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AutoNation

an · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker an
Exchange NYSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Auto - Dealerships
Employees 10,000+
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FY2015 Annual Report · AutoNation
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2 0 1 5

ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AUTONATION HEADQUARTERS

200 SW 1st Ave

Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301

Telephone: (954) 769-6000

www.AutoNation.com

INVESTOR CONTACT

Stockholders, securities analysts, portfolio managers, and 

representatives of financial institutions requesting copies of 

the Annual Report, Form 10-K, quarterly reports, and other 

corporate literature should call (954) 769-7342 or write 

AutoNation, Inc., Investor Relations, at the above address.

ANNUAL MEETING

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of AutoNation, Inc. will 

be held at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time, Thursday, May 12, 2016 at:

AutoNation Headquarters

200 SW 1st Ave, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301

Telephone: (954) 769-6000

COMMON STOCK INFORMATION

The Company’s common stock trades on the New York Stock 

Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “AN.”

At March 18, 2016, there were 1,698 stockholders of record.

TRANSFER AGENT

Computershare Investor Services

211 Quality Circle, Suite 210

College Station, TX 77845

(800) 689-5259 

http://www.computershare.com

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED  

PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

KPMG LLP, Fort Lauderdale, Florida

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements“ 

as defined under federal securities laws. Our forward-looking 

statements reflect our current expectations concerning 

future results, and they involve known and unknown risks, 

uncertainties, and other factors that are difficult to predict 

and may cause our actual results to be materially different 

from any future results expressed or implied by these 

statements. Risk factors that could cause actual results to be 

materially different are set forth in the “Risk Factors“ section 

and throughout our Form 10-K. We undertake no duty to 

update or revise our forward-looking statements, whether as 

a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Corporate Information

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Mike Jackson

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

Jonathan P. Ferrando

Executive Vice President – General Counsel,  

Corporate Development and Human Resources

William R. Berman

Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Cheryl Miller

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Robert J. Brown 1

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer,

B & C Associates, Inc.

Rick L. Burdick 2, 3

Partner, Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P.  

Tomago Collins 3

Vice President, Communications, 

Kroenke Sports & Entertainment

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,  

David B. Edelson 1, 4

Loews Corporation

Karen C. Francis 1

Executive Chairman,  

AcademixDirect, Inc.

Robert R. Grusky 1

Mike Jackson

AutoNation, Inc.

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President,

Kaveh Khosrowshahi 4

Partner and Managing Director, 

Allen & Company LLC

Michael Larson 2, 4, 5

Chief Investment Officer for William H. Gates III

G. Mike Mikan 2, 3, 4

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer,

SHOT–ROCK CAPITAL, LLC

Alison H. Rosenthal 1

Vice President, Strategic Partnerships,  

Wealthfront, Inc.

1 Member of Audit Committee

2Member of Compensation Committee

4Member of Finance Committee

5Lead Independent Director

3Member of Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee

www.AutoNation.com

For inquiries regarding address changes, stock transfers,  

lost shares, or other account matters, please contact:

Founder and Managing Member,  

Hope Capital Management, LLC

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________             

Commission File Number: 1-13107

AutoNation, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

200 SW 1st Ave
Fort Lauderdale, Florida

(Address of principal executive offices)

73-1105145

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

33301

(Zip Code)

(954) 769-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class                 

Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 Per Share

Name of each exchange on which registered

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 

during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing 
requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File 
required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such 
shorter period that the new registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to 
the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment 
to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. 

See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer  

Non-accelerated filer  

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  

    No  

As of June 30, 2015, the aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates was approximately $4.8 billion based on 
the closing price of the common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on such date (for the purpose of this calculation, the registrant assumed that each 
of its directors, executive officers, and greater than 10% stockholders was an affiliate of the registrant as of June 30, 2015).

As of February 8, 2016, the registrant had 107,224,827 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to its 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end 

of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 are incorporated herein by reference in Part III.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AUTONATION, INC.

FORM 10-K

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015 

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

INDEX

PART I

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities

Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

PART III

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

Page

1

10

17

17

18

18

19

21

22

54

55

94

94

94

95

95

95

95

96

97

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

General

PART I

AutoNation, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is the largest automotive retailer in the United States. As of December 31, 
2015, we owned and operated 342 new vehicle franchises from 254 stores located in the United States, predominantly in 
major metropolitan markets in the Sunbelt region. Our stores, which we believe include some of the most recognizable and 
well-known in our key markets, sell 35 different new vehicle brands. The core brands of new vehicles that we sell, 
representing approximately 95% of the new vehicles that we sold in 2015, are manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), 
Ford, Honda, Nissan, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, FCA US (formerly Chrysler), BMW, and Volkswagen (including 
Audi and Porsche).

We offer a diversified range of automotive products and services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, “parts and 
service,” which includes automotive repair and maintenance services as well as wholesale parts and collision businesses, 
and automotive “finance and insurance” products, which include vehicle service and other protection products, as well as 
the arranging of financing for vehicle purchases through third-party finance sources. The following charts present the 
contribution to total revenue and gross profit by each of new vehicle sales, used vehicle sales, parts and service, and 
finance and insurance in 2015.

REVENUE

New vehicle,
57.5%

Used vehicle,
22.9%

New vehicle,
20.6%

Other, 1.0%

GROSS PROFIT
Used vehicle,
10.8%

Parts and service,
14.8%

Other,
0.6%

Finance and
insurance, 4.2%

Finance and
insurance, 26.6%

Parts and service,
41.0%

We were incorporated in Delaware in 1991. For convenience, the terms “AutoNation,” “Company,” and “we” are used 
to refer collectively to AutoNation, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise required by the context. Our store operations 
are conducted by our subsidiaries. The term “digital channels” refers to our websites and mobile applications, including 
mobile phone and tablet applications.

Reportable Segments

As of December 31, 2015, we had three reportable segments: Domestic, Import, and Premium Luxury. These segments 

are comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell the following new vehicle brands:

Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Buick

Cadillac

Chevrolet
Chrysler

Dodge

Ford

GMC

Jeep
Lincoln

Ram

Nissan

Scion

Subaru
Toyota

Volkswagen

Volvo

Alfa Romeo

Audi

Bentley
BMW

Jaguar

Land Rover

Lexus

Maserati

Mercedes-Benz
Mini

Porsche

smart

Acura

Fiat

Honda
Hyundai

Infiniti

Mazda

Mitsubishi

1

The franchises in each segment also sell used vehicles, parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and 
automotive finance and insurance products. For the year ended December 31, 2015, Domestic revenue represented 34% of 
total revenue, Import revenue represented 34% of total revenue, and Premium Luxury revenue represented 32% of total 
revenue. For additional financial information regarding our three reportable segments, please refer to Note 19 of the Notes 
to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Except to the extent that differences among reportable segments are material to an understanding of our business taken 

as a whole, the description of our business in this report is presented on a consolidated basis.

Business Strategy

We seek to create long-term value for our stockholders by being the best-run, most profitable automotive retailer in the 

United States. We believe that the significant scale of our operations and the quality of our managerial talent allow us to 
achieve efficiencies in our key markets. To achieve and sustain operational excellence, we are pursuing the following 
strategies:

• 

Create an industry-leading automotive retail customer experience in our stores and through our digital channels. 

We seek to deliver a consistently superior customer experience by offering a large selection of inventory, 
customer-friendly, transparent sales and service processes, and competitive pricing. We believe that this will 
benefit us by encouraging our customers to bring their vehicles to our stores for all of their vehicle service, 
maintenance, and collision repair needs and also by driving repeat and referral vehicle sales business. 

We have invested and will continue to invest in the AutoNation retail brand with the goals of enhancing our strong 
customer satisfaction and expanding our market share. Our Domestic and Import stores are branded nationally 
under the AutoNation retail brand, which enables us to leverage our advertising efforts and digital channels to 
market our stores, new and used vehicle inventory, and parts and service business. 

We continue to make significant investments to build a seamless, end-to-end customer experience in our stores 
and through our digital channels, and to improve our ability to generate business through those channels. As part 
of our strategic initiatives, we are implementing “AutoNation Express,” which enables our customers to complete 
certain automotive retail- and service-related transactions through our digital channels and offers a more fully 
integrated in-store and digital customer experience while also increasing traffic to our digital channels. We have 
developed features such as selecting and reserving a vehicle with a guaranteed price, scheduling a test drive, 
calculating payments, receiving a firm purchase offer for a vehicle that a customer wants to sell, applying for 
financing options, arranging service appointments, and receiving updates on maintenance and repair services, 
most of which have been deployed to all of our markets as of December 31, 2015. Future capabilities are expected 
to include in-store tools to further our customers’ on-line experience and the ability for a customer to pay for 
maintenance and repair services online.

• 

Leverage our significant scale and cost structure to improve our operating efficiency. 

As the largest automotive retailer in the United States, we are uniquely positioned to leverage our significant scale 
so that we are able to achieve competitive operating margins by centralizing and streamlining various business 
processes. We strive to manage our new and used vehicle inventories so that our stores’ supply and mix of 
vehicles are in line with seasonal sales trends and also minimize our carrying costs. Additionally, we are able to 
improve financial controls and lower servicing costs by maintaining many key store-level accounting and 
administrative activities in our Shared Services Center located in Irving, Texas. Finally, we leverage our scale to 
reduce costs related to purchasing certain equipment, supplies, and services through national vendor relationships.

• 

Continue to build vehicle brand density in our core markets where we operate. 

We have retail operations in 15 states with a focus on major metropolitan areas, and we seek to offer all of our 
core vehicle brands within all of our key markets. We will continue to actively pursue acquisitions and new store 
opportunities that meet our return on investment threshold, with a focus on enhancing brand representation within 
our existing geographic footprint as well as additional markets that can be supported by our existing management 
infrastructure. 

2

Our business benefits from a well-diversified portfolio of automotive retail franchises. In 2015, approximately 37% of 

our segment income was generated by Premium Luxury franchises, approximately 33% by Domestic franchises, and 
approximately 30% by Import franchises. We believe that our business also benefits from diverse revenue streams 
generated by our new and used vehicle sales, parts and service business, and finance and insurance sales. Our higher-
margin parts and service business has historically been less sensitive to macroeconomic conditions as compared to new and 
used vehicle sales.

Our capital allocation strategy is focused on maximizing stockholder returns. We invest capital in our business to 

maintain and upgrade our existing facilities and to build new facilities for existing franchises, as well as for other strategic 
and technology initiatives. We also deploy capital opportunistically to repurchase our common stock and/or debt or to 
complete dealership acquisitions and/or build facilities for newly awarded franchises. Our capital allocation decisions are 
based on factors such as the expected rate of return on our investment, the market price of our common stock versus our 
view of its intrinsic value, the market price of our debt, the potential impact on our capital structure, our ability to complete 
dealership acquisitions that meet our market and vehicle brand criteria and return on investment threshold, and limitations 
set forth in our debt agreements. For additional information regarding our capital allocation, please refer to “Liquidity and 
Capital Resources – Capital Allocation” in Part II, Item 7 of this Form 

Operations

Each of our stores acquires new vehicles for retail sale either directly from the applicable automotive manufacturer or 

distributor or through dealer trades with other stores of the same franchise. We generally acquire used vehicles from 
customers, primarily through trade-ins, as well as through auctions, lease terminations, and other sources, and we generally 
recondition used vehicles acquired for retail sale in our parts and service departments. In 2015, we implemented a policy 
not to retail any new or used vehicle that has an open safety recall. Used vehicles that we do not sell at our stores generally 
are sold at wholesale prices through auctions. See also “Inventory Management” in Part II, Item 7 of this Form 10-K.

Our stores provide a wide range of vehicle maintenance, repair, and collision repair services, including manufacturer 

recall repairs and other warranty work that can be performed only at franchised dealerships and customer-pay service 
work. Our parts and service departments also provide reconditioning repair work for used vehicles acquired by our used 
vehicle departments and minor preparatory work for new vehicles acquired by our new vehicle departments. In addition to 
our retail business, we also have a wholesale parts operation, which sells automotive parts to both collision repair shops 
and independent vehicle repair providers.

We offer a wide variety of automotive finance and insurance products to our customers. We arrange for our customers to 

finance vehicles through installment loans or leases with third-party lenders, including the vehicle manufacturers’ and 
distributors’ captive finance subsidiaries, in exchange for a commission payable to us. We do not directly finance our 
customers’ vehicle leases or purchases, and our exposure to loss in connection with these financing arrangements generally 
is limited to the commissions that we receive. 

We also offer our customers various vehicle protection products, including an AutoNation-branded extended service 
contract (the AutoNation Vehicle Protection Plan) in our Domestic and Import stores and other extended service contracts, 
maintenance programs, guaranteed auto protection (known as “GAP,” this protection covers the shortfall between a 
customer’s loan balance and insurance payoff in the event of a casualty), “tire and wheel” protection, and theft protection 
products. These products are underwritten and administered by independent third parties, including the vehicle 
manufacturers’ and distributors’ captive finance subsidiaries. We primarily sell the products on a straight commission 
basis; however, we also participate in future underwriting profit for certain products pursuant to retrospective commission 
arrangements. See also “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Chargeback Reserve” in Part II, Item 7 of this 
Form 10-K.

3

As of December 31, 2015, we operated stores in the following states:

State
 Florida
 Texas
 California
 Colorado
 Arizona
 Washington
 Georgia
 Nevada
 Illinois
 Tennessee
 Ohio
 Alabama
 Minnesota
 Maryland
 Virginia
Total

Number of
Stores

Number of
Franchises

55
41
41
17
15
18
22
11
7
8
4
5
1
7
2
254

67
51
54
26
18
28
40
13
8
12
4
9
1
9
2
342

% of Total
     Revenue (1)
26
21
18
7
6
4
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
100

(1)  Revenue by state includes non-store activities, such as collision centers and an auction operation.

The following table sets forth information regarding new vehicle revenues and retail new vehicle unit sales for the year 

ended, and the number of franchises owned as of, December 31, 2015:

New Vehicle
Revenues
(in millions)

Retail
New Vehicle
Unit Sales

% of Total
  Retail New  
Vehicle
Units Sold

Franchises
Owned

Domestic:

Ford, Lincoln

Chevrolet, Buick, Cadillac, GMC

Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram

Domestic Total

Import:

Toyota

Honda

Nissan

Other Import

Import Total

Premium Luxury:

Mercedes-Benz

BMW

Lexus

Audi

Other Premium Luxury 

Premium Luxury Total

54,214

34,508

22,797

111,519

63,779

37,412

32,596

24,081

157,868

29,017

16,405

9,858

6,730

7,683

69,693

339,080

16.0

10.2

6.7

32.9

18.8

11.0

9.6

7.1

46.5

8.6

4.8

2.9

2.0

2.3

20.6

100.0

41

44

66

151

20

24

20

47

111

40

11

3

9

17

80

342

$

$

1,913.7

1,253.1

808.9

3,975.7

1,721.7

933.3

833.2

712.2

4,200.4

1,643.3

898.8

428.3

331.2

517.3

3,818.9

11,995.0

4

Agreements with Vehicle Manufacturers

Framework Agreements

We have entered into framework and related agreements with most major vehicle manufacturers and distributors. These 

agreements, which are in addition to the franchise agreements described below, contain provisions relating to our 
management, operation, advertising and marketing, and acquisition and ownership structure of automotive stores 
franchised by such manufacturers. These agreements contain certain requirements pertaining to our operating performance 
(with respect to matters such as sales volume, sales effectiveness, and customer satisfaction), which, if we do not satisfy, 
adversely impact our ability to make further acquisitions of such manufacturers’ stores or could result in us being 
compelled to take certain actions, such as divesting a significantly underperforming store, subject to applicable state 
franchise laws. Additionally, these agreements set limits (nationally, regionally, and in local markets) on the number of 
stores that we may acquire of the particular manufacturer and contain certain restrictions on our ability to name and brand 
our stores. Some of these framework agreements give the manufacturer or distributor the right to acquire at fair market 
value, or the right to compel us to sell, the automotive stores franchised by that manufacturer or distributor under specified 
circumstances in the event of a change in control of our Company (generally including certain material changes in the 
composition of our Board of Directors during a specified time period, the acquisition of 20% or more of the voting stock of 
our Company by another vehicle manufacturer or distributor, or the acquisition of 50% or more of our voting stock by a 
person, entity, or group not affiliated with a vehicle manufacturer or distributor) or other extraordinary corporate 
transactions such as a merger or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. In addition, we have granted certain 
manufacturers the right to acquire, at fair market value, our automotive dealerships franchised by such manufacturers in 
specified circumstances in the event of our default under certain of our debt agreements. 

Franchise Agreements

We operate each of our new vehicle stores under a franchise agreement with a vehicle manufacturer or distributor. The 
franchise agreements grant the franchised automotive store a non-exclusive right to sell the manufacturer’s or distributor’s 
brand of vehicles and offer related parts and service within a specified market area. These franchise agreements grant our 
stores the right to use the relevant manufacturer’s or distributor’s trademarks in connection with their operations, and they 
also impose numerous operational requirements and restrictions relating to inventory levels, working capital levels, the 
sales process, marketing and branding, showroom and service facilities, signage, personnel, changes in management, and 
monthly financial reporting, among other things. The contractual terms of our stores’ franchise agreements provide for 
various durations, ranging from one year to no expiration date, and in certain cases manufacturers have undertaken to 
renew such franchises upon expiration so long as the store is in compliance with the terms of the agreement. We generally 
expect our franchise agreements to survive for the foreseeable future and, when the agreements do not have indefinite 
terms, anticipate routine renewals of the agreements without substantial cost or modification. Our stores’ franchise 
agreements provide for termination of the agreement by the manufacturer or non-renewal for a variety of causes (including 
performance deficiencies in such areas as sales volume, sales effectiveness, and customer satisfaction). However, in 
general, the states in which we operate have automotive dealership franchise laws that provide that, notwithstanding the 
terms of any franchise agreement, it is unlawful for a manufacturer to terminate or not renew a franchise unless “good 
cause” exists. It generally is difficult, outside of bankruptcy, for a manufacturer to terminate, or not renew, a franchise 
under these laws, which were designed to protect dealers. In addition, in our experience and historically in the automotive 
retail industry, dealership franchise agreements are rarely involuntarily terminated or not renewed by the manufacturer 
outside of bankruptcy. From time to time, certain manufacturers assert sales and customer satisfaction performance 
deficiencies under the terms of our framework and franchise agreements. We generally work with these manufacturers to 
address the asserted performance issues. For additional information, please refer to the risk factor captioned “We are 
subject to restrictions imposed by, and significant influence from, vehicle manufacturers that may adversely impact our 
business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, including our ability to acquire additional 
stores” in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

Regulations

We operate in a highly regulated industry. A number of state and federal laws and regulations affect our business. In 
every state in which we operate, we must obtain various licenses in order to operate our businesses, including dealer, sales 
and finance, and insurance licenses issued by state regulatory authorities. Numerous laws and regulations govern our 
conduct of business, including those relating to our sales, operations, finance and insurance, advertising, and employment 

5

practices. These laws and regulations include state franchise laws and regulations, consumer protection laws, privacy laws, 
escheatment laws, anti-money laundering laws, and other extensive laws and regulations applicable to new and used motor 
vehicle dealers, as well as a variety of other laws and regulations. These laws also include federal and state wage and hour, 
anti-discrimination, and other employment practices laws. Furthermore, new laws and regulations, particularly at the 
federal level, may be enacted that could also affect our business. See the risk factor “Our operations are subject to 
extensive governmental laws and regulations. If we are found to be in purported violation of or subject to liabilities under 
any of these laws or regulations, or if new laws or regulations are enacted that adversely affect our operations, our 
business, operating results, and prospects could suffer” in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

Automotive and Other Laws and Regulations

Our operations are subject to the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 

Standards promulgated by the United States Department of Transportation, and the rules and regulations of various state 
motor vehicle regulatory agencies. The imported automobiles we purchase are subject to United States customs duties and, 
in the ordinary course of our business we may, from time to time, be subject to claims for duties, penalties, liquidated 
damages, or other charges.

