Quarterlytics / Real Estate / REIT - Diversified / Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. / FY2016 Annual Report

Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.
Annual Report 2016

AHH · NYSE Real Estate
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Ticker AHH
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Sector Real Estate
Industry REIT - Diversified
Employees 148
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FY2016 Annual Report · Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.
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2 0 1 6   A N N U A L   R E P O R T

N Y S E

| A H H

  ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES 

We are a full service real estate 
company with extensive experience 
developing, building, acquiring and 
managing high-quality, institutional- 
grade office, retail and multifamily 
properties in attractive markets 
throughout the Mid-Atlantic and 
Southeastern United States.

Since our founding nearly four decades 
ago, our goal has been to build a port-
folio of the highest quality real estate 
through conservative, selective devel-
opment complemented by strategic 
acquisitions and dispositions. In 
2016 we continued to execute on 
our strategy to grow our portfolio, 
create value, and return that value 
to shareholders.

5

35

Virginia

Greater Baltimore/
Washington, D.C. Area

North Carolina

10

South Carolina

4

Also Indiana (1) and Tennessee (1)

Numbers include 7 current 
development projects

Portfolio Growth Since IPO $ in thousands

1

Operating Portfolio 
with Organic Growth

2

Development 
Projects

3

Strategic 
Acquisitions

$1,000,000

$900,000

$800,000

$700,000

$600,000

$500,000

$400,000

$300,000

$200,000

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$80,000

$75,000

$70,000

$65,000

$60,000

$55,000

$50,000

$45,000

$40,000

$35,000

$30,000

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IPO

3Q2013

4Q2013

1Q2014

2Q2014

3Q2014

4Q2014

1Q2015

2Q2015

3Q2015

4Q2015

1Q2016

2Q2016

3Q2016

4Q2016

Stable Portfolio at IPO

Acquisitions—Cash

Acquisitions—1031/Op Unit

Development

Rental Property NOI (Annualized)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A R M A D A   H O F F L E R   P R O P E R T I E S     |     2 0 1 6   A N N U A L   R E P O R T

Analysts’ NAV per Share Consensus(1)

Normalized FFO per Share

Common Stock Dividends per Share

$15

12

9

6

3

0

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0

–10%

–20%

$1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0

$0.80

0.70

0.60

0.50

0.40

0.30

0.20

0.10

0

2013
IPO

2016

2014

2016

2013
IPO

1Q17
Annualized

27%

23%

19%

Growth

Growth

Growth

Total Shareholder Return Since IPO

2016 Total Shareholder Return

59%

48%

27%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0

–10%

–20%

47%

21%

9%

M 05-2013

M 08-2013

M 11-2013

M 02-2014

M 05-2014

M 08-2014

M 11-2014

M 02-2015

M 05-2015

M 08-2015

M 11-2015

M 02-2016

M 05-2016

M 08-2016

M 11-2016

M 01-2016

M 02-2016

M 03-2016

M 04-2016

M 05-2016

M 06-2016

M 07-2016

M 08-2016

M 09-2016

M 10-2016

M 11-2016

M 12-2016

AHH

MSCI US REIT (RMS)

Russell 2000        

59%

47%

Based on the closing stock price as of December 30, 2016.

Based on the closing stock price as of December 30, 2016.

(1) Analysts’ Net Asset Value (NAV) per share consensus has been obtained from SNL Financial, which is based on NAV estimates made by the analysts who cover our company. The estimates made 

by these analysts are theirs alone and do not represent estimates by us or management. We do not by the reference above imply our endorsement or adoption of or concurrence with such information 
or conclusions.

0 1

N Y S E

| A H H

TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS

2016 at a Glance

$1.3B

ADDED TO THE 
MSCI US REIT 
INDEX (RMZ)

4.9%

Enterprise Value

as of 11/30/2016

Dividend Yield as of 12/31/2016

With the presidential election now behind us, we can now focus our attention 
on adapting to the evolving financial, regulatory and business environment under 
the new administration. But before we turn the page on 2016, let’s reflect on 
what was, by all accounts, an outstanding year for our company. 

WE AT ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES ARE PROUD TO REPORT ANOTHER 
YEAR OF SOLID FINANCIAL RESULTS.

Specifically, during 2016 we:

STRATEGY

• grew Normalized FFO per share from $0.93 to $1.01,

Our strategy is simple, but it has served the Company well throughout 

• increased NOI by 25% over 2015,

• raised cash dividends to $0.72 per share,

• acquired over $260 million of assets,

our 38-year history:

• develop and invest in the highest quality real estate in high barrier- 

to-entry locations in order to maintain high occupancy and achieve 

• added $245 million of new projects to our development pipeline,

premium rental rates through varying economic cycles,

• delivered Nine East 33rd in partnership with Johns Hopkins 

• maintain full-service capabilities across the real estate spectrum—

University,

development, construction and asset management—in order to 

• maintained core portfolio occupancy over 94%,

execute on all types of opportunities throughout the investment cycle,

• added over $290 million to third party construction backlog,

• capitalize on public-private partnership, joint venture, acquisition and 

• increased the capacity of our credit facility to $250 million,

disposition opportunities,

• surpassed $1 billion of enterprise value and

• create value and maximize the wholesale-to-retail spread in our 

• joined the MSCI US REIT Index.

projects by controlling both costs and schedule with our development 

By almost any measure, this past year was a success, which we 

attribute to our steady focus on executing our long-term strategy.

and construction expertise and

• maintain a strong balance sheet in order to provide both consistent 

access to capital and the flexibility to make opportunistic investments.

0 2

A R M A D A   H O F F L E R   P R O P E R T I E S     |     2 0 1 6   A N N U A L   R E P O R T

Phase VI of the Town Center of Virginia Beach

TOTAL SHAREHOLDER RETURN

recessions, our management team has stayed true to our strategy…

The successful execution of our strategy was rewarded with strong 

and regardless of the changing business or political landscape, our 

absolute and relative share price performance during 2016. Total 

core values remain the same. We are deeply appreciative of our team’s 

shareholder return for the year was 47%, outperforming the MSCI US 

loyalty and commitment, without which we could not accomplish all 

REIT Index, the Russell 2000 Index and 94% of all publicly-traded 

that we do.

equity REITs. 

We would like to thank all of our colleagues at Armada Hoffler Properties, 

For the period from our initial public offering in May 2013 to the end of 

as well as our Board of Directors, for all of their contributions in 2016. 

2016, total shareholder return was 59%, outpacing both the MSCI US 

Most importantly, we would like to thank you, our shareholders, for 

REIT Index and the Russell 2000 Index over the same period.

your continued support.

DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE

Looking back over the last three years, we’ve successfully produced 

and delivered over $300 million of new real estate, creating what we 

believe is over $50 million of equity in the process, some of which 

we’ve monetized, but all of which has manifested itself in healthy NOI 

Daniel A. Hoffler

and net asset value growth.

Executive Chairman of the Board

Today, our predevelopment and development pipeline approaches 

$440 million and reaches as far north as the Inner Harbor of Baltimore, 

through the greater Washington DC metro area, into downtown Durham, 

midtown Charlotte and the historic Charleston Peninsula. With not only 

the volume but the quality of projects in our current pipeline, our 

potential for value creation has never been greater. 

Given our track record of success over nearly four decades, we have 

every reason to believe that the best is yet to come.

ORGANIZATION AND TEAM

At Armada Hoffler Properties, we are fortunate to have a talented and 

Louis S. Haddad

President and Chief Executive Officer

dedicated team that takes pride in the quality of their work and the real 

A. Russell Kirk

estate that we produce. For nearly four decades and through four 

Vice Chairman of the Board

0 3

N Y S E

| A H H

 2016 HIGHLIGHTS   

Portfolio

Development

Construction

High Occupancy

Growth Pipeline

Reduces Development Risk

Consistent Cash Flow

Wholesale Equity Creation

Fee Income

94%

Core portfolio occupancy 
as of December 31, 2016

20%

Target wholesale-to-retail spread

$5.7M

2016 annual segment 
gross profit

Nine East 33rd Apartments

Harding Place

Harbor East

0 4

2 0 1 6   F I N A N C I A L   I N F O R M A T I O N

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
_________________________________________________________________

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 
or

? TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 
1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 001-35908
_________________________________________________________________
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
_________________________________________________________________

Maryland

(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

222 Central Park Avenue, Suite 2100

Virginia Beach, Virginia

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

46-1214914

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

23462

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code (757) 366-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

Name Of Each Exchange On Which Registered
New York Stock Exchange

_________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
_________________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ?    No   

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    Y

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for 
the past 90 days.    Y

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to 
be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Y

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, 
to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to 
this Form 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the 
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer

?

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

?  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

?

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Y

As of June 30, 2016, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s 
common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $443.0 million, based on the closing sales price of $13.74 per share as reported on the 
New York Stock Exchange. (For purposes of this calculation all of the registrant’s directors and executive officers are deemed affiliates of the registrant.)

As of February 28, 2017, the registrant had 37,588,278 shares of common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this 
report. The registrant expects to file its Definitive Proxy Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2016.  

 
 
    
 
 
PART I 

Item 1. 
Item 1A. 
Item 1B. 

Item 2. 
Item 3. 

Item 4. 
PART II 
Item 5. 

Item 6. 

Item 9A. 
Item 9B. 
PART III 

Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016 

Table of Contents

Business.
Risk Factors.
Unresolved Staff Comments.
Properties.
Legal Proceedings.
Mine Safety Disclosures.

Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities.
Selected Financial Data.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 7. 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Item 8. 
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Item 9. 
Controls and Procedures.
Other Information.

Item 10. 

Item 11. 
Item 12. 
Item 13. 

Item 14. 
PART IV 

Item 15. 
Item 16.
Signatures 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Executive Compensation.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

Form 10-K Summary.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing 

elsewhere in this report. This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We 
caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this report, or which management may make orally or in 
writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to, 
management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” 
“should,” “will,” “result” and similar expressions, which do not relate solely to historical matters, are intended to identify 
forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are not guarantees of future 
performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control. 
Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results 
may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. We caution you that while forward-looking statements 
reflect our good faith beliefs when we make them, they are not guarantees of future performance and are impacted by actual 
events when they occur after we make such statements. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking 
statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Accordingly, 
investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which are based on results and trends at the time 
they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties and you should not rely on them as predictions 

of future events. Forward-looking statements depend on assumptions, data or methods which may be incorrect or imprecise and 
we may not be able to realize them. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described will happen as described (or 
that they will happen at all). The following factors, among others, could cause actual results and future events to differ 
materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-looking statements:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

adverse economic or real estate developments, either nationally or in the markets in which our properties are 
located;

our failure to develop the properties in our development pipeline successfully, on the anticipated timeline or at 
the anticipated costs;

our failure to generate sufficient cash flows to service our outstanding indebtedness; 

defaults on, early terminations of or non-renewal of leases by tenants, including significant tenants; 

bankruptcy or insolvency of a significant tenant or a substantial number of smaller tenants;

difficulties in identifying or completing development, acquisition or disposition opportunities;

our failure to successfully operate developed and acquired properties;

our failure to generate income in our general contracting and real estate services segment in amounts that we 
anticipate;

fluctuations in interest rates and increased operating costs;

our failure to obtain necessary outside financing on favorable terms or at all;

our inability to extend the maturity of or refinance existing debt or comply with the financial covenants in the 
agreements that govern our existing debt;

financial market fluctuations;

risks that affect the general retail environment or the market for office properties or multifamily units;

the competitive environment in which we operate;

decreased rental rates or increased vacancy rates;

conflicts of interests with our officers and directors;

lack or insufficient amounts of insurance;

ii

 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

environmental uncertainties and risks related to adverse weather conditions and natural disasters;

other factors affecting the real estate industry generally;

our failure to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax 
purposes;

limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to maintain our 
qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and

changes in governmental regulations or interpretations thereof, such as real estate and zoning laws and 
increases in real property tax rates and taxation of REITs.

  While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. We 

disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying 
assumptions or factors, of new information, data or methods, future events or other changes after the date of this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K, except as required by applicable law. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements 
that are based on information currently available to us or the third parties making the forward-looking statements. For a further 
discussion of these and other factors that could impact our future results, performance or transactions, see the risk factors 
described in Item 1A herein and in other documents that we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (the “SEC”).

iii

 
 
Item 1. 

Business. 

Our Company

PART I

References to “we,” “our,” “us” and “our company” refer to Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, 

together with our consolidated subsidiaries, including Armada Hoffler, L.P., a Virginia limited partnership (the “Operating 
Partnership”), of which we are the sole general partner.

We are a full service real estate company with extensive experience developing, building, owning and managing high-
quality, institutional-grade office, retail and multifamily properties in attractive markets primarily throughout the Mid-Atlantic 
and Southeastern United States. In addition to the ownership of our operating property portfolio, we develop and build 
properties for our own account and through joint ventures between us and unaffiliated partners. We also provide general 
contracting services to third parties. Our construction and development experience includes mid- and high-rise office buildings, 
retail strip malls and retail power centers, multifamily apartment communities, hotels and conference centers, single- and multi-
tenant industrial, distribution and manufacturing facilities, educational, medical and special purpose facilities, government 
projects, parking garages and mixed-use town centers. Our third-party construction contracts have included signature properties 
across the Mid-Atlantic region, such as the Inner Harbor East development in Baltimore, Maryland, including the Four Seasons 
Hotel and Legg Mason office tower, the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Washington, D.C., and a $50 million proton therapy 
institute for Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia. Our construction company historically has been ranked among the “Top 
400 General Contractors” nationwide by Engineering News Record and has been ranked among the “Top 50 Retail 
Contractors” by Shopping Center World.

We were formed on October 12, 2012 under the laws of the State of Maryland and are headquartered in Virginia 

Beach, Virginia. We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year 
ended December 31, 2013. Substantially all of our assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted through, our 
Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2016, we owned, through a combination of direct and indirect interests, 68.1% of 
the units of limited partnership interest in our Operating Partnership (“OP Units”).  

2016 Highlights

The following highlights our results of operations and significant transactions for the year ended December 31, 2016: 

•  Net income of $42.8 million, or $0.85 per diluted share, compared to $31.2 million, or $0.75 per diluted share, 

for the year ended December 31, 2015.

• 

Funds from operations (“FFO”) of $48.0 million, or $0.96 per diluted share, compared to $35.9 million, or 
$0.87 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2015.

•  Normalized FFO of $50.9 million, or $1.01 per diluted share, compared to $38.7 million, or $0.93 per diluted 

share, for the year ended December 31, 2015.

• 

Property segment net operating income (“NOI”) of $67.9 million compared to $54.2 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2015:  

•  Office NOI of $13.4 million compared to $21.6 million  

•  Retail NOI of $42.0 million compared to $23.2 million 

•  Multifamily NOI of $12.5 million compared to $9.3 million 

• 

Same store NOI of $35.6 million compared to $35.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015:  

•  Office same store NOI of $10.0 million compared to $9.9 million 

•  Retail same store NOI of $18.7 million compared to $18.5 million 

•  Multifamily same store NOI of $6.9 million compared to $6.9 million 

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  Core stabilized portfolio occupancy by segment, excluding properties subject to ground leases, as of 

December 31, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015:

•  Office occupancy at 86.8% compared to 95.8%

•  Retail occupancy at 95.8% compared to 95.5% 

•  Multifamily occupancy at 94.3% compared to 94.2% 

•  Entered into a joint venture agreement as a minority partner to develop One City Center, a mixed-use project 

located in Durham, North Carolina.  Upon completion, we will own 152,000 square feet of retail and office 
space anchored by a 55,000 square foot lease with Duke University. 

•  Agreed to invest $42.0 million in The Residences at Annapolis Junction Town Center, located approximately 
two miles from Fort Meade, with options to acquire a controlling interest upon the project's completion. 

•  Broke ground on the next phase of development in the Town Center of Virginia Beach, a $42 million mixed-use 

project expected to include 39,000 square feet of retail space, which is nearly 50% pre-leased as of the date of 
this report, and more than 130 luxury apartments, as part of the Company's ongoing public-private partnership 
with the City of Virginia Beach. 

•  Delivered both Lightfoot Marketplace in Williamsburg, Virginia and Johns Hopkins Village in Baltimore, 

Maryland.

•  Broke ground on Harding Place, a new $45 million Class A multifamily property in Midtown Charlotte, North 

Carolina with expected delivery in 2018.

•  Completed the dispositions of:

• 

the Richmond Tower office building for $78.0 million at a gain of $26.2 million

•  Willowbrook Commons and Kroger Junction--two of the non-core retail centers acquired as part of the 

11-asset portfolio purchase completed in January--for an aggregate sales price of $12.9 million

• 

the Oyster Point office building for $6.4 million at a gain of $3.8 million

•  Completed the acquisitions of:

• 

• 

• 

a $170.5 million retail portfolio totaling 1.1 million square feet across 11 properties

Southgate Square in Colonial Heights, Virginia for total consideration of $39.5 million

Southshore Shops in Midlothian, Virginia for total consideration of $9.3 million

•  Columbus Village II in Virginia Beach, Virginia for total consideration of $26.2 million

•  Renaissance Square in Davidson, North Carolina for total consideration of $17.1 million 

•  General contracting and real estate services segment gross profit of $5.7 million compared to $5.9 million for 

the year ended December 31, 2015.

•  Executed $293.1 million of third-party construction contract work.

•  Third-party construction backlog of $217.7 million as of December 31, 2016.

• 

Increased the borrowing capacity of our senior unsecured credit facility through the accordion feature.  The 
facility is now comprised of a $150.0 million revolving credit facility and a $100.0 million term loan.

2

 
•  Raised $67.0 million of net proceeds at a weighted average price of $12.89 per share under our at-the-market 

continuous equity offering programs.

•  Cash from operating activities of $59.8 million, compared to $33.1 million for the year ended December 31, 

2015. 

•  Declared cash dividends of $0.72 per share compared to $0.68 per share for the year ended December 31, 2015.

• 

 Added to the MSCI U.S. REIT Index (RMZ) effective as of the close of the market on November 30, 2016. 

For definitions and discussion of FFO, NOI and same store NOI, see the sections below entitled “Item 6. Selected 

Financial Data” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we distinguish ourselves from other REITs through the following competitive strengths:

•  High-Quality, Diversified Portfolio. Our portfolio consists of institutional-grade, premier office, retail and 
multifamily properties located primarily in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and South Carolina. Our 
properties are generally in the top tier of commercial properties in their markets and offer Class-A amenities 
and finishes.  

• 

• 

Seasoned, Committed and Aligned Senior Management Team with a Proven Track Record. Our senior 
management team has extensive experience developing, constructing, owning, operating, renovating and 
financing institutional-grade office, retail, multifamily and hotel properties in the Mid-Atlantic and 
Southeastern regions. As of December 31, 2016, our named executive officers and directors collectively 
owned approximately 18% of our company on a fully diluted basis, which we believe aligns their interests 
with those of our stockholders. 

Strategic Focus on Attractive Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern Markets. We focus our activities in our target 
markets in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States that demonstrate attractive 
fundamentals driven by favorable supply and demand characteristics and limited competition from other 
large, well-capitalized operators. We believe that our longstanding presence in our target markets provides us 
with significant advantages in sourcing and executing development opportunities, identifying and mitigating 
potential risks and negotiating attractive pricing. 

•  Extensive Experience with Construction and Development. Our platform consists of development, 

construction and asset management capabilities, which comprise an integrated delivery system for every 
project that we build for our own account or for third-party clients. This integrated approach provides a single 
source of accountability for design and construction, simplifies coordination and communication among the 
relevant stakeholders in each project and provides us valuable insight from an operational perspective. We 
believe that being regularly engaged in construction and development projects provides us significant and 
distinct advantages, including enhanced market intelligence, greater insight into best practices, enhanced 
operating leverage and “first look” access to development and ownership opportunities in our target markets. 

• 

Longstanding Public and Private Relationships. We have extensive experience with public/private real estate 
development projects dating back to 1984, having worked with the Commonwealth of Virginia, the State of 
Georgia and the Kingdom of Sweden, as well as various municipalities. Through our experience and 
longstanding relationships with governmental entities such as these, we have learned to successfully navigate 
the often complex and time-consuming government approval process, which has given us the ability to 
capture opportunities that we believe many of our competitors are unable to pursue. 

Our Business and Growth Strategies

Our primary business objectives are to: (i) continue to develop, build and own institutional-grade office, retail and 
multifamily properties in our target markets, (ii) finance and operate our portfolio in a manner that increases cash flow and 
property values, (iii) execute new third-party construction work with consistent operating margins and (iv) pursue selective 
acquisition opportunities, particularly when the acquisition involves a significant redevelopment aspect. We will seek to 
achieve our objectives through the following strategies: 

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  Pursue a Disciplined, Opportunistic Development and Acquisition Strategy Focused on Office, Retail and 

Multifamily Properties. We intend to grow our asset base through continued strategic development of office, 
retail and multifamily properties, and the selective acquisition of high-quality properties that are well-located 
in their submarkets. Furthermore, we believe our construction and development expertise provides a high 
level of quality control while ensuring that the projects we construct and develop are completed more quickly 
and at a lower cost than if we engaged a third-party general contractor.

•  Pursue New, and Expand Existing, Public/Private Relationships. We intend to leverage our extensive 

experience in completing large, complex, mixed-use, public/private projects to establish relationships with 
new public partners while expanding our relationships with existing public partners.

• 

Leverage our Construction and Development Platform to Attract Additional Third-Party Clients. We believe 
that we have a unique advantage over many of our competitors due to our integrated construction and 
development business that provides expertise, oversight and a broad array of client-focused services. We 
intend to continue to conduct and grow our construction business and other third-party services by pursuing 
new clients and expanding our relationships with existing clients.

•  Engage in Disciplined Capital Recycling. We intend to opportunistically divest properties when we believe 

returns have been maximized and to redeploy the capital into new development, acquisition, repositioning or 
redevelopment projects that are expected to generate higher potential risk-adjusted returns.

4

Our Properties

As of December 31, 2016, our operating property portfolio comprised the following:   

Location  

Year Built 

Square Feet(1)  

Occupancy(2)  

ABR(3)  

Leased SF(3)  

Net Rentable

ABR per

Commonwealth of Virginia – Chesapeake

Chesapeake, VA

Commonwealth of Virginia – Virginia Beach

Virginia Beach, VA

Property

Office Properties

4525 Main Street

Armada Hoffler Tower(4)

One Columbus

Two Columbus

Total / Weighted Average

Retail Properties

249 Central Park Retail(5)

Alexander Pointe

Bermuda Crossroads

Broad Creek Shopping Center

Broadmoor Plaza

Brooks Crossing

Columbus Village

Columbus Village II

Commerce Street Retail(6)

Courthouse 7-Eleven

Dick’s at Town Center

Dimmock Square

Fountain Plaza Retail

Gainsborough Square

Greentree Shopping Center

Hanbury Village

Harper Hill Commons

Harrisonburg Regal

Lightfoot Marketplace

North Hampton Market

North Point Center

Oakland Marketplace

Parkway Marketplace

Patterson Place

Perry Hall Marketplace

Providence Plaza

Renaissance Square

Sandbridge Commons

Socastee Commons

South Retail

South Square

Southgate Square

Southshore Shops

Stone House Square

Studio 56 Retail

Waynesboro Commons

Wendover Village

Total / Weighted Average

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Salisbury, NC

Chester, VA

Norfolk, VA

South Bend, IN

Newport News, VA

2014

2002

2015

2015

1984

2009

2004

1997

2001

1997/2001

1980

2016

Virginia Beach, VA

1980/2013

Virginia Beach, VA

1995/1996

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Colonial Heights, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

Chesapeake, VA

Chesapeake, VA

2008

2011

2002

1998

2004

1999

2014

Chesapeake, VA

2006/2009

Winston-Salem, NC

Harrisonburg, VA

Williamsburg, VA

Taylors, SC

Durham, NC

Oakland, TN

Virginia Beach, VA

Durham, NC

Perry Hall, MD

Charlotte, NC

Davidson, NC

Virginia Beach, VA

2004

1999

2016

2004

1998/2009

2004

1998

2004

2001

2007/2008

2008

2015

Myrtle Beach, SC

2000/2014

Virginia Beach, VA

2002

Durham, NC

1977/2005

Colonial Heights, VA

1991/2016

Midlothian, VA

Hagerstown, MD

Virginia Beach, VA

Waynesboro, VA

Greensboro, NC

2006

2008

2007

1993

2004

5

237,893

324,242

36,227

11,139

129,272

108,467

847,240

91,366

57,710

111,566

227,659

115,059

18,343

66,594

92,061

19,173

3,177

103,335

106,166

35,961

88,862

15,751

61,049

55,394

49,000

56,043

114,935

215,690

19,600

37,804

160,942

74,256

103,118

80,467

16,129

57,273

38,515

107,812

220,131

40,333

108,624

11,594

52,415

135,758

76.7 % $

5,096,663

$

91.0

100.0

100.0

80.2

76.5

8,178,573

645,927

245,058

2,582,506

2,176,255

27.93

27.71

17.83

22.00

24.90

26.24

86.8%

18,924,982

$

26.59

89.8

97.6

93.1

99.3

93.2

59.8

93.5

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

97.2

100.0

90.7

85.7

92.8

65.9

100.0

49.2

97.2

99.3

85.7

95.2

96.8

100.0

97.4

92.2

100.0

97.4

84.9

100.0

96.3

93.1

90.4

100.0

100.0

100.0

$

2,376,820

$

649,530

1,519,843

3,188,069

1,267,990

151,380

1,200,454

1,575,991

848,540

125,015

1,231,340

1,736,216

1,022,629

1,220,121

285,941

1,355,478

518,400

683,550

601,665

1,397,423

2,583,835

252,280

716,852

2,443,501

1,243,444

2,564,010

1,281,142

327,710

633,672

879,870

1,829,556

2,812,549

737,009

1,567,631

375,632

438,464

1,955,629

28.98

11.53

14.63

14.10

11.82

13.80

19.27

17.12

44.26

39.35

11.92

16.83

28.44

15.14

21.17

23.92

14.19

13.95

21.80

12.51

12.06

15.02

19.91

15.69

16.75

25.52

17.26

20.32

11.36

26.89

16.97

13.27

19.63

15.96

32.40

8.37

14.41

2,969,665

95.8% $ 45,599,181

$

16.21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property

Location  

Year Built 

Square Feet(1)  

Occupancy(2)  

ABR(3)  

Leased SF(3)  

Net Rentable

ABR per

Retail Properties Subject to Ground Lease

Bermuda Crossroads(7)

Broad Creek Shopping Center(8)

Greentree Shopping Center

Hanbury Village(7)

Harper Hill Commons(7)

Lightfoot Marketplace(7)

North Point Center(7)

Oakland Marketplace(7)

Sandbridge Commons(7)

South Square(7)

Stone House Square(7)

Tyre Neck Harris Teeter(8)

Total / Weighted Average

Multifamily Properties

Encore Apartments

Johns Hopkins Village(11), (12)

Liberty Apartments(11)

Smith’s Landing(12)

The Cosmopolitan(11)

Total / Weighted Average

Chester, VA

Norfolk, VA

Chesapeake, VA

2001

1997/2001

2014

Chesapeake, VA

2006/2009

Winston-Salem, NC

Williamsburg, VA

2004

2016

11,000

24,818

5,088

55,586

41,520

51,750

1998/2009

280,556

Durham, NC

Oakland, TN

Virginia Beach, VA

2004

2015

Durham, NC

1977/2005

Hagerstown, MD

Portsmouth, VA

2008

2011

45,000

53,288

1,778

3,650

48,859

622,893

100.0 % $

163,350

$

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

607,081

230,004

1,067,598

373,680

660,771

1,083,666

186,300

583,000

60,000

165,000

508,134

100.0%

5,688,584

$

14.85

24.46

45.21

19.21

9.00

12.77

3.86

4.14

10.94

33.75

45.21

10.40

9.13

Units

Occupancy(2)

ABR(10)

Occupied SF(11)

ABR per

Virginia Beach, VA

Baltimore, MD

Newport News, VA

Blacksburg, VA

Virginia Beach, VA

2014

2016

2013

2009

2006

286

157

197

284

342

94.4 % $

4,130,448

$

76.4

91.2

98.9

92.1

5,916,960

2,263,236

3,653,952

6,013,536

1,266

94.3%

21,978,132

$

1.76

2.78

1.42

1.14

1.65

1.70

________________________________________
(1)  The net rentable square footage for each of our office properties is the sum of (a) the square footage of existing leases, plus 

(b) for available space, management’s estimate of net rentable square footage based, in part, on past leases. The net 
rentable square footage included in office leases is generally consistent with the Building Owners and Managers 
Association, or BOMA, 1996 measurement guidelines. The net rentable square footage for each of our retail properties is 
the sum of (a) the square footage of existing leases, plus (b) for available space, the field verified square footage.
(2)  Occupancy for each of our office and retail properties is calculated as (a) square footage under executed leases as of 

December 31, 2016 divided by (b) net rentable square feet, expressed as a percentage. Occupancy for our multifamily 
properties is calculated as (a) total units occupied as of December 31, 2016 divided by (b) total units available, expressed 
as a percentage.

(3)  For the properties in our office and retail portfolios, annualized base rent, or ABR, is calculated by multiplying (a) base 
rental payments for executed leases as of December 31, 2016 (defined as cash base rents (before abatements) excluding 
tenant reimbursements for expenses paid by the landlord) by (b) 12. ABR per leased square foot is calculated by dividing 
(a) ABR by (b) square footage under executed leases as of December 31, 2016. In the case of triple net or modified gross 
leases, ABR does not include tenant reimbursements for real estate taxes, insurance, common area or other operating 
expenses.

(4)  As of December 31, 2016, the Company occupied 21,942 square feet at this property at an ABR of $688,788, or $30.48 per 
leased square foot, which amounts are reflected in the occupancy, ABR and ABR per leased square foot columns in the 
table. The rent paid by us is eliminated from our revenues in consolidation in accordance with GAAP. 

(5)  As of December 31, 2016, the Company occupied 8,995 square feet at this property at an ABR of $304,841, or $33.89 per 
leased square foot, which amounts are reflected in the occupancy, ABR and ABR per leased square foot columns in the 
table. The rent paid by us is eliminated from our revenues in consolidation in accordance with GAAP.

(6)  Includes $32,760 of ABR pursuant to a rooftop lease.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7)  The Company owns the land and the tenant owns the improvements thereto. The Company will succeed to the ownership 

of the improvements to the land upon the termination of the ground lease.

(8)  The Company leases the land underlying this property from the owner of the land pursuant to a ground lease. The 
Company re-leases the land to our tenant under a separate ground lease pursuant to which our tenant owns the 
improvements on the land.

(9)  For the properties in our multifamily portfolio, ABR is calculated by multiplying (a) base rental payments for the month 

ended December 31, 2016 by (b) 12.

(10) ABR per occupied rentable square foot is calculated by dividing (a) ABR by (b) net rentable square footage of occupied 

units as of December 31, 2016.

(11) ABR for Liberty Apartments, The Cosmopolitan and Johns Hopkins Village excludes $212,000, $970,000 and $1,159,000 

of ABR from ground floor retail leases, respectively.

(12) The Company leases the land underlying this property from the owner of the land pursuant to a ground lease.

The following tables summarize the scheduled expirations of leases in our office and retail operating property 

portfolios as of December 31, 2016. The information in the following tables does not assume the exercise of any renewal 
options.  

Office Lease Expirations

Square

% of Office

Number of

Footage of

% Portfolio

Portfolio

Annualized Base

Leases

Leases

Net Rentable

Annualized

Annualized

Rent per Leased

Year of Lease Expiration
Available

Expiring
—

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total / Weighted Average

8

14

14

3

7

3

4

3

4

3

3

9
75

Expiring

Square Feet

Base Rent

Base Rent

Square Foot

135,627

16.0 % $

—

— % $

14,159

80,010

90,120

17,840

56,046

48,117

43,078

60,751

43,292

15,168

49,072

1.7

9.4

10.6

2.1

6.6

5.7

5.1

7.2

5.1

1.8

5.8

437,004

2,214,896

2,259,108

524,457

1,368,210

1,347,805

1,087,325

1,706,129

1,218,282

328,333

1,395,219

2.3

11.7

11.9

2.8

7.2

7.1

5.7

9.0

6.4

1.7

7.4

193,960
847,240

5,038,214
22.9
100.0% 18,924,982

26.8
100.0% $

—

30.86

27.68

25.07

29.40

24.41

28.01

25.24

28.08

28.14

21.65

28.43

25.98
26.59

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail Lease Expirations

Year of Lease Expiration
Available

Month-to-Month

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024
2025

2026

2027

Square

% of Retail

Number of

Footage of

% Portfolio

Portfolio

Annualized Base

Leases

Leases

Net Rentable

Annualized

Annualized

Rent per Leased

Expiring

Square Feet

Base Rent

Base Rent

Square Foot

Expiring
—

5

45

73

80

60

52

27

14

16
15

19

9

156,929

7,342

224,974

331,094

559,851

507,658

268,455

262,149

246,153

165,318
223,613

154,386

75,346

4.4 % $

—

— % $

0.2

6.3

9.2

15.6

14.1

7.5

7.3

6.9

4.6
6.2

4.3

2.1

118,656

3,645,108

5,371,571

8,515,948

7,073,303

4,965,436

3,798,078

3,077,764

2,596,382
2,259,666

2,649,185

1,732,069

0.2

7.1

10.5

16.6

13.8

9.7

7.4

6.0

5.1
4.4

5.2

3.4

—

16.16

16.20

16.22

15.21

13.93

18.50

14.49

12.50

15.71
10.11

17.16

22.99

13.40
14.93

Thereafter

Total / Weighted Average

16
431

409,290
3,592,558

5,484,599
11.3
100.0% $ 51,287,765

10.6
100.0% $

Tenant Diversification

The following tables list the 10 tenants in each of our office and retail operating property portfolios, based on 

annualized base rent as of December 31, 2016 ($ in thousands):   

Office Tenant 
Clark Nexsen

Hampton University

Commonwealth of Virginia

Kimley-Horn

Pender & Coward

Troutman Sanders

The Art Institute

Williams Mullen

City of Virginia Beach Development Authority

Cherry Bekaert
Top 10 Total

% of

Office

Portfolio

Annualized

Base Rent 

% of

Total

Portfolio

Annualized

Base Rent 

13.1 %

2.7 %

5.4

4.7

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.0

3.7

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.8

0.8

3.7
52.1%

0.8
10.8%

Annualized

Base Rent  

2,487

1,023

891

859

839

822

819

755

701

698
9,894

$

$

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail Tenant
Kroger/Harris Teeter

Home Depot

Bed, Bath & Beyond

Regal Cinemas

PetSmart

Food Lion

Dick's Sporting Goods

Safeway

Weis Markets

Ross Dress for Less
Top 10 Total

Development Pipeline

% of

Retail

Portfolio

Annualized

Base Rent

% of

Total

Portfolio

Annualized

Base Rent

11.5 %

6.4 %

4.3

3.3

3.1

2.7

2.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

2.4

1.8

1.7

1.5

1.4

0.9

0.9

0.9

1.5
33.7%

0.8
18.7%

Annualized

Base Rent

5,923

2,190

1,669

1,607

1,398

1,283

840

821

802

755
17,288

$

$

In addition to the properties in our operating property portfolio as of December 31, 2016, we had the following 
properties in various stages of development and stabilization.  We generally consider a property to be stabilized when it reaches 
80% occupancy or thirteen quarters after acquisition or completion.  

Pending Delivery

($ in '000s)

Schedule(1)

Stabilized

Estimated

Estimated 

Incurred 

Initial

Operation

AHH

Property

Harding Place

Location 

Size(1) 

Cost(1) 

Cost

Start

Occupancy

Charlotte, NC

225 units

$

45,000

$

8,000

3Q16

3Q18

Town Center Phase VI

Virginia Beach, VA

39,000 sf
130 Units

42,000

3,000

4Q16

Brooks Crossing 

Newport News, VA

100,000 sf

20,000

—

3Q16

3Q18

4Q18

Total

$

107,000

$ 11,000

(2)

1Q20

3Q19

4Q18

Ownership % Property Type

80 % (3)

Multifamily

80 % (5)

Mixed-use

65% (3)

Office

Delivered Not Stabilized

($ in '000s)

Schedule

Estimated

Estimated 

Incurred 

Initial

Operation

AHH

Location

Size(1) 

Cost(1) 

Cost 

Start 

Occupancy

(1)(2)

Ownership % Property Type

Stabilized

Property

Brooks Crossing

4525 Main Street

Newport News, VA

18,000 sf

$

3,000

$

3,000

Virginia Beach, VA

239,000 sf

51,000

46,000

3Q15

1Q13

Johns Hopkins Village

Baltimore, MD

157 units

68,000

67,000

1Q15

Lightfoot Marketplace

Williamsburg, VA

109,000 sf

24,000

23,000

3Q14

Total Development, Delivered Not Stabilized

146,000

139,000

Total

$

253,000

$ 150,000

3Q16

3Q14

3Q16

3Q16

4Q16

2Q17

3Q17

2Q17

65% (3)

100%

Retail

Office

80% (3), (4)

Multifamily

70% (3)

Retail

________________________________________
(1)  Represents estimates that may change as the development/stabilization process proceeds.
(2)  Estimated first full quarter of stabilized operations.
(3)  We are entitled to a preferred return on our equity prior to any distributions to minority partners.
(4)  Includes space subject to ground lease. 
(5)  Ownership increased to 100% in January 2017.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our execution on all of the projects identified in the preceding table are subject to, among other factors, regulatory 

approvals, financing availability and suitable market conditions.

Harding Place is a $45 million Class A multifamily property being developed in Midtown Charlotte, North Carolina 

with expected delivery in 2018.

Town Center Phase VI is the next phase of development in the Town Center of Virginia Beach, a $42 million mixed-
use project expected to include 39,000 square feet of retail space, which is nearly 50% pre-leased as of the date of this report, 
and more than 130 luxury apartments, as part of the Company's ongoing public-private partnership with the City of Virginia 
Beach. 

Brooks Crossing is our public-private partnership with the City of Newport News, Virginia designed to revitalize the 
east end of the city. The project includes 18,000 square feet of retail space and is leased by miscellaneous small retailers. As of 
December 31, 2016, the project was approximately 59.8% leased.  Additionally, we have agreed to develop, build and own a 
100,000 square foot office tower anchored by Newport News Shipbuilding, a division of Huntington Ingalls Industries 
(NYSE:HII), as part of Brooks Crossing.  The office development started in the third quarter of 2016.

4525 Main Street is our most recent addition to the Town Center of Virginia Beach and is located at the intersection of 

Main Street and Town Center Drive across from The Cosmopolitan, One Columbus and Armada Hoffler Tower. This 15-story 
office tower is anchored by Clark Nexsen, an international architecture and engineering firm, to whom we delivered 
approximately 85,000 square feet of office space in July 2014. Additionally, we delivered to the City of Virginia Beach 
Development Authority approximately 23,000 square feet of office space in June 2014. 4525 Main Street also features 
approximately 26,000 square feet of ground floor retail space anchored by Anthropologie, West Elm and Tupelo Honey 
Cafe.  As of December 31, 2016, the project was approximately 76.7% leased.  Subsequent to December 31, 2016, 4525 Main 
Street is now 93% leased.

Johns Hopkins Village includes student housing, retail space and parking located adjacent to Johns Hopkins 
University’s Homewood campus in Baltimore, Maryland. This mixed-use development is designed to complement both the 
Homewood campus and nearby Charles Village neighborhood and provide a catalyst for future development in the area. CVS 
has leased 10,500 square feet of ground floor retail space. Construction was completed in August 2016. Approximately 76.4% 
of the apartment units were leased as of December 31, 2016.

Lightfoot Marketplace is a grocery-anchored shopping center in Williamsburg, Virginia. Harris Teeter has signed a 20-

year ground lease for a new 53,000 square foot store. Lightfoot Marketplace also includes an additional 34,000 square feet of 
shops and restaurants as well as a 22,000 square foot build-to-suit building for Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters.   
As of December 31, 2016, the project was approximately 49.2% leased.

Other Investments

Point Street Apartments

On October 15, 2015, we agreed to invest up to $28.2 million in the Point Street Apartments project in the Harbor 

Point area of Baltimore, Maryland. Point Street Apartments is an estimated $93.0 million development project with plans for a 
17-story building comprised of 289 residential units and 18,000 square feet of street-level retail space. Beatty Development 
Group (“BDG”) is the developer of the project and has engaged us to serve as construction general contractor. Point Street 
Apartments is scheduled to open in 2017; however, we can provide no assurances that Point Street Apartments will open on the 
anticipated timeline.

BDG secured a senior construction loan of up to $70.0 million to fund the development and construction of Point 

Street Apartments on November 10, 2016. We have agreed to guarantee $25.0 million of the senior construction loan in 
exchange for the option to purchase up to an 88% controlling interest in Point Street Apartments upon completion of the project 
as follows.  We currently have a $2.1 million letter of credit for the guarantee of the senior construction loan.

Our investment in the Point Street Apartments project is in the form of a loan under which BDG may borrow up to 

$28.2 million (the “BDG loan”). As of December 31, 2016, we have funded $20.6 million under the BDG loan and for the year 
ended December 31, 2016, we recognized $1.2 million of interest income on the BDG loan. See Note 6 to the accompanying 
consolidated financial statements.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
One City Center

On February 25, 2016, we announced our joint venture with Austin Lawrence Partners to develop and construct One 

City Center in Durham, North Carolina. One City Center is a planned 27-story mixed-use project that is expected to include 
130,000 square feet of office space, anchored by a 55,000 square foot lease with Duke University, along with 22,000 square 
feet of street-level retail space and 139 residential units. We are a minority partner in the joint venture and will serve as the 
project's general contractor, with full ownership of the office and retail portions of the project. Our equity investment in the 
joint venture is approximately $10.3 million. The project is scheduled to be completed in mid-2018.  The project at One City 
Center is an unconsolidated joint venture.

