Applied Materials Annual Report 2015

Plain-text annual report

20 1 5 annual report FOLLOW US ONLINE AT: WEBSITE: APPLIEDMATERIALS.COM BLOG: BLOG.APPLIEDMATERIALS.COM APPLIED VENTURES, LLC: APPLIEDVENTURES.COM Dear Fellow Stockholders, At Applied Materials, our innovations make possible the technology shaping the future. From wearables to the Internet of Things, autonomous cars to drones, the world is becoming smarter and more connected at an unprecedented pace. These incredible global technology trends place ever greater demand on new capabilities for semiconductors and displays. As our customers — manufacturers of advanced chips and displays — race to introduce new devices, they seek out partners who they can rely on to deliver innovative and cost-effective solutions to their most challenging technical problems. Applied Materials is committed to being the most valuable partner to our customers, and that commitment is paying off. In ﬁscal 2015, Applied delivered another year of growth in orders, revenues, and proﬁtability. Across the Company, we are driving proﬁtable growth by targeting major technology inﬂections, and introducing new differentiated, enabling products and services for our customers. As a result, we are winning market share in semiconductor and display equipment, growing our service business, and expanding our market opportunities. The investments we have been making in R&D and ﬁeld technical capabilities are yielding results. We have generated a strong pipeline of new products aimed at key market inﬂections, while at the same time we are increasing our proﬁtability and providing attractive cash returns to our shareholders. Among our ﬁscal 2015 achievements, Applied Materials: • Delivered our highest operating proﬁt in four years • Grew orders by 5% to $10.1 billion • Posted our highest annual semiconductor equipment revenue in eight years • Increased revenues in our Applied Global Services business by 15%, representing an all-time record • Grew revenues in our Display business by 27%, the third consecutive year of growth • Deployed $1.8 billion of cash to pay dividends and repurchase 76 million shares, reducing our ending share count by 5% during ﬁscal 2015 LEADING THE WORLD IN MATERIALS ENGINEERING We have focused the Company on a mission to lead the world with materials engineering solutions that enable customers to transform possibilities into reality. Materials engineering is what Applied Materials does better than anyone else, and our foundational capabilities are the broadest and deepest in the industry. In semiconductor equipment, major changes in device technology continue to expand our opportunities, and provide a catalyst for market share gains. We have very strong momentum in our largest growth businesses, etch and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and still have signiﬁcant room to grow. In ﬁscal 2015, our etch and selective materials removal revenues exceeded $1.1 billion, an eight-year record, and we generated our highest CVD revenue in four years. Combined, our etch and CVD revenues were up 23% year-on-year, and we are seeing very strong customer pull for our new products. This year we released breakthrough new product platforms to address rapidly growing opportunities in etch, atomic layer deposition, and selective materials removal. In our transistor and interconnect businesses, where we maintain strong leadership positions, we secured new application wins at 10 nanometer that will enable us to increase our share of the available market as customers build out this node. In addition, we are beneﬁting from new epitaxy, thermal, chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) and implant steps in memory that expand our market. Process, diagnostics and control is another area where we see strong pull from customers, and believe we are on track for share gains in brightﬁeld inspection this year. We have also been developing a new e-beam inspection platform, posting our ﬁrst revenue from both foundry and memory customers. SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRY INVESTMENT While major technology trends are fueling ongoing investments by our semiconductor customers, we have seen a signiﬁcant shift within the customer spending mix. 2015 was a year of very strong memory investment, with a p p l i e d m at e r i a l s 2 0 1 5 a n n u a l r e p o r t the highest level of spending by these customers in seven years. Applied introduced new products to strengthen our position in the memory market. In the past two years, we increased our share of total wafer fab equipment spending in DRAM by about 5 points. We also expect to increase our share of total NAND spending by approximately 5 points in the transition from planar to second-generation 3D NAND. Looking forward to 2016, we expect DRAM investments to decline from the high levels seen in 2015, while we believe next year’s NAND investments will be up, as all the major memory customers ramp 3D NAND into volume production. In foundry and logic, we anticipate investment levels will remain strong, particularly as customers invest in 10 nanometer technology. Overall, we expect a market environment favorable to Applied’s plans to gain share and deliver proﬁtable growth. OPPORTUNITIES IN SERVICE AND DISPLAY In Applied Global Services (AGS), 2015 revenues represented an all-time record for the Company. Our AGS team has done a remarkable job to place this business on a trajectory of proﬁtable growth. Over the past two years, we have aligned our service strategy to enable our customers’ success, while making signiﬁcant enhancements to the organization, processes, and operations that together are enabling us to deliver and capture more value with our service products. In Display, 2015 was a third consecutive year of growth. As the display industry introduces new technologies for both TV and mobile applications, customers’ manufacturing processes are becoming more complex, and our market opportunity is expanding. As we look ahead to 2016 and beyond, one of the key battlegrounds will be for OLED leadership. As this inﬂection plays out, Applied is in a great position to beneﬁt with new enabling products, including our thin-ﬁlm encapsulation system. DELIVERING ON OUR COMMITMENTS To summarize, in ﬁscal 2015 Applied Materials delivered solid growth, and made signiﬁcant progress towards our long-term strategic and ﬁnancial goals. Our future depends on creating products and services that solve our customers’ high-value problems faster and better than anyone else, and this is where we are focusing our investments. At the same time, we have made the Company more agile and efficient by optimizing the organization, business processes and product portfolio. These changes allow us to fuel our growth programs while maintaining our operating expenses at approximately the same run rate we had in 2012. We thank our employees around the world for their tremendous contributions over the past 12 months and thank you for your support. Looking ahead, we feel very good about our strategy, our customer positions, and our product pipeline. As we apply our core capabilities to push the boundaries of materials engineering, we can deliver the enabling products our customers need to be successful and enlarge the scope of the value we can create – while delivering the superior ﬁnancial performance that fuels growth and generates compelling stockholder value. Sincerely, Willem P. Roelandts Chairman of the Board Gary E. Dickerson President and Chief Executive Officer December 31, 2015 a p p l i e d m at e r i a l s 2 0 1 5 a n n u a l r e p o r t This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, including those regarding anticipated growth and trends in our businesses and markets, industry outlooks, technology transitions, and other statements that are not historical fact, and actual results could differ materially. Risk factors that could cause actual results to differ are set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of, and elsewhere in, our 2015 Form 10-K included in this report. All forward-looking statements are based on management’s estimates, projections and assumptions as of the date hereof, and Applied Materials undertakes no obligation to update any such statements. S TO C K H O L D E R S ’ I N F O R M AT I O N INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG LLP Santa Clara, California NUMBER OF REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS 3,247 (as of December 3, 2015) STOCK LISTING Applied Materials, Inc. is traded on The NASDAQ Global Select Market® NASDAQ Symbol: AMAT TRANSFER AGENT Mail correspondence to: Computershare Stockholder Services P.O. Box 30170 College Station, TX 77842-3170 Send overnight correspondence to: Computershare 211 Quality Circle, Suite 210 College Station, TX 77845 Online inquiries: www-us.computershare.com/investor/Contact Tel: (312) 360–5186 or (877) 388–5186 Fax: (312) 601–4348 INVESTOR CONTACT Investor Relations Applied Materials, Inc. 3050 Bowers Avenue P.O. Box 58039, M/S 1261 Santa Clara, California 95052–8039 Tel: (408) 748–5227 Fax: (408) 563–4606 Email: investor_relations@amat.com CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS Applied Materials, Inc. 3050 Bowers Avenue Santa Clara, California 95054–3299 MAILING ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE Applied Materials, Inc. 3050 Bowers Avenue P.O. Box 58039 Santa Clara, California 95052–8039 Tel: (408) 727–5555 CORPORATE WEB SITE Additional information can be found at www.appliedmaterials.com a p p l i e d m at e r i a l s 2 0 1 5 a n n u a l r e p o r t [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 10-K (Mark one) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended October 25, 2015 or TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 000-06920 Applied Materials, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 3050 Bowers Avenue, P.O. Box 58039 Santa Clara, California (Address of principal executive offices) 94-1655526 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 95052-8039 (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (408) 727-5555 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Common Stock, par value $.01 per share Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No Aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of April 26, 2015, based upon the closing sale price reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market on that date: $26,764,127,442 Number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value, as of December 3, 2015: 1,149,133,389 Portions of Part III will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K of Applied Materials, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Applied or the Company), including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7, contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Examples of forward-looking statements include those regarding Applied’s future financial or operating results, cash flows and cash deployment strategies, declaration of dividends, share repurchases, business strategies and priorities, costs and cost controls, products, competitive positions, management's plans and objectives for future operations, research and development, strategic acquisitions and investments, growth opportunities, restructuring activities, backlog, working capital, liquidity, investment portfolio and policies, taxes, supply chain, manufacturing, properties, legal proceedings and claims, customer demand and spending, end-use demand, market and industry trends and outlooks, general economic conditions, and other statements that are not historical facts, as well as their underlying assumptions. Forward-looking statements may contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “potential” and “continue,” the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other important factors, including those discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” below and elsewhere in this report. These and many other factors could affect Applied’s future financial condition and operating results and could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations based on forward-looking statements made in this document or elsewhere by Applied or on its behalf. Forward- looking statements are based on management’s estimates, projections and expectations as of the date hereof, and Applied undertakes no obligation to revise or update any such statements. The following information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report. 2 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 25, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Item 1: Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1A: Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 2: Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 3: Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART II Item 5: Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 6: Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . . . . . . . . . . Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 9: Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure . . . . . . . . . . Item 9A: Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 9B: Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART III Item 10: Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 11: Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 12: Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters . Item 13: Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 14: Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4 14 24 25 26 26 26 28 29 55 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 59 59 Item 15: Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 113 PART IV 3 Item 1: Business PART I Incorporated in 1967, Applied is a Delaware corporation. A global company with a broad set of capabilities in materials engineering, Applied provides manufacturing equipment, services and software to the global semiconductor, display, solar photovoltaic (PV) and related industries. With its diverse technology capabilities, Applied delivers products and services that improve device performance, yield and cost. Applied’s customers include manufacturers of semiconductor chips, liquid crystal and other displays, solar PV cells, and other electronic devices. These customers may use what they manufacture in their own end products or sell the items to other companies for use in advanced electronic components. Applied’s fiscal year ends on the last Sunday in October. Applied operates in four reportable segments: Silicon Systems, Applied Global Services, Display, and Energy and Environmental Solutions. A summary of financial information for each reportable segment is found in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. A discussion of factors that could affect operations is set forth under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference. Net sales by reportable segment for the past three fiscal years were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions, except percentages) Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6,135 2,531 780 213 64% 26% 8% 2% $ 5,978 2,200 615 279 66% 24% 7% 3% $ 4,775 2,023 538 173 64% 27% 7% 2% 9,659 100% $ 9,072 100% $ 7,509 100% Silicon Systems Applied’s Silicon Systems segment develops, manufactures and sells a wide range of manufacturing equipment used to fabricate semiconductor chips, also referred to as integrated circuits (ICs). The Silicon Systems segment includes semiconductor capital equipment for deposition, etch, ion implantation, rapid thermal processing, chemical mechanical planarization, metrology and inspection, and wafer packaging. The majority of Applied's new equipment sales are to leading integrated device manufacturers and foundries worldwide. Transistor and Interconnect Applied’s transistor and interconnect products and technologies have enabled multiple generations of device scaling from planar transistors to today’s 3D multi-gate FinFET transistors. Applied offers products and technologies for transistor and interconnect fabrication, including epitaxy, ion implantation, oxidation and nitridation, rapid thermal processing, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, chemical mechanical planarization and electrochemical deposition. Many of these process steps are used multiple times throughout the semiconductor chip fabrication process. 4 Transistor and Interconnect Technologies Epitaxy Epitaxial silicon (epitaxy or epi) is a layer of pure silicon grown in a uniform crystalline structure on the wafer to form a high quality base for the device circuity. Epi technology is used in an increasing number of IC devices in both the wafer surface and transistor areas of a chip to enhance speed. Ion Implant Ion implantation is a key technology for forming transistors and is used many times during chip fabrication. During ion implantation, wafers are bombarded by a beam of electrically-charged ions, called dopants, which change the electrical properties of the exposed surface films. Oxidation/Nitridation Applied’s systems provide critical oxidation steps - like memory gate oxide, shallow trench isolation and liner oxide - for advanced device scaling. Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) Product(s) Centura RP Epi VIISta Systems Vantage, Radiance and Centura Systems Vantage Systems RTP is used primarily for annealing, which modifies the properties of deposited films. Applied’s single-wafer RTP systems are also used for growing high quality oxide and oxynitride films. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Endura Systems PVD is used to deposit high quality metal films with low resistivity for contact and interconnect devices. Applications include metal gate, silicides, contact liner/barrier, interconnect copper barrier seed and metal hard mask. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) CVD is used to deposit dielectric and metal films on a wafer. During the CVD process, gases that contain atoms of the material to be deposited react on the wafer surface, forming a thin film of solid material. Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) CMP is used to planarize a wafer surface, a process that allows subsequent photolithography patterning and material deposition steps to occur with greater accuracy, resulting in more highly uniform film layers with minimal thickness variations. Electrochemical Deposition (ECD) ECD is a process by which metal atoms from a chemical fluid (an electrolyte) are deposited on the surface of an immersed object. Endura and Centura Systems Reflexion Systems Raider Platform Patterning and Packaging Applied offers patterning and packaging products and systems that enable the transfer of patterns onto device structures, making it possible to etch masks used for photolithography, and perform deposition, etching, and related processes. These systems and technologies address challenges resulting from shrinking pattern dimensions and the complexity in vertical stacking found in today’s most advanced semiconductor devices. Patterning and Packaging Technologies Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) ALD technology enables customers to fabricate thin films of either conducting or insulating material with uniform coverage in nanometer-sized structures. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) CVD is used to deposit dielectric and metal films on a wafer. During the CVD process, gases that contain atoms of the material to be deposited react on the wafer surface, forming a thin film of solid material. Etch Etching is used many times throughout the IC manufacturing process to selectively remove material from the surface of a wafer. Applied offers systems for etching dielectric, metal, and silicon films to meet the requirements of advanced processing. Product(s) Olympia System Producer Systems Centris and Producer Systems 5 Imaging and Process Control Applied offers a suite of metrology, inspection and review systems for front- and back-end-of-line applications. These systems’ imaging capabilities and algorithms employ optical and e-beam technologies to meet the most advanced technical demands, such as self-aligned double and quad patterning, extreme ultraviolet layers, measurement-intensive optimal proximity correction mask qualification, and emerging 3D architectures. Applied delivers leading-edge capabilities that enable chipmakers to establish accurate statistical process control, ramp up production runs rapidly, and achieve consistently high production yields. Imaging and Process Control Technologies Metrology and Inspection Metrology and inspection tools are used to locate, measure, and analyze critical defects and features on the wafer during various stages of the fabrication processes. Applied enables customers to characterize and control critical dimension (CD) and defect issues, especially at advanced generation technology nodes. Product(s) SEMVision G6 Defect Analysis UVision 7 Inspection VeritySEM 5i Metrology Aera4 Mask Inspection Applied Global Services The Applied Global Services (AGS) segment provides integrated solutions to optimize equipment and fab performance and productivity, including spares, upgrades, services, remanufactured earlier generation equipment and factory automation software for semiconductor, display and solar products. Customer demand for products and services is fulfilled through a global distribution system with trained service engineers located in close proximity to customer sites in more than a dozen countries to support approximately 33,000 installed Applied semiconductor, display and solar manufacturing systems worldwide. Applied offers the following general types of services and products under the Applied Global Services segment. AGS Solutions and Technology Certified Services A comprehensive service product portfolio that combines service technology and tool specific performance commitments in order to optimize customer factory productivity. Fab Consulting Experts using advanced analytical tools to solve production problems that have the greatest impact on customer fab productivity. Parts Programs Spare parts portfolio targets key manufacturing challenges and balances inventory cost and risk to efficiently meet customer fab requirements. Subfab Equipment Applied SubFab solutions lower costs, save energy, reduce environmental impact, and meet Environmental Protection Agency reporting regulations for greenhouse gas emissions. Legacy Equipment Comprehensive 200mm equipment and upgrades portfolio to address a full spectrum of production needs and extend tool lifetime. Applied legacy equipment supports new technology for a broad variety of devices including analog, power, and MEMS. Automation Software Automation software coordinates and streamlines every aspect of a factory-the processes, equipment and people-to provide competitive advantage to customers. 6 Display The Display segment is comprised of products for manufacturing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and other display technologies for TVs, personal computers (PCs), tablets, smart phones, and other consumer- oriented devices. While similarities exist between the technologies utilized in semiconductor and display fabrication, the most significant differences are in the size and composition of the substrate. Substrates used to manufacture display panels are typically glass, although newer flexible materials are entering the market. Display industry growth depends primarily on consumer demand for increasingly larger and more advanced TVs and high resolution displays for mobile devices. The Display segment offers a variety of technologies and products, including: Display Technologies Array Test LCD display substrates are inspected at many stages of production to maximize yield, minimize scrap, optimize equipment utilization, and monitor manufacturing processes. At the completion of the array stage, the performance of the millions of individual pixels on each display is tested. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) During CVD processing, gases containing material atoms or molecules are introduced into the process chamber. The gases form reactive radicals or ions, which undergo chemical reactions to form thin films on the heated substrate. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) PVD is used to deposit high quality films of metals, alloys, transparent conductors and semiconductors. In Display, these films are used for contact, interconnect, transparent electrodes and transistor materials in display backplanes, as well as for transparent electrodes in color filters and touch panels. Product(s) Electron Beam Array Tester AKT PECVD Systems AKT Aristo and PiVot Systems Energy and Environmental Solutions The Energy and Environmental Solutions segment includes products for fabricating crystalline-silicon (c-Si) solar PV cells, as well as high throughput roll-to-roll deposition equipment for flexible electronics, packaging and other applications. The technologies and products offered in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment include: Energy and Environmental Technologies Solar: Cell Manufacturing Product(s) Baccini Systems C-Si cell manufacturing involves multiple steps, one of which is screen printing the solar cell contact structures. Applied’s printers are the industry-leading systems for this process step. Applied’s Fine Line Double Print process enables solar manufacturers to produce cells with less paste, better quality and higher cell efficiencies than conventional single print cells. Roll-to-Roll WEB Coating: The Roll-to-Roll coating systems provide production solutions for packaging, flexible electronics and security industries. WEB systems utilize physical vapor deposition, thermal evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, and e-beam technology to deposit tiny layers of metal onto flexible substrates. TopBeam, TopMet and SmartWeb Systems 7 Backlog Applied manufactures systems to meet demand represented by order backlog and customer commitments. Backlog consists of: (1) orders for which written authorizations have been accepted and assigned shipment dates are within the next 12 months, or shipment has occurred but revenue has not been recognized; and (2) contractual service revenue and maintenance fees to be earned within the next 12 months. Backlog by reportable segment as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014 was as follows: 2015 2014 (In millions, except percentages) Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,720 812 Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,142 $ 1,400 55% 775 26% 593 16% 3% 149 100% $ 2,917 48% 27% 20% 5% 100% Applied’s backlog on any particular date is not necessarily indicative of actual sales for any future periods, due to the potential for customer changes in delivery schedules or order cancellations. Customers may delay delivery of products or cancel orders prior to shipment, subject to possible cancellation penalties. Delays in delivery schedules or a reduction of backlog during any particular period could have a material adverse effect on Applied’s business and results of operations. Manufacturing, Raw Materials and Supplies Applied’s manufacturing activities consist primarily of assembly, test and integration of various proprietary and commercial parts, components and subassemblies that are used to manufacture systems. Applied has implemented a distributed manufacturing model under which manufacturing and supply chain activities are conducted in various countries, including Germany, Israel, Italy, Singapore, Taiwan, the United States and other countries in Asia. Applied uses numerous vendors, including contract manufacturers, to supply parts and assembly services for the manufacture and support of its products, including some systems being completed at customer sites. Although Applied makes reasonable efforts to assure that parts are available from multiple qualified suppliers, this is not always possible. Accordingly, some key parts may be obtained from only a single supplier or a limited group of suppliers. Applied seeks to reduce costs and to lower the risks of manufacturing and service interruptions by selecting and qualifying alternate suppliers for key parts; monitoring the financial condition of key suppliers; maintaining appropriate inventories of key parts; qualifying new parts on a timely basis; and ensuring quality and performance of parts. 8 Research, Development and Engineering Applied’s long-term growth strategy requires continued development of new products, including products that enable expansion into new markets. Applied's significant investments in research, development and engineering (RD&E) must generally enable it to deliver new products and technologies before the emergence of strong demand, thus allowing customers to incorporate these products into their manufacturing plans during early-stage technology selection. Applied works closely with its global customers to design systems and processes that meet their planned technical and production requirements. Applied’s product development and engineering organizations are located primarily in the United States, as well as in in Canada, China, Europe, India, Israel, Singapore and Taiwan. In addition, certain outsourced RD&E activities, process support and customer demonstrations are performed in the United States, India, China, Singapore and Taiwan. Applied's investments in RD&E for product development and engineering programs over the last three fiscal years were as follows: $1.5 billion (15 percent of net sales) in fiscal 2015, $1.4 billion (16 percent of net sales) in fiscal 2014, and $1.3 billion (18 percent of net sales) in fiscal 2013. Applied has spent an average of 14 percent of net sales in RD&E over the last five years. In addition to RD&E for specific product technologies, Applied maintains ongoing programs for automation control systems, materials research, and environmental control that are applicable to its products. Marketing and Sales Net sales by geographic region for the past three fiscal years, determined by the location of customers' facilities to which products were shipped, were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,600 1,623 1,654 1,078 432 7,387 1,630 642 9,659 27% 17% 17% 11% 4% 76% 17% 7% 100% (In millions, except percentages) $ 2,702 1,608 965 817 356 6,448 1,966 658 9,072 30% 18% 10% 9% 4% 71% 22% 7% 100% $ $ 2,640 787 924 685 320 5,356 1,473 680 7,509 35% 11% 12% 9% 4% 71% 20% 9% 100% $ Because of the highly technical nature of its products, Applied markets and sells products worldwide almost entirely through a direct sales force. General economic conditions can impact the company’s business and financial results. Applied’s business is based on capital equipment investments by major semiconductor, display, solar PV and other manufacturers, and is subject to cyclical industry conditions. Customers’ expenditures depend on many factors, including: anticipated market demand and pricing for semiconductors, display technologies and solar cells, and other electronic devices; the development of new technologies; customers’ factory utilization; capital resources and financing; government policies and incentives; and global and regional economic conditions. In addition, a significant driver in the semiconductor and display industries is end-demand for mobile consumer products, which is characterized by seasonality that impacts the timing of customer investments in manufacturing equipment and, in turn, Applied’s business. Information on net sales to unaffiliated customers and long-lived assets attributable to Applied’s geographic regions is included in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The following companies accounted for at least 10 percent of Applied’s net sales in each fiscal year, which were for products in multiple reportable segments. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 18% 15% 2014 12% 21% 2013 13% 27% 9 Competition The industries in which Applied operates are highly competitive and characterized by rapid technological change. Applied’s ability to compete generally depends on its ability to timely commercialize its technology, continually improve its products, and develop new products that meet constantly evolving customer requirements. Significant competitive factors include technical capability and differentiation, productivity, cost-effectiveness and the ability to support a global customer base. The importance of these factors varies according to customers’ needs, including product mix and respective product requirements, applications, and the timing and circumstances of purchasing decisions. Substantial competition exists in all areas of Applied’s business. Competitors range from small companies that compete in a single region, which may benefit from policies and regulations that favor domestic companies, to global, diversified companies. Applied’s ability to compete requires a high level of investment in RD&E, marketing and sales, and global customer support activities. Management believes that many of Applied’s products have strong competitive positions. The competitive environment for each segment is described below. The semiconductor industry has been increasingly driven by consumer demand for lower-cost electronic products with increased capability, particularly mobility devices such as smartphones and tablets. As a result, products within the Silicon Systems segment are subject to significant changes in customer requirements, including transitions to smaller dimensions, new materials and an increasing number of applications. While certain existing technologies may be adapted to new requirements, some applications create the need for an entirely different technological approach. The rapid pace of technological change can quickly diminish the value of current technologies and products and create opportunities for existing and new competitors. Applied offers a variety of technologically-differentiated products that must continuously evolve to satisfy customers’ requirements in order to compete effectively in the marketplace. Applied allocates resources among its numerous product offerings and therefore may decide not to invest in an individual product to the same degree as competitors who specialize in fewer products. There are a number of competitors serving the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry, which has experienced increasing consolidation. Some of these competitors offer a single product line and others offer multiple product lines, and range from suppliers serving a single region to global, diversified companies. The competitive environment for Silicon Systems in fiscal 2015 reflected steady demand for semiconductor equipment, with increased investment in technology upgrades and additional capacity by memory customers. Demand from foundry customers reflected investments in new technology at advanced nodes, driven by demand for advanced mobile chips. Products and services within the Applied Global Services segment complement Silicon Systems, Display, and Energy and Environmental Solutions segments’ products in markets that are characterized by demanding worldwide service requirements and a diverse group of numerous competitors. To compete effectively, Applied offers products and services to improve tool performance, lower overall cost of ownership, and increase the productivity and energy efficiency of customers’ fab operations. Significant competitive factors include productivity, cost-effectiveness, and the level of technical service and support. The importance of these factors varies according to customers’ needs and the type of products or services offered. Industry conditions that affected Applied Global Services’ sales of spares and services in fiscal 2015 were principally semiconductor manufacturers' wafer starts and factory utilization rates. Products in the Display segment are generally subject to strong competition from a number of major competitors primarily in Asia. Applied holds established market positions with its technically-differentiated LCD and OLED manufacturing solutions for PECVD, color filter PVD, PVD array, PVD touch panel, and TFT array testing, although its market position could change quickly due to customers' evolving requirements. The competitive environment for the Display segment in fiscal 2015 was characterized by continued demand for manufacturing equipment for TVs and high-end mobile devices, although this sector remains susceptible to highly cyclical conditions. Important factors affecting the competitive position of Applied's Display products include: industry trends, Applied's ability to innovate and develop new products, and the extent to which Applied's products are technically-differentiated, as well as which customers within a highly concentrated customer base are making capital equipment investments and Applied's existing position at these customers. Applied's products within the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment compete in several diverse market areas, including the c-Si solar equipment market. The solar equipment market has been characterized by significant pressure to reduce customers' overall production costs and increase conversion efficiency. While end-market demand for solar PVs has been robust over the last several years, investment levels in capital equipment remained low in fiscal 2015. With respect to its c-Si equipment products, Applied competes with a number of other companies, some of which have significant experience with solar applications and some of which are new entrants to the solar equipment market. The solar industry downturn has affected many of Applied's competitors and customers adversely, with some companies going through extensive financial and organizational restructuring, and in some instances ceasing operations. 10 Patents and Licenses Applied’s competitive position significantly depends upon its research, development, engineering, manufacturing and marketing capabilities, as well as its patent position. Protection of Applied's technology assets through enforcement of its intellectual property rights, including patents, is important. Applied’s practice is to file patent applications in the United States and other countries for inventions that it considers significant. Applied has approximately 10,200 patents in the United States and other countries, and additional applications are pending for new inventions. Although Applied does not consider its business materially dependent upon any one patent, the rights of Applied and the products made and sold under its patents, taken as a whole, are a significant element of its business. In addition to its patents, Applied possesses other intellectual property, including trademarks, know-how, trade secrets, and copyrights. Applied enters into patent and technology licensing agreements with other companies when it is determined to be in its best interest. Applied pays royalties under existing patent license agreements for the use, in several of its products, of certain patented technologies. Applied also receives royalties from licenses granted to third parties. Royalties received from or paid to third parties have not been, and are not expected to be, material to Applied’s consolidated results of operations. In the normal course of business, Applied periodically receives and makes inquiries regarding possible patent infringement. In responding to such inquiries, it may become necessary or useful for Applied to obtain or grant licenses or other rights. However, there can be no assurance that such licenses or rights will be available to Applied on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If Applied is not able to resolve or settle claims, obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or successfully prosecute or defend its position, Applied’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Environmental Matters Applied maintains a number of environmental, health, and safety programs that are primarily preventative in nature. As part of these programs, Applied regularly monitors ongoing compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In addition, Applied has trained personnel to conduct investigations of any environmental, health, or safety incidents, including, but not limited to, spills, releases, or possible contamination. Compliance with federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those regulating the discharge of materials into the environment, remedial agreements, and other actions relating to the environment have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on Applied’s capital expenditures, competitive position, financial condition, or results of operations. The most recent report on Applied’s environmental, health and safety activities can be found in Applied’s latest Citizenship Report on its website at http://www.appliedmaterials.com/company/corporate-responsibility/reports. The Citizenship Report is updated periodically. This website address is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. None of the information on, or accessible through, Applied’s website is part of this Form 10-K or is incorporated by reference herein. Employees At October 25, 2015, Applied employed approximately 14,600 regular employees and 900 temporary employees. In the high-technology industry, competition for highly-skilled employees is intense. Applied believes that its future success is highly dependent upon its continued ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. 