Our financing activities with customers are subject to federal truth-in-lending, consumer leasing, and equal credit 
opportunity laws and regulations as well as state and local motor vehicle finance laws, leasing laws, installment finance 
laws, usury laws, and other installment sales and leasing laws and regulations, some of which regulate finance and other 
fees and charges that may be imposed or received in connection with motor vehicle retail installment sales and leasing. 
Claims arising out of actual or alleged violations of law may be asserted against us or our stores by individuals, a class of 
individuals, or governmental entities and may expose us to significant damages or other penalties, including revocation or 
suspension of our licenses to conduct store operations and fines.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), which was signed into law 
on July 21, 2010, established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”), a new independent federal agency 
funded by the United States Federal Reserve with broad regulatory powers and limited oversight from the United States 
Congress. Although automotive dealers are generally excluded, the Dodd-Frank Act could lead to additional, indirect 
regulation of automotive dealers, in particular, their sale and marketing of finance and insurance products, through its 
regulation of automotive finance companies and other financial institutions. In addition, the CFPB issued a rule, pursuant 
to its authority under the Dodd-Frank Act, expanding its supervisory authority with respect to certain non-bank lenders, 
including automotive finance companies, participating in automotive financing. The Dodd-Frank Act also provided the 
Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) with new and expanded authority regarding automotive dealers, and the FTC has 
implemented an enforcement initiative relating to the advertising practices of automotive dealers. See the risk factor “Our 
operations are subject to extensive governmental laws and regulations. If we are found to be in purported violation of or 
subject to liabilities under any of these laws or regulations, or if new laws or regulations are enacted that adversely affect 
our operations, our business, operating results, and prospects could suffer” in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

Environmental, Health, and Safety Laws and Regulations

Our operations involve the use, handling, storage, and contracting for recycling and/or disposal of materials such as 
motor oil and filters, transmission fluids, antifreeze, refrigerants, paints, thinners, batteries, cleaning products, lubricants, 
degreasing agents, tires, and fuel. Consequently, our business is subject to a complex variety of federal, state, and local 
requirements that regulate the environment and public health and safety.

Most of our stores utilize aboveground storage tanks, and to a lesser extent underground storage tanks, primarily for 
petroleum-based products. Storage tanks are subject to periodic testing, containment, upgrading, and removal under the 
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and its state law counterparts. Clean-up or other remedial action may be 
necessary in the event of leaks or other discharges from storage tanks or other sources. In addition, water quality protection 
programs under the federal Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the Clean Water Act), the Safe Drinking 
Water Act, and comparable state and local programs govern certain discharges from some of our operations. Similarly, 
certain air emissions from operations, such as auto body painting, may be subject to the federal Clean Air Act and related 
state and local laws. Certain health and safety standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health 
Administration of the United States Department of Labor and related state agencies also apply.

6

Some of our stores are parties to proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 

Liability Act, or CERCLA, typically in connection with materials that were sent to former recycling, treatment, and/or 
disposal facilities owned and operated by independent businesses. The remediation or clean-up of facilities where the 
release of a regulated hazardous substance occurred is required under CERCLA and other laws.

We have a proactive strategy related to environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations, which includes 
contracting with third-party vendors to inspect our facilities routinely in an effort to ensure compliance. We incur 
significant costs to comply with applicable environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations in the ordinary course of 
our business. We do not anticipate, however, that the costs of such compliance will have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition, although such outcome is possible given the nature of 
our operations and the extensive environmental, health, and safety regulatory framework. We do not have any material 
known environmental commitments or contingencies.

Competition

We operate in a highly competitive industry. We believe that the principal competitive factors in the automotive retail 

business are location, service, price, selection, and online and mobile offerings. Each of our markets includes a large 
number of well-capitalized competitors that have extensive automotive retail managerial experience and strong retail 
locations and facilities. According to industry sources, as of December 31, 2015, there were approximately 16,400 
franchised automotive dealerships, which sell both new and used vehicles, in the United States. In addition, we estimate 
that there were approximately twice as many independent used vehicle dealers in the United States. We face competition 
from (i) several public companies that operate numerous automotive retail stores on a regional or national basis, including 
franchised dealers that sell new and used vehicles as well as non-franchised dealers that sell only used vehicles, (ii) private 
companies that operate automotive retail stores in our markets, and (iii) online and mobile sales platforms. We compete 
with dealers that sell the same vehicle brands that we sell, as well as dealers and certain manufacturers that sell other 
vehicle brands that we do not represent in a particular market. Our new vehicle store competitors have franchise 
agreements with the various vehicle manufacturers and, as such, generally have access to new vehicles on the same terms 
as we have. We also compete with other dealers for qualified employees, particularly for general managers and sales and 
service personnel.

In general, the vehicle manufacturers have designated marketing and sales areas within which only one franchised 

dealer of a given vehicle brand may operate. Under most of our framework agreements with the vehicle manufacturers, our 
ability to acquire multiple dealers of a given vehicle brand within a particular market is limited. We are also restricted by 
various state franchise laws from relocating our stores or establishing new stores of a particular vehicle brand within any 
area that is served by another dealer of the same vehicle brand, and we generally need the manufacturer to approve the 
relocation or grant a new franchise in order to relocate or establish a store. However, to the extent that a market has 
multiple dealers of a particular vehicle brand, as most of our key markets do with respect to most vehicle brands we sell, 
we face significant intra-brand competition.

We also compete with independent automobile service shops and service center chains. We believe that the principal 

competitive factors in the parts and service business are price, location, expertise with the particular vehicle lines, and 
customer service. We also compete with a broad range of financial institutions in our finance and insurance business. We 
believe that the principal competitive factors in the finance and insurance business are product selection, convenience, 
price, contract terms, and the ability to finance vehicle protection and aftermarket products.

Insurance and Bonding

Our business exposes us to the risk of liabilities arising out of our operations. For example, liabilities may arise out of 
claims of employees, customers, or other third parties for personal injury or property damage occurring in the course of our 
operations. We could also be subject to fines and civil and criminal penalties in connection with alleged violations of 
federal and state laws or regulatory requirements.

The automotive retail business is also subject to substantial risk of property loss due to the significant concentration of 
property values at store locations. In our case in particular, our operations are concentrated in states and regions in which 
natural disasters and severe weather events (such as hail storms, hurricanes, earthquakes, fires, tornadoes, snow storms, 
and landslides) may subject us to substantial risk of property loss and operational disruption. Under self-insurance 

7

programs, we retain various levels of aggregate loss limits, per claim deductibles, and claims-handling expenses as part of 
our various insurance programs, including property and casualty, workers’ compensation, and employee medical benefits. 
Costs in excess of this retained risk per claim may be insured under various contracts with third-party insurance carriers. 
We estimate the ultimate costs of these retained insurance risks based on actuarial evaluation and historical claims 
experience, adjusted for current trends and changes in claims-handling procedures. The level of risk we retain may change 
in the future as insurance market conditions or other factors affecting the economics of our insurance purchasing change. 
Although we have, subject to certain limitations and exclusions, substantial insurance, we cannot assure you that we will 
not be exposed to uninsured or underinsured losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Provisions for retained losses and deductibles are made by charges to expense based upon periodic evaluations of the 
estimated ultimate liabilities on reported and unreported claims. The insurance companies that underwrite our insurance 
require that we secure certain of our obligations for deductible reimbursements with collateral. Our collateral requirements 
are set by the insurance companies and, to date, have been satisfied by posting surety bonds, letters of credit, and/or cash 
deposits. Our collateral requirements may change from time to time based on, among other things, our claims experience.

Employees

As of December 31, 2015, we employed approximately 26,000 full-time and part-time employees, approximately 250 of 

whom were covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that we have good relations with our employees.

Seasonality

In a stable environment, our operations generally experience higher volumes of vehicle unit sales in the second and 

third quarters of each year due in part to consumer buying trends and the introduction of new vehicle models. Also, 
demand for vehicles and light trucks is generally lower during the winter months than in other seasons, particularly in 
regions of the United States where stores may be subject to adverse winter conditions. However, we typically experience 
higher sales of Premium Luxury vehicles, which have higher average selling prices and gross profit per vehicle retailed, in 
the fourth quarter. Revenue and operating results may be impacted significantly from quarter to quarter by changing 
economic conditions, vehicle manufacturer incentive programs, and actual or threatened severe weather events. 

Trademarks

We own a number of registered service marks and trademarks, including, among other marks, AutoNation®. Pursuant to 
agreements with vehicle manufacturers, we have the right to use and display manufacturers’ trademarks, logos, and designs 
at our stores and in our advertising and promotional materials, subject to certain restrictions. We also have licenses 
pursuant to various agreements with third parties authorizing the use and display of the marks and/or logos of such third 
parties, subject to certain restrictions. The current registrations of our service marks and trademarks are effective for 
varying periods of time, which we may renew periodically, provided that we comply with all applicable laws.

8

Executive Officers of AutoNation

The following sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers as of February 8, 2016. Beneficial 
ownership includes shares that may be acquired through the exercise of outstanding stock options within 60 days of 
February 8, 2016, as well as shares of restricted stock.

Name
Mike Jackson

Age
67

Jonathan P. Ferrando

50

William R. Berman

Cheryl Miller

Donna Parlapiano

49

43

51

Position
Chairman of the Board, Chief
Executive Officer and
President

Executive Vice President -
General Counsel, Corporate
Development and Human
Resources

Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer

Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

Senior Vice President,
Franchise Operations and
Corporate Real Estate

Years with
AutoNation
16

Years in
Automotive
Industry
45

Number of 
Shares of
Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
1,322,471

19

16

8

17

19

28

17

29

534,140

34,723

44,264

32,287

Mike Jackson has served as our Chief Executive Officer and Director since September 1999, as our Chairman of the 

Board since January 2003, and as our President since February 2015. From October 1998 until September 1999, 
Mr. Jackson served as Chief Executive Officer of Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC, a North American operating unit of 
DaimlerChrysler AG, a multinational automotive manufacturing company. From April 1997 until September 1999, 
Mr. Jackson also served as President of Mercedes-Benz USA. From July 1990 until March 1997, Mr. Jackson served in 
various capacities at Mercedes-Benz USA, including as Executive Vice President immediately prior to his appointment as 
President of Mercedes-Benz USA. Mr. Jackson was also the managing partner from March 1979 to July 1990 of Euro 
Motorcars of Bethesda, Maryland, a regional group that owned and operated eleven automotive dealership franchises, 
including Mercedes-Benz and other brands of automobiles. In January 2014, Mr. Jackson was appointed to the Board of 
Directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, after previously serving on the Board of Directors of the Federal Reserve 
Bank of Atlanta’s Miami Branch. For 2015 and 2016, he was appointed as the Deputy Chair of the Board of Directors of 
the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.

Jonathan P. Ferrando has served as our Executive Vice President - General Counsel, Corporate Development and 

Human Resources since March 2011. Prior thereto, he served as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and 
Secretary from March 2005 until March 2011, and as the Company’s Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 
from January 2000 until March 2005. In addition to his role as General Counsel, Mr. Ferrando assumed responsibility for 
our human resources and labor relations functions in September 2004, and he assumed responsibility for our corporate 
development function in March 2011. Mr. Ferrando joined our Company in July 1996 and served in various capacities 
within our Company, including as Senior Vice President and General Counsel of our Automotive Retail Group from March 
1998 until January 2000. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Ferrando was a corporate attorney with Skadden, Arps, Slate, 
Meagher & Flom from 1991 until 1996.

William R. Berman has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since February 2015. Since 

1999, Mr. Berman has served in various leadership roles within the Company, including as Senior Vice President, Sales 
from October 2014 until February 2015, and as President of the Company’s Western Region, with responsibility for stores 
located in California, Washington, Nevada, and Arizona, from October 2008 through September 2014.

Cheryl Miller has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since March 2014. Prior thereto, 

Ms. Miller was appointed Interim Chief Financial Officer in January 2014, and she served as Treasurer, Vice President 
Investor Relations, a role she assumed in April 2010. From May 2009 to March 2010, Ms. Miller served as the Company’s 

9

Vice President, Treasurer. From November 2006 until April 2009, she served as Vice President, Treasurer of JM Family 
Enterprises, Inc., a diversified automotive company.

Donna Parlapiano has served as our Senior Vice President, Franchise Operations and Corporate Real Estate, since 

February 2015. In this role, Ms. Parlapiano is responsible for our franchise operations, real estate development, 
construction projects, and facilities maintenance. From November 2006 until January 2015, she served as our Senior Vice 
President, Franchise Operations, and in February 2015, she assumed responsibility for our corporate real estate function. 
Prior to joining AutoNation in 1998, Ms. Parlapiano held finance, marketing, and strategic management positions with 
Ford Motor Company.

Available Information

Our website is located at www.autonation.com, and our Investor Relations website is located at 

investors.autonation.com. The information on or accessible through our websites and social media channels is not 
incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on 
Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15
(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available, free of charge, on our Investor Relations website as 
soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (the “SEC”).

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, and the prevailing market price and 

performance of our common stock may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the matters discussed 
below. Certain statements and information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including without limitation 
statements regarding our strategic initiatives and expectations for the future performance of our franchises and the 
automotive retail industry, as well as other written or oral statements made from time to time by us or by our authorized 
executive officers on our behalf, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the 
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements 
other than statements of historical fact, including statements that describe our objectives, plans, or goals, are, or may be 
deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “goal,” “plan,” “believe,” 
“continue,” “may,” “will,” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-
looking statements. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events, 
and they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that are difficult to predict and may cause our 
actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or 
achievements expressed or implied by these statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this 
report or when made, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update these statements to reflect subsequent events or 
circumstances. The risks, uncertainties, and other factors that our stockholders and prospective investors should consider 
include the following:

The automotive retail industry is sensitive to changing economic conditions and various other factors. Our business and 
results of operations are substantially dependent on new vehicle sales levels in the United States and in our particular 
geographic markets and the level of gross profit margins that we can achieve on our sales of new vehicles, all of which 
are very difficult to predict. 

We believe that many factors affect sales of new vehicles and automotive retailers’ gross profit margins in the United 

States and in our particular geographic markets, including the economy, fuel prices, credit availability, interest rates, 
consumer confidence, consumer shopping preferences and the success of third-party online and mobile sales platforms, the 
level of personal discretionary spending, unemployment rates, the state of housing markets, vehicle production levels and 
capacity, auto emission and fuel economy standards, the rate of inflation, currency exchange rates, manufacturer incentives 
(and consumers’ reaction to such offers), intense industry competition, the prospects of war, other international conflicts or 
terrorist attacks, severe weather events, product quality, affordability and innovation, the number of consumers whose 
vehicle leases are expiring, the length of consumer loans on existing vehicles, and the rise of ride-sharing applications. 
Changes in interest rates can significantly impact industry new vehicle sales and vehicle affordability due to the direct 
relationship between interest rates and monthly loan payments, a critical factor for many vehicle buyers, and the impact 
interest rates have on customers’ borrowing capacity and disposable income. Sales of certain new vehicles, particularly 

10

larger trucks and sport utility vehicles that historically have provided us with higher gross profit per vehicle retailed, are 
sensitive to fuel prices and the level of construction activity. In addition, volatility in fuel prices can cause rapid shifts in 
consumer preferences which are difficult to accommodate given the long lead-time of inventory acquisition.  

Approximately 17.5 million, 16.5 million, and 15.6 million new vehicles were sold in the United States in 2015, 2014, 
and 2013, respectively. While we expect that the annual rate of U.S. new vehicle unit sales will remain above 17 million in 
2016, there can be no assurance that it will. If new vehicle production exceeds the new vehicle industry selling rate, our 
new vehicle gross profit per vehicle retailed could be adversely impacted by excess supply and any resulting changes in 
incentive, marketing, and other programs of vehicle manufacturers. See the risk factor “Our new vehicle sales are impacted 
by the incentive, marketing, and other programs of vehicle manufacturers” below. Further, our performance may differ 
from the performance of the automotive retail industry due to particular economic conditions and other factors in the 
geographic markets in which we operate. Economic conditions and the other factors described above may also materially 
adversely impact our sales of used vehicles, parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and automotive finance 
and insurance products.

Our new vehicle sales are impacted by the incentive, marketing, and other programs of vehicle manufacturers.  

Most vehicle manufacturers from time to time establish various incentive and marketing programs designed to spur 
consumer demand for their vehicles, particularly during periods of excess supply and/or in a flat or declining new vehicle 
market. These programs impact our operations, particularly our sales of new vehicles. Since these programs are often not 
announced in advance, they can be difficult to plan for when ordering inventory. In addition, these programs, in particular 
those involving volume-based incentives, can be difficult to manage and can materially impact vehicle pricing. 
Furthermore, manufacturers may modify and discontinue these incentive and marketing programs from time to time, which 
could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

We are dependent upon the success and continued financial viability of the vehicle manufacturers and distributors with 
which we hold franchises. 

The success of our stores is dependent on vehicle manufacturers in several key respects. First, we rely exclusively on the 

various vehicle manufacturers for our new vehicle inventory. Our ability to sell new vehicles is dependent on a vehicle 
manufacturer’s ability to produce and allocate to our stores an attractive, high-quality, and desirable product mix at the 
right time in order to satisfy customer demand. Second, manufacturers generally support their franchisees by providing 
direct financial assistance in various areas, including, among others, floorplan assistance and advertising assistance. Third, 
manufacturers provide product warranties and, in some cases, service contracts to customers. Our stores perform warranty 
and service contract work for vehicles under manufacturer product warranties and service contracts, and direct bill the 
manufacturer as opposed to invoicing the store customer. At any particular time, we have significant receivables from 
manufacturers for warranty and service work performed for customers. In addition, we rely on manufacturers to varying 
extents for original equipment manufactured replacement parts, training, product brochures and point of sale materials, and 
other items for our stores. Our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially adversely 
affected as a result of any event that has a material adverse effect on the vehicle manufacturers or distributors that are our 
primary franchisors.

The core brands of vehicles that we sell, representing approximately 95% of the new vehicles that we sold in 2015, are 

manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), Ford, Honda, Nissan, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, FCA US (formerly 
Chrysler), BMW, and Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). We are subject to a concentration of risk in the event of 
adverse events or financial distress, including bankruptcy, impacting one or more of these manufacturers. 

Vehicle manufacturers may be adversely impacted by economic downturns or recessions, significant declines in the 
sales of their new vehicles, natural disasters, increases in interest rates, adverse fluctuations in currency exchange rates, 
declines in their credit ratings, labor strikes or similar disruptions (including within their major suppliers), supply shortages 
or rising raw material costs, rising employee benefit costs, vehicle recall campaigns, adverse publicity that may reduce 
consumer demand for their products (including due to bankruptcy), product defects, litigation, poor product mix or 
unappealing vehicle design, governmental laws and regulations (including fuel economy requirements), import product 
restrictions, or other adverse events. These and other risks could materially adversely affect any manufacturer and impact 
its ability to profitably design, market, produce, or distribute new vehicles, which in turn could materially adversely affect 
our ability to obtain or finance our desired new vehicle inventories, our ability to take advantage of manufacturer financial 

11

assistance programs, our ability to collect in full or on a timely basis our manufacturer warranty and other receivables, and/
or our ability to obtain other goods and services provided by the impacted manufacturer. In addition, we have implemented 
a policy not to retail any new or used vehicle that has an open safety recall, and as a result, vehicle recall campaigns could 
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. 

