Quarterlytics / Healthcare / Biotechnology / Addex Pharmaceuticals

Addex Pharmaceuticals

adxn · OTC Healthcare
Claim this profile
Ticker adxn
Exchange OTC
Sector Healthcare
Industry Biotechnology
Employees 11-50
← All annual reports
FY2017 Annual Report · Addex Pharmaceuticals
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Allosteric  Modulators  for 
Human Health 

Annual Report 2017 

Page 1 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Contents 

3 

4 

6 

16 

20 

46 

Letter to Shareholders 

Financial Review 

Corporate Governance Report 

Compensation Report 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

Statutory Financial Statements 

Key Facts / Addex Therapeutics 

Focus: 

Disease area: 

Lead programs: 

  Oral small molecule allosteric modulation-based drug discovery and 
development against diseases with high unmet medical needs. 
Rare diseases with orphan drug designation potential 

  Central Nervous System (CNS) 

  Dipraglurant  for  the  treatment  of  Parkinson’s  disease  levodopa-

induced dyskinesia (PD-LID); 
Dipraglurant for the treatment of dystonia; 
ADX71149 for epilepsy and undisclosed CNS disorders (licensed to 
Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc.); and 
ADX71441 for the treatment of addiction (licensed to Indivior PLC); 

Total full time equivalent employees and 
consultants as of December 31, 2017:  

8 

Stock symbol / exchange: 

  ADXN (ISIN:CH0029850754) / SIX Swiss Exchange 

Shares outstanding as of December 31st, 
2017: 

15,384,988 

Cash as of December 31, 2017: 

  CHF2.6 million 

Headquarters: 

Geneva, Switzerland 

Page 2 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Letter to Shareholders 

Dear Shareholders, 

During 2017, our significant efforts in business development and investor communications resulted in the conclusion of an important 
partnership  with  Indivior  PLC  and  a  transformational  CHF40  million  financing  announced  in  the  first  quarter  of  2018.  These  two 
significant achievements have firmly put us back on track to deliver on the promise of our exciting portfolio of allosteric modulator 
drug candidates. 

The ongoing support from The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research (MJFF) during 2017 has enabled us to continue 
to make progress in preparing dipraglurant for the start of registration studies in levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) associated with 
Parkinson’s  disease  (PD-LID).  In  addition,  we  continued  to  make  progress  in  evaluating  the  potential  of  dipraglurant  for  the 
treatment of dystonia. The recently announced financing now provides us with the funding to advance dipraglurant into registration 
studies for PD-LID and complete a proof of concept study in dystonia, both of which we expect to start by the end of 2018. 

We also  made significant  progress  in  advancing  our  gamma-aminobutyric  acid  subtype  B  receptor  (“GABA  B”)  positive  allosteric 
modulator (“PAM”) program, ADX71441. We published important data demonstrating the effectiveness of ADX71441 in preclinical 
models of alcohol use disorder and pain, and secured a USD5.3 million grant from the US National Institute of Drug Abuse (“NIDA”) 
to finance the progression of ADX71441 into clinical development. On January 3, 2018, we announced a partnership with Indivior 
PLC,  the  world  leader  in  addiction  therapies,  for  GABA  B  PAM,  including  the  global  development  and  commercialization  of 
ADX71441  with  an  initial focus on the treatment  of  addiction.  Under the terms of the agreement, Addex received  USD5.0  million 
upfront,  USD4.0  million  of  committed  research  funding  over  two  years,  USD330  million  of  potential  development,  regulatory  and 
commercialization milestones, and tiered royalties up to double-digit. Addex retains the right to select compounds from the GABA B 
PAM  research  collaboration  for  certain  indications  outside  addiction,  including  the  rare  disease,  Charcot-Marie-Tooth  type  1a 
neuropathy (CMT1A). 

During the year, we continued to make progress in advancing our discovery programs, including our tyrosine kinase type B (TrkB) 
PAM program for which we received a grant of USD0.8 million from MJFF to fund early lead optimization activities.  Our ongoing, 
Swiss  Government  funded  collaborations,  with  Universities  of  Lausanne  and  Geneva,  made  good  progress  in  advancing  our 
understanding  of 
/  mGluR4  (neurodegeneration)  and  TrkB 
(neurodegeneration) programs. 

for  our  mGluR7  (psychiatry) 

the  mechanisms  of  action 

We also  continued to develop important strategic alliances with  industry  partners,  patient  advocacy groups, academic institutions 
and governmental organizations to advance development of our promising portfolio of allosteric modulator drug candidates. 

2018  will  be  an  exciting  year  for  Addex  as  we  rebuild  the  team  to  execute  on  our  plans  to  start  the  first  registration  trial  with 
dipraglurant  for  PD-LID  and  the  proof  of  concept  in  focal  cervical  dystonia. We  will  also  strengthen  the  team  in  discovery  as  we 
execute  on  our  GABAB  PAM  partnership  with  Indivior  PLC,  deploy  resources  to  advance  our  preclinical  programs  to  their  next 
important value creating milestones and strengthen our leading position in allosteric modulation drug discovery. We are committed 
to  building  significant  value  for  our  shareholders  and  believe  the  recent  financing  now  provides  us  with  the  financial  resources 
necessary  deliver  on  the  promise  of  our  portfolio  of  exciting  allosteric  modulator  drug  candidates.  We  will  continue  to  evaluate 
strategic options for our portfolio of drug candidates and advance their development for the benefit of patients. 

Finally,  we  would  like  to  acknowledge  and  thank  our  employees  and  collaboration  partners  for  their  dedication,  loyalty  and 
perseverance. We would also like to thank our shareholders for their much valued support. 

Vincent Lawton 
Chairman of the Board 

Tim Dyer 
Chief Executive Officer

Page 3 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Financial Review 

Overview 

The following review and discussion of the financial results for 2017 should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial 
statements and related notes, which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and are 
presented in this Annual Report. 

We are  a development-stage biopharmaceutical  company focused  on building a sustainable pharmaceutical business around  our 
expertise in the discovery and development of oral small molecule allosteric modulators of G-protein coupled receptors. As a result, 
commercialization is currently limited to out-licensing of selected discovery and development stage programs. 

During  2017,  our  financial  results  are  driven  primarily  by  activities  related  to  the  development  of  dipraglurant  for  PD-LID  and 
dystonia; ADX71441 for addiction and our TrkB PAM program for neurodegeneration. In addition, we were engaged in a number of 
business development activities as well as activities related to securing resources to advance our portfolio, including entering into 
collaborations with patient advocacy groups, academic institutions and governmental organizations to characterize our portfolio of 
drug candidates and  access expertise  to complement  our  internal resources. At December 31,  2017, our headcount was 8 FTEs 
compared  to  7  FTEs  at  December 31, 2016,  and  our  average  headcount  was  stable  at 8  FTEs  in  2017, compared  to  6  FTEs  in 
2016.  In  addition  to  our  headcount,  we  engaged  a  number  of  consultants  and  service  providers  to  complement  our  internal 
resources. 

Research  and  development  expenditure  increased  slightly  to  CHF2.6  million  and  general  and  administrative  expenses  remained 
stable at CHF1.1 million. CHF0.5 million has been recognized as income in the year and our net loss increased to CHF3.3 million. 
We ended the year with a cash position of CHF2.6 million. 

Results of operations 

The following table presents our consolidated results of operations for the fiscal years 2017 and 2016: 

For the years 
ended December 31 

Amounts in millions of Swiss francs 

Income…………………………………... 
Research and development expenses.. 
General and administrative expenses... 
Total operating costs…………………. 
Operating loss………………………….. 
Finance costs, net………………………. 
Net loss for the year…………………... 

2017 

0.5 
(2.6) 
(1.1) 
(3.7) 
(3.2) 
(0.1) 
(3.3) 

2016 

0.4 
(2.4) 
(1.1) 
(3.5) 
(3.1) 
(0.0) 
(3.1) 

Income 
Income was CHF0.5 million in 2017 compared to CHF0.4 million in 2016. In 2017 income comprised CHF0.5 million of grants from 
The  Michel  J.  Fox  Foundation  for  Parkinson’s  Research  to  cover  certain  clinical  activities  related  to  dipraglurant  development  in 
Parkinson’s disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia and discovery activities related to our TrkB PAM program. 

Research and development expenses 
R&D expenses increased by 8% to CHF2.6 million in 2017, compared to CHF2.4 million in 2016, mainly due to an increase in the 
number  of  staff  and  consultants  deployed  on  the  preparation  of  dipraglurant  for  registration  studies  in  PD-LID  and  outsourced 
research  costs  on  our  Trk  B  PAM  program.  R&D  expenses  consist  primarily  of  costs  associated  with  research,  preclinical  and 
clinical testing and related staff costs. They also include depreciation of laboratory equipment and leasehold improvements, costs of 
materials used in research, costs associated with renting and operating facilities and equipment, as well as fees paid to consultants, 
patent costs and other outside service fees and overhead costs. These expenses include costs for proprietary and third party R&D.   

General and administrative expenses 
G&A  expenses  remained  stable  at  CHF1.1  million  in  2017  compared  to  2016.  G&A  expenses  consist  primarily  of  staff  costs, 
professional fees for legal, tax and strategic purposes and overheads related to general management, human resources, finance, 
information technology, business development and communication functions. 

Finance costs, net 
The finance result, net in 2017 of CHF45 thousand is related primarily to exchange differences.  

Page 4 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Financial Review 

Net loss for the year 
The  net  loss  for  the  2017  financial  year  was  CHF3.3  million  compared  to  CHF3.1  million  for  2016  primarily  due  to  the  cost  of 
operations  and  slight  increase  in  R&D  expenses.  Basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share  decreased  to  0.25  for  2017,  compared  to 
CHF0.28 for 2016 primarily due to the increase in the outstanding issued share capital in May 2017. 

Balance sheet & cash flows 

Cash and cash equivalents increased by 83% to CHF2.6 million at December 31, 2017, compared to CHF1.4 million at December 
31, 2016. This increase of CHF1.2 million is mainly due to the gross proceeds of CHF3.5 million from the sale of treasury shares 
partially offset by the cash used in operations of CHF2.2 million. 

The investment in property, plant and equipment was limited during the 2017 financial year. The net book value of property, plant 
and equipment decreased by 84% to CHF2,751 at December 31, 2017 compared to CHF17,303 at December 31, 2016, primarily 
due to the annual depreciation charge. 

Total  shareholders’  equity  has  increased  to  CHF1.3  million  at  December  31,  2017  compared  to  CHF0.2  million  at  December  31, 
2016, mainly due to the proceeds from the issue of new shares partially offset by the net loss of the year. 

Post balance sheet event  

On March 28, 2018, the Company increased its share capital by issuing 13,037,577 new shares with a nominal value of CHF1 each 
at  an  issue  price  of  CHF3.13  per  share.  Of  these  new  shares, 12,917,129  were  placed  with  investors  raising  CHF40.4  million of 
gross  proceeds  and  the  remaining  120,448  new  shares  were  recorded  as  treasury  shares,  bringing  the  total  outstanding  issued 
share capital to 28,564,031. Each new share received a 7 year warrant to purchase 0.45 of a share at a price of CHF3.43.  

On  January  2, 2018, the group signed  a licencing  and  collaboration agreement with  Indivior PLC for the global development  and 
commercialization of ADX71441 for the treatment of addiction. An upfront payment of USD5.0 million has been received in January 
2018. 

Shares and shareholders’ information 

At  December  31,  2017,  the  Company  had  15,384,988  (2016:  13,454,553)  outstanding  issued  shares  and  a  free  float  of 
approximately  100%.  Of  the  outstanding  issued  shares  at  December  31,  2017,  1,964,973  shares  were  held  in  treasury  (at 
December 31, 2016: 1,891,006 shares). As part of the May 2017 capital increase, 1,930,435 shares were acquired by the Group 
and recorded as treasury shares at CHF1. During 2017, the Group sold 1,856,468 treasury shares and recorded net proceeds of 
CHF3,380,747 in equity. The closing share price and market capitalization increased to CHF2.29 and CHF35.2 million at December 
31, 2017, compared to CHF1.84 and CHF24.8 million at December 31, 2016, respectively. 

2017 outlook 

As  a  result  of  the  capital  increase  completed  on  March  28,  2018  raising  CHF40  million  of  gross  proceeds  and  the  partnership 
entered into with Indivior PLC on 2 January 2018, we have the financial resources to execute on advancing our portfolio of allosteric 
modulator drug candidates to their next important value inflection points. In particular, we will advance dipraglurant for PD-LID and 
dystonia, and our partner, Indivior is expected to advance ADX71441 into phase 1. We will also advance our discovery programs 
and  continue  to  invest  in  our  allosteric  modulator  technology  platform.  While  we  will  strengthen  our  team  as  we  add  resources 
across  the  organization  continue,  we  will  continue  to  pursue  collaborations  with  industry,  patient  advocacy  groups,  academic 
institutions and governmental organizations to drive forward our portfolio of allosteric modulator drug candidates. 

Page 5 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Corporate Governance Report 

General information 

Addex  Therapeutics  Ltd’s  articles  of  association  (the  “Articles”),  organizational  rules  (the  “Organizational  Rules”)  and  policies 
provide  the  basis  for  the  principles  of  Corporate  Governance.  This  report  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  SIX  Swiss 
Exchange Directive on Information Related to Corporate Governance effective as of October 1, 2014. 

Group structure 

Description of Addex’ operational group structure 
Addex Therapeutics Ltd (“Addex” or the “Company”; CHE-113.514.094) is the holding and finance company of the Group. Addex 
Pharma  SA  (CHE-109.561.624),  based  in  Geneva,  Switzerland,  a  100%  subsidiary  of  Addex  Therapeutics  Ltd,  is  in  charge  of 
research, development, registration, commercialization, and holds the Group’s intellectual property. Addex Pharma SA has a share 
capital  of  CHF3,987,492  divided  into  3,987,492  registered  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of  CHF1  each.  Addex  Pharmaceuticals 
France SAS, based in Archamps, France, is a 100% subsidiary of Addex Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Addex Pharmaceuticals France SAS 
has a share capital of EUR37,000 divided into 37,000 registered shares with a nominal value of EUR1 each. 

Listed company 
Addex  Therapeutics  Ltd  has  its  registered  office  c/o  Addex  Pharma  SA,  Chemin  des  Aulx  12,  P.O.  Box  68,  CH-1228  Plan-les-
Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland. Its shares have been listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX) since May 21, 2007 under the Swiss 
security number (Valorennummer) 2985075. The ISIN is CH0029850754, the common code is 030039254 and the ticker symbol is 
ADXN. On December 31, 2017, the market capitalization of Addex was CHF35,231,653. 

Significant shareholders 
As far as can be ascertained from the information available, the following shareholders own 3% or more of the Company’s share 
capital as at December 31, 2017 based on published notifications to the SIX: 

Shareholder  
Addex Pharma SA3 
             12.77% 
Herculis Partners Aries Fund, Herculis Partners Taurus Fund4 
               3.79% 
1 This table presents the shares held by the shareholders listed therein. The derivative holdings held by such shareholders are not included.  
2 Based on the share capital registered in the Commercial Register as of December 31, 2017 (i.e. CHF 15,384,988, divided into 15,384,988 registered shares). 
3 Addex Pharma SA, Chemin des Aulx 12, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland; the beneficial owner is Addex Therapeutics Ltd, Chemin des Aulx 12, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, 
Switzerland.  
4  Herculis  Partners  Aries  Fund,  Austrasse  9,  9490  Vaduz,  LIE  and  Herculis  Partners  Taurus  Fund,  Austrasse  9,9490  Vaduz,  LIE;  the  beneficial  owner  is  IMF  Independent  Fund 
Management AG Austrasse 9, 9490 Vaduz, LIE. 

Shares held1  % of voting rights2  % of capital2 
        12.77% 
     1,964,973 
          3.79% 
        582,695 

For  a  comprehensive  list  of  notifications  of  shareholdings  received  during  2017  pursuant  to  article  120  of  the  Financial  Market 
Infrastructure  Act 
(https://www.six-exchange-
regulation.com/en/home/publications/significant-shareholders.html). 

implementing  ordinances, 

the  SIX  website 

(FMIA)  and 

refer 

its 

to 

Refer to Post Balance Sheet Events section for impact of capital increase of March 28, 2018. 

Cross-shareholdings 
There are no cross-shareholdings in terms of capital shareholdings or voting rights in excess of 5%. 

Shareholder structure 
There were 2,304 shareholders registered in the share register on December 31, 2017. The distribution of shareholdings is divided 
as follows: 

Number of shares 
1 to 100 
101 to 1,000 
1,001 to 10,000 
10,001 to 100,000 
100,001 to 1,000,000 
1,000,001 to 10,000,000 

Number of registered shareholders on December 31, 2017 
281 
975 
929 
114 
4 
1 

Page 6 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

The shareholder base on December 31, 2017 was constituted as follows: 

Shareholder structure according to category of investors 
(weighted by number of shares) 
Private persons 
Institutional shareholders 
Not registered 

43.55% 
21.63% 
34.81% 

Shareholder structure by country 
(weighted by number of shares) 
United States 
Switzerland 
France 
Germany 
Other 
Not registered 

  0.10% 
59.56% 
  0.11% 
  0.08% 
  5.33% 
34.81% 

Capital structure 

As of December 31,  2017, the  share capital amounted  to CHF15,384,988  consisting of 15,384,988 issued shares with  a nominal 
value of CHF1 per share. As of December 31, 2017, the Company, indirectly, held 1,964,973 of its own shares. These shares are 
recorded as treasury shares. 

Authorized share capital 
As of December 31, 2017 and according to the Articles, the Board of Directors (Board) is authorized, at any time until June 22, 2019 
to increase the share capital in an amount of CHF7,692,494 through the issuance of 7,692,494 fully paid registered shares with a 
nominal value of CHF1  each. An  increase in partial amounts is  permitted. The Board shall determine the issue price,  the  type of 
payment, the date of issue of new shares, the conditions for the exercise of pre-emptive rights and the beginning date for dividend 
entitlement.  In  this  regard,  the  Board  may  issue  new  shares  by  means  of  a  firm  underwriting  through  a  banking  institution,  a 
syndicate or another third party with a subsequent offer of these shares to the current shareholders (unless the pre-emptive rights 
of current shareholders are excluded). The Board may permit pre-emptive rights that have not been exercised to expire or it may 
place these rights and/or shares as to which pre-emptive rights have been granted but not exercised, at market conditions or use 
them for other purposes in the interest of the Company.  

