Ansys
Annual Report 2015

Plain-text annual report

ANSYS INC FORM 10-K (Annual Report) Filed 02/25/16 for the Period Ending 12/31/15 Address Telephone CIK Symbol SIC Code Industry Sector Fiscal Year 2600 ANSYS DRIVE, SOUTHPOINTE CANONSBURG, PA 15317 8444626797 0001013462 ANSS 7372 - Prepackaged Software Software Technology 12/31 http://www.edgar-online.com © Copyright 2017, EDGAR Online, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Distribution and use of this document restricted under EDGAR Online, Inc. Terms of Use. UNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSIONWASHINGTON, D.C. 20549FORM 10-K(Mark One)xANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015ORoTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934Commission File Number 0-20853ANSYS, Inc.(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)Delaware 04-3219960(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)2600 ANSYS Drive, Canonsburg, PA 15317(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)844-462-6797(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC(Title of each class) (Name of exchange on which registered)Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:None(Title of class)Indicate by a check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨Indicate by a check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No xIndicate by a check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during thepreceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90days. Yes x No ¨Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to besubmitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant wasrequired to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨Indicate by a check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein and will not becontained, to the best of the Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in PART III of this Form 10-K, or any amendmentto this Form 10-K. ¨Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company (as defined inExchange Act Rule 12b-2). (Check one):Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ¨ No xThe aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the Common Stock on June 30, 2015 asreported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, was $6,131,000,000 . Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director, and each shareholder who owns 5% or moreof the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such shareholders may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily aconclusive determination for other purposes.The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of February 16, 2016 was 88,204,974 shares.Documents Incorporated By Reference:Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Registrant's 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.ANSYS, Inc.ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR FISCAL YEAR 2015Table of Contents PART I Item 1.Business3Item 1A.Risk Factors10Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments18Item 2.Properties18Item 3.Legal Proceedings18Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures18 PART II Item 5.Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities19Item 6.Selected Financial Data22Item 7.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations23Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk48Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data49Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure50Item 9A.Controls and Procedures50Item 9B.Other Information50 PART III Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance51Item 11.Executive Compensation51Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management, and Related Stockholder Matters51Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence51Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services51 PART IV Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules52 SIGNATURES822Table of ContentsImportant Factors Regarding Future ResultsInformation provided by ANSYS, Inc. (hereafter the "Company" or "ANSYS"), in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, may contain forward-looking statementsconcerning such matters as projected financial performance, market and industry segment growth, product development and commercialization, acquisitions orother aspects of future operations. Such statements, made pursuant to the safe harbor established by the securities laws, are based on the assumptions andexpectations of the Company's management at the time such statements are made. The Company cautions investors that its performance (and, therefore, anyforward-looking statement) is subject to risks and uncertainties. Various important factors including, but not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors,may cause the Company's future results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement. All information presented is as ofDecember 31, 2015 , unless otherwise indicated.PART IITEM 1.BUSINESSANSYS, a Delaware corporation formed in 1994, develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers,researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including aerospace and defense, automotive, industrial equipment, electronics,biomedical, energy, materials and chemical processing, and semiconductors. Headquartered south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Company and its subsidiariesemployed approximately 2,800 people as of December 31, 2015 . The Company focuses on the development of open and flexible solutions that enable users toanalyze designs directly on the desktop, providing a common platform for fast, efficient and cost-conscious product development, from design concept to final-stage testing and validation. The Company distributes its ANSYS ® suite of simulation technologies through a global network of independent resellers anddistributors (collectively, channel partners) and direct sales offices in strategic, global locations. It is the Company's intention to continue to maintain this hybridsales and distribution model.The Company's product portfolio consists of the following:Simulation Platform: ANSYS ® Workbench ™ ANSYS Workbench is the framework upon which the Company's suite of advanced engineering simulation technologies is built. The innovative project schematicview ties together the entire simulation process, guiding the user through complex multiphysics analyses with drag-and-drop simplicity. With bi-directionalcomputer-aided design ("CAD") connectivity, powerful highly-automated meshing, a project-level update mechanism, pervasive parameter management andintegrated optimization tools, the ANSYS Workbench platform delivers unprecedented productivity, enabling Simulation-Driven Product Development ™ .Simulation Process and Data ManagementANSYS Engineering Knowledge Manager ™ ("ANSYS EKM") is a comprehensive solution for simulation-based process and data management challenges.ANSYS EKM provides solutions and benefits to all levels of a company, enabling an organization to address the critical issues associated with simulation data,including backup and archival, traceability and audit trail, process automation, collaboration and capture of engineering expertise, and intellectual propertyprotection.High-Performance ComputingThe Company's high-performance computing ("HPC") product suite enables enhanced insight into product performance and improves the productivity of thedesign process. The HPC product suite delivers cross-physics parallel processing capabilities for the full spectrum of the Company's simulation software bysupporting structures, fluids, thermal and electronics simulations. This product suite decreases turnaround time for individual simulations, allowing users toconsider multiple design ideas and make the right design decisions early in the design cycle.Geometry InterfacesThe Company offers comprehensive geometry handling solutions for engineering simulation in an integrated environment with direct interfaces to all major CADsystems, support of additional readers and translators, and an integrated geometry modeler exclusively focused on analysis.3Table of ContentsMeshingCreating a mesh that transforms a physical model into a mathematical model is a critical and foundational step in almost every engineering simulation study.Accurate meshing is especially challenging today with increasing product design complexity and heightened expectations of product performance. The Company'smeshing technology provides a means to balance these requirements, obtaining the right mesh for each simulation in the most automated way possible. Thetechnology is built on the strengths of world-class leading algorithms that are integrated in a single environment to produce extremely robust and reliable meshing.CustomizationANSYS Workbench enables companies to create a customized simulation environment to deploy specialized simulation best practices and automations unique totheir product development process or industry. With ANSYS ACT, end users or ANSYS partners can modify the user interface, process simulation data or embedthird-party applications to create specialized tools based on ANSYS Workbench.StructuresThe Company's structural analysis product suite offers simulation tools for product design and optimization that increase productivity, minimize physicalprototyping and help to deliver better and more innovative products in less time. These tools tackle real-world analysis problems by making product developmentless costly and more reliable. In addition, these tools have capabilities that cover a broad range of analysis types, elements, contacts, materials, equation solvers andcoupled physics capabilities all targeted toward understanding and solving complex design problems.Explicit DynamicsThe Company's explicit dynamics product suite simulates events involving short duration, large strain, large deformation, fracture, complete material failure orstructural problems with complex interactions. This suite is ideal for simulating physical events that occur in a short period of time and may result in materialdamage or failure. Such events are often difficult or expensive to study experimentally.CompositesComposites blend two or more materials that possess very different properties. The Company's composite analysis and optimization technology efficiently definesmaterials, plies and stacking sequences, and also offers a wide choice of state-of-the-art failure criteria. The Company's composite software provides all necessaryfunctionalities for finite element analysis of layered composites structures.FluidsThe Company's fluids product suite enables modeling of fluid flow and other related physical phenomena. Fluid flow analysis capabilities provide all the toolsneeded to design and optimize new fluids equipment and to troubleshoot already existing installations. The suite contains general-purpose computational fluiddynamics software and specialized products to address specific industry applications.ElectronicsThe Company's electronics product suite provides field simulation software for designing high-performance electronic and electromechanical products. Thesoftware streamlines the design process and predicts performance of mobile communication and internet-access devices, broadband networking components andsystems, integrated circuits ("ICs") and printed circuit boards ("PCBs"), as well as electromechanical systems such as automotive components and powerelectronics equipment, all prior to building a prototype.SemiconductorsAdvancements in semiconductor design and manufacturing enable smaller electronic architectures. Shrinking geometries, especially in the emerging 3D IC,FinFET and stacked-die architectures, reveal design challenges related to power and reliability. The Company's power analysis and optimization software suitemanages the power budget, power delivery integrity and power-induced noise in an electronic design, from initial prototyping to system sign off. These solutionsdeliver accuracy with correlation to silicon measurement; the capacity to handle an entire electronic system, including IC, package and PCB, efficiency for ease-of-debug and fast turnaround time; and comprehensiveness to facilitate cross-domain communications and electronic ecosystem enablement.4Table of ContentsMultiphysicsThe Company's Workbench framework allows engineers and designers to incorporate the compounding effects of multiple physics into a virtual prototype of theirdesign and simulate its operation under real-world conditions. As product architectures become smaller, lighter and more complex, companies must be able toaccurately predict how products will behave in real-world environments, where multiple types of physics interact in a coupled way. ANSYS multiphysics softwareenables engineers and scientists to simulate the interactions between structures, heat transfer, fluids and electronics all within a single, unified engineeringsimulation environment.Embedded SoftwareThe Company's SCADE product suite is a comprehensive solution for embedded software simulation, code production and automated certification. It has beendeveloped specifically for use in critical systems with high dependability requirements, including aerospace, rail transportation, nuclear, industrial applications and,more recently, automotive. SCADE software supports the entire development workflow, from requirements analysis and design, through verification,implementation and deployment. SCADE solutions easily integrate with each other and the rest of the ANSYS product suite, allowing for developmentoptimization and increased communication among team members.SystemsThe Company delivers a unique and comprehensive system simulation capability that is ideal for the design of today's increasingly automated products. Thiscollaborative environment leverages the Company's multiphysics, multibody dynamics, circuit and embedded software simulation capabilities, enabling users tosimulate the complex interactions between components, circuits and control software within a single environment. These technologies provide a complete viewinto predicted product performance, which creates greater design confidence for engineers.3-D Direct ModelingThe Company's 3-D direct modeling technology provides a CAD-neutral environment to modify and prepare geometry for simulation. This approach allowsengineers to dramatically reduce the pre-processing step in simulation, and ultimately delivers product design insights much faster in the earliest stages ofdevelopment.AcademicThe Company's academic product suite provides a highly scalable portfolio of academic products based on several usage tiers, including associate, research andteaching. Each tier includes various noncommercial products that bundle a broad range of physics and advanced coupled field solver capabilities. The academicproduct suite provides entry-level tools intended for class demonstrations and hands-on instruction. It includes flexible terms of use and more complex analysissuitable for doctoral and post-doctoral research projects. The Company also provides a special product at no cost to students that is suitable for use away from theclassroom and in non-commercial applications.PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTThe Company makes significant investments in research and development and emphasizes frequent, integrated product releases. The Company's productdevelopment strategy centers on ongoing development and innovation of new technologies to increase productivity and to provide engineering simulation solutionsthat customers can integrate into enterprise-wide product lifecycle management ("PLM") systems. The Company's product development efforts focus on extensionsof the full product line with new functional modules, further integration with CAD, electronic CAD ("ECAD"), PLM products and the development of newproducts. The Company's products run on the most widely used engineering computing platforms and operating systems, including Windows, Linux and mostUNIX workstations.During the year ended December 31, 2015 and in the period from January 1, 2016 until the filing date, the Company completed the following major productdevelopment activities and releases:•In January 2016, the Company released ANSYS 17.0. HPC solutions, with demonstrable order of magnitude speed-ups, were made across fluids,structures and electromagnetic simulation. Engineering teams can leverage this power from their desktop or Cloud environments. Significant innovationwas delivered across all physics domains in ANSYS 17.0 as well as in the area of complete virtual prototyping, allowing for full systems simulations. TheANSYS Workbench platform expanded its integrated interface for customization to cover virtually the entire portfolio as well as third-party solutions,sustaining its leadership as the industry's broadest engineering simulation platform.5Table of Contents•In December 2015, the Company released a version of ANSYS SpaceClaim™ with new features to empower users to quickly and easily manipulate 3-Dmodels across the entire product development cycle. This will decrease the time needed to reverse-engineer parts or prepare models for 3-D printing. Atthe same time, ANSYS FENSAP-ICE™ and ANSYS FENSAP-ICE Turbo™ were launched with comprehensive state-of-the-art capabilities for aircrafticing simulation. These releases provide integration with ANSYS CFX ® and enable aerospace engineers to predict in-flight icing for aircraft, engines,probes and components more efficiently and accurately.•In August 2015, the Company announced the release of ANSYS 16.2, which features enhancements to the Company's multiphysics and systemscapabilities. New capabilities include heat transfer and thermal stress, gas flows, and structural deformation and stress. The release also featuresimprovements in systems engineering, workflow and automation for developing embedded software systems for avionics, as required by the aerospaceand defense industries. New capabilities were added in the ANSYS Workbench platform and ANSYS ACT to customize simulation tools to accelerate theoverall design process and workflows. In addition, the release enhances the abilities of ANSYS Simplorer ® , which can now assemble and simulateelectrical, electronic, thermo-fluid, mechanical and embedded software components.•In May 2015, ANSYS 16.1 and ANSYS Enterprise Cloud™ were launched to allow customers to deploy consistent, enterprise-specific simulationworkflows and data to more engineers, regardless of their geographic location or business unit. The new solution, running on Amazon Web Services("AWS"), simplifies and accelerates the transition to cloud-based simulation by providing a reference architecture for end-to-end simulation that can bedeployed within days, which minimizes risk while boosting productivity.•In January 2015, the Company announced the release of ANSYS 16.0 with major advancements across the Company's entire product portfolio. Therelease includes capabilities to verify electronics reliability and performance throughout the design process and complex electronics industry supplychains. It also includes enhancements to help engineers reduce product weight while improving structural performance and design aesthetics. Modelingcapabilities were extended to enable hardware and software engineers to define the intricacies of a system's and its subsystems' operations. In addition,engineers are now able to study more complex designs and physical phenomena involving fluid flow in less time. This was also the first release ofANSYS AIM ® , the first integrated and comprehensive multiphysics simulation environment designed for engineers.The Company's total research and development expenses were $168.8 million , $165.4 million and $151.4 million in 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively, or 17.9%, 17.7% and 17.6% of total revenue, respectively. As of December 31, 2015 , the Company's product development staff consisted of approximately 1,000employees, most of whom hold advanced degrees and have industry experience in engineering, mathematics, computer science or related disciplines. TheCompany has traditionally invested significant resources in research and development activities and intends to continue to make investments in expanding the easeof use and capabilities of its broad portfolio of simulation software products. More specifically, this includes the evolution of its ANSYS Workbench platform,expansion of high-performance computing capabilities, ANSYS AIM immersive user interface, offerings on ANSYS Enterprise Cloud, robust design and ongoingintegration of acquired technology.PRODUCT QUALITYThe Company's employees generally perform product development tasks according to predefined quality plans, procedures and work instructions. Certain technicalsupport tasks are also subject to a quality process. These plans define for each project the methods to be used, the responsibilities of project participants and thequality objectives to be met. The majority of software products are developed under a quality system that is certified to the ISO 9001:2008 standard. The Companyestablishes quality plans for its products and services, and subjects product designs to multiple levels of testing and verification in accordance with processesestablished under the Company's quality system.SALES AND MARKETINGThe Company distributes and supports its products through a global network of independent channel partners, as well as through its own direct sales offices. Thischannel partner network provides the Company with a cost-effective, highly-specialized channel of distribution and technical support. It also enables the Companyto draw on business and technical expertise from a global network, provides relative stability to the Company's operations to offset geography-specific economictrends and provides the Company with an opportunity to take advantage of new geographic markets. The Company derived 24.2% , 24.9% and 25.3% of its totalrevenue through the indirect sales channel for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.The channel partners sell ANSYS products to new customers, expand installations within the existing customer base, offer training and consulting services, andprovide the first line of ANSYS technical support. The Company's channel partner6Table of Contentscertification process helps to ensure that each channel partner has the ongoing capability to adequately represent the Company's expanding product lines and toprovide an acceptable level of training, consultation and customer support.The Company also has a direct sales management organization in place to develop an enterprise-wide, focused sales approach and to implement a worldwide majoraccount strategy. The sales management organization also functions as a focal point for requests to ANSYS from the channel partners and provides additionalsupport in strategic locations through the presence of direct sales offices.During 2015 , the Company continued to invest in its existing domestic and international strategic sales offices. In total, the Company's direct sales organizationcomprises 1,300 employees who are responsible for the sales, technical support, consulting services, marketing initiatives and administrative activities designed tosupport the Company's overall revenue growth and expansion strategies.The Company's products are utilized by organizations ranging in size from small consulting firms to the world's largest industrial companies. No single customeraccounted for more than 5% of the Company's revenue in 2015 , 2014 or 2013 .Information with respect to foreign and domestic revenue may be found in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements in Part IV, Item 15 of this AnnualReport on Form 10-K and in the section entitled “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 ofthis Annual Report on Form 10-K.STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND MARKETING RELATIONSHIPSThe Company has established and continues to pursue strategic alliances with advanced technology suppliers, hardware vendors, specialized applicationdevelopers, and CAD, ECAD and PLM providers. The Company believes that these relationships facilitate accelerated incorporation of advanced technology intothe Company's products, provide access to new customers, expand the Company's sales channels, develop specialized product applications and provide directintegration with leading CAD, electronic design automation ("EDA"), product data management and PLM systems.The Company has technical and marketing relationships with leading CAD vendors, such as Autodesk, PTC and Siemens Product Lifecycle ManagementSoftware, to provide direct links between products. These links facilitate the transfer of electronic data models between the CAD systems and ANSYS products.Similarly, the Company maintains marketing and software development relationships with leading EDA software companies, including Cadence Design Systems,Synopsys, Mentor Graphics, Zuken and National Instruments. These relationships support transfer of data between electronics design and layout packages and theANSYS electronics simulation portfolio.The Company has established various initiatives with partners to increase customers' engineering productivity by simplifying and increasing the adoption of HPC.For example, the Company has partnered with companies like Fujitsu, HPE and Lenovo, and developed turn-key HPC appliances which are out-of-the-box, plug-and-simulate, externally managed HPC clusters, optimized for ANSYS applications, and pre-configured with ANSYS software and job management software. Inaddition, the Company joined the OpenHPC community to enable customers to reduce risk and to save time with specifying, deploying and managing HPCsystems. In 2015, ANSYS and Cray, working in conjunction with the supercomputing centers NCSA and NERSC, established a new simulation world record byscaling ANSYS Fluent ® to 129,000 compute cores.In the area of cloud computing, the Company has tightened its partnership with Amazon Web Services by providing enterprise customers a reference architecturefor end-to-end simulation that can be globally deployed in a virtual private cloud on demand within days. Due to the Company's participation in the AWS PartnerNetwork, the Company was able to work with other partners who had extensive expertise running workloads in the Cloud, such as Cycle Computing and NICESoftware, to develop the new ANSYS Enterprise Cloud solution. In addition, the Company strengthened its cloud-hosting service partnerships with Atos, CPU24/7, Gompute, Nimbix, R Systems and Penguin Computing by further improving best practices for executing engineering simulation in the Cloud.The Company's Enhanced Solution Partner Program actively encourages specialized developers of software solutions to use the Company's technology as adevelopment platform for their applications and provides customers with enhanced functionality related to their use of the Company's software. With over 100active enhanced solution partnerships, spanning a wide range of technologies, including optimization, electronics, mechanical simulation, fluid simulation andCAD, this partner ecosystem extends the depth and breadth of the Company's technology offerings.The Company has a software license agreement with Livermore Software Technology Corporation ("LSTC") whereby LSTC has provided LS-DYNA software forexplicit dynamics solutions used in applications such as crash test simulations in automotive and other industries. Under this arrangement, LSTC assists in theintegration of the LS-DYNA software with the7Table of ContentsCompany's pre- and post-processing capabilities and provides updates and problem resolution in return for royalties from sales of the ANSYS/LS-DYNAcombined product.The Company has a software license agreement with HBM that provides the advanced fatigue capabilities of nCode DesignLife™, a leading durability softwarefrom HBM. ANSYS nCode DesignLife™ technology leverages the open architecture of the ANSYS platform and enables mechanical engineers to more easilyaddress complex product life and durability issues before a prototype is built.The Company has a software license agreement with NICE that targets the emerging paradigm of data-center-based deployment of simulation. EngineFrame fromNICE is bundled with ANSYS EKM and facilitates running interactive ANSYS applications on remote data centers.COMPETITIONThe Company believes that the principal factors affecting sales of its software include ease of use, breadth and depth of functionality, flexibility, quality, ease ofintegration with other software systems, file compatibility across computer platforms, range of supported computer platforms, performance, price and total cost ofownership, customer service and support, company reputation and financial viability, and effectiveness of sales and marketing efforts.The Company continues to experience competition across all markets for its products and services. Some of the Company's current and possible future competitorshave greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than the Company, and some have well-established relationships with current and potentialcustomers of the Company. The Company's current and possible future competitors also include firms that have or may in the future elect to compete by means ofopen source licensing. These competitive pressures may result in decreased sales volumes, price reductions and/or increased operating costs, and could result inlower revenues, margins and net income.PROPRIETARY RIGHTS AND LICENSESThe Company regards its software as proprietary and relies on a combination of trade secret, copyright, patent and trademark laws, license agreements,nondisclosure and other contractual provisions, and technical measures to protect its proprietary rights in its products. The Company distributes its softwareproducts under software license agreements that grant customers nonexclusive licenses, which are typically nontransferable, for the use of the Company's products.License agreements for the Company's products are directly between the Company and end users. Use of the licensed software product is restricted to specifiedsites unless the customer obtains a multi-site license for its use of the software product. Software security measures are also employed to prevent unauthorized useof the Company's software products and the licensed software is subject to terms and conditions prohibiting unauthorized reproduction. Customers may purchase aperpetual license of the technology with the right to annually purchase ongoing maintenance, technical support and upgrades, or may lease the product on a fixed-term basis for a fee that includes the license, maintenance, technical support and upgrades.The Company licenses its software products utilizing a combination of web-based and hard-copy license terms and forms. For certain software products, theCompany primarily relies on "click-wrapped" licenses. The enforceability of these types of agreements under the laws of some jurisdictions is uncertain.The Company also seeks to protect the source code of its software as a trade secret and as unpublished copyrighted work. The Company has obtained federaltrademark registration protection for ANSYS and other marks in the U.S. and foreign countries. Additionally, the Company was awarded numerous patents by theU.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and has a number of patent applications pending. To the extent the Company does not choose to seek patent protection for itsintellectual property, the Company primarily relies on the protection of its source code as a trade secret.Employees of the Company have signed agreements under which they have agreed not to disclose trade secrets or confidential information. These agreements,where legally permitted, restrict engagement in or connection with any business that is competitive with the Company anywhere in the world while employed bythe Company (and, in some cases, for specified periods thereafter) and state that any products or technology created by employees during their term of employmentare the property of the Company. In addition, the Company requires all channel partners to enter into agreements not to disclose the Company's trade secrets andother proprietary information.Despite these precautions, there can be no assurance that misappropriation of the Company's technology and proprietary information (including source code) willbe prevented. Further, there can be no assurance that copyright, trademark, patent and trade secret protection will be available for the Company's products incertain jurisdictions, or that restrictions on the ability of employees and channel partners to engage in activities competitive with the Company will be enforceable.Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary in the future to enforce the Company's rights to its trade secrets and proprietary8Table of Contentsinformation or to enforce its patent rights and copyrights, and it is possible that, in the future, the Company's competitors may be able to obtain the Company'strade secrets or to independently develop similar, unpatented technology.The software development industry is characterized by rapid technological change. Therefore, the Company believes that factors such as the technological andcreative skills of its personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, name recognition and reliable product maintenance are also importantto establishing and maintaining technology leadership in addition to the various legal protections of its technology that may be available.The Company does not believe that any of its products infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties. There can be no assurance, however, that third partieswill not claim such infringement by the Company or its licensors or licensees with respect to current or future products. The Company expects that softwaresuppliers will increasingly be subject to the risk of such claims as the number of products and suppliers continues to expand and the functionality of productscontinues to increase. Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, cause product release delays or require theCompany to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to theCompany.SEASONAL VARIATIONSThe Company's business has experienced seasonality, including quarterly reductions in software sales resulting from slowdowns of customer activities during thesummer months, particularly in Europe, as well as from the seasonal purchasing and budgeting patterns of the Company's global customers. The Company'srevenue is typically highest in the fourth quarter.DEFERRED REVENUE AND BACKLOGDeferred revenue consists of billings made or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from software license and maintenance agreements. Thedeferred revenue on the Company's consolidated balance sheets does not represent the total value of annual or multi-year, noncancellable software license andmaintenance agreements. The Company's backlog represents installment billings for periods beyond the current quarterly billing cycle and custom er ordersreceived but not processed. The Company's deferred revenue and backlog as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 consisted of the following: Balance at December 31, 2015(in thousands)Total Current Long-TermDeferred revenue$379,740 $364,644 $15,096Backlog124,290 47,015 77,275Total$504,030 $411,659 $92,371 Balance at December 31, 2014(in thousands)Total Current Long-TermDeferred revenue$345,305 $332,664 $12,641Backlog122,985 41,390 81,595Total$468,290 $374,054 $94,236Revenue associated with deferred revenue and backlog that will be recognized in the subsequent twelve months is classified as current in the table above.EMPLOYEESAs of December 31, 2015 , the Company employed approximately 2,800 people. At that date, there were also contract personnel and co-op students providingongoing development services and technical support. Certain employees of the Company are subject to collective bargaining agreements and have local workcouncils.9Table of ContentsACQUISITIONSThe Company makes targeted acquisitions in order to support its long-term strategic direction, accelerate innovation, provide increased capabilities to its existingproducts, supply new products and services, expand its customer base and enhance its distribution channels.The Company completed various acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2015 to accelerate the development of new and innovative products to themarketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers. These acquisitions were not individually significant. The combined purchase price of theacquisitions was approximately $49.7 million , which included cash and equity.During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 , the combined purchase price for acquisitions was $104.0 million and $8.1 million , respectively. Theacquisitions during these years are further described in the table below:Date of Closing Company DetailsApril 30, 2014 SpaceClaim Corporation SpaceClaim Corporation ("SpaceClaim"), a leading provider of 3-D modeling technology, was acquired for$85.0 million. SpaceClaim's software provides customers with a powerful and intuitive 3-D direct modelingsolution to author new concepts and then leverage the power of simulation to rapidly iterate on these designsto drive innovation.January 3, 2014 Reaction Design Reaction Design, a leading developer of chemistry simulation software, was acquired for $19.1 million.Reaction Design's solutions enable transportation manufacturers and energy companies to rapidly achieve theirclean technology goals by automating the analysis of chemical processes via computer simulation andmodeling solutions.April 2, 2013 EVEN - Evolutionary EngineeringAG EVEN - Evolutionary Engineering AG ("EVEN"), a leading provider of composite analysis and optimizationtechnology relying on cloud computing, was acquired for $8.1 million. The acquisition of EVEN strengthensthe Company's simulation solutions for composites technology. The use of composites has become a standardin manufacturing in a wide range of industries due to its combination of light weight, high strength andoutstanding flexibility.For further information on the Company's business combinations, see Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this AnnualReport on Form 10-K.AVAILABLE INFORMATIONThe Company's website is www.ansys.com . The Company also maintains a presence on social media through its blog at www.ansys-blog.com , Facebook page atwww.facebook.com/ANSYSInc , Twitter account at twitter.com/ANSYS, YouTube account at www.youtube.com/user/ansysinc and LinkedIn page atwww.linkedin.com/company/ansys-inc . The Company makes available on its website, free of cha rge, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form10-Q, interactive data files, Current Reports on Form 8-K, reports filed pursuant to Section 16 and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant toSection 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are electronically filed orfurnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC "). The Company's reports may also be obtained by accessing the EDGAR database of the SEC'swebsite at www.sec.gov . In addition, the Company has posted the charters for its Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominating and CorporateGovernance Committee, and Strategy Committee, as well as the Company's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Standard Business Practices and CorporateGovernance Guidelines on its website. Information posted on the Company's website or social media accounts is not incorporated by reference in this AnnualReport on Form 10-K.ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORSInformation provided by the Company or its spokespersons, including information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, may from time to time containforward-looking statements concerning projected financial performance, market and industry sector growth, product development and commercialization or otheraspects of future operations. Such statements will be based on the assumptions and expectations of the Company's management at the time such statements aremade. The Company cautions investors that its performance (and, therefore, any forward-looking statement) is subject to risks and uncertainties. Various importantfactors, including, but not limited to, the following may cause the Company's future results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-lookingstatement.Global Economic Conditions. The Company's operations and performance depend significantly on foreign and domestic economic conditions. Uncertainty in themacroeconomic environment, as well as geopolitical conditions, have resulted in significant volatility in credit, equity and foreign currency markets. This volatilityand the related economic conditions may10Table of Contentsnegatively impact the Company as customers defer spending in response to tighter credit, higher unemployment, financial market volatility, government austerityprograms, negative financial news, declining valuations of investments and other factors. In addition, certain of the Company's customers' budgets may beconstrained and they may be unable to purchase the Company's products at the same level as they have in prior periods. Customer spending levels may be impactedby decreased government spending in certain countries as concerns continue regarding economic conditions and government debt levels. These conditions maypersist or further deteriorate for an extended period of time. As the global economy continues to experience volatility, the Company may be exposed toimpairments of certain assets as their values deteriorate.Tighter credit due to economic conditions may diminish the Company's future borrowing ability. The Company's customers' ability to pay for the Company'sproducts and services may also be impaired, which may lead to an increase in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts and write-offs of accountsreceivable. Since the Company is exposed to the majority of major world markets, uncertainty in any significant market may negatively impact the Company'sperformance and results, particularly with respect to the Company's largest geographic customer bases. The Company is unable to predict the likely duration andseverity of changing economic conditions or the likelihood of additional uncertainty arising in any of the Company's key markets. Should these economicconditions result in the Company not meeting its revenue growth objectives, the Company's operating results, cash flows and financial condition could beadversely affected.Decline in Customers' Businesses. The Company's sales are based significantly on end-user demand for products in key industrial sectors. Many of these sectorsperiodically experience economic declines, which may be exacerbated by other economic factors. These factors may also adversely affect the Company's businessby extending sales cycles and reducing revenue. These economic factors may cause the Company's customers to reduce the size of their workforce or cut back onoperations and may lead to a reduction in renewals of licenses or maintenance contracts with the Company. The Company's customers may request discounts orextended payment terms on new products or seek to extend payment terms on existing contracts, all of which may cause fluctuations in the Company's futureoperating results. The Company may not be able to adjust its operating expenses to offset such fluctuations because a substantial portion of the Company'soperating expenses is related to personnel, facilities and marketing programs. The level of personnel and related expenses may not be able to be adjusted quicklyand is based, in significant part, on the Company's expectation for future revenue.Risks Associated with International Activities. A majority of the Company's business comes from outside the United States and the Company has customers thatsupply a wide spectrum of goods and services in virtually all of the world's major economic regions. As the Company continues to expand its sales presence ininternational regions, the portion of its revenue, expenses, cash, accounts receivable and payment obligations denominated in foreign currencies continues toincrease. If any of the foreign economies in which the Company does business deteriorate or suffer periods of uncertainty, the Company's business andperformance may be negatively impacted through reduced customer spending, changes in purchasing cycles or timing, reduced access to credit for its customers, orother factors impacting the Company's international sales and collections. The Company's results may also be negatively impacted by geopolitical tensions, whichmay result in increased economic volatility.As a result of its increasing international activities, the Company has revenue, expenses, cash, accounts receivable and payment obligations denominated in foreigncurrencies. As a result, the Company is subject to currency exchange risk. The Company's revenues and operating results are adversely affected when the U.S.Dollar strengthens relative to other currencies and are positively affected when the U.S. Dollar weakens. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates will affectthe Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In the event that there are economic declines in countries in which the Company conductstransactions, the resulting changes in currency exchange rates may affect the Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company ismost impacted by movements in and among the Euro, Japanese Yen, South Korean Won, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Indian Rupee and U.S. Dollar. TheCompany seeks to reduce currency exchange transaction risks primarily through its normal operating and treasury activities, but there can be no assurance that itwill be successful in reducing these risks.Additional risks inherent in the Company's international business activities include imposition of government controls; export license requirements; restrictions onthe export of critical technology, products and services; the violation of anti-corruption laws and regulations, which are applicable to the Company, by third partiesin countries where such conduct may be permissible or commonplace; political and economic instability; trade restrictions; changes in tariffs and taxes; difficultiesin staffing and managing international operations; changes in data privacy regulations; longer accounts receivable payment cycles; and the burdens of complyingwith a wide variety of foreign laws and regulations. Effective patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret protection may not be available in every foreign countryin which the Company sells its products and services. The Company's business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be materially,adversely affected by any of these risks.11Table of ContentsSales Forecasts. The Company makes many operational and strategic decisions based upon short- and long-term sales forecasts. The Company's sales personnelcontinually monitor the status of all proposals, including the estimated closing date and the value of the sale, in order to forecast quarterly sales. These forecasts aresubject to significant estimation and are impacted by many external factors, including global economic conditions and the performance of the Company'scustomers. A variation in actual sales activity from that forecasted could cause the Company to plan or budget incorrectly and, therefore, could adversely affect theCompany's business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company's management team forecasts macroeconomic trends anddevelopments, and integrates them through long-range planning into budgets, research and development strategies and a wide variety of general managementduties. Global economic conditions, and the effect those conditions and other disruptions in global markets have on the Company's customers, may have asignificant impact on the accuracy of the Company's sales forecasts. These conditions may increase the likelihood or the magnitude of variations between actualsales activity and the Company's sales forecasts and, as a result, the Company's performance may be hindered because of a failure to properly match corporatestrategy with economic conditions. This, in turn, may adversely affect the Company's business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.Stock Market and Stock Price Volatility. Market prices for securities of software companies have generally been volatile. In particular, the market price of theCompany's common stock has been, and may continue to be, subject to significant fluctuations as a result of factors affecting the Company, the software industryor the securities markets in general. Such factors include, but are not limited to, declines in trading price that may be triggered by the Company's failure to meet theexpectations of securities analysts and investors. Moreover, the trading price could be subject to additional fluctuations in response to quarter-to-quarter variationsin the Company's operating results, material announcements made by the Company or its competitors, conditions in the financial markets or the software industrygenerally, or other events and factors, many of which are beyond the Company's control.Rapidly Changing Technology; New Products; Risk of Product Errors. The Company operates in an industry generally characterized by rapidly changingtechnology and frequent new product introductions, which can render existing products obsolete or unmarketable. A major factor in the Company's future successwill be its ability to anticipate technological changes and to develop and introduce, in a timely manner, enhancements to its existing products, products acquired inacquisitions and new products to meet those changes. If the Company is unable to introduce new products and to respond quickly to industry changes, its business,financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be materially, adversely affected.The introduction and marketing of new or enhanced products require the Company to manage the transition from existing products in order to minimize disruptionin customer purchasing patterns. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in developing and marketing, on a timely basis, new products orproduct enhancements, that the new products will adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace or that the Company will successfully manage thetransition from existing products. Software products as complex as those offered by the Company may contain undetected errors when first introduced, or as newversions are released, and the likelihood of errors is increased as a result of the Company's commitment to the frequency of its product releases. There can be noassurance that errors will not be found in any new or enhanced products after the commencement of commercial shipments. Certain products require a higher levelof sales and support expertise. The ability of the Company's sales channel, particularly the indirect channel, to obtain this expertise and to sell the new productofferings effectively could have an adverse impact on the Company's sales in future periods. Any of these problems may result in the loss of or delay in customeracceptance, diversion of development resources, damage to the Company's reputation, or increased service and warranty costs, any of which could have a material,adverse effect on the Company's business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.Product Quality. The Company has separate quality systems and registrations under the ISO 9001:2008 standard, in addition to other governmental and industrialregulations. The Company's continued compliance with quality standards and favorable outcomes in periodic examinations is important to retain current customersand vital to procure new sales. If the Company was determined not to be compliant with various regulatory or ISO 9001/9000 standards, its certificates ofregistration could be suspended, requiring remedial action and a time-consuming re-registration process. Product quality issues or failures could result in theCompany's reputation becoming diminished, resulting in a material, adverse impact on revenue, operating margins, net income, financial position and cash flows.Competition. The Company continues to experience competition across all markets for its products and services. Some of the Company's current and possiblefuture competitors have greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than the Company, and some have well-established relationships with currentand potential customers of the Company. The Company's current and possible future competitors also include firms that have competed or may in the future electto compete by means of open source licensing. Parties among the Company's current or future strategic alliances may diminish or sever technical, softwaredevelopment and marketing relationships with the Company for competitive purposes. These competitive pressures may result in decreased sales volumes, pricereductions and/or increased operating costs, and could result in lower revenues, margins and net income.12Table of ContentsChanges in the Company's Pricing Models. The intense competition the Company faces in the sales of its products and services, and general economic andbusiness conditions, can put pressure on the Company to adjust its prices. If the Company's competitors offer deep discounts on certain products or services, ordevelop products that the marketplace considers more valuable, the Company may need to lower prices or offer discounts or other favorable terms in order tocompete successfully. Any such changes may reduce operating margins and could adversely affect operating results. The Company's maintenance products, whichinclude software license updates and product support fees, are generally priced as a percentage of its new software license fees. The Company's competitors mayoffer lower percentage pricing on product updates and support that could put pressure on the Company to further discount its new license or product support prices.Any broad-based change to the Company's prices and pricing policies could cause new software license and service revenues to decline or be delayed as its salesforce implements and its customers adjust to the new pricing policies. Some of the Company's competitors may bundle software products for promotional purposesor as a long-term pricing strategy or provide guarantees of prices, product implementations or wider geographical license usage provisions. These practices could,over time, significantly constrain the prices that the Company can charge for certain products. If the Company does not adapt its pricing models to reflect changesin customer use of its products or changes in customer demand, the Company's new software license revenues could decrease. Additionally, increased distributionof applications through application service providers, including software-as-a-service providers, may reduce the average price for the Company's products oradversely affect other sales of the Company's products, reducing new software license revenues unless the Company can offset price reductions with volumeincreases. The increase in open source software distribution may also cause the Company to adjust its pricing models.Dependence on Senior Management and Key Technical Personnel. The Company's success depends upon the continued services of the Company's seniorexecutives, key technical employees and other employees. Each of the Company's executive officers, key technical personnel and other employees could terminatehis or her relationship with the Company at any time. The loss of any of the Company's senior executives might significantly delay or prevent the achievement ofthe Company's business objectives and could materially harm the Company's business and customer relationships.In addition, because of the highly technical nature of the Company's products, the Company must attract and retain highly skilled engineering and developmentpersonnel, many of whom are recruited from outside of the United States. The market for this talent is highly competitive. The Company is limited in its ability torecruit internationally by restrictive domestic immigration laws. If the Company has less success in recruiting and retaining key personnel, the Company's business,reputation and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.Dependence on Proprietary Technology. The Company's success is highly dependent upon its proprietary technology. The Company generally relies on contractsand the laws of copyrights, patents, trademarks and trade secrets to protect its technology. The Company maintains a trade secrets program, enters intoconfidentiality agreements with its employees and channel partners, and limits access to and distribution of its software, documentation and other proprietaryinformation. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company to protect its proprietary technology will be adequate to prevent misappropriation ofits technology by third parties, or that third parties will not be able to develop similar technology independently. Costly and time-consuming litigation could benecessary to enforce and determine the scope of trade secret rights and related confidentiality and nondisclosure provisions. Although the Company is not awarethat any of its technology infringes upon the rights of third parties, there can be no assurance that other parties will not assert technology infringement claimsagainst the Company or that, if asserted, such claims will not prevail.Risks Associated with Security of the Company's Products, Source Code and IT Systems. The Company makes significant efforts to maintain and improve thesecurity and integrity of its products, source code, computer systems and data. Despite significant efforts to create security barriers to such programs, it is virtuallyimpossible for the Company to entirely mitigate this risk. There appears to be an increasing number of computer “hackers” developing and deploying a variety ofdestructive software programs (such as viruses, worms and the like) that could attack the Company's products and computer systems. Because the techniques usedto obtain unauthorized access to networks or to sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, the Companymay be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Like all software products, the Company's software is vulnerable tosuch attacks. The impact of such an attack could disrupt the proper functioning of the Company's software products, cause errors in the output of its customers'work, allow unauthorized access to sensitive, proprietary or confidential information of the Company or its customers and result in other destructive outcomes. Ifthis were to occur, the Company's reputation may suffer, customers may stop buying products, the Company could face lawsuits and potential liability, and theCompany's financial performance could be negatively impacted.13Table of ContentsThere is also a danger of industrial espionage, cyber-attacks, misuse, theft of information or assets (including source code), or damage to assets by people whohave gained unauthorized access to the Company's facilities, systems or information. Such cybersecurity breaches, misuse or other disruptions could lead to thedisclosure of portions of the Company's product source code or other confidential information, improper usage and distribution of the Company's products withoutcompensation, illegal usage of the Company's products which could jeopardize the security of information stored in and transmitted through its computer systems,and theft, manipulation and destruction of private and proprietary data, resulting in defective products and production downtimes. Although the Company activelyemploys measures to combat unlicensed copying, access and use of software and intellectual property through a variety of techniques, preventing unauthorized useor infringement of the Company's rights is inherently difficult. These events could adversely affect the Company's financial results or could result in significantclaims for damages against it. Participating in lawsuits to protect against any such unauthorized access to, usage of or disclosure of any of the Company's productsor any portion of the Company's product source code, or in prosecutions in connection with any such cybersecurity breach, could be costly and time-consuming,and may divert management's attention and adversely affect the market's perception of the Company and its products.Policing the unauthorized distribution and use of the Company's products is difficult, and software piracy (including online piracy) is a persistent problem. Theproliferation of technology designed to circumvent typical software protection measures used in the Company's products, and the possibility of methods thatcircumvent the techniques it employs in its products, may lead to an expansion in piracy or misuse of its products and intellectual property. As a result, and despitethe Company's efforts to prevent such activities and to prosecute instances of such activities, the Company may nonetheless lose significant revenue due to illegaluse of its software, and management's attention may be diverted to address specific instances of piracy or misuse, or to address piracy and misuse in general.A number of the Company's core processes, such as software development, sales and marketing, customer service and financial transactions, rely on its ITinfrastructure and applications. The Company also relies upon third-party products, which are exposed to various security vulnerabilities. Malicious software,sabotage and other cybersecurity breaches of the types discussed above could cause an outage of the Company's infrastructure, which could lead to a substantialdenial of service and ultimately to production downtime, recovery costs and customer claims. This could have a significant negative impact on the Company'sbusiness, financial position, profit and cash flows.The Company has implemented a number of measures designed to ensure the security of its information, IT resources and other assets. Nonetheless, unauthorizedusers could gain access to its systems through cyber-attacks and steal, use without authorization, and sabotage the Company's intellectual property and confidentialdata. Any breach of its IT security, misuse or theft could lead to loss of production, recovery costs or litigation brought by employees, customers or businesspartners, which could have a significant negative impact on the Company's business, financial position, profit, cash flows and reputation.Dependence on Channel Partners. The Company continues to distribute a meaningful portion of its products through its global network of independent, regionalchannel partners. The channel partners sell the Company's software products to new and existing customers, expand installations within the existing customer base,offer consulting services and provide the first line of technical support. Consequently, in certain geographies, the Company is highly dependent upon the efforts ofthe channel partners. Difficulties in ongoing relationships with channel partners, such as failure to meet performance criteria or to promote the Company's productsas aggressively as the Company expects, and differences in the handling of customer relationships, could adversely affect the Company's performance.Additionally, the loss of any major channel partner for any reason, including a channel partner's decision to sell competing products rather than the Company'sproducts, could have a material, adverse effect on the Company. Moreover, the Company's future success will depend substantially on the ability and willingnessof its channel partners to continue to dedicate the resources necessary to promote the Company's portfolio of products and to support a larger installed base of theCompany's products. If the channel partners are unable or unwilling to do so, the Company may be unable to sustain revenue growth.The Company has been increasing its number of channel partners, particularly in international locations. The business relationships with these channel partners arerecently established and could result in additional compliance burdens for the Company. These partners also have a less-established payment history with theCompany and revenue from these partners could come with a higher rate of bad debt expense.During times of significant fluctuations in world currencies, certain channel partners may have solvency issues to the extent that effective hedge transactions arenot employed or there is not sufficient working capital. In particular, if the U.S. Dollar strengthens relative to other currencies, certain channel partners who pay theCompany in U.S. Dollars may have trouble paying the Company on time or may have trouble distributing the Company's products due to the impact of thecurrency exchange fluctuation on such channel partner's cash flows. This may impact the Company's ability to distribute its products into certain regions andmarkets, and may have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and cash flows.14Table of ContentsReliance on Perpetual Licenses. Although the Company has historically maintained stable recurring revenue from the sale of software lease licenses and softwaremaintenance subscriptions, it also has relied on sales of perpetual licenses that involve the payment of a single, up-front fee. Historically, these licenses have beenmore typical in the computer software industry and remain as the preferred licensing approach in certain markets. While revenue generated from software leaselicenses and software maintenance subscriptions currently represents a portion of the Company's revenue, to the extent that perpetual license revenue continues torepresent a significant percentage of total revenue, the Company's revenue in any period will depend significantly on sales completed during that period. Ifcustomer purchasing patterns shift toward a stronger preference for lease licenses and fewer perpetual licenses, there could be a short-term, adverse impact on theCompany's revenue and profitability.In addition, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic606), effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, which supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specificguidance. This update could affect the timing and amounts of revenue recognized for perpetual licenses, which could have an adverse impact on the Company'srevenue and results of operations.Renewal Rates for Annual Lease and Maintenance Contracts. A substantial portion of the Company's license and maintenance revenue is derived from annuallease and maintenance contracts. These contracts are generally renewed on an annual basis and typically have a high rate of customer renewal. In addition to therecurring revenue base associated with these contracts, a majority of customers purchasing new perpetual licenses also purchase related annual maintenancecontracts. If the rate of renewal for these contracts is adversely affected by economic or other factors, the Company's license and maintenance growth will beadversely affected over the term that the revenue for those contracts would have otherwise been recognized. As a result, the Company's business, financial position,results of operations and cash flows may also be adversely impacted during those periods.Risks Associated with Acquisitions. Historically, the Company has consummated acquisitions in order to support the Company's long-term strategic direction,accelerate innovation, provide increased capabilities to existing products, supply new products and services, expand its customer base and enhance its distributionchannels. The Company has completed a number of acquisitions in recent years and expects to make additional acquisitions in the future, but may not be able toidentify suitable acquisition candidates or, if suitable candidates are identified, the Company may not be able to complete the business combination oncommercially acceptable terms. The process of exploring and pursuing acquisition opportunities may result in devotion of significant management and financialresources.Even if the Company is able to consummate acquisitions that it believes will be successful, such transactions present many risks including, among others, difficultyin integrating the management teams, strategies, cultures and operations of the companies; failing to achieve anticipated synergies and revenue increases; difficultyincorporating and integrating the acquired technologies or products with the Company's existing product lines; difficulty in coordinating, establishing or expandingsales, distribution and marketing functions, as necessary; difficulty in training the global sales team to sell the acquired products; failure to develop new productsand services that utilize the technologies and resources of the companies; disruption of the Company's ongoing business and diversion of management's attention totransition or integration issues; unanticipated and unknown liabilities; the loss of key employees, customers, partners and channel partners