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AeroCentury Corp.

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FY2011 Annual Report · AeroCentury Corp.
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Annual Report Cover 3-10  3/3/10  11:55 AM  Page 1

Worldwide • Regional Aircraft • Leasing

AeroCentury Corp.

1440 Chapin Ave., Suite 310
Burlingame, CA 94010
650-340-1888
Fax: 650-696-3929
www.aerocentury.com

2011 Annual Report

TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS 

2011  was  a  challenging  year  for  AeroCentury.    Although  the  Company  posted  its  first  annual 
loss following seven years of positive earnings, recording a $0.94 loss per diluted share, it had a 
profitable fourth quarter of $0.79 earnings per diluted share. 

Lower average utilization as well as a revenue reserve for one customer resulted in a $3.4 million 
and  a  $3.7  million  decrease  in  operating  lease  revenue  and  maintenance  reserves  revenue, 
respectively, in 2011 compared to 2010.  This was partially offset by a $1.0 million increase in 
gain on disposal of assets in 2011 compared to 2010 related to the sale of two aircraft and receipt 
of  insurance  proceeds  for  the  loss  of  a  third  aircraft.    It  is  important  to  note  that,  although  the 
Company recorded $10.9 million of maintenance expense in 2011, $7.8 million of that amount 
was funded by non-refundable maintenance reserves. 

In November 2011, the Company added the Saab 340B Plus aircraft model to its portfolio with 
the acquisition of two of those aircraft on lease to a new customer in Asia.  In January 2012, the 
Company  purchased  a  Bombardier  Dash  8-Q314  aircraft  on  lease  to  another  new  customer  in 
Asia.    The  Company’s  portfolio  now  consists  of  forty-three  aircraft  and  three  aircraft  engines, 
and covers nine different aircraft types.  Our customer base continues to consist exclusively of 
regional carriers – twenty different airlines operating passenger flights in all parts of the world.  

The  global  airline  industry  is  continuing  to  experience  contraction  and  ensuing  financial 
difficulty  due  to  the  protracted  downturn  in  the  world  economy.    Passenger  volume  has  fallen 
significantly, and the loss of revenue has affected many carriers’ financial condition.  The slow 
recovery  from  this  downturn  and  the  current  European  financial  crisis  continue  to  create  a 
challenging environment for the Company. 

In spite of this, the Company found opportunities in 2011 to refresh its portfolio with the sale and 
purchase transactions mentioned above, while continuing to actively manage its portfolio, with 
nine lease extensions during 2011 and the re-lease of seven aircraft that were off-lease in 2010. 

I appreciate your interest and support. 

Neal D. Crispin 
President and Chairman of the Board 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, DC 20549 

FORM 10-K 

(Mark One) 
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 

  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________ 

Commission File Number:  001-13387 

AeroCentury Corp. 
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) 

Delaware 
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 

94-3263974 
(IRS Employer Identification No.) 

1440 Chapin Avenue, Suite 310 
Burlingame, California 94010 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (650) 340-1888 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
NYSE AMEX Exchange 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  

Yes    No   

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  

Yes    No     

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  during  the  preceding  12  months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  file  such 
reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 

Yes   No   

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  and  posted  on  its  corporate  Web  site,  if  any,  every 
Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted  and  posted  pursuant  to  Rule  405  of  Regulation  S-T  (§  232.405  of  this  chapter) 
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   

Yes    No   

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  disclosure  of  delinquent  filers  pursuant  to  Item  405  of  Regulation  S-K  (§  229.405)  is  not  contained 
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated 
by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller 
reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one): 

Large accelerated filer     
Non-accelerated filer   

Accelerated filer   
Smaller reporting company   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  

Yes    No   

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (based upon the closing price as 
of June 30, 2011) was $15,631,500.  

The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of March 9, 2012 was 1,543,257. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 
2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  Except as expressly incorporated by reference, the Registrant’s Proxy Statement shall not 
be deemed to be a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

2  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward-Looking Statements 

PART I 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the 
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 
as amended (“the Exchange Act”). All statements in this Report other than statements of historical fact are "forward-
looking  statements"  for  purposes  of  these  provisions,  including  any  statements  of  plans  and  objectives  for  future 
operations  and  any  statements  of  assumptions  underlying  any  of  the  foregoing.  Statements  that  include  the  use  of 
terminology  such  as  "may,"  "will,"  "expects,"  "plans,"  "anticipates,"  "estimates,"  "potential,"  or  "continue,"  or  the 
negative  thereof,  or  other  comparable  terminology  are  forward-looking  statements.  Forward-looking  statements 
include:  (i)  in  Part  I,  Item  1,  “Business,”  the  Company’s  statements  regarding  its  belief  that  the  Company  can 
purchase assets at an appropriate price and maintain an acceptable overall on-lease rate for them; that the Company 
is  able  to  enter  into  transactions  with  a  wider  range  of  lessees  than  its  competitors;  that  the  Company’s  available 
cash and credit should be sufficient to meet the Company’s needs through the next twelve months; that the Company 
expects it will have sufficient cash flow to cover expenses and provide excess cash flow; that the Company expects 
to have sufficient  cash flow or borrowing availability under the Credit Facility to fund unusually large maintenance 
expenses;  that  competition  may  increase  if  competitors  who  have  traditionally  neglected  the  regional  air  carrier 
market  begin  to  focus  on  that  market;  that  the  Company  has  a  competitive  advantage  due  to  its  experience  and 
operational efficiency in financing the transaction sizes that are desired by many in the regional air carrier market; 
that the Company has a competitive advantage because JMC has developed a reputation as a global participant in the 
regional  aircraft  leasing  market;  and  that  neither  compliance  with  laws  regulating  discharge  of  greenhouse  gas 
and/or aircraft noise regulations, nor remedial agreements or other actions relating to the environment, are expected 
to  have  a  material  effect  on  the  Company’s  capital  expenditures,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  or 
competitive position; (ii) in Part II, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings,” the Company’s statement regarding its belief that 
none of the current lessee collection litigation, if resolved adverse to the Company, is anticipated to have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations; (iii) in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources,” the 
Company’s statements regarding its belief that it will continue to be in compliance with its Credit Facility covenants 
in 2012; and that the Company will have adequate cash flow to fund operational needs and payments required under 
the Credit Facility and  that this belief is based  on  reasonable  assumptions;  (iv)  in  Part  II, Item 7,  “Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations –– Outlook,” the Company’s statements 
that the Company will likely experience lower on-lease utilization rates, longer lead times, as well as lower rental 
rates for remarketed assets and that this will continue to affect the Company’s operating revenue in 2012; that there 
is likely to be a significant decrease in the pool of customers requiring aircraft; that the Company’s portfolio growth 
will continue to be slow; that it is possible that additional maintenance expense will be incurred in the process of 
remarketing  certain  assets  to  new  customers,  and  that  the  amount  of  such  expense  could  exceed  the  amount  of 
reserves previously collected for the assets; that the availability under the Credit Facility should be sufficient to fund 
its anticipated asset acquisitions through the end of 2012; that the Company will need to negotiate an extension or 
replacement of the Credit Facility by April 2013; that the Company will be in compliance with all Credit Facility 
covenants  in  2012;  and  that  the  Company  does  not  anticipate  any  trend  developing  that  will  result  in  additional 
deferral agreements in 2012; (v) in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations – Factors that May Affect Future Results,” the Company’s statements regarding its belief 
that it will have sufficient cash funds to make any payment that arises due to any collateral base limitations; that the 
Company will continue to be in compliance with its Credit Facility covenants; that the availability under the Credit 
Facility will be sufficient to fund projected acquisitions through the end of 2012; that the overall industry experience 
of JMC’s personnel and its technical resources should permit the Company to effectively manage such new aircraft 
types  and  engines;  that  there  are  effective  mitigating  factors  against  undue  compensation-incented  risk-taking  by 
JMC;  that  the  costs  of  complying  with  environmental  regulations  will  not  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company;  that  the  Company  has  sufficient  cyber-security  measures  in  place  commensurate  with  the  risks  to  the 
Company  of  a  successful  cyber-attack  or  breach  of  security;  and  that  the  Company  believes  that  sufficient 
replacement mechanisms exist in the event of an interruption in its internet communications ability; and (vi) in Part 
II,  Item  8,  “Financial  Statements,”  the  Company’s  statements  regarding  its  compliance  with  Credit  Facility 
covenants in 2012;  its belief that future taxable income will  not be sufficient to realize the tax benefits of all the 
deferred tax assets on the balance sheet; and that it expects to deliver a Fokker-100 aircraft to a new lessee in the 
second quarter of 2012.  

 
These  forward-looking  statements  involve  risks  and  uncertainties,  and  it  is  important  to  note  that  the  Company's 
actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in such forward-looking statements. Among 
the  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  are  the  factors  detailed  under  the  heading 
"Management's  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations  --  Factors  That  May 
Affect Future Results," including the impact of the ongoing economic downturn on the Company’s customer base of 
regional  air  carriers  and  certain  current  lessees  of  the  Company,  in  particular;  the  compliance  of  the  Company's 
lessees  with  obligations  under  their  respective  leases;  risks  related  to  use  of  debt  financing  for  acquisitions;  the 
Company’s  success  in  finding  appropriate  assets  to  acquire  with  such  financing;  deviations  from  assumptions 
regarding maintenance cost on returned aircraft and that future major maintenance expenses will be relatively evenly 
spaced  over  the  entire  portfolio;  and  future  trends  and  results  which  cannot  be  predicted  with  certainty.  The 
cautionary  statements  made  in  this  Report  should  be  read  as  being  applicable  to  all  related  forward-looking 
statements wherever they appear herein. All forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this document 
are  made  as  of  the  date  hereof,  based  on  information  available  to  the  Company  as  of  the  date  hereof,  and  the 
Company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or risk factor. You should consult the risk 
factors listed from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

4  

 
 
 
 
Item 1. 

Business. 

Business of the Company 

AeroCentury Corp., a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1997 (the “Company”), acquires used regional aircraft 
and aircraft engines for lease to foreign and domestic regional carriers.  

The  business  of  the  Company  is  managed  by  JetFleet  Management  Corp.  ("JMC"),  pursuant  to  a  management 
agreement  between  the  Company  and  JMC  (the  “Management  Agreement”),  which  is  an  integrated  aircraft 
management,  marketing  and  financing  business  and  a  subsidiary  of  JetFleet  Holding  Corp.  ("JHC").      Certain 
officers of the Company are also officers of JHC and JMC and hold significant ownership positions in both JHC and 
the Company. 

Since its formation, the Company has been engaged in the business of investing in used regional aircraft equipment 
leased  to  foreign  and  domestic  regional  air  carriers.  The  Company’s  principal  business  objective  is  to  increase 
stockholder value by acquiring aircraft assets and managing those assets in order to provide a return on investment 
through  lease  revenue  and,  eventually,  sale  proceeds.    The  Company  strives  to  achieve  its  business  objective  by 
reinvesting cash flow and using short-term and long-term debt and/or equity financing.   

The Company’s success in achieving its objective depends in large part on its success in three areas: asset selection, 
lessee selection and obtaining financing for acquisition of aircraft and engines.   

The  Company  typically  acquires  additional  assets  in  one  of  three  ways.    The  Company  may  purchase  an  asset 
already  subject  to  a  lease  and  assume  the  rights  and  obligations  of  the  seller,  as  lessor  under  the  existing  lease.  
Additionally,  the  Company  may  purchase  an  asset  from  an  air  carrier  and  lease  it  back  to  the  seller.    Finally,  the 
Company may purchase an asset from a seller and then immediately enter into a new lease for the aircraft with a 
third party lessee.  In this last case, the Company typically does not purchase an asset unless a potential lessee has 
been  identified  and  has  committed  to  lease  the  asset.    Occasionally,  the  Company  may  also  acquire  an  asset  for 
which it does not have a potential lessee.  

The Company generally targets used regional aircraft and engines with purchase prices between $3 million and $10 
million, and lease terms less than five years.  In determining assets for acquisition, the Company evaluates, among 
other  things,  the  type  of  asset,  its  current  price  and  projected  future  value,  its  versatility  or  specialized  uses,  the 
current and projected availability of and demand for that asset, and the type and number of future potential lessees.  
Because  JMC  has  extensive  experience  in  purchasing,  leasing  and  selling  used  regional  aircraft,  the  Company 
believes it can purchase these assets at an appropriate price and maintain an acceptable overall on-lease rate for the 
Company’s assets.  

In order to improve the remarketability of an aircraft after expiration of the lease, the Company focuses on having 
lease  provisions  for  its  aircraft  that  contain  required  maintenance  and  return  conditions  such  that  when  the  lessee 
returns the aircraft, the Company receives the aircraft in a condition which allows it to expediently re-lease or sell 
the aircraft, or receives sufficient payments based on usage over the lease term to cover any maintenance or overhaul 
of the aircraft required to bring the aircraft to such a state. 

When considering whether to accept transactions with a lessee, the Company examines the creditworthiness of the 
lessee, its short and long-term growth prospects, its financial status and backing, the experience of its management, 
and the impact of pending governmental regulation or de-regulation of the lessee’s market, all of which are weighed 
in  determining  the  deal  terms  offered  to  the  lessee.  In  addition,  where  applicable,  it  is  the  Company’s  policy  to 
monitor the lessee’s business and financial performance closely throughout the term of the lease, and if requested, 
provide  assistance  drawn  from  the  experience  of  the  Company’s  management  in  many  areas  of  the  air  carrier 
industry.  Because of its “hands-on” approach to portfolio management, the Company believes it is able and willing 
to  enter  into  transactions  with  a  wider  range  of  lessees  than  would  be  possible  for  traditional,  large  lending 
institutions and leasing companies. 

The  Company  has  funded  its  asset  acquisitions  primarily  through  debt  financing  supplemented  by  free  cash  flow.  
The Company’s primary source of debt financing has been secured credit facilities.  The Company currently has a 

5  

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
$90 million secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) provided by a syndicate of banks, with Union Bank, N.A. 
as agent, that expires on April 29, 2013. 

An additional $14 million in debt financing was raised through the issuance of 16% senior unsecured subordinated 
notes ("Subordinated Notes") in 2007 and 2008, the proceeds of which were used to pay down amounts previously 
borrowed under the Credit Facility. The Subordinated Notes were fully repaid as required on December 30, 2011. 
The Company has previously financed several asset acquisitions with lenders through asset-based term loans using 
special purpose subsidiaries.   

The Company believes that its current cash position, cash generated through operations, and unused credit available 
under the Credit Facility should be sufficient to meet the Company’s needs through the next twelve months.  

Working Capital Needs 

The  Company’s  portfolio  of  assets  has  historically  generated  revenues  that  have  exceeded  the  Company’s  cash 
expenses, which consist mainly of management fees, maintenance expense, principal and interest payments on debt, 
professional fees, and insurance premiums. 

The Company's management fees payable to JMC are based upon the size of the asset pool. Maintenance costs for 
off-lease  aircraft  and  costs  funded  by  non-refundable  reserves  are  recognized  as  an  expense  as  incurred.  Interest 
expense is dependent on the outstanding balances of the Company’s indebtedness. Professional fees are paid to third 
parties for expenses not covered by JMC under the Management Agreement.  Insurance expense includes amounts 
paid for directors and officers insurance, as well as product liability insurance and aircraft hull insurance for periods 
when an aircraft is off lease.   

So  long  as  the  Company  succeeds  in  keeping  the  majority  of  its  assets  on  lease  and  interest  rates  do  not  rise 
significantly  and  rapidly,  the  Company’s  cash  flow  should  continue  to  be  sufficient  to  cover  these  expenses  and 
provide  excess  cash  flow.    If  the  Company  incurs  unusually  large  maintenance  expense  in  any  given  period,  the 
Company expects it will have sufficient cash flow, or borrowing availability under its credit facility, to fund such 
maintenance. 

Competition  

The Company competes with other leasing companies, banks, financial institutions, and aircraft leasing partnerships 
for customers who generally are regional commercial aircraft operators seeking to lease aircraft under an operating 
lease.    Management  believes  that  competition  may  increase  if  competitors  who  have  traditionally  neglected  the 
regional air carrier market begin to focus on that market.  Because competition is largely based on price and lease 
terms, the entry of these new competitors into the market, and/or traditional large aircraft lessors into the regional 
aircraft  niche,  particularly  those  with  greater  access  to  capital  markets  than  the  Company,  could  lead  to  fewer 
acquisition opportunities for the Company and/or lease terms less favorable to the Company on new acquisitions, as 
well as renewals of existing leases or new leases of existing aircraft, all of which could lead to lower revenues for 
the Company.   

The Company, however, believes that it has a competitive advantage due to its experience and operational efficiency 
in financing the transaction sizes that are desired by many in the regional air carrier market.   Management believes 
that the Company also has a competitive advantage because JMC has developed a presence as a global participant in 
the regional aircraft leasing market. 

6  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dependence on Significant Customers 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  the  Company  had  three  significant  customers,  which  accounted  for  19%, 
14%  and  13%,  respectively,  of  lease  revenue.    Concentration  of  credit  risk  with  respect  to  lease  receivables  will 
diminish  in  the  future  only  if  the  Company  is  able  to  lease  additional  assets  or  re-lease  to  new  customers  assets 
currently on lease to significant customers.  