Our business could be materially adversely impacted by the bankruptcy of a major vehicle manufacturer or related 
lender. For example, (i) a manufacturer in bankruptcy could attempt to terminate all or certain of our franchises, in which 
case we may not receive adequate compensation for our franchises, (ii) consumer demand for such manufacturer’s products 
could be materially adversely affected, (iii) a lender in bankruptcy could attempt to terminate our floorplan financing and 
demand repayment of any amounts outstanding, (iv) we may be unable to arrange financing for our customers for their 
vehicle purchases and leases through such lender, in which case we would be required to seek financing with alternate 
financing sources, which may be difficult to obtain on similar terms, if at all, (v) we may be unable to collect some or all of 
our significant receivables that are due from such manufacturer or lender, and we may be subject to preference claims 
relating to payments made by such manufacturer or lender prior to bankruptcy, and (vi) such manufacturer may be relieved 
of its indemnification obligations with respect to product liability claims. Additionally, any such bankruptcy may result in 
us being required to incur impairment charges with respect to the inventory, fixed assets, and intangible assets related to 
certain franchises, which could adversely impact our results of operations, financial condition, and our ability to remain in 
compliance with the financial ratios contained in our debt agreements. 

If we are not able to maintain and enhance our retail brands and reputation or to attract consumers to our own digital 
channels, or if events occur that damage our retail brands, reputation, or sales channels, our business and financial 
results may be harmed.

We believe that we have built an excellent reputation as an automotive retailer in the United States. During the first half 

of 2013, we transitioned our Domestic and Import stores to a unified AutoNation retail brand. We believe that our 
continued success will depend on our ability to maintain and enhance the value of our retail brands across all of our sales 
channels, including in the communities in which we operate, and to attract consumers to our own digital channels. 
Consumers are increasingly shopping for new and used vehicles, automotive repair and maintenance services, and other 
automotive products and services online and through mobile applications, including through third-party online and mobile 
sales platforms, with which we compete, that are designed to generate consumer sales leads that are sold to automotive 
dealers. If we fail to preserve the value of our retail brands, to maintain our reputation, or to attract consumers to our own 
digital channels, our business could be adversely impacted. An isolated business incident at a single store could materially 
adversely affect our other stores, retail brands, reputation, and sales channels, particularly if such incident results in adverse 
publicity, governmental investigations, or litigation. In addition, the growing use of social media by consumers increases 
the speed and extent that information and opinions can be shared, and negative posts or comments on social media about 
AutoNation or any of our stores could materially damage our retail brands, reputation, and sales channels. 

We have invested and will continue to invest substantial resources in marketing activities with the goals of, among other 

things, extending and enhancing the AutoNation retail brand, attracting consumers to our own digital channels, and 
reducing our use of third-party online and mobile sales platforms. There can be no assurance that our marketing strategies 
will be successful or that the amount we invest in marketing activities will result in improved financial results. If our 
marketing initiatives are not successful, we will have incurred significant expenses without the benefit of improved 
financial results.

New laws, regulations, or governmental policies regarding fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards, or 
changes to existing standards, may affect vehicle manufacturers’ ability to produce cost-effective vehicles or vehicles 
that consumers demand, which could adversely impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash 
flow, and prospects.

Vehicle manufacturers are subject to government-mandated fuel economy and greenhouse gas, or GHG, emission 
standards, which continue to change and become more stringent over time. In May 2010, the Environmental Protection 
Agency and the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration issued a joint final rule implementing harmonized 
federal standards for fuel economy and GHG emissions standards, which will substantially increase fuel economy 
requirements. These and other laws and regulations could materially adversely affect, particularly during periods when fuel 
prices are low, the ability of manufacturers to produce, and our ability to sell, vehicles in demand by consumers at 

12

affordable prices, which could materially adversely impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash 
flow, and prospects.

Natural disasters and adverse weather events can disrupt our business. 

Our stores are concentrated in states and regions in the United States, including primarily Florida, Texas, and California, 

in which actual or threatened natural disasters and severe weather events (such as hail storms, hurricanes, earthquakes, 
fires, tornadoes, snow storms, and landslides) may disrupt our store operations, which may adversely impact our business, 
results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. In addition to business interruption, the automotive retail business 
is subject to substantial risk of property loss due to the significant concentration of property values at store locations. We 
cannot assure you that we will not be exposed to uninsured or underinsured losses that could have a material adverse effect 
on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In addition, natural disasters may adversely 
impact new vehicle production and the global automotive supply chain, which in turn could materially adversely impact 
our business, results of operations, financial conditions, and cash flows.

We are subject to restrictions imposed by, and significant influence from, vehicle manufacturers that may adversely 
impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, including our ability to 
acquire additional stores. 

Vehicle manufacturers and distributors with whom we hold franchises have significant influence over the operations of 
our stores. The terms and conditions of our framework, franchise, and related agreements and the manufacturers’ interests 
and objectives may, in certain circumstances, conflict with our interests and objectives. For example, manufacturers can set 
performance standards with respect to sales volume, sales effectiveness, and customer satisfaction, and can influence our 
ability to acquire additional stores, the naming and marketing of our stores, the operations of our e-commerce sites, our 
selection of store management, product stocking and advertising spending levels, and the level at which we capitalize our 
stores. Manufacturers also impose minimum facility requirements that can require significant capital expenditures. 
Manufacturers may also have certain rights to restrict our ability to provide guaranties of our operating companies, pledges 
of the capital stock of our subsidiaries, and liens on our assets, which could adversely impact our ability to obtain financing 
for our business and operations on favorable terms or at desired levels. From time to time, we are precluded under 
agreements with certain manufacturers from acquiring additional franchises, or subject to other adverse actions, to the 
extent we are not meeting certain performance criteria at our existing stores (with respect to matters such as sales volume, 
sales effectiveness, and customer satisfaction) until our performance improves in accordance with the agreements, subject 
to applicable state franchise laws.

Manufacturers also have the right to establish new franchises or relocate existing franchises, subject to applicable state 

franchise laws. The establishment or relocation of franchises in our markets could have a material adverse effect on the 
financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects of our stores in the market in which the franchise action 
is taken.

Our framework, franchise, and related agreements also grant the manufacturer the right to terminate or compel us to sell 
our franchise for a variety of reasons (including uncured performance deficiencies, any unapproved change of ownership or 
management, or any unapproved transfer of franchise rights or impairment of financial standing or failure to meet capital 
requirements), subject to applicable state franchise laws. From time to time, certain major manufacturers assert sales and 
customer satisfaction performance deficiencies under the terms of our framework and franchise agreements. Additionally, 
our framework agreements contain restrictions regarding a change in control, which may be outside of our control. See 
“Agreements with Vehicle Manufacturers” in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-K. While we believe that we will be able to 
renew all of our franchise agreements, we cannot guarantee that all of our franchise agreements will be renewed or that the 
terms of the renewals will be favorable to us. We cannot assure you that our stores will be able to comply with 
manufacturers’ sales, customer satisfaction performance, facility, and other requirements in the future, which may affect 
our ability to acquire new stores or renew our franchise agreements, or subject us to other adverse actions, including 
termination or compelled sale of a franchise, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, 
results of operations, cash flows, and prospects. Furthermore, we rely on the protection of state franchise laws in the states 
in which we operate and if those laws are repealed or weakened, our framework, franchise, and related agreements may 
become more susceptible to termination, non-renewal, or renegotiation.

13

In addition, we have granted certain manufacturers the right to acquire, at fair market value, our automotive dealerships 
franchised by that manufacturer in specified circumstances in the event of our default under certain of our debt agreements.

We are subject to numerous legal and administrative proceedings, which, if the outcomes are adverse to us, could 
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects. 

We are involved, and will continue to be involved, in numerous legal proceedings arising out of the conduct of our 
business, including litigation with customers, wage and hour and other employment-related lawsuits, and actions brought 
by governmental authorities. Some of these lawsuits purport or may be determined to be class or collective actions and 
seek substantial damages or injunctive relief, or both, and some may remain unresolved for several years. We do not 
believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations, financial condition, cash flows, or prospects. However, the results of these matters cannot be predicted with 
certainty, and an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects.

Our operations are subject to extensive governmental laws and regulations. If we are found to be in purported violation 
of or subject to liabilities under any of these laws or regulations, or if new laws or regulations are enacted that adversely 
affect our operations, our business, operating results, and prospects could suffer. 

The automotive retail industry, including our facilities and operations, is subject to a wide range of federal, state, and 

local laws and regulations, such as those relating to motor vehicle sales, retail installment sales, leasing, finance and 
insurance, advertising, licensing, consumer protection, consumer privacy, escheatment, anti-money laundering, 
environmental, vehicle emissions and fuel economy, health and safety, and employment practices. With respect to motor 
vehicle sales, retail installment sales, leasing, finance and insurance, and advertising, we are subject to various laws and 
regulations, the violation of which could subject us to consumer class action or other lawsuits or governmental 
investigations and adverse publicity, in addition to administrative, civil, or criminal sanctions. With respect to employment 
practices, we are subject to various laws and regulations, including complex federal, state, and local wage and hour and 
anti-discrimination laws. We are also subject to lawsuits and governmental investigations alleging violations of these laws 
and regulations, including purported class action lawsuits, which could result in significant liability, fines, and penalties. 
See the risk factor “We are subject to numerous legal and administrative proceedings, which, if the outcomes are adverse to 
us, could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects” 
above. The violation of other laws and regulations to which we are subject also can result in administrative, civil, or 
criminal sanctions against us, which may include a cease and desist order against the subject operations or even revocation 
or suspension of our license to operate the subject business, as well as significant fines and penalties. We currently devote 
significant resources to comply with applicable federal, state, and local regulation of health, safety, environmental, zoning, 
and land use regulations, and we may need to spend additional time, effort, and money to keep our operations and existing 
or acquired facilities in compliance therewith. In addition, we may be subject to broad liabilities arising out of 
contamination at our currently and formerly owned or operated facilities, at locations to which hazardous substances were 
transported from such facilities, and at such locations related to entities formerly affiliated with us. Although for some such 
liabilities we believe we are entitled to indemnification from other entities, we cannot assure you that such entities will 
view their obligations as we do or will be able to satisfy them. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations or 
the unfavorable resolution of one or more lawsuits or governmental investigations may have an adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects.

The Dodd-Frank Act, which was signed into law on July 21, 2010, established the CFPB, a new independent federal 
agency funded by the United States Federal Reserve with broad regulatory powers and limited oversight from the United 
States Congress. Although automotive dealers are generally excluded, the Dodd-Frank Act could lead to additional, indirect 
regulation of automotive dealers, in particular, their sale and marketing of finance and insurance products, through its 
regulation of automotive finance companies and other financial institutions. In addition, the CFPB issued a rule, pursuant 
to its authority under the Dodd-Frank Act, expanding its supervisory authority with respect to certain non-bank lenders, 
including automotive finance companies, participating in automotive financing. The Dodd-Frank Act also provided the 
FTC with new and expanded authority regarding automotive dealers, and the FTC has implemented an enforcement 
initiative relating to the advertising practices of automotive dealers. 

In March 2013, the CFPB issued supervisory guidance highlighting its concern that the practice of automotive dealers 
being compensated for arranging customer financing through discretionary markup of wholesale rates offered by financial 

14

institutions (“dealer markup”) results in a significant risk of pricing disparity in violation of The Equal Credit Opportunity 
Act (“ECOA”). The CFPB recommended that financial institutions under its jurisdiction take steps to ensure compliance 
with the ECOA, which may include imposing controls on dealer markup, monitoring and addressing the effects of dealer 
markup policies, and eliminating dealer discretion to markup buy rates and fairly compensating dealers using a different 
mechanism. In response, certain financial institutions are conducting monitoring programs relating to dealer markups and 
may take further steps. In December 2013, the CFPB and the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) alleged that 
certain presumed-minority borrowers who had obtained automobile financing from a national lender were charged higher 
dealer markups as a result of such lender’s policy and practice of allowing dealer markup. In connection with the 
investigation, the lender consented to the issuance of a consent order and agreed to pay damages, to implement a 
compliance plan, and to pay a monetary penalty. In July 2015 and February 2016, the CFPB and the DOJ reached separate 
settlements with two large automotive finance companies, pursuant to which each lender agreed to implement a cap on 
dealer markup and pay certain damages. Each settlement allows the lender to pay additional non-discretionary 
compensation to dealers. Additional investigations and actions by the CFPB and the DOJ against automotive lenders are 
likely to occur in the future. Continued pressure from the CFPB, DOJ, and other federal agencies could lead to significant 
changes in the manner that dealers are compensated for arranging customer financing, and while it is difficult to predict 
how any such changes might impact us, any adverse changes could have a material adverse impact on our finance and 
insurance business and results of operations. 

Additionally, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which was signed into law on March 23, 2010, has 
increased our annual employee health care costs and cost of compliance, as well as compliance risks related to offering 
health care benefits.

Furthermore, new laws and regulations, particularly at the federal level, in other areas may be enacted, which could also 

materially adversely impact our business. The labor policy of the current administration could lead to increased 
unionization efforts, which could lead to higher labor costs, disrupt our store operations, and reduce our profitability. 

A failure of our information systems or any security breach or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information could 
have a material adverse effect on our business. 

Our business is dependent upon the efficient operation of our information systems. We rely on our information systems 

to manage, among other things, our sales, inventory, and service efforts, including through our digital channels, and 
customer information, as well as to prepare our consolidated financial and operating data. The failure of our information 
systems to perform as designed or the failure to maintain and enhance or protect the integrity of these systems could disrupt 
our business operations, impact sales and results of operations, expose us to customer or third-party claims, or result in 
adverse publicity. Additionally, we collect, process, and retain sensitive and confidential customer information in the 
normal course of our business. Despite the security measures we have in place and any additional measures we may 
implement in the future, our facilities and systems, and those of our third-party service providers, could experience security 
breaches, computer viruses, lost or misplaced data, programming errors, human errors, acts of vandalism, or other events. 
For example, several well-known retailers have disclosed high-profile security breaches, involving sophisticated and highly 
targeted attacks on their company’s infrastructure or their customers’ data, which were not recognized or detected until 
after such retailers had been affected notwithstanding the preventative measures such retailers had in place. Any security 
breach or event resulting in the misappropriation, loss, or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, 
whether by us directly or our third-party service providers, could damage our reputation, expose us to the risks of litigation 
and liability, disrupt our business, or otherwise affect our results of operations.

Our debt agreements contain certain financial ratios and other restrictions on our ability to conduct our business, and 
our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and operations and prevent us from 
fulfilling our debt service obligations. 

The credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility, our mortgage facility, and the indentures relating to our 
6.75% Senior Notes due 2018, 5.5% Senior Notes due 2020, 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021, and 4.5% Senior Notes due 
2025 contain covenants that limit the discretion of our management with respect to various business matters. These 
covenants place restrictions on, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, to create liens or other 
encumbrances, and to sell or otherwise dispose of assets and to merge or consolidate with other entities. A failure by us to 
comply with the obligations contained in any of our debt agreements could result in an event of default, which could permit 
acceleration of the related debt as well as acceleration of debt under other debt agreements that contain cross-acceleration 

15

or cross-default provisions. If any debt is accelerated, our liquid assets may not be sufficient to repay in full such 
indebtedness and our other indebtedness. Additionally, we have granted certain manufacturers the right to acquire, at fair 
market value, our automotive stores franchised by those manufacturers in specified circumstances in the event of our 
default under our debt agreements.

Under our credit agreement, we are required to remain in compliance with a maximum leverage ratio and a maximum 
capitalization ratio. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources — Restrictions and Covenants” in Part II, Item 7 of this Form 
10-K. If our earnings decline, we may be unable to comply with the financial ratios required by our credit agreement. In 
such case, we would seek an amendment or waiver of our credit agreement or consider other options, such as raising 
capital through an equity issuance to pay down debt, which could be dilutive to stockholders. There can be no assurance 
that our lenders would agree to an amendment or waiver of our credit agreement. In the event we obtain an amendment or 
waiver of our credit agreement, we would likely incur additional fees and higher interest expense.

As of December 31, 2015, we had $1.8 billion of total non-vehicle debt (including amounts outstanding under our 
mortgage facility and capital leases) and $3.7 billion of vehicle floorplan financing. Our substantial indebtedness could 
have important consequences. For example:

•  We may have difficulty satisfying our debt service obligations and, if we fail to comply with these requirements, 

an event of default could result;

•  We may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make required payments 

on indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of cash flow for working capital, capital expenditures, 
acquisitions, and other general corporate activities;

• 

• 

Covenants relating to our indebtedness may limit our ability to obtain financing for working capital, capital 
expenditures, acquisitions, and other general corporate activities;

Covenants relating to our indebtedness may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our 
business and the industry in which we operate;

•  We may be more vulnerable to the impact of economic downturns and adverse developments in our business;

•  We may be placed at a competitive disadvantage against any less leveraged competitors;

• 

• 

Our variable interest rate debt will fluctuate with changing market conditions and, accordingly, our interest 
expense will increase if interest rates rise; and

Future share repurchases may be limited by the maximum leverage ratio and/or maximum capitalization ratio 
described above.

The occurrence of any one of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, 

results of operations, prospects, and ability to satisfy our debt service obligations.

We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our vehicle floorplan payables, revolving credit facility, and 
commercial paper program that could have a material adverse effect on our profitability. 

Our vehicle floorplan payables and revolving credit facility are subject to variable interest rates, and the interest rate for 

our commercial paper notes varies based on duration and market conditions. Accordingly, our interest expense will 
fluctuate with changing market conditions and will increase if interest rates rise. In addition, our net new vehicle inventory 
carrying cost (new vehicle floorplan interest expense net of floorplan assistance that we receive from automotive 
manufacturers) may increase due to changes in interest rates, inventory levels, and manufacturer assistance. We cannot 
assure you that a significant increase in interest rates would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

16

Goodwill and other intangible assets comprise a significant portion of our total assets. We must test our goodwill and other 
intangible assets for impairment at least annually, which could result in a material, non-cash write-down of goodwill or 
franchise rights and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and shareholders’ equity. 

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to impairment assessments at least annually (or more 
frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred) by applying a fair-
value based test. Our principal intangible assets are goodwill and our rights under our franchise agreements with vehicle 
manufacturers. A decrease in our market capitalization or profitability increases the risk of goodwill impairment. Negative 
or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenues for our stores increases the risk of franchise rights 
impairment. An impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and shareholders’ equity. 
During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) associated with franchise 
rights recorded at our Volkswagen stores. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
information.

Our largest stockholders, as a result of their ownership stakes in us, may have the ability to exert substantial influence 
over actions to be taken or approved by our stockholders or Board of Directors. In addition, future share repurchases 
and fluctuations in the levels of ownership of our largest stockholders could impact the volume of trading, liquidity, and 
market price of our common stock. 

Based on filings made with the SEC through February 9, 2016, William H. Gates III beneficially owns approximately 
18% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, through holdings by Cascade Investment, L.L.C. (“Cascade”), which 
is solely owned by Mr. Gates, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust (the “Trust”), of which he is a co-trustee. As 
a result, Cascade and the Trust may have the ability to exert substantial influence over actions to be taken or approved by 
our stockholders, including the election of directors and any transactions involving a change of control. In addition, 
Michael Larson, the chief investment officer for William H. Gates III and Business Manager for Cascade, serves as our 
lead independent director. Cascade and the Trust, therefore, may also have the ability to exert substantial influence over 
actions to be taken or approved by our Board.

Based on filings made with the SEC through February 9, 2016, ESL Investments, Inc. together with certain of its 

investment affiliates (collectively, “ESL”) beneficially owns approximately 17% of the outstanding shares of our common 
stock. As a result, ESL may also have the ability to exert substantial influence over actions to be taken or approved by our 
stockholders, including the election of directors and any transactions involving a change of control.