of the Company or ofthe acquired company, resulting in the loss of key information, expertise or know-how, and unanticipated additional recruitment and training costs; and difficultiesimplementing and maintaining sufficient controls, policies and procedures over the systems, products and processes of the acquired company. If the Company doesnot achieve the anticipated benefits of its acquisitions as rapidly or to the extent anticipated by the Company's management and financial or industry analysts, therecould be a material, adverse effect on the Company's stock price, business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.In addition, for companies acquired, limited experience will exist for several quarters following the acquisition relating to how the acquired company's salespipelines will convert into sales or revenues, and the conversion rate post-acquisition may be quite different than the historical conversion rate. Because asubstantial portion of the Company's sales are completed in the latter part of a quarter, and its cost structure is largely fixed in the short-term, revenue shortfallsmay have a negative impact on the Company's profitability. A delay in a small number of large, new software license transactions could cause the Company'squarterly software license revenues to fall significantly short of its predictions.The Company may periodically be involved in business combinations with enterprises that are developmental in nature. While these entities have leading-edgetechnology, they may not have developed direct or indirect distribution channels and may not have software revenues which cover the ongoing expenses.Therefore, the Company may have a decrease in operating margin and profitability while these types of acquisitions are integrated and the distribution channelincorporates the new product offerings.15Table of ContentsDisruption of Operations or Infrastructure Failures. A significant portion of the Company's software development personnel, source code and computerequipment is located at operating facilities in the United States, Canada, India, Japan and throughout Europe. The occurrence of a natural disaster or otherunforeseen catastrophe at any of these facilities could cause interruptions in the Company's operations, services and product development activities. Additionally, ifthe Company experiences problems that impair its business infrastructure, such as a computer virus, telephone system failure or an intentional disruption of itsinformation technology systems by a third party, these interruptions could have a material, adverse effect on the Company's business, financial position, results ofoperations, cash flows and the ability to meet financial reporting deadlines. Further, because the Company's sales are not generally linear during any quarterlyperiod, the potential adverse effects resulting from any of the events described above or any other disruption of the Company's business could be accentuated if itoccurs close to the end of a fiscal quarter.Risks Associated with Significant Sales to Existing Customers. A significant portion of the Company's sales includes follow-on sales to existing customers thatinvest in the Company's broad suite of engineering simulation software and services. If a significant number of current customers were to become dissatisfied withthe Company's products and services, or choose to license or utilize competitive offerings, the Company's follow-on sales, and recurring lease and maintenancerevenues, could be materially, adversely impacted, resulting in reduced revenue, operating margins, net income and cash flows.Periodic Reorganization of Sales Force. The Company relies heavily on its direct sales force. From time to time, the Company reorganizes and makes adjustmentsto its sales leadership and/or its sales force in response to such factors as management changes, performance issues, market opportunities and other considerations.These changes may result in a temporary lack of sales production and may adversely impact revenue in future quarters. There can be no assurance that theCompany will not restructure its sales force in future periods or that the transition issues associated with such a restructuring will not occur.Income Tax Estimates. The Company makes significant estimates in determining its worldwide income tax provision. These estimates involve complex taxregulations in a number of jurisdictions across the Company's global operations and are subject to many transactions and calculations in which the ultimate taxoutcome is uncertain. The final outcome of tax matters could be different than the estimates reflected in the historical income tax provision and related accruals.Such differences could have a material impact on income tax expense and net income in the periods in which such determinations are made.The amount of income tax paid by the Company is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. These audits can result in additionalassessments, including interest and penalties. The Company's estimate for liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions is highly judgmental and actual futureoutcomes may result in favorable or unfavorable adjustments to the Company's estimated tax liabilities, including estimates for uncertain tax positions, in theperiod the assessments are made or resolved, audits are closed or when statutes of limitation on potential assessments expire. As a result, the Company's effectivetax rate may fluctuate significantly on a quarterly or annual basis.The Company allocates a portion of its purchase price to goodwill and intangible assets. Impairment charges associated with goodwill are generally not tax-deductible and will result in an increased effective income tax rate in the period the impairment is recorded. The Company has recorded significant deferred taxliabilities related to acquired intangible assets that are not deductible for tax purposes. These deferred tax liabilities are based on future statutory tax rates in thelocations in which the intangible assets are recorded. Any future changes in statutory tax rates would be recorded as an adjustment to the deferred tax liabilities inthe period the change is announced, and could have a material impact on the Company's effective tax rate during that period.Regulatory Compliance. Like all other public companies, the Company is subject to the rules and regulations of the SEC, including those that require theCompany to report on and receive an attestation from its independent registered public accounting firm regarding the Company's internal control over financialreporting. Compliance with these requirements causes the Company to incur additional expenses and causes management to divert time from the day-to-dayoperations of the Company. While the Company anticipates being able to fully comply with these requirements, if it is not able to comply with the reporting orattestation requirements relating to internal control over financial reporting, the Company may be subject to sanctions by the SEC or NASDAQ. Such sanctionscould divert the attention of the Company's management from implementing its business plan and could have an adverse effect on the Company's business andresults of operations.As the Company's stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the Company is subject to the ongoing financial and corporate governance requirementsof NASDAQ. While the Company anticipates being able to fully comply with these requirements, if it is not able to comply, the Company's name may bepublished on NASDAQ's daily Non-Compliant Companies list until NASDAQ determines that it has regained compliance or the Company no longer trades onNASDAQ. If the Company were unable to return to compliance with the governance requirements of NASDAQ, the Company may be delisted from the NASDAQGlobal Select Market, which could have an adverse effect on the market value of the Company's equity securities and the ability to raise additional capital.16Table of ContentsGovernmental Revenue Sources. The Company's sales to the United States government must comply with Federal Acquisition Regulations. Failure to complywith these regulations could result in penalties being assessed against the Company or an order preventing the Company from making future sales to the UnitedStates government. Further, the Company's international activities must comply with the export control laws of the United States and other countries, the ForeignCorrupt Practices Act, the United Kingdom Bribery Act of 2010 and a variety of other laws and regulations of the United States and other countries in which theCompany operates. Failure to comply with any of these laws and regulations could adversely affect the Company's business, financial position, results ofoperations and cash flows.In certain circumstances, the United States government, state and local governments and their respective agencies, and certain foreign governments may have theright to terminate contractual arrangements at any time, without cause. The United States, European Union and certain other government contracts, as well as theCompany's state and local level contracts, are subject to the approval of appropriations or funding authorizations. Certain of these contracts permit the impositionof various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including, but not limited to, termination of contracts, refund of a portion of fees received,forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from future government business, any of which could have an adverse effect onthe Company's results of operations and cash flows.Contingencies. The Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including commercialdisputes, labor and employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of intellectual property rights and other matters. Each of these matters is subject tovarious uncertainties, and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could materially affect the Company's results of operations,cash flows and financial position.Changes in Existing Financial Accounting Standards. Changes in existing accounting rules or practices, new accounting pronouncements, or varyinginterpretations of current accounting pronouncements could have a significant, adverse effect on the Company's results of operations or the manner in which theCompany conducts its business.In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (ASU 2014-09). ASU 2014-09,effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. TheCompany is currently evaluating the effect that implementation of this update will have on its financial results upon adoption. This update will impact the timingand amounts of revenue recognized, including a potential impact on transactions completed prior to adoption, which could have a significant, adverse impact on theCompany's results of operations.In addition, the Company could incur significant costs for changes to its business systems, processes and internal controls as a result of the transition. These costscould have a significant, adverse impact on the Company's results of operations and cash flows. The transition could also cause management to divert time fromthe day-to-day operations of the Company, which could impact the Company's business. If the Company is unable to successfully transition its business systems,processes and internal controls before the guidance effective date, it could impact the ability to meet financial reporting deadlines.Changes in Tax Law. The Company's operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions. A change inthe tax law in the jurisdictions in which the Company does business, including an increase in tax rates, an adverse change in the treatment of an item of income orexpense, or a decrease in tax rates in a jurisdiction in which the Company has significant deferred tax assets, could result in a material increase in tax expense.Currently, a substantial portion of the Company's revenue is generated from customers located outside the United States, and a substantial portion of assets arelocated outside the United States. United States income taxes and foreign withholding taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings for non-UnitedStates subsidiaries to the extent such earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested in the operations of those subsidiaries. Changes in existing taxation rulesor practices, new taxation rules, or varying interpretations of current taxation practices could have a material, adverse effect on the Company's results of operationsor the manner in which the Company conducts its business.17Table of ContentsThe Company has significant operations in India. There have been court rulings concerning certain Indian tax laws that have been inconsistent with tax positionstaken by the Company and inconsistent with the advice provided to the Company by its tax advisors.An Indian subsidiary of the Company received a formal inquiry after a service tax audit was held in 2011. The Company could incur tax charges and relatedliabilities, including those related to the service tax audit case, of approximately $6 million . The service tax issues raised in the Company's notice are very similarto the case, M/s Microsoft Corporation (I) (P) Ltd. Vs Commissioner of Service Tax , New Delhi , wherein the Delhi Customs, Excise and Service Tax AppellateTribunal (CESTAT) has passed a ruling favorable to Microsoft. The Company can provide no assurances on whether the Microsoft case's favorable ruling will bechallenged in higher courts or on the impact that the present Microsoft case's decision will have on the Company's audit case. The Company is uncertain as to whenthe service tax audit will be completed.Other court cases are pending in India that could have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows if the ultimateoutcome of those cases is similarly inconsistent with tax positions taken by the Company.ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTSThe Company has received no written comments regarding our periodic or current reports from the staff of the SEC that were issued 180 days or more precedingthe end of our fiscal year 2015 and that remain unresolved.ITEM 2.PROPERTIESThe Company's executive offices and those related to certain domestic product development, marketing, production and administration are located in a 186,000square foot office facility in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The lease for this facility was effective as of September 14, 2012, but because the leased premises wereunder construction, the Company was not obligated to pay rent until three months following the date that the leased premises were delivered to ANSYS, whichoccurred on October 1, 2014. The term of the lease is 183 months , beginning on October 1, 2014.The Company owns: a 65,000 square foot office facility in Lebanon, New Hampshire; a 62,000 square foot office building near its current Canonsburgheadquarters; and a 59,000 square foot facility in Pune, India.The Company and its subsidiaries also lease office space in various locations throughout the world. The Company owns substantially all equipment used in itsfacilities. Management believes that, in most geographic locations, its facilities allow for sufficient space to support present and future foreseeable needs, includingsuch expansion and growth as the business may require. In other geographic locations, the Company expects that it will be required to expand capacity beyond thatwhich it currently owns or leases.The Company's properties and equipment are in good operating condition and are adequate for the Company's current needs. The Company does not anticipatedifficulty in renewing existing leases as they expire or in finding alternative facilities.ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGSThe Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including commercial disputes, laborand employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of intellectual property rights and other matters. In the opinion of the Company, the resolution of pendingmatters is not expected to have a material, adverse effect on the Company's consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. However, each ofthese matters is subject to various uncertainties and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings could, in the future, materiallyaffect the Company's results of operations, cash flows or financial position.ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURESNot applicable.18Table of ContentsPART IIITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OFEQUITY SECURITIESThe Company's common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market tier of the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol: "ANSS". The following tablesets forth the low and high sale prices of the Company's common stock in each of the Company's last eight fiscal quarters: Fiscal Quarter Ended 2015 Fiscal Quarter Ended 2014 Low SalePrice High SalePrice Low SalePrice High SalePriceDecember 31 $85.33 $98.39 $71.09 $84.87September 30 $84.90 $97.59 $73.67 $82.96June 30 $84.09 $92.46 $71.50 $78.13March 31 $78.76 $88.96 $72.10 $87.15On February 16, 2016, there were 156 stockholders of record and 90,444 beneficial holders of the Company's common stock.The Company has not paid cash dividends on its common stock as it has retained earnings primarily for acquisitions, for future business opportunities and torepurchase stock when authorized by the Board of Directors and when such repurchase meets the Company's objectives. The Company reviews its policy withrespect to the payment of dividends from time to time; however, there can be no assurance that any dividends will be paid in the future.19Table of ContentsPerformance GraphSet forth below is a line graph comparing the yearly percentage change in the cumulative total stockholder return on the Company's common stock, based on themarket price of the Company's common stock, with the total return of companies included within the Russell 1000 Index, the NASDAQ Composite Stock MarketIndex and an industry peer group of four companies (Autodesk, Inc., PTC Inc., Cadence Design Systems, Inc. and Synopsys, Inc.) selected by the Companypursuant to Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, for the period commencing January 1, 2011 and ending December 31, 2015 . The calculation of total cumulative returnsassumes a $100 investment in the Company's common stock, the Russell 1000 Index, the NASDAQ Composite Stock Market Index and the peer group on January1, 2011, and the reinvestment of all dividends, and accounts for all stock splits. The historical information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of futureperformance.ASSUMES $100 INVESTED ON JANUARY 1, 2011ASSUMES DIVIDENDS REINVESTEDFIVE FISCAL YEARS ENDING DECEMBER 31, 201520Table of ContentsEquity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2015 (a) (b) (c)Plan Category Number of Securitiesto be Issued UponExercise ofOutstanding Options,Warrants and Rights Weighted AverageExercise Price ofOutstanding Options,Warrants and Rights Number of SecuritiesRemaining Availablefor Future IssuanceUnder EquityCompensation Plans(excluding securitiesreflected in column(a))Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan 3,697,971 $52.73 2,375,330Ansoft Corporation 2006 Stock Incentive Plan 182,321 $35.61 —Apache Design Solutions, Inc. 2001 Stock/Option Issuance Plan 86,191 $19.35 —SpaceClaim Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan 11,055 $23.93 —Gear Design Solutions, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan 8,008 $12.26 —1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (1) (2) 207,470Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Security Holders None Total 3,985,546 2,582,800(1)The number of shares issuable with respect to the current offering period is not determinable until the end of the period.(2)The per share purchase price of shares issuable with respect to the current offering period is not determinable until the end of the period.Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsNone.Issuer Purchases of Equity SecuritiesPeriod Total Number of SharesPurchased Average Price Paid perShare Total Number of SharesPurchased as Part ofPublicly AnnouncedPlans or Programs Maximum Number ofShares that May Yet BePurchased Under Plansor Programs (1)October 1 - October 31, 2015 40,137 $86.32 40,137 3,097,082November 1 - November 30, 2015 763,860 $91.49 763,860 2,333,222December 1 - December 31, 2015 236,140 $92.36 236,140 2,097,082Total 1,040,137 $91.49 1,040,137 2,097,082(1) The Company initially announced its stock repurchase program in February 2000, and subsequently announced various amendments to the program. The mostrecent amendment to the program, authorizing the repurchase of up to 5,000,000 shares, was approved by the Company's Board of Directors in February 2016.There is no expiration date to this amendment.21Table of ContentsITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATAThe following table sets forth selected financial data as of and for the year ended December 31 for each of the last five years. This selected financial data should beread in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share data) 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011Total revenue $942,753 $936,021 $861,260 $798,018 $691,449Operating income 353,679 347,450 321,863 294,253 265,559Net income 252,521 254,690 245,327 203,483 180,675Earnings per share – basic $2.82 $2.77 $2.65 $2.20 $1.96Weighted average shares – basic 89,561 92,067 92,691 92,622 92,120Earnings per share – diluted $2.76 $2.70 $2.58 $2.14 $1.91Weighted average shares – diluted 91,502 94,194 95,139 94,954 94,381Total assets $2,729,904 $2,752,879 $2,702,097 $2,589,641 $2,439,756Working capital 592,280 617,240 601,183 414,043 281,550Long-term liabilities 51,331 70,303 125,469 173,372 246,532Stockholders' equity 2,194,427 2,217,501 2,136,246 1,940,291 1,754,473Cash provided by operating activities 367,523 385,307 332,983 298,415 307,661The changes to prior period amounts presented above as compared to previously reported amounts are due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting StandardsUpdate No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes . For further information, see the "New Accounting Guidance" section of Note 2 to theconsolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.In the table above, the comparability of information among the years presented is impacted by the Company's acquisitions. The operating results of the Company'sacquisitions have been included in the results of operations since their respective acquisition dates. For further information, see the “Acquisitions” section ofManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 and Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included inPart IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.22Table of ContentsITEM 7.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSOverviewANSYS, Inc.'s results for the year ended December 31, 2015 reflect growth in revenue of 0.7% , operating income of 1.8% and diluted earnings per share of 2.2%as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 . The Company experienced higher revenue in 2015 due to growth in maintenance revenue, partially offset bydecreased perpetual license revenue.The Company's non-GAAP results for the year ended December 31, 2015 reflect increased revenue of 0.3% , decreased operating income of 0.8% and decreaseddiluted earnings per share of 0.3% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 . The non-GAAP results exclude the income statement effects of theacquisition accounting adjustment to deferred revenue, stock-based compensation, acquisition-related amortization of intangible assets and transaction costs relatedto business combinations. For further disclosure regarding non-GAAP results, see the section titled “Non-GAAP Results” preceding the section titled “Liquidityand Capital Resources”.The Company's comparative financial results were significantly impacted by a stronger U.S. Dollar during the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to theyear ended December 31, 2014 . The adverse impacts on the Company's revenue and operating income due to the stronger U.S. Dollar are reflected in the tablebelow. The amounts in the table represent the difference between the actual results and the results calculated at the 2014 exchange rates. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015(in thousands)GAAP Non-GAAPRevenue$(65,948) $(65,955)Operating income$(37,966) $(39,342)In constant currency (1) , the Company's growth rates were as follows: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 GAAP Non-GAAPRevenue7.8% 7.3%Operating income12.7% 7.9%(1) Constant currency amounts exclude the effect of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. To present this information, the results for 2015 forentities whose functional currency is a currency other than the U.S. Dollar were converted to U.S. Dollars at rates that were in effect for 2014, rather than the actualexchange rates in effect for 2015.The Company's financial position includes $784.6 million in cash and short-term investments, and working capital of $592.3 million as of December 31, 2015 .During the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company repurchased 3.8 million shares for $337.9 million at an average price of $88.16 per share under theCompany's stock repurchase program.During the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company completed various acquisitions to accelerate the development of new and innovative products to themarketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers. The acquisitions were not individually significant. The combined purchase price of theacquisitions was approximately $49.7 million , which included cash and equity. The operating results of each acquisition have been included in the Company'sconsolidated financial statements since each respective date of acquisition.ANSYS develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers, researchers and students across a broadspectrum of industries and academia, including aerospace and defense, automotive, industrial equipment, electronics, biomedical, energy, materials and chemicalprocessing, and semiconductors. Headquartered south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Company employed approximately 2,800 people as of December 31, 2015 .ANSYS focuses on the development of open and flexible solutions that enable users to analyze designs directly on the desktop, providing a common platform forfast, efficient and cost-conscious product development, from design concept to final-stage testing and validation. The Company distributes its ANSYS suite ofsimulation technologies through a global network of independent channel partners and direct sales offices in strategic, global locations. It is the Company'sintention to continue to maintain this hybrid sales and distribution model.23Table of ContentsThe Company licenses its technology to businesses, educational institutions and governmental agencies. Growth in the Company's revenue is affected by thestrength of global economies, general business conditions, currency exchange rate fluctuations, customer budgetary constraints and the competitive position of theCompany's products. Please see the sub-sections entitled "Global Economic Conditions", "Decline in Customers' Businesses", "Risks Associated with InternationalActivities", "Rapidly Changing Technology; New Products; Risk of Product Errors" and "Competition" under Item 1A. Risk Factors for a complete discussion ofhow these factors might impact the Company's financial condition and operating results. The Company believes that the features, functionality and integratedmultiphysics capabilities of its software products are as strong as they have ever been. However, the software business is generally characterized by long salescycles. These long sales cycles increase the difficulty of predicting sales for any particular quarter. The Company makes many operational and strategic decisionsbased upon short- and long-term sales forecasts that are impacted not only by these long sales cycles, but also by current global economic conditions. As a result,the Company believes that its overall performance is best measured by fiscal year results rather than by quarterly results. Please see the sub-section entitled "SalesForecasts" under Item 1A. Risk Factors for a complete discussion of the potential impact of the Company's sales forecasts on the Company's financial condition,cash flows and operating results.The Company's management considers the competition and price pressure that it faces in the short- and long-term by focusing on expanding the breadth, depth,ease of use and quality of the technologies, features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of its software products as compared to its competitors;investing in research and development to develop new and innovative products and increase the capabilities of its existing products; supplying new products andservices; focusing on customer needs, training, consulting and support; and enhancing its distribution channels. From time to time, the Company also considersacquisitions to supplement its global engineering talent, product offerings and distribution channels.Geographic TrendsThe following table presents the Company's geographic constant currency revenue growth during the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2014 : Twelve Months EndedDecember 31, 2015North America10.4%Europe5.6%General International Area7.2%Total7.8%In North America, the Company experienced strong performance in the electronics, high-tech, aerospace and defense, and automotive industries as companiescontinued to rely on ANSYS technology to meet the needs of energy and fuel efficiency, safety and comfort, and the cost-effective delivery of more innovativeproducts in the face of evolving competition and customer requirements. The impact of low oil prices continued to negatively impact North American energy andenergy-related customers as they held back on investments, reduced their workforce and considered consolidation and realignment. Sales hiring, sales pipelinebuilding and customer engagement activities in North America remained strong as demand for innovation continued to drive simulation investments across a broadarray of industries.Europe continued to show progress, but with mixed results and pockets of lingering economic and geopolitical issues. Germany continued to lead the region, whichalso experienced growth and steady progress in countries such as Italy and the Netherlands. However, the Company's performance in Europe continued to beadversely impacted as a result of weakness in markets such as France and Russia. The Company experienced comparable industry trends to those in NorthAmerica, particularly within the automotive industry. Sales hiring and sales pipeline building activities continued to be major areas of focus.The results in the General International Area, which primarily consists of the Asia-Pacific region, continued to demonstrate progress in Japan and India. Thegrowth was adversely impacted by performance in Brazil. Additionally, business momentum in the Chinese state-owned enterprises was slower throughout 2015.Throughout the region, the Company experienced strength in the aerospace and defense, and high-tech industries. In the industrial equipment industry, continuedfocus on power generation had a positive impact. The Company continued to focus on improving direct sales execution and the new business production of thechannel partner network.Note About Forward-Looking StatementsThe following discussion should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this AnnualReport on Form 10-K. The Company's discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company's consolidatedfinancial statements, which have been prepared in accordance24Table of Contentswith accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company tomake estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets andliabilities. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to fair values of stock awards, bad debts, contract revenue, valuationof goodwill, valuation of intangible assets, income taxes, and contingencies and litigation. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, marketexperience, estimated future cash flows and various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which formthe basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ fromthese estimates.This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, including, but not limited to, the following statements, as well as statements that contain such words as "anticipates", "intends","believes", "plans" and other similar expressions:•The Company's intentions regarding its hybrid sales and distribution model.•The Company's intentions related to investments in research and development, particularly as it relates to expanding the ease of use and capabilities of itsbroad portfolio of simulation software products. More specifically, this includes the evolution of its ANSYS Workbench platform, expansion of high-performance computing capabilities, ANSYS AIM immersive user interface, offerings on ANSYS Enterprise Cloud, robust design and ongoingintegration of acquired technology.•The Company's expectations regarding the accelerated development of new and innovative products to the marketplace while lowering design andengineering costs for customers as a result of the Company's acquisitions.•The Company's statements regarding the impact of global economic conditions.•The Company's statements regarding continued exposure to volatility of foreign exchange rates.•The Company's expectations regarding the outcome of its service tax audit case.•The Company's belief that, in most geographical locations, its facilities allow for sufficient space to support present and future foreseeable needs,including such expansion and growth as the business may require.•The Company's expectation that it can renew existing leases as they expire or find alternative facilities without difficulty, as needed.•The Company's assessment of the ultimate liabilities arising from various investigations, claims and legal proceedings.•The Company's statement regarding the strength of the features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of its software products.•The Company's estimates regarding the expected impact on reported revenue related to the acquisition accounting treatment of deferred revenue.