Advanced Energy Industries

Annual Report 
2018 

2018 CEO Letter to Shareholders

Dear Shareholders,

2018 was a dynamic year for Advanced Energy. The AE team executed well by both
capturing new opportunities and navigating market challenges. Our diversification
strategy was validated by the solid growth in our industrial markets and our service
business, which more than offset
the effects of a severe downturn in our core
semiconductor market. Despite the challenging environment, our market leadership,
industry-leading products and the successful execution of our acquisition strategy led
to record revenues with year-over-year growth of 7.1%.

the management

In addition to generating record revenues, we took several significant actions during
2018 which strengthened the company,
team, and the
organizational structure. We added talented executives to our senior leadership team
in the roles of Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Technology
Officer, the last two being new roles at AE. These executives allow us to broaden our
leadership capability, enhance business processes, accelerate execution and
continue to build a scalable organization. We also invested in management tools and
processes and strengthened our acquisition teams to accelerate our inorganic growth
initiatives. Our improved business structure and processes will allow us to move with
increased velocity, drive efficiencies, accelerate outperformance and reduce risk
going forward.

to the many challenges presented during 2018,
The AE team responded well
including a market downturn caused by slowing economic growth projections and
trade-limiting governmental postures and actions. Our semiconductor market reached
a cyclical peak in early 2018 after a long growth cycle. We took quick actions to
mitigate the impact of the semiconductor downturn while focusing our technical team
on accelerating innovation. To stay ahead, we innovated more quickly by increasing
engagement with our customers and developing critical technologies and solutions to
toughest challenges. Our opportunities in Industrial Technologies
solve their
applications have also been expanding, as we evolved from predominately
semiconductor-like applications in Advanced Materials to a broad set of Applied
Power applications in areas such as medical, life science, energy and industrial
production. This expansion, coupled with our underlying organic growth and our
inorganic execution, drove our Industrial revenue to nearly double over the last
two years.

Several strategic actions and decisions taken during 2018 have positioned us for
higher growth, more stable revenues, and lower operating risks. First, we executed
our inorganic growth strategy by deploying over $100 million of capital towards three
acquisitions that enhance our portfolio of products targeting Industrial Technologies

applications. Combined with the $94 million we spent on share repurchases, we
deployed the cash on our balance sheet to improve our long-term earnings trajectory.
We are excited to have LumaSense, Trek and Monroe’s electrostatic teams join
Advanced Energy. Each of these companies expands our capabilities and increases
our product and end market diversification. The integration of these organizations is
well under way, and in some cases certain integration actions were accelerated to
realize the cost savings sooner than originally planned.

Second, we expanded our global footprint, particularly around our service business,
enabling us to further grow our market share. Combined with additional products and
services, our service revenue reached another record year, resulting in 17.5%
revenue growth in 2018.

Lastly, we announced our decision to expand our manufacturing footprint into two
hubs, which will allow us to improve our business continuity profile, increase flexibility,
mitigate exposure to regional risks, and ultimately lower cost.

in their

Great companies strive to improve the lives of all stakeholders. In 2018, we took
several steps to support our employees through programs designed to increase
diversity & inclusion, upgrade working environments and invest
future
success. To inspire our employees and improve engagement, we launched a process
input and
through our global employee opinion survey to actively solicit
recommendations for improvement. We implemented a highly collaborative and
intimate customer engagement model, empowered by the commitment of our
employees. Our global team strives to outperform our customers’ expectations by
technologies and solutions in the industry. AE also actively
delivering the best
supports the communities in which we are operating, through increased engagement
with city and state governments, academia, chambers of commerce, and university
programs, as we continue to focus on developing a pipeline of future technical talent.
As an example,
in December we announced a partnership with Front Range
Community College to create a new Center of Integrated Manufacturing in Colorado
by donating cash and equipment to fund the Advanced Energy Electronics Lab.

their

I believe Advanced Energy has a bright future and unique opportunities to advance
our leading position in the power conversion markets. Our stated strategy is to grow
through both organic development and inorganic investment, which will diversify our
market exposure, stabilize our revenue trends, and increase our future growth
potential. Through focused innovation we aim to maintain and grow our technology
leadership in our core markets. Despite the recent downturn in the semiconductor
market, we remain bullish on our long-term growth potential driven by new and
innovative semiconductor device technologies and applications, and we see many
promising growth opportunities in Industrial Technologies applications.

As we embark on another year of growing and strengthening the company, our
expectations of ourselves will continue to move higher. To us, success not only is
achieving excellent financial performance, but also includes delivering outstanding
results for our customers, shareholders, communities and employees. We are

developing breakthrough technologies, enabling our customers to tackle the toughest
challenges and accelerating progress all over the world. As I look forward, with the
opportunities ahead, I cannot help but imagine a promising future.

Sincerely,

Yuval Wasserman
President and Chief Executive Officer

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Letter to Stockholders includes “forward-looking
statements” within the meanings of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements contained in this Letter to Stockholders other than
statements of historical fact, are “forward-looking statements.” For example, statements relating to our beliefs,
expectations, plans, projections, forecasts, and estimates are forward-looking statements, as are statements that
specified actions, conditions, or circumstances will continue or change. Forward-looking statements involve risks
and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the inclusion of words such as
“believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “continue,” “intend,” and similar words.
Our actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements
because forward-looking statements by their nature are subject to risks and uncertainties. Factors that could
contribute to these differences or prove our forward-looking statements, by hindsight, to be overly optimistic or
unachievable include the factors described in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. for its year ended December 31, 2018. Other factors might also contribute to the
differences between our forward-looking statements and our actual results. We assume no obligation to update
any forward-looking statement or the reasons why our actual results might differ.

[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

Í ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.

or

‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from

to

.

Commission file number: 000-26966

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

1625 Sharp Point Drive, Fort Collins, CO
(Address of principal executive offices)

84-0846841
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

80525
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (970) 221-4670
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Common Stock, $0.001 par value

Name of each exchange on which registered

NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: Yes Í No ‘
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act: Yes ‘ No Í
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes Í No ‘
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted every electronically Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such
files). Yes Í No ‘
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ‘
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting
company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer È
Non-accelerated filer ‘

‘
Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company ‘
Emerging growth company ‘
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ‘
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ‘ No Í
The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $2,263,559,280 as of
June 29, 2018, based upon the price at which such common stock was last sold on such date.
As of February 19, 2019, there was 38,203,956 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its
2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (to be filed with the Commission under Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after the end of the
registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2018).

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 1. BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PART II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER

MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK . . . .
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING

AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PART III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE . . . . . . . .
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND

Page

3
3
11
26
26
28
28
29

29
32

33
50
52

98
98
99
99
99
100

MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR

INDEPENDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PART IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SIGNATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EX-21.1
EX-23.1
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1
EX-32.2

100
100
100
100
103
104

2

PART I

Unless the context otherwise requires, as used in this Form 10-K, references to “Advanced Energy”, “the
Company”, “we”, “us” or “our” refer to Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Advanced Energy provides highly-engineered, mission-critical, precision power conversion, measurement

and control solutions to our global customers. We design, manufacture, sell and support precision power products
that transform, refine, and modify the raw electrical power from the utility and convert it into various types of
highly-controllable usable power that is predictable, repeatable and customizable. Our power solutions enable
innovation in complex semiconductor and thin film plasma processes such as dry etch, strip, chemical and
physical deposition, high and low voltage applications such as process control, analytical instrumentation and
medical equipment, and in temperature-critical thermal applications such as material and chemical processing.
We also supply related instrumentation products for advanced temperature measurement and control,
electrostatic instrumentation products for test and measurement applications, and gas sensing and monitoring
solutions for multiple industrial markets. Our network of global service support centers provides local repair and
field service capability in key regions as well as provide upgrades and refurbishment services, and sales of used
equipment to businesses that use our products.

Recent Acquisitions

In July 2017, Advanced Energy acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of

Excelsys Holdings Limited (“Excelsys”), an electronics manufacturer in Cork, Ireland. This acquisition is part of
Advanced Energy’s strategy to continue to grow and diversify its revenue in new and adjacent markets through
organic and inorganic opportunities. The high-efficiency, low voltage, configurable power supplies that Excelsys
manufactures for medical and industrial applications further enhance Advanced Energy’s product portfolio.

In February 2018, we acquired Trek Holding Co., Ltd (“Trek”), a privately held company with operations in
Tokyo, Japan and Lockport, New York. Trek has a 95% ownership interest in its U.S. subsidiary which is also its
primary operation. Trek designs, manufactures and sells high-voltage amplifiers, power supplies and generators,
high-performance electrostatic measurement instruments and electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensors and monitors
to the global marketplace. Trek’s standard and custom-OEM products are used in production and research in
aerospace, automotive, electronics, electrostatics, medical, military, nanotechnology, photovoltaic/solar, plasma,
semiconductor and test and measurement applications. Trek’s comprehensive portfolio of power supply products
strengthen and accelerate Advanced Energy’s growth in high voltage applications.

In May 2018, we acquired the electrostatic technology and product line from Monroe Electronics, Inc.
located in Lyndonville, New York. The electrostatic detection and measurement instrumentation products serve
specific areas of testing and monitoring of ionization systems across a variety of applications. In addition, the
non-contact electrostatic voltmeters and field meters complement those of Trek. Production of these electrostatic
products has been integrated into Trek’s manufacturing facility in nearby Lockport, New York.

In September 2018, we acquired LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc. (“LumaSense”), a privately held

company with primary operations in Santa Clara, California, Frankfurt, Germany, Magdeburg, Germany and
Ballerup, Denmark. LumaSense designs, manufactures and sells a line of photonic-based measurement and
monitoring solutions that are synergistic with the Company’s precision power control technologies in both
semiconductor and industrial markets allowing customers’ the ability to better control critical parameters of
thermal and material processes. The acquisition of LumaSense complements our leading pyrometry solutions
with additional fiber optic thermometry for an extended range of semiconductor applications in etch and
deposition, provides integrated industrial temperature control and metrology applications for both thin films
coating and thermal processing, and adds industrial pyrometry and gas sensing technologies.

3

For additional information, see Note 2. Business Acquisitions in Item 8 “Financial Statements and

Supplementary Data”.

We incorporated in Colorado in 1981 and reincorporated in Delaware in 1995. Our executive offices are
located at 1625 Sharp Point Drive, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525, and our telephone number is 970-407-4670.

Products and Services

PRODUCTS

Our precision power products and solutions are designed to enable new process technologies, improve

productivity, and lower the cost of ownership for our customers. These products must meet demanding
requirements in efficiency, flexibility, performance, and reliability. We also provide repair and maintenance
services for all of our products.

We principally serve global original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”) and end customers in the

semiconductor and industrial technology markets with process power and applied power products. Our process
power products are used in a diverse set of processes and applications in semiconductor device manufacturing
such as dry etch, strip, chemical and physical deposition, and in thin film application of advanced materials for
architectural glass, flat panel displays, crystalline silicon solar cells and industrial coatings. Our applied power
products are used across a variety of industrial technology applications and include high and low voltage power
supplies, power control modules, thermal instrumentation and gas detection and monitoring products.

Our process power solutions include direct current (“DC”), pulsed DC, low frequency alternating current
(“AC”), high voltage, and radio frequency (“RF”) power supplies, RF matching networks, remote plasma sources
for reactive gas applications and RF instrumentation. These solutions are used in a wide range of thin film
processes across the semiconductor applications and for deposition of advanced materials in adjacent industries
such as flat panel display, solar cell manufacturing, thin film coating, and hard coatings.

Our power control modules and thermal instrumentation products are used in the semiconductor industry,

and also in adjacent thin film applications for solar PV and light emitting diode (“LED”) industries, in which
time-temperature cycles affect material properties, productivity, and yield. These products are used in rapid
thermal processing, chemical vapor deposition, crystal growing, and other semiconductor and adjacent thin film
applications requiring non-contact temperature measurement. They are also used in many industrial production
applications for chemical processing, metal and glass manufacturing, and numerous other general industrial
power applications.

Our high voltage products are designed to meet the demanding requirements of OEMs worldwide. Our high

voltage power solutions and custom-built power conversion products offer high frequency, high voltage
topology, providing wide input and output operating ranges while retaining excellent stability and efficiencies
ranging from benchtop and rackmount systems to micro-size printed circuit board mount modules. The products
target applications including semiconductor wafer processing and metrology, electrostatic clamping of substrates,
scientific instrumentation, mass spectrometry, and analytical x-ray systems for industrial and analytical
applications.

Our gas detection and monitoring products are based on proven infrared technologies to detect and analyze

gases in a wide range of industrial applications, including automotive, energy, environmental controls, aerospace,
medical and research. Our products offer cost-effective online monitoring solution, allowing our customers to
automate manual monitoring or sampling process that will achieve process efficiency, waste reduction, and lower
costs of maintenance.

We also design and manufacture MIL-COTS power supplies that meet the high reliability and often harsh

operating environments of the military electronics industry and are ideal for use in a variety of applications,
including radar systems, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment.

4

GLOBAL SUPPORT

Our global support services group offers in-warranty and out-of-warranty repair services in the regions in

which we operate, providing us with revenue opportunities from repair, upgrades and retrofit offerings to our
installed base. Our customers continue to pursue low cost of ownership of their capital equipment and are
increasingly sensitive to the significant costs of system downtime. They expect that suppliers offer
comprehensive local repair service and customer support. In addition to product repairs our customers look for
upgrade and retrofit offerings to extend the useable life of their capital equipment for additional technology
generations. To meet these market requirements, we maintain a worldwide support organization comprising both
direct and indirect activities through partnership with local distributors primarily in the United States (“U.S.”),
the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Germany, and United Kingdom.

As of December 31, 2015, we discontinued the production, engineering, and sales of our solar inverter

product line representing a strategic shift in our business. As such, all Inverter revenues, costs, assets and
liabilities are reported in Discontinued Operations for all periods presented herein and we currently report as a
single unit. However, extended warranties historically sold and reflected as “Deferred Revenue” on our
Consolidated Balance Sheets, represent future revenue and service costs to be incurred by our global services
group and are reflected as continuing operations for historical periods and future periods. See Note 4.
Discontinued Operations in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Markets

Our products compete in markets for high tech applications using capital equipment. The majority of our
markets are not generally subject to seasonality; however, these markets are cyclical due to sudden changes in
customers’ manufacturing capacity requirements and spending, which depend in part on capacity utilization,
demand for customers’ products, inventory levels relative to demand, government incentives and subsidies, and
access to affordable capital. Other factors, such as global economic and market conditions and technological
advances in the applications we serve can also have an impact on our financial results, both positively and
negatively. For more information related to the markets in which we compete and the current environment in
those markets, see Business Environment and Trends in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

SEMICONDUCTOR MARKET

Customers in the semiconductor capital equipment market incorporate our products into equipment that
make integrated circuits. Our process power conversion products and systems provide the energy to enable thin
film plasma-based processes, such as dry etch, strip, chemical and physical deposition. Our high voltage products
are used in applications such as ion implant, wafer inspection and metrology, electrostatic measurement, and
electrostatic clamping of the wafers. Our thermal instrumentation products measure the temperature of the
processed substrate or the process chamber. Our power control modules are used in rapid thermal processing
applications and for epitaxial growth applications for use in photonics, microelectronics, and photovoltaics. Our
remote plasma sources deliver ionized gases for reactive chemical processes used in cleaning, surface treatment,
and gas abatement. Precise control over the energy delivered to plasma-based processes enables the production of
integrated circuits with reduced feature sizes and increased speed and performance. Our strategy in the
semiconductor market is to expand our content of power related products and grow share.

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY MARKETS

Customers in our industrial technology markets incorporate our products into a variety of production
equipment for the processing of advanced materials, standalone instrumentation or devices, and measurement
systems for temperature, electrostatic or other power related measurements. Our industrial technology markets
include medical and life science, consumer and computing, and industrial production and energy. In the medical

5

and life science industry, our low voltage products and solutions are used in clinical diagnostic equipment,
medical lasers, X-ray machines, CT-scanners and MRI scanners, and scientific instrumentation. In the consumer
and computing markets, our solutions are used in flat panel display applications and thin-film hard and optical
coatings on a variety of materials used in consumer electronics products. In industrial production and energy our
products are used in glass and metal manufacturing as well as thin film solar PV applications.

Our industrial technology products fall into two broad categories; Advanced Materials applications, and

Applied Power applications.

Advanced Materials applications utilize our process power technologies in non-semiconductor applications
including glass coating, glass manufacturing, flat panel displays, solar cell manufacturing, and similar thin film
manufacturing, including data storage, decorative, hard and optical coating and utilized the same technologies
used in the semiconductor market to deposit films on non-semiconductor substrates. Our strategy in Advanced
Materials is to leverage our thin film deposition technologies into a broadening set of new materials and
applications in adjacent markets.

Applied Power applications represent mission critical power components that deliver high reliability,
precise, low noise or differentiated power to the equipment they serve. These include power control modules and
thermal instrumentation products for material fabrication, processing and treatment, high voltage products for
analytical instrumentation, medical equipment and industrial applications, and low voltage applications for
medical devices, test and measurement, medical lasers and scientific instrumentation. Our gas monitoring and
measurement products serve multiple applications in the energy market, air quality monitoring and automobile
emission monitoring and testing. Our strategy in Applied Power is to grow and expand our addressable market
both organically through our global distribution channels and through acquisitions of products and technologies
that are complimentary and adjacent to our core power conversion applications.

Customers

Our products are sold worldwide to approximately 370 OEMs and integrators and directly to more than
1,500 end users. Our ten largest customers accounted for approximately 62.5% of our sales in 2018, 70.4% of our
sales in 2017, and 67.7% of our sales in 2016. We expect that the sale of products to our largest customers will
continue to account for a significant percentage of our sales for the foreseeable future.

Applied Materials Inc., our largest customer, accounted for 35.9% of our sales in 2018, 33.5% of our sales
in 2017, and 35.2% of our sales in 2016. Lam Research accounted for 15.2% of our sales in 2018, 23.1% of our
sales in 2017, and 20.7% of our sales in 2016. No other customer accounted for greater than 10% of our sales in
2018, 2017, or 2016. The loss of Applied Materials, Inc. or Lam Research as a customer could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations.

Backlog

Our backlog was approximately $74.7 million at December 31, 2018, a 43.1% decrease from $131.3 million

at December 31, 2017. This decrease primarily resulted from slowing demand in the semiconductor market. For
more information related to our expectations for the markets we serve, see Business Environment and Trends in
Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Backlog
orders are firm orders scheduled to be filled and shipped in the next 12 months.

Backlog orders are not necessarily an indicator of future sales levels because of variations in lead times and

customer production demand pull systems, which are not reflected in orders or backlog. Customers may delay
delivery of products or cancel orders prior to shipment, subject to possible cancellation penalties. Delays in
delivery schedules and/or customer changes to backlog orders during any particular period could cause a
decrease in sales and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

6

Marketing, Sales and Distribution

We sell our products through direct and indirect sales channels in North America, Europe and Asia. Our

sales operations are primarily located in the United States, the PRC, the United Kingdom, Germany, Israel,
Japan, South Korea, India, Singapore and Taiwan. In addition to a direct sales force, we have independent sales
representatives and distributors that support our selling efforts. We maintain customer service offices at many of
the locations listed above, as well as other sites near our customers’ locations. We believe that customer service
and technical support are important competitive factors and are essential to building and maintaining close, long-
term relationships with our customers.

The following table presents our sales by geographic region for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017,

and 2016, which includes a reclassification in prior periods to conform to the current presentation. Sales are
attributed to individual countries based on customer location.

Sales to external customers:
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other North American countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Republic of Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
People’s Republic of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Asian countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other European countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Years ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$370,839
1,995

$375,907
1,440

$327,397
161

372,834
74,542
61,927
114,105

250,574
39,710
55,083

94,793

691

377,347
83,899
46,099
91,692

221,690
30,517
41,279

71,796

179

327,558
43,359
16,207
34,279

93,845
48,589
13,712

62,301

—

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892

$671,012

$483,704

Total sales to all countries outside of the U.S. totaled $348.1 million, $295.1 million, and $156.3 million in

the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

See Item 1A “Risk Factors” for a discussion of certain risks related to our foreign operations.

Manufacturing

The manufacturing of our products is performed in Shenzhen, PRC; Ronkonkoma and Lockport, New York;

Santa Clara, California; Littlehampton, United Kingdom; Frankfurt, Germany; Ballerup, Denmark; and
Vancouver, Washington. Manufacturing in these locations, primarily the PRC, exposes us to risks, such as
exchange controls and currency restrictions, changes in local economic conditions, changes in laws and
regulations, government actions, political conditions, and an inability to meet customer demands if one of our
facilities becomes impaired.

Manufacturing requires raw materials, including a wide variety of mechanical and electrical components, to
be manufactured to our specifications. We use numerous companies, including contract manufacturers, to supply
parts for the manufacture and support of our products. Although we make reasonable efforts to assure that parts
are available from multiple qualified suppliers, some key parts may be obtained from a sole supplier or a limited

7

group of suppliers. We seek to reduce costs and to lower the risks of production and service interruptions, as well
as shortages of key parts by:

•

selecting and qualifying alternate suppliers for key parts using rigorous technical and commercial
evaluation of suppliers’ products and business processes including testing their components’
performance, quality, and reliability on our power conversion product at our customers’ and their
customer’s processes. The qualification process for our process power products, particularly as it
pertains to semiconductor customers, follows semiconductor industry standard practices, such as “copy
exact”;

• monitoring the financial condition and overall performance of key suppliers;

• maintaining appropriate inventories of key parts, including making last time purchases of key parts

when notified by suppliers that they are ending the supply of those parts;

•

•

•

qualifying new parts on a timely basis and in geographies that reduce costs without degradation in
quality;

locating certain manufacturing operations in areas that are closer to suppliers and customers; and

competitively sourcing parts through electronic bidding tools to ensure the lowest total cost is achieved
for the parts needed in our products.

Intellectual Property

We seek patent protection for inventions governing new products or technologies as part of our ongoing
research and development. We currently hold 140 United States patents and 137 foreign-issued patents, and have
30 patent applications pending in the United States, Europe and Asia. A substantial majority of our patents are
related to our process power products and solutions business. Generally, our efforts to obtain international
patents have been concentrated in the industrialized countries within Europe and Asia because there are other
manufacturers and developers of power conversion and control systems in those countries, as well as customers
for those systems for which our intellectual property applies.

Litigation may, from time to time, be necessary to enforce patents issued to us, to protect trade secrets or
know-how owned by us, to defend us against claimed infringement of the rights of others, or to determine the
scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others. See “We are highly dependent on our intellectual property”
in Item 1A “Risk Factors.”

Competition

The markets we serve are highly competitive and characterized by rapid technological development and
changing customer requirements. No single company dominates any of our markets. Significant competitive
factors in our markets include product performance, compatibility with adjacent products, price, quality,
reliability, and level of customer service and support.

We have seen an increase in global competition in the markets in which we compete, especially from Asian

and European-based component suppliers. We encounter substantial competition from foreign and domestic
companies for each of our product lines. Some of our competitors have greater financial and other resources than
we do. In some cases, competitors are smaller than we are, but are well established in specific product niches.
Adtec Plasma Tech. Co., Ltd., COMET Holding AG., Daihen Corp., Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd., MKS
Instruments, Inc., New Power Plasma Co., Ltd., and TRUMPF Hüttinger GmbH + Co. KG., compete with our
power conversion products for semiconductor and thin film processing. Crane Co., Matsusada Precision, Inc.,
and Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corp. offer products that compete with our high voltage products. CD
Automation, Eurotherm, Control Concepts Inc., and Spang Power Electronics offer products that compete with
our power control modules. Artesyn Embedded Technologies, Cosel Co., Ltd., Mean Well, TKD-Lambda

8

Americas Inc., Vox Power and XP Power Ltd. compete with our low voltage products. BASF SE., Fluke Corp.,
LayTec AG., and Photon Control Inc., offer products that compete with our thermal measurement and
instrumentation products. Honeywell International, Inc., Morgan Schaffer Ltd., Qualitrol Corp., and Williamson
Corp. offer products that compete with our gas detection and monitoring products.

Additionally, a focus on local content is causing new competitors to emerge around the world, with strong

support from local governments, industry leaders, and investors.

Our ability to continue to compete successfully in these markets depends on our ability to make timely

introduction of new products and enhancements to existing products, to localize these development and
production activities in key world regions, and to produce high quality products. We expect our competitors will
continue to improve the design and performance of their products and introduce new products with competitive
performance characteristics. We believe that we compete effectively with respect to these factors, although we
cannot assure that we will be able to compete effectively in the future.

Research and Development

The market for our precision power conversion, thermal, and high voltage products is characterized by
ongoing technological changes. We believe that continued and timely development of new highly-differentiated
products and enhancements to existing products to support end user and OEM requirements is necessary for us to
maintain a competitive position in the markets we serve. Accordingly, we continue to devote a significant portion
of our personnel and financial resources to research and development projects and seek to maintain close
relationships with our key customers and other industry leaders in order to remain responsive to their product
requirements now and in the future.

Research and development expenses were $76.0 million in 2018, $58.0 million in 2017, and $44.4 million in

2016, representing 10.6% of our sales in 2018, 8.6% of our sales in 2017, and 9.2% of our sales in 2016.

Employees

As of December 31, 2018, we had a total of 2,259 employees. Our employees are not represented by unions,

except for statutory organization rights applicable to our employees in the PRC and Germany. We believe that
our continued success depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. We consider our
relations with our employees to be good.

Effect of Environmental Laws

We are subject to federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations, as well as the environmental

laws and regulations of the foreign federal and local jurisdictions in which we have manufacturing and service
facilities. We believe we are in material compliance with all such laws and regulations.

Compliance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations has not had, and is not expected to have, an

adverse effect on our capital expenditures, competitive position, financial condition, or results of operations.

Website Access

Our website address is www.advancedenergy.com. We make available, free of charge on our website, our
Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments
to these reports as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such reports with, or furnishing them to, the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Such reports are also available at www.sec.gov. Information
contained on our website is not incorporated by reference in, or otherwise part of, this Annual Report on
Form 10-K nor any of our other filings with the SEC.

