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AMERISAFE, Inc.

amsf · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Sector Financial Services
Industry Insurance - Specialty
Employees 362
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FY2020 Annual Report · AMERISAFE, Inc.
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2020 
ANNUAL REPORT

Executive Officers

Directors

G. JANELLE FROST

President, Chief Executive 

Officer and Director

NEAL A. FULLER

Executive Vice President and 

VINCENT J. GAGLIANO

Executive Vice President and 

ANDREW B. McCRAY

Executive Vice President and 

KATHRYN H. SHIRLEY

Executive Vice President, Chief 

Chief Financial Officer

Chief Risk Officer

Chief Underwriting Officer

Administrative Officer and Secretary

Jared A. Morris 

(1)(2)(3)(4) 

Michael J. Brown 

(1)(2)(4) 

Teri G. Fontenot 

(1)(3)(4) 

G. Janelle Frost 

(4) 

Philip A. Garcia 

(1)(2)(4) 

Millard E. Morris 

(4) 

Randall E. Roach 

(2)(3)(4) 

Sean M. Traynor 

(2)(3)(4) 

Securities Traded 

NASDAQ Global Select Market 

Symbol: AMSF

Corporate Headquarters 

2301 Highway 190 West 

DeRidder, LA 70634 

(337) 463-9052 

www.amerisafe.com

Independent Accountants 

Ernst & Young LLP

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Audit Committee member

Compensation Committee member

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee member

Risk Committee member

Annual Meeting 

The Annual Meeting will be held on 

June 11, 2021 at 9:00 a.m. 

at AMERISAFE’s corporate headquarters. A 

proxy statement will be sent to shareholders on 

or about May 4, 2021.

Registrar and Transfer Agent 

Computershare

P.O. Box 505000 

Louisville, KY 40233-5000 

(800) 962-4284

26

FROM OUR
President and Chief Executive Officer

Dear Shareholders,

What a difference a year makes. This time last year we were in  
the early stages of a global pandemic. We were learning and adjusting 
to health and safety protocols and transforming to virtual environments.
While the pandemic is not over, we are currently optimistic that 
Vvaccinations will aid in returning to more normalized interactions and 
that the economy will recover to its pre-pandemic strength.

The enclosed financial and operational information provides insight
AMERISAFE's 

on
return  on average equity of 19.9%, a net combined ratio of 76.3% and 
an 1.8% growth in book value after paying dividends of $4.58/share.

 performance in 2020. We are pleased to report a

More importantly, our team served our customers by rising above the personal challenges 

of a global pandemic and surviving and rebuilding after our home office community was in 
the path of two major hurricanes within a 45-day period. Our employees’ resilience is to be 
applauded.

Combine the physical and mental obstacles of the pandemic, natural disasters, a 

competitive workers’ compensation market, and declining pricing, 2020 was a unique year, to 
say the least. Yet, our performance remained strong and provided value to our shareholders.

One highlight of the past year for the country was the value of relationships. Isolation 

resulting from public health concerns brought to the forefront the need for interaction with loved 
ones, peers, and customers. For AMERISAFE, the importance of interaction is core to our 
operations. 

AMERISAFE’s operating model was founded on establishing relationships with our agents, 
their clients, and injured workers. Our methods of underwriting, delivering safety services, and 
extensively managing claims hinge on customer interactions. Our strong performance was 
achieved as a team serving one another, our communities, and our customers through building 
and sustaining relationships.

There is a saying about never waste a crisis. Rest assured the lessons learned in 2020 will 

make us an even stronger company and corporate citizen in the years to come.

Stay well and thank you for your investment in AMERISAFE.

Most sincerely, 

G. Janelle Frost
President and Chief Executive Officer

V
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, DC 20549 

FORM 10-K 

☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020 
or 

☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                 TO 

Commission File Number: 001-12251 

AMERISAFE, INC. 

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) 

Texas 
(State of Incorporation) 

2301 Highway 190 West, 
DeRidder, Louisiana 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

75-2069407 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification Number) 

70634 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (337) 463-9052 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common 

Trading Symbol(s)
AMSF

Name of each exchange on which registered
NASDAQ 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒ 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 
days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T 
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging 
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the 
Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer 

☒ 
☐ 

Accelerated filer 
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☐
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised 
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over 
financial reporting under section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit  
report.   Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒ 
The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2020 the last business day of the Registrant’s most 
recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $1,170.9 million, based upon the closing price of the shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on that 
date. 
As of February 16, 2021, there were 19,331,059 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 
Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Items 10, 11, 12, 
13 and 14 of Part III of this report. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I 

  Forward-Looking Statements ......................................................................................................................................  

Item 1 

   Business .......................................................................................................................................................................   

Item 1A 

  Risk Factors .................................................................................................................................................................  

Item 1B 

  Unresolved Staff Comments ........................................................................................................................................  

Item 2 

  Properties .....................................................................................................................................................................  

Item 3 

  Legal Proceedings........................................................................................................................................................  

Item 4 

  Mine Safety Disclosures ..............................................................................................................................................  

PART II 

Item 5 

  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities ......  

Item 6 

  Selected Financial Data ...............................................................................................................................................  

Item 7 

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ......................................  

Item 7A 

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk .....................................................................................  

Item 8 

  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ............................................................................................................  

Item 9 

  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure ......................................  

Item 9A 

  Controls and Procedures ..............................................................................................................................................  

Page 
No. 

1

2

25

33

33

34

34

35

36

38

52

54

99

99

Item 9B 

  Other Information ........................................................................................................................................................  

100

PART III   

Item 10 

  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ...........................................................................................  

Item 11 

  Executive Compensation .............................................................................................................................................  

Item 12 

  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ....................  

Item 13 

  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence .............................................................  

Item 14 

  Principal Accountant Fees and Services ......................................................................................................................  

101

101

101

101

101

PART IV   

Item 15 

  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules ...............................................................................................................  

102

Item 16 

  Form 10-K Summary ...................................................................................................................................................  

104

 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. These forward-looking statements include 
statements that reflect the current views of our senior management with respect to our financial performance and future events with 
respect to our business and the insurance industry in general. Statements that include the words “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” 
“project,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “may,” “should,” “anticipate” and similar statements of a future or forward-looking nature identify 
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements address matters that involve risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or 
will be important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe 
that these factors include, but are not limited to, the following:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the cyclical nature of the workers’ compensation insurance industry; 

the impact of COVID-19 on the business operations of our insurance subsidiaries and policyholders, the value of our 
investments, and our revenues, results of operations and cash flows; 

increased competition on the basis of types of insurance offered, premium rates, coverage availability, payment terms, 
claims management, safety services, policy terms, overall financial strength, financial ratings and reputation; 

changes in relationships with independent agencies (including retail and wholesale brokers and agents); 

general economic conditions, including recession, inflation, performance of financial markets, interest rates, 
unemployment rates and fluctuating asset values; 

developments in capital markets that adversely affect the performance of our investments; 

technology breaches or failures, including those resulting from a malicious cyber attack on the Company or its 
policyholders and medical providers; 

decreased level of business activity of our policyholders caused by decreased business activity generally, and in particular 
in the industries we target; 

greater frequency or severity of claims and loss activity than our underwriting, reserving or investment practices anticipate 
based on historical experience or industry data; 

adverse developments in economic, competitive, judicial or regulatory conditions within the workers’ compensation 
insurance industry; 

loss of the services of any of our senior management or other key employees; 

changes in regulations, laws, rates, rating factors, or taxes applicable to the Company, its policyholders or the agencies 
that sell its insurance; 

changes in current accounting standards or new accounting standards; 

changes in legal theories of liability under our insurance policies; 

changes in rating agency policies, practices or ratings; 

changes in the availability, cost or quality of reinsurance and the failure of our reinsurers to pay claims in a timely manner 
or at all; 

the effects of U.S. involvement in hostilities with other countries and large-scale acts of terrorism, or the threat of 
hostilities or terrorist acts; and 

other risks and uncertainties described from time to time in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (“SEC”). 

The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read together with the other cautionary statements in 
this report, including under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this report. If one or more events related to these or other risks or 
uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from what we 
anticipate. 

1 

 
 
 
Item 1. 

Business. 

Overview 

PART I 

We are a specialty provider of workers’ compensation insurance focused on small to mid-sized employers engaged in hazardous 

industries, principally construction, trucking, logging and lumber, manufacturing, agriculture, maritime, and oil and gas. Since 
commencing operations in 1986, we have gained significant experience underwriting the complex workers’ compensation exposures 
inherent in these industries. We provide coverage to employers under state and federal workers’ compensation laws. These laws 
prescribe wage replacement and medical care benefits that employers are obligated to provide to their employees who are injured in 
the course and scope of their employment. Our workers’ compensation insurance policies provide benefits to injured employees for, 
among other things, temporary or permanent disability, death and medical and hospital expenses. The benefits payable and the 
duration of those benefits are set by state or federal law. The benefits vary by jurisdiction, the nature and severity of the injury and the 
wages of the employee. The employer, who is the policyholder, pays the premiums for coverage. 

Hazardous industry employers tend to have less frequent but more severe claims as compared to employers in other industries 

due to the nature of their businesses. Injuries that occur are often severe in nature including death, dismemberment, paraplegia and 
quadriplegia. As a result, employers engaged in hazardous industries pay substantially higher than average rates for workers’ 
compensation insurance compared to employers in other industries, as measured per payroll dollar. The higher premium rates are due 
to the nature of the work performed and the inherent workplace danger of our target policyholders. For example, our construction 
employers on average paid premium rates equal to $4.95 per $100 of payroll to obtain workers’ compensation coverage for all of their 
employees in 2020. 

We employ a proactive, disciplined approach to underwriting employers and providing comprehensive services intended to 
lessen the overall incidence and cost of workplace injuries. We provide safety services at employers’ workplaces as a vital component 
of our underwriting process and to promote safer workplaces. We utilize intensive claims management practices that we believe 
permit us to reduce the overall cost of our claims. In addition, our premium audit services ensure that our policyholders pay the 
appropriate premiums required under the terms of their policies and enable us to monitor payroll patterns that cause underwriting, 
safety or fraud concerns. 

We believe that the higher premiums typically paid by our policyholders, together with our disciplined underwriting and safety, 

claims and audit services, provide us with the opportunity to earn attractive returns on equity. 

AMERISAFE, Inc. is an insurance holding company, incorporated in Texas in 1985. We began operations in 1986 by focusing 

on workers’ compensation insurance for logging contractors in the southeast United States. Beginning in 1994, we expanded our focus 
to include the other hazardous industries we serve today. Two of our three insurance subsidiaries, American Interstate Insurance 
Company (“AIIC”) and Silver Oak Casualty, Inc. (“SOCI”), are domiciled in Nebraska. Our other insurance subsidiary, American 
Interstate Insurance Company of Texas (“AIICTX”), is domiciled in Texas.  All three insurance subsidiaries carry an A.M. Best rating 
of “A” (Excellent). 

Competitive Advantages  

We believe we have the following competitive advantages: 

Focus on Hazardous Industries. We have extensive experience insuring employers engaged in hazardous industries and have a 
history of profitably underwriting these industries. Our specialized knowledge of these hazardous industries helps us better serve our 
policyholders, which leads to greater employer loyalty and policy retention. Our policy renewal rate on voluntary business that we 
elected to quote for renewal was 94.4% in 2020. 

Focus on Small to Mid-Sized Employers. We believe large insurance companies generally do not target small to mid-sized 

employers in hazardous industries due to their smaller premium sizes, types of operations, mobile workforces and extensive service 
needs. We provide these employers enhanced services, including premium payment plans to better match premium payments with our 
policyholders’ payroll costs and cash flow. 

Knowledgeable, Dedicated Employees.  We deliver an exceptional product with integrity through professional, knowledgeable 

and dedicated employees.  Service is a distinguishing factor for the Company and the level of that service is dependent on the 
expertise and caring culture of our employees.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Specialized Underwriting Expertise. Based on our 35-year history of insuring employers engaged in hazardous industries, we 

have developed industry specific risk analysis and rating tools that support our underwriters in risk selection and pricing. We are 
highly disciplined when quoting and binding new and renewal business. We do not delegate underwriting authority to agencies, 
marketers or to any other third parties that sell our insurance. 

Comprehensive Safety Services. We provide proactive safety reviews of employers’ worksites, which are often located in rural 

areas. These safety reviews are a vital component of our underwriting process and also assist our policyholders in loss prevention, and 
encourage safer workplaces by deploying experienced field safety professionals, or FSPs, to our policyholders’ worksites. In 2020, 
92.5% of our new voluntary business policyholders were subject to pre-quotation safety inspections. Additionally, we perform 
periodic on-site safety surveys for our voluntary business policyholders. 

Proactive Claims Management. Our employees manage substantially all of our open claims in-house, utilizing intensive claims 

management practices that emphasize a personalized approach, as well as quality, cost-effective medical treatment. As of 
December 31, 2020, open indemnity claims per field case manager, or FCM, averaged 47 claims, which we believe is significantly 
less than the industry average. We also believe our claims management practices allow us to achieve a more favorable claim outcome, 
accelerate an employee’s return to work, lessen the likelihood of litigation and more rapidly close claims, all of which ultimately lead 
to lower overall claim costs. 

Efficient Operating Platform. Through extensive cost management initiatives, we maintain one of the most efficient operations 
in the workers’ compensation industry. In 2020, our expense ratio was 23.6%. We believe that our expense ratio is substantially lower 
than that of our competitors, which gives us a greater opportunity to generate an underwriting profit. 

Strategy 

We intend to produce favorable returns on equity and increase our book value per share adjusted for dividends paid to 

shareholders using the following strategies: 

Focus on Underwriting Profitability. We intend to maintain our underwriting discipline throughout market cycles with the 

objective of remaining profitable. Our strategy is to focus on underwriting workers’ compensation insurance in hazardous industries 
and to maintain adequate rate levels commensurate with the risks we underwrite. We will also continue to strive for improved risk 
selection and pricing, as well as reduced frequency and severity of claims through comprehensive workplace safety reviews, effective 
medical cost containment measures and rapid closing of claims through personal, direct contact with our policyholders and their 
employees. 

Increase Market Penetration. Based on data received from the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the NAIC, we 

do not have more than 4.5% of the market share in any state we serve. As a result, we believe we have the opportunity to increase 
market penetration in each of the states in which we currently operate. Competition in our target markets is fragmented by state, 
employer size and industry. We believe that our specialized underwriting expertise, use of data, and safety, claims and audit services 
position us to profitably increase our market share in our existing principal markets, with minimal increase in field service employees. 

Prudent and Opportunistic Geographic Expansion. While we actively market our insurance in 27 states, 49.7% of our voluntary 

in-force premiums were generated in the six states where we derived 5.0% or more of our gross premiums written in 2020. We are 
licensed in an additional 20 states, the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Our existing licenses and rate filings will 
expedite our ability to write policies in these markets when we decide it is prudent to do so. 

Capitalize on Development of Information Technology Systems. We believe our underwriting and agency management system, 

GEAUX, along with our customized operational system, ICAMS, and the analytical data warehouse that ICAMS feeds, significantly 
enhance our ability to select risk, write profitable business and cost-effectively administer our billing, claims and audit functions. 

Maintain Capital Strength. We plan to manage our capital to achieve our profitability goals while striving for optimal operating 

leverage for our insurance company subsidiaries. To accomplish this objective, we intend to maintain underwriting profitability 
throughout market cycles, optimize our use of reinsurance, deploy appropriate capital management tools, including paying dividends 
to shareholders, and produce an appropriate risk adjusted return on our investment portfolio. 

Industry 

Overview. Workers’ compensation is a statutory system under which an employer is required to pay for its employees’ medical, 

disability, vocational rehabilitation and death benefit costs for work-related injuries or illnesses. Most employers satisfy this 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
requirement by purchasing workers’ compensation insurance. The principal concept underlying workers’ compensation laws is that 
employees injured in the course and scope of their employment have only the legal remedies available under workers’ compensation 
laws and do not have any other recourse against their employer. An employer’s obligation to pay workers’ compensation does not 
depend on any negligence or wrongdoing on the part of the employer and exists even for injuries that result from the negligence or 
fault of another person, a co-employee, or, in most instances, the injured employee. 

Workers’ compensation insurance policies generally provide that the insurance carrier will pay all benefits that the insured 

employer may become obligated to pay under applicable workers’ compensation laws. Each state has a regulatory and adjudicatory 
system that quantifies the level of wage replacement to be paid, determines the level of medical care required to be provided and the 
cost of temporary or permanent impairment and specifies the options in selecting medical providers available to the injured employee 
or the employer. These state laws generally require two types of benefits for injured employees: (1) medical benefits, which include 
expenses related to the diagnosis and treatment of the injury, as well as any required rehabilitation, and (2) indemnity payments, which 
consist of temporary wage replacement, permanent disability payments and death benefits to surviving family members. To fulfill 
these mandated financial obligations, virtually all employers are required to purchase workers’ compensation insurance or, if 
permitted by state law or approved by the U.S. Department of Labor, to self-insure. The employers may purchase workers’ 
compensation insurance from a private insurance carrier, a state-sanctioned assigned risk pool, or a self-insurance fund, which is an 
entity that allows employers to obtain workers’ compensation coverage on a pooled basis, typically subjecting each employer to joint 
and several liability for the entire fund. 

Workers’ compensation was the fourth-largest property and casualty insurance line in the United States in 2019, according to 
the National Council on Compensation Insurance, Inc., the NCCI. Direct premiums written in 2019 for the workers’ compensation 
insurance industry were $56 billion, and direct premiums written for the property and casualty industry as a whole were $712 billion. 
According to the most recent market data reported by the NCCI, which is the official rating bureau in the majority of states in which 
we are licensed, total premiums reported for the specific occupational class codes for which we underwrite business were $19.2 
billion. 

Policyholders 

As of December 31, 2020, we had more than 8,000 voluntary business policyholders with an average annual workers’ 

compensation policy written premium of $33,000.  As of December 31, 2020, our ten largest voluntary business policyholders 
accounted for 2.0% of our in-force premiums. Our policy renewal rate on voluntary business that we elected to quote for renewal was 
94.4% in 2020, 93.1% in 2019, and 93.6% in 2018. 

In addition to our voluntary workers’ compensation business, we underwrite workers’ compensation policies for employers 

assigned to us and assume reinsurance premiums from mandatory pooling arrangements, in each case to fulfill our obligations under 
residual market programs implemented by the states in which we operate. Our assigned risk business fulfills our statutory obligation to 
participate in residual market plans in four states. See “—Regulation—Residual Market Programs” below. For the year ended 
December 31, 2020, our assigned risk business accounted for 0.7% of our gross premiums written, and our assumed premiums from 
mandatory pooling arrangements accounted for 2.6% of our gross premiums written. 

Targeted Industries 

We provide workers’ compensation insurance primarily to employers in the following targeted hazardous industries: 

Construction.  Includes a broad range of operations such as highway and bridge construction, building and maintenance of 
pipeline and powerline networks, excavation, commercial construction, roofing, iron and steel erection, tower erection and numerous 
other specialized construction operations. In 2020, our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within the 
construction industry was $34,278, or $4.95 per $100 of payroll. 

Trucking.  Includes a broad spectrum of diverse operations including contract haulers, regional and local freight carriers, special 

equipment transporters and other trucking companies that conduct a variety of short- and long-haul operations. In 2020, our average 
policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within the trucking industry was $34,659, or $6.60 per $100 of payroll. 

Logging and Lumber.  Includes tree harvesting, tree trimming, sawmills, and other operations associated with lumber and wood 
products. In 2020, our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within logging and lumber was $20,260, or $9.18 
per $100 of payroll. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manufacturing.  Includes a diverse group of businesses such as the production of goods for use or sale using labor and 
machines, tools, chemical and biological processing or formulation. In 2020, our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ 
compensation within the manufacturing industry was $29,792, or $3.31 per $100 of payroll. 

Agriculture.  Includes crop maintenance and harvesting, grain and produce operations, nursery operations, meat processing, and 

livestock feed and transportation. In 2020, our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within the agriculture 
industry was $29,088, or $4.74 per $100 of payroll. 

Maritime.  Includes ship building and repair, pier and marine construction, inter-coastal construction, and stevedoring. In 2020, 

our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within the maritime industry was $36,454, or $4.85 per $100 of 
payroll. 

Oil and Gas. Includes various oil and gas activities including gathering, transportation, processing, production, and field service 
operations. In 2020, our average policy premium for voluntary workers’ compensation within the oil and gas industry was $33,433, or 
$2.70 per $100 of payroll. 

Other.  Includes a wide variety of high-hazard businesses such as cell phone tower service and repair, window washers, metal 

and scrap iron dealers, and other businesses. 

Our gross premiums are derived from: 

 

 

 

Voluntary Business. Includes direct premiums from workers’ compensation insurance policies that we issue to employers 
who seek to purchase insurance directly from us and who we voluntarily agree to insure. 

Assigned Risk Business. Includes direct premiums from workers’ compensation insurance policies that we issue to 
employers assigned to us under residual market programs implemented by some of the states in which we operate. 

Assumed Premiums. Includes premiums from our participation in mandatory pooling arrangements under residual market 
programs implemented by some of the states in which we operate. 

Gross premiums written during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, and the allocation of those premiums 

among the hazardous industries we target are presented in the table below.   

Percentage of 
Gross Premiums Written
2019 

2020 

2018 

45.3 %     
16.5 %     
9.3 %     
5.4 %     
5.1 %     
2.4 %     
1.5 %     
11.2 %     
96.7 %     
0.7 %     
2.6 %     
100.0 %     

44.2%   
17.7%   
7.8%   
5.2%   
4.7%   
2.4%   
2.0%   
12.8%   
96.8%   
0.9%   
2.3%   
100.0%   

44.6%
17.1%
8.8%
5.2%
4.5%
2.3%
1.8%
12.5%
96.8%
1.0%
2.2%
100.0%

2020 

Gross Premiums Written 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

Voluntary business: 
Construction 
Trucking 
Logging and Lumber 
Manufacturing 
Agriculture 
Maritime 
Oil and Gas 
Other 

Total voluntary business 

Assigned risk business 
Assumed premiums 
Total 

58,845     
26,083     
17,432     
15,668     
7,906     
6,516     
42,722     

50,148     
28,253     
16,413     
15,399     
7,252     
4,460     
34,066     

  $ 137,317    $ 147,453    $ 156,964     
60,192     
30,991     
18,239     
15,948     
7,908     
6,220     
43,829     
    293,308      322,625      340,291     
3,546     
7,859     
  $ 303,090    $ 333,460    $ 351,696     

3,081     
7,754     

2,054     
7,728     

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Geographic Distribution 

We are licensed to provide workers’ compensation insurance in 47 states, the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 

We operate on a geographically diverse basis with 12.6% or less of our gross premiums written in 2020 derived from any one state. 
The table below identifies, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the states in which the percentage of our gross 
premiums written exceeded 3.0% for any of the three years presented. 

State 
Georgia 
Florida 
Pennsylvania 
Louisiana 
North Carolina 
Illinois 
Virginia 
Wisconsin 
Minnesota 
South Carolina 
Alaska 
Total 

Percentage of Gross Premiums Written 
Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

2020 

12.6%   
11.0%   
8.0%   
7.3%   
5.8%   
4.9%   
4.5%   
4.2%   
3.7%   
3.6%   
3.1%   
68.7%   

11.5 %     
12.2 %     
8.0 %     
7.4 %     
5.7 %     
4.9 %     
4.7 %     
4.0 %     
4.2 %     
3.7 %     
3.1 %     
69.4 %     

11.2%
11.4%
8.9%
7.4%
5.5%
5.4%
4.3%
4.2%
3.9%
4.0%
2.9%
69.1%

Sales and Marketing 

We sell our workers’ compensation insurance through independent agencies (including retail and wholesale brokers and agents). 

As of December 31, 2020, our insurance was sold through more than 2,400  independent agencies and our wholly-owned insurance 
agency subsidiary, Amerisafe General Agency, which is licensed in 29 states. We are selective in establishing and maintaining 
relationships with independent agencies.  We seek to do business with those agencies that provide quality application flow from 
companies operating in our target industries and classes that are reasonably likely to accept our quotes. We compensate these agencies 
by paying a commission based on the premium collected from the policyholder. Our average commission rate for our independent 
agencies was 7.8% for the year ended December 31, 2020. We pay our insurance agency subsidiary an average commission rate of 
8.1%. Neither our independent agencies nor our insurance agency subsidiary has authority to underwrite or bind coverage. We do not 
pay contingent commissions. 

As of December 31, 2020, independent agencies accounted for 96.5% of our voluntary in-force premiums. No single 

independent agency accounted for more than 1.2% of our voluntary in-force premiums at that date. 

Underwriting 

Our underwriting strategy is to focus on employers in certain hazardous industries that operate in those states where our 

underwriting efforts are the most profitable and efficient. We analyze each prospective policyholder on its own merits relative to 
known industry trends and statistical data. Our underwriting guidelines specify that we do not write workers’ compensation insurance 
for certain hazardous activities, including sub-surface mining and manufacturing of ammunition or fireworks. 

Underwriting is a multi-step process that begins with the receipt of an application from one of our agencies. We initially review 

the application to confirm that the prospective policyholder meets certain established criteria, including that the prospective 
policyholder is engaged in one of our targeted hazardous industries and industry classes and operates in the states we target. If the 
application satisfies these criteria, the application is forwarded to our underwriting department for further review. 

Our underwriting department reviews the application to determine if the application meets our underwriting criteria and whether 

all required information has been provided. If additional information is required, the underwriting department requests additional 
information from the agency submitting the application. Once this initial review process is complete, our underwriting department 
requests that a pre-quotation safety inspection be performed in most cases. In 2020, 92.5% of our new voluntary business 
policyholders were inspected prior to our offering a premium quote. 

6 

 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
After the pre-quotation safety inspection has been completed, our underwriting professionals review the results of the inspection 

to determine if a quote should be made and, if so, prepare the quote. The quote must be reviewed and approved by our underwriting 
department before the quote is delivered to the agency.  

Pricing 

In the majority of states, workers’ compensation insurance rates are based upon published “loss costs.” Loss costs are derived 

from wage and loss data reported by insurers to the state’s statistical agent, which in most states is the NCCI. The state agent then 
promulgates loss costs for specific job descriptions or class codes. Insurers file requests for adoption of a loss cost multiplier, or LCM, 
to be applied to the loss costs to support operating expenses and profit margins. In addition, most states allow pricing flexibility above 
and below the filed LCM, within certain limits. 

We obtain approval of our rates, including our LCMs, from state regulatory authorities. To maintain rates at profitable levels, 

we regularly monitor and adjust our LCMs. The effective LCM for our voluntary business was 1.58 for policy year 2020, 1.60 for 
policy year 2019, and 1.64 for policy year 2018. If we are unable to charge rates in a particular state or industry to produce satisfactory 
results, we seek to control and reduce our premium volume in that state or industry and redeploy our capital in other states or 
industries that offer greater opportunity to earn an underwriting profit. 

Safety 

Our safety inspection process begins with a request from our underwriting department to perform a pre-quotation safety 

inspection. Our safety inspections focus on a prospective policyholder’s operations, loss exposures and existing safety controls to 
prevent potential losses. The factors considered in our inspection include employee experience, turnover, training, previous loss 
history and corrective actions, and workplace conditions, including equipment condition and, where appropriate, use of fall protection, 
respiratory protection or other safety devices. Our FSPs typically travel to employers’ worksites to perform these safety inspections. 
These initial inspections allow our underwriting professionals to make decisions on both insurability and pricing. In certain 
circumstances, we will agree to provide workers’ compensation insurance only if the employer agrees to implement and maintain the 
safety management practices that we recommend. In 2020, 92.5% of our new voluntary business policyholders were inspected prior to 
our offering a premium quote. The remaining voluntary business policies were not pre-quote inspected for a variety of reasons, 
including instances where the prospective policyholder was previously insured by us or previously inspected by us. 

After an employer becomes a policyholder, we continue to emphasize workplace safety through periodic workplace visits, 
assisting the policyholder in designing and implementing enhanced safety management programs, providing safety-related information 
and conducting rigorous post-accident management. Generally, we may cancel or decline to renew an insurance policy if the 
policyholder does not implement or maintain reasonable safety management practices that we recommend. 

Claims 

We have structured our claims operation to provide immediate, intensive and personal management of claims to guide injured 

employees through medical treatment, rehabilitation and recovery, with the primary goal of returning the injured employee to work as 
promptly as practicable and at maximum medical improvement. We seek to limit the number of claim disputes with injured employees 
through early intervention in the claims process. Where possible, we purchase annuities on longer life claims to close these claims, 
while still providing an appropriate level of benefits to injured employees.  While we seek to promptly settle valid claims, we also 
aggressively defend against claims we consider to be non-meritorious. 

Our FCMs are located in the geographic areas where our policyholders are based. We believe the presence of our FCMs in the 
field enhances our ability to guide an injured employee to the appropriate conclusion in a friendly, dignified and supportive manner. 
Our FCMs have broad authority to manage claims from occurrence of a workplace injury through resolution, including authority to 
retain many different medical providers at our expense. Such providers comprise not only our recommended medical providers, but 
also nurse case managers, independent medical examiners, vocational specialists, rehabilitation specialists and other specialty 
providers of medical services necessary to achieve a quality outcome. 

7 

 
 
 
 
Following notification of a workplace injury, an FCM will contact the policyholder, the injured employee and/or the treating 

physician to determine the nature and severity of the injury. If a serious injury occurs, the FCM will promptly visit the injured 
employee or the employee’s family members to discuss the benefits provided. The FCM will also visit the treating physician to 
discuss the proposed treatment plan. Our FCM assists the injured employee in receiving appropriate medical treatment and encourages 
the use of our recommended medical providers and facilities. For example, our FCM may suggest that a treating physician refer an 
injured worker to another physician or treatment facility that we believe has had positive outcomes for other workers with similar 
injuries. We actively monitor the number of open cases handled by a single FCM in order to maintain focus on each specific injured 
employee. As of December 31, 2020, we averaged 47 open indemnity claims per FCM, which we believe is significantly less than the 
industry average. 

Locating our FCMs in the field also allows us to build professional relationships with local medical providers. In selecting 
medical providers, we rely, in part, on the recommendations of our FCMs who have developed professional relationships within their 
geographic areas. We also seek input from our policyholders and other contacts in the markets that we serve. While cost factors are 
considered in selecting medical providers, we consider the most important factor in the selection process to be the medical provider’s 
ability to achieve a quality outcome. We define quality outcome as the injured worker’s rapid, conclusive recovery and return to 
sustained, full capacity employment. 

Premium Audits 

We conduct premium audits on all of our voluntary business policyholders annually upon the expiration of each policy, 

including when the policy is renewed. The purpose of these audits is to verify that policyholders have accurately reported their payroll 
expenses and employee job classifications, and therefore, have paid us the premium required under the terms of their policies. In 
addition to annual audits, we selectively perform interim audits on new business and on certain classes of business if significant or 
unusual claims are filed or if the monthly reports submitted by a policyholder reflect a payroll pattern or other aberrations that cause 
underwriting, safety or fraud concerns. We also mitigate potential losses from under-reporting of premium or delinquent premium 
payment by collecting a deposit from the policyholder at the inception of the policy, typically representing 15% of the total estimated 
annual premium, which deposit can be utilized to offset losses from non-payment of premium. 

Loss Reserves 

We record reserves for estimated losses under insurance policies that we write and for loss adjustment expenses related to the 
investigation and settlement of policy claims. Our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated cost of all 
reported and unreported loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred and unpaid as of a given point in time. 

In establishing our reserves, we review the results of analyses using actuarial methodologies that utilize historical loss data from 
our more than 35 years of underwriting workers’ compensation insurance. In evaluating the results of those analyses, our management 
also uses substantial judgment in considering other factors that are not considered in these actuarial analyses. These actuarial 
methodologies and subjective factors are described in more detail below. Our process and methodology for estimating reserves applies 
to both our voluntary and assigned risk business, but does not include our reserves for mandatory pooling arrangements. We record 
reserves for mandatory pooling arrangements as those reserves are reported to us by the pool administrators. We do not use loss 
discounting when we determine our reserves, which would involve recognizing the time value of money and offsetting estimates of 
future payments by future expected investment income. 

When a claim is reported, we establish an initial case reserve for the estimated amount of our loss based on our estimate of the 
most likely outcome of the claim at that time. Generally, that case reserve is established within 14 days after the claim is reported and 
consists of anticipated medical costs, indemnity costs and specific adjustment expenses, which we refer to as defense and cost 
containment expenses, or DCC expenses. The most complex claims, involving severe injuries, may take a considerable period of time 
for us to establish a more precise estimate of the most likely outcome of the claim. At any point in time, the amount paid on a claim, 
plus the reserve for future amounts to be paid, represents the estimated total cost of the claim, or the case incurred amount. The 
estimated amount of loss for a reported claim is based upon various factors, including: 

 

 

 

 

 

type of loss; 

severity of the injury or damage; 

age and occupation of the injured employee; 

estimated length of temporary disability; 

anticipated permanent disability; 

8 

 
 
 

 

 

 

 

expected medical procedures, costs and duration; 

our knowledge of the circumstances surrounding the claim; 

insurance policy provisions related to the claim, including coverage; 

jurisdiction of the occurrence; and 

other benefits defined by applicable statute. 

The case incurred amount varies over time due to uncertainties with respect to medical treatment and outcome, length and 
degree of disability, recurrence of injury, employment availability and wage levels and judicial determinations. As changes occur, the 
case incurred amount is adjusted. The initial estimate of the case incurred amount can vary significantly from the amount ultimately 
paid, especially in circumstances involving severe injuries with comprehensive medical treatment. Changes in case incurred amounts 
is an important component of our historical claim data. 

In addition to case reserves, we establish reserves on an aggregate basis for loss and DCC expenses that have been incurred but 
not reported, or IBNR. Our IBNR reserves are also intended to provide for aggregate changes in case incurred amounts as well as the 
unpaid cost of recently reported claims for which an initial case reserve has not been established. 

The third component of our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses is our adjusting and other reserve, or AO reserve. 

Our AO reserve covers primarily the estimated cost of administering claims and is established for the costs of future unallocated loss 
adjustment expenses for all reported and unreported claims. 

The final component of our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses is the reserve for mandatory pooling arrangements. 

The mandatory pooling arrangement reserve includes the amount reported to us by the pool administrators. 

In establishing reserves, we rely on the analysis of the more than 227,000 claims in our 35-year history. Using statistical 

analyses and actuarial methods, we estimate reserves based on historical patterns of case development, payment patterns, mix of 
business, premium rates charged, case reserving adequacy, operational changes, adjustment philosophy and severity and duration 
trends. 

We review our reserves by accident year and state on a quarterly basis. Individual open claims are reviewed more frequently and 

adjustments to case incurred amounts are made based on expected outcomes. The number of claims reported or occurring during a 
period, combined with a calculation of average case incurred amounts, and measured over time, provide the foundation for our reserve 
estimates. In establishing our reserve estimates, we use historical trends in claim reporting timeliness, frequency of claims in relation 
to earned premium or covered payroll, premium rate levels charged and case development patterns. However, the number of variables 
and judgments involved in establishing reserve estimates, combined with some random variation in loss development patterns, results 
in uncertainty regarding projected ultimate losses. As a result, our ultimate liability for loss and loss adjustment expenses may be more 
or less than our reserve estimate. 