The  subscription  and  acquisition  of  the  new  shares,  as  well  as  each  subsequent  transfer  of  the  shares,  shall  be  subject  to  the 
restrictions set forth in Article 5 of the Articles. 

The Board is authorized to restrict or exclude the pre-emptive rights of shareholders and allocate such rights to third parties if the 
shares are to be used (1) for the acquisition of enterprises, parts of an enterprise, or participations, or for new investments, or, in 
case  of  a  share  placement,  for  the  financing  or  refinancing  of  such  transactions;  or  (2)  for  the  purpose  of  the  participation  of 
strategic partners (including in the event of a public tender offer) or for the purpose of an expansion of the shareholder constituency 
in certain investor markets; or (3) for the granting of an over-allotment option (Greenshoe) of up to 20 percent to the banks involved 
in  connection  with  a  placement  of  shares;  or  (4)  for  raising  capital  in  a  fast  and  flexible  manner,  which  would  not  be  achieved 
without the exclusion of the statutory pre-emptive rights of the existing shareholders. 

Conditional share capital  
According to the Articles, the share capital of the Company may be increased by a maximum aggregate amount of CHF3,500,000 
through the issuance of a maximum of 3,500,000 registered shares, which shall be fully paid-in, with a par value of CHF1 per share 
by  the  exercise  of  option  rights  or  subscription  rights  attached  to  bons  de  jouissance  which  the  employees,  directors  and/or 
consultants  of  the  Company or  a  group  company  are  granted  according  to  respective  regulations  of  the  Board.  The  pre-emptive 
rights of  the shareholders  are excluded. The  acquisition  of registered shares through  the  exercise of  option  rights or subscription 
rights  granted  to  the  holders  of  bons  de  jouissance  and  the  subsequent  transfer  of  the  registered  shares  shall  be  subject  to  the 
transfer restrictions provided in Article 5 of the Articles. 

The share capital of the Company may be increased by a maximum aggregate amount of CHF4,192,494 through the issuance of a 
maximum of 4,192,494 registered shares, which shall be fully paid-in, with a par value of CHF1 per share by the exercise of option 
and/or conversion  rights  which are  granted  to  shareholders of the  company and/or in connection  with  the issue  of  bonds, similar 
obligations or other financial instruments by the Company or another group company. In the case of such grants of option and/or 
conversion rights, the advanced subscription right of shareholders is excluded. The holders of option and/or conversion rights are 
entitled to receive the new shares. The Board shall determine the terms of the option and/or conversion rights. The acquisition of 
registered shares through the exercise of option or conversion rights and the subsequent transfer of the registered shares shall be 
subject to the transfer restrictions provided in Article 5 of the Articles. 

Page 7 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

The  Board  is  authorized  to  restrict  or  exclude  the  advanced  subscription  rights  of  shareholders  (1)  if  the  debt  or  other  financial 
instruments  and/or  conversion  rights  or  warrants  are  issued  for  the  purpose  of  financing  or  refinancing  of  the  acquisition  of 
enterprises,  parts  of  an  enterprise,  or  participations  or  new  investments  or  (2)  if  such  debt  or  other  financial  instruments  and/or 
conversion rights or warrants are issued on the national or international capital markets and for the purpose of a firm underwriting 
by  a  banking  institution  or  a  consortium  of  banks  with  subsequent  offering  to  the  public  or  (3)  if  such  debt  or  other  financial 
instruments  and/or  conversion  rights  or  warrants  are  issued  for  raising  capital  in  a  fast  and  flexible  manner,  which  would  not  be 
achieved without the exclusion of the advanced subscription rights of the existing shareholders. If the advance subscription rights 
are  excluded  by  the  Board,  the  following  hall  apply:  the  issuance  of  convertible  bonds  or  warrants  or  other  financial  market 
instruments  shall  be  made  at the  prevailing  market  conditions  (including  dilution  protection  provisions  in  accordance  with  market 
practice)  and  the  new  shares  shall  be  issued  pursuant  to  the  relevant  conversion  or  exercise  rights  in  connection  with  bond  or 
warrant issue conditions. Conversion rights may be exercised during a maximum 10-year period, and warrants may be exercised 
during a maximum 7-year period, in each case from the date of the respective issuance.. 

Changes in capital 
On May 29, 2017, the Group increased its share capital by CHF1,930,435 (1,930,435 registered shares with nominal value of CHF1 
per share) out of authorized share capital. The 1,930,435 new shares were subscribed by the Company’s 100% owned subsidiary, 
Addex Pharma SA at CHF1 and recorded as treasury shares.  

For further information on changes in capital in 2017 and 2016, including changes in reserves, refer to the consolidated statements 
of changes in equity as well as note 12 of the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.  

Shares, participation and equity sharing certificates 
Addex  has  one  class  of  shares,  i.e.  registered  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of  CHF1  per  share.  Each  share  is  fully  paid  up  and 
carries one vote and equal dividend rights, with no privileges. The Company has 1,700 outstanding equity sharing certificates (bons 
de  jouissance  /  Genussscheine).  Equity  sharing  certificates  are  available  for  granting  to  employees  and/or  directors  and/or 
consultants of the Company or any Group company under the Group’s equity incentive plan. Equity sharing certificates do not form 
part of the share capital, have no nominal value, and do not grant any right to vote nor to attend meetings of shareholders. Each 
equity sharing certificate grants  the right  to subscribe for 1,000 shares of  the  Company and  a  right to  liquidation proceeds  of  the 
Company  calculated  in  accordance  with  Article  34  of  the  Articles.  The  Company  has  no  participation  certificates  (bons  de 
participation / Partizipationsscheine). . 

The Company’s shares and equity sharing certificates are not certificated. Shareholders and equity sharing certificate holders are 
not entitled to request printing and delivery of certificates, however, any shareholder or equity sharing certificate holder may at any 
time request the Company to issue a confirmation of their holdings. 

Limitations on transferability of shares and nominee registration 
A  transfer  of  uncertified  shares  is  affected  by  a  corresponding  entry  in  the  books  of  a  bank  or  depository  institution  following  an 
assignment  in  writing  by  the  selling  shareholder  and  notification  of  such  assignment  to  Addex  by  the  bank  or  the  depository 
institution. A transfer of shares further requires that a shareholder files a share registration form in order to be registered in Addex’ 
share register with voting rights. Failing such registration, a shareholder may not vote at or participate in a shareholders’ meeting. 

A purchaser of shares will be recorded  in  Addex’  share register as  a  shareholder  with  voting rights  if  the  purchaser discloses  its 
name, citizenship or registered office and address and gives a declaration that it has acquired the shares in its own name and for its 
own account. 

Article  5  of  the  Articles  provide  that  a  person  or  entity  that  does  not  explicitly  state  in  its  registration  request  that  it  will  hold  the 
shares for its own account (Nominee) may be entered as a shareholder in the share register with voting rights for shares up to a 
maximum of 5% of the share capital as set forth in the commercial register. Shares held by a Nominee that exceed this limit are 
only  registered  in  the  share  register  with  voting  rights  if  such  Nominee  declares  in  writing  to  disclose  the  name,  address  and 
shareholding  of  any  person  or  legal  entity  for  whose  account  it  is  holding  1%  or  more  of  the  share  capital  as  set  forth  in  the 
commercial  register.  The  limit  of  1%  shall  apply  correspondingly  to  Nominees  who  are  related  to  one  another  through  capital 
ownership or voting rights or have a common management or are otherwise interrelated. A share being indivisible, hence only one 
representative of each share will be recognized. Furthermore, shares may only be pledged in favor of the bank that administers the 
bank entries of such shares for the account of the pledging shareholders. If the registration of shareholdings with voting rights was 
effected based on false information, the Board may cancel such registration with retroactive effect. 

Convertible bonds and options 
As of December 31, 2017, the Company has no convertible or exchangeable bonds or loans outstanding. For information on equity 
incentive plans for Non-Executive Directors, Executive Management and employees, refer to note 13 of the consolidated financial 
statements included in this annual report. 

Page 8 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

Board of directors 
The following table sets forth the name, year joined the Board, position and directorship term, as well as committee memberships, 
of each member of the Board, followed by a short description of each member’s business experience, education and activities: 

Name 
Vincent Lawton 
Raymond Hill 
Tim Dyer 
Roger Mills 

Year of birth 
1949 
1945 
1968 
1957 

Nationality 
UK 
UK 
Swiss/UK 
US/UK 

First elected 
2009 
2015 
2015 
2017 

Elected  until 
2018 
2018 
2018 
2018 

Board 
Chairman 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Vincent Lawton 
Chairman of the Board of Directors 
Professor  Lawton  was  Vice  President  Merck  Europe  and  Managing  Director  of  MSD  UK  until  he  stepped  down  in  2006,  after  26 
years’  service  internationally  for  Merck  &  Co  Inc.  He  was  appointed  CBE  (Commander  of  the  British  Empire)  by  the  Queen  of 
England for services to the Pharmaceutical Industry. During his tenure, MSD UK achieved sustained commercial success, launching 
many new medicines to the market in a wide range of therapeutic areas, becoming the fastest growing company in the market over a 
number  of  years.  He  worked  in  commercial,  research  and  senior  management  roles  in  France,  the  US  and  Canada,  Spain  and 
throughout Europe. As President of the UK Industry Association, the ABPI, he negotiated industry pricing, worked with Government 
bodies  to  help  establish  the  UK  globally  as  a  leading  center  of  clinical  research.  He  served  on  the  board  of  the  UK  regulatory 
authority  (MHRA)  from  2008  to  2015.  He  is  a  Senior  Strategy  Advisor  for  Imperial  College  Department  of  Medicine,  University  of 
London  and  serves  as  a  consultant  to  a  number  of  leading  healthcare  organizations.  He  studied  Psychology  at  the  University  of 
London and holds an undergraduate degree and PhD. 

Raymond Hill 
Member of the Board of Directors 
Professor  Hill  was  previously  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  from  the  Annual  General  Meetings  of  2008  until  2012.  He  is 
currently  Visiting  Professor  of  Pharmacology  at  Imperial  College  in  London,  and  Non-Executive  Director  of  Avilex  (DMK), 
Asceneuron (CH) and Orexo AB (SE). Prior to his retirement, he was Executive Director, Licensing and External Research, Europe 
(2002 - 2008) at Merck/MSD, Executive Director, Pharmacology (1990-2002) at the Merck Neuroscience Research Centre and had 
oversight  responsibility  for  Neuroscience  research  at  the  Banyu  Research  Labs  in  Tsukuba,  Japan  (1997-2002).  At  Merck,  he 
chaired a number of discovery project teams including those responsible for the marketed products Maxalt® and Emend®. Dr. Hill 
received his academic training (BPharm PhD) at the University of London. He was a lecturer in Pharmacology at the University of 
Bristol School of Medicine from 1974 to 1983 and supervisor in Pharmacology at Downing College, University of Cambridge from 
1983 to 1988. He joined the pharmaceutical industry in 1983 as Head of Biology and founder member of the Park Davis Research 
Unit  at  Cambridge.  In  1988,  he  joined  SK&F  (UK)  as  Group  Director,  Pharmacology  and  in  1990  moved  to  Merck.  He  is  a  past 
Council Member of the UK Academy of Medical Sciences and President Emeritus, British Pharmacological Society. He is Visiting 
Professor at the University of Bristol and a member of the UK Government Advisory Council on Misuse of Drugs. 

Tim Dyer 
Member of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer 
Since co-founding Addex in 2002, Mr  Dyer has played a pivotal role in building the Addex  Group, raising CHF280 million of capital, 
including  Addex  IPO  and  negotiating  licensing  agreements  with  pharmaceutical  industry  partners  that  generated  more  than  CHF50 
million in cash inflows. Prior to founding Addex, he spent 10 years with Price Waterhouse (PW) & PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) in 
the UK and Switzerland as part of the audit and business advisory group. At PwC in Switzerland, Mr Dyer’s responsibilities included 
managing  the  service  delivery  to  a  diverse  portfolio  of  clients  including  high  growth  start-up  companies,  international  financial 
institutions  and  venture  capital  and  investment  companies.  At  PW  in  the  UK,  Mr  Dyer  gained  extensive  experience  in  audit  and 
transaction  support,  spending  two  years  performing  inward  investment  due  diligence  on  local  financial  institutions  in  the  Ex-Soviet 
Union.  Mr  Dyer  has  extensive  experience  in  finance,  corporate  development,  business  operations  and  the  building  of  start-up 
companies  and served  as  a  member  of  the  Swiss  government  innovation  promotion  agency  coaching  team  from  2011  to  2016.  Mr 
Dyer also serves on the advisory board of the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Management of Technology MBA program. 
He is a UK Chartered Accountant and holds a BSc (Hons) in Biochemistry and Pharmacology from the University of Southampton, UK. 

Roger Mills 
Member of the Board of Directors and Chief Medical Officer 
Dr.  Mills,  who  joined  Addex  in  2016,  brings  more  than  25  years  of  biopharmaceutical  industry  experience  at  both  large  global 
pharmaceutical companies and smaller biotechnology companies, including Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, Abbott 
Laboratories  and Wellcome,  across  a  spectrum  of disease  areas.   His  extensive  track  record  includes managing  drug  development 
programs from Investigational New Drug Application preparation through to post-marketing and OTC products, including NUPLAZID™ 
for the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Psychosis, as well as regulatory affairs and business development activities.  Most recently, 
Dr.  Mills  was  with  Acadia  Pharmaceuticals  for  nine  years,  serving  as  Executive  Vice  President,  Development  and  Chief  Medical 
Officer.   In  this  role,  he  oversaw  the  largest  ever  international  Phase  III  program  in  Parkinson’s  Disease  Psychosis,  and  led  the 
Company’s New Drug Application submission to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for NUPLAZID, which was subsequently 
approved  and  remains  the  first  and  only  medication  approved  by  the  FDA  in  this  indication.  Dr.  Mills  currently  serves  as  a  Visiting 
Professor at the Centre for Age Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London.  He 

Page 9 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

received his medical degree from Imperial College, Charing Cross Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Mills is co-
author of more than 50 research publications and patents. 

Other activities and vested interests 
The  Articles  provide  certain  restrictions  to  the  number  of  mandates  that  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  may  have  in  the 
supreme governing bodies of legal entities registered in the Swiss commercial register or similar foreign register as follows: 1) No 
member of the Board of Directors may hold more than fifteen board of director mandates with no more than four mandates in listed 
entities; 2) Mandates in companies controlled by Addex or which control Addex are not subject to restrictions; 3) Mandates that are 
held  by  order  and  on  behalf of  Addex  or  companies  under  Addex  control  are  restricted  to  ten;  and  4) mandates  in associations, 
charitable organizations, family trusts and foundations relating to post-retirement benefits and other not-for-profit organizations are 
restricted to twenty-five. Multiple mandates in different legal entities which are under common control or same beneficial ownership 
are deemed to be one mandate. 

Apart  from  the  information  given  above,  none  of  the  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  has  had  other  activities  or  holds  any 
positions 1) in governing and supervisory bodies of important Swiss and foreign organizations, institutions and foundations under 
private and public law; 2) of permanent management and consultancy functions for important Swiss and foreign interest groups; or 
3) of official government functions and political posts.  

Elections and terms of office 
The Articles provide for a Board consisting of between one and eleven members. The Company currently has four members of the 
Board.  In  accordance  with  the  Swiss  Ordinance  Against  Excessive  Compensation  in  Listed  Stock  Companies  of  November  20, 
2013 (the "Compensation  Ordinance"),  members of  the Board including the  Chairman are appointed  and  removed exclusively  by 
shareholders’ resolution for a term of one year until completion of the next annual general meeting of shareholders.  

Changes in the board of directors 
Roger Mills has been elected as a member of the board.  

Internal organization and areas of responsibility 
The  Articles  and  Organizational  Rules  define  the  Company’s  internal  organization  and  areas  of  responsibility  of  the  Board, 
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and the Executive Management. 

Responsibilities of the board of directors 
The  Board  is  entrusted  with  the  ultimate  direction  of  the  Company  and  the  supervision  of  management.  The  Board’s  non-
transferable  and  irrevocable  duties  include  managing  the  Company  and  issuing  the  necessary  directives,  determining  the 
organization including adoption and revision of the Organizational Rules, organizing the accounting system, the financial controls, 
the  financial  and  strategic  planning,  as  well  as  appointing,  recalling,  setting  remuneration  and  ultimately  supervising  the  persons 
entrusted  with  the  management  and  representation  of  the  Company,  including  the  CEO.  Furthermore,  these  duties  include  the 
responsibility for the preparation of the annual report and the shareholders’ meetings, the carrying out of shareholders’ resolutions, 
the  notification  of  the  judge  in  case  of  over  indebtedness  of  the  Company,  and,  passing  resolutions  regarding  supplementary 
contributions for shares not fully paid-in, increases in capital to the extent that such power is vested in the Board, and of resolutions 
concerning  the  confirmation  of  capital  increases  and  corresponding  amendments  to  the  Articles  as  well  as  making  the  required 
report on capital increases. 

In  addition  to  these  duties  the  Board  specifically  retains  responsibility  for  the  non-delegable  and  inalienable  duties  and  powers 
pursuant to the Swiss Merger Act and any other law; the examination of the necessary qualifications of the auditors; the adoption of, 
and  any  amendments  or  modifications  to  any  equity  incentive  plans;  and  the  decisions  regarding  entering  into  any  financing 
arrangement in excess of CHF2 million including loan agreements, credit lines, letters of credit or capitalized leases; the issuance of 
convertible  debentures  or  other  financial  market  instruments;  and  the  approval  of  any  recommendation  made  by  any  of  the 
Committees. 

According to the current Organizational Rules enacted by the Board, resolutions of the Board are passed by way of simple majority 
vote. To validly pass a resolution, more than half of the members of the Board have to attend the meeting. No quorum is required 
for  confirmation  resolutions  and  adaptations  of  the  Articles  in  connection  with  capital  increases  pursuant  to  articles  634a,  651a, 
652g and 653g of the Swiss Federal Code of Obligations. 

Chairman of the board of directors 
The  Chairman  of  the  Board  calls,  prepares,  and  chairs  the  meetings  of  the  Board.  The  Chairman  also  chairs  the  shareholders’ 
meetings.  He  supervises  the  implementation  of  the  resolutions  of  the  Board  and  generally  supervises  the  CEO,  who  regularly 
reports to the Chairman on the meetings of the Executive Management and all important matters of the Group. 