Environmental Matters 

Neither  compliance  with  federal,  state  and  local  provisions  regulating  discharge  of  greenhouse  gas  emissions 
(including carbon dioxide (CO2)) in the environment and/or aircraft noise regulations, nor remedial agreements or 
other actions relating to the environment, has had, or is expected to have, a material effect on the Company’s capital 
expenditures, financial condition, results of operations or competitive position.   

Employees 

Under the Company’s management contract with JMC, JMC is responsible for all administration and management 
of the Company.  Consequently, the Company does not have any employees. 

Available Information 

The  headquarters  of  AeroCentury  Corp.  is  located  at  1440  Chapin  Avenue,  Suite  310,  Burlingame,  California 
94010.  The main telephone number is (650) 340-1888. 

The  Company  is  subject  to  the  reporting  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  (the  “Exchange  Act”). 
Therefore,  the  Company  files  periodic  reports,  proxy  statements  and  other  information  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange  Commission  (the  “SEC”).  Such  reports,  proxy  statements  and  other  information  may  be  obtained  by 
visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 or by calling the SEC 
at (800) SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy 
and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically. 

Item 2. 

Properties. 

As  of  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  did  not  own  or  lease  any  real  property,  plant  or  materially  important 
physical  properties.    The  Company  maintains  its  principal  office  at  1440  Chapin  Avenue,  Suite  310,  Burlingame, 
California 94010.  However, since the Company has no employees and the Company’s portfolio of leased aircraft 
assets is managed and administered under the terms of the Management Agreement with JMC, all office facilities 
are provided by JMC. 

At  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  owned  one  Bombardier  Dash-8-Q400,  eight  Bombardier  Dash-8-300,  two 
deHavilland DHC-8-100, one deHavilland DHC-6, fourteen Fokker 50, one Saab 340A, six Saab 340B, two Saab 
340B Plus, and seven Fokker 100 aircraft, as well as three General Electric CF34-8E aircraft engines which are on 
lease or held for lease. 

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings. 

The  Company  is  not  involved  in  any  material  legal  proceedings.  The  Company  from  time  to  time  engages  in 
ordinary  course  litigation  relating  to  collection  matters  against  defaulting  lessees.  None  of  the  current  lessee 
collection  litigation,  if  resolved  adverse  to  the  Company,  is  anticipated  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company’s financial condition or results of operations. 

Item 4. 

Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Not applicable. 

7  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5. 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. 

The  shares  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock  are  traded  on  the  NYSE  AMEX  exchange  (“AMEX”)  under  the 
symbol “ACY.” 

Market Information 

The  Company’s  Common Stock has  been traded on the AMEX since January 16,  1998.   The  following table sets 
forth  the  high  and  low  sales  prices  reported  on  the  AMEX  for  the  Company’s  Common  Stock  for  the  periods 
indicated:  

Period 

High 

Low 

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2011: 

Fourth Quarter  ...............................   
Third Quarter ..................................  
Second Quarter ...............................  
First Quarter ...................................  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010: 

Fourth Quarter  ...............................   
Third Quarter ..................................  
Second Quarter ...............................  
First Quarter ...................................  

8.20 
14.48 
15.00 
24.00 

18.18 
22.38 
25.00 
21.50 

5.30 
6.27 
9.54 
11.51 

14.33 
13.00 
17.65 
13.33 

On  March  8,  2012,  the  closing  sale  price  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock  on  the  NYSE  AMEX  exchange  was 
$10.03 per share. 

Number of Security Holders 

According  to  the  Company’s  transfer  agent,  the  Company  had  approximately  1,700  stockholders  of  record  as  of 
March  5,  2012.    Because  brokers  and  other  institutions  on  behalf  of  beneficial  stockholders  hold  many  of  the 
Company’s shares of Common Stock, the Company is unable to estimate the total number of beneficial stockholders 
represented by those record holders. 

Dividends 

No  dividends  have  been  declared  or  paid  to  date.    The  Company  has  no  plans  at  this  time  to  declare  or  pay 
dividends,  and  intends  to  re-invest  any  earnings  into  the  acquisition  of  additional  revenue-generating  aircraft 
equipment. 

The terms of the Credit Facility prohibit the Company from declaring or paying dividends on its Common Stock, 
except  for  cash  dividends  in  an  aggregate  annual  amount  not  to  exceed  50%  of  the  Company's  net  income  in  the 
immediately  preceding  fiscal  year  so  long  as  immediately  prior  to  and  immediately  following  such  dividend  the 
Company is not in default under the Credit Facility. 

Stockholder Rights Plan 

In December 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan granting a dividend of one 
stock purchase right for each share of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of December 18, 2009 and the 
Company  entered  into  a  rights  agreement  dated  December  1,  2009  in  connection  therewith.  The  rights  become 
exercisable only upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the rights agreement, including the acquisition of 
15% of the Company’s outstanding common stock by a person or group in certain circumstances.  Each right allows 
the holder, other than an “acquiring person,” to purchase one one-hundredth of a share (a unit) of Series A Preferred 
Stock  at  an  initial  purchase  price  of  $97.00  under  circumstances  described  in  the  rights  agreement.  The  purchase 

8  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
price, the number of units of preferred stock and the type of securities issuable upon exercise of the rights are subject 
to adjustment. The rights expire at the close of business December 1, 2019 unless earlier redeemed or exchanged. 
Until a right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, has no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including the 
right to vote or to receive dividends. 

Item 6. 

Selected Financial Data. 

This report does not include information described under Item 301 of  Regulation S-K pursuant to the rules of the 
SEC that permit “smaller reporting companies” to omit such information. 

Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

Overview 

The Company owns regional aircraft and engines, which are typically leased to customers under triple net operating 
leases. The Company defines an “operating lease” as a lease with a term that is less than the useful life of the asset. 
A “triple net operating lease” is an operating lease under which, in addition to monthly rental payments, the lessee is 
generally  responsible  for  the  taxes,  insurance  and  maintenance  and  repair  of  the  aircraft  arising  from  the  use  and 
operation  of  the  aircraft  during  the  term  of  the  lease.    The  acquisition  of  such  equipment  is  generally  made  using 
debt  financing.  The  Company’s  profitability  and  cash  flow  are  dependent  in  large  part  upon  its  ability  to  acquire 
equipment, obtain and maintain favorable lease rates on such equipment, and re-lease or sell equipment that comes 
off lease.  The Company is subject to the credit risk of its lessees, both as to collection of rental payments and as to 
performance by lessees of their obligations to maintain the equipment.  Since lease rates for assets in the Company’s 
portfolio  generally  decline  as  the  assets  age,  the  Company’s  ability  to  maintain  revenue  and  earnings  is  primarily 
dependent upon the Company’s ability to acquire and lease additional assets.  

The  Company’s  primary  uses  of  cash  are  for  maintenance  expense,  purchase  of  aircraft  and  engines,  debt  service 
payments, management fees, insurance and professional fees.   

The  Company's  most  significant  non-cash  expenses  include  aircraft  and  engine  depreciation  and,  in  some  years, 
impairment provisions, which are affected by significant estimates, and, through December 31, 2011, amortization 
of costs associated with the Company’s Subordinated Notes, which is included in interest expense.   

Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates 

The  Company’s  discussion  and  analysis  of  its  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  are  based  upon  the 
financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America.  The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and 
judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosure 
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements.  In the event that actual results differ from 
these  estimates  or  the  Company  adjusts  these  estimates  in  future  periods,  the  Company’s  operating  results  and 
financial position could be materially affected.  

The  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  are  described  in  Notes  1  and  3  to  the  financial  statements.    The 
Company  believes  that  the  most  critical  accounting  policies  include  the  following:  Aircraft  Capitalization  and 
Depreciation; Impairment of Long-lived Assets; Maintenance Reserves and Accrued Costs; Accounting for Income 
Taxes; and Revenue Recognition, Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. 

9  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a. 

Aircraft Capitalization and Depreciation 

The Company’s interests in aircraft and aircraft engines are recorded at cost, which includes acquisition costs.  Since 
inception, the Company has purchased only used aircraft and aircraft engines.  It is the Company’s policy to hold 
aircraft  for  approximately  twelve  years  unless  market  conditions  dictate  otherwise.    Therefore,  depreciation  on 
aircraft  is  initially  computed  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  twelve-year  period  to  an  estimated  residual 
value  based  on  appraisal.    The  Company  estimates  the  period  over  which  it  will  hold  aircraft  engines  based  upon 
estimated  usage,  repair  costs  and  other  factors,  and  depreciates  them  to  their  appraised  residual  value  over  such 
period using the straight-line method. The amount of the depreciation expense recognized by the Company during 
any accounting period with respect to a particular asset depends upon the estimated holding period over which such 
asset is depreciated.  

The  Company  periodically  reviews  plans  for  lease  or  sale  of  its  aircraft  and  aircraft  engines  and  changes,  as 
appropriate,  the  remaining  expected  holding  period  for  such  assets.    Estimated  residual  values  are  reviewed  and 
adjusted periodically, based upon updated appraised residual estimates and the expected holding periods.  Decreases 
in  the  market  value  of  aircraft  could  affect  not  only  the  current  value,  discussed  above,  but  also  the  estimated 
residual  value.  A  reduction  in  the  estimated  residual  value  of  an  asset  results  in  an  increase  in  the  amount  of 
depreciation expense recognized by the Company during the remaining holding period of the asset. 

b. 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets 

The Company reviews assets for impairment when there has been an event or a change in circumstances indicating 
that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. In addition, the Company routinely reviews 
all assets for impairment annually.  Recoverability of an asset is measured by comparison of its carrying amount to 
the  future  estimated  undiscounted  cash  flows  (without  interest  charges)  that  the  asset  is  expected  to  generate.  
Estimates  are  based  on  currently  available  market  data  and  independent  appraisals  and  are  subject  to  fluctuation 
from time to time.  If these estimated cash flows are less than the carrying value of an asset at the time of evaluation, 
any impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its 
fair value.  Fair value is determined by reference to independent appraisals and other factors considered relevant by 
management.    Significant  management  judgment  is  required  in  the  forecasting  of  future  operating  results  that  are 
used in the preparation of future estimated undiscounted cash flows and, if different conditions prevail in the future, 
material write-downs may occur.  No impairment provision was recorded in 2011 or 2010.  

c. 

Maintenance Reserves and Accrued Costs 

Maintenance costs under the Company’s triple net operating leases are typically the responsibility of the lessees, and 
the majority of the Company’s leases require the payment of monthly maintenance reserves.  Maintenance reserves 
and  accrued  costs  in  the  accompanying  balance  sheets  include:  (i)  refundable  maintenance  payments  billed  to 
lessees, which are paid out as related maintenance is performed or at the end of the lease, (ii) for lessees that pay 
non-refundable  maintenance  reserves,  estimated  maintenance  costs  accrued  at  the  time  a  reimbursement  claim  or 
sufficient information is received regarding maintenance work performed, and (iii) maintenance for work performed 
for off-lease aircraft, which is not related to the release of reserves received from lessees.   

Non-refundable maintenance reserves are reflected as revenue based on reported usage, if collectibility is reasonably 
assured.  The Company uses the direct expense method, under which maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. 

Maintenance reserves are determined by mutual agreement of the Company and its lessee at inception of the lease 
and  are  based  on  the  Company's  estimate  of  the  total  maintenance  cost  at  some  future  point  resulting  from  the 
lessee’s  usage.  Reserve  rates  are  typically  subject  to  an  annual  adjustment  provision  that  accounts  for  inflation  of 
maintenance costs.   If a lessee is required to repair a component during the lease or perform a repair at lease end in 
order to comply with aircraft return conditions, it will be entitled to collect the reserves related to that repair from 
the Company, and any excess costs would then be the responsibility of the lessee.  Therefore, if maintenance rates 
do not accurately reflect the true cost of a repair, the Company will not incur any financial impact.  If, however, the 
Company repossesses an aircraft upon a lessee default, the Company would incur expense for the entire cost of the 
maintenance.    If  maintenance  rates  under  a  defaulted  lease  inaccurately  reflect  amounts  less  than  the  costs  of  the 
lessee's usage, such costs would be in excess of collected reserves.   It is also possible that, in order to remarket a 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
repossessed aircraft, certain inspections and repairs may need to be performed earlier than otherwise required by the 
manufacturer  or  regulatory  specifications.   In  such  a  case,  the  collected  reserves  from  the  defaulted  lessee,  which 
were  established  assuming  a  normal  interval  between  repairs,  would  likely  be  insufficient  to  cover  the  total  cost 
incurred by the Company.    

In  2010,  several  aircraft  were  returned  to  the  Company  prior  to  their  respective  lease  expirations.    The  Company 
incurred  significant  maintenance  expense  as  a  result  of  the  returns,  and,  in  some  cases,  the  maintenance  reserves 
retained by the Company at the time of the returns were insufficient to cover the required maintenance.  

d. 

Accounting for Income Taxes 

As part of the process of preparing the Company’s financial statements, management is required to estimate income 
taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.  This process involves estimating the Company’s 
current  tax  exposure  under  the  most  recent  tax  laws  and  assessing  temporary  and  permanent  differences  resulting 
from  differing  treatment  of  items  for  tax  and  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of 
America (“GAAP”) purposes.  These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in 
the  balance  sheet.    Management  must  also  assess  the  likelihood  that  the  Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  will  be 
recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent management believes it is more likely than not that some 
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, the Company must establish a valuation allowance.  To 
the  extent  the  Company  establishes  a  valuation  allowance  or  changes  the  allowance  in  a  period,  the  Company 
reflects the corresponding increase or decrease in the tax provision in the statements of operations. The Company 
had no material unrecognized tax positions in 2011 or 2010, and had valuation allowances of $158,600 in 2011 and 
$0 in 2010.   

Significant  management  judgment  is  required  in  estimating  the  Company’s  future  taxable  income  for  purposes  of 
assessing the Company’s ability to realize any benefit from its deferred taxes. If actual taxable income is less than 
these estimates or if the Company adjusts its estimates of future taxable income, the Company may not realize any 
benefit from its deferred tax assets and its operating results and financial condition could be materially affected. 

e. 

Revenue Recognition, Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 

Revenue  from  leasing  of  aircraft  assets  is  recognized  as  operating  lease  revenue  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the 
terms of the applicable lease agreements.  A receivable for deferred rent is recorded when the cash rent received is 
lower  than  the  straight-line  revenue  recognized.  Such  receivables  decrease  over  the  term  of  the  applicable  leases.  
Non-refundable  maintenance  reserves  billed  to  lessees  are  accrued  as  maintenance  reserves  revenue  based  on 
aircraft usage.  In instances where collectibility is not reasonably assured, the Company recognizes revenue as cash 
payments  are  received.  The  Company  estimates  and  charges  to  income  a  provision  for  bad  debts  based  on  its 
business experience and with each specific customer, the level of past due accounts, and its analysis of the lessee’s 
overall  financial  condition.  If  the  financial  condition  of  the  Company’s  customers  deteriorates,  it  could  result  in 
actual losses exceeding the estimated allowances.  

During  2011,  due  to  uncertainty  about  the  collectibility  of  the  related  receivables,  the  Company  recorded  a 
$1,924,400  bad  debt  allowance  and  recorded  related  reduced  operating  lease  revenue  of  $470,500,  reduced 
maintenance  reserves  revenue  of  $552,900,  reduced  maintenance  reserves  and  accrued  maintenance  costs  of 
$12,300, and increased maintenance expense of $888,700. 

Results of Operations 

The Company’s net income decreased by $3,098,500 in the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to 2010, due 
primarily  to  decreased  operating  lease  revenue  and  maintenance  reserves  revenue  and  increased  maintenance, 
general  and  administrative  expense  and  insurance  expense,  the  aggregate  effect  of  which  was  partially  offset  by 
decreased depreciation and interest expense and an increase in gain on disposal of assets. 

Operating lease revenue decreased by $3,362,300 in 2011 compared to 2010, primarily because of: (i) a $2,716,900 
decrease  related  to  aircraft  that  were  on  lease  in  2010  but  off  lease  for  all  or  part  of  the  2011  period;  (ii)  a 
$1,803,900  decrease  related  to  aircraft  that  were  re-leased  during  2010  and  2011  at  lower  rates;  (iii)  a  $470,500 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
decrease related to two aircraft for which the Company recorded a bad debt allowance in 2011; and (iv) a $312,500 
decrease related to aircraft dispositions in 2010 and 2011.  The effects of these reductions were partially offset by a 
$2,404,300  increase  related  to  assets  that  were  on  lease  in  2011  period  but  were  off  lease  or  subject  to  bad  debt 
allowances for all or part of the same period of 2010 and to two aircraft that were acquired and leased in 2011.  

Maintenance  reserves  revenue  decreased  by  $3,740,900  in  2011  compared  to  2010,  primarily  as  a  result  of  lower 
average usage by some lessees in the 2011 period and the effect of off-lease aircraft, as well as reduced maintenance 
reserves  revenue  from  two  aircraft  for  which  the  Company  recorded  a  revenue  reserve  in  2011.  The  2010  period 
included  maintenance  reserves  revenue  of  $3,263,300  related  to  refundable  maintenance  reserves  retained  by  the 
Company when two aircraft were repossessed in early 2010.  Such funds were used for maintenance required by the 
return conditions of the leases.   