Annapolis Junction

On April 21, 2016, we entered into a note receivable with a maximum principal balance of $42.0 million in the 
Annapolis Junction residential component of the Annapolis Junction Town Center project in Maryland (“Annapolis Junction”). 
Annapolis Junction is an estimated $102.0 million mixed-use development project with plans for 416 residential units, 17,000 
square feet of retail space and a 150-room hotel. Annapolis Junction Apartments Owner, LLC (“AJAO”) is the developer of the 
residential component and has engaged us to serve as construction general contractor for the residential component. Annapolis 
Junction is scheduled to open in 2017; however, management can provide no assurances that Annapolis Junction will open on 
the anticipated timeline or at the anticipated cost.

AJAO secured a senior construction loan of up to $60.0 million to fund the development and construction of 
Annapolis Junction's residential component on September 30, 2016. We have agreed to guarantee $25.0 million of the senior 
construction loan in exchange for the option to purchase up to an 88% controlling interest in Annapolis Junction upon 
completion of the project.  Our investment in the Annapolis Junction project is in the form of a loan under which AJAO may 
borrow up to $48.0 million, including a $6.0 million interest reserve (the “AJAO loan”). During the year ended December 31, 
2016, we recognized $2.0 million of interest income on the note. The balance on the Annapolis Junction note was $38.9 million 
as of December 31, 2016.

Acquisitions and Dispositions 

On January 7, 2016, we completed the sale of a building constructed for the Economic Development Authority of 

Newport News, Virginia.  Net proceeds after transaction costs were $6.6 million.  The gain on the disposition was $0.4 million.

On January 8, 2016, we completed the sale of the Richmond Tower office building for $78.0 million. Net proceeds 

after transaction costs were $77.0 million. The gain on the disposition of Richmond Tower was $26.2 million.

On January 14, 2016, we completed the acquisition of a $170.5 million retail portfolio totaling 1.1 million square feet 

across 11 properties.

On April 29, 2016, we completed the acquisition of Southgate Square, a 220,000 square foot retail center located in 

Colonial Heights, Virginia, for aggregate consideration of $39.5 million, comprised of the assumption of $21.1 million in debt 
(which approximates fair value as of the closing date) and 1,575,185 Class A units of limited partnership interest in the 
Operating Partnership (“Class A Units”).

On June 20, 2016, we completed the sale of the Willowbrook Commons property located in Nashville, Tennessee for 

$9.2 million.  The gain on the sale of the Willowbrook Commons property was less than $0.1 million. 

On July 29, 2016, we completed the sale of the Kroger Junction property located in Pasadena, Texas for $3.7 million.  

The loss on the sale of the Kroger Junction property was less than $0.1 million. 

On August 4, 2016, we completed the acquisition of Southshore Shops, a 40,000 square foot retail center located in 

Midlothian, Virginia, for aggregate consideration of $9.3 million, comprised of $6.7 million in cash and 189,160 Class A Units.

On September 15, 2016, we completed the sale of the Oyster Point office property for $6.4 million. Net proceeds after 
transaction costs and settlement of liabilities were not significant. The gain on the disposition of Oyster Point was $3.8 million. 

On October 13, 2016, we completed the acquisition of Columbus Village II, a 92,000 square foot retail and 
entertainment center adjacent to the Town Center of Virginia Beach, for aggregate consideration of 2,000,000 shares of our 

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
common stock, which based on the closing stock price on the date of the acquisition, led to an acquisition price of $26.2 
million, excluding capitalized acquisition costs. 

On November 17, 2016, we completed the acquisition of Renaissance Square, an 80,000 square foot retail center 

located in Davidson, North Carolina, for aggregate consideration of $17.1 million in cash. 

On December 22, 2016, we completed the sale of land adjacent to the Brooks Crossing development for $0.4 million.  

The gain on the disposition of the land was less than $0.1 million. 

Additional information regarding our real estate acquisition and disposition activity is set forth in “Management’s 

Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 5 to our consolidated financial 
statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

Segments

As of December 31, 2016, we operated in four business segments: (i) office real estate, (ii) retail real estate, (iii) 

multifamily residential real estate and (iv) general contracting and real estate services. Additional information regarding our 
four operating segments is set forth in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations” and in Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

Tax Status

We have elected and qualified to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our 
taxable year ended December 31, 2013. Our continued qualification as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet, on a 
continuing basis, through actual investment and operating results, various complex requirements under the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the composition and 
values of our assets, our distribution levels and the diversity of ownership of our capital stock. We believe that we are organized 
in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and that our manner of operation will enable us 
to maintain the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, we have 
elected to treat AHP Holding, Inc., which, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, operate our construction, development and 
third-party asset management businesses, as a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).

As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our net taxable income that we distribute 
currently to our stockholders. Under the Code, REITs are subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements, 
including a requirement that they distribute each year at least 90% of their REIT taxable income, determined without regard to 
the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gains. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable 
year and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, our income for that year will be taxed at regular corporate rates, 
and we would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to 
qualify as a REIT. Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to state and local 
taxes on our income and assets and to federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income. Additionally, any income 
earned by our services company, and any other TRS we form in the future, will be fully subject to federal, state and local 
corporate income tax.

Insurance

We carry comprehensive liability, fire, extended coverage, business interruption and rental loss insurance covering all 

of the properties in our portfolio under a blanket insurance policy, in addition to other coverage that may be appropriate for 
certain of our properties. We believe the policy specifications and insured limits are appropriate and adequate for our properties 
given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice; however, our insurance coverage may not be 
sufficient to fully cover our losses. We do not carry insurance for certain losses, including, but not limited to, losses caused by 
riots or war. Some of our policies, like those covering losses due to terrorism and earthquakes, are insured subject to limitations 
involving large deductibles or co-payments and policy limits that may not be sufficient to cover losses, for such events. In 
addition, all but two of the properties in our portfolio as of December 31, 2016 were located in Virginia, Maryland, North 
Carolina and South Carolina, which are areas subject to an increased risk of hurricanes. While we will carry hurricane 
insurance on certain of our properties, the amount of our hurricane insurance coverage may not be sufficient to fully cover 
losses from hurricanes. We may reduce or discontinue hurricane, terrorism or other insurance on some or all of our properties in 
the future if the cost of premiums for any of these policies exceeds, in our judgment, the value of the coverage discounted for 
the risk of loss. Also, if destroyed, we may not be able to rebuild certain of our properties due to current zoning and land use 
regulations. As a result, we may incur significant costs in the event of adverse weather conditions and natural disasters. In 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
addition, our title insurance policies may not insure for the current aggregate market value of our portfolio, and we do not 
intend to increase our title insurance coverage as the market value of our portfolio increases. If we or one or more of our 
tenants experiences a loss that is uninsured or that exceeds policy limits, we could lose the capital invested in the damaged 
properties as well as the anticipated future cash flows from those properties. In addition, if the damaged properties are subject 
to recourse indebtedness, we would continue to be liable for the indebtedness, even if these properties were irreparably 
damaged. Furthermore, we may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable costs in the future as the costs 
associated with property and casualty renewals may be higher than anticipated.  

Regulation

General

Our properties are subject to various covenants, laws, ordinances and regulations, including regulations relating to 

common areas and fire and safety requirements. We believe that each of the properties in our portfolio has the necessary 
permits and approvals to operate its business.

Americans With Disabilities Act

Our properties must comply with Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (the “ADA”), to the extent 
that such properties are “public accommodations” as defined by the ADA. Under the ADA, all public accommodations must 
meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The ADA may require removal of structural barriers to 
access by persons with disabilities in certain public areas of our properties where such removal is readily achievable. Although 
we believe that the properties in our portfolio in the aggregate substantially comply with present requirements of the ADA, we 
have not conducted a comprehensive audit or investigation of all of our properties to determine our compliance, and we are 
aware that some particular properties may currently be in non-compliance with the ADA. Noncompliance with the ADA could 
result in the incurrence of additional costs to attain compliance, the imposition of fines, an award of damages to private litigants 
and a limitation on our ability to refinance outstanding indebtedness. The obligation to make readily achievable 
accommodations is an ongoing one, and we will continue to assess our properties and to make alterations as appropriate in this 
respect.

Environmental Matters

Under various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, as a current or former owner or 
operator of real property, we may be liable for costs and damages resulting from the presence or discharge of hazardous or toxic 
substances, waste or petroleum products at, on, in, under, or migrating from such property, including costs to investigate and 
clean up such contamination and liability for harm to natural resources. Such laws often impose liability without regard to 
whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such contamination, and the liability may be 
joint and several. These liabilities could be substantial and the cost of any required remediation, removal, fines, or other costs 
could exceed the value of the property and our aggregate assets. In addition, the presence of contamination or the failure to 
remediate contamination at our properties may expose us to third-party liability for costs of remediation and personal or 
property damage or materially adversely affect our ability to sell, lease or develop our properties or to borrow using the 
properties as collateral. In addition, environmental laws may create liens on contaminated sites in favor of the government for 
damages and costs it incurs to address such contamination. Moreover, if contamination is discovered on our properties, 
environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and 
these restrictions may require substantial expenditures.

Some of our properties contain, have contained, or are adjacent to or near other properties that have contained or 

currently contain storage tanks for the storage of petroleum products, propane or other hazardous or toxic substances. Similarly, 
some of our properties were used in the past for commercial or industrial purposes, or are currently used for commercial 
purposes, that involve or involved the use of petroleum products or other hazardous or toxic substances, or are adjacent to or 
near properties that have been or are used for similar commercial or industrial purposes. As a result, some of our properties 
have been or may be impacted by contamination arising from the releases of such hazardous substances or petroleum products. 
Where we have deemed appropriate, we have taken steps to address identified contamination or mitigate risks associated with 
such contamination; however, we are unable to ensure that further actions will not be necessary. As a result of the foregoing, we 
could potentially incur material liability.

Environmental laws also govern the presence, maintenance and removal of asbestos-containing building materials, or 
ACBM, and may impose fines and penalties for failure to comply with these requirements or expose us to third-party liability. 
Such laws require that owners or operators of buildings containing ACBM (and employers in such buildings) properly manage 
13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and maintain the asbestos, adequately notify or train those who may come into contact with asbestos, and undertake special 
precautions, including removal or other abatement, if asbestos would be disturbed during renovation or demolition of a 
building. In addition, the presence of ACBM in our properties may expose us to third-party liability (e.g. liability for personal 
injury associated with exposure to asbestos). We are not presently aware of any material adverse issues at our properties 
including ACBM.

Similarly, environmental laws govern the presence, maintenance and removal of lead-based paint in residential 

buildings, and may impose fines and penalties for failure to comply with these requirements. Such laws require, among other 
things, that owners or operators of residential facilities that contain or potentially contain lead-based paint notify residents of 
the presence or potential presence of lead-based paint prior to occupancy and prior to renovations and manage lead-based paint 
waste appropriately. In addition, the presence of lead-based paint in our buildings may expose us to third-party liability (e.g., 
liability for personal injury associated with exposure to lead-based paint). We are not presently aware of any material adverse 
issues at our properties involving lead-based paint.

In addition, the properties in our portfolio also are subject to various federal, state, and local environmental and health 

and safety requirements, such as state and local fire requirements. Moreover, some of our tenants may handle and use 
hazardous or regulated substances and wastes as part of their operations at our properties, which are subject to regulation. Such 
environmental and health and safety laws and regulations could subject us or our tenants to liability resulting from these 
activities. Environmental liabilities could affect a tenant’s ability to make rental payments to us. In addition, changes in laws 
could increase the potential liability for noncompliance. Our leases sometimes require our tenants to comply with 
environmental and health and safety laws and regulations and to indemnify us for any related liabilities. But in the event of the 
bankruptcy or inability of any of our tenants to satisfy such obligations, we may be required to satisfy such obligations. In 
addition, we may be held directly liable for any such damages or claims regardless of whether we knew of, or were responsible 
for, the presence or disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and irrespective of tenant lease provisions. The costs 
associated with such liability could be substantial and could have a material adverse effect on us.

When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if 

the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Some molds may produce airborne toxins 
or irritants. Indoor air quality issues can also stem from inadequate ventilation, chemical contamination from indoor or outdoor 
sources, and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses and bacteria. Indoor exposure to airborne toxins or irritants 
above certain levels can be alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, including allergic or other 
reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants at any of our properties could require us 
to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants from the affected 
property or increase indoor ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could 
expose us to liability from our tenants, employees of our tenants or others if property damage or personal injury occurs. We are 
not presently aware of any material adverse indoor air quality issues at our properties.

Competition

We compete with a number of developers, owners and operators of office, retail and multifamily real estate, many of 
which own properties similar to ours in the same markets in which our properties are located and some of which have greater 
financial resources than we do. In operating and managing our portfolio, we compete for tenants based on a number of factors, 
including location, rental rates, security, flexibility and expertise to design space to meet prospective tenants’ needs and the 
manner in which the property is operated, maintained and marketed. As leases at our properties expire, we may encounter 
significant competition to renew or re-lease space in light of the large number of competing properties within the markets in 
which we operate. As a result, we may be required to provide rent concessions or abatements, incur charges for tenant 
improvements and other inducements, including early termination rights or below-market renewal options, or we may not be 
able to timely lease vacant space.

We also face competition when pursuing development and acquisition opportunities. Our competitors may be able to 
pay higher property acquisition prices, may have private access to opportunities not available to us and otherwise be in a better 
position to acquire or develop a property. Competition may also have the effect of reducing the number of suitable development 
and acquisition opportunities available to us or increasing the price required to consummate a development or acquisition 
opportunity.

In addition, we face competition in our construction business from other construction companies in the markets in 

which we operate, including small local companies and large regional and national companies. In our construction business, we 
compete for construction projects based on several factors, including cost, reputation for quality and timeliness, access to 
machinery and equipment, access to and relationships with high-quality subcontractors, financial strength, knowledge of local 
14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
markets and project management abilities. We believe that we compete favorably on the basis of the foregoing factors, and that 
our construction business is well-positioned to compete effectively in the markets in which we operate. However, some of the 
construction companies with which we compete have different cost structures and greater financial and other resources than we 
do, which may put them at an advantage when competing with us for construction projects. Competition from other 
construction companies may reduce the number of construction projects that we are hired to complete and increase pricing 
pressure, either of which could reduce the profitability of our construction business.

Employees

As of December 31, 2016, we had 151 employees. None of our employees are represented by a collective bargaining 

unit. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Corporate Information

Our principal executive office is located at 222 Central Park Avenue, Suite 2100, Virginia Beach, Virginia 23462 in the 

Armada Hoffler Tower at the Town Center of Virginia Beach. In addition, we have construction offices located at 249 Central 
Park Avenue, Suite 300, Virginia Beach, Virginia 23462 and 1300 Thames Street, Suite 30, Baltimore, Maryland 21231. The 
telephone number for our principal executive office is (757) 366-4000. We maintain a website located at 
www.armadahoffler.com. The information on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated into and does not 
constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any other report or document we file with or furnish to the SEC.

Available Information

We file our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all 

amendments to those reports with the SEC. You may obtain copies of these documents by visiting the SEC’s Public Reference 
Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 or by accessing the SEC’s 
website at www.sec.gov. In addition, as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are furnished to the SEC, we make 
copies of these documents available to the public free of charge through our website or by contacting our Corporate Secretary 
at the address set forth above under “—Corporate Information.”

Our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and the charters of our audit committee, 

compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee are all available in the Corporate Governance 
section of the Investor Relations section of our website.

Financial Information

For required financial information related to our operations, please refer to our consolidated financial statements, 

including the notes thereto, included with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1A. 

Risk Factors  

Set forth below are the risks that we believe are material to our stockholders. You should carefully consider the 

following risks in evaluating our Company and our business. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially 
adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, the market price of shares of our common stock and 
our ability to, among other things, satisfy our debt service obligations and to make distributions to our stockholders, which in 
turn could cause our stockholders to lose all or a part of their investment. Some statements in this report including statements in 
the following risk factors constitute forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section entitled “Special Note Regarding 
Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Risks Related to Our Business

The geographic concentration of our portfolio could cause us to be more susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory 
developments in the markets in which our properties are located than if we owned a more geographically diverse portfolio.

The majority of the properties in our portfolio are located in Virginia, which expose us to greater economic risks than 

if we owned a more geographically diverse portfolio. As of December 31, 2016, our properties in the Virginia and North 
Carolina markets represented approximately 69% and 15%, respectively, of the total annualized base rent of the properties in 
our portfolio. Furthermore, many of our properties are located in the Town Center of Virginia Beach, and rental revenues from 
our Town Center properties represented 41% of our total rental revenues. As a result, we are particularly susceptible to adverse 
economic, regulatory or other conditions in the Virginia market (such as periods of economic slowdown or recession, business 
layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, relocations of businesses, increases in real estate and other taxes and the cost of 
complying with governmental regulations or increased regulation), as well as to natural disasters that occur in these markets 
(such as hurricanes and other events). For example, the markets in Virginia in which the properties in our portfolio are located 
contain high concentrations of military personnel and operations. A reduction of the military presence or cuts in defense 
spending in these markets could have a material adverse effect on us. If there is a downturn in the economy in Virginia, our 
operations and our revenue and cash available for distribution, including cash available to pay distributions to our stockholders, 
could be materially adversely affected. We cannot assure you that these markets will grow or that underlying real estate 
fundamentals will be favorable to owners and operators of office, retail or multifamily properties. Our operations may also be 
affected if competing properties are built in these markets. Moreover, submarkets within any of our target markets may be 
dependent upon a limited number of industries. Any adverse economic or real estate developments in our markets, or any 
decrease in demand for office, retail or multifamily space resulting from the regulatory environment, business climate or energy 
or fiscal problems, could materially adversely affect us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash 
available for distribution and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations.  

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness outstanding, which may expose us to the risk of default under our debt 
obligations and may include covenants that restrict our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.

As of December 31, 2016, we had total debt outstanding of approximately $522.2 million, including amounts drawn 

under our credit facility, a substantial portion of which is guaranteed by our Operating Partnership, and we may incur 
significant additional debt to finance future acquisition and development activities. Excluding unamortized fair value 
adjustments and debt issuance costs, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of our debt was $527.1 million as of 
December 31, 2016. Payments of principal and interest on borrowings may leave us with insufficient cash resources to operate 
our properties or to pay the dividends currently contemplated or necessary to maintain our REIT qualification. Our level of debt 
and the limitations imposed on us by our debt agreements could have significant adverse consequences, including the 
following:  

• 

our cash flow may be insufficient to meet our required principal and interest payments;

•  we may be unable to borrow additional funds as needed or on favorable terms, which could, among other 

things, adversely affect our ability to meet operational needs;

•  we may be unable to refinance our indebtedness at maturity or the refinancing terms may be less favorable than 

the terms of our original indebtedness;

•  we may be forced to dispose of one or more of our properties, possibly on unfavorable terms or in violation of 

certain covenants to which we may be subject;

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  we may default on our obligations, in which case the lenders or mortgagees may have the right to foreclose on 

any properties that secure the loans or collect rents and other income from our properties;

•  we may violate restrictive covenants in our loan documents, which would entitle the lenders to accelerate our 
debt obligations or reduce our ability to pay, or prohibit us from paying, distributions to our stockholders; and

• 

our default under any loan with cross default provisions could result in a default on other indebtedness.

If any one of these events were to occur, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could be 

materially adversely affected. Furthermore, foreclosures could create taxable income without accompanying cash proceeds, 
which could hinder our ability to meet the REIT distribution requirements imposed by the Code. See “Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

The loss of, or a store closure by, one of the anchor stores or major tenants in our retail shopping center properties could 
result in a material decrease in our rental income, which would have a material adverse effect on us, including our 
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt 
obligations.

Our retail shopping center properties typically are anchored by large, nationally recognized tenants. As of 
December 31, 2016, Kroger/Harris Teeter, Home Depot, Bed Bath & Beyond and Regal Cinemas collectively represented 
approximately 22.2%, and individually represented 11.5%, 4.3%, 3.3% and 3.1%, respectively, of the total annualized base rent 
in our retail portfolio. In addition, several of our retail properties are single-tenant properties or are occupied primarily by a 
single tenant. As of December 31, 2016, the Courthouse 7-Eleven, Tyre Neck Harris Teeter and Harrisonburg Regal retail 
properties in our portfolio were 100% occupied by 7-Eleven, Harris Teeter and Regal Cinemas, respectively, and the Dick’s at 
Town Center, Sandbridge Commons, Perry Hall Marketplace and Studio 56 retail properties were approximately 81%, 77%, 
74% and 69% occupied by Dick’s Sporting Goods, Harris Teeter, Safeway and McCormick & Schmick’s, respectively. At any 
time, our tenants may experience a downturn in their business that may weaken significantly their financial condition. As a 
result, our tenants, including our anchor and other major tenants, may fail to comply with their contractual obligations to us, 
seek concessions in order to continue operations or declare bankruptcy, any of which could result in the termination of such 
tenants’ leases and the loss of rental income attributable to the terminated leases. In addition, certain of our tenants may cease 
operations while continuing to pay rent, which could decrease customer traffic, thereby decreasing sales for our other tenants at 
the applicable retail property. Furthermore, mergers or consolidations among retail establishments could result in the closure of 
existing stores or duplicate or geographically overlapping store locations, which could include stores at our retail properties.  

Loss of, or a store closure by, an anchor or major tenant could significantly reduce our occupancy level or the rent we 

receive from our retail properties, and we may not have the right to re-lease vacated space or we may be unable to re-lease 
vacated space at attractive rents or at all. Moreover, in the event of default by a major tenant or anchor store, we may 
experience delays and costs in enforcing our rights as landlord to recover amounts due to us under the terms of our agreements 
with those parties. The occurrence of any of the situations described above, particularly if it involves an anchor tenant with 
leases in multiple locations, could seriously harm our performance and could adversely affect the value of the affected retail 
property.

In the event that any of the anchor stores, major tenants or single-tenant property tenants in our retail properties do not 
renew their leases with us when they expire, we may be unable to re-lease such premises at market rents, or at all, which could 
have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and cash available for 
distribution and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations.

We may be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space on favorable terms or at all as leases expire, which 
could materially adversely affect us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for 
distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

As of December 31, 2016, approximately 7% of the square footage of the properties in our stabilized core office and 
retail portfolios was available.  Additionally, 2.3% and 11.7% of the annualized base rent in our office portfolio was scheduled 
to expire in 2017 and 2018, respectively and 7.1% and 10.5% of the annualized base rent in our retail portfolio was scheduled 
to expire in 2017 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, approximately 23% of our 4525 Main Street office property 
was available. Subsequent to December 31, 2016, 4525 Main Street is 93% leased. We cannot assure you that new leases will 
be entered into, that leases will be renewed or that our properties will be re-leased at net effective rental rates equal to or above 
the current average net effective rental rates or that substantial rent abatements, tenant improvements, early termination rights 
or below-market renewal options will not be offered to attract new tenants or retain existing tenants. In addition, our ability to 
17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
lease our multifamily properties at favorable rates, or at all, may be adversely affected by the increase in supply of multifamily 
properties in our target markets. Our ability to lease our properties depends upon the overall level of spending in the economy, 
which is adversely affected by, among other things, job losses and unemployment levels, fears of a recession, personal debt 
levels, the housing market, stock market volatility and uncertainty about the future. If rental rates for our properties decrease, 
our existing tenants do not renew their leases or we do not re-lease a significant portion of our available space and space for 
which leases expire, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distributions and our ability to 
service our debt obligations could be materially adversely affected.  

The short-term leases in our multifamily portfolio expose us to the effects of declining market rents, which could adversely 
affect our results of operations, cash flow and cash available for distribution.

Substantially all of the leases in our multifamily portfolio are for terms of 12 months or less.  As a result, even if we 
are able to renew or re-lease apartment units as leases expire, our rental revenues will be impacted by declines in market rents 
more quickly than if all of our leases had longer terms, which could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow and 
cash available for distribution.

Competition for property acquisitions and development opportunities may reduce the number of opportunities available to 
us and increase our costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our growth prospects.

The current market for property acquisitions and development opportunities continues to be extremely competitive. 
This competition may increase the demand for the types of properties in which we typically invest and, therefore, reduce the 
number of suitable investment opportunities available to us and increase the purchase prices for such properties, in the event we 
are able to acquire or develop such properties. We face significant competition for attractive investment opportunities from an 
indeterminate number of investors, including publicly traded and privately held REITs, private equity investors and institutional 
investment funds, some of which have greater financial resources than we do, a greater ability to borrow funds to make 
investments in properties and the ability to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the 
geographic proximity of investments and the payment of higher acquisition prices. This competition will increase if 
investments in real estate become more attractive relative to other forms of investment. If the level of competition for 
investment opportunities is significant in our target markets, it could have a material adverse effect on our growth prospects. 

Increased competition and increased affordability of residential homes could limit our ability to retain our residents, lease 
apartment units or increase or maintain rents at our multifamily apartment communities.

Our multifamily apartment communities compete with numerous housing alternatives in attracting residents, including 

other multifamily apartment communities and single-family rental units, as well as owner-occupied single- and multifamily 
units.  Competitive housing in a particular area and an increase in affordability of owner-occupied single- and multifamily units 
due to, among other things, declining housing prices, oversupply, mortgage interest rates and tax incentives and government 
programs to promote home ownership, could adversely affect our ability to retain residents, lease apartment units and increase 
or maintain rents at our multifamily properties, which could adversely impact our results of operations, cash flow and cash 
available for distribution.

The failure of properties that we develop or acquire in the future to meet our financial expectations could have a material 
adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, the per share trading price of our 
common stock and our growth prospects.

Our future acquisitions and development projects and our ability to successfully operate these properties may be 

exposed to the following significant risks, among others:

•  we may acquire or develop properties that are not accretive to our results upon acquisition, and we may not 

successfully manage and lease those properties to meet our expectations;

• 

our cash flow may be insufficient to enable us to pay the required principal and interest payments on the debt 
secured by the property;

•  we may spend more than budgeted amounts to make necessary improvements or renovations to acquired 

properties or to develop new properties;

•  we may be unable to quickly and efficiently integrate new acquisitions or developed properties into our existing 

operations;

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  market conditions may result in higher than expected vacancy rates and lower than expected rental rates; and

•  we may acquire properties subject to liabilities without any recourse, or with only limited recourse, with respect 
to unknown liabilities such as liabilities for clean-up of undisclosed environmental contamination, claims by 
tenants, vendors or other persons dealing with the former owners of the properties, liabilities incurred in the 
ordinary course of business and claims for indemnification by general partners, directors, officers and others 
indemnified by the former owners of the properties.

If we cannot operate acquired or developed properties to meet our financial expectations, our growth prospects could 

be materially adversely affected.

Failure to succeed in new markets may limit our growth. 

We have acquired in the past, and we may acquire in the future if appropriate opportunities arise, properties that are 

outside of our primary markets.  Entering into new markets exposes us to a variety of risks, including difficulty evaluating local 
market conditions and local economies, developing new business relationships in the area, hiring and retaining key personnel 
and a lack of familiarity with local governmental and permitting procedures. Furthermore, expansion into new markets may 
divert management time and other resources.  As a result, we may not be successful expanding into new markets, which could 
adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We depend on significant tenants in certain of our office properties, and an inability to pay rent by any of these tenants 
could result in a material decrease in our rental income, which would have an adverse effect on our results of operations 
and cash available for distribution.

As of December 31, 2016, the top ten largest tenants in our office portfolio collectively accounted for approximately 

52.1% of the total annualized base rent in our office portfolio. Furthermore, Clark Nexsen, Hampton University and the 
Commonwealth of Virginia accounted for 13.1%, 5.4% and 4.7%, respectively, of the total annualized base rent in our office 
portfolio as of December 31, 2016. The inability of these or other significant tenants to pay rent or renew their leases upon 
expiration could materially and adversely affect the income produced by our office properties, which would have an adverse 
effect on our results of operations and cash available for distribution.

A bankruptcy or insolvency of any of our significant tenants in our office or retail properties could have a material adverse 
effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service 
our debt obligations.

If a significant tenant in our office or retail properties becomes bankrupt or insolvent, federal law may prohibit us from 

evicting such tenant based solely upon such bankruptcy or insolvency. In addition, a bankrupt or insolvent tenant may be 
authorized to reject and terminate its lease with us. Any claim against such tenant for unpaid, future rent would be subject to a 
statutory cap that might be substantially less than the remaining rent owed under the lease. If any of these tenants were to 
experience a downturn in its business or a weakening of its financial condition resulting in its failure to make timely rental 
payments or causing it to default under its lease, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur 
substantial costs in protecting our investment. In many cases, we may have made substantial initial investments in the 
applicable leases through tenant improvement allowances and other concessions that we may not be able to recover. Any such 
event could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash 
available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Certain of the leases at our retail properties contain “co-tenancy” or “go-dark” provisions, which, if triggered, may allow 
tenants to pay reduced rent, cease operations or terminate their leases, any of which could materially adversely affect our 
performance or the value of the affected retail property.

Certain of the leases at our retail properties contain “co-tenancy” provisions that condition a tenant’s obligation to 

remain open, the amount of rent payable by the tenant or the tenant’s obligation to continue occupancy on certain conditions, 
including: (i) the presence of a certain anchor tenant or tenants, (ii) the continued operation of an anchor tenant’s store and 
(iii) minimum occupancy levels at the retail property. If a co-tenancy provision is triggered by a failure of any of these or other 
applicable conditions, a tenant could have the right to cease operations, to terminate its lease early or to reduce its rent. In 
periods of prolonged economic decline, there is a higher than normal risk that co-tenancy provisions will be triggered as there 
is a higher risk of tenants closing stores or terminating leases during these periods. In addition to these co-tenancy provisions, 
certain of the leases at our retail properties contain “go-dark” provisions that allow the tenant to cease operations while 

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
continuing to pay rent. This could result in decreased customer traffic at the affected retail property, thereby decreasing sales 
for our other tenants at that property, which may result in our other tenants being unable to pay their minimum rents or expense 
recovery charges. These provisions also may result in lower rental revenue generated under the applicable leases. To the extent 
co-tenancy or go-dark provisions in our retail leases result in lower revenue or tenant sales or tenants’ rights to terminate their 
leases early or to a reduction of their rent, revenues and the value of the affected retail property could be materially adversely 
affected.

Our dependence on smaller businesses, particularly in our retail portfolio, to rent our space could have a material adverse 
effect on our cash flow and results of operations.

Many of our tenants, particularly those that lease space in our retail properties are smaller businesses that generally do 

not have the financial strength or resources of larger corporate tenants. In particular, 234 of our retail leases (representing 
approximately 15% of our annualized base rent from retail properties as of December 31, 2016) lease 2,500 or less square feet 
from us, and many of those tenants are smaller independent businesses, which generally experience a higher rate of failure than 
larger businesses. As a result of our dependence on these smaller businesses, we could experience a higher rate of tenant 
defaults, turnover and bankruptcies, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow and results of operations.

Many of our operating costs and expenses are fixed and will not decline if our revenues decline.

Our results of operations depend, in large part, on our level of revenues, operating costs and expenses. The expense of 
owning and operating a property is not necessarily reduced when circumstances such as market factors and competition cause a 
reduction in revenue from the property. As a result, if revenues decline, we may not be able to reduce our expenses to keep pace 
with the corresponding reductions in revenues. Many of the costs associated with real estate investments, such as real estate 
taxes, insurance, loan payments and maintenance, generally will not be reduced if a property is not fully occupied or other 
circumstances cause our revenues to decrease, which could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial 
condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Adverse conditions in the general retail environment could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial 
condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to satisfy our debt service 
obligations and to make distributions to our stockholders.

Approximately 57% of our total annualized base rent as of December 31, 2016 is from retail properties. As a result, we 
are subject to factors that affect the retail sector generally, as well as the market for retail space. The retail environment and the 
market for retail space have been, and in the future could, adversely affected by weakness in the national, regional and local 
economies, the level of consumer spending and consumer confidence, the adverse financial condition of some large retail 
companies, the ongoing consolidation in the retail sector, the excess amount of retail space in a number of markets and 
increasing competition from discount retailers, outlet malls, internet retailers and other online businesses. Increases in 
consumer spending via the internet may significantly affect our retail tenants’ ability to generate sales in their stores. New and 
enhanced technologies, including new digital technologies and new web services technologies, may increase competition for 
certain of our retail tenants.

Any of the foregoing factors could adversely affect the financial condition of our retail tenants and the willingness of 
retailers to lease space in our retail properties. In turn, these conditions could negatively affect market rents for retail space and 
could materially and adversely affect us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for 
distributions and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Increases in interest rates will increase our interest expense and may adversely affect our ability to pay distributions.

We have incurred, and may in the future incur, additional indebtedness that bears interest at a variable rate.  An 
increase in interest rates would increase our interest expense and increase the cost of refinancing existing debt and issuing new 
debt, which would adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.  In addition, to the 
extent we are unable to refinance debt when it becomes due, we will have fewer debt guarantee opportunities available to offer 
under our tax protection agreements, which could trigger an obligation to indemnify certain parties under the applicable tax 
protection agreements.  Furthermore, if we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be 
required to liquidate one or more of our investments at times that may not permit realization of the maximum return on such 
investments.  The effect of prolonged interest rate increases could adversely impact our ability to make acquisitions and 
develop properties.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage debt obligations expose us to the possibility of foreclosure, which could result in the loss of our investment in a 
property or group of properties subject to mortgage debt.

Mortgage and other secured debt obligations increases our risk of property losses because defaults on indebtedness 

secured by properties may result in foreclosure actions initiated by lenders and ultimately our loss of the property securing any 
loans for which we are in default. Any foreclosure on a mortgaged property or group of properties could adversely affect the 
overall value of our portfolio of properties. For tax purposes, a foreclosure on any of our properties that is subject to a 
nonrecourse mortgage loan would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of 
the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the 
property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but would not receive any cash proceeds, which could hinder our 
ability to meet the REIT distribution requirements imposed by the Code. Foreclosures could also trigger our tax 
indemnification obligations under the terms of our tax protection agreements with respect to the sales of certain properties.

Most of our debt arrangements involve balloon payment obligations, which may materially adversely affect us, including 
our cash flows, financial condition and ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

Most of our debt arrangements require us to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. Our ability to make a 

balloon payment at maturity is uncertain and may depend upon our ability to obtain additional financing or our ability to sell 
the property. At the time the balloon payment is due, we may or may not be able to refinance the existing financing on terms as 
favorable as the original loan or sell the property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment. In addition, balloon 
payments and payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness may leave us with insufficient cash to pay the 
distributions that we are required to pay to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

Our credit facility restricts our ability to engage in certain business activities, including our ability to incur additional 
indebtedness, make capital expenditures and make certain investments.

Our credit facility contains customary negative covenants and other financial and operating covenants that, among 

other things:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness;

restrict our ability to incur additional liens;

restrict our ability to make certain investments (including certain capital expenditures);

restrict our ability to merge with another company;

restrict our ability to sell or dispose of assets;

restrict our ability to make distributions to our stockholders; and

require us to satisfy minimum financial coverage ratios, minimum tangible net worth requirements and 
maximum leverage ratios.

These limitations restrict our ability to engage in certain business activities, which could materially adversely affect 

our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt 
obligations. In addition, our credit facility may contain specific cross-default provisions with respect to specified other 
indebtedness, giving the lenders the right, in certain circumstances, to declare a default if we are in default under other loans.

Adverse economic and geopolitical conditions and dislocations in the credit markets could have a material adverse effect on 
us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to 
service our debt obligations.

Our business may be affected by market and economic challenges experienced by the U.S. economy or real estate 
industry as a whole. Such conditions may materially adversely affect us as a result of the following potential consequences, 
among others: 

• 

decreased demand for office, retail and multifamily space, which would cause market rental rates and property 
values to be negatively impacted;

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

reduced values of our properties may limit our ability to dispose of assets at attractive prices or obtain debt 
financing secured by our properties and may reduce the availability of unsecured loans;

our ability to obtain financing on terms and conditions that we find acceptable, or at all, may be limited, which 
could reduce our ability to pursue acquisition and development opportunities and refinance existing debt, 
reduce our returns from our acquisition and development activities and increase our future debt service expense; 
and

one or more lenders under our credit facility could refuse to fund their financing commitment to us or could fail 
and we may not be able to replace the financing commitment of any such lenders on favorable terms, or at all.

If the U.S. economy experiences an economic downturn, we may see increases in bankruptcies of our tenants and 

increased defaults by tenants, and we may experience higher vacancy rates and delays in re-leasing vacant space, which could 
negatively impact our business and results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our 
debt obligations.

Failure to hedge effectively against interest rate changes may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, 
cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we expect to continue to enter into hedging transactions to protect 
us from the effects of interest rate fluctuations on floating rate debt. Our existing hedging transactions have, and future hedging 
transactions may, include entering into interest rate cap agreements or interest rate swap agreements. These agreements involve 
risks, such as the risk that such arrangements would not be effective in reducing our exposure to interest rate changes or that a 
court could rule that such an agreement is not legally enforceable. In addition, interest rate hedging can be expensive, 
particularly during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. Hedging could increase our costs and reduce the overall returns 
on our investments. In addition, while hedging agreements would be intended to lessen the impact of rising interest rates on us, 
they could also expose us to the risk that the other parties to the agreements would not perform, that we could incur significant 
costs associated with the settlement of the agreements or that the underlying transactions could fail to qualify as highly-
effective cash flow hedges under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 
Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging.  

We will continue to incur costs as a result of being a public company, and such costs may increase if and when we cease to 
be an “emerging growth company.”

As a public company, we expect to continue to incur significant legal, accounting, insurance and other expenses that 
we did not incur as a private company, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements. The expenses 
incurred by public companies generally for reporting and corporate governance purposes have been increasing. We expect 
compliance with these public reporting requirements and associated rules and regulations to increase expenses, particularly 
after we are no longer an emerging growth company, although we are currently unable to estimate these costs with any degree 
of certainty. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years after our initial public offering, although 
circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, which could result in our incurring additional costs applicable to public 
companies that are not emerging growth companies. 

We will be required to have an independent auditor assess the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting 
when we cease to be an "emerging growth company."

As long as we remain an emerging growth company, as that term is defined in the JOBS Act, we will be permitted to 

gradually comply with certain of the on-going reporting and disclosure obligations of public companies pursuant to the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. However, after we are no longer an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act, management will be 
required to have an independent auditor assess the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, pursuant to 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Substantial work on our part is required to implement appropriate processes, document 
the system of internal control over key processes, assess their design, remediate any deficiencies identified and test their 
operation. This process is expected to be both costly and challenging. We cannot give any assurances that material weaknesses 
will not be identified in the future in connection with our compliance with the provisions of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act. The existence of any material weakness described above would preclude a conclusion by management and our 
independent auditors that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting. Our management may be required 
to devote significant time and expense to remediate any material weaknesses that may be discovered and may not be able to 
remediate any material weakness in a timely manner. For the year ended December 31, 2016, we were require to document 
internal control processes and provide self-certification of those processes.  The existence of any material weakness in our 

22

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
internal control over financial reporting could also result in errors in our financial statements that could require us to restate our 
financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported 
financial information, all of which could lead to a decline in the per share trading price of our common stock.

We may be required to make rent or other concessions or significant capital expenditures to improve our properties in order 
to retain and attract tenants, which may materially adversely affect us, including our financial condition, results of 
operations, cash flow, cash available for distributions and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Upon expiration of our leases to our tenants, to the extent that adverse economic conditions in the real estate market 

reduce the demand for office, retail and multifamily space, we may be required to make rent or other concessions, 
accommodate requests for renovations, build-to-suit remodeling and other improvements or provide additional services to our 
tenants, any of which would increase our costs. As a result, we may have to make significant capital or other expenditures in 
order to retain tenants whose leases expire and to attract new tenants in sufficient numbers. Additionally, we may need to raise 
capital to make such expenditures. If we are unable to do so or capital is otherwise unavailable, we may be unable to make the 
required expenditures. This could result in non-renewals by tenants upon expiration of their leases. If any of the foregoing were 
to occur, it could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash 
available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Our use of units in our Operating Partnership as currency to acquire properties could result in stockholder dilution or limit 
our ability to sell such properties, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

We have, and in the future we may, acquire properties or portfolios of properties through tax deferred contribution 

transactions in exchange for OP Units. In particular, we issued OP Units in connection with our acquisition of certain properties 
during 2016 and intend to issue additional OP Units in connection with certain property acquisitions during 2017, as discussed 
in “Item 1 – Business – Acquisitions and Dispositions.” This acquisition structure may have the effect of, among other things, 
reducing the amount of tax depreciation we could deduct over the tax life of the acquired properties, and may require that we 
agree to protect the contributors’ ability to defer recognition of taxable gain through restrictions on our ability to dispose of the 
acquired properties or the allocation of partnership debt to the contributors to maintain their tax bases. These restrictions also 
could limit our ability to sell properties at a time, or on terms, that would be favorable absent such restrictions. In addition, 
future issuances of OP Units would reduce our ownership percentage in our Operating Partnership and affect the amount of 
distributions made to us by our Operating Partnership and, therefore, the amount of distributions we can make to our 
stockholders. To the extent that our stockholders do not directly own OP Units, our stockholders will not have any voting rights 
with respect to any such issuances or other partnership level activities of our Operating Partnership.