Our analysis of our historical data provides the factors we use in our statistical and actuarial analysis in estimating our loss and 

DCC expense reserve. These factors are primarily measures over time of claims reported, average case incurred amounts, case 
development, duration, severity and payment patterns. However, these factors cannot be solely used as these factors do not take into 
consideration changes in business mix, claims management, regulatory issues, medical trends, medical inflation, employment and 
wage patterns, and other subjective factors. We use this combination of factors and subjective assumptions and the use of six well-
accepted actuarial methods, as follows: 

 

 

 

Paid Development Method—uses historical, cumulative paid loss patterns to derive estimated ultimate losses by accident 
year based upon the assumption that each accident year will develop to estimated ultimate cost in a manner that is 
analogous to prior years. 

Paid Weighted Severity Method—multiplies estimated ultimate claims for each accident year by a weighted average, 
trended and developed severity. The ultimate claims estimate is based on paid claim count development. The selected 
severity for a given accident year is derived by giving some weight to all of the accident years in the experience history 
rather than treating each accident year independently. 

Paid Loss Ratio Cape Cod Method—similar to the paid weighted severity method, except that on-level premiums replace 
estimated ultimate claims, based upon paid claim count development, and loss ratios replace selected severities.  The 
selected ultimate loss ratio for a given accident year is derived by giving some weight to all of the accident years in the 
experience history rather than treating each accident year independently. 

9 

 
 
 

 

 

Incurred Development Method—uses historical, cumulative incurred loss patterns to derive estimated ultimate losses by 
accident year based upon the assumption that each accident year will develop to estimated ultimate cost in a manner that is 
analogous to prior years. 

Incurred Weighted Severity Method—multiplies estimated ultimate claims for each accident year by a weighted average, 
trended and developed severity. The ultimate claims estimate is based on incurred claim count development. The selected 
severity for a given accident year is derived by giving some weight to all of the accident years in the experience history 
rather than treating each accident year independently. 

Incurred Loss Ratio Cape Cod Method—similar to the incurred weighted severity method, except that on-level premiums 
replace estimated ultimate claims, based upon incurred claim count development, and loss ratios replace selected 
severities.  The selected ultimate loss ratio for a given accident year is derived by giving some weight to all of the accident 
years in the experience history rather than treating each accident year independently. 

These six methods are applied to both gross and net claims data. We then analyze the results and may emphasize or de-

emphasize some or all of the outcomes to reflect our judgment of reasonableness in relation to supplementary information and 
operational and industry changes. These outcomes are then aggregated to produce a single weighted average point estimate that is the 
base estimate for loss and DCC expense reserves. 

In determining the level of emphasis that may be placed on some or all of the methods, we review statistical information as to 
which methods are most appropriate, whether adjustments are appropriate within the particular methods, and if results produced by 
each method include inherent bias reflecting operational and industry changes. This supplementary information may include: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

open and closed claim counts; 

statistics related to open and closed claim count percentages; 

claim closure rates; 

changes in average case reserves and average loss and DCC expenses incurred on open claims; 

reported and ultimate average case incurred changes; 

reported and projected ultimate loss ratios; and 

loss payment patterns. 

In establishing our AO reserves, we review our past adjustment expenses in relation to paid claims as well as estimated future 

costs based on expected claims activity and duration. 

The sum of our net loss and DCC expense reserve, our AO reserve and our reserve for mandatory pooling arrangements is our 

total net reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses. 

As of December 31, 2020, our best estimate of our ultimate liability for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of amounts 

recoverable from reinsurers, was $654.9 million, which includes $14.3 million in reserves for mandatory pooling arrangements as 
reported by the pool administrators. The estimate of our ultimate liability was derived from the process and methodology described 
above, which relies on substantial judgment. There is inherent uncertainty in estimating our reserves for loss and loss adjustment 
expenses. It is possible that our actual loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred may vary significantly from our estimates. We view our 
estimate of loss and DCC expenses as the most significant component of our reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses. 

Additional information regarding our reserve for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) as of December 31, 2020, 

2019, and 2018 is set forth below: 

Gross case loss and DCC reserves 
AO reserves 
Gross IBNR reserves 
Gross unpaid loss, DCC and AO reserves 
Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid loss and LAE 
Net unpaid loss, DCC and AO reserves 

2020 

2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

610,255    $
22,426     
127,880     
760,561     
(105,707)   
654,854    $

614,556     $ 
22,387       
135,944       
772,887       
(95,343 )     
677,544     $ 

616,012 
21,782 
160,615 
798,409 
(107,216)
691,193  

10 

 
 
 
 
  
 
   
    
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
We performed sensitivity analyses to show how our net loss and DCC expense reserve, including IBNR, would be impacted by 

changes in certain critical assumptions. For our paid and incurred development methods, we varied both the cumulative paid and 
incurred loss development factors (LDFs) by an increase and decrease of 30%, both individually and in combination with one another. 
The results of this sensitivity analysis, using December 31, 2020 data, are summarized below. 

Change in Paid LDFs 

Change in Incurred LDFs 

30% increase 
30% increase 
30% increase 
No change 
No change 
30% decrease 
30% decrease 
30% decrease 

30% increase 
No change 
30% decrease 
30% increase 
30% decrease 
30% increase 
No change 
30% decrease 

Resultant Change in 
Net Loss and DCC Reserve

Amount ($) 
(in thousands) 

Percentage 

44,969       
—       
(44,585 )     
44,969       
(44,585 )     
44,969       
—       
(44,585 )     

7.3%
(—)%
(7.2)%
7.3%
(7.2)%
7.3%
(—)%
(7.2)%

For our paid and incurred weighted severity methods, we varied our year-end selected trend factor (for medical costs, defense 

costs, wage inflation, etc.) by an increase and decrease of 300 basis points. The results of this sensitivity analysis, using December 31, 
2020 data, are summarized below. 

Change in Severity Trend 

300 basis point increase 
300 basis point decrease 

Reconciliation of Loss Reserves 

Resultant Change in 
Net Loss and DCC Reserve 
  Amount ($)       Percentage 
  (in thousands)        
(1,152)    
965      

(0.2 )%
0.2 % 

The table below shows the reconciliation of loss reserves on a gross and net basis for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 

and 2018, reflecting changes in losses incurred and paid losses. 

Balance, beginning of period 
Less amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
     on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Net balance, beginning of period 
Add incurred related to: 
Current accident year 
Prior accident years 
Total incurred 
Less paid related to: 

Current accident year 
Prior accident years 

Total paid 

Net balance, end of period 
Add amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
     on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Balance, end of period 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

772,887    $

798,409     $ 

771,845 

95,343     
677,544     

107,216       
691,193       

84,889 
686,956 

220,710     
(63,484)   
157,226     

241,344       
(65,002 )     
176,342       

250,487 
(45,596)
204,891 

50,113     
129,803     
179,916     
654,854     

58,883       
131,108       
189,991       
677,544       

62,061 
138,593 
200,654 
691,193 

105,707     
760,561    $

95,343       
772,887     $ 

107,216 
798,409  

  $

Our gross reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses of $760.6 million as of December 31, 2020 are expected to cover all 

unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses as of that date. As of December 31, 2020, we had 4,758 open claims, with an average of 
$159,849 in unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses per open claim. During the year ended December 31, 2020, 4,452 new claims 
were reported, and 4,747 claims were closed. 

11 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
   
    
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
In 2020, our gross reserves decreased to $760.6 million from $772.9 million at December 31, 2019. The decrease in reserves 

was attributable primarily to favorable development from prior accident years. In 2020, we recognized $63.5 million of favorable 
development for prior accident years. As of December 31, 2019, we had 5,053 open claims, with an average of $152,956 in unpaid 
loss and loss adjustment expenses per open claim. During the year ended December 31, 2019, 5,452 new claims were reported, and 
5,589 claims were closed. 

In 2019, our gross reserves decreased to $772.9 million from $798.4 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease in reserves 

was attributable primarily to the 2018 accident year. In 2019, there was also $65.0 million of favorable development for prior accident 
years. As of December 31, 2018, we had 5,190 open claims, with an average of $153,836 in unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses 
per open claim. During the year ended December 31, 2018, 5,440 new claims were reported, and 5,232 claims were closed. 

Loss Development 

The table below shows the net loss development for business written each year from 2010 through 2020. The table reflects the 
changes in our loss and loss adjustment expense reserves in subsequent years from the prior loss estimates based on experience as of 
the end of each succeeding year on a generally accepted accounting principles basis, or GAAP basis. 

The first line of the table shows, for the years indicated, our liability including the incurred but not reported loss and loss 
adjustment expenses as originally estimated, net of amounts recoverable from reinsurers. For example, as of December 31, 2010, it 
was estimated that $466.7 million would be sufficient to settle all claims not already settled that had occurred on or prior to 
December 31, 2010, whether reported or unreported. The next section of the table sets forth the re-estimates in later years of incurred 
losses, including payments, for the years indicated. The next section of the table shows, by year, the cumulative amounts of loss and 
loss adjustment expense payments, net of amounts recoverable from reinsurers, as of the end of each succeeding year. For example, 
with respect to the net loss reserves of $466.7 million as of December 31, 2010, by December 31, 2020 (ten years later) $307.8 million 
had actually been paid in settlement of the claims that relate to liabilities as of December 31, 2010. 

The “gross cumulative redundancy (deficiency)” represents, as of December 31, 2020, the difference between the latest re-
estimated liability and the amounts as originally estimated. A redundancy means that the original estimate was higher than the current 
estimate. A deficiency means that the current estimate is higher than the original estimate. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis of Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve Development  

  2010 

    2011 

2012 

2013 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 
2015 
2014 
(in thousands) 

    2017 

    2018 

2019 

2020 

   460,105      474,787    502,648    542,141    580,454    601,868    629,750     641,360       626,192    614,060   
   454,479      462,650    478,931    494,327    529,149    567,098    584,149     576,358       562,709   
   442,700      448,269    439,272    462,770    504,437    530,582    528,659     527,722      
   429,269      427,835    420,913    452,097    484,964    498,494    494,513     
   411,785      418,528    415,996    440,750    467,382    473,137   
   404,753      415,213    408,762    431,715    451,232   
   403,299      410,452    401,130    421,534   
   400,337      404,621    392,829   
   395,608      397,359   
   388,308      
 $  78,360    $  79,918  $122,431  $144,324  $177,036  $180,038  $170,007   $ 159,234    $ 128,484  $ 63,484   

Reserve for loss and loss adjustment 
   expenses, net of reinsurance recoverables   $ 466,668    $ 477,277  $515,260  $565,858  $628,268  $653,175  $664,520   $ 686,956    $ 691,193  $677,544  $654,854 
Net reserve estimated as of: 
One year later 
Two years later 
Three years later 
Four years later 
Five years later 
Six years later 
Seven years later 
Eight years later 
Nine years later 
Ten years later 
Net cumulative redundancy (deficiency) 
Cumulative amount of reserve paid, net 
   of reserve recoveries, through: 
One year later 
Two years later 
Three years later 
Four years later 
Five years later 
Six years later 
Seven years later 
Eight years later 
Nine years later 
Ten years later 
Net reserve— December 31 
Reinsurance recoverables 
Gross reserve—December 31 

   125,884      131,497    127,205    129,658    135,711    135,601    129,937     138,593       131,108    129,803   
   199,682      201,814    188,752    198,610    203,855    202,063    202,928     205,705       199,284   
   240,196      237,170    226,907    233,254    240,098    247,751    241,165     247,609      
   262,415      259,823    245,860    253,081    267,143    272,144    268,049     
   277,396      273,383    259,202    269,179    279,944    289,001   
   286,629      284,071    270,055    276,534    293,197   
   295,527      292,324    274,520    284,522   
   301,543      295,582    280,657   
   304,010      300,145   
   307,775      
 $ 466,668    $ 477,277  $515,260  $565,858  $628,268  $653,175  $664,520   $ 686,956    $ 691,193  $677,544  $654,854 
   65,536       60,937    55,190    48,699    59,334    64,858    78,256      84,889       107,216    95,343    105,707 
 $ 532,204    $ 538,214  $570,450  $614,557  $687,602  $718,033  $742,776   $ 771,845    $ 798,409  $772,887  $760,561 

Net re-estimated reserve 
Re-estimated reinsurance recoverables 
Gross re-estimated reserve 

 $ 388,308    $ 397,359  $392,829  $421,534  $451,232  $473,137  $494,513   $ 527,722    $ 562,709  $614,060   
   46,199       43,740    39,119    41,684    48,824    49,377    57,016      66,806       71,625    89,077   
 $ 434,507    $ 441,099  $431,948  $463,218  $500,056  $522,514  $551,529   $ 594,528    $ 634,334  $703,137   

Gross cumulative redundancy (deficiency) 

 $  97,697    $  97,115  $138,502  $151,339  $187,546  $195,519  $191,247   $ 177,317    $ 164,075  $ 69,750   

Investments 

We derive net investment income from our invested assets. As of December 31, 2020, the carrying value of our investment 

portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents, was $1.2 billion and the fair value of the portfolio was $1.2 billion. 

Our Board of Directors has established an investment policy governing our investments, which is reviewed at least annually. 

The principal objectives of our investment portfolio are to preserve capital and surplus and to maintain appropriate liquidity for 
corporate requirements. Additional objectives are to support our A.M. Best rating and to maximize after-tax income and total return. 
Our investment policy establishes limitations and guidelines relating to, for example, asset allocation, diversification, credit ratings 
and duration. We periodically review our investment portfolio with the risk committee of our Board of Directors for compliance with 
the policy. Our investment portfolio is managed internally. 

We classify the majority of our fixed maturity securities as “held-to-maturity.” We do not reflect any changes in non-credit 
related unrecognized gains and losses until realized.  Upon the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses 
(Topic 326), management is required to estimate expected credit related losses for these securities and recognize a credit loss 
allowance on the balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to earnings.  Subsequent adjustments to the estimated expected credit 
related losses are recognized through earnings within the category “provision for investment related credit loss expense (benefit)”, and 
adjustments to the credit loss allowance.  The remainder of our fixed maturity securities are classified as “available-for-sale.” These 
investments are valued at fair value at the end of each period, with changes in fair value flowing through other comprehensive income. 
Equity securities are valued at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in net income.  We generally seek to limit our 
holdings in equity securities to the lesser of 10% of the investment portfolio or 30% of shareholders’ equity, on a fair value basis. 

See Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Investment Portfolio” 

for further information on the composition and results of our investment portfolio. 

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The table below shows the carrying values of various categories of securities held in our investment portfolio, the percentage of 

the total carrying value of our investment portfolio represented by each category and the effective interest rate for the year ended 
December 31, 2020 based on the carrying value of each category as of December 31, 2020: 

Carrying 
Value
  (in thousands)      

Percentage 
of Portfolio    

Effective 
Interest Rate   

Fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity: 

State and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. 
   Government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 

Total fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity 

Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale: 

State and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. 
   Government agencies 

Total fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale 

Equity securities 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total investments, including cash and cash equivalents 

  $

494,332    
69,756    
7,261    

13,626    
155    
585,130    

276,542    
88,899    
19,052    

29,786    
414,279    
43,437    
45,898    
61,757    
  $ 1,150,501    

43.0 %     
6.1 %     
0.6 %     

1.2 %     
0.0 %     
50.9 %     

24.0 %     
7.7 %     
1.7 %     

2.6 %     
36.0 %     
3.7 %     
4.0 %     
5.4 %     
100.0 %     

2.7%
3.1%
3.9%

1.2%
2.0%
2.7%

3.0%
3.1%
2.2%

1.8%
2.9%
2.6%
0.2%
0.1%
2.5%

As of December 31, 2020, our fixed maturity securities had a carrying value of $999.4 million, which represented 86.9% of the 
carrying value of our investments, including cash and cash equivalents. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, the pre-tax 
investment yield of our investment portfolio was 2.5% per annum. 

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the cost or amortized cost and fair value of, our investment portfolio as of 

December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows: 

Cost or 
Amortized 
Cost

Allowance 
for 
Credit 
Losses

Cost or 
Amortized 
Cost Net of
Allowance 
for 
Credit 
Losses

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized
Losses 

Fair 
Value

Fixed maturity securities, held-to-maturity 
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale 
Equity securities 

Totals 

 $ 585,404  $
387,665   
35,787   
 $1,008,856  $

(274) $ 585,130  $ 36,524    $ 
387,665    26,619      
7,650      
35,787   
(274) $1,008,582  $ 70,793    $ 

—   
—   

—  $ 621,654 
414,279 
(5)  
43,437 
—   
(5) $1,079,370  

(in thousands) 

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As of December 31, 2020, municipal bonds with maturities greater than one year made up 67.0% of our investment portfolio, 

including cash and cash equivalents. The investments in Louisiana result from companies being allowed an investment credit against 
Louisiana premium taxes for varying levels of Louisiana assets.  The table below summarizes the top five geographic exposures as of 
December 31, 2020.  

Texas 
Louisiana 
Arkansas 
Florida 
Washington 
Other 

Carrying 
Value

Percentage 
of Municipal 
Portfolio 

Percentage 
of Total 
Portfolio

  (in thousands)      
112,967    
  $
77,907    
73,652    
50,573    
42,240    
413,535    
770,874    

  $

14.7 %     
10.1 %     
9.5 %     
6.6 %     
5.5 %     
53.6 %     
100.0 %     

9.8%
6.8%
6.4%
4.4%
3.7%
35.9%
67.0%

The table below summarizes the credit quality of our investment portfolio, excluding our equity holdings, as of December 31, 

2020, as determined by the middle rating of Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s, and Fitch.  

Credit Rating 
“AAA” 
“AA” 
“A” 
“BBB” 
“BB and below” 
“Unrated securities” 

Total 

Percentage 
of Total 
Carrying Value   

31.1 % 
48.3 % 
12.2 % 
8.4 % 
0.0 % 
0.0 % 
100.0 % 

As of December 31, 2020, the average composite rating of our investment portfolio, excluding our equity holdings, was “AA.”  

The table below shows the composition of our fixed maturity securities by remaining time to maturity as of December 31, 2020. 

As of December 31, 2020 

  Carrying Value      Percentage 

(in thousands)        
124,254     
281,535     
165,176     
401,976     
26,313     
155     
999,409     

  $

  $

12.5 %
28.2 %
16.5 %
40.2 %
2.6 %
0.0 %
100.0 %

Maturity: 

Within one year 
After one year through five years 
After five years through ten years 
After ten years 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
Asset-backed securities 

Total 

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Reinsurance 

We purchase reinsurance to reduce our net liability on individual risks and to protect against catastrophic losses. Reinsurance 

involves an insurance company transferring to, or ceding, a portion of the exposure on a risk to a reinsurer. The reinsurer assumes the 
exposure in return for a portion of our premium. The cost and limits of reinsurance we purchase can vary from year to year based upon 
the availability of quality reinsurance at an acceptable price and our desired level of retention. Retention refers to the amount of risk 
that we retain for our own account. Under excess of loss reinsurance, covered losses in excess of the retention level up to the limit of 
the program are paid by the reinsurer. Our excess of loss reinsurance is written in layers, in which our reinsurers accept a band of 
coverage up to a specified amount. Any liability exceeding the limit of the program reverts to us as the ceding company. Reinsurance 
does not legally discharge us from primary liability for the full amount due under our policies. However, our reinsurers are obligated 
to indemnify us to the extent of the coverage provided in our reinsurance agreements. 

We believe reinsurance is critical to our business. Our reinsurance purchasing strategy is to protect against unforeseen and/or 
catastrophic loss activity that would adversely impact our income and capital base. We generally select financially strong reinsurers 
with an A.M. Best rating of “A–” (Excellent) or better at the time we enter into a reinsurance contract. In addition, to minimize our 
exposure to significant losses from reinsurer insolvencies, we evaluate the financial condition of our reinsurers and monitor 
concentrations of credit risk on a continual basis. 

2021 Excess of Loss Reinsurance Treaty Program  

Effective January 1, 2020, we renewed our excess of loss reinsurance treaty program related to our voluntary and assigned risk 
business.  The program consists of two layers of coverage.  The first layer is a multi-year treaty that applies to losses incurred through 
December 31, 2022. The second layer must be renewed annually.  Our reinsurance treaty program provides us with reinsurance 
coverage for each loss occurrence up to $70.0 million, subject to applicable limitations, deductibles, retentions and aggregate limits.  
In a multi-claimant loss occurrence, the reinsurance coverage for any one individual claimant is limited to a maximum of $10.0 
million, subject to applicable deductibles, retentions and aggregate limits. 

We have 15 reinsurers participating in our reinsurance treaty program in 2021. Under certain circumstances, including a 

downgrade of a reinsurer’s A.M. Best rating to “B++” (Very Good) or below, such reinsurer may be required to provide us with 
security for amounts due under the terms of our reinsurance program. This security may take the form of, among other things, cash 
advances or letters of credit. If security is required because of a ratings downgrade, the form of security must be mutually agreed to 
between the reinsurer and us. 

In 2021, our first layer of reinsurance provides coverage for losses up to $10.0 million for each loss occurrence in excess of $2.0 
million.  This layer provides coverage in two parts.  Before our reinsurers are obligated to reimburse us under this layer, we are subject 
to an annual aggregate deductible of 3.0% of subject earned premium under the first part of this coverage and 9.0% of subject earned 
premium under the second part of this coverage.  The limit under the first part of this coverage is 6.0% of subject earned premium in 
any one year and 4.0% of subject earned premium in the aggregate for all three years covered by this layer.  The limit under the 
second part of this coverage is 3.0% of subject earned premium for any one year and 1.0% of subject earned premium in the aggregate 
for all three years covered by this layer. 

At our option, we have the right to commute the reinsurers’ obligations under the agreement at any time after the end of the 
applicable term of the agreement. If we commute the reinsurers’ obligations, we are entitled to receive a portion of the premiums that 
were paid to the reinsurers prior to the effective dates of the applicable commutations, subject to certain adjustments provided in the 
agreement. 

Our second layer of reinsurance (catastrophe reinsurance) provides $60.0 million in coverage for each loss occurrence in excess 

of $10.0 million.  This layer includes coverage for terrorism including the use and/or dispersal of nuclear, biological, chemical and 
radiological agents with an annual aggregate limit of $60.0 million.  The aggregate limit for all claims under this layer is $120.0 
million.  This layer provides coverage through December 31, 2021. 

16 

 
 
 
The table below sets forth the reinsurers participating in our 2021 reinsurance program:  

Reinsurer 
Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd. 
Arch Reinsurance Company 
Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited 
Houston Casualty Company 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 0623 AFB 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 1414 ACS 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 1955 BAR 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 2623 AFB 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 2987 BRT 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 3000 MKL 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 4472 LIB 
Lloyd’s Syndicate 609 
Markel Global Reinsurance Company 
Minnesota Workers' Compensation Reinsurance Association 
Munich Reinsurance America, Inc. 

A.M. Best 
Rating 
A 
A+ 
A+ 
A++ 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
A 
NR 
A+ 

Due to the nature of reinsurance, we have recoverables from reinsurers that apply to prior accident years.  The Company generally 
secures large reinsurance recoverable balances with various forms of collateral, including funds withheld accounts, irrevocable letters of 
credit and secured trusts.  The table below summarizes our amounts recoverable from reinsurers as of December 31, 2020. 

Reinsurer 

Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited (1) 
Allianz Risk Transfer AG (Bermuda) 
Odyssey America Reinsurance Corporation 
Minnesota Workers' Compensation Reinsurance Association (1) 
Arch Reinsurance Company (1) 
Clearwater Insurance (2) 
Finial Reinsurance 
SCOR Reinsurance 
Tokio Millennium Re Limited 
St. Paul Fire and Marine Insurance Company 
Other reinsurers 
Total amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
Allowance for credit losses 
Total amounts recoverable from reinsurers net of allowance for credit losses 
Funds withheld and letters of credit related to the above recoverables 
Total unsecured amounts recoverable from reinsurers 

(1)  Current participant in our 2021 reinsurance program. 
(2)  Subsidiary of Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited. 

A.M. Best 
Rating 

Amounts 
Recoverable as of 
December 31, 2020  
(in thousands) 

A+ 
A+ 
A 
NR 
A+ 
NR 
A- 
A+ 
A+ 
A++ 
— 

     $ 

      $ 

56,753 
12,050 
8,688 
6,367 
5,210 
3,646 
3,476 
3,185 
1,677 
1,315 
3,888 
106,255 
(452)
105,803 
(71,986)
33,817  

In December 2019, the Company commuted reinsurance agreements with Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited 

(“Hannover”) covering portions of accident years 2009 through 2011.  The Company received an $8.5 million payment effectuated 
solely through offset against the balance of the funds withheld and recoverable from reinsurers accounts under the reinsurance 
agreements in exchange for releasing Hannover from their reinsurance obligations under the commuted agreements.  Hannover 
remains obligated to the subsidiaries of the Company under other reinsurance agreements.  There was no effect on the Company’s net 
income in the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the commutation. 

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Terrorism Reinsurance  

The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (the “2002 Act”) was enacted in response to the events of September 11, 2001.  The 

2002 Act has been extended periodically, most recently by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2019 (the 
“2019 Act”). This legislation was designed to ensure the availability of insurance coverage for losses resulting from certain acts of 
terrorism in the United States. The 2019 Act reauthorized a federal program until 2027 that provides federal reimbursement to 
insurance companies for a portion of their losses arising from certain acts of terrorism and requires insurance companies to offer 
coverage for these acts. The program applies to insured losses arising out of acts that are certified as “acts of terrorism” by the 
Secretary of the Treasury in concurrence with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Attorney General of the United States. In 
addition, the program does not provide any reimbursement for any portion of aggregate industry-wide insured losses from certified 
acts of terrorism that exceed $100.0 billion in any one year and is subject to certain other limitations and restrictions. 

For insured losses in 2021, each insurance group is responsible for a statutory deductible under the 2019 Act that is equal to 
20% of its direct earned property and casualty insurance premiums. For losses occurring in 2021, the U.S. federal government will 
reimburse 80% of an insurance group’s covered losses over the statutory deductible.  In addition, no federal reimbursement is 
available unless the aggregate insurance industry-wide losses from a certified act of terrorism exceeds $200.0 million for any act of 
terrorism.  However, there is no relief from the requirement under the 2019 Act that insurance companies offer coverage for certified 
acts of terrorism if those acts do not cause losses exceeding these threshold amounts and thus do not result in any federal 
reimbursement payments. 

Under the 2019 Act, insurance companies must offer coverage for losses due to certified acts of terrorism in their workers’ 
compensation policies. Moreover, the workers’ compensation laws of the various states generally do not permit the exclusion of 
coverage for losses arising from acts of terrorism, including terrorism that involves the use of nuclear, biological, chemical or 
radiological agents. In addition, state law prohibits us from limiting our workers’ compensation insurance losses arising from any one 
catastrophe or any one claimant. We have reinsurance protection in our current reinsurance treaty program that provides coverage of 
up to $70 million for losses arising from acts of terrorism. This coverage is effective through December 31, 2021.  The Company’s 
2021 catastrophe excess of loss layer for loss occurrences greater than $10 million includes coverage for losses caused by nuclear, 
biological, chemical and radiological attacks, subject to the deductibles, retentions, definitions and aggregate limits.   

Technology 

We view our information systems as an integral part of our operations. We make substantial investments in improving our 
systems on an ongoing basis. We provide our field premium auditors, field safety professionals and field case managers with computer 
and communication equipment to efficiently complete services. We deploy technology and equipment to enable remote work when 
needed and to ensure continuity of home office and field operations.  We also deploy online solutions for our policyholders to enable 
timely and efficient premium payments and for our agents to improve collaboration and exchange of data in the underwriting process.  
Our information technology employees perform end-user support, systems development, and infrastructure operation and maintenance 
with limited assistance from outside vendors. 

Competition 

The insurance industry, in general, is highly competitive and there is significant competition in the workers’ compensation 
segment of the industry. Competition in the insurance business is based on many factors, including premium rates, policy terms, 
coverage availability, claims management, safety services, payment terms, types of insurance offered, overall financial strength and 
financial ratings assigned by independent rating organizations, such as A.M. Best. Some of the insurers with which we compete have 
significantly greater financial, marketing and management resources than we do. We may also compete with new market entrants in 
the future. 

We believe the workers’ compensation market for the hazardous industries we target is more fragmented and to some degree 

less competitive than other segments of the workers’ compensation market. Our competitors include other insurance companies, state 
insurance pools and self-insurance funds. Overall, we estimate that more than 300 insurance companies participate in the workers’ 
compensation market. The insurance companies with which we compete vary by state and by the industries we target. Market 
conditions are also impacted by lower estimated loss costs adopted by a number of states in which we do business. 

Our competitive advantages include our underwriting expertise, safety services and claims management practices, our A.M. 
Best rating and our ability to reduce claims through implementation of our work safety programs. In addition, we believe that our 
insurance is competitively priced and our premium rates are typically lower than those for policyholders assigned to the state 
insurance pools, allowing us to provide a viable alternative for policyholders in those pools. 

18 

 
Human Capital 

Throughout our 35-year history, the retention, growth and development of our employees has been critical to our success. In 
order to continue to deliver on our mission of providing quality insurance services to our customers, it is crucial that we continue to 
attract and retain talented employees that are aligned with our mission.  

As part of these efforts, we strive to offer a competitive compensation and benefits program that is aligned with our 

shareholders’ interests. Our underwriting professionals participate in an incentive compensation program under which bonuses are 
paid quarterly based upon achieving premium underwriting volume and profitable loss ratio targets. The determination of whether 
targets have been satisfied is made 30 months after the beginning of the relevant incentive compensation period. Our field safety 
professionals participate in an incentive compensation program under which bonuses are paid semi-annually based upon an FSP’s 
production and their policyholders’ aggregate profitable loss ratios. The results are measured 33 months after the inception of the 
subject policy period. In addition, employee bonus programs in other areas of the company help ensure our employees’ performance is 
appropriately rewarded when the company performs well. 

We are committed to the health, safety and wellness of our employees as the success of our business is fundamentally connected 

to the well-being of our people. Our benefit offerings are designed to meet the varied and evolving needs of a diverse workforce. In 
additional to health care and 401k retirement programs, we offer wellness initiatives and time off for annual wellness exams, 
reimbursements of health club memberships, and confidential counseling services to promote a culture of wellness.  

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in February 2020, we began the process of health and safety notifications to our 
employees and preparation of resources to move to a remote workforce while servicing our policyholders. In March 2020, the 
Company took steps to eliminate non-essential travel and implemented safety and health measures for all home office and field 
employees which resulted in most of our home office employees set up to work-from home. Additionally, in March, the Company 
suspended all in-person visits with our customers, which represent insureds, agents and claimants. During the second quarter of 2020, 
AMERISAFE began gradually returning employees to our home office, with protocols in place to protect the health and safety of our 
employees.  Many employees continue to work from home, assisting agents and policyholders with their workers compensation 
insurance, on a rotational basis.  AMERISAFE also began returning our Safety and Claims professionals to the field, where these 
professionals inspect job sites and meet with injured workers, all following local, state and federal health and safety guidelines.  

To assist employees in need, beginning in 2016, the Company partnered with the Community Foundation of Southwest 

Louisiana to provide tax-free assistance to employees that have experienced a catastrophic event through an employee assistance fund. 
In addition to funding from the Company, this fund also allows employees to make a monetary donation to assist their fellow 
employees. Two catastrophic hurricanes significantly impacted the home office DeRidder area in Southwest Louisiana in August and 
October 2020. Hurricane Laura (category 4) with winds of 150 miles per hour at landfall and Hurricane Delta (category 2) with winds 
of 100 miles per hour at landfall caused widespread damage to homes, trees, and the power infrastructure of the area.  Our dedicated 
employees were able to continue to serve our customers without significant disruption to business operations, despite their personal 
circumstances through both storms. Throughout 2020, the employee assistance fund was available for employees impacted by these 
storms or other disasters.   

We actively engage and support local communities through numerous charitable and social organizations in the communities in 

which we operate. We believe that this commitment helps in our efforts to attract and retain employees. To encourage a culture of 
giving back to the communities in which we operate, all Company employees may take advantage of paid time off for volunteer 
activities.   

The Company has also established an endowment to provide scholarships to dependents of our employees and members of the 

community in which we do business, recognizing the importance of educating future generations.  

With the support of our Board of Directors, we are focused on our diversity and inclusion strengths and opportunities and 
executing on a strategy to support further progress.  We strive to promote inclusion through our Company values and behaviors.  

As of December 31, 2020, we had 393 full-time employees and two part-time employees.  Approximately 63% of our current 

workforce is female, 37% male. Our average employee tenure is 10.5 years. Women represent 45% of AMERISAFE’s leadership 
(defined as vice president level and above), including our CEO. Two women serve as members of our seven member Board of 
Directors. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
None of our employees are subject to a collective bargaining agreement.  Due to COVID-19 impacts and the changing 

environment in which we are operating, the Company did not furlough employees nor has it sought a reduction in staff. The Company 
has generated efficiencies in its staffing by limiting hiring to critical business roles during 2020.  

We invest in the professional development of our employees. This includes various insurance certification programs and other 
professional development education, training and certifications. We also work with our employees to provide training in leadership 
development, professional development, project management skills and interpersonal skills development. 

Information About our Executive Officers 

The table below sets forth information about our executive officers and key employees as of February 26, 2021.  

Name 
Executive Officers 
G. Janelle Frost 
Neal A. Fuller 
Vincent J. Gagliano 
Andrew B. McCray 
Kathryn H. Shirley 

Key Employees 
Kelly R. Goins 
Leon J. Lagneaux 
Henry O. Lestage, IV 
Garrett S. Little 
Barbra E. McCrary 
Angela W. Pearson 

   Age 

Position 

50 
58 
48 
59 
55 

55 
69 
60 
50 
46 
48 

   President and Chief Executive Officer 
   Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 
   Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer 
   Executive Vice President and Chief Underwriting Officer 
   Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer and Secretary 

   Senior Vice President, Staff Underwriting 
   Senior Vice President, Recruitment and Development 
   Senior Vice President, Claims Operations 
   Senior Vice President, Safety Operations 
   Senior Vice President, Policyholder Services 
   Senior Vice President, Controller 

G. Janelle Frost has served as our Chief Executive Officer since April 2015 and President since September 2013.  She has 
served as a Director of the Company since April 2016.  Prior to becoming our Chief Executive Officer, Ms. Frost served as Chief 
Operating Officer from May 2013 to April 2015. She served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from 
November 2008 to April 2013, our Controller from May 2004 to November 2008 and Vice President from May 2006 to November 
2008. She has been employed with our company since 1992.  Ms. Frost currently serves on the Board of Directors of the Federal 
Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s New Orleans Branch. 

Neal A. Fuller has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since September 2015.  Mr. Fuller served 
in multiple leadership positions with Safeco Corporation from 1988 to 2009, ending as Senior Vice President – Finance and Treasurer.  
Prior to joining our company, Mr. Fuller served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of ICW Group from 2010 to 
2011 and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of SeaBright Holdings, Inc. from 2011 to 2013. 