In the future, our largest stockholders may acquire or dispose of shares of our common stock and thereby increase or 
decrease their ownership stake in us. Based on filings made with the SEC through February 9, 2016, since January 1, 2015, 
ESL has disposed of approximately 4.9 million shares of our common stock. Significant fluctuations in the levels of 
ownership of our largest stockholders could impact the volume of trading, liquidity, and market price of our common stock.

In the aggregate, based on filings made with the SEC through February 9, 2016, ESL, Cascade, the Trust, our executive 
officers, and our directors beneficially own approximately 36% of our outstanding shares. Future share repurchases by the 
Company, together with any future share purchases by our affiliates, will reduce our “public float” (shares owned by non-
affiliate stockholders and available for trading). Such reduction in our public float could decrease the volume of trading and 
liquidity of our common stock, could lead to increased volatility in the market price of our common stock, or could 
adversely impact the market price of our common stock.

ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES

We lease our current corporate headquarters facility in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, pursuant to a lease expiring on 
December 31, 2020. We also own or lease numerous facilities relating to our operations under each of our reportable 
segments. These facilities are located in the following 15 states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, 
Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota, Nevada, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and Washington. These facilities consist 
primarily of automobile showrooms, display lots, service facilities, collision repair centers, supply facilities, automobile 

17

storage lots, parking lots, and offices. We believe that our facilities are sufficient for our current needs and are in good 
condition in all material respects.

ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved and will continue to be involved in numerous legal proceedings arising out of the conduct of our 

business, including litigation with customers, employment-related lawsuits, and actions brought by governmental 
authorities. Some of these lawsuits purport or may be determined to be class or collective actions and seek substantial 
damages or injunctive relief, or both, and some may remain unresolved for several years. We do not believe that the 
ultimate resolution of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial 
condition, or cash flows. However, the results of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, and an unfavorable 
resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, 
financial condition, cash flow, and prospects.

ITEM 4.   MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

18

PART II

ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information, Holders, and Dividends

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AN.” The following table sets forth 

the high and low sales prices of our common stock for the periods indicated.

2015

Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

2014

Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

High    

Low    

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

65.51
66.63
67.50
65.00

61.42
61.29
59.71
54.14

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

55.95
53.73
61.19
55.91

46.16
48.90
51.79
46.38

As of February 8, 2016, there were 1,701 holders of record of our common stock. A substantially greater number of 
holders of our common stock are “street name” or beneficial holders, whose shares are held of record by banks, brokers, 
and other financial institutions.

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock during our two most recent fiscal years. We do 

not currently anticipate paying cash dividends for the foreseeable future.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The table below sets forth information with respect to shares of common stock repurchased by AutoNation, Inc. during 

2015.

Period

October 1, 2015 – October 31, 2015

November 1, 2015 – November 30, 2015

December 1, 2015 – December 31, 2015

Total for three months ended

December 31, 2015

Total for twelve months ended

December 31, 2015

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased

Average
Price Paid
Per Share

432,300

285

$

$

— $

60.15

63.50

—

432,585

3,922,856

Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs (1)

Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares That May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs
    (in millions) (1)

295.6

295.6

295.6

432,300

$

— $

— $

432,300

3,886,144

(1)  Our Board of Directors from time to time authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock up to a certain 

monetary limit. As of December 31, 2015, $295.6 million remained available under our stock repurchase limit most 
recently authorized by our Board of Directors. Our stock repurchase program does not have an expiration date. In 
2015, all of our shares were repurchased under our stock repurchase program, except for 36,712 shares that were 
surrendered to AutoNation to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock 
(8,999 shares in the first quarter of 2015, 26,928 shares in the second quarter of 2015, 500 shares in the third quarter 
of 2015, and 285 shares in the fourth quarter of 2015). 

19

 
Stock Performance Graph

The following graph and table compare the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock from 

December 31, 2010 through December 31, 2015 with the performance of: (i) the Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Index and 
(ii) a self-constructed peer group consisting of other public companies in the automotive retail market, referred to as the 
“Public Auto Retail Peer Group.” The Public Auto Retail Peer Group consists of Asbury Automotive Group, Inc., CarMax, 
Inc., Group 1 Automotive, Inc., Lithia Motors, Inc., Penske Automotive Group, Inc., and Sonic Automotive, Inc., and these 
companies are weighted by market capitalization. We have created these comparisons using data supplied by Research 
Data Group, Inc. The comparisons reflected in the graph and table are not intended to forecast the future performance of 
our stock and may not be indicative of future performance. The graph and table assume that $100 was invested on 
December 31, 2010 in each of our common stock, the S&P 500 Index, and the Public Auto Retail Peer Group and that any 
dividends were reinvested.

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Return for AutoNation, Inc., the S&P 500 Index,
and the Public Auto Retail Peer Group

$300

$250

$200

$150

$100

$50

$0

12/10

12/11

12/12

12/13

12/14

12/15

AutoNation Inc.

S&P 500

Peer Group

Copyright© 2016 S&P, a division of McGraw-Hill Financial. All rights reserved.

AutoNation Inc.
S&P 500
Public Auto Retail Peer Group

12/10

100.00
100.00
100.00

12/11
130.74
102.11
104.22

12/12

12/13

12/14

12/15

140.78
118.45
138.54

176.21
156.82
188.53

214.22
178.29
245.70

211.56
180.75
213.21

20

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

You should read the following Selected Financial Data in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 

Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, and other 
financial information included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

(In millions, except per share data and unit sales)
Consolidated Statements of Income Data:

Revenue
Operating income less floorplan interest expense (1)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes

Net income
Basic earnings (loss) per share:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net income

Weighted average common shares outstanding

Diluted earnings (loss) per share:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net income

Weighted average common shares outstanding
Common shares outstanding, net of treasury stock

Consolidated Balance Sheets Data:

Total assets

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

Shareholders’ equity

Retail vehicle unit sales (continuing operations):

New vehicle

Used vehicle

Total

As of and for the Years Ended December 31,
2013

2014

2012

2011

2015

$ 20,862.0

$ 19,108.8

$ 17,517.6

$ 15,667.5

$ 13,832.3

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

814.8

722.7

442.6

3.94

$

$

$

$

767.5

682.3

418.7

3.58

$

$

$

$

686.9

604.4

374.9

3.10

$

$

$

$

599.8

516.8

316.4

2.56

$

$

$

$

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

3.93

$

3.57

$

3.09

$

2.56

$

112.7

117.3

121.3

123.8

3.90

$

3.53

$

3.05

$

2.52

$

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

(0.01) $

3.89

$

3.52

$

3.04

$

2.52

$

113.9

110.8

118.9

113.3

123.3

120.9

125.8

120.9

529.3

461.3

281.4

1.96

(0.02)

1.94

144.8

1.93

(0.02)

1.91

147.3

135.8

9,558.3

1,753.7

2,349.3

$

$

$

8,399.7

2,103.4

2,072.1

$

$

$

7,914.1

1,809.8

2,061.7

$

$

$

7,203.0

2,066.3

1,688.5

$

$

$

6,198.8

1,634.4

1,894.6

339,080

227,290

566,370

318,008

214,910

532,918

292,922

204,572

497,494

267,784

180,955

448,739

224,034

171,094

395,128

(1)  Operating income less floorplan interest expense is calculated by subtracting floorplan interest expense from 

operating income, and is used as a key measure of profitability by management. Operating income and floorplan 
interest expense are each presented in our financial statements. 

See the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for discussion of Shareholders’ Equity (Note 9), Income Taxes 
(Note 11), Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Note 12), Divestitures (Note 13), Acquisitions (Note 14), and Segment Information 
(Note 19), and the effect on comparability of year-to-year data. See Part II, Item 5 of this Form 10-K for a discussion of our 
dividend policy.

21

 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Part I, including matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” 
section of this Form 10-K, and our Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this 
Form 10-K.

Except to the extent that differences among reportable segments are material to an understanding of our business taken 

as a whole, we present the discussion in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations on a consolidated basis.

Overview

AutoNation, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is the largest automotive retailer in the United States. As of December 31, 
2015, we owned and operated 342 new vehicle franchises from 254 stores located in the United States, predominantly in 
major metropolitan markets in the Sunbelt region. Our stores, which we believe include some of the most recognizable and 
well known in our key markets, sell 35 different new vehicle brands. The core brands of new vehicles that we sell, 
representing approximately 95% of the new vehicles sold in 2015, are manufactured by Toyota (including Lexus), Ford, 
Honda, Nissan, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, FCA US (formerly Chrysler), BMW, and Volkswagen (including Audi 
and Porsche).

We offer a diversified range of automotive products and services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, “parts and 
service,” which includes automotive repair and maintenance services as well as wholesale parts and collision businesses, 
and automotive “finance and insurance” products, which include vehicle service and other protection products, as well as 
the arranging of financing for vehicle purchases through third-party finance sources. 

As of December 31, 2015, we had three reportable segments: Domestic, Import, and Premium Luxury. Our Domestic 
segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured by General Motors, Ford, and 
FCA US (formerly Chrysler). Our Import segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles 
manufactured primarily by Toyota, Honda, and Nissan. Our Premium Luxury segment is comprised of retail automotive 
franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Lexus, and Audi. The franchises in 
each segment also sell used vehicles, parts and automotive repair and maintenance services, and automotive finance and 
insurance products.

Market Conditions

Full-year U.S. industry new vehicle unit sales were 17.5 million in 2015, as compared to 16.5 million in 2014 and 
15.6 million in 2013. In 2015, new vehicle industry sales were driven in part by replacement demand. Based on industry 
data, the average age of cars and trucks in the United States is at a record high of 11.6 years compared to an average age of 
9.8 years during the period from 2002 to 2007. Attractive product offerings from manufacturers, continued access to 
affordable credit, and lower average fuel prices were also supportive of a strong unit sales environment.

While we anticipate that full-year U.S. industry new vehicle unit sales will remain above 17 million in 2016, we expect 

that in 2016 the industry selling rate will be relatively flat as compared to 2015. However, actual sales may materially 
differ. As discussed below in “Results of Operations,” in 2015, our new and used vehicle gross profit on a per vehicle 
retailed (“PVR”) basis were compressed due to higher inventory levels in certain vehicle models, changes in manufacturer 
incentive programs, and a competitive automotive retail environment. If new vehicle production exceeds the new vehicle 
industry selling rate in 2016, our new and used vehicle gross profit PVRs could continue to be adversely impacted by 
excess supply, as well as changes in incentive, marketing, and other programs put in place by the vehicle manufacturers.

After several years of decline, the number of recent-model-year vehicles in operation is growing due to increases in the 

annual rate of new vehicle sales in the United States since 2009. The growth in that portion of our service base, together 
with our customer retention efforts, has benefited the customer-pay service and warranty components of our parts and 
service business, and we believe that it will continue to benefit those components for the next several years. While the 
number of older vehicles in operation has declined in recent years and is expected to continue to decline over the next few 
years, we believe that overall our parts and service business will benefit from the mix shift in our service base toward 

22

newer vehicles. During 2015, the warranty component of our parts and service business also continued to benefit from 
elevated manufacturer recall activity. 

Results of Operations

We had net income from continuing operations of $443.7 million and diluted earnings per share of $3.90 in 2015, as 
compared to net income from continuing operations of $419.8 million and diluted earnings per share of $3.53 in 2014, and 
net income from continuing operations of $375.8 million and diluted earnings per share of $3.05 in 2013.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, new vehicle sales accounted for approximately 57% of our total revenue, and 
approximately 21% of our total gross profit. Used vehicle sales accounted for approximately 23% of our total revenue, and 
approximately 11% of our total gross profit. Our parts and service and finance and insurance operations, while comprising 
approximately 19% of total revenue, contributed approximately 68% of our gross profit.

Our retail new vehicle unit sales increased 7% in 2015, as compared to 2014. While attractive product offerings from 

manufacturers, continued access to affordable credit, and lower average fuel prices were supportive of a strong selling 
environment, higher inventory levels in certain vehicle models, changes in manufacturer incentive programs, and a 
competitive automotive retail environment adversely impacted new and used vehicle gross profit PVR, particularly in the 
Premium Luxury segment. New and used vehicle gross profit PVR compression was partially offset by continued strength 
in finance and insurance gross profit PVR. During the fourth quarter of 2015, our new and used vehicle gross profit PVRs 
each decreased more than $200, as compared to the same period in 2014, with declines in all three of our segments, but 
particularly in our Premium Luxury segment. 

As a percentage of total gross profit, selling, general, and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses in 2015 decreased slightly 

compared to 2014. However, due to gross profit pressure in the fourth quarter of 2015, SG&A as a percentage of gross 
profit did not benefit from the normal seasonal strength in Premium Luxury vehicle sales. We are taking steps to align our 
costs, inventory, and pricing in response to the current market conditions.

In September 2015, Volkswagen issued a stop-sale order on 2015 vehicles equipped with certain diesel engines that do 
not meet certain state and/or federal clean air standards and has also withdrawn its application to U.S. regulators to certify 
certain 2016 diesel engine vehicles. Volkswagen has not yet proposed a solution to fix the impacted vehicles that has been 
accepted by U.S. regulators. We owned seven Volkswagen stores with approximately 400 vehicles subject to the stop-sale 
order at December 31, 2015. New vehicle unit sales from our Volkswagen stores represented less than 1% of our total 
consolidated new vehicle unit sales for the year ended December 31, 2015. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements for more information regarding our Volkswagen franchises, including a discussion of non-cash 
impairment charges recorded to reduce the carrying values of the Volkswagen franchise rights to their estimated fair values.

Strategic Initiatives

We have invested and will continue to invest in the AutoNation retail brand with the goals of enhancing our customer 
satisfaction and expanding our market share. We continue to make significant investments to build a seamless, end-to-end 
customer experience in our stores and through our digital channels and to improve our ability to generate business through 
those channels. A portion of the expenses associated with these strategic initiatives have been and will be capitalized and 
amortized over future periods.

During 2015, we launched the sale of an AutoNation-branded extended service contract, the AutoNation Vehicle 

Protection Plan (the “AutoNation VPP”), in our Domestic and Import stores. We expect that finance and insurance revenue 
and gross profit will benefit from sales of the AutoNation VPP.

In 2015, we implemented a policy not to retail any new or used vehicle that has an open safety recall. We generally 
expect to receive the parts necessary to repair vehicles under an open safety recall within a short timeframe, and therefore 
do not expect our open safety recall policy to have a material adverse impact on the value of our used vehicle inventory. As 
noted below under “Inventory Management,” we record estimated losses on used vehicle inventory, and our open safety 
recall policy did not have a material impact on the amount recorded as of December 31, 2015.

23

Inventory Management

Our new and used vehicle inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We 

monitor our vehicle inventory levels closely based on current economic conditions and seasonal sales trends.

We have generally not experienced losses on the sale of new vehicle inventory, in part due to incentives provided by 

manufacturers to promote sales of new vehicles and our inventory management practices. We had 80,442 units in new 
vehicle inventory at December 31, 2015, and 67,424 units at December 31, 2014. See “New Vehicle Inventories” below for 
more information.

We recondition the majority of used vehicles acquired for retail sale in our parts and service departments and capitalize 

the related costs to the used vehicle inventory. Used vehicles that are not sold on a retail basis are generally liquidated at 
wholesale auctions. We record estimated losses on used vehicle inventory. Our used vehicle inventory balance was net of 
cumulative write-downs of $4.5 million at December 31, 2015, and $3.3 million at December 31, 2014.

Parts, accessories, and other inventory are carried at the lower of acquisition cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. 

We estimate the amount of potential obsolete inventory based upon past experience and market trends. Our parts, 
accessories, and other inventory balance was net of cumulative write-downs of $3.5 million at December 31, 2015, and 
$3.5 million at December 31, 2014.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We prepare our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States, which require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, 
the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of 
revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis and we base our 
estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable. Actual outcomes could differ 
materially from those estimates in a manner that could have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements. Set 
forth below are the policies and estimates that we have identified as critical to our business operations and an 
understanding of our results of operations, based on the high degree of judgment or complexity in their application.

Goodwill 

Goodwill for our Domestic, Import, and Premium Luxury reporting units is tested for impairment annually on April 30 

or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. 

Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to 

determine whether it was necessary to calculate the fair values of our reporting units under the two-step goodwill 
impairment test. We completed our qualitative assessment of potential goodwill impairment as of April 30, 2015, and we 
determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than their carrying 
amounts.

As of December 31, 2015, we have $203.1 million of goodwill related to the Domestic reporting unit, $570.9 million 

related to the Import reporting unit, and $620.5 million related to the Premium Luxury reporting unit. 

Other Intangible Assets

Our principal identifiable intangible assets are individual store rights under franchise agreements with vehicle 

manufacturers, which have indefinite lives and are tested for impairment annually on April 30 or more frequently when 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. 

Our franchise rights, which related to 46 stores and totaled $385.7 million at April 30, 2015, are evaluated for 
impairment on a franchise-by-franchise basis annually. Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative 
evaluation about the likelihood of franchise rights impairment to determine whether it was necessary to perform a 
quantitative impairment test. We completed our qualitative assessment of franchise rights impairment as of April 30, 2015. 
Based on our qualitative assessment, we determined that we should perform a quantitative test for franchise rights related 
to seven stores, and no impairment charges resulted from the quantitative test. 

24

The quantitative impairment test for franchise rights requires the comparison of the franchise rights’ estimated fair value 

to carrying value by store. Fair values of rights under franchise agreements are estimated using Level 3 inputs by 
discounting expected future cash flows of the store. The forecasted cash flows contain inherent uncertainties, including 
significant estimates and assumptions related to growth rates, margins, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, 
and cost of capital, for which we utilize certain market participant-based assumptions, using third-party industry 
projections, economic projections, and other marketplace data we believe to be reasonable. If, hypothetically, the fair value 
of each of the franchise rights for these seven stores had been determined to be 10% lower as of the valuation date, the 
resulting aggregate pre-tax impairment charge would have been approximately $2.5 million (approximately $1.5 million 
after-tax). The effect of a hypothetical 10% decrease in fair value estimates is not intended to provide a sensitivity analysis 
of every potential outcome.

As a result of the unresolved issues related to Volkswagen as noted above in “Market Conditions,” during the fourth 
quarter of 2015, we performed a quantitative impairment test of the franchise rights recorded at our Volkswagen stores. As 
a result of this test, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) to reduce the 
carrying values of the Volkswagen franchise rights to their estimated fair values. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements for more information.

Long-Lived Assets

We estimate the depreciable lives of our property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, and review them 
for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may be impaired. Such events 
or changes may include a significant decrease in market value, a significant change in the business climate in a particular 
market, a current expectation that more-likely-than-not a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly 
before the end of its previously estimated useful life, or a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with 
historical losses or projected future losses.

When evaluating potential impairment of long-lived assets held and used, we first compare the carrying amount of the 
asset group to the asset group’s estimated future undiscounted cash flows. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows 
are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, we then compare the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset 
group’s estimated fair value to determine if impairment exists. The fair value measurements for our long-lived assets held 
and used were based on Level 3 inputs, which considered information obtained from third-party real estate valuation 
sources. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our fair value 
measurements. We recognize an impairment loss if the amount of the asset group’s carrying amount exceeds the asset 
group’s estimated fair value. If we recognize an impairment loss, the adjusted carrying amount of the asset group becomes 
its new cost basis. For a depreciable long-lived asset, the new cost basis will be depreciated over the remaining useful life 
of that asset.

During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.1 million related to long-lived assets held and used in 
continuing operations. The non-cash impairment charges are included in Other Income, Net (within Operating Income) in 
our Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information. 