9

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes or incorporates by reference “forward-looking statements”
within the meanings of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report
on Form 10-K, other than statements of historical fact, are “forward-looking statements.” For example,
statements relating to our beliefs, expectations, plans, projections, forecasts, goals, and estimates are forward-
looking statements, as are statements that specified actions, conditions, or circumstances will continue or change.
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be
identified by the inclusion of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “may,”
“might,” “could,” “should,” “will,” “continue,” “intend,” “goal,” and similar words.

Some of the forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are, or reflect, our

expectations or projections relating to:

•

•

•

•

•

•

our future revenues;

our future sales, including backlog orders;

our ability to be successful in the design win process with our OEM customers;

unanticipated costs in fulfilling our warranty obligations for solar inverters;

our future gross profit;

our competition;

• market acceptance of, and demand for, our products;

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

the fair value of our assets and financial instruments;

research and development expenses;

selling, general, and administrative expenses;

sufficiency and availability of capital resources;

capital expenditures;

our production and factory strategy;

our share repurchase program;

our tax assets and liabilities;

our other commitments and contingent liabilities;

adequacy of our reserve for excess and obsolete inventory;

adequacy of our warranty reserves;

restructuring activities and expenses;

the integration of our acquisitions;

general global political and economic conditions; and

industry trends.

Our actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements

because forward-looking statements by their nature are subject to risks and uncertainties. Factors that could
contribute to these differences or prove our forward-looking statements, by hindsight, to be overly optimistic or
unachievable include the factors described in Item 1A “Risk Factors.” Other factors might also contribute to the
differences between our forward-looking statements and our actual results. We assume no obligation to update
any forward-looking statement or the reasons why our actual results might differ.

10

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows can be impacted by a number of factors,

including, but not limited to, those set forth below, any of which could cause our results to be adversely impacted
and could result in a decline in the value or loss of an investment in our common stock. Other factors may also
exist that we cannot anticipate or that we currently do not consider to be significant based on information that is
currently available. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to materially affect our business, financial
condition, results of operations, cash flows and future results. Such risks and uncertainties may also impact the
accuracy of forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K and other reports we file with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. Investors should carefully consider information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K
in light of the risk factors described below.

The industries in which we compete are subject to volatile and unpredictable cycles.

As a supplier to the global semiconductor, flat panel display, solar, industrial and related industries, we are
subject to business cycles, the timing, length, and volatility of which can be difficult to predict. These industries
historically have been cyclical due to sudden changes in customers’ manufacturing capacity requirements and
spending, which depend in part on capacity utilization, demand for customers’ products, inventory levels relative
to demand, and access to affordable capital. These changes have affected the timing and amounts of customers’
purchases and investments in technology, and continue to affect our orders, net sales, operating expenses, and net
income. In addition, we may not be able to respond adequately or quickly to the declines in demand by reducing
our costs. We may be required to record significant reserves for excess and obsolete inventory as demand for our
products changes.

To meet rapidly changing demand in each of the industries we serve, we must effectively manage our
resources and production capacity. During periods of decreasing demand for our products, we must be able to
appropriately align our cost structure with prevailing market conditions, effectively manage our supply chain,
and motivate and retain key employees. During periods of increasing demand, we must have sufficient
manufacturing capacity and inventory to fulfill customer orders, effectively manage our supply chain, and attract,
retain, and motivate a sufficient number of qualified individuals. If we are not able to timely and appropriately
adapt to changes in our business environment or to accurately assess where we are positioned within a business
cycle, our business, financial condition, or results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

We conduct manufacturing at only a few sites and our sites are not generally interchangeable.

Our power products for the semiconductor industry are manufactured in Shenzhen, PRC. Our high voltage

products are manufactured in Ronkonkoma and Lockport, New York, Littlehampton, United Kingdom and
Shenzhen, PRC. Our thermal instrumentation products are manufactured in Vancouver, Washington, Santa Clara,
California, Littlehampton, United Kingdom and Frankfurt, Germany. Our pyrometry solutions are manufactured
in Ballerup, Denmark. Each facility is under operating lease and interruptions in operations could be caused by
early termination of existing leases by landlords or failure by landlords to renew existing leases upon expiration,
including the possibility that suitable operating locations may not be available in proximity to existing facilities
which could result in labor or supply chain risks. Each facility manufactures different products, and therefore, is
not interchangeable. Natural, uncontrollable occurrences or other operational issues at any of our manufacturing
facilities could significantly reduce our productivity at such site and could prevent us from meeting our
customers’ requirements in a timely manner, or at all. Any potential losses from such occurrences could
significantly affect our relationship with customers, operations and results of operations for a prolonged period of
time. As a result, we have begun investing in the evaluation of additional production options in Southeast Asia.
We believe this investment will help to mitigate our exposure to regional risks, improve our business continuity
profile and lower costs over time.

Our restructuring and other cost reduction efforts have included transitioning manufacturing operations to
our facility in Shenzhen from other manufacturing facilities, such as Fort Collins, Colorado and Littlehampton,

11

United Kingdom, which renders us increasingly reliant upon our Shenzhen facility. We have been notified that
we will be required to relocate our Shenzhen, PRC manufacturing facility by December 2021. A disruption in
manufacturing at our Shenzhen facility, from whatever cause, could have a significantly adverse effect on our
ability to fulfill customer orders, our ability to maintain customer relationships, our costs to manufacture our
products and, as a result, our results of operations and financial condition.

Our evolving manufacturing footprint may increase our risk.

The nature of our manufacturing is evolving as we continue to grow by acquisition. Historically, our

principal manufacturing location has been in Shenzhen, PRC; however, we have also added specialized
manufacturing at our Littlehampton, United Kingdom, Ballerup, Denmark, Frankfurt, Germany, Ronkonkoma
and Lockport, New York and Santa Clara, California facilities. From time to time we may be required to relocate
manufacturing or migrate manufacturing of specific products between facilities or to third party manufacturers.
We have been notified that we will be required to relocate our Shenzhen, PRC manufacturing facility by
December 2021. If we do not successfully coordinate the timely manufacturing and distribution of our products
during this time, we may have insufficient supply of products to meet customer demand, we could lose sales, we
may experience a build-up in inventory, or we may incur additional costs.

Raw material, part, component, and subassembly shortages, exacerbated by our dependence on sole and
limited source suppliers, could affect our ability to manufacture products and systems and could delay our
shipments.

Our business depends on our ability to manufacture products that meet the rapidly changing demands of our

customers. Our ability to timely manufacture our products depends in part on the timely delivery of raw
materials, parts, components, and subassemblies from suppliers. We rely on sole and limited source suppliers for
some of our raw materials, parts, components, and subassemblies that are critical to the manufacturing of our
products.

This reliance involves several risks, including the following:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

the inability to obtain an adequate supply of required parts, components, or subassemblies;

supply shortages, if a sole or limited source provider ceases operations;

the need to fund the operating losses of a sole or limited source provider;

reduced control over pricing and timing of delivery of raw materials and parts, components, or
subassemblies;

the need to qualify alternative suppliers;

suppliers that may provide parts, components or subassemblies that are defective, contain counterfeit
goods or are otherwise misrepresented to us in terms of form, fit or function;

the inability of our suppliers to develop technologically advanced products to support our growth and
development of new products; and

the impact of geopolitical issues or tariffs that could affect the cost and availability of required parts,
components, or subassemblies.

From time to time, our sole or limited source suppliers have given us notice that they are ending supply of

critical parts, components, and subassemblies that are required for us to deliver product. If we cannot qualify
alternative suppliers before ending supply of critical parts from the sole or limited source suppliers, we may be
required to make a last-time-buy(s) and take possession of material amounts of inventory in advance of customer
demand. In some instances, the last-time-buy materials required to be purchased may be for several years which
in turn exposes us to additional excess and obsolescence risk. If we cannot qualify alternative suppliers before the
last-time-buy materials are utilized in our products or legacy inverter warranty operations, we may be unable to
deliver further product or legacy inverter warranty service to our customers.

12

Qualifying alternative suppliers could be time consuming and lead to delays in, or prevention of delivery of
products to our customers, as well as increased costs. If we are unable to qualify additional suppliers and manage
relationships with our existing and future suppliers successfully, if our suppliers experience financial difficulties
including bankruptcy, or if our suppliers cannot meet our performance or quality specifications or timing
requirements, we may experience shortages, delays, or increased costs of raw materials, parts, components, or
subassemblies. This in turn could limit or prevent our ability to manufacture and ship our products, which could
materially and adversely affect our relationships with our current and prospective customers and our business,
financial condition, and results of operations.

Our orders of raw materials, parts, components, and subassemblies are based on demand forecasts.

We place orders with many of our suppliers based on our customers’ quarterly forecasts and our annual

forecasts. These forecasts are based on our customers’ and our expectations as to demand for our products. As
the quarter and the year progress, such demand can change rapidly or we may realize that our customers’
expectations were overly optimistic or pessimistic, especially when industry or general economic conditions
change. Orders with our suppliers cannot always be amended in response. In addition, in order to assure
availability of certain components or to obtain priority pricing, we have entered into contracts with some of our
suppliers that require us to purchase a specified amount of components and subassemblies each quarter, even if
we are not able to use such components or subassemblies. Moreover, we have obligations to some of our
customers to hold a minimum amount of finished goods in inventory, in order to fulfill just in time orders,
regardless of whether the customers expect to place such orders. We currently have firm purchase commitments
and agreements with various suppliers to ensure the availability of components. If demand for our products does
not continue at current levels, we might not be able to use all of the components that we are required to purchase
under these commitments and agreements, and our reserves for excess and obsolete inventory may increase,
which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. If demand for our products exceeds our
customers’ and our forecasts, we may not be able to timely obtain sufficient raw materials, parts, components, or
subassemblies, on favorable terms or at all, to fulfill the excess demand.

Newly enacted U.S. government tax reform could have a negative impact on the results of future operations.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was enacted which contained
substantial changes to the Internal Revenue Code, some of which could have an adverse effect on our business.
The Tax Act significantly revises the U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering corporate
income tax rates, implementing the territorial tax system and imposing a transition tax on deemed repatriated
earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. In conjunction with the Tax Act, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin
No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”), which allowed for the
recording of provisional amounts related to the Tax Act and subsequent adjustments related to Tax Act during an
up to one-year measurement period. The Company recorded what it believed to be reasonable estimates during
the SAB 118 measurement period which lasted from December 2017 to December 2018. During the quarter
ended December 31, 2018, the Company finalized the accounting treatment of the income tax effects of the Tax
Act. Although the SAB 118 measurement period has ended, there may be some aspects of the Tax Act that
remain subject to future regulations and/or notices which may further clarify certain provisions. The Company
may need to adjust its previously recorded amounts to reflect the recognition and measurement of its tax
accounting positions in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. These adjustments may have a material
impact to our future results of operations.

Significant developments stemming from recent U.S. government actions and proposals concerning tariffs and
other economic proposals could have a material adverse effect on us.

Recent U.S. government actions are imposing greater restrictions and economic disincentives on

international trade, particularly imports. The U.S. government has adopted changes, and intends to adopt further
changes, to trade policy and in some cases, to renegotiate, or potentially terminate, certain existing bilateral or

13

multi-lateral trade agreements. It has also initiated the imposition of additional tariffs on certain foreign goods,
including steel and aluminum, semiconductor manufacturing equipment and spare parts thereof.

Examples of recent actions are tariffs on steel and aluminum product imports announced by the U.S.
Department of Commerce in March 2018 and a 25% tariff on certain products that originate in China announced
by the United States Trade Representative (“USTR”) in June 2018. The USTR also announced in June and July
2018 two additional supplemental lists of products that are subject to tariffs if the goods imported into the United
States originate in China, which would increase the cost of imported products. These supplemental lists issued by
the USTR issued an additional 25% and 10% duty, respectively, on certain semiconductor equipment and parts
originating in China that are sold by us or used in our business in the United States. In August, the second list
was made effective with a 25% tariff and in September the third list was made effective with a 10% tariff, with a
plan to increase to 25% in March 2019. In the fourth quarter of 2018, these tariffs had an approximate 60 basis
point impact to our gross margins. Any increase in the cost of importing such goods and parts could decrease our
margins, reduce the competitiveness of our products, or inhibit our ability to sell products or purchase necessary
parts, which could have a material adverse effect on our business results, results of operations, or financial
condition.

Changes in U.S. trade policy could result in one or more U.S. trading partners adopting responsive trade
policy making it more difficult or costly for us to export our products to those countries. As indicated above,
these measures could also result in increased costs for goods imported into the U.S. This in turn could require us
to increase prices to our customers which may reduce demand, or, if we are unable to increase prices, result in
lowering our margin on goods and services sold. To the extent that trade tariffs and other restrictions imposed by
the U.S. increase the price of semiconductor equipment and related parts imported into the U.S., the cost of our
materials may be adversely affected and the demand from customers for products and services may be
diminished, which could adversely affect our revenues and profitability.

We cannot predict future trade policy, the terms of any renegotiated trade agreements or additional imposed

tariffs and their impact on our business. The adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, the occurrence of a
trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements or policies has the potential to
adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, our customers, our suppliers, and the U.S. economy, which
in turn could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or in laws and policies governing
foreign trade, manufacturing, development and investment in the territories and countries where we currently
develop and sell products, and any negative sentiments towards the United States as a result of such changes,
could adversely affect our business. In addition, negative sentiments towards the United States among non-U.S.
customers and among non-U.S. employees or prospective employees could adversely affect sales or hiring and
retention, respectively.

Increased governmental action on income tax regulations could negatively impact our business.

International governments have heightened their review and scrutiny of multinational businesses like ours

which could increase our compliance costs and future tax liability to those governments. As governments
continue to look for ways to increase their revenue streams they could increase audits of companies to accelerate
the recovery of monies perceived as owed to them under current or past regulations. Such an increase in audit
activity could have a negative impact on companies which operate internationally, as we do.

Activities necessary to integrate acquisitions may result in costs in excess of current expectations or be less
successful than anticipated.

We have completed acquisitions in the past and we may acquire other businesses in the future. The success
of such transactions will depend on, among other things, our ability to integrate assets and personnel acquired in

14

these transactions and to apply our internal controls process to these acquired businesses. The integration of
acquisitions may require significant attention from our management, and the diversion of management’s attention
and resources could have a material adverse effect on our ability to manage our business. Furthermore, we may
not realize the degree or timing of benefits we anticipated when we first entered into the acquisition transaction.
If actual integration costs are higher than amounts originally anticipated, if we are unable to integrate the assets
and personnel acquired in an acquisition as anticipated, or if we are unable to fully benefit from anticipated
synergies, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely
affected.

We have historically made acquisitions and divestitures. However, we may not find suitable acquisition
candidates in the future and we may not be able to successfully integrate and manage acquired businesses. In
either an acquisition or a divestiture, we may be required to make fundamental changes in our ERP, business
processes and tools which could disrupt our core business and harm our financial condition.

In the past, we have made strategic acquisitions of other corporations and entities, as well as asset

purchases, and we continue to evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of complementary companies, products,
and technologies. We have also divested businesses. In the future, we could:

•

•

•

•

•

issue stock that would dilute our current stockholders’ percentage ownership;

pay cash that would decrease our working capital;

incur debt;

assume liabilities; or

incur expenses related to impairment of goodwill and amortization.

Acquisitions and divestitures also involve numerous risks, including:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

problems combining or separating the acquired/divested operations, systems, technologies, or products;

an inability to realize expected sales forecasts, operating efficiencies or product integration benefits;

difficulties in coordinating and integrating geographically separated personnel, organizations, systems,
and facilities;

difficulties integrating business cultures;

unanticipated costs or liabilities;

diversion of management’s attention from our core business;

adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers;

potential loss of key employees, particularly those of purchased organizations;

incurring unforeseen obligations or liabilities in connection with either acquisitions or divestitures; and

the failure to complete acquisitions even after signing definitive agreements which, among other
things, would result in the expensing of potentially significant professional fees and other charges in
the period in which the acquisition or negotiations are terminated.

We may not be able to successfully identify appropriate acquisition candidates, to integrate any businesses,

products, technologies, or personnel that we might acquire in the future or achieve the anticipated benefits of
such transactions, which may harm our business.

15

Our operations in the People’s Republic of China are subject to significant political and economic
uncertainties over which we have little or no control and we may be unable to alter our business practice in
time to avoid reductions in revenues.

A significant portion of our operations outside the United States are located in the PRC, which exposes us to

risks, such as exchange controls and currency restrictions, changes in local economic conditions, changes in
customs regulations and tariffs, changes in tax policies, changes in PRC laws and regulations, possible
expropriation or other PRC government actions, and unsettled political conditions including potential changes in
U.S. policy regarding overseas manufacturing. These factors may have a material adverse effect on our
operations, business, results of operations, and financial condition. See “We are exposed to risks associated with
worldwide financial markets and the global economy” risk factor below.

The PRC’s economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including
with respect to the amount of government involvement, level of development, rate of growth, control of foreign
exchange and allocation of resources. While the economy of the PRC has experienced significant growth in the
past 20 years, growth has been uneven across different regions and amongst various economic sectors of the
PRC. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage economic development and guide
the allocation of resources. Strikes by workers and picketing in front of the factory gates of certain companies in
Shenzhen have caused unrest among some workers seeking higher wages, which could impact our manufacturing
facility in Shenzhen. While some of the government’s measures may benefit the overall economy of the PRC,
they may have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be
materially and adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations
that are applicable to us as well as work stoppages.

Changes in tax laws, tax rates, or mix of earnings in tax jurisdictions in which we do business, could impact
our future tax liabilities and related corporate profitability

We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. (federal and state) and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Tax laws,

regulations, and administrative practices in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change due to
economic, political, and other conditions, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our
provision and accruals for these taxes. There are many transactions that occur during the ordinary course of
business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Our effective tax rates could be adversely affected
by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have lower statutory rates and earnings higher
than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have higher statutory rates, losses incurred in jurisdictions for which
we are not able to realize the related tax benefit, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, entry into new
businesses and geographies and changes to our existing businesses, acquisitions (including integrations) and
investments, changes in our deferred tax assets and liabilities and their valuation, and changes in the relevant tax,
accounting, and other laws, regulations, administrative practices, principles, and interpretations, including
fundamental changes to the tax laws applicable to corporate multinationals. The U.S., many countries in the
European Union, and a number of other countries are actively considering changes in this regard.

For example, on October 5, 2015, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
issued the final report on all 15 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting “BEPS” Action Plans. According to the OECD,
the current rules have created opportunities for Base Erosion and Profit Shifting and suggest new rules whereby
profits are taxed where economic activities take place and value is created. OECD comments include new or
reinforced international standards as well as concrete measures to help countries tackle BEPS. Among the
highlights of the OECD Final Reports are the new transfer pricing approach and reinforced international
standards on tax treaties, the setting of minimum standards on harmful tax practices, treaty abuse,
country-by-country reporting and dispute resolution, action items requiring national legislation particularly in
hybrid mismatches and interest restriction, and analytical reports with recommendations concerning digital
economy and multilateral instruments. If countries in which we operate adopt the OECD recommendations as
outlined in the BEPS Action Plans, it is uncertain to what extent the changes could impact the Company.

16

We are exposed to risks associated with worldwide financial markets and the global economy.

Our business depends on the expansion of manufacturing capacity in our end markets and the installation
base for the products we sell. In the past, severe tightening of credit markets, turmoil in the financial markets,
and a weakening global economy have contributed to slowdowns in the industries in which we operate. Some of
our key markets depend largely on consumer spending. Economic uncertainty, such as that recently experienced
in the PRC, exacerbates negative trends in consumer spending and may cause our customers to push out, cancel,
or refrain from placing orders.

Difficulties in obtaining capital and uncertain market conditions may also lead to a reduction of our sales
and greater instances of nonpayment. These conditions may similarly affect our key suppliers, which could affect
their ability to deliver parts and result in delays for our products. Further, these conditions and uncertainty about
future economic conditions could make it challenging for us to forecast our operating results and evaluate the
risks that may affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. As discussed in “Our orders of
raw materials, parts, components, and subassemblies are based on demand forecasts,” a significant percentage
of our expenses are relatively fixed and based, in part, on expectations of future net sales. If a sudden decrease in
demand for our products from one or more customers were to occur, the inability to adjust spending quickly
enough to compensate for any shortfall would magnify the adverse impact of a shortfall in net sales on our results
of operations. Conversely, if market conditions were to unexpectedly improve and demand for our products were
to increase suddenly, we might not be able to respond quickly enough, which could have a negative impact on
our results of operations and customer relations.

Our results of operations could be affected by natural disasters and other events in the locations in which we
or our customers or suppliers operate.

We have manufacturing and other operations in locations subject to natural occurrences such as severe
weather and geological events including earthquakes or tsunamis that could disrupt operations. In addition, our
suppliers and customers also have operations in such locations. A natural disaster, fire, explosion, or other event
that results in a prolonged disruption to our operations, or the operations of our customers or suppliers, may
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

We transitioned a significant amount of our supply base to Asian suppliers.

We transitioned the purchasing of a substantial portion of components for our thin film products to Asian

suppliers to lower our materials costs and shipping expenses. These components might require us to incur higher
than anticipated testing or repair costs, which would have an adverse effect on our operating results. Customers
who have strict and extensive qualification requirements might not accept our products if these lower-cost
components do not meet their requirements. A delay or refusal by our customers to accept such products, as well
as an inability of our suppliers to meet our purchasing requirements, might require us to purchase higher-priced
components from our existing suppliers or might cause us to lose sales to these customers, either of which could
lead to decreased revenue and gross margins and have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

We must continually design and introduce new products into the markets we serve to respond to competition
and rapid technological changes.

We operate in a highly competitive environment where innovation is critical, our future success depends on

many factors, including the effective commercialization and customer acceptance of our products and services.
The development, introduction and support of a broadening set of products is critical to our continued success.
Our results of operations could be adversely affected if we do not continue to develop new products, improve and
develop new applications for existing products, and differentiate our products from those of competitors resulting
in their adoption by customers.

17

We must achieve design wins to retain our existing customers and to obtain new customers, although design
wins achieved do not necessarily result in substantial sales.

Driven by continuing technology migration and changing customers demand the markets we serve are
constantly changing in terms of advancement in applications, core technology and competitive pressures. New
products we design for capital equipment manufacturers typically have a lifespan of five to ten years. Our
success and future growth depends on our products being designed into our customers new generations of
equipment as they develop new technologies and applications. We must work with these manufacturers early in
their design cycles to modify, enhance and upgrade our products or design new products that meet the
requirements of their new systems. The design win process is highly competitive and we may win or lose new
design wins for our existing customers or new customers next generations of equipment. In case existing or new
customers do not choose our products as a result of the development, evaluation and qualification efforts related
to the design win process, our market share will be reduced, the potential revenues related to the lifespan of our
customers’ products, which can be 5-10 years, will not be realized, and our business, financial condition and
results of operations would be materially and adversely impacted.

We generally have no long-term contracts with our customers requiring them to purchase any specified
quantities from us.

Our sales are primarily made on a purchase order basis, and we generally have no long-term purchase
commitments from our customers, which is typical in the industries we serve. As a result, we are limited in our
ability to predict the level of future sales or commitments from our current customers, which may diminish our
ability to allocate labor, materials, and equipment in the manufacturing process effectively. In addition, we may
purchase inventory in anticipation of sales that do not materialize, resulting in excess and obsolete inventory
write-offs.

If we are unable to adjust our business strategy successfully for some of our product lines to reflect the
increasing price sensitivity on the part of our customers, our business and financial condition could be
harmed.

Our business strategy for many of our product lines has been focused on product performance and
technology innovation to provide enhanced efficiencies and productivity. As a result of recent economic
conditions and changes in various markets that we serve, our customers have experienced significant cost
pressures. We have observed increased price sensitivity on the part of our customers. If competition against any
of our product lines should come to focus solely on price rather than on product performance and technology
innovation, we will need to adjust our business strategy and product offerings accordingly, and if we are unable
to do so, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our competitive position could be weakened if we are unable to convince end users to specify that our
products be used in the equipment sold by our customers.

The end users in our markets may direct equipment manufacturers to use a specified supplier’s product in

their equipment at a particular facility. This occurs with frequency because our products are critical in
manufacturing process control for thin-film applications. Our success, therefore, depends in part on our ability to
have end users specify that our products be used at their facilities. In addition, we may encounter difficulties in
changing established relationships of competitors that already have a large installed base of products within such
facilities.

The markets we operate in are highly competitive.

We face substantial competition, primarily from established companies, some of which have greater
financial, marketing, and technical resources than we do. We expect our competitors will continue to develop

18

new products in direct competition with ours, improve the design and performance of their products, and
introduce new products with enhanced performance characteristics. In order to remain competitive, we must
improve and expand our products and product offerings. In addition, we may need to maintain a high level of
investment in research and development and expand our sales and marketing efforts, particularly outside of the
United States. We might not be able to make the technological advances and investments necessary to remain
competitive. If we were unable to improve and expand our products and product offerings, our business, financial
condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

A significant portion of our sales and accounts receivable are concentrated among a few customers.

Our ten largest customers accounted for 62.5%, 70.4% and 67.7% of our sales for the years ended
December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2018, sales to Applied
Materials, Inc. and Lam Research were $258.0 million and $109.0 million or 35.9% and 15.2%, respectively, and
accounts receivable were $34.3 million and $12.2 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31,
2017, sales to Applied Materials, Inc., and Lam Research were $224.8 million and $155.3 million, or 33.5% and
23.1%, respectively, and accounts receivable were $36.8 million and $5.4 million, respectively. During the year
ended December 31, 2016, sales to Applied Materials, Inc. and Lam Research were $170.2 million and
$100.3 million, or 35.2% and 20.7%, respectively, and accounts receivable were $31.1 million and $14.3 million,
respectively. A significant decline in sales from either or both of these customers, or the Company’s inability to
collect on these sales, could materially and adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial
condition.

We maintain significant amounts of cash in international locations.

Given the global nature of our business, we have both domestic and international concentrations of cash and

investments. The value of our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities can be negatively affected by
liquidity, credit deterioration, financial results, economic risk, political risk, sovereign risk or other factors. The
Company intends to utilize its foreign cash to expand our international operations through internal growth and
strategic acquisitions. If our intent changes or if these funds are needed for our U.S. operations, or we are
negatively impacted by any of the factors above, our financial condition and results of operations could be
materially adversely affected.