Vincent J. Gagliano has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer since March 2016.  He previously served 

as Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer from January 2013 until February 2016, and Senior Vice President of 
Information Technology from September 2009 to January 2013.  He has been employed with our company since 2001.   

Andrew B. McCray has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Underwriting Officer since May 2019. Prior to joining the 
company, he was Senior Director – Global P&C Strategy and Product Innovation for Assurant from January 2017 through April 2019. 
From 2015 through 2017, he served as business leader for commercial lines for Utica National Insurance Group and from 2011 
through 2015 served as vice president and director of regional underwriting operations for Utica National Insurance Group.  

Kathryn H. Shirley has served as our Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer and Secretary since February 

2020.  She previously served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary from February 2016 until February 2020 
and Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary from May 2012 until February 2016.  She has been employed with our 
company since 2012.  Prior to joining our company, she practiced law from 2009 through May 2012 at Christian & Small LLP. From 
2000 until 2008 she was employed as an Insurance Regulatory Compliance Manager with United Investors Life Insurance Company 
and Liberty National Life Insurance Company, subsidiaries of Torchmark Corporation. 

Kelly R. Goins has served as our Senior Vice President, Staff Underwriting since February 2020. She previously served as 

Senior Vice President, Underwriting Operations from March 2005 until February 2020.  She has been employed with our company 
since 1986. 

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Leon J. Lagneaux has served as our Senior Vice President, Recruitment & Development since July 2019. He previously served 
as Senior Vice President, Safety Operations from March 2005 until June 2019. He has been employed with our company since 1994.  

Henry O. Lestage, IV has served as our Senior Vice President, Claims Operations since September 2000. He has been employed 

with our company since 1987.  

Garrett S. Little has served as our Senior Vice President, Safety Operations since July 2019 and previously served as Vice 

President, Field Safety from April 2001 until June 2019.  He has been employed with our company since 1995. 

Barbra E. McCrary, has served as our Senior Vice President, Policyholder Services since November 2017 and served as Vice 

President, Premium Audit from 2010 until 2017.  She has been employed with our company since 1997.  

Angela W. Pearson has served as our Senior Vice President and Controller since October 2019 and previously served as Vice 

President and Controller from 2012 until October 2019.  She has been employed with our company since 1996.   

Regulation 

Holding Company Regulation 

Nearly all states have enacted legislation that regulates insurance holding company systems. Each insurance company in a 
holding company system is required to register with the insurance supervisory agency of its state of domicile and furnish information 
concerning the operations of companies within the holding company system that may materially affect the operations, management or 
financial condition of the insurers within the system. Under these laws, the respective state insurance departments may examine us at 
any time, require disclosure of material transactions and require prior notice of or approval for certain transactions. All transactions 
within a holding company system affecting an insurer must have fair and reasonable terms and are subject to other standards and 
requirements established by law and regulation. 

Change of Control 

The insurance holding company laws of nearly all states require advance approval by the respective state insurance departments 

of any change of control of an insurer. “Control” is generally presumed to exist through the direct or indirect ownership of 10% or 
more of the voting securities of a domestic insurance company or any entity that controls a domestic insurance company. In addition, 
insurance laws in many states contain provisions that require pre-notification to the insurance commissioners of a change of control of 
a non-domestic insurance company licensed in those states. Any future transactions that would constitute a change of control of AIIC, 
SOCI or AIICTX, including a change of control of AMERISAFE, would generally require the party acquiring control to obtain the 
prior approval of the department of insurance in the state in which the insurance company being acquired is incorporated and may 
require pre-notification in the states where pre-notification provisions have been adopted. Obtaining these approvals may result in the 
material delay of, or deter, any such transaction. 

These laws may discourage potential acquisition proposals and may delay, deter or prevent a change of control of 
AMERISAFE, including through transactions, and in particular unsolicited transactions, that some or all of the shareholders of 
AMERISAFE might consider to be desirable. 

State Insurance Regulation 

Insurance companies are subject to regulation and supervision by the department of insurance in the state in which they are 

domiciled and, to a lesser extent, other states in which they conduct business. AIIC and SOCI are primarily subject to regulation and 
supervision by the Nebraska Department of Insurance. AIICTX is primarily subject to regulation and supervision by the Texas 
Department of Insurance and Workers’ Compensation Commission. These state agencies have broad regulatory, supervisory and 
administrative powers, including the power to grant and revoke licenses to transact business, license agencies, set the standards of 
solvency to be met and maintained, determine the nature of, and limitations on, investments and dividends, approve policy forms and 
rates in some states, periodically examine financial statements, determine the form and content of required financial statements and 
periodically examine market conduct. 

Detailed annual and quarterly financial statements and other reports are required to be filed with the state insurance departments 
in all states in which we are licensed to transact business. The financial statements of AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX are subject to periodic 
examination by the department of insurance in each state in which they are licensed to do business. 

21 

 
In addition, many states have laws and regulations that limit an insurer’s ability to withdraw from a particular market. For 
example, states may limit an insurer’s ability to cancel or not renew policies. Furthermore, certain states prohibit an insurer from 
withdrawing one or more lines of business from the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. 
The state insurance department may disapprove a plan that may lead to market disruption. Laws and regulations that limit cancellation 
and non-renewal and that subject program withdrawals to prior approval requirements may restrict our ability to exit unprofitable 
markets. 

Insurance agencies are also subject to regulation and supervision by the state insurance departments in the states in which they 
are licensed. Our wholly owned subsidiary, Amerisafe General Agency, Inc., is licensed as an insurance agent in 29 states. Amerisafe 
General Agency is domiciled in Louisiana and is primarily subject to regulation and supervision by the Louisiana Department of 
Insurance, which regulates the solicitation of insurance and the qualification and licensing of agents and agencies that may desire to 
conduct business in Louisiana. 

State Insurance Department Examinations  

We are subject to periodic examinations by the Nebraska and Texas insurance departments.  AIIC and SOCI underwent an 
examination by the Nebraska Department of Insurance in 2018 which covered calendar years 2014 through 2017. AIICTX underwent 
an examination by the Texas Department of Insurance in 2018 which covered calendar years 2014 through 2017. 

Guaranty Fund Assessments 

In most of the states where we are licensed to transact business, there is a requirement that property and casualty insurers doing 

business in that state participate in a guaranty association, which is organized to pay contractual benefits owed under insurance 
policies issued by impaired, insolvent or failed insurers. These associations levy assessments, up to prescribed limits, on all member 
insurers in a particular state on the basis of the proportionate share of the premium written by member insurers in the lines of business 
in which the impaired, insolvent or failed insurer is engaged. Some states permit member insurers to recover assessments paid through 
full or partial premium tax offsets. 

Property and casualty insurance company insolvencies or failures may result in us paying assessments at some future date. At 

this time, we are unable to determine the impact, if any, such assessments may have on our financial position or results of operations. 
We have established liabilities for potential state guaranty fund assessments with respect to insurers becoming insolvent. 

Residual Market Programs 

Many of the states in which we conduct business or intend to conduct business require that all licensed insurers participate in a 
program to provide workers’ compensation insurance to those employers who have not or cannot obtain coverage from a carrier on a 
negotiated basis. The level of required participation in such programs is generally determined by calculating the volume of our 
voluntary business in that state as a percentage of all voluntary business in that state by all insurers. The resulting factor is the 
proportion of premium we must accept as a percentage of all of premiums in policies included in that state’s residual market program. 

Companies generally can fulfill their residual market obligations by either issuing insurance policies to employers assigned to 
them, or participating in a reinsurance pool where the results of all policies provided through the pool are shared by the participating 
companies. We utilize both methods, depending on management’s evaluation of the most cost-efficient method to adopt in each state 
that allows a choice of assigned risk or participation in a pooling arrangement. In 2020, we had assigned risks in three states: 
Alabama, Alaska, and North Carolina. 

Second Injury Funds 

A number of states operate trust funds that reimburse insurers and employers for claims paid to injured employees for 
aggravation of prior conditions or injuries. The state-managed trust funds are funded through assessments against insurers and self-
insurers providing workers’ compensation coverage in the applicable state. Our recoveries from state-managed trust funds for the 
years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $4.5 million, $4.8 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Our cash paid for 
assessments to state-managed trust funds for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $0.6 million, $1.8 million and 
$2.1 million, respectively.  We accrue for second injury funds relative to historical paid amounts. 

22 

 
 
 
Dividend Limitations 

Under Nebraska law, without the prior approval of the Nebraska Director of Insurance, AIIC and SOCI cannot pay dividends to 

their shareholder that exceed the greater of (a) 10% of statutory surplus as of the previous year end or (b) or statutory net income, 
excluding realized investment gains, for the preceding 12-month period. However, net income from the previous two calendar years 
may be carried forward to the extent that it has not already been paid out as dividends. Further, under Texas law, without the prior 
approval of the Texas Commissioner of Insurance, AIICTX cannot pay dividends to its shareholder in excess of the greater of 10% of 
statutory surplus, or statutory net income, for the preceding 12-month period. 

Federal Law and Regulations 

For the year ended December 31, 2020, we derived 2.4% of our voluntary in-force premiums from employers engaged in the 

maritime industry. As a provider of workers’ compensation insurance for employers engaged in the maritime industry, we are subject 
to the United States Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, or the USL&H Act, and the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, 
or Jones Act. We are also subject to regulations related to the USL&H Act and the Jones Act. 

The USL&H Act, which is administered by the U.S. Department of Labor, generally covers exposures on the navigable waters 

of the United States and in adjoining waterfront areas, including exposures resulting from stevedoring. The USL&H Act requires 
employers to provide medical benefits, compensation for lost wages, and rehabilitation services to longshoremen, harbor workers and 
other maritime workers who may suffer injury, disability or death during the course and scope of their employment. The Department 
of Labor has the authority to require us to make deposits to serve as collateral for losses incurred under the USL&H Act. 

The Jones Act is a federal law, the maritime employer provisions of which provide injured offshore workers, or seamen, with a 

remedy against their employers for injuries arising from negligent acts of the employer or co-workers during the course of 
employment on a ship or vessel. 

Privacy Regulations 

In 1999, Congress enacted the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, which, among other things, protects consumers from the unauthorized 

dissemination of certain personal information. Subsequently, a majority of states have implemented additional regulations to address 
privacy issues. These laws and regulations apply to all financial institutions, including insurance companies, and require us to 
maintain appropriate policies and procedures for managing and protecting certain personal information of our policyholders and to 
fully disclose our privacy practices to our policyholders. We may also be exposed to future privacy laws and regulations, which could 
impose additional costs and impact our results of operations or financial condition. In 2000, the NAIC adopted the Privacy of 
Consumer Financial and Health Information Model Regulation, which assisted states in promulgating regulations to comply with the 
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. In 2002, to further facilitate the implementation of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the NAIC adopted the 
Standards for Safeguarding Customer Information Model Regulation. Several states have now adopted similar provisions regarding 
the safeguarding of policyholder information. We have established policies and procedures intended to ensure that we are in 
compliance with the privacy requirement of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. 

Information Security Standards 

In 2017, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners adopted the Insurance Data Security Model Law creating rules 

for insurers, agents and other licensed entities covering data security, investigation and notification of breach. This includes 
maintaining an information security program based on ongoing risk assessment, overseeing third-party service providers, investigating 
data breaches and notifying regulators of a cybersecurity event. Some states have adopted similar versions of the Insurance Data 
Security Model Law. Our policies and procedures regarding information security are intended to ensure that we are in compliance 
with the model law. 

Federal and State Legislative and Regulatory Changes 

From time to time, various regulatory and legislative changes have been proposed in the insurance industry. Among the 
proposals that have in the past been, or are at present, being considered are the possible introduction of federal regulation in addition 
to, or in lieu of, the current system of state regulation of insurers and proposals in various state legislatures (some of which proposals 
have been enacted) to conform portions of their insurance laws and regulations to various model acts adopted by the NAIC. We are 
unable to predict whether any of these laws and regulations will be adopted, the form in which any such laws and regulations would be 
adopted or the effect, if any, these developments would have on our operations and financial condition. 

For information on the Terrorism Risk Act, see “—Reinsurance—Terrorism Reinsurance.” 

23 

 
 
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners 

The NAIC is a group formed by state insurance commissioners to discuss issues and formulate policy with respect to regulation, 

reporting and accounting of insurance companies. Although the NAIC has no legislative authority and insurance companies are at all 
times subject to the laws of their respective domiciliary states and, to a lesser extent, other states in which they conduct business, the 
NAIC is influential in determining the form in which such laws are enacted. Model insurance laws, regulations and guidelines, which 
we refer to as the Model Laws, have been promulgated by the NAIC as a minimum standard by which state regulatory systems and 
regulations are measured. Adoption of state laws that provide for substantially similar regulations to those described in the Model 
Laws is a requirement for accreditation by the NAIC. The NAIC provides authoritative guidance to insurance regulators on statutory 
accounting issues by promulgating and updating a codified set of statutory accounting practices in its Accounting Practices and 
Procedures Manual. The Nebraska and Texas legislatures have adopted these codified statutory accounting practices. 

Under Nebraska law, AIIC and SOCI are each required to maintain minimum capital and surplus of $2.0 million. Under Texas 

law, AIICTX is required to maintain minimum capital and surplus of $5.0 million. Property and casualty insurance companies are also 
subject to certain risk-based capital requirements by the NAIC. Under those requirements, the amount of capital and surplus 
maintained by a property and casualty insurance company is determined based on the various risk factors related to it. As of 
December 31, 2020, AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX exceeded the minimum risk-based capital requirements. 

The key financial ratios of the NAIC’s Insurance Regulatory Information System, or IRIS, which ratios were developed to assist 
insurance departments in overseeing the financial condition of insurance companies, are reviewed by experienced financial examiners 
of the NAIC and state insurance departments to select those companies that merit highest priority in the allocation of the regulators’ 
resources. IRIS identifies 13 industry ratios and specifies “usual values” for each ratio. Departure from the usual values on four or 
more of the ratios can lead to inquiries from individual state insurance commissioners as to certain aspects of an insurer’s business.  
The 2020 IRIS results for AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX were within expected values for all 13 industry ratios.  

Statutory Accounting Principles 

Statutory accounting principles, or SAP, are a basis of accounting developed to assist insurance regulators in monitoring and 

regulating the solvency of insurance companies. SAP is primarily concerned with measuring an insurer’s surplus as regards to 
policyholders. Accordingly, statutory accounting focuses on valuing assets and liabilities of insurers at financial reporting dates in 
accordance with appropriate insurance law and regulatory provisions applicable in each insurer’s domiciliary state. 

Generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, are concerned with a company’s solvency, but are also concerned with 

other financial measurements, principally income and cash flows. Accordingly, GAAP gives more consideration to appropriate 
matching of revenue and expenses and accounting for management’s stewardship of assets than does SAP. As a direct result, different 
assets and liabilities and different amounts of assets and liabilities will be reflected in financial statements prepared in accordance with 
GAAP as compared to SAP. 

Statutory accounting principles established by the NAIC and adopted in part by Nebraska and Texas insurance regulators, 

determine, among other things, the amount of statutory surplus and statutory net income of AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX and thus 
determine, in part, the amount of funds that are available to pay dividends to AMERISAFE. 

Website Information 

Our corporate website is located at www.amerisafe.com. Our annual report to shareholders, annual proxy statement and related 
proxy card will be made available on our website at the same time they are mailed to shareholders. Our quarterly reports on Form 10-
Q, periodic reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports that we file or furnish pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available through our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after they have 
been electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Our website also provides access to 
reports filed by our directors, executive officers and certain significant shareholders pursuant to Section 16 of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934. In addition, our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Policy Regarding 
Communications with the Board of Directors, Policy Regarding Shareholder Recommended Director Candidates, Majority Voting and 
Director Resignation Policy, and charters for the standing committees of our Board of Directors are available on our website as well as 
other shareholder communications. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report. In addition, the 
SEC maintains a website, www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information that we file 
electronically with the SEC. 

24 

 
 
Item 1A. 

Risk Factors. 

In evaluating our Company, the factors described below should be considered carefully. The occurrence of one or more of these 

events could significantly and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Risks Related to Our Business 

The workers’ compensation insurance industry is cyclical in nature, which may affect our overall financial performance. 

The financial performance of the workers’ compensation insurance industry has historically fluctuated with periods of lower 
premium rates and excess underwriting capacity resulting from increased competition followed by periods of higher premium rates 
and reduced underwriting capacity resulting from decreased competition. Although the financial performance of an individual 
insurance company is dependent on its own specific business characteristics, the profitability of most workers’ compensation 
insurance companies generally tends to follow this cyclical market pattern. Because this market cyclicality is due in large part to the 
actions of our competitors and general economic factors, we cannot predict the timing or duration of changes in the market cycle. We 
expect these cyclical patterns will cause our revenues and net income to fluctuate, which may cause the price of our common stock to 
be more volatile. 

The impact of COVID-19 could materially affect the business operations of our insurance subsidiaries and may adversely 
affect our revenues, results of operations, and cash flows. 

Beginning in March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began to impact the global economy creating disruptions in economic 

activity impacting our business and results of operations, as well as those of our policy holders.   It is uncertain the ultimate impact 
that the economic and financial disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our business.  We have identified ongoing 
risks related to the pandemic which include a decline in demand for insurance products, a reduction in hours worked by our 
policyholders, an inability to collect premium balances due, potential declines in the market value of our investments and the decline 
in interest rates on new investments.   Additional risks include legislative, judicial and regulatory actions suspending cancellation of 
policies for non-payment of premiums, extension of grace periods for payment of premium balances, expansion of coverage to pay for 
losses not contemplated by our insurance policies, and an increase in frequency and severity related to COVID-19 compensable 
claims.  Additional risks include an increase in costs due to delays in medical treatment and the financial burden of the pandemic on 
the healthcare industry. 

We operate in a highly competitive industry and may lack the financial resources to compete effectively. 

There is significant competition in the workers’ compensation insurance industry. We believe that our competition in the 
hazardous industries we target is fragmented and not dominated by one or more competitors. We compete with other insurance 
companies, state insurance pools and self-insurance funds. Many of our existing and potential competitors are significantly larger and 
possess greater financial, marketing and management resources than we do. Moreover, a number of these competitors offer other types 
of insurance in addition to workers’ compensation and can provide insurance nationwide. 

We only offer workers’ compensation insurance. We have no current plans to focus our efforts on offering other types of insurance. 

As a result, negative developments in the economic, competitive or regulatory conditions affecting the workers’ compensation insurance 
industry could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Negative developments in the workers’ 
compensation insurance industry could have a greater impact on our company because we do not sell other types of insurance. 

We compete on the basis of many factors, including coverage availability, claims management, safety services, payment terms, 

premium rates, policy terms, types of insurance offered, overall financial strength, financial ratings and reputation. If any of our 
competitors offer premium rates, policy terms or types of insurance that are more competitive than ours, we could lose market share. 
No assurance can be given that we will maintain our current competitive position in the markets in which we currently operate or that 
we will establish a competitive position in new markets into which we may expand. 

25 

 
If we do not appropriately establish our premium rates, our results of operations will be adversely affected. 

In general, the premium rates for our insurance policies are established when coverage is initiated and, therefore, before all of 

the underlying costs are known. Like other workers’ compensation insurance companies, we rely on estimates and assumptions in 
setting our premium rates. Establishing adequate rates is necessary to generate sufficient revenue to offset losses, loss adjustment 
expenses and other underwriting expenses, and to earn an underwriting profit. If we fail to accurately assess the risks that we assume, 
we may fail to charge adequate premium rates to cover our losses and expenses, which could reduce our net income and cause us to 
become unprofitable. For example, when initiating coverage on a policyholder, we estimate future claims expense based, in part, on 
prior claims information provided by the policyholder’s previous insurance carriers. If this prior claims information is not accurate, we 
may underprice our policy by using claims estimates that are too low. As a result, our actual costs for providing insurance coverage to 
our policyholders may be significantly higher than our premiums. In order to set premium rates appropriately, we must: 

 

 

 

 

collect and properly analyze a substantial volume of data; 

develop, test and apply appropriate rating formulae; 

closely monitor and timely recognize changes in trends; and 

project both frequency and severity of losses with reasonable accuracy. 

We must also implement our pricing accurately in accordance with our assumptions. Our ability to undertake these efforts 

successfully, and as a result set premium rates accurately, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, principally: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

insufficient reliable data; 

incorrect or incomplete analysis of available data; 

uncertainties generally inherent in estimates and assumptions; 

the complexity inherent in implementing appropriate rating formulae or other pricing methodologies; 

costs of ongoing medical treatment; 

uncertainties inherent in accurately estimating retention, investment yields, and the duration of our liability for loss and 
loss adjustment expenses; and 

unanticipated court decisions, legislation or regulatory action. 

Consequently, we could set our premium rates too low, which would negatively affect our results of operations and our 
profitability, or we could set our premium rates too high, which could reduce our competitiveness and lead to lower revenues. 

If we cannot sustain our relationships with independent agencies, we may be unable to operate profitably. 

We market a substantial portion of our workers’ compensation insurance through independent agencies. As of December 31, 
2020, independent agencies produced 96.5% of our voluntary in-force premiums. No independent agency accounted for more than 
1.2% of our voluntary in-force premiums at that date. Independent agencies are not obligated to promote our insurance and may sell 
insurance offered by our competitors. As a result, our continued profitability depends, in part, on the marketing efforts of our 
independent agencies and on our ability to offer workers’ compensation insurance and maintain financial strength ratings that meet the 
requirements of our independent agencies and their policyholders. 

An inability to effectively manage our operations could make it difficult for us to compete and could affect our ability to 
operate profitably. 

Our continuing strategic options include expanding in our existing markets, entering new geographic markets and further 

developing our agency relationships. Our strategy is subject to various risks, including risks associated with our ability to: 

 

 

 

 

 

profitably increase our business in existing markets; 

identify profitable new geographic markets for entry; 

attract and retain qualified personnel for expanded operations; 

identify, recruit and integrate new independent agencies; and 

augment our internal operations and systems as we expand our business. 

26 

 
 
 
Economic conditions could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 

Negative trends in business investment, consumer confidence and spending, significant declines and volatility of the capital 

markets, and availability of credit and the rate of unemployment can adversely affect our business.  Although we continue to closely 
monitor market conditions, we cannot predict future conditions or their impact on our premium volume, the value of our investment 
portfolio and our financial performance. As a result of economic conditions, we could experience future decreases in business activity 
and incur realized and unrealized losses in our investment portfolio, both of which could adversely affect our financial condition and 
results of operations. 

If we are unable to realize our investment objectives, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely 
affected. 

Investment income is an important component of our net income. As of December 31, 2020, our investment portfolio, including 

cash and cash equivalents, had a carrying value of $1.2 billion. For the year ended December 31, 2020 we had $29.4 million of net 
investment income. Our investment portfolio is managed under investment guidelines approved by our Board of Directors, and is 
made up predominately of fixed maturity securities and cash and cash equivalents. Although our investment guidelines emphasize 
capital preservation and liquidity, our investments are subject to a variety of risks, including risks related to general economic 
conditions, interest rate fluctuations, market illiquidity and market volatility. General economic conditions may be adversely affected 
by global health pandemics, U.S. involvement in hostilities with other countries and large-scale acts of terrorism, or the threat of 
hostilities or terrorist acts. 

Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies and domestic and international 
economic and political conditions. Increased interest rates could have an adverse effect on the value of our investment portfolio.  Low 
interest rates could continue to have an adverse effect on our investment income. Additionally, changes in interest rates can expose us 
to prepayment risks on mortgage-backed securities included in our investment portfolio. 

Similarly, during periods of market disruption, including periods of rapidly widening credit spreads or illiquidity, the fair values 

of certain of our fixed maturity securities could be deemed to have a credit related loss for which the Company could be obligated to 
recognize an allowance for credit losses.  Further, rapidly changing equity market conditions could materially impact the valuation of 
the equity securities as reported within our consolidated financial statements and the period-to-period changes in value could vary 
significantly. 

These and other factors affect the capital markets and, consequently, the value of our investment portfolio and our future 

investment income. Any significant decline in our investment income would adversely affect our revenues and net income. 

Technology breaches or failures, including those resulting from a malicious cyber attack on us, or our policyholders or 
medical providers, could disrupt or otherwise negatively impact our business. 

We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit, store and protect the electronic information, financial data and 
proprietary models that are critical to our business.  Furthermore, a significant portion of the communications between our employees, 
our policyholders and medical providers depend on information technology and electronic information exchange.  Like all companies, 
our information technology systems are vulnerable to data breaches, interruptions or failures due to events that may be beyond our 
control, including natural disasters, theft, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, hackers and general technology failures. 

We have established and implemented security measures, controls and procedures in an effort to safeguard our information 

technology systems and to prevent unauthorized access to these systems and any data processed and/or stored in these systems.  We 
evaluate the adequacy of our third-party service providers’ cybersecurity measures through periodic due diligence and contractual 
obligations.  Despite these safeguards, disruptions to and breaches of our information technology systems or providers’ are possible 
and may negatively impact our business. 

Although we have experienced no known cases involving unauthorized access to our information technology systems and data 
or unauthorized appropriation of such data to date, we have no assurance that such technology breaches will not occur in the future. 

27 

 
 
 
A decline in the level of business activity of our policyholders, particularly those engaged in the construction, trucking, logging 
and lumber, manufacturing, agriculture, maritime, and oil and gas industries, could negatively affect our earnings and 
profitability. 

In 2020, 85.5% of our gross premiums written were derived from policyholders in the construction, trucking, logging and 
lumber, manufacturing, agriculture, maritime, and oil and gas industries. Because premium rates are calculated, in general, as a 
percentage of a policyholder’s payroll expense, premiums fluctuate depending upon the level of business activity and number of 
employees of our policyholders. As a result, our gross premiums written are primarily dependent upon economic conditions in these 
industries and upon economic conditions generally. 

Our loss reserves are based on estimates and may be inadequate to cover our actual losses. 

We record reserves for estimated losses under insurance policies we write and for loss adjustment expenses related to the 

investigation and settlement of claims. Our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated cost of all reported and 
unreported loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred and unpaid at any given point in time based on known facts and circumstances. 
Reserves are based on estimates of the most likely ultimate cost of individual claims. These estimates are inherently uncertain. 

Our pre-tax income for any period is impacted by establishing reserves for new claims as well as changes in estimates for 

previously reported losses. Our focus on writing workers’ compensation insurance for employers engaged in hazardous industries results 
in our experiencing fewer, but more severe, claims. The ultimate cost of resolving severe claims is difficult to predict, particularly in the 
period shortly after the injury occurs. Substantial judgment is required to determine the relevance of our historical experience and industry 
information under current facts and circumstances. The interpretation of this historical data can be impacted by external forces, 
principally frequency and severity of unreported claims, length of time to achieve ultimate settlement of claims, inflation in medical costs 
and wages, insurance policy coverage interpretations, jury determinations, and legislative changes. Accordingly, our reserves may prove 
to be inadequate to cover our actual losses. If there are unfavorable changes affecting our assumptions, our reserves may need to be 
increased. When a reserve estimate is increased, the change decreases pre-tax income by a corresponding amount. 

The effects of emerging claims and coverage issues on our business are uncertain. 

As industry practices and legal, judicial, social and other environmental conditions change, unexpected and unintended issues 

related to claims and coverage may emerge. These issues may adversely affect our business by either extending coverage beyond our 
underwriting intent or by increasing the number or size of claims. In some instances, these changes may not become apparent until 
after we have issued insurance policies that are affected by the changes. As a result, the full extent of our liability under an insurance 
policy may not be known until many years after the policy is issued. For example, medical costs associated with permanent and partial 
disabilities may increase more rapidly or be higher than we currently expect. Changes of this nature may expose us to higher claims 
than we anticipated when we wrote the underlying policy. 

The expertise, wellbeing and resiliency of our workforce is necessary to maintain our competitive advantages in the high 
hazard workers’ compensation industry.  

Our success is dependent on the expertise, wellbeing and resiliency of our employees and our ongoing leadership development 

activities to attract and retain key employees that are knowledgeable about our business.  Succession planning and employee education 
and development for key positions is essential.  If we are unable to attract and retain key employees and provide them with 
opportunities to learn and grow, our operations may be adversely impacted. 

Our business is dependent on the efforts of our executive officers because of their industry expertise, knowledge of our 
markets and relationships with the independent agencies that sell our insurance. 

Our success is dependent on the efforts of our executive officers because of their industry expertise, knowledge of our markets 
and relationships with our independent agencies. We have entered into employment agreements with each of our executive officers.  
Should any of our executive officers cease working for us, we may be unable to find acceptable replacements with comparable skills 
and experience in the workers’ compensation insurance industry and the hazardous industries that we target. As a result, our 
operations may be disrupted and our business may be adversely affected. We do not currently maintain life insurance policies with 
respect to our executive officers. 

28 

 
 
Because we are subject to extensive state and federal regulation, legislative changes may negatively impact our business. 

We are subject to extensive regulation by the Nebraska and Texas Departments of Insurance and the insurance regulatory 
agencies of other states in which we are licensed and, to a lesser extent, federal regulation. State agencies have broad regulatory 
powers designed primarily to protect policyholders and their employees, and not our shareholders. Regulations vary from state to 
state, but typically address: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

standards of solvency, including risk-based capital measurements; 

restrictions on the nature, quality and concentration of our investments; 

restrictions on the terms of the insurance policies we offer; 

restrictions on the way our premium rates are established and the premium rates we may charge; 

required reserves for unearned premiums and loss and loss adjustment expenses; 

standards for appointing general agencies; 

limitations on transactions with affiliates; 

restrictions on mergers and acquisitions; 

restrictions on the ability of our insurance company subsidiaries to pay dividends to AMERISAFE; 

certain required methods of accounting; and 

potential assessments for state guaranty funds, second injury funds and other mandatory pooling arrangements. 

We may be unable to comply fully with the wide variety of applicable laws and regulations that are continually undergoing 

revision. In addition, we follow practices based on our interpretations of laws and regulations that we believe are generally followed 
by our industry. These practices may be different from interpretations of insurance regulatory agencies. As a result, insurance 
regulatory agencies could preclude us from conducting some or all of our activities or otherwise penalize us. For example, in order to 
enforce applicable laws and regulations or to protect policyholders, insurance regulatory agencies have relatively broad discretion to 
impose a variety of sanctions, including examinations, corrective orders, suspension, revocation or denial of licenses, and the takeover 
of one or more of our insurance subsidiaries. The extensive regulation of our business may increase the cost of our insurance and may 
limit our ability to obtain premium rate increases or to take other actions to increase our profitability. 

The workers’ compensation system is largely regulated by state regulation.  However in recent years, certain federal agencies 

and regulatory bodies have increased interest in more federal workers’ compensation oversight.  Increased federal involvement has the 
potential to change the workers’ compensation structure impacting workers’ benefits and the method of administration.  As a result, 
potential changes in the level of oversight to the workers’ compensation industry could adversely affect our operations. 

Changes in accounting standards or new standards, as well as assumptions, estimates and judgments by management related 
to complex accounting issues could have a material adverse effect on our capital levels and our results of operations. 

Changes in GAAP accounting standards, guidelines and interpretations have the ability to impact our financial results especially 
as it relates to our significant accounting policies which are described in Note 1 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.  Changes in 
these standards, issued and promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, could impact the recognition of 
revenues, expenses, taxes, investments, loss reserves and other aspects of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  Such changes could 
significantly impact our reported earnings or financial condition.  

AMERISAFE is a holding company whose insurance subsidiaries are governed by SAP determined and promulgated by the 

NAIC and state departments of insurance.  New standards or changes in SAP accounting standards or interpretations, especially as it 
relates to our significant revenues, assets, liabilities, statutory surplus, risk-based capital, or RBC, ratios and dividend paying ability 
could have a material impact on our statutory earnings, dividend paying ability or financial condition.  

Legal or other administrative proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our operations or results of operations. 

In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in various legal and other administrative proceedings involving claims 

arising from our insurance operations. These claims involve issues such as eligibility for workers' compensation insurance coverage or 
benefits, the extent of injuries, wage determinations, disability ratings, and bad faith and extra-contractual liability. We defend these 
claims. A significant adverse result, or multiple adverse results involving similar issues, could require us to pay significant amounts or 
to change the manner in which we administer claims, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations or results of 
operations.  

29 

 
As an insurance holding company, AMERISAFE is dependent on the results of operations of its insurance subsidiaries, and 
our Company’s ability to pay dividends depends on the regulatory and financial capacity of its subsidiaries to pay dividends to 
AMERISAFE. 

AMERISAFE is a holding company that transacts business through its operating subsidiaries, including AIIC. AMERISAFE’s 
primary assets are the capital stock of these operating subsidiaries. The ability of AMERISAFE to pay dividends to our shareholders 
depends upon the surplus and earnings of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to AMERISAFE. Payment of dividends by 
our insurance subsidiaries is restricted by state insurance laws, including laws establishing minimum solvency and liquidity 
thresholds, and could be subject to contractual restrictions in the future, including those imposed by indebtedness we may incur in the 
future. As a result, AMERISAFE may not be able to receive dividends from its insurance subsidiaries and may not receive dividends 
in amounts necessary to pay dividends on our capital stock. 

A downgrade in our A.M. Best rating would likely reduce the amount of business we are able to write. 

Rating agencies evaluate insurance companies based on their ability to pay claims. We are currently assigned a group letter 
rating of “A” (Excellent) from A.M. Best, which is the rating agency that we believe has the most influence on our business. This 
rating is assigned to companies that, in the opinion of A.M. Best, have demonstrated an excellent overall performance when compared 
to industry standards. A.M. Best considers “A” rated companies to have an excellent ability to meet their ongoing obligations to 
policyholders. The ratings of A.M. Best are subject to periodic review using, among other things, proprietary capital adequacy models, 
and are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time. A.M. Best ratings are directed toward the concerns of policyholders and 
insurance agencies and are not intended for the protection of investors or as a recommendation to buy, hold or sell securities. Our 
competitive position relative to other companies is determined in part by our A.M. Best rating. Any downgrade in our rating would 
likely adversely affect our business through the loss of certain existing and potential policyholders and the loss of relationships with 
certain independent agencies. 

A downgrade in the A.M. Best rating of one or more of our significant reinsurers could adversely affect our financial 
condition. 

Our financial condition could be adversely affected if the A.M. Best rating of one or more of our significant reinsurers is 
downgraded. For example, our A.M. Best rating may be downgraded if our amounts recoverable from a reinsurer are significant and 
the A.M. Best rating of that reinsurer is downgraded. If one of our reinsurers suffers a rating downgrade, we may consider various 
options to lessen the impact on our financial condition, including commutation, novation and the use of letters of credit to secure 
amounts recoverable from reinsurers. However, these options may result in losses to our company, and there can be no assurance that 
we could implement any of these options. 

If we are unable to obtain reinsurance on favorable terms, our ability to write policies could be adversely affected. 