Committees of the board of directors 
The Board has no standing committees. 

Working methods of the board of directors 
In  2017,  the  Board  held  five  meetings  with  average  duration  of  one  day.  The  majority  of  meetings  were  held  at  the  Company’s 
offices  with  full  attendance  at  all  meetings.  In  addition  to  formal  Board  meetings,  the  Board  holds  additional  ad  hoc  meetings  or 

Page 10 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

telephone conferences to discuss specific matters. The CEO and Chief Medical Officer (“CMO”) are entitled to attend every Board 
meeting and to participate in its debates and deliberations with the exception of non-executive sessions. 

During Board meetings, each member of the Board may request information from the other members of the Board, as well as from 
the members of the Executive Management present on all affairs of the Company. The CEO reports at each meeting of the Board 
on the course of business of the Company in a manner agreed upon from time to time between the Board and the CEO.  

In addition to reporting at Board meetings, the CEO reports immediately any extraordinary event and any significant change within 
the  Company  to  the  Chairman.  Outside  of  Board  meetings,  each  member  of  the  Board  may  request  from  the  CEO  information 
concerning the course of business of the Company. 

Definition of areas of responsibility 
The Board has delegated all areas of management of the Group’s business to the CEO and the Executive Management, and has 
granted the CEO the power to appoint the members of the Executive Management. The Board carries out the responsibilities and 
duties  reserved  to  it  by  law,  the  Articles  and  the  Organizational  Rules  as  detailed  in  section  “Responsibilities  of  the  board  of 
directors” on page 10. 

Information and control instruments of the board of directors 
The Board ensures that it receives sufficient information from the CEO and Executive Management to perform its supervisory duty 
and to make the decisions that are reserved to the Board. At  each  Board meeting the  Board receives reports from the  CEO and 
selected  members  of  the  Executive  Management  on  the  status  of  finance,  business,  research  and  development.  These  reports 
focus on the main risks and opportunities related to the Group. In addition, the Board is provided with a status report prior to each 
board meeting, a monthly finance report and other ad hoc reports on significant matters related to the Group’s operations. 

Furthermore, the Board receives unaudited annual and interim financial statements for all Group companies including consolidated 
financial  statements  for  the  Company.  The  Board  receives  a  written  report  from  the  auditors  on  the  results  of  the  audit  which 
includes  any  findings  with  respect  to  internal  control  risks  arising  as  a  result  of  their  audit  procedures.  The  auditor  held  two 
meetings with the chairman during 2017. Addex does not have an independent internal audit function. 

For further information on the risk management and the financial risks factors inherent to the Group’s activities, refer to note 3 of the 
consolidated financial statements.  

Executive management 
In accordance with the Articles and the Organizational Rules, the Board has delegated the operational management to the CEO. 
The CEO together with the Executive Management and under the control of the Board conducts the operational management of the 
Company pursuant to the Organizational Rules and reports to the Board on a regular basis.  

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  name,  year  of  birth  and  principal  position  of  those  individuals  who  currently  are  part  of  the 
Executive Management followed by a short description of each member’s business experience, education and activities:  

Name 
Tim Dyer 
Roger Mills 
Robert Lütjens 

Year of Birth 
1968 
1957 
1968 

Position 
Chief Executive Officer 
Chief Medical Officer 
Head of Discovery 

Nationality 
Swiss / British 
USA / British 
Swiss 

Tim Dyer 
Chief Executive Officer – Refer to page 9 

Roger Mills 
Chief Medical Officer – Refer to page 9 

Robert Lütjens 
Head of Discovery  

Dr  Lütjens  rejoined  Addex  in  May  2015  as  Head  of  Discovery  to  lead  the  preclinical  portfolio  and  allosteric  modulator  discovery 
activities. Dr Lütjens previously  worked at Addex  from  its inception  in  2002  until 2013, where  he  was  a member of the executive 
management  responsible  for  the  Biology  department.  While  at  Addex,  he  established  the  biology  capabilities  and  built  the 
company’s small molecule allosteric modulator biology platform. He played a pivotal role in all of Addex’s small molecule allosteric 
modulator programs, including research collaborations with  Merck & co. and Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. The latter partnership 
has led to the successful progression of the first mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator into man. Prior to joining Addex, Dr Lütjens 
completed  a  postdoctoral  fellowship  in  the  Department  of  Neuropharmacology  at  the  Scripps  Research  Institute,  in  La  Jolla,  CA, 
where he focused on understanding molecular changes involved in addiction disorders. Dr Lütjens obtained his degrees in Biology 
from  the  University  of  Geneva,  his  master’s  at  the  Swiss  Institute  for  Experimental  Cancer  Research  and  his  Ph.D.  thesis  at  the 
Glaxo Institute for Molecular Biology in Geneva and the Institute for Cellular Biology and Morphology in Lausanne. Dr. Lütjens is co-
author of over 20 peer-reviewed publications and co-inventor on patents covering screening methods or chemical compounds 

Page 11 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

Management contracts 
There are no management contracts between Addex and third parties, except for the contract with TMD Advisory Ltd, a company 
owned and managed by Mr. Dyer with registered office in Gland (Canton of Vaud), Switzerland, that has been mandated to provide 
CEO  /  CFO  services  to  the  Addex  Group.  The  remuneration  for the services  performed by  TMD  Advisory  Ltd  is  disclosed in  the 
Compensation Report of the Company.  

Other vested activities and vested interests 
Apart from the information given above, none of the Executive Management has had other activities or holds any positions of 1) in 
governing  and  supervisory  bodies  of  important  Swiss  and  foreign  organizations,  institutions  and  foundations  under  private  and 
public  law;  2)  permanent  management  and  consultancy  functions  for  important  Swiss  and  foreign  interest  groups;  or  3)  official 
government functions and political posts.  

Changes in executive management 
There is no change in executive management. 

Compensation, loans and shareholdings 
Information  about  content  and  method  of  determining  compensation  and  shareholder  programs  of  the  members  of  the  Board  of 
Directors and Executive Management can be found in the Compensation Report of the Company. Information about shareholdings 
of the members of the Board of Directors and Executive Management can be found in note 12 of the statutory financial statements 
of the Company. 

Shareholders’ participation 

Voting rights and representation restrictions 
Voting rights may be  exercised  only  after a  shareholder has been  recorded in  the Company’s  share  register as  a shareholder or 
usufructuary with  voting rights, subject  further the  restrictions on  transferability set  forth in the Articles.  No exceptions from  these 
restrictions were granted in 2017. A shareholder may be represented by his legal representative, the independent proxy or by a duly 
authorized  person  who  does  not  need  to  be  a  shareholder.  Subject  to  the  registration  of  shares  in  the  share  register  within  the 
deadline set from time to time by the Board before shareholders’ meetings, the Articles do not impose any restrictions on the voting 
rights of shareholders. Specifically, there is no limitation on the number of voting rights per shareholder. For further information on 
the conditions for registration in the share register (including in relation to Nominees) and for attending and voting at a shareholders’ 
meeting,  please  refer  to  the  sections  “Limitations  on  transferability  of  shares  and  nominee  registration”  on  page  8  above  and 
“Registration in the share register” on this page 13 below. 

Resolutions  of  shareholders’  meetings  generally  require  the  approval  of  the  absolute  majority  of  the  votes  represented  at  the 
shareholders meeting (more than 50% of the share votes represented at such meeting). Such resolutions include amendments to 
the Articles, elections of the members of the Board and statutory and group auditors, election of the chairman of the Board and of 
the  members  of  the  Compensation  Committee,  election  of  the  independent  proxy,  approval  of  the  annual  financial  statements, 
setting  the  annual  dividend,  approval  of  the  compensation  of  the  Board  and  management  pursuant  to  the  Articles,  decisions  to 
discharge  the  members  of  the  Board  and  management  for  liability  for  matters  disclosed  to  the  shareholders’  meeting  and  the 
ordering of an independent investigation into specific matters proposed to the shareholders’ meeting. 

A  resolution  passed  at  a  shareholders’  meeting  with  a  qualified  majority  of  at  least  two-thirds  of  the  votes  represented  and  the 
absolute majority of the nominal share capital is required by law for: (i) changes to the business purpose; (ii) the creation of shares 
with  privileged  voting  rights;  (iii)  restrictions  on  the  transferability  of  registered  shares;  (iv)  an  increase  of  the  authorized  or 
conditional share capital; (v) an increase in the share capital by way of capitalization of reserves, against contribution in kind, for the 
acquisition of assets or involving the grant of special privileges; (vi) the restriction or exclusion of pre-emptive rights of shareholders; 
(vii) a relocation of the registered office, and (viii) the dissolution of the Company. Special quorum rules apply by law to a merger, 
demerger, or conversion of the Company. The introduction or abolition of any provision in the Articles introducing a majority greater 
than that required by law must be resolved in accordance with such greater majority.  

Independent proxy 
The Articles provide the basis for election of the independent proxy. The Shareholders’ Meeting of June 22, 2017, elected Robert P. 
Briner as the independent proxy. 

Statutory quorums 
There is no provision in the Articles requiring a majority for shareholders’ resolutions beyond the majority requirements set out by 
applicable legal provisions. 

Convening of shareholders’ meetings and agenda items 
The  shareholders’  meeting  is  the  supreme  institution  of  the  Company  and  under  Swiss  law,  the  ordinary  shareholders’  meeting 
takes place annually within six months after the close of the business year. Shareholders’ meetings may be convened by the Board 
or,  if  necessary,  by  the  auditors.  Furthermore,  the  Board  is  required  to  convene  an  extraordinary  shareholders’  meeting  if  so 
requested  in  writing by holders  of shares representing at  least 10% of the  share capital and who  submit  a  petition specifying  the 
item for the agenda and the proposals. Shareholders representing shares with a nominal value of at least CHF1,000,000 or 10% of 
the  share  capital  have  the  right  to  request  in  writing  that  an  item  be  included  on  the  agenda  of  the  next  shareholders’  meeting, 

Page 12 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

setting forth the item and the proposal. A request to put an item on the agenda has to be made at least 60 days prior to the meeting. 
Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings may be called as often as necessary, in particular in all cases required by law. 

A shareholders’ meeting is convened by publishing a notice in the Swiss Official Commercial Gazette (Feuille Officielle Suisse du 
Commerce/Schweizerisches  Handelsamtsblatt)  at  least  20  days  prior  to  such  meeting.  In  addition,  holders  of  shares  may  be 
informed by a letter sent to the address indicated in the share register. 

Registration in the share register 
The  Board  determines  the  relevant  deadline  for  registration  in  the  share  register  giving  the  right  to  attend  and  to  vote  at  the 
shareholders’ meeting. Such deadline is published by Addex on the Company’s website, usually in connection with the publication 
of  the invitation  to  the shareholders’ meeting  in  the  Swiss Official  Commercial Gazette. The  registration  deadline for the  ordinary 
shareholders’ meeting shall be determined and communicated prior to the end of May 2018. Addex has not enacted any rules on 
the granting of exceptions in relation to these deadlines. No exceptions were granted in 2017, and the Board does not anticipate 
granting any exceptions related to the shareholders’ meeting to be held in 2018. For further information on registration in the share 
register, please refer to section “Limitations on transferability of shares and nominee registration” on page 8. 

Changes of control and defense measures 

Duty to make an offer 
Swiss law provides for the possibility to have the Articles contain a provision which would eliminate the obligation of an acquirer of 
shares, exceeding the threshold of 33 1/3% of the voting rights (whether exercisable or not), to proceed with a public tender offer to 
acquire  100%  of  the  listed equity securities of the  company (opting-out  provision  pursuant  to  Article  art. 125 para. 3 of  the  Swiss 
Federal  Act  on  Financial  Market  Infrastructures  and  Market  Conduct  in  Securities  and  Derivatives  ("FMIA"))  or  which  would 
increase such threshold to 49% of the voting rights (opting-up provision pursuant to Article art. 135 para. 1 FMIA). As of December 
31, 2017, the Articles do not contain an opting-out or an opting-up provision. 

Clauses on change of control 
Addex’ equity sharing certificate equity incentive plan contains a provision in respect of changes of Addex shareholder base. In the 
event of a change of control over Addex (defined as a change of control event triggering a mandatory public tender offer according 
to  applicable  stock  exchange  rules)  all  outstanding  unexercised  share  options  and  subscription  rights  attached  to  equity  sharing 
certificates,  vest, and  in  the case of subscription  rights attached to equity sharing  certificates,  they become  exercisable  with  their 
remaining term being reduced proportionally. 

Auditors 

Duration of the mandate and term of office of the lead auditor 
Pursuant to the Articles, the auditor shall be elected every year and may be re-elected. The statutory and group auditors of Addex 
are  PricewaterhouseCoopers  SA,  Geneva,  Switzerland.  PricewaterhouseCoopers  SA  has  held  the  function  of  statutory  auditor 
since inception of the Company in February 2007 and of Addex Pharma SA since its inception in 2002, and acts as group auditor 
since 2004. The lead auditor of Addex since 2016 is Mr. Yves Cerutti. 

Audit fees 
In 2017, PricewaterhouseCoopers SA and its affiliates charged the Group audit fees in the amount of CHF90,000. 

Additional fees 
In 2017, PricewaterhouseCoopers SA and its affiliates charged the Group no additional fees. 

Control instruments of the auditors 
The Audit Committee was disbanded on June 27, 2014 and since this date the Chairman of the Board of Directors, Vincent Lawton 
assumes the task of supervising the auditors. The Chairman meets with external auditors at least once a year to discuss the scope 
and the results of the audit and to assess the quality of their service. The auditors prepare a management letter addressed to the 
Chairman of the Board of Directors two times per year, informing them of their audit plan for the year under review followed by a 
report detailing the result of their annual audit. 

In 2017, the Chairman of the Board met with the auditors two times to discuss the results of their 2016 year-end audit, the financial 
situation  of  the  Group and the scope of the 2017 audit.  In 2018,  the  Chairman of  the  Board  met  with  the auditors to discuss  the 
results of their 2017 year-end audit and the financial situation of the Group.  

Information policy 
Addex  publishes  financial  results  in  the  form  of  an  Annual  Report  and  a  Half-year  Report  (Interim  Report).  In  addition,  Addex 
informs  shareholders  and  the  public  regarding  the  Group’s  business  through  press  releases,  conference  calls,  as  well  as 
roadshows. Where required by law or Addex’ Articles, publications are made in the Swiss Official Commercial Gazette. The Annual 
Report,  usually  published  no  later  than  April  of  the  following  year,  and  the  Interim  Report,  usually  published  no  later  than  in 
September, are both announced by press release. Annual Reports, Interim Reports and press releases are available on request in 
printed  form  to  all  registered  shareholders,  and are  also made  available  on  the  Group’s website  at  www.addextherapeutics.com. 
The Group’s website, which is the Group’s permanent source of information, also provides other information useful to investors and 

Page 13 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

the  public,  including  information  on  the  Group’s  research  and  development  programs  as  well  as  contact  information.  It  is  the 
Group’s policy not to release explicit earnings projections, but it will provide general guidance to enable the investment community 
and  the  public  to  better  evaluate  the  Group  and  its  prospective  business  and  financial  performance.  The  Board  has  issued  a 
disclosure  policy  to  ensure  that  investors  will  be  informed  in  compliance  with  the  requirements  of  the  SIX  Swiss  Exchange.  The 
Group’s  investor  relations  department 
investors’  queries  under 
IR@addextherapeutics.com or via post at Addex Therapeutics Ltd., Investor Relations, C/O Addex Pharma SA, Chemin des Mines 
9, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland. Additional inquiries may also be made by phone at +41 22 884 1555. 

to  shareholders’  or  potential 

is  available  to  respond 

Insider policy 
The  Board  has  issued  an  insider  policy  and  implemented  procedures  to  prevent  insiders  from  benefiting  from  confidential 
information.  The  policy  defines  guidelines  on  how  to  deter  corporate  insiders  from  making  use  of  confidential  information.  The 
Board has established blocking periods to prevent insiders from trading during sensitive periods. 

Ethical business conduct 
The  Group  is  committed  to  the  highest  standards  of  ethical  conduct.  As  a  pharmaceutical  business,  the  Group  is  operating  in  a 
highly regulated business environment. Strict compliance with all legal and health authority requirements, as well as requirements 
of  other regulators, is  mandatory.  The  Group  expects  its employees, contractors  and  agents to  observe  the  highest standards  of 
integrity  in  the  conduct  of  the  Group’s  business.  The  Code  of  Conduct  sets  forth  the  Group’s  policy  embodying  the  highest 
standards  of  business ethics and integrity required  of  all directors, executives, employees and agents when conducting  business 
affairs on behalf of the Group. The Group is committed to complying with the spirit and letter of all applicable laws and regulations 
where the Group engages in business. 

Post balance sheet events 

Extraordinary general meeting and capital Increase 
On  March 16, 2018 the Company’s extraordinary general meeting (the "EGM") approved an ordinary capital increase and certain 
modifications to the articles of association. On March 28, 2018, the Company increased its share capital by issuing 13,037,577 new 
shares with a nominal value of CHF1 each at an issue price of CHF3.13 per share. Of these new shares, 12,917,129 were placed 
with investors raising CHF40.4 million of gross proceeds and the remaining 120,448 new shares were recorded as treasury shares, 
bringing the total outstanding issued share capital to 28,564,031. Each new share received a 7 year warrant to purchase 0.45 of a 
share at a price of CHF3.43. 

The impact of the EGM and the capital increase on information reported in the corporate governance report at December 31, 2017 
is detailed below: 

Significant shareholders 
As  at  March  28,  2018,  the  following  shareholders  owned  3%  or  more  of  the  Company’s  share  capital  based  on  published 
notifications to the SIX: 

Shareholder  
Addex Pharma SA3 
Growth Equity Opportunities Fund IV, LLC4 
New Leaf Biopharma Opportunities I, L.P.5 
CDK Associates, LLC6 
CS (CH) Small Cap Switzerland Equity Fund7 
1 This table presents the shares held by the shareholders listed therein. The derivative holdings held by such shareholders are not included.  
2 Based on the share capital registered in the Commercial Register as of March 28, 2018 (i.e. CHF 28,564,031, divided into 28,564,031 registered shares).  
3 The beneficial owner is Addex Therapeutics Ltd, Chemin des Aulx 12, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland.  
4 The beneficial owner is New Enterprise Associates 15 L.P., Timonium MD 21093, USA. 
5 The beneficial owner is New Leaf Venture Management III LLC, 1209 Orange Street, c/o Corporation Trust Company/Center, DE 19801 Wilmington, USA. 
6 The beneficial owner is Bruce Kovner, c/o CDK Associates. LLC, Princeton, 08540 New Jersey, USA. 
7 The licensee and person that can exercise the voting rights at their own discretion is Credit Suisse Asset Management (Schweiz) AG, Kalandergasse 4, 8045 Zurich, Switzerland. 