We are subject to risks inherent in international operations.

Sales to our customers outside the United States were approximately 48.4% and 44.0% of our total sales for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. The acquisitions of the power controls modules and high and low
voltage product lines have increased our presence in international locations. Our success producing goods
internationally and competing in international markets is subject to our ability to manage various risks and
difficulties, including, but not limited to:

•

•

•

•

•

•

our ability to effectively manage our employees at remote locations who are operating in different
business environments from the United States;

our ability to develop and maintain relationships with suppliers and other local businesses;

compliance with product safety requirements and standards that are different from those of the United
States;

variations and changes in laws applicable to our operations in different jurisdictions, including
enforceability of intellectual property and contract rights;

trade restrictions, political instability, disruptions in financial markets, and deterioration of economic
conditions;

customs regulations and the import and export of goods (including customs audits in various countries
that occur from time to time);

19

•

•

•

•

the ability to provide sufficient levels of technical support in different locations;

our ability to obtain business licenses that may be needed in international locations to support
expanded operations;

timely collecting accounts receivable from foreign customers including $23.2 million in accounts
receivable from foreign customers as of December 31, 2018; and

changes in tariffs, taxes, and foreign currency exchange rates.

Our profitability and ability to implement our business strategies, maintain market share and compete

successfully in international markets will be compromised if we are unable to manage these and other
international risks successfully.

Globalization of sales increases risk of compliance with policy.

We operate in an increasingly complex sales environment around the world which places greater importance

on our global control environment and imposes additional oversight risk. Such increased complexity could
adversely affect our operating results by increasing compliance costs in the near-term and by increasing the risk
of control failures in the event of non-compliance.

Market pressures and increased low-cost competition may reduce or eliminate our profitability.

Our customers continually exert pressure on us to reduce our prices and extend payment terms. Given the
nature of our customer base and the highly competitive markets in which we compete, we may be required to
reduce our prices or extend payment terms to remain competitive. We have recently seen pricing pressure from
our largest customers due in part to low-cost competition and market consolidation. As a result of the competitive
markets we serve, from time to time we may enter into long term pricing agreements with our largest customers
that results in reduced product pricing. Such reduced product pricing may result in product margin declines
unless we are successful in reducing our product costs ahead of such price reductions. We believe some of our
Asian competitors benefit from local governmental funding incentives and purchasing preferences from end-user
customers in their respective countries. Moreover, in order to be successful in the current competitive
environment, we are required to accelerate our investment in research & development to meet time-to-market,
performance and technology adoption cycle needs of our customers simply in order to compete for design wins,
and if successful, receive potential purchase orders. Given such up-front investments we have to make and the
competitive nature of our markets, we may not be able to reduce our expenses in an amount sufficient to offset
potential margin declines or loss of business and may not be able to meet customer product time-line
expectations. The potential decrease in cash flow could materially and adversely impact our financial condition.

We are highly dependent on our intellectual property.

Our success depends significantly on our proprietary technology. We attempt to protect our intellectual
property rights through patents and non-disclosure agreements; however, we might not be able to protect our
technology, and competitors might be able to develop similar technology independently. In addition, the laws of
some foreign countries might not afford our intellectual property the same protections as do the laws of the
United States. Our intellectual property is not protected by patents in several countries in which we do business,
and we have limited patent protection in other countries, including the PRC. The cost of applying for patents in
foreign countries and translating the applications into foreign languages requires us to select carefully the
inventions for which we apply for patent protection and the countries in which we seek such protection.
Generally, our efforts to obtain international patents have been concentrated in the European Union and certain
industrialized countries in Asia, including Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. If we are unable to protect our intellectual
property successfully, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and
adversely affected.

20

The PRC commercial law is relatively undeveloped compared to the commercial law in the United States.

Limited protection of intellectual property is available under PRC law. Consequently, manufacturing our
products in the PRC may subject us to an increased risk that unauthorized parties may attempt to copy our
products or otherwise obtain or use our intellectual property. We may not be able to protect our intellectual
property rights effectively. Additionally, we may not have adequate legal recourse in the event that we encounter
infringements of our intellectual property in the PRC.

Our legacy inverter products may suffer higher than anticipated litigation, damage or warranty claims.

Our legacy inverter products (of which we discontinued the manufacture, engineering, and sale in December

2015 and which are reflected as Discontinued Operations in this filing) contain components that may contain
errors or defects and were sold with original product warranties ranging from one to ten years with an option to
purchase additional warranty coverage for up to 20 years. If any of our products are defective or fail because of
their design, we might be required to repair, redesign or recall those products or to pay damages (including
liquidated damages) or warranty claims, and we could suffer significant harm to our reputation. We are
experiencing claims from customers and suppliers and in some cases litigation related to the legacy inverter
product line. We review such claims and vigorously defend against such lawsuits in the ordinary course of our
business. We cannot assure you that any such claims or litigation brought against us will not have a material
adverse effect on our business or financial statements. Our involvement in such litigation could result in
significant expense to us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. We also accrue a
warranty reserve for estimated costs to provide warranty services including the cost of technical support, product
repairs, and product replacement for units that cannot be repaired. Our estimate of costs to fulfill our warranty
obligations is based on historical experience and expectation of future conditions. To the extent we experience
increased warranty claim activity or increased costs associated with servicing those claims, our warranty accrual
will increase, resulting in additional expenses in the line “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax”
on our Consolidated Statement of Operations in future periods. We plan to continue supporting inverter
customers with service maintenance and repair operations. This includes performing service to fulfill obligations
under existing service maintenance contracts. There is no certainty that these can be performed profitably and
could be adversely affected by higher than anticipated product failure rates, loss of critical service technician
skills, an inability to obtain service parts, customer demands and disputes and cost of repair parts, among other
factors. See Note 4. Discontinued Operations in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.

Our products may suffer from defects or errors leading to damage or warranty claims.

Our products use complex system designs and components that may contain errors or defects, particularly

when we incorporate new technology into our products or release new versions. If any of our products are
defective or fail because of their design, we might be required to repair, redesign or recall those products, pay
damages (including liquidated damages) or warranty claims, and we could suffer significant harm to our
reputation. We accrue a warranty reserve for estimated costs to provide warranty services including the cost of
technical support, product repairs, and product replacement for units that cannot be repaired. Our estimate of
costs to fulfill our warranty obligations is based on historical experience and expectation of future conditions. To
the extent we experience increased warranty claim activity or increased costs associated with servicing those
claims, our warranty accrual will increase, resulting in decreased gross profit. In recent years, we have
experienced increased warranty costs for our legacy inverter product lines, which is reflected in “Income from
discontinued operations, net of income taxes.” See Note 4. Discontinued Operations in Item 8 “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data”.

Unfavorable currency exchange rate fluctuations may lead to lower operating margins, or may cause us to
raise prices, which could result in reduced sales.

Currency exchange rate fluctuations could have an adverse effect on our sales and results of operations and

we could experience losses with respect to forward exchange contracts into which we may enter. Unfavorable

21

currency fluctuations could require us to increase prices to foreign customers, which could result in lower net
sales by us to such customers. Alternatively, if we do not adjust the prices for our products in response to
unfavorable currency fluctuations, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In
addition, most sales made by our foreign subsidiaries are denominated in the currency of the country in which
these products are sold and the currency in which they receive payment for such sales could be less valuable at
the time of receipt as a result of exchange rate fluctuations. Given recent acquisitions in Europe, our exposure to
fluctuations in the value of the Euro is becoming more significant. From time to time, we enter into forward
exchange contracts and local currency purchased options to reduce currency exposures related to likely or
pending transactions including those arising from intercompany sales of inventory. However, we cannot be
certain that our efforts will be adequate to protect us against significant currency fluctuations or that such efforts
will not expose us to additional exchange rate risks, which could materially and adversely affect our results of
operations.

Recent developments relating to the United Kingdom’s referendum vote in favor of leaving the European
Union and related actions could adversely affect us.

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom (UK) held a referendum in which voters approved an exit from the
European Union (“EU”). On March 29, 2017, the UK’s ambassador to the EU delivered a letter to the president
of the European Council that gave formal notice under Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty of UK’s withdrawal from
the EU, commonly referred to as “Brexit”. As a result, negotiations have commenced to determine the terms of
the UK’s withdrawal from the EU as well as its relationship with the EU going forward, including the terms of
trade between the UK and the EU. Although it is unknown what those terms will be, it is possible that there will
be greater restrictions on imports and exports between the UK and EU countries and increased regulatory
complexities. These changes may adversely affect our sales, operations and financial results. In particular, our
operations in the UK may be adversely affected by extreme fluctuations in the UK exchange rates. Moreover, the
imposition of any import restrictions and duties levied on our UK products as imported for EU customers may
make our products more expensive for such customers and less competitive from a pricing perspective.

Changes in the value of the Chinese yuan could impact the cost of our operation in Shenzhen, PRC and our
sales growth in our PRC markets.

The PRC government is continually pressured by its trading partners to allow its currency to float in a
manner similar to other major currencies. Any change in the value of the Chinese yuan may impact our ability to
control the cost of our products in the world market. Specifically, the decision by the PRC government to allow
the yuan to begin to float against the United States dollar could significantly increase the labor and other costs
incurred in the operation of our Shenzhen facility and the cost of raw materials, parts, components, and
subassemblies that we source in the PRC, thereby having a material and adverse effect on our financial condition
and results of operations.

Difficulties with our enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system and other parts of our global information
technology system could harm our business and results of operation.

Like many multinational corporations, we maintain a global information technology system, including
software products licensed from third parties. Any system, network or Internet failures, misuse by system users,
the hacking into or disruption caused by unauthorized access or loss of license rights could disrupt our ability to
timely and accurately manufacture and ship products or to report our financial information in compliance with
the timelines mandated by the SEC. Any such failure, misuse, hacking, disruptions or loss would likely cause a
diversion of management’s attention from the underlying business and could harm our operations. In addition, a
significant failure of our global information technology system could adversely affect our ability to complete an
evaluation of our internal controls and attestation activities pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.

22

If our network security measures are breached and unauthorized access is obtained to a customer’s data or
our data or our information technology systems, we may incur significant legal and financial exposure and
liabilities.

As part of our day-to-day business, we store our data and certain data about our customers in our global

information technology system. Unauthorized access to our data, including any regarding our customers, could
expose us to a risk of loss of this information, loss of business, litigation and possible liability. These security
measures may be breached by intentional misconduct by computer hackers, as a result of third-party action,
employee error, malfeasance or otherwise. Additionally, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce
employees or customers into disclosing sensitive information such as user names, passwords or other information
in order to gain access to our customers’ data or our data, including our intellectual property and other
confidential business information, or our information technology systems. Because the techniques used to obtain
unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched
against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative
measures. Any security breach could result in a loss of confidence by our customers, damage our reputation,
disrupt our business, lead to legal liability and negatively impact our future sales.

Our business is subject to complex and evolving U.S. and international laws and regulations regarding privacy
and data protection. Many of these laws and regulations are subject to change and uncertain interpretation
and could result in claims, changes to our business practices, penalties, increased cost of operations, or
declines in user growth or engagement, or otherwise harm our business.

Regulatory authorities around the world are considering a number of legislative and regulatory proposals

concerning data protection, including measures to ensure that encryption of users’ data does not hinder law
enforcement agencies’ access to that data. In addition, the interpretation and application of consumer and data
protection laws in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere are often uncertain and in flux. It is possible that these laws
may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our data practices. These legislative and
regulatory proposals, if adopted, and such interpretations could, in addition to the possibility of fines, result in an
order requiring that we change our data practices, which could have an adverse effect on our business and results
of operations. Complying with these various laws could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change
our business practices in a manner adverse to our business.

Recent legal developments in Europe have created compliance uncertainty regarding certain transfers of
personal data from Europe to the United States. For example, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”),
effective in the EU starting on May 25, 2018, applies to all of our activities conducted from an establishment in
the EU or related to products and services that we offer to EU users. The GDPR creates a range of new
compliance obligations, which could cause us to change our business practices, and will significantly increase
financial penalties for noncompliance (including possible fines of up to 4% of global annual turnover for the
preceding financial year or €20 million (whichever is higher) for the most serious infringements).

The loss of any of our key personnel could significantly harm our results of operations and competitive
position.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continuing contributions of our key management,

technical, marketing, and sales employees. We may not be successful in retaining our key employees or
attracting or retaining additional skilled personnel as required. Failure to retain or attract key personnel could
significantly harm our results of operations and competitive position. Our success in hiring and retaining
employees depends on a variety of factors, including the attractiveness of our compensation and benefit
programs, global economic or political and industry conditions, our organizational structure, our reputation,
culture and working environment, competition for talent and the availability of qualified employees, the
availability of career development opportunities, and our ability to offer a challenging and rewarding work
environment. We must develop our personnel to provide succession plans capable of maintaining continuity in

23

the midst of the inevitable unpredictability of personnel retention. While we have plans for key management
succession and long-term compensation plans designed to retain our senior employees, if our succession plans do
not operate effectively, our business could be adversely affected.

Deterioration of demand for our inverter services could negatively impact our business.

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in national or global demand for our inverter service

repair capabilities. Any such changes could adversely affect the carrying amount of our inverter service
inventories, thereby negatively affecting our financial results from Continuing Operations.

We have been, and in the future may again be, involved in litigation. Litigation is costly and could result in
further restrictions on our ability to conduct business or make use of market relationships we have developed,
or an inability to prevent others from using technology.

Litigation may be necessary to enforce our commercial or property rights, to defend ourselves against
claimed violations of such rights of others, or to protect our interests in regulatory, tax, customs, commercial, and
other disputes or similar matters. Litigation often requires a substantial amount of our management’s time and
attention, as well as financial and other resources, including:

•

•

•

•

substantial costs in the form of legal fees, fines, and royalty payments;

restrictions on our ability to sell certain products or in certain markets;

an inability to prevent others from using technology we have developed; and

a need to redesign products or seek alternative marketing strategies.

Any of these events could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results

of operations.

Return on investments or interest rate declines on plan investments could result in additional unfunded
pension obligations for the HiTek Power pension plan.

We currently have unfunded obligations in the HiTek Power pension plan. The extent of future

contributions to the pension plan depends heavily on market factors such as the discount rate used to calculate
our future obligations and the actual return on plan assets which enable future payments. We estimate future
contributions to the plan using assumptions with respect to these and other items. Changes to those assumptions
could have a significant effect on future contributions. Additionally, a material deterioration in the funded status
of the plan could increase pension expenses and reduce our profitability. See Note 16. Retirement Plans in Item 8
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” contained herein.

Funds associated with our marketable securities that we have traditionally held as short-term investments may
not be liquid or readily available.

In the past, certain of our investments have been affected by external market conditions that impacted the
liquidity of the investment. We do not currently have investments with reduced liquidity, but external market
conditions that we cannot anticipate or mitigate may impact the liquidity of our marketable securities. Any
changes in the liquidity associated with these investments may require us to borrow funds at terms that are not
favorable or repatriate cash from international locations at a significant cost. We cannot be certain that we will be
able to borrow funds or continue to repatriate cash on favorable terms, or at all. If we are unable to do so, our
available cash may be reduced until those investments can be liquidated. The lack of available cash may prevent
us from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise and may prevent us from executing some of our
business plans, either of which could cause our business, financial condition or results of operations to be
materially and adversely affected.

24

Our intangible assets may become impaired.

As of December 31, 2018, we have $101.9 million of goodwill and $54.9 million in intangible assets. We

periodically review the estimated useful lives of our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, taking into
consideration any events or circumstances that might result in either a diminished fair value, or for intangible
assets, a revised useful life. The events and circumstances include significant changes in the business climate,
legal factors, operating performance indicators, and competition. Any impairment or revised useful life could
have a material and adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations, and could harm the trading
price of our common stock.

We are subject to numerous governmental regulations.

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign regulations, including environmental regulations and
regulations relating to the design and operation of our products and control systems and regulations governing
the import, export and customs duties related to our products. We might incur significant costs as we seek to
ensure that our products meet safety and emissions standards, many of which vary across the states and countries
in which our products are used. In the past, we have invested significant resources to redesign our products to
comply with these directives. Compliance with future regulations, directives, and standards could require us to
modify or redesign some products, make capital expenditures, or incur substantial costs. Also, we may incur
significant costs in complying with the myriad of different import, export and customs regulations as we seek to
sell our products internationally. If we do not comply with current or future regulations, directives, and
standards:

• we could be subject to fines and penalties;

•

our production or shipments could be suspended; and

• we could be prohibited from offering particular products in specified markets.

If we were unable to comply with current or future regulations, directives and standards, our business,

financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Financial reform legislation will result in new laws and regulations that may increase our costs of operations.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) requires various

federal agencies to adopt a broad range of new implementing rules and regulations, and to prepare numerous
studies and reports for Congress. On August 22, 2012, under the Dodd-Frank Act, the SEC adopted new
requirements for companies that use certain minerals and metals, known as conflict minerals, in their products,
whether or not these products are manufactured by third parties. These requirements require companies to
perform due diligence, disclose and report whether or not such minerals originate from the Democratic Republic
of Congo and adjoining countries. We have to perform sufficient due diligence to determine whether such
minerals are used in the manufacture of our products. However, the implementation of these requirements could
adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of such minerals if they are found to be used in the
manufacture of our products. In addition, we incur costs to comply with the disclosure requirements, including
costs related to determining the source of any of the relevant minerals and metals used in our products. Since our
supply chain is complex, we may not be able to sufficiently verify the origins for these minerals and metals used
in our products through the due diligence procedures that we implement, which may harm our reputation. In such
event, we may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who require that all of the components of our
products are certified as conflict mineral free.

The market price of our common stock has fluctuated and may continue to fluctuate for reasons over which
we have no control.

The stock market has from time to time experienced, and is likely to continue to experience, extreme price

and volume fluctuations. Prices of securities of technology companies have been especially volatile and have

25

often fluctuated for reasons that are unrelated to their operating performance. In the past, companies that have
experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation.
If we were the subject of securities class action litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of
management’s attention and resources.

Our operating results are subject to fluctuations, and if we fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts
or investors, our share price may decrease significantly.

Our annual and quarterly results may vary significantly depending on various factors, many of which are

beyond our control. Because our operating expenses are based on anticipated revenue levels, our sales cycle for
development work is relatively long, and a high percentage of our expenses are fixed for the short term, a small
variation in the timing of recognition of revenue can cause significant variations in operating results from period
to period. If our earnings do not meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, the price of our stock
could decline.

Deterioration of economic conditions could negatively impact our business.

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in national or global economic conditions, including
inflation, interest rates, availability of capital markets, consumer spending rates, energy availability and costs
(including fuel surcharges) and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Any such
changes could adversely affect the demand for our products both in domestic and export markets, or the cost and
availability of our needed raw materials and packaging materials, thereby negatively affecting our financial
results.

A disruption in credit and other financial markets and deterioration of national and global economic

conditions, could, among other things:

•

negatively impact global demand for our products, which could result in a reduction of sales, operating
income and cash flows;

• make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing for our operations or investments or to

refinance our debt in the future;

•

•

•

cause our lenders to depart from prior credit industry practice and make more difficult or expensive the
granting of any technical or other waivers under our debt agreements to the extent we may seek them in
the future;

decrease the value of our investments; and

impair the financial viability of our insurers.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Information concerning our principal properties at December 31, 2018 is set forth below:

Location

Principal Activity

Ownership

Fort Collins, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate headquarters, research and development,

distribution, sales, and service

Lockport, NY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, service, and research and
development

Milpitas, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development, sales, and service

Santa Clara, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development, manufacturing, distribution,

sales, and service

26

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Location

Principal Activity

Ownership

Ronkonkoma, NY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, service, and research and
development

Vancouver, WA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development, manufacturing, distribution,

sales, and service

Denver, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative

Georgetown, MA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Hancock, MI

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Baton Rouge, LA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Beijing, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Shanghai, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and distribution

Shenzhen, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, service, and research and
development

Xian, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service

Metzingen, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distribution, sales, and service

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Warstein-Belecke, Germany . . . . . . . . . Research and development, distribution, sales, and service

Leased

Frankfurt, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, sales, service, and research

and development

Magdeburg, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing and distribution

Ballerup, Denmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, sales, service, and research

and development

Erstein, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Pune, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and distribution

Mumbai, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales

Cork, Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales, service, and research and development

Caesarea, Israel

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development and service

Tokyo, Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and distribution

Singapore, Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and service

Hwasung Kyunggi-do, South Korea . . . Distribution, sales, and service

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Leased

Sungnam City, South Korea . . . . . . . . . Distribution, sales, service and research and development

Leased

Villaz-St-Pierre, Switzerland . . . . . . . . . Research and development

Taipei, Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales, distribution, and service

Littlehampton, United Kingdom . . . . . . Manufacturing, distribution, sales, service, and research

and development

Leased

Leased

Leased

We consider the properties that we own or lease as adequate to meet our current and future requirements.

We regularly assess the size, capability, and location of our global infrastructure and periodically make
adjustments based on these assessments.

27

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are presently involved in disputes and legal actions arising in the normal course of our business. While

we currently believe that the amount of any ultimate loss would not be material to our financial position, the
outcome of these actions is inherently difficult to predict. In the event of an adverse outcome, the ultimate loss
could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or reported results of operations. An unfavorable
decision in patent litigation could require material changes in production processes and products or result in our
inability to ship products or components found to have violated third-party patent rights. An unfavorable decision
in a collection action against a customer we sold products to, or a claim or counterclaim from a customer related
to alleged product failures, could also have a material adverse effect on our financial position or reported results
of operations. We are engaged presently in such disputes and legal actions with customers and supplier for the
inverter product line. We accrue loss contingencies in connection with our commitments and contingencies,
including litigation, when it is probable that a loss has occurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Our executive officers, their positions and their ages as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:

Yuval Wasserman, 64, has served as President & Chief Executive Officer, and as a director since October

2014. Mr. Wasserman joined us in August 2007 as Senior Vice President, Sales, Marketing and Service. In
October 2007, Mr. Wasserman was promoted to Executive Vice President, Sales, Marketing and Service. In
April 2009, he was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, and then
in August 2011, he was promoted to President of the Thin Films Business Unit. Prior to joining the Company,
Mr. Wasserman served as the President, and later as Chief Executive Officer, of Tevet Process Control
Technologies, Inc., a semiconductor metrology company, until July 2007. Prior to that, he held senior executive
and general management positions at Boxer Cross (a metrology company acquired by Applied Materials, Inc.),
Fusion Systems (a plasma strip company that is a division of Axcelis Technologies, Inc.), and AG Associates (a
semiconductor capital equipment company focused on rapid thermal processing). Mr. Wasserman started his
career at National Semiconductor, Inc., where he held various process engineering and management positions.
Mr. Wasserman was on the Board of Directors of Syncroness, Inc., an outsourced engineering and product
development company, from 2010 to 2017 when it was sold, and joined the Board of Directors of FARO
Technologies, Inc., a publicly traded, manufacturer of three-dimensional (3D) measurement, imaging and
realization systems, in December 2017. Mr. Wasserman is a National Association of Corporate Directors
(NACD) Governance Fellow. Mr. Wasserman has a BSc degree in chemical engineering from Ben Gurion
University in Israel.

Paul Oldham, 55, joined the Company in May 2018 as its Executive Vice President & Chief Financial
Officer. Previously Mr. Oldham served as the Senior Vice President of Administration, Chief Financial Officer
and Corporate Secretary of Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. (“ESI”), a developer and manufacturer of laser-
based production equipment, from February 17, 2016 until December 4, 2017, and as the Vice President of
Administration, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary of ESI from January 7, 2008 until February 16,
2016. Prior to joining ESI, Mr. Oldham was employed at Tektronix, Inc., a test, measurement, and monitoring
company, since 1988, where he held several senior leadership positions, including Vice President Finance and
Corporate Controller, Vice President — Treasurer and Investor Relations and European Operations Controller.
Mr. Oldham has a Bachelor’s Degree in Accounting and an MBA in accounting and finance from Brigham
Young University.

Neil Brinker, 43, joined the Company in June 2018 as its Executive Vice President & Chief Operating

Officer. Previously Mr. Brinker served as the Group President of the IDEX Corporation (“IDEX”), from July

28

2015, and was Platform President of IDEX’s Material Processing Technologies from May 2014 to July 2015 and
General Manager of IDEX’s Fluid Management business from April 2012 to May 2014. Prior to IDEX,
Mr. Brinker was a Director of Global Operations at Danaher Corporation (“Danaher”) from July 2009 to April
2012 and held several other operations management leadership positions at Danaher from February 2007 to July
2009. Prior to Danaher, Mr. Brinker held various management positions at General Motors Company from 2001
to 2007. Mr. Brinker holds a B.S.M.E. degree from Michigan State University, a Master of Engineering from the
University of Michigan and an MBA from Eastern Michigan University.

Thomas O. McGimpsey, 57, joined the Company in April 2009 and serves as its Executive Vice President,
General Counsel, Government Affairs & Corporate Secretary. Mr. McGimpsey was the interim Chief Financial
Officer from January to May 2018, the Corporate Development Officer from 2011 to 2015 and managed the IT
Department from 2010 to 2013, all while serving as General Counsel. Prior to joining the Company,
Mr. McGimpsey was a Vice President of Operations at First Data Corporation from February 2008 to April 2009.
During 2007, Mr. McGimpsey was a consultant and legal advisor to various companies. Prior to that,
Mr. McGimpsey was the Executive Vice President of Business Development & Chief Legal Officer for
McDATA Corporation from July 2000 to January 2007 when the company was sold. From February 1998 until
its sale in June 2000, Mr. McGimpsey held the position of Director and Senior Corporate Attorney at US WEST,
Inc. From 1991 to 1998, Mr. McGimpsey was in private practice at national law firms. From 1984 to 1988,
Mr. McGimpsey was a Senior Engineer for Software Technology, Inc. (a Harris company). Mr. McGimpsey has
been on the Board of Directors of CPP, Inc., an international engineering services company since August 2015
and has been a Commissioner on the Colorado Commission on Higher Education since July 2015.
Mr. McGimpsey received his Executive MBA (with honors) from Colorado State University, his Juris Doctor
degree from the University of Colorado and his B.S. degree in Computer Science from Embry-Riddle
Aeronautical University. Mr. McGimpsey is a National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD) Board
Leadership Fellow and is licensed to practice law in New York, Colorado, Florida and before the U.S. Supreme
Court.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER

MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Principal Market

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “AEIS.” At
February 19, 2019, the number of common stockholders of record was 315, and the closing sale price of our
common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on that day was $50.93 per share.