Gain on disposal of assets increased by $955,000 in 2011 compared to 2010.  During 2011, the Company recorded 
net gains on the sale of two aircraft and a net gain related to insurance proceeds for the loss of an aircraft.  During 
2010, the Company recorded a net gain on insurance proceeds related to the loss of an aircraft, as well as gains on 
the sale of spare parts and of an engine that was replaced on one of the Company’s aircraft.    

The  Company  recognized  $238,800  less  in  maintenance  expense  in  2011  than  in  2010,  primarily  as  a  result  of  a 
$1,253,700  decrease  in  maintenance  performed  by  lessees  using  non-refundable  reserves,  the  effect  of  which  was 
partially  offset  by  a  $464,000  increase  in  maintenance  performed  on  off-lease  aircraft,  as  well  as  a  $523,400 
increase in amounts that were advanced on behalf of customers  in connection with maintenance performed on the 
Company’s aircraft but for which repayment was not reasonably assured.   

During  2011  and  2010,  $7,834,600  and  $8,860,800,  respectively,  of  the  Company’s  maintenance  expense  for  off-
lease aircraft and maintenance performed by lessees were funded by non-refundable maintenance reserves that had 
been recorded as revenue when earned. 

Depreciation  expense  decreased  by  $1,796,800  in  2011  compared  to  2010,  primarily  due  to  changes  in  estimated 
residual values, which the Company analyzes and adjusts periodically based on third party appraisals, the effect of 
which was partially offset by depreciation related to aircraft purchased in late 2010 and 2011. 

Professional  fees,  general  and  administrative  and  other  expenses  increased  by  approximately  $321,000  in  2011 
compared  to  2010,  as  a  result  of  higher  legal  and  accounting  expense  and  the  forfeiture  of  a  deposit  when  the 
Company did not purchase an aircraft for which the Company had previously executed a letter of intent. 

Insurance expense for off-lease aircraft increased by $316,900 in 2011 compared to 2010, primarily due to aircraft 
that were on lease in 2010 but off lease in 2011. 

In 2010, a customer that leased two Fokker 50  aircraft and another customer that  leased three Fokker 100 aircraft 
experienced severe financial difficulties, and all five aircraft were returned to the Company. The Fokker 100 lessee 
was  a  significant  customer  based  on  2010  lease  revenue.    The  Company  retained  the  entire  $12,752,500  of  non-
refundable  maintenance  reserves  from  both  customers  that  were  previously  recorded  as  maintenance  reserves 
revenue.  The Company has incurred significant maintenance expenses in order to prepare the five aircraft for lease 
to new customers.  Approximately $5,963,000 and $4,173,000 of such costs were incurred during the years ended 
December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The two Fokker 50 aircraft were re-leased to a new customer during 
2011. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

The Company is currently financing its assets primarily through debt financing and excess cash flows.   

(a) 

Credit Facility 

In April 2010, the  Company’s previous $80 million credit facility was replaced with a new, two-year $75 million 
Credit Facility provided by a syndicate of banks, with Union Bank, N.A. as agent.  In June 2010, the Credit Facility 
was increased to $90 million, with the addition of a new participant bank’s commitment of $15 million. In March 

12 

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012, the Credit Facility was extended for one year, to April 29, 2013, on terms similar to the original agreement.  
The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company, including its aircraft and engine portfolio. 

During 2011, the Company borrowed $6,500,000 and repaid $4,300,000.  As of September 30, 2011, the Company 
was out of compliance with a financial ratio covenant of the Credit Facility, but was granted a waiver of compliance 
with this covenant by the Credit Facility banks, applicable to the September 30, 2011 calculation.  As of December 
31,  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  was  in  compliance  with  all  covenants  under  the  Credit  Facility  agreement.  
Although  the  Company  believes  it  will  continue  to  be  in  compliance  with  all  of  the  Credit  Facility  covenants  in 
2012,  there  can  be  no  assurance  of  such  compliance.    Any  default  under  the  Credit  Facility,  if  not  waived  by  the 
lenders, could result in foreclosure upon any or all of the existing assets of the Company.  

As of March 9, 2012, the Company had an outstanding balance of $72,600,000 under the Credit Facility. Although 
the  total  maximum  credit  under  the  Credit  Facility  is  currently  $90,000,000,  exclusion  of  certain  assets  from  the 
collateral base has decreased the available credit to $13,765,000.  

The Company’s interest expense will generally increase and decrease with prevailing interest rates. The Company 
has the ability to enter into interest rate swaps to economically hedge against interest rate increases in its floating 
rate debt under the Credit Facility.  The Company has done so in the past and may do so in the future.   

(b) 

Senior unsecured subordinated debt 

In  April  2007,  the  Company  entered  into  a  securities  purchase  agreement  (the  “Subordinated  Notes  Agreement”), 
whereby the Company would issue 16% Subordinated Notes, with an aggregate principal amount of $28 million to 
certain  note  purchasers.  In  July  2008,  the  Company  and  the  holders  of  Subordinated  Notes  agreed  to  amend  the 
Subordinated  Notes  Agreement  to  reduce  the  maximum  amount  of  Subordinated  Notes  to  be  issued  from  $28 
million to $14 million. 

During  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  repaid  $2,343,500  and  $4,538,000,  respectively,  of  principal  under  the 
Subordinated Notes.  The final amortizing payment was made on December 30, 2011. 

The purchasers of the Subordinated Notes hold warrants to purchase up to 81,224 shares of the Company's common 
stock at an exercise price of $8.75 per share.  The warrants are exercisable for a four-year period that commenced at 
the  maturity  of  the  Subordinated  Notes  on  December  30,  2011.    Pursuant  to  an  investors'  rights  agreement,  the 
warrants  are  subject  to  registration  rights  that  require  the  Company  to  use  commercially  reasonable  efforts  to 
register the shares issued upon exercise of the warrants on a registration statement filed with the SEC.   

(c) 

Cash flow 

The Company’s primary sources of cash are (i) operating lease revenue and (ii) maintenance reserves billed monthly 
to lessees based on aircraft usage.  Cash collected by the Company for maintenance reserves is not required by the 
leases to be segregated and is included in cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s balance sheets.  

The Company’s primary uses of cash are for maintenance expense, management fees, professional fees, insurance, 
purchase  of  aircraft  and  engines,  Credit  Facility  interest  payments  and,  through  2011,  principal  and  interest 
payments  due  for  the  Company’s  Subordinated  Notes,  which  were  repaid  in  full  on  December  30,  2011.    The 
amount of interest paid by the Company depends on the outstanding balance of its Credit Facility, which carries a 
floating  interest  rate  as  well  as  an  interest  rate  margin,  and  is  therefore  also  dependent  on  changes  in  prevailing 
interest rates.   

The  timing  and  amount  of  the  Company’s  payments  for  maintenance  vary,  depending  on  the  timing  of  lessee-
performed maintenance that is eligible for reimbursement, the aggregate amount of such claims and the timing and 
amount  of  maintenance  incurred  in  connection  with  preparation  of  off-lease  assets  for  re-lease  to  new  customers.  
The Company’s maintenance payments constitute a large portion of its cash needs, and the Company may from time 
to time borrow additional funds under the Credit Facility to provide funding for such payments.  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management  believes  that  the  Company  will  have  adequate  cash  flow  to  meet  its  ongoing  operational  needs, 
including  required  repayments  under  the  Credit  Facility,  based  upon  its  estimates  of  future  revenues  and 
expenditures,  which  include  assumptions  regarding  (i)  revenues  for  assets  to  be  re-leased,  (ii)  required  debt 
payments, (iii) interest rates, (iv) the cost and anticipated timing of maintenance to be performed and (v) timely use 
of proceeds of unused debt capacity toward additional acquisitions of income producing assets. 

Although the Company believes that the assumptions it has made in forecasting its cash flow are reasonable in light 
of experience, actual results could deviate from such assumptions.  Among the more significant factors that could 
have  an  impact  on  the  accuracy  of  cash  flow  assumptions  are  (i)  lessee  non-performance  or  non-compliance  with 
lease obligations, (ii) inability to locate new lessees for returned equipment within a reasonable remarketing period, 
or  at  a  rent  level  consistent  with  projected  rental  rates  for  the  asset,  (iii)  lessee  performance  of  maintenance,  and 
payment  of  related  maintenance  claims,  earlier  than  anticipated,  (iv)  inability  to  locate  and  acquire  a  sufficient 
volume of additional assets at prices that will produce acceptable net returns, (v) an increase in interest rates and (vi) 
any one or a combination of the above factors that causes the Company to violate covenants of the Credit Facility 
agreement, which may in turn require repayment of some or all of the amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility. 

(i) 

Operating activities 

The  Company’s  cash  flow  from  operations  decreased  by  $1,714,800  in  2011  compared  to  2010.    As  discussed 
below,  the  change  in  cash  flow  was  primarily  a  result  of  decreases  in  payments  received  for  rent  and  security 
deposits and an increase in payments for aircraft insurance, the effects of which were partially offset by decreases in 
expenditures for maintenance, interest, and professional fees and general and administrative expenses. 

Payments for operating lease revenue and security deposits 

Several assets that were on lease in 2010 were off lease for all or part of 2011.  In addition, the lessee for two of the 
Company’s  aircraft  was  in  arrears  in  its  obligations  to  the  Company  at  the  end  of  2011.    As  a  result,  payments 
received from lessees for rent decreased by $3,262,300 in 2011 compared to 2010.  

The Company currently is receiving no lease revenue for its off-lease assets, comprised of three Fokker 100 and one 
Saab 340-B aircraft.   

The Company received $676,100 less for security deposits in 2011 compared to 2010.  The decrease was primarily 
due to funds received when the Company drew on a letter of credit that served as security for two aircraft leases that 
were terminated in early 2010 as a result of the lessee’s bankruptcy.  The security deposit was used to partially fund 
maintenance required by the return conditions of the leases. 

Payments for maintenance 

Payments  for  maintenance  decreased  by  $1,228,300  in  2011  compared  to  2010  as  a  result  of  a  decrease  in 
maintenance on off-lease aircraft, as well as a decrease in amounts reimbursed to lessees for maintenance reserves 
claims.    The  amount  of  payments  for  maintenance  in  future  periods  will  depend  on  the  amount  and  timing  of 
maintenance  paid  as  reimbursement  to  lessees  for  maintenance  reserves  claims,  which  are  dependent  upon 
utilization and required maintenance intervals, and maintenance paid for off-lease assets.   

Payments for interest 

Payments  for  interest  decreased  by  $1,337,900  in  2011,  compared  to  2010,  primarily  as  a  result  of  (i)  a  lower 
average Subordinated Notes balance as a result of repayments and (ii) the use of longer-term LIBOR financing for a 
portion of the Company’s Credit Facility indebtedness in the fourth quarter of 2011, for which interest was accrued 
but was not payable until the loans matured in January 2012. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Payments for professional fees, general and administrative expenses and aircraft insurance 

Payments for professional fees and general and administrative expenses decreased by $266,900 in 2011 compared to 
2010, primarily as a result of lower expenditures for legal costs in 2011 related to the Company’s Credit Facility, 
which  commenced  in  2010.    Payments  for  aircraft  insurance  increased  by  $398,600  in  2011  compared  to  2010 
because more of the Company’s aircraft were off lease in 2011. 

(ii) 

Investing activities 

During  2011,  the  Company  received  cash  of  $2,101,500  from  the  sale  of  two  aircraft  and  $1,699,900  from  the 
collection of insurance proceeds for the loss of an aircraft.  The Company used cash of $7,521,400 for the purchase 
of two aircraft and for equipment that was installed on several aircraft and for acquisition costs related to an aircraft 
purchased in December 2010, as well as for an engine maintenance contract related to the Company’s Bombardier 
Dash-8-Q400, which was purchased in December 2010 and leased in August 2011.    

During 2010, the Company received cash of $2,789,900 from the collection of insurance proceeds for (i) an aircraft 
that  was  damaged  and  declared  a  total  loss  in  January  2010  and  (ii)  an  engine  that  was  damaged  in  late  2009.  
During 2010, the Company used cash of $9,098,900 for the purchase of an aircraft, equipment that was installed on 
several aircraft and for acquisition costs related to aircraft engines purchased in the fourth quarter of 2009. 

(iii) 

Financing activities 

The Company borrowed $6,500,000 and $13,000,000 under the Credit Facility during 2011 and 2010, respectively.  
The Company repaid $6,643,500 and $10,618,500 of its total outstanding debt in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  Such 
payments were funded by excess cash flow.  

Outlook   

(a)  

General 

The recent global downturn resulted in a significant reduction in airline passenger volume and, in reaction to that, a 
reduction  in  the  number  of  aircraft  and  aircraft  engines  needed  for  operation  by  carriers  in  nearly  all  geographic 
areas,  especially  Europe.    The  slow  recovery  from  this  downturn  and  the  current  European  financial  crisis  have 
created a challenging environment for the Company in three respects:   

(cid:78) 

(cid:78) 

(cid:78) 

The global economic situation has increased the possibility of an unanticipated lessee default, particularly 
by the Company’s less-established carriers.  A lessee’s default and the unscheduled return of an asset to the 
Company  for  remarketing  could  result  not  only  in  reduced  operating  lease  revenue  but  also  in 
unanticipated,  unrecoverable  expenses  arising  from  the  lessee’s  default  on  its  maintenance  and  return 
condition obligations. The Company monitors the performance of all of its customers and continues to note 
indications of weakened financial conditions and operating results for the majority of its customers. 

The reduction in demand for aircraft and aircraft engines has increased the possibility that the Company’s 
current lessees will choose to return leased assets at lease expiration rather than renew the existing leases, 
notwithstanding  that  any  such  lessee  may  incur  significant  expenses  to  satisfy  return  conditions.    Due  to 
decreased  demand  for  aircraft  capacity,  it  is  likely  that  the  Company  will  experience  lower  on-lease 
utilization rates and longer lead times for remarketing of returned assets, as well as lower rental rates for 
remarketed assets, as was the case with several lease extensions and re-leases in 2010 and 2011.  This trend 
is expected to continue to affect the Company’s operating revenue in 2012.  

Finally,  the  downturn  also  has  created  fewer  opportunities  for  acquisitions  for  the  Company.    The 
Company’s  customers  are  generally  carriers  needing  additional  aircraft  to  expand  their  route  systems  or 
increase  frequencies.    In  the  current  environment  of  reduced  demand  for  air  travel  and  consequently 
reduced  capacity  by  carriers,  there  is  likely  to  be  a  significant  decrease  in  the  pool  of  such  customers 
requiring aircraft.  Therefore, it is possible that the Company’s portfolio growth will continue to be slow, as 
fewer carriers seek to expand their fleets. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
(b) 

Remarketing Efforts 

(i)  Assets currently off lease 

As of March 9, 2012, the Company is seeking release opportunities for the following of its assets that are off lease:   

(cid:78) 

(cid:78) 

Three Fokker 100 aircraft, which were returned to the Company prior to lease expiration in 2010; and  

One Saab 340B aircraft, which was returned at lease expiration in March 2011. 

The Company has incurred significant maintenance expenses in order to prepare its off-lease assets for lease to new 
customers.    Although  the  Company  believes  it  has  incurred  the  majority  of  such  expenses,  it  is  possible  that 
additional maintenance expenses will be incurred when new customers are identified for the Company’s remaining 
off-lease assets.  The amount of such maintenance could exceed the amount of reserves previously collected for the 
assets. 

(ii) Upcoming lease expirations  

Unless they are renewed, leases for four of the Company’s assets will expire in the first half of 2012.  The customers 
for two of the assets have indicated their intent to extend the applicable leases.  

(c) 

Credit Facility 

The Company believes that the availability under the Credit Facility should be sufficient to fund its anticipated asset 
acquisitions  through  the  end  of  2012.    The  term  of  the  current  Credit  Facility  will  expire  in  April  2013,  and  the 
Company anticipates will need to negotiate an extension or a replacement of the Credit Facility by that date.    

Although  the  Company  believes  it  will  be  in  compliance  with  the  covenants  of  the  Credit  Facility  in  2012,  as 
discussed  below  in  “Factors  that  May  Affect  Future  Results  –  Credit  Facility  Obligations,”  there  can  be  no 
assurance of such compliance.  Any default under the Credit Facility, if not waived by the lenders, could result in 
foreclosure upon any or all of the existing assets of the Company.  

 (d) 

Deferral Agreements 

Beginning  in  2009,  the  Company  granted  deferral  of  certain  overdue  and/or  future  rental  or  reserves  payment 
obligations pursuant to agreements with certain customers that had experienced financial difficulties. The Company 
currently  has  no  deferral  agreement  balances  outstanding.  One  of  the  Company’s  customers,  with  which  the 
Company  previously  had  a  deferral  agreement,  has  made  timely  payments  to  the  Company  since  August  2011 
following a change in management.  At December 31, 2011, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts in 
the  amount  of  $1,924,400  for  the  amounts  owed  by  that  customer  in  excess  of  the  security  deposits  held  by  the 
Company.  In January 2012, the Company and that customer signed a memorandum of understanding regarding the 
arrearages  owed  to  the  Company.    The  memorandum  of  understanding  calls  for  50%  of  the  arrearages  to  be  paid 
over time, with the remaining 50% forgiven by the Company upon receipt of all arrearage payments. 