Number of shares1 
2,124,111 
4,568,690 
1,597,444 
1,597,444 
1,627,985 

% of voting rights2 
7.44% 
15.99% 
5.59% 
5.59% 
5.70% 

% of capital2 
7.44% 
15.99% 
5.59% 
5.59% 
5.70% 

Conditional share capital 
On March 16, 2018, the EGM resolved to amend, without increasing, the allocation of the conditional share capital and accordingly 
to  amend  article  3c  of  the  Articles  (i)  by  reducing  the  Company's  conditional  share  capital  under  article  3c A)  of  the  Articles  by 
CHF1,674,404 from CHF3,358,534 (taking account of the 141,466 registered shares of the Company issued out of the Company's 
conditional share  capital which  have  been  registered in  the  commercial register on March  28, 2018) to CHF1,684,130 and (ii) by 
increasing  the  Company's  conditional  share  capital  under  article  3c B)  of  the  Articles  by  CHF1,674,404  from  CHF4,192,494  to 
CHF5,866,898.  As  a  result,  the  conditional  share  capital  for  the  issuance  of  registered  shares  upon  exercise  of  the  subscription 
rights  attached  to  equity  sharing  certificates  (bons  de  jouissance  /  Genussscheine)  has  been  reduced  to  CHF1,684,130  and  the 
conditional share  capital for the  issuance  of  registered  shares upon  exercise of any options  or other conversion  rights granted  in 
connection with an issuance of bonds, similar obligations or other financial instruments has been increased to CHF5,866,898.  

Duty to make an offer 
On March 16, 2018, the EGM resolved a selective opting-out limited to a 5-year period of the mandatory offer rules of article 135 
FMIA  based  on  article  125  para.  3  FMIA  by  adopting  a  new  article  39  of  the  Articles  (the  "Opting-out")  in  order  to  facilitate  the 
financing  of  the  Company  by  two  lead  investors,  i.e.  Growth  Equity  Opportunities  Fund  IV,  LLC  and  New  Leaf  Biopharma 

Page 14 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Corporate Governance Report 

Opportunities I, L.P., and to provide legal certainty in connection with the possible legal consequences under Swiss takeover law of 
these  investors'  acquisition of  newly  issued  registered  shares  of  the  Company  for  an  amount of  around  CHF 20  million  in  March 
2018. As a result of the Opting-out, neither Growth Equity Opportunities Fund IV, LLC, New Leaf Biopharma Opportunities I, L.P. 
nor their respective affiliates would have a duty to make a mandatory offer for a period until March 21, 2023 in case any of them 
would acquire (either alone or acting in concert pursuant to article 135 FIMA) 33 1/3 % or more of the outstanding voting rights of 
the Company. The Company's shareholders would be deprived of their right to tender their shares in a mandatory offer triggered by 
a  change  of  control  over  the  Company  caused  by  Growth  Equity  Opportunities  Fund  IV,  LLC  and/or  New  Leaf  Biopharma 
Opportunities I, L.P. and/or their respective affiliates until March 21, 2023 pursuant to article 135 FMIA. 

Page 15 of 55 

 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Compensation Report 

Overview 
This  Compensation  Report  provides  the  information  required  by  the  federal  Ordinance  against  excessive  compensation  in  listed 
companies ("Compensation Ordinance") (effective as of January 1, 2014). It also includes information required by section 5 of the 
Annex to the Directive on Information relating to Corporate Governance of the SIX Swiss Exchange (effective date October 1, 2014) 
and the Swiss Code of Best Practice for Corporate Governance (status August 28, 2014). 

Addex' Articles organization rules and policies provided the basis for the principles of compensation. 

Review and approval process 
The Board of Directors reviews compensation of its members and members of the Executive Management annually in accordance 
with the Company’s Compensation Policy. In its review process the Board of Directors considers compensation packages of other 
companies in the biotech and pharmaceutical industry in Switzerland and Europe that are comparable to Addex with respect to size 
or business model, the professional experience and areas of responsibility of the respective members. The Board of Directors may 
also  consult  relevant compensation  surveys and  bench marking reports.  Based  on its review, the Board  of Directors  submits two 
proposals for approval at the shareholders meeting: (i) the maximum aggregate amount of fixed and variable compensation for the 
Board of Directors for the prospective period from one ordinary general meeting of shareholders to the following ordinary general 
meeting  of  shareholders;  and  (ii)  the  maximum  aggregate  amount  of  fixed  and  variable  compensation  for  the  Executive 
Management  for  the  period  from  January  1  to  December  31  of  the  next  financial  year.  Approval  of  these  proposals  requires  an 
absolute majority (more than 50% of the share votes represented at the shareholders meeting). 

Compensation elements for the Board of Directors and Executive Management 

Board of Directors 
The compensation of the member of the Board of Directors consists of fixed and variable elements. The fixed element comprises a 
fixed annual monetary compensation per board term from one general meeting of shareholders to the next. The variable element 
comprises  a  monetary  compensation  based  on  board  meeting  attendance  and  equity  incentive  units  (share  options  and  equity 
sharing certificates). Social security contributions of the Company are accrued on the fixed and variable elements. Board member 
social security contributions are accrued on the fair value of equity incentive units. Equity incentive units are granted based on the 
discretion  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  In  addition,  the  Company  reimburses  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  for  out-of-pocket 
expenses  incurred  in  relation  to  their  services  on  an  on-going  basis  upon  presentation  of  the  corresponding  receipts.  The  most 
recent review of compensation for members of the Board of Directors took place on December 12, 2017. For further information on 
the compensation  for members  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  please  refer  to  the  section  “Compensation  of the  Board  of  Directors in 
2017" on page 17. 

Executive Management 
The  compensation  of  members  of  the  Executive  Management  consists  of  fixed  and  variable  elements.  The  fixed  element  may 
include a base salary or a cash retainer paid under a consulting contract. The variable element may include performance-related 
cash or share based bonuses, consulting fees based on chargeable hours and equity incentive units (equity sharing certificates and 
stock  options).  Company  contributions  to  pension  plans,  death  and  invalidity  insurances  and  social  security  contributions  are 
accrued on all fixed and variable element compensation that relates to an employment relationship. Both company and employee 
social  security  contributions  are  accrued  for  all  shares  or  equity  incentive  unit  compensation.  The  amount  of  the  fixed  element 
depends on the position, responsibilities, experience and skills, and takes into account individual performance. The fixed element is 
reviewed at the end of each year by the Board of Directors. Any changes in the fixed elements are made effective in January of the 
following  year.  The  variable  elements  are  based  on  individual  and  company  performance.  The  potential  variable  cash  bonus  is 
determined in the employment contract and in general is a percentage of the base salary. Where the Executive Manager has been 
engaged  under  a  consulting  contract,  the  variable  element  is  based  on  the  time  spent  at  the  contractually  defined  rate  of 
remuneration. At the beginning of each year the Board of Directors decides, on the total amount of variable element including the 
amount of cash and equity incentive units to be granted for the previous year based on the achievement of Company goals. Equity 
incentive units are granted based on the discretion of the Board. Variable cash compensation paid to Executive Managers in 2017 
relates to consulting fees. 

Page 16 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Compensation Report 

Equity incentive plans 
The  purpose  of  the  Company’s  share  purchase,  share  option  and  equity  sharing  certificate  programs  (refer  to  note  15  of  the 
consolidated financial statements) is to provide members of the Board of Directors, Executive Management, employees and certain 
consultants with an opportunity to benefit from the potential appreciation in the value of the Company’s shares, thus providing an 
increased incentive for participants to contribute to the future success and prosperity of the Company, enhancing the value of the 
shares for the benefit of the shareholders of the Company and increasing the ability of the Company to attract and retain individuals 
of exceptional skill. In addition, these plans provide the company with a mechanism to engage services for non-cash consideration. 
The grant of any share option or equity sharing certificate is at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Key factors considered by 
the  Board  of  Directors  in  making  grants  of  share  options  or  equity  sharing  certificates  are  the  amount  of  shareholder  approved 
conditional capital, the benchmarking with other companies as well as individual performance. The strike price is determined by the 
Board of Directors and is primarily based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the SIX Swiss Exchange on the grant 
date. The transfer of treasury shares under the share purchase plan to settle consulting services are based on predefined terms of 
the consulting contract. 

Indirect benefits 
The Company may contribute to the pension plan and maintains certain insurance for death and invalidity for the members of the 
Executive Management. New entrants may be eligible for reimbursement of relocation costs, compensation for lost benefits or stock 
granted by a previous employer, international school for children or language courses for a limited time period. No Indirect benefits 
have been paid to Executive Management in 2017. 

The  Company  has  not  granted  any  loans,  credits  or  guarantees  to  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  or  of  the  Executive 
Management in 2017. 

Page 17 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Compensation Report 

Compensation for the financial year under review (audited) 

Measurement basis for compensation 
The measurement basis for each component of compensation is described below: 
  Cash compensation, cash variable compensation and share purchase plan: accruals basis; 
  Equity incentive units: total fair value as determined at the date award calculated in accordance with the valuation methodology 

of IFRS 2; and 

  Employers’ social security: accrual basis except for equity incentive units which is based on the notional amount based on fair 

value at grant date. 

Compensation of the Board of Directors in 2017 and 2016 

2017 

Fixed  

Variable compensation 

CHF 
Vincent Lawton……...…………………… 
Raymond Hill…………………………….. 
Tim Dyer…………………………………. 
Roger Mills………………………………. 
Total………………………………………. 

cash 
compensation 
25,858 
15,341 
- 
- 
41,199 

cash 
attendance 
25,858 
15,341 
- 
- 
41,199 

number of 
equity 
incentive 
units(1) 
163,850 
100,310 
- 
- 
264,160 

value of 
equity 
incentive 
units(1) 
173,081 
105,961 
- 
- 
279,042 

Total 
2017 
224,797 
136,643 
- 
- 
361,440 

(1)  Equity incentive units include share options granted under the Company’s share option plan (refer to note 13 of the consolidated financial statements).  

2016(1) 

Fixed  

Variable compensation 

CHF 
Vincent Lawton……...…………………… 
Raymond Hill…………………………….. 
Tim Dyer…………………………………. 
Total………………………………………. 

cash 
compensation 
- 
- 
- 
- 

cash 
attendance 
- 
- 
- 
- 

number of 
equity 
incentive 
units(2) 
39,238 
23,543 
- 
62,781 

value of 
equity 
incentive 
units(2) 
62,189 
37,314 
- 
99,503 

Total 
2016 
62,189 
37,314 
- 
99,503 

(1)  On February 1, 2017, members of the Board of Directors waived their 2016 board fees totaling CHF80,000. On February 28, 2017, members of the Board of Directors were granted a total of 
62,781 options at a strike price of CHF1 per share. The compensation report reflects this post balance sheet event which has not been adjusted in the consolidated financial statements. 

(2)  Equity incentive units include share options granted under the Company’s share option plan (refer to note 13 of the consolidated financial statements).  

Compensation to the Executive Management in 2017 and 2016 

2017 

CHF 
Total Executive Management(1)….….. 

Fixed  
cash 
compensation 
49,554 

Variable compensation 

Cash(3)  
704,496 

number of 
shares(2) 
1,440,287 

value of 
shares(2) 
1,661,158 

Total 
2017 
2,415,208 

(1) 

(2) 
(3) 

The highest paid member of Executive Management in 2017 was the CEO, Tim Dyer,  who received CHF384,000 of variable cash compensation and 1,099,956 equity incentive units. The 
value of equity incentive units including accrued social charges amounted to CHF1,220,733. 
Equity incentive units include shares awarded for consulting services under the share purchase plan and options, Equity Sharing Certificates granted under the Company’s share option plan. 

  Executive managers have been engaged under consulting contracts which include hourly and daily rates with a monthly cap.  

2016(1) 

CHF 
Total Executive Management(2)……... 

Fixed  
cash 
compensation 
- 

Variable compensation 

Cash(4)  
444,234 

number of 
shares(3) 
280,132 

value of 
shares(3) 
485,507 

Total 
2016 
929,741 

(1)  On February 1, 2017, Tim Dyer waived CHF192,000 of consulting fees and on February 28, 2017 was granted 229,480 options at a strike price of CHF1 per share. The compensation report 

reflects this post balance sheet event which has not been adjusted in the consolidated financial statements. 

(2)  The highest paid member of Executive Management in 2016 was the CEO, Tim Dyer, who received CHF192,000 of variable cash compensation, 272,744 equity incentive units. The value of 

equity incentive units including accrued social charges amounted to CHF473,273. 

(3)  Equity incentive units include shares awarded for consulting services under the share purchase plan and options granted under the Company’s share option plan. 
(4)  Executive managers have been engaged under consulting contracts which include hourly and daily rates with a monthly cap.  

Page 18 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Compensation Report 

Report of the statutory auditor to the General Meeting of Addex Therapeutics Ltd 

We have audited the accompanying compensation report of Addex Therapeutics Ltd for the year ended December 31, 
2017. 

Board of Directors’ responsibility 
The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation and overall fair presentation of the compensation report in 
accordance with Swiss law and the Ordinance against Excessive Compensation in Stock Exchange Listed Companies 
(Ordinance). The Board of Directors is also responsible for designing the compensation system and defining individual 
compensation packages. 

Auditor’s responsibility 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the accompanying compensation report. We conducted our audit in 
accordance with Swiss Auditing Standards. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the compensation report complies with 
Swiss law and articles 14–16 of the Ordinance. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence on the disclosures made in the compensation report 
with regard to compensation, loans and credits in accordance with articles 14–16 of the Ordinance. The procedures 
selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatements in the 
compensation report, whether due to fraud or error. This audit also includes evaluating the reasonableness of the 
methods applied to value components of remuneration, as well as assessing the overall presentation of the 
compensation report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Opinion 
In our opinion, the compensation report of Addex Therapeutics Ltd for the year ended December 31, 2017 complies 
with Swiss law and articles 14–16 of the Ordinance. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers SA 

Yves Cerutti 

Audit expert 
Auditor in charge 

Adrien Benoit 

Geneva, April 27, 2018 

Enclosure: 
  Compensation report 2017 

Page 19 of 55 

 
 
                                                
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Consolidated Financial Statements of Addex 
Therapeutics Ltd as at December 31, 2017 

Page 20 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Balance Sheets 
as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 

ASSETS 

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts)……………...... 
Other current assets………….………………………………………….…. 
Total current assets……………………………………………………….. 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment…………………………………………….. 
Non-current financial assets……………………………………………….. 
Total non-current assets…………………………………………………. 

Total assets…………………………………………................................. 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
Current liabilities 
Payables and accruals……………………………………………………… 
Deferred income…………………………………………………………….. 
Total current liabilities……………………………………………………. 

Non-current liabilities 
Employment benefits obligations…………………………………………. 
Total non-current liabilities………………………................................. 

Equity 
Share capital………………………………………………………………… 
Share premium……………………………………………………………… 
Other reserves………………………………………………………………. 
Accumulated deficit…………………………………………………………. 
Total equity……………………………………………….......................... 

Notes 

December 31, 
2017 

December 31, 
2016 

Amounts in Swiss francs 

7 
8 

9 
10 

11 
15 

19 

12 

2,590,539 
462,805 
3,053,344 

2,751 
7,087 
9,838 

1,416,364 
242,158 
1,658,522 

17,303 
7,102 
24,405 

3,063,182 

1,682,927 

1,037,769 
439,022 
1,476,791 

243,864 
243,864 

1,249,900 
- 
1,249,900 

214,435 
214,435 

13,420,015 
264,797,104 
7,547,295 
(284,421,887) 
1,342,527 

11,563,547 
263,038,639 
6,757,887 
(281,141,481) 
218,592 

Total liabilities and equity………………………………........................ 

3,063,182 

1,682,927 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Page 21 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Notes 

2017 
2016 
Amounts in Swiss francs 

Income 
Research grants…………...………………………………….…………….. 
Other income………………………………………………………………… 
Total income………………………………………………………………... 

Operating costs 
Research and development...……………………………………............. 
General and administration….……………………………………………... 
Total operating costs……………………………………........................ 

Operating loss…………………………………………………….............. 

Finance income……………………………………………………………… 
Finance costs………...…..………………………..................................... 
Finance costs, net……………………………………............................. 

Net loss before tax……………………………………............................. 
Income tax expense…………………..……...…………………………….. 
Net loss for the year...…………………………………………................ 

Basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share  for  loss  attributable  to  the 
ordinary  equity  holders  of  the  Company,  expressed  in  Swiss 
franc …………………………………………………………………………. 

15 

16 

20 

18 

21 

464,916 
34,978 
499,894 

285,091 
126,653 
411,744 

(2,628,901) 
(1,106,049) 
(3,734,950) 

(2,461,414) 
(1,079,927) 
(3,541,341) 

(3,235,056) 

(3,129,597) 

- 
(45,350) 
(45,350) 

(3,280,406) 

(3,280,406) 

27 
(19,816) 
(19,789) 

(3,149,386) 
 - 
(3,149,386) 

(0.25) 

(0.28) 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Page 22 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Notes 

2017 
2016 
Amounts in Swiss francs 

Net loss for the year…………...………………………………….………. 

(3,280,406) 

(3,149,386) 

Other comprehensive income / (cost) 
Items that will never be reclassified to the statement of income :  
  Remeasurements of post-employment benefit obligations………….. 
Items that may or may not be classified subsequently to the statement 
of income :  
  Exchange difference on translation of foreign operations differences.. 
Other comprehensive income / (cost) for the year, net of tax …... 

19 

(9,909) 

(871) 
(10,780) 

8,731 

(107) 
8,624 

Total comprehensive income for the year……………………………. 