Dividend Policy

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock in our history as a public company.
We currently intend to retain all future earnings to finance our business or make stock repurchases and do not
anticipate paying cash or other dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

Share Repurchase

In September 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our
stock over a thirty-month period. In November 2017, our Board of Directors approved an extension of the share
repurchase program to December 2019 from its original maturity of March 2018. In May 2018, our Board of
Directors approved a $50 million increase in its authorization to repurchase shares of our common stock under
this same program. As of December 31, 2018, we had $24.9 million remaining for the future repurchase of shares
of our common stock.

29

In order to execute the repurchase of shares of our common stock, the Company periodically enters into
stock repurchase agreements. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 the Company has
repurchased the following shares of common stock (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Amount paid to repurchase shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of shares repurchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average repurchase price per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$95,125
1,696
$ 56.07

$29,993
422
$ 71.07

$—
343
$—

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016 (1)

(1)

In November 2015 we entered into a Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Transaction to
purchase $50.0 million of shares of our common stock in the open market. A total of 1.7 million shares of
our common stock was repurchased under the Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreement at an
average price of $28.99 per share. The final 0.3 million shares of our common stock was delivered in 2016.

All shares repurchased were executed in the open market, and no shares were repurchased from related
parties. Repurchased shares were retired and assumed the status of authorized and unissued shares. Accordingly,
the associated cost of the repurchased shares were recognized as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.

The following table summarizes information with respect to the Company’s purchase of its common stock

during the quarter ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Period

Total
Number
of Shares
Purchased

October 1 — October 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
November 1 — November 30, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . .
December 1 — December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

227
190
158

575

Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Program (1)

227
190
158

575

Approximate
Dollar Value
of Shares
that May
Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Program

$39,902
31,577
24,902

24,902

Average
Price
Paid
per
Share

$48.84
43.75
42.29

45.36

(1)

In September 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our
stock over a thirty-month period. In November 2017, our Board of Directors approved an extension of this
program until December 31, 2019. In May, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a $50 million increase in
its authorization to repurchase shares of Company common stock under this same program.

30

Performance Graph

The performance graph below shows the five-year cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock

during the period from December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2018. This is compared with the cumulative
total return of the NASDAQ Composite Index and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (PHLX) over the same
period. The comparison assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2013 in Advanced Energy common stock
and in each of the foregoing indices and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any. Dollar amounts in the graph
are rounded to the nearest whole dollar. The performance shown in the graph represents past performance and
should not be considered an indication of future performance.

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN(1)
Among Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite Index, and the PHLX Semiconductor Index

$350

$300

$250

$200

$150

$100

$50

12/13

12/14

12/15

12/16

12/17

12/18

Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

NASDAQ Composite

PHLX Semiconductor

(1) $100 invested on 12/31/2013 in our stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Indices and our

stock performance are calculated on a calendar year-end basis.

Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NASDAQ Composite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PHLX Semiconductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$100.00
100.00
100.00

$103.67
114.62
129.03

$123.49
122.81
120.80

$239.50
133.19
159.29

$295.19
172.11
223.53

$187.80
165.84
203.91

12/13

12/14

12/15

12/16

12/17

12/18

Information relating to compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance is

set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

31

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected Consolidated Statements of Operations and related Consolidated Balance Sheets data were
derived from our audited Consolidated Financial Statements. The information below is not necessarily indicative
of results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-K in order to understand more fully
the factors that may affect the comparability of the information presented below (in thousands, except per share
amounts):

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
Sales, net (1) (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations before income

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

$718,892
171,553

$671,012
200,770

$483,704
126,857

$ 414,811
106,656

$367,333
86,091

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

172,376

198,191

128,076

105,442

86,005

Income from continuing operations, net of income

taxes (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

147,149

136,101

116,948

83,482

69,495

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of

income taxes (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations attributable to

(38)
147,111

1,760
137,861

10,506
127,454

(241,968)
(158,486)

(22,513)
46,982

noncontrolling interest

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

—

—

—

—

Net income attributable to Advanced Energy

Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

147,025

137,861

127,454

(158,486)

46,982

Earnings per Share:

Continuing Operations:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Discontinued Operations:

Basic earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . .

Net Income (Loss):

Basic earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . .

$
$

$
$

$
$

3.76
3.74

$
$

— $
— $

3.76
3.74

$
$

3.42
3.39

0.04
0.04

3.47
3.43

$
$

$
$

$
$

2.94
2.92

0.26
0.26

3.21
3.18

$
$

$
$

$
$

2.05
2.03

$
$

1.72
1.69

(5.94) $
(5.94) $

(0.56)
(0.56)

(3.89) $
(3.89) $

1.16
1.14

Basic weighted-average common shares

outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,081

39,754

39,720

40,746

40,420

Diluted weighted-average common shares

outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,352

40,176

40,031

41,077

41,034

Consolidated Balance Sheets Data:
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$816,484
$ 98,873

$733,308
$106,548

$571,529
$ 84,409

$ 462,503
$ 95,024

$684,409
$ 97,035

(1)

(2)

Included in sales for 2018 is $17.4 million related to the acquisition of all the outstanding shares of
LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc. as of September 1, 2018 and $21.3 million related to the
acquisition of all the outstanding shares of Trek Holding Co. Ltd as of February 2, 2018 and the acquisition
of the electrostatic technology and product line from Monroe Electronics, Inc as of May 1, 2018.
Included in sales for 2017 is $7.6 million related to the acquisition of all the outstanding shares of Excelsys
Holding Ltd. as of July 1, 2017.

(3) We recognized tax expense of $5.7 million, or $0.14 per diluted share, and $72.9 million, or $1.81 per

diluted share, for 2018 and 2017, respectively, associated with the impacts of the enactment of the U.S. Tax
Cuts and Jobs Act legislation in December 2017. We recognized a tax benefit of $33.8 million, or $0.84 per

32

diluted share, in 2017 related to the continued wind down of our solar inverter business which was
discontinued in 2015.
In 2015, we discontinued the development, sales and distribution of our solar inverter product line.

(4)

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Certain statements set forth below under this caption constitute forward-looking statements. See “Special
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in Item 1 “Business” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for
additional factors relating to such statements, and see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A for a discussion of certain risks
applicable to our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Overview

We design, manufacture, sell, and support power conversion products that transform power into various
usable forms. Our products enable innovative, complex manufacturing processes that use thin film technology for
various products, such as semiconductor devices, flat panel displays, thin film renewables, architectural glass,
optical coating and consumer products decorative and functional coating. We also supply thermal
instrumentation products for advanced temperature measurement and control, electrostatic instrumentation
products in test and measurement applications, and gas sensing and monitoring solutions for multiple industrial
markets. Our power control modules provide power control solutions for industrial applications where heat
treatment and processing are used such as glass manufacturing, metal fabrication and treatment, material and
chemical processing. Our high voltage power supplies and modules are used in applications such as
semiconductor ion implantation, semiconductor inspection, scanning electron microscopy, chemical analysis
such as mass spectrometry and electrophoresis, and various medical applications including electroporation and
MRI analytics. Our network of global service support centers provides a recurring revenue opportunity as we
offer repair services, conversions, upgrades, and refurbishments and used equipment to companies using our
products.

Driven by continuing technology migration and changing customer demands, the markets we serve are
constantly changing in terms of advancement in applications, core technology and competitive pressures. New
products we design for capital equipment manufacturers typically have a lifespan of five to ten years. Our
success and future growth depends on our products being designed into our customers’ new generations of
equipment as they develop new technologies and applications. We must work with these manufacturers early in
their design cycles to modify, enhance and upgrade our products or design new products that meet the
requirements of their new systems. The design win process is highly competitive and we may win or lose new
designs for our existing customers’ or new customers’ next generations of equipment. If existing or new
customers do not choose our products as a result of the development, evaluation and qualification efforts related
to the design win process, our market share may be reduced, the potential revenues related to the lifespan of our
customers’ products, which can be 5-10 years, may not be realized, and our business, financial condition and
results of operations may be materially and adversely impacted.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting

principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make
judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported. Note 1. Operations and Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”
describes the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The accounting positions described below are significantly affected by critical accounting estimates. Such
accounting positions require significant judgments, assumptions, and estimates to be used in the preparation of
the Consolidated Financial Statements, actual results could differ materially from the amounts reported based on
variability in factors affecting these statements.

33

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when we have satisfied our performance obligations which typically occurs when
control of the products or completion of services have been transferred to our customers. The transaction price is
based upon the standalone selling price. In most transactions, we have no obligations to our customers after the
date products are shipped, other than pursuant to warranty obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes
collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Shipping and handling
fees, if any, are recognized as revenue. The related shipping and handling costs is recognized in cost of sales.
Support services include warranty and non-warranty repair services, upgrades, and refurbishments on the
products we sell. Repairs that are covered under our standard warranty do not generate revenue.

We maintain a credit approval process and we make significant judgments in connection with assessing our

customers’ ability to pay. Despite this assessment, from time to time, our customers are unable to meet their
payment obligations. We continuously monitor our customers’ credit worthiness and use our judgment in
establishing a provision for estimated credit losses based upon our historical experience and any specific
customer collection issues that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our
expectations and the provisions established, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of our
customers could have a material adverse impact on the collectability of accounts receivable and our future
operating results. Additionally, if our credit loss rates prove to be greater than we currently estimate, we record
additional reserves for doubtful accounts.

Inventory

We value our inventory at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. We regularly

review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision to write-down excess and obsolete inventory to its
estimated net realizable value, if less than cost, based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand.
Demand for our products can fluctuate significantly. Our industry is subject to technological change, new product
development, and product technological obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete
inventory quantities on hand. Therefore, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological
developments in excess of our current estimates could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and
our reported operating results.

Warranty Costs

We provide for the estimated costs to fulfill customer warranty obligations upon the recognition of the
related revenue. We offer warranty coverage for a majority of our products for periods typically ranging from 12
to 24 months after shipment. We provided warranties on our inverter products for five to ten years and also
provided the option to purchase additional warranty coverage up to 20 years. The product warranty expense
accrued related to our standard inverter product warranties is now considered part of our discontinued operations
and is recorded as such on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 4. Discontinued Operations in Item 8
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for more information on our discontinued operations and
Note 15. Warranties in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for more information on our
warranties from continuing operations. We estimate the anticipated costs of repairing our products under such
warranties based on the historical costs of the repairs. The assumptions we use to estimate warranty accruals are
reevaluated periodically, in light of actual experience, and when appropriate, the accruals are adjusted. Should
product failure rates differ from our estimates, actual costs could vary significantly from our expectations.

Goodwill, Intangible and Other Long-Lived Assets

As a result of our acquisitions, we recorded goodwill and intangible assets. Goodwill and indefinite-lived
intangible assets are subject to annual impairment testing, as well as testing upon the occurrence of any event that
indicates a potential impairment. The annual impairment test can be performed using an assessment of qualitative

34

factors in determining if it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. If this assessment indicates that it is
more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, then the next step of impairment testing compares the fair value of
a reporting unit to its carrying value. Goodwill would be impaired if the resulting implied fair value of goodwill
was less than the recorded carrying value of the goodwill.

Finite-lived intangible assets and other long-lived assets are subject to an impairment test if there is an
indicator of impairment. When we determine that the carrying value of intangibles or other long-lived assets may
not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more indicators of impairment, we use the projected
undiscounted cash flow method to determine whether an impairment exists, and then measure the impairment
using discounted cash flows and other fair value measurements. The carrying value and ultimate realization of
these assets is dependent upon our estimates of future earnings and benefits that we expect to generate from their
use. If our expectations of future results and cash flows are significantly diminished, intangible assets, long-lived
assets, and goodwill may be impaired and the resulting charge to operations may be material. Additionally, the
estimation of useful lives and expected cash flows require us to make significant judgments regarding future
periods that are subject to some factors outside of our control. Changes in these estimates could result in
significant revisions to our carrying value of these assets and may result in material charges to our results of
operations.

In 2018, we performed an assessment of qualitative factors for our annual impairment test of the goodwill.

The factors reviewed included macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, and
overall financial performance. This assessment resulted in the conclusion that there was no impairment of
goodwill in 2018.

Income Taxes

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant
judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and income tax assets and liabilities,
including evaluating uncertainties in the application of accounting principles and complex tax laws. We record a
provision for income taxes for the anticipated tax consequences of the reported results of operations using the
asset and liability method. Under this method, we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected
future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and
liabilities, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using the tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets
and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We calculate tax expense consistent with intraperiod tax
allocation methodology resulting in an allocation of current year tax expense/benefit between continuing
operations and discontinued operations. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the
net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax
positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination
by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. Although we believe that we have
adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions, we can provide no assurance that the final tax outcome of
these matters will not be materially different. We make adjustments to these reserves when facts and
circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the
final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the
provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made and could have a material impact
on our financial condition and operating results. The provision for income taxes includes the effects of any
reserves that we believe are appropriate, as well as the related net interest and penalties. For more details see
Note. 5 Income Taxes in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Act into law. Due to the complexity and scope of the Tax
Act, the SEC issued SAB 118, which provided for a one-year measurement period from the date of enactment in
which to complete the associated tax analysis. This analysis included finalization of the transition tax,
re-measuring our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the reduction of the corporate income tax rate to

35

21%, as well as reassessing our indefinite reinvestment position. The analysis of the impact of the Tax Act was
completed within the SAB 118 measurement period and are included in the results of operations as of
December 31, 2018.

Business Environment and Trends

SEMICONDUCTOR MARKET

The semiconductor market is being driven by the rapid adoption of solid-state drives (SSD) deploying the

latest 3D-NAND memory devices and a ramp of advanced Logic devices at the 10nm technology node. The
industry’s transition to 3D memory devices and advanced Logic is generating increasing demand for RF power
supplies, matches and accessories. The growing number of steps associated with the deposition and etch
processes is driving an increase in the number of process chambers per fab and higher content of more advanced
power solutions per chamber. As etching processes become more challenging due to increasing aspect ratios in
advanced 3D devices, more advanced RF technology that includes pulsing and increased control and
instrumentation is needed. We are capitalizing on these trends and providing a broader range of more complex
combinations of RF power and frequencies and launching more capable matching networks to manage and
control the delivered power. During the year, we acquired Trek and LumaSense, which increased our presence in
the electrostatic chuck, electrostatic sensor, and temperature measurement applications for the semiconductor
market.

Investment in semiconductor capital equipment remained strong during the first half of 2018, following
2017 where investment in semiconductor capital equipment increased approximately 30%. During the second
half of 2018, we began to see a pause in the semiconductor capital equipment market that continued through the
end of 2018. In the fourth quarter the decline accelerated as the semiconductor market was impacted by slowing
growth in end market demand for semiconductor devices, digestion of equipment capacity, and uncertainty
around trade policies and global economic growth. Our business is further impacted by inventory reductions in
both semiconductor devices and finished goods inventory at our customers. It is difficult to determine when or if
overall market investment in semiconductor capital equipment will return to 2017 levels.

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY MARKETS

Customers in the industrial capital equipment market incorporate our industrial process power and applied

power products into a wide variety of equipment used in applications such as thin films, advanced material
fabrication, and analytical instrumentation.

In industrial technology applications, we remain focused on taking our products into new applications and
world regions, increasing our penetration into Asia, Europe and North America. In 2018, we made gains across
an array of industries. Demand for our products used in many industrial thin film coating and specialty power
markets increased, particularly in manufacturing areas for products such as solar panels, consumer device
coatings, flat panel displays and analytical instrumentation. The flat panel display market showed continued
strength with the ongoing ramp of OLED mobile screen capacity. Our thermal process control and measurement
instruments are also making gains in North America, where we have focused for regional expansion. Our
acquisition of LumaSense further expanded our presence in pyrometry and other temperature measurement
applications and our acquisition of Trek added electrostatic measurement capability for industrial production and
energy applications.

Results of Continuing Operations

Our analysis presented below is organized to provide the information we believe will facilitate an

understanding of our historical performance and relevant trends going forward, and should be read in conjunction
with our Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, in Item 8 “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

36

Advanced Energy is organized as a single business unit, which principally serves OEM and end customers
in the semiconductor and industrial technologies capital equipment markets with power generation, conversion,
measurement and control solutions. As of December 31, 2015 we discontinued our inverter products
manufacturing and sales. All prior periods disclosed have been recast to reflect our continuing operations.
Results of discontinued operations are reflected as “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income
taxes” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 4. Discontinued Operations in Item 8 “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.”

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain data derived from our Consolidated

Statements of Operations (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Sales, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892
365,607
194,054

171,553
823

$671,012
356,381
155,611

200,770
(2,579)

$483,704
253,147
126,290

126,857
1,219

Income from continuing operations before income

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

172,376
25,227

198,191
62,090

128,076
11,128

Income from continuing operations, net of income

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$147,149

$136,101

$116,948

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of sales represented by certain items

reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Sales, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
53.1
50.9
23.1
27.0

52.3
26.2

Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income from continuing operations before income taxes . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23.9
0.1

24.0
3.5

30.0
(0.4)

29.6
9.3

26.1
0.3

26.4
2.3

Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes . . . . . . .

20.5% 20.3% 24.1%

37

SALES, NET

The following tables summarize annual sales and percentages of sales, by product line, for each of the years

ended 2018, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

Semiconductor capital equipment . . . . .
Industrial technology capital

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Global Support

Years Ended December 31,

Change

2018

2017

2016

2018 v. 2017

2017 v. 2016

$443,141

$461,701

$326,316

$(18,560)

(4.0)% $135,385

41.5%

167,185
108,566

116,949
92,362

84,263
73,125

50,236
16,204

43.0%
17.5%

32,686
19,237

38.8%
26.3%

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892

$671,012

$483,704

$ 47,880

7.1% $187,308 38.7%

Semiconductor capital equipment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial technology capital equipment
Global Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

61.6% 68.8% 67.5%
17.4
23.3
13.8
15.1

17.4
15.1

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

OPERATING EXPENSE

The following table summarizes our operating expense as a percentage of sales for the years ended

December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Research and development
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selling, general, and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restructuring charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 76,008
108,033
5,774
4,239

10.6% $ 57,999
93,262
15.0
0.8
4,350
0.6

8.6% $ 44,445
77,678
13.9
0.6
4,167
— —

9.2%
16.1
0.9
— —

Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$194,054

27.0% $155,611

23.1% $126,290

26.2%

2018 Results Compared To 2017

SALES

Total sales for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased 7.1% to $718.9 million from $671.0 million for
the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in sales was primarily due to demand in the first half of the year
for our products used in the semiconductor capital equipment market as well as growth in the industrial and
service markets we serve. Total sales from acquisitions included $38.7 million for the year ended December 31,
2018 compared to $7.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

In 2018, sales to the semiconductor market decreased 4.0% to $443.1 million, and 61.6% of sales, from
$461.7 million, and 68.8% of sales in 2017. The decrease in growth in the semiconductor market is due to the
overall decrease in market demand which occurred in the second half of 2018. We believe our position in the
semiconductor market remains strong and is driven by our technology leadership in etch applications,
specifically related to advanced memory and transition to 3DNAND, along with advances in logic technology.

Sales to the industrial technologies capital equipment markets increased 43% to $167.2 million in 2018 from
$116.9 million in 2017. The industrial technology markets we serve include solar panel, flat panel display, power

38

control modules, data storage, architectural glass, high voltage and other industrial manufacturing markets. Our
customers in these markets are primarily global and regional original equipment manufacturers. The increase in
sales was primarily due to an expansion in advanced coating applications as well as the impact of our
diversification strategy through acquisitions. Sales to the industrial capital equipment markets as a percentage of
total sales increased to 23.3% in 2018 from 17.4% in 2017.

Global service sales increased 17.5% to $108.6 million from $92.4 million in 2017 and increased as a
percentage of total sales to 15.1% in 2018 from 13.8% in 2017. Increased global service sales was due to share
gains as well as growth in our installed product base.

Sales to Applied Materials Inc. and Lam Research, our two largest customers, decreased $13.1 million to

$367.0 million, and 51.1% of sales, in 2018 from $380.1 million, and 56.6% of sales in 2017. Our sales to
Applied Materials Inc. and Lam Research included sales for the semiconductor capital equipment market, as well
as industrial capital equipment used in the solar and flat panel display markets.

Backlog

Our backlog was $74.7 million at December 31, 2018 as compared to $131.3 million at December 31, 2017.

Backlog declined primarily due to decreased demand in the semiconductor market.

GROSS PROFIT

Gross profit increased $9.2 million to $365.6 million in 2018 from $356.4 million in 2017 and is attributed
to increased sales volume. Gross profit as a percentage of sales in 2018 decreased to 50.9% from 53.1% in 2017.
The decreased gross profit percentage is attributable to decreased volume as the semiconductor capital equipment
market demand declined in the second half of 2018. Gross profit was also impacted by the new tariffs, higher
freight and warranty costs, as well as the addition of fixed manufacturing costs associated with our acquisitions.
Gross profit from acquisitions made during 2018 was $17.4 million, which included $0.6 million related to
purchased gross profit, compared to $3.1 million gross profit made from our acquisition in 2017, which included
$0.1 million related to purchased gross profit.

OPERATING EXPENSE

Research and Development

We perform research and development of products for new or emerging applications, technological changes

to provide higher performance, lower cost, or other attributes that we may expect to advance our customers’
products. We believe that continued development of technological applications, as well as enhancements to
existing products to support customer requirements, are critical for us to compete in the markets we serve.
Accordingly, we devote significant personnel and financial resources to the development of new products and the
enhancement of existing products, and we expect these investments to continue.

Research and development expenses in 2018 increased $18.0 million to $76.0 million, from $58.0 million in

2017, and increased as a percentage of total revenue to 10.6% in 2018 from 8.6% in 2017. The increase in
research and development expenses is primarily due to our investment in new technology programs to maintain
and increase our technological leadership and provide solutions to our customers’ evolving needs. Research and
development expense from our acquisitions made during 2018 was $4.7 million compared to $1.1 million from
our acquisition in 2017.

Selling, General and Administrative

Our selling expenses support domestic and international sales and marketing activities that include
personnel, trade shows, advertising, third-party sales representative commissions, and other selling and

39

marketing activities. Our general and administrative expenses support our worldwide corporate, legal, tax,
financial, governance, administrative, information systems, and human resource functions in addition to our
general management, including acquisition-related activities.

Selling general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased $14.8 million to $108.0 million in 2018 as
compared to $93.3 million in 2017, primarily from our acquisitions. SG&A expense from our acquisitions made
during 2018 was $10.2 million compared to $1.8 million from our acquisition in 2017. In addition, SG&A
expense increased due to higher employee compensation and facility costs, as we have invested in organizational
structure and additional facilities to support future growth.

Amortization Expense

Amortization expense increased $1.4 million to $5.8 million in 2018 from $4.4 million in 2017. The
increase of $1.4 million in 2018 is primarily due to the amortization of intangibles recognized on acquisitions
made during 2018.

Restructuring Expense

Restructuring expense for 2018 predominately reflects estimated termination costs related to manufacturing

footprint consolidation and optimization, acquisition integration, and reorganization and business efficiency
improvement.

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income and expense, foreign exchange gains and

losses, gains and losses on sales of fixed assets, and other miscellaneous items. Other income (expense) was
$0.8 million in 2018, as compared to $(2.6) million in 2017. Other income in 2018 was primarily due to
increased interest income as we leveraged our investment of available cash. Other expense in 2017 reflects the
cost of a foreign currency exchange rate forward contract that we entered into for a potential offshore acquisition
that we decided not to consummate. See Note 8. Derivative Financial Instruments in Item 8 “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.” Other income (expense), net includes interest expense, net of $0.5 million
and $0.1 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

In 2018, we recorded income tax expense for our continuing operations of $25.2 million or an effective tax

rate of 14.6%. Included in our 2018 tax expense is $5.7 million of expense associated with finalization of the Tax
Act items within the SAB 118 measurement period. After giving consideration to the above item, tax expense for
our continuing operations would have been $19.5 million or an effective tax rate of 11.3%. Income tax expense
in 2017 was $62.1 million or an effective tax rate of 31.3%. Included in our 2017 tax expense is $72.9 million for
the estimated impact of the Tax Act, offset partially by a tax benefit of $33.8 million associated with the wind
down of our solar inverter business, which was discontinued in 2015. After giving consideration to the above
items, tax expense for our continuing operations in 2017 would have been $23.0 million, or 11.6%. The 2018
effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the benefits of earnings in foreign
jurisdictions, which are subject to lower tax rates and tax credits, but negatively impacted by the Global
Intangible Low-taxed Income (“GILTI”) tax introduced by the Tax Act.

2017 Results Compared To 2016

SALES, NET

Total sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased 38.7% to $671.0 million from $483.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in sales was primarily due to demand in the semiconductor

40

market driven by accelerated demand and strength in etch and CVD applications. We also experienced continued
growth within our industrial products and global services. Total sales from Excelsys, which was acquired July 3,
2017, was $7.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

In 2017, sales in our semiconductor market increased 41.5% to $461.7 million, and 68.8% of sales, from

$326.3 million, and 67.5% of sales in 2016. Our growth in the semiconductor market has been fueled by our
leadership in etch applications, specifically related to advanced memory and transition to 3DNAND, along with
advances in logic technology. Sales growth was driven primarily by recent program wins, which have moved into
production and delivery.

Sales to the industrial capital equipment markets increased 38.8% to $116.9 million in 2017 from
$84.3 million in 2016. The industrial markets we serve include solar panels, flat panel display, architectural
glass, analytical instrumentation and other industrial manufacturing markets. Our customers in these markets are
primarily global and regional original equipment manufacturers. The increase in sales was primarily due to the
expansion in advanced coating applications. Sales to the industrial capital equipment markets as a percentage of
total sales remained flat at 17.4% in 2017 and 2016, due primarily to the strong growth in sales in our
semiconductor market. Sales from the acquisition of Excelsys for the year ended December 31, 2017 was
$7.6 million.