Although  beginning  in  2009  the  Company  agreed  with  several  lessees  to  defer  certain  payments,  based  on  its 
evaluation  of  its  current  customers,  the  Company  does  not  anticipate  any  trend  developing  that  will  result  in 
additional deferral agreements in 2012. 

Factors that May Affect Future Results 

Credit Facility Obligations. The total amount of borrowing under the credit facility is limited to a percentage of the 
collateral  base,  and  assets  that  come  off  lease  and  remain  off-lease  for  a  period  of  time  may  reduce  the  collateral 
base.  Past due lease payments may also affect an asset’s eligibility for inclusion in the collateral base, and the credit 
facility agreement places certain limits on the use of deferral agreements to mitigate such arrearages for purposes of 
inclusion of the subject asset in the collateral base.  The Company believes it will have sufficient cash funds to make 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
any required principal repayment that arises due to any such collateral base limitations.  At September 30, 2011, the 
Company was out of compliance with one of its financial ratio covenants, but received a waiver from its lenders for 
such non-compliance.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants at the December 31, 2011 measurement 
date.  Although the Company believes, based in part on certain assumptions discussed below, that it will continue to 
be  in  compliance  with  the  covenants  of  the  Credit  Facility,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company’s 
assumptions will be correct, and if not, the Company will need to seek further waivers from its lenders.  Any default 
under  the  Credit  Facility,  if  not  waived  by  the  lenders,  could  result  in  foreclosure  upon  any  or  all  of  the  existing 
assets of the Company.  

The  Company’s  beliefs  regarding  compliance  with  its  credit  facility  covenants  are  based  on  certain  assumptions 
regarding  the  timing  of  the  incurrence  of  maintenance  expense,  remarketing  of  off-lease  assets  within  the  time 
period anticipated by the Company, certain lease renewals, interest rate levels, the Company’s profitability, lessee 
defaults or bankruptcies, and certain other matters that the Company deems reasonable in light of its experience in 
the  industry  (See  “Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources  –  Cash  flow,”  above).  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the 
Company’s assumptions will prove to be correct.  If the assumptions are incorrect (for example, if the Company’s 
off-lease aircraft are not re-leased in the time period currently anticipated by the Company as described in “Outlook 
–  (c)  Credit  Facility”)  and  the  Company  has  not  obtained  an  applicable  waiver  or  amendment  of  applicable 
covenants  from  its  lenders  to  mitigate  the  situation,  the  Company  may  have  to  sell  a  significant  portion  of  its 
portfolio in order to avoid or cure a default under the Credit Facility agreement.  

Risks  of  Debt  Financing.   The  Company’s  use  of  debt  as  the  primary  form  of  acquisition  financing  subjects  the 
Company to increased risks associated with leveraging.  Indebtedness owed under the Credit Facility carries a higher 
cost of capital relative to equity financing, resulting in relatively higher expense and reduced free cash flow.   The 
Company’s assets secure its debt financing.  In addition to payment obligations, the Credit Facility also requires the 
Company to comply with certain financial covenants, including a requirement of positive earnings and compliance 
with  interest  coverage  ratios  and  required  net  worth.   Any  default  under  the  Credit  Facility,  if  not  waived  by  the 
lenders, could result in foreclosure upon any or all of the existing assets of the Company.  In addition, the term of 
the  current  Credit  Facility  will  expire  in  April  2013,  and  the  Company  will  need  to  negotiate  an  extension  or  a 
replacement of the Credit Facility by that date, and there can be no assurance of any such extension or replacement.   

General  Economic  Conditions  and  Lowered  Demand  for  Travel.    The  Company’s  business  is  dependent  upon 
general economic conditions and the strength of the travel and transportation industry.  The industry is continuing to 
experience  financial  difficulty  and  contraction  due  to  the  protracted  downturn  in  the  global  economy.  Passenger 
volume has fallen significantly for carriers, and the loss of revenue has affected many carriers’ financial condition. 
The ongoing credit crisis has made it difficult or impossible for many regional carriers to find the additional debt 
financing on which they have traditionally relied. The confluence of these economic factors increases the likelihood 
of failures among the Company’s customers.  The spread of a disease epidemic, the threat or execution of a terrorist 
attack against aviation, a worsening financial/bank crisis in Europe, a natural event that interrupts air traffic (such as 
the  2010  Iceland  volcano  eruption),  political  crises  or  other  events  that  cause  a  prolonged  spike  in  fuel  prices,  or 
other like events could exacerbate an already weakened condition and lead to widespread failures in the air carrier 
industry.    If  lessees  experience  financial  difficulties  and  are  unable  to  meet  lease  obligations,  this  will,  in  turn, 
negatively affect the Company’s financial performance.   

During  the  current  period  of  economic  contraction,  many  airlines  have  reduced  capacity  in  response  to  lower 
passenger loads, and as a result, there has been reduced demand for aircraft and aircraft engines and a corresponding 
decrease in market lease rental rates and aircraft values for many aircraft types.  This reduced market value could 
affect the Company’s results if the market value of an asset or assets in the Company’s portfolio falls below carrying 
value, and the Company determines that a write-down of the value on its balance sheet is appropriate. Furthermore, 
if  older,  expiring  leases  are  replaced  with  leases  at  decreased  lease  rates,  the  lease  revenue  from  the  Company’s 
existing portfolio is likely to decline, with the magnitude of the decline dependent on the length of the downturn and 
the depth of the decline in market rents.  

Economic downturns can affect certain regions of the world more than others.  As the Company’s portfolio is not 
entirely  globally  diversified,  a  localized  downturn  in  one  of  the  key  regions  in  which  the  Company  leases  assets 
could  have  a  significant  adverse  impact  on  the  Company.  Currently,  34%,  23%,  18%,  12%  and  11%  of  the 
Company’s  lease  revenue  comes  from  the  European,  Caribbean,  Asian,  African  and  North  American  regions, 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
respectively, with, with six, two, two, three and four lessees, respectively. Therefore, Europe is currently the most 
significant  market  to  the  Company  and  a  regional  downturn  that  affects  the  financial  health  of  European  regional 
carriers  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  financial  results.    In  that  respect,  the  current 
European financial crisis and its potential impact on the European economy is a substantial area of concern for the 
Company.   

Over the last few years, several of the Company’s customers have experienced financial difficulties arising from a 
combination  of  the  weakened  air  carrier  market  and  their  own  unique  financial  circumstances  and  have  requested 
and  been  granted  deferral  of  certain  overdue  and/or  future  rental  or  reserve  payment  obligations.    If  the  current 
weakened  air  carrier  environment  continues,  it  is  possible  that  the  Company  may  enter  into  additional  deferral 
agreements. When a customer requests a deferral of lease obligations, the Company evaluates the lessee’s financial 
plan, the likelihood that the lessee can remain a viable carrier, and whether the deferral will be repaid according to 
the  agreed  schedule.   If  the  Company  feels  that  there  is  a  risk  that  deferred  obligations  will  not  be  repaid,  the 
Company records the rent and reserve payments from the applicable lessee on a cash basis. If the Company makes a 
judgment  that  the  lessee  is  likely  to  meet  its  deferred  obligations,  the  Company  continues  to  record  the  deferred 
rental  and  reserve  payments  as  revenue  in  the  periods  in  which  they  accrue.   It  is  possible  that  a  lessee  that  the 
Company judges to be likely to repay its deferred obligations could experience a worsening financial condition.  In 
that circumstance, the Company may determine that full repayment of the deferred obligations is no longer likely, in 
which case the Company would record a bad debt expense or reduction of income.  This could have a material effect 
on the Company’s financial results in the period that such bad debt expense or income reduction is recorded. 

Availability of Financing.  The Company believes that the availability of financing under the Credit Facility will be 
sufficient to fund projected acquisitions through the end of 2012. The Credit Facility term was recently extended for 
one year to April 2013. The Company will either need to negotiate a longer-term facility with the current syndicate 
of lenders or a replacement group within the coming year, or seek another short-term extension of the current Credit 
Facility  on  its  existing  terms.  In  the  longer  term,  however,  the  Company’s  continued  growth  will  depend  on  its 
ability to obtain capital, either through debt or equity financings. The financial markets have experienced significant 
setbacks that have made access to capital more costly and difficult. As a result, commercial lending origination has 
dramatically  decreased,  and  asset-based  debt  financing  remains  difficult  to  obtain.    There  is  no  assurance  that  the 
Company  will  succeed  in  finding  additional  funding,  and  if  such  financing  is  found,  it  may  be  on  terms  less 
favorable than the Company’s current debt financings.  

Ownership  Risks.    Nearly  all  of  the  Company’s  portfolio  is  leased  under  operating  leases.  The  term  of  a  lease  is 
typically less than the entire anticipated remaining useful life of the leased asset.  The Company’s ability to recover 
its purchase investment in an asset subject to such a lease is dependent upon the Company’s ability to profitably re-
lease or sell the asset after the expiration of the initial lease term.  Some of the factors that have an impact on the 
Company’s  ability  to  re-lease  or  sell  the  asset  include  worldwide  economic  conditions,  general  aircraft  market 
conditions,  regulatory  changes  that  may  make  an  asset’s  use  more  expensive  or  preclude  use  unless  the  asset  is 
modified, changes in the supply or cost of aircraft equipment and technological developments that cause the asset to 
become obsolete. If the Company is unable to remarket its assets on favorable terms when the leases for such assets 
expire, the Company’s business, financial condition, cash flow, ability to service debt and results of operations could 
be adversely affected.   

In addition, a successful investment in an asset subject to a lease depends in part upon having the asset returned by 
the lessee in the condition as required under the lease.  Each lease typically obligates a customer to return an asset to 
the  Company  in  a  specified  condition,  which  generally  requires  it  be  returned  in  equal  or  better  condition  than  at 
delivery to the lessee.  If the lessee becomes insolvent during the term of its lease and the Company has to repossess 
the asset from the lessee, it is unlikely that the lessee will have the financial ability to meet these return obligations 
and it is likely that the Company would be required to expend funds in excess of the maintenance reserves collected 
to return the asset to a remarketable condition. 

Several  of  the  Company’s  leases  do  not  require  payment  of  monthly  maintenance  reserves,  which  serve  as  the 
lessee’s  advance  payment  for  its  future  repair  and  maintenance  obligations.    If  repossession  due  to  lessee  default 
occurs  under  such  a  lease,  the  Company  will  be  left  with  the  expense  for  the  costs  of  unperformed  repair  and 
maintenance under the applicable lease and the Company may incur an unanticipated expense in order to re-lease the 
asset.  

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Furthermore, the occurrence of unexpected adverse changes that impact the Company’s estimates of expected cash 
flows  generated  from  an  asset  may  result  in  an  asset  impairment  charge  against  the  Company’s  earnings.  The 
Company  periodically  reviews  long-term  assets  for  impairment,  in  particular,  when  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value  of  an  asset  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognized 
when the carrying amount of an asset is estimated to be not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The Company 
may  be  required  to  recognize  asset  impairment  charges  in  the  future  as  a  result  of  a  prolonged  weak  economic 
environment, challenging market conditions in the airline industry or events related  to particular lessees, assets or 
asset types. 

Lessee Credit Risk.   The Company carefully evaluates the credit risk of each customer and attempts to obtain a third 
party guaranty, letters of credit or other credit enhancements, if it deems them necessary  in addition to customary 
security  deposits.    There  can  be  no  assurance,  however,  that  such  enhancements  will  be  available,  or  that,  if 
obtained, will fully protect the Company from losses resulting from a lessee default or bankruptcy.  

If a lessee that is a certified U.S. airline were in default under a lease and sought protection under Chapter 11 of the 
United States Bankruptcy Code, Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code would automatically prevent the Company 
from exercising any remedies against such lessee for a period of 60 days.  After the 60-day period had passed, the 
lessee would have to agree to perform the lease obligations and cure any defaults, or the Company would have the 
right  to  repossess  the  equipment.    This  procedure  under  the  Bankruptcy  Code  has  been  subject  to  significant 
litigation, however, and it is possible that the Company’s enforcement rights may be further adversely affected by a 
declaration of bankruptcy by a defaulting lessee. 

Most of the Company’s current and expected growth is expected outside of the United States, and non-U.S. lessees 
are  not  subject  to  U.S.  bankruptcy  laws,  although  there  may  be  debtor  protection  similar  to  U.S.  bankruptcy  laws 
available in some jurisdictions.  In any event, collection and enforcement may be more difficult and complicated in 
foreign countries.  

Since 2009, the Company has seen indications of a weakening in both the financial condition and operating results 
of  the  majority  of  its  customers,  and  several  of  the  Company’s  customers  have  experienced  financial  difficulties.  
The  Company  closely  monitors  the  performance  of  all  of  its  lessees.    If  any  of  the  Company’s  current  or  future 
lessees  becomes  unable  to  meet  their  lease  obligations,  the  Company's  future  results  could  be  materially  and 
adversely impacted. 

Concentration of Lessees and Aircraft Type. For the month ended February 29, 2012, based on monthly operating 
lease  revenue  and  interest  income  from  finance  leases,  the  Company’s  three  largest  customers  were  located  in 
Antigua,  Germany  and  Norway  and  accounted  for  a  total  of  approximately  39%  of  the  Company’s  monthly  lease 
revenue.  A lease default by or collection problem with one or a combination of any of these significant customers 
could  have  a  disproportionate  negative  impact  on  the  Company’s  financial  results  and  collateral  base  under  the 
Credit  Facility,  and,  therefore,  the  Company’s  operating  results  are  especially  sensitive  to  any  negative 
developments  with  respect  to  these  customers  in  terms  of  lease  compliance  or  collection.  Such  concentration  of 
lessee credit risk decreases as the Company leases additional assets to new lessees. 

As of February 29, 2012, the Company owned seven Fokker 100, nine Bombardier Dash-8-300 and fourteen Fokker 
50  aircraft,  making  these  three  aircraft  types  the  dominant  types  in  the  portfolio  and  representing  26%,  28%  and 
17%, respectively, of net book value.  As a result, a change in the desirability and availability of any of these types 
of aircraft, which would in turn affect valuations of such aircraft, would have a disproportionately significant impact 
on the Company’s portfolio value. Such aircraft type concentration will diminish if the Company acquires additional 
assets of other types. Conversely, acquisition of these types of aircraft will increase the Company’s risks related to 
its concentration of those aircraft types. 

Risks  Related  to  Regional  Air  Carriers.    The  Company’s  continued  focus  on  its  customer  base  of  regional  air 
carriers  subjects  the  Company  to  additional  risks.    Some  of  the  lessees  in  the  regional  air  carrier  market  are 
companies that are start-up, low-capital, and/or low-margin operators.  Often, the success of such carriers depends 
on  contractual  arrangements  with  major  trunk  carriers  or  franchises  from  governmental  agencies  that  provide 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
subsidies for operating essential air routes, both of which may be subject to termination or cancellation with short 
notice periods.  

Investment  in  New  Aircraft  Types  and  Engines.    The  Company  intends  to  continue  to  focus  solely  on  regional 
aircraft  and  engines.  Although  the  Company  has  traditionally  invested  in  a  limited  number  of  types  of  turboprop 
aircraft and engines, the Company has also acquired several Fokker 100 regional jet aircraft and regional jet aircraft 
engines, and may continue to seek acquisition opportunities for new types and models of regional jet and turboprop 
aircraft and engines used in the Company’s targeted customer base of regional air carriers.  Acquisition of aircraft 
types and engines not previously acquired by the Company entails greater ownership risk due to the Company's lack 
of experience managing those aircraft and engine types. The Company believes, however, that the overall industry 
experience of JMC’s personnel and its technical resources should permit the Company to effectively manage such 
new aircraft types and engines.  Further, the broadening of the asset types in the aircraft portfolio may have a benefit 
of diversifying the Company’s portfolio (see “Factors That May Affect Future Results – Concentration of Lessees 
and Aircraft Type,” above). 

Leasing Risks.  The Company’s successful negotiation of lease extensions, re-leases and sales is critical to achieving 
its financial objectives and involves a number of risks.  Demand for lease or purchase of the assets depends on the 
economic condition of the airline industry, which is, in turn, sensitive to general economic conditions.  The ability to 
re-lease  equipment  at  acceptable  rates  may  depend  on  the  demand  and  market  values  at  the  time  of  remarketing.  
The  Company  acquires  used  aircraft  equipment.    The  market  for  used  aircraft  equipment  has  been  cyclical,  and 
generally reflects economic conditions and the strength of the travel and transportation industry.  The demand for 
and value of many types of used aircraft in the recent past  has been depressed by such factors as airline financial 
difficulties, increased fuel costs, the number of new aircraft on order and the number of aircraft coming off lease.  
Values may also increase for certain aircraft types that become desirable based on market conditions and changing 
airline capacity.  If the Company were to purchase an aircraft during a period of increasing values, it would in turn 
need to lease such aircraft at a corresponding higher lease rate to compensate for its higher purchase price.   

Engine Leasing Risk.  The Company currently has three engines in its portfolio, making up 8% of the Company’s 
total aircraft and aircraft engines net book value. The Company may from time to time lease one or more of these 
engines  under  industry  standard  short-term  engine  leases,  which  place  the  risk  of  an  engine  failure  not  caused  by 
lessee negligence or foreign object damage upon the lessor.  It is not economically practicable for an engine lessor to 
insure against that risk.  If an engine failure occurs and is not covered by a manufacturer’s warranty or caused by 
circumstances that under its lease the lessee is required to cover, the Company’s investment in the engine could be a 
significant loss. 