Significant competition in the leasing market could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, 
results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

We compete with numerous developers, owners and operators of real estate, many of which own properties similar to 

ours in the same submarkets in which our properties are located. If our competitors offer space at rental rates below current 
market rates, or below the rental rates we currently charge our tenants, we may lose existing or potential tenants and we may be 
pressured to reduce our rental rates below those we currently charge or to offer more substantial rent abatements, tenant 
improvements, early termination rights or below-market renewal options in order to retain tenants when our tenants’ leases 
expire. As a result, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distributions and our ability to 
service our debt obligations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our success depends on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed, and the loss of one or more of our key 
personnel could adversely affect our ability to manage our business and to implement our growth strategies, or could create 
a negative perception of our company in the capital markets.

Our continued success and our ability to manage anticipated future growth depend, in large part, upon the efforts of 
key personnel, particularly Messrs. Hoffler (our Executive Chairman), Kirk (our Vice Chairman), Haddad (our President and 
Chief Executive Officer),  Apperson (our President of Construction), O’Hara (our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer), and 
Smith (our Chief Investment Officer and Corporate Secretary) and Ms. Hampton (our President of Asset Management), who 
have extensive market knowledge and relationships and exercise substantial influence over our operational, financing, 
development and construction activity. Among the reasons that these individuals are important to our success is that each has a 
national or regional industry reputation that attracts business and investment opportunities and assists us in negotiations with 
lenders, existing and potential tenants and industry personnel. If we lose their services, our relationships with such industry 
personnel could diminish.  

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Many of our other senior executives also have extensive experience and strong reputations in the real estate industry, 

which aid us in identifying opportunities, having opportunities brought to us and negotiating with tenants and build-to-suit 
prospects. The loss of services of one or more members of our senior management team, or our inability to attract and retain 
highly qualified personnel, could adversely affect our business, diminish our investment opportunities and weaken our 
relationships with lenders, business partners, existing and prospective tenants and industry participants, which could materially 
adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and the per share trading price of our common stock.

We may be subject to on-going or future litigation, including existing claims relating to the entities that owned the 
properties prior to our initial public offering and otherwise in the ordinary course of business, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and the per share trading price of our common 
stock.

We may be subject to on-going litigation, including existing claims relating to the entities that owned the properties 

and operated the businesses prior to our initial public offering and otherwise in the ordinary course of business. Some of these 
claims may result in significant defense costs and potentially significant judgments against us, some of which are not, or cannot 
be, insured against. We generally intend to vigorously defend ourselves. However, we cannot be certain of the ultimate 
outcomes of currently asserted claims or of those that may arise in the future. In addition, we may become subject to litigation 
in connection with the formation transactions related to our initial public offering in the event that prior investors dispute the 
valuation of their respective interests, the adequacy of the consideration received by them in the formation transactions or the 
interpretation of the agreements implementing the formation transactions. Resolution of these types of matters against us may 
result in our having to pay significant fines, judgments, or settlements, which, if uninsured, or if the fines, judgments, and 
settlements exceed insured levels, could adversely impact our earnings and cash flows, thereby having an adverse effect on our 
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt 
obligations. Certain litigation or the resolution of certain litigation may affect the availability or cost of some of our insurance 
coverage, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows, expose us to increased risks that 
would be uninsured and adversely impact our ability to attract officers and directors.

Potential losses from hurricanes in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and South Carolina may not be covered by 
insurance. 

All but two of the properties in our portfolio as of December 31, 2016 are located in Virginia, Maryland, North 
Carolina and South Carolina, which are areas particularly susceptible to hurricanes. While we carry insurance on certain of our 
properties, the amount of our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to fully cover losses from hurricanes and will be subject 
to limitations involving large deductibles or co-payments. In addition, we may reduce or discontinue insurance on some or all 
of our properties in the future if the cost of premiums for any such policies exceeds, in our judgment, the value of the coverage 
discounted for the risk of loss. As a result, in the event of a hurricane, we may be required to incur significant costs, and, to the 
extent that a loss exceeds policy limits, we could lose the capital invested in the damaged properties as well as the anticipated 
future cash flows from those properties. In addition, if the damaged properties are subject to recourse indebtedness, we would 
continue to be liable for the indebtedness, even if these properties were irreparably damaged.  

We may not be able to rebuild our existing properties to their existing specifications if we experience a substantial or 
comprehensive loss of such properties.

In the event that we experience a substantial or comprehensive loss of one of our properties, we may not be able to 
rebuild such property to its existing specifications. Further, reconstruction or improvement of such a property would likely 
require significant upgrades to meet zoning and building code requirements. Environmental and legal restrictions could also 
restrict the rebuilding of our properties.

Joint venture investments could be adversely affected by our lack of sole decision-making authority, our reliance on co-
venturers’ financial condition and disputes between us and our co-venturers.

In the past, we have, and in the future, we expect to, co-invest with third parties through partnerships, joint ventures or 
other entities, acquiring noncontrolling interests in or sharing responsibility for developing properties and managing the affairs 
of a property, partnership, joint venture or other entity. In particular, in connection with the formation transactions related to our 
initial public offering, we provided certain of the prior investors with the right to co-develop certain projects with us in the 
future and the right to acquire a minority equity interest in certain properties that we may develop in the future, in each case 
under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions set forth in the applicable agreement. Furthermore, as of 
December 31, 2016, we were 70%, 65%, 80%, 80%, 80% and 37% joint venture partners in our Lightfoot Marketplace, Brooks 
Crossing, Johns Hopkins Village, Town Center Phase VI, Harding Place and City Center development projects, respectively. 

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsequent to December 31, 2016, we acquired the remaining 20% interest in Town Center Phase VI. In the event that we co-
develop a property together with a third party, we would be required to share a portion of the development fee. With respect to 
any such arrangement or any similar arrangement that we may enter into in the future, we may not be in a position to exercise 
sole decision-making authority regarding the development, property, partnership, joint venture or other entity. Investments in 
partnerships, joint ventures or other entities may, under certain circumstances, involve risks not present where a third party is 
not involved, including the possibility that partners or co-venturers might become bankrupt or fail to fund their share of 
required capital contributions. Partners or co-venturers may have economic or other business interests or goals which are 
inconsistent with our business interests or goals and may be in a position to take actions contrary to our policies or objectives, 
and they may have competing interests in our markets that could create conflicts of interest. Such investments may also have 
the potential risk of impasses on decisions, such as a sale or financing, because neither we nor the partner(s) or co-venturer(s) 
would have full control over the partnership or joint venture. In addition, a sale or transfer by us to a third party of our interests 
in the joint venture may be subject to consent rights or rights of first refusal, in favor of our joint venture partners, which would 
in each case restrict our ability to dispose of our interest in the joint venture. Where we are a limited partner or non-managing 
member in any partnership or limited liability company, if such entity takes or expects to take actions that could jeopardize our 
status as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. Disputes between us and 
partners or co-venturers may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and 
directors from focusing their time and effort on our business. Consequently, actions by or disputes with partners or co-venturers 
might result in subjecting properties owned by the partnership or joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in certain 
circumstances be liable for the actions of our third-party partners or co-venturers. Our joint ventures may be subject to debt 
and, during periods of volatile credit markets, the refinancing of such debt may require equity capital calls.  

Mezzanine loans and similar loan investments are subject to significant risks, and losses related to these investments could 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. 

We have originated, and may in the future originate or acquire, mezzanine or similar loans, which take the form of 
subordinated loans secured by second mortgages on the underlying property or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership 
interests of either the entity owning the property or a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity that owns the interest in the 
entity owning the property. These types of loans involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage loans secured 
by income-producing real property because the loan may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In 
addition, these loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the 
property and increasing the risk of loss of principal. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or 
in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt is paid in full. In the event 
of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the 
assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. As a result, we may not 
recover some or all of our initial investment. In addition, in connection with our loan investments, we may have options to 
purchase all or a portion of the underlying property upon maturity of the loan; however, if a developer’s costs for a project are 
higher than anticipated, exercising such options may not be attractive or economically feasible, or we may not have sufficient 
funds to exercise such options even if desire to do so. Significant losses related to mezzanine or similar loan investments could 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our growth depends on external sources of capital that are outside of our control and may not be available to us on 
commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could limit our ability to, among other things, meet our capital and 
operating needs or make the cash distributions to our stockholders necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required under the Code to, among other things, distribute 

annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding 
any net capital gain. In addition, we will be subject to income tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we distribute less 
than 100% of our REIT taxable income, including any net capital gains. Because of these distribution requirements, we may not 
be able to fund future capital needs, including any necessary capital expenditures, from operating cash flow. Consequently, we 
intend to rely on third-party sources to fund our capital needs. We may not be able to obtain such financing on favorable terms 
or at all and any additional debt we incur will increase our leverage and likelihood of default. Our access to third-party sources 
of capital depends, in part, on: 

• 

• 

• 

general market conditions;

the market’s perception of our growth potential;

our current debt levels;

25

 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

our current and expected future earnings;

our cash flow and cash distributions; and the market price per share of our common stock.

If we cannot obtain capital from third-party sources, we may not be able to acquire or develop properties when 
strategic opportunities exist, meet the capital and operating needs of our existing properties, satisfy our debt service obligations 
or make the cash distributions to our stockholders necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We may not be able to sustain our growth rate level.

Since our inception, we have achieved significant growth in our portfolio and results of operations.  We may not be 

able to sustain this level of growth, and over time we may experience a decline in our growth rate as a result of various factors, 
including our ability to successfully acquire and develop retail, office and multifamily properties, changes in the economic and 
other conditions in geographic markets in which we conduct business, changes in the real estate market generally, the 
competitiveness of the real estate market and the other risks discussed in this section, which could adversely affect the market 
price of our common stock.

Risks Related to Our Third-Party Construction Business

Adverse economic and regulatory conditions, particularly in the Mid-Atlantic region, could adversely affect our 
construction and development business, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of 
operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Our third-party construction activities have been, and are expected to continue to be, primarily focused in the Mid-

Atlantic region, although we have also undertaken construction projects in various states in the Southeast, Northeast and 
Midwest regions of the United States. As a result of our concentration of construction projects in the Mid-Atlantic region of the 
United States, we are particularly susceptible to adverse economic or other conditions in this market (such as periods of 
economic slowdown or recession, business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, relocations of businesses, labor 
disruptions and the costs of complying with governmental regulations or increased regulation), as well as to natural disasters 
that occur in this region. We cannot assure you that our target markets will support construction and development projects of 
the type in which we typically engage. While we have the ability to provide a wide range of development and construction 
services, any adverse economic or real estate developments in the Mid-Atlantic region could materially adversely affect our 
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt 
obligations.

There can be no assurance that all of the projects for which our construction business is engaged as general contractor will 
be commenced or completed in their entirety in accordance with the anticipated cost, or that we will achieve the financial 
results we expect from the construction of such properties, which could materially adversely affect our cash flows, results of 
operations and growth prospects.

Our construction business earns profit for serving as general contractor equal to the difference between the total 

construction fees that we charge and the costs that we incur to build a property. If the decision is made by a third-party client to 
abandon a construction project for any reason, our anticipated fee revenue from such project could be significantly lower than 
we expect. In addition, we defer pre-contract costs when such costs are directly associated with specific anticipated 
construction contracts and their recovery is deemed probable. In the event that we determine that the execution of a 
construction contract is no longer probable, we would be required to expense those pre-contract costs in the period in which 
such determination is made, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations in such period. Our ability to 
complete the projects in our construction pipeline on time and on budget could be materially adversely affected as a result of 
the following factors, among others: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

shortages of subcontractors, equipment, materials or skilled labor;

unscheduled delays in the delivery of ordered materials and equipment;

unanticipated increases in the cost of equipment, labor and raw materials;

unforeseen engineering, environmental or geological problems;

•  weather interferences;

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

difficulties in obtaining necessary permits or in meeting permit conditions;

client acceptance delays; or

•  work stoppages and other labor disputes.

If we do not complete construction projects on time and on budget, it could have a material adverse effect on us, 

including our cash flows, results of operations and growth prospects.

Our dependence on third-party subcontractors and equipment and material providers could result in material shortages and 
project delays and could reduce our profits or result in project losses, which could materially adversely affect our financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flow.

Because our construction business provides general contracting services, we rely on third-party subcontractors and 

equipment and material providers. For example, we procure equipment and construction materials as needed when engaged in 
large construction projects. To the extent that we cannot engage subcontractors or acquire equipment and materials at 
reasonable costs or if the amount we are required to pay for subcontractors or equipment exceeds our estimates, our ability to 
complete a construction project in a timely fashion or at a profit may be impaired. In addition, if a subcontractor or a 
manufacturer is unable to deliver its services, equipment or materials according to the negotiated terms for any reason, 
including the deterioration of its financial condition, we may be required to purchase the services, equipment or materials from 
another source at a higher price. Additionally, while our construction contracts generally provide that our obligation to pay 
subcontractors is expressly made subject to the condition precedent that we shall have first received payment, we cannot assure 
you that these so called “pay-if-paid” or “pay-when-paid” provisions will be recognized in all jurisdictions in which we do 
business, or that a subcontractor or payment bond surety may not otherwise be entitled to payment or to record a lien on the 
affected property. In such event, we may be required to pay a payment bond surety or the subcontractors we engage even 
though we have yet to receive our fees as general contractor. This may reduce the profit to be realized or result in a loss on a 
project for which the services, equipment or materials are needed, which may materially adversely affect us, including our 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

Our construction business recognizes certain revenue on a percentage-of-completion basis and upon the achievement of 
contractual milestones, and any delay or cancellation of a construction project could materially adversely affect our cash 
flows and results of operations.

Our construction business recognizes certain revenue on a percentage-of-completion basis and, as a result, revenue 

from our construction business is driven by the performance of our contractual obligations. The percentage-of-completion 
method of accounting is inherently subjective because it relies on estimates of total project cost as a basis for recognizing 
revenue and profit. Accordingly, revenue and profit recognized under the percentage-of-completion method is potentially 
subject to adjustments in subsequent periods based on refinements in the estimated cost to complete a project, which could 
result in a reduction or reversal of previously recorded revenues and profits. In addition, delays in, or the cancellation of, any 
particular construction project could adversely impact our ability to recognize revenue in a particular period. Furthermore, 
changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those arising from contract penalty provisions 
and final contract settlements, may result in revisions to costs and income in the period in which they are determined. If any of 
the foregoing were to occur, it could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and results of operations.

Construction project sites are inherently dangerous workplaces, and, as a result, our failure to maintain safe construction 
project sites could result in deaths or injuries, reduced profitability, the loss of projects or clients and possible exposure to 
litigation, any of which could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and 
reputation.

Construction and maintenance sites often put our employees, employees of subcontractors, our tenants and members 

of the public in close proximity with mechanized equipment, moving vehicles, chemical and manufacturing processes and 
highly regulated materials. On many sites, we are responsible for safety and, accordingly, must implement safety procedures. If 
we fail to implement these procedures or if the procedures we implement are ineffective, we may suffer the loss of or injury to 
our employees, fines or expose our tenants and members of the public to potential injury, thereby creating exposure to 
litigation. As a result, our failure to maintain adequate safety standards could result in reduced profitability or the loss of 
projects, clients and tenants, which may materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and 
our reputation.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supply shortages and other risks associated with demand for skilled labor could increase construction costs and delay 
performance of our obligations under construction contracts, which could materially adversely affect the profitability of our 
construction business, our cash flow and results of operations.

There is a high level of competition in the construction industry for skilled labor. Increased costs, labor shortages or 
other disruptions in the supply of skilled labor, such as carpenters, roofers, electricians and plumbers, could cause increases in 
construction costs and construction delays. We may not be able to pass on increases in construction costs because of market 
conditions or negotiated contractual terms. Sustained increases in construction costs due to competition for skilled labor and 
delays in performance under construction contracts may materially adversely affect the profitability of our construction 
business, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

Our failure to successfully and profitably bid on construction contracts could materially adversely affect our results of 
operations and cash flow.

Many of the costs related to our construction business, such as personnel costs, are fixed and are incurred by us 

irrespective of the level of activity of our construction business. The success of our construction business depends, in part, on 
our ability to successfully and profitably bid on construction contracts for private and public sector clients. Contract proposals 
and negotiations are complex and frequently involve a lengthy bidding and selection process, which can be impacted by a 
number of factors, many of which are outside our control, including market conditions, financing arrangements and required 
governmental approvals. If we are unable to maintain a consistent backlog of third-party construction contracts, our results of 
operations and cash flow could be materially adversely affected.

If we fail to timely complete a construction project, miss a required performance standard or otherwise fail to adequately 
perform on a construction project, we may incur losses or financial penalties, which could materially adversely affect our 
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and reputation.

We may contractually commit to a construction client that we will complete a construction project by a scheduled date 
at a fixed cost. We may also commit that a construction project, when completed, will achieve specified performance standards. 
If the construction project is not completed by the scheduled date or fails to meet required performance standards, we may 
either incur significant additional costs or be held responsible for the costs incurred by the client to rectify damages due to late 
completion or failure to achieve the required performance standards. In addition, completion of projects can be adversely 
affected by a number of factors beyond our control, including unavoidable delays from governmental inaction, public 
opposition, inability to obtain financing, weather conditions, unavailability of vendor materials, availabilities of subcontractors, 
changes in the project scope of services requested by our clients, industrial accidents, environmental hazards, labor disruptions 
and other factors. In some cases, if we fail to meet required performance standards or milestone requirements, we may also be 
subject to agreed-upon financial damages in the form of liquidated damages, which are determined pursuant to the contract 
governing the construction project. To the extent that these events occur, the total costs of the project could exceed our 
estimates and our contracted cost and we could experience reduced profits or, in some cases, incur a loss on a project, which 
may materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. Failure to meet performance 
standards or complete performance on a timely basis could also adversely affect our reputation.

Unionization or work stoppages could have a material adverse effect on us.

From time to time, our construction business and the subcontractors we engage may use unionized construction 

workers, which requires us to pay the prevailing wage in a jurisdiction to such workers. Due to the highly labor-intensive and 
price-competitive nature of the construction business, the cost of unionization or prevailing wage requirements for new 
developments could be substantial, which could adversely affect our profitability. In addition, the use of unionized construction 
workers could cause us to become subject to organized work stoppages, which would materially adversely affect our ability to 
meet our construction timetables and could significantly increase the cost of completing a construction project.

Risks Related to Our Development Business and Property Acquisitions

Our failure to establish new development relationships with public partners and expand our development relationships with 
existing public partners could have a material adverse effect on us, including our cash flows, results of operations and 
growth prospects.

Our growth strategy depends significantly on our ability to leverage our extensive experience in completing large, 
complex, mixed-use public/private projects to establish new relationships with public partners and expand our relationships 
with existing public partners. Future increases in our revenues may depend significantly on our ability to expand the scope of 
28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the work we do with the state and local government agencies with which we currently have partnered and attract new state and 
local government agencies to undertake public/private development projects with us. Our ability to obtain new work with state 
and local governmental authorities on new public/private development and financing partnerships could be adversely affected 
by several factors, including decreases in state and local budgets, changes in administrations, the departure of government 
personnel with whom we have worked and negative public perceptions about public/private partnerships. In addition, to the 
extent that we engage in public/private partnerships in states or local communities in which we have not previously worked, we 
could be subject to risks associated with entry into new markets, such as lack of market knowledge or understanding of the 
local economy, lack of business relationships in the area and unfamiliarity with local governmental and permitting procedures. 
If we fail to establish new relationships with public partners and expand our relationships with existing public partners, it could 
have a material adverse effect on our growth prospects.

We may be unable to identify and complete development opportunities and acquisitions of properties that meet our 
investment criteria, which may materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and 
growth prospects.

Our business and growth strategy involves the development and selective acquisition of office, retail and multifamily 
properties. We may expend significant management time and other resources, including out-of-pocket costs, in pursuing these 
investment opportunities. Our ability to complete development projects or acquire properties on favorable terms, or at all, may 
be exposed to the following significant risks: 

•  we may incur significant costs and divert management attention in connection with evaluating and negotiating 
potential development opportunities and acquisitions, including those that we are subsequently unable to 
complete;

• 

agreements for the development or acquisition of properties are subject to conditions, which we may be unable 
to satisfy; and

•  we may be unable to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all.

If we are unable to identify attractive investment opportunities and successfully develop new properties, our financial 

condition, results of operations, cash flow and growth prospects could be materially adversely affected.

The risks associated with land holdings and related activities could have a material adverse effect on us, including our 
results of operations.

We hold options to acquire undeveloped parcels of land for future development and may in the future acquire 
additional land holdings for development. The risks inherent in purchasing, owning, and developing land increase as demand or 
rental rates for office, retail or multifamily properties decreases. Real estate markets are highly uncertain and volatile and, as a 
result, the value of undeveloped land has fluctuated significantly and may continue to fluctuate. In addition, carrying costs, 
including interest and other pre-development costs, can be significant and can result in losses or reduced profitability. If there 
are subsequent changes in the fair value of our undeveloped land holdings that cause us to determine that the fair value of our 
undeveloped land holdings is less than their carrying basis reflected in our financial statements plus estimated costs to sell, we 
may be required to take future impairment charges which would reduce our net income and could materially and adversely 
affect our results of operations.

The success of our activities to design, construct and develop properties in which we will retain an ownership interest is 
dependent, in part, on the availability of suitable undeveloped land at acceptable prices as well as our having sufficient 
liquidity to fund investments in such undeveloped land and subsequent development.

Our success in designing, constructing and developing projects for our own account depends, in part, upon the 

continued availability of suitable undeveloped land at acceptable prices. The availability of undeveloped land for purchase at 
favorable prices depends on a number of factors outside of our control, including the risk of competitive over-bidding on land 
and governmental regulations that restrict the potential uses of land. If the availability of suitable land opportunities decreases, 
the number of development projects we may be able to undertake could be reduced. In addition, our ability to make land 
purchases will depend upon us having sufficient liquidity or access to external sources of capital to fund such purchases. Thus, 
the lack of availability of suitable land opportunities and insufficient liquidity to fund the purchases of any such available land 
opportunities could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and growth prospects.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our real estate development activities are subject to risks particular to development, such as unanticipated expenses, delays 
and other contingencies, any of which could materially adversely affect us, including our financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flow.

We engage in development and redevelopment activities and will be subject to the following risks associated with 

such activities: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

unsuccessful development or redevelopment opportunities could result in direct expenses to us and cause us to 
incur losses;

construction or redevelopment costs of a project may exceed original estimates, possibly making the project 
less profitable than originally estimated, or unprofitable;

occupancy rates and rents of a completed project may not be sufficient to make the project profitable; and

the availability and pricing of financing to fund our development activities on favorable terms or at all.

These risks could result in substantial unanticipated delays or expenses and, under certain circumstances, could 
prevent completion of development or redevelopment activities once undertaken, any of which could have an adverse effect on 
our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

There can be no assurance that all of the properties in our development pipeline will be completed in their entirety in 
accordance with the anticipated cost, or that we will achieve the results we expect from the development of such properties, 
which could materially adversely affect our growth prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

The development of the projects in our development pipeline are subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside 
of our control. The cost necessary to complete the development of our development pipeline could be materially higher than we 
anticipate. Because we generally intend to commence the construction phase of an office or retail project for our own account 
only where a substantial percentage of the commercial space is pre-leased, we could decide not to undertake construction on 
one or more of the projects in our development pipeline if our pre-leasing efforts are unsuccessful. Furthermore, if we are 
delayed in the completion of any development project, tenants may have the right to terminate pre-development leases, which 
could materially adversely affect the financial viability of the project. In addition, even if we decide to commence construction 
on a project, we can provide no assurances that we will complete any of the projects in our development pipeline on the 
anticipated schedule, or that, once completed, the properties in our development pipeline will achieve the results that we 
expect. If the development of the projects in our development pipeline is not completed in accordance with our anticipated 
timing or at the anticipated cost, or the properties fail to achieve the financial results we expect, it could have a material adverse 
effect on our growth prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Our option properties are subject to various risks, and we may not be able to acquire them.

We have options to acquire from certain of our officers and directors certain parcels of developable land. These parcels 

are exposed to many of the same risks that may affect the other properties in our portfolio. The terms of the option agreements 
relating to these parcels were not determined by arm’s-length negotiations, and such terms may be less favorable to us than 
those that may have been obtained through negotiations with third parties. In addition, it may become economically 
unattractive to exercise our options with respect to these parcels, which could cause us to decide not to exercise our option to 
purchase these parcels in the future. In such event, or in the event that the option agreements expire by their terms, the parcels 
could be sold to one of our competitors without restriction. Because our officers and directors own economic interests in these 
parcels, our decision to exercise or refrain from exercising such options will create conflicts of interest.

Risks Related to the Real Estate Industry

Our business is subject to risks associated with real estate assets and the real estate industry, which could materially 
adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and our ability to 
service our debt obligations.

Our ability to pay expected dividends to our stockholders depends on our ability to generate revenues in excess of 

expenses, scheduled principal payments on debt and capital expenditure requirements. Events and conditions generally 
applicable to owners and operators of real property that are beyond our control may decrease cash available for distribution and 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the value of our properties. These events include many of the risks set forth above under “—Risks Related to Our Business ,” as 
well as the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

oversupply or reduction in demand for office, retail or multifamily space in our markets;

adverse changes in financial conditions of buyers, sellers and tenants of properties;

vacancies or our inability to rent space on favorable terms, including possible market pressures to offer tenants 
rent abatements, tenant improvements, early termination rights or below-market renewal options, and the need 
to periodically repair, renovate and re-lease space;

increased operating costs, including insurance premiums, utilities, real estate taxes and state and local taxes;

a favorable interest rate environment that may result in a significant number of potential residents of our 
multifamily apartment communities deciding to purchase homes instead of renting;

rent control or stabilization laws, or other laws regulating rental housing, which could prevent us from raising 
rents to offset increases in operating costs;

civil unrest, acts of war, terrorist attacks and natural disasters, including hurricanes, which may result in 
uninsured or underinsured losses;

decreases in the underlying value of our real estate;

changing submarket demographics; and

changing traffic patterns.

In addition, periods of economic downturn or recession, rising interest rates or declining demand for real estate, or the 

public perception that any of these events may occur, could result in a general decline in rents or an increased incidence of 
defaults under existing leases, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, 
cash available for distribution and our ability to service our debt obligations.

Illiquidity of real estate investments could significantly impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the performance 
of our properties and harm our financial condition.

The real estate investments made, and to be made, by us are difficult to sell quickly. As a result, our ability to promptly 

sell one or more properties in our portfolio in response to changing economic, financial and investment conditions is limited. 
Return of capital and realization of gains, if any, from an investment generally will occur upon disposition or refinancing of the 
underlying property. We may be unable to realize our investment objectives by disposition or refinancing at attractive prices 
within any given period of time or may otherwise be unable to complete any exit strategy. In particular, our ability to dispose of 
one or more properties within a specific time period is subject to certain limitations imposed by our tax protection agreements, 
as well as weakness in or even the lack of an established market for a property, changes in the financial condition or prospects 
of prospective purchasers, changes in national or international economic conditions and changes in laws, regulations or fiscal 
policies of jurisdictions in which the property is located.

In addition, the Code imposes restrictions on a REIT’s ability to dispose of properties that are not applicable to other 

types of real estate companies. In particular, the tax laws applicable to REITs effectively require that we hold our properties for 
investment, rather than primarily for sale in the ordinary course of business, which may cause us to forego or defer sales of 
properties that otherwise would be in our best interests. Therefore, we may not be able to vary our portfolio in response to 
economic or other conditions promptly or on favorable terms.

Our property taxes could increase due to property tax rate changes or reassessment, which would adversely impact our cash 
flows.

Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we will be required to pay some state and local taxes on 

our properties. The real property taxes on our properties may increase as property tax rates change or as our properties are 
assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Therefore, the amount of property taxes we pay in the future may increase 

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
substantially from what we have paid in the past. If the property taxes we pay increase, our cash flow would be adversely 
impacted, and our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders could be adversely affected.

As an owner of real estate, we could incur significant costs and liabilities related to environmental matters.

Under various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, as a current or former owner or 
operator of real property, we may be liable for costs and damages resulting from the presence or discharge of hazardous or toxic 
substances, waste or petroleum products at, on, in, under or migrating from such property, including costs to investigate and 
clean up such contamination and liability for harm to natural resources. Such laws often impose liability without regard to 
whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such contamination, and the liability may be 
joint and several. These liabilities could be substantial and the cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or other costs 
could exceed the value of the property and our aggregate assets. In addition, the presence of contamination or the failure to 
remediate contamination at our properties may expose us to third-party liability for costs of remediation and personal or 
property damage or materially adversely affect our ability to sell, lease or develop our properties or to borrow using the 
properties as collateral. In addition, environmental laws may create liens on contaminated sites in favor of the government for 
damages and costs it incurs to address such contamination. Moreover, if contamination is discovered on our properties, 
environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and 
these restrictions may require substantial expenditures. See “Part I—Business—Regulation.”

Some of our properties have been or may be impacted by contamination arising from current or prior uses of the 

property, or adjacent properties, for commercial or industrial purposes. Such contamination may arise from spills of petroleum 
or hazardous substances or releases from tanks used to store such materials. For example, some of the tenants of properties in 
our retail portfolio operate gas stations or other businesses that utilize storage tanks to store petroleum products, propane or 
wastes typically associated with automobile service or other operations conducted at the properties, and spills or leaks of 
hazardous materials from those storage tanks could expose us to liability. See “Part I—Business—Regulation—Environmental 
Matters.” In addition to the foregoing, while we obtained Phase I Environmental Site Assessments for each of the properties in 
our portfolio, the assessments are limited in scope and may have failed to identify all environmental conditions or concerns. For 
example, they do not generally include soil sampling, subsurface investigations or hazardous materials survey. Furthermore, we 
do not have current Phase I Environmental Site Assessment reports for all of the properties in our portfolio and, as such, may 
not be aware of all potential or existing environmental contamination liabilities at the properties in our portfolio. As a result, we 
could potentially incur material liability for these issues.

As the owner of the buildings on our properties, we could face liability for the presence of hazardous materials, such 
as asbestos or lead, or other adverse conditions, such as poor indoor air quality, in our buildings. Environmental laws govern 
the presence, maintenance, and removal of hazardous materials in buildings, and if we do not comply with such laws, we could 
face fines for such noncompliance. Also, we could be liable to third parties, such as occupants of the buildings, for damages 
related to exposure to hazardous materials or adverse conditions in our buildings, and we could incur material expenses with 
respect to abatement or remediation of hazardous materials or other adverse conditions in our buildings. In addition, some of 
our tenants routinely may handle and use hazardous or regulated substances and wastes as part of their operations at our 
properties, which are subject to regulation. Such environmental and health and safety laws and regulations could subject us or 
our tenants to liability resulting from these activities. Environmental liabilities could affect a tenant’s ability to make rental 
payments to us, and changes in laws could increase the potential liability for noncompliance. This may result in significant 
unanticipated expenditures or may otherwise materially and adversely affect our operations, or those of our tenants, which 
could in turn have an adverse effect on us. If we incur material environmental liabilities in the future, we may face significant 
remediation costs, and we may find it difficult to sell any affected properties.

Our properties may contain or develop harmful mold or suffer from other air quality issues, which could lead to liability for 
adverse health effects and costs of remediation.

When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if 

the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Some molds may produce airborne toxins 
or irritants. Indoor air quality issues can also stem from inadequate ventilation, chemical contamination from indoor or outdoor 
sources, and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses and bacteria. Indoor exposure to airborne toxins or irritants 
above certain levels can be alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, including allergic or other 
reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants at any of our properties could require us 
to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants from the affected 
property or increase indoor ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could 
expose us to liability from our tenants, employees of our tenants or others if property damage or personal injury is alleged to 
have occurred.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We may incur significant costs complying with various federal, state and local laws, regulations and covenants that are 
applicable to our properties.

Properties are subject to various covenants and federal, state and local laws and regulatory requirements, including 

permitting and licensing requirements. Local regulations, including municipal or local ordinances, zoning restrictions and 
restrictive covenants imposed by community developers may restrict our use of our properties and may require us to obtain 
approval from local officials or restrict our use of our properties and may require us to obtain approval from local officials of 
community standards organizations at any time with respect to our properties, including prior to developing or acquiring a 
property or when undertaking renovations of any of our existing properties. Among other things, these restrictions may relate to 
fire and safety, seismic or hazardous material abatement requirements. There can be no assurance that existing laws and 
regulatory policies will not adversely affect us or the timing or cost of any future development, acquisitions or renovations, or 
that additional regulations will not be adopted that increase such delays or result in additional costs. Our growth strategy may 
be affected by our ability to obtain permits, licenses and zoning relief.

In addition, federal and state laws and regulations, including laws such as the ADA and the Fair Housing Amendment 
Act of 1988 (“FHAA”), impose further restrictions on our properties and operations. Under the ADA and the FHAA, all public 
accommodations must meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. Some of our properties may 
currently be in non-compliance with the ADA or the FHAA. If one or more of the properties in our portfolio is not in 
compliance with the ADA, the FHAA or any other regulatory requirements, we may incur additional costs to bring the property 
into compliance, incur governmental fines or the award of damages to private litigants or be unable to refinance such 
properties. In addition, we do not know whether existing requirements will change or whether future requirements will require 
us to make significant unanticipated expenditures that will adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flow.

Risks Related to Our Organizational Structure

Daniel Hoffler and his affiliates own, directly or indirectly, a substantial beneficial interest in our company on a fully 
diluted basis and has the ability to exercise significant influence on our company and our Operating Partnership, including 
the approval of significant corporate transactions.

As of December 31, 2016, Daniel Hoffler, our Executive Chairman, owned approximately 9% and, collectively, 
Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad and Kirk owned approximately 15% of the combined outstanding shares of our common stock and OP 
Units of our Operating Partnership (which OP Units may be redeemable for shares of our common stock). Consequently, these 
individuals may be able to significantly influence the outcome of matters submitted for stockholder action, including the 
approval of significant corporate transactions, including business combinations, consolidations and mergers. 

Conflicts of interest may exist or could arise in the future between the interests of our stockholders and the interests of 
holders of units in our Operating Partnership, which may impede business decisions that could benefit our stockholders.

Conflicts of interest may exist or could arise in the future as a result of the relationships between us and our affiliates, 

on the one hand, and our Operating Partnership or any partner thereof, on the other. Our directors and officers have duties to 
our company under Maryland law in connection with their management of our company. At the same time, we, as the general 
partner of our Operating Partnership, have fiduciary duties and obligations to our Operating Partnership and its limited partners 
under Virginia law and the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership in connection with the management of our 
Operating Partnership. Our fiduciary duties and obligations as the general partner of our Operating Partnership may come into 
conflict with the duties of our directors and officers to our company. Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad and Kirk own a significant 
interest in our Operating Partnership as limited partners and may have conflicts of interest in making decisions that affect both 
our stockholders and the limited partners of our Operating Partnership.

Under Virginia law, a general partner of a Virginia limited partnership has fiduciary duties of loyalty and care to the 

partnership and its partners and must discharge its duties and exercise its rights as general partner under the partnership 
agreement or Virginia law consistently with the obligation of good faith and fair dealing. The partnership agreement provides 
that, in the event of a conflict between the interests of our Operating Partnership or any partner, on the one hand, and the 
separate interests of our company or our stockholders, on the other hand, we, in our capacity as the general partner of our 
Operating Partnership, are under no obligation not to give priority to the separate interests of our company or our stockholders, 
and that any action or failure to act on our part or on the part of our directors that gives priority to the separate interests of our 
company or our stockholders that does not result in a violation of the contract rights of the limited partners of the Operating 

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Partnership under its partnership agreement does not violate the duty of loyalty that we, in our capacity as the general partner of 
our Operating Partnership, owe to the Operating Partnership and its partners.

Additionally, the partnership agreement provides that we will not be liable to the Operating Partnership or any partner 

for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by the Operating Partnership or any 
limited partner, except for liability for our intentional harm or gross negligence. Our Operating Partnership must indemnify us, 
our directors and officers and our designees from and against any and all claims that relate to the operations of our Operating 
Partnership, unless: (i) an act or omission of the person was material to the matter giving rise to the action and either was 
committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) the person actually received an improper 
personal benefit in violation or breach of the partnership agreement or (iii) in the case of a criminal proceeding, the indemnified 
person had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. Our Operating Partnership must also pay or 
reimburse the reasonable expenses of any such person upon its receipt of a written affirmation of the person’s good faith belief 
that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification has been met and a written undertaking to repay any amounts paid or 
advanced if it is ultimately determined that the person did not meet the standard of conduct for indemnification. Our Operating 
Partnership will not indemnify or advance funds to any person with respect to any action initiated by the person seeking 
indemnification without our approval (except for any proceeding brought to enforce such person’s right to indemnification 
under the partnership agreement) or if the person is found to be liable to our Operating Partnership on any portion of any claim 
in the action.

We may be subject to unknown or contingent liabilities related to acquired properties and properties that we may acquire in 
the future, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

Properties that we have acquired, and properties that we may acquire in the future, may be subject to unknown or 

contingent liabilities for which we may have no recourse, or only limited recourse, against the sellers. In general, the 
representations and warranties provided under the transaction agreements related to the purchase of properties that we acquire 
may not survive the completion of the transactions. Furthermore, indemnification under such agreements may be limited and 
subject to various materiality thresholds, a significant deductible or an aggregate cap on losses. As a result, there is no 
guarantee that we will recover any amounts with respect to losses due to breaches by the sellers of their representations and 
warranties. In addition, the total amount of costs and expenses that may be incurred with respect to liabilities associated with 
these properties may exceed our expectations, and we may experience other unanticipated adverse effects, all of which may 
materially and adversely affect us.

Our charter contains certain provisions restricting the ownership and transfer of our stock that may delay, defer or prevent 
a change of control transaction that might involve a premium price for our common stock or that our stockholders 
otherwise believe to be in their best interests.

Our charter contains certain ownership limits with respect to our stock. Our charter, among other restrictions, prohibits 

the beneficial or constructive ownership by any person of more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more 
restrictive, of the outstanding shares of any class or series of our stock, excluding any shares that are not treated as outstanding 
for federal income tax purposes. Our board of directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, may exempt a person, prospectively 
or retroactively, from this ownership limit if certain conditions are satisfied. This ownership limit as well as other restrictions 
on ownership and transfer of our stock in our charter may: 

• 

• 

discourage a tender offer or other transactions or a change in management or of control that might involve a 
premium price for our common stock or that our stockholders otherwise believe to be in their best interests; and

result in the transfer of shares acquired in excess of the restrictions to a trust for the benefit of a charitable 
beneficiary and, as a result, the forfeiture by the acquirer of certain of the benefits of owning the additional 
shares.

We could increase the number of authorized shares of stock, classify and reclassify unissued stock and issue stock without 
stockholder approval.

Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, has the power under our charter to amend our charter to increase 

or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we are 
authorized to issue. In addition, under our charter, our board of directors, without stockholder approval, has the power to 
authorize us to issue authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock and to classify or reclassify any 
unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock into one or more classes or series of stock and set the preference, 
conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications or 

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
terms or conditions of redemption for such newly classified or reclassified shares. As a result, we may issue series or classes of 
common stock or preferred stock with preferences, dividends, powers and rights, voting or otherwise, that are senior to, or 
otherwise conflict with, the rights of holders of our common stock. Although our board of directors has no such intention at the 
present time, it could establish a class or series of preferred stock that could, depending on the terms of such series, delay, defer 
or prevent a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for our common stock or that our 
stockholders otherwise believe to be in their best interests.

Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit changes of control, which may discourage third parties from conducting a 
tender offer or seeking other change of control transactions that could involve a premium price for our common stock or 
that our stockholders otherwise believe to be in their best interests.

Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”), may have the effect of inhibiting a third 

party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change of control under circumstances that otherwise could 
provide the holders of shares of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market 
price of such shares, including: 

• 

• 

“business combination” provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between 
us and an “interested stockholder” (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the 
voting power of our outstanding voting shares or an affiliate or associate of ours who was the beneficial owner, 
directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of our then outstanding stock at any time within the 
two-year period immediately prior to the date in question) or an affiliate thereof for five years after the most 
recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, and thereafter imposes certain fair 
price and supermajority stockholder voting requirements on these combinations; and

“control share” provisions that provide that holders of “control shares” of our company (defined as shares of 
stock that, when aggregated with other shares of stock controlled by the stockholder, entitle the stockholder to 
exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share 
acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of issued and outstanding 
“control shares”) have no voting rights with respect to their control shares, except to the extent approved by our 
stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, 
excluding all interested shares.

By resolution of our board of directors, we have opted out of the business combination provisions of the MGCL and 
provided that any business combination between us and any other person is exempt from the business combination provisions 
of the MGCL, provided that the business combination is first approved by our board of directors (including a majority of 
directors who are not affiliates or associates of such persons). In addition, pursuant to a provision in our bylaws, we have opted 
out of the control share provisions of the MGCL. However, our board of directors may by resolution elect to opt in to the 
business combination provisions of the MGCL and we may, by amendment to our bylaws, opt in to the control share provisions 
of the MGCL in the future.

Certain provisions of the MGCL permit our board of directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is 

currently provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement certain corporate governance provisions, some of which (for 
example, a classified board) are not currently applicable to us. If implemented, these provisions may have the effect of limiting 
or precluding a third party from making an unsolicited acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring or preventing a 
change in control of us under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of shares of our common stock with the 
opportunity to realize a premium over the then current market price. Our charter contains a provision whereby we elect, at such 
time as we become eligible to do so, to be subject to the provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL relating to the filling of 
vacancies on our board of directors.