•The Company's expectation that it will continue to make targeted investments in its global sales and marketing organizations and its global businessinfrastructure to enhance and support its revenue-generating activities.•The Company's intention to repatriate previously taxed earnings and to reinvest all other earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries.•The Company's plans related to future capital spending.•The sufficiency of existing cash and cash equivalent balances to meet future working capital and capital expenditure requirements.•The Company's belief that the best uses of its excess cash are to invest in the business and repurchase stock in order to both offset dilution and returncapital, in excess of its requirements, to stockholders with the goal of increasing stockholder value.•The Company's intentions related to investments in complementary companies, products, services and technologies.•The Company's expectations regarding future claims related to indemnification obligations.25Table of Contents•The Company's estimates regarding total compensation expense associated with granted stock-based awards for future years.•The Company's estimation that it is probable that the remaining payment will be made for contingent consideration related to the EVEN acquisition.•The Company's assessment of its ability to realize deferred tax assets.Forward-looking statements should not be unduly relied upon because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which arebeyond the Company's control. The Company's actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Certain factors thatmight cause such a difference include risks and uncertainties detailed in Item 1A. Risk Factors.AcquisitionsThe Company completed various acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2015 to accelerate the development of new and innovative products to themarketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers. These acquisitions were not individually significant. The combined purchase price of theacquisitions was approximately $49.7 million , which included cash and equity.During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 , the combined purchase price for acquisitions was $104.0 million and $8.1 million , respectively. Theacquisitions during these years are further described in the table below:Date of Closing Company DetailsApril 30, 2014 SpaceClaim Corporation SpaceClaim, a leading provider of 3-D modeling technology, was acquired for $85.0 million. SpaceClaim'ssoftware provides customers with a powerful and intuitive 3-D direct modeling solution to author newconcepts and then leverage the power of simulation to rapidly iterate on these designs to drive innovation.January 3, 2014 Reaction Design Reaction Design, a leading developer of chemistry simulation software, was acquired for $19.1 million.Reaction Design's solutions enable transportation manufacturers and energy companies to rapidly achieve theirclean technology goals by automating the analysis of chemical processes via computer simulation andmodeling solutions.April 2, 2013 EVEN - Evolutionary EngineeringAG EVEN, a leading provider of composite analysis and optimization technology relying on cloud computing,was acquired for $8.1 million. The acquisition of EVEN strengthens the Company's simulation solutions forcomposites technology. The use of composites has become a standard in manufacturing in a wide range ofindustries due to its combination of light weight, high strength and outstanding flexibility.For further information on the Company's business combinations, see Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this AnnualReport on Form 10-K.26Table of ContentsResults of OperationsFor purposes of the following discussion and analysis, the table below sets forth certain consolidated financial data for the years 2015 , 2014 and 2013 . Theoperating results of the Company's acquisitions have been included in the results of operations since their respective acquisition dates. Year Ended December 31,(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013Revenue: Software licenses $555,105 $564,502 $528,944Maintenance and service 387,648 371,519 332,316Total revenue 942,753 936,021 861,260Cost of sales: Software licenses 29,105 30,607 28,363Amortization 38,755 37,653 38,298Maintenance and service 79,386 85,126 80,031Total cost of sales 147,246 153,386 146,692Gross profit 795,507 782,635 714,568Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 253,603 246,376 218,907Research and development 168,831 165,421 151,439Amortization 19,394 23,388 22,359Total operating expenses 441,828 435,185 392,705Operating income 353,679 347,450 321,863Interest expense (325) (779) (1,169)Interest income 2,829 3,002 2,841Other income (expense), net 582 (1,534) (1,046)Income before income tax provision 356,765 348,139 322,489Income tax provision 104,244 93,449 77,162Net income $252,521 $254,690 $245,32727Table of ContentsYear Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014Revenue: Year Ended December 31, Change(in thousands, except percentages)20152014 Amount %Revenue: Lease licenses$316,367$318,041 $(1,674) (0.5)Perpetual licenses238,738246,461 (7,723) (3.1)Software licenses555,105564,502 (9,397) (1.7)Maintenance364,591346,698 17,893 5.2Service23,05724,821 (1,764) (7.1)Maintenance and service387,648371,519 16,129 4.3Total revenue$942,753$936,021 $6,732 0.7The Company's revenue increased 0.7 % during the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 . The growth rate wasadversely impacted by 7.0% due to a strengthening U.S. Dollar and would have been 7.8% at currency exchange rates that were in effect for 2014 . The growth ratewas favorably impacted by the Company's continued investment in its global sales, support and marketing organizations. Annual maintenance contracts that weresold with new perpetual licenses, along with maintenance contracts sold with new perpetual licenses in previous years, contributed to maintenance revenue growthof 5.2% . This growth was primarily due to maintenance contracts sold with electronics products. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived primarily from newsales, decreased 3.1% as compared to the prior year. While lease licenses, perpetual licenses and service revenue declined as compared to the prior year, all werehigher in constant currency.With respect to revenue, on average for the year ended December 31, 2015 , the U.S. Dollar was 12.5% stronger, when measured against the Company's primaryforeign currencies, than for the year ended December 31, 2014 . The net overall strengthening resulted in decreased revenue of $65.9 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 . The impact on revenue was primarily driven by $42.7 million , $14.6 million , $2.9 millionand $2.9 million of adverse impact due to a weakening Euro, Japanese Yen, South Korean Won and British Pound, respectively. The net overall strengthening ofthe U.S. Dollar also resulted in decreased operating income of $38.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2014 .A substantial portion of the Company's license and maintenance revenue is derived from annual lease and maintenance contracts. These contracts are generallyrenewed on an annual basis and typically have a high rate of customer renewal. In addition to the recurring revenue base associated with these contracts, a majorityof customers purchasing new perpetual licenses also purchase related annual maintenance contracts. As a result of the significant recurring revenue base, theCompany's license and maintenance revenue growth rate in any period does not necessarily correlate to the growth rate of new license and maintenance contractssold during that period. To the extent the rate of customer renewal for lease and maintenance contracts is high, incremental lease contracts, and maintenancecontracts sold with new perpetual licenses, will result in license and maintenance revenue growth in constant currency. Conversely, if the rate of renewal for thesecontracts is adversely affected by economic or other factors, the Company's license and maintenance growth will be adversely affected over the term that therevenue for those contracts would have otherwise been recognized.The Company is starting to experience an increased interest by its customers in enterprise license agreements that often include longer-term, time-based licensesinvolving a larger number of the Company's software products. While these arrangements typically involve a higher overall transaction price, the revenue fromthese contracts is typically deferred and recognized over the period of the contract, resulting in increased deferred revenue and backlog. To the extent these types ofcontracts replace sales of perpetual licenses, there could be a near-term adverse impact on software license and maintenance revenue growth.International and domestic revenues, as a percentage of total revenue, were 62.4% and 37.6% , respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2015 , and 65.8%and 34.2% , respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2014 . The Company derived 24.2% and 24.9% of its total revenue through the indirect saleschannel for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively.In valuing deferred revenue on the balance sheets of the Company's recent acquisitions as of their respective acquisition dates, the Company applied the fair valueprovisions applicable to the accounting for business combinations, resulting in a reduction of deferred revenue as compared to its historical carrying amount. As aresult, the Company's post-acquisition revenue will be28Table of Contentsless than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ANSYS and each acquiree absent the acquisitions. The impact on reported revenue for the yearended December 31, 2015 was $1.7 million .Cost of Sales and Gross Profit:The table below reflects the Company's operating results as presented on the consolidated statements of income, which are inclusive of foreign currency translationimpacts. Amounts included in the discussion that follows are provided in constant currency. The impact, where material, of foreign exchange translation on eachexpense line is provided separately. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 Change(in thousands, except percentages)Amount % ofRevenue Amount % ofRevenue Amount %Cost of sales: Software licenses$29,105 3.1 $30,607 3.3 $(1,502) (4.9)Amortization38,755 4.1 37,653 4.0 1,102 2.9Maintenance and service79,386 8.4 85,126 9.1 (5,740) (6.7)Total cost of sales147,246 15.6 153,386 16.4 (6,140) (4.0)Gross profit$795,507 84.4 $782,635 83.6 $12,872 1.6Software Licenses: The net decrease in costs of software licenses was primarily due to the following:•Decreased stock-based compensation of $1.0 million.•Cost reduction from foreign exchange translation of $0.9 million.•Decreased salaries and incentive compensation of $0.9 million.•Increased SpaceClaim-related costs of software licenses of $0.6 million, primarily as a result of twelve months of SpaceClaim activity in the current yearas compared to eight months of activity in the prior year.•Increased facilities and IT-related maintenance of $0.4 million.•Increased third-party royalties of $0.2 million.Amortization: The net increase in amortization expense was primarily due to an increase in the amortization of trade names, partially offset by a cost reductionrelated to foreign exchange translation.Maintenance and Service: The net decrease in maintenance and service costs was primarily due to the following:•Cost reduction related to foreign exchange translation of $7.6 million.•Increased salaries and severance costs, each of $0.7 million.•Increased third-party technical support costs of $0.6 million.The improvement in gross profit was a result of the increase in revenue and decrease in related cost of sales.29Table of ContentsOperating Expenses:The table below reflects the Company's operating results as presented on the consolidated statements of income, which are inclusive of foreign currency translationimpacts. Amounts included in the discussion that follows are provided in constant currency. The impact, where material, of foreign exchange translation on eachexpense line is provided separately. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 Change(in thousands, except percentages)Amount % ofRevenue Amount % ofRevenue Amount %Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative$253,603 26.9 $246,376 26.3 $7,227 2.9Research and development168,831 17.9 165,421 17.7 3,410 2.1Amortization19,394 2.1 23,388 2.5 (3,994) (17.1)Total operating expenses$441,828 46.9 $435,185 46.5 $6,643 1.5Selling, General and Administrative: The net increase in selling, general and administrative costs was primarily due to the following:•Increased salaries, incentive compensation and other headcount-related costs of $18.4 million, primarily due to an increase in headcount.•Increased third-party commissions of $1.7 million.•Increased business travel and meals of $1.6 million.•Increased consulting costs of $1.4 million.•Increased office lease and utility costs of $1.0 million.•Cost reduction due to foreign exchange translation of $13.2 million.•Decreased severance costs of $3.1 million.The Company anticipates that it will continue to make targeted investments in its global sales and marketing organizations and its global business infrastructure toenhance and support its revenue-generating activities.Research and Development: The net increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:•Increased salaries and other headcount-related costs of $7.5 million.•Increased SpaceClaim-related research and development costs of $1.8 million, primarily as a result of twelve months of SpaceClaim activity in the currentyear as compared to eight months of activity in the prior year.•Increased office lease and utility costs of $0.6 million.•Increased facilities and IT-related maintenance of $0.6 million.•Cost reduction due to foreign exchange translation of $5.4 million.•Decreased stock-based compensation of $1.8 million.The Company has traditionally invested significant resources in research and development activities and intends to continue to make investments in expanding theease of use and capabilities of its broad portfolio of simulation software products. More specifically, this includes the evolution of its ANSYS Workbenchplatform, expansion of high-performance computing capabilities, ANSYS AIM immersive user interface, offerings on ANSYS Enterprise Cloud, robust design andongoing integration of acquired technology.Amortization: The decrease in amortization expense was primarily due to a net decrease in the amortization of acquired customer lists and a cost reduction relatedto foreign exchange translation.30Table of ContentsOther Income (Expense), net: The Company's other income (expense) consists of the following: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014Foreign currency gains (losses), net$486 $(1,649)Other96 115Total other income (expense), net$582 $(1,534)Income Tax Provision: The Company recorded income tax expense of $104.2 million and had income before income taxes of $356.8 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2015 , representing an effective tax rate of 29.2% . During the year ended December 31, 2014 , the Company recorded income tax expense of $93.4million and had income before income taxes of $348.1 million , representing an effective tax rate of 26.8% .The increase in the effective tax rate from the prior year is primarily due to a decrease in benefits related to legal entity restructuring activities. When compared tothe federal and state combined statutory rate, the effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were favorably impacted by the domesticmanufacturing deduction, research and development credits and tax benefits associated with the merger of the Company's Japan subsidiaries in 2010. The quarterlybenefit of approximately $3.1 million associated with the merger of the Company's Japan subsidiaries was fully amortized in the third quarter of 2015. There willbe no additional ongoing benefit from this transaction. The rates were also favorably impacted by the recurring item of lower statutory tax rates in many of theCompany's foreign jurisdictions.Net Income: The Company's net income for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $252.5 million as compared to net income of $254.7 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2014 . Diluted earnings per share was $2.76 for the year ended December 31, 2015 and $2.70 for the year ended December 31, 2014 . The weightedaverage shares used in computing diluted earnings per share were 91.5 million and 94.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively.31Table of ContentsYear Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2013Revenue: Year Ended December 31, Change(in thousands, except percentages)2014 2013 Amount %Revenue: Lease licenses$318,041 $297,658 $20,383 6.8Perpetual licenses246,461 231,286 15,175 6.6Software licenses564,502 528,944 35,558 6.7Maintenance346,698 309,085 37,613 12.2Service24,821 23,231 1,590 6.8Maintenance and service371,519 332,316 39,203 11.8Total revenue$936,021 $861,260 $74,761 8.7The Company's revenue increased 8.7% during the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2013, including increases in allmajor revenue categories. The growth rate was adversely impacted by 0.9% due to a strengthening U.S. Dollar and would have been 9.6% at currency exchangerates that were in effect for 2013. The growth rate was favorably impacted by the Company's continued investment in its global sales and marketing organizations.Revenue from lease licenses increased 6.8% as compared to the prior year due primarily to growth in lease license revenue of power analysis and electronicsproducts. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived primarily from new sales, increased 6.6% as compared to the prior year. Annual maintenance contracts thatwere sold with new perpetual licenses, along with maintenance contracts sold with new perpetual licenses in previous years, contributed to maintenance revenuegrowth of 12.2%.With respect to revenue, on average for the year ended December 31, 2014, the U.S. Dollar was 1.6% stronger, when measured against the Company's primaryforeign currencies, than for the year ended December 31, 2013. The net overall strengthening resulted in decreased revenue of $7.6 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2014 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2013. The impact on revenue was primarily driven by $9.8 million of adverse impact due to aweakening Japanese Yen, partially offset by $1.9 million of favorable impact due to a strengthening British Pound. The net overall strengthening of the U.S. Dollaralso resulted in decreased operating income of $5.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2013.International and domestic revenues, as a percentage of total revenue, were 65.8% and 34.2%, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2014, and 66.1%and 33.9%, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2013. The Company derived 24.9% and 25.3% of its total revenue through the indirect sales channelfor the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.In valuing deferred revenue on the balance sheets of the Company's recent acquisitions as of their respective acquisition dates, the Company applied the fair valueprovisions applicable to the accounting for business combinations, resulting in a reduction of deferred revenue as compared to its historical carrying amount. As aresult, the Company's post-acquisition revenue will be less than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ANSYS and each acquiree absent theacquisitions. The impact on reported revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $5.4 million.32Table of ContentsCost of Sales and Gross Profit:The table below reflects the Company's operating results as presented on the consolidated statements of income, which are inclusive of foreign currency translationimpacts. Amounts included in the discussion that follows are provided in constant currency. The impact, where material, of foreign exchange translation on eachexpense line is provided separately. Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 Change(in thousands, except percentages)Amount % ofRevenue Amount % ofRevenue Amount %Cost of sales: Software licenses$30,607 3.3 $28,363 3.3 $2,244 7.9Amortization37,653 4.0 38,298 4.4 (645) (1.7)Maintenance and service85,126 9.1 80,031 9.3 5,095 6.4Total cost of sales153,386 16.4 146,692 17.0 6,694 4.6Gross profit$782,635 83.6 $714,568 83.0 $68,067 9.5Software Licenses: The increase in costs of software licenses was primarily due to the following:•Increased costs of software licenses of $0.8 million due to the acquisition of SpaceClaim for the period from the acquisition date (April 30, 2014) throughDecember 31, 2014.•Increased salaries of $0.6 million, primarily due to an increase in headcount.Amortization: The net decrease in amortization expense was primarily due to a net decrease in the amortization of acquired technology, partially offset by anincrease in trade name amortization.Maintenance and Service: The increase in maintenance and service costs was primarily due to the following:•Increased salaries of $3.3 million.•Increased third-party technical support of $1.1 million.The improvement in gross profit was a result of the increase in revenue offset by a smaller increase in related cost of sales.33Table of ContentsOperating Expenses:The table below reflects the Company's operating results as presented on the consolidated statements of income, which are inclusive of foreign currency translationimpacts. Amounts included in the discussion that follows are provided in constant currency. The impact, where material, of foreign exchange translation on eachexpense line is provided separately. Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 Change(in thousands, except percentages)Amount % ofRevenue Amount % ofRevenue Amount %Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative$246,376 26.3 $218,907 25.4 $27,469 12.5Research and development165,421 17.7 151,439 17.6 13,982 9.2Amortization23,388 2.5 22,359 2.6 1,029 4.6Total operating expenses$435,185 46.5 $392,705 45.6 $42,480 10.8Selling, General and Administrative: The increase in selling, general and administrative costs was primarily due to the following:•Increased salaries, incentive compensation and other headcount-related costs of $11.0 million, primarily due to an increase in headcount.•Increased selling, general and administrative costs of $4.6 million due to the acquisition of SpaceClaim for the period from the acquisition date (April 30,2014) through December 31, 2014.•Increased severance costs of $3.3 million.•Increased selling, general and administrative costs of $2.4 million due to the acquisition of Reaction Design for the period from the acquisition date(January 3, 2014) through December 31, 2014.•Increased third-party commissions of $2.1 million.Research and Development: The increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:•Increased salaries and other headcount-related costs of $6.1 million.•Increased research and development costs of $2.3 million due to the acquisition of SpaceClaim for the period from the acquisition date (April 30, 2014)through December 31, 2014.•Increased research and development costs of $2.3 million due to the acquisition of Reaction Design for the period from the acquisition date (January 3,2014) through December 31, 2014.•Increased stock-based compensation of $1.2 million.Amortization: The net increase in amortization expense was primarily due to a net increase in the amortization of customer lists, partially offset by a net decrease inthe amortization of contract backlog.Interest Expense: The Company's interest expense consists of the following: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2014 2013Discounted obligations$628 $722Term loan— 230Amortization of debt financing costs— 149Other151 68Total interest expense$779 $1,16934Table of ContentsOther Expense, net: The Company's other expense consists of the following: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2014 2013Foreign currency losses, net$(1,649) $(1,115)Other115 69Total other expense, net$(1,534) $(1,046)Income Tax Provision: The Company recorded income tax expense of $93.4 million and had income before income taxes of $348.1 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2014, representing an effective tax rate of 26.8%. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded income tax expense of $77.2million and had income before income taxes of $322.5 million, representing an effective tax rate of 23.9%.In December 2013, the Company received notice from the IRS that the Joint Committee on Taxation took no exception to the Company's tax returns that were filedfor 2009 and 2010. An $11.0 million tax benefit was recognized in the Company's 2013 financial results as the Company had effectively settled uncertaintyregarding the realization of refund claims filed in connection with the 2009 and 2010 returns.In the U.S., which is the largest jurisdiction where the Company receives such a tax credit, the availability of the research and development credit expired at theend of the 2011 tax year. In January 2013, the U.S. Congress passed legislation that reinstated the research and development credit retroactive to 2012. The incometax provision for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes approximately $2.3 million related to the reinstated research and development credit for 2012activity. The research and development credit also expired at the end of the 2013 tax year, but the U.S. Congress reinstated the credit in December 2014 for the2014 tax year.The increase in the effective tax rate from the prior year is primarily due to the release of an uncertain tax position and the reinstatement of the U.S. research anddevelopment credit mentioned above impacting the prior year rate.Net Income: The Company's net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $254.7 million as compared to net income of $245.3 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2013. Diluted earnings per share was $2.70 for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $2.58 for the year ended December 31, 2013. The weightedaverage shares used in computing diluted earnings per share were 94.2 million and 95.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.35Table of ContentsNon-GAAP ResultsThe Company provides non-GAAP revenue, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP dilutedearnings per share as supplemental measures to GAAP regarding the Company's operational performance. These financial measures exclude the impact of certainitems and, therefore, have not been calculated in accordance with GAAP. A detailed explanation and a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to itsmost comparable GAAP financial measure are described below. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014(in thousands, except percentages and per sharedata)AsReported Adjustments Non-GAAPResults AsReported Adjustments Non-GAAPResultsTotal revenue$942,753 $1,725(1)$944,478 $936,021 $5,421(4)$941,442Operating income353,679 94,665(2)448,344 347,450 104,403(5)451,853Operating profit margin37.5% 47.5% 37.1% 48.0%Net income$252,521 $60,854(3)$313,375 $254,690 $68,719(6)$323,409Earnings per share – diluted: Diluted earnings per share$2.76 $3.42 $2.70 $3.43Weighted average shares – diluted91,502 91,502 94,194 94,194(1)Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with accounting for deferredrevenue in business combinations.(2)Amount represents $58.1 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $34.0 million of stock-basedcompensation expense, the $1.7 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (1) above and $0.8 million of transaction expenses related to businesscombinations.(3)Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (2) above, adjusted for the related income tax impact of $33.8 million .(4)Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with accounting for deferredrevenue in business combinations.(5)Amount represents $61.0 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $36.9 million of stock-basedcompensation expense, the $5.4 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (4) above and $1.1 million of transaction expenses related to businesscombinations.(6)Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (5) above, adjusted for the related income tax impact of $35.7 million .36Table of Contents Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)AsReported Adjustments Non-GAAPResults AsReported Adjustments Non-GAAPResultsTotal revenue$936,021 $5,421(1)$941,442 $861,260 $4,632(4)$865,892Operating income347,450 104,403(2)451,853 321,863 101,232(5)423,095Operating profit margin37.1% 48.0% 37.4% 48.9%Net income$254,690 $68,719(3)$323,409 $245,327 $66,197(6)$311,524Earnings per share – diluted: Diluted earnings per share$2.70 $3.43 $2.58 $3.27Weighted average shares – diluted94,194 94,194 95,139 95,139(1)Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with accounting for deferredrevenue in business combinations.(2)Amount represents $61.0 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $36.9 million of stock-basedcompensation expense, the $5.4 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (1) above and $1.1 million of transaction expenses related to businesscombinations.(3)Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (2) above, adjusted for the related income tax impact of $35.7 million.(4)Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with accounting for deferredrevenue in business combinations.(5)Amount represents $60.7 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $35.3 million of stock-basedcompensation expense, the $4.6 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (4) above and $0.6 million of transaction expenses related to businesscombinations.(6)Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (5) above, adjusted for the related income tax impact of $35.0 million.Note: The 2013 GAAP and non-GAAP net income and earnings per share data reflected above include $11.0 million of incremental tax benefits, or $0.12 perdiluted share, related to the notification received from the IRS that the Joint Committee on Taxation took no exception to the Company's tax returns that were filedfor 2009 and 2010, thus effectively settling the uncertainty regarding refund claims filed in connection with those returns.Non-GAAP MeasuresManagement uses non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate the Company's historical and prospective financial performance as well as its performance relativeto its competitors, (b) to set internal sales targets and spending budgets, (c) to allocate resources, (d) to measure operational profitability and the accuracy offorecasting, (e) to assess financial discipline over operational expenditures and (f) as an important factor in determining variable compensation for managementand its employees. In addition, many financial analysts that follow the Company focus on and publish both historical results and future projections based on non-GAAP financial measures. The Company believes that it is in the best interest of its investors to provide this information to analysts so that they accurately reportthe non-GAAP financial information. Moreover, investors have historically requested and the Company has historically reported these non-GAAP financialmeasures as a means of providing consistent and comparable information with past reports of financial results.While management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information to investors, there are limitations associated withthe use of these non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, are not reported by all of theCompany's competitors and may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures of the Company's competitors due to potential differences in the exactmethod of calculation. The Company compensates for these limitations by using these non-GAAP financial measures as supplements to GAAP financial measuresand by reviewing the reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures.37Table of ContentsThe adjustments to these non-GAAP financial measures, and the basis for such adjustments, are outlined below:Acquisition accounting for deferred revenue and its related tax impact. Historically, the Company has consummated acquisitions in order to support itsstrategic and other business objectives. In accordance with the fair value provisions applicable to the accounting for business combinations, acquired deferredrevenue is often recorded on the opening balance sheet at an amount that is lower than the historical carrying value. Although this acquisition accountingrequirement has no impact on the Company's business or cash flow, it adversely impacts the Company's reported GAAP revenue in the reporting periods followingan acquisition. In order to provide investors with financial information that facilitates comparison of both historical and future results, the Company provides non-GAAP financial measures which exclude the impact of the acquisition accounting adjustment. The Company believes that this non-GAAP financial adjustment isuseful to investors because it allows investors to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by management in its financial andoperational decision-making, and (b) compare past and future reports of financial results of the Company as the revenue reduction related to acquired deferredrevenue will not recur when related annual lease licenses and software maintenance contracts are renewed in future periods.Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions and its related tax impact. The Company incurs amortization of intangible assets, included in its GAAPpresentation of amortization expense, related to various acquisitions it has made. Management excludes these expenses and their related tax impact for the purposeof calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when itevaluates the continuing operational performance of the Company because these costs are fixed at the time of an acquisition, are then amortized over a period ofseveral years after the acquisition and generally cannot be changed or influenced by management after the acquisition. Accordingly, management does not considerthese expenses for purposes of evaluating the performance of the Company during the applicable time period after the acquisition, and it excludes such expenseswhen making decisions to allocate resources. The Company believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investorsto (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by management in its financial and operational decision-making, and (b) compare pastreports of financial results of the Company as the Company has historically reported these non-GAAP financial measures.Stock-based compensation expense and its related tax impact . The Company incurs expense related to stock-based compensation included in its GAAPpresentation of cost of software licenses; cost of maintenance and service; research and development expense; and selling, general and administrative expense.Although stock-based compensation is an expense of the Company and viewed as a form of compensation, management excludes these expenses for the purpose ofcalculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when it evaluatesthe continuing operational performance of the Company. Specifically, the Company excludes stock-based compensation during its annual budgeting process and itsquarterly and annual assessments of the Company's and management's performance. The annual budgeting process is the primary mechanism whereby theCompany allocates resources to various initiatives and operational requirements. Additionally, the annual review by the board of directors during which itcompares the Company's historical business model and profitability to the planned business model and profitability for the forthcoming year excludes the impact ofstock-based compensation. In evaluating the performance of senior management and department managers, charges related to stock-based compensation areexcluded from expenditure and profitability results. In fact, the Company records stock-based compensation expense into a stand-alone cost center for which nosingle operational manager is responsible or accountable. In this way, management is able to review, on a period-to-period basis, each manager's performance andassess financial discipline over operational expenditures without the effect of stock-based compensation. The Company believes that these non-GAAP financialmeasures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the Company's operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used bymanagement to review the Company's operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in the Company's financial reporting as well as comparability withcompetitors' operating results.Transaction costs related to business combinations. The Company incurs expenses for professional services rendered in connection with businesscombinations, which are included in its GAAP presentation of selling, general and administrative expense. These expenses are generally not tax-deductible.Management excludes these acquisition-related transaction expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profitmargin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when it evaluates the continuing operational performance of the Company, as itgenerally would not have otherwise incurred these expenses in the periods presented as a part of its continuing operations. The Company believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the Company's operating results and the effectiveness of themethodology used by management to review the Company's operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in the Company's financial reporting as wellas comparability with competitors' operating results.38Table of ContentsNon-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP. The Company's non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to beconsidered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP financial measures, and should be read only in conjunction with the Company's consolidatedfinancial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.The Company has provided a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures as listed below:GAAP Reporting MeasureNon-GAAP Reporting MeasureRevenueNon-GAAP RevenueOperating IncomeNon-GAAP Operating IncomeOperating Profit MarginNon-GAAP Operating Profit MarginNet IncomeNon-GAAP Net IncomeDiluted Earnings Per ShareNon-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share39Table of ContentsLiquidity and Capital Resources As of December 31, Change(in thousands, except percentages) 2015 2014 Amount %Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments $784,614 $788,778 $(4,164) (0.5)Working capital $592,280 $617,240 $(24,960) (4.0)Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term InvestmentsCash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as money market mutual funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-terminvestments consist primarily of deposits held by certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company with original maturities of three months to one year. The followingtable presents the Company's foreign and domestic holdings of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments: As of December 31,(in thousands, except percentages)2015 % of Total 2014 % of TotalDomestic$539,031 68.7 $556,328 70.5Foreign245,583 31.3 232,450 29.5Total$784,614 $788,778 If the foreign balances were repatriated to the U.S., they would be subject to domestic tax, resulting in a tax obligation in the period of repatriation. In general, it isthe practice and intention of the Company to repatriate previously taxed earnings and to reinvest all other earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The amount of cash,cash equivalents and short-term investments held by foreign subsidiaries is subject to translation adjustments caused by changes in foreign currency exchange ratesas of the end of each respective reporting period, the offset to which is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Company's consolidated balancesheet.Cash Flows from Operating Activities Year Ended December 31, Change(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs. 2014 2014 vs. 2013Net cash provided by operating activities $367,523 $385,307 $332,983 $(17,784) $52,324Fiscal year 2015 as compared to fiscal year 2014Net cash provided by operating activities decreased during the current fiscal year due to decreased net cash flows from operating assets and liabilities of $18.2million , primarily due to a $26.8 million refund received in 2014 related to the Company's 2009 and 2010 federal income tax years.Fiscal year 2014 as compared to fiscal year 2013Net cash provided by operating activities increased during the prior fiscal year due to increased net cash flows from operating assets and liabilities of $38.1million, including the aforementioned $26.8 million tax refund, and increased net income (net of non-cash operating adjustments) of $14.2 million.40Table of ContentsCash Flows from Investing Activities Year Ended December 31, Change(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs. 2014 2014 vs. 2013Net cash used in investing activities $(62,032) $(129,270) $(33,177) $67,238 $(96,093)Fiscal year 2015 as compared to fiscal year 2014Net cash used in investing activities decreased during the current fiscal year due primarily to decreased acquisition-related net cash outlays of $56.9 million anddecreased capital expenditures of $9.9 million . The Company currently plans capital spending of $20 million to $25 million during fiscal year 2016 as comparedto the $16.1 million that was spent in 2015 . The level of spending will be dependent upon various factors, including growth of the business and general economicconditions.Fiscal year 2014 as compared to fiscal year 2013Net cash used in investing activities increased during the prior fiscal year due primarily to increased acquisition-related net cash outlays of $98.8 million related tothe acquisitions of SpaceClaim and Reaction Design, partially offset by decreased capital spending of $2.8 million.Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Year Ended December 31, Change(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2015 vs. 2014 2014 vs. 2013Net cash used in financing activities $(291,751) $(185,642) $(129,759) $(106,109) $(55,883)Fiscal year 2015 as compared to fiscal year 2014Net cash used in financing activities increased during the current fiscal year due primarily to increased stock repurchases of $104.1 million .Fiscal year 2014 as compared to fiscal year 2013Net cash used in financing activities increased during the prior fiscal year due primarily to increased stock repurchases of $117.7 million, partially offset bydecreased principal payments on long-term debt of $53.1 million. The Company paid the outstanding balance of its term loan at maturity on July 31, 2013.Other Cash Flow InformationDuring the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 , the Company completed various acquisitions to accelerate the development of new and innovative productsto the marketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers. The acquisitions were not individually significant. The combined purchase price ofthe acquisitions was approximately $49.7 million , which included cash and equity. The operating results of each acquisition have been included in the Company'sconsolidated financial statements since each respective date of acquisition.The Company believes that existing cash and cash equivalent balances of $784.2 million , together with cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to meetthe Company's working capital and capital expenditure requirements through the next twelve months. The Company's cash requirements in the future may also befinanced through additional equity or debt financings. There can be no assurance that such financings can be obtained on favorable terms, if at all.Under the Company's stock repurchase program, the Company repurchased shares as follows: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share data)2015 2014 2013Number of shares repurchased3,833 2,977 1,494Average price paid per share$88.16 $78.54 $77.73Total cost$337,910 $233,793 $116,13241Table of ContentsIn February 2016, the Company's Board of Directors increased the number of shares authorized for repurchase to a total of 5.0 million shares under the stockrepurchase program. As of December 31, 2015 , 2.1 million shares remained available for repurchase under the program.The Company continues to generate positive cash flows from operating activities and believes that the best uses of its excess cash are to invest in the business andrepurchase stock in order to both offset dilution and return capital, in excess of its requirements, to stockholders with the goal of increasing stockholdervalue. Additionally, the Company has in the past, and expects in the future, to acquire or make investments in complementary companies, products, services andtechnologies. Any future acquisitions may be funded by available cash and investments, cash generated from operations, credit facilities, or the issuance ofadditional securities.Off-Balance-Sheet ArrangementsThe Company does not have any special-purpose entities or off-balance-sheet financing.42Table of ContentsContractual ObligationsThe Company's significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015 are summarized below: Payments Due by Period(in thousands) Total Within 1 year 2 – 3 years 4 – 5 years After 5 yearsGlobal headquarters operating lease (1) $45,137 $4,278 $8,556 $8,742 $23,561Other operating leases (2) 32,692 11,017 12,254 5,974 3,447Unconditional purchase obligations (3) 9,670 7,199 1,989 482 —Obligations related to uncertain tax positions, includinginterest and penalties (4) 124 124 — — —Other long-term obligations (5) 21,345 7,061 8,271 2,618 3,395Total contractual obligations $108,968 $29,679 $31,070 $17,816 $30,403(1)On September 14, 2012, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 186,000 square feet of rentable space located in an office facility in Canonsburg,Pennsylvania, which serves as the Company's headquarters. The lease was effective as of September 14, 2012, but because the leased premises were underconstruction, the Company was not obligated to pay rent until three months following the date that the leased premises were delivered to ANSYS, whichoccurred on October 1, 2014. The term of the lease is 183 months, beginning on October 1, 2014. The Company has a one-time right to terminate the leaseeffective upon the last day of the tenth full year following the date of possession (December 31, 2024), by providing the landlord with at least 18 months'prior written notice of such termination.(2)Other operating leases primarily include noncancellable lease commitments for the Company's other domestic and international offices as well as certainoperating equipment.(3)Unconditional purchase obligations primarily include software licenses and long-term purchase contracts for network, communication and officemaintenance services, which are unrecorded as of December 31, 2015.(4)The Company has $17.8 million of unrecognized tax benefits, including estimated interest and penalties, that have been recorded as liabilities in accordancewith income tax accounting guidance for which the Company is uncertain as to if or when such amounts may be settled. As a result, such amounts areexcluded from the table above.(5)Other long-term obligations primarily include deferred compensation of $13.1 million (including estimated imputed interest of $290,000 within 1 year and$250,000 within 2-3 years) and pension obligations of $6.2 million for certain foreign locations of the Company.43Table of ContentsCritical Accounting Policies and EstimatesThe Company believes that the following critical accounting policies affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidatedfinancial statements.Revenue Recognition: Revenue is derived principally from the licensing of computer software products and from related maintenance contracts. Revenue fromperpetual licenses is classified as license revenue and is recognized upon delivery of the licensed product and the utility that enables the customer to accessauthorization keys, provided that acceptance has occurred and a signed contractual obligation has been received, the price is fixed and determinable, andcollectibility of the receivable is probable. The Company determines the fair value of post-contract customer support ("PCS") sold together with perpetual licensesbased on the rate charged for PCS when sold separately. Revenue from PCS contracts is classified as maintenance and service revenue and is recognized ratablyover the term of the contract.Revenue for software lease licenses is classified as license revenue and is recognized over the period of the lease contract. Typically, the Company's softwareleases include PCS which, due to the short term (principally one year or less) of the Company's software lease licenses, cannot be separated from lease revenue foraccounting purposes. As a result, both the lease licenses and PCS are recognized ratably over the lease period. Due to the short-term nature of the software leaselicenses and the frequency with which the Company provides major product upgrades (typically every 12–18 months), the Company does not believe that asignificant portion of the fee paid under the arrangement is attributable to the PCS component of the arrangement and, as a result, includes the revenue for theentire arrangement within software license revenue in the consolidated statements of income.Many of the Company's semiconductor products are typically licensed via longer term leases of 24–36 months. The Company recognizes revenue for these licensesover the term of the lease contract. Because the Company does not have vendor-specific objective evidence of the fair value of these leases, the Company alsorecognizes revenue from perpetual licenses over the term of the lease contract during the infrequent occurrence of these licenses being sold with semiconductorleases in multiple-element arrangements.Revenue from training, support and other services is recognized as the services are performed. The Company applies the specific performance method to contractsin which the service consists of a single act, such as providing a training class to a customer, and the proportional performance method to other service contractsthat are longer in duration and often include multiple acts (for example, both training and consulting). In applying the proportional performance method, theCompany typically utilizes output-based estimates for services with contractual billing arrangements that are not based on time and materials, and estimates outputbased on the total tasks completed as compared to the total tasks required for each work contract. Input-based estimates are utilized for services that involvegeneral consultations with contractual billing arrangements based on time and materials, utilizing direct labor as the input measure.The Company also executes arrangements through independent channel partners in which the channel partners are authorized to market and distribute theCompany's software products to end users of the Company's products and services in specified territories. In sales facilitated by channel partners, the channelpartner bears the risk of collection from the end-user customer. The Company recognizes revenue from transactions with channel partners when the channel partnersubmits a written purchase commitment, collectibility from the channel partner is probable, a license agreement signed by the end-user customer is received anddelivery has occurred, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria are satisfied. Revenue from channel partner transactions is the amount remitted to theCompany by the channel partners. This amount includes a fee for PCS that is compensation for providing technical enhancements and the second level of technicalsupport to the end user, which is based on the rate charged for PCS when sold separately, and is recognized over the period that PCS is to be provided. TheCompany does not offer right of return, product rotation or price protection to any of its channel partners.Non-income related taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as accounts receivableand accrued expenses. The collection and payment of these amounts are reported on a net basis in the consolidated statements of income and do not impactreported revenues or expenses.The Company warrants to its customers that its software will substantially perform as specified in the Company's most current user manuals. The Company has notexperienced significant claims related to software warranties beyond the scope of maintenance support, which the Company is already obligated to provide.Consequently, the Company has not established reserves for warranty obligations.44Table of ContentsThe Company's agreements with its customers generally require it to indemnify the customer against claims that the Company's software infringes third-partypatent, copyright, trademark or other proprietary rights. Such indemnification obligations are generally limited in a variety of industry-standard respects, includingthe Company's right to replace an infringing product. As of December 31, 2015 , the Company had not experienced any losses related to these indemnificationobligations and no claims with respect thereto were outstanding. The Company does not expect significant claims related to these indemnification obligations, and,consequently, the Company has not established any related reserves.Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: The Company makes judgments as to its ability to collect outstanding receivables and provides allowances for a portion ofreceivables when collection becomes doubtful. Provisions are made based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding invoices from both value anddelinquency perspectives. For those invoices not specifically reviewed, provisions are provided at differing rates based upon the age of the receivable and thegeographic area of origin. In determining these percentages, the Company considers its historical collection experience and current economic trends in thecustomer's industry and geographic region. If the historical data used to calculate the allowance for doubtful accounts does not reflect the future ability to collectoutstanding receivables, additional provisions for doubtful accounts may be needed and future results of operations could be materially affected.Income Taxes: The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities forthe expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities aredetermined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which thedifferences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period of the enactmentdate.The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent it believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, the Companyconsiders all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planningstrategies and recent financial operations. In the event the Company determines that it will be able to realize deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowancewas used to reduce their carrying value, the adjustment to the valuation allowance will be recorded as a reduction to the provision for income taxes.Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits meet a more-likely-than-not threshold.Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively settled, which means that the statute of limitations has expired or theappropriate taxing authority has completed their examination even though the statute of limitations remains open. The Company recognizes interest and penaltiesrelated to income taxes within the income tax expense line in the consolidated statements of income. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the relatedtax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets.Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets: The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually by performinga quantitative assessment of whether the fair value of each reporting unit or asset exceeds its carrying amount. Goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level andindefinite-lived intangible assets are tested at the individual asset level. This requires the Company to assess and make judgments regarding a variety of factorswhich impact the fair value of the reporting unit or asset being tested, including business plans, anticipated future cash flows, economic projections and othermarket data. Because there are inherent uncertainties involved in these factors, significant differences between these estimates and actual results could result infuture impairment charges and could materially impact the Company's future financial results. During the first quarter of 2015 , the Company completed the annualimpairment test for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and determined that these assets had not been impaired as of the test date, January 1, 2015 . TheCompany tested a previously unamortized trade name that was determined to have a finite life for impairment during the first quarter of 2015 and determined thatits fair value exceeded its carrying value, so no impairment was recorded. No other events or circumstances changed during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2015 that would indicate that the fair values of the Company's reporting unit and indefinite lived intangible asset are below their carrying values.Contingencies: The Company is involved in various investigations, claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, includingcommercial disputes, labor and employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of intellectual property rights and other matters. The Company reviews thestatus of these matters, assesses its financial exposure and records a related accrual if the potential loss from an investigation, claim or legal proceeding is probableand the amount is reasonably estimable. Significant judgment is involved in the determination of probability and in the determination of whether an exposure isreasonably estimable. As a result of the uncertainties involved in making these estimates, the Company may have to revise its estimates as facts and circumstanceschange. The revision of these estimates could have a material impact on the Company's financial position and results of operations.45Table of ContentsStock-Based Compensation: The Company grants options and other stock awards to employees and directors under the Company's stock option and grant plan.Eligible employees can also purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discount under the Company's employee stock purchase plan. The benefitsprovided under these plans are share-based payments subject to the provisions of share-based payment accounting guidance. The Company uses the fair valuemethod to apply the provisions of share-based payment accounting guidance. Stock-based compensation expense for 2015 , 2014 and 2013 was $34.0 million ,$36.9 million and $35.3 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2015 , total unrecognized estimated compensation expense related to unvested stock optionsand awards granted prior to that date was $52.9 million , which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years .The value of each stock option award was estimated on the date of grant, or date of acquisition for options issued in a business combination, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). The determination of the fair value of share-based payment awards using an option pricing model isaffected by the Company's stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include the Company'sexpected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rates and expecteddividends. The table below presents the weighted average input assumptions used and resulting fair values for options granted or issued in business combinationsduring each respective year. The stock-based compensation expense for options is recorded ratably over the requisite service period. The interest rate assumptionswere determined by using the five-year U.S. Treasury Note yield on the date of grant or date of acquisition. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Risk-free interest rate 1.18% to 1.65% 1.49% to 1.76% 0.68% to 1.48%Expected dividend yield —% —% —%Expected volatility 25% 35% 37%Expected term 5.6 years 5.7 years 5.8 yearsWeighted-average fair value per share $30.83 $32.26 $29.85The Company issues various restricted stock awards which contain a market condition, a performance condition, a service condition, or any combination of thethree. Restricted stock awards are valued based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Stock compensation expense is recognized over the employee's requisiteservice period for awards with only a service condition. For awards with a performance condition, stock-based compensation expense is recorded from the serviceinception date through the conclusion of the measurement period based on management's estimates concerning the probability of vesting.Vesting of restricted stock awards with a market condition is based on the Company's performance as measured by total shareholder return relative to the medianpercentage appreciation of a specified stock index over the measurement period, subject to each participant's continued employment with the Company through theconclusion of the measurement period. The fair value of the restricted stock awards with a market condition is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model.The determination of the fair value of the awards is affected by the grant date and a number of variables, each of which has been identified in the chart below forawards granted during each respective period. Share-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the award is being recorded from the grant datethrough the conclusion of the measurement period. Year Ended December 31,Assumptions used in Monte Carlo lattice pricing model2015 2014 2013Risk-free interest rate1.1% 0.7% 0.4%Expected dividend yield—% —% —%Expected volatility—ANSYS stock price23% 25% 25%Expected volatility—NASDAQ Composite Index14% 15% 20%Expected term2.8 years 2.8 years 2.8 yearsCorrelation factor0.60 0.70 0.70Weighted-average fair value per share$81.61$65.94$50.05The Company also grants deferred stock units to non-affiliate Independent Directors, which are rights to receive shares of common stock upon termination ofservice as a Director. The deferred stock units are issued in arrears and vest immediately.To the extent the Company changes the terms of its stock-based compensation programs, experiences market volatility in the pricing of its common stock thatincreases the implied volatility assumption used in the Black-Scholes model, refines different46Table of Contentsassumptions in future periods such as forfeiture rates that differ from current estimates, or assumes stock awards from acquired companies that are different innature than the Company's stock award arrangements, among other potential impacts, the stock-based compensation expense recorded in future periods and therelated tax benefits may differ significantly from what was recorded in previous reporting periods.Estimates of stock-based compensation expense are significant to the Company's financial statements, but this expense is based on the aforementioned optionvaluation models and will never result in the payment of cash by the Company. For this reason, and because the Company does not view stock-based compensationas related to its operational performance, the Board of Directors and management exclude stock-based compensation expense when evaluating the Company'sunderlying business performance.Recent Accounting GuidanceFor information regarding recent accounting guidance and the impact of this guidance on the Company's consolidated financial statements, see Note 2 to theconsolidated financial statements in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.47Table of ContentsITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKInterest Income Rate Risk . Changes in the overall level of interest rates affect the interest income that is generated from the Company's cash, cash equivalents andshort-term investments. For the year ended December 31, 2015 , total interest income was $2.8 million . Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highlyliquid investments such as money market mutual funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-term investments consist primarily of deposits held by certainforeign subsidiaries of the Company with original maturities of three months to one year.Foreign Currency Transaction Risk. As the Company operates in international regions, a portion of its revenue, expenses, cash, accounts receivable and paymentobligations are denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the Company's financial position, results ofoperations and cash flows. The Company is most impacted by movements in and among the Euro, Japanese Yen, South Korean Won, British Pound, CanadianDollar, Indian Rupee and U.S. Dollar.With respect to revenue, on average for the year ended December 31, 2015 , the U.S. Dollar was 12.5% stronger, when measured against the Company's primaryforeign currencies, than for the year ended December 31, 2014 . The net overall strengthening resulted in decreased revenue of $65.9 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 . The impact on revenue was primarily driven by $42.7 million , $14.6 million , $2.9 millionand $2.9 million of adverse impact due to a weakening Euro, Japanese Yen, South Korean Won and British Pound, respectively. The net overall strengthening ofthe U.S. Dollar also resulted in decreased operating income of $38.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year endedDecember 31, 2014 .The Company has foreign currency denominated liabilities. In order to provide a natural hedge to mitigate the foreign currency exchange risk, the Company willpurchase foreign currencies and hold these currencies in cash until the liabilities are settled.The most significant currency impacts on revenue and operating income are typically attributable to U.S. Dollar exchange rate changes against the British Pound,Euro and Japanese Yen. The exchange rates for these currencies are reflected in the charts below: Period End Exchange RatesAs ofGBP/USD EUR/USD USD/JPYDecember 31, 20121.625 1.320 86.730December 31, 20131.656 1.375 105.263December 31, 20141.557 1.210 119.703December 31, 20151.474 1.086 120.337 Average Exchange RatesTwelve Months EndedGBP/USD EUR/USD USD/JPYDecember 31, 20131.565 1.328 97.463December 31, 20141.648 1.329 105.592December 31, 20151.528 1.110 121.01848Table of ContentsITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATAThe following tables set forth selected unaudited quarterly information. The Company believes that the amounts stated below present fairly the results of suchperiods when read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Other information required by this Item is included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Fiscal Quarter Ended(in thousands, except per share data) December 31, 2015 September 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 March 31, 2015Revenue $251,647 $237,840 $235,485 $217,781Gross profit 214,655 201,259 197,700 181,893Operating income 96,943 90,183 86,495 80,058Net income 68,021 66,033 62,335 56,132Earnings per share – basic $0.77 $0.74 $0.69 $0.62Earnings per share – diluted $0.75 $0.72 $0.68 $0.61 Fiscal Quarter Ended(in thousands, except per share data) December 31, 2014 September 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014Revenue $254,375 $234,000 $232,375 $215,271Gross profit 214,606 196,806 193,697 177,526Operating income 94,048 90,808 83,532 79,062Net income 69,633 65,479 63,036 56,542Earnings per share – basic $0.76 $0.71 $0.68 $0.61Earnings per share – diluted $0.74 $0.70 $0.67 $0.6049Table of ContentsITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURENone.ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESEvaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures . As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or theExchange Act, the Company has evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, theeffectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, theChief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of theExchange Act.The Company has a Disclosure Review Committee to assist in the quarterly evaluation of the Company's internal disclosure controls and procedures and in thereview of the Company's periodic filings under the Exchange Act. The membership of the Disclosure Review Committee consists of the Company's ChiefExecutive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Global Controller, General Counsel, Senior Director of Investor Relations and Global Insurance, Vice President ofWorldwide Sales and Support, Vice President of Human Resources, Vice President of Marketing and Chief Product Officer. This committee is advised by externalcounsel, particularly on SEC-related matters. Additionally, other members of the Company's global management team advise the committee with respect todisclosure via a sub-certification process.The Company believes, based on its knowledge, that the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present, in all materialrespects, the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of and for the periods presented in this report. The Company is committedto both a sound internal control environment and to good corporate governance.Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectivenessto future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies orprocedures may deteriorate.From time to time, the Company reviews the disclosure controls and procedures, and may periodically make changes to enhance their effectiveness and to ensurethat the Company's systems evolve with its business.Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting . The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control overfinancial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management,including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal controlover financial reporting based upon the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the TreadwayCommission. Based on this evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's internal controlover financial reporting was effective at December 31, 2015 .Additionally, Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on the Company's internal control overfinancial reporting. This report is included in Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Changes in Internal Controls . There were no changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months endedDecember 31, 2015 that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATIONNone.50Table of ContentsPART IIIITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCEThe information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2016 Proxy Statement and is set forth under “Our Board of Directors”, “OurExecutive Officers” and “Ownership of Our Common Stock” therein.ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATIONThe information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2016 Proxy Statement and is set forth under “Our Board of Directors” and“Our Executive Officers” therein.ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT, AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERMATTERSThe information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2016 Proxy Statement and is set forth under “Ownership of Our CommonStock” therein.ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCEThe information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2016 Proxy Statement and is set forth under “Our Board of Directors” therein.ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICESThe information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2016 Proxy Statement and is set forth under “Independent Registered PublicAccounting Firm” therein.51Table of ContentsPART IVITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES(a)Documents Filed as Part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:1.Financial Statements: The following consolidated financial statements and reports of independent registered public accounting firm are filed as partof this report:-Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting53-Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm54-Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 201456-Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 201357-Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 201358-Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 201359-Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 201360-Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements612.Financial Statement Schedule: The following financial statement schedule is filed as part of this report and should be read in conjunction with theconsolidated financial statements.-Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts84Schedules not listed above have been omitted because they are not applicable, are not required or the information required to be set forth therein isincluded in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.3.Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index immediately following the financial statement schedule are filed as part of, orincorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.(b)Exhibits:The Company hereby files as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K the exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately following the financialstatement schedule of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.1.Financial Statement ScheduleThe Company hereby files as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K the financial statement schedule listed in Item 15(a)(2) as set forth above.52Table of ContentsMANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTINGManagement is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting for the Company. In order to evaluatethe effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, management has conducted an assessment, including testing, using the financial reporting criteria inthe Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) , issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.The Company's system of internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's management and Board ofDirectors regarding the reliability of financial records used in preparation of the Company's published financial statements. As all internal control systems haveinherent limitations, even systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation andpresentation. Based on its assessment, management has concluded that the Company maintained an effective system of internal control over financial reporting asof December 31, 2015 . Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Company's internal control over financialreporting as of December 31, 2015 , as stated in their report which appears in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K./s/ J AMES E. C ASHMAN III /s/ M ARIA T. S HIELDS James E. Cashman III Maria T. ShieldsPresident and Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial OfficerFebruary 25, 2016 February 25, 201653Table of ContentsREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Stockholders of ANSYS, Inc.Canonsburg, PennsylvaniaWe have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 , and therelated consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period endedDecember 31, 2015 . Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statementschedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statementschedule based on our audits.We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that weplan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used andsignificant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basisfor our opinion.In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries as ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014 , and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015 , inconformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, whenconsidered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control overfinancial reporting as of December 31, 2015 , based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee ofSponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 25, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internalcontrol over financial reporting./s/ Deloitte & Touche LLPPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaFebruary 25, 201654Table of ContentsREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Stockholders of ANSYS, Inc.Canonsburg, PennsylvaniaWe have audited the internal control over financial reporting of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2015 , based on criteriaestablished in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. TheCompany's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internalcontrol over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to expressan opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that weplan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluatingthe design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in thecircumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principalfinancial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to providereasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generallyaccepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance ofrecords that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance thattransactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receiptsand expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonableassurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on thefinancial statements.Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls,material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of theinternal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or thatthe degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015 , based on the criteriaestablished in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statementsand financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 of the Company and our report dated February 25, 2016 expressed an unqualifiedopinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule./s/ Deloitte & Touche LLPPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaFebruary 25, 201655Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31,(in thousands, except share and per share data)2015 2014ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents$784,168 $788,064Short-term investments446 714Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,200 and $5,500, respectively91,579 101,229Other receivables and current assets200,233 192,308Total current assets1,076,426 1,082,315Property and equipment, net61,924 64,643Goodwill1,332,348 1,312,182Other intangible assets, net220,553 259,312Other long-term assets5,757 6,187Deferred income taxes32,896 28,240Total assets$2,729,904 $2,752,879LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable$4,865 $3,421Accrued bonuses and commissions46,141 47,001Accrued income taxes4,695 7,127Other accrued expenses and liabilities63,801 74,862Deferred revenue364,644 332,664Total current liabilities484,146 465,075Long-term liabilities: Deferred income taxes2,091 16,190Other long-term liabilities49,240 54,113Total long-term liabilities51,331 70,303Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued or outstanding— —Common stock, $.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 93,236,023 shares issued932 932Additional paid-in capital894,469 904,825Retained earnings1,792,029 1,539,508Treasury stock, at cost: 5,096,505 and 2,470,675 shares, respectively(440,839) (196,010)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(52,164) (31,754)Total stockholders' equity2,194,427 2,217,501Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$2,729,904 $2,752,879The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.56Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share data)2015 2014 2013Revenue: Software licenses$555,105 $564,502 $528,944Maintenance and service387,648 371,519 332,316Total revenue942,753 936,021 861,260Cost of sales: Software licenses29,105 30,607 28,363Amortization38,755 37,653 38,298Maintenance and service79,386 85,126 80,031Total cost of sales147,246 153,386 146,692Gross profit795,507 782,635 714,568Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative253,603 246,376 218,907Research and development168,831 165,421 151,439Amortization19,394 23,388 22,359Total operating expenses441,828 435,185 392,705Operating income353,679 347,450 321,863Interest expense(325) (779) (1,169)Interest income2,829 3,002 2,841Other income (expense), net582 (1,534) (1,046)Income before income tax provision356,765 348,139 322,489Income tax provision104,244 93,449 77,162Net income$252,521 $254,690 $245,327Earnings per share – basic: Basic earnings per share$2.82 $2.77 $2.65Weighted average shares – basic89,56192,067 92,691Earnings per share – diluted: Diluted earnings per share$2.76 $2.70 $2.58Weighted average shares – diluted91,50294,194 95,139The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.57Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014 2013Net income$252,521 $254,690 $245,327Other comprehensive loss: Foreign currency translation adjustments(20,410) (29,110) (11,295)Comprehensive income$232,111 $225,580 $234,032The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.58Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014 2013Cash flows from operating activities: Net income$252,521 $254,690 $245,327Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization77,670 81,924 80,701Deferred income tax benefit(15,196) (18,859) (24,025)Provision for bad debts1,304 2,104 1,465Stock-based compensation expense33,951 36,861 35,298Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation(8,176) (14,531) (9,971)Other1,413 868 73Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable6,044 (5,554) (2,983)Other receivables and current assets(17,662) (877) (44,162)Other long-term assets273 (1,838) (462)Accounts payable, accrued expenses and current liabilities(6,993) 8,208 15,737Accrued income taxes5,770 12,102 11,876Deferred revenue40,566 35,548 42,105Other long-term liabilities(3,962) (5,339) (17,996)Net cash provided by operating activities367,523 385,307 332,983Cash flows from investing activities: Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(46,117) (103,016) (4,224)Capital expenditures(16,145) (26,023) (28,848)Other investing activities230 (231) (105)Net cash used in investing activities(62,032) (129,270) (33,177)Cash flows from financing activities: Principal payments on long-term debt and capital leases(21) (91) (53,149)Purchase of treasury stock(337,910) (233,793) (116,132)Restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issued shares(4,446) (5,108) (4,269)Contingent consideration payments(1,173) (4,504) (3,174)Proceeds from shares issued for stock-based compensation43,623 43,323 36,994Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation8,176 14,531 9,971Net cash used in financing activities(291,751) (185,642) (129,759)Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents(17,636) (24,817) (4,264)Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(3,896) 45,578 165,783Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period788,064 742,486 576,703Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$784,168 $788,064 $742,486Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Income taxes paid$107,218 $118,004 $97,706Interest paid$620 $643 $736Fair value of stock options and restricted stock awards assumed in connection with acquisitions$3,528 $68 $—Construction-in-progress - leased facility$— $(18,136) $18,136The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.59Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Common Stock AdditionalPaid-InCapital RetainedEarnings Treasury Stock AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncome (Loss) TotalStockholders'Equity(in thousands)Shares Amount Shares Amount Balance, January 1, 201393,202 $932 $927,368 $1,039,491 536 $(36,151) $8,651 $1,940,291Treasury shares acquired 1,494 (116,132) (116,132)Stock-based compensationactivity, including tax benefit of$10,03334 (1,337) (1,112) 79,392 78,055Other comprehensive loss (11,295) (11,295)Net income for the year 245,327 245,327Balance, December 31, 201393,236 932 926,031 1,284,818 918 (72,891) (2,644) 2,136,246Treasury shares acquired 2,977 (233,793) (233,793)Stock-based compensationactivity, including tax benefit of$14,970 (20,628) (1,424) 110,674 90,046Other comprehensive loss (29,110) (29,110)Net income for the year 254,690 254,690Acquisition-related activity (578) (578)Balance, December 31, 201493,236 932 904,825 1,539,508 2,471 (196,010) (31,754) 2,217,501Treasury shares acquired 3,833 (337,910) (337,910)Stock-based compensationactivity, including tax benefitof $6,068 (8,434) (1,139) 87,631 79,197Other comprehensive loss (20,410) (20,410)Net income for the year 252,521 252,521Acquisition-related activity (1,922) (68) 5,450 3,528Balance, December 31, 201593,236 $932 $894,469 $1,792,029 5,097 $(440,839) $(52,164) $2,194,427The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.60Table of ContentsANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSDecember 31, 20151.OrganizationANSYS, Inc. (hereafter the "Company" or "ANSYS") develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and technologies widely used by engineers,designers, researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including aerospace and defense, automotive, industrial equipment,electronics, biomedical, energy, materials and chemical processing, and semiconductors.As of January 1, 2015, the Company began to operate as one segment when two legal entities merged and a third insignificant acquired segment was no longerseparately reported internally.Given the integrated approach to the multi-discipline problem-solving needs of the Company's customers, a single sale of software may contain components frommultiple product areas and include combined technologies. The Company also has a multi-year product and integration strategy that will result in new, combinedproducts or changes to the historical product offerings. As a result, it is impracticable for the Company to provide accurate historical or current reporting among itsvarious product lines.2.Accounting PoliciesAccounting PrinciplesThe financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.Principles of ConsolidationThe accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts andtransactions have been eliminated.Use of EstimatesThe preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimatesand assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements.Estimates also affect the amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. Significant estimates included in these consolidated financial statementsinclude:•Allowances for doubtful accounts receivable•Income tax accruals•Uncertain tax positions•Tax valuation reserves•Fair value of stock-based compensation•Contract revenue•Useful lives for depreciation and amortization•Valuations of goodwill and other intangible assets•Contingent consideration•Deferred compensation•Loss contingenciesActual results could differ from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the results of operations in the period that the changes occur.61Table of ContentsRevenue RecognitionRevenue is derived principally from the licensing of computer software products and from related maintenance contracts. Revenue from perpetual licenses isclassified as license revenue and is recognized upon delivery of the licensed product and the utility that enables the customer to access authorization keys, providedthat acceptance has occurred and a signed contractual obligation has been received, the price is fixed and determinable, and collectibility of the receivable isprobable. The Company determines the fair value of PCS sold together with perpetual licenses based on the rate charged for PCS when sold separately. Revenuefrom PCS contracts is classified as maintenance and service revenue and is recognized ratably over the term of the contract.Revenue for software lease licenses is classified as license revenue and is recognized over the period of the lease contract. Typically, the Company's softwareleases include PCS which, due to the short term (principally one year or less) of the Company's software lease licenses, cannot be separated from lease revenue foraccounting purposes. As a result, both the lease licenses and PCS are recognized ratably over the lease period. Due to the short-term nature of the software leaselicenses and the frequency with which the Company provides major product upgrades (typically every 12 – 18 months), the Company does not believe that asignificant portion of the fee paid under the arrangement is attributable to the PCS component of the arrangement and, as a result, includes the revenue for theentire arrangement within software license revenue in the consolidated statements of income.Many of the Company's semiconductor products are typically licensed via longer term leases of 24 – 36 months. The Company recognizes revenue for theselicenses over the term of the lease contract. Because the Company does not have vendor-specific objective evidence of the fair value of these leases, the Companyalso recognizes revenue from perpetual licenses over the term of the lease contract during the infrequent occurrence of these licenses being sold withsemiconductor leases in multiple-element arrangements.Revenue from training, support and other services is recognized as the services are performed. The Company applies the specific performance method to contractsin which the service consists of a single act, such as providing a training class to a customer, and the proportional performance method to other service contractsthat are longer in duration and often include multiple acts (for example, both training and consulting). In applying the proportional performance method, theCompany typically utilizes output-based estimates for services with contractual billing arrangements that are not based on time and materials, and estimates outputbased on the total tasks completed as compared to the total tasks required for each work contract. Input-based estimates are utilized for services that involvegeneral consultations with contractual billing arrangements based on time and materials, utilizing direct labor as the input measure.The Company also executes arrangements through independent channel partners in which the channel partners are authorized to market and distribute theCompany's software products to end users of the Company's products and services in specified territories. In sales facilitated by channel partners, the channelpartner bears the risk of collection from the end-user customer. The Company recognizes revenue from transactions with channel partners when the channel partnersubmits a written purchase commitment, collectibility from the channel partner is probable, a license agreement signed by the end-user customer is received anddelivery has occurred, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria are satisfied. Revenue from channel partner transactions is the amount remitted to theCompany by the channel partners. This amount includes a fee for PCS that is compensation for providing technical enhancements and the second level of technicalsupport to the end user, which is based on the rate charged for PCS when sold separately, and is recognized over the period that PCS is to be provided. TheCompany does not offer right of return, product rotation or price protection to any of its channel partners.Non-income related taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as accounts receivableand accrued expenses. The collection and payment of these amounts are reported on a net basis in the consolidated statements of income and do not impactreported revenues or expenses.The Company warrants to its customers that its software will substantially perform as specified in the Company's most current user manuals. The Company has notexperienced significant claims related to software warranties beyond the scope of maintenance support, which the Company is already obligated to provide.Consequently, the Company has not established reserves for warranty obligations.62Table of ContentsCash and Cash EquivalentsCash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as deposits held at major banks and money market mutual funds with originalmaturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company's cash and cash equivalents balancescomprise the following: December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014(in thousands, except percentages)Amount % of Total Amount % of TotalCash accounts$427,244 54.5 $506,731 64.3Money market mutual funds356,924 45.5 281,333 35.7Total$784,168 $788,064 The Company's money market mutual fund balances are held in various funds of a single issuer.Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various classes of assets,which range from one to forty years. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Gains or losses from the sale or retirement of property andequipment are included in operating income.Research and DevelopmentResearch and development costs, other than certain capitalized software development costs, are expensed as incurred.Software Development CostsInternally developed software costs required to be capitalized as defined by the accounting guidance are not material to the Company's consolidated financialstatements.Business CombinationsWhen the Company consummates an acquisition, the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognized separately from goodwill at their acquisition datefair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair valuesof the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While best estimates and assumptions are used to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at theacquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, the Company's estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result,during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilitiesassumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill as the Company obtains new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition datethat, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date. Upon the earlier of the conclusion of the measurement period orfinal determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of income.Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsGoodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of net identifiable assets acquired. Other intangible assets consist of trade names,customer lists, contract backlog, acquired software and technology, and a non-compete agreement. Intangible assets that are not considered to have an indefiniteuseful life are amortized over their useful lives, which are generally two to fifteen years. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $58.1 million , $61.0million and $60.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually by performing a quantitative assessment of whether the fairvalue of each reporting unit or asset exceeds its carrying amount. Goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested at theindividual asset level. This requires the Company to assess and make judgments regarding a variety of factors which impact the fair value of the reporting unit orasset being tested, including business plans, anticipated future cash flows, economic projections and other market data.The Company performs its annual impairment tests for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on January 1 of each year unless there is an indicator thatwould require a test during the year. The Company periodically reviews the carrying value63Table of Contentsof other intangible assets and will recognize impairments when events or circumstances indicate that such assets may be impaired.Concentrations of Credit RiskThe Company has a concentration of credit risk with respect to revenue and trade receivables due to the use of certain significant channel partners to market andsell the Company's products. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition and generally does not require collateral. Thefollowing table outlines concentrations of risk with respect to the Company's revenue: Year Ended December 31,(as a % of revenue) 2015 2014 2013Revenue from channel partners 24% 25% 25%Largest channel partner 5% 4% 6%2 nd largest channel partner 2% 2% 2%No single customer accounted for more than 5% of the Company's revenue in 2015 , 2014 or 2013 .In addition to the concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables, the Company's cash and cash equivalents are also exposed to concentration of creditrisk. The Company's cash and cash equivalent accounts are insured through various public and private bank deposit insurance programs, foreign and domestic;however, a significant portion of the Company's funds are not insured. The following table outlines concentrations of risk with respect to the Company's cash andcash equivalents: As of December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014Cash and cash equivalents held domestically$539,031 $556,328Cash and cash equivalents held by foreign subsidiaries245,137 231,736Cash and cash equivalents held in excess of deposit insurance, foreign and domestic763,400 747,911Largest balance of cash and cash equivalents held with one financial institution, foreign and domestic440,650 350,628Allowance for Doubtful AccountsThe Company makes judgments as to its ability to collect outstanding receivables and provides allowances for a portion of receivables when collection becomesdoubtful. Provisions are made based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding invoices from both value and delinquency perspectives. For thoseinvoices not specifically reviewed, provisions are estimated at differing rates based upon the age of the receivable and the geographic area of origin. In determiningthese percentages, the Company considers its historical collection experience and current economic trends in the customer's industry and geographic region. TheCompany recorded provisions for doubtful accounts of $1.3 million , $2.1 million and $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 ,respectively.Income TaxesThe Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expectedfuture tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based onthe differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences areexpected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period of the enactment date.The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent it believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, the Companyconsiders all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planningstrategies and recent financial operations. In the event the Company determines that it will be able to realize deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowancewas used to reduce their carrying value, the adjustment to the valuation allowance will be recorded as a reduction to the provision for income taxes.Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits meet a more-likely-than-not threshold.Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively64Table of Contentssettled, which means that the statute of limitations has expired or the appropriate taxing authority has completed their examination even though the statute oflimitations remains open. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes within the income tax expense line in the accompanyingconsolidated statements of income. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets.Foreign CurrenciesCertain of the Company's sales and intercompany transactions are denominated in foreign currencies. These transactions are translated to the functional currency atthe exchange rate on the transaction date. Assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the Company's or subsidiary's functional currency aretranslated at the effective exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in other income(expense), net. The Company recorded net foreign exchange gains of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and net foreign exchange losses of $1.6million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 , respectively.The financial statements of the Company's foreign subsidiaries are translated from the functional (local) currency to U.S. Dollars. Assets and liabilities aretranslated at the exchange rates on the balance sheet date. Results of operations are translated at average exchange rates, which approximate rates in effect whenthe underlying transactions occurred.Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossAccumulated other comprehensive loss is composed entirely of foreign currency translation adjustments.Earnings Per ShareBasic earnings per share ("EPS") amounts are computed by dividing earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive equivalents outstanding. To the extent stock options are anti-dilutive, theyare excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. The details of basic and diluted EPS are as follows: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share data) 2015 2014 2013Net income $252,521 $254,690 $245,327Weighted average shares outstanding – basic 89,561 92,067 92,691Dilutive effect of stock plans 1,941 2,127 2,448Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted 91,502 94,194 95,139Basic earnings per share $2.82 $2.77 $2.65Diluted earnings per share $2.76 $2.70 $2.58Anti-dilutive options 206 718 885Stock-Based CompensationThe Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with share-based payment accounting guidance. The guidance requires an entity to measurethe cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost is recognized overthe period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, typically the vesting period.Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsThe Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value in accordance with the accounting guidance applicable to fair value measurements anddisclosures. The carrying values of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, other accrued liabilities and short-termobligations are deemed to be reasonable estimates of their fair values because of their short-term nature. The fair values of investments are based on quoted marketprices for those or similar investments.New Accounting GuidanceBalance sheet classification of deferred taxes: In November 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification ofDeferred Taxes (ASU 2015-17). ASU 2015-17 requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities to be classified as long-term on the balance sheet. Prior guidancerequired both current and long-term classification, if applicable. The guidance was early adopted by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2015 andapplied65Table of Contentsretrospectively. As a result of the retrospective adoption, the Company reclassified certain deferred taxes of $7.0 million to long-term deferred tax assets and $21.2million to long-term deferred tax liabilities on the December 31, 2014 consolidated balance sheet.Measurement-period adjustments related to business combinations: In September 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-16, Simplifyingthe Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASU 2015-16). ASU 2015-16 requires adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during themeasurement period to be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined. The acquirer must record the effect on earnings of changes indepreciation, amortization or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completedat the acquisition date. Prior guidance required the restatement of prior periods if the adjustments impacted those periods. The guidance was early adopted by theCompany during the quarter ended September 30, 2015 and applied prospectively. The impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and cashflows was not material.Revenue from contracts with customers: In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers(Topic 606) (ASU 2014-09). ASU 2014-09 supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. Current guidance requiresan entity to recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the seller's price to thebuyer is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Under the new guidance, an entity is required to evaluate revenue recognition by identifyinga contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to theperformance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contractswith Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date , delayed the effective date of ASU 2014-09 to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017,including interim periods within that reporting period. Entities have the option of using a full retrospective, cumulative effect or modified approach to adopt ASU2014-09. This update will impact the timing and amounts of revenue recognized. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that implementation of this updatewill have on its financial results upon adoption.3.Acquisitions2015 AcquisitionsDuring the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 , the Company completed various acquisitions to accelerate the development of new and innovative productsto the marketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers. The acquisitions were not individually significant. The combined purchase price ofthe acquisitions was approximately $49.7 million , which included cash and equity.The operating results of each acquisition have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements since each respective date of acquisition. Theeffects of the business combinations were not material to the Company's consolidated results of operations individually or in the aggregate.The total consideration transferred was allocated to the assets and liabilities of each acquisition based on management's estimates of the fair values of the assetsacquired and liabilities assumed. The allocation included $24.5 million to identifiable intangible assets to be amortized over periods between five and ten years,and $27.5 million to goodwill, inclusive of any measurement-period adjustments recorded since the respective acquisition dates. The fair values of the assetsacquired and liabilities assumed are based on provisional calculations and the estimates and assumptions for these items are subject to change during themeasurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) as the Company obtains new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of theacquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.In valuing deferred revenue on the balance sheet as of each acquisition date, the Company applied the fair value provisions applicable to the accounting forbusiness combinations. Acquired deferred revenues with a combined historical carrying value of $0.9 million were ascribed no fair value on the opening balancesheets. As a result, the Company's post-acquisition revenue will be less than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ANSYS and each acquireeabsent the acquisitions. The impact on reported revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was $0.8 million . The expected impact on reportedrevenue is $0.1 million for the year ending December 31, 2016.SpaceClaim CorporationOn April 30, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of SpaceClaim, a leading provider of 3-D modeling technology. Under the terms of the agreement,ANSYS acquired SpaceClaim for a purchase price of $85.0 million , which was paid almost entirely in cash.66Table of ContentsSpaceClaim's software provides customers with a powerful and intuitive 3-D direct modeling solution to author new concepts and then leverage the power ofsimulation to rapidly iterate on these designs to drive innovation. The broad appeal of the SpaceClaim technology can help the Company deliver simulation tools toany engineer in any industry. The complementary combination is expected to accelerate the development of new and innovative products to the marketplace whilelowering design and engineering costs for customers.The operating results of SpaceClaim have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements from April 30, 2014, the date of acquisition.The assets and liabilities of SpaceClaim have been recorded based upon management's estimates of their fair market values as of the acquisition date. Thefollowing tables summarize the fair value of consideration transferred and the fair values of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisitiondate, as adjusted within the one-year measurement period:Fair Value of Consideration Transferred:(in thousands) Cash$84,892ANSYS replacement stock options68Total consideration transferred at fair value$84,960Recognized Amounts of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed:(in thousands) Cash$723Accounts receivable and other tangible assets1,857Developed technology (10-year life)15,800Customer relationships (6-year life)9,400Trade name (6-year life)1,300Contract backlog (6-year life)550Non-compete agreement (2-year life)300Net deferred tax assets9,288Accounts payable and other liabilities(2,011)Deferred revenue(700)Total identifiable net assets$36,507Goodwill$48,453The goodwill, which is not tax-deductible, is attributed to intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, including the assembled workforce of theacquired business and the synergies expected to arise as a result of the acquisition of SpaceClaim.During the one-year measurement period since the SpaceClaim acquisition date, the Company adjusted the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilitiesassumed, with the offset recorded as a $4.8 million decrease to goodwill. These adjustments were made as the Company obtained new information about facts andcircumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.In valuing deferred revenue on the SpaceClaim balance sheet as of the acquisition date, the Company applied the fair value provisions applicable to the accountingfor business combinations. Acquired deferred revenue with a historical carrying value of $3.3 million was ascribed a fair value of $0.7 million on the openingbalance sheet. As a result, the Company's post-acquisition revenue will be less than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ANSYS andSpaceClaim absent the acquisition. The impacts on reported revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $0.6 million and $2.0million , respectively.Reaction DesignOn January 3, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of Reaction Design, a leading developer of chemistry simulation software. Under the terms of theagreement, ANSYS acquired Reaction Design for a purchase price of $19.1 million in cash. Reaction Design's solutions enable transportation manufacturers andenergy companies to rapidly achieve their clean technology goals by automating the analysis of chemical processes via computer simulation and modelingsolutions.67Table of ContentsThe operating results of Reaction Design have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition, January 3, 2014. Thetotal consideration transferred was allocated to the assets and liabilities of Reaction Design based on management's estimates of the fair values of the assetsacquired and the liabilities assumed. The allocation included $7.0 million to identifiable intangible assets, including core technology, customer lists and tradenames, to be amortized over periods between two and eleven years, and $9.2 million to goodwill, which is not tax-deductible. These amounts includemeasurement-period adjustments. During the one-year measurement period since the Reaction Design acquisition date, the Company adjusted the fair values of theassets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the offset recorded as an increase to goodwill of $1.9 million and a reduction in noncontrolling interest of $0.6 million. These adjustments were made as the Company obtained new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known,would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.In valuing deferred revenue on the Reaction Design balance sheet as of the acquisition date, the Company applied the fair value provisions applicable to theaccounting for business combinations. Acquired deferred revenue with a historical carrying value of $2.3 million was ascribed no fair value on the openingbalance sheet. As a result, the Company's post-acquisition revenue will be less than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ANSYS and ReactionDesign absent the acquisition. The impacts on reported revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $0.3 million and $2.0 million ,respectively.EVEN - Evolutionary Engineering AGOn April 2, 2013, the Company acquired EVEN, a leading provider of composite analysis and optimization technology. Under the terms of the agreement, ANSYSacquired EVEN for a purchase price of $8.1 million , which consisted of $4.5 million in cash and an estimated $3.6 million of contingent consideration based onEVEN's achievement of certain technical milestones during the three years following the acquisition date. To date, the Company has paid $3.0 million , includingimputed interest, of its contingent consideration related to the EVEN acquisition.The total consideration transferred was allocated to the assets and liabilities of EVEN based on management's estimates of the fair values of the assets acquired andthe liabilities assumed. The allocation included $2.6 million to identifiable intangible assets, including customer lists and core technology, to be amortized over aperiod of five years, and $5.9 million to goodwill, which is not tax-deductible.4.Other Receivables and Current AssetsThe Company's other receivables and current assets comprise the following balances:(in thousands)December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014Receivables related to unrecognized revenue$170,186 $152,830Income taxes receivable, including overpayments and refunds7,877 18,276Prepaid expenses and other current assets22,170 21,202Total other receivables and current assets$200,233 $192,308Receivables for unrecognized revenue represent the current portion of billings made for annual lease licenses and software maintenance that have not yet beenrecognized as revenue.68Table of Contents5.Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment consists of the following: December 31,(in thousands) Estimated Useful Lives 2015 2014Equipment 1-10 years $78,932 $75,500Computer software 1-5 years 33,710 30,007Buildings 10-40 years 25,041 24,526Leasehold improvements 1-15 years 12,621 10,368Furniture 1-13 years 8,601 8,475Land 1,759 2,140Property and equipment, gross 160,664 151,016Less: Accumulated depreciation (98,740) (86,373)Property and equipment, net $61,924 $64,643Depreciation expense related to property and equipment, including the amounts acquired through capital lease commitments, was $19.5 million , $20.9 million and$19.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.6.Goodwill and Intangible AssetsGoodwill represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred over the value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of acquiredbusinesses. Identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations are recorded based on their fair values on the date of acquisition.During the first quarter of 2015 , the Company completed the annual impairment test for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and determined that theseassets had not been impaired as of the test date, January 1, 2015 . The Company tested a previously unamortized trade name that was determined to have a finitelife for impairment during the first quarter of 2015 and determined that its fair value exceeded its carrying value, so no impairment was recorded. No other eventsoccurred or circumstances changed during the year ended December 31, 2015 that would indicate that the fair values of the Company's reporting units andindefinite-lived intangible assets are below their carrying amounts.The Company's intangible assets and estimated useful lives are classified as follows: December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014(in thousands)GrossCarryingAmount AccumulatedAmortization GrossCarryingAmount AccumulatedAmortizationFinite-lived intangible assets: Developed software and core technologies (3 – 11 years)$336,262 $(251,201) $321,076 $(227,298)Customer lists and contract backlog (5 – 15 years)159,885 (76,160) 221,159 (121,380)Trade names (2 – 10 years)127,903 (76,493) 114,432 (63,082)Non-compete agreement— — 300 (52)Total$624,050 $(403,854) $656,967 $(411,812)Indefinite-lived intangible assets: Trade names$357 $14,157 The decrease in unamortized trade names in the table above was due to the determination that a trade name no longer had an indefinite life. Amortization expensefor the intangible assets reflected above was $58.1 million , $61.0 million and $60.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.69Table of ContentsAs of December 31, 2015 , estimated future amortization expense for the intangible assets reflected above is as follows:(in thousands) 2016$50,574201747,714201834,368201920,887202019,787Thereafter46,866Total intangible assets subject to amortization220,196Indefinite-lived trade name357Other intangible assets, net$220,553The changes in goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:(in thousands)2015 2014Beginning balance - January 1$1,312,182 $1,255,704Acquisitions28,561 60,484Adjustments (1)(4,573) 619Currency translation(3,822) (4,625)Ending balance - December 31$1,332,348 $1,312,182(1) In accordance with the accounting for business combinations, the Company recorded adjustments to goodwill for the effect of changes in the provisional fairvalues of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) as the Company obtained newinformation about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized asof that date.7.Long-Term DebtThe Company paid the outstanding balance on its term loan at maturity on July 31, 2013. For the year ended December 31, 2013 , the Company recorded interestexpense related to the term loan at an average interest rate of 1.04% . The interest expense on the term loan and amortization related to debt financing costs were asfollows: Year Ended December 31, 2013(in thousands)InterestExpense AmortizationJuly 31, 2008 term loan$230 $1498.Fair Value MeasurementThe valuation hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities reported at fair value prioritizes the inputs for such valuations into three broad levels:•Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;•Level 2: quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectlythrough market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; or•Level 3: unobservable inputs based on the Company's own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.A financial asset's or liability's classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.70Table of ContentsThe following tables provide the assets and liabilities carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis: Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:(in thousands)December 31, 2015 Quoted Prices inActive Markets(Level 1) Significant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2) SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Assets Cash equivalents$356,924 $356,924 $— $—Short-term investments$446 $— $446 $—Liabilities Contingent consideration$(1,376) $— $— $(1,376) Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:(in thousands)December 31, 2014 Quoted Prices inActive Markets(Level 1) Significant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2) SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Assets Cash equivalents$281,333 $281,333 $— $—Short-term investments$714 $— $714 $—Liabilities Contingent consideration$(2,621) $— $— $(2,621)The cash equivalents in the preceding tables represent money market mutual funds.The short-term investments in the preceding tables represent deposits held by certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company. The deposits have fixed interest rateswith original maturities ranging from three months to one year.The contingent consideration in the preceding tables represents potential future payments related to the EVEN acquisition in accordance with the 2013 mergeragreement. The net present value calculations for the contingent consideration include significant unobservable inputs in the assumption that all remainingpayments will be made, and, therefore, the liabilities were classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.The following table presents the changes during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 in the Company's Level 3 liabilities for contingent consideration anddeferred compensation that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Fair Value Measurement UsingSignificant Unobservable Inputs(in thousands)ContingentConsideration DeferredCompensationBalance as of January 1, 2014$7,389 $704Contingent payments(4,866) (712)Interest expense and foreign exchange activity included in earnings98 8Balance as of December 31, 2014$2,621 $—Contingent payments(1,456) —Interest expense and foreign exchange activity included in earnings211 —Balance as of December 31, 2015$1,376 $—The carrying values of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, other accrued liabilities and short-term obligations approximate their fairvalues because of their short-term nature.71Table of Contents9.Income TaxesIncome before income taxes includes the following components: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013Domestic $325,097 $291,042 $272,569Foreign 31,668 57,097 49,920Total $356,765 $348,139 $322,489The provision for income taxes is composed of the following: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013Current: Federal $93,853 $80,620 $69,268State 7,733 7,192 7,197Foreign 17,854 24,495 24,722Deferred: Federal (14,472) (18,536) (23,438)State (1,987) (1,915) (2,187)Foreign 1,263 1,593 1,600Total $104,244 $93,449 $77,162The reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the consolidated effective tax rate is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Federal statutory tax rate 35.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 %State income taxes, net of federal benefit 1.1 1.2 1.1Stock-based compensation — 0.6 0.9Net benefit of unrepatriated earnings — (0.3) (0.9)Uncertain tax positions (0.4) (0.9) (3.7)Research and development credits (1.1) (1.1) (2.0)Benefit from restructuring activities (2.7) (4.1) (2.8)Domestic production activity benefit (3.1) (3.5) (3.3)Other 0.4 (0.1) (0.4) 29.2 % 26.8 % 23.9 %In general, it is the practice and intention of the Company to repatriate previously taxed earnings and to reinvest all other earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. TheCompany has not made a provision for U.S. taxes on $202.9 million , representing the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax bases ofinvestments in foreign subsidiaries that are essentially permanent in duration. Generally, such amounts become subject to U.S. taxation upon the remittance ofdividends and under certain other circumstances. The residual U.S. tax cost associated with this difference is estimated to be $20.9 million .72Table of ContentsThe components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: December 31,(in thousands) 2015 2014Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $40,939 $42,060Stock-based compensation 23,258 23,331Employee benefits 17,044 20,034Uncertain tax positions 10,233 8,545Deferred revenue 8,603 6,533Research and development credits 3,562 4,349Allowance for doubtful accounts 1,888 1,806Other 3,240 2,877Valuation allowance (603) (130) 108,164 109,405Deferred tax liabilities: Other intangible assets (73,933) (92,703)Property and equipment (3,426) (4,652) (77,359) (97,355)Net deferred tax assets $30,805 $12,050The Company excluded from the above table a $9.3 million deferred tax asset associated with foreign net operating loss carryforwards and a corresponding $9.3million valuation allowance generated during the current year in a jurisdiction where the Company determined utilization is remote. The net increase in the grossvaluation allowance was $0.7 million . This increase was primarily due to acquired state losses that are not expected to be utilized.As of December 31, 2015 , the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $40.8 million . These losses expire between 2020 - 2034 , and are subjectto limitations on their utilization. Deferred tax assets of $1.6 million have been recorded for state operating loss carryforwards. These losses expire between 2016 -2035 , and are subject to limitations on their utilization. The Company had total foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $84.0 million , of which $29.4 millionare not currently subject to expiration dates. The remainder, $54.6 million , expires between 2019 - 2025 . The Company had tax credit carryforwards of $4.7million , of which $3.0 million are subject to limitations on their utilization. Approximately $0.7 million of these tax credit carryforwards are not currently subjectto expiration dates. The remainder, $4.0 million , expires in various years between 2016 - 2035 .In December 2013, the Company received notice from the Internal Revenue Service that the Joint Committee on Taxation took no exception to the Company's taxreturns that were filed for 2009 and 2010. An $11.0 million tax benefit was recognized in the Company's 2013 financial results as the Company had effectivelysettled uncertainty regarding refund claims filed in connection with those returns.The following is a reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands) 2015 2014 2013Unrecognized tax benefit as of January 1 $16,342 $19,590 $37,203Gross increases—tax positions in prior period 64 488 320Gross decreases—tax positions in prior period (850) (3,715) (18,058)Gross increases—tax positions in current period 4,064 2,513 2,036Reductions due to a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations (2,808) (1,924) (1,734)Changes due to currency fluctuation (653) (610) 20Settlements (92) — (197)Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31 $16,067 $16,342 $19,590The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that approximately $0.4 million of uncertain tax positions may be resolved within the next twelve months as aresult of settlement with a taxing authority or a lapse of the statute of limitations. Of the total unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31, 2015 , $10.5 million would affect the effective tax rate, if recognized.73Table of ContentsThe Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2015 , the Company accrued a liability forpenalties of $1.9 million and interest of $2.7 million . As of December 31, 2014 , the Company accrued a liability for penalties of $1.6 million and interest of $2.7million .The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. In the U.S., the Company's only major tax jurisdiction, the 2013 , 2014and 2015 tax years are open to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.10.Pension and Profit-Sharing PlansThe Company has a 401(k)/profit-sharing plan for all qualifying salaried domestic employees that permits participants to make contributions by salary reductionpursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company makes matching contributions on behalf of each eligible participant in an amount equal to100% of the first 3% and an additional 25% of the next 5% , for a maximum total of 4.25% of the employee's compensation. The Company may make adiscretionary contribution based on the participant's eligible compensation, provided the employee is employed at the end of the year and has worked at least 1,000hours . The Company also maintains various defined contribution and defined benefit pension arrangements for its international employees. The Company fundsthe foreign defined benefit and contribution plans based on the minimum required deposits according to the local statutory requirements. The unfunded portion ofthe defined benefit obligation for each plan is accrued in other long-term liabilities.Expenses related to the Company's retirement programs were $8.4 million in 2015 , $8.9 million in 2014 and $8.0 million in 2013 .11.Non-Compete and Employment AgreementsEmployees of the Company have signed agreements under which they have agreed not to disclose trade secrets or confidential information that, where legallypermitted, restrict engagement in or connection with any business that is competitive with the Company anywhere in the world while employed by the Company(and, in some cases, for specified periods thereafter), and that any products or technology created by them during their term of employment are the property of theCompany. In addition, the Company requires all channel partners to enter into agreements not to disclose the Company's trade secrets and other proprietaryinformation.The Company has an employment agreement with the Chief Executive Officer. This agreement provides for, among other things, minimum severance paymentsequal to his base salary, target bonus and then-existing benefits through the earlier of the second anniversary of the termination date if the Chief Executive Officeris terminated without cause or when he accepts other employment. The Chief Executive Officer is subject to a two-year restriction on competition followingtermination of employment under the circumstances described in the contract.The Company also has employment agreements with several other employees, primarily in foreign jurisdictions. The terms of these employment agreementsgenerally include annual compensation, severance payment provisions and non-compete clauses.12.Stock-Based CompensationThe Company has a stock option and grant plan—the Fourth Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan ("Stock Plan"). The Stock Plan, asamended, authorizes the grant of up to 30,400,000 shares of the Company's common stock in the form of: (i) incentive stock options ("ISOs"), (ii) nonqualifiedstock options, (iii) common stock with or without vesting or other restrictions, (iv) common stock upon the attainment of specified performance goals, (v)restricted stock awards, (vi) the right to receive cash dividends with the holders of the common stock as if the recipient held a specified number of shares of thecommon stock, (vii) deferred stock awards, (viii) stock appreciation rights and (ix) cash-based awards.74Table of ContentsThe Stock Plan provides that: (i) the exercise price of an ISO must be no less than the fair value of the stock at the date of grant and (ii) the exercise price of an ISOheld by an optionee who possesses more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock must be no less than 110% of the fair market value ofthe stock at the time of grant. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has the authority to set expiration dates no later than ten years from the dateof grant (or five years for an optionee who meets the 10% criterion), payment terms, and other provisions for each grant. The majority of options granted have afour -year vesting period. Shares associated with unexercised options or reacquired shares of common stock (except those shares withheld as a result of taxwithholding or net issuance) become available for option grants and common stock issuances under the Stock Plan. The Compensation Committee of the Board ofDirectors may, at its sole discretion, accelerate or extend the date or dates on which all or any particular award or awards granted under the Stock Plan may vest orbe exercised.In the event of a "sale event" as defined in the Stock Plan, all outstanding awards will be assumed or continued by the successor entity, with appropriate adjustmentin the awards to reflect the transaction. In such event, except as the Compensation Committee may otherwise specify with respect to particular awards in the awardagreements, if the service relationship of the holder of an award is terminated without cause within 18 months after the sale event, then all awards held by suchholder will become fully vested and exercisable at that time. If there is a sale event in which the successor entity refuses to assume or continue outstanding awards,then subject to the consummation of the sale event, all awards with time-based vesting conditions will become fully vested and exercisable at the effective time ofthe sale event and all awards with performance-based vesting conditions may become vested and exercisable in accordance with the award agreements at thediscretion of the Compensation Committee. If awards are not assumed or continued after a sale event, then all such awards will terminate at the time of the saleevent. In the event of the termination of stock options or stock appreciation rights in connection with a sale event, the Compensation Committee may either makeor provide for a cash payment to the holders of such awards equal to the difference between the per share transaction consideration and the exercise price of suchawards or permit each holder to have at least a 15 -day period to exercise such awards prior to their termination.The Company currently issues shares related to exercised stock options or vested awards from its existing pool of treasury shares and has no specific policy torepurchase treasury shares as stock options are exercised or as awards vest. If the treasury pool is depleted, the Company will issue new shares.Total stock-based compensation expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 is as follows: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share amounts) 2015 2014 2013Cost of sales: Software licenses $745 $1,776 $1,349Maintenance and service 1,868 2,035 2,293Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 17,153 17,073 16,847Research and development 14,185 15,977 14,809Stock-based compensation expense before taxes 33,951 36,861 35,298Related income tax benefits (11,656) (10,927) (11,096)Stock-based compensation expense, net of taxes $22,295 $25,934 $24,202Net impact on earnings per share: Basic earnings per share $(0.25) $(0.28) $(0.26)Diluted earnings per share $(0.24) $(0.28) $(0.25)75Table of ContentsInformation regarding stock option transactions is summarized below: Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013(options in thousands) Options Weighted-AverageExercisePrice Options Weighted-AverageExercisePrice Options Weighted-AverageExercisePriceOutstanding, beginning of year 4,932 $48.76 6,166 $44.77 7,122 $42.85Granted 57 $88.10 150 $81.09 103 $81.87Issued pursuant to acquisitions 8 $12.26 21 $23.26 — $—Exercised (975) $40.52 (1,266) $31.36 (993) $34.26Forfeited (36) $70.15 (139) $61.11 (66) $53.75Outstanding, end of year 3,986 $51.07 4,932 $48.76 6,166 $44.77Vested and Exercisable, end of year 3,539 $48.29 3,958 $44.22 4,351 $38.18 2015 2014 2013Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Outstanding 4.85 5.53 5.99Vested and Exercisable 4.53 5.00 5.13Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding $165,131 $163,932 $261,601Vested and Exercisable $156,487 $149,536 $213,304Historical and future expected forfeitures have not been significant and, as a result, the outstanding option amounts reflected in the tables above approximate theoptions expected to vest.The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant, or date of acquisition for options issued in a business combination, using the Black-Scholesoption pricing model, which was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. TheCompany's options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in input assumptions can materially affect the fair valueestimates. The interest rates used were determined by using the five-year Treasury Note yield at the date of grant or date of acquisition for options issued in abusiness combination. The volatility was determined based on the historic volatility of the Company's stock during the preceding six years for 2015 , 2014 and2013 .The table below presents the weighted average input assumptions used and resulting fair values for options granted or issued in business combinations during eachrespective year: Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013Risk-free interest rate 1.18% to 1.65% 1.49% to 1.76% 0.68% to 1.48%Expected dividend yield —% —% —%Expected volatility 25% 35% 37%Expected term 5.6 years 5.7 years 5.8 yearsWeighted-average fair value per share $30.83 $32.26 $29.85As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of income is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it must be reduced forestimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from thoseestimates. The effect of pre-vesting forfeitures on the Company's recorded expense has historically been negligible due to the relatively low turnover of stockoption holders.76Table of ContentsThe Company's determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model is affected by the Company's stockprice as well as assumptions regarding a number of variables. The total estimated grant-date fair values of stock options that vested during the years endedDecember 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 were $12.3 million , $19.5 million and $24.7 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2015 , total unrecognized estimatedcompensation cost related to unvested stock options granted prior to that date was $10.1 million , which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-averageperiod of 1.4 years . The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 were $47.1 million , $60.6million and $45.2 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2015 , 0.4 million unvested options with an aggregate intrinsic value of $9.2 million are expected tovest and have a weighted-average exercise price of $73.13 and a weighted-average remaining contractual term of 7.4 years . The Company recorded cash receivedfrom the exercise of stock options of $39.5 million and tax benefits related to all stock activity of $17.