Interest  Rate  Risk.    The  Credit  Facility  carries  a  floating  interest  rate  based  upon  short-term  interest  rate  indices. 
Lease  rates  typically,  but  not  always,  move  over  time  with  interest  rates,  but  market  demand  and  numerous  other 
asset-specific factors also affect lease rates. Because the Company’s typical lease rates are fixed at the origination of 
leases, interest rate changes during the term of a lease have no effect on existing lease rental payments.  Therefore, if 
interest  rates  rise  significantly  and  there  is  relatively  little  lease  origination  by  the  Company  following  such  rate 
increases,  the  Company  could  experience  decreased  net  income  as  additional  interest  expense  outpaces  revenue 
growth.  Further, even if significant lease origination occurs following such rate increases, other contemporaneous 
aircraft market forces may result in lower or flat rental rates, thereby decreasing net income.  

International  Risks.    The  Company  leases  assets  primarily  in  overseas  markets.    Leases  with  foreign  lessees, 
however, may present different risks than those with domestic lessees. 

Foreign  laws,  regulations  and  judicial  procedures  may  be  more  or  less  protective  of  lessor  rights  than  those  that 
apply  in  the  United  States.    The  Company  could  experience  collection  or  repossession  problems  related  to  the 
enforcement of its lease agreements under foreign local laws and remedies in foreign jurisdictions. The protections 
potentially offered by Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code do not apply to non-U.S. carriers, and applicable local 
law may not offer similar protections.  Certain countries do not have a central registration or recording system with 
which to locally establish the Company’s interest in equipment and related leases.  This could make it more difficult 
for the Company to recover an aircraft in the event of a default by a foreign lessee.   

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A lease with a foreign lessee is subject to risks related to the economy of the country or region in which such lessee 
is located, which may be weaker than the U.S. economy.  An economic downturn in a particular country or region 
may impact a foreign lessee’s ability to make lease payments, even if the U.S. and other foreign economies remain 
stable.    

In addition, foreign lessees are subject to risks related to currency conversion fluctuations.  Although the Company’s 
current leases are all payable in U.S. dollars, the Company may agree in the future to leases that permit payment in 
foreign currency, which would subject such lease revenue to monetary risk due to currency fluctuations.  In addition, 
if the Company undertakes certain obligations under a lease to contribute to a repair or improvement and if the work 
is performed in a foreign jurisdiction and paid for in foreign currency, currency fluctuations causing a weaker dollar 
between the time such agreement is made and the time payment for the work is made may result in an unanticipated 
increase in U.S. dollar-denominated cost for the Company. 

Even with U.S. dollar-denominated lease payment provisions, the Company could still be affected by a devaluation 
of  the  lessee’s  local  currency  that  would  make  it  more  difficult  for  a  lessee  to  meet  its  U.S.  dollar-denominated 
payments,  increasing  the  risk  of  default  of  that  lessee,  particularly  if  its  revenue  is  primarily  derived  in  the  local 
currency.  

Foreign lessees that operate internationally may also face restrictions on repatriating foreign revenue to their home 
country.  This could create a cash flow crisis for an otherwise profitable carrier, affecting its ability to meet its lease 
obligations. 

Finally,  ownership  of  a  leased  asset  operating  in  a  foreign  country  and/or  by  a  foreign  carrier  may  subject  the 
Company to additional tax liabilities that are not present with aircraft operated in the United States.  Depending on 
the jurisdiction, laws governing such tax liabilities may be complex, not well formed or not uniformly enforced. In 
such jurisdictions, the Company may decide to take an uncertain tax position based on the best advice of the local 
tax  experts  it  engages,  which  position  may  be  challenged  by  the  taxing  authority.    If  the  taxing  authority  later 
assesses  a  liability,  the  Company  may  be  required  to  pay  penalties  and  interest  on  the  assessed  amount,  which 
penalties and interest would not give rise to a corresponding foreign tax credit on the Company’s U.S. tax return. 

Reliance on JMC.  All management of the Company is performed by JMC under a Management Agreement between 
the Company and JMC, which is in the fifteenth year of a 20-year term and provides for an asset-based management 
fee. JMC is not a fiduciary to the Company or its stockholders. The Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) 
has ultimate control and supervisory responsibility over all aspects of the Company and owes fiduciary duties to the 
Company and its stockholders. The Board has no control over the internal operations of JMC, but the Board does 
have the ability and responsibility to manage the Company’s relationship with JMC and the performance of JMC's 
obligations to the Company under the Management Agreement, as it would have for any third party service provider 
to  the  Company.    While  JMC  may  not  owe  any  fiduciary  duties  to  the  Company  by  virtue  of  the  Management 
Agreement, all of the officers of JMC are also officers of the Company, and in that capacity owe fiduciary duties to 
the Company and its stockholders.  In addition, certain officers of the Company hold significant ownership positions 
in the Company and JHC, the parent company of JMC.   

The Management Agreement may be terminated if JMC defaults on its obligations to the Company.  However, the 
agreement  provides  for  liquidated  damages  in  the  event  of  its  wrongful  termination  by  the  Company.    Certain 
directors of the Company are also directors of JMC and, as discussed above, the officers of the Company are also 
officers of JMC and certain officers hold significant ownership positions in both the Company and JHC, the holding 
company for JMC.  Consequently, the directors and officers of JMC may have a conflict of interest in the event of a 
dispute  between  the  Company  and  JMC.    Although  the  Company  has  taken  steps  to  prevent  conflicts  of  interest 
arising from such dual roles, such conflicts may still occur. 

JMC  has  acted  as  the  management  company  for  two  other  aircraft  portfolio  owners,  JetFleet  III,  which  raised 
approximately $13,000,000 in bond issuance proceeds, and AeroCentury IV, Inc. (“AeroCentury IV”), which raised 
approximately $5,000,000 in bond issuance proceeds.  In the first quarter of 2002, " IV defaulted on certain bond 
obligations.  In June 2002, the indenture trustee for AeroCentury IV’s bondholders repossessed  AeroCentury IV’s 
assets  and  took  over  management  of  AeroCentury  IV’s  remaining  assets.    JetFleet  III  defaulted  on  its  bond 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
obligation of $11,076,400 in May 2004.  The indenture trustee for JetFleet III bondholders repossessed JetFleet III’s 
unsold assets in late May 2004.   

Management  Fee  Structure.  All  decisions  regarding  acquisitions  and  disposal  of  aircraft  from  the  Company’s 
portfolio  are  made  by  JMC.   JMC  is  paid  a  management  fee  based  on  the  net  asset  value  of  the  Company’s 
portfolio.  It may also receive a one-time asset acquisition fee upon purchase of an asset by the Company, and a one-
time remarketing fee in connection with the sale or re-lease of an asset.  Optimization of the results of the Company 
depends  on  timing  of  the  acquisition,  lease  yield  on  the  acquired  assets,  and  re-lease  or  sale  of  its  portfolio 
assets.  Under the current management fee structure, a larger volume of acquisitions generates acquisition fees and 
also  increases  the  periodic  management  fee  by  increasing  the  size  of  the  aircraft  portfolio.   Since  the  Company’s 
current business strategy involves continued growth of its portfolio and a “buy and hold” strategy, a compensation 
structure that results in greater compensation with an increased portfolio size is not inherently inconsistent with that 
strategy.   The  compensation  structure  does,  nonetheless,  create  a  situation  where  a  decision  by  JMC  for  the 
Company to forego an asset transaction deemed to be an unacceptable business risk due to the lessee or the aircraft 
type is in conflict with JMC’s own pecuniary interest.   As a result, the compensation structure could act to incent 
greater risk-taking by JMC in asset acquisition decision-making.  All acquisition decisions by JMC on behalf of the 
Company, however, currently require Credit Facility lender approval of the asset acquired and the lessee in order to 
be  included  in  the  Credit  Facility  collateral  base,  and  the  Company  has  established  objective  target  guidelines  for 
yields on acquired assets.  Further, the Company’s Board, including a majority of the outside independent directors, 
must approve any acquisition that involves a new asset type.  While the Company currently believes the foregoing 
are effective mitigating factors against undue compensation-incented risk-taking by JMC, there is no assurance that 
such mechanisms can entirely and effectively eliminate such risk. 

Government  Regulation.    There  are  a  number  of  areas  in  which  government  regulation  may  result  in  costs  to  the 
Company.    These  include  aircraft  registration,  safety  requirements,  required  equipment  modifications  and  aircraft 
noise requirements.  Although it is contemplated that the burden and cost of complying with such requirements will 
fall  primarily  upon  lessees  of  equipment,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  cost  will  not  fall  on  the  Company.  
Furthermore, future government regulations could cause the value of any non-complying equipment owned by the 
Company to decline substantially.  

Competition.    The  aircraft  leasing  industry  is  highly  competitive.    The  Company  competes  with  aircraft 
manufacturers, distributors, airlines and other operators, equipment managers, leasing companies, equipment leasing 
programs,  financial  institutions  and  other  parties  engaged  in  leasing,  managing  or  remarketing  aircraft,  many  of 
which  have  significantly  greater  financial  resources.    Nevertheless,  the  Company  believes  that  it  is  competitive 
because  of  JMC’s  experience  and  operational  efficiency  in  identifying  and  obtaining  financing  for  the  transaction 
types desired by regional air carriers.  This market segment, which is characterized by transaction sizes of less than 
$10  million  and  in  many  cases  privately-held  customers  without  well-established  third  party  credit  ratings,  is  not 
well served by the Company’s larger competitors.  JMC has developed a reputation as a global participant in this 
segment of the market, and the Company believes that JMC’s reputation benefits the Company.  There is, however, 
no  assurance  that  competition  from  larger  aircraft  leasing  companies  will  not  increase  significantly  or  that  JMC’s 
reputation will continue to be strong in this market segment. 

Casualties,  Insurance  Coverage.    The  Company,  as  owner  of  transportation  equipment,  may  be  named  in  a  suit 
claiming  damages  for  injuries  or  damage  to  property  caused  by  its  assets.    As  a  triple-net  lessor,  the  Company  is 
generally protected against such claims, since the lessee would be responsible for, insure against and indemnify the 
Company  for  such  claims.  The  Company  defines  an  “operating  lease”  as  a  lease  with  a  term  that  is  less  than  the 
useful life of the asset. A “triple net operating lease” is an operating lease under which, in addition to monthly rental 
payments,  the  lessee  is  generally  responsible  for  the  taxes,  insurance  and  maintenance  and  repair  of  the  aircraft 
arising from the use and operation of the aircraft during the term of the lease.  Although the United States Aviation 
Act  may  provide  some  protection  with  respect  to  the  Company’s  aircraft  assets,  it  is  unclear  to  what  extent  such 
statutory  protection  would  be  available  to  the  Company  with  respect  to  most  of  the  Company’s  assets,  which  are 
operated in foreign countries where such provisions of the United States Aviation Act may not apply.    

The Company’s leases generally require a lessee to insure against likely risks of loss or damage to the leased asset, 
and liability to passengers and third parties pursuant to industry standard insurance policies and  require lessees to 
provide insurance certificates documenting the policy periods and coverage amounts.  The Company tracks receipt 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
of  the  certificates  and  calendars  their  expiration  dates.    Prior  to  the  expiration  of  an  insurance  certificate,  if  a 
replacement certificate has not been received, the Company reminds the lessee of its obligation to provide current 
insurance certificates. 

Despite these requirements and procedures, there may be certain cases where the loss is not entirely covered by the 
lessee or its insurance.  The possibility of such an event is remote, but any such uninsured loss with respect to the 
equipment or insured loss for which insurance proceeds are inadequate might result in a loss of invested capital in 
and any profits anticipated from, such equipment, as well as a potential claim directly against the Company.  

Compliance With Future Environmental Regulations.  Compliance with future environmental regulations may harm 
the  Company’s  business.  Many  aspects  of  aircraft  operations  are  subject  to  increasingly  stringent  environmental 
regulations,  and  growing  concerns  about  climate  change  may  result  in  the  imposition  by  the  U.S  and  foreign 
governments  of  additional  regulation  of  carbon  emissions,  aimed  at  either  requiring  adoption  of  technology  to 
reduce the amount of carbon emissions or putting in place a fee or tax system on carbon emitters.  It is likely that 
any  such  regulation  will  be  directed  at  the  Company’s  customers,  as  operators  of  aircraft,  or  at  the  Company,  as 
owners of aircraft.  Under the Company’s triple-net arrangements, the Company would likely shift responsibility for 
compliance to its lessees, but there might be some costs of regulation that the Company could not shift and would 
itself have to bear. Although it is not expected that the costs of complying with current environmental regulations 
will  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  financial  position,  results  of  operations,  or  cash  flows,  no 
assurance  can  be  given  that  the  costs  of  complying  with  environmental  regulations  adopted  in  the  future  will  not 
have such an effect. 

Cyber-Security Risks.   The Company believes that it has sufficient cyber-security measures in place commensurate 
with the risks to the Company of a successful cyber-attack or breach of security.  The Company’s main vulnerability 
to a cyber-attack would be interruption of the Company’s email communications internally and  with third parties, 
and loss of document sharing between the Company’s offices and remote workers.  Such an attack could temporarily 
impede  the  efficiency  of  the  Company’s  operations;  however,  the  Company  believes  that  sufficient  replacement 
mechanisms exist in the event of such an interruption that there would not be a material adverse financial impact on 
the Company’s business.   

Warrant Issuance.  As part of the Subordinated Notes financing, warrants were issued to the holders of Subordinated 
Notes to purchase up to 81,224 shares of the Company’s common stock that are currently exercisable and represent 
approximately  5%  of  the  post-exercise  fully  diluted  capitalization  of  the  Company.    The  exercise  price  under  the 
warrants is $8.75 per share.  If the warrants to purchase shares are exercised at a time when the exercise price is less 
than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock, there will be dilution to the existing holders of common 
stock.  This dilution of the Company’s common stock could depress its trading price. 

Possible Volatility of Stock Price.  The market price of the Company’s common stock may be subject to fluctuations 
following developments relating to the Company’s operating results, changes in general conditions in the economy, 
the financial markets, the airline industry, changes in accounting principles or tax laws applicable to the Company or 
its  lessees,  or  other  developments  affecting  the  Company,  its  customers  or  its  competitors,  or  arising  from  other 
investor  sentiment  unknown  to  the  Company.    Because  the  Company  has  a  relatively  small  capitalization  of 
approximately 1.5 million shares outstanding, there is a correspondingly limited amount of trading and float of the 
Company’s  shares.    Consequently,  the  Company’s  stock  price  is  more  sensitive  to  a  single  large  trade  or  a  small 
number  of  simultaneous  trades  along  the  same  trend  than  a  company  with  larger  capitalization  and  higher  trading 
volume and float.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7A. 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

This report does not include information described under Item 305 of Regulation S-K pursuant to the rules of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission that permit “smaller reporting companies” to omit such information. 

Item 8.   

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

(a) 

Financial Statements and Schedules 

(1) 

Financial statements for the Company: 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 
Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 
Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 
Notes to Financial Statements 

(2) 

Schedules: 

All  schedules  have  been  omitted  since  the  required  information  is  presented  in  the  financial 
statements or is not applicable. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Burlingame, California 

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of AeroCentury Corp. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2011 
and 2010 and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in 
the  period  ended  December  31,  2011.    These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s 
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. 

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were 
we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audits included consideration of 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  a  basis  for  designing  audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the 
circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a 
test  basis,  evidence  supporting  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements,  assessing  the  accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement 
presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of AeroCentury Corp. at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of 
the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the United States of America. 