We purchase reinsurance to reduce our net liability on individual risks and to protect against catastrophic losses. Reinsurance is 

an arrangement in which an insurance company, called the ceding company, transfers insurance risk by sharing premiums with 
another insurance company, called the reinsurer. Conversely, the reinsurer receives or assumes reinsurance from the ceding company.  
Our 2021 reinsurance program provides us with reinsurance coverage for each loss occurrence up to $70.0 million, subject to 
applicable limitations, deductibles, retentions and aggregate limits. However, for any loss occurrence involving only one claimant, our 
reinsurance coverage is limited to $10.0 million, subject to applicable deductibles, retentions and aggregate limits.  Our retention is 
$2.0 million for each loss occurrence.  Losses in the layer between $2.0 million and $10.0 million are ceded to a multi-year 
reinsurance treaty with an aggregate annual deductible of approximately $9.1 million and an aggregate limit of coverage of 
approximately $27.3 million for 2021. 

The availability, amount, and cost of reinsurance are subject to market conditions and our experience with insured losses. As a 

result, any material changes in market conditions or our loss experience could adversely affect our financial performance. 

If any of our current reinsurers were to terminate participation in our reinsurance treaty program, we could be exposed to an 
increased risk of loss. 

When our reinsurance treaty program is terminated and we enter into a new program, any decrease in the amount of reinsurance 

at the time we enter into a new program, whether caused by the existence of more restrictive terms and conditions or decreased 
availability, will also increase our risk of loss and, as a result, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. We currently have 15 reinsurers participating in our reinsurance treaty program, and we believe that this is a sufficient 
number of reinsurers to provide us with the reinsurance coverage we require. However, it is possible that one or more of our current 
reinsurers could terminate participation in our program. In addition, we may terminate the participation of one or more of our 
reinsurers under certain circumstances as permitted by the terms of our reinsurance agreements. In any of these events, if our 
reinsurance broker is unable to reallocate the terminated reinsurance among the remaining reinsurers in the program, it could take a 
significant period of time to identify and negotiate agreements with one or more replacement reinsurers. During this period, we would 
be exposed to an increased risk of loss, the extent of which would depend on the coverage previously provided by the terminated 
reinsurance. 

30 

 
 
 
We may not be able to recover amounts due from our reinsurers, which would adversely affect our financial condition. 

Reinsurance does not discharge our obligations under the insurance policies we write. We remain liable to our policyholders 

even if we are unable to make recoveries that we are entitled to receive under our reinsurance contracts. As a result, we are subject to 
credit risk with respect to our reinsurers. Losses are recovered from our reinsurers as claims are paid. In long-term workers’ 
compensation claims, the creditworthiness of our reinsurers may change before we recover amounts to which we are entitled. 
Therefore, if a reinsurer is unable to meet any of its obligations to us, we would be responsible for all claims and claim settlement 
expenses for which we would have otherwise received payment from the reinsurer. 

As of December 31, 2020, we had $105.8 million of recoverables from reinsurers. Of this amount, $33.8 million was unsecured. 

As of December 31, 2020, our largest recoverable from reinsurers included $56.8 million from Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) 
Limited, $12.1 million from Allianz Risk Transfer AG and $8.7 million from Odyssey America Reinsurance Corporation.  Each of 
these reinsurers have an A.M. Best rating of “A” (Excellent) or better.  Reinsurance recoverable amounts over 90 days old at 
December 31, 2020 were immaterial.   If we are unable to collect amounts recoverable from our reinsurers, our financial condition 
would be adversely impacted. 

Assessments and premium surcharges for state guaranty funds, second injury funds and other mandatory pooling 
arrangements may reduce our profitability. 

Most states require insurance companies licensed to do business in their state to participate in guaranty funds, which require the 

insurance companies to bear a portion of the unfunded obligations of impaired, insolvent or failed insurance companies. These 
obligations are funded by assessments, most of which are expected to continue in the future. State guaranty associations levy 
assessments, up to prescribed limits, on all member insurance companies in the state based on their proportionate share of premiums 
written in the lines of business in which the impaired, insolvent or failed insurance companies are engaged. See “Business—
Regulation” in Item 1 of this report. Accordingly, the assessments levied on us may increase as we increase our written premium. 
Some states also have laws that establish second injury funds to reimburse insurers and employers for claims paid to injured 
employees for aggravation of prior conditions or injuries. These funds are supported by either assessments or premium surcharges 
based on case incurred losses. 

In addition, as a condition to conducting business in some states, insurance companies are required to participate in residual 
market programs to provide insurance to those employers who cannot procure coverage from an insurance carrier on a negotiated 
basis. Insurance companies generally can fulfill their residual market obligations by, among other things, participating in a reinsurance 
pool where the results of all policies provided through the pool are shared by the participating insurance companies. Although we 
price our insurance to account for obligations we may have under these pooling arrangements, we may not be successful in estimating 
our liability for these obligations. Accordingly, mandatory pooling arrangements may cause a decrease in our profits. 

At December 31, 2020, we participated in mandatory pooling arrangements in 22 states and the District of Columbia. As we 

write policies in new states that have mandatory pooling arrangements, we will be required to participate in additional pooling 
arrangements. Further, the impairment, insolvency or failure of other insurance companies in these pooling arrangements would likely 
increase the liability for other members in the pool. The effect of assessments and premium surcharges or changes in them could 
reduce our profitability in any given period or limit our ability to grow our business. 

We may require additional capital in the future, which may not be available to us or may be available only on unfavorable 
terms. 

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including state regulatory requirements, the financial stability of 

our reinsurers and our ability to write new business and establish premium rates sufficient to cover our estimated claims. We may need 
to raise additional capital or curtail our growth if the capital of our insurance subsidiaries is insufficient to support future operating 
requirements and/or cover claims. If we had to raise additional capital, equity or debt financing might not be available to us or might 
be available only on terms that are not favorable. Future equity offerings could be dilutive to our shareholders and the equity securities 
issued in any offering may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock. 

If we cannot obtain adequate capital on favorable terms or at all, we may be unable to support future growth or operating 

requirements and, as a result, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. 

31 

 
 
 
We may have exposure to losses from terrorism for which we are required by law to provide coverage. 

When writing workers’ compensation insurance policies, we are required by law to provide workers’ compensation benefits for 

losses arising from acts of terrorism. The impact of any terrorist act is unpredictable, and the ultimate impact on us would depend 
upon the nature, extent, location and timing of such an act. Our 2021 reinsurance treaty program affords limited coverage for up to 
$70.0 million for losses arising from terrorism, subject to applicable deductibles, retentions, definitions and aggregate limits. 

Notwithstanding the protection provided by reinsurance and the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2019 

(TRIPRA of 2019), the risk of severe losses to us from acts of terrorism has not been eliminated because our reinsurance treaty 
program includes various sub-limits and exclusions limiting our reinsurers’ obligation to cover losses caused by acts of terrorism. 
Accordingly, events constituting acts of terrorism may not be covered by, or may exceed the capacity of, our reinsurance and could 
adversely affect our business and financial condition. 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock 

Our revenues and results of operations may fluctuate as a result of factors beyond our control, which fluctuation may cause 
the price of our common stock to be volatile. 

The revenues and results of operations of our insurance subsidiaries historically have been subject to significant fluctuations and 

uncertainties. Our profitability can be affected significantly by: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rising levels of claims costs, including medical and prescription drug costs, that we cannot anticipate at the time we 
establish our premium rates; 

fluctuations in interest rates, inflationary or deflationary pressures and other changes in the investment environment that 
affect returns on our invested assets; 

changes in the frequency or severity of claims; 

the financial stability of our reinsurers and changes in the level of reinsurance capacity and our capital capacity; 

new types of claims and new or changing judicial interpretations relating to the scope of liabilities of insurance companies; 

volatile and unpredictable developments, including man-made, weather-related and other natural catastrophes or terrorist 
attacks; and 

price competition. 

If our revenues and results of operations fluctuate as a result of one or more of these factors, the price of our common stock may 

become more volatile. 

Provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws and the laws of the states of Texas and Nebraska could impede an 
attempt to replace or remove our directors or otherwise effect a change of control of our company, which could diminish the 
value of our common stock. 

Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may make it more difficult for shareholders to replace or 
remove directors even if the shareholders consider it beneficial to do so. In addition, these provisions could delay or prevent a change 
of control of our company that shareholders might consider favorable. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain the following 
provisions that could have an anti-takeover effect: 

 

 

 

 

election of our directors is classified, meaning that the members of only one of three classes of our directors are elected 
each year; 

shareholders have limited ability to call shareholder meetings and to bring business before a meeting of shareholders; 

shareholders may not act by written consent, unless the consent is unanimous; and 

our Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with such rights, preferences and privileges as the 
Board deems appropriate. 

These provisions may make it difficult for shareholders to replace management and could have the effect of discouraging a 

future takeover attempt that is not approved by our Board of Directors, but which individual shareholders might consider favorable. 

32 

 
 
We are incorporated in Texas. Under the Texas Business Organizations Code, our ability to enter into a business combination 

with an affiliated shareholder is limited. 

In addition, two of our three insurance company subsidiaries, AIIC and SOCI, are incorporated in Nebraska and the other, 
AIICTX, is incorporated in Texas. Under Nebraska and Texas insurance law, advance approval by the state insurance department is 
required for any change of control of an insurer. “Control” is presumed to exist through the direct or indirect ownership of 10% or 
more of the voting securities of a domestic insurance company or any entity that controls a domestic insurance company. Obtaining 
these approvals may result in the material delay of, or deter, any transaction that would result in a change of control. 

The trading price of our common stock may decline. 

The trading price of our common stock may decline for many reasons, some of which are beyond our control, including, among 

others: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

our results of operations; 

changes in expectations as to our future results of operations, including financial estimates and projections by securities 
analysts and investors; 

results of operations that vary from those expected by securities analysts and investors; 

developments in the insurance or healthcare industries; 

current and expected economic conditions; 

changes in laws and regulations; 

announcements of claims against us by third parties; and 

future issuances or sales of our common stock. 

In addition, the stock market experiences significant volatility from time to time that is often unrelated to the operating 

performance of companies whose shares are traded. These market fluctuations could adversely affect the trading price of our common 
stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. 

Securities analysts may discontinue coverage of our common stock or may issue negative reports, which may adversely affect 
the trading price of our common stock. 

There is no assurance that securities analysts will continue to cover our company. If securities analysts do not cover our 

company, this lack of coverage may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. The trading market for our common stock 
relies in part on the research and reports that securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who 
cover our company downgrades our common stock, the trading price of our common stock may decline rapidly. If one or more of 
these analysts ceases to cover our company, we could lose visibility in the market, which, in turn, could also cause the trading price of 
our common stock to decline. 

Future sales of our common stock may affect the trading price of our common stock. 

We cannot predict what effect, if any, future sales of our common stock, or the availability of shares for future sale, will have on 

the trading price of our common stock. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the 
perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock and may make it more difficult for 
you to sell your shares at a time and price that you determine appropriate. As of February 16, 2021, there were 19,331,059 shares of 
our common stock outstanding.  

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments. 

None. 

Item 2. 

Properties. 

We own our principal business office which has approximately 60,000 square feet of office space together with a 3,200 square 
foot warehouse facility located in DeRidder, Louisiana. AIIC and SOCI lease their corporate headquarters which has approximately 
3,500 square feet of office space located in Omaha, Nebraska.  The Company leases space at other locations for certain of our service 
and claims representatives, none of which are material. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings. 

In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in the adjudication of claims resulting from workplace injuries. We are 
not involved presently in any legal or administrative proceedings that we believe are likely to have a materially adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition or results of operations. 

Item 4. 

Mine Safety Disclosures 

None. 

34 

 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item  5. 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities. 

Market Information and Holders 

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “AMSF.” As of February 16, 2021, there 

were 20 holders of record of our common stock. 

Dividend Policy 

In 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company paid regular quarterly cash dividends of $0.27, $0.25, and $0.22 per share, respectively.  

In addition, the Company paid extraordinary cash dividends of $3.50 in each of 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

On February 23, 2021 the Company declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.29 per share payable on March 26, 2021 to 

shareholders of record as of March 12, 2021. 

The Board intends to continue to consider the payment of a regular cash dividend each calendar quarter.  On an annualized 

basis, the cash dividend is expected to be $1.16 per share in 2021. 

AMERISAFE is a holding company and has no direct operations. Our ability to pay dividends in the future depends on the 

ability of our operating subsidiaries to pay dividends to us. Our insurance company subsidiaries are regulated insurance companies 
and therefore are subject to significant regulatory restrictions limiting their ability to declare and pay dividends. See “Business—
Regulation—Dividend Limitations” in Item 1 of this report. 

Our existing revolving credit agreement contains covenants that restrict our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. For 

more information on our credit agreement, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7 of this report. 

Description of Capital Stock 

AMERISAFE is authorized to issue 60,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of: 

 

 

10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; and 

50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. 

As of February 16, 2021, 19,331,059 shares of common stock were outstanding. As of that date, there were no shares of 

preferred stock outstanding. 

Share Repurchases 

The Company’s Board of Directors initiated a share repurchase program in February 2010. In October 2016, the Board 

reauthorized this program with a limit of $25.0 million with no expiration date.  There were no shares repurchased under this program 
in 2020, 2019 or 2018.  Since the beginning of this plan, the Company has repurchased a total of 1,258,250 shares for $22.4 million, 
or an average price of $17.78, including commissions. The purchases may be affected from time to time depending upon market 
conditions and subject to applicable regulatory considerations. It is anticipated that any future purchases will be funded from available 
capital. 

35 

 
 
 
 
  
 
Item 6. 

Selected Financial Data. 

The following tables summarize certain selected financial data that should be read in conjunction with our audited financial 
statements and accompanying notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in this report and “Item 7. Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

Income Statement Data 
Gross premiums written 
Ceded premiums written 
Net premiums written 

Net premiums earned 
Net investment income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity 
   securities (1) 
Fee and other income 
Total revenues 

 $

 $
 $

Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred 
Underwriting and certain other operating costs (2)    
Commissions 
Salaries and benefits 
Policyholder dividends 
Provision for investment related credit 
   loss benefit (3) 

Total expenses 
Income before taxes 
Income tax expense (4) 
Net income 
Diluted earnings per common share equivalent 
Weighted average common shares 
Restricted stock and stock options 
Diluted weighted average of common share 
   equivalents outstanding 
Selected Insurance Ratios 
Current accident year loss ratio (5) 
Prior accident year loss ratio (6) 
Net loss ratio 
Net underwriting expense ratio (7) 
Net dividend ratio (8) 
Net combined ratio (9) 

$

$
$

2020 

303,090  
(10,276) 
292,814  
304,427  
29,364  
1,132  

4,204  
350  
339,477  
157,226  
20,834  
23,147  
27,925  
3,453  

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 
(in thousands, except share and per share data) 

2019 

2017 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

$

$
$

333,460  
(8,995) 
324,465  
332,888  
32,483  
(80) 

4,758  
321  
370,370  
176,342  
22,221  
25,010  
27,120  
4,160  

351,696  
(9,344) 
342,352  
350,326  
30,452  
(1,536) 

(2,088) 
599  
377,753  
204,891  
28,981  
26,160  
25,992  
4,148  

$

$
$

350,267  
(8,869) 
341,398  
346,156  
29,281  
(647) 

—  
418  
375,208  
209,324  
28,333  
24,812  
25,631  
4,868  

2016 

373,055  
(10,307) 
362,748  
368,704  
28,106  
(494) 

—  
346  
396,662  
199,031  
29,470  
26,243  
24,881  
4,216  

(27) 
232,558  
106,919  
20,317  
 $
86,602  
4.47  
 $
   19,288,996  
74,813  

—  
254,853  
115,517  
22,827  
$
92,690  
4.80  
$
  19,248,657  
80,581  

—  
290,172  
87,581  
15,949  
$
71,632  
3.71  
$
  19,208,978  
84,104  

—  
292,968  
82,240  
36,009  
 $ 
46,231  
2.40  
 $ 
   19,165,489  
80,377  

—  
283,841  
112,821  
34,956  
$
77,865  
4.05  
$
  19,105,806  
97,844  

   19,363,809  

  19,329,238  

  19,293,082  

   19,245,866  

  19,203,650  

72.5%  
(20.9)%  
51.6%  
23.6%  
1.1%  
76.3%  

72.5%  
(19.5)%  
53.0%  
22.3%  
1.3%  
76.6%  

71.5%     
(13.0)%    
58.5%     
23.2%     
1.2%     
82.9%     

70.5%  
(10.0)%  
60.5%  
22.8%  
1.4%  
84.7%  

67.9%
(13.9)%
54.0%
21.9%
1.1%
77.0%

36 

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Balance Sheet Data 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investments 
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
Premiums receivable, net 
Deferred income taxes 
Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Total assets (10) 
Reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Insurance-related assessments 
Shareholders’ equity 

2020 

2019 

As of December 31, 
2018 
(in thousands) 

2017 

2016 

61,757    $

43,813    $

55,559    $

40,344     $ 

105,803     
156,760     
13,665     
17,810     

95,913     
157,953     
17,513     
19,048     

  $
58,936 
    1,088,744      1,125,018      1,125,490        1,130,314      1,084,474 
83,666 
183,005 
33,811 
19,300 
    1,470,855      1,492,906      1,515,931        1,518,236      1,518,856 
742,776 
162,028 
31,742 
456,150   

798,409       
149,296       
28,258       
409,762       

112,006       
162,478       
21,852       
19,734       

771,845     
157,270     
28,246     
425,423     

772,887     
140,873     
22,967     
430,215     

760,561     
129,260     
17,995     
438,816     

90,133     
174,234     
19,262     
20,251     

(1)  We adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) in the first quarter of 2018.  Prior to adoption of 
this change in accounting standards, unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities were recognized in other comprehensive 
income. 
Includes policy acquisition expenses and other general and administrative expenses, excluding commissions and salaries and 
benefits, related to insurance operations and corporate operating expenses. 

(2) 

(3)  We adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), in the first quarter of 2020.  We elected the 

modified retrospective approach.  Therefore, prior comparative periods are not adjusted.   

(4)  On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code.  Changes 

include, but are not limited to, a corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% effective for tax years beginning after December 
31, 2017.  As a result, we recorded $12.6 million as additional income tax expense related to our net deferred tax assets revalued 
at the new lower rate of 21% in the fourth quarter of 2017, the period in which the legislation was enacted. 

(5)  The current accident year loss ratio is calculated by dividing loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred for the current accident 

year by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(6)  The prior accident year loss ratio is calculated by dividing the change in loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred for prior 

accident years by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(7)  The net underwriting expense ratio is calculated by dividing underwriting and certain other operating costs, commissions and 

salaries, and benefits by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(8)  The net dividend ratio is calculated by dividing policyholder dividends by the current year’s net premiums earned. 
(9)  The net combined ratio is the sum of the net loss ratio, the net underwriting expense ratio and the net dividend ratio. 
(10)  We adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), in the first quarter of 2019.  We elected the new transition method under the 

transition guidance within the new standard. Therefore, prior comparative periods are not adjusted. 

37 

 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
     
     
       
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our 
consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 8 of this report. This discussion includes forward-looking 
statements that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in Item 1A of this report. These factors could cause our 
actual results in 2021 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, those forward-looking statements. 

Overview 

AMERISAFE is a holding company that markets and underwrites workers’ compensation insurance through its insurance 
subsidiaries. Workers’ compensation insurance covers statutorily prescribed benefits that employers are obligated to provide to their 
employees who are injured in the course and scope of their employment. Our business strategy is focused on providing this coverage 
to small to mid-sized employers engaged in hazardous industries, principally construction, trucking, logging and lumber, 
manufacturing, agriculture, maritime, and oil and gas. Employers engaged in hazardous industries pay substantially higher than 
average rates for workers’ compensation insurance compared to employers in other industries, as measured per payroll dollar. The 
higher premium rates are due to the nature of the work performed and the inherent workplace danger of our target employers. 
Hazardous industry employers also tend to have less frequent but more severe claims as compared to employers in other industries due 
to the nature of their businesses. We provide proactive safety reviews of employers’ workplaces. These safety reviews are a vital 
component of our underwriting process and also promote safer workplaces. We utilize intensive claims management practices that we 
believe permit us to reduce the overall cost of our claims. In addition, our audit services ensure that our policyholders pay the 
appropriate premiums required under the terms of their policies and enable us to monitor payroll patterns that cause underwriting, 
safety or fraud concerns. We believe that the higher premiums typically paid by our policyholders, together with our disciplined 
underwriting and safety, claims and audit services, provide us with the opportunity to earn attractive returns for our shareholders. 

We actively market our insurance in 27 states through independent agencies, as well as through our wholly owned insurance 

agency subsidiary. We are also licensed in an additional 20 states, the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 

Two of the key financial measures that we use to evaluate our performance are return on average equity and growth in book value 

per share adjusted for dividends paid to shareholders. We calculate return on average equity by dividing annual net income by the average 
of annual shareholders’ equity. Our return on average equity was 19.9% in 2020, 22.1% in 2019 and 17.2% in 2018. We calculate book 
value per share by dividing ending shareholders’ equity by the number of common shares outstanding. Our book value per share was 
$22.70 at December 31, 2020, $22.29 at December 31, 2019 and $21.26 at December 31, 2018.   We paid cash dividends of $4.58 per 
share in 2020, $4.50 per share in 2019 and $4.38 per share in 2018. 

Investment income is an important element of our net income. Because the period of time between our receipt of premiums and 

the ultimate settlement of claims is often several years or longer, we are able to invest cash from premiums for significant periods of 
time. As a result, we are able to generate more investment income from our premiums as compared to insurance companies that 
operate in other lines of business that pay claims more quickly. At December 31, 2020, our investment portfolio, including cash and 
cash equivalents, was $1.2 billion and produced net investment income of $29.4 million in 2020, $32.5 million in 2019 and $30.5 
million in 2018. 

The use of reinsurance is an important component of our business strategy. We purchase reinsurance to reduce our net liability 

on individual risks and to protect against catastrophic losses.  Our reinsurance program for 2021 includes 15 reinsurers that provide 
coverage to us in excess of a certain specified loss amount, or retention level. Our 2021 reinsurance program provides us with 
reinsurance coverage for each loss occurrence up to $70.0 million, subject to applicable limitations, deductibles, retentions and 
aggregate limits. However, for any loss occurrence involving only one claimant, our reinsurance coverage is limited to $10.0 million, 
subject to applicable deductibles, retentions and aggregate limits.  Losses in the layer between $2.0 million and $10.0 million are 
ceded to a multi-year reinsurance treaty with an aggregate annual deductible of approximately $9.1 million and an aggregate limit of 
coverage of approximately $27.3 million for 2021. As losses are incurred and recorded, we record amounts recoverable from 
reinsurers for the portion of the losses ceded to our reinsurers. 

Our most significant balance sheet liability is our reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses. We record reserves for estimated 
losses under insurance policies that we write and for loss adjustment expenses related to the investigation and settlement of claims. Our 
reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated cost of all reported and unreported loss and loss adjustment 
expenses incurred and unpaid at any given point in time based on known facts and circumstances. Reserves are based on estimates of the 
most likely ultimate cost of individual claims. These estimates are inherently uncertain. In addition, there are no policy limits on the 
liability for workers’ compensation claims as there are for other forms of insurance. Therefore, estimating reserves for workers’ 
compensation claims may be more uncertain than estimating reserves for other types of insurance claims with shorter or more definite 
periods between occurrence of the claim and final determination of the loss and with policy limits on liability for claim amounts. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
Our focus on providing workers’ compensation insurance to employers engaged in hazardous industries results in our receiving 

relatively fewer but more severe claims than many other workers’ compensation insurance companies. Severe claims, which we define 
as claims having an estimated ultimate cost of more than $1.0 million, usually have a material effect on each accident year’s loss 
reserves (and our reported results of operations) as a result of both the number of severe claims reported in any year and the timing of 
claims in the year. As a result of our focus on higher severity, lower frequency business, our reserve for loss and loss adjustment 
expenses may have greater volatility than other workers’ compensation insurance companies. 

For example, for the five-year period ended December 31, 2020 we had recorded 77 severe claims, or an average of 15 severe 
claims per year for accident years 2016 through 2020. The number of severe claims in any one accident year in this five-year period 
ranged from a low of 13 in 2016 to a high of 18 in 2020. The average reported case severity for these claims ranged from $2.3 million 
for the 2018 accident year to $3.1 million for the 2019 accident year. For the five accident years, the case incurred for these severe 
claims accounted for an average of 13.0 percentage points of our overall loss and loss adjustment expense, or LAE, ratio, measured at 
December 31, 2020. 

Further, the ultimate cost of severe claims is more difficult to estimate, principally due to uncertainties as to medical treatment 
and outcome and the length and degree of disability. Because of these uncertainties, the estimate of the ultimate cost of severe claims 
can vary significantly as more information becomes available. As a result, at year end, the case reserve for a severe claim reported 
early in the year may be more accurate than the case reserve established for a severe claim reported late in the year. 

A key assumption used by management in establishing loss reserves is that average per claim case incurred loss and loss 

adjustment expenses will increase year over year. We believe this increase primarily reflects medical and wage inflation and 
utilization. However, changes in per average claim case incurred loss and loss adjustment expenses can also be affected by frequency 
of severe claims in the applicable accident years. 

As more fully described in “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report, the estimate for loss and loss adjustment 
expenses is established based upon management’s analysis of historical data, and factors and trends derived from that data, including 
claims reported, average claim amount incurred, case development, duration, severity and payment patterns, as well as subjective 
assumptions. This analysis includes reviews of case reserves for individual open severe claims in the current and prior years. 
Management reviews the outcomes from actuarial analyses to confirm the reasonableness of its reserve estimate. 

Substantial judgment is required to determine the relevance of our historical experience and industry information under current 

facts and circumstances. The interpretation of this historical and industry data can be impacted by external forces, principally 
frequency and severity of unreported claims, length of time to achieve ultimate settlement of claims, utilization, inflation in medical 
costs and wages, insurance policy coverage interpretations, jury determinations and legislative changes. Accordingly, our reserves 
may prove to be inadequate to cover our actual losses. If we change our estimates, these changes would be reflected in our results of 
operations during the period in which the changes occurred, with increases in our reserves resulting in decreases in our earnings. 
Additional information regarding our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses and the actuarial methods and other factors used 
in establishing these reserves can be found under the caption “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. 

Our gross reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $760.6 million, $772.9 
million and $798.4 million, respectively. As a percentage of gross reserves at year end, IBNR represented 16.8% in 2020, 17.6% in 
2019 and 20.1% in 2018. 

In 2020, we decreased our estimates for prior year loss reserves by $63.5 million. In 2019, we decreased our estimates for prior 

year loss reserves by $65.0 million. In 2018, we decreased our estimates for prior year loss reserves by $45.6 million. 

The workers’ compensation insurance industry is cyclical in nature and influenced by many factors, including price competition, 

medical cost increases, natural and man-made disasters, changes in interest rates, changes in state laws and regulations, and general 
economic conditions. A hard market in our industry is characterized by decreased competition that results in higher premium rates, 
more restrictive policy coverage terms, and lower commissions paid to agencies. In contrast, a soft market is characterized by 
increased competition that results in lower premium rates, expanded policy coverage terms, and higher commissions paid to agencies. 
Our strategy is to focus on maintaining underwriting profitability throughout the cycle. 

For additional information regarding our loss reserves and the analyses and methodologies used by management to establish 

these reserves, see the information under the caption “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. 

39 

 
 
 
 
Principal Revenue and Expense Items 

Our revenues consist primarily of the following: 

Net Premiums Earned. Net premiums earned is the earned portion of our net premiums written. Net premiums written is equal to 
gross premiums written less premiums ceded to reinsurers. Gross premiums written includes the estimated annual premiums from each 
insurance policy we write in our voluntary and assigned risk businesses during a reporting period based on the policy effective date or 
the date the policy is bound, whichever is later. 

Premiums are earned on a daily pro rata basis over the term of the policy. At the end of each reporting period, premiums written 

that are not earned are classified as unearned premiums and are earned in subsequent periods over the remaining term of the policy. 
Our insurance policies typically have a term of one year. Thus, for a one-year policy written on July 1, 2020 for an employer with 
constant payroll during the term of the policy, we would earn half of the premiums in 2020 and the other half in 2021. On a monthly 
basis, we also recognize net premiums earned from mandatory pooling arrangements. 

We estimate the annual premiums to be paid by our policyholders when we issue the policies and record those amounts on our 
balance sheet as premiums receivable. We conduct premium audits on all of our voluntary business policyholders annually, upon the 
expiration of each policy, including when the policy is renewed. The purpose of these audits is to verify that policyholders have 
accurately reported their payroll expenses and employee job classifications, and therefore have paid us the premium required under the 
terms of the policies. The difference between the estimated premium and the ultimate premium is referred to as “earned but unbilled” 
premium, or EBUB premium. EBUB premium is subject to significant variability and can either increase or decrease earned premium 
based upon several factors, including changes in premium growth, industry mix and economic conditions. Due to the timing of audits 
and other adjustments, the ultimate premium earned is generally not determined for several months after the expiration of the policy. 

We review the estimate of EBUB premiums on a quarterly basis using historical data and applying various assumptions based 
on the current market and economic conditions, and we record an adjustment to premium, related losses, and expenses as warranted. 

Net Investment Income and Net Realized Gains and Losses on Investments. We invest our statutory surplus funds and the funds 
supporting our insurance liabilities in fixed maturity securities, equity securities and alternative investments. In addition, a portion of 
these funds are held in cash and cash equivalents to pay current claims. Our net investment income includes interest and dividends earned 
on our invested assets and amortization of premiums and discounts on our fixed maturity securities. We assess the performance of our 
investment portfolio using a standard tax equivalent yield metric. Investment income that is tax-exempt is increased by our marginal 
federal tax rate to express yield on tax-exempt securities on the same basis as taxable securities. Net realized gains and losses on our 
investments are reported separately from our net investment income. Net realized gains occur when our investment securities are sold for 
more than their cost or amortized cost, as applicable. Net realized losses occur when our investment securities are sold for less than their 
cost or amortized cost, as applicable, or are written down as a result of other-than-temporary impairment. We classify the majority of our 
fixed maturity securities as held-to-maturity. The remainder of our fixed maturity securities are classified as available-for-sale. Net 
unrealized gains or losses on our securities classified as available-for-sale are reported separately within accumulated other 
comprehensive income on our balance sheet.  Changes in net unrealized gains or losses on our equity securities are recognized in net 
income.  

Fee and Other Income. We recognize commission income earned on policies issued by other carriers that are sold by our wholly 

owned insurance agency subsidiary as the related services are performed. We also recognize a small portion of interest income from 
mandatory pooling arrangements in which we participate. 

Our expenses consist primarily of the following: 

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred represents our largest expense item 

and, for any given reporting period, includes estimates of future claim payments, changes in those estimates from prior reporting 
periods and costs associated with investigating, defending, and administering claims. These expenses fluctuate based on the amount 
and types of risks we insure. We record loss and loss adjustment expenses related to estimates of future claim payments based on case-
by-case valuations and statistical analyses. We seek to establish all reserves at the most likely ultimate exposure based on our 
historical claims experience. It is typical for our more serious claims to take several years to settle and we revise our estimates as we 
receive additional information about the condition of the injured employees. Our ability to estimate loss and loss adjustment expenses 
accurately at the time of pricing our insurance policies is a critical factor in our profitability. Additional information regarding our 
reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses and the actuarial methods and other factors used in establishing these reserves can be 
found under the caption “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. 

40 

 
 
Underwriting and Certain Other Operating Costs. Underwriting and certain other operating costs are those expenses that we 

incur to underwrite and maintain the insurance policies we issue. These expenses include state and local premium taxes and fees and 
other operating costs, offset by commissions we receive from reinsurers under our reinsurance treaty programs. We pay state and local 
taxes, licenses and fees, assessments, and contributions to state workers’ compensation security funds based on premiums. In addition, 
other operating costs include general and administrative expenses, excluding commissions and salaries and benefits, incurred at both 
the insurance company and corporate level. 

Commissions. We pay commissions to our subsidiary insurance agency and to the independent agencies that sell our insurance 

based on premiums collected from policyholders. 

Salaries and Benefits. We pay salaries and provide benefits to our employees. 

Policyholder Dividends. In limited circumstances, we pay dividends to policyholders in particular states as an underwriting 

incentive. 

Income Tax Expense. We incur federal, state, and local income tax expense. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

Understanding our accounting policies is key to understanding our financial statements. Management considers some of these 

policies to be very important to the presentation of our financial results because they require us to make significant estimates and 
assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of our assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related 
disclosures. Some of the estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex and, consequently, actual results in future 
periods might differ from these estimates. 

Management believes that the most critical accounting policies relate to the reporting of reserves for loss and loss adjustment 

expenses, including losses that have occurred but have not been reported prior to the reporting date, amounts recoverable from 
reinsurers, premiums receivable, assessments, deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred income taxes, credit losses on investment 
securities and share-based compensation. 

The following is a description of our critical accounting policies. 

Reserves for Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses. We record reserves for estimated losses under insurance policies that we write 

and for loss adjustment expenses, which include defense and cost containment, or DCC, and adjusting and other, or AO expenses, 
related to the investigation and settlement of policy claims. Our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated 
cost of all reported and unreported loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred and unpaid at any given point in time based on known 
facts and circumstances. 

Our reserves for loss and DCC expenses are estimated using case-by-case valuations based on our estimate of the most likely 

outcome of the claim at that time. In addition to these case reserves, we establish reserves on an aggregate basis that have been 
incurred but not reported, or IBNR. Our IBNR reserves are also intended to provide for aggregate changes in case incurred amounts as 
well as for recently reported claims which an initial case reserve has not been established. The third component of our reserves for loss 
and loss adjustment expenses is our AO reserve. Our AO reserve is established for those future claims administration costs that cannot 
be allocated directly to individual claims. The final component of our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses is the reserve for 
mandatory pooling arrangements. 

In establishing our reserves, we review the results of analyses using actuarial methods that utilize historical loss data from our 

more than 35 years of underwriting workers’ compensation insurance. The actuarial analysis of our historical data provides the factors 
we use in estimating our loss reserves. These factors are primarily measures over time of the number of claims paid and reported, 
average paid and incurred claim amounts, claim closure rates and claim payment patterns. In evaluating the results of our analyses, 
management also uses substantial judgment in considering other factors that are not considered in these actuarial analyses, including 
changes in business mix, claims management, regulatory issues, medical trends, employment and wage patterns, insurance policy 
coverage interpretations, judicial determinations and other subjective factors. Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these 
estimates, and the cost of incurred but unreported claims, our actual liabilities may vary significantly from our original estimates. 

41 

 
 
On a quarterly basis, we review our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses to determine whether adjustments are 
required. Any resulting adjustments are included in the results for the current period. In establishing our reserves, we do not use loss 
discounting, which would involve recognizing the time value of money and offsetting estimates of future payments by future expected 
investment income. Additional information regarding our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses and the actuarial methods and 
other factors used in establishing these reserves can be found under the caption “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. 

Amounts Recoverable from Reinsurers. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers represent the portion of our paid and unpaid loss 

and loss adjustment expenses that are assumed by reinsurers and related commissions due from reinsurers. These amounts are 
separately reported on our balance sheet as assets net of an allowance for credit losses and do not reduce our reserves for loss and loss 
adjustment expenses because reinsurance does not relieve us of liability to our policyholders. We are required to pay claims even if a 
reinsurer fails to pay us under the terms of a reinsurance contract. We calculate amounts recoverable from reinsurers based on our 
estimates of the underlying loss and loss adjustment expenses, as well as the terms and conditions of our reinsurance contracts, which 
could be subject to interpretation. In addition, we bear credit risk with respect to our reinsurers, which can be significant because some 
of the unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for which we have reinsurance coverage remain outstanding for extended periods of 
time. 