Global service sales increased 26.3% to $92.4 million from $73.1 million in 2016. Increased global service
sales was due to share gains as well as growth in our installed product base. Despite this growth, global support
revenue as a percentage of total sales decreased to 13.8% in 2017 from 15.1% in 2016, due to the strong growth
in sales in our semiconductor market.

Sales to Applied Materials Inc. and Lam Research, our two largest customers, increased $109.6 million to

$380.1 million, and 56.6% of sales, in 2017 from $270.5 million, and 55.9% of sales in 2016. Our sales to
Applied Materials Inc. and Lam Research included sales for the semiconductor capital equipment market, as well
as industrial capital equipment used in the solar and flat panel display markets.

GROSS PROFIT

Gross profit increased $103.2 million to $356.4 million in 2017 from $253.1 million in 2016 and is
primarily attributed to increased sales volume. Gross profit as a percentage of sales in 2017 increased to 53.1%
from 52.3% in 2016, due to increased volume as the semiconductor capital equipment market remains strong and
favorable product mix. Gross profit from our 2017 acquisition of Excelsys was $3.1 million, which included
$0.1 million related to purchased gross profit.

OPERATING EXPENSE

Research and Development

We perform research and development of products for new or emerging applications, technological changes
to provide higher performance, lower cost, or other attributes that we expect to advance our customers’ products.
We believe that continued development of technological applications, as well as enhancements to existing
products to support customer requirements, are critical for us to compete in the markets we serve. Accordingly,
we devote significant personnel and financial resources to the development of new products and the enhancement
of existing products, and we expect these investments to continue.

Research and development expenses in 2017 increased $13.6 million to $58.0 million from $44.4 million in
2016 primarily due to our investment in new programs to maintain and increase our technological leadership and
provide solutions to our customers’ evolving needs. Research and development expense from our 2017
acquisition of Excelsys was $1.1 million.

41

Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 8.6% in 2017 from 9.2%

in 2016 as successful adoption of our products has driven increased sales.

Selling, General and Administrative

Our selling expenses support domestic and international sales and marketing activities that include
personnel, trade shows, advertising, third-party sales representative commissions, and other selling and
marketing activities. Our general and administrative expenses support our worldwide corporate, legal, tax,
financial, governance, administrative, information systems, and human resource functions in addition to our
general management, including acquisition-related activities.

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased $15.6 million to $93.3 million in 2017 as

compared to $77.7 million in 2016. The increase in SG&A expense is primarily driven by higher stock-based
compensation and performance bonus, investment in organizational structure to support business volumes and
future growth, and costs associated with business development. SG&A expense from our 2017 acquisition of
Excelsys was $1.8 million.

Amortization Expense

Amortization expense increased $0.2 million to $4.4 million in 2017 from $4.2 million in 2016. The

increase of $0.2 million in 2017 is primarily due to the amortization of intangibles recognized upon the
acquisition of Excelsys, which was completed July 3, 2017, partially offset by the effect of foreign exchange
rates.

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income and expense, foreign exchange gains and
losses, gains and losses on sales of fixed assets. and other miscellaneous items. Other income (expense), net was
$(2.6) million in 2017, as compared to $1.2 million in 2016. The loss in 2017 was primarily the cost of a foreign
currency exchange rate forward contract that we entered into for a potential offshore acquisition that we decided
not to consummate. See Note 8. Derivative Financial Instruments in Item 8 “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data”. The gain in 2016 is principally related to gains recognized due to fluctuation in foreign
exchange rates and our assets in different countries. Other income (expense), net includes interest expense, net of
$0.1 million and $(0.1) million in 2017 and 2016, respectively.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

In 2017, we recorded income tax expense for our continuing operations of $62.1 million or an effective tax

rate of 31.3%. Included in our 2017 tax expense is the estimated impact of the Tax Act which was passed
December 22, 2017. Among other provisions, the Tax Act imposes a mandatory one-time transition tax on the
accumulated earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. The Company estimates the 2017 financial statement expense
related to the transition tax will approximate $61.8 million. Additionally, the Tax Act reduced the U.S. corporate
income tax rate to 21%, effective January 1, 2018, from the previous 35% rate. The reduction in the U.S.
corporate tax rate required the Company to re-value its net U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities effective
December 31, 2017. The Company estimates the 2017 financial statement expense related to the reduction of the
U.S. tax rate to be $11.1 million. Additionally, in 2017, we recorded a tax benefit of $33.8 million associated
with the wind down of our solar inverter business, which was discontinued in 2015. After giving consideration to
the above items, tax expense for our continuing operations would have been $23.0 million or an effective tax rate
of 11.6%, as compared to tax expense of $11.1 million, or 8.7%, for 2016. The increase in the 2017 tax rate of
11.6% compared to the 2016 tax rate of 8.7% is primarily due to favorable settlements of tax audits in 2016. The
2017 effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the benefit of earnings in
foreign jurisdictions which are subject to lower tax rates, benefits related to stock-based compensation and tax
amortization.

42

Discontinued Operations

In December 2015, we completed the wind down of engineering, manufacturing and sales of our solar
inverter product line (the “inverter business”). Accordingly, the results of our inverter business has been reflected
as “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” on our Condensed Consolidated Statements
of Operations for all periods presented herein.

The effect of our sales of extended inverter warranties to our customers continues to be reflected in deferred

revenue in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred revenue for extended inverter warranties and the
associated costs of warranty service will be reflected in Sales and Cost of goods sold, respectively, from
continuing operations in future periods in our Consolidated Statement of Operations, as the deferred revenue is
earned and the associated services are rendered. Extended warranties related to the inverter product line are no
longer offered.

The significant items included in Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (in

thousands):

Sales, net
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating (income) expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating income (loss) from discontinued operations . . . . . .
Other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income (loss) discontinued operations before income

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income

Years Ended December 31,

2018

$—

(88)
96

(8)
(24)

(32)
6

2017

2016

$ —
234
(1,576)

$ —
154
(3,894)

1,342
337

3,740
2,636

1,679
(81)

6,376
(4,130)

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ (38)

$ 1,760

$10,506

Operating income (loss) from discontinued operations for years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016
includes the impacts of changes in our estimated product warranty liability, the recovery of accounts receivable
and foreign exchange gains or (losses).

Non-GAAP Results

Management uses non-GAAP operating income and non-GAAP EPS to evaluate business performance
without the impacts of certain non-cash charges and other charges which are not part of our usual operations. We
use these non-GAAP measures to assess performance against business objectives, make business decisions,
including developing budgets and forecasting future periods. In addition, management’s incentive plans include
these non-GAAP measures as criteria for achievements. These non-GAAP measures are not in accordance with
U.S. GAAP and may differ from non-GAAP methods of accounting and reporting used by other companies.
However, we believe these non-GAAP measures provide additional information that enables readers to evaluate
our business from the perspective of management. The presentation of this additional information should not be
considered a substitute for results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The non-GAAP results presented below exclude the impact of non-cash related charges, such as stock based

compensation and amortization of intangible assets. In addition, they exclude discontinued operations and other
non-recurring items such as acquisition-related costs and restructuring expenses, as they are not indicative of
future performance. The tax effect of our non-GAAP adjustments represents the anticipated annual tax rate

43

applied to each non-GAAP adjustment after consideration of their respective book and tax treatments and effect
of adoption of the Tax Act.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP measure — operating expenses
and operating income from continuing operations, excluding
certain items

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Gross profit from continuing operations, as

reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$365,607

$356,381

$253,147

Adjustments to gross profit:

Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facility expansion and relocation costs . . . . . . . .
Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

742
1,328
569

1,394
—
—

351
—
—

Non-GAAP gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

368,246

357,775

253,498

Operating expenses from continuing operations, as

reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

194,054

155,611

126,290

Adjustments:

Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facility expansion and relocation costs . . . . . . . .
Restructuring charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5,774)
(8,961)
(1,726)
(518)
(4,239)

(4,350)
(11,155)
(150)
—
—

(4,167)
(5,981)
—
—
—

Non-GAAP operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

172,836

139,956

116,142

Non-GAAP operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$195,410

$217,819

$137,356

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP measure — operating expenses and operating
income from continuing operations, excluding certain items

Years Ended
December 31,

2018

2017

2016

50.9% 53.1% 52.3%

Gross profit from continuing operations, as reported . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments to gross profit:

Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facility expansion and relocation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-GAAP gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating expenses from continuing operations, as reported . . . . . . .
Adjustments:

0.1
0.2
0.1 —
0.1 —

51.2

27.0

53.3

23.2

Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facility expansion and relocation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restructuring charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(0.6)
(1.8)

(0.8)
(1.3)
(0.2) —
(0.1) —
(0.6) —

0.1
—
—

52.4

26.1

(0.9)
(1.2)
—
—
—

Non-GAAP operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24.0

20.8

24.0

Non-GAAP operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27.2% 32.5% 28.4%

44

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP measure — income from
continuing operations, excluding certain items

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Income from continuing operations, less

noncontrolling interest, net of income taxes . . . . . .

$147,063

$136,101

$116,948

Adjustments:

Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facility expansion and relocation costs . . . . . . . .
Restructuring charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonrecurring tax (benefit) expense associated

with inverter business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on foreign exchange hedge . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Incremental expense associated with start-up of

the Asia regional headquarters . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments . . . . . . . . .

5,774
9,703
2,295
1,846
4,239

4,350
12,549
150
—
—

—
—

(33,837)
3,489

4,167
6,332
—
—
—

—
—

—
5,703
(4,626)

1,133
72,867
(5,264)

—
—
(2,854)

Non-GAAP income from continuing operations, net

of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$171,997

$191,538

$124,593

Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

4.37

$

4.77

$

3.11

Impact of Inflation

In recent years, inflation has not had a significant impact on our operations. However, we continuously
monitor operating price increases, particularly in connection with the supply of component parts used in our
manufacturing process. To the extent permitted by competition, we pass increased costs on to our customers by
increasing sales prices over time. Sales price increases, however, were not significant in any of the years
presented herein.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

LIQUIDITY

We believe that adequate liquidity and cash generation is important to the execution of our strategic

initiatives. Our ability to fund our operations, acquisitions, capital expenditures, and product development efforts
may depend on our ability to generate cash from operating activities which is subject to future operating
performance, as well as general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other conditions,
some of which may be beyond our control. Our primary sources of liquidity are our available cash, investments
and, cash generated from current operations.

At December 31, 2018, we had $351.8 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. We
believe that adequate liquidity and cash generation will be important to the execution of our strategic initiatives.
We believe that our current cash levels and our cash flows from future operations will be adequate to meet
anticipated working capital needs, anticipated levels of capital expenditures, and contractual obligations for the
next twelve months.

At December 31, 2018, we had $194.4 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities held by

foreign subsidiaries. As a result of the recent Tax Act, we have provided for U.S. tax on all foreign unremitted
earnings. Accordingly, cash related to these unremitted earnings could be repatriated to the U.S. with minimal
additional taxes. Additional taxes would include foreign withholding taxes and U.S. state income taxes. At this
time, the Company has no additional plans to repatriate foreign cash and intends to invest such unremitted

45

earnings indefinitely outside of the U.S. Consistent with the Company’s capital deployment initiatives, the
Company intends to utilize foreign cash to expand our international operations through internal growth and
strategic acquisitions. If our intent changes or if these funds are needed for our U.S. operations, we would be
required to accrue any associated taxes on some or all of these undistributed earnings and our effective tax rate
would be adversely affected.

Credit Facility

In addition to available cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, we have an available revolving
line of credit (“LOC”) with a bank, which provides up to $150.0 million, subject to certain funding conditions,
which expires in July 2022. At December 31, 2018, we had $150.0 million in available funding under the LOC.
See “Note 21. Credit Facility” in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplemental Data.”

Share Repurchase

In September 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our
stock over a thirty-month period. In November 2017, our Board of Directors approved an extension of the share
repurchase program to December 2019 from its original maturity of March 2018. In May 2018, our Board of
Directors approved a $50.0 million increase in its authorization to repurchase shares of our common stock under
this same program. As of December 31, 2018, we had $24.9 million remaining for the future repurchase of shares
of our common stock.

In order to execute the repurchase of shares of our common stock, the Company periodically enters into
stock repurchase agreements. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 the Company has
repurchased the following shares of our common stock (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Amount paid to repurchase shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of shares repurchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average repurchase price per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$95,125
1,696
$ 56.07

$29,993
422
$ 71.07

$—
343
$—

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016 (1)

(1)

In November 2015 we entered into a Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Transaction to
purchase $50.0 million of shares of our common stock in the open market. A total of 1.7 million shares of
our common stock was repurchased under the Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreement at an
average price of $28.99 per share. The final 0.3 million shares of our common stock was delivered in 2016.

46

CASH FLOWS

A summary of our cash provided by and used in operating, investing, and financing activities is as follows

(in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Net cash provided by operating activities from

continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 151,427

$189,956

$127,144

Net cash used in operating activities from

discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(156)

(7,255)

(7,857)

Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . .

151,271

182,701

119,287

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(113,592)

(28,082)

Net cash used in investing activities from

discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities . .

(113,592)

(28,082)

300

—

300

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(97,134)

(31,307)

2,171

Net cash used in financing activities from

discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

(29)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities . .

(97,134)

(31,307)

2,142

EFFECT OF CURRENCY TRANSLATION ON

CASH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(1,030)

2,208

(1,932)

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH

EQUIVALENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(60,485)

125,520

119,797

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of

period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

415,037

289,517

169,720

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of

period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

354,552

415,037

289,517

Less cash and cash equivalents from discontinued

operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,251

7,754

7,564

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FROM

CONTINUING OPERATIONS, end of period . . .

$ 349,301

$407,283

$281,953

2018 Compared To 2017

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in 2018 was $151.3 million, a decrease of $31.4 million, or 17.2%
compared to $182.7 million for the same period in 2017. The decrease in net cash flows from operating activities
was primarily due lower earnings adjusted for non-cash items and by cash required to support increases in
accounts receivable and inventory and decreases to our accounts payable.

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities in 2018 was $113.6 million, compared to $28.1 million in 2017. In
2018, we used $93.8 million for acquisitions compared to $17.3 million in 2017. Capital expenditures increased
$11.3 million from $9.0 million in 2017 to $20.3 million in 2018 to support new facilities and manufacturing
operations.

47

Net cash used in financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $97.1 million in 2018 as compared to $31.3 million in 2017 and is

primarily due to increased deployment of capital under the Company’s share repurchase program.

2017 Compared To 2016

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in 2017 was $182.7 million, an increase of $63.4 million, or 53.2%
compared to $119.3 million for the same period in 2016. The increase in net cash flows from operating activities
was primarily due to improved earnings from continuing operations and timing of taxes, partially offset by
increased cash required for accounts receivable and inventory to support current business volume.

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities in 2017 was $(28.1) million, compared to $0.3 million in
2016. Included in cash used in investing activities for 2017 was $17.3 million for the acquisition of Excelsys and
$3.5 million for the purchase of a foreign currency exchange hedge for an anticipated transaction which was not
completed. Capital expenditures in 2017 increased $2.2 million from $6.8 million in 2016 to $9.0 million in 2017
to support new facilities and manufacturing operations.

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities in 2017 was $(31.3) million, a $(33.4) million change
from $2.1 million cash provided by financing activities in 2016. The increase in cash used in financing activities
is due to the repurchase of $30.0 million in company stock in 2017.

48

Effect of currency translation on cash

The effect of foreign currency translations on cash had a $1.0 million unfavorable impact for the year ended

December 31, 2018 compared to a $2.2 million favorable impact for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our
foreign operations primarily sell product and incur expenses in the related local currency. Exchange rate
fluctuations could require us to increase prices to foreign customers, which could result in lower net sales by us
to such customers. Alternatively, if we do not adjust the prices for our products in response to unfavorable
currency fluctuations, our results of operations could be adversely impacted. The functional currencies of our
worldwide operations include U.S. dollar (“USD”), Canadian Dollar (“CAD”), Swiss Franc (“CHF”), Chinese
Yuan (“CNY”), Danish Krone (“DKK”), Euro (“EUR”), Pound Sterling (“GBP”), Israeli New Shekel (“ILS”),
Indian Rupee (“INR”), Japanese Yen (“JPY”), South Korean Won (“KRW”), Singapore Dollar (“SGD”) and
New Taiwan Dollar (“TWD”). Our purchasing and sales activities are primarily denominated in USD, CNY,
EUR, and JPY. The change in these key currency rates during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and
2016 are as follows:

From

CAD
CHF
CNY
DKK
EUR
GBP
ILS
INR
JPY
KRW
SGD
TWD

To

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

2018

(7.9)%
(0.8)%
(5.4)%
(4.7)%
(4.5)%
(5.6)%
(7.2)%
(8.2)%
2.4%
(4.2)%
(2.0)%
(2.9)%

Years Ended December 31,
2017

7.1%
4.4%
6.7%
N/A
13.9%
9.3%
N/A
6.5%
3.9%
13.0%
8.2%
8.8%

2016

2.9%
(1.6)%
(6.5)%
N/A
(3.1)%
(16.2)%
N/A
(2.5)%
2.8%
(2.5)%
(2.0)%
1.8%

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements or variable interest entities.

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth our future payments due under contractual obligations as of December 31,

2018:

Operating lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income tax obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pension funding commitment

Total

$ 49,251
121,918
12,677
21,036

Less than
1 year

$

9,093
121,918
953
828

1-3 years

3-5 years

$14,499
—
2,234
1,656

$ 7,310
—
3,211
1,656

More
than
5 years

$18,349
—
6,279
16,896

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$204,882

$132,792

$18,389

$12,177

$41,524

Purchase obligations include firm commitments and agreements with various suppliers to ensure the
availability of components. For more information, see Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies in Item 8
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Income tax obligations are a result of the Tax Act and includes
a transition tax on unremitted foreign earnings and profits, of which we have elected to pay the estimated amount
over an eight-year period. For more information see Note 5. Income Taxes in Item 8 “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.”

49

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards setting bodies
issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) are
communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). Unless otherwise discussed, we
believe that the impact of recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted in the future, is not
expected to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

To understand the impact of recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted, please review the

information provided in Note 1. Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates in
Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risk and Risk Management

In the normal course of business, we have exposures to interest rate risk from our investments, credit
facility, and foreign exchange rate risk related to our foreign operations and foreign currency transactions.

Interest Rate Risk

Our market risk exposure relates to changes in interest rates in our investment portfolio and credit facility.

We generally place our investments with high-credit quality issuers and by policy are averse to principal loss and
seek to protect and preserve our invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk, and reinvestment risk.

As of December 31, 2018, our investments consisted primarily of certificates of deposit with maturity of
less than 1 years. As a measurement of the sensitivity of our portfolio and assuming that our investment portfolio
balances remain constant, a hypothetical decrease of 100 basis points (1%) in interest rates would decrease
annual pre-tax earnings by a nominal amount.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates through sales and purchasing transactions

when we sell products and purchase materials in currencies different from the currency in which product and
manufacturing costs were incurred. The functional currencies of our worldwide facilities primarily include the
USD, EUR, KRW, TWD, ILS, GBP, and CNY. Our purchasing and sales activities are primarily denominated in
the USD, JPY, EUR and CNY. We may be impacted by changes in the relative buying power of our customers,
which may impact sales volumes either positively or negatively. As these currencies fluctuate against each other,
and other currencies, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk on sales, purchasing transactions and
labor.

Acquisitions are a large component of our capital deployment strategy. A significant number of acquisition

target opportunities are located outside the U.S. and their value may be denominated in foreign currency.
Changes in exchange rates therefore may have a material impact on their valuation in USD and therefore may
impact our view of their attractiveness.

From time to time, we may enter into foreign currency exchange rate contracts to hedge against changes in
foreign currency exchange rates on assets and liabilities expected to be settled at a future date, including foreign
currency, which may be required for a potential foreign acquisition. Market risk arises from the potential adverse
effects on the value of derivative instruments that result from a change in foreign currency exchange rates. We
may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to manage the exchange rate risk associated with intercompany
debt denominated in nonfunctional currencies. We minimize our market risk applicable to foreign currency
exchange rate contracts by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of our
derivative contract instruments. We enter into derivative contract instruments for risk management purposes
only. We do not enter into or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

50

Our reported financial results of operations, including the reported value of our assets and liabilities, are also

impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Assets and liabilities of substantially all of our
subsidiaries outside the U.S. are translated at period end rates of exchange for each reporting period. Operating
results and cash flow statements are translated at weighted-average rates of exchange during each reporting
period. Although these translation changes have no immediate cash impact, the translation changes may impact
future borrowing capacity, and overall value of our net assets.

Currency exchange rates vary daily and often one currency strengthens against the USD while another

currency weakens. Because of the complex interrelationship of the worldwide supply chains and distribution
channels, it is difficult to quantify the impact of a change in one or more particular exchange rates.

51

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

53
57
58
59
60
61
62

52

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (a Delaware
corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated
statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial
statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018,
based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated February 21, 2019
expressed an unqualified opinion.

Changes in accounting principles

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, in the first quarter of 2018, the Company
changed its method of accounting for revenue due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification
Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, in the first quarter of 2018, the Company
changed its method of accounting for income taxes due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-16,
Accounting for Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Asset Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with
the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.

53

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004.

Denver, CO

February 21, 2019

54

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (a Delaware
corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in the
2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in the 2013
Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended
December 31, 2018, and our report dated February 21, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial
statements.

Basis for opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (“Management’s Report”). Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable
basis for our opinion.

Our audit of, and opinion on, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does not include the
internal control over financial reporting of Trek Holdings Co., LTD, and LumaSense Technologies Holdings,
Inc., two wholly-owned subsidiaries, whose aggregate financial statements reflect total assets and revenues
constituting 14 and 5 percent, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for
the year ended December 31, 2018. As indicated in Management’s Report, Trek Holdings Co., LTD, and
LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc. were acquired during 2018. Management’s assertion on the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting excluded internal control over financial
reporting of Trek Holdings Co., LTD, and LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc.

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,

55

accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Denver, CO

February 21, 2019

56

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts and other receivable, net of allowances of $1,856 and $1,748

respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current assets from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deposits and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-current assets from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL ASSETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued payroll and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customer deposits and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current liabilities from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-current liabilities from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, none issued and

December 31,

2018

2017

$349,301
2,470

$407,283
3,104

100,442
97,987
2,220
10,173
5,855
568,448
31,269
6,874
101,900
54,910
47,099
5,984
$816,484

$ 39,646
13,258
21,775
22,999
7,345
5,286
110,309
6,988
14,318
29,108
37,744
10,715
209,182

87,429
78,450
1,295
8,129
9,535
595,225
17,795
3,051
53,812
33,499
18,841
11,085
$733,308

$ 48,177
5,365
18,412
19,913
6,402
7,850
106,119
4,556
17,031
33,402
36,282
15,277
212,667

outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

Common stock, $0.001 par value, 70,000 shares authorized; 38,164 and 39,604 issued

and outstanding, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advanced Energy stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Noncontrolling interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38
97,418
(3,449)
512,783
606,790
512
607,302
$816,484

40
184,843
2,533
333,225
520,641
—
520,641
$733,308

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

57

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Sales, net:

Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$610,326
108,566

$578,650
92,362

$410,580
73,124

Total sales, net

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

718,892

671,012

483,704

Cost of sales:

Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

298,597
54,688

267,587
47,044

192,694
37,863

Total cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

353,285

314,631

230,557

Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses:

365,607

356,381

253,147

Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selling, general and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restructuring expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76,008
108,033
5,774
4,239

57,999
93,262
4,350
—

44,445
77,678
4,167
—

Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

194,054

155,611

126,290

Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expense), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income from continuing operations before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

171,553
823

172,376
25,227

Income from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . .

147,149
(38)

200,770
(2,579)

198,191
62,090

136,101
1,760

126,857
1,219

128,076
11,128

116,948
10,506

Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$147,111

$137,861

$127,454

Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest

. . .

86

—

—

Net income attributable to Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

. . . . . . . . . .

$147,025

$137,861

$127,454

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,081
39,352

39,754
40,176

39,720
40,031

Earnings per share:

Continuing operations:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

3.76
3.74

$
$

Discontinued operations:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ — $
$ — $

Net income:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

3.76
3.74

$
$

3.42
3.39

0.04
0.04

3.47
3.43

$
$

$
$

$
$

2.94
2.92

0.26
0.26

3.21
3.18

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

58

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other comprehensive income:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$147,111

$137,861

$127,454

Foreign currency translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minimum benefit retirement liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5,285)
—
(697)

8,305
(2)
1,163

(3,631)
5
(3,841)

Comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$141,129

$147,327

$119,987

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

—

—

Comprehensive income attributable to Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

. . . .