Certain provisions in the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership may delay or prevent unsolicited acquisitions 
of us.

Provisions in the partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership may delay, or make more difficult, unsolicited 
acquisitions of us or changes of our control. These provisions could discourage third parties from making proposals involving 
an unsolicited acquisition of us or change of our control, although some of our stockholders might consider such proposals, if 
made, desirable. These provisions include, among others: 

• 

redemption rights;

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

a requirement that we may not be removed as the general partner of our Operating Partnership without our 
consent;

transfer restrictions on OP Units;

our ability, as general partner, in some cases, to amend the partnership agreement and to cause the Operating 
Partnership to issue units with terms that could delay, defer or prevent a merger or other change of control of us 
or our Operating Partnership without the consent of the limited partners; and

the right of the limited partners to consent to direct or indirect transfers of the general partnership interest, 
including as a result of a merger or a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, in the event that such transfer 
requires approval by our common stockholders.

The limited partners in our Operating Partnership owned approximately 31.9% of the outstanding OP Units of our 

Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2016.  

Our tax protection agreements could limit our ability to sell or otherwise dispose of certain properties.

In connection with the formation transactions related to our initial public offering, our Operating Partnership entered 

into tax protection agreements that provide that if we dispose of any interest in the certain protected properties in a taxable 
transaction prior to the seventh (or, in a limited number of cases, the tenth) anniversary of the completion of the formation 
transactions, subject to certain exceptions, we will indemnify certain contributors, including Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad, Kirk and 
Apperson and their respective affiliates and certain of our other officers, for their tax liabilities attributable to the built-in gain 
that existed with respect to such property interests as of the time of our initial public offering, and the tax liabilities incurred as 
a result of such tax protection payment. In addition, in connection with certain acquisitions completed since our initial public 
offering, we entered into tax protection agreements that require us to indemnify the contributors for their tax liabilities in the 
event that we dispose of the properties subject to the tax protection agreements, and may enter into similar agreements in 
connection with future property acquisitions. Therefore, although it may be in our stockholders’ best interests that we sell one 
of these properties, it may be economically prohibitive or unattractive for us to do so because of these obligations. Moreover, as 
a result of these potential tax liabilities, Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad, Kirk and Apperson and certain of our other officers may have 
a conflict of interest with respect to our determination as to certain of our properties. 

Our tax protection agreements may require our Operating Partnership to maintain certain debt levels that otherwise would 
not be required to operate our business.

Under our tax protection agreements, our Operating Partnership has agreed to provide certain contributors of 

properties we have acquired, including Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad, Kirk, Nero and Apperson and their respective affiliates and 
certain of our other officers, the opportunity to guarantee debt or enter into deficit restoration obligations upon a future 
repayment, retirement, refinancing or other reduction (other than scheduled amortization) of currently outstanding debt. If we 
fail to make such opportunities available, we will be required to deliver to each such contributor a cash payment intended to 
approximate the contributor’s tax liability resulting from our failure to make such opportunities available to that contributor and 
the tax liabilities incurred as a result of such tax protection payment. We agreed to these provisions in order to assist our 
contributors in deferring the recognition of taxable gain as a result of the contribution of certain properties to us. These 
obligations may require us to maintain more or different indebtedness than we would otherwise require for our business.

We may pursue less vigorous enforcement of terms of certain agreements with members of our senior management and our 
affiliates because of our dependence on them and conflicts of interest.

Each of Messrs. Hoffler, Haddad and Kirk, our Executive Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive 
Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board, respectively, were parties to or had interests in contribution agreements with us 
pursuant to which we acquired interests in our properties and assets. In addition, we have entered into option agreements with 
certain of our officers and directors, or entities they control, with respect to certain parcels of developable land. We may choose 
not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights under these agreements because of our desire to maintain our ongoing 
relationships with members of our board of directors and our management, with possible negative impact on stockholders.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our board of directors may change our strategies, policies and procedures without stockholder approval and we may 
become more highly leveraged, which may increase our risk of default under our debt obligations.

Our investment, financing, leverage and distribution policies, and our policies with respect to all other activities, 

including growth, capitalization and operations, will be determined exclusively by our board of directors, and may be amended 
or revised at any time by our board of directors without notice to or a vote of our stockholders. This could result in us 
conducting operational matters, making investments or pursuing different business or growth strategies than those 
contemplated in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Further, our charter and bylaws do not limit the amount or percentage of 
indebtedness, funded or otherwise, that we may incur. Our board of directors may alter or eliminate our current policy on 
borrowing at any time without stockholder approval. If this policy changed, we could become more highly leveraged which 
could result in an increase in our debt service. Higher leverage also increases the risk of default on our obligations. In addition, 
a change in our investment policies, including the manner in which we allocate our resources across our portfolio or the types 
of assets in which we seek to invest, may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, real estate market fluctuations and liquidity 
risk. Changes to our policies with regards to the foregoing could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flow.

Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors and officers are limited.

Under Maryland law, generally, a director will not be liable if he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a 

manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like 
position would use under similar circumstances. In addition, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us 
and our stockholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from:

• 

• 

actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or

active and deliberate dishonesty by the director or officer that was established by a final judgment as being 
material to the cause of action adjudicated.

Our charter authorizes us to indemnify our directors and officers for actions taken by them in those capacities to the 
maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. Our bylaws require us to indemnify each director and officer, to the maximum 
extent permitted by Maryland law, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a 
party by reason of his or her service to us. In addition, we may be obligated to advance the defense costs incurred by our 
directors and officers. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors 
whereby we agreed to indemnify our directors and executive officers to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law against all 
expenses and liabilities incurred in their capacity as an officer or director, subject to limited exceptions. As a result, we and our 
stockholders may have more limited rights against our directors and officers than might otherwise exist absent the current 
provisions in our charter and bylaws or that might exist with other companies.

We are a holding company with no direct operations and, as such, we will rely on funds received from our Operating 
Partnership to pay liabilities, and the interests of our stockholders will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities and 
obligations of our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries.

We are a holding company and conduct substantially all of our operations through our Operating Partnership. We do 

not have, apart from an interest in our Operating Partnership, any independent operations. As a result, we rely on cash 
distributions from our Operating Partnership to pay any dividends we might declare on shares of our common stock. We also 
rely on distributions from our Operating Partnership to meet any of our obligations, including any tax liability on taxable 
income allocated to us from our Operating Partnership. In addition, because we are a holding company, your claims as a 
stockholder will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities and obligations (whether or not for borrowed 
money) of our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. Therefore, in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or 
reorganization, our assets and those of our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries will be available to satisfy the claims of 
our stockholders only after all of our and our Operating Partnership’s and its subsidiaries’ liabilities and obligations have been 
paid in full.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Operating Partnership may issue additional OP Units to third parties without the consent of our stockholders, which 
would reduce our ownership percentage in our Operating Partnership and could have a dilutive effect on the amount of 
distributions made to us by our Operating Partnership and, therefore, the amount of distributions we can make to our 
stockholders.

As of December 31, 2016, we owned 68.1% of the outstanding OP Units in our Operating Partnership. We regularly 

have issued OP Units to third parties as consideration for acquisitions, and in the future we may continue to do so in the future.  
Any such future issuances would reduce our ownership percentage in our Operating Partnership and could affect the amount of 
distributions made to us by our Operating Partnership and, therefore, the amount of distributions we can make to our 
stockholders. Because stockholders do not directly own OP Units, you do not have any voting rights with respect to any such 
issuances or other partnership level activities of our Operating Partnership.  

Risks Related to Our Status as a REIT

Failure to qualify as a REIT, or failure to remain qualified as a REIT, would cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation, 
which would substantially reduce funds available for distribution to our stockholders.

We have elected to be taxed and to operate in a manner that will allow us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax 

purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2013. We have not requested and do not plan to request a 
ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) that we qualify as a REIT. Therefore, we cannot be assured that we will 
qualify as a REIT, or that we will remain qualified as such in the future. If we fail to qualify as a REIT or otherwise lose our 
REIT status in any taxable year, we will face serious tax consequences that would substantially reduce the funds available for 
distribution to our stockholders for each of the years involved because: 

•  we would not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income and 

would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates;

•  we could be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax and possibly increased state and local taxes; and

• 

unless we are entitled to relief under certain U.S. federal income tax laws, we could not re-elect REIT status 
until the fifth calendar year after the year in which we failed to qualify as a REIT.

In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these 
factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely 
affect the value of our common stock.

Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flows.

Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our income 

and assets, including taxes on any undistributed income, tax on income from some activities conducted as a result of a 
foreclosure, and state or local income, property and transfer taxes. In addition, our TRS will be subject to regular corporate 
federal, state and local taxes. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

Failure to make required distributions would subject us to U.S. federal corporate income tax.

We intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In order 

to qualify as a REIT, we generally are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without 
regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year to our stockholders. To the extent that we 
satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. 
federal corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise 
tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under 
the Code.

Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise 
attractive investments.

To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other 

things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the ownership of our capital stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego investments we might otherwise 
make. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our performance.

In particular, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of 

cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets. The remainder of our investment in securities (other 
than government securities, securities of TRSs and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the 
outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one 
issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities, securities of TRSs 
and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% (20% for taxable years 
beginning after December 31, 2017) of the value of our total assets can be represented by the securities of one or more TRSs. If 
we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after 
the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and 
suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments. These actions 
could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders. 

The prohibited transactions tax may limit our ability to dispose of our properties.

A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are 

sales or other dispositions of property other than foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary 
course of business. We may be subject to the prohibited transaction tax equal to 100% of the net gain upon a disposition of real 
property. Although a safe harbor to the characterization of the sale of real property by a REIT as a prohibited transaction is 
available, we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe harbor or that we will avoid owning property that may be 
characterized as held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we may choose not to 
engage in certain sales of our properties or may conduct such sales through our TRS, which would be subject to federal and 
state income taxation.

We may pay taxable dividends in shares of our common stock and cash, in which case stockholders may sell shares of our 
common stock to pay tax on such dividends, placing downward pressure on the market price of our common stock.

We may distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and common stock at the election of each stockholder. 
The IRS has issued private letter rulings to other REITs treating certain distributions that are paid partly in cash and partly in 
stock as taxable dividends that would satisfy the REIT annual distribution requirement and qualify for the dividends paid 
deduction for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Those rulings may be relied upon only by taxpayers to whom they were issued, 
but we could request a similar ruling from the IRS. In addition, the IRS previously issued a revenue procedure authorizing 
publicly traded REITs to make elective cash/stock dividends, but that revenue procedure does not apply to our 2013 and future 
taxable years. Accordingly, it is unclear whether and to what extent we will be able to make taxable dividends payable in cash 
and common stock.

If we made a taxable dividend payable in cash and common stock, taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will 
be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings 
and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, stockholders may be required to pay income tax 
with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the common stock that it 
receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect 
to the dividend, depending on the market price of our common stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to certain 
non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax with respect to such dividends, including in 
respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in common stock. If we made a taxable dividend payable in cash and 
our common stock and a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay 
taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock. We do not currently intend 
to pay taxable dividends of our common stock and cash, although we may choose to do so in the future.

The ability of our board of directors to revoke our REIT qualification without stockholder approval may cause adverse 
consequences to our stockholders.

Our charter provides that our board of directors may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the 
approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we 
cease to qualify as a REIT, we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income and would no longer be 
required to distribute most of our taxable income to our stockholders, which may have adverse consequences on our total return 
to our stockholders.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our ownership of our TRS will be subject to limitations and our transactions with our TRS will cause us to be subject to a 
100% penalty tax on certain income or deductions if those transactions are not conducted on arm’s-length terms.

Overall, no more than 25% (20% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017) of the value of a REIT’s assets 

may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRS. In addition, the Code limits the deductibility of interest paid or accrued 
by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The Code also 
imposes a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-
length basis. Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our respective investments in our TRS for the purpose of ensuring 
compliance with TRS ownership limitations and will structure our transactions with our TRS on terms that we believe are arm’s 
length to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to 
comply with the 25% (20% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017) REIT subsidiaries limitation or to avoid 
application of the 100% excise tax. 

You may be restricted from acquiring or transferring certain amounts of our common stock.

The restrictions on ownership and transfer in our charter may inhibit market activity in our capital stock and restrict 

our business combination opportunities.

In order to qualify as a REIT for each taxable year after 2013, five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code, may 
not own, beneficially or constructively, more than 50% in value of our issued and outstanding stock at any time during the last 
half of a taxable year. Attribution rules in the Code determine if any individual or entity beneficially or constructively owns our 
capital stock under this requirement. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our capital stock during at least 
335 days of a taxable year for each taxable year after 2013. To help insure that we meet these tests, our charter restricts the 
acquisition and ownership of shares of our capital stock.

Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary to preserve our 

qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board of directors, our charter prohibits any person from beneficially or 
constructively owning more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of 
any class or series of our capital stock. Our board of directors may not grant an exemption from this restriction to any proposed 
transferee whose ownership in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares would result in our failing to qualify as a 
REIT. This restriction  as well as other restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply, however, if our board of 
directors determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify as a REIT.

Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends.

The maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders that are taxed at 

individual rates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates on qualified 
dividend income. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who taxed 
at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT 
corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.

Changes to the U.S. federal income tax laws, including the enactment of certain proposed tax reform measures, could have 
an adverse impact on our business and financial results.

Numerous changes to the U.S. federal income tax laws are proposed regularly.  Moreover, legislative and regulatory 
changes may be more likely in the 115th Congress because the Presidency and such Congress will be controlled by the same 
political party and significant reform of the Code has been described publicly as a legislative priority.  Additionally, the REIT 
rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury 
Department, which may result in revisions to regulations and interpretations in addition to statutory changes.  If enacted, certain 
such changes could have an adverse impact on our business and financial results.  For example, certain proposals set forth in 
Trump administration and House Republican tax plans could reduce the relative competitive advantage of operating as a REIT 
unless accompanied by responsive changes to the REIT rules.  These proposals include: the lowering of income tax rates on 
individuals and corporations, which could ease the burden of double taxation on corporate dividends and make the single level 
of taxation on REIT distributions relatively less attractive; allowing the expensing of capital expenditures, which could have a 
similar impact and also could result in the bunching of taxable income and required distributions for REITs; and further 
limiting or eliminating the deductibility of interest expense, which could disrupt the real estate market and could increase the 
amount of REIT taxable income that must be distributed as dividends to shareholders.  

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We cannot predict whether, when or to what extent new U.S. federal tax laws, regulations, interpretations or rulings 

will be issued, nor is the long-term impact of proposed tax reforms on the real estate investment industry or REITs clear.  
Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of potential changes to the U.S. federal tax 
laws on an investment in our shares.

The period during which a REIT is subject to tax in respect of built-in gains recognized on property acquired form a C 
corporation is currently uncertain.  

On June 7, 2016, the U.S. Treasury Department issued temporary Regulations which temporarily extended the period 

during which a REIT is subject to tax in respect of built-in gains recognized on property acquired from a C corporation from 
five years to ten years.  This extension only applied to assets with built-in gains acquired on or after August 8, 2016 and was set 
to expire on June 7, 2019.  On January 18, 2017, the U.S. Treasury Department issued final Regulations to shorten the ten-year 
period back to a five-year period for assets with built-in gains acquired on or after February 17, 2017, and to permit taxpayers 
to apply the five-year period for assets with built-in gains acquired on or after August 8, 2016 and on or before February 17, 
2017.  Pursuant to these final Regulations, if we acquire any asset from a C corporation, or a corporation that generally is 
subject to full corporate level tax, in a merger or other transaction in which we acquire a basis in the asset that is determined by 
reference either to the C corporation’s basis in the asset or to another asset, we will pay tax at the highest U.S. federal corporate 
income tax rate applicable if we recognize gain on the sale or disposition of the asset during the five-year period after we 
acquire the asset.  However, on January 20, 2017, White House Chief of Staff Reince Preibus issued a Memorandum for the 
Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies (the “Regulatory Freeze Memorandum”), effective January 18, 2017, ordering 
agencies to temporarily postpone for 60 days the effective date of certain regulations; the effect of the Regulatory Freeze 
Memorandum, if any, on the final Regulations described above remains unclear.    

If our Operating Partnership failed to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, we would cease to qualify as 
a REIT and suffer other adverse consequences.

We believe that our Operating Partnership will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a 

partnership, our Operating Partnership will not be subject to federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of its partners, 
including us, will be allocated, and may be required to pay tax with respect to, its share of our Operating Partnership’s income. 
We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS will not challenge the status of our Operating Partnership or any other subsidiary 
partnership in which we own an interest as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such 
a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating our Operating Partnership or any such other subsidiary partnership as an 
entity taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would fail to meet the gross income tests and certain of the 
asset tests applicable to REITs and, accordingly, we would likely cease to qualify as a REIT. Also, the failure of our Operating 
Partnership or any subsidiary partnerships to qualify as a partnership could cause it to become subject to federal and state 
corporate income tax, which would reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its 
partners, including us.

To maintain our REIT status, we may be forced to borrow funds during unfavorable market conditions, and the 
unavailability of such capital on favorable terms at the desired times, or at all, may cause us to curtail our investment 
activities or dispose of assets at inopportune times or on unfavorable terms, which could materially adversely affect our 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income each 
year, excluding net capital gains, and we will be subject to regular corporate income taxes to the extent that we distribute less 
than 100% of our REIT taxable income each year. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the 
amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 
95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. In order to maintain our REIT 
status and avoid the payment of income and excise taxes, we may need to borrow funds to meet the REIT distribution 
requirements even if the then prevailing market conditions are not favorable for these borrowings. These borrowing needs 
could result from, among other things, differences in timing between the actual receipt of cash and inclusion of income for 
federal income tax purposes, or the effect of non-deductible capital expenditures, the creation of reserves or required principal 
or amortization payments. These sources, however, may not be available on favorable terms or at all. Our access to third-party 
sources of capital depends on a number of factors, including the market’s perception of our growth potential, our current debt 
levels, the market price of our common stock, and our current and potential future earnings. We cannot assure you that we will 
have access to such capital on favorable terms at the desired times, or at all, which may cause us to curtail our investment 
activities or dispose of assets at inopportune times or on unfavorable terms, which could materially adversely affect our 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Our Common Stock

We may be unable to make distributions at expected levels, which could result in a decrease in the market price of our 
common stock.

We intend to continue to pay regular quarterly distributions to our stockholders. All distributions will be made at the 

discretion of our board of directors and will be based upon, among other factors, our historical and projected results of 
operations, financial condition, cash flows and liquidity, maintenance of our REIT qualification and other tax considerations, 
capital expenditure and other expense obligations, debt covenants, contractual prohibitions or other limitations and applicable 
law and such other matters as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time. If sufficient cash is not available for 
distribution from our operations, we may have to fund distributions from working capital, borrow to provide funds for such 
distributions, or reduce the amount of such distributions. To the extent we borrow to fund distributions, our future interest costs 
would increase, thereby reducing our earnings and cash available for distribution from what they otherwise would have been. If 
cash available for distribution generated by our assets is less than our current estimate, or if such cash available for distribution 
decreases in future periods from expected levels, our inability to make the expected distributions could result in a decrease in 
the market price of our common stock.

Our ability to make distributions may also be limited by our credit facility. Under the terms of the credit facility, our 

ability to make distributions during any twelve-month period is limited to the greater of (1) 95% of our adjusted funds from 
operations (as defined in the credit agreement) or (2) the amount required for us to (a) maintain our REIT status and (b) avoid 
the payment of federal or state income or excise tax. In addition, if a default or events of default exist or would result from a 
distribution, we are precluded from making certain distributions other than those required to allow us to maintain our status as a 
REIT.

As a result of the foregoing, we may not be able to make distributions in the future, and our inability to make 

distributions, or to make distributions at expected levels, could result in a decrease in the market price of our common stock.

The market price and trading volume of our common stock may be volatile and could decline substantially in the future.

The market price of our common stock may be volatile in the future. In addition, the trading volume in our common 
stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. We cannot assure stockholders that the market price of our 
common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future, including as a result of factors unrelated to our operating 
performance or prospects in 2017 compared to 2016. In particular, the market price of our common stock could be subject to 
wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including, among others, the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results or dividends;

changes in our FFO or earnings estimates;

publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry;

increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our shares to demand a higher yield;

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

adverse market reaction to any additional debt we incur in the future;

additions or departures of key management personnel;

actions by institutional stockholders;

speculation in the press or investment community;

the realization of any of the other risk factors presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

the extent of investor interest in our securities;

the general reputation of REITs and the attractiveness of our equity securities in comparison to other equity 
securities, including securities issued by other real estate-based companies;

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

changes in the federal government, particularly with respect to the new political administration;

our underlying asset value;

investor confidence in the stock and bond markets generally;

changes in tax laws;

future equity issuances;

failure to meet earnings estimates;

failure to meet and maintain REIT qualifications;

changes in our credit ratings; and

general market and economic conditions.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility 

in the price of their common stock. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s 
attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on us, including our financial condition, results of 
operations, cash flow and the per share trading price of our common stock.

Increases in market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the trading prices of our common stock as prospective 
purchasers of our common stock may expect a higher dividend yield and as an increased cost of borrowing may decrease 
our funds available for distribution.

One of the factors that will influence the trading prices of our common stock will be the dividend yield on the 

common stock (as a percentage of the price of our common stock) relative to market interest rates. An increase in market 
interest rates, which are currently at low levels relative to historical rates, may lead prospective purchasers of our common 
stock to expect a higher dividend yield (with a resulting decline in the trading prices of our common stock) and higher interest 
rates would likely increase our borrowing costs and potentially decrease funds available for distribution. Thus, higher market 
interest rates could cause the market price of our common stock to decrease.

The number of shares of our common stock available for future issuance or sale could materially adversely affect the per 
share trading price of our common stock.

As of February 28, 2017, there were 37,588,278 shares of our common stock outstanding. In addition, as of 
February 28, 2017, there were 17,858,610 OP Units in our Operating Partnership outstanding, of which 16,583,610 OP Units 
are currently redeemable at the option of the holders, 1,000,000 OP Units will become redeemable by the holders on July 10, 
2017 and 275,000 OP Units will become redeemable by the holders on January 10, 2018, in each case, for cash, or at our 
option, for shares of our common stock, on a one-for-one basis. We have an effective resale shelf registration statement 
pursuant to which we may issue freely tradeable shares of our common stock upon redemption of such OP Units.  Accordingly, 
a substantial number of shares of our common stock could be issued in the future pursuant to such resale shelf registration 
statement.  In addition, we have an effective shelf registration statement covering the possible resale, from time to time, of up 
to 2,000,000 shares of our common stock that were issued in connection with our acquisition of a stabilized retail asset on 
October 13, 2016.  The sale of such shares, or the perception that such sale may occur, could materially and adversely affect the 
per share trading price of our common stock.  In addition, as of the date hereof, 218,050 shares of our common stock and other 
equity-based awards were available for issuance in the future under our 2013 Equity Incentive Plan.

We cannot predict whether future issuances or sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares for 

resale in the open market will decrease the per share trading price per share of our common stock. The per share trading price 
of our common stock may decline significantly when we register the shares of our common stock issuable upon redemption of 
outstanding OP Units.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The issuance of substantial numbers of shares of equity securities, including OP Units, or the perception that such 
issuances might occur could materially adversely affect us, including the per share trading price of shares of our common 
stock.

The redemption of OP Units for common stock, the vesting of any restricted stock granted to certain directors, 
executive officers and other employees under our 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, the issuance of our common stock or OP Units in 
connection with future property, portfolio or business acquisitions and other issuances of our common stock could have an 
adverse effect on the per share trading price of our common stock, and the existence of units, options or shares of our common 
stock issuable under our 2013 Equity Incentive Plan or upon redemption of OP Units may adversely affect the terms upon 
which we may be able to obtain additional capital through the sale of equity securities. In addition, future issuances of shares of 
our common stock or OP Units may be dilutive to existing stockholders.

Future offerings of debt, which would be senior to our common stock upon liquidation, and preferred equity securities, 
which may be senior to our common stock for purposes of dividend distributions or upon liquidation, may materially 
adversely affect us, including the per share trading price of our common stock.

In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources by making additional offerings of debt or equity 

securities (or causing our Operating Partnership to issue debt securities), including medium-term notes, senior or subordinated 
notes and classes or series of preferred stock. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and shares of preferred stock and 
lenders with respect to other borrowings will be entitled to receive our available assets prior to distribution to the holders of our 
common stock. Additionally, any convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences 
and privileges more favorable than those of our common stock and may result in dilution to owners of our common stock. 
Holders of our common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights or other protections against dilution. Our preferred stock, if 
issued, could have a preference on liquidating distributions or a preference on dividend payments that could limit our ability 
pay dividends to the holders of our common stock. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend 
on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our 
future offerings. Thus, our stockholders bear the risk that our future offerings could reduce the per share trading price of our 
common stock and dilute their interest in us.

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments.  

None.

Item 2. 

Properties.  

The information set forth under the captions “Our Properties” and “Development Pipeline” in Item 1 of this Annual 

Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 3.  

Legal Proceedings.  

The nature of our business exposes our properties, us and the Operating Partnership to the risk of claims and litigation 

in the normal course of business. Other than routine litigation arising out of the ordinary course of business, we are not 
presently subject to any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us.

Item 4.  

Mine Safety Disclosures.  

Not Applicable.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II  

Item 5. 

Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities.

Market Information

Our common stock trades on the NYSE under the symbol “AHH.” Below is a summary of the high and low prices of 

our common stock for each quarterly period in the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the cash distributions per 
share declared by us with respect to each period.  

2016
January 1, 2016—March 31, 2016

April 1, 2016—June 30, 2016

July 1, 2016—September 30, 2016

October 1, 2016—December 31, 2016

2015
January 1, 2015—March 31, 2015

April 1, 2015—June 30, 2015

July 1, 2015—September 30, 2015

October 1, 2015—December 31, 2015

High

Low

$

11.50

$

9.76

$

13.84

15.50

14.98

11.15

12.67

12.52

Distributions

Declared

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

High

Low

$

11.12

$

10.83

10.63

11.60

Distributions

Declared

$

9.44

9.99

9.50

9.62

0.17

0.17

0.17

0.17

On December 31, 2016 and February 28, 2017, the closing price of our common stock as reported on the NYSE was 

$14.57 and $13.95, respectively. 

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Performance Graph

The following graph sets forth the cumulative total stockholder return (assuming reinvestment of dividends) to our 
stockholders during the period May 8, 2013, the date our common stock began trading on the NYSE, through December 31, 
2016, as well as the corresponding returns on an overall stock market index (Russell 2000 Index) and a peer group index 
(MSCI US REIT Index). The stock performance graph assumes that $100 was invested on May 8, 2013. Historical total 
stockholder return is not necessarily indicative of future results. The information in this paragraph and the following graph shall 
not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, other than as 
provided in Item 201 of Regulation S-K, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, except to the extent we 
specifically request that such information be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporate it by reference into a filing 
under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. 

Distribution Information

Since our initial quarter as a publicly-traded REIT, we have made regular quarterly distributions to our stockholders. 
We intend to continue to declare quarterly distributions. However, we cannot provide any assurance as to the amount or timing 
of future distributions. For a description of restrictions on our ability to make distributions, see “Item 7—Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Credit Facility,” 
and Note 8, “Indebtedness” to our accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Any future distributions will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors, and their form, timing and amount, if 

any, will depend upon a number of factors, including our actual and projected financial condition, liquidity, EBITDA, FFO and 
results of operations, the revenue we actually receive from our properties, our operating expenses, our debt service 
requirements, our capital expenditures, prohibitions and other limitations under our financing arrangements, as described 
above, our REIT taxable income, the annual REIT distribution requirements, applicable law and such other factors as our board 
of directors deems relevant. To the extent that our cash available for distribution is less than 90% of our REIT taxable income, 
we may consider various means to cover any such shortfall, including borrowing under our credit facility or other loans, selling 
certain of our assets or using a portion of the net proceeds we receive from offerings of equity, equity-related or debt securities 
or declaring taxable share dividends.

To the extent that we make distributions in excess of our earnings and profits, as computed for federal income tax 

purposes, these distributions will represent a return of capital, rather than a dividend, for federal income tax purposes. 

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributions that are treated as a return of capital for federal income tax purposes will reduce the stockholder’s basis in its 
shares (but not below zero) and therefore can result in the stockholder having a higher gain upon a subsequent sale of such 
shares. Return of capital distributions in excess of a stockholder’s basis generally will be treated as gain from the sale of such 
shares for federal income tax purposes.

Stockholder Information

As of February 28, 2017, there were approximately 103 holders of record of our common stock. However, because 
many shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we believe there are 
substantially more beneficial holders of our common stock than record holders. As of February 28, 2017, there were 89 holders 
(other than our company) of our OP units. Our OP units are redeemable for cash or, at our election, for shares of our common 
stock.  

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, certain of our employees surrendered shares of common stock 
owned by them to satisfy their minimum statutory federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted 
shares of common stock issued under our 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. The following table summarizes all of these repurchases 
during the three months ended December 31, 2016.  

Total Number of

Shares Purchased

Maximum Number of

as Part of Publicly

Shares that May Yet be

Period

Shares Purchased(1)

Paid for Shares(1)

or Programs

Plans or Programs

Total Number of

Average Price

Announced Plans

Purchased Under the

October 1, 2016 through October 31, 2016

November 1, 2016 through November 30, 2016

December 1, 2016 through December 31, 2016

Total

________________________________________

— $

98

—

98

—

13.10

—

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

(1)  The number of shares purchased represents shares of common stock surrendered by certain of our employees to satisfy 

their statutory minimum federal and state tax obligations associated with the vesting of restricted shares of common stock 
issued under the 2013 Plan. With respect to these shares, the price paid per share is based on the fair value at the time of 
surrender.

Item 6. 

Selected Financial Data.  

The following selected historical consolidated and combined financial information should be read in conjunction with 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the historical consolidated and 
combined financial statements as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and for the three years ended December 31, 2016 and the 
related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We completed our initial public offering on May 13, 2013. Due to the timing of the initial public offering, we present 
herein certain consolidated and combined historical financial data for us and our predecessor. Our predecessor was not a legal 
entity, but rather a combination of certain real estate and construction entities. The historical combined financial data for our 
predecessor is not necessarily indicative of our results of operations, cash flows or financial position following the completion 
of the initial public offering.

The selected historical consolidated and combined financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 
2016, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012 has been derived from our audited historical financial statements. Due to the timing of the 
initial public offering, the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 reflect only the financial condition and 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
results of operations of our predecessor. The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 reflect the financial 
condition and results of operations of our predecessor together with our company. 

Operating Data:

Rental revenues

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

($ in thousands, except per share data)

$

99,355

$

81,172

$

64,746

$

57,520

$

54,436

General contracting and real estate services revenues

159,030

171,268

103,321

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

21,904

9,629

19,204

7,782

General contracting and real estate services expenses

153,375

165,344

Depreciation and amortization

Interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Gain on real estate dispositions and acquisitions
Income from continuing operations

Results from discontinued operations

Net income

Net income attributable to stockholders

Net income per share—basic and diluted

Cash dividends declared per share

Balance Sheet Data:

Real estate investments, at cost

Accumulated depreciation

Net real estate investments

Real estate investments held for sale

Cash and cash equivalents

Notes receivable

Construction assets

Total assets

Indebtedness, net

Construction liabilities

Total liabilities

Total equity

Other Data:

Funds from operations(1)

Normalized funds from operations(2)
Cash provided by operating activities

Cash used for investing activities

Cash provided by (used for) financing activities

________________________________________

54,046

12,682

4,865

50,103

12,909
(16,561)
—

—
8,907
(10)
8,897

82,516

14,025

5,124

78,813

14,898
(12,303)
(2,387)
9,460
14,453

—

$

$

$

$

14,453

$

7,336

0.39

0.40

16,667

5,743

98,754

17,569
(10,648)
—

2,211
12,759

—

12,759

7,691

0.36

0.64

35,328
(16,466)
(82)
30,533
42,755

—

42,755

28,074

0.85

0.72

$

$

$

$

23,153
(13,333)
(512)
18,394
31,183

—

31,183

19,642

0.75

0.68

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$ 908,287
(139,553)
768,734

$ 633,591
(125,380)
508,211

$ 595,000
(116,099)
478,901

$ 462,976
(105,228)
357,748

$ 354,740
(92,454)
262,286

—

21,942

59,546

39,543

40,232

26,989

7,825

36,623

$ 982,468

$ 689,547

522,180

61,297

633,490

348,978

377,593

54,291

463,827

225,720

8,538

25,883

—

19,704

588,022

356,345

43,452

426,116

161,906

—

18,882

—

13,811

432,210

274,673

29,680

326,689

105,521

—

9,400

—

11,696

329,862

333,130

21,605

371,203
(41,341)

$

$

47,980
50,921

35,942
38,659

$

28,117
28,594

$

$

19,806
22,812

21,886
—

59,770
(226,461)
161,644

33,086
(56,381)
24,401

31,362
(105,306)
80,945

22,175
(47,947)
35,254

22,326
(4,702)
(21,673)

(1)  We calculate funds from operations (“FFO”) in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of 

Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT. FFO represents net income (loss) (computed in accordance with U.S. generally 
accepted accounting principles, or GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of depreciable operating property, real 
estate related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs) and after adjustments for 
unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. FFO is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure. Management uses 
FFO as a supplemental performance measure because it believes that FFO is beneficial to investors as a starting point in 

48

 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
measuring our operational performance. Specifically, in excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization and 
gains and losses from property dispositions, which do not relate to or are not indicative of operating performance, FFO 
provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, captures trends in occupancy rates, rental rates and 
operating costs. We also believe that, as a widely recognized measure of the performance of REITs, FFO will be used by 
investors as a basis to compare our operating performance with that of other REITs. However, because FFO excludes real 
estate related depreciation and amortization and captures neither the changes in the value of our properties that result from 
use or market conditions nor the level of capital expenditures and leasing commissions necessary to maintain the operating 
performance of our properties, all of which have real economic effects and could materially impact our results from 
operations, the utility of FFO as a measure of our performance is limited. In addition, other equity REITs may not calculate 
FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition as we do, and, accordingly, our FFO may not be comparable to such other 
REITs’ FFO. Accordingly, FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income as a measure of our performance. 
FFO should not be used as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, 
including our ability to pay dividends or service indebtedness. FFO also should not be used as a supplement to or substitute 
for cash flow from operating activities computed in accordance with GAAP. The following table sets forth a reconciliation 
of our FFO to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP equivalent, for the periods presented:

Net income

Depreciation and amortization

Gain loss on real estate dispositions and acquisitions

Real estate joint ventures, net

Funds from operations

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

($ in thousands)

$

42,755

$

31,183

$

12,759

$

14,453

$

8,897

35,328
(30,103)
—

23,153
(18,394)
—

17,569
(2,211)
—

$

47,980

$

35,942

$

28,117

$

14,898
(9,460)
(85)
19,806

12,909

—

80

$

21,886

(2)  Please see calculation of Normalized FFO in "Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis-Liquidity and Capital 
Resources."  This data is not available for the year ended December 31, 2012.

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

References to “we,” “our,” “us,” and “our company” refer to Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, 
together with our consolidated subsidiaries, including Armada Hoffler, L.P., a Virginia limited partnership, of which we are the 
sole general partner and to which we refer in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as our Operating Partnership.

Business Description

We are a full service real estate company with extensive experience developing, building, owning and managing high-

quality, institutional-grade office, retail and multifamily properties in attractive markets throughout the Mid-Atlantic and 
Southeastern United States.  As of December 31, 2016, our operating property portfolio was comprised of  37 retail properties, 
six office properties and five multifamily properties.  In addition to our operating property portfolio, we had two retail 
properties, two office properties, two one multifamily properties and one mixed-use property in various states of development 
and stabilization as of December 31, 2016.

 As of December 31, 2016, we owned 100% of the interests in all of the properties in our operating property portfolio. 

Substantially all of our assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted through, our Operating Partnership. We are 
the sole general partner of our Operating Partnership and, as of December 31, 2016, we owned, through a combination of direct 
and indirect interests, 68.1% of the outstanding OP units in our operating partnership.

We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ended 

December 31, 2013.

Our principal executive office is located at 222 Central Park Avenue, Suite 2100, Virginia Beach, Virginia 23462 in the 
Armada Hoffler Tower at the Virginia Beach Town Center. In addition, we have construction offices located at 249 Central Park 
Avenue, Suite 300, Virginia Beach, Virginia 23462 and 1300 Thames Street, Suite 30, Baltimore, Maryland 21231. The 
telephone number for our principal executive office is (757) 366-4000. We maintain a website at www.armadahoffler.com. The 
information on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated into and does not constitute a part of this report.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated 

financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires 
us to exercise our best judgment in making estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and 
expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the 
circumstances. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, based upon current available information. Actual results could 
differ from these estimates.

We believe the following accounting policies and estimates are the most critical to understanding our reported 

financial results as their effect on our financial condition and results of operations is material.

Revenue Recognition

Rental Revenues

We lease our properties under operating leases and recognize base rents on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We 

also recognize revenue from tenant recoveries, through which tenants reimburse us for expenses paid by us such as utilities, 
janitorial, repairs and maintenance, security and alarm, parking lot and grounds, general and administrative, management fees, 
insurance and real estate taxes, on an accrual basis. Our rental revenues are reduced by the amount of any leasing incentives on 
a straight-line basis over the term of the applicable lease. We include a renewal period in the lease term only if it appears at 
lease inception that the renewal is reasonably assured. We begin recognizing rental revenue when the tenant has the right to 
take possession of or controls the physical use of the property under lease. We maintain control of the physical use of the 
property under lease if we serve as the general contractor for the tenant.

Rental revenue is recognized subject to management’s evaluation of tenant credit risk. The extended collection period 
for accrued straight-line rental revenue along with our evaluation of tenant credit risk may result in the non-recognition of all or 
a portion of straight-line rental revenue until the collection of such revenue is reasonably assured.

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Revenues

We recognize revenue on construction contracts using the percentage-of-completion method. Using this method, we 
recognize revenue and an estimated profit as construction contract costs are incurred based on the proportion of incurred costs 
to total estimated costs under the contract. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized 
immediately in the period in which such losses are determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions, and estimated 
profitability, including those arising from contract penalty provisions and final contract settlements, may result in revisions to 
costs and income and are recognized in the period in which they are determined. We include profit incentives in revenues when 
their realization is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. General contracting and real estate services revenue is 
recognized subject to management’s evaluation of customer credit risk.

Operating Property Acquisitions

In connection with operating property acquisitions, we identify and recognize all assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The purchase price allocations to tangible assets, such as land, 
site improvements and buildings and improvements are presented within income producing property in the consolidated 
balance sheets and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Acquired lease intangibles are presented within other assets 
and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and amortized over their respective lease terms. The Company amortizes in-
place lease assets as depreciation and amortization expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the related 
leases. We amortize above-market lease assets as reductions to rental revenues on a straight-line basis over the remaining term 
of the related leases. We amortize below-market lease liabilities as increases to rental revenues on a straight-line basis over the 
remaining term of the related leases. We amortize below-market ground lease assets as increases to rental expenses on a 
straight-line basis over the remaining term of the related leases. Prior to October 1, 2016, we expensed all costs incurred related 
to operating property acquisitions. On October 1, 2016, we adopted newly issued accounting guidance that allows capitalization 
of costs related to operating property acquisitions.

We value land based on a market approach, looking to recent sales of similar properties, adjusting for differences due 

to location, the state of entitlement as well as the shape and size of the parcel. Improvements to land are valued using a 
replacement cost approach. The approach applies industry standard replacement costs adjusted for geographic specific 
considerations and reduced by estimated depreciation. The value of buildings acquired is estimated using the replacement cost 
50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
approach, assuming the buildings were vacant at acquisition. The replacement cost approach considers the composition of the 
structures acquired, adjusted for an estimate of depreciation. The estimate of depreciation is made considering industry standard 
information and depreciation curves for the identified asset classes. The value of acquired lease intangibles considers the 
estimated cost of leasing the properties as if the acquired buildings were vacant, as well as the value of the current leases 
relative to market-rate leases. The in-place lease value is determined using an estimated total lease-up time and lost rental 
revenues during such time. The value of current leases relative to market-rate leases is based on market rents obtained for 
market comparables. Given the significance of unobservable inputs used in the valuation of acquired real estate assets, we 
classify them as Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.

We value debt assumed in connection with operating property acquisitions based on a discounted cash flow analysis of 
the expected cash flows of the debt. Such analysis considers the contractual terms of the debt, including the period to maturity, 
and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate information as of the acquisition date. We also consider credit 
valuation adjustments for potential nonperformance risk. We classify the inputs used to value debt assumed in connection with 
operating property acquisitions as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy as they are predominantly observable and market-
based.

Real Estate Project Costs

We capitalize direct and certain indirect costs clearly associated with the development, redevelopment, construction, 

leasing or expansion of our real estate assets. Capitalized project costs include direct material, labor, subcontract costs, real 
estate taxes, insurance, utilities, ground rent, interest on borrowing obligations and salaries and related personnel costs.

We capitalize direct and indirect project costs associated with the initial construction or redevelopment of a property 
up to the time the property is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. We believe the completion of the building 
shell is the proper basis for determining substantial completion of initial construction.

We also capitalize direct and indirect costs, including interest costs, on vacant space during extended lease-up periods 

after construction of the building shell has been completed if costs are being incurred to prepare the vacant space for its 
intended use. If costs and activities incurred to prepare the vacant space for its intended use cease, then cost capitalization is 
also discontinued until such activities are resumed. Once necessary work has been completed on a vacant space, project costs 
are no longer capitalized. In addition, all leasing commissions paid to third parties for new leases or lease renewals are 
capitalized.