When property and equipment is identified as held for sale, we reclassify the held for sale assets to Other Current Assets 
and cease recording depreciation. We measure each long-lived asset or disposal group at the lower of its carrying amount or 
fair value less cost to sell and recognize a loss for any initial adjustment of the long-lived asset’s or disposal group’s 
carrying amount to fair value less cost to sell in the period the “held for sale” criteria are met. We periodically evaluate the 
carrying value of assets held for sale to determine if, based on market conditions, the values of these assets should be 
adjusted. Any subsequent change in the fair value less cost to sell (increase or decrease) of each asset held for sale is 
reported as an adjustment to its carrying amount, except that the adjusted carrying amount cannot exceed the carrying 
amount of the long-lived asset or disposal group at the time it was initially classified as held for sale. Such valuations 
include estimations of fair values and incremental direct costs to transact a sale. The fair value measurements for our long-
lived assets held for sale were based on Level 3 inputs, which considered information obtained from third-party real estate 
valuation sources, or, in certain cases, pending agreements to sell the related assets.

We had assets held for sale in continuing operations of $47.1 million at December 31, 2015, and $64.7 million at 
December 31, 2014. During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.0 million related to long-lived assets 
held for sale in continuing operations. These non-cash impairment charges are included in Other Income, Net (within 

25

Operating Income) in our Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our 
segment information. 

We had assets held for sale in discontinued operations of $22.3 million at December 31, 2015, and $23.2 million at 
December 31, 2014. During 2015, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $0.8 million related to long-lived assets 
held for sale in discontinued operations, which is included in Loss from Discontinued Operations in our Consolidated 
Statements of Income.

Our impairment loss calculations contain uncertainties because they require us to make assumptions and to apply 
judgment to estimate future undiscounted cash flows and asset fair values, including forecasting useful lives of the assets. 
Although we believe our property and equipment and assets held for sale are appropriately valued, the assumptions and 
estimates used may change and we may be required to record impairment charges to reduce the value of these assets.

Chargeback Reserve

Revenue on finance and insurance products represents commissions earned by us for: (i) loans and leases placed with 

financial institutions in connection with customer vehicle purchases financed, (ii) vehicle service contracts sold, and 
(iii) other vehicle protection products sold. We primarily sell these products on a straight commission basis; however, in 
certain cases, we also participate in the future underwriting profit on certain extended service contracts pursuant to 
retrospective commission arrangements, which are recognized as earned.

We may be charged back for commissions related to financing, vehicle service contracts, or other vehicle protection 
products in the event of early termination, default, or prepayment of the contracts by customers (“chargebacks”). However, 
our exposure to loss generally is limited to the commissions that we receive. These commissions are recorded at the time of 
the sale of the vehicles, net of an estimated liability for chargebacks.

We estimate our liability for chargebacks on an individual product basis using our historical chargeback experience, 
based primarily on cancellation data we receive from third parties that sell and administer these products. Our estimated 
liability for chargebacks totaled $97.3 million at December 31, 2015, and $84.9 million at December 31, 2014.

Chargebacks are influenced by the volume of vehicle sales in recent years and increases or decreases in early 

termination rates resulting from cancellation of vehicle service contracts and other vehicle protection products, defaults, 
refinancings, payoffs before maturity, and other factors. While we consider these factors in the estimation of our 
chargeback liability, actual events may differ from our estimates, which could result in an adjustment to our estimated 
liability for chargebacks. The increase in our liability for chargebacks is largely attributable to increases in vehicle unit 
volume and product penetration in recent years, as well as an overall increase in the cancellation rates of finance and 
insurance products. Our actual chargeback experience has not been materially different from our recorded estimates. A 10% 
change in our estimated cancellation rates would have changed our estimated liability for chargebacks at December 31, 
2015, by approximately $9.7 million.

See Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding chargeback liabilities.

Self-Insurance Reserves

Under our self-insurance programs, we retain various levels of aggregate loss limits, per claim deductibles, and claims-
handling expenses as part of our various insurance programs, including property and casualty, employee medical benefits, 
automobile, and workers’ compensation. Costs in excess of this retained risk per claim may be insured under various 
contracts with third-party insurance carriers. We review our claim and loss history on a periodic basis to assist in assessing 
our future liability. The ultimate costs of these retained insurance risks are estimated by management and by third-party 
actuarial evaluation of historical claims experience, adjusted for current trends and changes in claims-handling procedures. 
Our results could be materially impacted by claims and other expenses related to our self insurance programs if future 
occurrences and claims differ from these assumptions and historical trends. Self-insurance reserves totaled $74.8 million at 
December 31, 2015, and $71.4 million at December 31, 2014. Our actual loss experience has not been materially different 
from our recorded estimates.

26

Revenue Recognition

Revenue consists of the sales of new and used vehicles, sales of parts and services, commissions from finance and 
insurance products, and sales of other products. We recognize revenue in the period in which products are sold or services 
are provided. We recognize vehicle and finance and insurance revenue when a sales contract has been executed, the vehicle 
has been delivered, and payment has been received or financing has been arranged. Rebates, holdbacks, floorplan 
assistance, and certain other incentives received from manufacturers are recorded as a reduction of the cost of the vehicle 
and recognized into income upon the sale of the vehicle or when earned under a specific manufacturer program, whichever 
is later. See Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding revenue 
recognition.

Income Taxes

Estimates and judgments are used in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the 

recoverability of certain deferred tax assets. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is 
more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We regularly evaluate the 
recoverability of our deferred tax assets and provide valuation allowances to offset portions of deferred tax assets due to 
uncertainty surrounding the future realization of such deferred tax assets. Valuation allowances are based on historical 
taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences, and 
the implementation of tax-planning strategies. We adjust the valuation allowance in the period we determine it is more 
likely than not that deferred tax assets will or will not be realized. If a change in circumstances results in a change in our 
ability to realize our deferred tax assets, our tax provision would be adjusted in the period when the change in 
circumstances occurs.

Accounting for our income taxes also requires significant judgment in the evaluation of our uncertain tax positions and 

in the calculation of our provision for income taxes. Accounting standards prescribe a two-step approach to recognizing 
and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate available evidence to determine if it appears more likely 
than not that an uncertain tax position will be sustained on an audit by a taxing authority, based solely on the technical 
merits of the tax position. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely 
of being realized upon settling the uncertain tax position.

Although we believe we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions, the ultimate outcome of these tax 
matters may differ from our expectations. We adjust our reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the 
completion of a tax audit, expiration of a statute of limitations, the refinement of an estimate, and interest accruals 
associated with uncertain tax positions until they are resolved. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is 
different than the amounts recorded, such differences will impact the provision for income taxes in the period in which 
such determination is made.

Our future effective tax rates could be affected by changes in our deferred tax assets or liabilities, the valuation of our 

uncertain tax positions, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof.

27

Reported Operating Data

($ in millions, except per

vehicle data)

Revenue:

New vehicle
Retail used vehicle
Wholesale
Used vehicle
Finance and insurance, net
Total variable operations(1)
Parts and service
Other

Total revenue

Gross profit:

New vehicle
Retail used vehicle
Wholesale
Used vehicle
Finance and insurance
Total variable operations(1)
Parts and service
Other

Total gross profit

Selling, general, and

administrative expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Franchise rights impairment
Other income, net

Operating income

Non-operating income (expense)

items:
Floorplan interest expense
Other interest expense
Loss on debt extinguishment
Interest income
Other income (loss), net
Income from continuing

operations before income taxes $

2015

2014

$ 11,995.0
4,370.3
398.4
4,768.7
868.7
17,632.4
3,082.8
146.8
$ 20,862.0

$ 10,972.2
3,988.9
396.8
4,385.7
750.8
16,108.7
2,822.5
177.6
$ 19,108.8

$

$

$

$

$

673.1
358.4
(4.7)
353.7
868.7
1,895.5
1,338.0
28.0
3,261.5

2,263.5
127.4
15.4
(17.9)
873.1

(58.3)
(90.9)
—
0.1
(1.3)

650.1
363.2
(2.6)
360.6
750.8
1,761.5
1,196.6
30.6
2,988.7

2,079.6
106.9
—
(18.6)
820.8

(53.3)
(86.7)
(1.6)
0.2
2.9

722.7

$

682.3

$

Retail vehicle unit sales:

New vehicle
Used vehicle

Revenue per vehicle retailed:

New vehicle
Used vehicle

Gross profit per vehicle retailed:

New vehicle
Used vehicle
Finance and insurance
Total variable operations(2)

339,080
227,290
566,370

35,375
19,228

1,985
1,577
1,534
3,355

$
$

$
$
$
$

318,008
214,910
532,918

34,503
18,561

2,044
1,690
1,409
3,310

$
$

$
$
$
$

$
$

$
$
$
$

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

1,022.8
381.4
1.6
383.0
117.9
1,523.7
260.3
(30.8)
1,753.2

23.0
(4.8)
(2.1)
(6.9)
117.9
134.0
141.4
(2.6)
272.8

(183.9)
(20.5)
(15.4)
(0.7)
52.3

(5.0)
(4.2)
1.6
(0.1)
(4.2)

40.4

21,072
12,380
33,452

872
667

(59)
(113)
125
45

$

$

$

9.3
9.6
0.4
8.7
15.7
9.5
9.2

9.2

$ 9,949.6
3,697.9
429.5
4,127.4
674.0
14,751.0
2,597.4
169.2
$ 17,517.6

$

3.5
(1.3)

(1.9)
15.7
7.6
11.8

9.1

(8.8)

6.4

616.4
325.2
4.5
329.7
674.0
1,620.1
1,105.8
34.0
2,759.9

1,935.0
95.3
—
(10.7)
740.3

(53.4)
(88.3)
—
0.2
5.6

5.9

$

604.4

$

6.6
5.8
6.3

2.5
3.6

292,922
204,572
497,494

$
$

33,967
18,076

(2.9) $
(6.7) $
$
8.9
$
1.4

2,104
1,590
1,355
3,247

$
$

$
$
$
$

1,022.6
291.0
(32.7)
258.3
76.8
1,357.7
225.1
8.4
1,591.2

33.7
38.0
(7.1)
30.9
76.8
141.4
90.8
(3.4)
228.8

(144.6)
(11.6)
—
7.9
80.5

0.1
1.6
(1.6)
—
(2.7)

77.9

25,086
10,338
35,424

536
485

(60)
100
54
63

10.3
7.9
(7.6)
6.3
11.4
9.2
8.7

9.1

5.5
11.7

9.4
11.4
8.7
8.2

8.3

(7.5)

10.9

12.9

8.6
5.1
7.1

1.6
2.7

(2.9)
6.3
4.0
1.9

(1) Total variable operations includes new vehicle, used vehicle (retail and wholesale), and finance and insurance results.
(2) Total variable operations gross profit per vehicle retailed is calculated by dividing the sum of new vehicle, retail used vehicle, and 

finance and insurance gross profit by total retail vehicle unit sales.

28

 
 
 
 
Revenue mix percentages:

New vehicle

Used vehicle

Parts and service

Finance and insurance, net

Other

Total

Gross profit mix percentages:

New vehicle

Used vehicle

Parts and service

Finance and insurance

Other

Total

Operating items as a percentage of revenue:

Gross profit:

New vehicle

Used vehicle-retail

Parts and service

Total

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

Operating income

Other operating items as a percentage of total gross profit:

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

Operating income

Days supply:

New vehicle (industry standard of selling days)

Used vehicle (trailing calendar month days)

Years Ended December 31,    

2015 (%)

2014 (%)

2013 (%)

57.5

22.9

14.8

4.2

0.6

100.0

20.6

10.8

41.0

26.6

1.0

100.0

5.6

8.2

43.4

15.6

10.8

4.2

69.4

26.8

57.4

23.0

14.8

3.9

0.9

100.0

21.8

12.1

40.0

25.1

1.0

100.0

5.9

9.1

42.4

15.6

10.9

4.3

69.6

27.5

56.8

23.6

14.8

3.8

1.0

100.0

22.3

11.9

40.1

24.4

1.3

100.0

6.2

8.8

42.6

15.8

11.0

4.2

70.1

26.8

December 31,    

2015

2014

68 days

43 days

54 days

38 days

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
Same Store Operating Data

We have presented below our operating results on a same store basis to reflect our internal performance. The “Same 
Store” amounts presented below include the results of our stores for the identical months in each period presented in the 
comparison, commencing with the first full month in which the store was owned by us. For example, the results for a store 
acquired in February 2014 would be included only in our same store comparison of 2015 to 2014, not in our same store 
comparison of 2014 to 2013. Therefore, the amounts presented in the year 2014 column that is being compared to the year 
2015 column may differ from the amounts presented in the year 2014 column that is being compared to the year 2013 
column.

Years Ended December 31,

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2014

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$

$ 11,576.5
4,209.2
390.7
4,599.9

$ 10,885.3
3,957.8
395.0
4,352.8

691.2
251.4
(4.3)
247.1

6.3
6.4
(1.1)
5.7

$ 10,748.9
3,917.3
390.0
4,307.3

$ 9,911.8
3,684.3
427.0
4,111.3

846.1

745.6

100.5

13.5

738.1

671.8

($ in millions, except
per vehicle data)

Revenue:

New vehicle
Retail used vehicle
Wholesale
Used vehicle
Finance and

insurance, net

Total variable 
operations(1)
Parts and service
Other

Total revenue

Gross profit:

17,022.5
2,973.3
146.7
$ 20,142.5

15,983.7
2,793.1
176.3
$ 18,953.1

New vehicle
Retail used vehicle
Wholesale
Used vehicle
Finance and insurance
Total variable 
operations(1)
Parts and service
Other

Total gross profit

$

$

642.7
346.3
(4.7)
341.6
846.1

646.0
359.6
(2.2)
357.4
745.6

1,830.4
1,285.7
27.1
$ 3,143.2

1,749.0
1,182.5
30.2
$ 2,961.7

Retail vehicle unit

sales:

New vehicle
Used vehicle
Total

Revenue per vehicle

retailed:
New vehicle
Used vehicle

329,431
220,538
549,969

314,683
212,731
527,414

$ 35,141
$ 19,086

$ 34,591
$ 18,605

Gross profit per vehicle

retailed:
$
New vehicle
$
Used vehicle
Finance and insurance $
Total variable 
operations(2)

$

1,951
1,570
1,538

3,337

$
$
$

$

2,053
1,690
1,414

3,320

$

$

$

$
$

$
$
$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$
$
$

$

837.1
233.0
(37.0)
196.0

66.3

1,099.4
187.9
31.5
1,318.8

21.4
32.8
(7.1)
25.7
66.3

113.4
73.6
4.0
191.0

19,707
7,204
26,911

536
487

(65)
101
57

63

8.4
6.3
(8.7)
4.8

9.9

7.5
7.3

7.6

3.5
10.1

7.8
9.9

7.0
6.7

7.0

6.8
3.5
5.4

1.6
2.7

(3.1)
6.4
4.2

1.9

1,038.8
180.2
(29.6)
1,189.4

(3.3)
(13.3)
(2.5)
(15.8)
100.5

81.4
103.2
(3.1)
181.5

14,748
7,807
22,555

550
481

(102)
(120)
124

6.5
6.5

6.3

15,794.3
2,773.5
169.1
$ 18,736.9

14,694.9
2,585.6
137.6
$ 17,418.1

(0.5) $
(3.7)

(4.4)
13.5

$

635.7
356.1
(2.6)
353.5
738.1

614.3
323.3
4.5
327.8
671.8

4.7
8.7

6.1

4.7
3.7
4.3

1,727.3
1,174.3
29.8
$ 2,931.4

1,613.9
1,100.7
25.8
$ 2,740.4

311,128
210,702
521,830

291,421
203,498
494,919

1.6
2.6

$ 34,548
$ 18,592

$ 34,012
$ 18,105

(5.0) $
(7.1) $
$
8.8

2,043
1,690
1,414

$
$
$

$

2,108
1,589
1,357

3,252

17

0.5

$

3,315

(1) Total variable operations includes new vehicle, used vehicle (retail and wholesale), and finance and insurance results.
(2) Total variable operations gross profit per vehicle retailed is calculated by dividing the sum of new vehicle, retail used vehicle, and 

finance and insurance gross profit by total retail vehicle unit sales.

30

 
Revenue mix percentages:

New vehicle

Used vehicle

Parts and service

Finance and insurance, net

Other

Total

Gross profit mix percentages:

New vehicle

Used vehicle

Parts and service

Finance and insurance

Other

Total

Operating items as a percentage of revenue:

Gross profit:

New vehicle

Used vehicle-retail

Parts and service

Total

Years Ended December 31,    
2015 (%)

2014 (%)

Years Ended December 31,    
2014 (%)

2013 (%)

57.4

23.0

14.7

3.9

1.0

100.0

21.8

12.1

39.9

25.2
1.0

100.0

5.9

9.1

42.3

15.6

57.4

23.0

14.8

3.9

0.9

100.0

21.7

12.1

40.1

25.2
0.9

100.0

5.9

9.1

42.3

15.6

56.9

23.6

14.8

3.9

0.8

100.0

22.4

12.0

40.2

24.5
0.9

100.0

6.2

8.8

42.6

15.7

57.5

22.8

14.8

4.2

0.7

100.0

20.4

10.9

40.9

26.9
0.9

100.0

5.6

8.2

43.2

15.6

31

 
 
New Vehicle

($ in millions, except per vehicle

data)

Reported:

Revenue

Gross profit

Retail vehicle unit sales

Revenue per vehicle retailed

Gross profit per vehicle retailed

Gross profit as a percentage of

revenue

Days supply (industry standard of

selling days)

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

2014 vs. 2013

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$ 11,995.0

$ 10,972.2

$

$

$

673.1

339,080

35,375

1,985

$

$

$

650.1

318,008

34,503

2,044

$

$

$

$

1,022.8

23.0

21,072

872

(59)

5.6%

5.9%

68 days

54 days

9.3

3.5

6.6

2.5

$

$

$

9,949.6

616.4

292,922

33,967

(2.9) $

2,104

$

$

$

$

6.2%

1,022.6

33.7

25,086

536

(60)

10.3

5.5

8.6

1.6

(2.9)

Same Store:

Revenue

Gross profit

2015

2014

$ 11,576.5

$ 10,885.3

$

642.7

$

646.0

Retail vehicle unit sales

329,431

314,683

Revenue per vehicle retailed

$ 35,141

$ 34,591

Gross profit per vehicle retailed $

1,951

$

2,053

Gross profit as a percentage of

revenue

5.6%

5.9%

2015 compared to 2014 

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2014

2013

$

$

$

$

691.2

(3.3)

14,748

550

(102)

6.3

$ 10,748.9

$ 9,911.8

(0.5) $

635.7

$

614.3

4.7

1.6

311,128

291,421

$ 34,548

$ 34,012

(5.0) $

2,043

$

2,108

$

$

$

$

837.1

21.4

19,707

536

(65)

8.4

3.5

6.8

1.6

(3.1)

5.9%

6.2%

Same store new vehicle revenue increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, as a result of increases in same store unit 
volume and revenue PVR. The increase in same store unit volume was primarily due to replacement demand and improved 
market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and confidence. New product offerings from certain 
automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted same store unit volume.

Same store revenue PVR during 2015 benefited from an increase in the average selling prices for Domestic and Import 
vehicles, partially offset by a decrease in the average selling price for Premium Luxury vehicles. Same store revenue PVR 
also benefited from a shift in mix away from Import vehicles, which have relatively lower average selling prices. In 
addition, same store revenue PVR benefited from lower average fuel prices, which caused a shift in mix toward larger 
vehicles, such as trucks and sport utility vehicles, that have relatively higher average selling prices.

Same store gross profit PVR decreased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to decreases in gross profit 
PVR for vehicles at our Premium Luxury and Import stores due to increased inventory levels and changes in manufacturer 
incentive programs, as well as a competitive automotive retail environment. During the fourth quarter of 2015, we 
experienced greater compression in our new vehicle gross profit PVR due to these factors. See “Results of Operations” 
above. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Same store new vehicle revenue increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, as a result of increases in same store unit 
volume and revenue PVR. The increase in same store unit volume was primarily due to replacement demand and improved 

32

 
 
 
 
market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and improved consumer confidence as compared to the prior 
year. New product offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted same store unit volume.