$141,043

$147,327

$119,987

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

59

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)

Common Stock

Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Shares Amount

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Foreign
Currency
Translation

Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
on
Marketable
Securities

Minimum
Benefit
Retirement
Liability

Retained
Earnings

Non-controlling
Interest

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Balances, January 1, 2016 . . . . . . . . . 39,756

$ 40

$195,096

$

21

$ (3)

$

516

$ 67,910

$—

$263,580

Stock issued from equity

plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation . . . . —
Stock buyback . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

299 —
—
(343) —

Comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation . . . —
Unrealized gain on marketable

securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Minimum benefit retirement

liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Total comprehensive

income (loss) . . . . . . . . . —

—

—

—
—

—

2,175
6,332
—

—

—

—
—

—

—
—
—

(3,631)

—

—
—

(3,631)

—
—
—

—

—
—

5

5

2

—
—
—

—

—

—
—
—

—

—

(3,841)
—

—
127,454

—
—
—

—

—

—
—

(3,841)

127,454

$(3,325)

$195,364

—

$—

Balances, December 31, 2016 . . . . . . 39,712

$ 40

$203,603

$(3,610)

$

Stock issued from equity

plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation . . . . —
Stock buyback . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

314 —
—
(422) —

Comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation . . . —
Unrealized loss on marketable

securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Minimum benefit retirement

liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Total comprehensive

income (loss) . . . . . . . . . —

—

—

—
—

—

(1,316)
12,549
(29,993)

—

—

—
—

—

—
—
—

8,305

—

—
—

—
—
—

—

(2)

—
—

—
—
—

—

—

—
—
—

—

—

1,163
—

—
137,861

8,305

(2)

1,163

137,861

Balances, December 31, 2017 . . . . . . 39,604

$ 40

$184,843

$ 4,695

$—

$(2,162)

$333,225

Adoption of new accounting

standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Non-controlling interest from

acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

—

—

Stock issued from equity

plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation . . . . —
Stock buyback . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(1,696)

256 —
—

Comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation . . . —
Minimum benefit retirement

liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Total comprehensive

income (loss) . . . . . . . . . —

(2)

—

—
—

—

—

—

(2,005)
9,703
(95,123)

—

—
—

—

—

—

—
—
—

(5,285)

—
—

(5,285)

Balances at December 31, 2018 . . . . 38,164

$ 38

$ 97,418

$ (590)

—

—

—
—
—

—

—
—

—

—

—
—
—

—

32,533

—

—
—
—

—

(697)
—

—
147,025

—

$—

(697)

147,025

$(2,859)

$512,783

—
—
—

—

—

—
—

—

$—

—

426

—
—
—

—

—

86

86

$512

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

60

2,175
6,332
—

(3,631)

5

(3,841)
127,454

119,987

$392,074

(1,316)
12,549
(29,993)

8,305

(2)

1,163
137,861

147,327

$520,641

32,533

426

(2,005)
9,703
(95,125)

(5,285)

(697)
147,111

141,129

$607,302

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 147,111
(38)

$137,861
1,760

$127,454
10,506

Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

147,149

136,101

116,948

Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on foreign exchange hedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net loss on disposal of assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired:

Accounts and other receivable, net
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other liabilities and accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13,592
9,703
5,618
—
481

3,445
(11,276)
(2,975)
(12,618)
(3,239)
1,547

9,424
12,549
28,765
3,489
122

(7,497)
(19,261)
(1,030)
1,812
7,159
18,323

7,813
6,332
3,570
—
319

(21,603)
(6,359)
(1,358)
18,957
2,169
356

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

151,427
(156)

189,956
(7,255)

127,144
(7,857)

Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

151,271

182,701

119,287

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of foreign exchange hedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchases of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(95)
589
(93,756)
—
(20,330)

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities from continuing operations . . . . .
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(113,592)

—

(107)
1,903
(17,347)
(3,489)
(9,042)

(28,082)
—

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(113,592)

(28,082)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Purchase and retirement of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net (payments) proceeds related to stock-based award activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities from continuing operations . . . .
Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EFFECT OF CURRENCY TRANSLATION ON CASH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less cash and cash equivalents from discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(95,125)
(2,009)

(97,134)
—

(97,134)
(1,030)

(60,485)
415,037

354,552
5,251

(29,993)
(1,314)

(31,307)
—

(31,307)
2,208

125,520
289,517

415,037
7,754

(763)
7,884
—
—
(6,821)

300
—

300

—
2,171

2,171
(29)

2,142
(1,932)

119,797
169,720

289,517
7,564

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS, end of period . . . . .

$ 349,301

$407,283

$281,953

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash paid for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash received for refunds of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash held in banks outside the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

228
16,190
1,135
192,441

$

66
5,314
1,448
285,686

$

173
5,647
2,232
230,168

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

61

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we use the terms “Advanced Energy”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” or

“our” to refer to Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

NOTE 1. OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND
ESTIMATES

We design, manufacture, sell and support precision power products that transform, refine, and modify the

raw electrical power from the utility and convert it into various types of highly-controllable usable power that is
predictable, repeatable and customizable. Our power solutions enable innovation in complex semiconductor and
thin film plasma processes such as dry etch, strip, chemical and physical deposition, high and low voltage
applications such as process control, analytical instrumentation and medical equipment, and in temperature-
critical thermal applications such as material and chemical processing. We also supply related instrumentation
products for advanced temperature measurement and control, electrostatic instrumentation products for test and
measurement applications, and gas sensing and monitoring solutions for multiple industrial markets. Our network
of global service support centers provides local repair and field service capability in key regions as well as
provide upgrades and refurbishment services, and sales of used equipment to businesses that use our products. As
of December 31, 2015, we discontinued our Inverter production, engineering, and sales product line. As such, all
Inverter revenues, costs, assets and liabilities are reported in Discontinued Operations for all periods presented
herein and we currently report as a single unit. See Note 4. Discontinued Operations for more information.

Principles of Consolidation — Our Consolidated Financial Statements include our accounts and the
accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are stated in United States dollars and have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements — The preparation of our
Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates, assumptions
and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting
period. We believe that the significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments when accounting for items and
matters such as allowances for doubtful accounts, excess and obsolete inventory, warranty reserves, acquisitions,
asset valuations, asset life, depreciation, amortization, recoverability of assets, impairments, deferred revenue,
stock option and restricted stock grants, taxes, and other provisions are reasonable, based upon information
available at the time they are made. Actual results may differ from these estimates, making it possible that a
change in these estimates could occur in the near term.

Foreign Currency Translation — The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is their local

currency, with the exception of our manufacturing facility in Shenzhen, The People’s Republic of China (“PRC”)
and our regional headquarters in Singapore, where the United States dollar is the functional currency. Assets and
liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated to United States dollars at period-end exchange rates, and our
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows are translated at average exchange rates during the
period. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive
income.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the local currency are recorded based on exchange rates
at the time such transactions arise. Subsequent changes in exchange rates result in foreign currency transaction
gains and losses which are reflected as unrealized (based on period end translation) or realized (upon settlement
of the transactions) in other income, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

62

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — We value our financial assets and liabilities using fair value
measurements. Fair value is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability
in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amount of cash and
cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued
liabilities, and other current liabilities in our Consolidated Financial Statements approximates fair value because
of the short-term nature of the instruments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — We consider all amounts on deposit with financial institutions and highly

liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash
equivalents are highly liquid investments that consist primarily of short-term money market instruments and
demand deposits with insignificant interest rate risk and original maturities of three months or less at the time of
purchase.

Sometimes we invest excess cash in money market funds not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation. We believe that the investments in money market funds are on deposit with credit-worthy financial
institutions and that the funds are highly liquid. The investments in money market funds are reported at fair
value, with interest income recorded in earnings and are included in “Cash and cash equivalents.” The fair values
of our investments in money market funds are based on the quoted market prices.

At December 31, 2018 we had $0.7 million and at December 31, 2017 we had $1.2 million, of cash included
in cash and cash equivalents that is used to collateralize certain tax, custom and purchasing card programs and is
restricted from immediate withdrawal.

Marketable Securities — All of our investments in marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale

at the respective balance sheet dates. Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair
value based upon quoted market prices, and any temporary difference between the cost and fair value of the
investment is presented as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We
recognize gains and losses on the date our investments mature or are sold and record these gains and losses in
other income, net. The specific identification method is used to determine the gains and losses on investments in
marketable securities.

Concentrations of Credit Risk — Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to credit risk, include
cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and trade accounts receivable. To preserve capital and maintain
liquidity, we invest with financial institutions we deem to be of high quality and sound financial condition. Our
investments are in low-risk instruments and we limit our credit exposure in any one institution or type of
investment instrument based upon criteria including creditworthiness.

At December 31, 2018, our accounts receivable from Applied Materials and Lam Research were
$34.3 million, or 34.2% and $12.2 million, or 12.1% of our total accounts receivable, respectively. At
December 31, 2017, our accounts receivable from Applied Materials and Lam Research were $36.8 million, or
42.0% and $5.4 million, or 6.2% of our total accounts receivable, respectively. No other customer balance
exceeded 10% of our total accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017. We have
established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific
customers, historical trends, and other information.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts — Accounts receivable are recorded at net

realizable value. We maintain a credit approval process and we make significant judgments in connection with
assessing our customers’ ability to pay. Despite this assessment, from time to time, our customers are unable to

63

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

meet their payment obligations. We continuously monitor our customers’ credit worthiness and use our judgment
in establishing a provision for estimated credit losses based upon our historical experience and any specific
customer collection issues that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our
expectations and the provisions established, there is no assurance that we will continue to experience the same
credit loss rates that we have in the past. A significant change in the liquidity or financial position of our
customers could have a material adverse impact on the collectability of accounts receivable and our future
operating results.

Changes in allowance for doubtful accounts are summarized as follows:

Years Ended
December 31,
2017

2016

2018

Balances at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additions from acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additions — charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deductions — write-offs, net of recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$1,748
416
109
(417)

$ 8,739
$1,943
—
—
— 1,332
(8,128)

(195)

Balances at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$1,856

$1,748

$ 1,943

Inventories — Inventories include costs of materials, direct labor, manufacturing overhead, in-bound
freight, and duty. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value and
are presented net of reserves for excess and obsolete inventory.

We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision to write-down excess and obsolete

inventory to its estimated net realizable value, if less than cost, based primarily on historical usage and our
estimated forecast of product demand. Demand for our products can fluctuate significantly. A significant
decrease in demand could result in an increase in the charges for excess inventory quantities on hand.

In addition, our industry is subject to technological change, new product development, and product
technological obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on
hand. Therefore, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a
significant impact on the value of our inventory and our reported operating results.

Property and Equipment — Property and equipment is stated at cost or estimated fair value if acquired in a

business combination. Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives using the straight-line method.
Estimated useful lives for financial reporting purposes are as follows: buildings, 20 to 40 years; machinery,
equipment, furniture and fixtures and vehicles, three to 15 years; and computer and communication equipment,
three years.

Amortization of leasehold improvements is calculated using the straight-line method over the lease term or

the estimated useful life of the assets, whichever period is shorter. Leasehold additions and improvements are
capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

When depreciable assets are retired, or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation

are removed from the accounts and any related gains or losses are included in other income, net, in our
Consolidated Statements of Operations.

64

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Intangible Assets, Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets — As a result of our acquisitions, we identified
and recorded intangible assets and goodwill. Intangible assets are valued based on estimates of future cash flows
and amortized over their estimated useful lives. Goodwill is subject to annual impairment testing, as well as
testing upon the occurrence of any event that indicates a potential impairment. Intangible assets and other long-
lived assets are subject to an impairment test if there is an indicator of impairment. The carrying value and
ultimate realization of these assets is dependent upon our estimates of future earnings and benefits that we expect
to generate from their use. If our expectations of future results and cash flows are significantly diminished,
intangible assets and goodwill may be impaired and the resulting charge to operations may be material. When we
determine that the carrying value of intangibles or other long-lived assets may not be recoverable based upon the
existence of one or more indicators of impairment, we use the projected undiscounted cash flow method to
determine whether an impairment exists, and then measure the impairment using discounted cash flows.

The estimation of useful lives and expected cash flows requires us to make significant judgments regarding

future periods that are subject to some factors outside of our control. Changes in these estimates can result in
significant revisions to our carrying value of these assets and may result in material charges to our results of
operations.

The annual impairment test for goodwill can be performed using an assessment of qualitative factors in
determining if it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. If this assessment indicates that it is more
likely than not that goodwill is impaired, the next step of impairment testing compares the fair value of a
reporting unit to its carrying value. Goodwill would be impaired if the resulting implied fair value of goodwill
was less than the recorded carrying value of the goodwill.

Revenue Recognition — We recognize revenue when we have satisfied our performance obligations which
typically occurs when control of the products or services have been transferred to our customers. The transaction
price is based upon the standalone selling price. In most transactions, we have no obligations to our customers
after the date products are shipped, other than pursuant to warranty obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any
taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Shipping and
handling fees, if any, are recognized as revenue. The related shipping and handling costs is recognized in cost of
sales. We expense incremental costs of obtaining contracts when the amortization period of the costs is less than
1 year. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses. Repairs that are covered under
our standard warranty do not generate revenue.

We maintain a worldwide support organization in 10 countries, including the United States, the PRC, Japan,

Korea, Taiwan, Germany, Ireland, Singapore, Israel and Great Britain. Support services include warranty and
non-warranty repair services, upgrades, and refurbishments on the products we sell. Repairs that are covered
under our standard warranty do not generate revenue.

As part of our ongoing service business, we satisfy our service obligations under extended warranties and

preventive maintenance contracts. Extended warranties had previously been offered on our discontinued inverter
products. Any up-front fees received for extended warranties or maintenance plans are deferred and recognized
ratably over the service periods, as defined in the agreements. We have deferred revenue related to our extended
warranties and service contracts totaling $33.4 million as of December 31, 2018 and $37.5 million as of
December 31, 2017.

Research and Development Expenses — Costs incurred to advance, test or otherwise modify our
proprietary technology or develop new technologies are considered research and development costs and are
expensed when incurred. These costs are primarily comprised of costs associated with the operation of our
laboratories and research facilities, including internal labor, materials, and overhead.

65

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Warranty Costs — We provide for the estimated costs to fulfill customer warranty obligations upon the

recognition of the related revenue. We offer warranty coverage for a majority of our Precision Power products
for periods typically ranging from 12 to 24 months after shipment. We warranted our inverter products for five to
ten years and provided the option to purchase additional warranty coverage for up to 20 years. The warranty
expense accrued related to our standard inverter product warranties is now considered part of our discontinued
operations and is recorded as such on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 4. Discontinued Operations for
more information. See Note 15. Warranties for more information on our warranties from continuing operations.
We estimate the anticipated costs of repairing our products under such warranties based on the historical costs of
the repairs. The assumptions we use to estimate warranty accruals are reevaluated periodically, in light of actual
experience, and when appropriate, the accruals are adjusted. Should product failure rates differ from our
estimates, actual costs could vary significantly from our expectations.

Stock-Based Compensation — Accounting for stock-based compensation requires the measurement and
recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based
on estimated fair values. We have estimated the fair value of all stock options and awards on the date of grant
using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model, which is affected by our stock price, as well as assumptions
regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include our expected stock price
volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest
rates and expected dividends. We also estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in
subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from our estimates. Our expected volatility assumption is based on
the historical daily closing price of our stock over a period equivalent to the expected life of the options.

Income Taxes — We follow the liability method of accounting for income taxes under which deferred tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences. A deferred tax asset or liability is computed for
both the expected future impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and
liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Tax
rate changes are reflected in the period such changes are enacted.

We assess the recoverability of our net deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance on a
quarterly basis. Our assessment includes a number of factors including historical results and taxable income
projections for each jurisdiction. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent on the
generation of taxable income in appropriate jurisdictions during the periods in which those temporary differences
are deductible. We consider the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable
income, and tax planning strategies in determining the amount of the valuation allowance. Based on the level of
historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred income
tax assets are deductible, we determine if we will realize the benefits of these deductible differences.

Accounting for income taxes requires a two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions.

In general, we are subject to regular examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and
other tax authorities. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining, if based on the
technical merits, it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon audit, including resolutions of
related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount
that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We regularly assess the likelihood of
favorable or unfavorable outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision
for income taxes. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or
circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was enacted into law and the new legislation contains several key tax

provisions that affected us, including a one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings and a

66

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

reduction of the corporate income tax rate to 21%, among others. In conjunction with the Tax Act enactment, the
SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act (“SAB 118”), which allowed for the recording of provisional amounts related to the Tax Act and subsequent
adjustments related to the Tax Act during an up to one-year measurement period. The Company recorded what it
believed to be reasonable estimates during the SAB 118 measurement period which lasted from December 2017
to December 2018. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, the Company finalized the accounting
treatment of the income tax effects of the Tax Act. Although the SAB 118 measurement period has ended, there
may be some aspects of the Tax Act that remain subject to future regulations and/or notices which may further
clarify certain provisions of the Tax Act. Accordingly, the Company may need to adjust its previously recorded
amounts to reflect the recognition and measurement of its tax accounting positions in accordance with
Accounting Standards Codification Topic-740, “Income Taxes” which could be material.

Commitments and Contingencies — From time to time we are involved in disputes and legal actions

arising in the normal course of our business. While we currently believe that the amount of any ultimate loss
would not be material to our financial position, the outcome of these actions is inherently difficult to predict. In
the event of an adverse outcome, the ultimate loss could have a material adverse effect on our financial position
or reported results of operations in a particular period. An unfavorable decision, particularly in patent litigation,
could require material changes in production processes and products or result in our inability to ship products or
components found to have violated third-party patent rights. We accrue loss contingencies when it is probable
that a loss has occurred or will occur and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Our estimates of
probability of losses are subjective, involve significant judgment and uncertainties, and are based on the best
information we have at any given point in time. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with
our expectations could have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial condition

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards setting bodies
issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) are
communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). Unless otherwise discussed, we
believe that the impact of recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted in the future, is not
expected to have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” to increase transparency and
comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and
disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018, including interim periods within the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted.

Advanced Energy has established a cross-functional implementation team to analyze its current portfolio of

lease contracts. We are currently in the process of aggregating lease agreements and completing the individual
lease analysis in accordance with ASU 2016-02. The implementation team is also responsible for identifying and
implementing changes to existing business processes, controls, and systems in order to support lease accounting
and disclosure under the new standard. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative
effect transition method. We will adopt the new lease guidance effective January 1, 2019 with a cumulative
adjustment to the opening balance of Retained earnings as opposed to retrospectively adjusting our prior periods.
While Advanced Energy has not yet completed its evaluation we anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2016-02
will have a significant impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheets values for right of use assets and the related

67

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

lease liabilities, mainly driven by building and facility leases. The current estimate of right of use assets and
related capital lease liabilities to be recorded upon adoption of ASC 842 is $40.0 million to $60.0 million.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income”

to give companies the option to reclassify the income tax effects on items within accumulated other
comprehensive income resulting from the Tax Act to retained earnings. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted.
Advanced Energy is currently assessing the impact of adopting ASU 2018-02 and does not expect its adoption to
have a significant impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718)”,

Improvements to Non-employee Share-based Payments (“ASU 2018-07”). This ASU expands the scope of Topic
718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees. ASU
2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The new
guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial
application. Advanced Energy is currently assessing and does not believe ASU 2018-07 will have a significant
impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)” (“ASU

2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair
Value Measurement, based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and
benefits. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2019 and shall be applied to all
periods presented on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. Advanced Energy is currently assessing
and does not believe ASU 2018-13 will have a significant impact on its fair value measurements disclosure
requirement.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation — Retirement Benefits — Defined Benefit

Plans — General (Subtopic 715-20)” (“ASU 2018-14”). ASU 2018-14 eliminates requirements for certain
disclosures and requires additional disclosures under defined benefit pension plans and other post-retirement
plans. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 and shall be applied to all
periods presented on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. Advanced Energy is currently assessing
the impact ASU 2018-14 may have on its Consolidated Financial Statements disclosures.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and has

subsequently issued several supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively known as “ASC 606”). ASC 606
implements a five-step model for how an entity should recognize revenue in order to depict the transfer of
promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects
to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after
December 15, 2017 and for the interim periods within that year. We adopted ASC 606 during the first quarter of
fiscal year 2018 using the modified retrospective approach and recorded an adjustment to reflect the cumulative-
effect of its adoption on all contracts with customers. See Note 3. Revenue for further details.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Accounting for Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Asset
Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory.” ASU 2016-16 changes the timing of income tax recognition for an
intercompany sale of assets. ASU 2016-16 requires the seller’s tax effects and the buyer’s deferred taxes to be
recognized immediately upon the sale instead of deferring accounting for the income tax implications until the

68

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

assets are sold to a third party or recovered through use. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2017 including interim periods within the year of adoption. We adopted ASU 2016-16 using the
modified retrospective approach. To reflect the cumulative-effect of adopting ASU 2016-16, in 2018 we recorded
adjustments that increased deferred income tax assets and retained earnings. During the first quarter of 2018 we
recorded an adjustment of $17.1 million and during the fourth quarter of 2018 we recorded an out of period
adjustment for an additional $12.8 million to reflect a revised assessment of the adoption of this standard. We
determined that the adjustment did not have a material impact to our current or previously issued consolidated
financial statements.

Cumulative-effect of recently adopted accounting pronouncements

The following table reflects the cumulative-effect of the adoption of ASC 606 and ASU 2016-16 using the

modified retrospective approach for:

Accounts and other receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . .

December 31,
2017 as
reported

$ 87,429
78,450
595,225
18,841
733,308
5,365
4,556
212,667
333,225
520,641
733,308

Impact
of
ASC 606

$ 8,251
(3,561)
4,690
—
4,690
—
1,143
1,143
3,547
3,547
4,690

Impact of
ASU 2016-16

$ —
—
—
29,907
29,907
921
—
921
28,986
28,986
29,907

January 1,
2018 as
adjusted

$ 95,680
74,889
599,915
48,748
767,905
6,286
5,699
214,731
365,758
553,174
767,905

NOTE 2. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS

LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc.

In September 2018, Advanced Energy acquired LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc. (“LumaSense”), a

privately held company with primary operations in Santa Clara, California, Frankfurt, Germany, and Ballerup,
Denmark for a purchase price of $94.9 million in cash.

Electrostatic Technology and Product Line

In May 2018, Advanced Energy acquired the electrostatic technology and product line from Monroe

Electronics, Inc. (“Monroe”) a privately held electronics manufacturer in Lyndonville, New York for
$3.0 million in cash.

Trek Holding Co., LTD

In February 2018, Advanced Energy acquired Trek Holding Co., LTD (“Trek”), a privately held company
with operations in Tokyo, Japan and Lockport, New York for $11.7 million in cash. Trek has a 95% ownership
interest in its U.S. subsidiary which is also its primary operation.

69

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Excelsys Holdings Limited

In July 2017, Advanced Energy acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of

Excelsys Holdings Limited (“Excelsys”), an electronics manufacturer in Cork, Ireland for $18.5 million in cash.

The components of the fair value of the total consideration transferred for our acquisitions are as follows:

2018

2017

Trek

Electrostatic
Product Line LumaSense

Total

Excelsys

Cash paid for acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$11,723
(5,651)

Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . .

$ 6,072

$3,000
—

$3,000

$ 94,946
(10,262)

$109,669
(15,913)

$18,512
(1,165)

$ 84,684

$ 93,756

$17,347

The following table summarizes estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from our

acquisitions:

Accounts and other receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2018

2017

Electrostatic
Product Line LumaSense

$

77
292
50
1,220
1,400
—
—

$

7,167
9,372
1,353
48,032
26,000
8,116
5,126

Total

Excelsys

$ 10,062
13,605
1,997
49,252
28,188
8,722
5,980

$ 1,930
1,048
256
8,929
7,585
35
605

3,039

105,166

117,806

20,388

39
—
—

39

5,734
7,984
6,764

6,520
7,984
9,546

20,482

24,050

1,342
946
753

3,041

Trek

$2,818
3,941
594
—
788
606
854

9,601

747
—
2,782

3,529

Total fair value of net assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$6,072

$3,000

$ 84,684

$ 93,756

$17,347

A summary of the intangible assets acquired, amortization method and estimated useful lives are as follows:

2018

2017

Method and Useful life

Trek

Electrostatic
Product Line LumaSense Excelsys

Amortization
Method

Useful
Life

Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$671
117
Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tradename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$788

$1,200
200
—

$1,400

$20,000
6,000
—

$5,808 Straight-line
1,595 Straight-line
182 Straight-line

10
10
5

$26,000

$7,585

Goodwill and intangible assets are recorded in the functional currency of the entity and are subject to
changes due to translation at each balance sheet date. The goodwill represents expected operating synergies from

70

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

combining operations with the acquired companies and the estimated value associated with the enhancements to
our comprehensive product lines. Advanced Energy is in the process of finalizing the assessment of fair value for
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the LumaSense acquisition.

Pro forma results for Advanced Energy Inc. giving effect to the LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc. and Trek
Holding Co., LTD acquisitions

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of
Advanced Energy Inc., Trek and LumaSense as if the acquisitions had been completed as of the beginning of the
prior fiscal year, or January 1, 2017. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for
informational purposes and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the
acquisitions had taken place on January 1, 2017, nor are they indicative of future results.

The unaudited pro forma financial information for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes Advanced
Energy’s results, including the post-acquisition results of Trek, since February 1, 2018, and the pre-acquisition
results of Trek for that period, and including the post-acquisition results of LumaSense, since September 1, 2018,
and the pre-acquisition results of LumaSense for that period. The unaudited pro forma financial information for
the year ended December 31, 2017 combines Advanced Energy’s results with the pre-acquisition results of Trek
and the pre-acquisition results of LumaSense for that period. The unaudited pro forma results for the years ended:

Total sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income attributable to Advanced Energy

Industries, Inc.
Earnings per share:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

December 31, 2018

December 31, 2017

As reported

Pro forma

As reported

Pro forma

718,892

758,934

671,012

752,091

147,025

148,456

137,861

141,907

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

3.76
3.74

$
$

3.80
3.77

$
$

3.47
3.43

$
$

3.57
3.53

The unaudited pro forma results for all periods presented include adjustments made to account for certain

costs and transactions that would have been incurred had the acquisitions been completed as of January 1, 2017.
These adjustments including amortization charges for acquired intangible assets, adjustments for acquisition
transaction costs and amortization of purchased gross profit. These adjustments are net of any applicable tax
impact and were included to arrive at the pro forma results above.

Trek’s operating results have been included in the Advanced Energy’s operating results for the periods
subsequent to the completion of the acquisition on February 1, 2018. Trek contributed total sales of $21.3 million
for the year ended December 31, 2018 and a net income of $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

LumaSense’s operating results have been included in the Advanced Energy’s operating results for the
periods subsequent to the completion of the acquisition on September 1, 2018. LumaSense contributed total sales
of $17.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and a net (loss) of $(1.1) million for the year ended
December 31, 2018.

Advanced Energy incurred transaction-related costs of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

These cost include $1.7 million included in “Selling, general and administrative” and $0.6 million included in
“Cost of sales” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. These transaction-related costs consisted of the
LumaSense acquisition transaction and integration costs, warranty and indemnity insurance costs and the
amortization of purchased gross profit.