We depreciate buildings on a straight-line basis over 39 years and tenant improvements over the shorter of their 

estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease.

Real Estate Impairment

We evaluate our real estate assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their 

carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If such an evaluation is necessary, we compare the carrying amount of any such real 
estate asset with the undiscounted expected future cash flows that are directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as 
a direct result of, its use and eventual disposition. Our estimate of the expected future cash flows attributable to a real estate 
asset is based upon, among other things, our estimates regarding future market conditions, rental rates, occupancy levels, tenant 
improvements, leasing commissions, tenant concessions and assumptions regarding the residual value of our properties. If the 
carrying amount of a real estate asset exceeds its associated undiscounted expected future cash flows, we recognize an 
impairment loss to reduce the carrying amount of the real estate asset to its fair value based on marketplace participant 
assumptions.

Adoption of New or Revised Accounting Standards

As an emerging growth company under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, we can elect to adopt new or revised 

accounting standards as they are effective for private companies. However, we have elected to opt out of such extended 
transition period. Therefore, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards as they are effective for public companies. This 
election is irrevocable.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment Results of Operations

As of December 31, 2016, we operated our business in four segments: (i) office real estate, (ii) retail real estate, 
(iii) multifamily residential real estate and (iv) general contracting and real estate services that are conducted through our 
taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”). Net operating income (segment revenues minus segment expenses) or “NOI” is the 
measure used by management to assess segment performance and allocate our resources among our segments. NOI is not a 
measure of operating income or cash flows from operating activities as measured by GAAP and is not indicative of cash 
available to fund cash needs. As a result, NOI should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. 
Not all companies calculate NOI in the same manner. We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net 
income because it assists both investors and management in understanding the core operations of our real estate and 
construction businesses. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
a reconciliation of NOI to net income.

We define same store properties as those that we owned and operated and that were stabilized for the entirety of both 

periods compared. Same store properties exclude those that were in lease-up during the periods compared. We generally 
consider a property to be in lease-up until the earlier of: (i) the quarter after the property reaches 80% occupancy or (ii) the 
thirteenth quarter after the property receives its certificate of occupancy.

Office Segment Data

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

NOI

Square feet(1)
Occupancy(1)

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

$

20,929

7,560

13,369
847,240

($ in thousands)

$

$

31,534

9,888

21,646
916,316

$

$

27,827

8,710

19,117
918,162

86.8%

95.8%

95.2%

________________________________________

(1)  Stabilized properties as of the end of the periods presented.

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $10.6 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2015. NOI for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $8.3 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2015. The decreases in rental revenues and NOI resulted from the dispositions of Richmond Tower and Oyster 
Point, which occurred in the first quarter and third quarter of 2016, respectively. 

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $3.7 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. NOI for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $2.5 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. The increases in rental revenues and NOI resulted from the full year operation of 4525 Main Street and our 
delivery of three new build-to-suit buildings for Oceaneering International and the Commonwealth of Virginia. These increases 
were partially offset by property dispositions – the Sentara Williamsburg medical office building that we sold in the first quarter 
of 2015 and the Virginia Natural Gas office building that we sold in the fourth quarter of 2014.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Office Same Store Results

Office same store rental revenues, property expenses and NOI for the comparative years ended December 31, 2016 

and 2015 and December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

Years Ended

December 31, 

Years Ended

December 31, 

2016 (1)

2015 (1)

Change

2015 (2)

2014 (2)

Change

($ in thousands)

Rental revenues

Property expenses
Same Store NOI
Non-Same Store NOI

Segment NOI

$ 15,476

$ 15,565

5,430
$ 10,046
3,323

$

5,709
9,856
11,790

$ 13,369

$ 21,646

$

$

(89) $ 24,698
(279)
8,175
$ 16,523
190
(8,467)
5,123
$ (8,277) $ 21,646

$ 24,615

8,140
$ 16,475
2,642

$ 19,117

$

$

$

83

35
48
2,481

2,529

________________________________________

(1)  Same store excludes 4525 Main Street, the Richmond Tower building, the Oyster Point building, the Oceaneering 

International building and the Sentara Williamsburg medical office building.

(2)  Same store excludes 4525 Main Street, the two Commonwealth of Virginia buildings, the Oceaneering International 

building, the Sentara Williamsburg medical office building and the Virginia Natural Gas office building.

Same store rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased slightly compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015 because of lower occupancy at One Columbus and Armada Hoffler Tower in the Town Center of Virginia 
Beach.  The decrease in rental revenues was more than offset by decreases in property expenses, specifically utilities, which 
were lower due to lower usage in 2016.

Same store rental revenues and NOI for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014 because of higher occupancy at Two Columbus and Armada Hoffler Tower in the Town Center of Virginia 
Beach.

Retail Segment Data

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

NOI

Square feet(1)
Occupancy(1)

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

$

56,511

14,511

42,000
3,592,558

($ in thousands)

$

$

32,064

8,843

23,221
1,643,058

$

$

23,956

7,108

16,848
1,200,738

95.8%

95.5%

96.4%

________________________________________

(1)  Stabilized properties as of the end of the periods presented.

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $24.4 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2015. NOI for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $18.8 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2015. The increases in rental revenues and NOI resulted primarily from property acquisitions and new real estate 
placed into service. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we acquired the 11-property retail portfolio, Southgate Square, 
Southshore Shops, Columbus Village II and Renaissance Square and placed into service Brooks Crossing and Lightfoot 
Marketplace. 

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $8.1 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. NOI for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $6.4 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. The increases in rental revenues and NOI resulted primarily from property acquisitions and new real estate 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
placed into service. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we acquired Perry Hall Marketplace, Stone House Square, 
Socastee Commons, Columbus Village and Providence Plaza and placed into service Sandbridge Commons.

Retail Same Store Results

Retail same store rental revenues, property expenses and NOI for the comparative years ended December 31, 2016 and 

2015 and December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

Rental revenues

Property expenses
Same Store NOI
Non-Same Store NOI

Segment NOI

Years Ended

December 31, 

Years Ended

December 31, 

2016 (1)

2015 (1)

Change

2015 (2)

2014 (2)

Change

($ in thousands)

$

$

$

26,316

7,579
18,737
23,263

42,000

$

$

$

25,984

7,485
18,499
4,722

23,221

$

$

$

332

94
238
18,541

18,779

$

$

$

23,948

7,160
16,788
6,433

23,221

$

$

$

22,986

6,962
16,024
824

16,848

$

$

$

962

198
764
5,609

6,373

________________________________________

(1)  Same store excludes the 11-property retail portfolio, Brooks Crossing, Columbus Village, Columbus Village II,  Greentree 
Shopping Center, Lightfoot Marketplace, Providence Plaza, Perry Hall Marketplace, Renaissance Square, Sandbridge 
Commons, Socastee Commons, Southgate Square, Southshore Shops and Stone House Square.

(2)  Same store excludes Columbus Village, Dimmock Square, Greentree Shopping Center, Providence Plaza, Perry Hall 

Marketplace, Sandbridge Commons, Socastee Commons and Stone House Square.

Same store rental revenues and NOI for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015 primarily because of higher occupancy at Broad Creek, Hanbury Village, North Point, Parkway 
Marketplace and Fountain Plaza. These increases were partially offset somewhat by lower occupancy at 249 Central Park. 

Same store rental revenues and NOI for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014 primarily because of higher occupancy at South Retail in the Town Center of Virginia Beach and the 
redeveloped ground floor space at Dick’s at Town Center.

Multifamily Segment Data

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

NOI

Apartment units(1)
Occupancy(1)

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

($ in thousands)

$

$

$

$

21,915

9,462

12,453
1,266

$

$

17,574

8,255

9,319
1,109

12,963

6,592

6,371
626

94.3%

94.2%

95.7%

________________________________________

(1)  Stabilized properties as of the end of the periods presented.

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $4.3 million compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015. NOI increased $3.1 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2015. The increases in rental 
revenues and NOI resulted primarily from the delivery of Johns Hopkins Village in August 2016.  The increase from Johns 
Hopkins Village was offset somewhat by the sale of Whetstone Apartments in 2015. 

Rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $4.6 million compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014. NOI increased $2.9 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The increases in rental 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
revenues and NOI resulted primarily from our stabilization of both Encore and Liberty Apartments during 2015 as well as 
higher occupancy at The Cosmopolitan in the Town Center of Virginia Beach.

Multifamily Same Store Results

Multifamily same store rental revenues, property expenses and NOI for the comparative years ended December 31, 

2016 and 2015 and December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

Rental revenues

Property expenses
Same Store NOI
Non-Same Store NOI

Segment NOI

Years Ended

December 31, 

Years Ended

December 31, 

2016 (1)

2015 (1)

Change

2015 (2)

2014 (2)

Change

$

$

$

12,221

5,325
6,896
5,557

12,453

$

$

$

12,158

5,249
6,909
2,410

9,319

$

$

$

($ in thousands)

63

$

12,159

76
(13) $

3,147

3,134

$

5,249
6,910
2,409

9,319

$

$

$

11,638

5,148
6,490
(119)
6,371

$

$

$

521

101
420
2,528

2,948

________________________________________

(1)  Same store excludes Encore Apartments, Johns Hopkins Village, Liberty Apartments and Whetstone Apartments.

(2)  Same store excludes Encore Apartments, Liberty Apartments and Whetstone Apartments. 

Same store rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased compared to the year ended December 31, 

2015 because of higher rental rates at Smith's Landing.  This increase was partially offset by lower occupancy at The 
Cosmopolitan in the Town Center of Virginia Beach. Same store NOI decreased slightly due to an increase in real estate taxes 
at The Cosmopolitan.

Same store rental revenues and NOI for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014 because of higher occupancy at The Cosmopolitan in the Town Center of Virginia Beach and Smith’s 
Landing.

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Segment Data

Segment revenues

Gross profit

Operating margin

Construction backlog

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

($ in thousands)

$

$

$

159,030

5,655

3.6%

217,718

$

$

$

171,268

5,924

3.5%

83,433

$

$

$

103,321

4,567

4.4%

159,139

Segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $12.2 million compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $0.3 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2015. The decrease in segment revenues resulted from lower volume on our construction contracts driven by the 
completion of the Exelon construction project in the Inner Harbor of Baltimore.  The decrease in segment revenue was slightly 
offset by higher operating margins.

Segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $67.9 million compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $1.4 million compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. The increase in segment revenues and gross profit resulted from higher volume on our construction 
contracts driven by the Exelon construction project in the Inner Harbor of Baltimore, which was slightly offset by lower 
operating margins.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The changes in construction backlog for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:  

Beginning backlog

New contracts/change orders

Work performed
Ending backlog

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

($ in thousands)

$

$

83,433

$

159,139

$

46,385

293,115
(158,830)
217,718

$

95,356
(171,062)
83,433

$

215,303
(102,549)
159,139

During the year ended December 31, 2016, we executed several new contracts: Annapolis Junction and the Dinwiddie 
County administration building, which added $50.2 million and $23.0 million, respectively, to the December 31, 2016 backlog. 

During the year ended December 31, 2015, we added $45.9 million to backlog for the construction of a new hotel at 
the Oceanfront of Virginia Beach, Virginia for a related party development group. Construction is expected to be completed in 
time for the 2017 summer season. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had $7.8 million and $40.4 million, respectively, of 
backlog related to the Oceanfront hotel construction project.

During the year ended December 31, 2014, we executed a $168.8 million contract for the construction of the new 

headquarters for Exelon’s Constellation business unit in Baltimore, Maryland. Exelon is the nation’s leading competitive 
energy provider. Construction was completed  in the fourth quarter of 2016. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had $26.9 
million and $126.0 million, respectively, of backlog related to the Exelon construction project.  

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016: 

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2016

Change

2015

Change

($ in thousands)

Revenues

Rental revenues

$

99,355

$

81,172

$

64,746

$

General contracting and real estate services revenues
Total revenues

159,030
258,385

171,268
252,440

103,321
168,067

Expenses

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

21,904

9,629

19,204

7,782

General contracting and real estate services expenses

153,375

165,344

Depreciation and amortization
General and administrative expenses

Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs

Impairment charges
Total expenses
Operating income

Interest income

Interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Gain on real estate dispositions

Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives

Other income

Income before taxes

Income tax benefit (provision)
Net income

35,328
9,552

1,563

355
231,706
26,679

3,228
(16,466)
(82)
30,533
(941)
147

43,098
(343)
42,755

23,153
8,397

1,935

41
225,856
26,584

126
(13,333)
(512)
18,394
(229)
119

31,149

34
31,183

$

$

$

16,667

5,743

98,754

17,569
7,711

229

15
146,688
21,379

—
(10,648)
—

2,211
(233)
120

12,829
(70)
12,759

$

18,183
(12,238)
5,945

$

16,426

67,947
84,373

2,700

1,847
(11,969)
12,175
1,155
(372)
314
5,850
95

3,102
(3,133)
430

12,139
(712)
28

11,949
(377)
11,572

$

2,537

2,039

66,590

5,584
686

1,706

26
79,168
5,205

126
(2,685)
(512)
16,183

4
(1)
18,320

104
18,424

Rental Revenues. Rental revenues by segment for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:

Office

Retail

Multifamily

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2016

Change

2015

Change

($ in thousands)

$

20,929

$

31,534

$

27,827

56,511

21,915
99,355

$

32,064

17,574
81,172

$

23,956

12,963
64,746

$

$ (10,605) $
24,447

4,341
18,183

$

$

3,707

8,108

4,611
16,426

Rental revenues increased $18.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015. The decrease in office rental revenues resulted primarily from the dispositions of Richmond Tower and 
Oyster Point, which we sold in the first and third quarters of 2016, respectively. The increase in retail rental revenues resulted 
primarily from property acquisitions and new real estate placed into service. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we 
acquired the 11-property retail portfolio, Southgate Square, Southshore Shops, Columbus Village II and Renaissance Square 
and placed into service Brooks Crossing and Lightfoot Marketplace. The increases in multifamily rental revenues resulted 
primarily from the delivery of Johns Hopkins Village in August 2016.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rental revenues increased $16.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014. The increase in office rental revenues resulted from the full year operation of 4525 Main Street and our 
delivery of three new build-to-suit buildings for Oceaneering International and the Commonwealth of Virginia. These increases 
were partially offset by property dispositions – the Sentara Williamsburg medical office building that we sold in the first quarter 
of 2015 and the Virginia Natural Gas office building that we sold in the fourth quarter of 2014. The increase in retail rental 
revenues resulted primarily from property acquisitions and new real estate placed into service. During the year ended 
December 31, 2015, we acquired Perry Hall Marketplace, Stone House Square, Socastee Commons, Columbus Village and 
Providence Plaza and placed into service Sandbridge Commons. The increase in multifamily rental revenues resulted primarily 
from our stabilization of both Encore and Liberty Apartments as well as higher occupancy at The Cosmopolitan in the Town 
Center of Virginia Beach.

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Revenues. General contracting and real estate services revenues for the 
years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 decreased $12.2 million and increased $67.9 million, respectively, compared to the 
respective prior years, because of lower volume on our construction contracts, due to the completion of  the Exelon 
construction project in 2016.  

Rental Expenses. Rental expenses by segment for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 were as follows: 

Office

Retail

Multifamily

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2016

Change

2015

Change

($ in thousands)

$

5,560

$

6,938

$

6,395

$

9,116

7,228
21,904

$

5,915

6,351
19,204

$

5,011

5,261
16,667

$

$

(1,378) $
3,201

877
2,700

$

543

904

1,090
2,537

Rental expenses increased $2.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015. Office rental expenses decreased primarily due to the disposition of Richmond Tower and Oyster Point. 
Retail rental expenses increased because of property acquisitions and new real estate placed into service. Multifamily rental 
expenses increased because of increased leasing at both Encore and Liberty Apartments and the delivery of Johns Hopkins 
Village in August 2016.

Rental expenses increased $2.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2014. Office rental expenses increased primarily because of the full year operation of 4525 Main Street. Retail 
rental expenses increased because of property acquisitions and new real estate placed into service. 

Real Estate Taxes. Real estate taxes by segment for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:

Office

Retail

Multifamily

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

2016

Change

2015

Change

2,000

5,395

2,234
9,629

$

$

($ in thousands)

2,950

2,928

1,904
7,782

$

2,315

$

2,097

1,331
5,743

$

(950) $
2,467

330
1,847

$

635

831

573
2,039

Real estate taxes increased $1.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended 

December 31, 2015. Office real estate taxes decreased primarily because of the dispositions of Richmond Tower and Oyster 
Point. Retail real estate taxes increased because of property acquisitions, new real estate placed into service and reassessments. 
Multifamily real estate taxes increased because of the reassessment of Encore Apartments, The Cosmopolitan and the delivery 
of Johns Hopkins Village in August 2016.

Real estate taxes increased $2.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended 
December 31, 2014. Office real estate taxes increased primarily because of the full year operation of 4525 Main Street.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail real estate taxes increased because of property acquisitions and new real estate placed into service. Multifamily 

real estate taxes increased because of the reassessment of Encore Apartments.

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Expenses. General contracting and real estate services expenses for the 
years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 decreased $12.0 million and increased $66.6 million compared to the respective prior 
years, because of lower volume on our construction contracts, primarily due to the completion of the Exelon construction 
project in 2016. 

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $12.2 

million compared to the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase was attributable to property acquisitions and new real 
estate placed into service. Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $5.6 million 
compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase was attributable to property acquisitions and new real estate 
placed into service. 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2016 

and 2015 increased $1.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively, compared to the respective prior years, because of higher 
regulatory and compliance costs as well as higher compensation and benefit costs from increased employee headcount.  

Acquisition, Development and Other Pursuit Costs. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized $1.6 
million of costs primarily attributable to our acquisitions of an 11-property retail portfolio, Southgate Square and Southshore 
Shops.  We adopted new accounting guidance on October 1, 2016 which allowed us to capitalize $0.7 million in costs related to 
the acquisitions of Renaissance Square and Columbus Village II. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we recognized 
$1.9 million of costs primarily attributable to our acquisitions of Perry Hall Marketplace, Stone House Square, Socastee 
Commons, Columbus Village, Providence Plaza and an 11-property retail portfolio. During the year ended December 31, 2014, 
we recognized $0.2 million of costs related primarily to our acquisition of Dimmock Square.

Impairment Charges. Impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2016 were $0.4 million, primarily 

related to tenants who vacated prior to their lease expiration. Impairment charges during the years ended December 31, 2015 
and 2014 were nominal. 

Interest Income. Interest income is attributable to our investment in the Annapolis Junction and Point Street 
Apartments projects through our loans to the respective mezzanine borrowers. As of December 31, 2016, we had funded $59.5 
million through our mezzanine loan program.

Interest Expense. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $3.1 million compared to the year 

ended December 31, 2015 because of new real estate placed into service, increased borrowing on our credit facility and 
additional debt assumed in connection with operating property acquisitions. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 
2015 increased $2.7 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 because of new real estate placed into service and 
additional debt assumed in connection with operating property acquisitions, in addition to rising interest rates.  

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized a $0.1 million loss on 
extinguishment of debt representing the unamortized debt issuance costs associated with our refinancing of the mortgages 
secured by 249 Central Park Retail, South Retail, Fountain Plaza, 4525 Main Street and Encore Apartments. During the year 
ended December 31, 2015, we recognized a $0.5 million loss on extinguishment of debt representing the unamortized debt 
issuance costs associated with our refinancing of the mortgage secured by Smith’s Landing as well as our repayment of the 
Whetstone Apartments and Oceaneering construction loans. 

Gain on Real Estate Dispositions and Acquisitions. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized gains 
on real estate acquisitions of $30.5 million compared to $18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.  The 2016 gains 
consisted of a $26.2 million gain on the sale of Richmond Tower, $3.8 million gain on Oyster Point and a $0.4 million gain on 
the Newport News Economic Development Authority building. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we recognized 
gains on real estate dispositions of $18.4 million compared to $2.2 million of gains on real estate dispositions for the year 
ended December 31, 2014. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we recognized a $6.2 million gain on our sale of the 
Sentara Williamsburg medical office building, a $7.2 million gain on our sale of Whetstone Apartments and a $5.0 million gain 
on our sale of the Oceaneering building. On November 20, 2014, we completed the sale of the Virginia Natural Gas office 
building and recognized a gain on disposition of $2.2 million. 

59

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in Fair Value of Interest Rate Derivatives. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized losses on 

changes in fair value of interest rate derivatives of $0.9 million, compared to $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 
2015. The increase is primarily due to the dedesignation of our interest rate swaps during the three months ended March 31, 
2016.  In 2016, all activity for both interest rate caps and swaps were reclassed out of other income to this line item. 

Other Income. Other income for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was relatively unchanged compared to 

the year ended December 31, 2014. 

Income Taxes. Our TRS, through which we conduct our development and construction business, aris subject to federal, 

state and local corporate income taxes. The income tax benefit (provision) recognized during the three years ended 
December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 is attributable to the (losses) profits of our TRS.  

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We believe our primary short-term liquidity requirements consist of general contractor expenses, operating expenses 

and other expenditures associated with our properties, including tenant improvements, leasing commissions and leasing 
incentives, dividend payments to our stockholders required to maintain our REIT qualification, debt service, capital 
expenditures, new real estate development projects and strategic acquisitions. We expect to meet our short-term liquidity 
requirements through net cash provided by operations, reserves established from existing cash, borrowings under construction 
loans to fund new real estate development and construction and borrowings available under our credit facility and proceeds 
from the sale of common stock through our 2016 at-the-market continuous equity offering program (“2016 ATM Equity 
Offering Program”).

Our long-term liquidity needs consist primarily of funds necessary for the repayment of debt at or prior to maturity, 

general contracting expenses, property development and acquisitions, tenant improvements and capital improvements. We 
expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements with net cash from operations, long-term secured and unsecured 
indebtedness and the issuance of equity and debt securities. We also may fund property development and acquisitions and 
capital improvements using our credit facility pending long-term financing.

As of December 31, 2016, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $21.9 million and restricted cash in 

escrow of $3.3 million available for both current liquidity needs as well as development activities. As of December 31, 2016, 
we had $43.0 million available under our credit facility and $19.1 million available for future issuance under our 2016 ATM 
Equity Offering Program to meet our short-term liquidity requirements.

On February 1, 2017, we increased the borrowings under the senior unsecured term loan facility to $125.0 million and 

increased the total capacity of the senior unsecured credit facility to $275.0 million, pursuant to the accordion feature of the 
credit facility. 

ATM Equity Offering Program

On May 4, 2016, we commenced the 2016 ATM Program through which we may, from time to time, issue and sell 

shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million. Upon commencing our 2016 ATM Program, 
we simultaneously terminated our prior $50.0 million at-the-market continuous equity offering program (the "Prior ATM 
Program"), which we entered into in May 2015 and under which we sold an aggregate of 2,261,068 shares of common stock, 
resulting in aggregate net proceeds of $23.1 million. Our sale of shares under the 2016 ATM Program will depend on a variety 
of factors, including among other things, market conditions, the trading price of our common stock, capital needs and our 
determination of appropriate sources of funding. We have no obligation to sell any shares and may at any time suspend or 
terminate the 2016 ATM Program. Each of our sales agents are entitled to a commission of up to 1.5% of the gross offering 
proceeds of shares that they sell through the 2016 ATM Program. We intend to use any net proceeds from the sale of shares 
through the 2016 ATM Program to fund development or redevelopment activities, fund potential acquisition opportunities, 
repay indebtedness, including amounts outstanding under our credit facility, or for general corporate purposes. During the three 
months and year ended December 31, 2016, we raised $17.4 million and $55.9 million of gross proceeds, respectively, at a 
weighted average price of $14.10 and $13.45 per share, respectively, under the 2016 ATM Program, resulting in net proceeds 
after offering costs and commissions of $17.1 million and $54.8 million, respectively. 

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Credit Facility

On February 20, 2015, we entered into a $200.0 million senior unsecured credit facility that includes a $150.0 million 

senior unsecured revolving credit facility and a $50.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility. The credit facility replaced 
the prior $155.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility that was scheduled to mature on May 13, 2016. We intend to 
use future borrowings under the  credit facility for general corporate purposes, including funding acquisitions, development and 
redevelopment of properties in our portfolio and for working capital.

The  credit facility includes an accordion feature that allows the total commitments to be increased to $350.0 million, 

subject to certain conditions. On January 5, 2016 and March 31, 2016, we increased the total borrowing capacity to $225.0 
million and $250.0 million, respectively. The amount permitted to be borrowed under the credit facility, together with all of our 
other unsecured indebtedness, is generally limited to the lesser of: (i) 60% of the value of our unencumbered borrowing base 
properties, (ii) the maximum amount of principal that would result in a debt service coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.0, and (iii) the 
maximum aggregate loan commitment, which was $250.0 million as of December 31, 2016. 

The  revolving credit facility has a scheduled maturity date of February 20, 2019, with a one-year extension option. 
The term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of February 20, 2020. We may, at any time, voluntarily prepay any loan 
under the credit facility in whole or in part without a material premium or penalty.

The  revolving credit facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.40% to 2.00%, depending on our total leverage. The term 

loan facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35% to 1.95%, depending on our total leverage. We are also obligated to pay an 
unused commitment fee of 15 or 25 basis points on the unused portions of the commitments under the  credit facility, 
depending on the amount of borrowings under the  credit facility. If we attain investment grade credit ratings from S&P and 
Moody’s, we may elect to have borrowings become subject to interest rates based on our credit ratings.

The credit facility requires us to comply with various financial covenants, affirmative covenants and other restrictions, 

including the following: 

•  Total leverage ratio of the Company of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters following 
any acquisition that is equal to or greater than 10% of our total asset value (as defined in the credit agreement), 
but only up to two times during the term of the credit facility);

•  Ratio of adjusted EBITDA to fixed charges of the Company of not less than 1.50 to 1.0;

•  Tangible net worth of not less than the sum of $220.0 million and 75% of the net equity proceeds received after 

December 31, 2014;

•  Ratio of variable rate indebtedness to total asset value of not more than 30%;

•  Ratio of secured indebtedness to total asset value of not more than 45%; and

•  Ratio of secured recourse debt to total asset value of not more than 25%.

The credit facility limits our ability to pay cash dividends. However, so long as no default or event of default exists, 

the credit agreement allows us to pay cash dividends with respect to any 12-month period in an amount not to exceed the 
greater of: (i) 95% of adjusted funds from operations (as defined in the credit agreement) or (ii) the amount required for us 
(a) to maintain our status as a REIT and (b) to avoid income or excise tax under the Code. If certain defaults or events of 
default exist, we may pay cash dividends with respect to any 12-month period to the extent necessary to maintain our status as a 
REIT. The credit facility also restricts the amount of capital that we can invest in specific categories of assets, such as 
unimproved land holdings, development properties, notes receivable, mortgages, mezzanine loans and unconsolidated affiliates.

On February 1, 2017, we increased the borrowings under the senior unsecured term loan facility to $125.0 million and 

increased the total capacity of the senior unsecured credit facility to $275.0 million, pursuant to the accordion feature of the 
credit facility. 

We are currently in compliance with all covenants under the credit facility.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Indebtedness

The following table sets forth our consolidated indebtedness as of December 31, 2016 ($ in thousands):

Effective Rate for  

Amount

Interest

Variable-Rate

Balance at

Rate(a)

Debt

Maturity Date

Maturity

August 8, 2021

$ 15,959

LIBOR + 1.95%

LIBOR + 1.95%

LIBOR + 1.95%
3.25%

3.25%
LIBOR + 2.00%

6.06%

LIBOR + 1.90%

6.67%
LIBOR + 1.90%

LIBOR + 1.85%
LIBOR + 2.00%
LIBOR + 2.00%

LIBOR + 2.00%
LIBOR + 1.90%

6.45%

4.57%

7.25%

4.05%

5.66%

3.75%

LIBOR
+1.40%-2.00%
LIBOR
+1.35%-1.95%
LIBOR
+1.35%-1.95%

Secured Debt

249 Central Park Retail

Outstanding

$

17,076

South Retail

Fountain Plaza Retail
4525 Main Street
Encore Apartments

North Point Note 5

Harrisonburg Regal
Commonwealth of Virginia –
Chesapeake

Hanbury Village
Lightfoot Marketplace
Sandbridge Commons

Southgate Square
Columbus Village Note 1
Columbus Village Note 2

Johns Hopkins Village

North Point Note 1

Socastee Commons

North Point Note 2

Smith's Landing

Liberty Apartments

The Cosmopolitan

7,493

10,281

32,034

24,966

643

3,256

4,933

20,709

12,194

9,376

21,150

6,258

2,266

43,841

9,776

4,866

2,564

20,511

20,005

45,884

Total secured debt

$ 320,082

Unsecured Debt

Revolving credit facility

107,000

Term loan

Term loan

50,000

50,000

Total unsecured debt

$ 207,000

Unamortized GAAP
adjustments

Indebtedness, net

(4,902)

$ 522,180

________________________________________

(a)  LIBOR is determined by individual lenders.

(b)  Subject to an interest rate swap agreement.

2.72%  
2.72%  
2.72%  

3.57% (b)  

August 8, 2021

August 8, 2021
September 10, 2021

September 10, 2021
February 1, 2017

June 8, 2017

2.67%

August 28, 2017

2.67%

2.62%
2.77%
3.05% (b)  

2.77%
2.67%

October 11, 2017
November 14, 2017

January 17, 2018
April 29, 2021
April 5, 2018

April 5, 2018
July 30, 2018

February 5, 2019

January 6, 2023

September 15, 2025

June 1, 2035

November 1, 2043

7,002

9,608
30,774

24,006
643

3,165

4,933

20,499
12,194

9,129
18,925
6,033

2,207
43,841

9,333

4,223

1,344

—

—

July 1, 2051

—
  $ 223,818

2.32%

February 20, 2019

107,000

(b)  

3.50%

February 20, 2020

50,000

2.27%

February 20, 2020

50,000
  $ 207,000

—
  $ 430,818

We currently are in compliance with all covenants on our outstanding indebtedness.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
As of December 31, 2016, our outstanding indebtedness matures during the following years ($ in thousands):

Year
2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Interest Rate Derivatives

Percentage of

Amount Due 

Total 

$

$

45,210

64,528

119,818

104,482

109,862

83,182
527,082

9 %

12 %

23 %

20 %

21 %

15 %
100%

We may use interest rate derivatives from time to time to manage our exposure to interest rate risks. Using an interest 

rate swap lock, we fixed our interest payments under North Point Center Note 5 at 3.57% through maturity on February 1, 
2017.

On February 20, 2015, we entered into a $50.0 million floating-to-fixed interest rate swap attributable to one-month 

LIBOR indexed interest payments. The $50.0 million interest rate swap has a fixed rate of 2.00%, an effective date of March 1, 
2016 and a maturity date of February 20, 2020. We entered into this interest rate swap agreement in connection with the new 
$50.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility that bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35% to 1.95%, depending on our total 
leverage. 

On July 13, 2015, we entered into a $6.5 million floating-to-fixed interest rate swap attributable to one-month LIBOR 
indexed interest payments. The $6.5 million interest rate swap has a fixed rate of 3.05%, an effective date of July 13, 2015 and 
a maturity date of April 5, 2018. 

On October 26, 2015, we entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount of $75.0 million at a 

strike rate of 1.25% for a premium of $0.1 million. The interest rate cap agreement expires on October 15, 2017.

On February 25, 2016, we entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount of $75.0 million at a 

strike rate of 1.50% for a premium of less than $0.1 million.  The interest rate cap agreement expires on March 1, 2018.

On June 17, 2016, we entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount of $70.0 million at a 

strike rate of 1.00% for a premium of less than $0.1 million.  The interest rate cap agreement expires on June 17, 2018.

On February 7, 2017, we entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount of $50.0 million at a 

strike rate of 1.50% for a premium of $0.2 million. The interest rate cap expires on March 1, 2019.

As of December 31, 2016, we were party to the following LIBOR interest rate cap agreements ($ in thousands):  

Effective Date
March 14, 2014

October 26, 2015

February 25, 2016

June 17, 2016
Total

Maturity Date
March 1, 2017

October 15, 2017

March 1, 2018

June 17, 2018

63

Strike Rate

Notional Amount
50,000

1.25% $

1.25%

1.50%

1.00%

$

75,000

75,000

70,000
270,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes the future payments for known contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016 (in 

thousands):

Contractual Obligations
Principal payments of long-term indebtedness

Ground and other operating leases

Long-term debt—fixed interest

Long-term debt—variable interest(1) (2)
Tenant-related and other commitments
Total

________________________________________

Payments due by period

Less than

1 – 3

3 – 5

More than

Total
$ 527,082

1 year
45,210

$

years
$ 184,346

years
$ 214,344

5 years

$

83,182

100,660

84,226
14,534

2,906
$ 729,408

$

1,845

10,467
3,683

2,791
63,996

3,679

15,891
9,433

3,683

10,755
1,418

91,453

47,113
—

—
$ 213,349

—
$ 230,200

115
$ 221,863

(1)  For long-term debt that bears interest at variable rates, we estimated future interest payments using the indexed rates as of 

December 31, 2016. LIBOR as of December 31, 2016 was 77 basis points.

(2)  Assumes the balance outstanding of $107 million and the weighted average interest rate of 2.32% in effect at December 

31, 2016 remain in effect until maturity of our secured revolving credit facility. Amounts also include unused credit facility 
fees assuming the balance outstanding at December 31, 2016 remains outstanding through maturity of our secured 
revolving credit facility.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have entered into standby letters of credit relating to the guarantee of future performance on certain of our 

construction contracts. Letters of credit generally are available for draw down in the event we do not perform. As of 
December 31, 2016, we had aggregate outstanding letters of credit totaling $4.1 million, all of which expire during 2017. 
However, all of our standby letters of credit are expected to renew for additional periods until completion of the underlying 
contractual obligation.

Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Investing Activities

Financing Activities
Net Increase (Decrease)

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period

Years Ended

December 31, 

2016

2015

Change

($ in thousands)

$

$

$

$

$

59,770
(226,461)
161,644

(5,047) $

26,989

21,942

$

$

33,086
(56,381)
24,401
1,106

$

$

25,883

26,989

26,684
(170,080)
137,243
(6,153)

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $26.7 million compared to 

the year ended December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of more net cash generated from our operating property portfolio, 
complimented by higher net cash generated from our construction business.

Net cash used for investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $170.1 million compared to the 
year ended December 31, 2015 primarily due to increased acquisition and development activity. Cash outflows for acquisitions 
totaled $195.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $68.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, we invested $57.4 million in new real estate development compared to $52.7 
million during the year ended December 31, 2015.  

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased $137.2 million compared to 

the year ended December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of increased net debt issuances and borrowings.

Operating Activities

Investing Activities

Financing Activities
Net Increase (Decrease)

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period

Years Ended

December 31, 

2015

2014

Change

($ in thousands)

33,086
(56,381)
24,401
1,106

25,883

26,989

$

$

$

$

31,362
(105,306)
80,945
7,001

$

$

18,882

25,883

$

$

$

$

1,724

48,925
(56,544)
(5,895)

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $1.7 million compared to 

the year ended December 31, 2014 primarily as a result of more net cash generated from our operating property portfolio, 
which was partially offset by less net cash generated from our construction business.

Net cash used for investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $48.9 million compared to the 

year ended December 31, 2014 because of less cash spent on new real estate development. During the year ended 
December 31, 2015, we invested $52.7 million in new real estate development compared to $98.5 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2014.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $56.5 million compared to 

the year ended December 31, 2014 primarily as a result of less net debt issuances and borrowings.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We calculate FFO in accordance with the standards established by NAREIT. NAREIT defines FFO as net income 
(loss) (calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of depreciable operating property, real 
estate related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs) and after adjustments for 
unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.

FFO is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure. Management uses FFO as a supplemental performance measure 
because it believes that FFO is beneficial to investors as a starting point in measuring our operational performance. Specifically, 
in excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization and gains and losses from property dispositions, which do not 
relate to or are not indicative of operating performance, FFO provides a performance measure that, when compared year over 
year, captures trends in occupancy rates, rental rates and operating costs. We also believe that, as a widely recognized measure 
of the performance of REITs, FFO will be used by investors as a basis to compare our operating performance with that of other 
REITs.

However, because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization and captures neither the changes in the value of our 

properties that result from use or market conditions nor the level of capital expenditures and leasing commissions necessary to 
maintain the operating performance of our properties, all of which have real economic effects and could materially impact our 
results from operations, the utility of FFO as a measure of our performance is limited. In addition, other equity REITs may not 
calculate FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition as we do, and, accordingly, our FFO may not be comparable to such 
other REITs’ FFO. Accordingly, FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income as a measure of our 
performance. FFO should not be used as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash 
needs, including our ability to pay dividends or service indebtedness. FFO also should not be used as a supplement to or 
substitute for cash flow from operating activities computed in accordance with GAAP.

We also believe that the computation of FFO in accordance with NAREIT’s definition includes certain items that are 

not indicative of the results provided by the Company’s operating property portfolio and affect the comparability of the 
Company’s year-over-year performance. Accordingly, management believes that Normalized FFO is a more useful performance 

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
measure that excludes certain items, including but not limited to, debt extinguishment losses and prepayment penalties, 
property acquisition, development and other pursuit costs, mark-to-market adjustments for interest rate derivatives and other 
non-comparable items.  

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of FFO and Normalized FFO for each of the three years ended 

December 31, 2016 to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP equivalent:  

Net income

Depreciation and amortization
Gain on real estate dispositions
Funds from operations

Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs

Impairment charges

Loss on extinguishment of debt
Derivative mark-to-market adjustments
Normalized funds from operations

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

($ in thousands)

42,755

$

31,183

$

35,328
(30,103)
47,980

1,563

355

82
941
50,921

$

$

23,153
(18,394)
35,942

1,935

41

512
229
38,659

$

$

$

$

$

12,759

17,569
(2,211)
28,117

229

15

—
233
28,594

The adjustment for gain on real estate dispositions for the year ended December 31, 2016 excludes the gain on the 

Newport News Economic Authority building because this building was sold before being placed in service.

Inflation

Substantially all of our office and retail leases provide for the recovery of increases in real estate taxes and operating 

expenses. In addition, substantially all of the leases provide for annual rent increases. We believe that inflationary increases 
may be offset in part by the contractual rent increases and expense escalations previously described. In addition, our 
multifamily leases generally have lease terms ranging from 7 to 15 months with a majority having 12-month lease terms 
allowing negotiation of rental rates at term end, which we believe reduces our exposure to the effects of inflation.

Item 7A. 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The primary market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk. Our primary interest rate exposure is daily 

LIBOR. We primarily use fixed interest rate financing to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. On a limited 
basis, we also use derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk. We do not use these derivatives for trading or 
other speculative purposes.

As of December 31, 2016 and excluding unamortized GAAP adjustments, approximately $241.5 million, or 45.8%, of 

our debt had fixed interest rates and approximately $285.6 million, or 54.2%, had variable interest rates. Considering interest 
rate swaps, approximately $15.6 million of our debt is subject to interest rate risk. Assuming no increase in the level of our 
variable rate debt, if interest rates increased by 1.0%, our cash flow would decrease by approximately $1.5 million per year. As 
of December 31, 2016, LIBOR was approximately 77 basis points. Assuming no increase in the level of our variable rate debt, 
if LIBOR was reduced to 0 basis points, our cash flow would increase by approximately $2.2 million per year.  

Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Our consolidated financial statements and supplementary data are included as a separate section of this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K commencing on page F-1 and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9. 

Changes and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9A.Controls and Procedures.  

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief 

Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as required by 
paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of December 31, 2016, the Company’s disclosure controls and 
procedures were effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports filed or submitted with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the 
Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, 
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding 
disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 

reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the 
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an 
evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 based on the 2013 
framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management concluded that our internal control over financial 
reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016.  

Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Not applicable.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) 

and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended December 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. 

Other Information.  

None.

Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

PART III  

This information is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the 2017 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC no later than May 1, 2017.  

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation.  

This information is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the 2017 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC no later than May 1, 2017. 

Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 

This information is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the 2017 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC no later than May 1, 2017. 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

This information is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the 2017 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC no later than May 1, 2017. 

Item 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

This information is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement with respect to the 2017 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC no later than May 1, 2017. 

Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.  

The following is a list of documents filed as a part of this report:

PART IV  

(1) 

Financial Statements

Included herein at pages F-1 through F-40.  

(2) 

Financial Statement Schedules

The following financial statement schedule is included herein at pages F-41 through F-43:  

Schedule III—Consolidated Real Estate Investments and Accumulated Depreciation

All other schedules for which provision is made in Regulation S-X are either not required to be included herein under 

the related instructions, are inapplicable or the related information is included in the footnotes to the applicable financial 
statements and, therefore, have been omitted.

(3) 

Exhibits

The exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed in the Exhibit Index.

Item 16. 

Form 10-K Summary.  

None. 