March 9, 2012 
San Francisco, California 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Balance Sheets 

ASSETS 

Assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivable, including deferred rent of $1,923,300 and $1,054,400, 

net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,924,400 and $0 at  

     December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively 
Finance lease receivable 
Aircraft and aircraft engines held for lease, net of accumulated  
   depreciation of $48,935,200 and $47,185,900 at   
   December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively 
Prepaid expenses and other 

December 31,  December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$       995,500 

$    1,949,400 

2,936,100 
1,271,400 

2,005,000 
- 

124,245,000 
1,378,000 

126,822,600 
2,234,300 

$130,826,000 

$133,011,300 

Total assets 

Liabilities: 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses 
Notes payable and accrued interest 
Maintenance reserves and accrued maintenance costs 
Security deposits 
Unearned revenues 
Deferred income taxes 
Taxes payable 

Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies 

Stockholders’ equity: 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,000,000 shares  
   authorized, no shares issued and outstanding 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares  
   authorized, 1,606,557 shares issued and outstanding 
Paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 

Treasury stock at cost, 63,300 shares 

Total stockholders’ equity 

$       368,100 
65,672,700 
5,814,700 
5,607,300 
558,200 
12,094,400 
20,400 

$       627,800 
65,375,500 
6,861,900 
4,661,800 
577,200 
12,766,500 
- 

90,135,800 

90,870,700 

- 

- 

1,600 
14,780,100 
26,412,600 
41,194,300 
(504,100) 

1,600 
14,780,100 
27,863,000 
42,644,700 
(504,100) 

40,690,200 

42,140,600 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

$130,826,000 

$133,011,300 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Statements of Operations 

Revenues and other income: 

Operating lease revenue, net 
Maintenance reserves revenue, net 
Gain on disposal of assets 
Other income 
Recovery of bad debt 

Expenses: 

Maintenance  
Depreciation 
Interest 
Management fees 
Professional fees, general and administrative and other 
Insurance 
Other taxes 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$19,403,900 
3,340,100 
1,371,000 
437,700 
- 

$22,766,200 
7,080,900 
416,000 
229,500 
208,000 

24,552,700 

30,700,600 

10,933,700 
5,598,900 
3,934,800 
3,715,400 
1,333,400 
878,900 
90,200 

11,172,500 
7,395,700 
4,298,600 
3,644,800 
1,012,500 
562,000 
90,100 

26,485,300 

28,176,200 

(Loss)/income before income tax provision 

(1,932,600) 

2,524,400 

Income tax (benefit)/provision 

(482,200) 

876,300 

Net (loss)/income 

(Loss)/earnings per share: 
  Basic 

  Diluted 
Weighted average shares used in (loss)/earnings per share computations: 
  Basic 
  Diluted 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

$(1,450,400) 

$  1,648,100 

$         (0.94) 

$           1.07 

$         (0.94) 

$           1.04 

1,543,257 
1,543,257 

1,543,257 
1,584,464 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 
For the Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 

Common 
Stock 

Paid-in 
Capital 

Retained 
Earnings 

Treasury 
Stock 

Total 

Balance, December 31, 2009 

$1,600 

$14,780,100 

$26,214,900 

$(504,100) 

$40,492,500 

Net income 

- 

- 

1,648,100 

- 

1,648,100 

Balance, December 31, 2010 

1,600 

14,780,100 

27,863,000 

(504,100) 

42,140,600 

Net loss 

- 

- 

(1,450,400) 

- 

(1,450,400) 

Balance, December 31, 2011 

$1,600 

$14,780,100 

$26,412,600 

$(504,100) 

$40,690,200 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Statements of Cash Flows 

Operating activities: 
  Net (loss)/income 
  Adjustments to reconcile net (loss)/income to net cash 
    provided by operating activities: 
      Gain on disposal of assets 
      Depreciation 
      Non-cash interest 
      Non-cash income 
      Provision for bad debts, net of recoveries 
      Deferred taxes 
      Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
        Accounts receivable 
        Finance lease receivable 
        Taxes receivable 
        Prepaid expenses and other 
        Accounts payable and accrued expenses 
        Accrued interest on notes payable 
        Maintenance reserves and accrued costs 
        Security deposits 
        Prepaid rent 
        Taxes payable 
Net cash provided by operating activities 

Investing activities: 

Proceeds from sale of aircraft and aircraft engine, net of re-sale fees 
Proceeds from insurance 
Purchases of aircraft and aircraft engines 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities: 

Borrowings under Credit Facility 
Repayments of Credit Facility 

    Repayments of Subordinated Notes 
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$(1,450,400) 

$1,648,100 

(1,371,000) 
5,598,900 
1,338,900 
- 
- 
(672,100) 

(928,900) 
225,200 
6,000 
(152,200) 
(194,400) 
349,900 
(889,800) 
1,048,100 
(19,000) 
20,400 
2,909,600 

2,101,500 
1,699,900 
(7,521,400) 
(3,720,000) 

6,500,000 
(4,300,000) 
(2,343,500) 
(143,500) 

(416,000) 
7,395,700 
1,270,600 
(8,000) 
75,800 
778,800 

577,700 
- 
(7,000) 
(2,380,500) 
(18,600) 
17,300 
(3,050,800) 
(799,100) 
(454,500) 
(5,100) 
4,624,400 

2,789,900 
- 
(9,098,900) 
(6,309,000) 

13,000,000 
(3,500,000) 
(7,118,500) 
2,381,500 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 

(953,900) 

696,900 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 

1,949,400 

1,252,500 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 

$  995,500 

$1,949,400 

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  paid  interest  totaling  $3,048,600  and 
$4,386,500,  respectively.  During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  paid  income  taxes 
totaling $0 and $14,000, respectively.   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

1. 

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a) 

The Company and Basis of Presentation 

AeroCentury Corp. (the “Company”), a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1997, acquires used regional aircraft 
and engines for lease to foreign and domestic regional carriers.  

(b) 

Use of Estimates 

The  Company’s  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  (“GAAP”).    The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with 
GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  The 
Company  bases  its  estimates  on  historical  experience  and  on  various  other  assumptions  that  are  believed  to  be 
reasonable for making judgments that are not readily apparent from other sources. 

The  most  significant  estimates  with  regard  to  these  financial  statements  are  the  residual  values  of  the  aircraft,  the 
useful lives of the aircraft, the amount and timing of cash flow associated with each aircraft that are used to evaluate 
whether assets are impaired, accrued maintenance costs, the estimated fair value of financial instruments, accounting 
for income taxes, and the amounts recorded as allowances for doubtful accounts. 

(c) 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The  Company  considers  highly  liquid  investments  readily  convertible  into  known  amounts  of  cash,  with  original 
maturities of 90 days or less from the date of acquisition, as cash equivalents.  

(d) 

Aircraft Capitalization and Depreciation 

The Company’s interests in aircraft and aircraft engines are recorded at cost, which includes acquisition costs.  Since 
inception, the Company has purchased only used aircraft and aircraft engines.  It is the Company’s policy to hold 
aircraft  for  approximately  twelve  years  unless  market  conditions  dictate  otherwise.    Therefore,  depreciation  of 
aircraft  is  initially  computed  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  twelve-year  period  to  an  estimated  residual 
value  based  on  appraisal.    The  Company  estimates  the  period  over  which  it  will  hold  aircraft  engines  based  upon 
estimated  usage,  repair  costs  and  other  factors,  and  depreciates  them  to  their  appraised  residual  value  over  such 
period using the straight-line method. 

The  Company  periodically  reviews  plans  for  lease  or  sale  of  its  aircraft  and  aircraft  engines  and  changes,  as 
appropriate,  the  remaining  expected  holding  period  for  such  assets.    Estimated  residual  values  are  reviewed  and 
adjusted periodically, based upon updated residual estimates obtained from an independent appraiser.  Decreases in 
the  fair  value  of  aircraft  could  affect  not  only  the  current  value,  discussed  below,  but  also  the  estimated  residual 
value.   

Assets that are held for sale are not subject to depreciation and are separately classified on the balance sheet.    There 
were no assets held for sale at December 31, 2011 and 2010.   

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

1. 

(e) 

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Fair Value Measurements 

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit 
price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants  on  the  measurement  date.  Valuation  techniques  used  to  measure  fair  value  must  maximize  the  use  of 
observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs, to the extent possible. The standard describes a fair 
value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs.  The first two are considered observable and the last unobservable.  

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.  

Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar 
assets  or  liabilities;  quoted  prices  in  markets  that  are  not  active;  or  other  inputs  that  are  observable  or  can  be 
corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.  

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair 
value of the assets or liabilities.  

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis  

The following table shows by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets at fair value:  

December 31, 2011 

December 31, 2010 

Total 

Level 
1 

Level 
2 

Level 
3 

Total 

Level 
1 

Level 
2 

Level 
3 

Money 
market funds 
included in 
cash and cash 
equivalents 

$736,000 

$736,000 

$     - 

$     - 

$1,733,000 

$1,733,000 

$     - 

$     - 

Total 

$736,000 

$736,000 

$     - 

$     - 

$1,733,000 

$1,733,000 

$     - 

$     - 

As  of  December  31,  2011  and  December  31,  2010,  there  were  no  liabilities  that  are  required  to  be  measured  and 
recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. 

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis  

The Company determines fair value of long-lived assets held and used, such as aircraft and aircraft engines held for 
lease, by reference to independent appraisals, quoted market prices (e.g., offers to purchase) and other factors. An 
impairment charge is recorded when the Company believes that the carrying value of an asset will not be recovered 
through future net cash flows and that carrying value exceeds its fair value. During the years ended December 31, 
2011 and 2010, there was no recorded write-down of long-lived assets recorded. 

31 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

1. 

(e) 

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Fair Value Measurements (continued) 

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments 

The  Company’s  financial  instruments,  other  than  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  consist  principally  of  accounts 
receivable,  accounts  payable,  amounts  borrowed  under  a  credit  facility  and  borrowings  under  notes  payable.    The 
fair  value  of  accounts  receivable  and  accounts  payable  approximates  the  carrying  value  of  these  financial 
instruments because of their short-term nature. 

Borrowings  under  the  Company’s  Credit  Facility  bear  floating  rates  of  interest  that  reset  periodically  to  a  market 
benchmark  rate  plus  a  credit  margin.    The  Company  believes  the  effective  interest  rates  of  its  various  debt 
agreements  approximate  current  market  rates  for  such  indebtedness  at  the  balance  sheet  date.    The  Company 
believes  the  carrying  amount  of  its  floating  and  fixed  rate  debt  at  the  balance  sheet  dates  approximates  their  fair 
values, which were estimated by calculation of the present value of future repayment obligations using estimates of 
borrowing rates that would be available to the Company for such instruments.   

(f) 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets 

The Company reviews assets for impairment when there has been an event or a change in circumstances indicating 
that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. In addition, the Company routinely reviews 
all assets for impairment annually. Recoverability of an asset is measured by comparison of its carrying amount to 
the  future  estimated  undiscounted  cash  flows  (without  interest  charges)  that  the  asset  is  expected  to  generate.  
Estimates  are  based  on  currently  available  market  data  and  independent  appraisals  and  are  subject  to  fluctuation 
from time to time.  If these estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying value of an asset at the time of 
evaluation, any impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset 
exceeds its fair value.  Fair value is determined by reference to independent appraisals and other factors considered 
relevant by management. Significant management judgment is required in the forecasting of future operating results 
that are used in the preparation of estimated future undiscounted cash flows and, if different conditions prevail in the 
future, material write-downs may occur.   

(g) 

Deferred Financing Costs and Commitment Fees 

Costs incurred in connection with term debt financing are deferred and amortized over the term of the debt using the 
effective  interest  method  or,  in  certain  instances  where  the  differences  are  not  material,  using  the  straight-line 
method.    Costs  incurred  in  connection  with  the  Company’s  Credit  Facility  are  deferred  and  amortized  using  the 
straight-line method.   

Commitment fees for unused funds are expensed as incurred.   

(h) 

Security deposits 

The Company’s leases are typically structured so that if any event of default occurs under a lease, the Company may 
apply all or a portion of the lessee’s security deposit to cure such default.  If such application of the security deposit 
is made, the lessee typically is required to replenish and maintain the full amount of the deposit during the remaining 
term of the lease.  All of the security deposits received by the Company are refundable to the lessee at the end of the 
lease, upon satisfaction of all lease terms. 

32 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

1. 

(i) 

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Taxes 

As part of the process of preparing the Company’s financial statements, management is required to estimate income 
taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates.  This process involves estimating the Company’s 
current  tax  exposure  under  the  most  recent  tax  laws  and  assessing  temporary  differences  resulting  from  differing 
treatment of items for tax and GAAP purposes.  These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which 
are  included  in  the  balance  sheet.    Management  must  also  assess  the  likelihood  that  the  Company’s  deferred  tax 
assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent management believes it is more likely than 
not  that  some  portion  or  all  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  realized,  the  Company  establishes  a  valuation 
allowance.  To the extent the Company establishes a valuation allowance or changes the allowance in a period, the 
Company  reflects  the  corresponding  increase  or  decrease  within  the  tax  provision  in  the  statement  of  operations. 
Significant management judgment is required in determining the Company’s future taxable income for purposes of 
assessing the Company’s ability to realize any benefit from its deferred taxes. 

The  Company  accrues  non-income  based  sales,  use,  value  added  and  franchise  taxes  as  other  tax  expense  in  the 
statements of operations.  

(j) 

Revenue Recognition, Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 

Revenue  from  leasing  of  aircraft  assets  is  recognized  as  operating  lease  revenue  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the 
terms  of  the  applicable  lease  agreements.  Deferred  payments  are  recorded  as  accrued  rent  when  the  cash  rent 
received  is  lower  than  the  straight-line  revenue  recognized.  Such  receivables  decrease  over  the  term  of  the 
applicable leases. Non-refundable maintenance reserves are based on usage and are accrued as maintenance reserves 
revenue.   

In instances where collectibility is not reasonably assured, the Company recognizes revenue as cash payments are 
received.    The  Company  estimates  and  charges  to  income  a  provision  for  bad  debts  based  on  its  experience  with 
each specific customer, the level of past due accounts, and its analysis of the lessee’s overall financial condition.  If 
the financial condition of any of the Company’s customers deteriorates, it could result in actual losses exceeding any 
estimated allowances.   

The  Company’s  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  at  December  31,  2011  and  2010  was  $1,924,400  and  $0, 
respectively.    The  December  31,  2011  allowance  related  to  one  of  the  Company’s  customers  with  which  the 
Company had previously agreed to defer a portion of rent and reserves payments due during 2010.  In January 2012, 
the Company and this customer signed an agreement governing the repayment of the past due amounts, a portion of 
which will be forgiven by the Company upon receipt of all payments due under the agreement.  

(k) 

Comprehensive Income 

The Company does not have any comprehensive income other than the revenue and expense items included in the 
statements of operations.  As a result, comprehensive income equals net income for the years ended December 31, 
2011 and 2010. 

33 

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

1. 

(l) 

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Reclassifications 

Certain  of  the  prior  period  financial  statement  amounts  have  been  reclassified  to  conform  to  the  current  year 
presentation.    These reclassifications  had  no  impact  on  previously  reported  net  income  or  cash  flows.   Amounts 
reported  for  maintenance  expense  for  the year  ended  December  30,  2010  in  the  accompanying  statements  of 
operations  include  $283,800  of  bad debt  expense  recorded  in  the  quarter  ended  June  30,  2010.     Such  amount, 
advanced  on  behalf  of  a  lessee,  was  related  to  maintenance  and  was  subject  to  reimbursement.  The 
Company determined  the  amount  was  uncollectible  and  recorded  a  bad  debt  allowance  at  June  30,  2010.  This 
amount  has  been  reclassified  to  maintenance  expense,  as  the  Company believes  that  this  classification  better 
describes the nature of the expense. 

(m) 

Finance Leases 

The  lease  for  one  of  the  Company’s  aircraft  contains  a  purchase  option  for  the  lessee  for  an  amount  substantially 
below  the  estimated  residual  value  of  the  asset  at  the  date  for  purchase  under  such  option.    Consequently,  the 
Company considers the purchase option to be a “bargain purchase option” and has classified such lease as a finance 
lease for financial accounting purposes.  As discussed in note 2, the Company previously had a second finance lease 
until June 2011.  The Company does not include the value, purchase price or accumulated depreciation of finance 
lease assets on its balance sheet.  Instead, for any finance lease, the discounted present value of (i) future minimum 
lease  payments  (including  bargain  purchase  options)  and  (ii)  any  residual  value  not  subject  to  a  bargain  purchase 
option are reported as a finance lease receivable.    Rental  revenue  and  depreciation  expense  are  not  recognized on 
finance  leases.    Rather,  the  Company  accrues  interest  on  the  balance  of  the  finance  lease  receivable  based  on  the 
interest rate inherent in the lease.  The Company’s results for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 included 
$243,500 and $0 respectively, of interest earned on finance leases 

2. 

Aircraft and Aircraft Engines Held for Lease 

At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company’s aircraft and aircraft engines, which were on lease or 
held for lease, consisted of the following.    

Model 

Fokker 100 
Bombardier Dash-8-300 
Fokker 50 
General Electric CF34-8E5 engine 
Bombardier Dash-8-Q400 
Saab 340B 
Saab 340B Plus 
deHavilland DHC-8-100 
deHavilland DHC-6 
Saab 340A 

December 31, 2011 
% of net 
book value 

Number 
owned 

December 31, 2010 
% of net 
book value 

Number 
owned 

 7  
 8  
 14  
 3  
1 
 6  
2 
 2  
 1  
 1  

28% 
23% 
18% 
8% 
8% 
6% 
4% 
4% 
1% 
- 

 7  
 8  
 14  
 3  
1 
 6  
- 
 2  
 3  
 2  

30% 
23% 
19% 
8% 
7% 
6% 
- 
4% 
1% 
2% 

Net  book  value  at  December  31,  2011  excludes  the  Company’s  Saab  340A  aircraft,  which  is  subject  to  a  finance 
lease. 

34 

 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

2. 

Aircraft and Aircraft Engines Held for Lease (continued) 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  purchased  two  Saab  340B  Plus  aircraft.    The  Company 
also paid $936,500  for equipment that was installed on several aircraft and for  acquisition costs related to  aircraft 
purchased  in  December  2010  and  January  2012.    The  Company  also  capitalized  $1,855,900  for  an  engine 
maintenance  contract  related  to  one  of  the  Company’s  aircraft.    During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2010,  the 
Company  purchased  a  Bombardier  Dash-8-Q400  aircraft,  and  paid  $301,700  for  equipment  that  was  installed  on 
several aircraft and for acquisition costs related to aircraft engines purchased in December 2009. 