Premiums Receivable. Premiums receivable represents premium-related balances due from our policyholders based on annual 
premiums for policies written, including surcharges and deposits and adjustments for premium audits, endorsements, cancellations, 
cash transactions and charge offs. The balance is shown net of an allowance for credit losses and includes an estimate for EBUB. The 
EBUB estimate is subject to significant variability and can either increase or decrease premiums receivable and earned premiums 
based upon several factors, including changes in premium growth, industry mix and economic conditions. EBUB assumptions include 
historical development factors, current economic outlook and current trends in particular sectors of our business. 

Assessments. We are subject to various assessments and premium surcharges related to our insurance activities, including 
assessments and premium surcharges for state guaranty funds and second injury funds. Our accrual is based on historical assessments 
as well as updated assessment rates.  Assessments based on premiums are recorded as an expense as premiums are earned and 
generally paid one year after the calendar year in which the policies are written. Assessments based on losses are recorded as an 
expense as losses are incurred and are generally paid within one year of the calendar year in which the claims are paid by us. State 
guaranty fund assessments are used by state insurance oversight agencies to pay claims of policyholders of impaired, insolvent or 
failed insurance companies and the operating expenses of those agencies. Second injury funds are used by states to reimburse insurers 
and employers for claims paid to injured employees for aggravation of prior conditions or injuries. In some states, these assessments 
and premium surcharges may be partially recovered through a reduction in future premium taxes. 

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs. We defer commission expenses, premium taxes and certain marketing, sales, underwriting 

and safety costs that vary with and primarily relate to the successful acquisition of insurance policies. These acquisition costs are 
capitalized and charged to expense ratably as premiums are earned. In calculating deferred policy acquisition costs, these costs are 
limited to their estimated realizable value, which gives effect to the premiums to be earned, anticipated losses and settlement expenses 
and certain other costs we expect to incur as the premiums are earned, less related net investment income. Judgments as to the ultimate 
recoverability of these deferred policy acquisition costs are highly dependent upon estimated future profitability of unearned 
premiums. If the unearned premiums were less than our expected claims and expenses after considering investment income, we would 
reduce the deferred costs. 

Deferred Income Taxes. We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax 

assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributed to differences between the financial statement carrying 
amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates 
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The 
effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from a tax rate change impacts our net income or loss in the reporting period that 
includes the enactment date of the tax rate change. 

In assessing whether our deferred tax assets will be realized, management considers whether it is more likely than not that we 

will generate future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management 
considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and projected future taxable income in making this 
assessment. If necessary, we establish a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more likely than 
not to be realized. 

42 

 
Credit Losses on Investment Securities. Investment securities are recorded on the balance sheet as assets net of an allowance for 
credit losses.  For held-to-maturity fixed income securities, the allowance is based on historical default and recovery rates as published 
by Moody’s analytics for corporate bonds, municipal bonds, and other types of fixed income securities.  For available-for-sale fixed 
income securities, a credit allowance is established if the expected discounted future cash flows no longer exceed the book value of the 
security.   In determining the amount of the credit loss to establish, the Company considers the following factors: 

 

 

 

 

 

The extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis 

Adverse conditions in the security, industry, or geography, including: 

•  Changes in technology 

•  Discontinuation of a segment of business that may affect future earnings 

•  Changes in the quality of the credit enhancement, if any 

Changes in the payment structure of debt security 

Failure of the issuer to make scheduled interest or principal payments 

Any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency 

Share-Based Compensation. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards 

Codification (ASC) Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, we recognize compensation costs for restricted stock, 
performance-based stock and stock option awards over the applicable vesting periods. 

43 

 
Results of Operations 

The table below summarizes certain operating results and key measures we use in monitoring and evaluating our operations. 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

Income Statement Data 
Gross premiums written 
Ceded premiums written 
Net premiums written 

Net premiums earned 
Net investment income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities 
Fee and other income 
Total revenues 

Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred 
Underwriting and certain other operating costs (1) 
Commissions 
Salaries and benefits 
Policyholder dividends 
Provision for investment related credit loss benefit (2) 

Total expenses 
Income before taxes 
Income tax expense 
Net income 

Selected Insurance Ratios 
Current accident year loss ratio (3) 
Prior accident year loss ratio (4) 
Net loss ratio 
Net underwriting expense ratio (5) 
Net dividend ratio (6) 
Net combined ratio (7) 

Balance Sheet Data 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investments 
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
Premiums receivable, net 
Deferred income taxes 
Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Total assets (8) 
Reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Insurance-related assessments 
Shareholders’ equity 

(10,276) 

$ 303,090   $ 333,460   
(8,995 ) 
$ 292,814   $ 324,465   
$ 304,427   $ 332,888   
32,483   
(80 ) 
4,758   
321   
370,370   
176,342   
22,221   
25,010   
27,120   
4,160   
—   
254,853   
115,517   
22,827   
92,690   

29,364  
1,132  
4,204  
350  
339,477  
157,226  
20,834  
23,147  
27,925  
3,453  
(27) 
232,558  
106,919  
20,317  
86,602   $

$

 $  351,696  
(9,344) 
 $  342,352  
 $  350,326  
30,452  
(1,536) 
(2,088) 
599  
377,753  
204,891  
28,981  
26,160  
25,992  
4,148  
—  
290,172  
87,581  
15,949  
71,632  

 $ 

72.5%  
(20.9)%  
51.6%  
23.6%  
1.1%  
76.3%  

72.5 %     
(19.5 )%    
53.0 %     
22.3 %     
1.3 %     
76.6 %     

71.5%
(13.0)%
58.5%
23.2%
1.2%
82.9%

2020 

As of December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

61,757    $

43,813     $ 

105,803     
156,760     
13,665     
17,810     

95,913       
157,953       
17,513       
19,048       

40,344 
  $
    1,088,744      1,125,018        1,125,490 
112,006 
162,478 
21,852 
19,734 
    1,470,855      1,492,906        1,515,931 
798,409 
149,296 
28,258 
409,762  

772,887       
140,873       
22,967       
430,215       

760,561     
129,260     
17,995     
438,816     

(1) 

Includes policy acquisition expenses, and other general and administrative expenses, excluding commissions and salaries and 
benefits, related to insurance operations and corporate operating expenses. 

(2)  We adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), in the first quarter of 2020.  We elected the 

modified retrospective approach.  Therefore, prior comparative periods are not adjusted 

44 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
(3)   The current accident year loss ratio is calculated by dividing loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred for the current accident 

year by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(4)  The prior accident year loss ratio is calculated by dividing the change in loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred for prior 

accident years by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(5)  The net underwriting expense ratio is calculated by dividing underwriting and certain other operating costs, commissions and 

salaries, and benefits by the current year’s net premiums earned. 

(6)  The net dividend ratio is calculated by dividing policyholder dividends by the current year’s net premiums earned. 
(7)  The net combined ratio is the sum of the net loss ratio, the net underwriting expense ratio and the net dividend ratio. 
(8)  We adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), in the first quarter of 2019.  We elected the new transition method under the 

transition guidance within the new standard. Therefore, prior comparative periods are not adjusted. 

Overview of Operating Results 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019  

Gross Premiums Written. Gross premiums written for 2020 were $303.1 million, compared to $333.5 million for 2019, a 
decrease of 9.1%. The decrease was attributable to a $23.6 million decrease in annual premiums on voluntary policies written during 
the period, a $5.9 million decrease in premiums resulting from payroll audits and related premium adjustments for policies written in 
previous periods, and a $0.9 million decrease in annual premiums on assigned risk policies written during the period.  Related 
premium adjustments in 2020 include a $2.2 million decrease in “earned but unbilled”, or EBUB, premium. 

Net Premiums Written. Net premiums written for 2020 were $292.8 million, compared to $324.5 million for 2019, a decrease of 

9.8%. The decrease was primarily attributable to the decrease in gross premiums written. As a percentage of gross premiums earned, 
ceded premiums were 3.3% for 2020 compared to 2.6% for 2019.  The increase in ceded premiums as a percentage of gross premiums 
earned is due to increased pricing for our 2020 reinsurance program.  For additional information, see Item 1, “Business—
Reinsurance”. 

Net Premiums Earned. Net premiums earned for 2020 were $304.4 million, compared to $332.9 million for 2019, a decrease of 

8.5%.  The decrease was attributable to the decrease in net premiums written during the period. 

Net Investment Income. Net investment income in 2020 was $29.4 million, a decrease of 9.6% from the $32.5 million reported 

in 2019.  The decrease was due to lower interest rates on fixed income securities in 2020 compared with 2019.  The pre-tax investment 
yield on our investment portfolio was 2.5% per annum for 2020 versus 2.8% per annum for 2019. The tax-equivalent yield on our 
investment portfolio was 2.9% per annum for 2020, compared to 3.1% per annum for 2019. The tax-equivalent yield is calculated 
using the effective interest rate and the appropriate marginal tax rate.  Average invested assets, including cash and cash equivalents, 
decreased 0.7%, from an average of $1,200.6 million for 2019 to an average of $1,191.7 million for 2020. 

Net Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments. Net realized gains on investments in 2020 totaled $1.1 million, compared to losses of 
$0.1 million in 2019.  In 2020, net realized gains of $1.0 million resulted from the sale of fixed maturity securities classified as available-
for-sale and $0.1 million from redemptions of fixed maturity securities.  In 2019, net realized losses of $0.2 million resulted from 
redemptions of fixed maturity securities offset by $0.1 million of realized gains on the sale of fixed maturity securities classified as 
available-for-sale.   

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Equity Securities.  Net unrealized gains on equity securities in 2020 were $4.2 million compared 

to net unrealized gains of $4.8 million in 2019. 

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Loss and LAE incurred totaled $157.2 million for 2020, compared to $176.3 

million for 2019, a decrease of $19.1 million, or 10.8%. The current accident year losses and LAE incurred were $220.7 million, or 
72.5% of net premiums earned, compared to $241.3 million, or 72.5% of net premiums earned for 2019. We recorded favorable prior 
accident year development of $63.5 million in 2020, compared to $65.0 million in 2019. This is discussed in more detail below in 
“Prior Year Development.” Our net loss ratio was 51.6% for 2020 and 53.0% for 2019. 

Underwriting and Certain Other Operating Costs, Commissions and Salaries and Benefits. Underwriting and certain other 
operating costs, commissions and salaries and benefits for 2020 were $71.9 million, compared to $74.4 million for 2019, a decrease of 
$2.4 million, or 3.3%. This decrease was primarily due to a $1.9 million decrease in commission expense, a $1.1 million decrease in 
travel and travel related items due to the pandemic, and a $0.7 million decrease in insurance related assessments.  The decrease in 
insurance related assessments included a benefit of $5.7 million from the elimination of a state assessment for a second injury trust 
fund in 2020 compared to a benefit of $3.5 million from the elimination of a state assessment for a multiple injury fund in 2019.  The 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
decreases above were partially offset by an increase of $0.8 million in compensation expense due to changes in variable share price 
based incentive compensation and an increase of $0.7 million in accounts receivable write-offs. Our underwriting expense ratio 
increased to 23.6% in 2020 from 22.3% in 2019. 

Income tax expense. Income tax expense for 2020 was $20.3 million, compared to $22.8 million for 2019. The effective tax rate 
also decreased to 19.0% for 2020, compared to 19.8% for 2019. This decrease in the effective tax rate is due to a higher proportion of 
tax-exempt income to underwriting income in 2020 relative to 2019.     

Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018 

Gross Premiums Written. Gross premiums written for 2019 were $333.5 million, compared to $351.7 million for 2018, a 
decrease of 5.2%. The decrease was attributable to a $22.9 million decrease in annual premiums on voluntary policies written during 
the period which was offset by a $5.0 million increase in premiums resulting from payroll audits and related premium adjustments for 
policies written in previous quarters.  Related premium adjustments in 2019 include a $1.0 million increase in “earned but unbilled”, 
or EBUB, premium. 

Net Premiums Written. Net premiums written for 2019 were $324.5 million, compared to $342.4 million for 2018, a decrease of 

5.2%. The decrease was primarily attributable to the decrease in gross premiums written. As a percentage of gross premiums earned, 
ceded premiums were 2.6% for 2019 and 2018. 

Net Premiums Earned. Net premiums earned for 2019 were $332.9 million, compared to $350.3 million for 2018, a decrease of 

5.0%.  The decrease was attributable to the decrease in net premiums written during the period. 

Net Investment Income. Net investment income in 2019 was $32.5 million, an increase of 6.7% from the $30.5 million reported 

in 2018. The pre-tax investment yield on our investment portfolio was 2.8% per annum for 2019 versus 2.6% per annum for 2018. The 
tax-equivalent yield on our investment portfolio was 3.1% per annum for 2019, compared to 3.2% per annum for 2018. The tax-
equivalent yield is calculated using the effective interest rate and the appropriate marginal tax rate.  Average invested assets, including 
cash and cash equivalents, increased 0.5%, from an average of $1,195.1 million for 2018 to an average of $1,200.6 million for 2019. 

Net Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments. Net realized losses on investments in 2019 totaled $0.1 million, compared to losses of 

$1.5 million in 2018.  In 2019, net realized losses of $0.2 million resulted from redemptions of fixed maturity securities offset by $0.1 
million of realized gains on the sale of fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale.  In 2018, net realized losses of $1.1 
million resulted from the sale of equity securities and fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale.   

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Loss and LAE incurred totaled $176.3 million for 2019, compared to $204.9 

million for 2018, a decrease of $28.5 million, or 13.9%. The current accident year losses and LAE incurred were $241.3 million, or 
72.5% of net premiums earned, compared to $250.5 million, or 71.5% of net premiums earned for 2018. We recorded favorable prior 
accident year development of $65.0 million in 2019, compared to $45.6 million in 2018. This is discussed in more detail below in 
“Prior Year Development.” Our net loss ratio was 53.0% for 2019 and 58.5% for 2018. 

Underwriting and Certain Other Operating Costs, Commissions and Salaries and Benefits. Underwriting and certain other 
operating costs, commissions and salaries and benefits for 2019 were $74.4 million, compared to $81.1 million for 2018, a decrease of 
$6.8 million, or 8.4%. This decrease was primarily due to a $6.8 million decrease in insurance related assessments, a $1.2 million 
decrease in commission expense, and a $0.6 million decrease in premium taxes.  The decrease in insurance related assessments 
included a benefit of $3.5 million from the elimination of a state assessment for a multiple injury fund.  The decreases above were 
partially offset by an increase of $1.1 million in compensation expense and an increase of $0.4 million in accounts receivable write-
offs. Our underwriting expense ratio decreased to 22.3% in 2019 from 23.2% in 2018. 

Income tax expense. Income tax expense for 2019 was $22.8 million, compared to $15.9 million for 2018. The effective tax rate 

also increased to 19.8% for 2019, compared to 18.2% for 2018. This increase in the effective tax rate is due to a lower proportion of 
tax-exempt income to underwriting income in 2019 relative to 2018.     

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prior Year Development   

The Company recorded favorable prior accident year loss and loss adjustment expense development of $63.5 million in calendar 

year 2020, $65.0 million in calendar year 2019 and $45.6 million in calendar year 2018. The table below sets forth the favorable 
development for accident years 2015 through 2019 and, collectively, all accident years prior to 2015.  

Favorable/(Unfavorable) Development for Year 
Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in millions) 

2020 

2018 

2019 
2018 
2017 
2016 
2015 
Prior to 2015 
Total net development 

  $

  $

—    $
14.8     
14.5     
8.8     
9.2     
16.2     
63.5    $

—     $ 
—       
9.5       
23.4       
14.5       
17.6       
65.0     $ 

— 
— 
— 
9.1 
17.0 
19.5 
45.6  

The table below sets forth the number of open claims as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, and the numbers of claims 

reported and closed during the years then ended.  

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

2020 

Open claims at beginning of period 
Claims reported 
Claims closed 
Open claims at end of period 

5,053     
4,452     
(4,747)   
4,758     

5,190       
5,452       
(5,589 )     
5,053       

4,982 
5,440 
(5,232)
5,190  

At December 31, 2020, our incurred amounts for certain accident years, particularly 2014 through 2018, developed more 
favorably than management previously expected. Multiple factors can cause loss development both unfavorable and favorable.  The 
favorable loss development we experienced across accident years was largely due to two factors: (1) lower than expected severity of 
injuries in these accident years compared to our original and revised estimates; and (2) favorable case reserve development from 
closed claims and claims where the worker had reached maximum medical improvement.  We believe the favorable case reserve 
development resulted primarily from an intensive claims management focus with the Company actively seeking to settle claims, 
leading to favorable development. 

The assumptions we used in establishing our reserves for these accident years were based on our historical claims data. 
However, as of December 31, 2020, actual results for these accident years have been better than our assumptions would have 
predicted. We do not presently intend to modify our assumptions for establishing reserves in light of recent results. However, if actual 
results for current and future accident years are consistent with, or different than, our results in these recent accident years, our 
historical claims data will reflect this change and, over time, will impact the reserves we establish for future claims. 

Our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses are inherently uncertain and our focus on providing workers’ compensation 

insurance to employers engaged in hazardous industries results in our receiving relatively fewer but more severe claims than many 
other workers’ compensation insurance companies. As a result of this focus on higher severity, lower frequency business, our reserve 
for loss and loss adjustment expenses may have greater volatility than other workers’ compensation insurance companies. Additional 
information regarding our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses and the actuarial methods and other factors used in 
establishing these reserves can be found under the caption “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Our principal sources of operating funds are premiums, investment income, and proceeds from maturities of investments. Our 

primary uses of operating funds include payments for claims and operating expenses. We pay claims, operating expenses and 
shareholder dividends using cash flow from operations and invest our excess cash in fixed maturity and equity securities. We expect 
that our projected cash flow from operations will provide us sufficient liquidity to fund future operations, including payment of claims 
and operating expenses and other holding company expenses, for at least the next 18 months. 

We forecast claim payments based on our historical trends. We seek to manage the funding of claim payments by actively 

managing available cash and forecasting cash flows on a short- and long-term basis. Cash payments, net of reinsurance, for claims 

47 

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
   
  
 
  
  
   
    
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
were $179.9 million in 2020, $190.0 million in 2019 and $200.7 million in 2018. We fund claim payments out of cash flow from 
operations, principally premiums, net of amounts ceded to our reinsurers, and net investment income. Our investment portfolio at 
December 31, 2020 was $1.2 billion. 

As discussed above under “Overview,” We purchase reinsurance to reduce our net liability on individual risks and to protect 

against catastrophic losses. Based on our estimates of future claims, we believe we are sufficiently capitalized to satisfy the 
deductibles and retentions in our 2021 reinsurance program. We reevaluate our reinsurance program at least annually, taking into 
consideration a number of factors, including cost of reinsurance, our liquidity requirements, operating leverage and coverage terms. 

Even if we maintain our existing retention levels, if the cost of reinsurance increases, our cash flow from operations would 

decrease as we would cede a greater portion of our written premiums to our reinsurers. Conversely, our cash flow from operations 
would increase if the cost of reinsurance declined relative to our retention. 

In December 2019, the Company commuted reinsurance agreements with Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited 

(“Hannover”) covering portions of accident years 2009 through 2011.  The Company received an $8.5 million payment effectuated 
solely through offset against the balance of the funds withheld and recoverable from reinsurers accounts under the reinsurance 
agreements in exchange for releasing Hannover from their reinsurance obligations under the commuted agreements.  Hannover 
remains obligated to the subsidiaries of the Company under other reinsurance agreements. There was no effect on the Company’s net 
income in the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the commutation. 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $63.4 million in 2020, as compared to $78.8 million in 2019, and $98.3 million in 
2018. The decline in operating cash flow has been primarily due to lower premiums collected as loss cost rates have declined in most 
states over the past several years.  Major components of cash provided by operating activities in 2020 were net premiums collected of 
$294.4 million, investment income collected of $38.0 million, and a $7.9 million decrease in amounts held by others.  These increases 
were offset in-part by claim payments of $179.1 million, $69.4 million of operating expenditures, federal taxes paid of $20.6 million, 
and dividends to policyholders paid of $4.9 million. 

Major components of cash provided by operating activities in 2019 were net premiums collected of $329.0 million and 

investment income collected of $41.6 million.  These increases were offset in-part by claim payments of $189.8 million, $75.9 million 
of operating expenditures, federal taxes paid of $20.9 million, and dividends to policyholders paid of $3.5 million. 

Major components of cash provided by operating activities in 2018 were net premiums collected of $354.0 million and 

investment income collected of $41.7 million.  These increases were offset in-part by claim payments of $200.5 million, $74.2 million 
of operating expenditures, federal taxes paid of $11.2 million, a $7.9 million increase in amounts held by others, and dividends to 
policyholders paid of $2.9 million. 

Net cash provided by investing activities was $43.4 million in 2020, as compared to net cash provided by investing activities of 

$11.7 million in 2019 net cash used in investing activities of $29.1 million in 2018. In 2020, major components of net cash provided 
by investing activities included proceeds from sales and maturities of investments of $365.2 million, offset by investment purchases of 
$320.9 million.   

In 2019, major components of net cash provided by investing activities included proceeds from sales and maturities of 

investments of $358.6 million, offset by investment purchases of $345.9 million.   

In 2018, major components of net cash used in investing activities included investment purchases of $368.3 million and net 

purchases of furniture, fixtures and equipment of $1.1 million, offset by proceeds from sales and maturities of investments of $340.2 
million. 

Net cash used in financing activities was $88.8 million in 2020, as compared to $87.0 million in 2019 and $84.4 million in 2018.  
Major components of cash used in financing activities in 2020 included cash used for dividends paid to shareholders of $88.8 million.   

Major components of cash used in financing activities in 2019 and 2018 included cash used for dividends paid to shareholders of 

$87.0 million and $84.5 million, respectively.     

The Company has a line of credit agreement with Frost Bank for borrowings up to a maximum of $20.0 million. Under the 

agreement, advances may be made either in the form of loans or letters of credit. Borrowings under the agreement accrue at interest 
rates based upon prime rate or LIBOR (or equivalent) and are unsecured.  Under the agreement, the Company pays a fee of 0.25% on 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the unused portion of the loan in arrears quarterly, for a fee of $50,000 annually.  At December 31, 2020, there were no outstanding 
borrowings.  Unless renewed, the agreement will expire in December 2022. 

The Board of Directors initially authorized the Company’s share repurchase program in February 2010. In October 2016, the 

Board reauthorized this program with no expiration date. As of December 31, 2020, we had repurchased a total of 1,258,250 shares of 
our outstanding common stock for $22.4 million. The Company had $25.0 million available for future purchases at December 31, 
2020 under this program. There were no share repurchases in 2020, 2019 or 2018. The purchases may be effected from time to time 
depending upon market conditions and subject to applicable regulatory considerations. It is anticipated that future purchases will be 
funded from available capital. 

AMERISAFE is a holding company that transacts business through its operating subsidiaries, including AIIC, SOCI and 
AIICTX. AMERISAFE’s primary assets are the capital stock of these insurance subsidiaries. The ability of AMERISAFE to fund its 
operations depends upon the surplus and earnings of its subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to AMERISAFE. Payment of 
dividends by our insurance subsidiaries is restricted by state insurance laws, including laws establishing minimum solvency and 
liquidity thresholds. Based upon the prescribed calculation, the insurance subsidiaries could pay to AMERISAFE dividends of up to 
$83.4 million in 2021 without seeking regulatory approval. See “Business—Regulation—Dividend Limitations” in Item 1 of this 
report. 

The Company paid regular quarterly cash dividends of $0.27, $0.25, $0.22 per share in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  In 

addition, the Company paid extraordinary cash dividends of $3.50 per share in 2020, 2019, and 2018.  

On February 23, 2021, the Company declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.29 per share payable on March 26, 2021 to 

shareholders of record as of March 12, 2021.  The Board intends to continue to consider the payment of a regular cash dividend each 
calendar quarter.  On an annualized basis, the cash dividend is expected to be $1.16 per share in 2021. 

Investment Portfolio 

The principal objectives of our investment portfolio are to preserve capital and surplus and to maintain appropriate liquidity for 

corporate requirements. Additional objectives are to support our A.M. Best rating of “A” (Excellent) and to maximize after-tax 
income and total return. We presently expect to maintain sufficient liquidity from funds generated by operations to meet our 
anticipated insurance obligations and operating and capital expenditure needs. Excess funds from operations will be invested in 
accordance with our investment policy and statutory requirements. 

We allocate our portfolio into four categories: cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, fixed maturity securities and 

equity securities. Cash and cash equivalents include cash on deposit, money market funds and municipal securities, corporate 
securities and certificates of deposit with an original maturity of less than 90 days. Short-term investments include municipal 
securities, corporate securities and certificates of deposit with an original maturity greater than 90 days but less than one year. Our 
fixed maturity securities include obligations of the U.S. Treasury or U.S. agencies, obligations of states and their subdivisions, 
U.S. Dollar-denominated obligations of the U.S. or Canadian corporations, U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities, 
commercial mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. 

Under Nebraska and Texas law, as applicable, each of AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX is required to invest only in securities that are 
either interest-bearing, interest-accruing or eligible for dividends, and must limit its investment in the securities of any single issuer, 
other than direct obligations of the United States, to five percent of the insurance company’s assets. As of December 31, 2020, we 
were in compliance with these requirements. 

We employ diversification policies and balance investment credit risk and related underwriting risks to minimize our total 

potential exposure to any one business sector or security. 

As of December 31, 2020, our investment portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents, totaled $1.2 billion, a decrease of 1.6% 

from December 31, 2019. The majority of our fixed maturity securities are classified as held-to-maturity, as defined by FASB ASC 
Topic 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities. As such, the reported book value of those securities is equal to their amortized 
cost net of allowance for credit losses and does not fluctuate based on changing interest rates. The remainder of our fixed maturity 
securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair market value, less an allowance for credit losses, if any.  Investments 
in equity securities are reported at fair market value. 

We follow FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a fair value 

hierarchy and requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when 
measuring fair value. As disclosed in Note 18 of the financial statements, our securities available-for-sale are classified using Level 1, 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 and 3 inputs. We did not elect the fair value option prescribed under FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, for any financial 
assets in 2019 or 2020. 

The composition of our investment portfolio, including cash and cash equivalents, as of December 31, 2020 is shown in the 

following table.  

Carrying 
Value

Percentage 
of Portfolio    

Effective 
Interest Rate   

  (in thousands)      

Fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity: 

State and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. 
   Government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 

Total fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity 

Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale: 

State and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. 
   Government agencies 

Total fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale 

Equity securities 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total Investments, including cash and cash equivalents 

  $

494,332    
69,756    
7,261    

13,626    
155    
585,130    

276,542    
88,899    
19,052    

29,786    
414,279    
43,437    
45,898    
61,757    
  $ 1,150,501    

43.0 %     
6.1 %     
0.6 %     

1.2 %     
0.0 %     
50.9 %     

24.0 %     
7.7 %     
1.7 %     

2.6 %     
36.0 %     
3.7 %     
4.0 %     
5.4 %     
100.0 %     

2.7%
3.1%
3.9%

1.2%
2.0%
2.7%

3.0%
3.1%
2.2%

1.8%
2.9%
2.6%
0.2%
0.1%
2.5%

The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of fixed income securities by the length of time that 

individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.  

December 31, 2020: 

Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale 

December 31, 2019: 

Fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity 
Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale 

Less Than Twelve Months 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair 
Value

Twelve Months or Longer 

Fair 
Value 

Unrealized 
Losses

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

4,648  $

(5)  $ 

—    $

21,074  $
23,573 

(193)  $ 
(122)    

3,311    $
18,220   

— 

(13)
(43)

During 2020 and 2019, the Company had no impairment losses recognized for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value of 

our investments.  

The pre-tax investment yield on our investment portfolio was 2.5% and 2.8% per annum during the twelve months ended 

December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments 

We manage risk on certain long-duration claims by settling these claims through the purchase of annuities from unaffiliated life 

insurance companies. In the event these companies are unable to meet their obligations under these annuity contracts, we could be 
liable to the claimants, but our reinsurers remain obligated to indemnify us for all or part of these obligations in accordance with the 
terms of our reinsurance contracts. As of December 31, 2020, the present value of these annuities was $99.3 million, as estimated by 
our annuity providers. Substantially all of the annuities are issued or guaranteed by life insurance companies that have an A.M. Best 
rating of “A” (Excellent) or better. For additional information, see Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this 
report. 

50 

 
 
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
   
    
        
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
        
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
 
    
 
  
 
   
    
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
The Company has operating and finance leases for office space and equipment.  Our leases have remaining lease terms of one 

month to 60 months, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years.  The Company, in determining the 
present value of lease payments, utilizes either the rate implicit in the lease if that rate is readily determinable or the Company’s 
incremental secured borrowing rate commensurate with the term of the underlying lease.  

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows: 

Operating leases: 

Operating lease right-of-use assets 

   $ 

314     $

430      Other assets 

   December 31, 2020 

  December 31, 2019 

Balance Sheet Classification 

(in thousands) 

Operating lease liabilities 

Finance leases: 

Finance lease right-of-use assets 
Finance lease accumulated amortization 
   right-of-use assets 

   $ 

   $ 

Property and equipment, net 

   $ 

314     $

365     $

(185)     
180     $

Finance lease liabilities 

   $ 

185     $

 Accounts payable and other 
   liabilities 

430    

185       

(179)      

6     Property and equipment, net 

 Accounts payable and other 
   liabilities 

54    

Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2020, were as follows: 

Year 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Total lease payments 
Less imputed interest 
Total 

   Operating Leases      Finance Leases 

  $

  $

(in thousands) 
136   $ 
120    
75    
6    
—    
337    
23    
314   $ 

44  
39  
39  
39  
39  
200  
15  
185  

Rental expense was $0.2 million in each of  2020, 2019 and 2018. 

The table below provides information with respect to our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020.  

Contractual Obligations 

Loss and loss adjustment expenses (1) 
Loss-based insurance assessments (2) 
Operating lease obligations 
Finance lease obligations 
Purchase obligations 

Total 

Payment Due By Period 

Total 

Less Than 1
Year

1-3 Years 
(in thousands) 

3-5 Years 

More Than 5
Years

  $

  $

760,561    $
9,344     
314     
185     
4,747     
775,151    $

227,096    $
2,790     
123     
39     
2,449     
232,497    $

285,849     $ 
3,512       
191       
108       
2,259       
291,919     $ 

83,304    $
1,023     
—     
38     
39     
84,404    $

164,312 
2,019 
— 
— 
— 
166,331   

(1)  The loss and loss adjustment expense payments due by period in the table above are based upon the loss and loss adjustment 

expense estimates as of December 31, 2020 and actuarial estimates of expected payout patterns and are not contractual liabilities 
as to a time certain. Our contractual liability is to provide benefits under the policy. As a result, our calculation of loss and loss 
adjustment expense payments due by period is subject to the same uncertainties associated with determining the level of loss 
and loss adjustment expenses generally and to the additional uncertainties arising from the difficulty of predicting when claims 

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(including claims that have not yet been reported to us) will be paid. For a discussion of our loss and loss adjustment expense 
process, see “Business—Loss Reserves” in Item 1 of this report. Actual payments of loss and loss adjustment expenses by 
period will vary, perhaps materially, from the amounts shown in the table above to the extent that current estimates of loss and 
loss adjustment expenses vary from actual ultimate claims amounts and as a result of variations between expected and actual 
payout patterns. See “Risk Factors— Risks Related to Our Business—Our loss reserves are based on estimates and may be 
inadequate to cover our actual losses” in Item 1A of this report for a discussion of the uncertainties associated with estimating 
loss and loss adjustment expenses. 

(2)  We are subject to various annual assessments imposed by certain of the states in which we write insurance policies. These 

assessments are generally based upon the amount of premiums written or losses paid during the applicable year. Assessments 
based on premiums are generally paid within one year after the calendar year in which the policies are written, while 
assessments based on losses are generally paid within one year after calendar year in which the loss is paid. When we establish a 
reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses for a reported claim, we accrue our obligation to pay any applicable assessments. 
If settlement of the claim is to be paid out over more than one year, our obligation to pay any related loss-based assessments 
extends for the same period of time. Because our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses are based on estimates, our 
accruals for loss-based insurance assessments are also based on estimates. Actual payments of loss and loss adjustment expenses 
may differ, perhaps materially, from our reserves. Accordingly, our actual loss-based insurance assessments may vary, perhaps 
materially, from our accruals. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial 

condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital 
resources. 

Item  7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

Market risk is the risk of potential economic loss principally arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial 
instruments. The major components of market risk affecting us are credit risk, interest rate risk, and equity price risk. We currently 
have no exposure to foreign currency risk. 

Credit Risk 

Credit risk is the potential loss arising principally from adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuers of our fixed 

maturity securities and the financial condition of our reinsurers. 

We address the credit risk related to the issuers of our fixed maturity securities by primarily investing in fixed maturity 
securities that are rated as investment grade by one or more of Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch. We also independently monitor 
the financial condition of all issuers of our fixed maturity securities. To limit our risk exposure, we employ diversification policies that 
limit our credit exposure to any single issuer or business sector. 

We are also subject to credit risk with respect to our reinsurers. Although our reinsurers are obligated to reimburse us to the extent 

we cede risk to them, we are ultimately liable to our policyholders on all risks we have reinsured. As a result, reinsurance contracts do not 
limit our ultimate obligations to pay claims and, in some cases, we might not be able to collect amounts recoverable from our reinsurers. 
We address this credit risk by initially selecting reinsurers with an A.M. Best rating of “A-” (Excellent) or better and by performing, along 
with our reinsurance broker, periodic credit reviews of our reinsurers. If one of our reinsurers suffers a credit downgrade, we may 
consider various options to lessen the risk of asset impairment, including commutation, novation or letters of credit. See “Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7 of this report. 

Interest Rate Risk 

Interest rate risk is the risk that we may incur losses due to adverse changes in interest rates. As of December 31, 2020, we had 

fixed maturity securities with a fair value of $1,035.9 million and a carrying value of $999.4 million. These securities are all subject to 
interest rate risk, but because we classify the majority of our fixed maturity securities as held-to-maturity, changes in interest rates 
have a smaller effect on the carrying value of our portfolio. We manage our exposure to interest rate risk by investing in a portfolio of 
securities with moderate effective duration. At December 31, 2020, the effective duration of the total investment portfolio, including 
cash and short term investments, was 4.0 years. Given the current interest rate environment, the risk to the market value of the 
portfolio from higher rates exceeds the potential benefit to the market value of the portfolio from lower rates. Should we experience a 
significant increase in interest rates, the effect on the carrying value of our portfolio could be substantial. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
The table below summarizes the interest rate risk associated with our fixed maturity securities by illustrating the sensitivity of 
the fair value and carrying value of our fixed maturity securities as of December 31, 2020 to selected hypothetical changes in interest 
rates, and the associated impact on our shareholders’ equity.  The change in carrying value is less than the change in fair value due to 
our held-to-maturity portfolio.   