Same store revenue PVR during 2014 benefited from an increase in the average selling prices for Domestic and 
Premium Luxury vehicles, partially offset by a decrease in the average selling price for Import vehicles. Same store 
revenue PVR also benefited from a shift in mix toward Premium Luxury vehicles, which have relatively higher average 
selling prices.

Same store gross profit PVR decreased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to a decrease in gross profit 

PVR for vehicles at our Import stores. This decrease was partially offset by a shift in mix toward Premium Luxury 
vehicles, which have a relatively higher average gross profit PVR. 

Net New Vehicle Inventory Carrying Benefit

The following table details net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit, consisting of new vehicle floorplan interest 
expense net of floorplan assistance earned (amounts received from manufacturers specifically to support store financing of 
new vehicle inventory). Floorplan assistance is accounted for as a component of new vehicle gross profit.

($ in millions)
Floorplan assistance

New vehicle floorplan interest expense

Net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit

2015

2014

Variance 2015
vs. 2014

2013

Variance 2014
vs. 2013

$

$

117.8

$

106.2

$

11.6

$

92.7

$

(55.3)

(50.6)

(4.7)

(51.2)

62.5

$

55.6

$

6.9

$

41.5

$

13.5

0.6

14.1

Years Ended December 31,

2015 compared to 2014 

The net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit increased in 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to an increase in 

floorplan assistance, partially offset by an increase in floorplan interest expense. Floorplan assistance increased due to 
higher new vehicle sales and an increase in the floorplan assistance rate per unit. Floorplan interest expense increased due 
to higher average vehicle floorplan payable balances during the year.

2014 compared to 2013

The net new vehicle inventory carrying benefit increased in 2014, as compared to 2013, due to an increase in floorplan 
assistance. Floorplan assistance increased due to higher new vehicle sales and an increase in the floorplan assistance rate 
per unit.

New Vehicle Inventories

Our new vehicle inventories were $2.9 billion or 68 days supply at December 31, 2015, as compared to new vehicle 

inventories of $2.3 billion or 54 days supply at December 31, 2014. We had 80,442 units in new vehicle inventory at 
December 31, 2015, and 67,424 units at December 31, 2014. The increase in new vehicle inventory days supply at 
December 31, 2015 is primarily due to increases in Premium Luxury and Domestic new vehicle inventory, due to changes 
in manufacturer incentive programs, as well as the acquisitions that occurred during 2015. We are taking steps to align our 
inventory in response to the current market conditions.

33

 
Used Vehicle

($ in millions, except per vehicle

data)

Reported:

Retail revenue

Wholesale revenue

Total revenue

Retail gross profit

Wholesale gross profit (loss)

Total gross profit

Retail vehicle unit sales

Revenue per vehicle retailed

Gross profit per vehicle retailed

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

2014 vs. 2013

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$ 4,370.3

$ 3,988.9

398.4

396.8

$ 4,768.7

$ 4,385.7

$

$

$

$

358.4

(4.7)

353.7

227,290

19,228

1,577

$

$

$

$

363.2

(2.6)

360.6

214,910

18,561

1,690

$

$

$

$

$

$

381.4

1.6

383.0

(4.8)

(2.1)

(6.9)

12,380

667

(113)

9.6

0.4

8.7

$ 3,697.9

429.5

$ 4,127.4

(1.3) $

325.2

4.5

(1.9) $

329.7

5.8

3.6

204,572

$

18,076

(6.7) $

1,590

$

$

$

$

$

$

8.8%

291.0

(32.7)

258.3

38.0

(7.1)

30.9

10,338

485

100

7.9

(7.6)

6.3

11.7

9.4

5.1

2.7

6.3

Gross profit as a percentage of retail

revenue

Days supply (trailing calendar month

days)

8.2%

9.1%

43 days

38 days

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2014

2013

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$

$

$

$

$

$

251.4

(4.3)

247.1

(13.3)

(2.5)

(15.8)

6.4

$ 3,917.3

$ 3,684.3

(1.1)

390.0

427.0

5.7

$ 4,307.3

$ 4,111.3

(3.7) $

356.1

$

323.3

(2.6)

4.5

(4.4) $

353.5

$

327.8

7,807

3.7

210,702

203,498

481

2.6

$

18,592

(120)

(7.1) $

1,690

$

$

18,105

1,589

$

$

$

$

$

$

233.0

(37.0)

196.0

32.8

(7.1)

25.7

7,204

487

101

6.3

(8.7)

4.8

10.1

7.8

3.5

2.7

6.4

2015

2014

Same Store:

Retail revenue

$ 4,209.2

$ 3,957.8

Wholesale revenue

390.7

395.0

Total revenue

$ 4,599.9

$ 4,352.8

Retail gross profit

$

346.3

Wholesale gross profit

(loss)

(4.7)

Total gross profit

$

341.6

Retail vehicle unit

sales

Revenue per vehicle

retailed

Gross profit per

vehicle retailed

Gross profit as

a percentage of
retail revenue

220,538

$

$

19,086

1,570

$

$

$

$

359.6

(2.2)

357.4

212,731

18,605

1,690

8.2%

9.1%

9.1%

8.8%

2015 compared to 2014 

Same store retail used vehicle revenue increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, due to increases in same store unit 

volume and revenue PVR. Same store unit volume was driven by an increase in sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, as 
well as an increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales.

Same store revenue PVR benefited from an increase in the average selling price of used vehicles at our Domestic, 
Import, and Premium Luxury stores, and an increase in sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, which have relatively higher 
average selling prices. 

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Same store gross profit PVR decreased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to compressed gross profit 
PVRs for certified pre-owned vehicles, particularly in our Premium Luxury segment. During the fourth quarter of 2015, we 
experienced greater compression in our used vehicle gross profit PVR, which was largely a result of gross profit PVR 
compression for new vehicles during the same period.

2014 compared to 2013 

Same store retail used vehicle revenue increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, due to increases in same store unit 
volume and revenue PVR. Same store unit volume benefited from an increase in sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, as 
well as an increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales.

Same store revenue PVR benefited from an increase in the average selling prices of used vehicles for all three segments, 

a shift in mix away from Import vehicles, which have relatively lower average selling prices, and an increase in sales of 
certified pre-owned vehicles, which have relatively higher average selling prices. 

Same store gross profit PVR increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, due to an increase in the gross profit PVR for 

vehicles at our Import and Premium Luxury stores and a shift in mix away from Import vehicles, which have a relatively 
lower average gross profit PVR. 

Used Vehicle Inventories

Used vehicle inventories were $539.7 million or 43 days supply at December 31, 2015, compared to $437.6 million or 
38 days supply at December 31, 2014. We had 36,299 units in used vehicle inventory at December 31, 2015, and 29,586 
units at December 31, 2014. The increase in used vehicle inventory days supply at December 31, 2015 is primarily due to 
our policy not to retail any used vehicle that has an open safety recall. As of December 31, 2015, approximately 17% of our 
units in used vehicle inventory were subject to our recall policy.

35

Parts & Service

Parts and service revenue is primarily derived from vehicle repairs paid directly by the customers or via reimbursement 

from manufacturers and others under warranty programs, as well as from wholesale parts sales and our collision 
businesses.

Years Ended December 31,
2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2013

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2015

2014

$ 3,082.8

$ 2,822.5

$ 1,338.0

$ 1,196.6

$

$

260.3

141.4

9.2

$ 2,597.4

11.8

$ 1,105.8

$

$

225.1

90.8

8.7

8.2

($ in millions)
Reported:

Revenue

Gross profit

Gross profit as a percentage

of revenue

43.4%

42.4%

42.6%

Same Store:

Revenue

2015

2014

$ 2,973.3

$ 2,793.1

Gross profit

$ 1,285.7

$ 1,182.5

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2014

2013

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

$

$

180.2

103.2

6.5

8.7

$ 2,773.5

$ 2,585.6

$ 1,174.3

$ 1,100.7

$

$

187.9

73.6

7.3

6.7

Gross profit as
a percentage
of revenue

2015 compared to 2014 

43.2%

42.3%

42.3%

42.6%

Same store parts and service gross profit increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to increases in 
gross profit associated with customer-pay service of $33.9 million, warranty of $28.1 million, the preparation of vehicles 
for sale of $22.6 million, and collision business of $12.5 million.

Customer-pay service gross profit benefited from improved operational execution and margin performance, as well as 

increased volume due to the increase in units in operation in our primary service base. See “Market Conditions” above. 
Warranty gross profit also benefited from an increase in volume, driven by the increase in units in operation in our primary 
service base, as well as elevated manufacturer recall activity. Gross profit associated with the preparation of vehicles for 
sale benefited from higher new and used vehicle unit volume. Gross profit associated with our collision business benefited 
from increased volume referred by automotive insurance providers, as well as an increase in the average repair value and 
improved customer retention efforts. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Same store parts and service gross profit increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to increases in 
gross profit associated with warranty of $32.5 million, the preparation of vehicles for sale of $12.7 million, customer-pay 
service of $11.3 million, and collision business of $10.1 million.

Warranty gross profit benefited from the rise of manufacturer recalls in our Domestic and Import segments, an increase 

in volume, improved margin performance, and an increase in manufacturer-paid vehicle maintenance. Gross profit 
associated with the preparation of vehicles for sale benefited from higher new and used vehicle unit volume. Customer-pay 
service gross profit benefited from improved operational execution and increased volume. Gross profit associated with our 
collision business benefited from increased volume referred by automotive insurance providers as well as an increase in the 
average repair value. 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finance and Insurance

($ in millions, except per vehicle

data)
Reported:

2015

2014

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2013

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

Revenue and gross profit

Gross profit per vehicle retailed

$

$

868.7

1,534

$

$

750.8

1,409

$

$

117.9

125

15.7

8.9

$

$

674.0

1,355

$

$

76.8

54

11.4

4.0

Years Ended December 31,

2015 vs. 2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2015

2014

2014

2013

Same Store:

Revenue and gross profit

$ 846.1

$ 745.6

Gross profit per vehicle

retailed

$ 1,538

$ 1,414

$

$

100.5

13.5

$ 738.1

$ 671.8

124

8.8

$ 1,414

$ 1,357

2014 vs. 2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

$

$

66.3

57

9.9

4.2

2015 compared to 2014 

Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, due to increases 

in same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR and new and used vehicle unit volume.  

Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR benefited from increases in product penetration, profit 

on vehicle service contracts, and amounts financed per transaction, and more customers financing vehicles through our 
stores. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, due to increases 

in new and used vehicle unit volume and same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR.  

Same store finance and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR benefited from a shift in mix toward more profitable 

vehicle service contracts and an increase in product penetration for vehicle service contracts. 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment Results

In the following table of financial data, revenue and segment income of our reportable segments are reconciled to 

consolidated revenue and consolidated operating income, respectively.

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

($ in millions)
Revenue:

$

Domestic
Import
Premium Luxury
Total
Corporate and other
Total consolidated revenue $

7,069.8
7,037.2
6,607.8
20,714.8
147.2
20,862.0

Segment income(1):

Domestic
Import
Premium Luxury
Total

Corporate and other
Floorplan interest expense

Operating income

$

$

336.9
311.4
376.2
1,024.5
(209.7)
58.3
873.1

$

$

$

$

6,359.5
6,717.8
5,889.3
18,966.6
142.2
19,108.8

285.0
291.3
366.1
942.4
(174.9)
53.3
820.8

$

$

$

$

710.3
319.4
718.5
1,748.2
5.0
1,753.2

51.9
20.1
10.1
82.1
(34.8)
(5.0)
52.3

11.2
4.8
12.2
9.2
3.5
9.2

18.2
6.9
2.8
8.7

$

5,835.3
6,375.0
5,152.3
17,362.6
155.0
$ 17,517.6

$

246.6
280.1
321.4
848.1
(161.2)
53.4
740.3

$

$

$

$

524.2
342.8
737.0
1,604.0
(12.8)
1,591.2

38.4
11.2
44.7
94.3
(13.7)
0.1
80.5

9.0
5.4
14.3
9.2
(8.3)
9.1

15.6
4.0
13.9
11.1

10.9

6.4

$

(1)  Segment income represents income for each of our reportable segments and is defined as operating income less floorplan interest 

expense. 

Retail new vehicle unit sales:

Domestic
Import
Premium Luxury

111,519
157,868
69,693
339,080

102,643
154,066
61,299
318,008

8,876
3,802
8,394
21,072

8.6
2.5
13.7
6.6

96,229
143,325
53,368
292,922

6,414
10,741
7,931
25,086

6.7
7.5
14.9
8.6

38

Domestic

The Domestic segment operating results included the following:

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$ 7,069.8

$ 6,359.5

$

336.9

$

285.0

$

$

710.3

51.9

8,876

11.2

$ 5,835.3

18.2

$

246.6

$

$

8.6

96,229

524.2

38.4

6,414

9.0

15.6

6.7

($ in millions)
Revenue

Segment income

Retail new vehicle unit sales

111,519

102,643

2015 compared to 2014 

Domestic revenue increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to increases in new and used vehicle unit 

volume and new and used vehicle revenue PVR. The increase in new vehicle unit volume was due in part to replacement 
demand and improved market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and improved consumer confidence as 
compared to the prior year. New product offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted new 
vehicle unit volume. New vehicle revenue PVR benefited from lower average fuel prices, which caused a shift in mix 
toward larger vehicles, such as trucks and sport utility vehicles, that have relatively higher average selling prices. The 
increase in used vehicle unit volume was primarily due to an increase in sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, as well as an 
increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales. Used vehicle revenue PVR benefited from the increase in 
sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, which have relatively higher average selling prices.

Domestic segment income increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to an increase in finance and 
insurance revenue and gross profit, which benefited from an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit 
PVR and higher vehicle unit volume. Domestic segment income also benefited from an increase in parts and service gross 
profit. Increases in Domestic segment income were partially offset by an increase in variable expenses. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Domestic revenue increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in new and used vehicle 
unit volume and an increase in new and used vehicle revenue PVR. The increase in new vehicle unit volume was due in 
part to replacement demand and improved market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and improved 
consumer confidence as compared to the prior year. New product offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also 
favorably impacted new vehicle unit volume. The increase in used vehicle unit volume was primarily due to an increase in 
sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, as well as an increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales. 

Domestic segment income increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in parts and service 
gross profit and an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit, which benefited from an increase in finance 
and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR and higher vehicle unit volume. Increases in Domestic segment income were 
partially offset by an increase in variable expenses. 

39

Import

The Import segment operating results included the following:

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

2013

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

$ 7,037.2

$ 6,717.8

$

311.4

$

291.3

$

$

319.4

20.1

3,802

4.8

6.9

2.5

$ 6,375.0

$

280.1

$

$

143,325

342.8

11.2

10,741

5.4

4.0

7.5

($ in millions)
Revenue

Segment income

Retail new vehicle unit sales

157,868

154,066

2015 compared to 2014 

Import revenue increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to increases in new and used vehicle unit 
volume and new and used vehicle revenue PVR. The increase in new vehicle unit volume was primarily due to replacement 
demand and improved market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and confidence as compared to the 
prior year. New product offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted new vehicle unit volume. 
New vehicle revenue PVR benefited from lower average fuel prices, which caused a shift in mix toward larger vehicles, 
such as trucks and sport utility vehicles, that have relatively higher average selling prices. The increase in used vehicle unit 
volume was primarily due to an increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales, as well as an increase in 
sales of certified pre-owned vehicles. Used vehicle revenue PVR benefited from the increase in sales of certified pre-
owned vehicles, which have relatively higher average selling prices. Import revenue also benefited from an increase in 
parts and service revenue. 

Import segment income increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to an increase in parts and service 
gross profit and an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit, which benefited from an increase in finance 
and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR and higher vehicle unit volume. Increases in Import segment income were 
partially offset by an increase in variable expenses and decreases in both new and used vehicle gross profit due to the 
competitive automotive retail environment.

2014 compared to 2013 

Import revenue increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in new vehicle unit volume. 

The increase in new vehicle unit volume was primarily due to replacement demand and improved market conditions, 
including increased consumer borrowing and improved consumer confidence as compared to the prior year. New product 
offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted new vehicle unit volume. New vehicle unit 
volume also benefited from the acquisitions we completed in the second and fourth quarters of 2013. 

Import segment income increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in finance and 
insurance revenue and gross profit, which benefited from an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit 
PVR and higher new vehicle unit volume. Import segment income also benefited from an increase in parts and service 
gross profit and the recent acquisitions noted in the paragraph above. These increases were partially offset by an increase in 
variable expenses and a decrease in new vehicle gross profit due to a decrease in new vehicle gross profit PVR. 

40

Premium Luxury

The Premium Luxury segment operating results included the following:

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2013

$

$

$

$

6,607.8

376.2

69,693

$

$

5,889.3

366.1

61,299

718.5

10.1

8,394

$

$

12.2

2.8

13.7

$

$

5,152.3

321.4

53,368

737.0

44.7

7,931

14.3

13.9

14.9

($ in millions)
Revenue

Segment income

Retail new vehicle unit sales

2015 compared to 2014 

Premium Luxury revenue increased during 2015, as compared to the same period in 2014 primarily due to an increase in 
new and used vehicle unit volume and used vehicle revenue PVR. The increase in new vehicle unit volume was due in part 
to replacement demand and improved market conditions, including increased consumer borrowing and confidence. New 
product offerings from certain automotive manufacturers also favorably impacted new vehicle unit volume. The increase in 
used vehicle unit volume was primarily due to an increase in sales of certified pre-owned vehicles, as well as an increase in 
trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales. Used vehicle revenue PVR benefited from the increase in sales of 
certified pre-owned vehicles, which have relatively higher average selling prices. New and used vehicle unit volume also 
benefited from the acquisitions we completed during 2015. 

Premium Luxury segment income increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to an increase in parts and 
service gross profit and an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit, which benefited from an increase in 
finance and insurance revenue and gross profit PVR and higher vehicle unit volume. Premium Luxury segment income 
also benefited from the acquisitions we completed during 2015. Increases in Premium Luxury segment income were 
partially offset by an increase in variable expenses and decreases in new and used vehicle gross profit PVR due to 
increased inventory levels and changes in manufacturer incentive programs, as well as a competitive automotive retail 
environment. See “Results of Operations” above. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Premium Luxury revenue increased during 2014, as compared to the same period in 2013, primarily due to an increase 

in new and used vehicle unit volume and an increase in new and used vehicle revenue PVR. The increase in new vehicle 
unit volume was due in part to replacement demand and improved market conditions, including increased consumer 
borrowing and improved consumer confidence as compared to the prior year, as well as new product offerings from certain 
automotive manufacturers. The increase in used vehicle unit volume was primarily due to an increase in sales of certified 
pre-owned vehicles, as well as an increase in trade-in volume associated with new vehicle sales. New and used vehicle unit 
volume also benefited from the acquisitions we completed in the fourth quarter of 2014. 

Premium Luxury segment income increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in parts and 

service gross profit and an increase in new vehicle gross profit, which benefited from higher new vehicle unit volume. 
Additionally, Premium Luxury segment income benefited from an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross 
profit, which benefited from higher vehicle unit volume and an increase in finance and insurance revenue and gross profit 
PVR. Premium Luxury segment income also benefited from the acquisitions we completed in the fourth quarter of 2014. 
Increases in Premium Luxury segment income were partially offset by an increase in variable expenses. 

41

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses

Our SG&A expenses consist primarily of compensation, including store and corporate salaries, commissions, and 
incentive-based compensation, as well as advertising (net of reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising rebates), and 
store and corporate overhead expenses, which include occupancy costs, legal, accounting, and professional services, and 
general corporate expenses. The following table presents the major components of our SG&A.