During  2011,  the  Company  sold  two  of  its  deHavilland  DHC-6  aircraft  to  the  lessee  and  recorded  a  gain  of 
approximately $1,053,000. The Company also recorded a gain on insurance proceeds of approximately $318,000 in 
connection with the total loss of an asset that was subject to a finance lease. 

During 2010, the Company recorded a net gain on insurance proceeds of $331,000 in connection with the total loss 
of an aircraft.  The Company also recorded a gain of $85,000 on the sale of parts from an engine that was replaced 
on another of the Company’s aircraft.  

During 2011, the Company extended the leases for nine of its assets and leased seven assets that had been off lease 
at December 31, 2010.   

In January 2011, the Company determined that the leases for its two Saab 340A aircraft should be treated as finance 
leases.    The  Company  recorded  a  receivable  of  approximately  $2,883,000  for  the  present  value  of  the  rents  due 
under the leases and a related reduction in aircraft net book value. One of the aircraft sustained significant damage 
and was declared a total loss during the second quarter of 2011, resulting in the $318,000 gain discussed above.  At 
December 31, 2011, the balance of the finance lease receivable was $1,271,400. 

In February 2011, the Company amended its deferral agreement with one customer to extend the due date to May 
31,  2011.    The  Company  also  agreed  to  pay  $284,800  to  a  maintenance  vendor  on  behalf  of  the  customer  in 
connection with maintenance performed on one of the Company’s aircraft.  Under the agreement, the customer was 
required to reimburse the Company for the vendor payment no later than May 31, 2011.  At December 31, 2011, the 
Company  had  an  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  related  to  that  customer  in  the  amount  of  $1,924,400  for  the 
amounts owed in excess of payments received and the security deposits held by the Company.  As discussed in Note 
11, in early 2012, the Company and the customer signed a memorandum of understanding regarding the arrearages 
owed to the Company.  

At  December  31,  2011,  five  of  the  Company’s  assets,  comprised  of  three  Fokker  100  aircraft,  one  Saab  340B 
aircraft  and  one  General  Electric  CF34-8E5  engine,  were  off  lease.    As  discussed  in  Note  11,  the  engine  was  re-
leased in March 2012.  The Company is seeking re-lease opportunities for the off-lease aircraft. 

3. 

Maintenance and Accrued Costs 

Maintenance  costs  under  the  Company’s  triple  net  operating  leases  are  generally  the  responsibility  of  the  lessees.  
Most  of  the  Company’s  leases  require  payment  of  maintenance  reserves  (based  upon  usage)  that  are  intended  to 
accumulate  funds  that  are  expected  to  cover  most  or  all  of  the  cost  of  the  lessees’  performance  of  certain 
maintenance  obligations  under  the  leases.    Some  of  these  payments  for  maintenance  reserves  are  refundable,  and 
some are non-refundable. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

3. 

Maintenance and Accrued Costs (continued) 

Refundable maintenance reserves received by the Company are based on lessee-reported usage during the applicable 
month and are accounted for as a liability, which is reduced when maintenance work is performed during the lease. 
Maintenance reserves that are refundable to the lessee are refunded after all return conditions specified in the lease 
and, in some cases, any other payments due under the lease are satisfied.  Any refundable reserves retained by the 
Company to satisfy return conditions are recorded as revenue when the aircraft is returned.   

Non-refundable  maintenance  reserves  billed  to  lessees  are  recorded  monthly  as  maintenance  reserves  revenue 
(assuming cash is received or collections are reasonably assured) based on the lessee-reported asset usage during the 
applicable month. 

The  Company  uses  the  direct  expensing  method  to  account  for  maintenance  costs  that  are  paid  pursuant  to  non-
refundable  maintenance  reserve  provisions  of  its  leases  or  that  are  incurred  by  the  Company  directly  (usually 
associated  with  off-lease  aircraft).  Maintenance  costs  associated  with  non-refundable  reserves  are  expensed  in  the 
period  in  which  sufficient  information  is  received  from  the  lessee  to  estimate  maintenance  costs,  or  when  a 
reimbursement claim is made by the lessee for maintenance incurred where no earlier estimate was possible.  

The timing difference between recording maintenance reserves revenue as usage occurs and recording maintenance 
expense as maintenance is performed can have material effects on the volatility of reported earnings. 

The  accompanying  balance  sheets  reflect  refundable  maintenance  payments  billed  to  lessees  based  on  usage  and 
accrued maintenance costs as liabilities for maintenance reserves.  At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, 
the Company’s maintenance reserves and accruals consisted of the following: 

Refundable maintenance reserves 
Accrued maintenance costs 

December 31, 
2011 

December 31, 
2010 

$4,801,300 
1,013,400 
$5,814,700 

$4,415,100 
2,446,800 
$6,861,900 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

3. 

Maintenance and Accrued Costs (continued) 

Additions to and deductions from the Company’s accrued maintenance costs during the years ended December 31, 
2011 and 2010 for aircraft maintenance were as follows: 

Balance, beginning of year 

Additions: 

Charged to expense 

       Reversals of previously accrued maintenance costs 
       Total maintenance expense 
       Capital equipment 
       Accrued claims related to refundable maintenance reserves 
       Other 
Total additions 

Deductions: 
      Payments 
      Prepaid maintenance 
      Other 

For Years Ended 
December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$  2,446,800 

$  2,433,700 

11,466,100 
(532,400) 
10,933,700 
487,800 
83,500 
- 
11,505,000 

11,785,300 
374,200 
778,900 
12,938,400 

12,965,500 
(1,793,000) 
11,172,500 
226,000 
2,798,500 
375,200 
14,572,200 

13,764,800 
- 
794,300 
14,559,100 

Net (decrease)/increase in accrued maintenance costs 

(1,433,400) 

13,100 

Balance, end of year 

$  1,013,400 

$  2,446,800 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

4. 

Operating Segments 

The  Company  operates  in  one  business  segment,  the  leasing  of  regional  aircraft  to  foreign  and  domestic  regional 
airlines, and therefore does not present separate segment information for lines of business. 

Approximately 9% and 12% of the Company’s operating lease revenue was derived from lessees domiciled in the 
United  States  during  2011  and  2010,  respectively.    All  revenues  relating  to  aircraft  leased  and  operated 
internationally are denominated and payable in U.S. dollars.  

The tables below set forth geographic information about the Company’s operating lease revenue for leased aircraft 
and aircraft equipment, grouped by domicile of the lessee:  

Operating Lease Revenue 

Europe and United Kingdom 
Caribbean 
North America 
Africa 
Asia 
South America 
Central America 

Net Book Value of Aircraft and  
Aircraft Engines Held for Lease 

Europe and United Kingdom 
Caribbean 
Off lease 
Africa 
North America 
Asia 
South America 

5. 

Concentration of Credit Risk 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$8,335,400 
4,725,800 
2,726,200 
1,998,100 
1,336,600 
281,800 
- 
$19,403,900 

$8,743,600 
6,160,000 
2,982,600 
1,467,400 
424,100 
553,000 
2,435,500 
$22,766,200 

December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$38,875,100 
23,585,000 
20,657,100 
16,392,100 
11,623,700 
11,072,400 
2,039,600 
$124,245,000 

$37,934,200 
24,526,900 
35,840,200 
6,562,600 
13,031,300 
3,913,100 
5,014,300 
$126,822,600 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash 
deposits and receivables.  The Company places its deposits with financial institutions and other creditworthy issuers 
and limits the amount of credit exposure to any one party. 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011  the  Company  had  three  significant  customers,  which  accounted  for  19%, 
14%  and  13%,  respectively,  of  lease  revenue.    For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2010  the  Company  had  five 
significant customers, which accounted for 16%, 12%, 12%, 11% and 11%, respectively, of lease revenue.  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

5. 

Concentration of Credit Risk (continued) 

At  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  had  a  receivable  from  one  lessee  of  $2,246,800,  representing  76%  of  the 
Company’s total receivables. Of that amount, $130,400 was paid in early 2012.  As discussed in Note 11, in January 
2012,  the  Company  and  the  customer  signed  a  memorandum  of  understanding  regarding  the  repayment  of  the 
balance owed. 

At  December  31,  2010,  the  Company  had  a  receivable  from  one  lessee  of  $536,600,  representing  56%  of  the 
Company’s total receivables.  The lessee was a significant customer based on 2010 lease revenue. Of the $536,600, 
$157,400  was  paid  in  2011  and  $379,200  was  payable  in  2011  pursuant  to  a  deferral  agreement.    As  discussed 
above, the Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts related to this customer in 2011 and, in January 
2012, reached a settlement regarding repayment of the amounts due.  

As of December 31, 2011, minimum future lease revenue payments receivable under noncancelable leases were as 
follows: 

Years ending 

2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 

Operating 
leases 

Finance 
lease 

$19,317,600 
11,998,800 
5,592,500 
1,671,100 
772,100 
$39,352,100 

$  264,000 
1,158,000 
- 
- 
- 
$1,422,000 

Minimum lease payments due under the Company’s finance lease include interest income totaling $150,600. 

6. 

Notes Payable and Accrued Interest 

At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company’s notes payable and accrued interest consisted of the 
following: 

Credit Facility principal 
Credit Facility accrued interest 
Subordinated Notes principal 
Subordinated Notes discount 

(a) 

Credit Facility 

December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$65,200,000 
472,700 
- 
- 
$65,672,700 

$63,000,000 
122,800 
2,343,500 
(90,800) 
$65,375,500 

In April 2010, the  Company’s previous $80 million credit facility was replaced with a new, two-year $75 million 
credit  facility  (the  “Credit  Facility”)  provided  by  a  syndicate  of  banks.    In  June  2010,  the  Credit  Facility  was 
increased  to  $90  million,  with  the  addition  of  a  new  participant  bank’s  commitment  of  $15  million.    The  Credit 
Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company, including its aircraft and engine portfolio.   In March 2012, 
the Credit Facility was extended for one year, to April 29, 2013, on terms similar to the original agreement.   

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

6. 

Notes Payable and Accrued Interest (continued) 

(a) 

Credit Facility (continued) 

During 2011, the Company borrowed $6,500,000 and repaid $4,300,000.  As of September 30, 2011, the Company 
was out of compliance with a financial ratio covenant of the Credit Facility, but was granted a waiver of compliance 
with this covenant by the Credit Facility banks, applicable to the September 30, 2011 calculation.  As of December 
31,  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  was  in  compliance  with  all  covenants  under  the  Credit  Facility  agreement.  
Although  the  Company  believes  it  will  continue  to  be  in  compliance  with  all  of  the  Credit  Facility  covenants  in 
2012,  there  can  be  no  assurance  of  such  compliance.    Any  default  under  the  Credit  Facility,  if  not  waived  by  the 
lenders, could result in foreclosure upon any or all of the existing assets of the Company.  

Although the total maximum credit under the Credit Facility was $24,800,000 and $27,000,000 as of December 31, 
2011  and  December  31,  2010,  respectively,  exclusions  of  certain  assets  from  the  collateral  base  resulted  in 
approximately $17,388,300 and $5,200,000 of available borrowing ability at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 
2010, respectively. 

The weighted average interest rate on the Credit Facility was 4.17% at December 31, 2011 and 4.34% at December 
31, 2010. 

(b) 

Senior unsecured subordinated debt (“Subordinated Notes”) 

In  April  2007,  the  Company  entered  into  a  securities  purchase  agreement  (the  “Subordinated  Notes  Agreement”), 
whereby the Company would issue 16% Subordinated Notes, with an aggregate principal amount of $28 million to 
certain  note  purchasers.  In  July  2008,  the  Company  and  the  holders  of  Subordinated  Notes  agreed  to  amend  the 
Subordinated  Notes  Agreement  to  reduce  the  maximum  amount  of  Subordinated  Notes  to  be  issued  from  $28 
million to $14 million. 

During  2011  and  2010,  the  Company  repaid  $2,343,500  and  $7,118,500,  respectively,  of  principal  under  the 
Subordinated Notes.  The final amortizing payment was made in December 2011. 

The Subordinated Notes purchasers hold warrants to purchase up to 81,224 shares of the Company's common stock 
at an exercise price of $8.75 per share.  The warrants are exercisable for a four-year period after the final maturity of 
the related Subordinated Notes.  Pursuant to an investor’s rights agreement, the warrants are subject to registration 
rights that require the Company to use commercially reasonable efforts to register the shares issued upon exercise of 
the warrants on a registration statement filed with the SEC.   

(c) 

Future maturities of notes payable 

As of December 31, 2011, principal payments due under the Company’s Credit Facility were as follows: 

Year ending December 31, 2013 

$65,200,000 

As discussed above, in March 2012, the maturity date of the Company’s Credit Facility was extended to April 29, 
2013.  

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

7. 

Stockholder Rights Plan 

In December 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan granting a dividend of one 
stock purchase right for each share of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of December 18, 2009 and the 
Company  entered  into  a  rights  agreement  dated  December  1,  2009  in  connection  therewith.  The  rights  become 
exercisable only upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the rights agreement, including the acquisition of 
15% of the Company’s outstanding common stock by a person or group in certain circumstances.  Each right allows 
the holder, other than an “acquiring person,” to purchase one one-hundredth of a share (a unit) of Series A Preferred 
Stock  at  an  initial  purchase  price  of  $97.00  under  circumstances  described  in  the  rights  agreement.  The  purchase 
price, the number of units of preferred stock and the type of securities issuable upon exercise of the rights are subject 
to adjustment. The rights expire at the close of business December 1, 2019 unless earlier redeemed or exchanged. 
Until a right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, has no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including the 
right to vote or to receive dividends. 

8.  

Income Taxes 

The items comprising income tax expense are as follows: 

Current tax provision: 

Federal 
State 
Foreign 
Current tax provision 

Deferred tax provision: 

Federal 
State 
Valuation allowance 
Deferred tax (benefit)/provision 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$              - 
800 
189,100 
189,900 

(837,400) 
6,700 
158,600 
(672,100) 

$           - 
2,000 
95,600 
97,600 

751,500 
27,200 
- 
778,700 

Total income tax (benefit)/provision 

$(482,200) 

$876,300 

Total income tax expense differs from the amount that would be provided by applying the statutory federal income 
tax rate to pretax earnings as illustrated below: 

Income tax provision at statutory federal income tax rate 
State tax (benefit)/provision, net of federal benefit 
Valuation allowance 
Other 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$(657,100) 
(7,700) 
158,600 
24,000 

$858,300 
10,000 
- 
8,000 

Total income tax (benefit)/provision 

$(482,200) 

$876,300 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

8.  

Income Taxes (continued) 

Temporary differences and carry-forwards that give rise to a significant portion of deferred tax assets and liabilities 
as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 

Current year tax losses 
Foreign tax credit carryover 
Maintenance 
Prior year minimum tax credit 
Bad debt allowance and other 
Deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Accumulated depreciation on aircraft and aircraft engines 

       Minimum lease payments receivable 
       Deferred income 
       Subordinated Notes loan fees and discount 

Net deferred tax liabilities before valuation allowance 

Valuation allowance 

Net deferred tax liabilities 

December 31, 

2011 

2010 

$    2,520,200 
1,459,000 
305,700 
100,800 
921,300 
$    5,307,000 

(16,403,900) 
(437,300) 
(401,600) 
- 
(11,935,800) 
(158,600) 
$(12,094,400) 

$    1,354,100 
1,213,100 
68,100 
100,800 
568,400 
$    3,304,500 

(15,931,300) 
- 
(128,800) 
(10,900) 
(12,766,500) 
- 
$(12,766,500) 

The current year tax losses are available to offset federal taxable income in the two preceding years and in future 
years through 2031.  The foreign tax credit carryover is available to offset federal tax expense in the first preceding 
tax year and in future years.  The foreign tax credit carryover expires beginning in 2013 and extends through 2021.  
The minimum tax credit is available to offset federal tax expense in excess of the alternative minimum tax in future 
years and does not expire.  

A  significant  portion  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  recognized  relates  to  net  operating  loss  and  foreign  tax  credit 
carryovers.  A valuation allowance was deemed necessary on certain foreign tax credit carryovers at December 31, 
2011, as the Company has concluded that, based on an assessment of all available evidence, it is more likely than 
not that future taxable income will not be sufficient to realize these tax benefits. Where a valuation allowance was 
not recorded, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that future taxable income (including reversal of 
temporary  differences)  will  be  sufficient  to  realize  the  tax  benefits  for  the  balance  of  deferred  tax  assets  on  the 
balance sheet at December 31, 2011.  

No  valuation  allowance  was  deemed  necessary  for  the  deferred  tax  assets  on  the  balance  sheet  at  December  31, 
2010, as the Company has concluded that, based on an assessment of all available evidence, it was more likely than 
not  that  future  taxable  income  (including  reversal  of  temporary  differences)  would  be  sufficient  to  realize  the  tax 
benefits. 

At December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had no material unrecognized tax positions. 

The  Company  accounts  for  interest  related  to  uncertain  tax  positions  as  interest  expense,  and  for  income  tax 
penalties as tax expense. 

All  of  the  Company's  tax  years  remain  open  to  examination  other  than  as  barred  in  the  various  jurisdictions  by 
statutes of limitation. 

42 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

9. 