71

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

NOTE 3. REVENUE

Adoption of ASC 606, “Revenue from Contract with Customers”

Advanced Energy adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method by recognizing the cumulative
effect of the adoption of ASC 606, for all contracts with customers, to the opening balance of equity at January 1,
2018. Therefore, our comparative financial information for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 has not
been adjusted and continues to be reported under ASC Topic 605. The cumulative effect adjustment was based
on the timing difference of revenue recognition between ASC Topic 605 and ASC 606 related to our inventory
stocking agreements. Under ASC 606, revenue related to our inventory stocking agreements are recognized when
inventory is shipped to our customers. Under ASC Topic 605, revenue was recognized when the inventory was
consumed by our customers. The tables below show the quantitative impact of ASC 606 on our consolidated
financial statements.

Accounts and other receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL ASSETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advanced Energy stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND

December 31, 2018

As Reported

Adjustments

$100,442
97,987
568,448
816,484
13,258
110,309
6,988
209,182
512,783
606,790
607,302

$(19,733)
8,218
(11,515)
(11,515)
(1,606)
(1,606)
(1,143)
(2,749)
(8,766)
(8,766)
(8,766)

Balances
without
adoption of
ASC 606

$ 80,709
106,205
556,933
804,969
11,652
108,703
5,845
206,433
504,017
598,024
598,536

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY . . . . . . . . . . . . .

816,484

(11,515)

804,969

72

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Product sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total sales, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations, before income
taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision (benefit) for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income attributable to Advanced Energy

Year Ended December 31, 2018

As Reported

Adjustments

$610,326
718,892
298,597
353,285
365,607
171,553

172,376
25,227
147,149
147,111

$(11,482)
(11,482)
(4,657)
(4,657)
(6,825)
(6,825)

(6,825)
(1,606)
(5,219)
(5,219)

Balances
without
adoption of
ASC 606

$598,844
707,410
293,940
348,628
358,782
164,728

165,551
23,621
141,930
141,892

Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

147,025

(5,219)

141,806

Year Ended December 31, 2018

As Reported

Adjustments

Balances
without
adoption of
ASC 606

147,111

(5,219)

141,892

147,149

(5,219)

141,930

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations, net of income
taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash

provided by operating activities:

Provision for deferred income taxes . . . . . . . .

5,618

(1,606)

4,012

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of

assets acquired:

Accounts and other receivable, net . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,445
(11,276)

11,482
(4,657)

14,927
(15,933)

Net cash provided by operating activities from

continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

151,427

—

151,427

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when we have satisfied our performance obligations which typically occurs when
control of the products or services have been transferred to our customers. The transaction price is based upon
the standalone selling price. In most transactions, we have no obligations to our customers after the date products
are shipped, other than pursuant to warranty obligations. Shipping and handling fees billed to customers, if any,
are recognized as revenue. The related shipping and handling costs are recognized in cost of sales. Support
services include warranty and non-warranty repair services, upgrades, and refurbishments on the products we
sell. Repairs that are covered under our standard warranty do not generate revenue.

Practical Expedients

We expense incremental costs of obtaining contracts when the amortization period of the costs is less than 1

year. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses.

73

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Nature of goods and services

Products

Advanced Energy provides highly-engineered, mission-critical, precision power conversion, measurement

and control solutions to our global customers. We design, manufacture, sell and support precision power products
that transform electrical power into various usable forms. Our power conversion products refine, modify and
control the raw electrical power from a utility and convert it into power that is predictable, repeatable and
customizable. Our products enable thin film manufacturing processes such as plasma enhanced chemical and
physical deposition and etch for various semiconductor and industrial products, industrial thermal applications
for material and chemical processes, and specialty power for critical industrial technology applications. We also
supply thermal instrumentation products for advanced temperature measurement and control in these markets.

Our products are designed to enable new process technologies, improve productivity, and lower the cost of

ownership for our customers. We also provide repair and maintenance services for all of our products. We
principally serve original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”) and end customers in the semiconductor, flat panel
display, high voltage, solar panel, and other industrial capital equipment markets. Our products are used in
diverse markets, applications, and processes including the manufacture of capital equipment for semiconductor
device manufacturing, thin film applications for thin film renewables and architectural glass, and for other thin
film applications including flat panel displays, and industrial coatings.

Services

Our global support services group offers warranty and after-market repair services in the regions in which
we operate, providing us with preventive maintenance opportunities. Our customers continue to pursue low cost
of ownership of their capital equipment and are increasingly sensitive to the costs of system downtime. They
expect that suppliers offer comprehensive local repair service and customer support. To meet these market
requirements, we maintain a worldwide support organization comprising of both direct and indirect activities,
through partnership with local distributors, primarily in the United States (“U.S.”), the People’s Republic of
China (“PRC”), Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Germany, Singapore and United Kingdom.

As part of our ongoing service business, we satisfy our service obligations under preventative maintenance
contracts and extended warranties which had previously been offered on our discontinued inverter products. Any
up-front fees received for extended warranties or maintenance plans are deferred. Revenue under these
arrangements is recognized ratably over the underlying terms as we do not have historical information which
would allow us to project the estimated service usage pattern at this time. We have deferred revenue related to
our extended warranties and service contracts totaling $33.4 million as of December 31, 2018 and $37.5 million
as of December 31, 2017. We are expected to recognize between $0.1 million and $3.7 million per year through
2034.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents our sales by product line:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Semiconductor capital market
Industrial technology capital market
Global support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$443,141
167,185
108,566

$461,701
116,949
92,362

$326,316
84,263
73,125

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892

$671,012

$483,704

74

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table presents our sales by geographic region, which includes a reclassification in prior

periods to conform to the current presentation:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Sales to external customers:
United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other North American countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Republic of Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
People’s Republic of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Asian countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other European countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94,793

Other countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

691

$370,839
1,995

51.5% $375,907
1,440
0.3

56.0% $327,397
0.2

161 —

67.7%

372,834
74,542
61,927
114,105

250,574
39,710
55,083

51.8
10.4
8.6
15.9

34.9
5.5
7.7

13.2

0.1

377,347
83,899
46,099
91,692

221,690
30,517
41,279

71,796

56.2
12.5
6.9
13.7

33.1
4.6
6.1

10.7

179 —

327,558
43,359
16,207
34,279

93,845
48,589
13,712

62,301

—

67.7
9.0
3.4
7.1

19.5
10.0
2.8

12.8

—

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892

100.0% $671,012

100.0% $483,704

100.0%

The following table presents our net sales by extended warranty and service contracts recognized over time

and our product and service revenue recognized at a point in time:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Product and service revenue recognized at point in

time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$715,055

$667,440

$480,696

Extended warranty and service contracts recognized

over time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,837

3,572

3,008

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$718,892

$671,012

$483,704

NOTE 4. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In December 2015, we completed the wind down of engineering, manufacturing and sales of our solar

inverter product line (the “inverter business”). Accordingly, the results of our inverter business have been
reflected as “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” on our Consolidated Statements
of Operations for all periods presented herein.

The effect of our sales of extended inverter warranties to our customers continues to be reflected in deferred

revenue in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred revenue for extended inverter warranties and the
associated costs of warranty service will be reflected in Sales and Cost of goods sold, respectively, from
continuing operations in future periods in our Consolidated Statement of Operations, as the deferred revenue, is
earned and the associated services are rendered. Extended warranties related to the inverter product line are no
longer offered.

75

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The significant items included in “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” are as

follows:

Sales, net
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expense (benefit)

Operating income (loss) from discontinued operations . . . . . .
Other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision (benefit) for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income

Years Ended December 31,

2018

$—

(88)
96

(8)
(24)

(32)
6

2017

2016

$ —
234
(1,576)

$ —
154
(3,894)

1,342
337

3,740
2,636

1,679
(81)

6,376
(4,130)

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ (38)

$ 1,760

$10,506

Assets and Liabilities of discontinued operations within the Consolidated Balance Sheets are comprised of

the following:

December 31,

2018

2017

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts and other receivables, net
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 5,251
406
198

$ 7,754
1,363
418

Current assets of discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 5,855

$ 9,535

Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

67
5,917

$

72
11,013

Non-current assets of discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 5,984

$11,085

Accounts payable and other accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

350
4,936

$

545
7,305

Current liabilities of discontinued operations . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 5,286

$ 7,850

Accrued warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,429
286

$15,112
165

Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations . . . . . . . .

$10,715

$15,277

76

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

INCOME TAXES

The geographic distribution of pretax income from continuing operations is as follows:

Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 22,325
150,051

$ 29,088
169,103

$ 13,776
114,300

$172,376

$198,191

$128,076

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

The provision for income taxes from continuing operations is summarized as follows:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Current:

Federal
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,423
12
13,772

$26,550
601
9,621

$ 3,187
351
3,081

Total current provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,207

$36,772

$ 6,619

Deferred:

Federal
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 4,021
2,363
3,636

$28,297
(1,000)
(1,979)

$ 3,110
1,564
(165)

Total deferred provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10,020

25,318

4,509

Total provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$25,227

$62,090

$11,128

The Company’s effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% for the year

ended December 31, 2018, primarily due to the benefit of earnings in foreign jurisdictions which are subject to
lower tax rates. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2018 was also impacted by the effect of
the recently enacted Tax Act, with the benefit from the corporate income tax rate reduction to 21% offset by
additional GILTI tax. Under U.S. GAAP, an accounting policy election can be made to either recognize deferred
taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years, or to provide for the tax
expense related to GILTI in the year the tax is incurred as a period expense only. We have elected to account for
GILTI in the year the tax is incurred.

The Company’s effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% for the years

ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, primarily because of benefits from lower-taxed global operations. In 2017,
our effective tax rate was also impacted by the effect of the recently enacted Tax Act, offset partially by a benefit
related to the continued wind down of our solar inverter business.

77

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following reconciles our effective tax rate on income from continuing operations to the federal statutory

rate of 21% for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 35% for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Income taxes per federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State income taxes, net of federal deduction . . . . . . . . .
Transition tax — U.S. Tax Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate tax rate change — U.S. Tax Reform . . . . . . .
Tax benefit associated with inverter business wind

down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GILTI Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax effect of foreign operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uncertain tax position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unremitted earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other permanent items, net

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$ 36,199
2,372
1,174
(652)

$ 69,348
1,794
61,690
11,177

$ 44,826
963
—
—

—
(974)
13,064
(19,162)
(3,088)
2,564
(9,844)
3,574

(33,837)
(5,263)
—
(47,482)
4,948
—
(658)
373

—
1,117
—
(31,651)
1,636
—
(4,495)
(1,268)

$ 25,227

$ 62,090

$ 11,128

78

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of differences between the

carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the
year in which the differences are expected to be reversed. Significant deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of
the following:

Years Ended
December 31,

2018

2017

Deferred tax assets

Stock based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards . . . . .
Pension obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess and obsolete inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employee bonuses and commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation and Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,337
38,622
3,302
2,161
6,903
1,874
29,525
9,961

$ 1,295
40,572
3,363
841
4,519
1,112
—
2,118

Deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

93,685
(30,924)

53,820
(32,267)

Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

62,761

21,553

Deferred tax liabilities

Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unremitted earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17,723
—
3,529
1,267

22,519

2,605
3,448
—

62

6,115

Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 40,242

$ 15,438

As of December 31, 2018, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance on a portion of its
U.S. domestic deferred tax assets of approximately $1.6 million related to state net operating losses and
$2.7 million related to acquired NOL and Foreign Tax Credit attributes from LumaSense that are subject to
Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations and will expire if unused due to the limitation. The remaining
valuation allowance on deferred tax assets approximates $26.6 million and is associated primarily with
operations in Germany, Japan, and India including losses that are both operating and capital in nature. As of
December 31, 2018, there is not sufficient positive evidence to conclude that such deferred tax assets will be
recognized. The December 31, 2018 valuation allowance balance reflects a decrease of $1.3 million during the
year. The change in the valuation allowance is primarily due to increases from acquired LumaSense positions,
and final analysis of the Tax Act corporate tax rate reduction, offset by decreases due to the dissolution of fully
valued UK entities and foreign exchange movements.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had U.S., foreign and state tax loss carryforwards of $23.5 million,

$91.4 million, and $89.6 million, respectively. Additionally, the Company had U.S. and state tax credit
carryforwards of $2.8 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The U.S. and state net operating losses and tax
credits are subject to various limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and applicable state
laws, and have various expiration periods through 2025. The majority of the foreign jurisdiction net operating
loss carry forwards have no expiration period.

79

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

We operate under a tax holiday in one of our foreign jurisdictions. This tax holiday is in effect through
June 30, 2027. The tax holiday is conditional upon our meeting certain employment and investment thresholds.
The impact of the tax holiday increased/(decreased) foreign taxes by $(17.8) million and $6.0 million for 2018
and 2017, respectively. The (expense)/benefit of the tax holidays on earnings per diluted share was $0.47 and
$(0.15) for 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Prior to the third quarter of 2018, we asserted that the undistributed earnings of all our foreign subsidiaries

were permanently reinvested. In the third quarter of 2018, following a review of our operations, liquidity and
funding, tax implications of cash repatriation, and investment opportunities, we determined that the ability to
access certain amounts of foreign earnings would provide greater investment returns, treasury controls, and other
working capital needs. Accordingly, in the third quarter of 2018, we withdrew the permanent reinvestment
assertion on $487.4 million of earnings generated by certain of our operations through December 2017. Resulting
from this change in permanent reinvestment assertion, the Company recorded a deferred tax liability of
$2.6 million related to withholding and state income taxes.

There is no certainty as to the timing of when such foreign earnings will be distributed to the United States

in whole or in part.

Certain foreign subsidiary earnings are subject to U.S. taxation under the U.S. Tax Act, which also repeals

U.S. taxation on the subsequent repatriation of those earnings. We have not provided for U.S. state or foreign
income taxes on $138.1 million of our subsidiaries’ undistributed earnings as of December 31, 2018. The
$138.1 million of undistributed foreign earnings continue to be reinvested in our foreign operations, as we have
determined that these earnings are necessary to support our planned growth and strategic acquisitions in our
foreign operations, and as a result, these earnings remain indefinitely reinvested in those operations. In making
this decision, we considered cash needs for investing in our existing businesses, currency controls, and the tax
cost of cash repatriation. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred income tax liability related to
these earnings is not practicable.

We account for uncertain tax positions by applying a minimum recognition threshold to tax positions before

recognizing these positions in the financial statements. The reconciliation of our total gross unrecognized tax
benefits is as follows:

Balance at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additions based on tax positions taken during a prior

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$15,990

$11,401

$10,049

period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94

1,258

Additions based on tax positions taken during a prior

period — LumaSense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additions based on tax positions taken during the current
period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reductions based on tax positions taken during a prior

757

—

104

—

—

4,433

2,318

period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(153)

—

—

Reductions related to a lapse of applicable statute of

limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3,144)

(1,102)

(1,070)

Reductions related to a settlement with taxing

authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(382)

—

—

Balance at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$13,162

$15,990

$11,401

80

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The unrecognized tax benefits of $13.2 million, if recognized, will impact the Company’s effective tax rate.

In accordance with our accounting policy, we recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized
tax benefits as a component of tax expense. We had $1.2 million and $1.0 million of accrued interest and
penalties at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We expect the total amount of tax contingencies will
decrease by approximately $8.3 million in 2019 based on statute of limitation expiration and completion of
additional procedures to support a change in facts with respect to a specific prior period position.

With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to federal state or foreign income tax examinations

by tax authorities for years before 2015.

NOTE 6. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the

weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted EPS is
similar to the computation of basic EPS except that the denominator is increased to include the number of
additional common shares that would have been outstanding (using the if-converted and treasury stock methods),
if our outstanding stock options and restricted stock units had been converted to common shares, and if such
assumed conversion is dilutive.

The following is a reconciliation of the weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic

and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:

Income from continuing operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations attributable to

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$147,149

$136,101

$116,948

noncontrolling interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

—

—

Income from continuing operations attributable to

Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$147,063

$136,101

$116,948

Basic weighted-average common shares

outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,081

39,754

39,720

Assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and

restricted stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

271

422

311

Diluted weighted-average common shares

outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,352

40,176

40,031

Continuing operations:
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

3.76
3.74

$
$

3.42
3.39

$
$

2.94
2.92

The following stock options and restricted units were excluded in the computation of diluted earnings per

share because they were anti-dilutive:

Restricted stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

—

1

81

Years Ended
December 31,

2018

2017

2016

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Share Repurchase

In September 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our
stock over a thirty-month period. In November 2017, our Board of Directors approved an extension of the share
repurchase program to December 2019 from its original maturity of March 2018. In May 2018 our Board of
Directors approved a $50 million increase in its authorization to repurchase shares of Company common stock
under this same program. As of December 31, 2018, we had $24.9 million remaining for the future repurchase of
shares of our common stock.

In order to execute the repurchase of shares of our common stock, the Company periodically enters into
stock repurchase agreements. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 the Company has
repurchased the following shares of common stock:

Amount paid to repurchase shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of shares repurchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average repurchase price per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$95,125
1,696
$ 56.07

$29,993
422
$ 71.07

$—
343
$—

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016 (1)

(1)

In November 2015 we entered into a Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Transaction to
purchase $50.0 million of shares of our common stock in the open market. A total of 1.7 million shares of
our common stock was repurchased under the Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreement at an
average price of $28.99 per share. The final 0.3 million shares of our common stock was delivered in 2016.

NOTE 7. MARKETABLE SECURITIES AND ASSETS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE

Our investments with original maturities of more than three months at time of purchase and that are
intended to be held for no more than 12 months, are considered marketable securities available for sale.

Our marketable securities consist of certificates of deposit as follows:

December 31, 2018

December 31, 2017

Cost

Fair
Value

Cost

Fair
Value

Certificates of deposit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$2,463

$2,470

$3,103

$3,104

The maturities of our marketable securities available for sale as of December 31, 2018 are as follows:

Certificates of deposit

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3/18/2019

to

10/17/2019

Earliest

Latest

The value and liquidity of the marketable securities we hold are affected by market conditions, as well as
the ability of the issuers of such securities to make principal and interest payments when due, and the functioning
of the markets in which these securities are traded. As of December 31, 2018, we do not believe any of the
underlying issuers of our marketable securities are at risk of default.

The following tables present information about our marketable securities measured at fair value, on a
recurring basis, as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The tables indicate the fair value hierarchy of

82

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

the valuation techniques utilized to determine fair value. We did not have any financial liabilities measured at fair
value, on a recurring basis, as of December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.

December 31, 2018

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Certificates of deposit

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$— $2,470

$—

$2,470

December 31, 2017

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Certificates of deposit

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$— $3,104

$—

$3,104

There were no transfers in or out of Level 1, 2, or 3 fair value measurements during the year ended

December 31, 2018.

NOTE 8. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We manage these risks through the use of
derivative financial instruments, primarily forward contracts with banks. During the years ended December 31,
2018, 2017 and 2016, we entered into foreign currency exchange forward contracts to manage the exchange rate
risk associated with intercompany debt denominated in nonfunctional currencies. These derivative instruments
are not designated as hedges; however, they do offset the fluctuations of our intercompany debt due to foreign
exchange rate changes. These forward contracts are typically for one-month periods. We did not have any
currency exchange rate contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2017 we had
outstanding Euro and Pound Sterling forward contracts. We did not have any currency exchange rate contracts
outstanding as of December 31, 2016.

The notional amount of foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding at December 31, 2017 was

$16.3 million and the fair value of these contracts was not significant at December 31, 2017.

During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the gains and losses recorded related to the

foreign currency exchange contracts are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Foreign currency loss from foreign currency exchange

contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$(750)

$(1,438)

$(569)

These gains and losses were offset by corresponding gains and losses on the related intercompany debt and

both are included as a component of other income, net, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the first quarter of 2017 we entered into a foreign currency exchange rate forward contract at a cost
of $3.5 million, to mitigate the exchange rate risk associated with a planned offshore acquisition which was not
consummated. The hedge expired upon maturity in the first quarter of 2017. The cost of the forward contract is
recorded as a component of Other income (expense), net in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of
Operations.

83

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

NOTE 9. ACCOUNTS AND OTHER RECEIVABLE

Accounts and other receivable are recorded at net realizable value. Components of accounts and other

receivable, net of reserves, are as follows:

Invoiced receivables, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uninvoiced receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 80,709
19,733

Total receivables, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$100,442

$87,429
—

$87,429

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2017

Invoiced receivables, net consist of amounts that have been invoiced to our customers in accordance with
terms and conditions, and are shown net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. These receivables are all short
term in nature and do not include any financing components.

Uninvoiced receivables consist of amounts where we have satisfied our contractual obligations related to

inventory stocking contracts with customers. Such amounts are typically invoiced to the customer upon their
consumption of the inventory managed under the stocking contracts. We anticipate that substantially all
uninvoiced receivables will be invoiced and collected over the next twelve months. These contracts do not
include any financing components.

NOTE 10. INVENTORIES

Our inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value and computed on a first-in, first-out

(FIFO) basis. Components of inventories, net of reserves, are as follows:

Parts and raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Work in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$76,647
6,644
14,696

$58,567
7,986
11,897

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$97,987

$78,450

December 31,

2018

2017

84

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

NOTE 11. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net is comprised of the following:

December 31,

2018

2017

Buildings and land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery and equipment
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and communication equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,737
41,330
24,051
3,203
282
20,593
867

$ 1,788
36,579
26,819
1,568
341
17,286
802

Less: Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92,063
(60,794)

85,183
(67,388)

Total property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 31,269

$ 17,795

Depreciation expense recorded in continuing operations and included in selling, general and administrative

expense is as follows:

Depreciation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,818

$5,074

$3,646

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

NOTE 12. GOODWILL

The following summarizes the changes in goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

Goodwill

Beginning
Balance

Additions

Effect of
Changes in
Exchange
Rates

Ending
Balance

December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$53,812

$49,252

$(1,164)

$101,900

December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$42,125

$ 8,929

$ 2,758

$ 53,812

Additions are the result of our acquisitions of LumaSense and Monroe’s electrostatic technology and
product line during the year ended December 31, 2018 and our acquisition of Excelsys during the year ended
December 31, 2017 as described in Note 2. Business Acquisitions.

85

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

NOTE 13. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

December 31, 2018

Gross
Carrying
Amount

$39,879
35,509
2,501

Accumulated
Amortization

$ (7,927)
(13,484)
(1,568)

Net
Carrying
Amount

$31,952
22,025
933

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$77,889

$(22,979)

$54,910

Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

December 31, 2017

Gross
Carrying
Amount

$18,702
30,034
2,623

Accumulated
Amortization

$ (5,559)
(10,787)
(1,514)

Net
Carrying
Amount

$13,143
19,247
1,109

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$51,359

$(17,860)

$33,499

Amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows:

Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,774

$4,350

$4,167

Estimated amortization expense related to intangibles is as follows:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Year Ending December 31,

2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 7,589
6,863
6,763
6,503
6,484
20,708

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$54,910

NOTE 14. RESTRUCTURING COSTS

During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded a total pre-tax charge of $4.2 million for severance

and related costs associated with our manufacturing footprint consolidation and optimization, acquisition
integration, and reorganization for business efficiency improvement. For the year ended December 31, 2018, we
recorded total severance and related costs of $4.2 million, which also represents the cumulative costs recognized
under this restructuring plan.

86

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table summarizes our restructuring liabilities at December 31, 2018:

Severance and related charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

4,239

433

—

3,806

Balance at
December 31,
2017

Cost
incurred
and
charged to
expense

Cost paid
or
otherwise
settled

Effect of
change in
exchange
rates

Balance at
December 31,
2018

NOTE 15. WARRANTIES

Provisions of our sales agreements include customary product warranties, ranging from 12 months to 24

months following installation. The estimated cost of our warranty obligation is recorded when revenue is
recognized and is based upon our historical experience by product, configuration and geographic region.

Our estimated warranty obligation is included in Other accrued expenses in our Consolidated Balance

Sheets. Changes in our product warranty obligation are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Balances at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warranty liabilities acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increases to accruals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warranty expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effect of changes in exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 2,312
305
1,606
(2,127)
(12)

$ 2,329
118
2,029
(2,184)
20

$ 1,633

—
1,802
(1,058)
(48)

Balances at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 2,084

$ 2,312

$ 2,329

NOTE 16. PENSION LIABILITY

Defined contribution plans

We have a 401(k) profit sharing and retirement savings plan covering substantially all full-time

U.S. employees. Participants may defer up to the maximum amount allowed as determined by law. Participants
are immediately vested in their contributions. Profit sharing contributions to the plan, which are discretionary, are
approved by the Board of Directors. Vesting in the profit sharing contribution account is based on years of
service, with most participants fully vested after four years of credited service. For the years ended December 31,
2018, 2017, and 2016 our contribution for participants in our 401(k) plan was based on matching 50% of
contributions made by employees up to 6% of the employee’s compensation. During the years ended
December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 we recognized total defined contribution plan costs of $1.4 million,
$1.1 million, and $1.2 million, respectively.

Defined benefit plans

In connection with the acquisition of LumaSense, in September 2018, we acquired the LumaSense
Technologies GmbH pension obligation (the “LumaSense Plan”). In order to measure the expense and related
benefit obligation, various assumptions are made including discount rates used to value the obligation, expected
return on plan assets used to fund these expenses and estimated future inflation rates. These assumptions are
based on historical experience as well as facts and circumstances. An actuarial analysis is used to measure the

87

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

expense and liability associated with pension benefits. The net amount of pension liability recorded as
of December 31, 2018 was $0.1 million and is included in Other long-term liabilities in our Consolidated Balance
Sheets. Anticipated payments to pensioners covered by the LumaSense Plan are expected to be around
$0.1 million for each of the next ten years. We are not currently committed to future payments to the LumaSense
Plan.

In connection with the acquisition of HiTek Power Group, a privately-held provider of high voltage power
solutions, in 2014, we acquired the HiTek Power Limited Pension Scheme (“the HiTek Plan”). The HiTek Plan
has been closed to new participants since April 1, 2002 and to additional accruals since April 5, 2005. In order to
measure the expense and related benefit obligation, various assumptions are made including discount rates used
to value the obligation, expected return on plan assets used to fund these expenses and estimated future inflation
rates. These assumptions are based on historical experience as well as facts and circumstances. An actuarial
analysis is used to measure the expense and liability associated with pension benefits. The net amount of pension
liability recorded as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $19.2 million and $19.8 million,
respectively, and is included in Other long-term liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Anticipated
payments to pensioners covered by the HiTek Plan are expected to be between $0.8 million and $1.5 million for
each of the next ten years. We are committed to make annual fixed payments of $0.8 million into the Hitek Plan
through April 30, 2024, and then $1.7 million from May 1, 2024 through November 30, 2033.