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 .Information regarding stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2015 is summarized below:(options in thousands) Options Outstanding Options ExercisableRange of Exercise Prices Options Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price$5.91 - $38.75 1,030 2.49 $29.68 1,019 $29.81$38.86 - $48.97 1,077 4.27 $45.39 1,077 $45.39$51.52 - $65.72 802 5.64 $58.68 794 $58.64$67.34 - $94.15 1,077 7.08 $71.55 649 $69.43Under the terms of the ANSYS, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan, the Company issues various restricted stock awards, which may have a market condition, anoperating performance condition or a service condition, or any combination of the three. The Company granted 34,450 , 47,000 and 94,300 performance-basedrestricted stock units with a market condition in 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively. The percentage of the award that vests is based on the Company'sperformance as measured by total shareholder return relative to the median percentage appreciation of a specified stock index over the measurement period, subjectto each participant's continued employment with the Company through the conclusion of the measurement period. The measurement periods for the restricted stockunits granted pursuant to the Long-Term Incentive Plan are one -, two - and three -year periods beginning January 1 of the year of the grant. Each restricted stockunit relates to one share of the Company's common stock. The weighted-average fair value of each restricted stock unit granted in 2015 , 2014 and 2013 wasestimated on the grant date to be $81.61 , $65.94 and $50.05 , respectively. The fair value of the restricted stock units was estimated using a Monte Carlosimulation model. The determination of the fair value of the awards was affected by the grant date and a number of variables, each of which has been identified inthe chart below. Share-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the award is being recorded from the grant date through the conclusion of the three -year measurement period. Total compensation expense associated with the market condition awards recorded for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and2013 was $3.1 million , $2.5 million and $3.6 million , respectively. Year Ended December 31,Assumptions used in Monte Carlo lattice pricing model2015 2014 2013Risk-free interest rate1.1% 0.7% 0.4%Expected dividend yield—% —% —%Expected volatility—ANSYS stock price23% 25% 25%Expected volatility—NASDAQ Composite Index14% 15% 20%Expected term2.8 years 2.8 years 2.8 yearsCorrelation factor0.60 0.70 0.70During 2015 , the Company issued 51,795 restricted stock awards with vesting conditions based on defined operating metrics and a weighted-average grant-datefair value of $86.38 . During 2014 , the Company issued 20,667 restricted stock awards with vesting conditions based on defined operating metrics and a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $81.52 . The grant-date fair value of the awards is being recorded from the grant date through the conclusion of the measurementperiod associated with each operating metric based on management's estimates concerning the probability of vesting. Total compensation expense associated withthese awards recorded for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $0.4 million and $0.1 million , respectively.77Table of ContentsIn addition, in 2015 and 2014 , the Company granted restricted stock units of 344,500 and 364,150 , respectively, that will vest over a four -year period with aweighted-average grant-date fair value of $86.34 and $82.13 , respectively. During 2015 , 85,713 shares vested and were released. As of December 31, 2015 and2014 , 571,462 and 344,750 units were outstanding, respectively. Total compensation expense is being recorded over the four -year service period and was $12.5million and $5.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively.In conjunction with a 2015 acquisition, ANSYS issued 68,451 shares of replacement restricted stock with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $90.48 . Ofthe $6.2 million grant-date fair value, $3.5 million , related to partially vested awards, was recorded as non-cash purchase price consideration. The remaining fairvalue will be recognized as stock compensation expense through the conclusion of the service period. During the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Companyrecorded $0.6 million of stock compensation expense related to these awards.In conjunction with a 2011 acquisition, the Company granted performance-based restricted stock awards. Vesting was determined based on the achievements ofcertain revenue and operating income targets of the entity post-acquisition. Total compensation expense associated with the awards recorded for the years endedDecember 31, 2014 and 2013 was $4.7 million and $3.8 million , respectively.The Company has granted deferred stock units to non-affiliate Independent Directors, which are rights to receive shares of common stock upon termination ofservice as a Director. The deferred stock units were issued quarterly in arrears and vested immediately upon grant. As of December 31, 2015 , 189,099 deferredstock units have been earned with the underlying shares remaining unissued until the service termination of the respective Director owners. Of this amount, 43,134units were earned during the year ended December 31, 2015 . Total compensation expense associated with the awards recorded for the years ended December 31,2015 , 2014 and 2013 , was $4.0 million, $3.5 million and $2.5 million, respectively.13.Stock Repurchase ProgramUnder the Company's stock repurchase program, the Company repurchased shares as follows: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands, except per share data)2015 2014 2013Number of shares repurchased3,833 2,977 1,494Average price paid per share$88.16 $78.54 $77.73Total cost$337,910 $233,793 $116,132In February 2016, the Company's Board of Directors increased the number of shares authorized for repurchase to a total of 5.0 million shares under the stockrepurchase program. As of December 31, 2015 , 2.1 million shares remained available for repurchase under the program.14.Employee Stock Purchase PlanThe Company's 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) was adopted by the Board of Directors on April 19, 1996 and was subsequentlyapproved by the Company's stockholders. The stockholders approved an amendment to the Purchase Plan on May 6, 2004 to increase the number of sharesavailable for offerings to 1.6 million shares. The Purchase Plan was amended and restated in 2007. The Purchase Plan is administered by the CompensationCommittee. Offerings under the Purchase Plan commence on each February 1 and August 1, and have a duration of six months. An employee who owns or isdeemed to own shares of stock representing in excess of 5% of the combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company may not participate in thePurchase Plan.During each offering, an eligible employee may purchase shares under the Purchase Plan by authorizing payroll deductions of up to 10% of his or her cashcompensation during the offering period. The maximum number of shares that may be purchased by any participating employee during any offering period islimited to 3,840 shares (as adjusted by the Compensation Committee from time to time). Unless the employee has previously withdrawn from the offering, his orher accumulated payroll deductions will be used to purchase common stock on the last business day of the period at a price equal to 90% of the fair market value ofthe common stock on the first or last day of the offering period, whichever is lower. Under applicable tax rules, an employee may not accrue the right to purchasemore than $25,000 of common stock, based on the grant-date fair value, in any calendar year. As of December 31, 2015 , 1.4 million shares of common stock hadbeen issued under the Purchase78Table of ContentsPlan. The total compensation expense recorded under the Purchase Plan during the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 was $1.0 million , $0.9 millionand $0.8 million , respectively.15.LeasesOffice SpaceThe Company's executive offices and those related to certain domestic product development, marketing, production and administration are located in a 186,000square foot office facility in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The lease was effective as of September 14, 2012, but because the leased premises were underconstruction, the Company was not obligated to pay rent until three months following the date that the leased premises were delivered to ANSYS, which occurredon October 1, 2014. The term of the lease is 183 months , beginning on October 1, 2014. Absent the exercise of options in the lease for additional rentable space orearly lease termination, the Company's base rent (inclusive of property taxes and certain operating expenses) will be $4.3 million per annum for the first five yearsof the lease term, $4.5 million per annum for years six through ten and $4.7 million per annum for years eleven through fifteen. The Company incurred $4.4million and $0.8 million in lease expense related to this facility during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively.The Company's corporate headquarters was previously located in a separate office facility, also in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The Company occupied this spaceuntil November 2014, and the lease term expired on December 31, 2014. Lease expense related to this facility was $1.4 million in each of the years endedDecember 31, 2014 and 2013 .The Company has entered into various other noncancellable operating leases for office space.Office space lease expense totaled $16.5 million , $15.8 million and $14.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively. Futureminimum lease payments, including termination fees, under noncancellable operating leases for office space in effect at December 31, 2015 are as follows:(in thousands)Total 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 ThereafterFuture minimum lease payments$71,887 $13,800 $10,449 $7,834 $7,043 $6,195 $26,566Sale-Leaseback ArrangementThe lease agreement terms for the new Canonsburg headquarters facility provide that the Company was responsible for paying the cost of certain tenantimprovements that exceeded an allowance to be paid by the landlord. There was no cap to the Company's obligation in excess of the landlord allowance. As aresult, the Company was considered the owner of the building during the construction period and the lease was subject to sale-leaseback treatment.The building was completed and delivered to the Company on October 1, 2014. The Company determined that the lease does not meet the criteria for capital leasetreatment under the accounting guidance, and the Company does not have continuing involvement in the lease. As a result, the construction-in-progress asset andliability were removed from the consolidated balance sheets. The sale-leaseback treatment of the lease during the construction period did not have any impact onthe Company's results of operations or cash flows.16.Royalty AgreementsThe Company has entered into various renewable, nonexclusive license agreements under which the Company has been granted access to the licensor's technologyand the right to sell the technology in the Company's product line. Royalties are payable to developers of the software at various rates and amounts, whichgenerally are based upon unit sales or revenue. Royalty fees are reported in cost of goods sold and were $11.8 million , $11.5 million and $10.3 million for theyears ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively.79Table of Contents17.Geographic InformationRevenue to external customers is attributed to individual countries based upon the location of the customer. Revenue by geographic area is as follows: Year Ended December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014 2013United States$354,433 $320,327 $292,323Japan104,299 108,757 108,064Germany94,546 99,714 93,525South Korea55,142 55,606 43,585France49,444 58,785 56,310Canada13,314 14,034 14,163Other European145,985 159,011 145,304Other international125,590 119,787 107,986Total revenue$942,753 $936,021 $861,260Property and equipment by geographic area is as follows: December 31,(in thousands)2015 2014United States$47,971 $49,957Europe6,808 7,840India3,286 3,123Other international3,859 3,723Total property and equipment$61,924 $64,64318.Unconditional Purchase ObligationsThe Company has entered into various unconditional purchase obligations which primarily include software licenses and long-term purchase contracts for network,communication and office maintenance services. The Company expended $5.3 million , $2.9 million and $3.3 million related to unconditional purchase obligationsthat existed as of the beginning of each year for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , respectively. Future expenditures under unconditionalpurchase obligations in effect as of December 31, 2015 are $7.2 million in 2016, $1.3 million in 2017 and $0.7 million in 2018.19.Contingencies and CommitmentsThe Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including commercial disputes, laborand employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of intellectual property rights and other matters. In the opinion of the Company, the resolution of pendingmatters is not expected to have a material, adverse effect on the Company's consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. However, each ofthese matters is subject to various uncertainties and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings could materially affect theCompany's results of operations, cash flows or financial position.An Indian subsidiary of the Company received a formal inquiry after a service tax audit was held in 2011. The Company could incur tax charges and relatedliabilities, including those related to the service tax audit case, of approximately $6 million . The service tax issues raised in the Company's notice are very similarto the case, M/s Microsoft Corporation (I) (P) Ltd. Vs Commissioner of Service Tax , New Delhi , wherein the Delhi Customs, Excise and Service Tax AppellateTribunal (CESTAT) has passed a ruling favorable to Microsoft. The Company can provide no assurances on whether the Microsoft case's favorable ruling will bechallenged in higher courts or on the impact that the present Microsoft case's decision will have on the Company's audit case. The Company is uncertain as to whenthe service tax audit will be completed.80Table of ContentsThe Company sells software licenses and services to its customers under proprietary software license agreements. Each license agreement contains the relevantterms of the contractual arrangement with the customer, and generally includes certain provisions for indemnifying the customer against losses, expenses andliabilities from damages that are incurred by or awarded against the customer in the event the Company's software or services are found to infringe upon a patent,copyright or other proprietary right of a third party. To date, the Company has not had to reimburse any of its customers for any losses related to theseindemnification provisions and no material claims asserted under these indemnification provisions are outstanding as of December 31, 2015 . For several reasons,including the lack of prior material indemnification claims, the Company cannot determine the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related tosuch indemnification provisions.81Table of ContentsSIGNATURESPursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf bythe undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. ANSYS, Inc. Date:February 25, 2016 By: /s/ J AMES E. C ASHMAN III James E. Cashman III President and Chief Executive Officer Date:February 25, 2016 By: /s/ M ARIA T. S HIELDS Maria T. Shields Chief Financial Officer82Table of ContentsPOWER OF ATTORNEYKNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints James E. Cashman III, his or herattorney-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for such person in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file thesame, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all thatsaid attorney-in-fact, or substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of theRegistrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated below.SignatureTitleDate /s/ J AMES E. C ASHMAN III President and Chief Executive Officer(Principal Executive Officer)February 25, 2016James E. Cashman III /s/ M ARIA T. S HIELDS Chief Financial Officer(Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)February 25, 2016Maria T. Shields /s/ R ONALD W. H OVSEPIANNon-Executive Chairman of the Board of DirectorsFebruary 25, 2016Ronald W. Hovsepian /s/ G UY D UBOISDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Guy Dubois /s/ D R. A JEI G OPALDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Dr. Ajei Gopal /s/ W ILLIAM R. M C D ERMOTTDirectorFebruary 25, 2016William R. McDermott /s/ B RADFORD C. M ORLEYDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Bradford C. Morley /s/ B ARBARA V. S CHERERDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Barbara V. Scherer /s/ M ICHAEL C. T HURKDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Michael C. Thurk /s/ P ATRICK J. Z ILVITISDirectorFebruary 25, 2016Patrick J. Zilvitis 83Table of ContentsSCHEDULE IIANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESValuation and Qualifying Accounts(in thousands) Description Balance atBeginningof Year Additions:Charges to Costsand Expenses Deductions:Returns andWrite-Offs Balance atEndof YearYear ended December 31, 2015 Allowance for doubtful accounts $5,500 $1,304 $1,604 $5,200Year ended December 31, 2014 Allowance for doubtful accounts $5,700 $2,104 $2,304 $5,500Year ended December 31, 2013 Allowance for doubtful accounts $4,800 $1,465 $565 $5,70084Table of ContentsExhibit No. Exhibit3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter endedJune 30, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference). 3.2 Certificate of Amendment to the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware(filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 21, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference). 3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware(filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 17, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference). 3.4 Certificate of Amendment to the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware(filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 21, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference). 3.5 Second Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 19,2008 and incorporated herein by reference). 3.6 Amendment No. 1 to the Second Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report onForm 8-K, filed July 23, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference). 3.7 Amendment No. 2 to the Second Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report onForm 8-K, filed December 20, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference). 3.8 Amendment No. 3 to the Second Amended and Restated By-laws of ANSYS, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report onForm 8-K filed August 7, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference). 10.1 ANSYS, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for thefiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.2 The Company's Pension Plan and Trust, as amended (filed as Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-4278) and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.3 Form of Director Indemnification Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-4278)and incorporated herein by reference). 10.4 Employment Agreement between the Registrant and James E. Cashman III dated as of April 21, 2003 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company'sQuarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.5 Description of Executive Bonus Plan, Director Stock Option Program and Officer Stock Option Program, including Forms of OptionAgreements for Option Grants to Directors and Officers (filed as Exhibits 99.1 – 99.5 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filedFebruary 8, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.6 Options Granted to Independent Directors Related to the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 10, 2005 (filed as disclosure in theCompany's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 13, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.7 Amendment to Non-Affiliate Independent Director Compensation on February 9, 2006 (filed as disclosure in the Company's Current Report onForm 8-K, filed February 15, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.8 Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. Cash Bonus Plan, adopted on March 2, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report onForm 8-K, filed March 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.9 Form of Deferred Stock Unit Agreement under the Third Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan (filed asExhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 6, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.10 Deferred Stock Unit Agreement under the Third Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.4to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.11 Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. Cash Bonus Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterended September 30, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.12 First Amendment of the Employment Agreement Between the Company and James E. Cashman III as of November 6, 2008 (filed as Exhibit10.6 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).* 85Table of Contents10.13 ANSYS, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan, dated February 17, 2010 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filedFebruary 23, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.14 ANSYS, Inc. Executive Severance Plan, dated February 17, 2010 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filedFebruary 23, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.15 Form of Award Notice under the ANSYS, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.16 ANSYS, Inc. Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan, dated August 2, 2010 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Reporton Form 8-K, filed August 6, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.17 Second Amendment of the Employment Agreement Between ANSYS, Inc. and James E. Cashman III dated March 14, 2011 (filed as Exhibit10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 18, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.18 Form of Employee Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. Stock Option and Grant Plan (filedas Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 18, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.19 Form of Employee Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and GrantPlan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 2, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.20 Form of Employee Director Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Optionand Grant Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 2, 2013, and incorporated herein byreference).* 10.21 Form of Non-Employee Director Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 StockOption and Grant Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 2, 2013, and incorporated herein byreference).* 10.22 Form of Non-Qualified Option Transfer Acknowledgment under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and GrantPlan (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 2, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.23 Form of Indemnification Agreement between ANSYS, Inc. and Non-Employee Directors (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Reporton Form 8-K, filed March 20, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference). 10.24 First Amendment to Letter Agreement between ANSYS, Inc. and Maria T. Shields, dated March 14, 2011 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to theCompany's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 18, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.25 Consent of the Compensation Committee of the ANSYS, Inc. Board of Directors dated March 14, 2011 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company'sCurrent Report on Form 8-K, filed March 18, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.26 Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form8-K, filed May 17, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.27 Lease by and between ANSYS, Inc. and Quattro Investment Group, L.P., dated as of September 14, 2012 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to theCompany's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 18, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference). 10.28 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the Fourth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. 1996 Stock Option and Grant Plan (filed asExhibit 10.39 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 27, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.29 ANSYS, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan, dated March 5, 2014 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's CurrentReport on Form 8-K, filed March 11, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).* 10.30 Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit (Total Shareholder Return) Award under the ANSYS, Inc. Second Amended and RestatedLong-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 11, 2014, and incorporated hereinby reference).* 10.31 Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award under the ANSYS, Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option and GrantPlan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 11, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).* 86Table of Contents14.1 Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (filed as Exhibit 14.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2003, filed March 12, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference). 21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant; filed herewith. 23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm. 24.1 Powers of Attorney. Contained on the Signatures page of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 101.INS XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase*Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.87EXHIBIT 21.1Subsidiaries of the RegistrantJurisdiction of Incorporation Esterel Technologies, Inc.California SpaceClaim CorporationDelaware Gear Design Solutions, Inc.Delaware SAS IP, Inc.Wyoming Fluent China Holdings LimitedBarbados ANSYS Belgium, S.A.Belgium ANSYS Canada LimitedCanada 2011767 Ontario Inc.Canada ANSYS France SASFrance Apache Design Solutions Sarl.France Esterel Technologies, S.A.France ANSYS Germany GmbHGermany Apache Design Solutions GmbHGermany Esterel Technologies, GmbHGermany ANSYS Hong Kong Ltd.Hong Kong ANSYS Software Private LimitedIndia Apache Design Solutions Private Ltd.India Sequence Design India Private Ltd.India ANSYS Software Ltd.Israel ANSYS Italia, Srl.Italy ANSYS Japan K.K.Japan Apache Design Solutions K.K.Japan Reaction Design, K.K.Japan SpaceClaim, K.K.Japan Apache Design Solutions Yuhan HoesaKorea ANSYS Luxembourg Holding Company Sarl.Luxembourg Fluent Software (Shanghai) Co., LimitedPeople's Republic of China ANSYS-Fluent (Shanghai) Engineering Software Trading Co., Ltd.People's Republic of China Apache Science and Technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.People's Republic of China Apache Design Solutions, Inc.People's Republic of China ANSYS OOORussia Apache Design Solutions Pte. Ltd.Singapore ANSYS Iberia S.L.Spain ANSYS Sweden, ABSweden ANSYS Switzerland GmbHSwitzerland Apache Design Solutions Inc.Taiwan ANSYS UK LimitedUnited Kingdom Century Dynamics, LimitedUnited Kingdom Apache Design Solutions, Ltd.United KingdomEXHIBIT 23.1CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMWe consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-08613, 333-69506, 333-110728, 333-137274, 333-152765, 333-174670, 333-177030, 333-196393, and 333-206111 on Form S-8 of our reports dated February 25, 2016 , relating to the consolidated financial statements and financialstatement schedule of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries, and the effectiveness of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting, appearing inthis Annual Report on Form 10-K of ANSYS, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2015 ./s/ Deloitte & Touche LLPPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaFebruary 25, 2016EXHIBIT 31.1CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATIONI, James E. Cashman III, certify that:1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of ANSYS, Inc. (“ANSYS”);2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statementsmade, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financialcondition, results of operations and cash flows of ANSYS as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;4.ANSYS’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange ActRules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for ANSYS andhave:a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensurethat material information relating to ANSYS, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularlyduring the period in which this report is being prepared;b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision,to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes inaccordance with generally accepted accounting principles;c.Evaluated the effectiveness of ANSYS’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness ofthe disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; andd.Disclosed in this report any change in ANSYS’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during ANSYS’s most recent fiscal quarter(ANSYS’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, ANSYS’sinternal control over financial reporting; and5.ANSYS’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to ANSYS’sauditors and the audit committee of ANSYS’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likelyto adversely affect ANSYS’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; andb.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in ANSYS’s internal control overfinancial reporting.Date:February 25, 2016/s/ James E. Cashman III James E. Cashman III President and Chief Executive OfficerEXHIBIT 31.2CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATIONI, Maria T. Shields, certify that:1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of ANSYS, Inc. (“ANSYS”);2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statementsmade, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financialcondition, results of operations and cash flows of ANSYS as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;4.ANSYS’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange ActRules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for ANSYS andhave:a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensurethat material information relating to ANSYS, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularlyduring the period in which this report is being prepared;b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision,to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes inaccordance with generally accepted accounting principles;c.Evaluated the effectiveness of ANSYS’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness ofthe disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; andd.Disclosed in this report any change in ANSYS’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during ANSYS’s most recent fiscal quarter(ANSYS’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, ANSYS’sinternal control over financial reporting; and5.ANSYS’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to ANSYS’sauditors and the audit committee of ANSYS’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likelyto adversely affect ANSYS’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; andb.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in ANSYS’s internal control overfinancial reporting.Date:February 25, 2016/s/ Maria T. Shields Maria T. Shields Chief Financial OfficerEXHIBIT 32.1CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TOSECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002In connection with the Annual Report of ANSYS, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the Securities andExchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, James E. Cashman III, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:(1)The Report fully complies with requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.This certification is provided solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not bedeemed to be part of the Report or filed for any purpose whatsoever./s/ James E. Cashman IIIJames E. Cashman IIIPresident and Chief Executive OfficerFebruary 25, 2016EXHIBIT 32.2CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TOSECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002In connection with the Annual Report of ANSYS, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 as filed with the Securities andExchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Maria T. Shields, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:(1)The Report fully complies with requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.This certification is provided solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not bedeemed to be part of the Report or filed for any purpose whatsoever./s/ Maria T. ShieldsMaria T. ShieldsChief Financial OfficerFebruary 25, 2016

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