11 Executive Officers of the Registrant The following table and notes set forth information about Applied’s executive officers: Name of Individual Gary E. Dickerson(1) Ginetto Addiego(2) Robert J. Halliday(3) Thomas F. Larkins(4) Omkaram Nalamasu(5) Ali Salehpour(6) Charles Read(7) Position President, Chief Executive Officer Senior Vice President, Engineering Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer Senior Vice President, General Manager, New Markets and Service Group Corporate Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (1) Mr. Dickerson, age 58, was named President of Applied in June 2012 and appointed Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors in September 2013. Before joining Applied, he served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. (Varian) from 2004 until its acquisition by Applied in November 2011. Prior to Varian, Mr. Dickerson served 18 years with KLA-Tencor Corporation (KLA-Tencor), a supplier of process control and yield management solutions for the semiconductor and related industries, where he held a variety of operations and product development roles, including President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Dickerson started his semiconductor career in manufacturing and engineering management at General Motors' Delco Electronics Division and then AT&T Technologies. (2) Dr. Addiego, age 56, has been Senior Vice President, Engineering since rejoining Applied in March 2014. He previously was with Applied from 1996 to 2005, leading various product groups as well as global organizations, including Global Operations, Manufacturing, Foundation Engineering, and Information Technology. From March 2011 to March 2014, Dr. Addiego was President and Chief Operating Officer of Ultra Clean Technology Corp., a supplier of critical subsystems for the semiconductor capital equipment, medical device, energy, research, and flat panel industries. From February 2005 to March 2011, Dr. Addiego worked at Novellus Systems, Inc., a provider of advanced process equipment for the semiconductor industry, where he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer and Executive Vice President of Corporate Operations. (3) Mr. Halliday, age 61, has been Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of Applied since February 2013. He previously served as a Group Vice President and General Manager in Applied’s Silicon Systems segment following the completion of Applied’s acquisition of Varian in November 2011. Mr. Halliday had served as Chief Financial Officer of Varian since 2001 and as an Executive Vice President of Varian since 2004. He was Varian's Treasurer from November 2002 to October 2006 and from February 2009 to February 2010. (4) Mr. Larkins, age 54, has been Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Applied since November 2012. Previously, Mr. Larkins was employed by Honeywell International Inc., a diversified global technology and manufacturing company, where he was Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Deputy General Counsel from 2002 until joining Applied. Mr. Larkins served in various other positions at Honeywell (formerly AlliedSignal) after joining the company in 1997. (5) Dr. Nalamasu, age 57, has been Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer since June 2013, and President of Applied Ventures, LLC, Applied's venture capital arm, since November 2013. He had served as Group Vice President, Chief Technology Officer from January 2012 to June 2013, and as Corporate Vice President, Chief Technology Officer from January 2011 to January 2012. Upon joining Applied in June 2006 until January 2011, Dr. Nalamasu was an Appointed Vice President of Research and served as Deputy Chief Technology Officer and General Manager for the Advanced Technologies Group. From 2002 to 2006, Dr. Nalamasu was a NYSTAR distinguished professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he also served as Vice President of Research from 2005 to 2006. Prior to Rensselaer, Dr. Nalamasu served in several leadership roles at Bell Laboratories. (6) Mr. Salehpour, age 54, has been Senior Vice President, General Manager, New Markets and Service Group since September 2013. He previously served as Group Vice President, General Manager Energy and Environmental Solutions and Display Business Groups, since joining Applied in November 2012. Prior to Applied, Mr. Salehpour worked at KLA-Tencor for 16 years, where he served as a Senior Vice President and General Manager. (7) Mr. Read, age 49, has been Corporate Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of Applied since joining the Company in September 2013. Prior to Applied, Mr. Read worked at Brocade Communications Systems, Inc., a provider of semiconductor and software-based network solutions, since October 2002, where he most recently served as Vice President, Corporate Controller. Prior to Brocade, Mr. Read worked at KPMG LLP, an audit, tax and advisory firm, from 1996 to 2002. 12 Available Information Applied’s website is http://www.appliedmaterials.com. Applied makes available free of charge, on or through its website, its annual, quarterly and current reports, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing such reports with, or furnishing them to, the SEC. The SEC’s website, www.sec.gov, contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. These website addresses are intended to be an inactive textual references only. None of the information on, or accessible through, these websites is part of this Form 10- K or is incorporated by reference herein. 13 Item 1A: Risk Factors The following factors could materially and adversely affect Applied’s business, financial condition or results of operations and cause reputational harm, and they should be carefully considered in evaluating the Company and its business, in addition to other information presented elsewhere in this report. The industries that Applied serves are volatile and difficult to predict. As a supplier to the global semiconductor, display, and solar industries, Applied is subject to business cycles, the timing, length and volatility of which can be difficult to predict and which vary by reportable segment. These industries historically have been cyclical due to sudden changes in customers’ requirements for new manufacturing capacity and advanced technology, which depend in part on customers’ capacity utilization, production volumes, access to affordable capital, end-use demand, consumer buying patterns, and inventory levels relative to demand, as well as the rate of technology transitions and general economic conditions. These changes have affected the timing and amounts of customers’ purchases and investments in technology, and continue to affect Applied’s orders, net sales, operating expenses and net income. In particular, the amount and mix of capital equipment spending between foundry, memory and logic customers can have a significant impact on the results of operations of our Silicon Systems segment, which is the largest contributor to Applied’s consolidated net sales and total new orders. To meet rapidly changing demand in the industries it serves, Applied must accurately forecast demand and effectively manage its resources and production capacity for each of its segments as well as across multiple segments, and may incur unexpected or additional costs to align its business operations. During periods of increasing demand for its products, Applied must have sufficient manufacturing capacity and inventory to meet customer demand; effectively manage its supply chain; attract, retain and motivate a sufficient number of qualified employees; and continue to control costs. During periods of decreasing demand, Applied must reduce costs and align its cost structure with prevailing market conditions; effectively manage its supply chain; and motivate and retain key employees. If Applied does not effectively manage its costs during periods of decreasing demand, its gross margins and earnings may be adversely impacted. Applied is exposed to risks associated with the uncertain global economy. Uncertain global economic conditions along with uncertainties in the financial markets, national debt and fiscal concerns in various regions, and government austerity measures, are posing challenges to the industries in which Applied operates. The markets for semiconductors and displays in particular depend largely on consumer spending. Economic uncertainty and related factors exacerbate negative trends in business and consumer spending and may cause certain Applied customers to push out, cancel, or refrain from placing orders for equipment or services, which may in turn reduce Applied's net sales, reduce backlog, and affect Applied’s ability to convert backlog to sales. Uncertain market conditions, difficulties in obtaining capital, or reduced profitability may also cause some customers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other manufacturers, or file for bankruptcy protection and potentially cease operations, which can also result in lower sales and/or additional inventory or bad debt expense for Applied. These conditions may similarly affect key suppliers, which could impair their ability to deliver parts and result in delays for Applied’s products or added costs. In addition, these conditions may lead to strategic alliances by, or consolidation of, other equipment manufacturers, which could adversely affect Applied’s ability to compete effectively. Uncertainty about future economic and industry conditions also makes it more challenging for Applied to forecast its operating results, make business decisions, and identify and prioritize the risks that may affect its businesses, sources and uses of cash, financial condition and results of operations. Applied may be required to implement additional cost reduction efforts, including restructuring activities, which may adversely affect Applied’s ability to capitalize on opportunities. In addition, Applied maintains an investment portfolio that is subject to general credit, liquidity, foreign exchange, market and interest rate risks. The risks to Applied’s investment portfolio may be exacerbated if financial market conditions deteriorate and, as a result, the value and liquidity of the investment portfolio, as well as returns on pension assets, could be negatively impacted and lead to impairment charges. Applied also maintains cash balances in various bank accounts globally in order to fund normal operations. If any of these financial institutions becomes insolvent, it could limit Applied’s ability to access cash in the affected accounts. 14 Applied is exposed to risks as a result of ongoing changes in the various industries in which it operates. The global semiconductor, display, solar and related industries in which Applied operates are characterized by ongoing changes affecting some or all of these industries that impact demand for and/or the profitability of Applied's products, including: • • • • • • • the nature, timing and degree of visibility of changes in end demand for electronic products, including those related to fluctuations in consumer buying patterns tied to seasonality or the introduction of new products, and the effects of these changes on foundry and other customers’ businesses and, in turn, on demand for Applied’s products; increasing capital requirements for building and operating new fabrication plants and customers’ ability to raise the necessary capital; differences in growth rates among the semiconductor, display and solar industries; the increasing importance of establishing, improving and maintaining strong relationships with customers; the increasing cost and complexity for customers to move from product design to volume manufacturing, which may slow the adoption rate of new manufacturing technology; the need to continually reduce the total cost of manufacturing system ownership; the heightened importance to customers of system reliability and productivity and the effect on demand for fabrication systems as a result of their increasing productivity, device yield and reliability; • manufacturers’ ability to reconfigure and re-use fabrication systems; • • • • • • the increasing importance of, and difficulties in, developing products with sufficient differentiation to influence customers’ purchasing decisions; requirements for shorter cycle times for the development, manufacture and installation of manufacturing equipment; price and performance trends for semiconductor devices, displays and solar PVs, and the corresponding effect on demand for such products; the increasing importance of the availability of spare parts to maximize the time that customers’ systems are available for production; the increasing role for and complexity of software in Applied products; and the increasing focus on reducing energy usage and improving the environmental impact and sustainability associated with manufacturing operations. Applied is exposed to risks as a result of ongoing changes specific to the semiconductor industry. The largest proportion of Applied’s consolidated net sales and profitability has been and continues to be derived from sales of manufacturing equipment in the Silicon Systems segment to the global semiconductor industry. In addition, a majority of the revenues of Applied Global Services is from sales of service products to semiconductor manufacturers. The semiconductor industry is characterized by ongoing changes particular to this industry that impact demand for and/or the profitability of Applied's semiconductor equipment and service products, including: • • • • • • • • the increasing cost of research and development due to many factors, including: decreasing linewidths on a chip, the use of new materials, new and more complex device structures, more applications and process steps, increasing chip design costs, and the increasing cost and complexity of integrated manufacturing processes; the need to reduce product development time, despite the increasing difficulty of technical challenges; the growing number of types and varieties of semiconductors and number of applications across multiple substrate sizes; the increasing cost and complexity for semiconductor manufacturers to move more technically advanced capability and smaller linewidths to volume manufacturing, and the resulting impact on the rates of technology transition and investment in capital equipment; challenges in generating organic growth given semiconductor manufacturers’ levels of capital expenditures and the allocation of capital investment to market segments that Applied does not serve, such as lithography, or segments where Applied's products have lower relative market presence; the importance of increasing market positions in under-penetrated segments, such as etch and inspection; semiconductor manufacturer's ability to reconfigure and re-use equipment, and the resulting effect on their need to purchase new equipment and services; the increasing frequency and complexity of technology transitions and inflections, such as 3-D transistors and advanced interconnects, and Applied’s ability to timely and effectively anticipate and adapt to these changes; 15 • • • • • • • shorter cycle times between order placements by customers (particularly foundries) and product shipment, which may lead to inventory write-offs and manufacturing inefficiencies that decrease gross margin; competitive factors that make it difficult to enhance position, including challenges in securing development-tool-of- record (DTOR) and production-tool-of-record (PTOR) positions with customers; consolidation in the semiconductor industry, including among semiconductor manufacturers and among manufacturing equipment suppliers; shifts in sourcing strategies by computer and electronics companies that impact the equipment requirements of Applied's foundry customers; the concentration of new wafer starts in Korea and Taiwan, where Applied’s service penetration and service-revenue- per-wafer-start have been lower than in other regions; the potential increasing investment in semiconductor manufacturing capabilities in China, and its effect on the demand for semiconductor manufacturing equipment; and the increasing fragmentation of semiconductor markets, leading certain markets to become too small to support the cost of a new fabrication plant, while others require less technologically advanced products. Applied must accurately forecast, and allocate appropriate resources and investment towards addressing, key technology changes and inflections in order to enable opportunities for gains. Applied is exposed to risks as a result of ongoing changes specific to the display industry. The global display industry historically has experienced considerable volatility in capital equipment investment levels, due in part to the limited number of display manufacturers, the concentrated nature of end-use applications, production capacity relative to end-use demand, and panel manufacturer profitability. Industry growth has depended primarily on consumer demand for increasingly larger and more advanced TVs and, more recently, on demand for smartphones and other mobile devices, which demand is highly sensitive to cost and improvements in technologies and features. The display industry is characterized by ongoing changes particular to this industry that impact demand for and/or the profitability of Applied's display products, including: • • • • the timing and extent of an expansion of manufacturing facilities in China, which may be affected by changes in economic conditions in China; the rate of transition to larger substrate sizes for TVs and to new display technologies for TVs and mobile applications, and the resulting effect on capital intensity in the industry and on Applied’s product differentiation, gross margin and return on investment; the importance of new types of display technologies, such as low temperature polysilicon (LTPS), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), flexible displays and metal oxide, and new touch panel films; and uncertainty with respect to future display technology end-use applications and growth drivers. 16 Applied is exposed to risks as a result of ongoing changes specific to the solar industry. Investment levels in capital equipment for the global solar industry have experienced considerable volatility. In recent years, global solar PV production capacity has exceeded end-use demand, causing customers to significantly reduce or delay investments in manufacturing capacity and new technology, or to cease operations. Recently, Applied implemented cost reduction measures in its solar business, and as a result incurred restructuring charges, asset impairments and inventory-related charges. The global solar market is characterized by ongoing changes specific to this industry that impact demand for and/or the profitability of Applied’s solar products, including: • • • • • • • • the need to continually decrease the cost-per-watt of electricity produced by solar PV products to at or below grid parity in more global regions by, among other things, reducing operating costs and increasing throughputs for solar PV manufacturing, and improving the conversion efficiency of solar PVs; the variability and uncertainty of government energy policies and their effect in influencing the rate of growth of the solar PV market, including the availability and amount of incentives for solar power such as tax credits, feed-in tariffs, rebates, renewable portfolio standards that require electricity providers to sell a targeted amount of energy from renewable sources, and goals for solar installations on government facilities; the number of solar PV manufacturers and amount of global production capacity for solar PVs, primarily in China; the assessment of duties on solar cells and modules imported from China, Taiwan and other countries; challenges associated with marketing and selling manufacturing equipment and services to a diverse and diffuse customer base; the availability and condition of used solar equipment, which impacts demand for new equipment; the financial condition of solar PV customers and their access to affordable financing and capital; and solar panel manufacturing overcapacity, which has led to weak industry operating performance and outlooks, deterioration of the solar equipment market, and a worsening of the financial condition of certain customers. Applied must continually innovate, commercialize its products, and adapt its business and product offerings to respond to competition and rapid technological changes. As Applied operates in a highly competitive environment in which innovation is critical, its future success depends on many factors, including the effective commercialization and customer acceptance of its equipment, services and related products. In addition, Applied must successfully execute its growth strategy, including enhancing its presence in existing markets, expanding into related markets, cultivating new markets and exceeding industry growth rates, while constantly improving its operational performance. The development, introduction and support of a broadening set of products in more collaborative, geographically diverse, open and varied competitive environments have grown more complex and expensive over time. Furthermore, new or improved products may entail higher costs and reduced profits. Applied’s performance may be adversely affected if it does not timely, cost-effectively and successfully: • identify and address technology inflections, market changes, new applications, customer requirements and end-use demand; • develop new products and disruptive technologies, improve and/or develop new applications for existing products, and adapt similar products for use by customers in different applications and/or markets with varying technical requirements; • differentiate its products from those of competitors and any disruptive technologies, meet customers’ performance specifications, appropriately price products, and achieve market acceptance; • maintain operating flexibility to enable different responses to different markets, customers and applications; • enhance its worldwide operations across all business segments to reduce cycle time, enable continuous quality improvement, reduce costs, and enhance design for manufacturability and serviceability; • focus on product development and sales and marketing strategies that address customers' high value problems and foster strong customer relationships; 17 • • • • • • • allocate resources, including people and R&D funding, among Applied’s products and between the development of new products and the enhancement of existing products, as most appropriate and effective for future growth; reduce the cost and improve the productivity of capital invested in R&D activities; accurately forecast demand, work with suppliers and meet production schedules for its products; improve its manufacturing processes and achieve cost efficiencies across product offerings; adapt to changes in value offered by companies in different parts of the supply chain; qualify products for evaluation and, in turn, volume manufacturing with its customers; and implement changes in its design engineering methodology, including those that enable reduction of material costs and cycle time, greater commonality of platforms and types of parts used in different systems, greater effectiveness of product life cycle management, and reduced energy usage and environmental impact. Applied is exposed to risks associated with a highly concentrated customer base. Applied’s semiconductor customer base historically has been, and is becoming even more, highly concentrated as a result of economic and industry conditions. In fiscal 2015, two semiconductor manufacturers accounted for approximately 41 percent of the Silicon Systems segment's net sales and two customers accounted for 33 percent of Applied’s consolidated net sales. Applied’s display customer base is also highly concentrated. Applied’s customer base is also geographically-concentrated. See Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” for tabular presentations of net sales by geographic region. In addition, certain customers have experienced significant ownership or management changes, consolidated with other manufacturers, outsourced manufacturing activities, or engaged in collaboration or cooperation arrangements with other manufacturers. Customers have entered into strategic alliances or industry consortia that have increased the influence of key industry participants in technology decisions made by their partners. Also, certain customers are making an increasingly greater percentage of their respective industry’s capital equipment investments. Further, claims or litigation involving key industry participants have resulted and may continue to result in changes in their sourcing strategies and other outcomes. In this environment, contracts or orders from a relatively limited number of manufacturers have accounted for, and are expected to continue to account for, a substantial portion of Applied’s business. The mix and type of customers, and sales to any single customer, may vary significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year. As Applied’s products are configured to customer specifications, changing, rescheduling or canceling orders may result in significant, non-recoverable costs. If customers do not place orders, or they substantially reduce, delay or cancel orders, Applied may not be able to replace the business, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations. Major customers may also seek, and on occasion receive, pricing, payment, intellectual property-related, or other commercial terms that are less favorable to Applied. Applied is exposed to the risks of operating a global business. In fiscal 2015, approximately 83 percent of Applied’s net sales were to customers in regions outside the United States. Moreover, China now represents the largest market for various electronic products, such as TVs, PCs, and smartphones. Certain of Applied’s R&D and manufacturing facilities, as well as suppliers to Applied, are also located outside the United States, including in Singapore, Taiwan, China, Korea, Israel, Germany and Italy. Applied is also expanding its business and operations in new countries. The global nature of Applied’s business and operations, combined with the need to continually improve the Company’s operating cost structure, presents challenges, including but not limited to those arising from: • • • • • varying regional and geopolitical business conditions and demands; political and social attitudes, laws, rules, regulations and policies within countries that favor domestic companies over non-domestic companies, including customer- or government-supported efforts to promote the development and growth of local competitors; customer- or government-supported efforts to influence Applied to conduct more of its operations and sourcing in a particular country, such as Korea and China; variations among, and changes in, local, regional, national or international laws and regulations (including intellectual property, labor, tax, and import/export laws), as well as the interpretation and application of such laws and regulations; global trade issues, including those related to the interpretation and application of import and export licenses, as well as international trade disputes; 18 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • positions taken by governmental agencies regarding possible national commercial and/or security issues posed by international business operations; fluctuating raw material, commodity, energy and shipping costs or shipping delays; challenges associated with managing more geographically diverse operations and projects, which require an effective organizational structure and appropriate business processes, procedures and controls; a more diverse workforce with different experience levels, cultures, customs, business practices and worker expectations; variations in the ability to develop relationships with local customers, suppliers and governments; fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates, including the relative strength or weakness of the U.S. dollar against the Japanese yen, euro, Taiwanese dollar, Israeli shekel or Chinese yuan; the need to provide sufficient levels of technical support in different locations around the world; political instability, natural disasters (such as earthquakes, floods or storms), pandemics, social unrest, terrorism or acts of war in locations where Applied has operations, suppliers or sales, or that may influence the value chain of the industries that Applied serves; the need for an effective business continuity plan if a disaster or other event occurs that could disrupt business operations; the need to regularly reassess the size, capability and location of global infrastructure and make appropriate changes; cultural and language differences; difficulties and uncertainties associated with the entry into new countries; hiring and integration of an increasing number of new workers, including in countries such as India and China; the increasing need for the workforce to be more mobile and work in or travel to different regions; uncertainties with respect to economic growth rates in various countries; and uncertainties with respect to growth rates for the manufacture and sale of semiconductors, displays and solar PVs in the developing economies of certain countries. Many of these challenges are present in China and Korea, which are experiencing significant growth of customers, suppliers and competitors to Applied. Applied further believes that China and Korea present large potential markets for its products and opportunity for growth over the long term, although at lower projected levels of profitability and margins for certain products than historically have been achieved in other regions. Applied is exposed to risks associated with business combinations, acquisitions and strategic investments. Applied has made, and in the future may make, acquisitions of or investments in companies, technologies or products in existing, related or new markets for Applied. Business combinations, acquisitions and investments involve numerous risks that vary depending on their scale and nature, including but not limited to: • • • • • • diversion of management’s attention from other operational matters; contractual restrictions on the conduct of Applied’s business during the pendency of a proposed transaction; inability to complete proposed transactions as anticipated or at all and any ensuing obligation to pay a termination fee; the failure of acquired businesses to meet or exceed expected returns; requirements imposed by government regulators in connection with their review of a transaction, which may include, among other things, divestitures and/or restrictions on the conduct of Applied’s existing business or the acquired business; ineffective integration of operations, systems, technologies, products or employees, which can impact the ability to realize anticipated synergies or other benefits; 19 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • failure to commercialize purchased technologies; initial dependence on unfamiliar supply chains or relatively small supply partners; inability to capitalize on characteristics of new markets that may be significantly different from Applied’s existing markets and where competitors may have stronger market positions and customer relationships; failure to attract, retain and motivate key employees; the potential impact of the announcement or consummation of a proposed transaction on relationships with third parties; potential changes in Applied’s credit rating, which could adversely impact the Company’s access to and cost of capital; reductions in cash balances and/or increases in debt obligations to finance activities associated with a transaction, which reduce the availability of cash flow for general corporate or other purposes; exposure to new operational risks, rules, regulations, worker expectations, customs and practices to the extent acquired businesses are located in regions where Applied has not historically conducted business; challenges associated with managing new, more diverse and more widespread operations, projects and people; inability to obtain and protect intellectual property rights in key technologies; inadequacy or ineffectiveness of an acquired company’s internal financial controls, disclosure controls and procedures, and/or environmental, health and safety, anti-corruption, human resource, or other policies or practices; impairment of acquired intangible assets and goodwill as a result of changing business conditions, technological advancements or worse-than-expected performance of the segment; the risk of litigation or claims associated with a proposed or completed transaction; unknown, underestimated and/or undisclosed commitments or liabilities; and the inappropriate scale of acquired entities’ critical resources or facilities for business needs. Applied also makes strategic investments in other companies, including companies formed as joint ventures, which may decline in value and/or not meet desired objectives. The success of these investments depends on various factors over which Applied may have limited or no control and, particularly with respect to joint ventures, requires ongoing and effective cooperation with strategic partners. The risks to Applied’s strategic investment portfolio may be exacerbated by unfavorable financial market and macroeconomic conditions and, as a result, the value of the investment portfolio could be negatively impacted and lead to impairment charges. Applied’s indebtedness and debt covenants could adversely affect its financial condition and business. Applied has $3.35 billion in aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes outstanding. Under the indenture governing the senior unsecured notes, it may be required to offer to repurchase the notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, upon a change of control of Applied and a contemporaneous downgrade of the notes below investment grade. Applied also has in place a $1.5 billion committed revolving credit agreement. While no amounts were outstanding under this credit agreement at October 25, 2015, Applied may borrow amounts in the future under the agreement. Applied may also enter into new financing arrangements. Applied’s ability to satisfy its debt obligations is dependent upon the results of its business operations and other risks discussed in this section. Significant changes in Applied’s credit rating or changes in the interest rate environment could have a material adverse consequence on Applied’s access to and cost of capital for future financings, and financial condition. If Applied fails to satisfy its debt obligations, or comply with financial and other debt covenants, it may be in default and any borrowings may become immediately due and payable, and such default may also constitute a default under other of Applied’s obligations. There can be no assurance that Applied would have sufficient financial resources or be able to arrange financing to repay any borrowings at such time. Operating in multiple industries, and the entry into new markets and industries, entail additional challenges and obligations. As part of its growth strategy, Applied must successfully expand into related or new markets and industries, either with its existing products or with new products developed internally or obtained through acquisitions. The entry into different markets involves additional challenges, including those arising from: • • • the need to devote additional resources to develop new products for, and operate in, new markets; the need to develop new sales and technical marketing strategies, cultivate relationships with new customers and meet different customer service requirements; differing rates of profitability and growth among multiple businesses; • Applied’s ability to anticipate demand, capitalize on opportunities, and avoid or minimize risks; 20 • • the complexity of managing multiple businesses with variations in production planning, execution, supply chain management and logistics; the adoption of new business models, business processes and systems; • Applied’s ability to rapidly expand or reduce its operations to meet increased or decreased demand, respectively, and the associated effect on working capital; new materials, processes and technologies; the need to attract, motivate and retain employees with skills and expertise in these new areas; new and more diverse customers and suppliers, including some with limited operating histories, uncertain and/or limited funding, evolving business models and/or locations in regions where Applied does not have, or has limited, operations; new or different competitors with potentially more financial or other resources, industry experience and/or established customer relationships; entry into new industries and countries, with differing levels of government involvement, laws and regulations, and business, employment and safety practices; third parties’ intellectual property rights; and the need to comply with, or work to establish, industry standards and practices. • • • • • • • In addition, Applied from time to time receives funding from United States and other government agencies for certain strategic development programs to increase its research and development resources and address new market opportunities. As a condition to this government funding, Applied may be subject to certain record-keeping, audit, intellectual property rights-sharing and/or other obligations. Manufacturing interruptions or delays could affect Applied’s ability to meet customer demand and lead to higher costs, while the failure to estimate customer demand accurately could result in excess or obsolete inventory. Applied’s business depends on its timely supply of equipment, services and related products that meet the rapidly changing technical and volume requirements of its customers, which depends in part on the timely delivery of parts, components and subassemblies (collectively, parts) from suppliers, including contract manufacturers. Some key parts are subject to long lead-times and/or obtainable only from a single supplier or limited group of suppliers, and some sourcing or subassembly is provided by suppliers located in countries other than the countries where Applied conducts its manufacturing, including China and Korea. Cyclical industry conditions and the volatility of demand for manufacturing equipment increase capital, technical, operational and other risks for Applied and for companies throughout its supply chain. Further, these conditions may cause some suppliers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other companies, or file for bankruptcy protection and possibly cease operations. Applied may also experience significant interruptions of its manufacturing operations, delays in its ability to deliver products or services, increased costs or customer order cancellations as a result of: • • • • • the failure or inability of suppliers to timely deliver sufficient quantities of quality parts on a cost-effective basis; volatility in the availability and cost of materials, including rare earth elements; difficulties or delays in obtaining required import or export approvals; information technology or infrastructure failures; and natural disasters or other events beyond Applied's control (such as earthquakes, floods or storms, regional economic downturns, pandemics, social unrest, political instability, terrorism, or acts of war), particularly where it conducts manufacturing. If a supplier fails to meet Applied’s requirements concerning quality, cost, socially-responsible business practices, or other performance factors, Applied may transfer its business to alternative sources, which could entail manufacturing delays, additional costs, or other difficulties. In addition, if Applied needs to rapidly increase its business and manufacturing capacity to meet increases in demand or expedited shipment schedules, this may exacerbate any interruptions in Applied’s manufacturing operations and supply chain and the associated effect on Applied’s working capital. Moreover, if actual demand for Applied’s products is different than expected, Applied may purchase more/fewer parts than necessary or incur costs for canceling, postponing or expediting delivery of parts. If Applied purchases inventory in anticipation of customer demand that does not materialize, or if customers reduce or delay orders, Applied may incur excess inventory charges. 