(3,291,186) 

(3,140,762) 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Page 23 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Amounts in Swiss francs 

Notes 

Share 
capital 

Share 
premium 

Other 
reserves 

Accumulated 
deficit 

Total 

11,025,489 

262,078,103 

6,552,733 

(277,992,095) 

1,664,230 

- 

- 

- 

12 

1,754,941 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(25,354) 

- 

- 

12 

1,930,435 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(25,573) 

- 

(3,149,386) 

(3,149,386) 

- 

8,624 

(3,149,386) 

(3,140,762) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,754,941 

(25,354) 

(230,993) 

196,530 

- 

(3,280,406) 

(3,280,406) 

(10,780) 

(10,780) 

(10,780) 

(3,280,406) 

(3,291,186) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,930,435 

(25,573) 

1,710,071 

800,188 

8,624 

8,624 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balance at 

January 1, 2016…………… 

Net loss for the 
   year………………………….. 
Other comprehensive income / 
(cost) for the year………….… 
Total comprehensive 

loss for the year………...… 

Issue of 

common shares…………… 
Cost of share capital Issuance 
capital increase………….... 

Net movement in treasury 

Value of share-based 

services.....…………………. 

Balance at 
   January 1, 2017…………… 
Net loss for the 

year………………………..… 

Other comprehensive 

Income /(cost) for the year... 

Total comprehensive 

loss for the year………...… 

Issue of 
    common shares………….… 
Cost of share capital Issuance 
    capital increase…………….. 
Net movement in treasury 

Value of share-based 
    services.....…………………. 
Balance at 

December 31, 2017……….. 

shares………....................... 

12 

(73,967) 

1,784,038 

- 

- 

800,188 

13,420,015 

264,797,104 

7,547,295 

(284,421,887) 

1,342,527 

shares………....................... 

12 

(1,216,883) 

985,890 

- 

- 

196,530 

11,563,547 

263,038,639 

6,757,887 

(281,141,481) 

218,592 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Page 24 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Notes 

2017 
2016 
Amounts in Swiss francs 

Net loss for the year...…………………………………………...…………... 
Adjustments for: 

Depreciation and amortization…………………….............................. 
(Gain) / loss on disposal of fixed assets…………………………….… 
Value of share-based services..……………………………………….. 
Pension costs…………………………................................................ 
Finance costs, net…………………….…………………………………. 
Net changes in working capital……………………………………………… 
Net cash used in operating activities….………………………………… 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment….….……………... 
Payment for purchase of property, plant and equipment….….………….. 
Interest received……………………………………………..……………….. 
Net cash (used in)/from investing activities………………………...…. 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from sales of treasury shares…………………………………… 
Costs paid on issue of shares……………………………………………..… 
Interest paid…………………………………………………………………… 
Net cash from financing activities………………...…............................ 

Decrease/(increase) in cash and cash equivalents…………………… 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year...…………………... 
Exchange loss on cash and cash equivalents…………………………….. 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year……….......................... 

9 

13 
19 
20 

9 
20 

12 

20 

7 

7 

(3,280,406) 

(3,149,386) 

15,249 
- 
800,188 
19,520 
45,350 
265,147 
(2,134,952) 

- 
(697) 
- 
(697) 

3,380,747 
(25,573) 
(171) 
3,355,003 

25,761 
(9,681) 
197,347 
27,504 
19,789 
194,279 
(2,694,387) 

9,681 
(11,221) 
27 
(1,513) 

1,523,948 
(25,397) 
(6,924) 
1,491,627 

1,219,354 

(1,204,273) 

1,416,364 
(45,179) 

2,633,601 
(12,964) 

2,590,539 

1,416,364 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Page 25 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Amounts in Swiss francs) 

1. General information 

Addex  Therapeutics  Ltd  (the  Company),  formerly  Addex  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd,  and  its  subsidiaries  (together,  the  Group)  are  a 
drug  discovery  based  pharmaceutical  group  focused  on  discovery,  development  and  commercialization  of  small-molecule 
pharmaceutical  products  for  the  treatment  of  human  health.  The  Company  is  a  Swiss  stockholding  corporation  domiciled  c/o 
Addex  Pharma  SA,  Chemin  des  Aulx  12,  CH-1228  Plan-les-Ouates,  Geneva,  Switzerland  and  the  parent  company  of  Addex 
Pharma  SA  and  Addex  Pharmaceuticals  France  SAS.  Its  registered  shares  are  traded  at  the  SIX,  Swiss  Exchange,  under  the 
ticker symbol ADXN. 

To date, the Group has financed its cash requirements primarily from share issuances and out-licensing certain of its research 
and  development  stage  products.  The  Group  is  a  development  stage  enterprise  and  is  exposed  to  all  the  risks  inherent  in 
establishing a business. Inherent in the Group’s business are various risks and uncertainties, including the substantial uncertainty 
that current projects will succeed. The Group’s success may depend in part upon its ability to (i) establish and maintain a strong 
patent  position and  protection,  (ii) enter  into  collaborations with  partners  in  the  pharmaceutical  industry,  (iii) acquire and  retain 
key personnel, and (iv) secure additional capital to support its operations. The Board of Directors (Board) believes the Group will 
be able to meet all of its obligations for the further 12 months  as they fall due and, hence, the consolidated financial statements 
have been prepared on a going concern basis. Further analysis is disclosed in note 4.1. 

These  consolidated financial statements have  been  approved by the  Board of  Directors on  April 27,  2018.  They are  subject  to 
approval by the shareholders prior to the June 20, 2018. 

2. Summary of significant accounting policies 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These 
policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

2.1 Basis of preparation 

The consolidated financial statements of Addex Therapeutics Ltd have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) and under the historical cost convention. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also 
requires management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Group's accounting policies. The areas involving a 
higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial 
statements are disclosed in note 4.  

Changes in accounting policies 
The  accounting  policies  used  in  the  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements are  consistent  with  those  used  in  the 
consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016.  The  following  new  standards,  amendments  to 
standards  and  interpretations  which  are  mandatory  for  the  financial  periods  beginning  on  January  1,  2017  did  not  have  any 
material impact on the consolidated financial statements: 
 

IAS 7, statement of cash flow (effective from January 2017). This standard has been applied for the first time for the annual 
reporting period commencing 1 January 2017 and has no impact on the consolidated financial statements. 

The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations which have been published but are not yet effective 
and have not been early adopted by the Group: 
 

IFRS 15, Revenue from contracts with customers (effective from January 1, 2018). The Group will apply this standard from 
January 1, 2018; 
IFRS  16,  Leases  (effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2019).  The  Group  will  apply  this  standard 
from January 1, 2019 and ; 
IFRS 9, Financial instruments (effective from January 1, 2018). The Group will apply this standard from January 1, 2018. 

 

 

At this stage, the Group does not expect any significant impact from new or revised standards listed above. 

Page 26 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

2.2 Consolidation 

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has 
rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the 
entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date  on which  control is transferred  to the Group.  They are  de-consolidated 
from the date that control ceases. 

Inter-company  transactions,  balances  and  unrealized  gains  on  transactions  between  Group  companies  are  eliminated. 
Unrealized  losses  are  also  eliminated  unless  the  transaction  provides  evidence  of  an  impairment  of  the  asset  transferred. 
Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the 
Group. The reporting date of all Group companies is December 31. 

2.3 Segment reporting 

Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  provided  to  the  chief  operating  decision-
maker.  The  chief  operating  decision-maker,  who  is  responsible  for  allocating  resources  and  assessing  performance  of  the 
operating segments, has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer. 

2.4 Foreign currency transactions 

Functional and presentation currency 
Items  included  in  the  financial  statements  of  each  of  the  Group's  entities  are  measured  using  the  currency  of  the  primary 
economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  operates  ("the  functional  currency").  The  consolidated  financial  statements  are 
presented in Swiss francs, which is the Company's functional and presentation currency. 

Transactions and balances 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions or valuation where items are re-measured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such 
transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  year-end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign 
currencies are recognized in the statement of income. 

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the statement of 
income within ‘finance result, net’. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of income within 
‘operating expenses’. 

Group companies 
The results and financial position of the Group's subsidiary that has a functional currency different from the presentation currency 
are translated into the presentation currency as follows: 
 
 
 

assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that balance sheet; 
income and expenses for each statement of income are translated at the average exchange rate; and 
all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. 

2.5 Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly 
attributable  to  the  acquisition  of  the  item.  Subsequent  costs  are  included  in  the  asset's  carrying  amount  or  recognized  as  a 
separate  asset, as  appropriate,  only  when  it  is  probable  that  future  economic  benefits  associated  with  the  item  will  flow  to  the 
Group  and  the  cost  of  the  item  can  be  measured  reliably.  All  other  repairs  and  maintenance  are  charged  to  the  statement  of 
income during the financial period in which they are incurred. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate 
their cost to their residual values over their estimated useful lives as follows: 

Leasehold improvements 
Computer equipment 
Laboratory equipment 
Furniture and fixtures 
Chemical library 

(over life of lease) 
3 years 
4 years 
5 years 
5 years 

The  assets'  residual values and  useful lives are  reviewed, and adjusted  if  appropriate, at each balance sheet  date. An asset's 
carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated 
recoverable amount (see note 2.7). Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount, 
and are included in the statement of income. 

Page 27 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

2.6 Intangible assets 

Acquired computer software  licenses  are capitalized on  the  basis  of the  costs incurred to  acquire  and bring to use  the specific 
software. These costs are amortized over their estimated useful lives (2 to 5 years) on a straight-line basis. Costs associated with 
developing or maintaining computer software programs are recognized as an expense as incurred. 

2.7 Impairment of non-financial assets 

Assets  that  are  subject  to  depreciation  or  amortization  are  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognized  for  the  amount  by 
which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value 
less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which 
there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash generating units). Prior impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill is 
reviewed for possible reversal at each reporting date. 

2.8 Financial assets 

The Group has one category of financial assets which is “loans and receivables”. 

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active 
market. They arise when the Group provides money, goods or services directly to a debtor with no intention of trading the loans 
or  receivable.  They  are  included  in  current  assets,  except  for  maturities  greater  than  12  months  after  the  balance  sheet  date, 
which are classified as non-current assets. Loans and receivables are included in other current assets and non-current assets in 
the balance sheet (see note 8 and 10). 

Loans and  receivables  are  initially measured  at  fair value plus transaction  costs that are directly attributable  and  subsequently 
measured at amortized cost. Amortized cost is the amount at which the loan or receivable is measured at initial recognition minus 
principal  repayments,  plus  or minus  the cumulative  amortization  using  the  effective  interest  method  of  any  difference  between 
that initial amount and the maturity amount. 

Loans  and  receivables  are  recognized  on  the  trade-date,  the  date  on  which  the  Group  commits  to  purchase  or sell  the  asset. 
Loans and receivables are derecognized when settled or when the rights to receive cash flows have expired. 

A  provision  for impairment  of loans  and  receivables is  established  when  there  is objective  evidence  that  the  Group  will  not  be 
able to collect all amounts due. The amount of impairment is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of 
estimated future cash flows discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate, and is recognized in the statement 
of income. If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively 
to an event occurring after the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after 
the  impairment  was  recognized,  the  reversal  of  the  previously  recognized  impairment  loss  is  recognized  in  the  statement  of 
income. 

2.9 Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments 
with original maturities of three months or less. 

2.10 Share capital 

Common  shares  are  classified  as  equity.  Incremental  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  new  shares  are  shown  as  a 
deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. 

Where any  Group company  purchases  the  Company's  equity  share  capital  (treasury  shares),  the  consideration  paid,  including 
any  directly  attributable  incremental  cost  (net  of  income  taxes)  is  deducted  from  equity  attributable  to  the  Company's  equity 
holders  until  the  shares  are  cancelled,  reissued  or  disposed  of.  Where  such  shares  are  subsequently  sold  or  reissued,  any 
consideration received, net of any directly attributable incremental transaction costs and the related income tax effect, is included 
in equity attributable to the Company's equity holders. 

2.11 Equity instruments 

Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the fair value of the proceeds received, net of direct issuance costs. 

2.12 Trade payables 

Trade  payables  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest 
method. 

Page 28 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

2.13 Grants 

Grants are recognized at their fair value where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Group will 
comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Grants  relating  to  costs  are  deferred  and  recognized  as  other  income  in  the  statement  of 
income over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate. 

2.14 Deferred income tax 

Deferred  income  tax  is  provided  in  full,  using  the  liability  method,  on  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases  of 
assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  However,  if  the  deferred  income  tax 
arises  from  initial  recognition  of  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  other  than  a  business  combination  that  at  the  time  of  the 
transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, it is not accounted for. Deferred income tax is determined using 
tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when 
the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the temporary differences can be utilized. 

Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, except where the timing of the 
reversal of the temporary differences is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in 
the foreseeable future. 

2.15 Employee benefits 

Pension obligations 
Group  companies  operate  various  pension  schemes.  The  schemes  are  generally  funded  through  payments  to  insurance 
companies or trustee-administered funds, determined by periodic actuarial calculations. The Group has defined benefit plans. A 
defined  benefit  plan  is  a  pension  plan  that  defines  an  amount  of  pension  benefit  that  an  employee  will  receive  on  retirement, 
usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation. Actuarial gains and losses arising 
from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized immediately in other comprehensive income 
and past-service costs are recognized immediately in the statement of income. 

The  liability recognized in  the  balance sheet in  respect  of defined  benefit  pension  plans is the defined  benefit obligation  at  the 
balance sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by an independent 
actuary  using  the  projected  unit  credit  method.  The  present  value  of  the  defined  obligation  is  determined  by  discounting  the 
estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which 
the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension liability. 

Share-based compensation 
The Group operates an equity sharing certificates’ equity incentive plan, a share option plan and a share purchase plan: The fair 
value of the services  received in exchange  for the grant  or transfer of equity  incentive  units is  recognized as an expense. The 
total  amount  to  be  expensed  over  the  vesting  period  is  determined  by  reference  to  the  fair  value  of  the  equity  incentive  unit 
granted  or  transferred.  The  fair  value  of  instruments  granted  includes  any  market  performance  conditions  and  excludes  the 
impact  of  any  service  and  non-market  performance  vesting  conditions.  Service  and  non-market  performance  conditions  are 
included in assumptions about the number of equity incentive units that are expected to vest. 

At each balance sheet date, the Group revises its estimates for the number of equity incentive units that are expected to vest. It 
recognizes the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in the statement of income, with a corresponding adjustment to 
equity. 

The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share 
premium when the equity incentive units are exercised. 

2.16 Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable 
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount has been reliably estimated. Provisions are 
measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  expenditures  expected  to  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation  using  a  pre-tax  rate  that 
reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. 

2.17 Income recognition 

Income,  which  currently  relates  primarily  to  collaborative  arrangements,  comprises  the  fair  value  for  the  sale  of  products  and 
services, net of value-added tax, rebates and discounts. Income from the sale of products is recognized when the product has 
been  delivered  and  accepted  by  the  customer  and  collectability  of  the  receivable  is  reasonably  assured.  Income  from  the 
rendering of services is recognized in the accounting period in which the services are rendered, by reference to completion of the 
specific  transaction  assessed  on  the  basis  of  the  actual  service  provided  as  a  proportion  of  the  total  service  to  be  provided. 

Page 29 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

Income  from  collaborative  arrangements  may  include  the  receipt  of  non-refundable  license  fees,  milestone  payments,  and 
research  and  development  payments.  When  the  Group  has  continuing  performance  obligations  under  the  terms  of  the 
arrangements, non-refundable fees and payments are recognized as income by reference to the completion of the performance 
obligation and the economic substance of the agreement. 

2.18 Finance income and expense 

Interest received and interest paid are classified in the statement of cash flows as interest received under investing activities and 
finance expense under financing activities, respectively. 

2.19 Leases 

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating 
leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the statement of 
income on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease. 

2.20 Research and development 

it is technically feasible to complete the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale; 

Research  and  development  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred.  Costs  incurred  on  development  projects  are  recognized  as 
intangible assets when the following criteria are fulfilled: 
 
  management intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; 
 
 
 

there is an ability to use or sell the intangible asset; 
it can be demonstrated how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits; 
adequate  technical, financial  and  other resources to complete the development and  to  use  or sell the intangible  asset are 
available; and 
the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development can be reliably measured. 

 

In  the  opinion  of  management,  due  to  uncertainties  inherent  in  the  development  of  the  Group's  products,  the  criteria  for 
development costs to be recognized as an asset, as prescribed by IAS 38, “Intangible Assets”, are not met. 

Property, plant and equipment used for research and development purposes are capitalized and depreciated in accordance with 
the Group's property, plant and equipment policy (see note 2.5). 

3. Financial risk management 

3.1 Financial risk factors 

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and capital risk. The Group's 
overall risk management  program focuses  on  the  unpredictability of  financial markets  and seeks to  minimize potential adverse 
effects  on  the  Group's  financial  performance.  Risk  management  is  carried  out  by  the  Group's  finance  department  (Group 
Finance)  under  the  policies  approved  by  the  Board.  Group  Finance  identifies,  evaluates  and  in  some  instances  economically 
hedges financial risks in close co-operation with the Group's operating units. The Board provides written principles for overall risk 
management,  as  well  as  written  policies  covering  specific  areas,  such  as  foreign  exchange  risk,  interest-rate  risk,  use  of 
derivative financial instruments and non-derivative financial instruments, credit risk, and investing excess liquidity. 

Market risk 
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various exposures, primarily with respect 
to the Euro, US dollar and UK pound. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions, recognized assets and 
liabilities and net investments in foreign operations. To manage foreign exchange risk Group Finance maintains foreign currency 
cash balances to cover anticipated future requirements. The Group's risk management policy is to economically hedge 50% to 
100% of anticipated transactions in each major currency for the subsequent 12 months. The Group has a subsidiary in France, 
whose  net  assets  are  exposed  to  foreign  currency  translation  risk.  In  2017,  a  10%  increase  or  decrease  in  the  EUR/CHF 
exchange  rate  would  have  resulted  in  a  CHF11,144  (2016:  CHF4’761)  increase  or  decrease  in  net  income  and  shareholders’ 
equity as at December 31, 2017, a 10% increase or decrease in the GBP/CHF exchange rate would have resulted in a CHF3’791 
(2016: CHF5’747) increase or decrease in net income and shareholders’ equity as at December 31, 2017 and a 10% increase or 
decrease in the USD/CHF exchange rate would have resulted in a CHF86,326 (2016: CHF32,894) increase or decrease in net 
income  and  shareholders’  equity  as  at  December  31,  2017.  Movements  in  other  currencies  would  not  have  had  a  material 
impact. The Group is not exposed to equity price risk or commodity price risk as it does not invest in these classes of investment. 
The Group's income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates. Therefore the 
Group has no significant interest rate risk exposure. 