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

%
Variance

Variance
Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

% 
Variance

2013

$

1,454.3

$

1,362.5

$

188.5

620.7

164.9

552.2

(91.8)

(23.6)

(68.5)

(14.3)

(12.4)

166.4

515.7

(6.7) $

1,252.9

$

(109.6)

$

2,263.5

$

2,079.6

$

(183.9)

(8.8) $

1,935.0

$

1.5

(36.5)

(144.6)

(8.7)

0.9

(7.1)

(7.5)

44.6

5.8

19.0

69.4

45.6

5.5

18.5

69.6

100

bps

(30) bps

(50) bps

20

bps

45.4

6.0

18.7

70.1

(20) bps

50

20

50

bps

bps

bps

($ in millions)

Reported:
Compensation

Advertising

Store and corporate overhead

Total

SG&A as a % of total gross

profit:

Compensation

Advertising

Store and corporate overhead

Total

2015 compared to 2014 

SG&A expenses increased in 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to a volume-driven increase in variable 

compensation expense, an increase in store and corporate overhead expenses due in part to the acquisitions we completed 
in 2015, and an increase in advertising expenditures. As a percentage of total gross profit, SG&A expenses decreased 
slightly to 69.4% in 2015 from 69.6% in 2014, primarily due to a decrease in compensation expense as a percentage of 
total gross profit.

2014 compared to 2013 

SG&A expenses increased in 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to a performance-driven increase in 
compensation expense, an increase in store and corporate overhead expenses, and an increase in gross advertising 
expenditures excluding the impact of expenses incurred in 2013 related to the re-branding of our Domestic and Import 
stores under the AutoNation retail brand. As a percentage of total gross profit, SG&A expenses decreased to 69.6% in 2014 
from 70.1% in 2013 resulting from our continued effective management of our cost structure and improved gross profit.

Other Income, Net (included in Operating Income) 

During 2015, we recognized gains related to property dispositions of $16.7 million ($10.3 million after-tax) and the 
divestiture of three Import stores of $7.4 million ($4.6 million after-tax). These gains were partially offset by non-cash 
property impairments of $6.1 million ($3.8 million after-tax).

During 2014, we recognized a gain related to the divestiture of two Import stores of $4.4 million ($2.7 million after-
tax), a gain related to a legal settlement of $4.0 million ($2.5 million after-tax), and a net gain related to business/property 
dispositions of $8.1 million ($5.0 million after-tax), primarily related to the divestiture of our customer lead distribution 
business. 

During 2013, we recognized a net gain related to property dispositions of $7.2 million ($4.5 million after-tax).

42

Franchise Rights Impairment

During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) associated with 
franchise rights recorded at our Volkswagen stores. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for 
more information.

Non-Operating Income (Expenses)

Floorplan Interest Expense

Floorplan interest expense was $58.3 million in 2015, $53.3 million in 2014, and $53.4 million in 2013. The increase in 

floorplan interest expense of $5.0 million in 2015, as compared to 2014, is primarily the result of higher average vehicle 
floorplan balances. Floorplan interest expense in 2014 was relatively flat compared to 2013.

Other Interest Expense

Other interest expense was $90.9 million in 2015, $86.7 million in 2014, and $88.3 million in 2013. The increase in 
interest expense of $4.2 million in 2015, as compared to 2014, was primarily due to an increase of $8.3 million resulting 
from the September 2015 issuance of our 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 and 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025. This increase 
was partially offset by decreases in interest expense of $3.3 million due to lower interest rates associated with our credit 
facility refinancing in December 2014 and our commercial paper program established in May 2015, and $0.6 million 
resulting from lower levels of debt outstanding during the year associated with our mortgage facility. Other interest 
expense in 2014 was relatively flat compared to 2013. 

Loss on Debt Extinguishment

We expensed $1.6 million pre-tax in the fourth quarter of 2014 related to a debt refinancing transaction. This expense 

included $0.4 million for the write-off of previously deferred debt issuance costs. 

Provision for Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided based upon our anticipated underlying annual blended federal and state income tax rates, 
adjusted, as necessary, for any other tax matters occurring during the period. As we operate in various states, our effective 
tax rate is also dependent upon our geographic revenue mix.

Our effective income tax rate was 38.6% in 2015. See Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for 
discussion of our unrecognized tax benefits. We do not expect that our unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase 
or decrease during the twelve months beginning January 1, 2016.

Our effective income tax rate was 38.5% in 2014 and was 37.8% in 2013, which reflected the benefit of certain 
favorable tax adjustments. During 2013, we completed a restructuring of certain of our subsidiaries, a consequence of 
which was the release of a valuation allowance of $3.4 million, which was reflected as a benefit in our income tax 
provision in 2013. 

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued operations are related to stores that were sold or terminated prior to January 1, 2014. Results from 

discontinued operations, net of income taxes, were primarily related to expected losses on real estate to be sold, as well as 
carrying costs for real estate we have not yet sold associated with stores that were closed prior to January 1, 2014.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We manage our liquidity to ensure access to sufficient funding at acceptable costs to fund our ongoing operating 

requirements and future capital expenditures while continuing to meet our financial obligations. We believe that our cash 
and cash equivalents, funds generated through future operations, and amounts available under our revolving credit facility, 
commercial paper program, and secured used vehicle floorplan facilities will be sufficient to fund our working capital 
requirements, service our debt, pay our tax obligations and commitments and contingencies, and meet any seasonal 
operating requirements for the foreseeable future.

43

Available Liquidity Resources

We had the following sources of liquidity available for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

(In millions)

Cash and cash equivalents

Revolving credit facility
Secured used floorplan facilities(3)

December 31,
2015

December 31,
2014

$

$

$

74.1

1,463.1

(1)

127.1

$

$

$

(2)

75.4

644.4

50.2

(1)  At December 31, 2015, the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility was $1,755.9 million, which 
was limited by the maximum consolidated leverage ratio contained in our credit agreement to $1,463.1 million. 
We use the revolving credit facility under our credit agreement as a liquidity backstop for borrowings under the 
commercial paper program. At December 31, 2015, we had $599.5 million of commercial paper notes 
outstanding, which in effect reduced the available liquidity under our revolving credit facility to $863.6 million. 
See “Long-Term Debt - Commercial Paper” for additional information.

(2)  Based on aggregate borrowings outstanding of $1,110.0 million and outstanding letters of credit of $45.6 

million at December 31, 2014.

(3)  Based on the eligible used vehicle inventory that could have been pledged as collateral. See “Long-Term Debt – 

Vehicle Floorplan Payable” for additional information.

In the ordinary course of business, we are required to post performance and surety bonds, letters of credit, and/or cash 

deposits as financial guarantees of our performance relating to insurance matters. At December 31, 2015, surety bonds, 
letters of credit, and cash deposits totaled $98.9 million, including the $44.1 million of letters of credit issued under our 
revolving credit facility. We do not currently provide cash collateral for outstanding letters of credit.

In February 2014, we filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the SEC that enables us to offer for sale, from 

time to time and as the capital markets permit, an unspecified amount of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, 
guarantees of debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, depositary shares or stock purchase contracts, as well as units 
that include any of those securities. During 2015, we issued the 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 and the 4.5% Senior Notes
due 2025 pursuant to this registration statement. See “Long-Term Debt - Senior Unsecured Notes” for additional 
information.

Capital Allocation

Our capital allocation strategy is focused on maximizing stockholder returns. We invest capital in our business to 
maintain and upgrade our existing facilities and to build new facilities, as well as for other strategic and technology 
initiatives. We also deploy capital opportunistically to repurchase our common stock and/or debt or to complete dealership 
acquisitions and/or build facilities for newly awarded franchises. Our capital allocation decisions will be based on factors 
such as the expected rate of return on our investment, the market price of our common stock versus our view of its intrinsic 
value, the market price of our debt, the potential impact on our capital structure, our ability to complete dealership 
acquisitions that meet our market and vehicle brand criteria and return on investment threshold, and limitations set forth in 
our debt agreements. 

Share Repurchases

Our Board of Directors from time to time authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock up to a certain 

monetary limit. A summary of shares repurchased under our share repurchase program authorized by our Board of 
Directors follows:

(In millions, except per share data)
Shares repurchased
Aggregate purchase price

Average purchase price per share

2015

2014

2013

3.9

235.1

60.49

$

$

9.4

485.1

51.59

$

$

1.1

53.5

47.37

$

$

44

In addition, from January 1, 2016 through February 8, 2016, we repurchased 3.6 million shares for an aggregate 
purchase price of $160.3 million (average purchase price per share of $44.79). As of February 8, 2016, $135.3 million 
remained available under our stock repurchase limit most recently authorized by our Board of Directors.

The decision to repurchase shares at any given point in time is based on such factors as the market price of our common 

stock versus our view of its intrinsic value, the potential impact on our capital structure (including compliance with our 
3.75x maximum leverage ratio and other financial covenants in our debt agreements as well as our available liquidity), and 
the expected return on competing uses of capital such as dealership acquisitions, capital investments in our current 
businesses, or repurchases of our debt. 

Capital Expenditures

The following table sets forth information regarding our capital expenditures over the past three years:

(In millions)
Purchases of property and equipment, including operating lease buy-outs (1)

2015

2014

2013

$

266.9

$

197.8

$

207.2

(1) Includes accrued construction in progress and excludes property associated with capital leases entered into during the 

year.

Acquisitions and Divestitures

The following table sets forth information regarding cash used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired, and cash 

received from business divestitures, net of cash relinquished, over the past three years:

(In millions)
Cash received from (used in) business acquisitions, net(1)
Cash received from (used in) business divestitures, net

(1) Excludes capital leases.

2015

2014

2013

$

$

(321.5) $
$
43.9

(205.2) $
$
41.4

(87.9)
10.1

We purchased 22 stores and related assets during 2015, which include Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram, Mercedes-Benz, 
Honda, Ford, Lincoln, Audi, Volkswagen, Hyundai, Subaru, Jaguar, Land Rover, Volvo, and Fiat franchises. We purchased 
five stores in 2014 and five stores in 2013. 

During 2015, we divested three Import stores. In 2014, we divested two Import stores and our customer lead 

distribution business, which was reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information. In 2013, we 
divested one Import store.

In February 2016, we purchased 12 stores and related assets located in Texas, which include Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, 

Ram, Chevrolet, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, and Sprinter franchises.

Cash Dividends

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock during our two most recent fiscal years. We do 

not currently anticipate paying cash dividends for the foreseeable future. 

45

Long-Term Debt

The following table sets forth our non-vehicle long-term debt as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

(In millions)
6.75% Senior Notes due 2018

5.5% Senior Notes due 2020

3.35% Senior Notes due 2021

4.5% Senior Notes due 2025

Revolving credit facility due 2019
Mortgage facility(1)
Capital leases and other debt

Less: current maturities

2015

2014

$

397.9

$

350.0

300.0

448.5

—

175.7

95.0

1,767.1
(13.4)
1,753.7

$

397.1

350.0

—

—

1,110.0

185.5

85.8

2,128.4
(25.0)
2,103.4

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

$

(1)  The mortgage facility requires monthly principal and interest payments of $1.7 million based on a fixed 

amortization schedule with a balloon payment of $155.4 million due November 2017.

Senior Unsecured Notes

On September 21, 2015, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 (the 
“2021 Notes”). The 2021 Notes were sold at 99.998% of the aggregate principal amount. Interest on the 2021 Notes is 
payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year. These notes will mature on January 15, 2021. At December 31, 2015, we 
had outstanding $300.0 million of 2021 Notes, net of debt discount. 

On September 21, 2015, we also issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025 (the 

“2025 Notes”). The 2025 Notes were sold at 99.663% of the aggregate principal amount. Interest on the 2025 Notes is 
payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year. These notes will mature on October 1, 2025. At December 31, 2015, we had 
outstanding $448.5 million of 2025 Notes, net of debt discount. 

The interest rate payable on the 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain 
credit rating events as provided in the indentures for these senior unsecured notes. Proceeds from the issuance of these 
senior unsecured notes were used to reduce borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general corporate 
purposes. In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes, we incurred $6.4 million in debt issuance 
costs that will be amortized to interest expense over the terms of the related debt arrangements.

At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding $397.9 million of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2018, net of debt discount. 

Interest is payable on April 15 and October 15 of each year. These notes will mature on April 15, 2018.

At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding $350.0 million of 5.5% Senior Notes due 2020. Interest is payable on 

February 1 and August 1 of each year. These notes will mature on February 1, 2020.

Our senior unsecured notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries. The subsidiary guarantees for the 

2021 Notes and the 2025 Notes may be released in certain circumstances as set forth in the indentures for such notes.

Credit Agreement

Under our credit agreement, we have a $1.8 billion revolving credit facility that matures on December 3, 2019. The 

credit agreement also contains an accordion feature that allows us, subject to credit availability and certain other 
conditions, to increase the amount of the revolving credit facility, together with any added term loans, by up to $500.0 
million in the aggregate. As of December 31, 2015, we had no borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility. 
We have a $200.0 million letter of credit sublimit as part of our revolving credit facility. The amount available to be 
borrowed under the revolving credit facility is reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the cumulative amount of any 
outstanding letters of credit, which was $44.1 million at December 31, 2015, leaving an additional borrowing capacity 

46

under the revolving credit facility of $1.8 billion at December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, this borrowing capacity 
was limited under the maximum consolidated leverage ratio contained in our credit agreement to $1.5 billion. 

Funds borrowed under our credit agreement may be used to repay indebtedness, finance acquisitions, and for working 

capital, capital expenditures, share repurchases, and other general corporate purposes.

Our revolving credit facility provides for a commitment fee on undrawn amounts ranging from 0.175% to 0.25% and 
interest on borrowings at LIBOR or the base rate, in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges 
from 1.25% to 1.625% for LIBOR borrowings and 0.25% to 0.625% for base rate borrowings. The interest rate charged for 
our revolving credit facility is affected by our leverage ratio. For instance, an increase in our leverage ratio from greater 
than or equal to 2.0x but less than 3.25x to greater than or equal to 3.25x would result in a 12.5 basis point increase in the 
interest rate.

Borrowings under the credit agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries.

Other Long-Term Debt

At December 31, 2015, we had $175.7 million outstanding under a mortgage facility with an automotive manufacturer’s 

captive finance subsidiary that matures on November 30, 2017. The mortgage facility utilizes a fixed interest rate of 
5.864% and is secured by 10-year mortgages on certain of our store properties. The mortgage facility requires monthly 
principal and interest payments of $1.7 million based on a fixed amortization schedule with a balloon payment of $155.4 
million due November 2017. Repayment of the mortgage facility is subject to a prepayment penalty.

At December 31, 2015, we had capital lease and other debt obligations of $95.0 million, which are due at various dates 

through 2034.

Commercial Paper 

On May 22, 2015, we established a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, unsecured 
commercial paper notes on a private placement basis up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any time of $300.0 
million. On August 4, 2015, we increased the maximum aggregate principal amount that may be outstanding at any time to 
$1.0 billion. The interest rate for the commercial paper notes varies based on duration and market conditions. The 
maturities of the commercial paper notes may vary, but may not exceed 397 days from the date of issuance. The 
commercial paper notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries. Proceeds from the issuance of commercial 
paper notes are used to repay borrowings under the revolving credit facility, to finance acquisitions and for working capital, 
capital expenditures, share repurchases and/or other general corporate purposes. We plan to use the revolving credit facility 
under our credit agreement as a liquidity backstop for borrowings under the commercial paper program. A downgrade in 
our credit ratings could negatively impact our ability to issue, or the interest rates for, commercial paper notes. 

At December 31, 2015, we had $599.5 million of commercial paper notes outstanding with a weighted-average annual 

interest rate of 0.92% and a weighted-average remaining term of 20 days. 

Restrictions and Covenants

Our credit agreement, the indentures for our senior unsecured notes, our vehicle floorplan facilities, and our mortgage 

facility contain customary financial and operating covenants that place restrictions on us, including our ability to incur 
additional indebtedness or prepay existing indebtedness, to create liens or other encumbrances, to sell (or otherwise dispose 
of) assets, and to merge or consolidate with other entities.

Under our credit agreement, we are required to remain in compliance with a maximum leverage ratio and maximum 
capitalization ratio. The leverage ratio is a contractually defined amount principally reflecting non-vehicle debt divided by 
a contractually defined measure of earnings with certain adjustments. The capitalization ratio is a contractually defined 
amount principally reflecting vehicle floorplan payable and non-vehicle debt divided by our total capitalization including 
vehicle floorplan payable. Under our credit agreement, the maximum leverage ratio is 3.75x and the maximum 
capitalization ratio is 70.0%. In calculating our leverage and capitalization ratios, we are not required to include letters of 
credit in the definition of debt (except to the extent of letters of credit in excess of $150.0 million). In addition, in 
calculating our capitalization ratio, we are permitted to add back to shareholders’ equity all goodwill, franchise rights, and 
long-lived asset impairment charges subsequent to September 30, 2014 plus $1.53 billion. The specific terms of these 

47

covenants can be found in our credit agreement, which we filed with our Current Report on Form 8-K on December 4, 
2014.

The indentures for our senior unsecured notes contain certain limited covenants, including limitations on liens and sale 
and leaseback transactions, but do not contain restricted payments covenants or debt incurrence restrictions. Our mortgage 
facility contains covenants regarding maximum cash flow leverage and minimum interest coverage.

Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our debt agreements could result in the acceleration of all of our 

indebtedness. Our debt agreements have cross-default provisions that trigger a default in the event of an uncured default 
under other material indebtedness of AutoNation.

As of December 31, 2015, we were in compliance with the requirements of the financial covenants under our debt 
agreements. Under the terms of our credit agreement, at December 31, 2015, our leverage ratio and capitalization ratio 
were as follows:

Leverage ratio

Capitalization ratio

December 31, 2015

Requirement    

Actual    

2.32x

61.0%

Both the leverage ratio and the capitalization ratio limit our ability to incur additional non-vehicle debt. The 
capitalization ratio also limits our ability to incur additional vehicle floorplan indebtedness and repurchase shares. 

Vehicle Floorplan Payable

The components of vehicle floorplan payable are as follows: 

Vehicle floorplan payable - trade

Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade

      Vehicle floorplan payable

2015

2014

$

$

2,565.8

1,161.3

3,727.1

$

$

2,090.7

1,006.5

3,097.2

Vehicle floorplan payable-trade reflects amounts borrowed to finance the purchase of specific new vehicle inventories 

with manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries. Vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade represents amounts borrowed to 
finance the purchase of specific new and, to a lesser extent, used vehicle inventories with non-trade lenders, as well as 
amounts borrowed under our secured used vehicle floorplan facilities. Financing decisions for our used vehicle inventories 
are dependent on a combination of factors, such as liquidity needs and pricing considerations, among others.

At December 31, 2015, the aggregate capacity under our used vehicle floorplan facilities was $350.0 million. As of that 
date, $212.5 million had been borrowed under those facilities, and the remaining borrowing capacity of $137.5 million was 
limited to $127.1 million based on the eligible used vehicle inventory that could have been pledged as collateral.

At December 31, 2014, the aggregate capacity under our used vehicle floorplan facilities was $315.0 million. As of that 
date, $236.0 million had been borrowed under those facilities, and the remaining borrowing capacity of $79.0 million was 
limited to $50.2 million based on the eligible used vehicle inventory that could have been pledged as collateral.

All the vehicle floorplan facilities utilize LIBOR-based interest rates. Vehicle floorplan facilities are due on demand, but 

in the case of new vehicle inventories, are generally paid within several business days after the related vehicles are sold. 
Our manufacturer agreements generally allow the manufacturer to draft against the new vehicle floorplan facilities so the 
lender directly funds the manufacturer for the purchase of new vehicle inventory. Vehicle floorplan facilities are primarily 
collateralized by vehicle inventories and related receivables.