21 The ability to attract, retain and motivate key employees is vital to Applied’s success. Applied’s success, competitiveness and ability to execute on its global strategies and maintain a culture of innovation depend in large part on its ability to attract, retain and motivate key employees, especially in critical positions. Achieving this objective may be difficult due to many factors, including fluctuations in global economic and industry conditions, management changes, Applied’s organizational structure, hiring practices of competitors and other companies, cost reduction activities (including workforce reductions and unpaid shutdowns), availability of career development opportunities, the ability to obtain necessary authorizations for workers to provide services outside their home countries, and the effectiveness of Applied’s compensation and benefit programs, including its share-based programs. Restructuring programs present particular challenges to the extent they involve the departure of knowledgeable and experienced employees and the resulting need to identify and train existing or new workers to perform necessary functions, which may result in unexpected costs, reduced productivity, and/or difficulties with respect to internal processes and controls. Applied is exposed to various risks related to protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. Applied’s success depends in significant part on the protection of its intellectual property and other rights. Infringement of Applied’s rights by a third party, such as the unauthorized manufacture or sale of equipment or spare parts, could result in uncompensated lost market and revenue opportunities for Applied. Policing any unauthorized use of intellectual property is difficult and costly and Applied cannot be certain that the measures it has implemented will prevent misuse. Applied’s intellectual property rights may not provide significant competitive advantages if they are circumvented, invalidated, rendered obsolete by the rapid pace of technological change, or if Applied does not adequately protect or assert these rights or obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms. Furthermore, the laws and practices of other countries, including China, India, Taiwan and Korea, permit the protection and enforcement of Applied’s rights to varying extents, which may not be sufficient to adequately protect Applied’s rights. In addition, changes in intellectual property laws or their interpretation, such as recent changes in U.S. patent laws, may impact Applied's ability to protect and assert its intellectual property rights, increase costs and uncertainties in the prosecution of patent applications and enforcement or defense of issued patents, and diminish the value of Applied's intellectual property. Applied is exposed to risks related to cybersecurity threats and incidents. In the conduct of its business, Applied collects, uses, transmits and stores data on information technology systems. This data includes confidential information belonging to Applied or its customers or other business partners, as well as personally- identifiable information of individuals. Applied has experienced, and expects to continue to be subject to, cybersecurity threats and incidents, ranging from employee error or misuse to individual attempts to gain unauthorized access to information systems to sophisticated and targeted measures known as advanced persistent threats, none of which have been material to the Company to date. Applied devotes significant resources to network security, data encryption and other measures to protect its systems and data from unauthorized access or misuse. However, depending on their nature and scope, cybersecurity incidents could result in business disruption; the misappropriation, corruption or loss of confidential information and critical data (Applied's and that of third parties); reputational damage; litigation with third parties; diminution in the value of Applied's investment in research, development and engineering; data privacy issues; and increased cybersecurity protection and remediation costs. Applied is exposed to various risks related to legal proceedings. Applied from time to time is, and in the future may be, involved in legal proceedings or claims regarding patent infringement, intellectual property rights, antitrust, environmental regulations, securities, contracts, product performance, product liability, unfair competition, misappropriation of trade secrets, employment, workplace safety, and other matters. Applied also on occasion receives notification from customers who believe that Applied owes them indemnification or other obligations related to claims made against such customers by third parties. Legal proceedings and claims, whether with or without merit, and associated internal investigations, may (1) be time- consuming and expensive to prosecute, defend or conduct; (2) divert management’s attention and other Applied resources; (3) inhibit Applied’s ability to sell its products; (4) result in adverse judgments for damages, injunctive relief, penalties and fines; and/or (5) negatively affect Applied’s business. There can be no assurance regarding the outcome of current or future legal proceedings, claims or investigations. 22 The failure to successfully implement and conduct outsourcing activities and other operational initiatives could adversely affect results of operations. To better align its costs with market conditions, locate closer to customers, enhance productivity, and improve efficiencies, Applied conducts certain engineering, software development, manufacturing, sourcing and other operations in regions outside the United States, including India, Taiwan, China, and Korea. Applied has implemented a distributed manufacturing model, under which certain manufacturing and supply chain activities are conducted in various countries, including Germany, Israel, Italy, Singapore, Taiwan, the United States and other countries in Asia, and assembly of some systems is completed at customer sites. In addition, Applied outsources certain functions to third parties, including companies in the United States, India, China, Korea, Malaysia and other countries. Outsourced functions include contract manufacturing, engineering, customer support, software development, information technology support, finance and administrative activities. The expanding role of third party providers has required changes to Applied’s existing operations and the adoption of new procedures and processes for retaining and managing these providers, as well as redistributing responsibilities as warranted, in order to realize the potential productivity and operational efficiencies, assure quality and continuity of supply, and protect the intellectual property of Applied and its customers, suppliers and other partners. If Applied does not accurately forecast the amount, timing and mix of demand for products, or if contract manufacturers or other outsource providers fail to perform in a timely manner or at satisfactory quality levels, Applied’s ability to meet customer requirements could suffer, particularly during a market upturn. In addition, Applied must regularly implement or update comprehensive programs and processes to better align its global organizations, including initiatives to enhance its supply chain and improve back office and information technology infrastructure for more efficient transaction processing. The implementation of new processes and additional functionality to the existing systems entails certain risks, including difficulties with changes in business processes that could disrupt Applied’s operations, such as its ability to track orders and timely ship products, project inventory requirements, manage its supply chain and aggregate financial and operational data. During transitions Applied must continue to rely on legacy information systems, which may be costly or inefficient, while the implementation of new initiatives may not achieve the anticipated benefits and may divert management’s attention from other operational activities, or have other unintended consequences. If Applied does not effectively develop and implement its outsourcing and relocation strategies, if required export and other governmental approvals are not timely obtained, if Applied’s third party providers do not perform as anticipated, or if there are delays or difficulties in enhancing business processes, Applied may not realize anticipated productivity improvements or cost efficiencies, and may experience operational difficulties, increased costs (including energy and transportation), manufacturing interruptions or delays, inefficiencies in the structure and/or operation of its supply chain, loss of its intellectual property rights, quality issues, reputational harm, increased product time-to-market, and/or inefficient allocation of human resources. Applied may incur impairment charges to goodwill or long-lived assets. Applied has a significant amount of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets related to acquisitions. Goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, and more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The review compares the fair value for each of Applied’s reporting units to its associated carrying value, including goodwill. Factors that could lead to impairment of goodwill and intangible assets include adverse industry or economic trends, reduced estimates of future cash flows, declines in the market price of Applied common stock, changes in Applied’s strategies or product portfolio, and restructuring activities. Applied’s valuation methodology for assessing impairment requires management to make judgments and assumptions based on historical experience and projections of future operating performance. Applied may be required to record future charges to earnings during the period in which an impairment of goodwill or intangible assets is determined to exist. 23 Changes in tax rates or tax assets and liabilities could affect results of operations. As a global company, Applied is subject to taxation in the United States and various other jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required to determine and estimate worldwide tax liabilities. Applied’s future provision for income taxes and tax rates could be affected by numerous factors, including changes in the: (1) applicable tax laws; (2) amount and composition of pre-tax income in jurisdictions with differing tax rates; (3) plans to indefinitely reinvest certain funds held outside of the U.S.; and (4) valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Consistent with the international nature of its business, Applied conducts certain manufacturing, supply chain, and other operations in Asia, bringing these activities closer to customers and reducing operating costs. Applied has received authorization to use tax incentives that provide that income earned in certain countries outside the U.S. will be subject to tax holidays or reduced income tax rates. To obtain the benefit of these tax incentives, Applied must meet requirements relating to various activities. Applied’s ability to realize benefits from these incentives could be materially affected if, among other things, applicable requirements are not met or Applied incurs net losses for which it cannot claim a deduction. In addition, Applied is subject to regular examination by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities, and from time to time initiates amendments to previously filed tax returns. Applied regularly assesses the likelihood of favorable or unfavorable outcomes resulting from these examinations and amendments to determine the adequacy of its provision for income taxes, which requires estimates and judgments. Although Applied believes its tax estimates are reasonable, there can be no assurance that the tax authorities will agree with such estimates. Applied may have to engage in litigation to achieve the results reflected in the estimates, which may be time-consuming and expensive. There can be no assurance that Applied will be successful or that any final determination will not be materially different from the treatment reflected in Applied’s historical income tax provisions and accruals. Applied is subject to risks of non-compliance with environmental and safety regulations. Applied is subject to environmental and safety regulations in connection with its global business operations, including but not limited to: regulations related to the development, manufacture and use of its products; recycling and disposal of materials used in its products or in producing its products; the operation of its facilities; and the use of its real property. The failure or inability to comply with existing or future environmental and safety regulations, such as those related to climate change, could result in: (1) significant remediation liabilities; (2) the imposition of fines; (3) the suspension or termination of the development, manufacture, sale or use of certain of its products; (4) limitations on the operation of its facilities or ability to use its real property; and/or (5) a decrease in the value of its real property. Applied is exposed to various risks related to the regulatory environment. Applied is subject to various risks related to: (1) new, different, inconsistent or conflicting laws, rules and regulations that may be enacted by executive order, legislative bodies or regulatory agencies in the countries in which Applied operates; (2) disagreements or disputes between national or regional regulatory agencies related to international trade; and (3) the interpretation and application of laws, rules and regulations. As a public company with global operations, Applied is subject to the laws of multiple jurisdictions and the rules and regulations of various governing bodies, including those related to financial and other disclosures, corporate governance, privacy, and anti-corruption. Changes and ambiguities in laws, regulations and standards create uncertainty and challenges regarding compliance matters. Efforts to comply with new and changing regulations have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments None. 24 Item 2: Properties Information concerning Applied's properties at October 25, 2015 is set forth below: (Square feet in thousands) Owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States 3,748 556 4,304 Other Countries 1,624 1,107 2,731 Total 5,372 1,663 7,035 Because of the interrelation of Applied's operations, properties within a country may be shared by the segments operating within that country. The Company's headquarters offices are in Santa Clara, California. Products in Silicon Systems are manufactured in Austin, Texas; Gloucester, Massachusetts; Rehovot, Israel; and Singapore. Remanufactured equipment products in the Applied Global Services segment are produced primarily in Austin, Texas. Products in the Display segment are manufactured in Tainan, Taiwan and Santa Clara, California. Products in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment are primarily manufactured in Alzenau, Germany and Treviso, Italy. Applied also owns and leases offices, plants and warehouse locations in many locations throughout the world, including in Europe, Japan, North America (principally the United States), Israel, China, India, Korea, Southeast Asia and Taiwan. These facilities are principally used for manufacturing; research, development and engineering; and marketing, sales and customer support. Applied also owns a total of approximately 139 acres of buildable land in Texas, California, Israel and Italy that could accommodate additional building space. Applied considers the properties that it owns or leases as adequate to meet its current and future requirements. Applied regularly assesses the size, capability and location of its global infrastructure and periodically makes adjustments based on these assessments. 25 Item 3: Legal Proceedings The information set forth under “Legal Matters” in Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference. Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures None. PART II Item 5: Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Market Information The following table sets forth the high and low closing sale prices for the periods presented as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Fiscal 2015 First quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Second quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Fourth quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Fiscal 2014 First quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Second quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Fourth quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Price Range High Low 25.40 25.63 20.38 17.62 18.01 20.84 23.27 23.11 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 21.04 21.49 17.37 14.37 16.50 16.72 18.67 18.92 Applied’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol AMAT. As of December 3, 2015, there were 3,247 registered holders of Applied common stock. 26 Performance Graph The performance graph below shows the five-year cumulative total stockholder return on Applied common stock during the period from October 31, 2010 through October 25, 2015. This is compared with the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the RDG Semiconductor Composite Index over the same period. The comparison assumes $100 was invested on October 31, 2010 in Applied common stock and in each of the foregoing indices and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any. Dollar amounts in the graph are rounded to the nearest whole dollar. The performance shown in the graph represents past performance and should not be considered an indication of future performance. COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN* Among Applied Materials, Inc., the S&P 500 Index and the RDG Semiconductor Composite Index $250 $200 $150 $100 $50 188 186 172 195 170 150 158 155 136 110 108 105 125 104 91 $0 10/31/10 10/30/11 10/28/12 10/27/13 10/26/14 10/25/15 Applied Materials, Inc. S&P 500 RDG Semiconductor Composite *Assumes $100 invested on 10/31/10 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Indexes calculated on month-end basis. “S&P” is a registered trademark of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC, a subsidiary of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Applied Materials S&P 500 Index RDG Semiconductor Composite Index 100.00 100.00 100.00 104.54 108.09 110.04 90.88 124.52 104.07 155.43 158.36 136.15 188.13 185.71 172.41 150.26 195.37 170.40 10/31/2010 10/30/2011 10/28/2012 10/27/2013 10/26/2014 10/25/2015 Dividends During each of fiscal 2015 and 2014, Applied's Board of Directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share. During fiscal 2013, Applied’s Board of Directors declared three quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share and one quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share. Dividends paid during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $487 million, $485 million and $456 million, respectively. Applied currently anticipates that cash dividends will continue to be paid on a quarterly basis, although the declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on Applied’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination by the Board of Directors that cash dividends are in the best interests of Applied’s stockholders. 27 Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities The following table provides information as of October 25, 2015 with respect to the shares of common stock repurchased by Applied during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 pursuant to the publicly-announced stock repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors on April 26, 2015, which authorized up to $3.0 billion in repurchases over the next three years ending April 2018. Period Month #1 Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Aggregate Price Paid Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Program (In millions, except per share amounts) (July 27, 2015 to August 23, 2015) Month #2 (August 24, 2015 to September 20, 2015) Month #3 (September 21, 2015 to October 25, 2015) Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 14.8 20.1 44.4 $ $ $ $ 16.89 $ 160 15.69 15.32 15.78 $ 233 307 700 $ $ $ 9.5 14.8 20.1 44.4 2,215 1,982 1,675 Item 6: Selected Financial Data The following selected financial information has been derived from Applied’s historical audited consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes for the corresponding fiscal years: Fiscal Year(1) 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 (In millions, except percentages and per share amounts) 3,952 New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,104 Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,659 Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research, development and engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Earnings per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash dividends declared per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 0.40 Total assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15,308 1,693 1,451 3,342 1,377 1,598 1.12 40.9% 17.5% $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9,648 9,072 3,843 42.4% 1,428 1,520 16.8% 1,448 1,072 0.87 1,947 0.40 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,466 7,509 2,991 39.8% 1,320 432 5.8% 350 256 0.21 1,946 0.39 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,037 8,719 3,313 38.0% 1,237 411 4.7% 316 109 0.09 1,946 0.35 $ 10,142 $ 10,517 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 4,360 41.5% 1,118 2,398 22.8% 2,378 1,926 1.45 1,947 0.31 $ 13,174 $ 12,043 $ 12,102 $ 13,861 (1) Each fiscal year ended on the last Sunday in October. Fiscal 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012 and 2011 each contained 52 weeks. 28 Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Introduction Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is intended to facilitate an understanding of Applied’s business and results of operations. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with Applied’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements and should also be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement set forth at the beginning of this Form 10-K. MD&A consists of the following sections: • Overview: a summary of Applied’s business and measurements • Results of Operations: a discussion of operating results • Segment Information: a discussion of segment operating results • Business Combinations: a summary of announced or completed business combinations and acquisitions • Recent Accounting Pronouncements: a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and its impact to Applied's consolidated financial statements • Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources: an analysis of cash flows, sources and uses of cash • Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations • Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates: a discussion of critical accounting policies that require the exercise of judgments and estimates • Non-GAAP Adjusted Results: a presentation of results reconciling GAAP to non-GAAP adjusted measures Overview Applied provides manufacturing equipment, services and software to the global semiconductor, display, solar photovoltaic (PV) and related industries. Applied’s customers include manufacturers of semiconductor wafers and chips, liquid crystal and other displays, solar PV cells and modules, and other electronic devices. These customers may use what they manufacture in their own end products or sell the items to other companies for use in advanced electronic components. Applied operates in four reportable segments: Silicon Systems, Applied Global Services, Display, and Energy and Environmental Solutions. A summary of financial information for each reportable segment is found in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. A discussion of factors that could affect Applied’s operations is set forth under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference. Product development and manufacturing activities occur primarily in the United States, Europe, Israel, and Asia. Applied’s broad range of equipment and service products are highly technical and are sold primarily through a direct sales force. Applied’s results are driven primarily by worldwide demand for semiconductors, which in turn depends on end-user demand for electronic products. Each of Applied’s businesses is subject to cyclical industry conditions, as demand for manufacturing equipment and services can change depending on supply and demand for chips, display technologies, solar PVs and other electronic devices, as well as other factors, such as global economic and market conditions, and the nature and timing of technological advances in fabrication processes. In addition, a significant driver in the semiconductor and display industries is end-demand for mobile consumer products, which is characterized by seasonality that impacts the timing of customer investments in manufacturing equipment and, in turn, Applied's business. In light of these conditions, Applied's results can vary significantly year-over-year, as well as quarter-over-quarter. Applied's strategic priorities for fiscal 2016 include developing products that help solve customers’ challenges at technology inflections; expanding its served market opportunities in the semiconductor and display industries; and growing its services business. On April 26, 2015, Applied and Tokyo Electron Limited (TEL) announced that they had mutually agreed to terminate their previously announced Business Combination Agreement, which was entered into on September 24, 2013 and intended to effect a strategic combination of their respective business into a new combined company. No termination fee was payable by either Applied or TEL. 29 Results of Operations The following table presents certain significant measurements for the past three fiscal years: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change (In millions, except per share amounts and percentages) 456 $ 8,466 9,648 $ $ New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Earnings per diluted share. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-GAAP Adjusted Results . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted gross profit . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-GAAP adjusted gross margin . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . $ Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin. . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted net income. . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-GAAP adjusted earnings per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,104 9,659 3,952 40.9% 1,693 17.5% 1,377 1.12 4,147 42.9% 1,896 19.6% 1,457 1.19 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9,072 3,843 42.4% 1,520 16.8% 1,072 0.87 4,002 44.1% 1,781 19.6% 1,314 1.07 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7,509 2,991 $ $ 587 109 39.8% (1.5) points 432 $ 173 $ $ $ $ 1,182 1,563 852 2.6 points 1,088 5.8% 0.7 points 11.0 points 256 0.21 $ $ 305 0.25 $ 145 3,160 42.1% (1.2) points 1,032 $ 115 13.7% — points 718 0.59 $ $ 143 0.12 $ $ $ $ $ $ 816 0.66 842 2.0 points 749 5.9 points 596 0.48 Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. Fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 each contained 52 weeks. 30 Mobility, and the increasing technological functionality of mobile devices, continues to be the largest drivers of semiconductor industry spending. Fiscal 2015 was characterized by steady demand for semiconductor equipment, with increased investment in technology upgrades and additional capacity by memory customers. Demand from foundry customers reflected investments in new technology at advanced nodes, driven by demand for advanced mobile chips. Mobility represented a significant driver of display industry spending during fiscal 2015, which resulted in continued manufacturing capacity expansion for mobile applications. Demand for larger TVs was also a factor for display industry investments, although demand for TV manufacturing equipment remains susceptible to highly cyclical conditions. Investment in solar equipment remained low during fiscal 2015 due to ongoing excess manufacturing capacity in the industry. Gross margin challenges are expected in the first half of fiscal 2016 primarily due to higher demand for semiconductor equipment from memory customers and mobility display equipment. Applied expects the mobility trend to remain the main growth driver for the semiconductor industry, and in turn for Silicon Systems, in fiscal 2016. Demand in the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry is expected to be driven by foundry and memory spending. Applied also expects semiconductor spares and services, and display equipment investment to remain healthy in fiscal 2016. During fiscal 2014, demand for advanced mobile chips drove demand for semiconductor equipment by foundry customers. In addition, demand for semiconductor equipment from memory customers improved as manufacturers invested in technology upgrades. Mobility and demand for larger TVs drove investment in display equipment during fiscal 2014. Investment in solar equipment remained low during fiscal 2014, despite continued end-market growth, due to excess manufacturing capacity in the industry. Fiscal 2013 was characterized by strong demand for semiconductor equipment from foundry customers driven by demand for advanced mobile chips. In the second half of fiscal 2013, demand from foundry customers softened, while demand from memory and logic customers improved. Display industry spending during fiscal 2013 reflected strong demand for mobile display equipment, as well as a recovery in demand for TV manufacturing equipment compared to weak industry levels in fiscal 2012. Investment in solar equipment remained low during fiscal 2013 due to continued excess manufacturing capacity in the industry. 31 New Orders New orders by reportable segment for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Silicon Systems . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,581 2,653 717 Energy and Environmental Solutions 153 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,104 $ 6,132 (In millions, except percentages) 64% 5,507 65% $ 2,433 845 25% 9% 2,090 703 25% 8% 238 2% 166 2% 65% 26% 7% 2% 100% $ 9,648 100% $ 8,466 100% 7% 9% (15)% (36)% 5% 11% 16% 20% 43% 14% New orders for fiscal 2015 slightly increased from fiscal 2014 due to higher demand for semiconductor equipment, and semiconductor spares and services, partially offset by lower demand for display and solar equipment. New orders for Silicon Systems and Applied Global Services continued to comprise the majority of Applied's consolidated total new orders. New orders increased in fiscal 2014 from fiscal 2013 across all segments, primarily due to higher demand for semiconductor equipment, semiconductor spares and services, and display equipment. New orders by geographic region for each fiscal year, determined by the product shipment destination specified by the customer, were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific . . . . . . . . . United States . . . . . . . . . 2,808 1,472 1,709 1,786 430 8,205 1,323 Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,104 $ 2,740 1,517 1,086 1,031 412 6,786 2,200 662 (In millions, except percentages) 28% 16% 11% 11% 4% 70% 23% 7% $ 2,885 1,339 915 822 351 6,312 1,419 735 34% 16% 11% 10% 4% 75% 17% 8% 28% 14% 17% 18% 4% 81% 13% 6% 100% $ 9,648 100% $ 8,466 100% 2% (3)% 57% 73% 4% 21% (40)% (13)% 5% (5)% 13% 19% 25% 17% 8% 55% (10)% 14% The changes in new orders from customers in Korea, Japan, the United States and Europe in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014, and changes in new orders from customers in the United States, Japan, Taiwan and Korea for fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013, primarily reflected changes in customer mix for the Silicon Systems segment. The increase in new orders in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 from China resulted from increased demand from display manufacturing equipment. 32 Changes in backlog during each fiscal year were as follows: Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 (In millions) 2,917 $ 10,104 (9,659) (220) 3,142 $ 2,372 9,648 (9,072) (31) 2,917 Backlog consists of: (1) orders for which written authorizations have been accepted and assigned shipment dates are within the next 12 months, or shipment has occurred but revenue has not been recognized; and (2) contractual service revenue and maintenance fees to be earned within the next 12 months. Applied’s backlog at any particular time is not necessarily indicative of actual sales for any future periods, due to the potential for customer changes in delivery schedules or cancellation of orders. Approximately 70 percent of the backlog as of the end of fiscal 2015 is anticipated to be shipped within the first two quarters of fiscal 2016. Applied’s backlog was $3.1 billion at October 25, 2015 compared to $2.9 billion at October 26, 2014. Backlog adjustments were negative for fiscal 2015 and totaled $220 million, primarily consisting of order cancellations, unfavorable foreign currency impacts and other adjustments. Backlog by reportable segment as of the end of each fiscal year was as follows: 2015 2014 Change 2015 over 2014 Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,720 Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 525 85 Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,142 (In millions, except percentages) $ 1,400 48% 55% 26% 16% 3% 100% 775 593 149 $ 2,917 27% 20% 5% 100% 23% 5% (11)% (43)% 8% Total backlog increased in fiscal 2015 from fiscal 2014 primarily due to increases in demand from memory customers and for semiconductor spares and services, which was partially offset by lower demand for display and solar manufacturing equipment. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 approximately 55 percent of net sales in Silicon Systems, Applied’s largest business segment, were for orders received and shipped within the quarter, up from 44 percent in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. 33 Net Sales Net sales by reportable segment for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (In millions, except percentages) 6,135 2,531 780 64% 26% 8% $ 5,978 2,200 615 66% 24% 7% $ 4,775 2,023 538 64% 27% 7% 213 2% 279 3% 173 2% 9,659 100% $ 9,072 100% $ 7,509 100% 3% 15% 27% (24)% 6% 25% 9% 14% 61% 21% Net sales increased in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 primarily due to greater customer investments in semiconductor equipment, semiconductor spares and services, 200mm equipment systems and display equipment. The Silicon Systems segment remains the largest contributor of net sales. Net sales for all segments increased in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013. The increase primarily reflected increased customer investments in semiconductor and display equipment, as well as semiconductor spares and services. Net sales by geographic region for each fiscal year, determined by the location of customers' facilities to which products were shipped, were as follows: 2015(1) 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southeast Asia. . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific. . . . . . . . . . United States . . . . . . . . . . Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,600 1,623 1,654 1,078 432 7,387 1,630 642 9,659 $ 27% 17% 17% 11% 4% 76% 17% 7% 100% $ (In millions, except percentages) $ 30% 18% 10% 9% 4% 71% 22% 7% 100% $ 2,640 787 924 685 320 5,356 1,473 680 7,509 35% 11% 12% 9% 4% 71% 20% 9% 100% 2,702 1,608 965 817 356 6,448 1,966 658 9,072 (4)% 1% 71% 32% 21% 15% (17)% (2)% 6% 2% 104% 4% 19% 11% 20% 33% (3)% 21% (1) Amount of net sales attributed to each geographic region differ from those included in Applied’s press release issued on November 12, 2015. These reclassifications did not affect Applied’s previously announced financial results as total net sales remain unchanged. The changes in net sales from customers in Korea, Japan and Taiwan in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 primarily reflected changes in customer mix for semiconductor equipment. The decrease in net sales from customers in the United States was due to lower customer spending on semiconductor equipment, partially offset by increased spending on semiconductor spares and services, and 200mm equipment. Net sales from customers in China increased for fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 primarily due to greater investments in semiconductor, display and solar manufacturing equipment, while net sales from customers in the United States increased due to higher investments in semiconductor equipment. 34 Gross Margin Gross profit and gross margin for each fiscal year were as follows: Gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Results. . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted gross profit . . . . . . . . . $ Non-GAAP adjusted gross margin. . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 (In millions, except percentages) 3,952 $ 3,843 $ 2,991 $ 109 $ 852 40.9% 42.4% 39.8% (1.5) points 2.6 points Change 4,147 $ 4,002 $ 3,160 $ 145 $ 842 42.9% 44.1% 42.1% (1.2) points 2.0 points Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. Gross profit and non-GAAP adjusted gross profit in fiscal 2015 increased compared to fiscal 2014, primarily due to higher net sales, while gross margin and non-GAAP adjusted gross margin decreased primarily due to unfavorable changes in product mix and the absence of a recovery of a regional customs duty assessment charge recorded in fiscal 2014. Gross profit and gross margin and non-GAAP adjusted gross profit and non-GAAP adjusted gross margin increased in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 primarily reflecting higher net sales, the recovery of a regional customs duty assessment charge recorded in fiscal 2013, sales of display and solar tools that had been previously written down, lower manufacturing costs and change in product mix. Gross profit and non-GAAP adjusted gross profit during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $57 million, $53 million and $50 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense. Research, Development and Engineering Research, development and engineering (RD&E) expenses for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Research, development and engineering . . . $ 1,451 $ 1,428 $ (In millions) $ 1,320 23 $ 108 Applied’s future operating results depend to a considerable extent on its ability to maintain a competitive advantage in the equipment and service products it provides. Development cycles range from 12 to 36 months depending on whether the product is an enhancement of an existing product, which typically has a shorter development cycle, or a new product, which typically has a longer development cycle. Most of Applied’s existing products resulted from internal development activities and innovations involving new technologies, materials and processes. In certain instances, Applied acquires technologies, either in existing or new product areas, to complement its existing technology capabilities and to reduce time to market. Management believes that it is critical to continue to make substantial investments in RD&E to assure the availability of innovative technology that meets the current and projected requirements of its customers’ most advanced designs. Applied has maintained and intends to continue its commitment to investing in RD&E in order to continue to offer new products and technologies. In fiscal 2015, Applied increased its investments in new product growth in etch, chemical vapor deposition, high throughput atomic layer deposition, and next generation inspection technology. Applied’s investments in etch and chemical vapor deposition were focused on supporting the adoption of the etch Centris Sym 3 product and customer ramps of 3D NAND technology. Applied's investment in atomic layer deposition is yielding products to address customer needs for future nodes, and investments in inspection include a new e-beam inspection platform and improved brightfield capabilities. RD&E expenses increased in fiscal 2015 compared to the prior year and also in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013, reflecting the impact of ongoing product development initiatives. As part of its growth strategy, Applied continued to reprioritize existing spend, to enable increased funding for investments in technical capabilities and critical RD&E programs in current and new markets, with a focus on semiconductor technologies. RD&E expense during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $69 million, $66 million and $53 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense. 35 Marketing and Selling Marketing and selling expenses for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Marketing and selling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 428 $ 423 $ (In millions) $ 433 5 $ (10) Marketing and selling expenses remained relatively flat in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 due to continued cost management efforts. The decrease in marketing and selling expenses for fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 was mainly due to headcount reductions. Marketing and selling expenses during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $26 million, $23 million and $20 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense. General and Administrative General and administrative expenses for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change General and administrative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 455 $ 497 $ (In millions) $ 458 (42) $ 39 General and administrative (G&A) expenses for fiscal 2015 decreased compared to fiscal 2014 primarily due to lower acquisition-related and integration costs related to the terminated business combination with TEL, which was terminated in April 2015, and continued cost management efforts. G&A expenses for fiscal 2014 increased compared to fiscal 2013 primarily due to integration planning costs associated with the terminated business combination with TEL, partially offset by proceeds from a favorable litigation outcome. G&A expenses during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $35 million, $35 million and $34 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense. Loss (Gain) on Derivatives Associated with Terminated Business Combination 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change (In millions) Loss (gain) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination . . . . . . . . . $ (89) $ (30) $ 7 $ (59) $ (37) Changes in gain or loss on derivatives associated with the terminated business combination with TEL resulted from the sale of derivative contracts and exchange rate fluctuations. Due to the termination of the proposed business combination, the derivatives were sold during the third quarter of fiscal 2015. For further details, see Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 and 2014, Applied performed a qualitative assessment to test goodwill for all of its reporting units for impairment. Applied determined that it was more likely than not that each of its reporting units' fair values exceeded its respective carrying values and that it was not necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test for any of its reporting units. During fiscal 2013, the solar industry faced continued deterioration in market conditions associated with manufacturing overcapacity and weak operating performance and outlook, resulting in uncertainties regarding the timing and nature of a recovery in solar capital equipment expenditures. Applied performed a two-step goodwill impairment test and, as a result, recorded $224 million of goodwill impairment charges in its Energy and Environmental Solutions segment in fiscal 2013. Applied also recorded a $54 million impairment charge related to intangible assets in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment in fiscal 2013. The evaluation of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment requires the exercise of significant judgment. In the event of future changes in business conditions, Applied will reassess and update its forecasts and estimates used in future impairment analyses. If the results of these analyses are lower than current estimates, a material impairment charge may result at that time. For further details, see Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 36 Restructuring and Asset Impairments Restructuring and asset impairment expenses for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Restructuring and asset impairments, net . . . $ 14 $ 5 $ (In millions) $ 63 9 $ (58) The increase in restructuring and asset impairments, net for fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 was primarily due to the cost reduction measures in the solar business taken during fiscal 2015 to achieve a lower break-even level and improve business performance. The decrease in restructuring and asset impairments, net for fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 was due to completion of the principal activities for the previously announced restructuring plans. Also in fiscal 2013, Applied incurred $2 million of severance and other employee-related costs in connection with the integration of Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. On October 3, 2012, Applied announced a restructuring plan (the 2012 Global Restructuring Plan) to realign its global workforce and enhance its ability to invest for growth. Under this plan, Applied implemented a voluntary retirement program and other workforce reduction actions that affected approximately 1,300 positions. As of January 26, 2014, principal activities related to this plan were complete. During fiscal 2014 and 2013, Applied recognized $5 million and $39 million, respectively, of employee- related costs in connection with the 2012 Global Restructuring Plan. Total costs incurred in implementing this plan were $150 million, none of which were allocated to the operating segments. On May 10, 2012, Applied announced a plan (the 2012 EES Restructuring Plan) to restructure its Energy and Environmental Solutions segment in light of challenging industry conditions affecting the solar photovoltaic and light-emitting diode (LED) equipment markets. Total costs incurred in implementing this plan were $87 million, of which $13 million were inventory-related charges. During fiscal 2015, Applied recorded a favorable adjustment of $2 million associated with restructuring reserves under this program. During fiscal 2013, Applied recognized $26 million, of restructuring and asset impairment charges in connection with the 2012 EES Restructuring Plan. These costs were reported in the Energy and Environmental Solutions and Applied Global Services segments. For further details, see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Interest Expense and Interest and Other Income, net Interest expense and interest and other income, net for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Interest and other income, net. . . . . . . . . . . . $ 103 8 $ $ 95 23 $ $ (In millions) $ 95 $ 13 $ 8 (15) $ — 10 Interest expenses incurred during the past three fiscal years were primarily associated with senior unsecured notes that were issued in June 2011 to fund a portion of the consideration and certain costs associated with the acquisition of Varian. Interest expense for fiscal 2015 increased compared to fiscal 2014 due to the issuance of senior unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1.8 billion in September 2015. Interest expense remained flat during fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013. Interest income primarily includes interest earned on cash and investments and realized gains on sale of securities. Interest and other income, net, decreased in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 primarily due to lower realized gains on sales of strategic investments in fiscal 2015. Interest and other income, net, increased in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 primarily due to an increase in realized gains on sales of securities recorded during fiscal 2014, partially offset by increased impairments of strategic investments. 37 Income Taxes The provision for income taxes and effective tax rates for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change (In millions, except percentages) Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Effective income tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 221 13.8% $ 376 26.0% 94 $ (155) $ 282 26.9% (12.2) points (0.9) points Applied’s effective tax rate is affected by the geographical composition of income, which includes jurisdictions with income tax incentives and differing tax rates. It is also affected by events that are not consistent from period to period, such as changes in income tax laws and regulations and the resolution of income tax filings. The effective tax rate for fiscal 2015 was lower than the rate for fiscal 2014 primarily due to acquisition costs that became deductible in the second quarter of fiscal 2015 as a result of the termination of the proposed business combination with TEL, an adjustment in the second quarter of fiscal 2015 to correct an error in the recognition of cost of sales in the U.S. related to intercompany sales, reinstatement of the U.S. federal research and development tax credit during the first quarter of fiscal 2015 which was retroactive to its expiration in December 2013, resolutions and changes related to income tax liabilities for prior years, and changes in the geographical composition of income. The effective tax rate for fiscal 2014 was lower than the rate for fiscal 2013 due primarily to nondeductible goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2013, offset by resolutions and changes related to prior years and expiration of the U.S. federal research and development tax credit. 38 Segment Information Applied reports financial results in four segments: Silicon Systems, Applied Global Services, Display, and Energy and Environmental Solutions. A description of the products and services, as well as financial data, for each reportable segment can be found in Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments certain operating expenses that it manages separately at the corporate level. These unallocated costs include costs for share-based compensation; certain management, finance, legal, human resource, and RD&E functions provided at the corporate level; and unabsorbed information technology and occupancy. In addition, Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments restructuring and asset impairment charges and any associated adjustments related to restructuring actions, unless these actions pertain to a specific reportable segment. The results for each reportable segment are discussed below. Silicon Systems Segment The Silicon Systems segment includes semiconductor capital equipment for deposition, etch, ion implantation, rapid thermal processing, chemical mechanical planarization, metrology and inspection, and wafer packaging. Development efforts are focused on solving customers' key technical challenges in transistor, patterning, interconnect and packaging performance as devices scale to advanced technology nodes. The mobility trend remains the largest influence on industry spending, as it drives device manufacturers to continually improve their ability to deliver high-performance, low-power processors and affordable solid-state storage in a small form factor. The competitive environment for Silicon Systems in fiscal 2015 reflected continued investment by semiconductor manufacturers. Memory manufacturers increased investments in technology upgrades and additional capacity. Foundry investments reflected demand for new technology as customers ramp wafer starts at advanced nodes to meet demand for advanced mobile chips, but decreased primarily due to customers managing excess inventory, improving yields and re-using equipment. Certain significant measures for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book to bill ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Results Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,581 6,135 1.1 1,410 $ 6,132 5,978 1.0 1,391 (In millions, except percentages and ratios) $ 5,507 449 7% $ 4,775 1.2 876 157 19 3% 1% $ 625 1,203 11% 25% 515 59% 23.0% 23.3% 18.3% (0.3) points 5.0 points 1,588 1,565 $ 1,050 23 1% 515 49% 25.9% 26.2% 22.0% (0.3) points 4.2 points Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. The composition of new orders for Silicon Systems by end use application for the past three fiscal years was as follows: Foundry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logic and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 34% 53% 13% 100% 2014 52% 35% 13% 100% 2013 58% 27% 15% 100% 39 One region accounted for at least 30 percent of total net sales for the Silicon Systems segment for one or more of the past three fiscal years: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,982 $ 2,186 $ (In millions, except percentages) 2,171 (204) $ (9)% $ 15 1% Customers in Taiwan accounted for 32 percent, 37 percent and 45 percent of total net sales for Silicon Systems in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Customers in the United States, China and Korea together contributed 47 percent, 47 percent and 37 percent of the total net sales for this segment in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Financial results in the Silicon Systems segment for fiscal 2015 reflected continued wafer fabrication equipment spending in the semiconductor industry. The increase in new orders and net sales in fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014 primarily reflected increased demand and spending from memory customers, partially offset by lower demand and spending from foundry customers. Two customers accounted for approximately 41 percent of net sales and three customers accounted for 53 percent of new orders in this segment in fiscal 2015. Operating income and non-GAAP adjusted operating income for fiscal 2015 increased compared to fiscal 2014, reflecting the increase in net sales, partially offset by changes in product mix and higher research and development expenses. The increase in new orders and net sales in fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 primarily reflected increased demand and spending from memory customers, as well as continued demand from foundry customers. Three customers accounted for approximately 54 percent of net sales and three customers accounted for 75 percent of new orders in this segment in fiscal 2014. Operating income and non-GAAP adjusted operating income for fiscal 2014 increased compared to fiscal 2013, reflecting the increase in net sales, partially offset by changes in product mix and higher research and development expenses. Applied Global Services Segment The Applied Global Services segment encompasses integrated solutions to optimize equipment and fab performance and productivity, including spares, upgrades, services, remanufactured earlier generation equipment and factory automation software for semiconductor, display and solar products. Customer demand for products and services is fulfilled through a global distribution system with trained service engineers located in close proximity to customer sites. Industry conditions that affected Applied Global Services' sales of spares and services during fiscal 2015 were principally semiconductor manufacturers' wafer starts, as well as utilization rates. Certain significant measures for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book to bill ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Results Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In millions, except percentages and ratios) $ $ 220 331 9% 15% $ 2,653 2,531 1.0 664 26.2% 2,433 2,200 1.1 573 26.0% 2,090 2,023 1.0 436 21.6% $ 343 177 137 16% 9% 31% 4.4 points 91 16% 0.2 points 667 576 443 91 16% 133 30% 26.4% 26.2% 21.9% 0.2 points 4.3 points Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. There were no individual regions that accounted for at least 30 percent of total net sales for the Applied Global Services segment for any of the past three fiscal years. 40 New orders and net sales for fiscal 2015 increased compared to fiscal 2014 mainly due to higher demand for semiconductor spares and services, and 200mm equipment systems. Operating income, operating margin, non-GAAP adjusted operating income, and non-GAAP adjusted operating margin increased in fiscal 2015 compared fiscal 2014, reflecting the increase in net sales, which was partially offset by unfavorable product mix and the absence of a recovery of a regional customs duty assessment charge recorded in fiscal 2014. New orders and net sales for fiscal 2014 increased compared to fiscal 2013 mainly due to increased demand for semiconductor spares and services, as well as 200mm equipment systems and equipment upgrades. Operating income and non-GAAP adjusted operating income increased in fiscal 2014 compared to the prior year, reflecting the increase in net sales as well as the recovery of a regional customs duty assessment charge recorded in fiscal 2013. Display Segment The Display segment encompasses products for manufacturing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and other display technologies for TVs, personal computers (PCs), tablets, smart phones, and other consumer-oriented devices. The segment is focused on expanding its presence through technologically-differentiated equipment for manufacturing large-scale TVs; new markets such as low temperature polysilicon (LTPS), metal oxide, and touch panel sectors; and development of products that enable cost reductions through productivity and uniformity. Display industry growth depends primarily on consumer demand for increasingly larger and more advanced LCD TVs and high resolution displays for next generation mobile devices. The market environment for Applied's Display segment in fiscal 2015 has been characterized by continued demand for manufacturing equipment for TV and high-end mobile devices, although this sector remains susceptible to highly cyclical conditions. Uneven order and revenue patterns in the Display segment can cause significant fluctuations quarter-over-quarter, as well as year-over year. Certain significant measures for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book to bill ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Results Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In millions, except percentages and ratios) $ $ (128) 165 (15)% 27% $ 717 780 0.9 156 20.0% 845 615 1.4 129 21.0% 703 538 1.3 74 13.8% $ 142 77 55 20% 14% 74% 7.2 points 27 21% (1.0) points 158 131 $ 80 27 21% 51 64% 20.3% 21.3% 14.9% (1.0) points 6.4 points Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. 41 The following regions accounted for at least 30 percent of total net sales for the Display segment for one or more of the past three fiscal years: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change (In millions, except percentages) China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Korea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 587 140 $ $ 491 99 $ $ 260 175 $ $ 96 41 20% 41% $ $ 231 (76) 89% (43)% In fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, customers in China accounted for 75 percent, 80 percent and 48 percent, respectively, of the Display segment's total net sales. Customers in Korea accounted for 18 percent, 16 percent and 32 percent of total net sales for the Display segment in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in net sales from customers in China reflected TV manufacturing capacity expansion, while the increase in net sales from customers in Korea increasingly related to sales of mobile display manufacturing equipment. New orders for fiscal 2015 decreased compared to fiscal 2014 primarily due to lower TV manufacturing equipment orders, while net sales for fiscal 2015 were higher due to the timing of shipments. Operating income and non-GAAP adjusted operating income increased for fiscal 2015 from fiscal 2014, reflecting higher net sales. Operating margin and non-GAAP adjusted operating margin decreased, despite the increase in net sales, primarily due to unfavorable product mix, increased research and development expenses and the sale of tools in fiscal 2014 for which inventory had been previously fully reserved. Four customers accounted for approximately 65 percent of new orders for the Display segment in fiscal 2015, with two customers accounting for approximately 37 percent of new orders. Four customers accounted for approximately 79 percent of net sales for this segment in fiscal 2015, with two customers accounting for approximately 46 percent of net sales. New orders and net sales for fiscal 2014 increased compared to fiscal 2013, reflecting strong TV manufacturing capacity expansions. Operating income and non-GAAP adjusted operating income increased over the prior year, due primarily to higher net sales, sales of tools for which inventory had been written down previously, better installation and warranty performance, and material and manufacturing cost reductions, partially offset by increased research and development expenses. Four customers accounted for approximately 87 percent of new orders for the Display segment in fiscal 2014, with two customers accounting for approximately 50 percent of new orders. Four customers accounted for approximately 77 percent of net sales for this segment in fiscal 2014, with one customer accounting for approximately 40 percent of net sales. 42 Energy and Environmental Solutions Segment The Energy and Environmental Solutions segment includes products for fabricating crystalline-silicon (c-Si) solar PV wafers and cells, as well as high throughput roll-to-roll deposition equipment for flexible electronics, packaging and other applications. While end-demand for solar PVs has been robust over the last several years, investment in capital equipment has remained low as global PV production capacity exceeds anticipated demand. Certain significant measures for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change New orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book to bill ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income (loss). . . . . . . . Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Results Non-GAAP adjusted operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In millions, except percentages and ratios) $ (36)% 166 $ (85) (66) (24)% $ 72 106 43% 61% $ 153 213 0.7 (61) 238 279 0.9 15 173 1.0 (433) (76) (507)% 448 103% (28.6)% 5.4% (250.3)% (34.0) points 255.7 points (10) 21 (115) (31) (148)% 136 118% (4.7)% 7.5% (66.5)% (12.2) points 74.0 points Reconciliations of non-GAAP adjusted measures are presented under "Non-GAAP Adjusted Results" below. The following regions accounted for at least 30 percent of total net sales for the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment for one or more of these recent fiscal periods: 2015 2014 2013 2015 over 2014 2014 over 2013 Change (In millions, except percentages) China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 71 $ 173 $ 100 $ (102) (59)% $ 73 73% In fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, customers in China accounted for 33 percent, 62 percent and 58 percent, respectively, of total net sales for the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment. Financial results during fiscal 2015 remained at low levels due to continued excess manufacturing capacity in the solar industry, which resulted in low levels of new orders and net sales, and consequently an operating loss for the segment. Two customers accounted for approximately 20 percent of net sales for this segment during fiscal 2015. Operating loss for fiscal 2015 included $17 million in restructuring charges and asset impairments and $32 million of inventory charges recorded in cost of products sold, related to cost reduction measures taken in the third quarter of fiscal 2015. Details on restructuring charges and asset impairments are included in Note 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. New orders and net sales for fiscal 2014 increased compared to fiscal 2013 but remained at low levels, reflecting excess manufacturing capacity in the solar industry. One customer accounted for approximately 23 percent of net sales for this segment during fiscal 2014. Operating margin and non-GAAP adjusted operating margin increased for fiscal 2014 compared to prior year, reflecting increased net sales, lower inventory charges, sales of solar tools that were written down previously and continued cost reduction measures, proceeds from a favorable litigation outcome, and spending controls. 43 Business Combinations Tokyo Electron Limited On September 24, 2013, Applied and TEL entered into a Business Combination Agreement, which was intended to effect a strategic combination of their respective businesses into a new combined company, and was subject to regulatory approvals. On April 26, 2015, Applied and TEL announced that they had mutually agreed to terminate the Business Combination Agreement. No termination fee was payable by either Applied or TEL. Recent Accounting Pronouncements For a description of recent accounting pronouncements, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on Applied's consolidated financial statements, see Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 44 Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources Applied’s cash, cash equivalents and investments increased to $5.9 billion at October 25, 2015 from $4.1 billion at October 26, 2014. Cash, cash equivalents and investments consisted of the following: Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Short-term investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total cash, cash-equivalents and investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 4,797 168 946 5,911 $ $ 3,002 160 935 4,097 Sources and Uses of Cash A summary of cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities was as follows: Cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash provided by (used in) investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Operating Activities 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 1,163 $ (281) $ $ 913 1,800 $ (161) $ (348) $ 623 215 (519) Cash from operating activities for fiscal 2015 was $1.2 billion, which reflects net income adjusted for the effect of non-cash charges and changes in working capital components. Non-cash charges included depreciation, amortization, share-based compensation, restructuring and asset impairments and deferred income taxes. The primary drivers of the decrease in cash from operating activities from fiscal 2014 to fiscal 2015 were the increases in inventories and deferred income taxes and decreases in accounts payable, accrued expenses, customer deposits, deferred revenue and income taxes payable, partially offset by higher net income. The increase in cash from operating activities from fiscal 2013 to fiscal 2014 was primarily due to higher business volume and improved working capital performance. Applied did not utilize programs to discount letters of credit issued by customers in fiscal 2015 and 2013. Applied discounted $29 million of letters of credit issued by customers in fiscal 2014. Discounting of letters of credit depends on many factors, including the willingness of financial institutions to discount the letters of credit and the cost of such arrangements. Applied did not factor accounts receivable nor discounted promissory notes in fiscal 2015 and 2013. Applied factored accounts receivable and discounted promissory notes of $45 million in fiscal 2014. Applied’s working capital was $5.5 billion at October 25, 2015 and $4.1 billion at October 26, 2014. Days sales, inventory and payable outstanding at the end of each of the periods indicated were: Days sales outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Days inventory outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Days payable outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 67 118 42 2014 67 109 43 2013 75 108 44 Days sales outstanding varies due to the timing of shipments and the payment terms. Days sales outstanding remained flat at the end of fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014. The decrease for fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013 was primarily due to an increase in revenue and better linearity. Days inventory outstanding increased at the end of fiscal 2015 reflecting higher inventory near the end of the period due to increase in deferred inventory and more builds as compared to revenue turns. Days inventory outstanding remained flat in fiscal 2014 and 2013. Days payable outstanding remained relatively flat in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013. 45 Investing Activities Applied used $281 million of cash in investing activities in fiscal 2015 and $161 million in fiscal 2014. Applied generated $215 million in cash from investing activities in fiscal 2013. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $215 million, $241 million and $197 million, respectively. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2015 were primarily for demonstration and test equipment and laboratory tools in North America. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2014 were primarily for demonstration and test equipment and infrastructure improvements in North America, including creation of a new pilot operation facility and distribution center. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2013 were primarily for demonstration and test equipment as well as laboratory tools and equipment upgrades in North America. Purchases of investments, net of proceeds from sales and maturities of investments was $62 million for fiscal 2015 and proceeds from sales and maturities of investments, net of purchases of investments totaled $67 million and $406 million in fiscal 2014 and 2013, respectively. Investing activities also included investments in technology to allow Applied to access new market opportunities or emerging technologies. Applied’s investment portfolio consists principally of investment grade money market mutual funds, U.S. Treasury and agency securities, municipal bonds, corporate bonds and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, as well as equity securities. Applied regularly monitors the credit risk in its investment portfolio and takes appropriate measures, which may include the sale of certain securities, to manage such risks prudently in accordance with its investment policies. Financing Activities Applied generated $913 million of cash from financing activities in fiscal 2015, consisting primarily of net proceeds received from the issuance of senior unsecured notes of $1.8 billion and short-term borrowings by a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary of $800 million, offset by cash used for repurchases of its common stock of $1.3 billion and payment of cash dividends of $487 million. Applied used cash in financing activities in fiscal 2014 and 2013 of $348 million and $519 million, respectively, which included payment of cash dividends to stockholders and issuances of common stock. Applied made no repurchases of its common stock in fiscal 2014 and used cash to repurchase shares of its common stock in fiscal 2013 of $245 million. On April 26, 2015, Applied's Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program authorizing up to $3.0 billion in repurchases over the three years ending April 2018. At October 25, 2015, $1.7 billion remained available for future stock repurchases under this repurchase program. Applied's prior stock repurchase program ended in March 2015. Proceeds from stock issuances under equity compensation awards and related excess tax benefits in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $144 million, $137 million and $182 million, respectively. During each of fiscal 2015 and 2014, Applied’s Board of Directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share. During fiscal 2013, Applied’s Board of Directors declared three quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share and one quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share. Cash paid in dividends during fiscal 2015, 2014 and fiscal 2013 amounted to $487 million, $485 million and $456 million, respectively. Applied currently anticipates that cash dividends will continue to be paid on a quarterly basis, although the declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on Applied’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination by the Board of Directors that cash dividends are in the best interests of Applied’s stockholders. Applied has credit facilities for unsecured borrowings in various currencies of up to $1.6 billion. In September 2015, Applied entered into a $1.5 billion committed revolving credit agreement with a group of banks that is scheduled to expire in September 2020. This credit agreement provides for borrowings in United States dollars at interest rates keyed to one of various benchmark rates selected by Applied for each advance, plus a margin based on Applied's public debt rating, and includes financial and other covenants with which Applied was in compliance at October 25, 2015. Remaining credit facilities in the amount of approximately $67 million are with Japanese banks. Applied’s ability to borrow under these facilities is subject to bank approval at the time of the borrowing request, and any advances will be at rates indexed to the banks’ prime reference rate denominated in Japanese yen. No amounts were outstanding under any of these facilities at both October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, and Applied has not utilized these credit facilities. In fiscal 2011, Applied established a short-term commercial paper program of up to $1.5 billion. At October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, Applied did not have any commercial paper outstanding, but may issue commercial paper notes under this program from time to time in the future. In September 2015, Applied issued senior unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1.8 billion. The indenture governing the notes includes certain covenants with which Applied was in compliance at October 25, 2015. In November 2015, Applied completed the redemption of the entire outstanding $400 million in principal amount of senior notes due in 2016. The redemption price was $405 million, and after adjusting for the carrying value of the debt issuance costs and discounts, Applied recorded a $5 million loss on the prepayment of the $400 million debt, which will be included in non-operating loss in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the first quarter of fiscal 2016. See Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of long-term debt. In October 2015, a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary of Applied entered into a short- term loan agreement, guaranteed by Applied, under which it borrowed $800 million to facilitate the return of capital to Applied. 46 Others During fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, Applied did not record any additional bad debt provision but released $9 million, $16 million and $13 million, respectively, of its allowance for doubtful accounts as a result of an overall lower risk profile of Applied's customers. While Applied believes that its allowance for doubtful accounts at October 25, 2015 is adequate, it will continue to closely monitor customer liquidity and economic conditions. As of October 25, 2015, approximately $2.7 billion of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities held by foreign subsidiaries may be subject to U.S. taxes if repatriated for U.S. operations. Of this amount, Applied intends to indefinitely reinvest approximately $2.3 billion of these funds outside of the U.S. and does not plan to repatriate these funds. For the remaining cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities held by foreign subsidiaries, U.S. taxes have been provided for in the financial statements. Although cash requirements will fluctuate based on the timing and extent of factors such as those discussed above, Applied’s management believes that cash generated from operations, together with the liquidity provided by existing cash balances and borrowing capability, will be sufficient to satisfy Applied’s liquidity requirements for the next 12 months. For further details regarding Applied’s operating, investing and financing activities, see the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in this report. For details on standby letters of credit and other agreements with banks, see Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements below. 47 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements In the ordinary course of business, Applied provides standby letters of credit or other guarantee instruments to third parties as required for certain transactions initiated by either Applied or its subsidiaries. As of October 25, 2015, the maximum potential amount of future payments that Applied could be required to make under these guarantee agreements was approximately $58 million. Applied has not recorded any liability in connection with these guarantee agreements beyond that required to appropriately account for the underlying transaction being guaranteed. Applied does not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid under these guarantee agreements. Applied also has agreements with various banks to facilitate subsidiary banking operations worldwide, including overdraft arrangements, issuance of bank guarantees, and letters of credit. As of October 25, 2015, Applied Materials Inc. has provided parent guarantees to banks for approximately $100 million to cover these arrangements. Applied also has operating leases for various facilities. Total rent expense for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $32 million, $37 million and $36 million, respectively. Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes Applied’s contractual obligations as of October 25, 2015: Contractual Obligations Debt obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Interest expense associated with debt obligations . . . Operating lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase obligations1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long-term liabilities2,3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total $ Payments Due by Period Total Less Than 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More Than 5 Years $ 4,550 2,010 61 1,275 20 1,200 164 25 1,235 — $ (In millions) 200 286 24 $ 40 5 $ 600 272 8 — 2 2,550 1,288 4 — 13 7,916 $ 2,624 $ 555 $ 882 $ 3,855 ______________________ 1 Represents Applied’s agreements to purchase goods and services consisting of Applied’s outstanding purchase orders for goods and services. 2 Other long-term liabilities in the table do not include pension, post-retirement and deferred compensation plans due to the uncertainty in the timing of future payments. Applied evaluates the need to make contributions to its pension and post-retirement benefit plans after considering the funded status of the plans, movements in the discount rate, performance of the plan assets and related tax consequences. Payments to the plans would be dependent on these factors and could vary across a wide range of amounts and time periods. Payments for deferred compensation plans are dependent on activity by participants, making the timing of payments uncertain. Information on Applied’s pension, post-retirement benefit and deferred compensation plans is presented in Note 13, Employee Benefit Plans, of the consolidated financial statements. 3 Other long-term liabilities in the table do not include noncurrent income taxes payable, noncurrent deferred income taxes payable and certain tax-related liabilities classified as other noncurrent liabilities on the balance sheet, due to the uncertainty in the timing and amount of future payments. As of October 25, 2015, the gross liability for unrecognized tax benefits that was not expected to result in payment of cash within one year was $177 million. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions that were not expected to result in payment of cash within one year of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014 were $14 million and $25 million, respectively. 48 Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported. Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements describes the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Certain of these significant accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies. A critical accounting policy is defined as one that is both material to the presentation of Applied’s consolidated financial statements and that requires management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments that could have a material effect on Applied’s financial condition or results of operations. Specifically, these policies have the following attributes: (1) Applied is required to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time of the estimate; and (2) different estimates Applied could reasonably have used, or changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur, would have a material effect on Applied’s financial condition or results of operations. Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty. Applied bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be applicable and reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates may change as new events occur, as additional information is obtained and as Applied’s operating environment changes. These changes have historically been minor and have been included in the consolidated financial statements as soon as they became known. In addition, management is periodically faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within its control and will not be known for prolonged periods of time. These uncertainties include those discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” Based on a critical assessment of its accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, management believes that Applied’s consolidated financial statements are fairly stated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and provide a meaningful presentation of Applied’s financial condition and results of operations. Management believes that the following are critical accounting policies and estimates: Revenue Recognition Applied recognizes revenue when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; sales price is fixed or determinable; and collectability is probable. Each sale arrangement may contain commercial terms that differ from other arrangements. In addition, Applied frequently enters into contracts that contain multiple deliverables. Judgment is required to properly identify the accounting units of the multiple deliverable transactions and to determine the manner in which revenue should be allocated among the accounting units. Moreover, judgment is used in interpreting the commercial terms and determining when all criteria of revenue recognition have been met in order for revenue recognition to occur in the appropriate accounting period. While changes in the allocation of the estimated sales price between the units of accounting will not affect the amount of total revenue recognized for a particular sales arrangement, any material changes in these allocations could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which could have a material effect on Applied’s financial condition and results of operations. Warranty Costs Applied provides for the estimated cost of warranty when revenue is recognized. Estimated warranty costs are determined by analyzing specific product, current and historical configuration statistics and regional warranty support costs. Applied’s warranty obligation is affected by product and component failure rates, material usage and labor costs incurred in correcting product failures during the warranty period. As Applied’s customer engineers and process support engineers are highly trained and deployed globally, labor availability is a significant factor in determining labor costs. The quantity and availability of critical replacement parts is another significant factor in estimating warranty costs. Unforeseen component failures or exceptional component performance can also result in changes to warranty costs. If actual warranty costs differ substantially from Applied’s estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required, which could have a material adverse effect on Applied’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Applied maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. This allowance is based on historical experience, credit evaluations, specific customer collection history and any customer-specific issues Applied has identified. Changes in circumstances, such as an unexpected material adverse change in a major customer’s ability to meet its financial obligation to Applied or its payment trends, may require Applied to further adjust its estimates of the recoverability of amounts due to Applied, which could have a material adverse effect on Applied’s business, financial condition and results of operations. 49 Inventory Valuation Inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out basis. The carrying value of inventory is reduced for estimated obsolescence by the difference between its cost and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand. Applied evaluates the inventory carrying value for potential excess and obsolete inventory exposures by analyzing historical and anticipated demand. In addition, inventories are evaluated for potential obsolescence due to the effect of known and anticipated engineering change orders and new products. If actual demand were to be substantially lower than estimated, additional adjustments for excess or obsolete inventory may be required, which could have a material adverse effect on Applied’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Applied reviews goodwill and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable, and also annually reviews goodwill and intangibles with indefinite lives for impairment. Intangible assets, such as purchased technology, are generally recorded in connection with a business acquisition. The value assigned to intangible assets is usually based on estimates and judgments regarding expectations for the success and life cycle of products and technology acquired. If actual product acceptance differs significantly from the estimates, Applied may be required to record an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of the reporting unit to its estimated fair value. To test goodwill for impairment, Applied first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If it is concluded that this is the case, Applied then performs the two-step goodwill impairment test. Otherwise, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required. Under the two-step goodwill impairment test, Applied would in the first step compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, Applied would then perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If Applied determines that the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, Applied would record an impairment charge equal to the difference. Applied determines the fair value of each reporting unit based on a weighting of an income and a market approach. Applied bases the fair value estimates on assumptions that it believes to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Under the income approach, Applied estimates the fair value based on discounted cash flow method. The estimates used in the impairment testing are consistent with the discrete forecasts that Applied uses to manage its business, and considers any significant developments during the period. Under the discounted cash flow method, cash flows beyond the discrete forecasts are estimated using a terminal growth rate, which considers the long-term earnings growth rate specific to the reporting units. The estimated future cash flows are discounted to present value using each reporting unit's weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost of capital measures a reporting unit's cost of debt and equity financing weighted by the percentage of debt and equity in a reporting unit's target capital structure. In addition, the weighted average cost of capital is derived using both known and estimated market metrics, and is adjusted to reflect both the timing and risks associated with the estimated cash flows. The tax rate used in the discounted cash flow method is the median tax rate of comparable companies and reflects Applied's current international structure, which is consistent with the market participant perspective. Under the market approach, Applied uses the guideline company method which applies market multiples to forecasted revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Applied uses market multiples that are consistent with comparable publicly-traded companies and considers each reporting unit's size, growth and profitability relative to its comparable companies. Management uses significant judgment when assessing goodwill for potential impairment, especially in emerging markets. Indicators of potential impairment include, but are not limited to, challenging economic conditions, an unfavorable industry or economic environment or other severe decline in market conditions. Such conditions could have the effect of changing one of the critical assumptions or estimates used for the fair value calculation, resulting in an unexpected goodwill impairment charge, which could have a material adverse effect on Applied’s business, financial condition and results of operations. See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of goodwill impairment. 50 Income Taxes Applied’s effective tax rate is affected by the geographical composition of income and income tax laws and regulations in multiple jurisdictions. Applied accounts for income taxes by recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities, net operating losses and tax credit carryovers. Deferred tax assets are also reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Management has determined that it is more likely than not that Applied’s future taxable income will be sufficient to realize its deferred tax assets, net of existing valuation allowance. The calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with Applied’s expectations could have a material impact on Applied’s results of operations and financial condition. Non-GAAP Adjusted Results Management uses non-GAAP adjusted results to evaluate operating and financial performance in light of business objectives and for planning purposes. Applied believes these measures enhance investors’ ability to review the Company’s business from the same perspective as management and facilitate comparisons of this period’s results with prior periods. The non-GAAP adjusted results presented below exclude the impact of the following, where applicable: certain items related to acquisitions; restructuring charges and any associated adjustments; impairments of assets, goodwill, or investments; gain or loss on sale of strategic investments or facilities; and certain discrete adjustments and tax items. These non-GAAP adjusted measures are not in accordance with GAAP and may differ from non-GAAP methods of accounting and reporting used by other companies. The presentation of this additional information should not be considered a substitute for results prepared in accordance with GAAP. 51 The following tables present a reconciliation of the GAAP and non-GAAP adjusted consolidated results for the past three fiscal years: APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. UNAUDITED RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP ADJUSTED RESULTS (In millions, except percentages) 2015 2014 2013 Non-GAAP Adjusted Gross Profit Reported gross profit - GAAP basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition integration costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventory charges related to restructuring3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other significant gains, losses or charges, net7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted gross margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Reported operating income - GAAP basis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition integration costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss (gain) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination, net . . . . . Certain items associated with terminated business combination2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, inventory charges and asset impairments3,4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange loss due to functional currency change6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other significant gains, losses or charges, net7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income Reported net income - GAAP basis5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition integration costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss (gain) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination, net . . . . . Certain items associated with terminated business combination2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, inventory charges and asset impairments3,4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange loss due to functional currency change6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other significant gains, losses or charges, net7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment (gain on sale) of strategic investments, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reinstatement of federal R&D tax credit, resolution of prior years’ income tax filings and other tax items5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,952 162 — 35 (2) 4,147 42.9% 1,693 185 2 (89) 50 49 — 19 (13) 1,896 19.6% 1,377 185 2 (89) 50 49 — 19 (13) 4 (110) (17) 1,457 $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,843 158 1 — — 4,002 44.1% 1,520 183 34 (30) 73 5 — — (4) 1,781 19.6% 1,072 183 34 (30) 73 5 — — (4) (9) 28 (38) 1,314 $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,991 166 3 — — 3,160 42.1% 432 201 38 7 17 63 278 — (4) 1,032 13.7% 256 201 38 7 17 63 278 — (4) 1 (37) (102) 718 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 These items are incremental charges attributable to completed acquisitions, consisting of amortization of purchased intangible assets. These items are incremental charges related to the terminated business combination agreement with Tokyo Electron Limited, consisting of acquisition- related and integration planning costs. Results for fiscal 2015 primarily included $35 million of inventory charges, $17 million of restructuring charges and asset impairments related to cost reductions in the solar business, and a $2 million favorable adjustment of restructuring reserves related to prior restructuring plans. Results for fiscal 2013 included $39 million of employee-related costs, net, related to the restructuring program announced on October 3, 2012, and restructuring and asset impairment charges of $26 million related to the restructuring program announced on May 10, 2012, partially offset by a favorable adjustment of $2 million related to other restructuring plans. Amounts for fiscal 2015 included an adjustment to decrease the provision for income taxes by $28 million with a corresponding increase in net income, resulting in an increase in diluted earnings per share of $0.02. The adjustment was excluded in Applied's non-GAAP adjusted results and was made primarily to correct an error in the recognition of cost of sales in the U.S. related to intercompany sales, which resulted in overstating profitability in the U.S. and the provision for income taxes in immaterial amounts in each year since fiscal 2010. Results for fiscal 2015 included a $19 million foreign exchange loss due to an immaterial correction of an error related to functional currency change. These items are significant gains, losses, or charges during a period that are the result of isolated events or transactions which have not occurred frequently in the past and are not expected to occur regularly or be repeated in the future. 52 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. UNAUDITED RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP ADJUSTED RESULTS (In millions, except per share amounts) 2015 2014 2013 Non-GAAP Adjusted Earnings Per Diluted Share Reported earnings per diluted share - GAAP basis1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition integration costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on derivatives associated with terminated business combination, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with terminated business combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Restructuring, inventory charges and asset impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange loss due to functional currency change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other significant gains, losses or charges, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reinstatement of federal R&D tax credit, resolution of prior years’ income tax filings and other tax items1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted earnings per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Weighted average number of diluted shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1.12 0.14 — (0.05) 0.03 — 0.03 0.02 (0.01) $ 0.87 0.13 0.02 (0.02) 0.05 — — — — 0.21 0.14 0.02 — 0.01 0.21 0.03 — — (0.09) 1.19 1,226 $ 0.02 1.07 1,231 $ (0.03) 0.59 1,219 1 Amounts for fiscal 2015 included an adjustment to decrease the provision for income taxes by $28 million with a corresponding increase in net income, resulting in an increase in diluted earnings per share of $0.02. The adjustment was excluded in Applied's non-GAAP adjusted results and was made primarily to correct an error in the recognition of cost of sales in the U.S. related to intercompany sales, which resulted in overstating profitability in the U.S. and the provision for income taxes in immaterial amounts in each year since fiscal 2010. 53 The following table presents a reconciliation of the GAAP and non-GAAP adjusted segment results for the past three fiscal years: APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. UNAUDITED RECONCILIATION OF GAAP TO NON-GAAP ADJUSTED RESULTS (In millions, except percentages) 2015 2014 2013 Silicon Systems Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Reported operating income - GAAP basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition integration costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring charges and asset impairments3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,588 Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,410 178 — 25.9 % $ 1,391 $ 172 2 — 876 175 (2) 1 $ 1,565 $ 1,050 26.2% 22.0 % AGS Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Reported operating income - GAAP basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, inventory charges and asset impairments2, 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other significant gains, losses or charges, net4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 664 1 3 (1) 573 3 — — $ 436 5 2 — 667 $ 576 $ 443 26.4 % 26.2% 21.9 % Display Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income Reported operating income - GAAP basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 156 2 158 $ $ 129 2 131 $ $ 74 6 80 20.3 % 21.3% 14.9 % EES Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) Reported operating income (loss) - GAAP basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with acquisitions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, inventory charges and asset impairments2, 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating income (loss). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-GAAP adjusted operating margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (61) $ 4 — 47 $ (10) $ 15 6 — — 21 $ (433) 15 278 25 $ (115) (4.7)% 7.5% (66.5)% 1 These items are incremental charges attributable to completed acquisitions, consisting of amortization of purchased intangible assets. 2 3 4 Results for fiscal 2015 primarily included $35 million of inventory charges, $17 million of restructuring charges and asset impairments related to cost reductions in the solar business, and a $2 million favorable adjustment of restructuring reserves related to prior restructuring plans. Results for fiscal 2013 included restructuring and asset impairment charges of $26 million related to the restructuring program announced announced on May 10, 2012 and severance charges of $2 million related to the integration of Varian. These items are significant gains, losses, or charges during a period that are the result of isolated events or transactions which have not occurred frequently in the past and are not expected to occur regularly or be repeated in the future. Note: The reconciliation of GAAP and non-GAAP adjusted segment results above does not include certain operating expenses that are managed separately at the corporate level and certain expenses that are not absorbed by the segments, which are reported within corporate and unallocated costs and included in consolidated operating income. 54 Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Applied is exposed to interest rate risk related to its investment portfolio and debt issuances. Applied’s investment portfolio includes fixed-income securities with a fair value of approximately $1.0 billion at October 25, 2015. These securities are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if interest rates increase. Based on Applied’s investment portfolio at October 25, 2015, an immediate 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in a decrease in the fair value of the portfolio of approximately $16 million. While an increase in interest rates reduces the fair value of the investment portfolio, Applied will not realize the losses in the consolidated statement of operations unless the individual fixed-income securities are sold prior to recovery or the loss is determined to be other-than-temporary. At October 25, 2015, the carrying amount of long-term debt issued by Applied was $3.3 billion with an estimated fair value of $3.5 billion. A hypothetical decrease in interest rates of 100 basis points would result in an increase in the fair value of Applied’s debt issuances of approximately $303 million at October 25, 2015. Certain operations of Applied are conducted in foreign currencies, such as Japanese yen, euro, Israeli shekel and Taiwanese dollar. Applied enters into currency forward exchange and option contracts to hedge a portion of, but not all, existing and anticipated foreign currency denominated transactions generally expected to occur within the next 24 months. Gains and losses on these contracts are generally recognized in income at the time that the related transactions being hedged are recognized. Because the effect of movements in currency exchange rates on currency forward exchange and option contracts generally offsets the related effect on the underlying items being hedged, these financial instruments are not expected to subject Applied to risks that would otherwise result from changes in currency exchange rates. Applied does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The consolidated financial statements required by this Item are set forth on the pages indicated at Item 15(a). Item 9: Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. 55 Item 9A: Controls and Procedures Disclosure Controls and Procedures As of the end of the period covered by this report, management of Applied conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Applied’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Applied’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, Applied’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Applied’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report in ensuring that information required to be disclosed was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Applied in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Applied’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of Applied’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, management of Applied conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of Applied’s internal control over financial reporting based upon the framework in “Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, Applied’s management concluded that Applied’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 25, 2015. KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K and, as part of the audit, has issued a report, included herein, on the effectiveness of Applied’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2015. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, there were no changes in the internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Applied’s internal control over financial reporting. Inherent Limitations of Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Control over Financial Reporting It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Item 9B: Other Information None 56 PART III Item 10: Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Except for the information regarding executive officers required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K (which is included in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, under “Executive Officers of the Registrant”) and code of ethics (which is set forth below), the information required by this item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. Applied has implemented the Standards of Business Conduct, a code of ethics with which every person who works for Applied and every member of the Board of Directors is expected to comply. If any substantive amendments are made to the Standards of Business Conduct or any waiver is granted, including any implicit waiver, from a provision of the code to Applied’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer, Applied will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on its website or in a report on Form 8-K. The above information, including the Standards of Business Conduct, is available on Applied’s website under the Governance section at http://www.appliedmaterials.com/investor-relations. This website address is intended to be an inactive, textual reference only. None of the materials on, or accessible through, this website is part of this report or is incorporated by reference herein. Item 11: Executive Compensation The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. 57 Item 12: Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Except for the information regarding securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans (which is set forth below), the information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. The following table summarizes information with respect to equity awards under Applied’s equity compensation plans as of October 25, 2015: Equity Compensation Plan Information Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (a) Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights(1) (b) Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights(2) (In millions, except prices) (c) Number of Securities Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column(a)) 28 — (4) 28 $ $ $ 15.06 5.79 12.45 146 (3) 9 (5) 155 (1) Includes only options, restricted stock units and performance shares outstanding under Applied’s equity compensation plans, as no stock warrants or other rights were outstanding as of October 25, 2015. (2) The weighted average exercise price calculation does not take into account any restricted stock units or performance shares as they have a de minimis purchase price. (3) Includes 20 million shares of Applied common stock available for future issuance under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan. Of these 20 million shares, 2 million are subject to purchase during the purchase period in effect as of October 25, 2015. (4) Includes options to purchase 0.4 million shares of Applied common stock assumed through various mergers and acquisitions, after giving effect to the applicable exchange ratios. The assumed options had a weighted average exercise price of $5.79 per share. No further shares are available for issuance under the plans under which these assumed awards were granted. (5) Includes 9 million shares of Applied common stock available for future issuance under the Applied Materials, Inc. Stock Purchase Plan for Offshore Employees. Of these 9 million shares, 1 million are subject to purchase during the purchase period in effect as of October 25, 2015. Applied has the following equity compensation plans that have not been approved by stockholders: Stock Purchase Plan for Offshore Employees. The Stock Purchase Plan for Offshore Employees (the Offshore ESPP) was adopted effective as of October 16, 1995 for the benefit of employees of Applied’s participating affiliates. The Offshore ESPP provides for the grant of options to purchase shares of Applied common stock through payroll deductions pursuant to one or more offerings. The administrator of the Offshore ESPP (the Board of Directors of Applied or a committee appointed by the Board) determines the terms and conditions of all options prior to the start of an offering, including the purchase price of shares, the number of shares covered by the option and when the option may be exercised. All options granted as part of an offering must be granted on the same date. As of October 25, 2015, a total of 36 million shares have been authorized for issuance under the Offshore ESPP, and 9 million shares remain available for issuance. Applied Materials Profit Sharing Scheme. The Applied Materials Profit Sharing Scheme was adopted effective July 3, 1996 to enable employees of Applied Materials Ireland Limited and its participating subsidiaries to purchase Applied common stock at 100% of fair market value on the purchase date. Under this plan, eligible employees may elect to forego a certain portion of their base salary and certain bonuses they have earned and that otherwise would be payable in cash to purchase shares of Applied common stock at full fair market value. Since the eligible employees pay full fair market value for the shares, there is no reserved amount of shares under this plan and, accordingly, the table above does not include any set number of shares available for future issuance under the plan. 58 Item 13: Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. Item 14: Principal Accounting Fees and Services The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than February 22, 2016. 59 Item 15: Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules (a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: PART IV (1) Financial Statements: Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page Number 61 63 64 65 66 67 68 (2) Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto. 60 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders Applied Materials, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Applied Materials, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, period ended October 25, 2015. These consolidated stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Applied Materials, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, and the results of their operations period ended October 25, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally and their cash flows for each of the years in the accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Applied Materials, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2015 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated December 9, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. /S/ KPMG LLP KPMG LLP Santa Clara, California December 9, 2015 61 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders Applied Materials, Inc.: We have audited Applied Materials, Inc.’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting in Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Applied Materials, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 25, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Applied Materials, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended October 25, 2015, and our report dated December 9, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. Santa Clara, California December 9, 2015 /s/ KPMG LLP KPMG LLP 62 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In millions, except per share amounts) Fiscal Year Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cost of products sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating expenses: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 9,659 $ 9,072 $ 5,707 3,952 5,229 3,843 7,509 4,518 2,991 Research, development and engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,451 1,428 1,320 Marketing and selling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss (gain) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination. . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring charges and asset impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest and other income, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Earnings per share:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Weighted average number of shares:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 455 (89) — 14 2,259 1,693 103 8 1,598 221 1,377 1.13 1.12 1,214 1,226 $ $ $ 423 497 (30) — 5 2,323 1,520 95 23 1,448 376 1,072 0.88 0.87 1,215 1,231 $ $ $ 433 458 7 278 63 2,559 432 95 13 350 94 256 0.21 0.21 1,202 1,219 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 63 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (In millions) Fiscal Year Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in unrealized net gain on investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in unrealized net loss on derivative instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in defined and postretirement benefit plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in cumulative translation adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 1,377 $ 1,072 $ 256 (10) (15) — 9 (16) 1,361 $ (1) (2) (33) (2) (38) 1,034 9 1 18 (5) 23 $ 279 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 64 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In millions, except per share amounts) October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 ASSETS Current assets: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased technology and other intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,797 $ 168 1,739 1,833 724 9,261 946 892 3,302 762 145 3,002 160 1,670 1,567 568 6,967 935 861 3,304 951 156 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15,308 $ 13,174 Current liabilities: LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Short-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Accounts payable and accrued expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer deposits and deferred revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,200 $ 1,833 765 3,798 3,342 555 7,695 Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock: $.01 par value per share; 1 shares authorized; no shares issued . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock: $.01 par value per share; 2,500 shares authorized; 1,160 and 1,221 shares outstanding at 2015 and 2014, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treasury stock: 793 and 717 shares at 2015 and 2014, respectively Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — 11 6,575 13,967 (12,848) (92) 7,613 — 1,883 940 2,823 1,947 536 5,306 — 12 6,384 13,072 (11,524) (76) 7,868 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15,308 $ 13,174 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 65 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (In millions) Common Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Shares Amount Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Balance at October 28, 2012 . . . . . . . . . 1,197 $ Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . Issuance under stock plans, net of a tax benefit of $14 and other . . . . . . . . — — — — 25 Common stock repurchases . . . . . . . . (18) Balance at October 27, 2013 . . . . . . . . . 1,204 $ Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss, net of tax . Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . Issuance under stock plans, net of a tax benefit of $27 and other . . . . . . . . — — — — 17 Balance at October 26, 2014 . . . . . . . . . 1,221 $ Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss, net of tax . Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . Issuance under stock plans, net of a tax benefit of $55 and other . . . . . . . . — — — — 15 Common stock repurchases . . . . . . . . (76) 12 — — — — — — 12 — — — — — 12 — — — — — (1) $ 5,863 $ 12,700 699 $ (11,279) $ (61) $ 7,235 — — — 162 126 — 256 — (469) — — — — — — — — 18 — — — — — (245) — 23 — — — — $ 6,151 $ 12,487 717 $ (11,524) $ (38) $ — — — 177 56 1,072 — (487) — — — — — — — — — — — — — (38) — — — $ 6,384 $ 13,072 717 $ (11,524) $ (76) $ — — — 187 4 — 1,377 — (482) — — — — — — — — 76 — — — — — (1,324) — (16) — — — — 256 23 (469) 162 126 (245) 7,088 1,072 (38) (487) 177 56 7,868 1,377 (16) (482) 187 4 (1,325) Balance at October 25, 2015 . . . . . . . . . 1,160 $ 11 $ 6,575 $ 13,967 793 $ (12,848) $ (92) $ 7,613 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 66 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In millions) Fiscal Year 2015 2014 2013 1,377 $ 1,072 $ 256 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Adjustments required to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:. . . . . . Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring charges and asset impairments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of amounts acquired: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current and non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts payable and accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer deposits and deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash flows from investing activities: 371 — 14 (56) (134) 39 187 (61) (266) 26 (133) (175) (24) (2) 375 — 5 (30) 58 8 177 (21) (154) 26 79 146 142 (83) 1,163 1,800 Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from sale of facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash provided by (used in) investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash flows from financing activities: Debt borrowings, net of issuance costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from common stock issuances and others, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock repurchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments of dividends to stockholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents — end of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Supplemental cash flow information: (215) (4) — 1,100 (1,162) (281) 2,581 88 (1,325) (487) 56 913 1,795 3,002 4,797 Cash payments for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash refunds from income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash payments for interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 407 12 92 $ $ $ $ (241) (12) 25 878 (811) (161) — 107 — (485) 30 (348) 1,291 1,711 3,002 195 111 92 $ $ $ $ See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 67 410 278 63 (23) (102) 34 162 (404) (141) (63) 21 39 57 36 623 (197) (1) 7 1,013 (607) 215 — 159 (245) (456) 23 (519) 319 1,392 1,711 196 102 92 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Applied Materials, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Applied or the Company) after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. All references to a fiscal year apply to Applied’s fiscal year which ends on the last Sunday in October. Fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 each contained 52 weeks. Each fiscal quarter of 2015, 2014 and 2013 contained 13 weeks. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, Applied evaluates its estimates, including those related to accounts receivable and sales allowances, fair values of financial instruments, inventories, intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, fair values of share-based awards, and income taxes, among others. Applied bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Cash Equivalents All highly-liquid investments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of investments in institutional money market funds. Investments All of Applied’s investments, except equity investments held in privately-held companies, are classified as available-for- sale at the respective balance sheet dates. Investments classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices, and any temporary difference between the cost and fair value of an investment is presented as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The specific identification method is used to determine the gains and losses on investments. Interest earned on cash and investments, as well as realized gains and losses on sale of securities, are included in interest income in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Equity investments in privately-held companies are generally accounted for under the cost method of accounting and are periodically assessed for other-than-temporary impairment when an event or circumstance indicates that an other-than-temporary decline in value may have occurred. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Applied maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. This allowance is based on historical experience, credit evaluations, specific customer collection history and any customer-specific issues Applied has identified. Changes in circumstances, such as an unexpected material adverse change in a major customer’s ability to meet its financial obligation to Applied or its payment trends, may require Applied to further adjust its estimates of the recoverability of amounts due to Applied. Bad debt expense and any reversals are recorded in marketing and selling expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. 68 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Applied adjusts inventory carrying value for estimated obsolescence equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Applied fully writes down inventories and noncancelable purchase orders for inventory deemed obsolete. Applied performs periodic reviews of inventory items to identify excess inventories on hand by comparing on-hand balances to anticipated usage using recent historical activity as well as anticipated or forecasted demand. If estimates of customer demand diminish further or market conditions become less favorable than those projected by Applied, additional inventory adjustments may be required. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives for financial reporting purposes are as follows: buildings and improvements, 3 to 30 years; demonstration and manufacturing equipment, 3 to 5 years; software, 3 to 5 years; and furniture, fixtures and other equipment, 3 to 15 years. Land improvements are amortized over the shorter of 15 years or the estimated useful life. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of five years or the lease term. Intangible Assets Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Purchased technology and other intangible assets are presented at cost, net of accumulated amortization, and are amortized over their estimated useful lives of 1 to 15 years using the straight-line method. Long-Lived Assets Applied reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets or asset group may not be recoverable. Applied assesses these assets for impairment based on estimated future cash flows from these assets. Research, Development and Engineering Costs Research, development and engineering costs are expensed as incurred. Sales and Value Added Taxes Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Warranty Applied provides for the estimated cost of warranty when revenue is recognized. Estimated warranty costs are determined by analyzing specific product, current and historical configuration statistics and regional warranty support costs. Applied's warranty obligation is affected by product and component failure rates, material usage and labor costs incurred in correcting product failures during the warranty period. If actual warranty costs differ substantially from Applied's estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required. Income Taxes Income tax expense is based on pretax earnings. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities, net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Restructuring From time to time, Applied initiates restructuring activities to appropriately align its cost structure relative to prevailing economic and industry conditions and associated customer demand as well as in connection with certain acquisitions. Costs associated with restructuring actions can include termination benefits and related charges in addition to facility closure, contract termination and other related activities. Costs associated with restructuring activities are included in restructuring charges and asset impairments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 69 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Revenue Recognition Applied recognizes revenue when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; seller’s price to buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is probable. Applied’s shipping terms are customarily FOB Applied shipping point or equivalent terms. Applied’s revenue recognition policy generally results in revenue recognition at the following points: (1) for all transactions where legal title passes to the customer upon shipment or delivery, Applied recognizes revenue upon passage of title for all products that have been demonstrated to meet product specifications prior to shipment; the portion of revenue associated with certain installation-related tasks is deferred, and that revenue is recognized upon completion of the installation-related tasks; (2) for products that have not been demonstrated to meet product specifications prior to shipment, revenue is recognized at customer technical acceptance; (3) for transactions where legal title does not pass at shipment or delivery, revenue is recognized when legal title passes to the customer, which is generally at customer technical acceptance; and (4) for arrangements containing multiple elements, the revenue relating to the undelivered elements is deferred using the relative selling price method utilizing estimated sales prices until delivery of the deferred elements. Applied limits the amount of revenue recognition for delivered elements to the amount that is not contingent on the future delivery of products or services, future performance obligations or subject to customer-specified return or adjustment. In cases where Applied has sold products that have been demonstrated to meet product specifications prior to shipment, Applied believes that at the time of delivery, it has an enforceable claim to amounts recognized as revenue. Spare parts revenue is generally recognized upon shipment, and services revenue is generally recognized over the period that the services are provided. When a sales arrangement contains multiple elements, such as hardware and services and/or software products, Applied allocates revenue to each element based on a selling price hierarchy. The selling price for a deliverable is based on its vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) if available, third party evidence (TPE) if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price (ESP) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. Applied generally utilizes the ESP due to the nature of its products. In multiple element arrangements where more-than-incidental software deliverables are included, revenue is allocated to each separate unit of accounting for each of the non-software deliverables and to the software deliverables as a group using the relative selling prices of each of the deliverables in the arrangement based on the aforementioned selling price hierarchy. If the arrangement contains more than one software deliverable, the arrangement consideration allocated to the software deliverables as a group is then allocated to each software deliverable using the guidance for recognizing software revenue. Derivative Financial Instruments Applied uses financial instruments, such as forward exchange and currency option contracts, to hedge a portion of, but not all, existing and anticipated foreign currency denominated transactions typically expected to occur within 24 months. The purpose of Applied’s foreign currency management is to mitigate the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated revenues, costs and eventual cash flows. The terms of derivative financial instruments used for hedging purposes are generally consistent with the timing of the transactions being hedged. All of Applied’s derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices for comparable instruments. For derivative instruments designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on these hedges is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity, and is reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. If the transaction being hedged fails to occur, or if a portion of any derivative is ineffective, the gain or loss on the associated financial instrument is recorded promptly in earnings. For derivative instruments used to hedge existing foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities, the gain or loss on these hedges is recorded promptly in earnings to offset the changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged. Applied does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Foreign Currencies As of October 25, 2015, all of Applied’s subsidiaries use the United States dollar as their functional currency. Accordingly, assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are remeasured using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, except for non- monetary assets, such as inventories and property, plant and equipment, which are remeasured using historical exchange rates. Foreign currency-denominated revenues and costs are remeasured using average exchange rates for the period, except for costs related to those balance sheet items that are remeasured using historical exchange rates. The resulting remeasurement gains and losses are included in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as incurred. 70 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject Applied to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, investments, trade accounts receivable and derivative financial instruments used in hedging activities. Applied invests in a variety of financial instruments, such as, but not limited to, certificates of deposit, corporate and municipal bonds, United States Treasury and agency securities, and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, and, by policy, limits the amount of credit exposure with any one financial institution or commercial issuer. Applied performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally requires no collateral to secure accounts receivable. Applied maintains an allowance reserve for potentially uncollectible accounts receivable based on its assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable. Applied regularly reviews the allowance by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable balances, and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. In addition, Applied utilizes letters of credit to mitigate credit risk when considered appropriate. Applied is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to derivative financial instruments, but does not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations. In some instances, Applied has entered into security arrangements which require the counterparties to post collateral to further mitigate credit exposure. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued authoritative guidance that requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value instead of at lower of cost or market. This guidance does not apply to inventory that is measured using last-in, first out (LIFO) or the retail inventory method but applies to all other inventory including those measured using first-in, first-out (FIFO) or the average cost method. The authoritative guidance will be effective for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and should be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. Applied is currently evaluating the effect of this new guidance on Applied's consolidated financial statements. In May 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to remove the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy all investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. The new guidance also removes the requirement of certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient. The guidance becomes effective retrospectively for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance will only impact disclosures in Applied's financial statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for customers about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. This guidance will not change accounting for service contracts. The guidance becomes effective for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and may be adopted either (1) prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date or (2) retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. Applied is currently evaluating the effect of this new guidance on Applied's financial position, results of operations and its ongoing financial reporting, including the selection of a transition method. In April 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The authoritative guidance is effective for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and should be applied retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on Applied's consolidated financial statements. In May 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This new standard will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry- specific guidance. Entities will have the option of using either a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach to adopting the guidance. Under the modified approach, an entity would recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance with an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, the modified approach will require additional disclosures. In August 2015, the FASB issued an amendment to defer the effective date by one year and allow entities to early adopt no earlier than the original effective date. With this amendment, the guidance will be effective for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Applied is currently evaluating the effect of this new guidance on Applied's financial position, results of operations and its ongoing financial reporting, including the selection of a transition method. In April 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that raises the threshold for a disposal transaction to qualify as a discontinued operation and requires additional disclosures about discontinued operations and disposals of individually significant components that do not qualify as discontinued operations. The authoritative guidance becomes effective prospectively for Applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2016. Early adoption is permitted, but only for disposals that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued. 71 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 2 Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is determined using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is determined using the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares (representing the dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchase plan shares) outstanding during the period. Applied’s net income has not been adjusted for any period presented for purposes of computing basic or diluted earnings per share due to the Company’s non-complex capital structure. Fiscal Year Numerator: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions, except per share amounts) Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,377 $ 1,072 $ 256 Denominator: Weighted average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,214 1,215 1,202 Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and employee stock purchase plan shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Denominator for diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Diluted earnings per share. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Potentially dilutive securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1,226 1.13 1.12 — $ $ 16 1,231 0.88 0.87 1 $ $ 17 1,219 0.21 0.21 2 Potentially dilutive securities attributable to outstanding stock options and restricted stock units were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the combined exercise price, average unamortized fair value and assumed tax benefits upon the exercise of options and the vesting of restricted stock units were greater than the average market price of Applied common stock, and therefore their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. 72 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 3 Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments Summary of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments The following tables summarize Applied’s cash, cash equivalents and investments by security type: October 25, 2015 Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash equivalents: Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-U.S. government securities* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Municipal securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Cash and Cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Short-term and long-term investments: U.S. Treasury and agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-U.S. government securities* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Municipal securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . Total fixed income securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publicly traded equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity investments in privately-held companies . . . . . . . Total short-term and long-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total Cash, Cash equivalents and Investments . . . . . . . . . . $ Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value 1,010 $ (In millions) — $ — $ 1,010 3,272 60 73 382 3,787 4,797 84 9 384 250 262 989 28 78 1,095 5,892 $ $ $ $ — — — — — — $ — $ — 2 — — 2 17 — 19 19 $ $ — — — — — — $ — $ — — — — — — — — $ — $ 3,272 60 73 382 3,787 4,797 84 9 386 250 262 991 45 78 1,114 5,911 _________________________ * Includes agency debt securities guaranteed by non-U.S. governments, which consist of Canada and Germany. 73 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) October 26, 2014 Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash equivalents: Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Cash and Cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Short-term and long-term investments: U.S. Treasury and agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-U.S. government securities* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Municipal securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . Total fixed income securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publicly traded equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity investments in privately-held companies . . . . . . . Total short-term and long-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total Cash, Cash equivalents and Investments . . . . . . . . . . $ _________________________ Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value 508 $ (In millions) — $ — $ 508 2,494 2,494 3,002 62 14 391 223 287 977 19 66 1,062 4,064 $ $ $ $ — — — $ — $ — 2 1 1 4 31 — 35 35 $ $ — — — $ — $ — — — 2 2 — — 2 2 $ $ 2,494 2,494 3,002 62 14 393 224 286 979 50 66 1,095 4,097 * Includes agency debt securities guaranteed by non-U.S. governments, which consist of Canada and Germany. Maturities of Investments The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of Applied’s investments at October 25, 2015: Cost Estimated Fair Value Due in one year or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Due after one through five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No single maturity date**. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ _________________________ $ (In millions) 155 572 368 1,095 $ 156 573 385 1,114 ** Securities with no single maturity date include publicly-traded and privately-held equity securities, and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities. 74 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Gains and Losses on Investments Gross realized gains and losses on sales of investments for each fiscal year were as follows: Gross realized gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross realized losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 27 $ 2 $ 9 3 $ $ 7 2 At October 25, 2015, gross unrealized losses related to Applied's investment portfolio were not material. Applied regularly reviews its investment portfolio to identify and evaluate investments that have indications of possible impairment. Factors considered in determining whether an unrealized loss is considered to be temporary, or other-than-temporary and therefore impaired, include: the length of time and extent to which fair value has been lower than the cost basis; the financial condition, credit quality and near-term prospects of the investee; and whether it is more likely than not that Applied will be required to sell the security prior to recovery. Generally, the contractual terms of investments in marketable securities do not permit settlement at prices less than the amortized cost of the investments. Applied determined that the gross unrealized losses on its marketable securities at October 25, 2015, October 26, 2014 and October 27, 2013 were temporary in nature and therefore it did not recognize any impairment of its marketable securities for fiscal 2015, 2014 or 2013. During fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, Applied determined that certain of its equity investments in privately-held companies were other-than-temporarily impaired and, accordingly, recognized impairment charges of $9 million, $15 million and $6 million, respectively. These impairment charges are included in interest and other income, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Unrealized gains and temporary losses on investments classified as available-for-sale are included within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of any related tax effect. Upon realization, those amounts are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to results of operations. 75 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 4 Fair Value Measurements Applied’s financial assets are measured and recorded at fair value, except for equity investments in privately-held companies. These equity investments are generally accounted for under the cost method of accounting and are periodically assessed for other- than-temporary impairment when events or circumstances indicate that an other-than-temporary decline in value may have occurred. Applied’s nonfinancial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment, are recorded at cost and are assessed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that an other-than-temporary decline in value may have occurred. Fair Value Hierarchy Applied uses the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: • Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; • Level 2 — Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and • Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Applied’s investments consist primarily of debt securities that are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at their fair values. In determining the fair value of investments, Applied uses pricing information from pricing services that value securities based on quoted market prices and models that utilize observable market inputs. In the event a fair value estimate is unavailable from a pricing service, Applied generally obtains non-binding price quotes from brokers. Applied then reviews the information provided by the pricing services or brokers to determine the fair value of its short-term and long-term investments. In addition, to validate pricing information obtained from pricing services, Applied periodically performs supplemental analysis on a sample of securities. Applied reviews any significant unanticipated differences identified through this analysis to determine the appropriate fair value. Investments with remaining effective maturities of 12 months or less from the balance sheet date are classified as short-term investments. Investments with remaining effective maturities of more than 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term investments. As of October 25, 2015, substantially all of Applied’s available-for-sale, short-term and long-term investments were recognized at fair value that was determined based upon observable inputs. 76 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Financial assets (excluding cash balances) measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below: October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total (In millions) Assets: Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,272 U.S. Treasury and agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Non-U.S. government securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Municipal securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . — — — — Publicly traded equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Foreign exchange derivative assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,389 $ — $ 3,272 $ 2,494 $ — $ 2,494 12 69 459 632 262 — 2 84 69 459 632 262 45 2 43 — — — — 50 — 19 14 393 224 286 — 52 62 14 393 224 286 50 52 $ 1,436 $ 4,825 $ 2,587 $ 988 $ 3,575 There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during fiscal 2015 and 2014, and Applied did not have any financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis within Level 3 fair value measurements as of October 25, 2015 or October 26, 2014. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis Equity investments in privately-held companies are generally accounted for under the cost method of accounting and are periodically assessed for other-than-temporary impairment when an event or circumstance indicates that an other-than-temporary decline in value may have occurred. If Applied determines that an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the investment will be written down to its estimated fair value based on available information, such as pricing in recent rounds of financing, current cash positions, earnings and cash flow forecasts, recent operational performance and any other readily available market data. Equity investments in privately-held companies totaled $78 million at October 25, 2015, of which $70 million of investments were accounted for under the cost method of accounting and $8 million of investments had been measured at fair value on a non- recurring basis within Level 3 fair value measurements due to an other-than-temporary decline in value. Equity investments in privately-held companies totaled $66 million at October 26, 2014, of which $57 million of investments were accounted for under the cost method of accounting and $9 million of investments had been measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis within Level 3 fair value measurements due to an other-than-temporary decline in value. During fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, Applied determined that certain of its equity investments held in privately-held companies were other-than-temporarily impaired and, accordingly, recognized impairment charges of $9 million, $15 million and $6 million, respectively. In fiscal 2013, Applied recorded goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges related to the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment. The inputs used to measure the fair value of goodwill and intangible assets of the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment are classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement due to the significance of unobservable inputs using company- specific information. The valuation methodology used to estimate the fair value of goodwill and intangible assets is discussed in Note 9, Goodwill, Purchased Technology and Other Intangible Assets. Other The carrying amounts of Applied’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, notes payable - short term, and accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate fair value due to their short maturities. At October 25, 2015, the carrying amount of long-term debt was $3.3 billion, and the estimated fair value was $3.5 billion. At October 26, 2014, the carrying amount of long-term debt was $1.9 billion, and the estimated fair value was $2.2 billion. The estimated fair value of long-term debt is determined by Level 2 inputs and is based primarily on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues. 77 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 5 Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Derivative Financial Instruments Applied conducts business in a number of foreign countries, with certain transactions denominated in local currencies, such as the Japanese yen, euro, Israeli shekel and Taiwanese dollar. Applied uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward exchange contracts and currency option contracts, to hedge certain forecasted foreign currency denominated transactions expected to occur typically within the next 24 months. The purpose of Applied’s foreign currency management is to mitigate the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated revenues, costs and eventual cash flows. The terms of currency instruments used for hedging purposes are generally consistent with the timing of the transactions being hedged. During fiscal 2015, Applied entered into and settled a series of forward-starting interest rate swap agreements, with a total notional amount of $600 million, to hedge against the variability of cash flows due to changes in the benchmark interest rate of fixed rate debt. These instruments were designated as cash flow hedges at inception and settled in conjunction with the issuance of debt in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. The loss from the settlement of the interest rate swap agreement was $20 million, which was included in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) in stockholders' equity and will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the senior unsecured 10-year notes issued in September 2015. Applied does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Derivative instruments and hedging activities, including foreign currency exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements, are recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge treatment, as well as the ineffective portion of any hedges, are recognized currently in earnings. All of Applied’s derivative financial instruments are recorded at their fair value in other current assets or in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Hedges related to anticipated transactions are designated and documented at the inception of the hedge as cash flow hedges and foreign exchange derivatives are typically entered into once per month. Cash flow hedges are evaluated for effectiveness quarterly. The effective portion of the gain or loss on these hedges is reported as a component of AOCI in stockholders’ equity and is reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. The majority of the after-tax net income or loss related to foreign exchange derivative instruments included in AOCI at October 25, 2015 is expected to be reclassified into earnings within 12 months. Changes in the fair value of currency forward exchange and option contracts due to changes in time value are excluded from the assessment of effectiveness. Both ineffective hedge amounts and hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in earnings. If the transaction being hedged is no longer probable to occur, or if a portion of any derivative is deemed to be ineffective, Applied promptly recognizes the gain or loss on the associated financial instrument in earnings. The amount recognized due to discontinuance of cash flow hedges that were probable not to occur by the end of the originally specified time period was not significant for fiscal 2015, 2014 or 2013. Additionally, forward exchange contracts are generally used to hedge certain foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities. These derivatives are typically entered into once per month and are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of these hedges are recorded in earnings to offset the changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged. Following the announcement of the proposed business combination with Tokyo Electron Limited (TEL) in September 2013, Applied purchased foreign exchange option contracts to limit its foreign exchange risk associated with the proposed business combination. The derivatives used to hedge currency exposure did not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. These derivatives were marked to market at the end of each reporting period with gains and losses recorded as part of operating expenses. During fiscal 2014, the derivatives purchased in fiscal 2013 were sold, and the Company recorded gains of $42 million. Concurrently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, the Company purchased new foreign exchange option contracts for the same purpose with an extended maturity. At October 26, 2014, the fair value of these foreign exchange option contracts was approximately $52 million and Applied recognized an unrealized loss of $12 million during fiscal 2014 related to these contracts. Due to the termination of the proposed business combination with TEL on April 26, 2015, these foreign exchange option contracts were sold during the third quarter of fiscal 2015. Applied recorded a gain of $89 million in fiscal 2015 related to these contracts. The cash flow impacts of these derivatives have been classified as operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. To further mitigate credit exposure in connection with these foreign exchange option contracts, the Company entered into security arrangements with certain counterparties, which require the counterparties to post collateral amounting to the approximate fair value of the derivative contracts. The cash collateral was included in cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the corresponding liability included in accounts payable and accrued expenses as of October 26, 2014. The requirement to provide cash collateral was canceled following the settlement of the foreign exchange option contracts during fiscal 2015. Other than the foreign exchange option contracts discussed in the preceding paragraph, the fair values of other foreign exchange derivative instruments at October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014 were not material. 78 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The effects of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for each fiscal year were as follows: Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Effective Portion Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Gain or (Loss) Recognized in AOCI Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (In millions) Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income 2015 Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of products sold Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative Interest rate swaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of products sold Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of products sold Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income Gain (loss) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit Risk Contingent Features $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 15 $ 6 — (20) (14) $ 7 — 7 29 — 29 $ $ $ $ (6) — 9 8 1 9 21 7 28 $ $ $ $ $ Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) $ 89 21 110 $ 30 19 49 $ $ (4) (2) — (6) (2) (2) (4) (3) (1) (4) (7) 26 19 If Applied’s credit rating were to fall below investment grade, it would be in violation of credit risk contingent provisions of the derivative instruments discussed above, and certain counterparties to the derivative instruments could request immediate payment on derivative instruments in net liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features that were in a net liability position was immaterial as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014. Entering into derivative contracts with banks exposes Applied to credit-related losses in the event of the banks’ nonperformance. However, Applied’s exposure is not considered significant. 79 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 6 Accounts Receivable, Net Applied has agreements with various financial institutions to sell accounts receivable and discount promissory notes from selected customers. Applied sells its accounts receivable without recourse. Applied, from time to time, also discounts letters of credit issued by customers through various financial institutions. The discounting of letters of credit depends on many factors, including the willingness of financial institutions to discount the letters of credit and the cost of such arrangements. Applied did not factor any accounts receivable or discount promissory notes during fiscal 2015 or 2013. Applied factored accounts receivable of $45 million and discounted $29 million of letters of credit issued by customers during fiscal 2014. Financing charges on the sale of receivables and discounting of letters of credit are included in interest expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and were not material for all years presented. Accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $49 million and $58 million at October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, respectively. Changes in allowance for doubtful accounts for each fiscal year were as follows: Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deductions1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending balance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 74 $ — (16) 58 $ $ $ 58 — (9) 49 87 — (13) 74 _____________________________ 1 Fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 deductions represent releases of allowance for doubtful accounts credited to expense as a result of an overall lower risk profile of Applied's customers. Applied sells its products principally to manufacturers within the semiconductor, display and solar industries. While Applied believes that its allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate and represents its best estimate as of October 25, 2015, it continues to closely monitor customer liquidity and industry and economic conditions, which may result in changes to Applied’s estimates regarding collectability. 80 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 7 Balance Sheet Detail Inventories Customer service spares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work-in-process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 382 438 294 719 1,833 $ $ 316 405 316 530 1,567 Included in finished goods inventory is $155 million and $104 million at October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, respectively, of newly-introduced systems at customer locations where the sales transaction did not meet Applied’s revenue recognition criteria as set forth in Note 1. Finished goods inventory includes $185 million and $164 million of evaluation inventory at October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, respectively. Other Current Assets Deferred income taxes, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Prepaid income taxes and income taxes receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid expenses and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, Plant and Equipment, Net Land and improvements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buildings and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Demonstration and manufacturing equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture, fixtures and other equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Useful Life (In years) 3-30 3-5 3-15 $ $ $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 403 127 194 724 $ $ 232 79 257 568 October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 157 1,247 920 574 48 2,946 (2,054) 892 $ $ 156 1,227 829 575 61 2,848 (1,987) 861 Depreciation expense was $185 million, $191 million and $211 million for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 respectively. During fiscal 2015 and 2013, fixed asset impairment charges of $4 million and $12 million, respectively were recorded in relation to the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment restructuring activities, as discussed in Note 11, Restructuring Charges and Asset Impairments. There was no fixed asset impairment charge recorded during fiscal 2014. 81 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses Accounts payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Compensation and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other accrued taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Customer Deposits and Deferred Revenue Customer deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 658 509 126 60 116 58 36 270 1,833 $ $ 613 524 113 142 122 51 30 288 1,883 October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 132 633 765 $ $ 286 654 940 Applied typically receives deposits on future deliverables from customers in the Energy and Environmental Solutions and Display segments. In certain instances, customer deposits may be received from customers in the Applied Global Services segment. Other Liabilities Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defined and postretirement benefit plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 56 227 187 85 555 $ $ 32 225 208 71 536 82 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 8 Business Combinations Tokyo Electron Limited On September 24, 2013, Applied and Tokyo Electron Limited (TEL) entered into a Business Combination Agreement, which was intended to effect a strategic combination of their respective businesses into a new combined company, and was subject to regulatory approvals. On April 26, 2015, Applied and TEL announced that they had mutually agreed to terminate the Business Combination Agreement. No termination fee was payable by either Applied or TEL. Other From time to time, Applied makes acquisitions of or investments in companies related to existing or new markets for Applied. Applied completed acquisitions during fiscal 2015 and 2014, which were not significant to Applied's consolidated results of operations and financial position. Substantially all of the consideration was allocated to acquisition-related intangible assets. See Note 9 Goodwill, Purchased Technology and Other Intangible Assets for more information. 83 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 9 Goodwill, Purchased Technology and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets Applied’s methodology for allocating the purchase price relating to purchase acquisitions is determined through established and generally accepted valuation techniques. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the purchase price over the sum of the amounts assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Applied assigns assets acquired (including goodwill) and liabilities assumed to one or more reporting units as of the date of acquisition. Typically, acquisitions relate to a single reporting unit and thus do not require the allocation of goodwill to multiple reporting units. If the products obtained in an acquisition are assigned to multiple reporting units, the goodwill is distributed to the respective reporting units as part of the purchase price allocation process. Goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill and intangible assets requires significant judgment, especially in emerging markets. Applied regularly monitors current business conditions and considers other factors including, but not limited to, adverse industry or economic trends, restructuring actions and lower projections of profitability that may impact future operating results. To test goodwill for impairment, Applied first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If it is concluded that this is the case, Applied then performs the two-step goodwill impairment test. Otherwise, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required. Under the two-step goodwill impairment test, Applied would, in the first step, compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. Applied determines the fair value of each of its reporting units based on a weighting of income and market approaches. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, Applied would then perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If Applied determines that the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, Applied would record an impairment charge equal to the difference. During the third quarter of fiscal 2015, Applied implemented a new management structure, which resulted in changes in Applied’s reporting units. Applied determined its reporting units by first identifying its operating segments, and then assessing whether components of these operating segments constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and where segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component. Applied aggregates reporting units within an operating segment that have similar economic characteristics and are similar in nature of their products and services, production processes, type or class of customers, distribution methods and operational environment. As a result of the change in management structure, there were no changes in Applied’s reportable segments identified in Note 16, Industry Segment Operations. However, Applied identified three reporting units, which include the Transistor and Interconnect Group, Patterning and Packaging Group, and Imaging and Process Control Group, which combine to form the Silicon Systems reporting segment. The new management structure did not affect Applied Global Services, Display and Energy and Environmental Solutions. Based on these changes, Applied performed a goodwill impairment test for Silicon Systems immediately before the change in reporting units, allocated goodwill to each reporting unit in Silicon Systems based on the estimated fair value of each reporting unit and, then performed another goodwill impairment test for each of the new reporting units within the Silicon Systems segment. In performing the goodwill impairment test, Applied utilized both the discounted cash flow method (weighted 75%) and the guideline company method (weighted 25%) to estimate the fair value of the reporting units. The estimates used in the impairment testing were consistent with the discrete forecasts that Applied uses to manage its business, and considered any significant developments that occurred during the quarter. Under the discounted cash flow method, cash flows beyond the discrete forecasts were estimated using a terminal growth rate, which considered the long-term earnings growth rate specific to the reporting units. The estimated future cash flows were discounted to present value using each reporting unit's weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost of capital measures a reporting unit's cost of debt and equity financing weighted by the percentage of debt and equity in a reporting unit's target capital structure. In addition, the weighted average cost of capital was derived using both known and estimated market metrics, and was adjusted to reflect both the timing and risks associated with the estimated cash flows. The tax rate used in the discounted cash flow method was the median tax rate of comparable companies and reflected Applied's current international structure, which is consistent with the market participant perspective. Under the guideline company method, market multiples were applied to forecasted revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The market multiples used were consistent with comparable publicly-traded companies and considered each reporting unit's size, growth and profitability relative to its comparable companies. Based on Applied’s analysis, the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value for Silicon Systems as a single reporting unit and for each new reporting unit subsequent to the change, and therefore, the second step of the goodwill impairment test was not required. 84 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, Applied performed a qualitative assessment to test goodwill for all of its reporting units for impairment. Applied determined that it was more likely than not that each of its reporting units' fair values exceeded their respective carrying values and that it was not necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test for any of its reporting units. Since fiscal 2012, the solar industry has faced a deterioration in market conditions associated with manufacturing overcapacity and weak operating performance and outlook, resulting in uncertainties regarding the timing and nature of a recovery in solar capital equipment expenditures. In fiscal 2013, Applied performed a two-step goodwill impairment test and, as a result, recorded $224 million of goodwill impairment charges in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment. Applied also recorded a $54 million impairment charge related to the intangible assets in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment in the same year. As of 2015, accumulated goodwill impairment charges from fiscal 2013 and prior periods amounted to $645 million, all of which were recorded in the Energy and Environmental Solutions segment. The evaluation of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment requires the exercise of significant judgment. In the event of future changes in business conditions, Applied will be required to reassess and update its forecasts and estimates used in future impairment analyses. If the results of these future analyses are lower than current estimates, a material impairment charge may result at that time. Details of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets were as follows: October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 Other Intangible Assets Goodwill Other Intangible Assets Total Total Goodwill (In millions) Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,151 Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,027 Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Carrying amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,302 $ $ — $ 2,151 $ 2,151 $ 103 $2,254 5 18 2 25 1,032 1,027 142 2 126 — 6 18 — 1,033 144 — $ 3,327 $ 3,304 $ 127 $3,431 Other intangible assets that are not subject to amortization consist primarily of in-process technology, which will be subject to amortization upon commercialization. The fair value assigned to in-process technology was determined using the income approach taking into account estimates and judgments regarding risks inherent in the development process, including the likelihood of achieving technological success and market acceptance. If an in-process technology project is abandoned, the acquired technology attributable to the project will be written-off. During fiscal 2015, goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets decreased by $104 million primarily due to commercialization of in-process technology in the Silicon Systems segment. A summary of Applied's purchased technology and intangible assets is set forth below: October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 Purchased technology, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Intangible assets - finite-lived, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible assets - indefinite-lived. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 85 $ (In millions) 575 162 25 762 $ 636 188 127 951 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Finite-Lived Purchased Intangible Assets Applied amortizes purchased intangible assets with finite lives using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, ranging from 1 to 15 years. Applied evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable. Applied assesses the fair value of the assets based on the amount of the undiscounted future cash flow that the assets are expected to generate and recognizes an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flow expected to result from the use of the asset, plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. When Applied identifies an impairment, Applied reduces the carrying value of the group of assets to comparable market values, when available and appropriate, or to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach. Intangible assets, such as purchased technology, are generally recorded in connection with a business acquisition. The value assigned to intangible assets is usually based on estimates and judgments regarding expectations for the success and life cycle of products and technology acquired. Applied evaluates the useful lives of its intangible assets each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances require revising the remaining period of amortization. In addition, Applied reviews intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. Management considers such indicators as significant differences in actual product acceptance from the estimates, changes in the competitive and economic environments, technological advances, and changes in cost structure. Details of finite-lived intangible assets were as follows: October 25, 2015 Purchased Technology Other Intangible Assets October 26, 2014 Other Intangible Assets Total Total Purchased Technology (In millions) Gross carrying amount: Silicon Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . Gross carrying amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Accumulated amortization: Silicon Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . Accumulated amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Carrying amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,449 $ 252 $ 1,701 $ 1,346 $ 252 $ 1,598 28 110 4 44 33 12 72 143 16 28 110 5 44 33 17 72 143 22 1,591 $ 341 $ 1,932 $ 1,489 $ 346 $ 1,835 (876) $ (26) (110) (4) (1,016) $ 575 $ (95) $ (44) (33) (7) (179) $ $ 162 (971) $ (70) (143) (11) (1,195) $ $ 737 (716) $ (24) (110) (3) (853) $ $ 636 (77) $ (44) (31) (6) (158) $ $ 188 (793) (68) (141) (9) (1,011) 824 86 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Details of amortization expense for each fiscal year by segment were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) Silicon Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Amortization expense for each fiscal year was charged to the following categories: 2015 Cost of products sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Research, development and engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketing and selling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 179 1 2 4 186 163 1 20 2 186 $ $ $ $ 173 3 2 6 184 2014 (In millions) 159 1 21 3 184 $ $ $ $ 2013 As of October 25, 2015, future estimated amortization expense is expected to be as follows: Amortization Expense (In millions) 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 172 5 6 16 199 166 1 26 6 199 189 186 185 44 39 94 737 87 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 10 Borrowing Facilities and Debt In September 2015, Applied entered into a $1.5 billion committed revolving credit agreement with a group of banks that is scheduled to expire in September 2020. This credit agreement provides for borrowings in United States dollars at interest rates keyed to one of various benchmark rates selected by Applied for each advance, plus a margin based on Applied’s public debt rating and includes financial and other covenants. The September 2015 credit agreement replaces Applied's $1.5 billion credit agreement entered into in May 2011. In addition, Applied has credit facilities in the amount of approximately $67 million with Japanese banks. Applied’s ability to borrow under these facilities is subject to bank approval at the time of the borrowing request, and any advances will be at rates indexed to the banks’ prime reference rate denominated in Japanese yen. No amounts were outstanding under any of these facilities at October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, and Applied has not utilized these credit facilities. In fiscal 2011, Applied established a short-term commercial paper program of up to $1.5 billion. At October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014, Applied did not have any commercial paper outstanding. In September 2015, Applied issued senior unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1.8 billion and used a portion of the net proceeds to redeem $400 million in principal amount of its 2.650% senior notes due in 2016 at a redemption price of $405 million in November 2015. After adjusting for the carrying value of debt issuance costs and discounts, Applied recorded a $5 million loss on the prepayment of the $400 million debt, which will be included as a non-operating loss in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the first quarter of fiscal 2016. In October 2015, a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary of Applied entered into a short-term loan agreement with multiple lenders, under which it borrowed $800 million to facilitate the return of capital to Applied. Debt outstanding as of October 25, 2015 and October 26, 2014 was as follows: Principal Amount October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 Effective Interest Rate Interest Pay Dates (In millions) Short-term debt: 2.650% Senior Notes Due 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Other debt Total short-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt: 2.650% Senior Notes Due 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.125% Senior Notes Due 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.625% Senior Notes Due 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.300% Senior Notes Due 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.900% Senior Notes Due 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.100% Senior Notes Due 2035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.850% Senior Notes Due 2041 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total unamortized discount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 400 800 1,200 2.666% — — 1.0% - 1.25% — June 15, December 15 2.666% 7.190% 2.640% 4.326% 3.944% 5.127% 5.879% June 15, December 15 April 15, October 15 April 1, October 1 June 15, December 15 April 1, October 1 April 1, October 1 June 15, December 15 — 200 600 750 700 500 600 3,350 (8) 3,342 400 200 — 750 — — 600 1,950 (3) 1,947 Total debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,542 $ 1,947 88 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 11 Restructuring Charges and Asset Impairments From time to time, Applied initiates restructuring activities to appropriately align its cost structure and product investments relative to prevailing market conditions, competitive environment and customer demand. Costs associated with restructuring actions can include termination benefits and related charges, in addition to facility closure, contract termination and other related activities. Restructuring charges and asset impairments are included in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes major components of the restructuring and asset impairment charges during each fiscal year: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 2012 Global Restructuring Plan Severance and other employee-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (1) $ 5 $ 2012 EES Restructuring Plan Severance and other employee-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contract cancellation and other costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Others Severance and other employee-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contract cancellation and other costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (2) — 9 1 7 14 $ — — — — — — 5 $ $ Restructuring and asset impairment charges for each fiscal year were recorded as follows: Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate Unallocated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — 15 (1) 14 $ — $ — — 5 5 $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 39 8 6 12 2 (4) — 63 1 2 25 35 63 89 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 2012 Global Restructuring Plan On October 3, 2012, Applied announced a restructuring plan (the 2012 Global Restructuring Plan) to realign its global workforce and enhance its ability to invest for growth. Under this plan, Applied implemented a voluntary retirement program and other workforce reduction actions. The voluntary retirement program was available to certain U.S. employees who met minimum age and length of service requirements, as well as other business-specific criteria. Applied implemented other workforce reduction actions globally across multiple business segments and functions, the extent of which depended on the number of employees who participated in the voluntary retirement program and other considerations. A total of approximately 1,300 positions were affected under this plan. As of January 26, 2014, principal activities related to this plan were complete. During fiscal 2014 and 2013, Applied recognized $5 million and $39 million, respectively, of employee-related costs in connection with the 2012 Global Restructuring Plan. Total costs incurred in implementing this plan were $150 million, none of which were allocated to the operating segments. 2012 EES Restructuring Plan On May 10, 2012, Applied announced a plan (the 2012 EES Restructuring Plan) to restructure its Energy and Environmental Solutions segment in light of challenging industry conditions affecting the solar photovoltaic and light-emitting diode (LED) equipment markets. As part of this plan, Applied relocated certain manufacturing, business operations and customer support functions of its precision wafering systems business and ceased LED development activities. The 2012 EES Restructuring Plan also impacted certain LED support activities in the Applied Global Services segment. The 2012 EES Restructuring Plan impacted approximately 300 positions globally. As of October 27, 2013, principal activities related to this plan were complete. Total costs incurred in implementing this plan were $87 million, of which $13 million were inventory-related charges. During fiscal 2015, Applied recorded a favorable adjustment of $2 million associated with restructuring reserves under this program. During fiscal 2013, Applied recognized $26 million, of restructuring and asset impairment charges in connection with the 2012 EES Restructuring Plan. These costs were reported in the Energy and Environmental Solutions and Applied Global Services segments. Other During fiscal 2015, Applied implemented cost reduction measures in its solar business to achieve a lower break-even level and improve business performance and incurred $17 million in restructuring charges and asset impairments and $35 million of inventory-related charges recorded in cost of products sold. These costs are reported in Applied Global Services and Energy and Environmental Solutions segments. Total costs expected to be incurred in implementing these actions are in the range of $45 million to $55 million. Applied expects to complete the principal activities related to these actions by the second quarter of fiscal 2016. As of October 25, 2015, the restructuring accruals related to these actions were $4 million, of which $3 million is related to severance and other employee cost accruals. During fiscal 2013, Applied also recognized $2 million of severance and other employee-related costs in connection with the integration of Varian. These costs were reported in the Silicon Systems and Applied Global Services segments. As of October 26, 2015, there were no remaining severance accrual associated with restructuring reserves under this program. 90 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Changes in restructuring reserves were as follows: 2012 Global Restructuring Plan 2012 EES Restructuring Plan Others Severance and Other Employee- Related Costs Severance and Other Employee- Related Costs Contract Cancellation and Other Costs Severance and Other Employee- Related Costs Contract Cancellation and Other Costs Total Balance, October 28, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provision for restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumption of reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustment of restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, October 27, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provision for restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumption of reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustment of restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, October 26, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provision for restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumption of reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustment of restructuring reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, October 25, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 106 $ 16 $ (In millions) 1 $ 5 $ 5 $ 7 (18) — 5 — (5) — $ 8 (2) (2) 5 — (1) — $ 2 (5) — 2 — (2) — $ — $ 4 $ — $ — — — — $ — (1) (2) 1 8 (5) — — — (4) 1 — — — 1 1 (1) — $ $ 133 52 (136) (10) 39 7 (35) (2) 9 9 (9) (3) 6 $ 3 $ 1 $ 35 (111) (4) 26 7 (27) (2) 4 — (2) (1) 1 $ $ $ 91 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 12 Stockholders’ Equity, Comprehensive Income and Share-Based Compensation Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Changes in the components of AOCI, net of tax, were as follows: Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments, Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments Qualifying as Cash Flow Hedges Defined and Postretirement Benefit Plans Cumulative Translation Adjustments Total Balance at October 27, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 25 $ Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts reclassified out of AOCI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at October 26, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts reclassified out of AOCI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax . . . . . . Balance at October 25, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8 (9) (1) 24 (11) 1 (10) 14 $ $ Stock Repurchase Program (In millions) $ (72) $ 2 7 $ 4 (6) (2) — $ (9) (6) (15) (15) $ (36) 3 (33) (105) $ (5) 5 — (105) $ $ (2) — (2) 5 — 9 9 14 $ (38) (26) (12) (38) (76) (25) 9 (16) (92) On April 26, 2015, Applied's Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program authorizing up to $3.0 billion in repurchases over the three years ending April 2018. At October 25, 2015, $1.7 billion remained available for future stock repurchases under this repurchase program. Applied's prior stock repurchase program ended in March 2015. The following table summarizes Applied’s stock repurchases for each fiscal year: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions, except per share amounts) Shares of common stock repurchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of stock repurchased . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Average price paid per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 76 1,325 17.33 — — $ — $ 18 245 13.60 Applied records treasury stock purchases under the cost method using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Upon reissuance of treasury stock, amounts in excess of the acquisition cost are credited to additional paid in capital. If Applied reissues treasury stock at an amount below its acquisition cost and additional paid in capital associated with prior treasury stock transactions is insufficient to cover the difference between the acquisition cost and the reissue price, this difference is recorded against retained earnings. 92 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Dividends During each of fiscal 2015 and 2014, Applied's Board of Directors declared four quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share. During fiscal 2013, Applied’s Board of Directors declared three quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share and one quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share. Dividends paid during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $487 million, $485 million and $456 million, respectively. Applied currently anticipates that cash dividends will continue to be paid on a quarterly basis, although the declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on Applied’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination by the Board of Directors that cash dividends are in the best interests of Applied’s stockholders. Share-Based Compensation Applied has a stockholder-approved equity plan, the Employee Stock Incentive Plan, which permits grants to employees of share-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and performance units. In addition, the plan provides for the automatic grant of restricted stock units to non-employee directors and permits the grant of share-based awards to non-employee directors and consultants. Share-based awards made beginning in March 2012 under the plan may be subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances in the event of a change in control of Applied. Applied also has two Employee Stock Purchase Plans, one generally for United States employees and a second generally for employees of international subsidiaries (collectively, ESPP), which enable eligible employees to purchase Applied common stock. Applied recognized total share-based compensation expense related to stock options, ESPP shares, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and performance units, and related tax benefits for each fiscal year as follows: Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Tax benefit recognized. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 187 52 $ $ 177 50 $ $ The effect of share-based compensation on the results of operations for each fiscal year was as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) Cost of products sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Research, development, and engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketing and selling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 57 69 26 35 — 187 $ $ 53 66 23 35 — 177 $ $ 162 45 50 53 20 34 5 162 The cost associated with share-based awards that are subject solely to time-based vesting requirements, less expected forfeitures, is recognized over the awards’ service period for the entire award on a straight-line basis. The cost associated with performance-based equity awards is recognized for each tranche over the service period, based on an assessment of the likelihood that the applicable performance goals will be achieved. At October 25, 2015, Applied had $262 million in total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to grants of share-based awards and shares issued under Applied’s ESPP, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years. At October 25, 2015, there were 126 million shares available for grants of share-based awards under the Employee Stock Incentive Plan, and an additional 29 million shares available for issuance under the ESPP. 93 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Stock Options Applied grants options to purchase, at future dates, shares of its common stock to employees and consultants. The exercise price of each stock option equals the fair market value of Applied common stock on the date of grant. Options typically vest over three to four years, subject to the grantee’s continued service with Applied through the scheduled vesting date, and expire no later than seven years from the grant date. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model was developed for use in estimating the value of publicly traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. Applied’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of publicly traded options. There were no stock options granted during fiscal 2015 and 2014. The weighted average assumptions used in the model for the stock options granted and assumed are outlined below: Stock Options: Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected volatility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected life (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 2.7% 29.5% 1.44% 4.5 Information with respect to stock options for each fiscal year is as follows: Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total fair value of stock options vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash received from stock option exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Actual tax benefit realized from options exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Stock option activity during each fiscal year was as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 19 $ $ $ $ $ 39 1 29 12 6 6 1 3 2 $ $ $ $ $ 49 63 4 88 19 2015 2014 2013 Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Shares (In millions, except per share amounts) Outstanding, beginning of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted and assumed in Varian acquisition . . . . . . . . . . Exercised. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled and forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding, end of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercisable, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 $ — $ (1) $ — $ $ 1 $ 1 10.87 — 5.90 — 12.45 10.98 $ 6 — $ (4) $ — $ $ 2 $ 1 9.12 — 7.85 — 10.87 7.97 $ 21 1 $ (11) $ (5) $ $ 6 $ 5 10.53 15.06 8.16 17.62 9.12 7.90 94 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The following table summarizes information with respect to options outstanding and exercisable at October 25, 2015: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Range of Exercise Prices Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (In years) Number of Shares (In millions) $3.36 — $9.99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10.00 — $15.06 . . . . . . . . . . . . Options exercisable and expected to become exercisable . — $ 1 1 1 $ $ $ 5.58 15.03 12.45 12.45 1.12 4.80 3.79 3.79 Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In millions) 4 $ 2 6 6 $ $ Number of Shares (In millions) — $ 1 1 $ $ Weighted Average Exercise Price 5.58 15.00 10.98 $ Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In millions) 4 $ 1 5 Option prices at the lower end of the range were principally attributable to stock options assumed in connection with the Varian acquisition in fiscal 2012. Restricted Stock Units, Restricted Stock, Performance Shares and Performance Units Restricted stock units are converted into shares of Applied common stock upon vesting on a one-for-one basis. Restricted stock has the same rights as other issued and outstanding shares of Applied common stock except these shares generally have no right to dividends and are held in escrow until the award vests. Performance shares and performance units are awards that result in a payment to a grantee, generally in shares of Applied common stock on a one-for-one basis if performance goals and/or other vesting criteria established by the Human Resources and Compensation Committee of Applied's Board of Directors (the Committee) are achieved or the awards otherwise vest. Restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units typically vest over four years and vesting is usually subject to the grantee’s continued service with Applied and, in some cases, achievement of specified performance goals. The compensation expense related to the service-based awards is determined using the fair market value of Applied common stock on the date of the grant, and the compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period. Restricted stock, performance shares and performance units granted to certain executive officers are subject to the achievement of specified performance goals (performance-based awards). These performance-based awards become eligible to vest only if performance goals are achieved and then actually will vest only if the grantee remains employed by Applied through each applicable vesting date. These performance-based awards require the achievement of targeted levels of adjusted annual operating profit margin. For performance-based awards granted in fiscal 2015 and 2013, additional shares become eligible for time-based vesting if Applied achieves certain levels of total shareholder return (TSR) relative to a peer group, comprised of companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 Information Technology Index, measured at the end of a two-year period. The fair value of these performance-based awards is estimated on the date of grant and assumes that the specified performance goals will be achieved. If the goals are achieved, these awards vest over a specified remaining service period of generally three or four years, provided that the grantee remains employed by Applied through each scheduled vesting date. If the performance goals are not met as of the end of the performance period, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed. The expected cost of each award is reflected over the service period and is reduced for estimated forfeitures. 95 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) A summary of the changes in restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units outstanding under Applied’s equity compensation plans is presented below: Non-vested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units at October 28, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units at October 27, 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units at October 26, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units at October 25, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units expected to vest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value Shares (In millions, except per share amounts) 36 $ 19 $ (11) $ (6) $ 38 $ 11 $ (13) $ (3) $ 33 $ 10 $ (15) $ (1) $ 27 24 $ $ 11.53 10.55 11.44 11.28 11.11 16.58 11.13 11.72 12.59 22.60 12.04 14.98 16.41 15.93 2.6 years $ 376 2.4 years $ 662 2.3 years $ 698 2.2 years $ 2.0 years $ 440 402 At October 25, 2015, 1 million additional performance-based awards could be earned upon certain levels of achievement of Applied's TSR relative to a peer group at a future date. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from vested restricted stock units during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 totaled $103 million, $61 million and $42 million, respectively. Employee Stock Purchase Plans Under the ESPP, substantially all employees may purchase Applied common stock through payroll deductions at a price equal to 85 percent of the lower of the fair market value of Applied common stock at the beginning or end of each 6-month purchase period, subject to certain limits. The number of shares issued under the ESPP during fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 was 5 million, 6 million and 7 million, respectively. Compensation expense is calculated using the fair value of the employees’ purchase rights under the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Underlying assumptions used in the model and the weighted average estimated fair value of purchase rights under the ESPP for each fiscal year are outlined in the following table: ESPP: Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected volatility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected life (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average estimated fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 2.20% 31.8% 0.19% 0.5 $4.55 1.96% 26.3% 0.06% 0.5 $4.56 2.80% 24.8% 0.09% 0.5 $3.08 96 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 13 Employee Benefit Plans Employee Bonus Plans Applied has various employee bonus plans. A discretionary bonus plan provides for the distribution of a percentage of pre- tax income to Applied employees who are not participants in other performance-based incentive plans, up to a maximum percentage of eligible compensation. Other plans provide for bonuses to Applied’s executives and other key contributors based on the achievement of profitability and/or other specified performance criteria. Charges under these plans for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $307 million, $290 million and $269 million, respectively. Employee Savings and Retirement Plan Applied’s Employee Savings and Retirement Plan (the 401(k) Plan) is qualified under Sections 401(a) and (k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code). Eligible employees may make salary deferral and catch-up contributions under the 401(k) Plan on a pre-tax basis and on a Roth basis, subject to an annual dollar limit established by the Code. Applied matches 100% of participant salary and/or Roth deferral contributions up to the first 3% of eligible contribution and then 50% of every dollar between 4% and 6% of eligible contribution. Applied does not make matching contributions on any catch-up contributions made by participants. Plan participants who were employed by Applied or any of its affiliates became 100% vested in their Applied matching contribution account balances. Applied’s matching contributions under the 401(k) Plan were approximately $35 million, net of $1 million in forfeitures, for fiscal 2015 and $29 million, net of $1 million in forfeitures, for each of fiscal 2014 and 2013. Defined Benefit Pension Plans of Foreign Subsidiaries and Other Post-Retirement Benefits Several of Applied’s foreign subsidiaries have defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all of their eligible employees. Benefits under these plans are typically based on years of service and final average compensation levels. The plans are managed in accordance with applicable local statutes and practices. Applied deposits funds for certain of these plans with insurance companies, pension trustees, government-managed accounts, and/or accrues the expense for the unfunded portion of the benefit obligation on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Applied’s practice is to fund the various pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the minimum requirements as established by applicable local governmental oversight and taxing authorities. Depending on the design of the plan, local custom and market circumstances, the liabilities of a plan may exceed qualified plan assets. The differences between the aggregate projected benefit obligations and aggregate plan assets of these plans have been recorded as liabilities by Applied and are included in other liabilities and accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Applied also has a U.S. post-retirement plan that provides certain medical and vision benefits to eligible retirees who are at least age 55 and whose years of service plus their age equals at least 65 at their date of retirement. An eligible retiree also may elect coverage for an eligible spouse or domestic partner who is not eligible for Medicare. Coverage under the plan generally ends for both the retiree and spouse or domestic partner upon becoming eligible for Medicare. In addition, Applied also has a post- retirement benefit plan as a result of the acquisition of Varian. Applied’s liability under these post-retirement plans, which was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $21 million at October 25, 2015 and $34 million at October 26, 2014. 97 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) A summary of the changes in benefit obligations and plan assets, which includes post-retirement benefits, for each fiscal year is presented below: Change in projected benefit obligation Beginning projected benefit obligation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan participants’ contributions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actuarial (gain) loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Curtailments, settlements and special termination benefits . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency exchange rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan amendments and business combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Ending accumulated benefit obligation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Range of assumptions to determine benefit obligations Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in plan assets Beginning fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Return on plan assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employer contributions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan participants’ contributions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency exchange rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Divestitures, settlements and business combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Funded status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets Noncurrent asset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Current liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Estimated amortization from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal period Actuarial loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Prior service cost credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss Net actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Prior service cost (credit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets Projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets Accumulated benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 98 2015 2014 2013 (In millions, except percentages) 479 15 13 1 12 (1) (39) (9) — 471 434 $ $ $ 445 17 17 1 62 (26) (22) (12) (3) 479 446 $ $ $ 434 20 15 1 (16) (8) 10 (10) (1) 445 409 0.9% - 4.4% 1.9% - 3.6% 1.0% - 4.4% 2.0% - 4.0% 1.1% - 4.5% 2.0% - 4.7% $ 268 19 21 1 (18) (1) (9) 281 $ (190) $ $ 19 (3) (206) (190) $ 6 (1) 5 135 — 135 308 98 274 98 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 248 20 48 1 (11) (26) (12) 268 $ (211) $ $ 17 (3) (225) (211) $ 6 — 6 134 (1) 133 326 98 297 98 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 214 18 24 1 8 (7) (10) 248 (197) 9 (4) (202) (197) 4 — 4 91 2 93 438 233 269 99 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Plan assets — allocation Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 39% 42% 14% 4% 1% 39% 38% 15% 5% 3% The following table presents a summary of the ending fair value of the plan assets: October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Equity securities . . . . . . . $ Debt securities . . . . . . . . . Insurance contracts . . . . . Other investments . . . . . . Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 42 8 — — 2 52 $ $ 66 111 — 12 — 189 $ $ — $ — 40 — — 40 $ $ (In millions) 108 119 40 12 2 281 $ 38 8 — — 9 55 $ $ 66 94 — 12 — 172 $ $ — $ — 41 — — 41 $ The following table presents the activity in Level 3 instruments for each fiscal year: 2015 2014 Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Actual return on plan assets: Relating to assets still held at reporting date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases, sales, settlements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Currency impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (In millions) 41 $ 2 1 (4) 40 $ 104 102 41 12 9 268 47 — (2) (4) 41 Applied’s investment strategy for its defined benefit plans is to invest plan assets in a prudent manner, maintaining well- diversified portfolios with the long-term objective of meeting the obligations of the plans as they come due. Asset allocation decisions are typically made by plan fiduciaries with input from Applied’s international pension committee. Applied’s asset allocation strategy incorporates a sufficient equity exposure in order for the plans to benefit from the expected better long-term performance of equities relative to the plans’ liabilities. Applied retains investment managers, where appropriate, to manage the assets of the plans. Performance of investment managers is monitored by plan fiduciaries with the assistance of local investment consultants. The investment managers make investment decisions within the guidelines set forth by plan fiduciaries. Risk management practices include diversification across asset classes and investment styles, and periodic rebalancing toward target asset allocation ranges. Investment managers may use derivative instruments for efficient portfolio management purposes. Plan assets do not include any of Applied’s own equity or debt securities. A summary of the components of net periodic benefit costs and the weighted average assumptions used for net periodic benefit cost and benefit obligation calculations for each fiscal year is presented below: 99 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Components of net periodic benefit cost Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Settlement and curtailment loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net periodic benefit cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Weighted average assumptions Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected long-term return on assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 (In millions, except percentages) 15 13 (15) 7 (1) 19 $ $ 17 17 (14) 4 3 27 $ $ 3.00% 5.62% 2.74% 3.68% 5.64% 3.29% 20 15 (12) 6 — 29 3.46% 5.38% 3.07% Asset return assumptions are derived based on actuarial and statistical methodologies, from analysis of long-term historical data relevant to the country in which each plan is in effect and the investments applicable to the corresponding plan. The discount rate for each plan was derived by reference to appropriate benchmark yields on high quality corporate bonds, allowing for the approximate duration of both plan obligations and the relevant benchmark yields. Future expected benefit payments for the pension plans and the post-retirement plan over the next ten fiscal years are as follows: 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2021-2025. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Company contributions to these plans for fiscal 2016 are expected to be approximately $14 million. Benefit Payments (In millions) 15 12 11 12 12 72 134 Executive Deferred Compensation Plans Applied sponsors two unfunded deferred compensation plans, the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Predecessor EDCP) and the 2016 Deferred Compensation Plan (2016 DCP) (formerly known as the 2005 Executive Deferred Compensation Plan), under which certain employees may elect to defer a portion of their following year’s eligible earnings. The Predecessor EDCP was frozen as of December 31, 2004 such that no new deferrals could be made under the plan after that date and the plan would qualify for “grandfather” relief under Section 409A of the Code. The Predecessor EDCP participant accounts continue to be maintained under the plan and credited with deemed interest. The 2016 DCP was originally implemented by Applied effective as of January 1, 2005, and amended and restated as of October 12, 2015, and is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. In addition, Applied also sponsors a non-qualified deferred compensation plan as a result of the acquisition of Varian. Amounts payable, including accrued deemed interest, totaled $38 million at October 25, 2015, which was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts payable, including accrued deemed interest, totaled $40 million at October 26, 2014, of which $35 million was included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and $5 million was included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 100 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 14 Income Taxes The components of income before income taxes for each fiscal year were as follows: U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Foreign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 629 969 1,598 $ $ 612 836 1,448 $ $ The components of the provision for income taxes for each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 Current: U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Foreign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 199 18 351 Deferred: U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (194) 69 (5) (130) 221 $ $ (In millions) $ 270 $ 97 27 394 (9) (3) (6) (18) 376 $ 194 156 350 3 72 2 77 34 (19) 2 17 94 A reconciliation between the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 35 percent and Applied’s actual effective income tax rate for each fiscal year is presented below: Tax provision at U.S. statutory rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resolutions from prior years’ income tax filings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of foreign operations taxed at various rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State income taxes, net of federal benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and other tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. domestic production deduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 35.0% (4.9) (16.3) 0.9 (0.2) (0.6) (1.1) — 0.8 0.2 13.8% 35.0% 2.0 (10.9) 1.0 (0.3) (1.3) 0.8 — 0.4 (0.7) 26.0% 35.0% (4.7) (21.1) 0.8 (5.4) (1.0) — 22.5 2.2 (1.4) 26.9% The effective tax rate for fiscal 2015 was lower than the rate for fiscal 2014 due primarily to acquisition costs that became deductible in the second quarter of fiscal 2015 as a result of the termination of the proposed business combination with TEL, an adjustment in the second quarter of fiscal 2015 to correct an error in the recognition of cost of sales in the U.S. related to intercompany sales, reinstatement of the U.S. federal research and development tax credit during the first quarter of fiscal 2015 which was retroactive to its expiration in December 2013, resolutions and changes related to income tax liabilities for prior years, and changes in the geographical composition of income. 101 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The effective tax rate for fiscal 2014 was lower than the rate for fiscal 2013 due primarily to nondeductible goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2013, offset by resolutions and changes related to prior years and expiration of the U.S. federal research and development tax credit. In the reconciliation between the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate and the actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2015, the effect of foreign operations taxed at various rates represents the difference between an income tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the recorded income tax provision, with the difference expressed as a percentage of worldwide income before income taxes. This effect is substantially related to the tax effect of foreign income before income taxes in jurisdictions with lower statutory tax rates. The foreign operations with the most significant effective tax rate impact are Singapore and Israel. The statutory tax rates for fiscal 2015 for Singapore and Israel are 17% and 26.5%, respectively. Applied has been granted tax holidays for both jurisdictions that expire in fiscal 2026 and fiscal 2017, respectively, excluding potential renewals and subject to certain conditions with which Applied expects to comply. The tax benefit arising from these tax holidays was $68 million for fiscal 2015 or $0.06 per diluted share. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows: Deferred tax assets: Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Inventory reserves and basis difference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation and warranty reserves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax credits and net operating losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross deferred tax assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liabilities: Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Undistributed foreign earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total gross deferred tax liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 20 $ 155 11 106 17 196 79 53 — 150 787 (207) 580 (15) (91) (68) (4) (178) 402 $ 26 128 18 123 32 160 44 57 16 27 631 (173) 458 — (92) (87) (12) (191) 267 The following table presents the breakdown between current and non-current net deferred tax assets and liabilities: 102 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Current deferred tax asset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Non-current deferred tax asset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-current deferred tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) 403 $ 55 (56) 402 $ 232 67 (32) 267 Current deferred tax liabilities are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and non-current deferred tax liabilities are included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. A valuation allowance is recorded to reflect the estimated amount of net deferred tax assets that may not be realized. Changes in the valuation allowance in each fiscal year were as follows: Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Increases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decreases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 116 $ 60 (3) 173 $ $ $ 173 40 (6) 207 46 70 — 116 For fiscal 2015, U.S. income taxes have not been provided for approximately $4.1 billion of cumulative undistributed earnings of several foreign subsidiaries. Applied intends to reinvest these earnings indefinitely in operations outside of the U.S. If these earnings were distributed to the U.S. in the form of dividends or otherwise, or if the shares of the relevant foreign subsidiaries were sold or otherwise transferred, Applied would be subject to additional U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and foreign withholding taxes. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred income tax liability related to these earnings is not practicable. At October 25, 2015, Applied has state research and development tax credit carryforwards of $179 million, including $143 million of credits that are carried over until exhausted and $36 million which are carried over for 15 years and begin to expire in fiscal 2021. Applied has a net operating loss carryover in state jurisdictions of $34 million which begin to expire in fiscal 2018. Management believes it is more likely than not that all loss and tax credit carryovers at October 25, 2015, net of valuation allowance, will be utilized in future periods. Applied’s income taxes payable have been reduced by the tax benefits associated with employee stock option transactions. These benefits, credited directly to stockholders’ equity with a corresponding reduction to taxes payable, amounted to $56 million, $27 million and $11 million for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Applied maintains liabilities for uncertain tax positions. These liabilities involve considerable judgment and estimation and are continuously monitored by management based on the best information available. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of gross unrecognized tax benefits in each fiscal year is as follows: Beginning balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Settlements with tax authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lapses of statutes of limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increases in tax positions for current year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increases in tax positions for prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decreases in tax positions for prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 134 (16) (1) 43 21 (4) 177 $ $ 194 (143) (2) 52 42 (9) 134 $ $ 174 (15) (15) 48 2 — 194 103 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, a tax benefit of $6 million, a tax expense of $18 million, and a tax benefit of $1 million were realized in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, related to interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits. The liability for interest and penalties for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $14 million, $25 million and $7 million, respectively, and was classified as a non-current liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Included in the ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 are $167 million, $124 million and $183 million, respectively, of tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. Also included in the ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 are $9 million, $9 million and $10 million respectively, of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily deferred taxes. In fiscal 2015, Applied paid $19 million, including interest and penalties, as a result of a settlement of fiscal 2009 through fiscal 2011 in Italy and paid $2 million, including interest, as a result of a settlement of fiscal 2013 in Switzerland. These settlements resulted in the recognition of a tax benefit of $10 million in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In fiscal 2014, Applied received a refund of $18 million, including interest, as a result of a settlement of fiscal 2008 through fiscal 2012 in Korea, and received a refund of $17 million, including interest, as a result of a settlement with the Internal Revenue Service for fiscal 2010 related to Varian. These settlements resulted in the recognition of a tax benefit of $3 million in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In fiscal 2013, Applied received a refund of $31 million, including interest, as a result of a settlement with the Internal Revenue Service for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2009. This resulted in the recognition of a tax benefit of $12 million in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. In fiscal 2013, Applied paid $14 million to the Internal Revenue Service as part of an ongoing audit of Varian for fiscal 2010 through fiscal 2012. No tax expense or benefit was recognized. A number of Applied’s tax returns remain subject to examination by taxing authorities. These include U.S. federal and state returns for fiscal 2010 and later years, and tax returns in certain jurisdictions outside of the United States for fiscal 2009 and later years. The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations, as well as the amounts and timing of various tax payments that may be part of the settlement process, is highly uncertain. This could cause large fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current assets and non-current assets and liabilities. Applied continues to have ongoing negotiations with various taxing authorities throughout the year. Note 15 Warranty, Guarantees, Commitments and Contingencies Leases Applied leases some of its facilities and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases and has options to renew most leases, with rentals to be negotiated. Total rent expense for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, was $32 million, $37 million and $36 million, respectively. As of October 25, 2015, future minimum lease payments are expected to be as follows: Fiscal 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Lease Payments (In millions) 25 16 8 5 3 4 61 104 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Warranty Changes in the warranty reserves during each fiscal year were as follows: Beginning balance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provisions for warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumption of reserves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 113 117 (104) 126 $ $ (In millions) 102 115 (104) 113 $ $ 119 103 (120) 102 Applied products are generally sold with a 12-month warranty period following installation. The provision for the estimated cost of warranty is recorded when revenue is recognized. Parts and labor are covered under the terms of the warranty agreement. The warranty provision is based on historical experience by product, configuration and geographic region. Quarterly warranty consumption is generally associated with sales that occurred during the preceding four quarters, and quarterly warranty provisions are generally related to the current quarter’s sales. Guarantees In the ordinary course of business, Applied provides standby letters of credit or other guarantee instruments to third parties as required for certain transactions initiated by either Applied or its subsidiaries. As of October 25, 2015, the maximum potential amount of future payments that Applied could be required to make under these guarantee agreements was approximately $58 million. Applied has not recorded any liability in connection with these guarantee agreements beyond that required to appropriately account for the underlying transaction being guaranteed. Applied does not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid under these guarantee agreements. Applied also has agreements with various banks to facilitate subsidiary banking operations worldwide, including overdraft arrangements, issuance of bank guarantees, and letters of credit. As of October 25, 2015, Applied Materials Inc. has provided parent guarantees to banks for approximately $100 million to cover these arrangements. In October 2015, a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary of Applied entered into a short-term loan agreement, guaranteed by Applied, under which it borrowed $800 million to facilitate the return of capital to Applied. Legal Matters Korea Criminal Proceedings In 2010, the Seoul Eastern District Court began hearings on indictments brought by the Seoul Prosecutor's Office for the Eastern District of Korea (the Prosecutor's Office) alleging that employees of several companies improperly received and used confidential information belonging to Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (Samsung), a major Applied customer based in Korea. The individuals charged included the former head of Applied Materials Korea (AMK), who at the time of the indictment was a vice president of Applied Materials, Inc., and certain other AMK employees. Neither Applied nor any of its subsidiaries was named as a party to the proceedings. Hearings on these matters concluded in November 2012 and the Court issued its decision on February 7, 2013. As part of the ruling, nine AMK employees (including the former head of AMK) were acquitted of all charges, while one AMK employee was found guilty on some of the charges and received a suspended jail sentence. The Prosecutor's Office and various individuals appealed the matter to the High Court. On June 20, 2014, the High Court rendered its decision, finding all defendants not guilty, including all ten AMK employees. The prosecutor has appealed the High Court decision to the Korean Supreme Court. Other Matters From time to time, Applied receives notification from third parties, including customers and suppliers, seeking indemnification, litigation support, payment of money or other actions by Applied in connection with claims made against them. In addition, from time to time, Applied receives notification from third parties claiming that Applied may be or is infringing or misusing their intellectual property or other rights. Applied also is subject to various other legal proceedings and claims, both asserted and unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the outcome of the above-described matters, claims and proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, Applied does not believe that any will have a material effect on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations. 105 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Note 16 Industry Segment Operations Applied’s four reportable segments remain Silicon Systems, Applied Global Services, Display, and Energy and Environmental Solutions. As defined under the accounting literature, Applied’s chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the President and Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. During the third quarter of fiscal 2015, Applied implemented a new management structure, which resulted in changes in Applied’s reporting units. Applied determined its reporting units by first identifying its operating segments, and then assessing whether components of these operating segments constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and where segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component. Applied aggregates reporting units within an operating segment that have similar economic characteristics and are similar in nature of their products and services, production processes, type or class of customers, distribution methods and operational environment. Applied identified three reporting units, which include the Transistor and Interconnect Group, Patterning and Packaging Group, and Imaging and Process Control Group, which combine to form the Silicon Systems reporting segment. The new management structure did not affect Applied Global Services, Display and Energy and Environmental Solutions reporting segments. Each operating segment is separately managed and has separate financial results that are reviewed by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. Each reportable segment contains closely related products that are unique to the particular segment. Segment operating income is determined based upon internal performance measures used by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. Future changes to this internal financial structure may result in changes to Applied’s reportable segments. Applied derives the segment results directly from its internal management reporting system. The accounting policies Applied uses to derive reportable segment results are substantially the same as those used for external reporting purposes. Management measures the performance of each reportable segment based upon several metrics including orders, net sales and operating income. Management uses these results to evaluate the performance of, and to assign resources to, each of the reportable segments. Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments certain operating expenses that it manages separately at the corporate level, which include costs related to share-based compensation; certain management, finance, legal, human resources, and research, development and engineering functions provided at the corporate level; and unabsorbed information technology and occupancy. In addition, Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments restructuring and asset impairment charges and any associated adjustments related to restructuring actions, unless these actions pertain to a specific reportable segment. Segment operating income excludes interest income/expense and other financial charges and income taxes. Management does not consider the unallocated costs in measuring the performance of the reportable segments. The Silicon Systems reportable segment includes semiconductor capital equipment for etch, rapid thermal processing, deposition, chemical mechanical planarization, metrology and inspection, wafer packaging, and ion implantation. The Applied Global Services segment includes technically differentiated products and services to improve operating efficiency, reduce operating costs and lessen the environmental impact of semiconductor, display and solar customers' factories. Applied Global Services’ products consist of spares, services, certain earlier generation products, remanufactured equipment, and products that have reached a particular stage in the product lifecycle. Customer demand for these products and services is fulfilled through a global distribution system with trained service engineers located in close proximity to customer sites. The Display segment includes products for manufacturing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and other display technologies for TVs, personal computers, tablets, smart phones, and other consumer-oriented devices. The Energy and Environmental Solutions segment includes products for fabricating solar photovoltaic cells and modules, as well as high throughput roll-to-roll deposition equipment for flexible electronics and other applications. 106 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Information for each reportable segment for and as of the end of each fiscal year is as follows: 2015: Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . Total Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2014: Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . Total Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2013: Silicon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Applied Global Services . . . . . . . . . . . . Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Environmental Solutions . . Total Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net Sales Operating Income (Loss) Depreciation/ Amortization Capital Expenditures Segment Assets (In millions) 6,135 2,531 780 213 9,659 5,978 2,200 615 279 9,072 4,775 2,023 538 173 7,509 $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,410 664 156 (61) 2,169 1,391 573 129 15 2,108 876 436 74 (433) 953 $ $ $ $ $ $ 268 10 5 7 290 268 11 5 9 293 260 13 8 22 303 $ $ $ $ $ $ 115 12 13 3 143 134 7 4 1 146 118 7 6 1 132 $ $ $ $ $ $ 5,464 2,254 456 118 8,292 5,508 2,042 423 173 8,146 5,525 1,958 293 183 7,959 Operating results for fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013 included restructuring charges and asset impairments as discussed in detail in Note 11, Restructuring Charges and Asset Impairments. Reconciliations of segment operating results to Applied consolidated totals for each fiscal year are as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) Total segment operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Corporate and unallocated costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring charges and asset impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain items associated with terminated business combination . . . . . . . . . Gain (loss) on derivatives associated with terminated business combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 2,169 (515) — (50) 89 1,693 $ $ 2,108 (540) (5) (73) 30 1,520 $ 953 (462) (35) (17) (7) 432 Reconciliations of depreciation and amortization expense to Applied consolidated totals for each fiscal year are as follows: Total segment depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Depreciation on shared facilities and information technology assets . . . . . . Consolidated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) 290 81 371 $ $ 293 82 375 $ $ 303 107 410 107 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Reconciliations of capital expenditures to Applied consolidated totals for each fiscal year are as follows: Total segment capital expenditures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Shared facilities and information technology assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 143 72 215 $ $ 146 95 241 $ $ 132 65 197 Reconciliations of segment assets to Applied consolidated totals for each fiscal year are as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) Total segment assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Cash and investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for bad debts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated total assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,292 5,911 (49) 458 148 514 34 15,308 $ $ 8,146 4,060 (58) 299 147 522 58 13,174 For geographical reporting, revenue by geographic location is determined by the location of customers' facilities to which products were shipped. Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment and equity-method investments, and are attributed to the geographic location in which they are located. Net sales and long-lived assets by geographic region for and as of each fiscal year were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In millions) Net sales: United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total outside United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,630 2,600 1,623 1,654 1,078 642 432 8,029 9,659 $ $ 1,966 2,702 1,608 965 817 658 356 7,106 9,072 $ $ 1,473 2,640 787 924 685 680 320 6,036 7,509 108 APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) October 25, 2015 October 26, 2014 (In millions) Long-lived assets: United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southeast Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total outside United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 705 39 46 12 6 75 73 251 956 $ $ 636 34 61 12 5 99 77 288 924 The following customers accounted for at least 10 percent of Applied’s net sales in each fiscal year, which were for products in multiple reportable segments: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 2014 2013 18% 15% 12% 21% 13% 27% Note 17 Unaudited Quarterly Consolidated Financial Data 2015: Net sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Earnings per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2014: Net sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Earnings per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . $ First Second Third Fourth Fiscal Year Fiscal Quarter (In millions, except per share amounts) 2,359 959 348 0.28 2,190 891 253 0.21 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,442 1,016 364 0.29 2,353 1,001 262 0.21 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,490 1,018 329 0.27 2,265 992 301 0.24 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,368 959 336 0.28 2,264 959 256 0.21 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9,659 3,952 1,377 1.12 9,072 3,843 1,072 0.87 109 These Exhibits are numbered in accordance with the Exhibit Table of Item 601 of Regulation S-K: INDEX TO EXHIBITS Exhibit No. 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 10.1 10.2 Description Certificate of Incorporation of Applied Materials, Inc., as amended and restated through March 10, 2009 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Terms of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock dated as of July 9, 1999 Bylaws of Applied Materials, Inc., amended and restated to December 6, 2011 Form of Indenture (including form of debt security) between Applied Materials, Inc. and Harris Trust Company of California, as Trustee Indenture, dated June 8, 2011, by and between Applied Materials, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee First Supplemental Indenture, dated June 8, 2011, by and between Applied Materials, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee Second Supplemental Indenture, dated September 24, 2015, by and between Applied Materials, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee Form of Indemnification Agreement between Applied Materials, Inc. and Non-Employee Directors Form of Indemnification Agreement between Applied Materials, Inc. and certain of its officers 10.3 Applied Materials, Inc. Profit Sharing Scheme (Ireland) Applied Materials, Inc. amended and restated Relocation Policy Applied Materials Inc. Employee Financial Assistance Plan, amended and restated as of December 18, 2008 Deed of Amendment to Applied Materials Profit Sharing Scheme, dated February 7, 2006, to amend Clause 20 of the Trust Deed thereunder Deed of Amendment to Applied Materials Profit Sharing Scheme, dated February 7, 2006, to amend the definition of Eligible Employee in the First Schedule to the Trust Deed thereunder. Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Employees for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended Form of Performance Share Agreement for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended 10.4* 10.5* 10.6 10.7 10.8* 10.9* 10.10* 10.11* Incorporated by Reference Form 10-Q File No. 000-06920 Exhibit No. 3.1 Filing Date 6/3/2009 10-Q 000-06920 3(i)(a) 9/14/1999 8-K 000-06920 8-K 000-06920 8-K 000-06920 8-K 000-06920 3.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 12/7/2011 8/17/1994 6/10/2011 6/10/2011 8-K 000-06920 4.1 9/24/2015 10-K 000-06920 10.44 1/31/2000 10-K 000-06920 10.46 1/31/2000 S-8 8-K 333-45011 4.1 1/27/1998 000-06920 10.46 10/31/2005 10-Q 000-06920 10.58 3/3/2009 10-K 000-06920 10.48 12/12/2008 10-K 000-06920 10.49 12/12/2008 10-Q 000-06920 10.63 3/3/2009 10-Q 000-06920 10.71 6/9/2010 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended 10-Q 000-06920 10.72 6/9/2010 Form of Performance Unit Agreement for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended 10-Q 000-06920 10.1 2/27/2012 110 Exhibit No. Description 10.12* Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, amended and restated effective March 6, 2012 Incorporated by Reference Form 8-K File No. 000-06920 Exhibit No. 10.1 Filing Date 3/9/2012 10.13* Applied Materials, Inc. Senior Executive Bonus Plan, amended 8-K 000-06920 10.2 3/9/2012 10.14* 10.15* 10.16* 10.17* and restated effective March 6, 2012 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for use under the amended and restated Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Nonemployee Directors for use under the amended and restated Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan Form of Performance Shares Agreement for use under the amended and restated Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for use under the amended and restated Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan 10-Q 000-06920 10.3 5/24/2012 10-Q 000-06920 10.4 5/24/2012 10-Q 000-06920 10.5 5/24/2012 10-Q 000-06920 10.3 8/23/2012 10.18* Applied Materials, Inc. Employees' Stock Purchase Plan, amended and restated effective October 28, 2012 10-K 000-06920 10.54 12/5/2012 10.19* Offer Letter, dated August 14, 2013, between Applied 10-Q 000-06920 10.2 8/22/2013 Materials, Inc. and Gary E. Dickerson 10.20* Offer Letter, dated August 15, 2013, between Applied 10-Q 000-06920 10.3 8/22/2013 Materials, Inc. and Michael R. Splinter 10.21* 10.22* Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Employees for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended Form of Retention Bonus and Equity Award Amendment Agreement entered into between Applied Materials, Inc. and certain officers identified in the attached schedule 10-Q 000-06920 10.4 8/22/2013 10-K 000-06920 10.53 12/4/2013 10.23* Retention and Equity Award Amendment Agreement, dated 10-Q 000-06920 10.1 2/20/2014 December 20, 2013, between Applied Materials, Inc. and Michael R. Splinter 10.24* Form of Performance Unit Agreement for use under the Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended 10.25* Form of Letter of Understanding for Long-Term Assignment 10.26* 10.27* Form of Amendment to Retention Bonus and Equity Award Amendment Agreement entered into between Applied Materials, Inc. and certain officers identified in the attached schedule Equity Award Amendment Agreement, dated December 11, 2014, between Applied Materials, Inc. and Charles Read 10-Q 000-06920 10.2 2/20/2014 10-K 10-Q 000-06920 000-06920 10.49 10.2 12/17/2014 2/19/2015 10-Q 000-06920 10.3 2/19/2015 10.28* Applied Materials, Inc. Applied Incentive Plan, amended and 10-Q 000-06920 10.4 2/19/2015 restated effective October 27, 2014 111 Incorporated by Reference Form 10-Q File No. 000-06920 Exhibit No. 10.5 Filing Date 2/19/2015 8-K 000-06920 10.1 9/9/2015 8-K 000-06920 10.1 8/10/2015 Exhibit No. 10.29* Description Form of Performance Shares Agreement for fiscal 2015 performance-based equity awards for certain executive officers under the amended and restated Applied Materials, Inc. Employee Stock Incentive Plan 10.30 10.31* Credit Agreement, dated as of September 3, 2015, among Applied Materials, Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and other lenders named therein Separation Agreement and Release, dated as of August 7, 2015, by and between Randhir Thakur and Applied Materials, Inc. 10.32* Applied Materials, Inc. Stock Purchase Plan for Offshore Employees, amended and restated effective July 15, 2015† 10.33* Applied Materials, Inc. 2016 Deferred Compensation Plan† 21 23 24 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 Subsidiaries of Applied Materials, Inc.† Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, KPMG LLP† Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K)† Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002† Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002† Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002‡ Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002‡ 101.INS XBRL Instance Document‡ 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document‡ 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document‡ 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document‡ 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document‡ 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document‡ * † ‡ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement, as required by Item 15(a)(3). Filed herewith. Furnished herewith. 112 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES APPLIED MATERIALS, INC. By: /S/ GARY E. DICKERSON Gary E. Dickerson President, Chief Executive Officer Dated: December 9, 2015 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Gary E. Dickerson, Robert J. Halliday and Thomas F. Larkins, jointly and severally, his or her attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. ****** Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. /S/ GARY E. DICKERSON Gary E. Dickerson /S/ ROBERT J. HALLIDAY Robert J. Halliday /S/ CHARLES W. READ Charles W. Read /S/ WILLEM P. ROELANDTS Willem P. Roelandts /S/ XUN CHEN Xun Chen /S/ AART J. DE GEUS Aart J. de Geus /S/ STEPHEN R. FORREST Stephen R. Forrest /S/ THOMAS J. IANNOTTI Thomas J. Iannotti /S/ SUSAN M. JAMES Susan M. James Alexander A. Karsner /S/ DENNIS D. POWELL Dennis D. Powell /S/ ROBERT H. SWAN Robert H. Swan Title President, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Corporate Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) Date December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 Chairman of the Board December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 December 9, 2015 Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director 113 [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] © 2016 Applied Materials, Inc. Applied Materials, the Applied Materials logo, and product names so designated are trademarks of Applied Materials, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. All rights reserved. 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