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 1, 2017 

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

By:

/s/ Louis S. Haddad
Louis S. Haddad

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

/s/ Daniel A. Hoffler

Daniel A. Hoffler

/s/ A. Russell Kirk

A. Russell Kirk

/s/ Louis S. Haddad

Louis S. Haddad

Title

Executive Chairman and Director

Date

  March 1, 2017

Vice Chairman and Director

  March 1, 2017

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

  March 1, 2017

(principal executive officer)

/s/ Michael P. O’Hara

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

  March 1, 2017

Michael P. O’Hara

(principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)

/s/ George F. Allen

George F. Allen

/s/ James A. Carroll

James A. Carroll

/s/ James C. Cherry

James C. Cherry

/s/ Eva S. Hardy

Eva S. Hardy

/s/ John W. Snow

John W. Snow

  March 1, 2017

  March 1, 2017

  March 1, 2017

  March 1, 2017

  March 1, 2017

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016 

Item 8, Item 15(a)(1) and (2)

Index to Financial Statements and Schedule

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 
Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Schedule III—Consolidated Real Estate Investments and Accumulated Depreciation 

F-2
F-3

F-4
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-41

F-1

 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (the “Company”), as of 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for 
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed 
in the Index at Item 15(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit 
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes 
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement 
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial 
position of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated results of its operations and 
its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic 
financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for determining whether it 
acquired or sold a business as a result of the adoption of the amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification resulting 
from Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” 
effective October 1, 2016.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

McLean, Virginia
March 1, 2017 

F-2

 
 
 
 
 
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except par value and share data)

ASSETS

Real estate investments:

Income producing property

Held for development

Construction in progress

Accumulated depreciation

Net real estate investments

Real estate investments held for sale
Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable, net

Notes receivable

Construction receivables, including retentions

Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings

Equity method investments

Other assets

Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Indebtedness, net

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Construction payables, including retentions

Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings

Other liabilities

Total Liabilities

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 37,490,361 and 30,076,359
shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively

Additional paid-in capital

Distributions in excess of earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests
Total Equity

DECEMBER 31, 

2016

2015

$

894,078

$

579,000

680

13,529

908,287
(139,553)
768,734

—
21,942

3,251

15,052

59,546

39,433

110

10,235

64,165

1,180

53,411

633,591
(125,380)
508,211

40,232
26,989

2,824

21,982

7,825

36,535

88

1,411

43,450

$

$

982,468

$

689,547

522,180

$

377,593

10,804

51,130

10,167

39,209

6,472

52,067

2,224

25,471

633,490

463,827

—

374

197,114
(49,345)
—

148,143

200,835
348,978

—

300

102,906
(53,010)
(648)
49,548

176,172
225,720

689,547

Total Liabilities and Equity

$

982,468

$

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income  

(In thousands, except per share and unit data)

Revenues

Rental revenues

General contracting and real estate services revenues
Total revenues

Expenses

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

General contracting and real estate services expenses

Depreciation and amortization

General and administrative expenses
Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs

Impairment charges
Total expenses

Operating income

Interest income

Interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Gain on real estate dispositions

Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives

Other income

Income before taxes

Income tax benefit (provision)

Net income

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to stockholders

Net income per share and unit:
Basic and diluted

Weighted-average outstanding:

Common shares

Common units

Basic and diluted

Comprehensive income:
Net income

Unrealized cash flow hedge losses

Realized cash flow hedge losses reclassified to net income
Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to stockholders

$

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-4

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

99,355

$

81,172

$

159,030
258,385

21,904

9,629

153,375

35,328

9,552
1,563

355

231,706

26,679

3,228
(16,466)
(82)
30,533
(941)
147

43,098
(343)
42,755
(14,681)
28,074

$

171,268
252,440

19,204

7,782

165,344

23,153

8,397
1,935

41

225,856

26,584

126
(13,333)
(512)
18,394
(229)
119

31,149

34

31,183
(11,541)
19,642

$

64,746

103,321
168,067

16,667

5,743

98,754

17,569

7,711
229

15

146,688

21,379

—
(10,648)
—

2,211
(233)
120

12,829
(70)
12,759
(5,068)
7,691

$

$

0.85

$

0.75

$

0.36

33,057

17,167

50,224

$

42,755

$

—

—
42,755
(14,681)
28,074

$

26,006

15,377

41,383

31,183
(1,075)
27
30,135
(11,141)
18,994

20,946

14,125

35,071

$

12,759

—

—
12,759
(5,068)
7,691

$

 
 
 
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Equity  

(In thousands, except share data)

Balance, January 1, 2014

Net income

Net proceeds from sale of common stock

Restricted stock awards

Acquisitions of real estate investments

Exchange of owners’ equity for common units

Dividends and distributions declared

Balance, December 31, 2014

Net income

Unrealized cash flow hedge losses

Realized cash flow hedge losses reclassified to net
income

Net proceeds from sale of common stock

Restricted stock awards

Acquisitions of real estate investments

Exchange of owners’ equity for common units

Dividends and distributions declared

Balance, December 31, 2015

Net income

Dedesignation of cash flow hedge

Net proceeds from sales of common stock

Restricted stock awards

Acquisitions of real estate investments

Redemption of operating partnership units

Dividends and distributions declared

Balance, December 31, 2016

Shares of
common
stock

Common
stock

Additional
paid-
in capital

Distributions
in excess of
earnings 

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss

Total
stockholders’
equity (deficit)

Noncontrolling
interests

Total
Equity

19,163,413

$

192

$

1,247

$

(47,934) $

— $

(46,495) $

152,016

$ 105,521

—

5,750,000

109,288

—

—

—

—

57

1

—

—

—

—

49,242

1,284

—

(301)

—

7,691

—

—

—

—

(14,170)

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,691

49,299

1,285

—

(301)

5,068

—

—

16,351

301

12,759

49,299

1,285

16,351

—

(14,170)

(9,139)

(23,309)

25,022,701

$

250

$

51,472

$

(54,413) $

— $

(2,691) $

164,597

$ 161,906

—

—

—

4,560,049

78,109

415,500

—

—

—

—

—

45

1

4

—

—

—

—

—

45,990

992

4,429

23

—

19,642

—

—

—

—

—

—

(18,239)

—

(665)

17

—

—

—

—

—

19,642

(665)

17

46,035

993

4,433

23

11,541

(410)

31,183

(1,075)

10

—

—

27

46,035

993

10,736

15,169

(264)

(241)

(18,239)

(10,038)

(28,277)

30,076,359

$

300

$

102,906

$

(53,010) $

(648) $

49,548

$

176,172

$ 225,720

—

—

5,312,855

101,147

2,000,000

—

—

—

—

53

1

20

—

—

—

—

66,969

1,161

26,080

(2)

—

28,074

—

—

—

—

—

(24,409)

—

648

—

—

—

—

—

28,074

648

67,022

1,162

26,100

(2)

(24,409)

14,681

400

—

—

21,178

(56)

42,755

1,048

67,022

1,162

47,278

(58)

(11,540)

(35,949)

37,490,361

$

374

$

197,114

$

(49,345) $

— $

148,143

$

200,835

$ 348,978

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-5

 
 
 
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  

(In thousands)

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation of buildings and tenant improvements

Amortization of leasing costs and in-place lease intangibles

Accrued straight-line rental revenue

Amortization of leasing incentives and above or below-market rents

Accrued straight-line ground rent expense

Bad debt expense

Noncash stock compensation

Impairment charges

Noncash interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Gain on real estate dispositions

Change in the fair value of interest rate derivatives

Other noncash gain

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Property assets

Property liabilities

Construction assets

Construction liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Development of real estate investments

Tenant and building improvements

Acquisitions of real estate investments

Dispositions of real estate investments

Notes receivable issuances

Government development grants

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

Leasing costs

Leasing incentives

Contributions to real estate joint ventures

Net cash used for investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from sales of common stock

Offering costs

Debt issuances, credit facility and construction loan borrowings

Debt and credit facility repayments, including principal amortization

Debt issuance costs

Redemption of operating partnership units

Dividends and distributions

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

Supplemental cash flow information:

Cash paid for interest

Cash refunded (paid) for income taxes

Common shares and OP units issued for acquisitions

Change in accrued capital improvements and development costs

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

42,755

$

31,183

$

12,759

23,453

11,875

(1,091)

(85)

371

203

1,082

355

980

82

(30,533)

941

—

(3,183)

3,761

(6,385)

15,189

59,770

(57,425)

(6,698)

(195,645)

96,670

(51,721)

—

(208)

(2,374)

(236)

(8,824)

(226,461)

68,475

(1,453)

316,852

(186,533)

(1,796)

(58)

(33,843)

161,644

(5,047)

26,989

21,942

(15,326)

(121)

47,278

8,183

$

$

$

$

$

18,678

4,475

(1,924)

738

290

131

931

41

1,006

512

(18,394)

229

—

(2,463)

2,326

(17,337)

12,664

33,086

(52,719)

(5,157)

(68,445)

79,566

(7,825)

300

1,580

(2,118)

(1,563)

—

(56,381)

46,462

(427)

214,407

(206,889)

(1,887)

(241)

(27,024)

24,401

1,106

25,883

26,989

(12,993)

276

15,169

1,825

$

$

$

$

$

14,984

2,585

(2,203)

632

315

79

917

15

517

—

(2,211)

233

(42)

(1,420)

(1,069)

(5,893)

11,164

31,362

(98,467)

(6,362)

(2,754)

7,387

—

300

(1,824)

(2,835)

(751)

—

(105,306)

49,566

(416)

117,645

(63,306)

(448)

—

(22,096)

80,945

7,001

18,882

25,883

(12,132)

(821)

16,351

2,608

$

$

$

$

$

 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-6

 
 
 
    
    
    
ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

1. 

Business and Organization

Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (the “Company”) is a full service real estate company with extensive experience 
developing, building, owning and managing high-quality, institutional-grade office, retail and multifamily properties 
in attractive markets primarily throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.

The Company is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, and is the sole general partner of Armada Hoffler, L.P. (the 
“Operating Partnership”), and as of December 31, 2016, owned 68.1% of the economic interest in the Operating 
Partnership, of which 0.1% is held as general partnership units. The operations of the Company are carried on 
primarily through the Operating Partnership and the wholly owned subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership. Both the 
Company and the Operating Partnership were formed on October 12, 2012 and commenced operations upon 
completion of the underwritten initial public offering of shares of the Company’s common stock (the “IPO”) and 
certain related formation transactions on May 13, 2013.

F-7

 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2016, the Company owned 100% of the interests in each of the following properties in its 
operating property portfolio:  

Property

4525 Main Street

Armada Hoffler Tower

Commonwealth of Virginia – Chesapeake

Commonwealth of Virginia – Virginia Beach

One Columbus

Two Columbus

249 Central Park Retail

Alexander Pointe

Bermuda Crossroads

Broad Creek Shopping Center

Broadmoor Plaza

Columbus Village

Columbus Village II

Commerce Street Retail

Courthouse 7-Eleven

Dick’s at Town Center

Dimmock Square

Fountain Plaza Retail

Gainsborough Square

Greentree Shopping Center

Hanbury Village

Harper Hill Commons

Harrisonburg Regal

North Hampton Market

North Point Center

Oakland Marketplace

Parkway Marketplace

Patterson Place

Perry Hall Marketplace

Providence Plaza

Renaissance Square

Sandbridge Commons

Socastee Commons

Southgate Square

Southshore Shops

South Retail

South Square

Stone House Square

Studio 56 Retail

Tyre Neck Harris Teeter

Waynesboro Commons

Wendover Village

Encore Apartments

Liberty Apartments

Smith’s Landing

The Cosmopolitan

________________________________________

* 

Located in the Town Center of Virginia Beach

Segment

Office

Office

Office

Office

Office

Office

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Multifamily

Multifamily

Multifamily

Multifamily

F-8

Location

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Chesapeake, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Salisbury, North Carolina

Chester, Virginia

Norfolk, Virginia

South Bend, Indiana

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Virginia Beach, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Colonial Heights, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Chesapeake, Virginia

Chesapeake, Virginia

Chesapeake, Virginia

Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Harrisonburg, Virginia

Taylors, South Carolina

Durham, North Carolina

Oakland, Tennessee

Virginia Beach, Virginia

Durham, North Carolina

Perry Hall, Maryland

Charlotte, North Carolina

Davidson, North Carolina

Virginia Beach, Virginia

Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Colonial Heights, Virginia

Chesterfield, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Durham, North Carolina

Hagerstown, Maryland

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Portsmouth, Virginia

Waynesboro, Virginia

Greensboro, North Carolina

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Newport News, Virginia

Blacksburg, Virginia

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2016, the following properties were under development or construction:

Property
Brooks Crossing

Johns Hopkins Village

Segment
  Office/Retail
  Multifamily

Location
Newport News, Virginia

Baltimore, Maryland

Lightfoot Marketplace

Retail

Williamsburg, Virginia

Town Center Phase VI

Harding Place

  Multifamily
  Multifamily

Virginia Beach, Virginia*

Charlotte, North Carolina

Ownership Interest

(1)

65%

80%

70%

80%

80%

(1) 

The noncontrolling interest holder of Johns Hopkins Village has the right to exchange its 20% ownership interest for 
Class A units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“Class A Units”) upon and for a period of 
one year after the project’s completion.  The Company is entitled to a preferred return of 9% on its investment in Johns 
Hopkins Village. 

*Located in the Town Center of Virginia Beach

2. 

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).

The consolidated financial statements include the financial position and results of operations of the Company, the 
Operating Partnership, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and any interests in variable interest entities where the Company 
has been determined to be the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been 
eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed. Such estimates are based on management’s historical 
experience and best judgment after considering past, current and expected events and economic conditions. Actual 
results could differ from management’s estimates.

Segments

Segment information is prepared on the same basis that management reviews information for operational decision-
making purposes. Management evaluates the performance of each of the Company’s properties individually and 
aggregates such properties into segments based on their economic characteristics and classes of tenants. The Company 
operates in four business segments: (i) office real estate, (ii) retail real estate, (iii) multifamily residential real estate 
and (iv) general contracting and real estate services. The Company’s general contracting and real estate services 
business develops and builds properties for its own account and also provides construction and development services 
to both related and third parties. 

Revenue Recognition

Rental Revenues

The Company leases its properties under operating leases and recognizes base rents when earned on a straight-line 
basis over the lease term. Rental revenues include $1.1 million, $1.9 million and $2.2 million of straight-line rent 
adjustments for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016. The Company begins recognizing rental revenue 
when the tenant has the right to take possession of or controls the physical use of the property under lease. The 
extended collection period for accrued straight-line rental revenue along with the Company’s evaluation of tenant 
credit risk may result in the nonrecognition of all or a portion of straight-line rental revenue until the collection of such 
revenue is reasonably assured. The Company recognizes contingent rental revenue (e.g., percentage rents based on 
tenant sales thresholds) when the sales thresholds are met. Contingent rents included in rental revenues were $0.1 

F-9

 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016. The Company recognizes leasing incentives as 
reductions to rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leasing incentive amortization for each of the 
three years ended December 31, 2016 was $0.8 million, $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The Company 
recognizes fair value adjustments recorded at the time of lease assumption in rental income on a straight line basis as a 
reduction to revenue over the remaining life of the lease or any renewal periods for which the Company determines 
have value at the time of acquisition.  The Company recognizes cost reimbursement revenue for real estate taxes, 
operating expenses and common area maintenance costs on an accrual basis during the periods in which the expenses 
are incurred. The Company recognizes lease termination fees either upon termination or amortizes them over any 
remaining lease term. 

General Contracting and Real Estate Services Revenues

The Company recognizes general contracting revenue on construction contracts using the percentage-of-completion 
method. Under this method, the Company recognizes revenue and an estimated profit as construction contract costs 
are incurred based on the proportion of incurred costs to total estimated construction contract costs at completion. 
Construction contract costs include all direct material, labor and subcontract costs as well as any indirect costs related 
to contract performance. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized immediately in the 
period in which such losses are determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, 
including those arising from contract penalty provisions and final contract settlements, may result in revisions to costs 
and income and are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Profit incentives are included in revenues 
when their realization is probable and when they can be reasonably estimated. 

The Company recognizes real estate services revenues from property development and management when realized and 
earned, generally as such services are provided.  Multiple contracts with a single counterparty are not combined into a 
single contract for the revenue recognition purposes.

Real Estate Investments

Income producing property primarily includes land, buildings and tenant improvements and is stated at cost. Real 
estate investments held for development include land and capitalized development costs. The Company reclassifies 
real estate investments held for development to construction in progress upon commencement of construction. 
Construction in progress is stated at cost. Direct and certain indirect costs clearly associated with the development, 
redevelopment, construction, leasing or expansion of real estate assets are capitalized as a cost of the property. Repairs 
and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

The Company capitalizes direct and indirect project costs associated with the initial construction of a property until the 
property is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalized project costs include preacquisition 
development and preconstruction costs including overhead, salaries and related costs of personnel directly involved, 
real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, ground rent and interest. Interest capitalized during each of the three years ended 
December 31, 2016 was $1.0 million, $1.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively. Overhead, salaries and related 
personnel costs capitalized during each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 were $1.7 million, $2.1 million 
and $2.4 million, respectively.

The Company capitalizes preacquisition development costs directly identifiable with specific properties when the 
acquisition of such properties is probable. Capitalized preacquisition development costs are presented within other 
assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalized preacquisition development costs as of December 31, 2016 and 
2015 were $1.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively. Costs attributable to unsuccessful projects are expensed.

The Company recognizes real estate development grants from state and local governments as reductions to the 
carrying amounts of the related real estate investments when any attached conditions are satisfied and when there is 
reasonable assurance that the grant will be received.

F-10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income producing property is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

Buildings

Capital improvements

Equipment

Tenant improvements

39 years

15—20 years

5—15 years

Term of the related lease

(or estimated useful life, if shorter)

Operating Property Acquisitions

In connection with operating property acquisitions, the Company identifies and recognizes all assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values or relative fair values subsequent to the adoption of the new accounting 
guidance discussed below, as of the acquisition date. The purchase price allocations to tangible assets, such as land, site 
improvements and buildings and improvements are presented within income producing property in the consolidated 
balance sheets and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Acquired lease intangibles are presented within other 
assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and amortized over their respective lease terms. The Company 
amortizes in-place lease assets as depreciation and amortization expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining 
term of the related leases. The Company amortizes above-market lease assets as reductions to rental revenues on a 
straight-line basis over the remaining term of the related leases. The Company amortizes below-market lease liabilities 
as increases to rental revenues on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the related leases. The Company 
amortizes below-market ground lease assets as increases to rental expenses on a straight-line basis over the remaining 
term of the related leases. Prior to October 1, 2016, the Company expensed all costs incurred related to operating 
property acquisitions. On October 1, 2016, the Company adopted newly issued accounting guidance that allows 
capitalization of costs related to operating property acquisitions that do not meet the definition of a business under the 
new guidance discussed below under "Recent Accounting Pronouncements".

The Company values land based on a market approach, looking to recent sales of similar properties, adjusting for 
differences due to location, the state of entitlement as well as the shape and size of the parcel. Improvements to land are 
valued using a replacement cost approach. The approach applies industry standard replacement costs adjusted for 
geographic specific considerations and reduced by estimated depreciation. The value of buildings acquired is estimated 
using the replacement cost approach, assuming the buildings were vacant at acquisition. The replacement cost approach 
considers the composition of the structures acquired, adjusted for an estimate of depreciation. The estimate of 
depreciation is made considering industry standard information and depreciation curves for the identified asset classes. 
The value of acquired lease intangibles considers the estimated cost of leasing the properties as if the acquired buildings 
were vacant, as well as the value of the current leases relative to market-rate leases. The in-place lease value is 
determined using an estimated total lease-up time and lost rental revenues during such time. The value of current leases 
relative to market-rate leases is based on market rents obtained for market comparables. Given the significance of 
unobservable inputs used in the valuation of acquired real estate assets, the Company classifies them as Level 3 inputs 
in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company values debt assumed in connection with operating property acquisitions based on a discounted cash flow 
analysis of the expected cash flows of the debt. Such analysis considers the contractual terms of the debt, including the 
period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate information as of the acquisition 
date. The Company also considers credit valuation adjustments for potential nonperformance risk. The Company 
classifies the inputs used to value debt assumed in connection with operating property acquisitions as Level 2 inputs in 
the fair value hierarchy as they are predominantly observable and market-based.

Real Estate Investments Held for Sale

Real estate assets classified as held for sale are reported at the lower of their carrying value or their fair value, less 
estimated costs to sell. Once a property is classified as held for sale, it is no longer depreciated. A property is classified 
as held for sale when: (i) senior management commits to a plan to sell the property, (ii) the property is available for 
immediate sale in its present condition, subject only to conditions usual and customary for such sales, (iii) an active 
program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell have been initiated, (iv) the sale is 
expected to be completed within one year, (v) the property is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is 
reasonable in relation to its current fair value and (vi) actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely 
that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

F-11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company classified the Richmond Tower office building as held for sale as of December 31, 2015.  No properties 
were held for sale as of December 31, 2016.

Impairment of Long Lived Assets

The Company evaluates its real estate assets for impairment on a property by property basis whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If such an evaluation is 
necessary, the Company compares the carrying amount of any such real estate asset with the undiscounted expected 
future cash flows that are directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as a direct result of, its use and 
eventual disposition. If the carrying amount of a real estate asset exceeds the associated estimate of undiscounted 
expected future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized to reduce the real estate asset’s carrying value to its fair 
value.  Impairment charges recognized during each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 represent unamortized 
leasing or acquired intangible assets related to vacated tenants.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits, investments in money market funds and investments with an 
original maturity of three months or less.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents amounts held by lenders for real estate taxes, insurance and reserves for capital 
improvements. The Company presents changes in cash restricted for real estate taxes and insurance as operating 
activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company presents changes in cash restricted for capital 
improvements as investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. 

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable include amounts from tenants for base rents, contingent rents and cost reimbursements as well as 
accrued straight-line rental revenue. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, accrued straight-line rental revenue presented 
within accounts receivable in the consolidated balance sheets was $12.3 million and $20.3 million, respectively.

The Company’s evaluation of the collectability of accounts receivable and the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful 
accounts is based primarily upon evaluations of individual receivables, current economic conditions, historical 
experience and other relevant factors. The Company establishes reserves for tenant receivables outstanding over 90 
days. For all such tenants, the Company also reserves any related accrued straight-line rental revenue. Additional 
reserves are recorded for more current amounts, as applicable, when the Company has determined collectability to be 
doubtful. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the allowance for doubtful accounts was not significant. The Company 
presents bad debt expense within rental expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. 

Notes Receivable

From time to time, the Company may provide financing to third parties in the form of mortgage or mezzanine loans 
for the development of new real estate. Mezzanine loans are secured, in part, by pledges of ownership interests of the 
entities that own the underlying real estate. The Company evaluates the collectability of both the interest on and 
principal of each of its notes receivable based primarily upon the financial condition of the individual borrowers. A 
loan is determined to be impaired when, based upon current information, it is no longer probable that the Company 
will be able to collect all contractual amounts due from the borrower. The amount of impairment loss recognized is 
measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the loan and its estimated realizable value.

Leasing Costs

Commissions paid by the Company to third parties to originate a lease are deferred and amortized as depreciation and 
amortization expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. Leasing costs are presented within 
other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

F-12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leasing Incentives

Incentives paid by the Company to tenants are deferred and amortized as reductions to rental revenues on a straight-
line basis over the term of the related lease. Leasing incentives are presented within other assets in the consolidated 
balance sheets.

Debt Issuance Costs

Financing costs are deferred and amortized as interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 
related debt. Debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the associated debt 
liability in the consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company may enter into interest rate derivatives to manage exposure to interest rate risks. The Company does not 
use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company recognizes derivative financial 
instruments at fair value and presents them within other assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Gains 
and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives that are neither designated nor qualify as hedging 
instruments are recognized within the change in fair value of interest rate derivatives caption in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income. For derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain 
or loss is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the periods 
during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.    

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures the compensation cost of restricted stock awards based on the grant date fair value. The 
Company recognizes compensation cost for the vesting of restricted stock awards using the accelerated attribution 
method. Compensation cost associated with the vesting of restricted stock awards is presented within either general 
and administrative expenses or general contracting and real estate services expenses in the consolidated statements of 
comprehensive income. Total stock-based compensation expense recognized during each of the three years ended 
December 31, 2016 was $1.1 million, $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Stock-based compensation for 
personnel directly involved in the development and initial construction of a property is capitalized. During each of the 
three years ended December 31, 2016, the Company capitalized $0.3 million, $0.4 million and $0.4 million, 
respectively, of stock-based compensation. 

Income Taxes

The Company has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. 
For continued qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, the Company must meet certain organizational 
and operational requirements, including a requirement to pay distributions to stockholders of at least 90% of annual 
taxable income, excluding net capital gains. As a REIT, the Company generally is not subject to income tax on net 
income distributed as dividends to stockholders. The Company is subject to state and local income taxes in some 
jurisdictions and, in certain circumstances, may also be subject to federal excise taxes on undistributed income. In 
addition, certain of the Company’s activities must be conducted by subsidiaries that have elected to be treated as a 
taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) subject to both federal and state income taxes. The Operating Partnership conducts 
its development and construction businesses through the TRS. The related income tax provision or benefit attributable 
to the profits or losses of the TRS and any taxable income of the Company is reflected in the consolidated financial 
statements.

The Company uses the liability method of accounting for deferred income tax in accordance with GAAP. Under this 
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary 
differences between the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are measured using the statutory rates expected to be applied in the periods in which those 
temporary differences are settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized 
in the period of the change. A valuation allowance is recorded on the Company’s deferred tax assets when it is more 
likely than not that such assets will not be realized. When evaluating the realizability of the Company’s deferred tax 
assets, all evidence, both positive and negative is evaluated. Items considered in this analysis include the ability to 
carryback losses, the reversal of temporary differences, tax planning strategies and expectations of future earnings.  

F-13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Under GAAP, the amount of tax benefit to be recognized is the amount of benefit that is more likely than not to be 
sustained upon examination. Management analyzes its tax filing positions in the U.S. federal, state and local 
jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns for all open tax years. If, based on this analysis, 
management determines that uncertainties in tax positions exist, a liability is established. The Company recognizes 
accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions in the provision for income taxes. If recognized, 
the entire amount of unrecognized tax positions would be recorded as a reduction to the provision for income taxes.

Discontinued Operations

Disposals representing a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial 
results are reported as discontinued operations.

Net Income Per Share and Unit

The Company calculates net income per share and unit based upon the weighted average shares and units outstanding.   
Diluted net income per share and unit is calculated after giving effect to all significant potential dilutive shares 
outstanding during the period. Potential dilutive shares outstanding during the period include nonvested restricted 
stock awards. However, there were no significant potential dilutive shares or units outstanding for each of the three 
years ended December 31, 2016. As a result, basic and diluted outstanding shares and units were the same for all 
periods presented. See Note 11 for the changes in the Company’s nonvested restricted awards during each of the three 
years ended December 31, 2016.    

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups 
Act. An EGC may choose to take advantage of the extended private company transition period provided for complying 
with new or revised accounting standards that may be issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the 
“FASB”) or the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company has elected to opt out of such 
extended transition period. This election is irrevocable. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued a new standard that provides a single, comprehensive model for recognizing 
revenue from contracts with customers. While the new standard does not supersede the guidance on accounting for 
leases, it could change the way the Company recognizes revenue from construction and development contracts with 
third party customers. The new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The Company plans to 
adopt the new standard using the full retrospective method.  A substantial portion of our revenue consists of rental 
revenues from leasing arrangements, such as base rent, which is specifically excluded from the revenue guidance. 
Non-lease components, such as tenant reimbursements for real estate taxes and common area maintenance will be 
subject to the revenue guidance. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of the new revenue standard 
on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On August 15, 2014, the FASB issued guidance that requires management to evaluate relevant conditions, events and 
certain management plans that are known or reasonably knowable as of the evaluation date in order to determine 
whether substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern exists.  This new guidance states that 
substantial doubt exists when relevant conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, indicate that it is probably 
that the entity will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial 
statements are issued, or are available to be issued.  The new guidance was applicable for the Company for the year 
ended December 31, 2016.  Management performed its evaluation and determined that there was no substantial doubt 
about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. 

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued a new leases standard that requires lessees to recognize most leases in their 
balance sheets as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. This guidance will specifically affect the 
ground leases where the Company is the lessee. The new standard also makes targeted changes to lessor accounting. 
The new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2019 and requires a modified retrospective 
transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application with an option to use 
certain transition relief. For lease contracts with a duration of more than one year in which the Company is the lessee, 
the present value of future lease payments will be recognized on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a 

F-14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
corresponding lease liability. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of the new leases standard on 
the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that will change the accounting for certain aspects of share-based 
payments to employees.  Entities will be required to recognize the income tax effects of awards in the income 
statement when the awards vest or are settled, and allows the Company to account for forfeitures as they occur.  The 
new guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 2017.  Management is currently evaluating the potential 
impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

On August 26, 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that addresses eight classification issues related to the statement 
of cash flows.  Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.  This guidance should be applied 
retrospectively to each period presented.  This new guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. 
Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements.   

On October 26, 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that updates the consolidation guidance on how a reporting 
entity that is a single decision maker of a variable interest entity ("VIE") should treat indirect interests in the entity 
held through related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity when determining whether it is 
the primary beneficiary of that VIE.  The new guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 
2017.  Management does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material effect on the Company’s 
financial position or results of operations.

On November 17, 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that requires the statement of cash flows explain the change 
during the period in the total of cash and cash equivalents along with restricted cash and cash equivalents.  Early 
adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.  This new guidance is effective for the Company on 
January 1, 2018. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of the new guidance on the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements.   

On January 5, 2017, the FASB issued new guidance that modifies the definition of a business.  Under this new 
guidance, many real estate acquisitions will now be considered asset acquisitions, allowing costs associated with these 
acquisitions to be capitalized.  Early adoption is permitted on a prospective basis for interim or annual periods for 
which the financial statements have not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company adopted this 
guidance on October 1, 2016, resulting in the capitalization of approximately $0.7 million of acquisition costs related 
to two acquisitions in the fourth quarter of 2016. If the Company had adopted this guidance on January 1, 2016, 
approximately $1.4 million in acquisition costs would have been capitalized.

3. 

Segments

Net operating income (segment revenues minus segment expenses) is the measure used by the Company’s chief 
operating decision-maker to assess segment performance. Net operating income is not a measure of operating income 
or cash flows from operating activities as measured by GAAP and is not indicative of cash available to fund cash 
needs. As a result, net operating income should not be considered an alternative to cash flows as a measure of 
liquidity. Not all companies calculate net operating income in the same manner. The Company considers net operating 
income to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income because it assists both investors and management in 
understanding the core operations of the Company’s real estate and construction businesses. 

F-15

 
 
 
Net operating income of the Company’s reportable segments for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 was 
as follows (in thousands):

Office real estate

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

Segment net operating income

Retail real estate

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

Segment net operating income

Multifamily residential real estate

Rental revenues

Rental expenses

Real estate taxes

Segment net operating income

General contracting and real estate services

Segment revenues

Segment expenses

Segment gross profit

Net operating income

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

20,929

$

31,534

$

27,827

5,560

2,000

13,369

56,511

9,116

5,395

42,000

21,915

7,228

2,234

12,453

6,938

2,950

21,646

32,064

5,915

2,928

23,221

17,574

6,351

1,904

9,319

159,030

153,375

5,655

171,268

165,344

5,924

$

73,477

$

60,110

$

6,395

2,315

19,117

23,956

5,011

2,097

16,848

12,963

5,261

1,331

6,371

103,321

98,754

4,567

46,903

Rental expenses represent costs directly associated with the operation and management of the Company’s real estate 
properties. Rental expenses include asset management fees, property management fees, repairs and maintenance, 
insurance and utilities.

General contracting and real estate services revenues for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 exclude 
revenue related to intercompany construction contracts of $43.3 million, $43.1 million and $85.4 million, respectively. 
General contracting and real estate services expenses for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 exclude 
expenses related to intercompany construction contracts of $42.7 million, $42.8 million and $84.6 million, 
respectively. General contracting and real estate services expenses for each of the three years ended December 31, 
2016 include noncash stock compensation expense of $0.2 million.

F-16

 
 
 
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table reconciles net operating income to net income for each of the three years ended December 31, 
2016 (in thousands):

Net operating income

Depreciation and amortization

General and administrative expenses

Acquisition, development and other pursuit costs

Impairment charges

Interest income

Interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Gain on real estate dispositions

Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives

Other income
Income tax benefit (provision)

Net income

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

$

73,477
(35,328)
(9,552)
(1,563)
(355)
3,228
(16,466)
(82)
30,533
(941)
147
(343)
42,755

$

$

60,110
(23,153)
(8,397)
(1,935)
(41)
126
(13,333)
(512)
18,394
(229)
119
34

$

31,183

$

46,903
(17,569)
(7,711)
(229)
(15)
—
(10,648)
—

2,211
(233)
120
(70)
12,759

General and administrative expenses represent costs not directly associated with the operation and management of the 
Company’s real estate properties and general contracting and real estate services businesses. General and 
administrative expenses include office personnel salaries and benefits, bank fees, accounting fees, legal fees and other 
corporate office expenses. General and administrative expenses for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 
include noncash stock compensation expense of $0.7 million, $0.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

4. 

Operating Leases

The Company’s commercial tenant leases generally range from five to 20 years, but certain leases with anchor tenants 
may be longer. The Company’s commercial tenant leases provide for minimum rental payments during each of the 
next five years and thereafter as follows (in thousands):

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

$

$

70,235

65,384

57,751

47,217

40,783

206,378

487,748

Lease terms on multifamily apartment units generally range from seven to 15 months, with a majority having 12-
month lease terms. Apartment leases are not included in the preceding table as the remaining terms as of December 31, 
2016 are generally less than one year. 

F-17

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
5. 

Real Estate Investments and Equity Method Investments

The Company’s real estate investments comprised the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):

Land

Land improvements

Buildings and improvements

Development and construction costs

Real estate investments

Land

Land improvements

Buildings and improvements

Development and construction costs

Real estate investments

2016 Operating Property Acquisitions

December 31, 2016

Income
producing
property

Held
for
development

Construction
in
progress

Total

$

171,733

$

680

$

6,880

$

179,293

45,052

677,293

—

—

—

—

—

—

6,649

45,052

677,293

6,649

$

894,078

$

680

$

13,529

$

908,287

December 31, 2015

Income
producing
property

Held
for
development

Construction
in
progress

$

70,518

$

1,180

$

7,750

$

26,172

482,310

—

—

—

—

—

—

45,661

Total

79,448

26,172

482,310

45,661

$

579,000

$

1,180

$

53,411

$

633,591

On January 14, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of an 11 asset retail portfolio totaling 1.1 million square 
feet for $170.5 million. 

On April 29, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of Southgate Square, a 220,000 square foot retail center 
located in Colonial Heights, Virginia, for aggregate consideration of $39.5 million, comprised of the assumption of 
$21.1 million in debt (which approximated fair value as of the closing date) and 1,575,185 Class A Units.  

As part of the Southgate Square purchase agreement, the Company acquired an option to purchase an adjacent 
undeveloped land parcel from the seller.  The option for the land parcel is valid for an initial period of two years, and 
its value would be determined by applying a mutually agreed upon capitalization rate to the base rent of tenants 
provided by the seller and approved by the Company.  If, at the end of the two-year period, no suitable tenants have 
been found, the Company has the option of either paying $3.0 million to the seller for the land parcel or extending the 
period for an additional year. If, at the end of the additional year, no suitable tenants have been found, the Company 
can either pay $1.25 million to the seller for the land parcel or let the option expire.  Management has evaluated the 
option and determined that its value is immaterial to the consolidated financial statements. 

On August 4, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of Southshore Shops, a 40,000 square foot retail center 
located in Midlothian, Virginia, for aggregate consideration of $9.3 million, comprised of $6.7 million in cash and 
189,160 Class A Units.

On October 13, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of Columbus Village II, a 92,000 square foot retail and 
entertainment center located in Virginia Beach, Virginia for aggregate consideration of 2,000,000 shares of the 
Company's common stock, which based on the closing stock price on the date of the acquisition, led to an acquisition 
price of $26.2 million, excluding capitalized acquisition costs. 

On November 17, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of Renaissance Square, a 80,000 square foot retail 
center located in Davidson, North Carolina, for $17.1 million, excluding capitalized acquisition costs. 

F-18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation (including acquisition costs for Columbus Village II and 
Renaissance Square) of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the year ended December 31, 2016 (in 
thousands):

Land
Site improvements
Building and improvements
In-place leases
Above-market leases
Below-market leases
Net assets acquired

Retail
Portfolio
66,260
$
3,870
88,820
20,630
1,960
(11,040)
$ 170,500

Southgate 
Square

Southshore
Shops

$

$

8,890
2,140
23,810
5,990
100
(1,400)
39,530

$

$

1,770
490
6,019
1,140
120
(190)
9,349

Columbus
Village II
14,536
$
939
9,983
2,225
—
(939)
26,744

$

Renaissance
Square

$

$

6,730
303
8,137
2,008
70
(10)
17,238

Total
$ 98,186
7,742
136,769
31,993
2,250
(13,579)
$ 263,361

Rental revenues and net income from the 2016 acquired properties for the period from the respective acquisition dates 
to December 31, 2016 included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income was $18.7 million and $2.9 
million, respectively.

2015 Operating Property Acquisitions

On April 8, 2015, the Company completed the acquisitions of Stone House Square in Hagerstown, Maryland and 
Perry Hall Marketplace in Perry Hall, Maryland. In exchange for both properties, the Company paid $35.4 million of 
cash and issued 415,500 shares of common stock. The acquisition date fair value of the total consideration transferred 
in exchange for Stone House Square and Perry Hall Marketplace was $39.8 million.

On July 1, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Socastee Commons, a 57,000 square foot retail center in 
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The total consideration for Socastee Commons was $8.7 million, which was comprised 
of $3.7 million of cash and the assumption of debt with an outstanding principal balance of $5.0 million. The fair 
value adjustment to the assumed debt of Socastee Commons was a $0.1 million premium.

On July 10, 2015, the Company acquired Columbus Village, a 65,000 square foot retail center in Virginia Beach, 
Virginia. In exchange for Columbus Village, the Company assumed debt with an aggregate outstanding principal 
balance and fair value of $8.8 million, issued 1,000,000 Class B units of limited partnership interest in the Operating 
Partnership (“Class B Units”) and agreed to issue 275,000 Class C units of limited partnership interest in the 
Operating Partnership (“Class C Units”) on January 10, 2017. Subject to the occurrence of certain events, the Class B 
Units and Class C Units will not earn or accrue distributions until July 10, 2017 and January 10, 2018, respectively, at 
which time they automatically convert to Class A Units and may be tendered for redemption by the Operating 
Partnership in exchange for cash equal to the market price of shares of the Company’s common stock or, at the 
Company’s option and sole discretion, unregistered or registered shares of the Company’s common stock on a one-for-
one basis. The estimated fair value of the Class B Units and Class C Units includes a discount for their lack of 
marketability and distributions until July 10, 2017 and January 10, 2018, respectively. The acquisition date fair value 
of the total consideration transferred in exchange for Columbus Village was $19.2 million.

On September 1, 2015, the Company acquired Providence Plaza in Charlotte, North Carolina for $26.2 million of 
cash. Providence Plaza is a mixed-use property comprised of three buildings totaling 103,000 square feet, a two-level 
parking garage and approximately one acre of land zoned for multifamily development.

F-19

 
 
 
The following table summarizes the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during 
the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

Land

Site improvements

Building and improvements

In-place leases

Above-market leases

Below-market leases

Indebtedness

Net assets acquired

$

$

29,500

3,290

49,260

14,160

2,260
(4,420)
(13,935)
80,115

Rental revenues and net income from the 2015 acquired properties for the period from the respective acquisition dates 
to December 31, 2015 included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income was $4.8 million and $0.8 
million, respectively.

2014 Operating Property Acquisitions

The Company completed the acquisition of Liberty Apartments on January 17, 2014. The fair value of the total 
consideration transferred at the acquisition date to acquire Liberty Apartments was $26.7 million, consisting of 
695,652 Class A Units, $3.0 million in cash and the assumption of $17.0 million of debt. The fair value adjustment to 
the assumed debt of Liberty Apartments was a $1.5 million discount. The outstanding principal balance of the 
assumed debt of Liberty Apartments at the acquisition date was $18.5 million.

On August 15, 2014, the Company completed the acquisition of Dimmock Square, a 106,166 square foot retail center 
located in Colonial Heights, Virginia. The fair value of the total consideration transferred at the acquisition date to 
acquire Dimmock Square was $19.7 million, consisting of 990,952 OP Units and $10.1 million of cash that was used 
to immediately defease the loan secured by Dimmock Square upon its contribution to the Operating Partnership.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the year 
ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands):

Land

Site improvements

Building and improvements

In-place leases

Indebtedness

Above and below-market leases

Net working capital

Net assets acquired

$

$

8,680

880

35,740

2,220
(16,966)
(390)
(679)
29,485

Rental revenues and net loss from the 2014 acquired properties for the period from the respective acquisition dates to 
December 31, 2014 included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income was $1.8 million and $(2.2) 
million, respectively.

F-20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the consolidated results of operations of the Company on a pro forma basis, as if each 
of the 2016 acquisitions had been acquired on January 1, 2015, each of the 2015 acquisitions had been acquired on 
January 1, 2014 and each of the 2014 acquisitions had been acquired on January 1, 2013 (in thousands): 

Rental revenues

Net income

Years Ended December 31, 

$

2016
101,250

13,327

$

2015
105,479

18,492

$

2014

74,530

13,378

The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of 
operations that would have been achieved if these acquisitions had taken place on January 1, 2015, 2014 and 2013. 
The pro forma financial information includes adjustments to rental revenue and rental expenses for above and below-
market leases, adjustments to depreciation and amortization expense for acquired property and in-place lease assets 
and adjustments to interest expense for fair value adjustments to assumed debt. 