Page 30 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

Credit risk 
Credit risk is managed on a Group basis. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks, as well as 
credit  exposures  to  collaboration  partners.  The  Group  has  a  limited  number  of  collaboration  partners  and  consequently  has  a 
significant concentration of credit risk. The Group has policies in place to ensure that credit exposure is kept to a minimum and 
significant concentrations of credit risk are only granted for short periods of time to high credit quality partners. The Group's policy 
is  to  invest  funds  in  low  risk  investments  including  interest  bearing  deposits.  For  banks  and  financial  institutions,  only 
independently rated parties with a minimum rating of “A” are accepted (see note 7). 

Liquidity risk 
The Group's principal source of liquidity is its cash reserves which are obtained through the sale of new shares and to a lesser 
extent the sale of its research and development stage products. Group Finance monitors rolling forecasts of the Group’s liquidity 
requirements  to  ensure  it  has  sufficient  cash  to  meet  operational  needs.  The  ability  of  the  Group  to  maintain  adequate  cash 
reserves  to  sustain  its  activities  in  the  medium  term  is  highly  dependent  on  the  Group's  ability  to  raise  further  funds  from  the 
licensing  of  its  development  stage  products  and  the  sale  of  new  shares.  Consequently,  the  Group  is  exposed  to  significant 
liquidity risk (see note 4.1).  

3.2 Capital risk management 

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to capital maintenance requirements under Swiss and French law, respectively. To 
ensure that statutory capital requirements are met, the Group monitors capital periodically, at the entity level, on an interim basis 
as  well  as  annually.  From  time  to  time  the  Group  may  take  appropriate  measures  or  propose  capital  increases  to  ensure  the 
necessary capital remains intact. 

3.3 Fair value estimation 

The nominal value less estimated credit adjustments of trade receivables and payables are assumed to approximate to their fair 
values.  The  fair  value  of  other  financial  assets  and  liabilities  for  disclosure  purposes  is  estimated  by  discounting  the  future 
contractual cash flows at the current market interest rate that is available to the Group for similar financial instruments. 

4. Critical accounting estimates and judgments 

Estimates  and  judgments  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

4.1 Critical accounting estimates and assumptions 

The  Group  makes  estimates  and  assumptions  concerning  the  future.  The  resulting  accounting  estimates  will,  by  definition, 
seldom  equal  the  related  actual  results.  The  estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material 
adjustment  to  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  or  may  have  had  a  significant  impact  on  the  reported  results  are 
disclosed below: 

Uncertainties and ability to continue operations 
As  discussed  in  note  1  under  “general  information”,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going 
concern basis after considering the group cash position in the light of current financial plans and financial commitments.  

Income taxes 
As disclosed in note 18 the Group has significant Swiss tax losses. These tax losses represent potential value to the Group to the 
extent that the Group is able to create taxable profits within 7 years of the end of the year in which the losses arose. The Group 
has not recorded any deferred tax assets in relation to these tax losses. The key factors which have influenced management in 
arriving at this evaluation are the fact that the Group has not yet a history of making profits and product development remains at 
an early stage. Should management's assessment of the likelihood of future taxable profits change, a deferred tax asset will be 
recorded. 

Page 31 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

Commitments and contingencies 
In assessing the need for provisions for legal cases, estimates and judgments are made by the Group with support of external 
legal advisors and other technical experts in order to determine the probability, timing and amounts involved.  

Share-based compensation 
The Group recognizes an expense for share-based compensation based on the valuation of equity incentive units using binomial 
and  Black-Scholes  valuation  models.  A  number  of  assumptions  are  made  in  these  models.  Should  the  assumptions  and 
estimates  underlying the fair value  of  these instruments vary  significantly from management's  estimates,  then  the  share-based 
compensation expense would be materially different from the amounts recognized. Had these assumptions been modified within 
their  feasible  ranges  and  the  Group  calculated  the  share-based  compensation  based  on  the  higher  and  lower  values  of  these 
ranges,  share-based  compensation  expense  in  2017  would  have  been  CHF711,856  or  CHF911,946,  respectively  (2016: 
CHF143,486 or CHF237,882, respectively). This is compared to the amount recognized as an expense in 2017 of CHF800,188 
(2016: CHF197,347). Additional information is disclosed in note 13. 

Pension obligations 
The present value of the pension obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis using a 
number of assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost for pensions include the discount rate. Any changes 
in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of pension obligations. The Group determines the appropriate discount rate 
at  the  end  of  each  year.  This  is  the  interest  rate  that  should  be  used  to  determine  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  cash 
outflows  expected  to  be  required  to  settle  the  pension  obligations.  In  determining  the  appropriate  discount  rate,  the  Group 
considers  the  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that  are  denominated  in  the  currency  in  which  the  benefits  will  be 
paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability. Other key assumptions for pension 
obligations are based in part on current market conditions. Additional information is disclosed in note 19. 

4.2 Critical judgments in applying the accounting policies 

Development supplies 
At  December  31,  2017,  the  Group  owns  development  supplies  that  have  been  expensed  in  the  statement  of  income.  These 
amounts have not been recognized on the balance sheet as an asset since they are to be used in pre-clinical and clinical trials of 
specific products that have not demonstrated technical feasibility. 

5. Segment information 

5.1 Reportable segments 

The Group operates in one segment, which is the business of developing drugs to improve human health. 

5.2 Entity wide information 

Information about products, services and major customers 
External income of the Group for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 is derived from the business of developing drugs 
for human health. Income was earned from grants, collaborative arrangements and the sale of license rights to pharmaceutical 
companies. 

Information about geographical areas 
External income is recorded in the Swiss operating company as research and development grants and other income. 

Analysis of income by nature is detailed as follows: 

Research & development grants………………………...………. 
Research services and other collaborative arrangements……. 
Sales of fixed assets and stocks of consumables.........………. 
Other service income……………………………………………... 
Total income…..……………………………………………..…… 

Analysis of income by major customer is detailed as follows: 

The Michael J. Fox Foundation (USA)……………….….……... 
Pierre Fabre Pharmaceuticals (France)………………….......... 
Multiple customers……………………….……………………….. 
Total income…………………..…………………………..……… 

2017 

2016 

464,916 
- 
- 
34,978 

499,894 

285,091 
80,676 
11,781 
34,196 

411,744 

2017 

2016 

464,916 
- 
34,978 

499,894 

285,091 
80,676 
45,977 

411,744 

For more detail, refer to note 14, “License and collaboration agreements” and note 15 “Income”. 

Page 32 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

The geographical analysis of assets is as follows: 

Switzerland………………...………………………........ 
    Current………………………………………………... 
    Non-current…………………………………………... 

Europe………………...……………………...………..... 
    Current………………………………………………... 
    Non-current…………………………………………... 
Total assets…….…………………..………………...... 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

3,130,264 
3,120,847 
9,417 

6,741 
6,320 
421 
3,137,005 

1,675,171 
1,651,152 
24,019 

7,756 
7,370 
386 
1,682,927 

The geographical analysis of operating costs is as follows: 

Switzerland…………….……………………….............. 
Europe…………………………………...…………........ 
Total operating costs (note 16) …………………..... 

2017 

2016 

3,719,191 
15,759 
3,734,950 

3,530,650 
10,691 
3,541,341 

There was capital expenditure of CHF697 in 2017 and CHF11,221 in 2016. 

6. Consolidated entities 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Addex Therapeutics Ltd and its 100% owned subsidiaries, Addex 
Pharma SA and Addex Pharmaceuticals France SAS. 

7. Cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts) 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Cash at bank and on hand……………………............ 
Total cash and cash equivalents………………...... 

2,590,539 
2,590,539 

1,416,364 
1,416,364 

In 2017, the effective interest rate on cash and cash equivalents was 0.0% (2016: 0.0%). 

Credit quality of cash and cash equivalents 
The table below shows the cash and cash equivalents by credit rating of the major counterparties: 

External credit rating of counterparty 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

P-1 / A-1………...………………………………..……... 
Cash on hand…………………………………………… 
Total cash and cash equivalents………………....... 

2,590,415 
124 
2,590,539 

1,416,195 
169 
1,416,364 

External credit ratings of counterparties were obtained from Moody’s (P-1) or Standard & Poor’s (A-1), respectively. 

8. Other current assets 

Receivables……………………………………….…… 
Prepayments…………………………………………... 
Total other current assets……………………..…... 

303,882 
158,923 
462,805 

220,723 
21,435 
242,158 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Page 33 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

9. Property, plant and equipment 

Year ended December 31, 2016 
Opening net book amount…………….. 
Disposals………………………………… 
Depreciation charge…….……………… 
Closing net book amount……………. 

At December 31, 2016 
Cost…………………........……………... 
Accumulated depreciation…………….. 
Net book value………………………… 

Year ended December 31, 2017 
Opening net book amount…………….. 
Additions………………………………… 
Depreciation charge…….……………… 
Closing net book amount……………. 

At December 31, 2017 
Cost…………………........……………... 
Accumulated depreciation…………….. 
Net book value………………………… 

Equipment 

Furniture & 
fixtures 

Chemical 
Library 

49 
11,221 
(1,927) 
9,343 

437 
- 
(437) 
- 

31,357 
- 
(23,397) 
7,960 

Total 

31,843 
11,221 
(25,761) 
17,303 

1,584,654 
(1,575,311) 
9,343 

7,564 
(7,564) 
- 

1,207,165 
(1,199,205) 
7,960 

2,799,383 
(2,782,080) 
17,303 

9,343 
697 
(7,576) 
2,464 

- 
- 
- 
- 

7,960 
- 
(7,673) 
287 

17,303 
697 
(15,249) 
2,751 

1,585,351 
(1,582,887) 
2,464 

7,564 
(7,564) 
- 

1,207,165 
(1,206,878) 
287 

2,800,080 
(2,797,329) 
2,751 

The  Group  recorded  a  depreciation  charge  in  2017  of  CHF11,541  (2016:  CHF23,381)  as  part  of  research  and  development 
expenses and CHF3,708 (2016: CHF2,380) as part of general and administration expenses. 

10. Non-current financial assets 

Security rental deposit...…………………………...... 
Total non-current financial assets…………..…… 

7,087 
7,087 

7,102 
7,102 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

11. Payables and accruals 

Trade payables…………………………...………….. 
Social security and other taxes……………………... 
Accrued expenses………………………………….... 
Total payables and accruals………………………. 

All payables mature within 3 months. 

12. Share capital  

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

383,211 
10,979 
643,579 
1,037,769 

669,678 
7,240 
572,982 
1,249,900 

Common 
shares 

Number of shares 

Treasury 
shares 

Balance at January 1, 2016……………………. 
Issue of shares – capital increase………………. 
Sale of treasury shares………………………….. 
Balance at December 31, 2016………………... 
Issue of shares – capital increase…………….... 
Sale of treasury shares…………………………... 
Balance at December 31, 2017………………... 

11,699,612 
1,754,941 
- 
13,454,553 
1,930,435 
- 
15,384,988 

(674,123) 
(1,754,941) 
538,058 
(1,891,006) 
(1,930,435) 
1,856,468 
(1,964,973) 

Total 
11,025,489 
- 
538,058 
11,563,547 
- 
1,856,468 
13,420,015 

At December 31, 2017, the total outstanding share capital is CHF15,384,988 (December 31, 2016: CHF13,454,553), consisting of 
15,384,988 shares (December 31, 2016: 13,454,553). All shares have a nominal value of CHF1. 

Page 34 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

On  May  29,  2017,  the  Group  increased  its  share  capital  by  CHF1,930,435  (1,930,435  registered shares  with  nominal value  of 
CHF1  per share) out of authorized share capital.  The  1,930,435 new  shares were subscribed by the Company’s  100% owned 
subsidiary, Addex Pharma SA at CHF1 and recorded as treasury shares.  

For the fiscal year ended December, 31 2017, the group sold 1,856,468 treasury shares (2016 : 538,058) for gross proceeds of 
CHF3,380,747  (2016:  CHF1,523,948)  and  132,096  treasury  shares  (2016:  43,264)  to  purchase  services  from  consultants 
including 66,727 shares for Roger Mills, 47,706 shares for Tim Dyer. 

On  May  27,  2016,  the  Group  increased  its  share  capital  by  CHF1,754,941  (1,754,941  registered shares  with  nominal value  of 
CHF1  per share) out of authorized share capital.  The  1,754,941 new  shares were subscribed by the Company’s  100% owned 
subsidiary, Addex Pharma SA at CHF1 and recorded as treasury shares. 

13. Share-based compensation 

The  total  share-based  compensation  expense  recognized  in  the  statement  of  income  for  equity  incentive  units  granted  to 
directors, executives, employees, consultants and investors has been recorded under the following headings: 

Research and development………………...………… 
General and administration…….……………………... 
Total share-based compensation..………………… 

511,789 
288,399 
800,188 

66,055 
131,292 
197,347 

2017 

2016 

Analysis of share-based compensation by equity incentive plan is detailed as follows: 

Equity sharing certificate plan……………...………… 
Share purchase plan……..…….……………………... 
Share option plans…………………………………….. 
Total share-based compensation..………………… 

28,588 
34,821 
736,779 
800,188 

54,652 
13,563 
129,132 
197,347 

2017 

2016 

Equity Sharing Certificate Equity Incentive Plan 

On  June  1,  2010,  the  Company  established  an  equity  incentive  plan  based  on  equity  sharing  certificates  (ESCs)  to  provide 
incentives  to  directors,  executives,  employees  and  consultants  of  the  Group.  Each  ESC  provides  the  holder  (i)  a  right  to 
subscribe for 1,000 shares in the Company, and (ii) a right to liquidation proceeds equivalent to that of shareholders. All rights of 
the ESCs expire after a 5 year period from date of grant with the ownership of the ESCs reverting to the Group. ESCs granted 
are subject to certain vesting conditions which are defined in each grant agreement. The holder of vested ESCs has the right to 
subscribe to shares at the subscription price if the underlying share price has reached the floor price. The floor and subscription 
price are defined by the Board of Directors. In the event of a change in control, all ESCs automatically vest. The Group has no 
legal or constructive obligation to repurchase or settle ESCs in cash. 

Movements in the number of subscription rights attached to the ESCs outstanding are as follows: 

At January 1……………………………………………………….. 
Granted…………………………………………………………….. 
Forfeited……………………………………………………........... 
Expired…………………………………………………………….. 
Exercised………………………………………………………….. 
At December 31……………………………………………......... 

2017 

354,433 
108,000 
- 
(78,500) 
(108,000) 
275,933 

2016 

586,587 
- 
- 
(221,758) 
(10,396) 
354,433 

At  December  31,  2017,  of  the  outstanding  275,933  subscription  rights  (2016:  354,433)  attached  to  the  ESCs,  128,533                   
were exercisable (2016: 309,837). 

Page 35 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

The outstanding subscription rights as at December 31, 2017 and 2016 have the following expiry dates, subscription prices and 
floor prices: 

At December 31, 2017                                         Subscription prices / floor prices (CHF) 

Expiry date 

1.00 / 2.30 

2.00 / 2.30 

5.00 /10.00  7.00 / 14.00 

Total 

2018……………………………... 

- 

2019……………………………... 

151,600 

2020……………………………... 

6,000 

2027……………………………... 

- 

Total subscription rights……. 

157,600 

- 

- 

- 

108,000 

108,000 

8,000 

2,333 

10,333 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

151,600 

6,000 

108,000 

8,000 

2,333 

275,933 

At December 31, 2016                                         Subscription prices / floor prices (CHF) 

Expiry date 

1.00 / 2.30  5.00 / 10.00 

6.50 / 13.00  7.00 / 14.00 

Total 

2017……………………………... 

108,000 

78,500 

- 

186,500 

2018……………………………... 

- 

8,000 

2019……………………………... 

151,600 

2020……………………………... 

6,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,333 

10,333 

- 

- 

151,600 

6,000 

Total subscription rights……. 

265,600 

8,000 

78,500 

2,333 

354,433 

Share option plans 

The Company established a share option plan to provide incentives to directors, executives, employees and consultants of the 
Group. 

On December 23, 2017 the Group granted 1,609,022 options at an exercise price of CHF2. Options vest over 4 year and expired 
in 2027. On December 31, 2016 the Group granted 175,000 options at an exercise price of CHF 2. Options vest over 4 years and 
expired in 2021.  

Movements in the number of options outstanding are as follows: 
At January 1……………………………………………………. 
Granted………………………………………………………….. 
Exercised……………………………………………………….. 
Forfeited………………………………………………………… 
At December 31……………………………........................... 

2017 
779,813 
1,901,283 
- 
(20,000) 
2,661,096 

2016 
630,107 
175,000 
(4,981) 
(20,313) 
779,813 

At December 31, 2017, of the outstanding 2,661,096 share options (2016: 779,813), 773,489 were exercisable (2016: 344,543). 

The outstanding share options as at December 31, 2017 have the following expiry dates: 

At December 31, 2017 

Expiry date 

2019………………………… 

2020……………………...… 

2021………………………… 

2027………………………… 

Total………………………… 

1.00 

- 

- 

- 

2.00 

475,126 

49,687 

105,000 

292,261 

292,261 

1,689,022 

2,318,835 

Exercises prices (CHF) 

2.08 

- 

- 

50,000 

- 

50,000 

Total 

475,126 

49,687 

155,000 

1,981,283 

2,661,096 

Page 36 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

At December 31, 2016                                                                                          Exercises prices (CHF) 

Expiry date 

               2.00         

2.08 

2019………………………… 

2020……………………...… 

2021………………………… 

Total………………………… 

475,126 

            49,687 

          125,000 

         649,813 

- 

- 

50,000 

50,000 

5.00 

80,000 

- 

- 

80,000 

Total 

555,126 

49,687 

175,000 

779,813 

The weighted average fair value of share options granted during 2017 determined using a Black-Scholes model was CHF1.08 
(2016: CHF0.78). The significant inputs to the model were: 

Weighted average share price per share at the grant date………….. 
Weighted average strike price per share……………………...………. 
Weighted average volatility / volatility………………………………….. 
Dividend yield…………………………………………………………….. 
Weighted average annual risk free rate / annual risk-free rate……… 

Share purchase plan 

2017 

2016 

CHF 2.27 
CHF 1.85 
43% 
- 

0.13% 

CHF 2.08 
CHF 2.08 
43% 
- 

0.0% 

The Group established a share purchase plan under which services are settled for shares. Under the plan directors, executives, 
employees and consultants may receive fully paid ordinary shares from the Group’s treasury share reserve for services rendered. 
During 2017, 132,096 shares (2016: 43,264 shares) were transferred to settle CHF 261,332 (2016: CHF 109,563) of consulting 
fees (2016: CHF 109,563). 