   $ 

Fair 
Value 

944,947    $
992,587     
1,035,933     
1,077,551     
1,120,835     

Estimated 
Change in 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Change in 

Carrying Value      

(90,986)   $
(43,346)    
—     
41,618     
84,902     

964,147    $ 
982,711      
999,409      
1,015,676      
1,032,662      

(35,262 )    
(16,698 )    
—      
16,267      
33,253      

Hypothetical 
Percentage 
Increase 
(Decrease) in 
Shareholders’ 
Equity

(8.0)%
(3.8)%
0.0%
3.7%
7.6%

Hypothetical Change in Interest Rates 
200 basis point increase 
100 basis point increase 
No change 
100 basis point decrease 
200 basis point decrease 

Equity Price Risk 

Equity price risk is the risk that we may incur losses due to adverse changes in the market prices of the equity securities we hold in 

our investment portfolio. Equity securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded within net income in 2020, 
2019 and 2018.  Accordingly, adverse changes in the market prices of our equity securities result in a decrease in the value of our total 
assets, shareholders’ equity, and net income. In order to minimize our exposure to equity price risk, we independently monitor the 
financial condition of our equity securities, and diversify our investments. In addition, we limit the percentage of equity securities held in 
our investment portfolio to the lesser of 10% of the investment portfolio or 30% of shareholders’ equity. As of December 31, 2020, the 
equity securities in our investment portfolio had a fair value of $43.4 million, representing less than 9.9% of shareholders’ equity on that 
date.  

53 

 
  
  
    
    
    
  
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

Audited Financial Statements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and for the three years in the period ended 

December 31, 2020: 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ...........................................................................................................  
Consolidated Balance Sheets ..........................................................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Income ................................................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ......................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity .......................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .........................................................................................................................................  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ...................................................................................................................................  

Financial Statement Schedules: 
Schedule II. Condensed Financial Information of Registrant .........................................................................................................  
Schedule VI. Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations .....................................................  
Schedules I, III, IV and V are not applicable and have been omitted 

55
57
58
59
60
61
62

95
98

  Page 

54 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of AMERISAFE, Inc. and subsidiaries 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AMERISAFE, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of 
December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity 
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes  and financial statement 
schedules listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the 
consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2020 
and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) 
and our report dated February 26, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to 
be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. 
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to 
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence 
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter  

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was 
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material 
to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the 
critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, 
by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the account or 
disclosure to which it relates.  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description of the 
Matter 

  Valuation of Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense reserves 

  At December 31, 2020, the Company’s reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses (LAE) was $761 

million, which includes Incurred But Not Reported (IBNR) reserves of $128 million.  As discussed in Notes 
1 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the reserve for loss and LAE represents the estimated 
ultimate costs of all reported and unreported losses incurred and unpaid as of the reporting date. There is 
significant uncertainty inherent in determining the ultimate loss and LAE costs which are estimated using 
individual case-base valuations and statistical and actuarial analysis based upon experience for previously 
unreported claims and their ultimate loss and LAE costs. In particular, the estimates are sensitive to loss 
severity and frequency trends, changes in customers, products mix, claims management, regulatory factors, 
medical trends, employment and wage patterns, insurance policy coverage interpretations, and judicial 
determinations, among other factors. 

Auditing management’s IBNR reserve estimate required the involvement of our actuarial specialists and was 
complex and highly judgmental due to the nature of significant assumptions used in the valuation process. 
The IBNR reserve estimate was sensitive to the selection of actuarial methods and assumptions, including the 
adjustment of historical loss severity experience for changes in products, policies, and customer base. 

How We Addressed 
the Matter in Our 
Audit 

  We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over 
the Company’s process for estimating loss and LAE reserves, including, among others controls over the 
review and approval processes that the Company has in place for the methods and assumptions used in 
estimating IBNR reserves. 

To test the recorded IBNR reserves, with the assistance of our actuarial specialists, we evaluated the 
Company’s selection of methods and assumptions, including loss severity, against those used in prior periods 
and used in the industry for similar types of insurance. We also considered changes to employment and wage 
patterns and the Company’s customers, product mix, and claims management. We involved our actuarial 
specialist to independently calculated a range of reasonable loss and LAE reserve estimates and compared 
this range to the Company’s recorded loss and LAE reserve. We also performed a review of the development 
of prior years’ reserve estimates. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1993. 

Philadelphia, PA 

February 26, 2021 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(in thousands, except share data) 

Assets 
Investments: 

Fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity, at amortized cost net of allowance 
   for credit losses of $274 and $0 in 2020 and 2019, respectively, 
   (fair value $621,654 and $621,343 in 2020 and 2019, respectively) 
Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale, at fair value 
   (amortized cost $387,665, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2020 
   and amortized cost $425,698, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2019) 
Equity securities, at fair value 
   (cost $35,787 and $24,457 in 2020 and 2019, respectively) 
Short-term investments 

Total investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
   (net of allowance for credit losses of $452 and $0 in 2020 and 2019, respectively) 
Premiums receivable 
   (net of allowance for credit losses of $4,791 and $5,112 in 2020 and 2019, respectively) 
Deferred income taxes 
Accrued interest receivable 
Property and equipment, net 
Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Other assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity 
Liabilities: 

Reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Amounts held for others 
Policyholder deposits 
Insurance-related assessments 
Federal income tax payable 
Accounts payable and other liabilities 

Total liabilities 
Shareholders’ equity: 

Common stock:  voting—$0.01 par value authorized shares—50,000,000 
   in 2020 and 2019; 20,589,309 and 20,560,833 shares issued and 19,331,059 
   and 19,302,583  shares outstanding in 2020 and 2019, respectively 
Additional paid-in capital 
Treasury stock, at cost (1,258,250 shares in 2020 and 2019) 
Accumulated earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net 

Total shareholders’ equity 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 

See accompanying notes. 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $

585,130      $

599,421 

414,279       

441,146 

43,437       
45,898       
1,088,744       
61,757       

27,903 
56,548 
1,125,018 
43,813 

105,803       

95,913 

156,760       
13,665       
9,274       
6,182       
17,810       
10,860       
1,470,855      $

760,561      $
129,260       
43,402       
41,524       
17,995       
417       
38,880       
1,032,039       

206       
215,316       
(22,370 )     
224,645       
21,019       
438,816       
1,470,855      $

157,953 
17,513 
9,730 
6,331 
19,048 
17,587 
1,492,906 

772,887 
140,873 
37,937 
44,718 
22,967 
3,220 
40,089 
1,062,691 

205 
213,004 
(22,370)
227,165 
12,211 
430,215 
1,492,906   

   $

   $

   $

57 

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
     
 
    
       
 
    
       
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
 
    
       
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
(in thousands, except share data) 

Revenues 
Net premiums earned 
Net investment income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities 
Fee and other income 
Total revenues 
Expenses 
Loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred 
Underwriting and certain other operating costs 
Commissions 
Salaries and benefits 
Policyholder dividends 
Provision for investment related credit loss benefit 
Total expenses 
Income before income taxes 
Income tax expense 
Net income 
Earnings per share 
Basic 
Diluted 
Shares used in computing earnings per share 
Basic 
Diluted 
Extraordinary cash dividends declared per common share 
Cash dividends declared per common share 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

304,427    $ 
29,364      
1,132      
4,204      
350      
339,477      

157,226 
20,834 
23,147 
27,925 
3,453 
(27)
232,558      
106,919      
20,317      
86,602    $ 

332,888    $
32,483     
(80)    
4,758     
321     
370,370     

176,342 
22,221 
25,010 
27,120 
4,160 
— 
254,853     
115,517     
22,827     
92,690    $

350,326 
30,452 
(1,536)
(2,088)
599 
377,753 

204,891 
28,981 
26,160 
25,992 
4,148 
— 
290,172 
87,581 
15,949 
71,632 

4.49    $ 
4.47    $ 

4.82    $
4.80    $

3.73 
3.71 

19,288,996      
19,363,809      
3.50    $ 
1.08    $ 

19,248,657     
19,329,238     
3.50    $
1.00    $

19,208,978 
19,293,082 
3.50 
0.88   

  $

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $

See accompanying notes. 

58 

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
    
    
 
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
      
     
 
   
   
  
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
(in thousands) 

Net income 
Other comprehensive income: 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

  $

86,602    $ 

92,690    $

71,632 

Unrealized gain (loss) on debt securities, net of tax 

Comprehensive income 

  $

8,808      
95,410    $ 

13,043     
105,733    $

(4,243)
67,389   

See accompanying notes. 

59 

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
    
    
 
   
      
     
 
   
  
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
(in thousands, except share data) 

Balance at December 31, 2017 
Impact of adoption of ASU 
   2016-01 
Impact of adoption of ASU 
   2018-02 

Comprehensive income: 

Net income 
Other comprehensive 
   income: 
Change in unrealized 
   gains, net of tax 
Comprehensive income 
Common stock issued 
   upon exercise of options 
Common stock issued 
Share-based compensation 
Dividends to shareholders 
Balance at December 31, 2018 
Impact of adoption of ASU 
   2016-02 
Comprehensive income: 

Net income 
Other comprehensive 
   income: 
Change in unrealized 
   losses, net of tax 
Comprehensive income 
Common stock issued 
   upon exercise of options 
Common stock issued 
Share-based compensation 
Dividends to shareholders 
Balance at December 31, 2019 
Impact of adoption of ASU 
   2016-13 
Comprehensive income: 

Net income 
Other comprehensive 
   income: 
Change in unrealized 
   gains, net of tax 
Comprehensive income 
Common stock issued upon 
   exercise of options 
Common stock issued 
Share-based compensation 
Dividends to shareholders 
Balance at December 31, 2020 

Common Stock 

Treasury Stock 

Shares 

      Amount   

Additional
Paid-In 
Capital

Shares 

  Amounts   

Accumulated 
Earnings 

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss)  

  Total 

    20,504,165     $ 

204    $ 210,081      (1,258,250)   $ (22,370)   $

233,896     $ 

3,612      425,423 

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

615       

(615)    

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

(414 )     

414     

— 

— 

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

71,632       

—     

71,632 

—       
—       

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—       
—       

(4,243)    
—     

(4,243)
67,389 

15,000       
9,065       
—       
—       
    20,528,230     $ 

—     
—     
—     
1     
—     
—     
—     
—     
205    $ 211,431      (1,258,250)   $ (22,370)   $

67     
195     
1,088     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—       
—       
—       
(84,401 )     
221,328     $ 

—     
—     
—     
—     

67 
196 
1,088 
(84,401)
(832)   $ 409,762 

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

(1 )     

—     

(1)

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

92,690       

—     

92,690 

—       
—       

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—       
—       

13,043     

13,043 
—      105,733 

5,000       
27,603       
—       
—       
    20,560,833     $ 

—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
205    $ 213,004      (1,258,250)   $ (22,370)   $

20     
560     
993     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—       
—       
—       
(86,852 )     
227,165     $ 

—     
—     
—     
—     

20 
560 
993 
(86,852)
12,211    $ 430,215 

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

(594 )     

—     

(594)

—       

—     

—     

—     

—     

86,602       

—     

86,602 

—       
—       

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—     
—     

—       
—       

8,808     
—     

8,808 
95,410 

—       
28,476       
—       
—       
    20,589,309     $ 

—     
—     
—     
1     
—     
—     
—     
—     
206    $ 215,316      (1,258,250)   $ (22,370)   $

—     
1,359     
953     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—       
—       
—       
(88,528 )     
224,645     $ 

—     
—     
—     
—     

— 
1,360 
953 
(88,528)
21,019    $ 438,816  

See accompanying notes. 

60 

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
  
       
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
    
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
       
     
     
     
     
       
     
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(in thousands) 

Operating activities 
Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
   activities: 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

  $

86,602    $ 

92,690    $

71,632 

Depreciation 
Net amortization of investments 
Change in investment related allowance for credit losses 
Deferred income taxes 
Net realized (gains) losses on investments 
Net unrealized (gains) losses on equity securities 
Net realized losses on disposal of assets 
Share-based compensation 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

Premiums receivable, net 
Accrued interest receivable 
Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Amounts held by others 
Other assets 
Reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Reinsurance balances 
Amounts held for others and policyholder deposits 
Federal income taxes payable 
Accounts payable and other liabilities 

Net cash provided by operating activities 
Investing activities 

Purchases of investments held-to-maturity 
Purchases of investments available-for-sale 
Purchases of equity securities 
Purchases of short-term investments 
Proceeds from maturities of investments held-to-maturity 
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments available-for-sale 
Proceeds from sales of equity securities 
Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments 
Proceeds from redemptions of other investments 
Purchases of property and equipment 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 
Financing activities 

Proceeds from stock option exercises 
Finance lease purchases 
Dividends to shareholders 

Net cash used in financing activities 
Change in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information 
Income taxes paid 

  $

  $

See accompanying notes. 

61 

1,012      
8,177      
(27)     
1,657      
(1,132)     
(4,204)     
58      
3,296      

1,193      
456      
1,238      
7,856      
(1,230)     
(12,326)     
(11,613)     
(10,333)     
2,271      
(2,803)     
(6,750)     
63,398      

(96,452)     
(73,923)     
(11,330)     
(139,242)     
104,564      
110,700      
—      
149,975      
—      
(921)     
43,371      

—      
(50)     
(88,775)     
(88,825)     
17,944      
43,813      
61,757    $ 

942     
8,659     
—     
872     
80     
(4,758)    
3     
2,351     

4,525     
467     
686     
—     
710     
(25,522)    
(8,423)    
16,093     
(5,528)    
(192)    
(4,831)    
78,824     

(152,133)    
(63,513)    
(4,495)    
(125,763)    
159,702     
114,869     
—     
84,039     
—     
(1,018)    
11,688     

20     
(47)    
(87,016)    
(87,043)    
3,469     
40,344     
43,813    $

996 
10,787 
— 
(1,462)
1,536 
2,088 
— 
2,065 

11,756 
438 
517 
(7,855)
1,873 
26,564 
(7,974)
(21,873)
2,911 
5,173 
(904)
98,268 

(99,330)
(124,128)
(11,459)
(133,355)
99,984 
100,357 
3 
139,865 
130 
(1,126)
(29,059)

67 
— 
(84,491)
(84,424)
(15,215)
55,559 
40,344 

20,562    $ 

20,850    $

11,235   

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
    
    
 
   
      
     
 
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

1. 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Organization 

AMERISAFE, Inc. is an insurance holding company incorporated in the state of Texas. The accompanying consolidated 
financial statements include the accounts of AMERISAFE and its subsidiaries: American Interstate Insurance Company (“AIIC”) and 
its insurance subsidiaries, Silver Oak Casualty, Inc. (“SOCI”) and American Interstate Insurance Company of Texas (“AIICTX”), 
Amerisafe Risk Services, Inc. (“RISK”) and Amerisafe General Agency, Inc. (“AGAI”). AIIC and SOCI are property and casualty 
insurance companies organized under the laws of the state of Nebraska.  AIICTX is a property and casualty insurance company 
organized under the laws of the state of Texas. RISK, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, is a claims and safety service 
company currently servicing only affiliated insurance companies. AGAI, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, is a general 
agent for the Company. AGAI sells insurance, which is underwritten by AIIC, SOCI and AIICTX, as well as by nonaffiliated 
insurance carriers. The assets and operations of AGAI are not significant to that of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. 

The terms “AMERISAFE,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refer to AMERISAFE, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, 

as the context requires. 

The Company provides workers’ compensation insurance for small to mid-sized employers engaged in hazardous industries, 

principally construction, trucking, logging and lumber, manufacturing, agriculture, maritime, and oil and gas. Assets and revenues of 
AIIC and its subsidiaries represent at least 95% of comparable consolidated amounts of the Company for each of 2020, 2019 and 
2018. 

Basis of Presentation 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. 
All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements 
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. The preparation of 
financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported 
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Reclassifications 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. 

Adopted Accounting Guidance 

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall 
(Subtopic 825-10):  Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.  This guidance requires fair value 
measurement for equity investments (not including those that result in consolidation of the investee or use the equity method of 
accounting) and the recognition of changes in fair value to be presented as a component of net income.  The guidance also revises the 
disclosure requirements related to fair value changes of liabilities presented in comprehensive income, eliminates disclosure related to 
the methods and assumptions underlying fair value for financial instruments measured at amortized cost, and simplifies impairment 
assessments for equity investments without readily determinable fair values.  The adoption of this new guidance in the first quarter of 
2018 resulted in an immaterial decrease in net income of $390 thousand or a $0.02 decrease to our diluted earnings per common share.     

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  The new guidance requires a lessee to recognize a lease 

liability and a right of use asset for all leases extending beyond twelve months.  This standard was effective for us beginning in the 
first quarter of 2019. We elected the new transition method under the transition guidance within the new standard. Therefore, prior 
comparative periods were not adjusted.  We also elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, allows us to 
carryforward the historical lease classification.  We made an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease 
liabilities for short-term operating leases. Adoption of the new guidance resulted in the Company recognizing right-of-use assets of 
$0.4 million and lease liabilities of $0.3 million. The cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings was 
minimal. Adoption of this new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as the 
Company does not have any significant leases.  

62 

 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of 

Credit Losses (“CECL”).  The prior guidance delays the recognition of credit losses until a probable loss has occurred.  The new 
guidance requires credit losses for securities measured at amortized cost to be determined using current expected credit loss estimates.  
These estimates are derived from historical, current and reasonable supporting forecasts, including prepayments and estimates, and are 
recorded through a valuation account.  The same method is used for available-for-sale securities, but the valuation account is limited 
to the amount by which the fair value is below amortized cost.   

The Company implemented the new standard using the modified retrospective approach.  Results for reporting periods 
beginning after January 1, 2020 are presented under the new guidance while prior period amounts continue to be reported in 
accordance with previously applicable GAAP.  The Company recorded a net decrease to Retained Earnings of $594 thousand as of 
January 1, 2020, for the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2016-13.  The transition adjustment includes a $243 thousand impact to 
establish a credit loss allowance for held-to-maturity securities.  The remaining $351 thousand of the transition adjustment was due to 
the creation of the reinsurance recoverable credit allowance. 

The Company believes that under the standard there is no current expected credit allowance necessary for U.S. Government 

Securities in its judgment as:  1) Treasury securities typically are the most highly rated securities among rating agencies; 2) Treasury 
securities have a long history of no credit losses; 3) Treasury securities are guaranteed by a sovereign entity (the U.S. Government) 
that can print its own money and whose currency (the U.S. dollar) is the reserve currency. 

The Company believes that under the standard there is no current expected credit allowance necessary for GNMA Securities in 
its judgment as:  1) GNMA securities typically are the most highly rated securities among rating agencies; 2) GNMA securities have a 
long history of no credit losses and payments are explicitly guaranteed by the United States; 3) Underlying mortgage loans for GNMA 
securities are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs; 4) the U.S. 
Government can print its own money to retire GNMA obligations. 

The Company believes that under the standard there is no current expected credit allowance necessary for FNMA or Freddie 
Mac (FHLMC) Securities in its judgment as:  1) These securities typically are among the most highly rated securities among rating 
agencies; 2) There is a long history of no credit losses; 3) Principal and interest payments are guaranteed by the issuing agency;  4) 
There is an explicit guarantee by the U.S. Government that can print its own money and whose currency (the U.S. dollar) is the 
reserve currency. 

The Company researched various options and methodologies and has chosen to use Moody’s default rates and recovery rates for 
our held-to-maturity fixed income securities based on the current credit rating of the security and the time period to the stated maturity 
date.  This is a probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) methodology. 

The credit rating used for held-to-maturity fixed income securities is the rating for each security as published by Moody’s, S&P, 

and Fitch to determine the probability of default.   If there are two ratings, the lower rating is used.  If there are three ratings, the 
median rating is used.  If there is one rating, that rating is used.  This methodology provides additional conservatism in determining 
the credit loss allowance needed. 

For corporate fixed income securities, the probability of default (given a rating) comes from Moody’s annual study of Corporate 

Bond defaults published each February.  This study also contains the average recovery rates based on the historical defaults in the 
Moody’s study.  We have chosen to use the 1983-2019 data as more reflective of the current historical pattern of defaults (the study 
goes back to 1920).  The maximum maturity using the default rate is 20 years (any maturity greater than 20 years will use the 20-year 
rate).   

For municipal fixed income securities the probability of default (given a rating) comes from Moody’s annual study of Municipal 

Bond defaults published each July/August.  This study also contains the average recovery rates based on the historical defaults in the 
Moody’s study.  This study covers 1970-2019 data, which we believe is reflective of the current historical pattern of defaults.  The 
maximum maturity using the default rate is 20 years (any maturity greater than 20 years will use the 20-year rate). 

The Company did not record a credit allowance for available-for-sale securities.  The available-for-sale portfolio is composed of 

highly rated securities, which carry a low risk of default.  The Company’s concentrations in municipal bonds have helped lower 
default risk, as the historical default rates and recovery rates for municipal bonds has been much better than corporate bonds rated at 
the same level.  The Company creates a watch list of available-for-sale securities that are below book value at the end of each quarter.  
This watch list excludes US Treasury securities, GNMA Securities, and government agency securities (FNMA, etc.) as none of those 
securities will have an expected credit loss.  The watch list will also exclude those securities that are trading at least at $95 or above 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

(par value $100) as the Company believes any slight difference between $95 and par likely reflect interest rate changes and liquidity 
only and are not a sign of credit impairment or market expectations for any current expected credit loss.   

The list is reviewed by the Management Investment Committee to evaluate any security where the discounted cash flows 

expected no longer exceed the book value of the security.  If the Company intends to sell the security (or more likely than not be 
required to sell the security before recovery of the loss) the Company will write down the security to fair value through earnings.  If 
the Company intends to hold the security, the Company will establish a credit loss allowance for the security through earnings, and 
adjust the allowance each quarter through earnings, as the security changes in value. 

In determining the amount of the credit loss allowance, the Company will consider all of the following factors: 

1. The extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis 

2. Adverse conditions in the security, industry, or geography, including: 

a.) Changes in technology 

b.) Discontinuation of a segment of business that may affect future earnings 

c.) Changes in the quality of the credit enhancement, if any 

3. Changes in the payment structure of the debt security 

4. Failure of the issuer to make scheduled interest or principal payments 

5. Any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency 

The calculation of the credit loss allowance will not take into account the amount of time the security has been below book 

value or when the security might be expected to recover in value.  

The Company has researched various options and methodologies and has chosen to use Moody’s default rates and recovery rates 

for our unsecured reinsurance recoverables based on the current credit rating of the reinsurer and a time period of ten years.  This is a 
probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) methodology.  The ten-year period is consistent with our current working 
layer reinsurance treaty where we have a three-year treaty, which must be commuted by the end of the tenth year.  We believe this is 
an appropriate approach to our reinsurance recoverables.   

The credit rating used for reinsurance recoverables uses the average rating for each reinsurer as published by Moody’s, S&P, 
Fitch and A.M. Best to determine the probability of default.   The median rating is used if there are three ratings.  The probability of 
default (given a rating) comes from Moody’s annual study of Corporate Bond defaults published each February.  This study also 
contains the average recovery rates based on the historical defaults in the Moody’s study.  We have chosen to use the 1983-2019 data 
as more reflective of the current historical pattern of defaults (the study goes back to 1920).   

The Company does not hold any debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recognized.  

Additionally, the Company does not hold any financial assets purchased with credit deterioration. 

The Company’s internal working group evaluated the existing allowance for doubtful accounts reserving methodology for 

premiums receivable and determined the calculation was consistent with the new credit loss guidance.  There was no impact to the 
premiums receivable balance as a result of the adoption of the new standard. 

The Company has elected not to establish a credit allowance for investment interest receivable.  The Company plans to continue 

use of the current policy for writing off investment related interest receivable balances over ninety days old.   

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Prospective Accounting Guidance 

All other issued but not yet effective accounting and reporting standards as of December 31, 2020 are either not applicable to the 

Company or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company. 

Investments 

The Company has the ability and positive intent to hold certain investments until maturity. Therefore, fixed maturity securities 
classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at amortized cost net of the allowance for credit losses. Fixed maturity securities classified 
as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value. Temporary changes in the fair value of these securities are reported in shareholders’ 
equity as a component of other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes.  Changes in the fair value of equity securities are 
recorded in net income. 

Investment income is recognized as it is earned. The discount or premium on fixed maturity securities is amortized using the 

“constant yield” method. Anticipated prepayments, where applicable, are considered when determining the amortization of premiums 
or discounts. Realized investment gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash equivalents include short-term money market funds with an original maturity of 90 days or less. 

Short-Term Investments 

Short-term investments include municipal securities and corporate bonds with an original maturity greater than 90 days but less 

than one year. 

Premiums Receivable 

Premiums receivable consist primarily of premium-related balances due from policyholders. The Company considers premiums 

receivable as past due based on the payment terms of the underlying policy. The balance is shown net of the allowance for credit 
losses. Receivables due from insureds are charged off when a determination has been made by management that a specific balance 
will not be collected. An estimate of amounts that are likely to be charged off is established as an allowance for credit losses as of the 
balance sheet date. The estimate is primarily comprised of specific balances that are considered probable to be charged off after all 
collection efforts have ceased, as well as historical trends and an analysis of the aging of the receivables. 

Property and Equipment 

The Company’s property and equipment, including certain costs incurred to develop or obtain software for internal use, are 
stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated primarily by the straight-line method over the estimated useful 
lives of the respective assets, generally 39 years for buildings and three to seven years for all other fixed assets. 

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs 

The direct costs of successfully acquiring and renewing business are capitalized to the extent recoverable and are amortized over 

the effective period of the related insurance policies in proportion to premium revenue earned. These capitalized costs consist mainly 
of sales commissions, premium taxes and other underwriting costs. The Company evaluates deferred policy acquisition costs for 
recoverability by comparing the unearned premiums to the estimated total expected claim costs and related expenses, offset by 
anticipated investment income. The Company would reduce the deferred costs if the unearned premiums were less than expected 
claims and expenses after considering investment income, and report any adjustments in amortization of deferred policy acquisition 
costs. There were no adjustments necessary in 2020, 2019 or 2018. 

65 

 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Reserves for Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses 

Reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated ultimate cost of all reported and unreported losses 
incurred through December 31. The Company does not discount loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. In establishing our 
reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses, we review the results of analyses using individual case-base valuations and statistical 
and actuarial methods that utilize historical loss data from our more than 35 years of underwriting workers’ compensation insurance. 
The actuarial analysis of our historical data provides the factors we use in estimating our loss reserves. These factors are primarily 
measures over time of the number of claims paid and reported, average paid and incurred claim amounts, claim closure rates and claim 
payment patterns. In evaluating the results of our analyses, management also uses substantial judgment in considering other factors 
that are not considered in these actuarial analyses, including changes in business mix, claims management, regulatory issues, medical 
trends, employment and wage patterns, insurance policy coverage interpretations, judicial determinations and other subjective factors. 
Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these estimates, and the cost of incurred but unreported claims, our actual liabilities 
may vary significantly from our original estimates. Although considerable variability is inherent in these estimates, management 
believes that the reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses are adequate. The estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted as 
necessary as experience develops or new information becomes known. Any such adjustments are included in income from current 
operations. 

Subrogation recoverables, as well as deductible recoverables from policyholders, are estimated using individual case-basis 
valuations and aggregate estimates. Deductibles that are recoverable from policyholders and other recoverables from state funds 
decrease the liability for loss and loss adjustment expenses. 

The Company funds its obligations under certain settled claims where the payment pattern and ultimate cost are fixed and 
determinable on an individual claim basis through the purchase of annuities. These annuities are purchased from unaffiliated carriers 
and name the claimant as payee. The cost of purchasing the annuity is recorded as paid loss and loss adjustment expenses. To the 
extent the annuity funds estimated future claims, reserves for loss and loss adjustment expense are reduced. 

Premium Revenue 

Premiums on workers’ compensation insurance are based on actual payroll costs or production during the policy term and are 

normally billed monthly in arrears or annually. However, the Company generally requires a deposit at the inception of a policy. 

Premium revenue is earned on a pro rata basis over periods covered by the policies. The reserve for unearned premiums on these 

policies is computed on a daily pro rata basis. 

The Company estimates the annual premiums to be paid by its policyholders when the Company issues the policies and records 

those amounts on the balance sheet as premiums receivable. The Company conducts premium audits on all of its voluntary business 
policyholders annually, upon the expiration of each policy, including when the policy is renewed. The purpose of these audits is to 
verify that policyholders have accurately reported their payroll expenses and employee job classifications, and therefore have paid the 
Company the premium required under the terms of the policies. The difference between the estimated premium and the ultimate 
premium is referred to as “earned but unbilled” premium, or EBUB premium. EBUB premium can be higher or lower than the 
estimated premium. EBUB premium is subject to significant variability and can either increase or decrease earned premium based 
upon several factors, including changes in premium growth, industry mix and economic conditions. Due to the timing of audits and 
other adjustments, ultimate premium earned is generally not determined for several months after the expiration of the policy. 

The Company estimates EBUB premiums on a quarterly basis using historical data and applying various assumptions based on 

the current market and economic conditions, and records an adjustment to premium, related losses, and expenses as warranted. 

Reinsurance 

Reinsurance premiums, losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses are accounted for on a basis consistent with those used in 

accounting for the original policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. 

Amounts recoverable from reinsurers include balances currently owed to the Company for losses and allocated loss adjustment 

expenses that have been paid to policyholders, amounts that are currently reserved for and will be recoverable once the related 
expense has been paid and experience-rated commissions recoverable upon commutation. 

66 

 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Upon management’s determination that an amount due from a reinsurer is uncollectible due to the reinsurer’s insolvency or 

other matters, the amount is written off. 

Ceding commissions are earned from certain reinsurance companies and are intended to reimburse the Company for policy 
acquisition costs related to those premiums ceded to the reinsurers. Ceding commission income is recognized over the effective period 
of the related insurance policies in proportion to premium revenue earned and is reflected as a reduction in underwriting and certain 
other operating costs. 

Experience-rated commissions are earned from certain reinsurance companies based on the financial results of the applicable 

risks ceded to the reinsurers. These commission revenues on reinsurance contracts are recognized during the related reinsurance treaty 
period and are based on the same assumptions used for recording loss and allocated loss adjustment expenses. These commissions are 
reflected as a reduction in underwriting and certain other operating costs and are adjusted as necessary as experience develops or new 
information becomes known. Any such adjustments are included in income from current operations. Experience-rated commissions 
had no impact on underwriting and certain other operating costs in 2020 and 2019 and increased underwriting and certain other 
operating costs by $0.2 million in 2018. 

In December 2019, the Company commuted reinsurance agreements with Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited 

(“Hannover”) covering portions of accident years 2009 through 2011.  The Company received an $8.5 million payment effectuated 
solely through offset against the balance of the funds withheld and recoverable from reinsurers accounts under the reinsurance 
agreements in exchange for releasing Hannover from their reinsurance obligations under the commuted agreements.  Hannover 
remains obligated to the subsidiaries of the Company under other reinsurance agreements. There was no effect on the Company’s net 
income in the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the commutation.   

Fee and Other Income 

The Company recognizes income related to commissions earned by AGAI as the related services are performed. 

Advertising 

All advertising expenditures incurred by the Company are charged to expense in the period to which they relate and are included 

in underwriting and certain other operating costs in the consolidated statements of income. Total advertising expenses incurred were 
$0.2 million in 2020, $0.4 million in 2019, and $0.5 million in 2018. 

Income Taxes 

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method. The provision for income taxes has two components, 
amounts currently payable or receivable and deferred amounts. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred 
income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in 
tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. 

The Company considers deferred tax assets to be recoverable if it is probable that the related tax losses can be offset by future 

taxable income. The Company includes reversal of existing temporary differences, tax planning strategies available and future 
operating income in this assessment. To the extent the deferred tax assets exceed the amount expected to be recovered in future years, 
the Company records a valuation allowance for the amount determined unrecoverable. 

Insurance-Related Assessments 

Insurance-related assessments are accrued in the period in which they have been incurred. The Company is subject to a variety 

of assessments related to insurance commerce, including those by state guaranty funds and workers’ compensation second-injury 
funds. State guaranty fund assessments are used by state insurance oversight agencies to cover losses of policyholders of insolvent or 
rehabilitated insurance companies and for the operating expenses of such agencies.  Assessments based on premiums are generally 
paid one year after the calendar year in which the premium is written, while assessments based on losses are generally paid within one 
year of the calendar year in which the loss is paid. 

67 

 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Policyholder Dividends 

The Company writes certain policies for which the policyholder may participate in favorable claims experience through a 
dividend. An estimated provision for workers’ compensation policyholders’ dividends is accrued as the related premiums are earned. 
Dividends do not become a fixed liability unless and until declared by the respective Boards of Directors of AMERISAFE’s insurance 
subsidiaries. The dividend to which a policyholder may be entitled is set forth in the policy and is related to the amount of losses 
sustained under the policy. Dividends are calculated after the policy expiration. The Company is able to estimate the policyholder 
dividend liability because the Company has information regarding the underlying loss experience of the policies written with dividend 
provisions and can estimate future dividend payments from the policy terms. 

Earnings Per Share 

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) 
Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company applies the treasury stock method in 
computing basic and diluted earnings per share. 

Basic EPS is calculated by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common 
shares outstanding during the period. The diluted EPS calculation includes potential common shares assumed issued under the treasury 
stock method, which reflects the potential dilution that would occur if any outstanding options or warrants were exercised or restricted 
stock becomes vested. 

Share-Based Compensation 

The Company recognizes the impact of its share-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation-

Stock Compensation. All share-based grants are recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period.  The target value of 
long-term incentive awards are recognized as compensation over the performance period. 

2. 

Investments 

Short-term investments held at December 31, 2020 include $30.7 million of U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. 

government agencies, $9.1 million of obligations of states and political subdivisions and $6.1 million of corporate bonds.  Short-term 
investments held at December 31, 2019 include $54.6 million of U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies 
and $1.9 million of obligations of states and political subdivisions. 