Subsequent to December 31, 2016 

On January 20, 2017, the Company completed the sale of the Wawa outparcel at Greentree Shopping Center.  Net 
proceeds after transaction costs were $4.4 million.  The gain on the disposition was $3.4 million.

Other 2016 Real Estate Transactions

On January 7, 2016, the Company completed the sale of a building constructed for the Economic Development 
Authority of Newport News, Virginia.  Net proceeds after transaction costs were $6.6 million.  The gain on the 
disposition was $0.4 million.

On January 8, 2016, the Company completed the sale of the Richmond Tower office building for $78.0 million. Net 
proceeds after transaction costs were $77.0 million. The gain on the disposition of Richmond Tower was $26.2 
million.

On June 20, 2016, the Company completed the sale of the Willowbrook Commons property located in Nashville, 
Tennessee for $9.2 million.  The gain on the sale of the Willowbrook Commons property was less than $0.1 million. 

On July 29, 2016, the Company completed the sale of the Kroger Junction property located in Pasadena, Texas for 
$3.7 million.  The loss on the sale of the Kroger Junction property was less than $0.1 million. 

On August 30, 2016, the Company entered into an operating agreement with Southern Apartment Group-Harding, 
LLC ("SAGH") to jointly develop an apartment development project in Charlotte, North Carolina. During the year 
ended December 31, 2016, the Company purchased $5.7 million of land in conjunction with the project. 

On September 15, 2016, the Company completed the sale of the Oyster Point office property for $6.4 million. Net 
proceeds after transaction costs and settlement of liabilities were not significant. The gain on the disposition of Oyster 
Point was $3.8 million. 

On December 22, 2016, the Company completed the sale of land adjacent to the Brooks Crossing development for 
$0.4 million.  The gain on the disposition of the land was less than $0.1 million. 

Other 2015 Real Estate Transactions

On January 5, 2015, the Company completed the sale of the Sentara Williamsburg office property for $15.4 million. 
Net proceeds to the Company after transaction costs were $15.2 million. The Company recognized a gain on the 
disposition of the Sentara Williamsburg office property of $6.2 million. 

On February 13, 2015, the Company agreed to the future sale of the Oyster Point office property for $6.5 million. The 
Company completed the sale on September 15, 2016.

F-21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On March 31, 2015, the Company purchased land held for development in the Town Center of Virginia Beach, 
Virginia for $1.2 million.

On May 20, 2015, the Company completed the sale of Whetstone Apartments for $35.6 million. Net proceeds to the 
Company after transaction costs were $35.5 million. The Company recognized a gain on the disposition of Whetstone 
Apartments of $7.2 million. 

On October 5, 2015, the Company purchased 3.24 acres of land in Newport News, Virginia for $0.1 million for the 
development of Brooks Crossing, a new urban, mixed-use and low-rise development project, in partnership with the 
City of Newport News.

On October 30, 2015, the Company completed the sale of the Oceaneering International facility for $30.0 million. Net 
proceeds to the Company after transaction costs were $29.0 million. The Company recognized a gain on the 
disposition of Oceaneering of $5.0 million.

Other 2014 Real Estate Transactions

On April 16, 2014, the Company purchased land in Williamsburg, Virginia for $7.6 million for the development and 
construction of Lightfoot Marketplace.

On May 1, 2014, the Company purchased land in Chesapeake, Virginia for $0.3 million for the development and 
construction of a new administrative building for the Commonwealth of Virginia.

On September 29, 2014, the Company purchased land in Virginia Beach, Virginia for $0.2 million for the development 
and construction of a new administrative building for the Commonwealth of Virginia.

On November 20, 2014, the Company completed the sale of the Virginia Natural Gas office property for $8.9 million 
in cash. Net proceeds to the Company after transaction costs and tax protection payments were $7.4 million. The gain 
on the disposition of the Virginia Natural Gas office property was $2.2 million.  

Equity Method Investments

City Center

On February 25, 2016, the Company acquired a 37% interest in Durham City Center II, LLC (“City Center”) for 
purposes of developing a 22-story mixed use tower in Durham, North Carolina.  As of December 31, 2016, the 
Company has invested $10.3 million in City Center. The Company has agreed to guarantee 37% of the construction 
loan for City Center; however, the loan is collateralized by 100% of the assets of City Center.  As of December 31, 
2016, the construction loan has not been drawn against. 

As of December 31, 2016, the difference between the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment in City 
Center and the amount of underlying equity was immaterial. For the year ended December 31, 2016, City Center did 
not have any operating activity, and therefore the Company did not receive any dividends or allocated income. 

Based on the terms of City Center’s operating agreement, the Company has concluded that City Center is a variable 
interest entity, and that the Company holds a variable interest. The Company does not have the power to direct the 
activities of the project that most significantly impact its performance.   Accordingly, the Company is not the project’s 
primary beneficiary and, therefore, does not consolidate City Center in its consolidated financial statements. 

F-22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. 

Notes Receivable

Point Street Apartments

On October 15, 2015, the Company agreed to invest up to $28.2 million in the Point Street Apartments project in the 
Harbor Point area of Baltimore, Maryland. Point Street Apartments is an estimated $93.0 million development project 
with plans for a 17-story building comprised of 289 residential units and 18,000 square feet of street-level retail space. 
Beatty Development Group (“BDG”) is the developer of the project and has engaged the Company to serve as 
construction general contractor. Point Street Apartments is scheduled to open in 2017; however, management can 
provide no assurances that Point Street Apartments will open on the anticipated timeline.

BDG secured a senior construction loan of up to $70.0 million to fund the development and construction of Point 
Street Apartments on November 10, 2016. The Company has agreed to guarantee $25.0 million of the senior 
construction loan in exchange for the option to purchase up to an 88% controlling interest in Point Street Apartments 
upon completion of the project as follows: (i) an option to purchase a 79% indirect interest in Point Street Apartments 
for $27.3 million, exercisable within one year from the project’s completion (the “First Option”) and (ii) provided that 
the Company has exercised the First Option, an option to purchase an additional 9% indirect interest in Point Street 
Apartments for $3.1 million, exercisable within 27 months from the project’s completion (the “Second Option”).  The 
Company currently has a $2.1 million letter of credit for the guarantee of the senior construction loan.

The Company’s investment in the Point Street Apartments project is in the form of a loan under which BDG may 
borrow up to $28.2 million (the “BDG loan”). Interest on the BDG loan accrues at 8.0% per annum and matures on the 
earlier of: (i) November 1, 2018, which may be extended by BDG under two one-year extension options, (ii) the 
maturity date or earlier termination of the senior construction loan or (iii) the date the Company exercises the Second 
Option as described further below.

In the event the Company exercises the First Option, BDG is required to pay down the outstanding BDG loan in full, 
with the difference between the BDG loan and $28.2 million applied to the senior construction loan . In the event the 
Company exercises the Second Option, BDG is required to simultaneously repay any remaining amounts outstanding 
under the BDG loan, with any excess proceeds received from the exercise of the Second Option applied against the 
senior construction loan. In the event the Company does not exercise either the First Option or the Second Option, the 
interest rate on the BDG loan will automatically be reduced to the interest rate on the senior construction loan for the 
remaining term of the BDG loan. 

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had funded $20.6 million under the BDG loan and for the year ended 
December 31, 2016, the Company recognized $1.2 million of interest income on the BDG loan.

Management has concluded that this entity is a VIE. Because BDG is the developer of Point Street Apartments, the 
Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the project that most significantly impact its performance, 
nor is the Company the party most closely associated with the project. Therefore, the Company is not the project's 
primary beneficiary.

Annapolis Junction

On April 21, 2016, the Company entered into a note receivable with a maximum principal balance of $42.0 million in 
the Annapolis Junction residential component of the Annapolis Junction Town Center project in Maryland (“Annapolis 
Junction”). Annapolis Junction is an estimated $102.0 million mixed-use development project with plans for 416 
residential units, 17,000 square feet of retail space and a 150-room hotel. Annapolis Junction Apartments Owner, LLC 
(“AJAO”) is the developer of the residential component and has engaged the Company to serve as construction 
general contractor for the residential component. Annapolis Junction is scheduled to open in 2017; however, 
management can provide no assurances that Annapolis Junction will open on the anticipated timeline or at the 
anticipated cost.

AJAO secured a senior construction loan of up to $60.0 million to fund the development and construction of 
Annapolis Junction's residential component on September 30, 2016. The Company has agreed to guarantee up to $25.0 
million of the senior construction loan in exchange for the option to purchase up to an 88% controlling interest 
in Annapolis Junction upon completion of the project as follows: (i) an option to purchase an 80% indirect interest in 
Annapolis Junction's residential component for the lesser of the seller’s budgeted or actual cost, exercisable within one 
year from the project’s completion (the “First Option”) and (ii) provided that the Company has exercised the First 

F-23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Option, an option to purchase an additional 8% indirect interest in Annapolis Junction for the lesser of the seller’s 
actual or budgeted cost, exercisable within 27 months from the project’s completion (the “Second Option”).

The Company’s investment in the Annapolis Junction project is in the form of a loan under which AJAO may borrow 
up to $48.0 million, including a $6.0 million interest reserve (the “AJAO loan”). Interest on the AJAO loan accrues at 
10.0% per annum and matures on the earlier of: (i) December 21, 2020, which may be extended by AJAO under two 
one-year extension options, (ii) the maturity date or earlier termination of the senior construction loan or (iii) the date 
the Company exercises the Second Option as described further below. In the event that the Company exercises the 
First Option, AJAO is required to simultaneously pay down both the senior construction loan and the AJAO loan by 
80%, at which time the interest rate on the AJAO loan will automatically be reduced to the interest rate on the senior 
construction loan. In the event the Company exercises the Second Option, AJAO is required to simultaneously repay 
any remaining amounts outstanding under the AJAO loan, with any excess proceeds received from the exercise of the 
Second Option applied against the remaining balance of the senior construction loan. In the event that the Company 
does not exercise either the First Option or the Second Option, the interest rate on the AJAO loan will automatically be 
reduced to the interest rate on the senior construction loan for the remaining term of the AJAO loan. During the year 
ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized $2.0 million of interest income on the note. No portion of the 
note receivable balance is past due and the Company has not recorded an impairment balance on the note.

The balance on the Annapolis Junction note was $38.9 million as of December 31, 2016.

Management has concluded that this entity is a VIE. Because AJAO is the developer of Point Street Apartments, the 
Company does not have the power to direct the activities of the project that most significantly impact its performance, 
nor is the Company the party most closely associated with the project. Therefore, the Company is not the project's 
primary beneficiary.

7. 

Construction Contracts

Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings represent reimbursable costs and amounts 
earned under contracts in progress as of the balance sheet date. Such amounts become billable according to contract 
terms, which usually consider the passage of time, achievement of certain milestones or completion of the project. 
Billings of $13.5 million and $19.2 million were netted against construction contract costs and estimated earnings as 
of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company expects to bill and collect substantially all construction 
contract costs incurred as of December 31, 2016 during the year ending December 31, 2017.  

The Company defers precontract costs when such costs are directly associated with specific anticipated contracts and 
their recovery is probable. Precontract costs of $1.5 million and $0.5 million were deferred as of December 31, 2016 
and 2015, respectively.

Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings represent billings or collections on contracts 
made in advance of revenue recognized.

Construction receivables and payables include retentions—amounts that are generally withheld until the completion of 
the contract or the satisfaction of certain restrictive conditions such as fulfillment guarantees. As of December 31, 
2016 and 2015, construction receivables included retentions of $11.5 million and $10.8 million, respectively. The 
Company expects to collect substantially all construction receivables as of December 31, 2016 during the year ending 
December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, construction payables included retentions of $14.6 million 
and $12.3 million, respectively. The Company expects to pay substantially all construction payables as of 
December 31, 2016 during the year ending December 31, 2017.

F-24

 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s net position on uncompleted construction contracts comprised the following as of December 31, 2016 
and 2015 (in thousands):

Costs incurred on uncompleted construction contracts

Estimated earnings

Billings

Net position

Construction contract costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings

Billings in excess of construction contract costs and estimated earnings

Net position

December 31, 

2016
333,744

$

10,936
(354,737)
(10,057) $

2015
228,184

9,739
(240,059)
(2,136)

December 31,

2016

2015

$

110
(10,167)
(10,057) $

88
(2,224)
(2,136)

$

$

$

$

The Company expects to complete all uncompleted contracts as of December 31, 2016 during the years ending 
December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019.  

F-25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. 

Indebtedness

The Company’s indebtedness was comprised of the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in 
thousands):  

Principal Balance

December 31, 

2016

2015

Stated Interest

Stated Maturity

Rate

Date

December 31, 

2016

$

17,076

$

15,282

LIBOR + 1.95%

August 8, 2021

LIBOR + 1.95%

August 8, 2021

LIBOR + 1.95%

August 8, 2021

3.25%

3.25%

September 10, 2021

September 10, 2021

LIBOR + 2.00%

February 1, 2017

LIBOR
+1.40%-2.00%

February 28, 2017

6.06%

June 8, 2017

LIBOR + 1.90%

August 28, 2017

6.67%

October 11, 2017

LIBOR + 1.90%

November 14, 2017

LIBOR + 1.85%

January 17, 2018

LIBOR + 2.00%

April 29, 2021

LIBOR + 2.00%

LIBOR + 2.00%

LIBOR + 1.90%

April 5, 2018

April 5, 2018

July 30, 2018

6.45%

February 5, 2019

LIBOR
+1.40%-2.00%

LIBOR
+1.35%-1.95%

LIBOR
+1.35%-1.95%

February 20, 2019

February 20, 2020

February 20, 2020

4.57%

7.25%

4.05%

5.66%

3.75%

January 6, 2023

September 15, 2025

June 1, 2035

November 1, 2043

July 1, 2051

249 Central Park Retail (1)

Fountain Plaza Retail (1)

South Retail (1)

4525 Main Street (2)

Encore Apartments (2)

North Point Center Note 5 (3)

Oyster Point

Harrisonburg Regal

Commonwealth of Virginia - Chesapeake

Hanbury Village Note 1

Lightfoot Marketplace

Sandbridge Commons

Southgate Square

Columbus Village Note 1 (3)

Columbus Village Note 2

Johns Hopkins Village

North Point Center Note 1

10,281

7,493

32,034

24,966

643

—

3,256

4,933

20,709

12,194

9,376

21,150

6,258

2,266

43,841

9,776

7,641

6,742

31,613

25,184

664

6,400

3,463

4,933

20,970

7,759

9,010

—

6,429

2,310

3,968

9,969

Revolving credit facility

107,000

74,000

Term loan(3)

Term loan

Socastee Commons

North Point Center Note 2

Smith's Landing

Liberty Apartments

The Cosmopolitan

Total principal balance

Unamortized fair value adjustments

Unamortized debt issuance costs

Indebtedness, net

________________________________________
(1)  Cross collateralized.
(2)  Cross collateralized.
(3)  Subject to an interest rate swap agreement. 

50,000

50,000

50,000

4,866

2,564

20,511

20,005

45,884

—

4,957

2,662

21,226

20,312

46,519

$

527,082

$

382,013

(1,250)

(3,652)

(1,287)

(3,133)

$

522,180

$

377,593

F-26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s indebtedness was comprised of the following fixed and variable-rate debt as of December 31, 2016 
and 2015 (in thousands):

Fixed-rate debt

Variable-rate debt

Total principal balance

December 31, 

2016
241,472

285,610

527,082

$

$

2015
159,743

222,270

382,013

$

$

Certain loans require the Company to comply with various financial and other covenants, including the maintenance 
of minimum debt coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all loan covenants.

Scheduled principal repayments and term-loan maturities during each of the next five years and thereafter are as 
follows (in thousands):

Year
2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

Credit Facility

Scheduled
Principal
Payments

Term-Loan
Maturities

$

3,778

$

3,655

3,485

4,482

3,588

77,615

41,432

60,873

116,333

100,000

106,274

5,567

$

96,603

$

430,479

$

Total Payments
45,210
$

64,528

119,818

104,482

109,862

83,182

527,082

On February 20, 2015, the Operating Partnership, as borrower, and the Company, as parent guarantor, entered into 
a $200.0 million senior unsecured credit facility that includes a $150.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit 
facility and a $50.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility. The credit facility includes an accordion feature that 
allows the total commitments to be increased to $350.0 million, subject to certain conditions. On January 5, 2016 and 
March 31, 2016, the Company increased the total borrowing capacity to $225.0 million and $250.0 million, 
respectively. The credit facility replaced the prior $155.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility that was 
scheduled to mature on May 13, 2016. 

Depending on the Operating Partnership’s total leverage, the revolving credit facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 
1.40% to 2.00% and the term loan facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35% to 1.95%. As of December 31, 2016, 
the interest rates on the revolving credit facility and the term loan facility were 2.32% and 2.27%, respectively. If the 
Company attains investment grade credit ratings from S&P and Moody’s, the Operating Partnership may elect to have 
borrowings become subject to interest rates based on such credit ratings.

The Operating Partnership is also obligated to pay an unused commitment fee of 15 or 25 basis points on the unused 
portions of the commitments under the credit facility, depending on the amount of borrowings under the new credit 
facility.

The revolving credit facility has a scheduled maturity date of February 20, 2019, with a one-year extension option, 
subject to certain conditions, and the term loan facility has a scheduled maturity date of February 20, 2020. The 
Operating Partnership may, at any time, voluntarily prepay any loan under the credit facility in whole or in part 
without a material premium or penalty.

The amount permitted to be borrowed under the new credit facility, together with all of the Operating Partnership’s 
other unsecured indebtedness is generally limited to the lesser of: (i) 60% of the value of the unencumbered borrowing 

F-27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
base properties, (ii) the maximum amount of principal that would result in a debt service coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.0, 
and (iii) the maximum aggregate loan commitment, which was $250.0 million as of December 31, 2016.  

The  credit facility requires the Operating Partnership to comply with various financial covenants, affirmative 
covenants and other restrictions, including the following:

•  Total leverage ratio of the Company of not more than 60% (or 65% for the two consecutive quarters 

following any acquisition that is equal to or greater than 10% of our total asset value (as defined in the credit 
agreement), but only up to two times during the term of the credit facility); 

•  Ratio of adjusted EBITDA to fixed charges of the Company of not less than 1.50 to 1.0;

•  Tangible net worth of not less than the sum of $220.0 million and 75% of the net equity proceeds received 

after December 31, 2014;  

•  Ratio of variable rate indebtedness to total asset value of not more than 30%;  

•  Ratio of secured indebtedness to total asset value of not more than 45%; and

•  Ratio of secured recourse debt to total asset value of not more than 25%.  

The credit facility limits the Company’s ability to pay cash dividends. However, so long as no default or event of 
default exists, the credit agreement allows the Company to pay cash dividends with respect to any 12-month period in 
an amount not to exceed the greater of: (i) 95% of adjusted funds from operations (as defined in the credit agreement) 
or (ii) the amount required for the Company (a) to maintain its status as a REIT and (b) to avoid income or excise tax. 
If certain defaults or events of default exist, the Company may pay cash dividends with respect to any 12-month 
period to the extent necessary to maintain its status as a REIT. The credit facility also restricts the amount of capital 
that the Operating Partnership can invest in specific categories of assets, such as unimproved land holdings, 
development properties, notes receivable, mortgages, mezzanine loans and unconsolidated affiliates.

Subsequent to December 31, 2016 

On February 1, 2017, the Company increased the borrowings under the senior unsecured term loan facility to $125.0 
million and increased the total capacity of the senior unsecured credit facility to $275.0 million, pursuant to the 
accordion feature of the credit facility. 

On February 1, 2017, the Company paid off the North Point Center Note 5 in full. 

On February 24, 2017, the Company secured a $29.8 million construction loan for the Harding Place project in 
Charlotte, North Carolina.

Other 2016 Financing Activity

On August 8, 2016, the Company repaid the existing $15.1 million mortgage loan secured by 249 Central Park Retail, 
the $6.7 million mortgage loan on South Retail and the $7.6 million mortgage loan on Fountain Plaza and refinanced 
them with a $35.0 million five-year term mortgage loan that bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.95% and matures on 
August 8, 2021.  The new mortgage loan is collateralized by all three properties.  The loss on extinguishment of debt 
recognized on the refinancing was less than $0.1 million. 

On August 30, 2016, the Company repaid the existing $31.6 million construction loan secured by 4525 Main Street 
and the $25.2 million construction loan on Encore Apartments and refinanced them with a $57.0 million five-year 
term mortgage loan that bears interest at 3.25% and matures on September 10, 2021.  The new mortgage is 
collateralized by both properties. The loss on extinguishment of debt recognized on the refinancing was less than $0.1 
million for the year ended December 31, 2016. 

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company borrowed $44.4 million under its construction loans to fund 
new development and construction.

F-28

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other 2015 Financing Activity

On May 20, 2015, the Company repaid the $17.8 million construction loan secured by Whetstone Apartments and 
recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.1 million representing unamortized debt issuance costs.

On May 27, 2015, the Company repaid the existing $24.4 million mortgage secured by Smith’s Landing and 
refinanced the property with a new $21.6 million loan that bears interest at 4.05% and matures on June 1, 2035. As a 
result of the refinancing, the Company recognized a $0.1 million loss on extinguishment of debt representing the 
unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the repaid mortgage.

On July 1, 2015, the Company assumed debt with an outstanding principal balance of $5.0 million in connection with 
the acquisition of Socastee Commons. The mortgage bears interest at 4.57% and matures on January 6, 2023.

On July 10, 2015, the Company assumed two loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $8.8 million in 
connection with the acquisition of Columbus Village. Both loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 2.00% and mature on 
April 5, 2018.

On July 30, 2015, the Company entered into a $50.0 million loan agreement to fund the development and construction 
of Johns Hopkins Village. The construction loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.90% and matures on July 30, 2018.

On September 1, 2015, the Company repaid the $6.1 million mortgage secured by the Oyster Point office building.

On October 6, 2015, the Operating Partnership entered into a $6.4 million note secured by the Oyster Point office 
building, which bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.40% to 2.00% and matures on February 28, 2017. This note was paid 
in full in conjunction with the sale of the Oyster Point office building.

On October 30, 2015, the Company repaid the $18.7 million construction loan secured by the Oceaneering 
International building and recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of debt of $0.1 million representing unamortized 
debt issuance costs.

Other 2014 Financing Activity

On January 17, 2014, the Company assumed $17.0 million of debt at fair value in connection with the acquisition of 
Liberty Apartments. The fair value adjustment to the assumed debt of Liberty Apartments was a $1.5 million discount. 
The outstanding principal balance of the assumed debt of Liberty Apartments at the acquisition date was $18.5 
million. On June 13, 2014, the Company borrowed the remaining $2.4 million available under the Liberty Apartments 
loan. The loan amortizes over 30 years, bears interest at 5.66% and matures on November 1, 2043.  

On February 28, 2014, the Company closed on a $19.5 million loan to fund the development and construction of the 
Oceaneering International facility. The construction loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.75% and matures on 
February 28, 2018.  

On August 15, 2014, the Company defeased the loan secured by Dimmock Square for $10.1 million.  

On August 28, 2014, the Company closed on a $5.4 million loan to fund the development and construction of a new 
administrative building for the Commonwealth of Virginia. The construction loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.90% 
and matures on August 28, 2017.  

On November 3, 2014, the Company repaid North Point Center Note 4 for $1.0 million.

On November 14, 2014, the Company closed on a $15.0 million loan to fund the development and construction of 
Lightfoot Marketplace. The construction loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.90% and matures on November 14, 2017.  

9. 

Derivative Financial Instruments

On February 20, 2015, the Operating Partnership entered into a $50.0 million floating-to-fixed interest rate swap 
attributable to one-month LIBOR indexed interest payments. The $50.0 million interest rate swap has a fixed rate of 
2.00%, an effective date of March 1, 2016 and a maturity date of February 20, 2020. The Operating Partnership 

F-29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
entered into this interest rate swap agreement in connection with the $50.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility 
that bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35% to 1.95%, depending on the Operating Partnership’s total leverage. The 
Company designated this interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge of variable interest payments based on one-month 
LIBOR.

On July 13, 2015, the Operating Partnership entered into a $6.5 million floating-to-fixed interest rate swap attributable 
to one-month LIBOR indexed interest payments. The $6.5 million interest rate swap has a fixed rate of 3.05%, an 
effective date of July 13, 2015 and a maturity date of April 5, 2018. The Company designated this interest rate swap as 
a cash flow hedge of variable interest payments based on one-month LIBOR.

On October 26, 2015, the Operating Partnership entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional 
amount of $75.0 million at a strike rate of 1.25% for a premium of $0.1 million. The interest rate cap agreement 
expires on October 15, 2017.

On February 25, 2016, the Operating Partnership entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional 
amount of $75.0 million at a strike rate of 1.50% for a premium of less than $0.1 million.  The interest rate cap 
agreement expires on March 1, 2018.

On June 17, 2016, the Operating Partnership entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount of 
$70.0 million at a strike rate of 1.00% for a premium of less than $0.1 million.  The interest rate cap agreement expires 
on June 17, 2018.

On March 14, 2014, the Operating Partnership entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional amount 
of $50.0 million at a strike rate of 1.25% for a premium of $0.4 million. The interest rate cap agreement expires on 
March 1, 2017.

The Company’s derivatives comprised the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):

Interest rate swaps

Interest rate caps

Total

December 31, 

Notional

Amount
$ 56,901

270,000

$ 326,901

2016

2015

Fair Value

Asset

Liability

Notional

Amount

Fair Value

Asset

Liability

$

$

— $

259

259

$

(829) $ 57,093
— 246,546
(829) $ 303,639

$

$

— $ (1,082)
—
164
$ (1,082)

164

F-30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The changes in the fair value of the Company’s derivatives during each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 
was as follows (in thousands):

Interest rate swaps

Interest rate caps

Total

Comprehensive income statement presentation:
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives

Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge

Total

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

$

$

$

(795) $
(146)
(941) $

(941) $
—
(941) $

(1,071) $
(233)
(1,304) $

(229) $

(1,075)
(1,304) $

5
(238)
(233)

(233)
—
(233)

Effective March 31, 2016, the Company determined that the short-cut method of hedge accounting was not 
appropriate for two of its interest-rate swaps and, for accounting purposes, the hedge relationship was terminated. The 
swaps were entered into in February and July 2015. Accordingly, changes in fair value of the swap should have been 
recorded in income rather than other comprehensive income. The Company determined that the errors were immaterial 
to all previously issued financial statements. The Company recognized $0.7 million of accumulated other 
comprehensive income and $0.4 million, which was previously allocated to noncontrolling interest as of December 31, 
2015, in earnings during the first quarter of 2016. Subsequent changes in the value of the interest rate swap for the 
period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 were also recognized in earnings during the year ended 
December 31, 2016. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2015 was overstated by $1.0 million. In reaching its 
conclusions, management considered the nature of the error, the effect of the error on operating results for 2015, and 
the effects of the error on important financial statement measures, including related trends.   

The Company has not designated any of its interest rate caps as hedging instruments under GAAP.

Subsequent to December 31, 2016  

On February 1, 2017, the North Point Center Note 5 was paid in full, which terminated the interest rate swap 
agreement associated with the note.  The loss on the interest rate swap agreement was not significant. 

On February 7, 2017, the Operating Partnership entered into a LIBOR interest rate cap agreement on a notional 
amount of $50.0 million at a strike rate of 1.50% for a premium of $0.2 million. The interest rate cap expires on March 
1, 2019.

10. 

Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s authorized capital was 500 million shares of common stock and 
100 million shares of preferred stock. The Company had 37.5 million and 30.1 million shares of common stock issued 
and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. No shares of preferred stock were issued and 
outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and 2015.

On April 8, 2015, the Company issued 415,500 shares of common stock in a private placement as partial consideration 
for the acquisition of Perry Hall Marketplace.

On May 5, 2015, the Company commenced an at-the-market continuous equity program through which the Company 
may, from time to time, issue and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 
million (the "Prior ATM Program"). During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued and sold an 
aggregate of 1,108,149 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $10.26 per share. Net proceeds to the 
Company after offering costs and commissions were $10.9 million.

F-31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On May 4, 2016, the Company commenced a new at-the-market continuous equity offering program (the “2016 ATM 
Program”) through which the Company may, from time to time, issue and sell shares of its common stock having an 
aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million. Upon commencing the 2016 ATM Program, the Company 
simultaneously terminated the Prior ATM Program, which the Company entered into in May 2015 and under which, 
the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 1,152,919 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $10.87 
per share, resulting in aggregatenet proceeds after offering costs and commissions of $12.2 million.  From the 
inception date of the 2016 ATM Program through December 31, 2016, the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 
4,159,936 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $13.45 per share under the 2016 ATM Program, 
receiving net proceeds after offering costs and commissions of $54.8 million. 

On October 13, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of Columbus Village II, a stabilized retail asset for 
aggregate consideration of  2,000,000 shares of common stock, which based on the closing stock price on the date of 
the acquisition, leads to an acquisition price of $26.2 million.  On October 19, 2016, the Company filed a registration 
statement covering resales of the shares pursuant to a registration rights agreement with the sellers. 

On December 9, 2015, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 3,450,000 shares of common stock. 
The net proceeds to the Company after deducting the underwriting discount and related offering costs were $35.1 
million.

On September 15, 2014, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 5,750,000 shares of common 
stock. The net proceeds to the Company after deducting the underwriting discount and related offering costs were 
$49.3 million.

Noncontrolling Interests

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company held a 68.1% and 65.6% interest in the Operating Partnership, 
respectively. As the sole general partner and the majority interest holder, the Company consolidates the financial 
position and results of operations of the Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in the Company represent OP 
Units not held by the Company.

As partial consideration for Columbus Village, the Operating Partnership issued 1,000,000 Class B Units on July 10, 
2015 and issued 275,000 Class C Units on January 10, 2017. Subject to the occurrence of certain events, the Class B 
Units and Class C Units will not earn or accrue distributions until July 10, 2017 and January 10, 2018, respectively, at 
which time they automatically convert to Class A Units.

On January 17, 2014, the Operating Partnership issued 695,652 Class A Units as partial consideration for the 
acquisition of Liberty Apartments. On March 31, 2014, the Operating Partnership issued 30,000 Class A Units in 
exchange for all noncontrolling interests in Sandbridge Commons. The Company recognized the difference between 
the fair value of the Class A Units issued and the adjustment to the carrying amount of the noncontrolling interests in 
Sandbridge Commons directly in equity as additional paid-in capital. On August 15, 2014, the Operating Partnership 
issued 990,952 Class A Units as partial consideration for the acquisition of Dimmock Square. 

Holders of OP Units may not transfer their units without the Company’s prior consent as general partner of the 
Operating Partnership. Subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, holders of Class A Units may tender their units 
for redemption by the Operating Partnership in exchange for cash equal to the market price of shares of the 
Company’s common stock at the time of redemption or, at the Company’s option and sole discretion, for unregistered 
or registered shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. Accordingly, the Company presents OP Units of the 
Operating Partnership not held by the Company as noncontrolling interests within equity in the consolidated balance 
sheets. 

F-32

 
 
 
 
 
 
Common Stock Dividends and Class A Unit Distributions

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company declared the following dividends per share and distributions 
per unit:

Declaration Date 
January 31, 2016

May 2, 2016

August 4, 2016

November 3, 2016

Record Date 
March 30, 2016

June 29, 2016

Paid Date 
April 7, 2016

July 7, 2016

September 28, 2016

October 6, 2016

December 28, 2016

January 5, 2017

Total

Dividend Per 
Share/Distribution
Per Unit 

$

$

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.72

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company paid cash dividends of $22.7 million to common 
stockholders and the Operating Partnership paid cash distributions of $11.1 million to holders of Class A Units.

The tax treatment of dividends paid to common stockholders during the year ended December 31, 2016 was as follows 
(unaudited):

Capital gains

Ordinary income

Return of capital

Total

—%

78.00%

22.00%

100.00%

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company declared the following dividends per share and distributions 
per unit:

Declaration Date
January 28, 2015

May 8, 2015

August 6, 2015

November 6, 2015

Record Date
April 1, 2015

July 1, 2015

Paid Date
April 9, 2015

July 9, 2015

October 1, 2015

October 8, 2015

December 31, 2015

January 7, 2016

Total

Dividend Per 
Share/Distribution
Per Unit 

$

$

0.17

0.17

0.17

0.17

0.68

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company paid cash dividends of $17.1 million to common 
stockholders and the Operating Partnership paid cash distributions of $9.9 million to holders of Class A Units.

The tax treatment of dividends paid to common stockholders during the year ended December 31, 2015 was as follows 
(unaudited):

Capital gains

Ordinary income
Return of capital

Total

—%

64.21%
35.79%

100.00%

F-33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company declared the following dividends per share and distributions 
per unit:

Declaration Date
February 18, 2014

May 9, 2014

August 4, 2014

November 10, 2014

Record Date

Paid Date

April 1, 2014

July 1, 2014

April 10, 2014

July 10, 2014

October 1, 2014

October 9, 2014

December 30, 2014

January 8, 2015

Dividend Per 
Share/Distribution
Per Unit 
$

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.64

Total

$

During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company paid cash dividends of $13.2 million to common 
stockholders and the Operating Partnership paid cash distributions of $8.9 million to holders of OP Units.

The tax treatment of dividends paid to common stockholders during the year ended December 31, 2014 was as follows 
(unaudited):

Capital gains

Ordinary income

Return of capital

Total

Subsequent to December 31, 2016 

5.3%

52.3%

42.4%

100.0%

On January 5, 2017, the Company paid cash dividends of $6.7 million to common stockholders and the Operating 
Partnership paid cash distributions of $3.0 million to holders of Class A Units.  These dividends and distributions were 
declared and accrued as of December 31, 2016.

On January 10, 2017, the Company issued 275,000 Class C Units pursuant to the terms of the previously completed 
Columbus Village acquisition. 

On January 10, 2017, the Company issued 68,691 Class A Units for the remaining 20% interests in the Town Center 
Phase VI project.  

On February 2, 2017, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.19 per share to stockholders of record on 
March 29, 2017.  

11. 

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company’s 2013 Equity Incentive Plan permits the grant of restricted stock awards, stock options, stock 
appreciation rights, performance units and other equity-based awards up to an aggregate of 700,000 shares of common 
stock over the ten-year term of the plan. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had 218,050 shares of common stock 
reserved for issuance under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan.

During the three years ended December 31, 2016, the Company granted an aggregate of 0.1 million, 0.1 million and 
0.1 million shares of restricted stock to employees and nonemployee directors, respectively. The weighted average 
grant date fair value of the restricted stock awards granted during each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 
was $1.4 million, $1.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Employee restricted stock awards generally vest over a 
period of two years: one-third immediately on the grant date and the remaining two-thirds in equal amounts on the 
first two anniversaries following the grant date, subject to continued service to the Company. Nonemployee director 
restricted stock awards vest either immediately upon grant or over a period of one year, subject to continued service to 
the Company.  Unvested restricted stock awards are entitled to receive dividends from their grant date.

F-34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
During each of the three years ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized $1.2 million, $1.0 million and $1.3 
million of stock-based compensation, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, the total unrecognized compensation 
cost related to nonvested restricted shares was $0.4 million, substantially all of which the Company expects to 
recognize over the next 15 months.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s nonvested restricted stock awards during the year 
ended December 31, 2016:

Nonvested as of January 1, 2016

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested as of  December 31, 2016

Restricted Stock
Awards

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value Per Share

102,055

$

121,243
(118,374)
(85)
104,839

$

10.52

11.22

10.63

10.84

11.20

Restricted stock awards granted and vested during the year ended December 31, 2016 include 20,011 shares tendered 
by employees to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding obligations.

12. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value measurements are based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. 
The hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value is as follows:

Level 1 Inputs—quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 Inputs—observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and 
liabilities

Level 3 Inputs—unobservable inputs

Except as disclosed below, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair value. 
Financial assets and liabilities whose fair values are measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs consist of 
interest rate swaps and interest rate caps. The Company measures the fair values of these assets and liabilities based on 
prices provided by independent market participants that are based on observable inputs using market-based valuation 
techniques.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. For 
disclosure purposes, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The fair value of the Company’s debt is sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates. Discounted cash flow analysis based 
on Level 2 inputs is generally used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s debt.

Considerable judgment is used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments. The estimates of fair value presented 
herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized upon disposition of the financial 
instruments.

F-35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, all of which are based on Level 2 
inputs, as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

Indebtedness, net

Interest rate swap liabilities

Interest rate cap assets

13. 

Income Taxes

December 31, 

2016

2015

Carrying 
Value

Fair 
Value

Carrying 
Value

Fair 
Value

$

522,180

$

527,414

$

377,593

$

384,691

829

259

829

259

1,082

164

1,082

164

The income tax benefit (provision) for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 comprised the following (in 
thousands):

Federal income taxes:

Current

Deferred

State income taxes:
Current

Deferred

Income tax benefit (provision)

Years Ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2014

$

$

(197) $
(109)

(24)
(13)
(343) $

$

102
(72)

13
(9)
34

$

(37)
(6)

(26)
(1)
(70)

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had $0.5 million and $0.6 million of net deferred tax assets 
representing basis differences in the assets of the TRS and stock-based compensation attributable to the TRS.

Management has evaluated the Company’s income tax positions and concluded that the Company has no uncertain 
income tax positions as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. The Company is subject to examination by the applicable 
taxing authorities for the tax years 2013 through 2016. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company was 
subject to three separate tax examinations.  The Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") is examining the Company's 2014 
income tax returns. The Virginia Department of Taxation is examining the Company's Virginia tax returns for the tax 
years 2013 through 2016, and the North Carolina Department of Revenue is examining the Company's North Carolina 
sales tax returns for the tax years 2013 through 2016. The North Carolina Department of Revenue sales tax audit was 
completed in December 2016 resulting in no liability to the Company.

F-36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
14. 

Other Assets

Other assets were comprised of the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):

Acquired lease intangibles, net

Leasing costs, net

Leasing incentives, net

Prepaid expenses and other

Advance deposits on property acquisitions

Preacquisition development costs

Other assets

15. 

Other Liabilities

December 31, 

2016

2015

$

38,853

$

9,338

4,764

10,056

75

1,079

18,418

10,839

5,408

2,781

3,500

2,504

$

64,165

$

43,450

Other liabilities were comprised of the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):

Dividends and distributions payable

Deferred ground rent payable

Acquired lease intangibles, net

Prepaid rent and other

Security deposits

Interest rate swaps

Other liabilities

16. 

Acquired Lease Intangibles

December 31, 

2016

2015

$

9,727

$

8,202

15,545

3,227

1,679

829

7,621

7,484

5,872

2,145

1,267

1,082

$

39,209

$

25,471

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquired lease intangibles as of December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

In-place lease assets

Above-market lease assets

Below-market lease liabilities

Below-market ground lease assets

December 31, 2016

Gross Carrying

Accumulated

Net Carrying

$

Amount

49,124

4,490

18,039

1,920

Amortization 
15,350

$

$

1,138

2,494

193

Amount

33,774

3,352

15,545

1,727

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquired lease intangibles as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

In-place lease assets

Above-market lease assets

Below-market lease liabilities

Below-market ground lease assets

December 31, 2015

Gross Carrying

Accumulated

Net Carrying

Amount

Amortization

Amount

$

19,700

$

5,128

$

14,572

2,380

6,640

1,920

314

768

140

2,066

5,872

1,780

F-37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of in-place lease assets, net below-market lease liabilities and below-market ground lease assets for the 
year ended December 31, 2016 was $10.2 million, $1.8 million and less than $0.9 million, respectively.

Amortization of in-place lease assets, net below-market lease liabilities and below-market ground lease assets for the 
year ended December 31, 2015 was $2.9 million, $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively.

Amortization of in-place lease assets, net below-market lease liabilities and below-market ground lease assets for the 
year ended December 31, 2014 was $1.3 million, $0.2 million, and less than $0.1 million, respectively. 

As of December 31, 2016, the weighted-average remaining lives of in-place lease assets, above-market lease assets, 
and below-market lease assets were 5.3 years, 6.7 years and 9.9 years, respectively.  As of December 31, 2016, the 
weighted-average remaining life of below-market lease renewal options was 9.0 years.

Estimated amortization of acquired lease intangibles for each of the five succeeding years is as follows (in thousands):

Year ending December 31, 
2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

17. 

Related Party Transactions

Rental Revenues

Rental Expenses

Amortization

Depreciation and

$

1,002

$

993

883

743

755

$

53

53

53

53

53

9,535

6,682

5,192

3,522

2,125

The Company provides general contracting and real estate services to certain related party entities that are not 
included in these consolidated financial statements. Revenue from construction contracts with related party entities of 
the Company was $26.7 million, $9.6 million and $5.3 million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016, 
respectively. Gross profits from such contracts were $1.0 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million for each of the three 
years ended December 31, 2016, respectively. Amounts from related parties of the Company included in construction 
receivables as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were $3.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Real estate services 
fees from affiliated entities of the Company was $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and were not 
significant for either of the years ended December 31, 2016 or 2015. In addition, affiliated entities also reimburse the 
Company for monthly maintenance and facilities management services provided to the properties. Cost 
reimbursements earned by the Company from affiliated entities were not significant for any of the three years ended 
December 31, 2016.

In connection with the formation transactions for the Company's initial public offering, the Operating Partnership 
entered into tax protection agreements that indemnify certain directors and executive officers of the Company from 
their tax liabilities resulting from the potential future sale of certain of the Company’s properties within seven (or, in a 
limited number of cases, ten) years of the completion of the formation transactions on May 13, 2013. Upon 
completing the sale of the Virginia Natural Gas office property on November 20, 2014, the Operating Partnership paid 
$1.3 million under such tax protection agreements. The $1.3 million of tax protection payments made in connection 
with the Virginia Natural Gas office property sale is presented within gain on real estate dispositions in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

18. 

Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company is from time to time involved in various disputes, lawsuits, warranty claims, environmental and other 
matters arising in the ordinary course of its business. Management makes assumptions and estimates concerning the 
likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters.

F-38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company currently is a party to various legal proceedings, none of which management expects will have a 
material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity. Management accrues a 
liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is determined to be probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably 
estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is determined by management to be probable and a range of loss can be 
reasonably estimated, management accrues the best estimate within the range; however, if no amount within the range 
is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. Legal fees related to litigation are 
expensed as incurred. Management does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these matters, either individually or 
in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations; 
however, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.

Under the Company’s leases, tenants are typically obligated to indemnify the Company from and against all liabilities, 
costs and expenses imposed upon or asserted against it as owner of the properties due to certain matters relating to the 
operation of the properties by the tenant.

Commitments

The Company has a bonding line of credit for its general contracting construction business and is contingently liable 
under performance and payment bonds, bonds for cancellation of mechanics liens and defect bonds. Such bonds 
collectively totaled $40.5 million and $183.0 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Operating Partnership has entered into standby letters of credit using the available capacity under the credit 
facility. The letters of credit relate to the guarantee of future performance on certain of the Company’s construction 
contracts. Letters of credit generally are available for draw down in the event the Company does not perform. As of 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Operating Partnership had total outstanding letters of credit of $4.1 million and $8.0 
million, respectively. The amount outstanding at December 31, 2016 includes a $2.1 million letter of credit related to 
the guarantee on the Point Street Apartments senior construction loan.

The Company has five ground leases on four properties with initial terms that range from 20 to 65 years and options to 
extend up to an additional 40 years in certain cases. The Company also leases automobiles and equipment.

Future minimum rental payments during each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

$

1,715

1,738

1,813

1,821

1,840

91,453

$

100,380

Ground rent expense for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016 was $2.0 million, $1.7 million and $1.8 
million, respectively.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The majority of the Company’s properties are located in Hampton Roads, Virginia. For each of the three years ended 
December 31, 2016, rental revenues from Hampton Roads properties represented 52%,  68% and 69%,  respectively, 
of the Company’s rental revenues. Many of the Company’s Hampton Roads properties are located in the Town Center 
of Virginia Beach. For each of the three years ended December 31, 2016, rental revenues from Town Center properties 
represented 41%,  46% and 47%,  respectively, of the Company’s rental revenues. Rental revenues from Richmond 
Tower, which we sold in January 2016, individually represented 1%, 11% and 13% of the Company’s rental revenues 
for each of the three years ended December 31, 2016, respectively. 

A single construction project in Baltimore, Maryland represented 18% and 64% of the Company’s general contracting 
and real estate services revenues for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The same project 

F-39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
represented 29% and 50% of the Company’s general contracting and real estate services segment gross profit for the 
years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

19. 

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following tables summarize certain selected quarterly financial data for 2016 and 2015 (in thousands, except per 
share data):

First

Second

Third

Fourth

2016 Quarters

Rental revenues

$

23,283

$

24,251

$

25,305

$

General contracting and real estate services revenues

Net operating income

Net income (1)
Net income attributable to stockholders

Net income per share: basic and diluted

36,803

17,371
26,533

17,370

33,200

17,973
3,131

2,034

38,552

18,393
7,946

5,212

$

0.57

$

0.06

$

0.15

$

26,516

50,475

19,740
5,145

3,458

0.09

First

Second

Third

Fourth

2015 Quarters

Rental revenues

$

18,190

$

19,908

$

21,303

$

General contracting and real estate services revenues

Net operating income

Net income

Net income attributable to stockholders

Net income per share: basic and diluted

29,071

12,702

8,118

5,105

47,066

15,101

10,285

6,521

53,822

16,488

4,337

2,688

$

0.20

$

0.25

$

0.10

$

21,771

41,309

15,819

8,443

5,328

0.19

(1) 

First quarter amount includes a $26.2 million gain on the disposition of Richmond Tower.

F-40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE III—Consolidated Real Estate Investments and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2016 

Initial Cost

Cost Capitalized

Gross Carrying Amount

Year of

Encumbrances

Land

Improvements

Acquisition

Land

Improvements

Total

Building and

Subsequent to

Building and

Accumulated  
Depreciation  

Net Carrying

Construction/

Amount(1)

Acquisition

$

982

$

— $

40,759

$

982

$

40,759

$ 41,741

$

56,613

1,976

56,613

58,589

$

$

$

Office

4525 Main Street

Armada Hoffler Tower

Commonwealth of Virginia—
Chesapeake

Commonwealth of Virginia—
Virginia Beach

One Columbus

Two Columbus

Total office

Retail

249 Central Park Retail

Alexander Pointe

Bermuda Crossroads

Broad Creek Shopping Center

Broadmoor Plaza

Brooks Crossing

Columbus Village

Columbus Village II

Commerce Street Retail

Courthouse 7-Eleven

Dick’s at Town Center

Dimmock Square

Fountain Plaza Retail

Gainsborough Square

Greentree Shopping Center

Hanbury Village

Harper Hill Commons

Harrisonburg Regal

Lightfoot Marketplace

North Hampton Market

North Point Center

Oakland Marketplace

Parkway Marketplace

32,034  
— (2)

4,933  

—  
— (2)
— (2)
36,967  

17,076  
— (2)
— (2)
— (2)

—

—
8,524  

—
— (2)
— (2)
— (2)
— (2)
10,281  
— (2)
—  
20,709 (2)
— (2)
3,256  
12,194  
— (2)
12,983 (2)

—
— (2)

1,976

328

208

960

53

$ 4,507

$

712

$

$

4,050

5,450

—

2,410

117

7,631

14,536

118

1,007

67

5,100

425

2,229

1,523

3,793

2,840

1,554

7,628

7,250

1,936

1,850

1,150

—

—

—

10,269

—

6,211

2,159

7,345

19,036

328

208

960

53

10,269

$

132,123

$ 4,507

— $

14,838

$

712

$

$

4,880

10,641

—

9,010

—

10,135

10,922

—

—

—

13,126

—

—

—

—

8,510

—

—

10,210

—

3,370

—

4,050

5,450

—

2,410

117

7,631

14,536

118

1,007

67

5,100

425

2,229

1,523

3,793

2,840

1,554

7,628

7,250

1,936

1,850

1,150

23

689

15,845

24

2,276

—

14

3,209

1,043

10,522

46

7,112

7,064

4,280

19,262

12

4,149

14,728

140

25,119

10

3,540

F-41

3,007  
27,427  

$

$

$

587  

181  
9,627  
5,999  
46,828  

7,641  

232
1,804  
8,446  

437

22
439  

104
1,173  
136  
3,507  
877  
2,950  
3,005  
377  
5,770  

301
1,881  
227 (3)

469
11,788  

436
1,678  

38,734

31,162

5,952

2,186

8,947

13,090

100,071

7,909

8,721

14,976

7,399

11,007

2,371

17,327

25,368

2,154

1,914

7,082

17,395

4,587

6,288

5,426

17,285

11,061

3,822

22,129

17,131

15,267

4,794

3,012

2014  
2002  

2015  

2015  
1984/2000  
2009  

2004  

1997

2001/2013  
1997-2001  

1980

2016

1985/2015  

1995/1996

2008  
2011  
2002  
1998/2014  
2004  
1999  
2014  
2009  

2004
1999  
0 (3)

2004
1998  

2004
1998  

6,211

6,539

2,159

17,614

19,036

2,367

18,574

19,089

142,392

$146,899

14,838

$ 15,550

$

$

4,903

11,330

15,845

9,034

2,276

10,135

10,936

3,209

1,043

10,522

13,172

7,112

7,064

4,280

19,262

8,522

4,149

14,728

10,350

25,119

3,380

3,540

8,953

16,780

15,845

11,444

2,393

17,766

25,472

3,327

2,050

10,589

18,272

7,537

9,293

5,803

23,055

11,362

5,703

22,356

17,600

27,055

5,230

4,690

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Patterson Place

Perry Hall Marketplace

Providence Plaza

Renaissance Place

Sandbridge Commons

Socastee Commons

South Retail

South Square

Southgate Square

Southshore Shops

Stone House Square

Studio 56 Retail

Tyre Neck Harris Teeter

Waynesboro Commons

Wendover Village

Total retail

Mutifamily

Encore Apartments

Harding Place

Liberty Apartments

Johns Hopkins Village

Smith’s Landing

The Cosmopolitan

Town Center Phase VI

Total multifamily

Held for development

Real estate investments

$

$

$

$

$

— (2)
— (2)
— (2)

—
9,376  
4,866  
7,493  

—

21,150

—
— (2)
— (2)
— (2)

15,059

3,240

9,950

6,730

5,267

2,320

190

14,130

8,890

1,770

6,360

76

—

—
— (2)
127,908  

1,300

12,710

$161,368

24,966

$ 1,293

$

$

5,706

3,580

—

—

985

1,174

—

20,005

43,841

20,511

45,884

—

155,207

—

320,082

20,180

8,316

12,369

8,439

—

5,380

—

12,670

25,950

6,509

16,350

—

—

1,610

14,490

11

91

476

—

7,236

45

7,623

14

62

5

236

2,477

3,306

10

7

15,059

3,240

9,950

6,730

5,267

2,320

190

14,130

8,890

1,770

6,360

76

—

1,300

12,710

213,067

$

155,544

$161,368

— $

—

23,494

—

35,105

—

—

30,124

$ 1,293

2,453

1,215

65,875

1,153

56,957

1,615

5,706

3,580

—

—

985

1,174

20,191

8,407

12,845

8,439

7,236

5,425

7,623

12,684

26,012

6,514

35,250

11,647

22,795

15,169

12,503

7,745

7,813

26,814

34,902

8,284

16,586

22,946

2,477

3,306

1,620

2,553

3,306

2,920

14,497

27,207

368,611

$529,979

30,124

$ 31,417

2,453

24,709

65,875

36,258

56,957

1,615

8,159

28,289

65,875

36,258

57,942

2,789

217,991

$230,729

— $

680

728,994

$908,287

$

$

$

$

$

676
548  
505  

47
511  
328  
3,731  

476

620

85
974  
727  
756  

192

498
64,374  

1,997  

—

2,566  
863 (3)

4,284  

18,641  

—

28,351  

—  

139,553  

$

$

$

$

$

34,574

11,099

22,290

15,122

11,992

7,417

4,082

26,338

34,282

8,199

21,972

1,826

2,550

2,728

26,709

465,605

29,420

8,159

25,723

65,012

31,974

39,301

2,789

202,378

680

768,734

$

$

$

$

$

2004

2001/2015  
2008/2015  

2008
2015  
2000/2015  
2002  

1977/2005

1991/2016

2006

2008/2015  
2007  
2011  

1993

2004

2014  
— (3)

2013/2014  
— (3)

2009/2013  

2006  

—

$ 12,738

$

680

$179,293

$

$

$

58,599

$

159,392

$ 12,738

— $

— $

680

281,935

$

447,059

$179,293

________________________________________

(1)  The net carrying amount of real estate for federal income tax purposes was $655.9 million as of December 31, 2016.  

(2)  Borrowing base collateral for the credit facility as of December 31, 2016.  

(3)  Construction in progress as of December 31, 2016.  

F-42

 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income producing property is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

Buildings

Capital improvements
Equipment

Tenant improvements

Balance at beginning of the year

Construction costs and improvements

Acquisitions

Dispositions

Reclassifications

Depreciation

Balance at end of the year

39 years

15—20 years
5—15 years

Term of the related lease

(or estimated useful life, if shorter)

Real Estate

Investments

Accumulated

Depreciation

December 31, 

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

633,591

$

595,000

$

125,380

$

116,099

56,630

248,987

(30,467)

(454)

—

52,533

83,230

(23,181)

(73,991)

—

—

—

(352)

(8,928)

23,453

—

—

(668)

(8,729)

18,678

$

908,287

$

633,591

$

139,553

$

125,380

F-43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit
Number
3.1

3.2

4.1

10.1

10.2†

10.3†

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7†

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Description

 Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on June 2, 2014)

 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to
the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Form of Certificate of Common Stock of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Armada Hoffler, L.P. (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on November 12, 2013)

 Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (Time Vesting) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Indemnification Agreement between Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and each of the Directors and Officers
listed on Schedule A thereto (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, filed on March 2, 2016)

 Tax Protection Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and the persons listed on the
signature page thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q, filed on November 12, 2013)

 Representation, Warranty and Indemnity Agreement among Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., Armada Hoffler,
L.P. and Daniel A. Hoffler (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q, filed on November 12, 2013)

 Armada Hoffler, L.P. Executive Severance Benefit Plan with the participants listed on Schedule A thereto 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q, filed on April November 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and Daniel A.
Hoffler, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and A. Russell
Kirk, dated February 12, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and Louis S.
Haddad, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference a to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and Anthony P.
Nero, dated as of February 12, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Eric E.
Apperson, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 
    
Exhibit
Number
10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

Description
 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Michael P.
O’Hara, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and John C.
Davis, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Alan R.
Hunt, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Shelly R.
Hampton, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and William
Christopher Harvey, dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Eric L.
Smith, dated as of February 12, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and John E.
Babb, dated as of January 31, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Rickard E.
Burnell, dated as of February 12, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and A/H TWA
Associates, L.L.C., dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and RMJ Kirk
Fortune Bay, L.L.C., dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Kirk
Gainsborough, L.L.C., dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Chris A.
Sanders, dated as of January 25, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Allen O.
Keene, dated as of January 21, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Bruce G.
Ford, dated as of January 31, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

Exhibit
Number
10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

10.34

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

Description

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and DIAN,
LLC, dated as of January 28, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Compson
of Richmond, L.C., Thomas Comparato and Lindsey Smith Comparato, dated as of January 31, 2013
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on
April 26, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Bruce
Smith Enterprises, LLC and Bruce B. Smith, dated as of January 31, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Steyn,
LLC, dated as of January 31, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and D&F
Beach, L.L.C., dated as of February 1, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and DF Smith’s
Landing, LLC, dated as of January 31, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Spratley
Family Holdings, L.L.C., dated as of January 22, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 12, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc., and Columbus
One, LLC, DP Columbus Two, LLC, City Center Associates, LLC, TC Block 7 Partners LLC, TC Block 12
Partners LLC, TC Block 3 Partners LLC, TC Block 6 Partners LLC, TC Block 8 Partners LLC, TC Block 11
Partners LLC and TC Apartment Partners, LLC, dated as of February 1, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.34 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

 Asset Purchase Agreement by and among AHP Asset Services, LLC and Armada Hoffler Holding Company,
Inc., dated as of , 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Company’s Registration Statement
on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement for the Apprentice School Apartment property by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P.,
Washington Avenue Associates, L.L.C. and Washington Avenue Apartments, L.L.C., and dated as of , 2013
(Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Land Option Agreement by and between and Armada Hoffler, L.P. and Courthouse Marketplace Parcel 7,
L.L.C., dated as of May 1, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Land Option Agreement by and between and Armada Hoffler, L.P. and Courthouse Marketplace Outparcels,
L.L.C., dated as of May, 1 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Land Option Agreement by and between and Armada Hoffler, L.P. and Hanbury Village, LLC, dated as of May
1, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A,
filed on May 2, 2013)

Exhibit
Number

10.40

10.41

10.42

Description
 Land Option Agreement by and between and Armada Hoffler, L.P. and Lake View AH-VNG, LLC, dated as of
May 1, 2013 (Incorporated by to Exhibit 10.41 reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form
S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Land Option Agreement by and between and Armada Hoffler, L.P. and Oyster Point Hotel Associates, L.L.C.,
dated as of May 1, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Company’s Registration Statement
on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

 Contribution Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and Oyster Point
Investors, L.P., dated as of February 11, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on April 26, 2013)

10.43†

 Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Directors (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A, filed on May 2, 2013)

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.47

10.48

10.49

 Option Agreement dated May 1, 2013 by and between Armada/Hoffler Properties, L.L.C. and Armada Hoffler,
L.P. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11/A,
filed on May 2, 2013)

 Option Transfer Agreement by and among Town Center Associates, L.L.C. Armada/Hoffler Properties, L.L.C.,
City Center Associates, L.L.C. and Armada Hoffler, L.P., dated as of May 10, 2013 (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 14, 2013)

 Construction Loan Agreement among TCA Block 11 Apartments, LLC and TCA Block 11 Office, LLC as
Borrower and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, dated as of July 30, 2013 (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 13, 2013)

 Credit Agreement by and among Armada Hoffler, L.P., Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. and Bank of America,
N.A., dated as of February 20, 2015 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current
Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 25, 2015)

 Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by Armada Hoffler, L.P. and certain subsidiaries of Armada Hoffler, L.P.
named therein for the benefit of the Administrative Agent and the lenders named in the Credit Agreement,
dated as of February 20, 2015 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K, filed on February 25, 2015)

 Amendment No. 1, dated as of March 19, 2014, to the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited
Partnership of Armada Hoffler, L.P., dated as of May 13, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 15, 2014)

10.50†

 Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc. Short-Term Incentive Program (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, filed on March 16,
2015)

10.51

10.52

10.53

 Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 10, 2015, to the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited
Partnership of Armada Hoffler, L.P., dated as of May 13, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on July 16, 2015)

 Construction Loan Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2015, by and among Hopkins Village, LLC, as Borrower,
Bank of America, N.A., and the other financial institutions party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on August 5, 2015)

 Agreement of Sale and Purchase, dated as of November 2, 2015, by and between AH Richmond Tower I, LLC
and Kireland Management, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K, filed on January 13, 2016)

Exhibit
Number

10.54

10.55

10.56

Description

 First Amendment to Agreement of Sale and Purchase, dated as of November 10, 2015, by and between AH
Richmond Tower I, LLC and Kireland Management, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 13, 2016)

 Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of December 3, 2015, by and between DDR-SAU South Square,
L.L.C., DDR-SAU Durham Patterson, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Wendover Phase II, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Salisbury
Alexander, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Winston-Salem Harper Hill, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Greer North Hampton Market,
L.L.C., DDR-SAU Nashville Willowbrook, L.L.C., DDR-SAU South Bend Broadmoor, L.L.C., DDR-SAU
Oakland, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Waynesboro, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Pasadena Red Bluff Limited Partnership and
AHP Acquisitions, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, filed on March 2, 2016)

 First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of December 14, 2015, by and between DDR-
SAU South Square, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Durham Patterson, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Wendover Phase II, L.L.C.,
DDR-SAU Salisbury Alexander, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Winston-Salem Harper Hill, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Greer
North Hampton Market, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Nashville Willowbrook, L.L.C., DDR-SAU South Bend
Broadmoor, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Oakland, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Waynesboro, L.L.C., DDR-SAU Pasadena Red
Bluff Limited Partnership and AHP Acquisitions, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, filed on March 2,
2016)

10.57*

Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement

21.1*

23.1*

31.1*

31.2*

32.1**

32.2**

 List of Subsidiaries of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Public Accounting Firm

 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS*

 XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH*

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB*

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*

**

†

 Filed herewith

 Furnished herewith

 Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

Exhibit 10.57

PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT

THIS PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”), dated as of the [   ] day of [          ], 20[   ], 
governs the Performance Unit Award granted by ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC., a Maryland corporation 
(the “Company”), to [                ] (the “Participant”), in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the Company’s 
2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).  A copy of the Plan has been made available to the Participant.  All terms used 
in this Agreement that are defined in the Plan have the same meaning given them in the Plan.

1. 

Grant of Performance Units.  In accordance with the Plan, and effective as of [               ], 20[   ] (the “Grant 
Date”), the Company hereby grants to the Participant, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this 
Agreement, an award of Performance Units (the “Award”).  The Performance Units are notional units (not 
actual shares of Common Stock), representing an unfunded, unsecured right to receive shares of Common 
Stock in the future based on the level of achievement of the performance criteria set forth in Exhibit A over a 
performance period commencing on [          ], 20[   ], and ending on the earlier of (a) the day preceding the 
third anniversary thereof, and (b) a Control Change Date (the “Performance Period”).  The “target” number 
of Performance Units awarded is [_________] (the “Target Award”).  The actual number of Performance Units 
earned will be determined in accordance with Exhibit A and Section 2 of this Agreement, and may be greater 
than or less than the Target Award.

2. 

Determination of Amount Earned; Vesting; Termination of Employment.  

(a) 

(b) 

Determination of Amount Earned.  Within sixty (60) days after the end of the Performance Period, 
the Committee shall determine the number of Earned Performance Units, if any, pursuant to Exhibit A 
and this Section 2(a).  If a Control Change Date occurs during the Performance Period (resulting in 
the  closing  of  the  Performance  Period  as  of  the  Control  Change  Date),  the  amount  of  Earned 
Performance Units shall be determined as follows: (i) the amount of Performance Units earned based 
on Absolute TSR (as such term is defined in Exhibit A), if any, shall be calculated based on the 
Company’s Absolute TSR through the Control Change Date, with the Absolute TSR percentages in 
the left column of the table in Section 2(a) of Exhibit A prorated by multiplying such percentages by 
a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days from and including the first day of the 
Performance Period through the Control Change Date, and the denominator of which is 1,096, and 
(ii)  the  amount  of  Performance  Units  earned  based  on  Relative TSR  (as  such  term  is  defined  in 
Exhibit A), if any, shall be calculated in accordance with Exhibit A based on TSR calculated through 
the Control Change Date.  

Vesting.  Subject to Section 2(c) below, fifty percent (50%) of any Earned Performance Units shall 
vest on the last day of the Performance Period, twenty-five percent (25%) of any Earned Performance 
Units  shall  vest  on  the  first  (1st)  anniversary  of  the  last  day  of  the  Performance  Period,  and  the 
remaining twenty-five percent (25%) of any Earned Performance Units shall vest on the second (2nd) 
anniversary of the last day of the Performance Period (each such date, a “Vesting Date,” and each 
period between the first day of the Performance Period and a Vesting Date, a “Vesting Period”).  For 
the avoidance of doubt, if a Control Change Date occurs during the Performance Period, the last day 
of the Performance Period shall be the Control Change Date for all purposes under this Agreement, 
including this Section 2(b).     

(c) 

Termination of Employment.  Except as provided in Sections 2(c)(i) and (ii) below, if the Participant’s 
employment with the Company and its Affiliates (and any successors thereto) terminates on or before 
a Vesting Date, any unvested Performance Units shall immediately and automatically be forfeited as 
of the date of termination, and the Participant shall have no further rights with respect to this Award.

(i) 

Involuntary Termination Before a Control Change Date.  If, before a Control Change Date, 
the  Participant’s  employment  with  the  Company  and  its Affiliates  (and  any  successors 
thereto) terminates due to an Involuntary Termination, the number of Earned Performance 
Units that vest on each remaining Vesting Date (which shall not be accelerated due to the 

 
(ii) 

termination), if any, shall be prorated by multiplying the number of Earned Performance 
Units that otherwise would have vested on such Vesting Date by a fraction, the numerator 
of which is the number of days the Participant was employed during the applicable Vesting 
Period, and the denominator of which is the total number of days in the Vesting Period.  

Involuntary Termination Following a Control Change Date.  If, within the period beginning 
on a Control Change Date and ending on the date twenty-four (24) months following the 
Control Change Date, the Participant’s employment with the Company and its Affiliates 
(and  any  successors  thereto)  terminates  due  to  an  Involuntary  Termination,  all  Earned 
Performance  Units,  to  the  extent  unvested,  shall  immediately  vest  as  of  the  date  of  the 
termination  of  employment  and,  within  sixty  (60)  days  following  the  date  of  such 
termination, the Company will issue to the Participant one share of Common Stock for each 
outstanding  Earned  Performance  Unit  (together  with  any  related  Dividend  Equivalent 
Rights) provided the Participant has executed and delivered a general release of claims in 
favor of the Company and its Affiliates (and any successor(s) thereto) on the Company’s 
standard form of release agreement, and such release has become irrevocable within sixty 
(60) days following the date of termination.  To the extent the Company determines that the 
Performance Units constitute nonqualified deferred compensation for purposes of Section 
409A of the Code (“Section 409A”) and such sixty (60) day period spans two calendar years, 
any earned shares of Common Stock shall be issued in the later calendar year.

(iii)  Cause.  For purposes of this Agreement, a termination of the Participant’s employment with 
the Company or an Affiliate (or any successors thereto) is with Cause if such employment 
is terminated on account of (i) the Participant’s continued failure to perform the duties and 
responsibilities of his or her position, the Participant’s failure to perform a material duty or 
the Participant’s material breach of an obligation under an agreement with the Company or 
a breach of a material and written Company policy other than by reason of mental or physical 
illness or injury, (ii) the Participant’s breach of a fiduciary duty to the Company, (iii) the 
Participant’s  conduct  that  is  demonstrably  and  materially  injurious  to  the  Company, 
materially or otherwise or (iv) the Participant’s conviction of, or plea of nolo contendre to, 
a felony or crime involving moral turpitude or fraud or dishonesty involving assets of the 
Company and that in all cases is described in a written notice from the Company and that 
is not cured, to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company, within thirty (30) days after such 
notice is received by the Participant.

(iv)  Disability.  For purposes of this Agreement, the Participant shall be considered to have a 
Disability if the Participant is considered “disabled,” as that term is used in Section 409A
(a)(2)(C) of the Code.

(v)  Good Reason.  For purposes of this Agreement, the Participant’s resignation is with Good 
Reason if the Participant resigns on account of (i) the Company’s material breach of an 
agreement with the Participant or a direction from the Board that the Participant act or refrain 
from acting which in either case would be unlawful or contrary to a material and written 
Company policy, (ii) a material reduction in the Participant’s base salary or annual bonus 
opportunity or (iii) a requirement that the Participant relocate the Participant’s employment 
more than fifty (50) miles from the location of the Participant’s principal office on the Date 
of Grant, without the consent of the Participant.  The Participant’s resignation shall not be 
a resignation with Good Reason unless the Participant gives the Company written notice 
(delivered within thirty (30) days after the Participant knows of the event, action, etc. that 
the Participant asserts constitutes Good Reason), the event, action, etc. that the Participant 
asserts constitutes Good Reason is not cured, to the reasonable satisfaction of the Participant, 
within thirty (30) days after such notice and the Participant resigns effective not later than 
thirty (30) days after the expiration of such cure period.

 
(vi) 

Involuntary  Termination.    For  purposes  of  this  Agreement,  the  term  “Involuntary 
Termination”  means  a  termination  of  the  Participant’s  employment  (A)  due  to  the 
Participant’s Disability or death, (B) by the Company or an Affiliate (or any successors 
thereto) without Cause, or (C) by the Participant for Good Reason.

Timing and Manner of Payment of Earned Performance Units.  Except as provided in Section 2(c)(ii) above, 
(a) within sixty (60) days following the first Vesting Date (either the last day of the Performance Period or the 
Control Change Date, as applicable), the Company shall issue to the Participant one share of Common Stock 
for each Earned Performance Unit that vests as of such Vesting Date, (b) with respect of any Earned Performance 
Units that vest on the first (1st) and/or second (2nd) anniversary of the last day of the Performance Period (or 
on such anniversaries of a Control Change Date, as applicable), the Company shall issue one share of Common 
Stock for each Earned Performance Unit that vests as of such Vesting Date, with such shares issued on the 
applicable Vesting Date.

Tax Withholding.  In accordance with Section 14.05 of the Plan (or any successor provision), the Company 
shall have the power and right to deduct or withhold, or require the Participant to remit to the Company, an 
amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state, local and other taxes (including the Participant’s payroll tax 
obligations) required by law to be withheld with respect to this Award.  Any minimum statutory federal, state, 
district or city withholding tax obligations may be satisfied (a) by surrendering to the Company shares of 
Common Stock previously acquired by the Participant; or (b) by authorizing the Company to withhold or 
reduce the number of shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon the settlement of 
the Performance Units.

Dividend Equivalent Rights.  The Participant shall also be entitled to Dividend Equivalent Rights with respect 
to the Performance Units.  If the Company declares a normal dividend on its shares of Common Stock and 
the record date of such dividend is prior to the earlier of the date the Performance Units (i) are converted into 
shares of Common Stock or (ii) terminate, the Participant shall receive a Dividend Equivalent Right equal to 
such normal dividend for each outstanding Performance Unit.  Any such Dividend Equivalent Rights shall be 
accumulated (without interest) and shall be subject to the same terms and conditions as are applicable to the 
Performance  Units  to  which  the  Dividend  Equivalent  Right  relates,  including,  without  limitation,  the 
restrictions  on  transfer,  forfeiture,  vesting  and  payment  provisions  contained  in  this Agreement.    Earned 
Dividend Equivalent Rights, if any, shall be paid either in cash or by issuance of a number of shares of Common 
Stock having a value equal to the amount of cash that would be paid if the Dividend Equivalent Rights were 
settled in cash, rounding down to the nearest whole share, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, 
with such payment or issuance of shares occurring on the date shares of Common Stock are issued in respect 
of the Earned Performance Units to which the Dividend Equivalent Rights relate.

Transferability.  The Performance Units and any right to receive shares of Common Stock and any related 
Dividend Equivalent Rights pursuant to this Award cannot be transferred, assigned, alienated, or otherwise 
encumbered in any manner other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. 

Stockholder Rights.  The Participant shall not have any privileges of a stockholder of the Company with respect 
to the Performance Units (including the right to vote and to receive dividends and other distributions paid with 
respect to shares of Common Stock) unless and until, and only to the extent, the Performance Units are settled 
by the issuance of shares of Common Stock to the Participant.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Participant 
shall be entitled to Dividend Equivalent Rights pursuant to Section 5.  

Changes in Capitalization.  The Performance Units shall be subject to the provisions of Article XII of the Plan 
relating to adjustments upon changes in Common Stock.  

No Right to Continued Employment.  Neither this Agreement nor the grant of the Performance Units shall 
give the Participant any rights with respect to continued employment by the Company or an Affiliate or interfere 
with the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate the Participant’s employment.

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

 
10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

Governing Law.  This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Maryland except to the extent 
that Maryland law would require the application of the laws of another State.

Conflicts.  In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Plan as in effect on the Date of Grant and 
this Agreement, the provisions of the Plan shall govern.  All references herein to the Plan shall mean the Plan 
as in effect on the Date of Grant.

Participant Bound by Plan.  The Participant hereby acknowledges that a copy of the Plan has been made 
available to the Participant and the Participant agrees to be bound by all the terms and provisions of the Plan.

Binding Effect.  Subject to the limitations stated above and in the Plan, this Agreement shall be binding upon 
the Participant and the Participant’s successors in interest and the Company and any successors of the Company.

Clawback Policy.  This Award, and any amounts earned hereunder shall be subject to any clawback or similar 
policy of the Company, as may be adopted from time to time.  

Section 409A.  It is intended that any amounts payable under this Performance Unit Award be exempt from 
the provisions of Section 409A and the Treasury Regulations relating thereto.  No amount shall be payable 
pursuant to a termination of the Participant’s employment unless such termination constitutes a separation 
from service under Section 409A.  To the extent any amounts payable upon the Participant’s separation from 
service are nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A, and if the Participant is at such time a 
specified employee under Section 409A, then to the extent required under Section 409A payment of such 
amounts shall be postponed until six (6) months following the date of the Participant’s separation from service 
(or until any earlier date of the Participant’s death), upon which date all such postponed amounts shall be paid 
to the Participant in a lump sum, and any remaining payments due shall be paid as otherwise provided herein.  
The determination of whether the Participant is a specified employee shall made by the Company in accordance 
with Section 409A.  Additionally, to the extent required under Section 409A, a Control Change Date shall not 
be deemed to have occurred unless the Change in Control also constitutes a “change in control event” described 
in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(5).

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the Participant have executed this Agreement effective as of 

the date first above written.

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES, INC.

By:  ____________________________________

Name:
Title:

PARTICIPANT

By:  ____________________________________

Name:
Title:

 
1. 

2. 

Performance Goal: Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) during the Performance Period.  

EXHIBIT A

Number of Performance Units Earned: The number of Performance Units earned under this Agreement will 
be based 
calculated as the quotient of (A) Ending Stock Price plus Dividends Paid and (B) Beginning Stock Price, 
minus one (1):

on Relative TSR.  TSR shall be expressed as a percentage, 

on Absolute TSR and 

TSR = ((Ending Stock Price + Dividends Paid)/Beginning Stock Price) - 1

(a) 

Absolute TSR: To determine the number of Performance Units earned based upon Absolute TSR, 
(such product, the “Target Absolute Award”).  
the Target Award shall first be multiplied by 
Following the determination of TSR, the amount of the Target Absolute Award earned shall be 
determined based on the following chart.  Interpolation shall be used in the event the percent does 
not fall directly on one of the percentages listed in the chart and in no event will the payout as a 
percent of the Target Absolute Award exceed 

Payout as a Percent of
Target Absolute Award

Absolute TSR

36% and above
30%
24%
Less than 24%

(b) 

(such product, the “Target Relative Award”).  To 

Relative TSR: To determine the number of Performance Units earned based upon Relative TSR, 
the Target Award shall first be multiplied by 
determine Relative TSR, the Index Companies will be ranked from highest TSR to lowest TSR 
(with the Index Company with the lowest TSR being ranked number 1, the Index Company with 
the second lowest TSR being ranked number 2 and so on) and determining the Company’s 
percentile rank based upon its position in the list by dividing the Company’s positon by the total 
number of Index Companies (including the Company) and rounding the quotient to the nearest 
hundredth.  For example, if the Company were ranked 108 on the list of 144 Index Companies, its 
 The number of Performance Units earned based upon Relative 
percentile rank would be 
TSR shall then be determined based upon the following chart.  Interpolation shall be used in the 
event the Company’s percentile rank does not fall directly on one of the ranks listed in the chart 
and in no event will the payout as a percent of Target Relative Awards exceed 

Relative TSR

75th Percentile
62½th Percentile
50th Percentile
Below 50th Percentile

Payout as a Percent of
Target Relative Award

 
(c) 

Earned Performance Units.  The total number of Performance Units earned is determined by 
adding the Performance Units earned based upon Absolute TSR and the Performance Units earned 
based upon Relative TSR (such total, the “Earned Performance Units”).

3. 

Definitions 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

“Beginning Stock Price” shall mean the average trailing closing price of a share of Common Stock 
or a share of Index Company stock, as the case may be, for the five (5) trading days immediately 
prior to the first day of the Performance Period. 

“Ending Stock Price” shall mean the highest average trailing closing price during any 30 
consecutive trading days of a share of Common Stock or a share of Index Company stock, as the 
case may be, during the final ninety (90) days of the Performance Period.  

“Dividends Paid” shall include all dividends and distributions made and declared, assuming such 
dividends and distributions are deemed to have been reinvested in additional shares of Common 
Stock or additional shares of an Index Company, as applicable. 

“Index Companies” means the constituent companies of the MSCI US REIT Index on the first day 
of the Performance Period; provided, however, that any such company the shares of which are not 
readily tradable on a national securities market as of the last day of the Performance Period shall 
not be included in the Index Companies. 

 
Exhibit 21.1 

List of Subsidiaries of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.   

Name
A/H Harrisonburg Regal L.L.C.
A/H North Pointe, Inc.
AH Columbus II, L.L.C.
AH Durham Apartments, L.L.C.
AH Greentree, L.L.C.
AH Richmond Tower I, L.L.C.
AH Sandbridge, L.L.C.
AH Southeast Commerce Center, L.L.C.
AHP Acquisitions, LLC
AHP Asset Services, LLC
AHP Construction, LLC
AHP Development, LLC
AHP Holding, Inc.
AHP Tenant Services, LLC
Alexander Pointe Salisbury, LLC
Armada Hoffler Manager, LLC
Armada Hoffler, L.P.
Armada/Hoffler Block 8 Associates, L.L.C.
Armada/Hoffler Charleston Associates, L.P.
Armada/Hoffler Tower 4, L.L.C.
Bermuda Shopping Center, L.L.C.
Block 11 Manager, LLC
Broad Creek PH. I, L.L.C.
Broad Creek PH. II, L.L.C.
Broad Creek PH. III, L.L.C.
Broadmoor Plaza Indiana, LLC
BSE/AH Blacksburg Apartments, LLC
Columbus Tower, L.L.C.
Columbus Town Center, LLC
Columbus Town Center II, LLC
Courthouse Marketplace Outparcels, L.L.C.
Courthouse Office Building, LLC
Dimmock Square Marketplace, LLC
Durham City Center II, LLC
FBJ Investors, Inc.
Ferrell Parkway Associates, L.L.C.
Gateway Centre, L.L.C.
Greenbrier Ocean Partners, LLC
Greenbrier Ocean Partners II, LLC
Greenbrier Technology Center II Associates, L.L.C.
Hanbury Village II, L.L.C.
Harding Place Residential Partners, LLC
Harper Hill North Carolina, LLC

1

Place of Organization
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
North Carolina
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia

Name
Hoffler and Associates EAT, LLC
Hopkins Village, L.L.C.
HT Tyre Neck, L.L.C.
Lightfoot Marketplace Shopping Center, LLC
New Armada Hoffler Properties I, LLC
New Armada Hoffler Properties II, LLC
North Hampton Market South Carolina, LLC
North Point Development Associates, L.L.C.
North Point Development Associates, L.P.
North Pointe Outparcels, L.L.C.
North Pointe PH. 1 Limited Partnership
North Pointe VW4, L.L.C.
North Pointe-CGL, L.L.C.
Oakland Marketplace Tennessee, LLC
Oyster Point Office Building, LLC
Patterson Place Durham, LLC
Perry Hall Maryland, LLC
Providence Plaza Charlotte, LLC
Renaissance Charlotte, LLC
Socastee Myrtle Beach, LLC
Southgate Square Virginia, LLC
Southshore Pointe, LLC
South Square Durham, LLC
Southeast Commerce Center Associates, LLC
Stone House Maryland, LLC
TCA 9 Plaza, LLC
TCA 10 GP, LLC
TCA Block 11 Apartments, LLC
TCA Block 11 Office, LLC
TCA Block 4 Retail, L.L.C.
TCA Block 6, L.L.C.
Tower Manager, LLC
Town Center Associates, LLC
Town Center Associates 7, L.L.C.
Town Center Associates 9, LLC
Town Center Associates 12, L.L.C.
Town Center Block 10 Apartments, L.P.
Washington Avenue Apartments, L.L.C.
Waynesboro Commons Virginia, LLC
Wendover Village Greensboro, LLC
Williamsburg Medical Building, LLC

2

Place of Organization
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following:

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

(1)  Registration Statement (Form S-8 No.333-188545) pertaining to the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan of Armada Hoffler 

Properties, Inc., and  

(2)  Registration Statements (Forms S-3 No. 333-196473, 333-204063, and 333-214176) of Armada Hoffler Properties, 

Inc.; 

of our report dated March 1, 2017, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Armada Hoffler 
Properties, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Exhibit 23.1

McLean, Virginia
March 1, 2017

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 
EXHIBIT 31.1

I, Louis S. Haddad, certify that:

SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 302(a) CERTIFICATION

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 

present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report.

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 

during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting.

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 

financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 

in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  March 1, 2017

/s/ Louis S. Haddad 

Louis S. Haddad
President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
SARBANES-OXLEY SECTION 302(a) CERTIFICATION

I, Michael P. O'Hara, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

EXHIBIT 31.2

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 

present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report.

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 

during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting.

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 

financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 

in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  March 1, 2017

/s/ Michael P. O'Hara

Michael P. O'Hara
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of Armada Hoffler Properties Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
December 31, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Louis S. 
Haddad, President and Chief Executive Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, in my capacity as an officer of the Company that, to my knowledge:

1.  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company.

Date:  March 1, 2017

/s/ Louis S. Haddad 

Louis S. Haddad
President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of Armada Hoffler Properties Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
December 31, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael P. 
O'Hara, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, in my capacity as an officer of the Company that, to my knowledge:

1.  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company.

Date:  March 1, 2017

/s/ Michael P. O'Hara

Michael P. O'Hara
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 
 
 
 
  CORPORATE INFORMATION   

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

DANIEL A. HOFFLER

A. RUSSELL KIRK

LOUIS S. HADDAD

Executive Chairman of the Board

Vice Chairman of the Board

President and Chief Executive Officer

JOHN W. SNOW

Lead Independent Director

JAMES C. CHERRY

Independent Director

GEORGE F. ALLEN

Independent Director

EVA S. HARDY

Independent Director

JAMES A. CARROLL

Independent Director

EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

LOUIS S. HADDAD

MICHAEL P. O’HARA

ERIC L. SMITH

President and Chief Executive Officer

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Chief Investment Officer

ERIC E. APPERSON

President of Construction

SHELLY R. HAMPTON

President of Asset Management

TRANSFER AGENT

Broadridge
2 Journal Square, 7th Floor
Jersey City, NJ 07306
201.714.3800

INVESTOR SERVICES

If you have questions regarding security 
ownership or would like to request printed 
information, please contact Michael O’Hara 
at MOHara@ArmadaHoffler.com or call 
757.383.9338.

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

CORPORATE OFFICE

Armada Hoffler Properties
222 Central Park Avenue, Suite 2100
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
757.366.4000
www.ArmadaHoffler.com

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Ernst & Young LLP
The Edgeworth Building
2100 East Cary Street, Suite 201
Richmond, VA 23223
804.344.6000

Annual Report Design by Curran & Connors, Inc. / www.curran-connors.com

ARMADA HOFFLER PROPERTIES
222 Central Park Avenue, Suite 2100  |  Virginia Beach, VA 23462  |  757.366.4000
www.ArmadaHoffler.com