14. License and collaboration agreements 

Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. (formerly Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc). 
On December 31, 2004, the Group entered into a research collaboration and license agreement with Janssen Pharmaceuticals 
Inc.  (JPI).  In  accordance  with  this  agreement,  JPI  has  acquired  an  exclusive  worldwide  license  to  develop  mGluR2PAM 
compounds  for  the  treatment  of  human  health.  The  Group  is  eligible  for  future  payments  contingent  on  the  products  from  the 
research  achieving  certain  development  milestones.  The  Group  is  also  eligible  for  low  double  digit  royalties  on  net  sales.  No 
amounts have been recognised under this agreement in 2017 and 2016. 

15. Income 

For the fiscal year ended December, 31 2017, the Group received CHF 903,938 of grants from The Michael J. Fox Foundation 
for  Parkinson’s  Research  (MJFF).  Of  this  amount,  CHF  464,916  has  been  recognized  as  income  and  CHF439,022  has  been 
recorded in deferred income. The  grants  were  received in  instalments and  recognized as  income  over the  period necessary  to 
match it against the specific research costs it was intended to cover. 

16. Operating costs  

Staff costs (note 17)…………………………………........ 
Depreciation and amortization………………………....... 
External research and development costs…………....... 
Laboratory consumables…………………...…………….. 
Patent costs……………………………………………..…. 
Professional fees……………………………………..…… 
Operating leases……………………………………..……. 
Other operating costs……………………………............. 
Total operating costs……………………………….…… 

2017 

2016 

751,277 
15,249 
841,308 
29,764 
180,125 
1,347,913 
96,889 
472,425 
3,734,950 

587,198 
25,761 
819,330 
17,329 
480,843 
855,509 
79,639 
675,732 
3,541,341 

Operating lease contracts are renewable on normal  business terms and provide for annual  rent increases based  on the  Swiss 
consumer price index. 

Page 37 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

17. Staff costs 

Wages and salaries.…………………………………..… 
Social charges and insurances….…………...………... 
Value of share-based services (note 13)………......…. 
Pension costs – defined benefit plans (note 19)….….. 
Other employee costs……………………………..……. 
Total staff cost (note 16)………………...…….…….... 

18. Taxes 

Loss before tax……………………………………........ 
Tax calculated at a tax rate of 7.8% (2015: 7.8%)….. 
Effect of different tax rates in other countries……….. 
Expenses charged against equity…………………….. 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes…………… 
Total tax losses not recognized as deferred tax asset 
Income tax expense…………………………….…….. 

2017 

2016 

541,523 
59,749 
83,459 
63,157 
3,389 
751,277 

437,891 
49,616 
39,297 
63,020 
(2,626) 
587,198 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

3,280,406 
255,872 
(1,229) 
(1,995) 
(62,415) 
(190,233) 
- 

3,149,386 
245,652 
(616) 
(1,348) 
(17,538) 
(226,150) 
- 

The  Group  is  subject  to  Swiss  income  taxes  and  has  a  tax  loss  carry  forward  of  CHF  157,631,912  as  of  December  31,  2017 
(2016:  CHF187,037,322),  of  which  CHF77,895,747  (2016:  CHF106,995,092)  expire  within  the  next  five  years  and 
CHF79,736,135  (2016:  80,042,030)  will  expire  between  five  and  seven  years.  Tax  losses  of  CHF  32,639,886  expired  in  2017 
(2016: CHF 41,506,471). 

19. Retirement benefit obligations 

Apart from the social security plans fixed by the law, the Group sponsors independent pension plans. All employees are covered 
by these  plans, which  are  defined benefit plans.  Retirement benefits  are  based  on contributions, computed as  a percentage of 
salary,  adjusted  for  the  age  of  the  employee  and  shared  approximately  46%/54%  by  employee  and  employer.  In  addition  to 
retirement benefits, the plans provide death and long-term disability benefits to its employees. Liabilities and assets are revised 
every  year  by  an  independent  actuary.  Assets  are  held  in  the  insurance  company.  In  accordance  with  IAS  19  (revised),  plan 
assets  have  been  estimated  at  fair  market  values  and  liabilities  have  been  calculated  according  to  the  "projected  unit  credit" 
method. 

The Group recorded a pension benefit charge in 2017 of CHF 63,117 (2016: CHF63,020) as part of staff costs.  

Employment benefit obligations  
The amounts recognized in the balance sheet are determined as follows: 

Defined benefit obligation………..…………...……….. 
Fair value of plan assets…………………….………… 
Funded status………………………………..…………. 

2017 

2016 

(3,607,276) 
3,363,412 
(243,864) 

(2,152,878) 
1,938,443 
(214,435) 

The amounts recognized in the statements of income are as follows: 

Current service cost……………….…………………… 
Interest cost………………………..………...…………. 
Interest income…………………..……………….…..... 
Company pension income / (cost) (note 17)……... 

2017 

2016 

(61,375) 
(22,865) 
21,083 
(63,157) 

(61,356) 
(17,740) 
16,076 
(63,020) 

Page 38 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

The movement in the defined benefit obligations at the beginning of the year is as follows: 

2017 

2016 

Defined benefit obligation at beginning of year.....…. 
Service cost…………………………………....….....… 
Interest cost………………………………...………..…. 
Employee contribution………………………….……… 
Actuarial gain / (loss) arising from changes in 

financial assumptions.……………………………… 

Actuarial gain / (loss) arising from changes in 

demographic assumptions………………………… 
Actuarial gain / (loss) on experience adjustment…… 
Benefits paid / (deposited)…………….……..……….. 
Defined benefit obligations at end of year……….. 

(2,152,878) 
(61,375) 
(22,825) 
(38,920) 

(65,563) 

- 

45,513 
(1,311,188) 
(3,607,276) 

(2,234,012) 
(61,356) 
(17,740) 
(32,501) 

2,564 

60,261 

4,173 
125,733 
(2,152,878) 

The movements in the fair value of plan assets during the year are as follows: 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year……..... 
Interest income………………………………………..... 
Employees’ contributions……..……………………...... 
Company contribution…………..……………………… 
Plan assets (losses) / gains……..…………………….. 
Benefits (paid) / deposited…………….……..………... 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year…………… 

The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows: 

2017 

2016 

1,938,443 
21,083 
38,920 
43,637 
10,141 
1,311,188 
3,363,412 

2,038,350 
16,076 
32,501 
35,516 
(58,267) 
(125,733) 
1,938,443 

Discount rate………………………...……………......... 
Mortality tables………………..………………………… 

0.80% 
BVG2015 GT 

0.80% 
BVG2015 GT 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

The discount rate and the life expectancy were identified as significant actuarial assumptions for the Swiss pension plan. The 
following impacts on the defined benefit obligation are to be expected: 
- 

0.25% increase or decrease in the discount rate would lead to an increase of 5.30% (2016 : 4.30%) or a decrease of 4.90% 
(2016: 4.20%) in the defined benefit obligation of the Swiss pension plan ; 
+/-1 year in the life expectancy would lead to an increase of 1.78% (2016 : 1.82%) or a decrease of 1.82% (2016 : 1.86%) in 
the defined benefit obligation of the Swiss pension plan. 

- 

The  estimated  Group  contributions  to  pension  plans  for  the  financial  year  2018  amounts  to  CHF43,271.  The  following  table 
shows the funding of the defined benefit pensions and actuarial adjustments on plan liabilities: 

Present value of defined benefit obligation…………… 
Fair value of plan assets………………………………... 
Deficit in the plan………………………………………. 

Experience adjustment………………………………….. 
Actuarial (losses) / gains on plan assets…………..….. 

2017 

(3,607,276) 
3,363,412 
(243,864) 

(20,050) 
10,141 

2016 

(2,152,878) 
1,938,443 
(214,435) 

66,998 
(58,267) 

The  following  table  shows  the  estimated  benefit  payments  for  the  next  ten  years  where  the  number  of  employees  remains 
constant  : 

2018…………………......................... 
2019….........….........….........…......... 
2020….........….........….........…......... 
2021….........….........….........…......... 
2022….........….........….........…......... 
2023-2027….........….........….........… 

89’988 
90’371 
90’763 
91’711 
91’625 
466,507 

Page 39 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

20. Finance costs, net 

Finance costs……………………………..………......... 
Finance income………………………………………… 
Foreign exchange (losses) / gains…………………… 
Finance costs, net...………...………………………... 

21. Loss per share 

2017 

2016 

(171) 
- 
(45,179) 
(45,350) 

(6,924) 
27 
(12,892) 
(19,789) 

Basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  profit  attributable  to  equity  holders  of  the  Company  by  the 
weighted average  number of common  shares  in issue during  the  year excluding common shares purchased by  the  Group  and 
held as treasury shares. 

Loss attributable to equity holders of the Company... 
Weighted average number of shares in issue………. 
Basic and diluted loss per share…………………… 

2017 

2016 

(3,280,406) 
12,941,439 
(0.25) 

(3,149,386) 
11,412,301 
(0.28) 

The  Company  has  one category of dilutive potential shares  as at  December  31, 2017  and December 31,  2016: equity sharing 
certificates (ESCs) and share options. As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, equity sharing certificates and share 
options have been ignored in the calculation of the loss per share, as they would be antidilutive. 

22. Commitments and contingencies 

Operating lease commitments 

Within 1 year…………………………………………….. 
Total operating lease commitments……………….. 

11,135 
11,135 

9,861 
9,861 

2017 

2016 

Operating  lease  commitments  consist  mainly  of  rental  contracts  for  laboratories,  offices  and  related  spaces  used  by  Addex 
Pharma SA. There are no commitments over 5 years. 

Capital commitments 
As at December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Group has no contracted capital expenditure. 

Contingencies 
As  part  of  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Group  is  subject  to  contingent  liabilities  in  respect  of  certain  litigation.  In  the 
opinion of management, none of the outstanding litigation will have a significant adverse effect on the Group’s financial position 
(see note 4.1). 

23. Related party transactions 

Related  parties  include  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  the  Executive  Management  of  the  Group.  The  following 
transactions were carried out with related parties: 

Key management compensation 

2017 

2016 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits…... 
Consulting fees…………………………………………. 
Share-based compensation….……………………….. 

133,180 
737,685 
595,835 
1,466,700 

83,627 
636,234 
157,049 
876,910 

Consulting fees relate to amounts paid to Roger Mills, Sonia Poli and Tim Dyer who have delivered their services to the Group 
under consulting contracts. Tim Dyer services are delivered through TMD Advisory Ltd, a company owned and managed by Mr. 
Dyer,  which  has  been  mandated  to  provide  CEO  /  CFO  services  to  the  Addex  Group.  The  Group  invoiced  CHF34,978  of 
consulting services to TMD Advisory Ltd during the year which have been recorded in other income. 

Page 40 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements│Notes 

24. Events after the balance sheet date 

On March 28, 2018, the Company increased its share capital by issuing 13,037,577 new shares with a nominal value of CHF1 
each  at  an  issue  price  of  CHF3.13  per  share.  Of  these  new  shares,  12,917,129  were  placed  with  investors  raising  CHF40.4 
million of gross proceeds and the remaining 120,448 new shares were recorded as treasury shares, bringing the total outstanding 
issued share capital to 28,564,031. Each new share received a 7 year warrant to purchase 0.45 of a share at a price of CHF3.43. 

On January 2, 2018, the group entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement with Indivior PLC for the global development 
and commercialization of ADX71441 with an initial focus on the treatment of addiction. Under the terms of the agreement, Addex 
will  receive  USD5.0  million  upfront,  USD4.0  million  of  committed  research  funding  over  two  years,  $330  million  of  potential 
development,  regulatory  and  commercialization  milestones  and  tiered  royalties  up  to  double-digit.  Addex  retains  the  right  to 
select compounds from the research collaboration for certain indications outside addiction, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1a 
neuropathy (CMT1A). The upfront payment of USD5.0 million has been received in January 2018. 

25. Risk assessment disclosure required by Swiss law 

The Chief Executive Officer coordinates and aligns the risk management processes, and reports to the Board on a regular basis 
on risk assessment and risk management. The organization and the corporate processes have been designed and implemented 
to  identify  and  mitigate  risks  at  an  early  stage.  Organizationally,  the  responsibility  for  risk  assessment  and  management  is 
allocated to the Chief Executive Officer and members of the Executive Management and specialized corporate functions such as 
Group Finance. Group Finance provides support and controls the effectiveness of the risk management processes. Financial risk 
management is described in more detail in note 3 to the Group’s consolidated financial statements. 

Page 41 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Consolidated Financial Statements 

Report of the statutory auditor to the General Meeting of Addex Therapeutics Ltd 

Report on the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Opinion 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Addex Therapeutics Ltd and its subsidiaries (the Group), 
which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2017 and the consolidated statement of profit and 
loss, consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and 
consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements (pages 19 to 40) give a true and fair view of the consolidated 
financial position of the Group as at December 31, 2017 and its consolidated financial performance and its 
consolidated cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRS) and comply with Swiss law. 

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Swiss law, International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) and Swiss 
Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under those provisions and standards are further described in the 
“Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements” section of our report. 

We are independent of the Group in accordance with the provisions of Swiss law and the requirements of the Swiss 
audit profession, as well as the IESBA Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, and we have fulfilled our other 
ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained 
is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Our audit approach 

Overview 

Overall Group materiality: CHF 35'000 

We concluded full scope audit work at two reporting units in 
Switzerland. Our audit scope addressed 100% of the Group’s total 
expenses. 

As key audit matters the following areas of focus have been 
identified: 

Risk of fraud in related party transactions 

Audit scope 

We tailored the scope of our audit in order to perform sufficient work to enable us to provide an opinion on the 
consolidated financial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the Group, the accounting 
processes and controls, and the industry in which the Group operates. 

Page 42 of 55 

 
 
 
  
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

We designed our audit by determining materiality and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the 
consolidated financial statements. In particular, we considered where subjective judgements were made; for 
example, in respect of significant accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and considering future 
events that are inherently uncertain. As in all of our audits, we also addressed the risk of management override of 
internal controls, including among other matters consideration of whether there was evidence of bias that 
represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

The audit procedures addressed 100% of the expenses incurred by the company and all of the work was performed 
by ourselves without recourse to either other PwC offices or other professional service firms. 

Materiality 
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. Our audit opinion aims to provide 
reasonable assurance that the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement. Misstatements 
may arise due to fraud or error. They are considered material, if individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably 
be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of the consolidated financial statements. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined certain quantitative thresholds for materiality, including the 
overall Group materiality for the consolidated financial statements as a whole as set out in the table below. These, 
together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and 
extent of our audit procedures and to evaluate the effect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate, on the 
consolidated financial statements as a whole. 

Overall Group materiality 

CHF 37'000 

How we determined it 

1% of total expenses (rounded) 

Rationale for the materiality 
benchmark applied 

We chose total expenses as the benchmark because, in our view, it is 
the benchmark against which the financial performance of the 
Group is most commonly measured in its current research and 
development phase, and is a generally accepted benchmark. 

We agreed with the Board of Directors that we would report to them misstatements above CHF 3’700 identified during our 
audit as well as any misstatements below that amount which, in our view, warranted reporting for qualitative reasons. 

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the 
consolidated financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. 

Risk of fraud in related party transactions 

Key audit matter 

Although a risk of fraud exists in any business 
environment, the company’s lean management 
structure heightens the risk of fraud. In addition 
related party transactions, which comprise 
consulting fees and other arrangements with key 
management, are significant and material to the 
financial statements. The combination of these 
factors resulted in our conclusion that fraud risk 
in related party transactions should be considered 
a key audit matter. The principal source of risk is 
asset misappropriation, particularly involving 
related parties which may overcharge for services 
rendered to the Group or undercharge for services 
received from the Group. 

   How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

   We obtained evidence regarding related party 

relationships and transactions disclosed in note 
23. In particular, we inspected significant 
contracts with related parties. We understood the 
purpose, specific terms and conditions or amounts 
of the transactions with related parties. We 
reviewed approval by the Board of Directors and 
we evaluated if the transactions are properly 
accounted for and disclosed. Based on the work 
performed, we concluded that transactions are 
properly authorized, accounted for and disclosed. 

Page 43 of 55 

 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

Other information in the annual report 
The Board of Directors is responsible for the other information in the annual report. The other information 
comprises all information included in the annual report, but does not include the consolidated financial statements, 
the stand-alone financial statements and the remuneration report of Addex Therapeutics Ltd and our auditor’s 
reports thereon. 

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information in the annual report and 
we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information in the annual report and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of 
this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Responsibilities of the Board of Directors for the consolidated financial statements 
The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements that give a true 
and fair view in accordance with IFRS and the provisions of Swiss law, and for such internal control as the Board of 
Directors determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Group’s 
ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease 
operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with Swiss law, ISAs and Swiss Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Swiss law, ISAs and Swiss Auditing Standards, we exercise professional 
judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

  Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to 
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement 
resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, 
intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control. 

  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and 

related disclosures made. 

  Conclude on the appropriateness of the Board of Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 

based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that 
may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material 
uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the 
consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions 
are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or 
conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. 

  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the 

disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events 
in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

Page 44 of 55 

 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business 

activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for 
the direction, supervision and performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit 
opinion. 

We communicate with the Board of Directors or its relevant committee regarding, among other matters, the planned 
scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control 
that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide the Board of Directors or its relevant committee with a statement that we have complied with 
relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with the Board of Directors or its relevant committee, we determine those matters 
that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and are 
therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes 
public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not 
be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to 
outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements 

In accordance with article 728a paragraph 1 item 3 CO and Swiss Auditing Standard 890, we confirm that an 
internal control system exists which has been designed for the preparation of consolidated financial statements 
according to the instructions of the Board of Directors. 

We recommend that the consolidated financial statements submitted to you be approved. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers SA 

  Yves Cerutti 

Adrien Benoit 

Audit expert 

  Auditor in charge 

Geneva, April 27, 2018 

Page 45 of 55 

 
 
 
 
                                       
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Statutory Financial Statements of Addex 
Therapeutics Ltd as at December 31, 2017 

Page 46 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

Balance Sheets  
as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 

Notes 

31.12 2017 

31.12. 2016 

Amounts in Swiss francs 

ASSETS 
Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts) 
Other receivables 

Third parties………………………………………..…. 
Related parties………………………………………... 
Accrued income and prepayments………………………. 
Total current assets……………………………………… 

Non-current assets 
Investments in Group companies……………...……...…. 
Other non-current assets 

Loans to Group companies………………………… 
Total non-current assets…………………….………….. 