Computation of (Loss)/Earnings Per Share 

Basic and diluted (loss)/earnings per share are calculated as follows: 

 For the Years Ended December 31, 

2011 

2010 

Net (loss)/income 

$(1,450,400) 

$1,648,100 

Weighted average shares outstanding for the period 
Dilutive effect of warrants 
Weighted average diluted shares used in calculation 
   of diluted (loss)/earnings per share 

Basic (loss)/earnings per share 
Diluted (loss)/earnings per share 

1,543,257 
- 

1,543,257  
41,207 

1,543,257 

1,584,464 

$         (0.94) 
$         (0.94) 

$      1.07 
$      1.04 

Basic (loss)/earnings per common share is computed using net (loss)/income and the weighted average number of 
common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per common share are computed using net income 
and  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding,  assuming  dilution.    Weighted  average  common 
shares  outstanding,  assuming  dilution,  includes  potentially  dilutive  common  shares  outstanding  during  the  period. 
Potentially dilutive common shares include the assumed exercise of warrants using the treasury stock method.  For 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2011,  the  potential  dilutive  effect  of  outstanding  warrants  was  22,921  shares.  
However,  the  effect  of  these  potentially  outstanding  shares  was  not  included  in  the  calculation  of  diluted  loss  per 
share for the current period because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. 

10. 

Related Party Transactions 

The  Company’s  portfolio  of  leased  aircraft  assets  is  managed  and  administered  under  the  terms  of  a  management 
agreement  with  JetFleet  Management  Corp.  (“JMC”),  which  is  an  integrated  aircraft  management,  marketing  and 
financing  business  and  a  subsidiary  of  JetFleet  Holding  Corp.  ("JHC").    Certain  officers  of  the  Company  are  also 
officers  of  JHC  and  JMC  and  hold  significant  ownership  positions  in  both  JHC  and  the  Company.  Under  the 
Management Agreement, JMC receives a monthly management fee based on the net asset value of the assets under 
management. JMC also receives an acquisition fee for locating assets for the Company, provided that the aggregate 
purchase price, including chargeable acquisition costs and any acquisition fee, does not exceed the fair market value 
of  the  asset  based  on  appraisal,  and  may  receive  a  remarketing  fee  in  connection  with  the  sale  or  re-lease  of  the 
Company’s assets. The Company recorded management fees of $3,715,400 and $3,644,800 during the years ended 
December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company paid acquisition fees totaling $184,000 and $297,400 to 
JMC  during  2011  and  2010,  respectively,  which  were  included  in  the  cost  basis  of  the  asset  purchased.    During 
2011,  the  Company  paid  remarketing  fees  of  $363,500  to  JMC.    The  Company  paid  no  remarketing  fees  to  JMC 
during 2010. 

In August 2009, the Company entered into an agreement with Lee G. Beaumont in which Mr. Beaumont assigned to 
the Company his rights to purchase  certain aircraft engines from an unrelated third party seller.  In January 2012, 
Mr. Beaumont became a “related person” with respect to the Company due to his acquisition on the open market of 
shares  representing  over  5%  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock.    During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2011  and 
2010,  the  Company  paid  Mr.  Beaumont    $66,700  and  $66,700,  respectively,  in  connection  with  the  engine 
purchases.  A balance of $66,700 is payable in 2012. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
AeroCentury Corp. 
Notes to Financial Statements 
December 31, 2011 

10. 

Related Party Transactions (continued) 

As  discussed  in  Note  6,  the  Subordinated  Notes  purchasers  hold  warrants  to  purchase  up  to  81,224  shares  of  the 
Company’s common stock.  The Warrants became exercisable on December 30, 2011, and the shares issuable upon 
exercise of the Warrants constitute over 5% of the Common Stock of the Company.  As a result, the Subordinated 
Notes  purchasers  became  “related  persons”  with  respect  to  the  Company  on  October  31,  2011.     During  the  year 
ended  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  made  interest  payments  totaling  $228,200  to  the  Subordinated  Notes 
purchasers. 

11. 

Subsequent Events 

In January 2012, the Company purchased a Bombardier Dash 8-Q314 aircraft on lease to a new customer in Asia, 
with a lease term expiring in January 2018. 

As  discussed  in  Note  5,  at  December  31,  2011,  the  Company  had  a  receivable  from  one  customer  of  $2,246,800, 
$130,400 of which was paid in early 2012.  In January 2012, the Company and the customer signed a memorandum 
of understanding regarding the balance owed to the Company.  The memorandum of understanding specifies that the 
customer  will  pay  $1,270,000  of  the  arrearages  over  three  years,  with  the  balance  forgiven  upon  receipt  of  all 
payments due under the agreement.  Since collectability of this receivable is not reasonably assured, the Company 
will record these payments on a cash basis when received. 

In February 2012, the Company and a current customer signed a letter of intent for the three-year lease of one of the 
Company’s off-lease Fokker 100 aircraft.  Delivery is expected to occur in the second quarter of 2012. 

In March 2012, the Company’s Credit Facility was extended for one year, until April 29, 2013, on terms similar to 
the original agreement. 

In March 2012, the Company re-leased its off-lease General Electric CF34-8E5 engine to a customer in the United 
States for a term of three months. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9.   

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item 9A. 

Controls and Procedures. 

CEO  and  CFO  Certifications.  Attached  as  exhibits  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (the  “Report”)  are 
certifications  of  the  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  (the  “CEO”)  and  the  Company’s  Chief  Financial  Officer 
(the  “CFO”),  which  are  required  pursuant  to  Section  302  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  (the  “Section  302 
Certifications”). This section of the Report includes information concerning the evaluation of disclosure controls and 
procedures referred to in the Section 302 Certifications and this should be read in conjunction with the Section 302 
Certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented. 

Evaluation  of  the  Company’s  Disclosure  Controls  and  Procedures.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures 
(“Disclosure Controls”) are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be 
disclosed in the Company’s reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), such as 
this Report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms 
of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and that such information is accumulated and communicated 
to  the  Company’s  management,  including  the  CEO  and  CFO,  as  appropriate,  to  allow  timely  decisions  regarding 
required disclosure.  

The Company’s management, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of the design 
and operation of the Company’s Disclosure Controls and concluded that the Company’s Disclosure Controls were 
effective as of December 31, 2011.  

Management’s Annual Report on the Company’s Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Internal control 
over  financial  reporting  (“Internal  Control”)  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles and includes policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of 
records  that  in  reasonable  detail  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the 
Company;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of 
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures 
are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.  The Company’s management is responsible for 
establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  Internal  Control.  Management  evaluated  the  Company’s  Internal  Control 
based on the framework set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 
Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  and  concluded  that  the  Company’s  Internal  Control  was  effective  as  of 
December  31,  2011.    This  report  does  not  include  an  attestation  report  on  Internal  Control  by  the  Company’s 
registered public accounting firm since the Company is a smaller reporting company under the rules of the SEC. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  No change in Internal Control occurred during the fiscal 
quarter  ended  December  31,  2011  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the 
Company’s Internal Control.  

Item 9B. 

Other Information. 

None. 

45 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

PART III 

The  information  required  by  this  item  is  included  under  (i) “Proposal 1:  Election  of  Directors”  as  it  relates  to 
members  of  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors,  including  the  Company’s  Audit  Committee  and  the  Company’s 
Audit Committee financial experts, any changes to procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees 
to  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors,  (ii) “Information  Regarding  the  Company’s  Directors  and  Officers”  as  it 
relates to the Company’s executive officers, and (iii) “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” 
as it relates to information concerning Section 16(a) beneficial ownership reporting compliance, in the Company’s 
definitive proxy statement (“Proxy Statement”), to be filed in connection with the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting 
of Stockholders, and is incorporated herein by reference. 

The Company has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics, or code of conduct.  The code of conduct qualifies 
as  a  “code  of  ethics”  within  the  meaning  of  Section  406  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  and  the  rules 
promulgated  thereunder.  A  copy  of  the  code  of  conduct  is  available  on  the  Company’s  website  at 
www.aerocentury.com  or  upon  written  request  to  the  Investor  Relations  Department,  1440  Chapin  Avenue,  Suite 
310,  Burlingame,  California  94010.    To  the  extent  required  by  law,  any  amendments  to,  or  waivers  from,  any 
provision  of  the  code  will  be  promptly  disclosed  publicly.  To  the  extent  permitted  by  such  requirements,  the 
Company intends to make such public disclosure on its website in accordance with SEC rules. 

Item 11.   

Executive Compensation. 

Incorporated  by  reference  to  the  section  of  the  Proxy  Statement  entitled  “Information  Regarding  the  Company’s 
Directors and Officers — Employee Compensation.” 

Item 12.  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and  
Related Stockholder Matters. 

Incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial 
Owners and Management.” 

Item 13.  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 

Incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Related Party Transactions.” 

Item 14.  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 

Incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Information Regarding Auditors  – Audit 
Fees.”  

Item 15.  

Exhibits. 

(b) 

Exhibits 

PART IV 

3.1 

3.2 

Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.08 to the registration 
statement on Form S-4/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 24, 1997 SEC File 
No. 333-24743, Film No. 97644740. 

Form  of  Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Company,  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  3.07  to  the  registration  statement  on  Form  S-4/A  filed  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission on June 10, 1997 SEC File No. 333-24743, Film No. 97622056.  

46 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3.6 

4.1 

4.2 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4  

10.5  

10.6  

10.7  

Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  the  Company  dated  January  22,  1999,  incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit  3.1  to  the  Report  on  Form  10-KSB  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31,  1998  filed  with  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 22, 1999, SEC File No. 001-13387 Film No. 98581428 

Certificate  of  Amendment  to  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation,  dated  May  6,  2008, 
incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  99.1  to  the  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission on May 7, 2008 

Amendment to Bylaws, dated January 30, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Report on 
Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 3, 2009 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of the Company dated December 1, 2009, incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on 
December 7, 2009 

Reference is made to Exhibit 3.6 

Rights Agreement by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company dated 
December  1,  2009,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  to  the  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  with  the 
Securities Exchange Commission on December 7, 2009 

Form  of  Indemnification  Agreement  between  the  Company  and  each  of  its  directors  and  officers, 
incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.03  to  the  Report  on  Form  10-KSB  for  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December 31, 1997 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 1998, SEC File No. 
001-13387 Film No. 98581428 

Amended and Restated Management Agreement, dated April 23, 1998, between the Company and JetFleet 
Management Corp., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal 
year  ended  December  31,  1999  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  March  10,  2000 
SEC File No. 001-13387 Film No. 566570 

Aircraft Sale and Purchase Agreement with Denim Air Lease & Finance B.V. incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 
28, 2005, SEC File No. 001-13387 Film No.  051288291 

Aircraft Sale and Purchase Agreement with VLM Airlines, N.V. incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 
to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 28, 2005, 
SEC File No. 001-13387 Film No.  051288291  

and  Satellite  Fund  V,  LLC 

Securities Purchase Agreement between Satellite Fund II, LP, Satellite Fund IV, LP, The Apogee Group 
LLC, 
the 
(collectively 
Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2007 

"Subordinated  Lenders") 

and 

the 

Form  of  Warrant  issued  to  the  Subordinated  Lenders incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2007 

Investors  Rights  Agreement  between  the  Company  and  the  Subordinated  Lenders incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on April 18, 2007 

10.8    

Second  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement  between  the  Company,  National  City  Bank,  as  agent, 
and National City Bank, California Bank & Trust, Bridge Bank, National Association, and First Bank dba 
First  Bank  &  Trust,  as  lenders,  dated  April  17,  2007,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.4  to  the 
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2007 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.9 

10.10 

10.11 

10.12 

10.13 

to  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  between 

Amendment 
the 
Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on June 19, 2008 

the  Subordinated  Lenders  and 

Second  Amendment  to  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  between  the  Subordinated  Lenders  and  the 
Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on July 23, 2008 

Form of Amended and Restated Warrant issued to the Subordinated Lenders incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.4 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 23, 
2008 

Amendment  to  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  between  the  Company,  PNC  Bank,  N.A.  as 
agent,  and  the  participating  lenders  thereunder,  dated  March  31,  2010,  incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 99 to the Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 
2010. 

Loan and Security Agreement, between the Company, Union Bank, N.A. as agent, and the participating 
lenders  thereunder,  dated  April  28,  2010,  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.13  to  the  Report  on 
Form 10-Q/A for the period ending June 30, 2010, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
February 14, 2011 

 10.14 

Subordination  and  Intercreditor  Agreement,  between  the  Company,  Union  Bank,  N.A.  as  agent,  and  the 
Subordinated Creditors thereunder, dated April 28, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the 
Report  on  Form  10-Q/A  for  the  period  ending  June  30,  2010,  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission on February 14, 2011 

 10.15  Management  Fee  Subordination  Agreement,  between  the  Company,  JetFleet  Management  Corp.  and 
Union Bank, N.A. as agent, dated April 28, 2010, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Report 
on Form 10-Q/A for the period ending June 30, 2010, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on February 14, 2011 

10. 16    Form  of  Revolving  Note  dated  June  4,  2010,  delivered  to  Umpqua  Bank,  issued  under  the  Loan  and 
Security Agreement between the Company and Union Bank, as Agent, dated April 28, 2010, incorporated 
by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.15  to  the  Report  on  Form  10-Q/A  for  the  period  ending  June  30,  2010,  filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2011  

10.17 

Loan  Modification  Agreement,  between  the  Company,  Union  Bank,  N.A.,  California  Bank  &  Trust, 
Umpqua  Bank  and  U.S.  Bank  National  Association,  dated  May  13,  2011,  incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.17 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, filed with Securities and 
Exchange Commission on August 21, 2011 

10.18    Second  Loan  Modification  Agreement,  between  the  Company,  Union  Bank,  N.A.,  California  Bank  & 

Trust, Umpqua Bank and U.S. Bank National Association, dated March 8, 2012 

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

Certification  of  Neal  D.  Crispin,  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  AeroCentury  Corp.,  dated  March  9,  2012, 
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Certification  of  Toni  M.  Perazzo,  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  AeroCentury  Corp.,  dated  March  9,  2012, 
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Certification  of  Neal  D.  Crispin,  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  AeroCentury  Corp.,  dated  March  9,  2012, 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.2 

Certification  of  Toni  M.  Perazzo,  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  AeroCentury  Corp.,  dated  March  9,  2012, 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

101.INS  XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH  XBRL Schema Document 

101.CAL XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.LAB XBRL Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE  XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF  XBRL Definition Linkbase Document 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

AEROCENTURY CORP. 

By 

/s/ Toni M. Perazzo 
------------------------------- 
Toni M. Perazzo 
Senior Vice President-Finance and 
Chief Financial Officer 

Date  March 9, 2012 

POWER OF ATTORNEY 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and 
appoints Neal D. Crispin and Toni M. Perazzo, and each of them, his or her attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of 
substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Report on Form 10-K and to file 
the  same,  with  exhibits  thereto  and  other  documents  in  connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission,  hereby  ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  each  of  said  attorneys-in-fact,  or  his  or  her  substitute  or 
substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.   

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the 
Registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 9, 2012. 

Signature 

Title 

Dated 

/s/ Neal D. Crispin 
---------------------- 
Neal D. Crispin 

/s/ Toni M. Perazzo 
---------------------- 
Toni M. Perazzo 

/s/ Roy E. Hahn 
---------------------- 
Roy E. Hahn 

/s/ Thomas W. Orr 
---------------------- 
Thomas W. Orr 

/s/ Evan M. Wallach 
---------------------- 
Evan M. Wallach 

 Director, President and Chairman of the Board of 
 Directors of the Registrant (Principal Executive Officer) 

 March 9, 2012 

 Director, Senior Vice President-Finance and Secretary of the 
 Registrant (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 

 March 9, 2012 

Director 

Director 

Director 

 March 9, 2012 

 March 9, 2012 

 March 9, 2012 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION

Officers and Directors

Neal D. Crispin
President and Chairman of the Board

Transfer Agent and Registrar
Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company
17 Battery Place, 8th Floor
New York, NY  10004

Toni M. Perazzo
Director, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, and
Senior Vice President - Finance

Legal Counsel
Morrison & Foerster LLP
755 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, CA 94304

Christopher B. Tigno
General Counsel

Roy E. Hahn
Director and
Managing Director of Marbridge Group, LLC

Thomas W. Orr
Director, Audit Committee Chair and
Accounting Consultant

Registered Independent Public Accountants
BDO USA, LLP
One Market - Spear Tower, Suite 1100
San Francisco, CA 94105

Corporate Headquarters
AeroCentury Corp.
1440 Chapin Ave., Suite 310
Burlingame, CA  94010

Evan M. Wallach
Director and
Managing Director, Aviation/Transportation Markets 
of Jefferies & Co.

Annual Meeting
The Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held at: 
The Hiller Aviation Museum
601 Skyway Road
San Carlos, CA, on May 3, 2012 at 12:00 P.M.

Form 10-K
The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
for 2011 may be obtained by writing:
AeroCentury Corp.
1440 Chapin Ave., Suite 310
Burlingame, CA  94010

Stock Price and Shareholder Data
The Company’s common stock is traded on
the NYSE Amex exchange under
the symbol ACY.

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Worldwide • Regional Aircraft • Leasing

AeroCentury Corp.

1440 Chapin Ave., Suite 310
Burlingame, CA 94010
650-340-1888
Fax: 650-696-3929
www.aerocentury.com

2011 Annual Report