The gross unrecognized gains and losses on, and the amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, carrying amount, and fair value 

of, those investments classified as held-to-maturity at December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed 
securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 

Totals 

Amortized
Cost

Allowance 
for Credit 
Losses 

Carrying 
Amount

Gross 
Unrecognized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrecognized
Losses 

Fair 
Value

  $  494,374    $
     69,981     

(42)  $ 494,332    $
69,756     
(225)   

32,489     $ 
3,144       

—    $ 526,821 
72,900 
—     

(in thousands) 

7,261     

—     

7,261     

645       

—     

7,906 

     13,626     
162     
  $  585,404    $

—     
(7)   

13,626     
155     
(274)  $ 585,130    $

239       
7       
36,524     $ 

13,865 
—     
—     
162 
—    $ 621,654  

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
   
   
   
     
   
 
  
  
 
    
    
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the amortized cost and fair value of, those investments classified as available-for-

sale at December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities    
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Totals 

  $

  $

Amortized 
Cost

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses
(in thousands) 

Fair 
Value 

Allowance for 
Credit Losses  

256,492    $
83,646     
18,654     

20,050    $
5,256     
400     

—    $  276,542     $
88,899      
(3)     
19,052      
(2)     

28,873     
387,665    $

913     
26,619    $

—      
29,786      
(5)   $  414,279     $

— 
— 
— 

— 
—  

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the cost of equity securities at December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows: 

Equity securities: 

Domestic common stock 
Total equity securities 

Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

(in thousands) 

Fair 
Value

  $
  $

35,787    $
35,787    $

7,650    $
7,650    $

—      $
—      $

43,437 
43,437  

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the amortized cost and fair value of, those investments classified as held-to-

maturity at December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 

Totals 

Amortized 
Cost

  $

  $

466,270    $
109,241     
10,967     

12,723     
220     
599,421    $

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

(in thousands) 

19,570    $
1,684     
544     

330     
—     
22,128    $

(193 )    $
—        
—        

(12 )      
(1 )      
(206 )    $

Fair 
Value

485,647 
110,925 
11,511 

13,041 
219 
621,343  

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the amortized cost and fair value of, those investments classified as available-for-

sale at December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Totals 

Amortized 
Cost

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair 
Value

  $

225,895    $
130,453     
29,499     

(in thousands) 

11,906    $
3,326     
64     

(26 )    $
(1 )      
(96 )      

237,775 
133,778 
29,467 

39,851     
425,698    $

317     
15,613    $

  $

(42 )      
(165 )    $

40,126 
441,146  

69 

 
  
  
 
   
   
    
    
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
     
     
        
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
  
 
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
 
  
  
 
   
   
   
  
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The gross unrealized gains and losses on, and the cost of equity securities at December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows: 

Equity securities: 

Domestic common stock 
Total equity securities 

Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

(in thousands) 

Fair 
Value

  $
  $

24,457    $
24,457    $

3,446    $
3,446    $

—      $
—      $

27,903 
27,903  

A summary of the carrying amounts and fair value of investments in fixed maturity securities classified as held-to-maturity by 

contractual maturity is as follows: 

December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2019 

Carrying 
Amount

Fair 
Value

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

Maturity: 

Within one year 
After one year through five years 
After five years through ten years 
After ten years 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
Asset-backed securities 

Totals 

  $

  $

54,316  $

195,706 
107,347 
220,345 
7,261 
155 
585,130  $

54,794  $

204,289 
113,643 
240,860 
7,906 
162 
621,654  $

49,967      $
198,025        
110,460        
229,782        
10,967        
220        
599,421      $

50,348 
202,109 
113,877 
243,279 
11,511 
219 
621,343  

A summary of the amortized cost and fair value of investments in fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale by 

contractual maturity is as follows:  

December 31, 2020 
Fair 
Value

Amortized 
Cost

December 31, 2019 
Fair 
Value 

Amortized 
Cost

(in thousands) 

Maturity: 

Within one year 
After one year through five years 
After five years through ten years 
After ten years 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed 
securities 

Totals 

  $

69,177   $
80,593    
53,835    

27,160     $  27,194  
69,938   $
85,829     144,142        146,469  
49,419  
57,829    
    165,406     181,631     177,722        188,597  

47,175       

18,654    

29,467  
  $ 387,665   $ 414,279   $ 425,698     $  441,146  

29,499       

19,052    

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay certain 

obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. 

At December 31, 2020, there were $19.9 million of held-to-maturity investments on deposit with regulatory agencies of states in 

which the Company does business. 

70 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
     
     
        
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
        
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
   
   
    
 
  
 
 
      
       
       
        
 
   
   
   
  
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

A summary of the Company’s realized gains and losses on sales, calls or redemptions of investments for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is 

as follows:  

Fixed 
Maturity 
Securities 
Available-for-
Sale

Equity 
Securities

Other 

Total 

(in thousands) 

Year ended December 31, 2020 

Proceeds from sales 
Gross realized investment gains 
Gross realized investment losses 
Net realized investment gains 
Other, including gains (losses) on calls and redemptions     
  $
Net realized gains on investments 

  $
  $

Year ended December 31, 2019 

Proceeds from sales 
Gross realized investment gains 
Gross realized investment losses 
Net realized investment gains 
Other, including gains (losses) on calls and redemptions     
  $
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 

  $
  $

Year ended December 31, 2018 

Proceeds from sales 
Gross realized investment gains 
Gross realized investment losses 
Net realized investment gains (losses) 
Other, including losses on calls and redemptions 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 

  $
  $

  $

25,436    $
711    $
(14)    
697     
(43)    
654    $

33,113    $
140    $
(68)    
72     
(196)    
(124)   $

15,025    $
238    $
(1,354)    
(1,116)    
(144)    
(1,260)   $

—    $ 
—    $ 
—      
—      
—      
—    $ 

—    $ 
—    $ 
—      
—      
—      
—    $ 

3    $ 
1    $ 
—      
1      
—      
1    $ 

46,959     $
306     $
(4 )    
302      
176      
478     $

21,977     $
36     $
—      
36      
8      
44     $

—     $
—     $
—      
—      
(277 )    
(277 )   $

72,395 
1,017 
(18)
999 
133 
1,132 

55,090 
176 
(68)
108 
(188)
(80)

15,028 
239 
(1,354)
(1,115)
(421)
(1,536)

Major categories of the Company’s net investment income are summarized as follows: 

Gross investment income: 

Fixed maturity securities 
Equity securities 
Short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents 

Total gross investment income 
Investment expenses 
Net investment income 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

28,414    $
1,006     
897     
30,317     
(953)   
29,364    $

30,343     $ 
628       
2,478       
33,449       
(966 )     
32,483     $ 

28,762 
448 
2,208 
31,418 
(966)
30,452  

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities, aggregated by major 

investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position: 

December 31, 2020 

Available-for-Sale 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 

Total available-for-sale securities 

December 31, 2019 

Held-to-Maturity 

States and political subdivisions 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 
Total held-to-maturity securities 
Available-for-Sale 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations 
   of U.S. government agencies 
Total available-for-sale securities 
Total 

$

$

Less Than 12 Months 

12 Months or Greater 

Total 

Fair Value of
Investments
with 
Unrealized 
Losses

Gross 
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value of
Investments
with 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value of
Investments
with 
Unrealized 
Losses

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

(in thousands) 

Gross 
Unrealized
Losses

  $

  $

2,515    $
2,133     
4,648    $

3    $
2     
5    $

—    $
—     
—    $

—     $ 
—       
—     $ 

2,515    $
2,133     
4,648    $

3 
2 
5 

$

21,074    $

193    $

—    $

—     $ 

21,074    $

193 

—     
— 
21,074 

4,140    $
6,426 
13,007 

—     

23,573 
44,647    $

—     
— 
193 

3,243     
68 
3,311 

12       
1       
13       

3,243     
68 
24,385 

26    $
1 
95 

—    $
— 
1,152 

—     $ 
—       
1       

4,140    $
6,426 
14,159 

—     
122 
315    $

17,068     
18,220 
21,531    $

42       
43       
56     $ 

17,068     
41,793 
66,178    $

12 
1 
206 

26 
1 
96 

42 
165 
371  

At December 31, 2020, the Company held 2 individual fixed maturity securities that were in an unrealized loss position, of 

which none were in a continuous unrealized loss position for longer than 12 months. 

The following table illustrates the changes in the allowance for credit losses by major security type of the investments classified 

as held-to-maturity for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

U.S. 
Treasury 
Securities 
and 
Obligations 
of U.S. 
Government 
Agencies 

U.S. Agency-
Based 
Mortgage-
Backed 
Securities 

States and 
Political 
Subdivisions  

Corporate 
Bonds 

Asset-Backed 
Securities 

Totals 

Balance at January 1, 2020 
Provision for credit loss benefit 
Balance at December 31, 2020 

   $ 

   $ 

45    $
(3)    
42    $

245    $
(20)    
225    $

(in thousands) 
—  $
— 
—  $

—   
—   
—   

 $ 

 $ 

11    $
(4)    
7    $

301 
(27)
274   

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The Company has established an allowance for credit losses on 424 held-to-maturity securities totaling $0.3 million as of 
December 31, 2020.  The majority of those securities were states and political subdivisions and corporate bonds at 393 and 28, 
respectively. 

The Company has no allowance for credit losses on investments classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2020.  

During 2019, the Company had no impairment losses recognized for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value of our 
investments. 

The credit rating used for held-to-maturity fixed income securities is the rating for each security as published by Moody’s, S&P, 

and Fitch to determine the probability of default.   If there are two ratings, the lower rating is used.  If there are three ratings, the 
median rating is used.  If there is one rating, that rating is used. For corporate fixed income securities the probability of default (given 
a rating) comes from Moody’s annual study of corporate bond defaults published each February.  The maximum maturity using the 
default rate is 20 years (any maturity greater than 20 years will use the 20-year rate).  For municipal fixed income securities the 
probability of default (given a rating) comes from Moody’s annual study of municipal bond defaults published each July/August. 

The calculation of the credit loss allowance takes the amortized cost of the fixed income security and assumes default and 
recovery based on the average recovery rates from the Moody’s default studies.  The amortized cost of the security, minus the amount 
recovered, is the estimated full amount the Company could lose in a default scenario.  Then this amount is multiplied by the 
probability of default to determine the allowance for credit loss.  The lower the security is rated, the higher likelihood of default, and 
therefore a higher allowance for credit loss.  The longer to the maturity date of a security, the higher the default risk. 

The table below presents the amortized cost of held-to-maturity securities aggregated by credit quality indicator as of 

December 31, 2020. 

U.S. 
Treasury 
Securities 
and 
Obligations 
of U.S. 
Government 
Agencies 

U.S. Agency-
Based 
Mortgage-
Backed 
Securities 

States and 
Political 
Subdivisions  

Corporate 
Bonds 

Asset-Backed 
Securities 

Totals 

  $  490,311    $
4,063     
—     
  $  494,374    $

29,890    $
40,091     
—     
69,981    $

Amortized cost 
(in thousands) 
7,261  $
— 
— 
7,261  $

13,626   
—   
—   
13,626   

 $ 

 $ 

111    $
18     
33     
162    $

541,199 
44,172 
33 
585,404  

AAA/AA/A ratings 
Baa/BBB ratings 
B ratings 
Total 

3. 

Premiums Receivable 

Premiums receivable consist primarily of premium-related balances due from policyholders. The balance is shown net of the 

allowance for credit losses. The components of premiums receivable are shown below: 

Premiums receivable 
Allowance for credit losses 
Premiums receivable, net 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

161,551    $ 
(4,791)     
156,760    $ 

163,065  
(5,112 )
157,953   

73 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
    
 
   
    
 
   
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses:  

Balance, beginning of year 
Provision for credit loss expense 
Write-offs 
Balance, end of year 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 
5,112    $ 
1,278      
(1,599)     
4,791    $ 

5,390  
723  
(1,001 )
5,112   

  $

  $

Included in premiums receivable at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is the Company’s estimate for EBUB premium of $6.3 

million, $8.5 million and $7.5 million, respectively. 

4. 

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs 

Deferred policy acquisition costs represent those costs that are incremental and directly related to the successful acquisition of 

new or the renewal of existing insurance policies.  We defer incremental costs that result directly from, and are essential to, the 
acquisition or renewal of an insurance policy. 

We also defer a portion of employee total compensation costs directly related to time spent performing specific acquisition or 

renewal activities. 

These costs are deferred and expensed over the life of the related policies. Major categories of the Company’s deferred policy 

acquisition costs are summarized as follows:   

Agents’ commissions 
Premium taxes 
Deferred underwriting expenses 
Total deferred policy acquisition costs 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

13,244    $ 
2,806      
1,760      
17,810    $ 

14,290  
2,960  
1,798  
19,048  

The following summarizes the activity in the deferred policy acquisition costs: 

Balance, beginning of year 
Policy acquisition costs deferred 
Amortization expense during the year 
Balance, end of year 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

19,048    $
40,345     
(41,583)   
17,810    $

19,734     $ 
43,872       
(44,558 )     
19,048     $ 

20,251 
45,252 
(45,769)
19,734  

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

5. 

Property and Equipment 

Property and equipment consist of the following: 

Land and office building 
Furniture and equipment 
Software 
Automobiles 
Finance lease right-of-use assets 
Total original cost 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 
Property and equipment, net 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 
7,919    $ 
5,438      
7,916      
74      
365      
21,712      
(15,530)     
6,182    $ 

7,819  
6,097  
7,366  
74  
185  
21,541  
(15,210 )
6,331   

  $

  $

Accumulated depreciation and amortization includes $0.2 million that is related to equipment held under finance leases at 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 and is included in the underwriting and certain other operating costs line item on the income statement.  
The lease liabilities related to these properties are included in accounts payable and other liabilities. 

6. 

Reinsurance 

The Company cedes certain premiums and losses to various reinsurers under excess-of-loss treaties. These reinsurance 
arrangements provide for greater diversification of business, allow management to control exposure to potential losses arising from 
large risks, and provide additional capacity for growth. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not relieve the Company from its obligations to 
policyholders. The Company remains liable to its policyholders for the portion reinsured to the extent that any reinsurer does not meet 
the obligations assumed under the reinsurance agreements. To minimize its exposure to significant losses from reinsurer insolvencies, 
the Company evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and monitors concentrations of credit risk arising from similar 
geographic regions, activities, or economic characteristics of the reinsurers on a continual basis. The effect of reinsurance on 
premiums written and earned in 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: 

2020 Premiums 

2019 Premiums 

2018 Premiums 

  Written 

  Earned 

  Written 

  Earned 

  Written 

    Earned 

Gross 
Ceded 
Net premiums 

(in thousands) 
 $ 303,090  $314,703  $333,460  $341,883  $351,696    $ 359,670  
    (10,276)   (10,276)  
(9,344 )
 $ 292,814  $304,427  $324,465  $332,888  $342,352    $ 350,326   

(9,344 )    

(8,995)  

(8,995)  

The amounts recoverable from reinsurers consist of the following: 

Unpaid losses recoverable: 

Case basis 
Incurred but not reported 

Paid losses recoverable 
Allowance for credit losses 
Total 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

88,622    $ 
17,085      
548      
(452)     
105,803    $ 

82,252  
13,090  
571  
—  
95,913  

Amounts recoverable from reinsurers consists of ceded case reserves, ceded incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) reserves, and 

paid losses recoverable. Ceded case and ceded IBNR reserves represent the portion of gross loss and loss adjustment expense 
liabilities that are recoverable under reinsurance agreements, but are not yet due from reinsurers. Paid losses recoverable are 
receivables currently due from reinsurers for ceded paid losses. The Company considers paid losses recoverable outstanding for more 
than 90 days to be past due. At December 31, 2020, paid losses recoverable past due were immaterial. 

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The Company received reinsurance recoveries of $4.4 million in 2020, $2.0 million in 2019 and $1.3 million in 2018. 

The Company generally secures large reinsurance recoverable balances with various forms of collateral, including funds 
withheld accounts, irrevocable letters of credit and secured trusts.  At December 31, 2020, reinsurance recoverables from reinsurers 
that exceeded 1.5% of statutory surplus of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries are shown below.   

Reinsurer 

Hannover Reinsurance (Ireland) Limited (1) 
Allianz Risk Transfer AG (Bermuda) 
Odyssey America Reinsurance Corporation 
Minnesota Workers' Compensation Reinsurance Association (1) 
Other reinsurers 

Total amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
Allowance for credit losses 
Total amounts recoverable from reinsurers net of allowance for credit losses 

Funds withheld and letters of credit related to the above recoverables 

Total unsecured amounts recoverable from reinsurers 

(1)  Current participant in our 2021 reinsurance program. 

A.M. Best 
Rating 

Amounts Recoverable as 
of December 31, 2020 

(in thousands) 

   $ 

A+ 
A+ 
A 
NR 

   $ 

56,753 
12,050 
8,688 
6,367 
22,397 
106,255 
(452)
105,803 
(71,986)
33,817   

The table below presents the change in the allowance for credit losses on amounts recoverable from reinsurers for the year 

ended December 31, 2020. 

Balance, beginning of period 
Provision for credit loss benefit 
Balance, end of period 

Year Ended 
December 31,  
2020 
  (in thousands)  
444  
  $
8  
452   

  $

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

7. 

Income Taxes 

The Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows: 

Deferred income tax assets: 

Discounting of net unpaid loss and loss adjustment 
expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Accrued expenses and other 
State income tax 
Accrued policyholder dividends 
Capital loss carryforward 
Accrued insurance-related assessments 

Total deferred tax assets 
Less: Valuation allowance 
Net deferred tax assets 

Deferred income tax liabilities: 

Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Callable bond amortization 
Unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale 
Property and equipment and other 
Salvage and subrogation 
Loss reserves adjustment due to the Tax Act 

Total deferred income tax liabilities 
Net deferred income taxes 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 

19,297    $ 
6,984      
2,947      
2,212      
2,020      
—      
1,963      
35,423      
(2,169)     
33,254      

(4,547)     
—      
(7,194)     
(260)     
(516)     
(7,072)     
(19,589)     
13,665    $ 

19,985  
7,638  
2,612  
2,484  
2,330  
20  
2,672  
37,741  
(2,025 )
35,716  

(4,838 )
(2 )
(3,970 )
(271 )
(636 )
(8,486 )
(18,203 )
17,513   

  $

  $

The components of consolidated income tax expense (benefit) are as follows: 

Current: 

Federal 
State 

Deferred: 

Federal 
State 

Total 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

17,760    $
900     
18,660     

1,403     
254     
1,657     
20,317    $

20,658     $ 
1,297       
21,955       

732       
140       
872       
22,827     $ 

16,407 
1,004 
17,411 

(1,389)
(73)
(1,462)
15,949  

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had a valuation allowance against its deferred income tax benefits of $2.2 and 

$2.0 million, respectively.  During 2018, there was no valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred income tax assets and 
liabilities.   

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Income tax expense from operations is different from the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax statutory 

rate of 21% to income before income taxes as follows: 

Income tax computed at federal statutory tax rate 
Tax-exempt interest, net 
State income tax 
Dividends received deduction 
Other 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

22,453    $
(3,226)   
1,080     
(89)   
99     
20,317    $

24,258     $ 
(2,999 )     
1,178       
(59 )     
449       
22,827     $ 

18,392 
(2,965)
720 
(44)
(154)
15,949  

In December 2018, the IRS released its guidance for determining the Tax Act transition adjustment related to the discounting of  

loss reserves.  During the period ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded an increase in its deferred tax assets and a 
corresponding increase in its deferred tax liabilities as a result of the transition adjustment, which had no impact on tax expense 
recognized in 2018.    

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in response to the 

COVID-19 pandemic.  The bill intended to bolster the U.S. economy, among other things, and provide emergency assistance to 
qualifying businesses and individuals.  The Company was able to take advantage of a provision in the Act delaying payment of certain 
payroll taxes until 2021 and 2022.  The CARES Act had no material impact on the Company’s financial statements. 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. There were no 

uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Tax years 2017 through 2020 are subject to examination by the federal and state taxing authorities.  

8. 

Line of Credit 

The Company has an agreement providing for a line of credit in the maximum amount of $20.0 million with Frost Bank.  The 

agreement expires in December 2022.  Under the agreement, advances may be made either in the form of loans or letters of credit. 
Borrowings under the agreement accrue at interest rates based upon prime rate, LIBOR or equivalent.  Under the agreement, the 
Company pays a fee of 0.25% on the unused portion of the loan in arrears quarterly, or a fee of $50,000 annually, assuming the line of 
credit is not used during the calendar year.  The line of credit is unsecured. No borrowings or letters of credit were outstanding under 
the line of credit arrangement at December 31, 2020 or 2019. 

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

9. 

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses 

The following development tables provide the incurred and paid losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses, net of 
reinsurance, for workers’ compensation and general liability for accident years 2011 through 2020.  The incurred but not reported 
(“IBNR”) losses and claims frequency is included for each accident year presented. 

Incurred Losses and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 
For the Years Ended December 31, 
(Dollars in thousands) 

As of 
December 31, 2020 

     Total IBNR       
Plus 

Accident    
Year 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 

2011 

2012 

   2013 

   2014 

Unaudited (1) 
   2015 

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

  $ 196,384  $ 199,522   $ 199,163   $ 198,213   $ 195,262 $192,988 $191,126 $189,327 $ 188,226    $  188,264     $ 
—    222,549     222,075     212,738     193,515   184,460   182,859   180,387   178,586       177,547       
—     241,810     241,811     233,656   220,457   214,701   210,588   209,184       207,304       
—    
—     268,846     268,846   249,097   235,058   226,933   218,386       212,417       
—     
—    
—     262,573   262,573   252,514   235,471   220,965       211,758       
—     
—     
—    
—   250,491   250,491   241,406   218,005       209,214       
—     
—     
—     
—    
—   244,094   244,098   234,587       220,096       
—  
—     
—     
—     
—    
—   250,487   250,487       235,641       
—  
—  
—     
—     
—     
—    
—   241,344       241,344       
—  
—  
—  
—     
—     
—     
—    
—       220,710       
—  
—  
—  
—  
—     
—     
—     
—    
Total    $ 2,124,295     $ 

     Expected 
    Cumulative 
    Development     Number of  
     on Reported     Claims 
     Claims 

    Reported   
6,044 
5,749 
5,766 
5,839 
5,516 
5,393 
5,211 
5,467 
5,199 
4,170 

5,198     
6,419     
7,762     
5,468     
6,717     
6,843     
8,066     
16,057     
16,609     
8,491     
87,630     

Cumulative Paid Losses and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 
For the Years Ended December 31, 
(Dollars in thousands) 

Accident 

Unaudited (1) 

Year 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

2014 

2013 

2012 

2011 

—      50,579     107,467     133,658    149,161    154,553    157,207    159,807   
—      51,396     119,507    150,304    165,994    172,479    177,724   
—     
—      53,060    119,820    153,320    169,736    180,683   
—     
—     
—    54,141    121,599    151,818    170,461   
—     
—     
—     
—    52,238    115,713    143,016   
—   
—     
—     
—     
—    56,951    122,552   
—   
—   
—     
—     
—     
—    62,061   
—   
—   
—   
—     
—     
—     
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—     
—     
—     
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—     
—     
—     

2015 
   $  53,329   $ 111,029   $ 140,831   $ 153,968  $161,639  $165,967  $167,757  $169,994  $ 170,785   
161,014   
180,614   
186,129   
182,053   
156,861   
151,427   
126,057   
58,883   
—   
Total   
All outstanding liabilities before 2011, net of reinsurance   
Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance   

Claim 
Frequency 
(2)

22.82 
18.73 
16.55 
14.99 
14.25 
14.23 
14.68 
15.20 
15.21 
13.25 

2020 

 $  171,583     
    162,588     
    182,465     
    191,394     
    185,657     
    166,887     
    166,448     
    152,328     
    120,512     
50,113     
   1,549,975     
80,533     
    654,854     

(1)     Data presented for these calendar years is required supplementary information, which is unaudited. 
(2)     Frequency, as calculated above, refers to reported claims divided by gross premium earned. 

The average annual percentage payout of incurred losses by age, net of reinsurance, for workers’ compensation and general 
liability as of December 31, 2020 is summarized below. Since workers’ compensation has long payout periods, the table below shows 
less than 100% in the years disclosed.  This is required supplementary information, which is unaudited. 

Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Losses by Age, Net of Reinsurance (Unaudited) 

Year 1 
25.6% 

Year 2 
30.2% 

Year 3 
14.1% 

Year 4 
7.6% 

Year 5 
4.3% 

Year 6 
2.1% 

Year 7 
1.6% 

Year 8 
0.9% 

Year 9 
0.7% 

Year 10 
0.4% 

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserve balances, net of related amounts recoverable 

from reinsurers, for 2020, 2019 and 2018: 

Balance, beginning of period 
Less amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
   on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Net balance, beginning of period 
Add incurred related to: 
Current accident year 
Prior accident years 
Total incurred 
Less paid related to: 

Current accident year 
Prior accident years 

Total paid 

Net balance, end of period 
Add amounts recoverable from reinsurers 
   on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses 
Balance, end of period 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

772,887    $

798,409     $ 

771,845 

95,343     
677,544     

107,216       
691,193       

84,889 
686,956 

220,710     
(63,484)   
157,226     

241,344       
(65,002 )     
176,342       

250,487 
(45,596)
204,891 

50,113     
129,803     
179,916     
654,854     

58,883       
131,108       
189,991       
677,544       

62,061 
138,593 
200,654 
691,193 

105,707     
760,561    $

95,343       
772,887     $ 

107,216 
798,409  

  $

The final resolution of the estimated loss reserve liability may be different from that anticipated at the reporting date because of 

the inherent uncertainty in loss reserve estimates, including, but not limited to, the future settlement environment.  Consequently, 
actual paid losses in the future may result in a significantly different amount than currently reserved, favorable or unfavorable. 

The difference between currently estimated losses and losses estimated for a prior period at a prior valuation date is known as 
development.  Development is unfavorable when the losses ultimately settle for more than they were reserved for or future estimates 
suggest that reserves should be increased on unresolved claims.  Development is favorable when the losses ultimately settle for less 
than they were reserved for or future estimates suggest that reserves should be decreased on unresolved claims.  Favorable or 
unfavorable development of loss reserves are reflected in our results of operations in the period the estimates are changed. 

The foregoing reconciliation reflects favorable development of the net reserves at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. The 
favorable development reduced loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred by $63.5 million in 2020, driven primarily by accident 
years 2018 and 2017 of $14.8 million and $14.5 million, respectively. In 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded favorable 
development of $65.0 million and $45.6 million, respectively. The revisions to the Company’s reserves reflect new information gained 
by claims adjusters in the normal course of adjusting claims and is reflected in the financial statements when the information becomes 
available. It is typical for more serious claims to take several years or longer to settle and the Company continually revises estimates 
as more information about claimants’ medical conditions and potential disability becomes known and the claims get closer to being 
settled.  Multiple factors can cause loss development both unfavorable and favorable. The favorable loss development we experienced 
across accident years was largely due to favorable case reserve development and continued favorable severity trends compared to 
those originally estimated. 

Reserves established for workers’ compensation insurance includes the exposure to occupational disease or accidents related to 
asbestos or environmental claims.  The exposure to asbestos claims emanate from the direct sale of workers’ compensation insurance.  
These claims resulted from industry workers who were exposed to tremolite asbestos dust and electricians and carpenters who were 
exposed to products that contained asbestos.  There has been no known exposure to asbestos claims arising from assumed business.  
The emergence of these claims is slow and highly unpredictable.  The Company estimates full impact of the asbestos exposure by 
establishing full case basis reserves on all known losses.  Reserves for losses incurred but not reported (IBNR) include a provision for 
development of reserves on reported losses.  Reserves are established for loss adjustment expenses (LAE) associated with these case 
and IBNR loss reserves. 

80 

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
           
 
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table details our exposures to various asbestos related claims: 

Reserves for loss and LAE at beginning of year 
Incurred losses and LAE during the current year 
Loss and LAE payments 
Reserves for loss and LAE at end of year 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

1,323    $
(936)   
(69)   
318    $

1,555     $ 
(183 )     
(49 )     
1,323     $ 

1,748 
108 
(301)
1,555  

The Company has historically written general liability coverages that are reported in other liability lines of business.   These 
coverages may be associated with the property and casualty industry’s exposure to environmental claims.  However, the Company has 
not been notified by any insured for which exposure exists due to these types of claims.  Company management believes potential 
exposure to environmental claims to be remote.  Therefore, the Company has no loss or loss adjustment expense reserves for such 
liabilities. 

The anticipated effect of inflation is implicitly considered when estimating liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses. In 

establishing our reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses, we review the results of analyses using individual case-base valuations 
and statistical and actuarial methods that utilize historical loss data from our more than 35 years of underwriting workers’ 
compensation insurance. The actuarial analysis of our historical data provides some of the factors we use in estimating our loss 
reserves. These factors are primarily measures over time of the number of claims paid and reported, average paid and incurred claim 
amounts, claim closure rates and claim payment patterns. In evaluating the results of our analyses, management also uses substantial 
judgment in considering other factors that are not considered in these actuarial analyses, including changes in business mix, claims 
management, regulatory issues, medical trends, employment and wage patterns, insurance policy coverage interpretations, judicial 
determinations and other subjective factors. Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these estimates, and the cost of incurred 
but unreported claims, our actual liabilities may vary significantly from our original estimates. These anticipated trends are monitored 
based on actual development and are modified if necessary. 

10.  Statutory Accounting and Regulatory Requirements 

The Company’s insurance subsidiaries file financial statements prepared in accordance with statutory accounting principles 

prescribed or permitted by the insurance regulatory authorities of the states in which the subsidiaries are domiciled. Statutory-basis 
shareholders’ capital and surplus at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 of the directly owned insurance subsidiary, AIIC, and the 
combined statutory-basis net income and realized investment gains for all AMERISAFE’s insurance subsidiaries for the three years in 
the period ended December 31, 2020, were as follows: 

Capital and surplus 
Net income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 

2020 

2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

365,524    $
82,390     
1,075     

359,952     $ 
92,301       
(80 )     

383,575 
72,979 
(1,536)

Property and casualty insurance companies are subject to certain risk-based capital requirements, or RBC requirements, 
specified by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Under these requirements, a target minimum amount of capital 
and surplus maintained by a property/casualty insurance company is determined based on the various risk factors related to it. At 
December 31, 2020, the capital and surplus of AIIC and its subsidiaries exceeded the minimum RBC requirements. 

Pursuant to regulatory requirements, AIIC cannot pay dividends to the Company in excess of the greater of 10% of statutory 
surplus, or statutory net income, excluding realized investment gains, for the preceding 12-month period, without the prior approval of 
the Nebraska Director of Insurance. However, for purposes of this dividend calculation, net income from the previous two calendar 
years may be carried forward to the extent that it has not already been paid out as dividends. AIIC paid $88.6 million in dividends to 
the Company in 2020, $115.9 million in 2019 and $65.4 million in 2018. Based upon the dividend limitation described above, AIIC 
could pay to the Company dividends of up to $83.4 million in 2021 without seeking regulatory approval. 

81 

 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

11.  Capital Stock 

Common Stock 

The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. At December 31, 2020, 

there were 20,589,309 shares of common stock issued and 19,331,059 shares outstanding. 

Preferred Stock 

The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. At December 31, 2020, 

there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding. 

12.  Restricted Stock and Stock Options 

2005 Incentive Plan 

The AMERISAFE 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2005 Incentive Plan”) is administered by the Compensation Committee of 
the Board and was designed to provide incentive compensation to executive officers and other key management personnel. The 2005 
Incentive Plan permitted awards in the form of incentive stock options, as defined in Section 422(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986, non-qualified stock options, restricted shares of common stock and restricted stock units. In connection with the approval of the 
2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan by the Company’s shareholders, no further grants were made under the 2005 Incentive 
Plan.  As of December 31, 2020, there are no outstanding options or restricted stock awards under the 2005 Incentive Plan. 

Stock options granted under the 2005 Incentive Plan were exercisable, subject to vesting requirements determined by the 
Compensation Committee, for periods of up to ten years from the date of grant. Stock options generally expire 90 days after the 
cessation of an optionee’s service as an employee. However, in the case of an optionee’s death or disability, the unexercised portion of 
a stock option remains exercisable for up to one year after the optionee’s death or disability. Stock options that were granted under the 
2005 Incentive Plan are not transferable, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution. 

The Company used the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to estimate the fair value of each option on the date of 
grant. The expected terms of options were developed by considering the Company’s historical attrition rate for those employees at the 
officer level, who were eligible to receive options. Further, the Company aggregated individual awards into homogenous groups based 
upon grant date. Expected volatility was estimated using daily historical volatility for six companies within the property and casualty 
insurance sector. The Company believes that historical volatility of this peer group was the best estimate of expected volatility of the 
market price of the Company’s common shares. The dividend yield was assumed to be zero as the Company did not pay cash 
dividends until 2013. The risk-free interest rate is the yield on the grant date of U.S. Treasury zero coupon securities with a maturity 
comparable to the expected term of the options. 

82 

 
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table summarizes information about the stock option activity under the 2005 Incentive Plan: 

Outstanding at January 1, 2018 
Granted 
Exercised 
Canceled, forfeited, or expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 
Exercisable at December 31, 2018 
Outstanding at January 1, 2019 
Granted 
Exercised 
Canceled, forfeited, or expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 
Exercisable at December 31, 2019 
Outstanding at January 1, 2020 
Granted 
Exercised 
Canceled, forfeited, or expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020 
Exercisable at December 31, 2020 

20,000     
—     
(15,000)   
—     
5,000     
5,000     
5,000     
—     
(5,000)   
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     
—     

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price     

Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (in years)  
2.1 
— 
0.9 
— 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
— 
0.9 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
—  

5.21       
—       
4.46       
—       
3.95       
3.95       
3.95       
—       
3.95       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       

Cash received from option exercises 
Total intrinsic value of options exercised 
Aggregate intrinsic value of vested options outstanding 

  $

—    $
—     
—     

20     $ 
287       
—       

67 
766 
264  

2020 

2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

The Company recognized no compensation expense in 2020 and 2019 and $12,000 in 2018, related to awards made under the 

2005 Incentive Plan. 

2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan 

In 2012, the Company’s shareholders approved the AMERISAFE 2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2012 
Incentive Plan”). The 2012 Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board and is designed to attract, 
retain and motivate non-employee directors, officers, key employees and consultants by providing incentives for superior 
performance. The 2012 Incentive Plan authorizes the grant of equity-based compensation in the form of option rights, appreciation 
rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, cash incentive awards, performance shares and units, and other types of awards. 

A maximum of 500,000 shares of common stock may be issued or transferred upon the exercise of option rights or appreciation 

rights, as restricted shares and released from substantial risk of forfeiture, in payment of restricted stock units, in payment of 
performance shares or performance units that have been earned, as awards of shares of common stock, as other awards granted under 
the 2012 Incentive Plan, or in payment of dividend equivalents paid with respect to awards made under the plan subject to adjustment 
in the event of a merger, stock dividend, stock split or similar event, which may be original issue shares or treasury shares or a 
combination of the two. 

In 2020, 23,207 shares of common stock were granted under the 2012 Incentive Plan.  In 2019, 9,391 shares of common stock 

and 13,322 shares of restricted stock were granted under the 2012 Incentive Plan, which will vest through 2024.  At December 31, 
2020, there were 297,227 shares of common stock available for future awards under the 2012 Incentive Plan. 

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table summarizes information about the common and restricted stock activity under the 2012 Incentive Plan: 

Nonvested balance at January 1, 2018 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2018 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2019 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2020 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value 
per Share 

Shares 

60,879      
3,304      
(24,608)     
—      
39,575      
22,713      
(29,760)     
—      
32,528      
23,207      
(40,421)     
—      
15,314      

45.71  
59.16  
44.31  
—  
48.93  
61.08  
51.86  
—  
54.02  
58.62  
54.31  
—  
60.23  

The Company recognized compensation expense of $605,000, $676,000 and $726,000 in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, 

related to share-based grants.  The Company recognized compensation expense of $2,341,000, $1,359,000 and $976,000 in 2020, 
2019 and 2018, respectively, related to long-term incentive awards under the 2012 Incentive Plan.   The long-term incentive award is a 
liability award. 

Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Plan 

The AMERISAFE Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Plan (the “Restricted Stock Plan”) is administered by the 
Compensation Committee of the Board and provides for the automatic grant of restricted stock awards to non-employee directors of 
the Company. Awards to non-employee directors are generally subject to terms including non-transferability, immediate vesting upon 
death or total disability of a director, forfeiture of unvested shares upon termination of service by a director and acceleration of vesting 
upon a change of control of the Company. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to restricted 
stock awards under the Restricted Stock Plan is 150,000 shares, subject to the authority of the Board to adjust this amount in the event 
of a merger, consolidation, reorganization, stock split, combination of shares, recapitalization or similar transaction affecting the 
common stock. At December 31, 2020, there were 47,748 shares of common stock available for future awards under the Restricted 
Stock Plan.  

Under the Restricted Stock Plan, each non-employee director is automatically granted a restricted stock award for a number of 

shares equal to $50,000 divided by the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the annual meeting of 
shareholders at which the non-employee director is elected or is continuing as a member of the Board. Each restricted stock award 
vests on the date of the next annual meeting of shareholders following the date of grant, subject to the continued service of the non-
employee director.  Under the terms of the Restricted Stock Plan, the Company’s Board of Directors may increase the dollar amount 
of the annual award to an amount up to $75,000 without further shareholder approval. 

As of December 31, 2020, there were 5,068 shares of restricted stock outstanding under the Non-Employee Director Restricted 

Stock Plan, all of which will vest on the date of the annual meeting of shareholders in 2021. 

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The following table summarizes information about the restricted stock activity under the Non-Employee Director Restricted 

Stock Plan: 

Nonvested balance at January 1, 2018 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2018 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2019 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Nonvested balance at December 31, 2020 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value 
per Share 

Shares 

6,454      
5,761      
(6,454)     
—      
5,761      
4,890      
(5,761)     
—      
4,890      
5,269      
(5,091)     
—      
5,068      

54.20  
60.75  
54.20  
—  
60.75  
61.34  
60.75  
—  
61.34  
68.88  
61.49  
—  
69.03  

The Company recognized compensation expense of $349,000 in 2020, $317,000 in 2019 and $351,000 in 2018 related to the 

Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Plan. 

13.  Earnings Per Share 

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 

Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company has no participating unvested common shares which contain nonforfeitable rights to 
dividends and applies the treasury stock method in computing basic and diluted earnings per share. 

Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the 

period. 

The diluted EPS calculation includes potential common shares assumed issued under the treasury stock method, which reflects 

the potential dilution that would occur if any outstanding options were exercised or restricted stock becomes vested.  

The calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are presented below. 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
  (in thousands, except earnings per share amounts)  

2020 

2018 

Basic EPS: 

Net income – basic 
Basic weighted average common shares 
Basic earnings per share 

Diluted EPS: 

Net income – diluted 
Diluted weighted average common shares: 
Weighted average common shares 
Restricted stock and stock options 
Diluted weighted average common shares 

Diluted earnings per common share 

  $

  $

  $

  $

86,602    $
19,289     
4.49    $

92,690     $ 
19,249       
4.82     $ 

71,632 
19,209 
3.73 

86,602    $

92,690     $ 

71,632 

19,289     
75     
19,364     
4.47    $

19,249       
80       
19,329       
4.80     $ 

19,209 
84 
19,293 
3.71  

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AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The table below sets forth the reconciliation of the weighted average shares used for the basic and diluted EPS calculation.  

Basic weighted average common shares 
Add: Other common shares eligible for common dividends: 

Restricted stock and stock options 
Diluted weighted average common shares 

Years Ended 
2019 
    19,288,996      19,248,657       19,208,978 

2020 

2018 

74,813     

84,104 
    19,363,809      19,329,238       19,293,082  

80,581       

14.  Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 

Comprehensive income includes net income plus unrealized gains/losses on our available-for-sale investment securities, net of 
tax.  The following table illustrates the changes in the balance of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 
for each period presented in the financial statements. 

Balance, beginning of period 

Impact of adoption of ASU 2016-01 
Impact of adoption of ASU 2018-02 

Adjusted beginning balance 

Other comprehensive income (loss) before 
   reclassification 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
   comprehensive income (loss) 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 

Balance, end of period 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

12,211  $
— 
— 
12,211 

(832 )   $ 
—       
—       
(832 )     

3,612 
(615)
414 
3,411 

9,538 

12,379       

(4,551)

(730)  
8,808 
21,019  $

664       
13,043       
12,211     $ 

308 
(4,243)
(832)

  $

The sale or other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) of an available-for-sale security results in amounts being reclassified 
from accumulated other comprehensive income to current period net income.  The effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other 
comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income are presented in the following table. 

Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive 
Income (Loss) 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for- 
   sale securities 

  $

  $

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

Affected line item in the statement
of income

925    $
925     
(195)    
730    $

(841)   $
(841)    
177     
(664)   $

Net realized gains (losses) on 
   investments 

(390)  
(390)   Income before income taxes 

82    Income tax expense 

(308)   Net income 

86 

 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 
   
     
       
 
   
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
   
    
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
   
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2020 
Unrealized gain on securities: 

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities 
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized 
    in net income 
Net unrealized gain 
Other comprehensive income 
December 31, 2019 
Unrealized gain on securities: 

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities 
Reclassification adjustment for losses realized 
    in net income 
Net unrealized gain 
Other comprehensive income 
December 31, 2018 
Unrealized loss on securities: 

Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities 
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized 
    in net income 
Net unrealized loss 
Other comprehensive loss 

Pre-Tax 
Amount

Tax Expense 
(Benefit) 
(in thousands) 

Net-of-Tax 
Amount

  $

12,074  $

2,536     $ 

9,538 

(925)  

11,149 
11,149  $

(195 )     
2,341       
2,341     $ 

(730)
8,808 
8,808 

  $

  $

15,670  $

3,291     $ 

12,379 

841 
16,511 
16,511  $

177       
3,468       
3,468     $ 

664 
13,043 
13,043 

  $

  $

(5,760) $

(1,209 )   $ 

(4,551)

390 
(5,370)  
(5,370) $

82       
(1,127 )     
(1,127 )   $ 

308 
(4,243)
(4,243)

  $

15.  Employee Benefit Plan 

The Company’s 401(k) benefit plan is available to all employees. The Company matches 50% of employee contributions up to 
6% of compensation for participating employees, subject to certain limitations. Employees are fully vested in employer contributions 
to this plan after five years. Company contributions to this plan were $0.7 million in each of 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

16.  Commitments and Contingencies 

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising principally from claims made under insurance policies and contracts. 

Those actions are considered by the Company in estimating reserves for loss and loss adjustment expenses. In the opinion of 
management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial 
position or results of operations. 

The Company provides workers’ compensation insurance in several states that maintain second-injury funds. Incurred losses on 
qualifying claims that exceed certain amounts may be recovered from these state funds. There is no assurance that the applicable states 
will continue to provide funding under these programs. 

The Company manages risk on certain long-duration claims by settling these claims through the purchase of annuities from 
unaffiliated carriers. In the event these carriers are unable to meet their obligations under these contracts, the Company could be liable 

87 

 
  
  
 
   
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
 
 
       
 
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

to the claimants. The following table summarizes the fair value of the annuities at December 31, 2020, that the Company has 
purchased to satisfy its obligations.  

Life Insurance Company 

Pacific Life & Annuity Company 
American General Life Insurance Company 
Travelers Life and Annuity Insurance Company 
New York Life Insurance Company 
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company 
John Hancock Life Insurance Company 
United of Omaha Insurance Company 
Athene Annuity and Life Company 
Pacific Life Insurance Company 
Lincoln Life Assurance Company of Boston 
Other 

A.M. Best 
Rating

Statement Value 
of Annuities 
Exceeding 1% of 
Statutory Surplus  
(in thousands) 

A+ 
A 
A 
A++ 
A+ 
A+ 
A+ 
A 
A+ 
A+ 

  $

  $

16,489  
14,462  
9,758  
9,120  
6,701  
6,536  
5,141  
4,363  
4,010  
3,698  
18,997  
99,275   

Substantially all of the annuities are issued or guaranteed by life insurance companies that have an A.M. Best Company rating of 

“A” (Excellent) or better. 

The Company has operating and finance leases for office space and equipment.  Our leases have remaining lease terms of one 

month to 60 months, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years. 

The components of lease expense were as follows: 

Operating lease cost 
Finance lease cost: 

Amortization of right-of-use assets 
Interest on lease liabilities 

Total finance lease cost 

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows: 

Cash paid for amounts included in the 
   measurement of lease liabilities: 

Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Operating cash flows from finance leases 
Financing cash flows from finance leases 

  $

  $

  $

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
2020 

(in thousands) 
160   $ 

6     
2     
8   $ 

164  

62  
4  
66  

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
2020 

(in thousands) 

(116)  $ 
4      
50      

430  
46  
47  

Right-of-use assets obtained in the exchange for the lease obligations were as follows: 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 
56   $ 
180     

369  
—  

  $

88 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
    
 
  
  
 
   
     
  
   
   
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
    
 
  
  
 
   
      
  
   
   
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
    
 
  
  
 
   
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: 

Operating leases: 

Operating lease right-of-use assets 

   $ 

314     $

430      Other assets 

   December 31, 2020  

  December 31, 2019      

Balance Sheet Classification 

(in thousands) 

Operating lease liabilities 

Finance leases: 

Finance lease right-of-use assets 
Finance lease accumulated 
amortization 
   right-of-use assets 

   $ 

   $ 

Property and equipment, net 

   $ 

314     $

 Accounts payable and other 
   liabilities 

430    

365     $

185       

(185)     
180     $

(179)      

6     Property and equipment, net 

Finance lease liabilities 

   $ 

185     $

 Accounts payable and other 
   liabilities 

54    

Weighted average remaining lease term: 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

Weighted average discount rate: 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

2.7   years    
4.9   years    

3.6    years
1.1    years

5.24%  
3.30%  

5.25 %   
5.21 %   

The following is a maturity analysis of the annual undiscounted cash flows of the operating and finance lease liabilities as of 

December 31, 2020: 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Total lease payments 
Less imputed interest 
Total 

  $

   Operating Leases     Finance Leases    
(in thousands) 
136   $
120    
75    
6    
—    
337    
23    
314   $

44   
39   
39   
39   
39   
200   
15   
185   

  $

Rental expense was $0.2 million in each of 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

17.  Concentration of Operations 

The Company derives its premium revenues from its operations in the workers’ compensation insurance line of business.   

89 

 
 
 
  
  
  
       
     
      
       
  
     
      
       
  
     
      
       
     
      
       
     
  
     
      
       
 
  
 
  
 
 
   
     
    
      
   
   
   
     
    
      
   
    
   
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Net premiums earned during 2020, 2019 and 2018 for the top ten states in 2020 and all others are shown below: 

Georgia 
Florida 
Pennsylvania 
Louisiana 
North Carolina 
Illinois 
Virginia 
Wisconsin 
South Carolina 
Minnesota 
All others 
Total net premiums earned 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  Dollars 

    Percent    

  Dollars 

    Percent    

   Dollars 

    Percent    

  $ 37,926     
    34,617     
    24,340     
    22,668     
    17,338     
    14,802     
    14,041     
    12,263     
    11,270     
    11,057     
    104,105     
  $304,427     

(Dollars in thousands) 

12.5%  $ 38,090     
11.4%    39,936     
8.0%    27,519     
7.4%    24,782     
5.7%    18,800     
4.9%    16,929     
4.6%    15,249     
4.0%    13,388     
3.7%    13,020     
3.6%    13,399     
34.2%    111,776     
100.0%  $332,888     

11.4 %   $  40,351     
12.0 %      39,672     
8.3 %      31,708     
7.4 %      25,810     
5.7 %      19,537     
5.1 %      19,710     
4.6 %      15,228     
4.0 %      14,101     
3.9 %      13,924     
4.0 %      12,900     
33.6 %     117,385     
100.0 %   $ 350,326     

11.5%
11.3%
9.1%
7.4%
5.6%
5.6%
4.3%
4.0%
4.0%
3.7%
33.5%
100.0%

18.  Fair Values of Financial Instruments 

The Company determines fair value amounts for financial instruments using available third-party market information. When 

such information is not available, the Company determines the fair value amounts using appropriate valuation methodologies. 
Nonfinancial instruments such as real estate, property and equipment, deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred income taxes and loss 
and loss adjustment expense reserves are excluded from the fair value disclosure. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents—The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for these 

financial instruments approximate their fair values. 

Investments—The Company’s fixed maturity securities are priced by an independent pricing service. The prices provided by the 

independent pricing service are estimated based on observable market data in active markets utilizing pricing models and processes, 
which may include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers, sector 
groupings, matrix pricing and reference data. The Company reviews the prices provided by pricing services for reasonableness and 
compares them to prices provided by the Company’s custodian which uses different pricing services. 

Short Term Investments—The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for these financial 

instruments approximate their fair value. 

The following table summarizes the carrying or reported values and corresponding fair values for financial instruments: 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

Carrying 
Amount

Fair 
Value

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

Assets: 

Fixed maturity securities—held to maturity 
Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale 
Equity securities 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

  $

585,130    $
414,279     
43,437     
45,898     
61,757     

621,654    $  599,421     $
441,146      
414,279      
27,903      
43,437      
56,548      
45,898      
43,813      
61,757      

621,343 
441,146 
27,903 
56,548 
43,813  

The Company carries available-for-sale securities and equity securities at fair value in our consolidated financial statements and 

determines fair value measurements and disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and 
Disclosures. 

90 

 
  
   
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
   
    
    
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC Topic 
820, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring 
fair value. The standard defines fair value, describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, and expands 
disclosures about fair value measurements. 

Fair value is defined in ASC Topic 820 as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 

orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability 
and, therefore, represents an exit price, not an entry price. Fair value is the exit price in the principal market (or, if lacking a principal 
market, the most advantageous market) in which the reporting entity would transact. Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an 
entity-specific measurement, and, as such, is determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the 
asset or liability. The exit price objective of a fair value measurement applies regardless of the reporting entity’s intent and/or ability 
to sell the asset or transfer the liability at the measurement date. 

ASC Topic 820 requires the use of valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach 
and/or the cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving 
identical or comparable assets and liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts, such as cash 
flows or earnings, to a single present value amount on a discounted basis. The cost approach is based on the amount that currently 
would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset, also known as current replacement cost. Valuation techniques used to 
measure fair value are to be consistently applied. 

In ASC Topic 820, inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, 

including assumptions about risk, for example, the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value (such as 
a pricing model) and/or the risk inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable: 

 

 

Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability 
developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. 

Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market 
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the 
circumstances. 

Valuation techniques used to measure fair value are intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of 

unobservable inputs. ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation techniques 
into the following three levels: 

 

 

 

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity 
has the ability to access at the measurement date. 

Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 
either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted 
prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are 
observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. 

Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are to be used to measure fair value 
to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market 
activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. 

In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair 

value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. 

The fair values of the Company’s investments are based upon prices provided by an independent pricing service. The Company 

has reviewed these prices for reasonableness and has not adjusted any prices received from the independent provider. Securities 
reported at fair value utilizing Level 1 inputs represent assets whose fair value is determined based upon observable unadjusted quoted 
market prices for identical assets in active markets. Level 2 securities represent assets whose fair value is determined using observable 
market information such as previous day trade prices, quotes from less active markets or quoted prices of securities with similar 
characteristics.  There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year ended December 31, 2020. 

91 

 
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: 

Financial instruments carried at fair value, 
   classified as part of: 
Securities available-for-sale—fixed maturity: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities 

Total securities available-for-sale—fixed maturity 
Equity securities: 

Domestic common stock 

Total 

Financial instruments carried at fair value, 
   classified as part of: 
Securities available-for-sale—fixed maturity: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities 

Total securities available-for-sale—fixed maturity 
Equity securities: 

Domestic common stock 

Total 

December 31, 2020 

Level 1 
Inputs

Level 2 
Inputs

Level 3 
Inputs 

Total Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

  $

—    $
—     
—     
29,786     
29,786     

276,542    $ 
88,899      
19,052      
—      
384,493      

—     $
—      
—      
—      
—      

276,542 
88,899 
19,052 
29,786 
414,279 

43,437     
73,223    $

—      
384,493    $ 

  $

—      
—     $

43,437 
457,716  

December 31, 2019 

Level 1 
Inputs

Level 2 
Inputs

Level 3 
Inputs 

Total Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

  $

—    $
—     
—     
40,126     
40,126     

237,775    $ 
133,778      
29,467      
—      
401,020      

—     $
—      
—      
—      
—      

237,775 
133,778 
29,467 
40,126 
441,146 

27,903     
68,029    $

—      
401,020    $ 

  $

—      
—     $

27,903 
469,049  

Assets measured at amortized cost as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: 

Securities held-to-maturity—fixed maturity: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities 
Asset-backed securities 

Total held-to-maturity 

December 31, 2020 

Level 1 
Inputs

Level 2 
Inputs

Level 3 
Inputs 

Total Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

—    $
—     
—     
13,865     
—     
13,865    $

526,821    $ 
72,900      
7,906      
—      
162      
607,789    $ 

—     $
—      
—      
—      
—      
—     $

526,821 
72,900 
7,906 
13,865 
162 
621,654  

92 

 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
      
 
   
  
  
 
 
  
 
   
    
    
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
      
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

Securities held-to-maturity—fixed maturity: 

States and political subdivisions 
Corporate bonds 
U.S. agency-based mortgage-backed securities 
U.S. Treasury securities 
Obligations of U.S. government agencies 
Asset-backed securities 

Total held-to-maturity 

December 31, 2019 

Level 1 
Inputs

Level 2 
Inputs

Level 3 
Inputs 

Total Fair 
Value

(in thousands) 

  $

  $

—    $
—     
—     
7,873     
—     
—     
7,873    $

485,647    $ 
110,925      
11,511      
—      
5,168      
219      
613,470    $ 

—     $
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—     $

485,647 
110,925 
11,511 
7,873 
5,168 
219 
621,343  

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not hold any securities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis due to 

impairment.  

19.  Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) 

The following table represents unaudited quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. 

Three Months Ended 

  March 31 

June 30 

  September 30      December 31  

(in thousands, except per share amounts) 

2020 
Net premiums earned 
Net investment income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities 
Total revenues 
Income before income taxes 
Net income 
Earnings per share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Comprehensive income 
Extraordinary cash dividends declared per common share 
Cash dividends declared per common share 

2019 
Net premiums earned 
Net investment income 
Net realized gains (losses) on investments 
Net unrealized gains on equity securities 
Total revenues 
Income before income taxes 
Net income 
Earnings per share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Comprehensive income 
Extraordinary cash dividends declared per common share 
Cash dividends declared per common share 

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $

93 

78,990    $
7,749     
992     
(8,763)    
79,169     
13,241     
10,800     

0.56    $
0.56    $
12,284     
—    $
0.27    $

84,948    $
8,015     
59     
2,158     
95,190     
23,809     
19,400     

1.01    $
1.01    $
25,193     
—    $
0.25    $

75,964    $ 
7,324      
163      
5,570      
89,082      
29,391      
23,948      

1.24    $ 
1.24    $ 
29,431      
—    $ 
0.27    $ 

82,951    $ 
8,169      
(82)     
642      
91,753      
22,169      
17,890      

0.93    $ 
0.93    $ 
23,068      
—    $ 
0.25    $ 

74,771     $
7,063      
309      
844      
83,005      
28,669      
23,353      

1.21     $
1.21     $
24,087      
—     $
0.27     $

82,712     $
8,264      
(4 )    
365      
91,488      
26,613      
21,386      

1.11     $
1.11     $
23,862      
—     $
0.25     $

74,702 
7,228 
(332)
6,553 
88,221 
35,618 
28,501 

1.48 
1.47 
29,608 
3.50 
0.27 

82,277 
8,035 
(53)
1,593 
91,939 
42,926 
34,014 

1.77 
1.76 
33,610 
3.50 
0.25  

 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
      
 
   
  
   
     
      
      
 
   
     
      
      
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
      
 
   
  
AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2020 

20.  Capital Management 

The Company’s Board of Directors initiated a share repurchase program in February 2010. In October 2016, the Board 
reauthorized this program with a limit of $25.0 million with no expiration date. There were no shares repurchased under this program 
in 2020. Since the beginning of this plan, the Company has repurchased a total of 1,258,250 shares for $22.4 million, or an average 
price of $17.78, including commissions. 

In 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors initiated a regular quarterly dividend.  During 2020, the Company’s Board of 

Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share compared to $0.25 per share in 2019, and $0.22 per share in 2018.  The 
Company declared extraordinary dividends totaling $3.50 per share in each of 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

21.  Subsequent Events 

On February 23, 2021 the Company declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.29 per share payable on March 26, 2021 to 

shareholders of record as of March 12, 2021.  The Board considers the payment of a regular cash dividend each calendar quarter. 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 

2020 

2019 

(in thousands) 

   $

361      $

— 

7,259   
11,503   
9,676   
384,774       
413,573       
23,562       
2,140       
1,605       
2,705       
1,420       
445,005      $

6,095       
94       
6,189       
438,816       
445,005      $

7,216 
11,779 
17,967 
379,001 
415,963 
10,551 
2,781 
1,720 
2,798 
804 
434,617 

4,230 
172 
4,402 
430,215 
434,617   

Schedule II. Condensed Financial Information of Registrant 

AMERISAFE, INC. 
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS 

Assets: 
Investments: 

Fixed maturity securities—held-to-maturity, at amortized cost net of allowance 
   for credit losses of $0 in 2020 and 2019, 
   (fair value $361 and $0, in 2020 and 2019, respectively) 
Fixed maturity securities—available-for-sale, at fair value 
   (amortized cost $7,210 in 2020 and 2019) 
Equity securities, at fair value (cost $10,007 in 2020 and 2019) 
Short-term investments 
Investment in subsidiaries 

Total investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Notes receivable from subsidiaries 
Property and equipment, net 
Federal income tax recoverable 
Other assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity 
Liabilities: 

Accounts payable and other liabilities 
Deferred income taxes 

Total liabilities 

   $

Shareholders' equity (net of Treasury stock of $22,370 at December 31, 2020 and 2019) 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 

   $

95 

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
    
       
 
    
       
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
 
    
       
 
    
    
    
    
  
Schedule II. Condensed Financial Information of Registrant – (Continued) 

AMERISAFE, INC. 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 

Revenues 
Net investment income 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities 
Fee and other income 
Total revenues 
Expenses 
Other operating costs 
Total expenses 
Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries 
Income tax expense (benefit) 
Gain (loss) before equity in earnings of subsidiaries 
Equity in net income of subsidiaries 
Net income 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

  $

944    $ 
(276)     
9,122      
9,790      

9,122      
9,122      
668      
259      
409      
86,193      
86,602    $ 

915    $
1,977     
5,352     
8,244     

8,244     
8,244     
—     
376     
(376)    
93,066     
92,690    $

1,089 
(948)
7,389 
7,530 

7,530 
7,530 
— 
(36)
36 
71,596 
71,632   

96 

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
Schedule II. Condensed Financial Information of Registrant – (Continued) 

AMERISAFE, INC. 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

Operating activities 
Net cash provided by operating activities 
Investing activities 
Purchases of investments 
Proceeds from sales of investments 
Purchases of property and equipment 
Dividends from subsidiary 
Net cash provided by investing activities 
Financing activities 
Proceeds from stock option exercises 
Finance lease purchases 
Dividends to shareholders 
Net cash used in financing activities 
Change in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 
(in thousands) 

2018 

  $

6,012    $ 

2,333    $

2,448 

(10,982)     
18,970      
(764)     
88,600      
95,824      

—      
(50)     
(88,775)     
(88,825)     
13,011      
10,551      
23,562    $ 

(27,140)    
1,987     
(995)    
115,900     
89,752     

20     
(47)    
(87,016)    
(87,043)    
5,042     
5,509     
10,551    $

(47,825)
54,600 
(1,041)
65,400 
71,134 

67 
— 
(84,491)
(84,424)
(10,842)
16,351 
5,509   

  $

97 

 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
      
     
 
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
Schedule VI. Supplemental Information Concerning Property—Casualty Insurance Operations 

AMERISAFE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Deferred 
Policy 
Acquisition 
Costs 

Reserves 
for Unpaid 
Loss and Loss 
Adjustment 
Expense 

Unearned
Premium   

Net 
Premiums

Earned    

Net 
Investment
Income

Loss and
LAE 
Related to
Current
Period    

Loss and
LAE 
Related to
Prior 
Periods     

Amortization 
of Deferred 
Policy 
Acquisition 
Costs 

Paid Claims
and Claim
Adjustment

Expenses    

Net 
Premiums
Written  

2020 
2019 
2018 

  $  17,810     $ 
19,048       
19,734       

760,561     $ 129,260  $ 304,427   $
772,887       140,873    332,888    
798,409       149,296    350,326    

(in thousands) 
29,364    $ 220,710   $ (63,484)   $ 
32,483      241,344     (65,002)     
30,452      250,487     (45,596)     

(41,583 )   $ 179,916   $ 292,814 
(44,558 )      189,991     324,465 
(45,769 )      200,654     342,352  

98 

 
 
  
  
    
    
   
    
  
  
 
    
    
 
 
Item 9. 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item  9A.  Controls and Procedures. 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 

Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that 
evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were 
effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose 
in reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods 
specified in the rules and forms specified by the SEC. We note that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain 
assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving the stated 
goals under all potential future conditions. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in 

Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed 
under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our Board of Directors, 
management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of 
the financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. 

Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. 

In making this assessment, management used the criteria described in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on management’s assessment under 
the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial 
reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020. 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has audited the effectiveness of internal controls over 

financial reporting, as stated in their report included herein. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the period covered 
by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Limitations on Controls 

Because of its inherent limitations, management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal 

controls over financial reporting will prevent or detect all misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future 
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance 
with policies and procedures may deteriorate. Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain 
assumptions and can only provide reasonable, not absolute assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of controls 
can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to errors or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, 
if any within the Company, have been detected. 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of AMERISAFE, Inc. and subsidiaries 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

We have audited AMERISAFE, Inc. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based 

on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, AMERISAFE, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) 
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO 
criteria.  

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 

(PCAOB), the 2020 consolidated financial statements of the Company and our report dated February 26, 2021 expressed an 
unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on 
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent 
with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 

audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects. 

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 

reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) 
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the 
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being 
made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a 
material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of 
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 

Philadelphia, PA 
February 26, 2021 

Item 9B. 

Other Information. 

None. 

100 

 
 
 
 
Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

The information required by Item 10 with respect to our executive officers is included in Part I of this report. 

PART III 

The information required by Item 10 with respect to our directors is incorporated by reference to the information included under 

the caption “Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. We plan to file our Proxy 
Statement within 120 days after December 31, 2020, the end of our fiscal year. 

The information required by Item 10 with respect to our audit committee and our audit committee financial expert is 
incorporated by reference to the information included under the caption “The Board, Its Committees and Its Compensation—Audit 
Committee” in our Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

The information required by Item 10 with respect to our code of business conduct and ethics for executive and financial officers 

and directors is posted on our website at www.amerisafe.com in the Investor Relations section under “Corporate Governance—
Governance Documents—Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.” We will post information regarding any amendment to, or waiver 
from, our code of business conduct and ethics on our website in the Investor Relations section under Corporate Governance. 

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation. 

The information required by Item 11 is incorporated by reference to the information included under the captions “Executive 
Compensation,” “The Board, Its Committees, and Its Compensation—Director Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks 
and Insider Participation,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Compensation Committee Report” in our Proxy Statement 
for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 

The information required by Item 12 is incorporated by reference to the information included under the captions “Security 
Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Holders” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our Proxy Statement for 
the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 

The information required by Item 13 with respect to certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference to 
the information included under the caption “Executive Compensation—Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in our Proxy 
Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

The information required by Item 13 with respect to director independence is incorporated by reference to the information 

included under the caption “The Board, Its Committees and Its Compensation—Director Independence” in our Proxy Statement for 
the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

Item 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 

The information required by Item 14 with respect to the fees and services of Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered 

public accounting firm, and the audit committee’s pre-approved policies and procedures, are incorporated by reference to the 
information included under the caption “Independent Public Accountants” in our Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of 
Shareholders. 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART IV 

Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. 

The following consolidated financial statements and schedules are filed in Item 8 of Part II of this report: 

Financial Statements: 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ...........................................................................................................   
Consolidated Balance Sheets ..........................................................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Income ................................................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ......................................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity .......................................................................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .........................................................................................................................................  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ...................................................................................................................................  

Financial Statement Schedules: 
Schedule II. Condensed Financial Information of Registrant .........................................................................................................  
Schedule VI. Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations .....................................................  

55
57
58
59
60
61
62

95
98

  Page 

(Schedules I, III, IV and V are not applicable and have been omitted.) 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
EXHIBIT INDEX 

Exhibits: 

    3.1 

    3.2 

 Amended and Restated Certificate of Formation of AMERISAFE, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the 
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 6, 2010)

 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed August 6, 2010)

    4.1 

 Description of the Registrant’s Securities Registered

  10.1* 

  10.2* 

  10.3* 

  10.4* 

  10.5* 

  10.6* 

  10.7* 

  10.8* 

  10.9* 

 Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated March 4, 2015 by and between the Company and G. Janelle Frost 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 5, 2015)

 Employment Agreement, dated January 15, 2013 by and between the Company and Vincent J. Gagliano (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 6, 2013) 

 Employment Agreement effective as of September 15, 2015 by and between the Company and Neal Fuller (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 31, 2015) 

 Employment Agreement effective as of March 1, 2016 by and between the Company and Kathryn H. Shirley 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed April 29, 2016)

 Employment Agreement effective as of May 20, 2019 by and between the Company and Andrew McCray (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 3, 2019) 

 AMERISAFE, Inc. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Registration 
Statement on Form S-1, Amendment No. 3 (File No. 333-127133), filed October 31, 2005) 

 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement for the AMERISAFE, Inc. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Amendment No. 3 (File 
No. 333-127133), filed October 31, 2005)

 AMERISAFE, Inc. 2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Annex A to the 
Company's Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 28, 2017)

 Form of 2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 27, 2015) 

  10.10* 

 AMERISAFE, Inc. 2018 Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the 
Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 27, 2018)

  10.11* 

 Form of 2012 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2014) 

  10.12* 

 Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 6, 2010)

  10.13* 

 Form of Annual Incentive Compensation Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's 
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 26, 2016)

  10.14 

  10.15 

  10.16 

 Second Casualty Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2012 issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
March 9, 2012) 

 Casualty Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract, effective as of January 1, 2014, issued to the Company by the reinsurers 
named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 27, 2015) 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract, effective as of January 1, 2016, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 26, 2016) 

103 

 
 
   
 
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
Exhibits: 

  10.17 

  10.18 

  10.19 

  10.20 

  10.21 

  10.22 

  10.23 

  21.1 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2017, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 24, 2017) 

 Casualty Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2017, issued to the Company by the reinsurers 
named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 
24, 2017) 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2018, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named herein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 28, 2018) 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2019, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named herein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 28, 2019) 

 Casualty Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2020, issued to the Company by the reinsurers 
named herein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 
25, 2020) 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2020, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named herein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
February 25, 2020) 

 Casualty Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Contract effective as of January 1, 2021, issued to the Company by the 
reinsurers named herein  

 Subsidiaries of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed February 26, 2016) 

  23.1 

 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP 

  24.1 

 Powers of Attorney for our directors and certain executive officers

  31.1 

 Certification of G. Janelle Frost filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

  31.2 

 Certification of Neal A. Fuller filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

  32.1 

 Certification of G. Janelle Frost and Neal A. Fuller filed pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS 

 XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are 
embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH 

 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL 

 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF 

 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB 

 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE 

 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104 

 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 

*  Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement 

Item 16. 

Form 10-K Summary. 

Not applicable. 

104 

 
   
 
  
  
   
 
  
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 

report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on February 26, 2021. 

SIGNATURES 

AMERISAFE, INC. 

By:   

/s/    G. Janelle Frost 
G. Janelle Frost 
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons 

on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on February 26, 2021. 

/s/    G. Janelle Frost 
G. Janelle Frost 

/s/    Neal A. Fuller 
Neal A. Fuller 

* 
Jared A. Morris 

* 
Michael J. Brown 

* 
Teri G. Fontenot 

* 
Philip A. Garcia 

* 
Millard E. Morris 

* 
Randall Roach 

* 
Sean Traynor 

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 

Chairman and Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Kathryn H. Shirley, by signing her name hereto, does hereby sign this Annual Report on Form 10-K on behalf of the above-

named directors of AMERISAFE, Inc. on this 26th day of February 2021, pursuant to powers of attorney executed on behalf of such 
directors and contemporaneously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

*By:  

/s/    Kathryn H. Shirley 
Kathryn H. Shirley, Attorney-in-Fact 

105 

 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDER RETURN PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The following performance graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return on

AMERISAFE’s common stock with the S&P Small Cap 600 Index and the S&P Property & Casualty
Insurance Index, assuming an initial investment of $100 on December 31, 2015, and the reinvestment
of all dividends, if any.

AMERISAFE, Inc.

Total Return Performance

AMERISAFE, Inc.

S&P SmallCap 600 Index

S&P 600 Property & Casualty Insurance Index

200

150

100

l

e
u
a
V
x
e
d
n

I

50
12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

12/31/19

12/31/20

Index

12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

12/31/19

12/31/20

AMERISAFE, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00 130.43 138.07 136.44 169.79 159.46
S&P SmallCap 600 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00 126.56 143.30 131.15 161.03 179.20
S&P 600 Property & Casualty Insurance

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00 115.71 141.61 134.97 169.88 181.70

Period Ending

 
Executive Officers

G. JANELLE FROST
President, Chief Executive 
Officer and Director

NEAL A. FULLER
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer

VINCENT J. GAGLIANO
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Risk Officer

ANDREW B. McCRAY
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Underwriting Officer

KATHRYN H. SHIRLEY
Executive Vice President, Chief 
Administrative Officer and Secretary

Directors

Jared A. Morris 
(1)(2)(3)(4) 

Michael J. Brown 
(1)(2)(4) 

Teri G. Fontenot 
(1)(3)(4) 

G. Janelle Frost 
(4) 

Philip A. Garcia 
(1)(2)(4) 

Millard E. Morris 
(4) 

Randall E. Roach 
(2)(3)(4) 

Sean M. Traynor 
(2)(3)(4) 

Securities Traded 
NASDAQ Global Select Market 
Symbol: AMSF

Corporate Headquarters 
2301 Highway 190 West 
DeRidder, LA 70634 
(337) 463-9052 
www.amerisafe.com

Independent Accountants 
Ernst & Young LLP

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 

Audit Committee member
Compensation Committee member
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee member
Risk Committee member

Annual Meeting 
The Annual Meeting will be held on 
June 11, 2021 at 9:00 a.m. 
at AMERISAFE’s corporate headquarters. A 
proxy statement will be sent to shareholders on 
or about May 4, 2021.

Registrar and Transfer Agent 
Computershare
P.O. Box 505000 
Louisville, KY 40233-5000 
(800) 962-4284