6 

7 

247,639 

109,203 
108,000 
8,497 
473,339 

424,280 

8 

- 
424,288 

2 

2 

3,376,827 
3,376,829 

2,449,845 
2,449,847 

Total assets………………………………………..…….... 

3,850,168 

2,874,135 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
Current liabilities 
Trade payables…...…………………………………..….... 
Other payables:  
         Third parties……………….………………….……... 
Accruals……….………………………………….………… 
Total current liabilities……………………………..……. 

Equity 
Share capital……………………………………..………… 
Share premium……………………………………..……… 
Treasury shares reserve………………………………….. 
Non-voting equity securities (*)……………..……………. 
Accumulated deficit………………………………………... 
Total equity………………….…………………………….. 

9 
11 

8 

66,576 

- 
178,410 
244,986 

15,384,988 
261,172 
2,019,877 
p.m 
(14,060,855) 
3,605,182 

110,927 

6,024 
248,128 
365,079 

13,454,553 
327,982 
1,953,067 
p.m. 
(13,226,546) 
2,509,056 

Total liabilities and equity………...….………………… 

3,850,168 

2,874,135 

(*) p.m. = pro memoria. Non-voting equity securities have no nominal value. 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

Page 47 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

Statements of Income 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 

2017 
2016 
Amounts in Swiss francs 

Operating costs 

Professional fees…………………………………...…............ 
Other operating costs…………………………………………. 
Provision for loans to Group companies……...…………...... 
Reversal of prior year provision………………………………. 
Taxes……………………………………………………………. 

(242,965) 
(151,582) 
(413,363) 
- 
50,477 

(216,835) 
(218,531) 
(1,289,864) 
- 
(132,617) 

Total operating costs………………………………………… 

(757,433) 

(1,857,847) 

Interest income…….…………………………………………… 
Interest expenses………………………………………………. 
Extraordinary non-recurring expenses…………………….… 

- 
(88) 
(76,788) 

27 
(6,924) 
- 

Net loss before taxes………………………………………… 

(834,309) 

(1,864,744) 

Income tax expense…………………..……...……………...... 

- 

- 

Net loss for the year………………………………………….. 

(834,309) 

(1,864,744) 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

Page 48 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Statutory Financial Statements 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the years 
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(amounts in Swiss francs) 

1. General 
Addex Therapeutics Ltd, formerly Addex Pharmaceuticals Ltd, was founded on February 19, 2007. 

2. Guarantees, other indemnities and assets pledged in favor of third parties 
As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no guarantees, other indemnities or assets pledged in favor of third 
parties. 

3. Pledges on assets to secure own liabilities 
As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no assets pledged to secure own liabilities. 

4. Lease commitments not recorded in the balance sheet 
As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no lease commitments not recorded in the balance sheet. 

5. Amounts due to pension funds 
As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no amounts due to pension funds. 

6. Significant investments 
Addex Therapeutics Ltd as a holding company for the Addex Therapeutics Group owns: 

Company 
Addex Pharma SA,  
Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland 
Addex Pharmaceuticals France SAS, 
Archamps, France 

Business 

Capital 

Research & development 

CHF3,987,492 

Research & development 

€37,000 

Interest in 
capital in % 

100% 

100% 

As at December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company has provided for its investments in Group companies as follows: 

Investment in Addex Pharma SA…………………………... 
Provision for investment in Addex Pharma SA………….... 
Investment in Addex Pharmaceuticals France SAS.…….. 

  December 31, 2017 

  December 31, 2016 

3,987,492 
(3,987,491) 
1 
2 

3,987,492 
(3,987,491) 
1 
2 

7. Other non-current assets – Loans to Group companies 
As at December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company has provided for its loan to Addex Pharma SA as follows: 

Loan to Addex Pharma SA…………………………………. 
Provision for loan to Addex Pharma SA………………...… 

  December 31, 2017 

  December 31, 2016 

163,488,649 
(160,111,822) 
3,376,827 

162,148,305 
(159,698,460) 
2,449,845 

The loan to Addex Pharma SA is subordinated to the claims of other creditors of the subsidiary up to CHF162,131,699. 

Page 49 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements │Notes 

8. Equity 

Share 
capital 

General reserve, from… 
…retained 
earnings 

…capital 
contribution 

Treasury 
shares 
reserve 

Accumulated 
deficit 

Total 

January 01, 2016…………… 
Issue of shares, capital 

11,699,612 

165,252,964 

(163,708,099) 

736,184 

(11,361,802) 

2,618,859 

increase………………….. 

1,754,941 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,754,941 

Transfer to treasury shares 

reserve………………….... 
Net loss of the year…………. 
December 31, 2016………… 
Issue of shares, capital 

increase………………….. 

Transfer to treasury shares 

reserve…………………… 
Net loss of the year…………. 
December 31, 2017………… 

- 
- 
13,454,553 

(1,216,883) 
- 
164,036,081 

- 
- 
(163,708,099) 

1,216,883 
- 
1,953,067 

- 
(1,864,744) 
(13,226,546) 

1,930,435 

- 

- 

(66,810) 

- 

- 

- 

66,810 

- 

- 

- 
(1,864,744) 
2,509,056 

1,930,435 

- 

15,384,988 

-                        - 
163,969,271 

- 
(163,708,099) 

- 
2,019,877 

(834,309) 
(14,060,855) 

(834,309) 
3,605,182 

On  May  29,  2017,  the  Group  increased  its  share  capital  by  CHF1,930,435  (1,930,435  registered  shares  with  nominal  value  of 
CHF1  per  share)  out  of  authorized  share  capital.  The  1,930,435  new  shares  were  subscribed  by  the  Company’s  100%  owned 
subsidiary, Addex Pharma SA at CHF1 and recorded as treasury shares.  

On  May  27,  2016,  the  Group  increased  its  share  capital  by  CHF1,754,941  (1,754,941  registered  shares  with  nominal  value  of 
CHF1  per  share)  out  of  authorized  share  capital.  The  1,754,941  new  shares  were  subscribed  by  the  Company’s  100%  owned 
subsidiary, Addex Pharma SA at CHF1 and recorded as treasury shares. 

At December 31, 2017, the total outstanding share capital is CHF15,384,988 (December 31, 2016: CHF13,454,553), consisting of 
15,384,988  shares  (December  31,  2016:  13,454,553).  All  shares  have  a  nominal  value  of  CHF1.  The  authorized  capital  and 
conditional capital as at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: 

Authorized capital………………………………………. 
Conditional capital……………………………………… 

7,692,494 
7,692,494 

6,727,276 
6,727,276 

  December 31, 2017 

  December 31, 2016 

9. Treasury share reserve 
This  reserve  relates  to  the  purchase  price  of  shares  in  Addex  Therapeutics  Ltd  held  by  Group  companies.  The  table  shows 
movements in the number of shares and the treasury share reserve: 

Balance at January 1, 2016 
Net purchases………………...… 
Balance at December 31, 2016 
Net purchases………………...… 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Number of registered 
shares 

674,123 
1,216,883 
1,891,006 
73,967 
1,964,973 

% of share 
capital 
5.76% 

14.05% 

12.77% 

Treasury shares 
reserves 

736,184 
1,216,883 
1,953,067 
66,810 
2,019,877 

10. Significant shareholders 
According to the information available, based on published notifications to the SIX, the following shareholders own 3% or more of 
the company’s share capital :  

Addex Pharma SA1……….…….. 
IFM Independent Fund 
Management AG2……………..... 

December 31, 2017 

December 31, 2016 

Number of 
shares  

Interest in 
capital in % 

Number of 
shares  

Interest in 
capital in % 

1,964,973 

12.77% 

1,891,006 

14.05% 

582,695 

3.79% 

582,695 

4.98% 

1  Addex Pharma SA, Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-Les-Ouates 
2 Addex Therapeutics Ltd shares were held by several related entities 

Page 50 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements │Notes 

11. Non-voting equity securities 
Refer to note 13 of the consolidated financial statements. 

12. Board of Directors and Executive Management shareholdings and equity incentive unites 

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, members of the Board of Directors and Executive Management held the following shares in 
the Company: 

Vincent Lawton, Chairman………………………. 

Roger Mills, Chief Medical Officer……………… 

Tim Dyer, Chief Executive Officer………………. 

2017 
Number of 
Shares 

500 

66,727 

370,882 

2016 
Number of 
Shares 

500 

7,388 

215,176 

As of December 31, 2017, members of the Board of Directors and Executive Management held the following equity incentive units 
in the Company: 

Vincent Lawton, Chairman…………………..… 
Raymond Hill……..…………………………..…. 
Tim Dyer, Chief Executive Office…………...…. 
Roger Mills, Chief Medical Officer…………….. 

Number of  
vested equity 
incentive units 
107,698 
34,119 
541,233 
12,500 

Number of  
unvested equity 
incentive units 
195,390 
115,734 
1,140,497 
152,122 

Total number of 
equity incentive 
units 
303,088 
149,853 
1,681,730 
164,622 

As of December 31, 2016, members of the Board of Directors and Executive Management held the following equity incentive units 
in the Company: 

Number of  
vested equity 
incentive units 
50,000 
8,625 
358,000 
1,042 

Number of  
unvested equity 
incentive units 
50,000 
22,375 
150,000 
48,958 

Total number of 
equity incentive 
units 
100,000 
31,000 
508,000 
50,000 

Vincent Lawton, Chairman…………………..… 
Raymond Hill……..…………………………..…. 
Tim Dyer, Chief Executive Office…………...…. 
Roger Mills, Chief Medical Officer…………….. 

13. Events after the balance sheet date 

On March 28, 2018, the Company increased its share capital by issuing 13,037,577 new shares with a nominal value of CHF1 each 
at  an  issue  price  of CHF3.13 per share. Of  these new  shares, 12,917,129 were  placed with  investors  raising  CHF40.4 million  of 
gross  proceeds  and  the  remaining  120,448  new  shares  were  recorded  as  treasury  shares,  bringing  the  total  outstanding  issued 
share capital to 28,564,031. Each new share received a 7 year warrant to purchase 0.45 of a share at a price of CHF3.43. 

Proposal of the Board of Directors for appropriation of loss carried forward 
The Board of Directors proposes to transfer the net loss of CHF834,309 into accumulated deficits. 

Page 51 of 55 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017│Statutory Financial Statements 

Report of the statutory auditor to the General Meeting of Addex Therapeutics Ltd 

Report on the audit of the financial statements 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of Addex Therapeutics Ltd, which comprise the balance sheet as at 
December 31, 2017, statement of income and notes for the year then ended, including a summary of significant 
accounting policies. 

In our opinion, the financial statements (pages 45 to 50) as at December 31, 2017 comply with Swiss law and the 
company’s articles of incorporation.  

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Swiss law and Swiss Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under 
those provisions and standards are further described in the “Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial 
statements” section of our report. 

We are independent of the entity in accordance with the provisions of Swiss law and the requirements of the Swiss 
audit profession and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Our audit approach 

Overview 

Overall materiality: CHF 28'000 

We tailored the scope of our audit in order to perform sufficient 
work to enable us to provide an opinion on the financial statements 
as a whole, taking into account the structure of the entity, the 
accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which the 
entity operates. 

As key audit matter the following area of focus has been identified: 

Risk of fraud in related party transactions 

Audit scope 
We designed our audit by determining materiality and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial 
statements. In particular, we considered where subjective judgements were made; for example, in respect of 
significant accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and considering future events that are inherently 
uncertain. As in all of our audits, we also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including 
among other matters consideration of whether there was evidence of bias that represented a risk of material 
misstatement due to fraud. 

Materiality 
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. Our audit opinion aims to provide reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement. Misstatements may arise due to fraud 
or error. They are considered material, if individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of the financial statements. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined certain quantitative thresholds for materiality, including the 
overall materiality for the financial statements as a whole as set out in the table below. These, together with 
qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our 
audit procedures and to evaluate the effect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate, on the financial 
statements as a whole. 

Page 52 of 55 

 
 
 
  
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

Overall materiality 

CHF 28'000 

How we determined it 

1% of total assets 

Rationale for the materiality 
benchmark applied 

We chose total assets as the benchmark because, in our view, it is the 
benchmark against which the financial performance of the entity is 
most commonly measured in its holding activity, and is a generally 
accepted benchmark. 

We agreed with the Board of Directors that we would report to them misstatements above CHF 2'800 identified 
during our audit as well as any misstatements below that amount which, in our view, warranted reporting for 
qualitative reasons. 

Report on key audit matters based on the circular 1/2015 of the Federal Audit Oversight Authority 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these 
matters. 

Risk of fraud in related party transactions 

Key audit matter 

Although a risk of fraud exists in any business 
environment, the company’s lean management 
structure heightens the risk of fraud. In addition 
related party transactions, which comprise 
consulting fees and other arrangements with key 
management, are significant and material to the 
financial statements. The combination of these 
factors resulted in our conclusion that fraud risk 
in related party transactions should be considered 
as a key audit matter. The principal source of risk 
is asset misappropriation, particularly involving 
related parties which may overcharge for services 
rendered to the entity or undercharge for services 
received from the entity. 

   How our audit addressed the key audit matter 
   We obtained evidence regarding related party 

relationships and transactions disclosed in note 
12. In particular, we inspected significant 
contracts with related parties. We understood the 
purpose, specific terms and conditions or amounts 
of the transactions with related parties. We 
reviewed approval by the Board of Directors and 
we evaluated if the transactions are properly 
accounted for and disclosed. Based on the work 
performed, we concluded that transactions are 
properly authorized, accounted for and disclosed. 

Responsibilities of the Board of Directors for the financial statements 
The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the 
provisions of Swiss law and the company’s articles of incorporation, and for such internal control as the Board of 
Directors determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the entity’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the entity or to cease operations, or has 
no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
Swiss law and Swiss Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can 
arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Swiss law and Swiss Auditing Standards, we exercise professional judgment 
and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

Page 53 of 55 

 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 │Statutory Financial Statements 

  Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, 
design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from 
fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
entity’s internal control. 

  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and 

related disclosures made. 

  Conclude on the appropriateness of the Board of Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based 
on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast 
significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty 
exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial 
statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit 
evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the entity 
to cease to continue as a going concern. 

We communicate with the Board of Directors or its relevant committee regarding, among other matters, the planned 
scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control 
that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide the Board of Directors or its relevant committee with a statement that we have complied with 
relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with the Board of Directors or its relevant committee, we determine those matters 
that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key  
audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure 
about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated 
in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public 
interest benefits of such communication. 

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements 

In accordance with article 728a paragraph 1 item 3 CO and Swiss Auditing Standard 890, we confirm that an internal 
control system exists which has been designed for the preparation of financial statements according to the 
instructions of the Board of Directors. 

Further, we draw attention to the fact that half of the share capital and the legal reserves is no longer 
covered (article 725 para. 1 CO). 

We recommend that the financial statements submitted to you be approved. 

Yves Cerutti 

Adrien Benoit 

Audit expert 
Auditor in charge 

Geneva, April 27, 2018 

PricewaterhouseCoopers SA 

Page 54 of 55 

 
 
 
                               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Addex Therapeutics Annual Report 2017 

Forward Looking Statements 

These  materials  contain  forward-looking  statements  that  can  be  identified  by  terminology  such  as  “not  approvable”,  “continue”, 
“believes”,  “believe”,  “will”,  “remained  open  to  exploring”,  “would”,  “could”,  or  similar  expressions,  or  by  express  or  implied 
discussions regarding Addex Therapeutics, formerly known as, Addex Pharmaceuticals, its business, the potential approval of its 
products by  regulatory  authorities,  or  regarding  potential  future  revenues  from  such  products.  Such  forward-looking  statements 
reflect the current views of Addex Therapeutics regarding future events, future economic performance or prospects, and, by their 
very  nature,  involve  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties,  both  general  and  specific,  whether  known  or  unknown,  and/or  any  other 
factor  that may materially  differ from  the  plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and  intentions  expressed  or implied  in  such 
forward-looking  statements.  Such  may  in  particular  cause  actual  results  with  allosteric  modulators  of  mGlu2,  mGlu4,  mGlu5, 
mGlu7,  GABA-BR  or  other  therapeutic  targets  to  be  materially  different  from  any  future  results,  performance  or  achievements 
expressed or implied by such statements. There can be no guarantee that allosteric modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4, mGlu5, mGlu7, 
GABA-BR or other therapeutics targets will be approved for sale in any market or by any regulatory authority. Nor can there be 
any guarantee that allosteric modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4, mGlu5, mGlu7, GABA-BR or other therapeutic targets will achieve any 
particular  levels  of  revenue  (if  any)  in  the  future.  In  particular,  management’s  expectations  regarding  allosteric  modulators  of 
mGlu2,  mGlu4,  mGlu5,  mGlu7,  GABA-BR  or  other  therapeutic  targets  could  be  affected  by,  among  other  things,  unexpected 
actions  by  our  partners,  unexpected  regulatory  actions  or  delays  or  government  regulation  generally;  unexpected  clinical  trial 
results, including unexpected new clinical data and unexpected additional analysis of existing clinical data; competition in general; 
government, industry and general public pricing pressures; the company’s ability to obtain or maintain patent or other proprietary 
intellectual property protection. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions 
prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, believed, estimated or expected. Addex Therapeutics is 
providing the information in these materials as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking 
statements contained in these materials as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by 
applicable laws. 

For more information about the Addex Therapeutics Ltd Group please contact:   

Addex Therapeutics 
C/O Addex Pharma SA 
Chemin des Mines 9 
1202 Geneva 
Switzerland 

Investor & Media Relations 
Tel: +41 22 884 15 55 
Fax: +41 22 884 15 56 
investor.relations@addextherapeutics.com 
media.relations@addextherapeutics.com 

Share Registry 
SharecommServices AG 
Tel: +41 44 809 58 58 
Fax: +41 44 809 58 59 

General Information 
Tel: +41 22 884 15 55 
Fax: +41 22 884 15 56 
info@addextherapeutics.com 

Addex on the Internet 
www.addextherapeutics.com 

Page 55 of 55