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost for the years ended December 31,

2018, 2017, and 2016:

Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of actuarial gains and losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 793
(670)
478

$ 809
(597)
503

$ 993
(527)
264

Net periodic pension cost

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 601

$ 715

$ 730

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Assumptions used in the determination of the net periodic pension cost are:

Years Ended
December 31,
2017

2018

2016

Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected long-term return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.8% 2.6% 2.8%
4.8% 4.8% 4.7%

88

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The status of our plans as reflected in “Other long-term liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets is

summarized as follows:

Years Ended
December 31,

2018

2017

Projected benefit obligation, beginning of year . . . . . . . . .
Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 33,907
1,063
839
793
(992)
(1,086)
(1,898)

$ 31,110
—
—
809
35
(944)
2,897

Projected benefit obligation, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 32,626

$ 33,907

Plan assets, beginning of year
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Actual return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Actuarial gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 14,110
981
670
828
(1,086)
(1,357)
(786)

$ 12,274
—
597
877
(944)
179
1,127

Plan assets, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 13,360

$ 14,110

Funded status of plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$(19,266)

$(19,797)

The fair value of the Company’s qualified pension plan assets by category for the years ended December 31,

are as follows:

December 31, 2018

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Multi-Asset Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diversified Growth Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index-Linked Gilts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$—
—
—
—

53

$ 4,570
4,649
2,044
2,044
—

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 53

$13,307

$—
—
—
—
—

$—

$ 4,570
4,649
2,044
2,044
53

$13,360

December 31, 2017

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Multi-Asset Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diversified Growth Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index-Linked Gilts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$—
—
—
—

42

$ 4,784
5,009
2,102
2,173
—

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 42

$14,068

$—
—
—
—
—

$—

$ 4,784
5,009
2,102
2,173
42

$14,110

89

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

At December 31, 2018 our plan’s assets of $13.4 million were invested in four separate funds including a

multi-asset fund (34.2%), a diversified growth fund (34.8%), an Investment grade long-term bond fund (15.3%)
and an index-linked gilt fund (15.3%). The asset and growth funds aim to generate an ‘equity-like’ return over an
economic cycle with significantly reduced volatility relative to equity markets and have scope to use a diverse
range of asset classes, including equities, bonds, cash and alternatives, e.g. property, infrastructure, high yield
bonds, floating rate debt, private, equity, hedge funds and currency. The bond fund and gilt fund are invested in
index-linked gilts and corporate bonds. These investments are intended to provide a degree of protection against
changes in the value of our plan’s liabilities related to changes in long-term expectations for interest rates and
inflation expectations.

NOTE 17. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

As of December 31, 2018, we had two active stock-based incentive compensation plans; the 2017 Omnibus
Incentive Plan and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). All new equity compensation grants are issued
under these two plans; however, outstanding awards previously issued under inactive plans will continue to vest
and remain exercisable in accordance with the terms of the respective plans. Our stock plans are administered by
the Board of Directors Compensation Committee. At December 31, 2018, there were 3.5 million shares reserved
and 2.9 million shares available for future grant under our stock-based incentive plans.

On May 4, 2017, the stockholders approved the Company’s 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“the 2017 Plan”)

and reserved 5.2 million shares under the plan. The 2017 Plan replaced the 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“the
2008 Plan”), and all awards previously granted under the 2008 Plan continue to vest and/or are exercisable under
the 2017 Plan in accordance with their original terms and conditions. The 2017 Plan and 2008 Plan provide for
the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, stock units (including deferred stock units),
unrestricted stock, and dividend equivalent rights. Additionally, awards issued may be issued as performance
based awards to align stock compensation awards to the attainment of annual or long-term performance goals. As
of December 31, 2018, there were 2.6 million shares available for grant under the 2017 Plan.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the awards issued and the
functional area of the employee receiving the award. Stock-based compensation for the three years ended
December 31, is as follows:

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$9,703

$12,549

$6,332

Our stock-based compensation expense is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards
that are ultimately expected to vest, assuming estimated forfeitures at the time of grant. Estimated forfeiture rates
for our stock-based compensation expense applicable to stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU’s”) was
approximately 10% for the year ended December 31, 2018, 17% for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 18%
for the year ended December 31, 2016.

90

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Restricted Stock Units

The fair value of our Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) is determined based upon the closing fair market

value of our common stock on the grant date. Changes in the unvested RSU’s during the years ended
December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

RSUs outstanding at beginning of period . . . . . . . . .
RSUs granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RSUs vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RSUs forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Shares

386
245
(207)
(72)

RSUs outstanding at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

352

2018

2017

2016

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$51.06
64.48
54.94
50.79

58.17

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$29.60
63.63
30.62
33.91

51.06

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$26.10
30.37
25.97
28.32

29.60

Shares

234
297
(157)
(20)

354

Shares

354
252
(211)
(9)

386

The total intrinsic value of RSUs converted to shares for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and
2016 were $13.6 million, $14.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, there was
$7.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures related to non-vested RSUs
granted, which is expected to be recognized through fiscal September 2021, with a weighted-average remaining
vesting period of 1.1 years.

Stock Options

Stock option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of our stock at the
date of grant and with either a three or four-year vesting schedule or performance based vesting as determined at
the time of grant. Stock option awards generally have a term of 10 years.

The fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 was estimated on the date of

grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model using the following assumptions: the risk-free
interest rate was 1.1% - 1.4%, the expected term was 4.3 years and expected volatility was 43%. The risk-free
interest rate is based on the five-year U.S. Treasury Bill at the time of the grant. We utilize our historical
experience in determining the expected term of our stock options and volatility of our common stock. We have
not historically issued dividends.

91

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Changes in our outstanding stock options during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were

as follows:

Shares

Options outstanding at beginning of period . . . . . . . . .
317
Options granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —
Options exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Options forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . —
Options expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(83)

(4)

Options outstanding at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

230

Options vested during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

2018

2017

2016

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

$18.97
—
14.41
—
11.97

20.73

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Shares

$17.47
—
14.32
26.32
11.09 —

642
—
(156)
(12)

18.97

474

11

Shares

474
—
(152)
(2)
(3)

317

9

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

$17.11
—
15.28
26.32
—

17.47

The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were

$4.1 million, $9.7 million and $2.8 million, respectively. Information about our stock options that are
outstanding, options that we expect to vest and options that are exercisable at December 31, 2018 are as follows:

Options Expected to Vest:

Options outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Options expected to vest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Options exercisable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

$20.73
20.73
20.73

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

4.6 years
4.6 years
4.6 years

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

$5,108
5,108
5,108

Number

230
230
230

The following table summarizes information about the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2018:

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

1.1 years
1.8 years
4.6 years
6.1 years

4.6 years

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

$ 8.38
13.04
18.06
26.24

20.73

Number
Exercisable

10
47
58
115

230

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

$ 8.38
13.04
18.06
26.24

20.73

Range of
Exercise Prices

7.69 - 9.51
11.02 - 14.52
15.65 - 18.77
24.31 - 26.32

7.69 - 26.32

Number
Outstanding

10
47
58
115

230

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The ESPP, a stockholder-approved plan, provides for the issuance of rights to purchase up to 1,000,000
shares of common stock. In May 2010, stockholders approved an increase from 500,000 to 1,000,000 shares
authorized for sale under our ESPP. Employees below the Vice President level are eligible to participate in the
ESPP if employed by us for at least 20 hours per week during at least five months per calendar year. Participating
employees may contribute up to the lesser of 15% of their eligible earnings or $5,000 during each plan period.

92

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Currently, the plan period is six months. The purchase price of common stock purchased under the ESPP is
currently equal to the lower of: 1) 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the commencement date
of each plan period or 2) 85% of the fair market value of our common shares on each plan period purchase date.
At December 31, 2018, 0.3 million shares remained available for future issuance under the ESPP.

Purchase rights granted under the ESPP are valued using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. As of

December 31, 2018, there was $0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP that is
expected to be recognized over a remaining period of five months. Total compensation expense was $0.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, and 2016.

The fair value of each purchase right granted under the ESPP was estimated on the date of grant using the

Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model with the following assumptions:

2018

2017

2016

Risk-free interest rates . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected dividend yield rates . . . . . .
Expected term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.10% - 2.56% 1.07% - 1.45% 0.49% - 0.60%
— %
0.5 years
28.2%

— %
0.5 years
33.3%

— %
0.5 years
38.0%

The risk-free interest rate is based on the six month U.S. Treasury Bill at the time of the grant. We utilize

our historical experience in determining the expected term of our stock options and volatility of our common
stock. We have not historically issued dividends.

NOTE 18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Disputes and Legal Actions

We are involved in disputes and legal actions arising in the normal course of our business. While we
currently believe that the amount of any ultimate loss would not be material to our financial position, the
outcome of these actions is inherently difficult to predict. In the event of an adverse outcome, the ultimate loss
could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or reported results of operations. An unfavorable
decision in patent litigation also could require material changes in production processes and products or result in
our inability to ship products or components found to have violated third-party patent rights. We accrue loss
contingencies in connection with our commitments and contingencies, including litigation, when it is probable
that a loss has occurred, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company is currently not a
party to any legal action that the Company believes would reasonably have a material adverse impact on its
business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Operating Leases

We have various operating leases for automobiles, equipment, and office and production facilities. Rent
expense under operating leases was approximately $7.4 million in 2018, $6.5 million in 2017, and $6.4 million in
2016.

93

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The future minimum rental payments required under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31,

2018 are as follows:

2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 9,093
7,561
6,938
3,862
3,448
18,349

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$49,251

NOTE 19. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Members of our Board of Directors hold various executive positions and serve as directors at other

companies, including companies that are our customers. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and
2016, we engaged in the following transactions with companies related to members of our Board of Directors, as
described below:

Sales to related parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of related party customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchases from related parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of related party vendors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$1,028
1

$ —
—

$1,425
1

$ —
—

2018

2017

2016

$616
2
$ 43
1

Years Ended December 31,

Our accounts receivable balance from related party customers with outstanding balances as of December 31,

2018 and December 31, 2017 is as follows:

Accounts receivable from related parties . . . . . . . . . .
Number of related party customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$109
1

$27
1

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2017

We did not have any outstanding accounts payable with our related parties as of December 31, 2018 or

December 31, 2017.

NOTE 20. GEOGRAPHIC AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER INFORMATION

The following table summarizes sales, and percentages of sales, by customers that individually accounted

for 10% or more of our sales for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

Applied Materials, Inc.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LAM Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$258,027
109,005

35.9% $224,832
15.2% 155,312

33.5% $170,162
23.1% 100,270

35.2%
20.7%

Years Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

94

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table summarizes the accounts receivable balances, and percentages of the total accounts
receivable, for customers that individually accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable as of December 31,
2018 and December 31, 2017:

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2017

Applied Materials, Inc.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LAM Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$34,301
12,181

34.2% $36,755
5,421
12.1%

42.0%
6.2%

Our sales to Applied Materials, Inc. and LAM Research include precision power products used in

semiconductor processing and solar and flat panel display. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of our
sales or accounts receivable balances during these periods.

The following table summarizes long-lived assets by geographic area as of December 31, 2018 and

December 31, 2017:

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$115,869
12,274
59,936

$ 32,528
7,601
64,977

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$188,079

$105,106

December 31,

2018

2017

Long-lived assets include property and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets.

NOTE 21. CREDIT FACILITY

On July 28, 2017, the Company entered into a Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Bank of
America N.A. (“BA”) which provides a revolving line of credit of up to $100.0 million subject to certain funding
conditions through July 28, 2022. On December 21, 2017, the Company entered into the First Amendment to the
Loan Agreement with BA to increase the line of credit to $150.0 million. Interest on amounts drawn shall be paid
quarterly based upon the LIBOR Daily Floating Rate then in effect, plus between one and one-quarter (1.25%)
and one and three-quarters (1.75%) percentage points depending on the Funded Debt to EBITDA ratio. As of
December 31, 2018, the interest rate was 3.77%. The Loan Agreement also requires the Company to pay the
lender on a quarterly basis an unused commitment fee based on credit availability. The obligations under the
Loan Agreement are unsecured until the Funded Debt to EBITDA ratio exceeds 2.0 to 1.0, at which time the
Company and certain affiliates’ tangible and intangible personal property will be subject to a first priority,
perfected lien and security interest in favor of BA pursuant to a Security Agreement. As of December 31, 2018,
the Company is in compliance with all covenants required under the Loan Agreement. Our credit availability
under the Loan Agreement was $150.0 million at December 31, 2018.

On September 9, 2016, the Company terminated its Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association (“Wells Fargo”) which provided for a secured revolving credit facility of up to $50.0 million (the
“Credit Facility”), subject to a borrowing base calculation. The Company had no borrowing during 2016 until the
termination of the Credit Agreement.

95

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Expense relating to interest, unused commitment fees and amortization of debt issuance costs included in

our income from continuing operations is as follows:

Credit facility costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$228

2018

2017

$66

2016

$346

Years Ended
December 31,

NOTE 22. SUPPLEMENTAL QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

The following tables present unaudited quarterly results for each of the eight quarters in the periods ended

December 31, 2018 and 2017, in thousands. We believe that all necessary adjustments have been included in the
amounts stated below to present fairly such quarterly information. Due to the volatility of the industries in which
our customers operate, the operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any
subsequent period.

Sales, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restructuring Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations, net of

Quarter Ended

December 31,
2018

September 30,
2018

June 30,
2018

$154,161
$ 75,188
3,836
$
$ 19,570

$173,082
$ 85,539
403
$
$ 39,862

$196,032
$101,235
$ —
$ 56,018

March 31,
2018

$195,617
$103,645
$ —
$ 56,103

income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 19,222

$ 35,157

$ 46,400

$ 46,370

Income (loss) from discontinued operations,

net of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from continuing operations

$
188
$ 19,410

$
(371)
$ 34,786

$
5
$ 46,405

$
140
$ 46,510

attributable to noncontrolling interest . . . . .

$

4

$

7

$

44

$

31

Net income attributable to Advanced Energy

Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 19,406

$ 34,779

$ 46,361

$ 46,479

Earnings (Loss) Per Share:

Continuing Operations:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . .

$
$

0.50
0.50

Discontinued Operations:

Basic loss per share . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted loss per share . . . . . . . . . . .

$ —
$ —

Net Income:

Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . .

$
$

0.51
0.50

$
$

$
$

$
$

0.90
0.90

$
$

1.18
1.17

$
$

1.17
1.16

(0.01)
(0.01)

$ —
$ —

$ —
$ —

0.89
0.89

$
$

1.18
1.17

$
$

1.17
1.16

96

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (continued)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Sales, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of income

Quarter Ended

December 31,
2017

September 30,
2017

June 30,
2017

March 31,
2017

$179,214
$ 98,175
$ 58,062

$176,575
$ 92,234
$ 51,673

$165,872
$ 87,141
$ 47,767

$149,351
$ 78,831
$ 43,268

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ (29,007)

$ 83,794

$ 45,873

$ 35,441

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income

taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

(583)

$

70

$

179

$

2,094

Net income (loss) attributable to Advanced Energy

Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ (29,590)

$ 83,864

$ 46,052

$ 37,535

Earnings per Share:

Continuing Operations:

Basic earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Discontinued Operations:

Basic earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net Income (loss):

Basic earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings (loss) per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

$
$

$
$

(0.73)
(0.73)

(0.01)
(0.01)

(0.75)
(0.75)

$
$

2.11
2.09

$
$

1.15
1.14

$
$

$ —
$ —

$ — $
$ — $

$
$

2.11
2.09

$
$

1.16
1.14

$
$

0.89
0.88

0.05
0.05

0.94
0.93

97

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures, which are designed to ensure that information

required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”) is
recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange
Commission’s rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls
and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit
under the Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Principal Executive Officer
(Yuval Wasserman, Chief Executive Officer) and Principal Financial Officer (Paul Oldham, Chief Financial
Officer & Executive Vice President), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we conducted an evaluation, with the participation of

management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the
design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b).
Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2018. The conclusions of the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer from this evaluation were communicated to the Audit Committee.
We intend to continue to review and document our disclosure controls and procedures, including our internal
controls and procedures for financial reporting, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing
their effectiveness and to ensure that our systems evolve with our business.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

It is management’s responsibility to establish and maintain effective internal control over our financial
reporting, which is a process designed under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer and effected by our Board of Directors, management, and other personnel. Our internal control over
financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance concerning the reliability of our financial
reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.

In February 2018 and September 2018, we acquired Trek Holdings Co. Inc. (“Trek”) and LumaSense

Technologies Holdings (“LumaSense”), respectively, as discussed in Note 2. Business Acquisitions in Item 8
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” The objectives of Trek’s and LumaSense’s established internal
controls over financial reporting is consistent, in all material respects, with Advanced Energy’s objectives. We
are in the process of completing a more comprehensive review of Trek’s and LumaSense’s internal control over
financial reporting, and will be implementing changes to better align their reporting and controls with the rest of
Advanced Energy. As a result of the timing of the acquisitions and the changes that are anticipated to be made,
and in accordance with the general guidance issued by the SEC regarding exclusion of certain acquired
businesses, we have excluded Trek and LumaSense from the December 31, 2018 assessment of Advanced
Energy’s internal controls over financial reporting. Trek and LumaSense, in aggregate, accounted for
approximately 14% of Advanced Energy’s total assets at December 31, 2018, and 5% of Advanced Energy’s
total net sales for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.

Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated

the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, using the criteria
described in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring

98

Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based upon this evaluation, management concluded that our
internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2018.

Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our Consolidated
Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K, and as part of the audit, has issued an attestation report,
included herein, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018.

Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The attestation report required under this Item 9A is contained in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on

Form 10-K under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 2018 that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Controls and Procedures

Management has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial

reporting provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of our control system are met. We do not expect,
however, that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will prevent or
detect all misstatements, errors, or fraud, if any. All control systems, no matter how well designed and
implemented, have inherent limitations, and therefore no evaluation can provide absolute assurance that every
misstatement, error, or instance of fraud, if any, or risk thereof, has been or will be prevented or detected. The
occurrence of a misstatement, error, or fraud, if any, would not necessarily require a conclusion that our controls
and procedures are not effective.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

In accordance with General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, certain information required by this Part III is

incorporated by reference to the definitive proxy statement relating to our 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
(the “2019 Proxy Statement”), as set forth below. The 2019 Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information set forth in the 2019 Proxy Statement under the headings “Proposal No. 1/Election of
Directors” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” is incorporated herein by reference.
The information under the heading “Executive Officers of the Registrant” in Part I of this Form 10-K is also
incorporated herein by reference.

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethical Conduct that applies to all of the Company’s employees,
including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and other persons performing
similar functions. The Company has posted a copy of the Code of Ethical Conduct on its website at
www.advancedenergy.com, and such Code of Ethical Conduct is available, in print, without charge, to any
stockholder who requests it from the Company’s Secretary. The Company intends to satisfy the disclosure
requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments to, or waivers from, the Code of Ethical
Conduct by posting such information on its website at www.advancedenergy.com. The Company is not including
the information contained on its website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this report.

99

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information set forth in the 2019 Proxy Statement under the headings “Executive Compensation” is

incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information set forth in the 2019 Proxy Statement under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain

Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” is incorporated herein by
reference.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

The information is set forth in Note 19. Related Party Transactions in Item 8 “Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data,” and in the 2019 Proxy Statement under the captions “Election of Directors” and “Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information set forth in the 2019 Proxy Statement under the caption “Ratification of the Appointment of

Grant Thornton LLP as Advanced Energy’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for 2019” is
incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(A) Documents filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are as follows:

1.

Financial Statements:

Reports of Grant Thornton LLP

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Operations for each the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017
and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.

Financial Statement Schedules for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016

NOTE: All schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information

is included in the financial statements and notes thereto.

(B) Exhibits:

2.1

3.1

3.2

3.3

Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., Eclipse Merger Sub,
Inc., LumaSense Technologies Holdings, Inc., and Shareholder Representative Services LLC, dated
July 26, 2018.(23)**

Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (2)

Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (2)

Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (3)

100

3.4
3.5
3.6
4.1
10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12

10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
10.18
10.19
10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (3)
Amended and Restated By-laws of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (12)
Fifth Amendment to the By-laws of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (19)
Form of Specimen Certificate for Common Stock. (1)
Lease Agreement, dated as of December 28, 2011, by and between Sharp Point Properties, LLC and
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., for a building located at 1625 Sharp Point Drive, Fort Collins,
Colorado. (9)
Lease Agreement, dated as of December 28, 2011, by and between Sharp Point Properties, LLC and
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., for a building located at 2424 Midpoint Drive, Fort Collins,
Colorado. (9)
Lease dated January 16, 2003, by and between China Great Wall Computer Shenzhen Co., Ltd.,
Great Wall Limited and Advanced Energy Industries (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., for a building located in
Shenzhen, China. (4)
Form of Indemnification Agreement. (1)
Form of Director Indemnification Agreement. (6)
Form of Notice of Grant for Restricted Stock Unit. (11)*
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. (11)*
Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option. (11)*
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement. (11)*
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement. (11)*
Form of LTI Notice of Grant. (11)*
Form of LTI Performance Stock Option Agreement pursuant to the 2008 Omnibus Incentive
Plan. (11)*
Form of LTI Performance Stock Unit Agreement pursuant to the 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan. (11)*
Non-Employee Director Compensation Structure for 2016.(15)*
2017 Long-Term Incentive (LTI) Plan. (16)*
2017 Short-Term Incentive (STI) Plan. (17)*
2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan. (16)*
2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended May 4, 2010. (7)*
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (1)*
Offer Letter, dated September 28, 2014, by and among Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and Yuval
Wasserman. (13)*
Global Supply Agreement by and between Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and Applied Materials
Inc. dated August 29, 2005. (5)+
Shipping Amendment to the Global Supply Agreement by and between Advanced Energy Industries,
Inc. and Applied Materials Inc. dated August 29, 2005. (5)+
Bridge Amendment to the Global Supply Agreement by and between Advanced Energy Industries,
Inc. and Applied Materials Inc. dated January 28, 2011. (8)+
Sale and Purchase Agreement by and among Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., Blitz S13-103
GmbH, Jolaos Verwaltungs GmbH and Prettl Beteiligungs Holdings, GmbH, dated as of April 8,
2013. (10)
Loan Agreement, dated July 28, 2017, by and between Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and Bank of
America, N.A. (18)
First Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated December 21, 2017, by and between Advanced Energy
Industries, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (20)

101

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

Continuing and Unconditional Guaranty dated July 28, 2017 among Ultravolt Group, Inc., AE
Solar Energy, Inc., Ultravolt, Inc., AEI US Subsidiary, LLC, AEI Global Holdings, LLC and
Sekidenko, Inc. (18)

Form of Security and Pledge Agreement among Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., Ultravolt
Group, Inc., AE Solar Energy, Inc., Ultravolt, Inc., AEI US Subsidiary, LLC, AEI Global
Holdings, LLC, Sekidenko, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. (18)

Fixed Dollar Accelerated Share Repurchase Transaction, dated November 6, 2015, between
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC. (14)

Offer Letter to Paul Oldham, dated March 26, 2018. (21)

Offer Letter to Neil Brinker, dated May 7, 2018. (22)

Form of Executive Change in Control & General Severance Agreement. (24)

Subsidiaries of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.

Consent of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of the Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following materials from Advanced Energy, Inc.’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, formatted in XBRL
(eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets,
(iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’
Equity, and (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-97188),
filed September 21, 1995.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 1999 (File No. 000-26966), filed July 28, 1999.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2003 (File No. 000-26966), filed November 4, 2003.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2003 (File No. 000-26966), filed February 24, 2004.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2005 (File No. 000-26966), filed November 7, 2005.

102

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

*
**

+

Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
December 14, 2009.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2010 (File No. 000-26966), filed March 2, 2011.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
March 31, 2011 (File No. 000-26966), filed May 6, 2011.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
December 29, 2011.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966) filed
April 11, 2013.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966) filed
May 10, 2013.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 2013 (File No. 000-26966), filed August 6, 2013.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966) filed
October 1, 2014.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966) filed
November 6, 2015.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2016 (File No. 000-26966), filed February 24, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s 2017
Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 000-26966), filed March 14, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s 2017
Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 000-26966), filed March 14, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
July 31, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 2017 (File No. 000-26966), filed July 31, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
December 21, 2017.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
March 29, 2018.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
May 9, 2018.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
July 30, 2018.
Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26966), filed
August 6, 2018.
Compensation Plan
Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Advanced Energy Industries,
Inc. undertakes to furnish supplemental copies of any of the omitted schedules upon request by the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Confidential treatment has been granted for portions of this agreement.

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

103

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant
has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.

ADVANCED ENERGY INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Registrant)

/s/ Yuval Wasserman
Yuval Wasserman
Chief Executive Officer
Date: February 21, 2019

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed

below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signatures

Title

Date

/s/ Yuval Wasserman

Yuval Wasserman

/s/ Paul Oldham
Paul Oldham

/s/ Grant H. Beard

Grant H. Beard

/s/ Frederick A. Ball
Frederick A. Ball

/s/ Tina M. Donikowski
Tina M. Donikowski

/s/ Ronald C. Foster

Ronald C. Foster

/s/ Edward C. Grady

Edward C. Grady

/s/ Thomas M. Rohrs
Thomas M. Rohrs

/s/ John A. Roush

John A. Roush

Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive
Officer)

February 21, 2019

Chief Financial Officer &
Executive Vice President (Principal
Financial and Accounting Officer)

February 21, 2019

Chairman of the Board

February 21, 2019

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

104

February 21, 2019

February 21, 2019

February 21, 2019

February 21, 2019

February 21, 2019

February 21, 2019

Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
1625 Sharp Point Drive
Fort Collins, CO 80525
T: 970-221-4670
F: 970-407-6296
www.advancedenergy.com