48

 
 
 
Cash Flows

The following table summarizes the changes in our cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing 

activities:

(In millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$
$
$

$
507.2
(509.4) $
$
0.9

$
485.1
(376.0) $
(102.9) $

484.1
(257.8)
(226.8)

Our primary sources of operating cash flows are collections from contracts-in-transit and customers following the sale 
of vehicles, collections from customers for the sale of parts and services and finance and insurance products, and proceeds 
from vehicle floorplan payable-trade. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are repayments of vehicle 
floorplan payable-trade, purchases of parts inventory, personnel-related expenditures, and payments related to taxes and 
leased properties.

2015 compared to 2014 

Net cash provided by operating activities increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, and was primarily due to a 

decrease in working capital requirements and an increase in earnings.

2014 compared to 2013 

Net cash provided by operating activities was relatively flat during 2014, as compared to 2013, and was impacted by an 

increase in working capital and higher earnings.

During 2014, we paid $7.2 million in connection with refinancing our indebtedness. Cash flows from operating 

activities reflect $1.2 million of these cash payments that we charged to expense related to this refinancing transaction. In 
addition, we charged to expense $0.4 million of previously deferred debt issuance costs. Cash flows from financing 
activities, discussed below, reflect $6.0 million of debt issuance costs that are being amortized to interest expense over the 
term of our credit agreement.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash flows from investing activities consist primarily of cash used in capital additions, activity from business 

acquisitions, business divestitures, property dispositions, and other transactions.

We will make facility and infrastructure upgrades and improvements from time to time as we identify projects that are 

required to maintain our current business or that we expect to provide us with acceptable rates of return. 

2015 compared to 2014 

Net cash used in investing activities increased during 2015, as compared to 2014, primarily due to an increase in cash 
used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired, an increase in property and equipment purchases, partially offset by an 
increase in proceeds from the sale of property and equipment.

2014 compared to 2013 

Net cash used in investing activities increased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to an increase in cash 

used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired, an increase in property and equipment purchases, and a decrease in 
proceeds from the disposal of assets held for sale, partially offset by a decrease in property operating lease buy-outs and an 
increase in cash received from business divestitures, net of cash relinquished.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities primarily include repurchases of common stock, debt activity, changes in 

vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade, and proceeds from stock option exercises.

49

2015 compared to 2014 

Under our share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors, during 2015, we repurchased 3.9 million 
shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $235.1 million (average purchase price per share of $60.49). 
Additionally, 36,712 shares were surrendered to AutoNation in 2015 to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection 
with the vesting of restricted stock. During 2014, we repurchased 9.4 million shares of our common stock for an aggregate 
purchase price of $485.1 million (average purchase price per share of $51.59). Additionally, 46,752 shares were 
surrendered to AutoNation in 2014 to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock.

During 2015, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 and $450.0 million 

aggregate principal amount of 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025. The 2021 Notes were sold at 99.998% of the aggregate 
principal amount. The 2025 Notes were sold at 99.663% of the aggregate principal amount. See “Long-Term Debt - Senior 
Unsecured Notes” above for additional information regarding our 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes. Cash flows from financing 
activities in 2015 reflect cash payments of $6.4 million for debt issuance costs that are being amortized to interest expense 
over the terms of the related debt arrangements. 

During 2015, we borrowed $1.4 billion and repaid $2.5 billion under our revolving credit facility, for net repayments of 

$1.1 billion. During 2015, we also established a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, 
unsecured commercial paper notes on a private placement basis up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any 
time of $1.0 billion. Cash flows from financing activities include changes in commercial paper notes outstanding totaling 
net proceeds of $599.5 million during 2015.

During 2014, we amended and restated our existing unsecured credit agreement and replaced our $500.0 million term 

loan facility and $1.2 billion revolving credit facility with a $1.8 billion revolving credit facility. The indebtedness 
outstanding under the prior credit agreement was paid off with proceeds from our amended credit agreement. We also paid 
$6.0 million in connection with refinancing our indebtedness. These debt issuance costs are reflected in cash flows from 
financing activities in 2014 and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of our credit agreement. During 
2014, we borrowed $2.8 billion and repaid $2.0 billion under our revolving credit facilities, for net borrowings of $810.0 
million. 

We made payments of capital lease and other debt obligations of $18.2 million during 2015 and $24.7 million during 

2014.

Cash flows from financing activities include changes in vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade totaling net repayments of 

$13.3 million during 2015 compared to net proceeds of $61.6 million in 2014.

During 2015, cash flows from financing activities were also impacted by a decrease in proceeds from the exercise of 

stock options as compared to 2014.

2014 compared to 2013 

Net cash used in financing activities decreased during 2014, as compared to 2013, primarily due to the net impact of the 

debt activity that occurred in 2014, described above, partially offset by an increase in repurchases of common stock. 

50

Contractual Payment Obligations

The following table summarizes our payment obligations under certain contracts at December 31, 2015. The amounts 
presented are based upon, among other things, the terms of any relevant agreements. Future events that may occur related 
to the following payment obligations could cause actual payments to differ significantly from these amounts. 

(In millions)
Vehicle floorplan payable (Note 3)(1)
Long-term debt, including capital leases (Note 7)(1)(2)
Commercial paper (Note 7)(1)
Interest payments(3)
Operating lease and other commitments (Note 8)(1)(4)
Unrecognized tax benefits, net (Note 11)(1)
Deferred compensation obligations(5)
Estimated chargeback liability (Note 18)(1)(6)
Estimated self-insurance obligations (Note 6)(1)(7)
Purchase obligations(8)

Payments Due by Period

Less Than 1
Year
(2016)

1 - 3 Years
(2017 and
2018)

3 - 5 Years
(2019 and
2020)

Total      

More Than 5
Years
(2021 and
thereafter)

$

3,727.1

$

3,727.1

$

— $

— $

1,767.1

599.5

450.9

401.5

7.1

64.6

97.3

74.8

467.6

13.4

599.5

89.6

45.9

—

5.4

56.2

27.2

428.1

579.7

—

155.0

78.5

2.7

—

36.7

25.1

37.1

394.7

—

94.1

66.8

4.4

—

4.3

11.4

0.8

—

779.3

—

112.2

210.3

—

59.2

0.1

11.1

1.6

Total

$

7,657.5

$

4,992.4

$

914.8

$

576.5

$

1,173.8

(1)  See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)  Amounts for long-term debt obligations exclude $3.6 million of unamortized debt discounts related to our 6.75% 

Senior Notes due 2018, 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021, and 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025.

(3)  Primarily represents scheduled fixed interest payments on our outstanding senior unsecured notes, mortgage facility, 
and capital leases. Estimates of future interest payments for vehicle floorplan payables and other variable rate debt 
are excluded.

(4)  Amounts for operating lease commitments do not include certain operating expenses such as maintenance, insurance, 
and real estate taxes. In 2015, these charges totaled approximately $26 million. Additionally, operating leases that are 
on a month-to-month basis are not included. 

(5)  Due to uncertainty regarding timing of payments expected beyond one year, long-term obligations for deferred 

compensation arrangements have been classified in the “More Than 5 Years” column.

(6)  Our estimated chargeback obligations do not have scheduled maturities, however, the timing of future payments is 

estimated based on historical patterns.

(7)  Our estimated self-insurance obligations are based on management estimates and actuarial calculations. Although 
these obligations do not have scheduled maturities, the timing of future payments is estimated based on historical 
patterns.

(8)  Primarily represents acquisition-related commitments, as well as purchase orders and contracts in connection with 

information technology and communication systems and real estate construction projects. 

We expect that the amounts above will be funded through cash flows from operations or borrowings under our 

commercial paper program or credit agreement. In the case of payments due upon the maturity of our debt instruments, we 
currently expect to be able to refinance such instruments in the normal course of business.

In the ordinary course of business, we are required to post performance and surety bonds, letters of credit, and/or cash 

deposits as financial guarantees of our performance. At December 31, 2015, surety bonds, letters of credit, and cash 
deposits totaled $98.9 million, of which $44.1 million represented letters of credit. We do not currently provide cash 
collateral for outstanding letters of credit. We have negotiated a letter of credit sublimit as part of our revolving credit 

51

 
facility. The amount available to be borrowed under this revolving credit facility is reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by 
the cumulative amount of any outstanding letters of credit.

As further discussed in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, there are various tax matters where 

the ultimate resolution may result in us owing additional tax payments.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2015, we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)

(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Forward-Looking Statements

Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, and the prevailing market price and 

performance of our common stock may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the matters discussed 
below. Certain statements and information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including without limitation 
statements regarding our strategic initiatives and expectations for the future performance of our franchises and the 
automotive retail industry, as well as other written or oral statements made from time to time by us or by our authorized 
executive officers on our behalf, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the 
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements 
other than statements of historical fact, including statements that describe our objectives, plans or goals are, or may be 
deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “goal,” “plan,” “believe,” 
“continue,” “may,” “will,” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-
looking statements. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events, 
and they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are difficult to predict and may cause our 
actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or 
achievements expressed or implied by these statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this 
report, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update these statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. 
The risks, uncertainties, and other factors that our stockholders and prospective investors should consider include, but are 
not limited to, the following:

• 

The automotive retail industry is sensitive to changing economic conditions and various other factors. Our 
business and results of operations are substantially dependent on new vehicle sales levels in the United States and 
in our particular geographic markets and the level of gross profit margins that we can achieve on our sales of new 
vehicles, all of which are very difficult to predict.

• 

Our new vehicle sales are impacted by the incentive, marketing, and other programs of vehicle manufacturers.

•  We are dependent upon the success and continued financial viability of the vehicle manufacturers and distributors 

with which we hold franchises.

• 

• 

If we are not able to maintain and enhance our retail brands and reputation or to attract consumers to our own 
digital channels, or if events occur that damage our retail brands, reputation, or sales channels, our business and 
financial results may be harmed.

New laws, regulations, or governmental policies regarding fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards, 
or changes to existing standards, may affect vehicle manufacturers’ ability to produce cost-effective vehicles or 
vehicles that consumers demand, which could adversely impact our business, results of operations, financial 
condition, cash flow, and prospects.

• 

Natural disasters and adverse weather events can disrupt our business.

•  We are subject to restrictions imposed by, and significant influence from, vehicle manufacturers that may 

adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects, including our 
ability to acquire additional stores.

•  We are subject to numerous legal and administrative proceedings, which, if the outcomes are adverse to us, could 
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, and prospects.

52

• 

• 

• 

Our operations are subject to extensive governmental laws and regulations. If we are found to be in purported 
violation of or subject to liabilities under any of these laws or regulations, or if new laws or regulations are 
enacted that adversely affect our operations, our business, operating results, and prospects could suffer.

A failure of our information systems or any security breach or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information 
could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our debt agreements contain certain financial ratios and other restrictions on our ability to conduct our business, 
and our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and operations and prevent us from 
fulfilling our debt service obligations.

•  We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our vehicle floorplan payables, revolving credit facility, and 

commercial paper program that could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.

• 

• 

Goodwill and other intangible assets comprise a significant portion of our total assets. We must test our goodwill 
and other intangible assets for impairment at least annually, which could result in a material, non-cash write-down 
of goodwill or franchise rights and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and 
shareholders’ equity.

Our largest stockholders, as a result of their ownership stakes in us, may have the ability to exert substantial 
influence over actions to be taken or approved by our stockholders or Board of Directors. In addition, future share 
repurchases and fluctuations in the levels of ownership of our largest stockholders could impact the volume of 
trading, liquidity, and market price of our common stock.

Additional Information

Investors and others should note that we announce material financial information using our company website 
(www.autonation.com), our investor relations website (investors.autonation.com), SEC filings, press releases, public 
conference calls and webcasts. Information about AutoNation, its business, and its results of operations may also be 
announced by posts on the following social media channels: 

•  AutoNation’s Twitter feed (www.twitter.com/autonation)

•  Mike Jackson’s Twitter feed (www.twitter.com/CEOMikeJackson)

•  AutoNation’s Facebook page (www.facebook.com/autonation)

•  Mike Jackson’s Facebook page (www.facebook.com/CEOMikeJackson)

The information that we post on these social media channels could be deemed to be material information. As a result, 

we encourage investors, the media, and others interested in AutoNation to review the information that we post on these 
social media channels. These channels may be updated from time to time on AutoNation’s investor relations website. The 
information on or accessible through our websites and social media channels is not incorporated by reference in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

53

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk

Our primary market risk exposure is increasing LIBOR-based interest rates. Interest rate derivatives may be used to 

hedge a portion of our variable rate debt, when appropriate, based on market conditions. 

We had $3.7 billion of variable rate vehicle floorplan payable at December 31, 2015, and $3.1 billion at December 31, 

2014. Based on these amounts, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in an approximate change of 
$37.3 million in 2015 and $31.0 million in 2014 to our annual floorplan interest expense. Our exposure to changes in 
interest rates with respect to total vehicle floorplan payable is partially mitigated by manufacturers’ floorplan assistance, 
which in some cases is based on variable interest rates.

We had $599.5 million of commercial paper notes outstanding at December 31, 2015. Based on the amounts 

outstanding, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in an approximate change to our annual interest expense 
of $6.0 million in 2015.

We had no other variable rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2015 and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2014. Based on 

the amounts outstanding at year-end, a 100 basis point change in interest rates would result in an approximate change to 
our annual interest expense of $11.1 million in 2014.

Our fixed rate long-term debt, consisting of amounts outstanding under senior unsecured notes, mortgages, and capital 

lease and other debt obligations, totaled $1.8 billion and had a fair value of $1.9 billion as of December 31, 2015, and 
totaled $1.0 billion and had a fair value of $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2014.

54

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

Page

56

58

59

60

61

63

93

55

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
AutoNation, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AutoNation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 

2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the 
years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of 
the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based 
on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 

States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the 

financial position of AutoNation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their 
operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with 
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States), AutoNation, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established 
in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 10, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

February 10, 2016 
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Certified Public Accountants

56

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
AutoNation, Inc.:

We have audited AutoNation, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria 

established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission (COSO). AutoNation, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal 
control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, 
included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on AutoNation, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective 
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and 
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and 
procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and 
that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and 
directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized 
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 

Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.

In our opinion, AutoNation, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as 

of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

AutoNation, Inc. acquired fourteen stores in the fourth quarter of 2015, and management excluded from its assessment 

of the effectiveness of AutoNation, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, the fourteen 
stores, which had less than 2.5% of total assets and less than 0.5% of total revenue included in the consolidated financial 
statements of AutoNation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015. Our audit of internal 
control over financial reporting of AutoNation, Inc. also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial 
reporting of the fourteen stores.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States), the consolidated balance sheets of AutoNation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the 
related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year 
period ended December 31, 2015, and our report dated February 10, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on those 
consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

February 10, 2016 
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Certified Public Accountants

57

AUTONATION, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 
(In millions, except share and per share data)

ASSETS

2015

2014

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents
Receivables, net
Inventory
Other current assets

Total Current Assets

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
GOODWILL, NET
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
OTHER ASSETS
Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Vehicle floorplan payable - trade
Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade
Accounts payable
Commercial paper
Current maturities of long-term debt
Other current liabilities

Total Current Liabilities

LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF CURRENT MATURITIES
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
OTHER LIABILITIES
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 8)
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized;

120,562,149 shares issued at December 31, 2015, and 163,562,149 shares issued
at December 31, 2014, including shares held in treasury

Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost; 9,758,091 and 50,248,909 shares held, respectively

Total Shareholders’ Equity
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

74.1
908.2
3,612.0
117.1
4,711.4
2,667.4
1,394.5
439.9
345.1
9,558.3

2,565.8
1,161.3
299.9
599.5
13.4
529.2
5,169.1
1,753.7
78.6
207.6

75.4
817.8
2,899.0
207.0
3,999.2
2,422.0
1,314.7
354.7
309.1
8,399.7

2,090.7
1,006.5
264.7
—
25.0
495.1
3,882.0
2,103.4
137.9
204.3

—

—

1.2
5.2
2,702.8
(359.9)
2,349.3
9,558.3

$

1.6
61.8
3,756.6
(1,747.9)
2,072.1
8,399.7

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

58

 
AUTONATION, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the Years Ended December 31, 
(In millions, except per share data)

2015

2014

2013

Revenue:

New vehicle
Used vehicle
Parts and service
Finance and insurance, net
Other

TOTAL REVENUE
Cost of Sales:
New vehicle
Used vehicle
Parts and service
Other

TOTAL COST OF SALES (excluding depreciation shown below)
Gross Profit:

New vehicle
Used vehicle
Parts and service
Finance and insurance
Other

TOTAL GROSS PROFIT
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Franchise rights impairment
Other income, net
OPERATING INCOME
Non-operating income (expense) items:
Floorplan interest expense
Other interest expense
Loss on debt extinguishment
Interest income
Other income (loss), net
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES
Income tax provision
NET INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
NET INCOME
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net income
Weighted average common shares outstanding
DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net income
Weighted average common shares outstanding

COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING, net of treasury stock, at period end

$

$

$
$
$

$
$
$

11,995.0
4,768.7
3,082.8
868.7
146.8
20,862.0

11,321.9
4,415.0
1,744.8
118.8
17,600.5

673.1
353.7
1,338.0
868.7
28.0
3,261.5
2,263.5
127.4
15.4
(17.9)
873.1

(58.3)
(90.9)
—
0.1
(1.3)
722.7
279.0
443.7
(1.1)
442.6

$

$

3.94
$
(0.01) $
3.93
$
112.7

$
3.90
(0.01) $
3.89
$
113.9
110.8

10,972.2
4,385.7
2,822.5
750.8
177.6
19,108.8

10,322.1
4,025.1
1,625.9
147.0
16,120.1

650.1
360.6
1,196.6
750.8
30.6
2,988.7
2,079.6
106.9
—
(18.6)
820.8

(53.3)
(86.7)
(1.6)
0.2
2.9
682.3
262.5
419.8
(1.1)
418.7

$

$

3.58
$
(0.01) $
3.57
$
117.3

$
3.53
(0.01) $
3.52
$
118.9
113.3

9,949.6
4,127.4
2,597.4
674.0
169.2
17,517.6

9,333.2
3,797.7
1,491.6
135.2
14,757.7

616.4
329.7
1,105.8
674.0
34.0
2,759.9
1,935.0
95.3
—
(10.7)
740.3

(53.4)
(88.3)
—
0.2
5.6
604.4
228.6
375.8
(0.9)
374.9

3.10
(0.01)
3.09
121.3

3.05
(0.01)
3.04
123.3
120.9

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

59

AUTONATION, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 
(In millions, except share data)

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid-In
Capital  

Retained
Earnings  

Treasury
Stock  

Total

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2012

163,562,149

$

1.6

$

26.6

$

2,963.0

$

(1,302.7) $

1,688.5

Net income

Repurchases of common stock

Stock-based compensation expense

Shares awarded under stock-based compensation
plans, including excess income tax benefit of
$10.0

—

—

—

—

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2013

163,562,149

$

Net income

Repurchases of common stock

Stock-based compensation expense

Shares awarded under stock-based compensation
plans, including excess income tax benefit of
$18.0

—

—

—

—

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2014

163,562,149

$

Net income
Repurchases of common stock
Treasury stock cancellation
Stock-based compensation expense
Shares awarded under stock-based compensation
plans, including excess income tax benefit of
$17.9

—
—
(43,000,000)
—

—

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2015

120,562,149

$

—

—

—

—

1.6

—

—

—

—

1.6

—
—
(0.4)
—

—

1.2

—

—

21.3

(5.1)

374.9

—

—

—

—

(55.7)

—

374.9

(55.7)

21.3

37.8

32.7

$

42.8

$

3,337.9

$

(1,320.6) $

2,061.7

—

—

26.3

(7.3)

418.7

—

—

—

—

(487.7)

—

418.7

(487.7)

26.3

60.4

53.1

$

61.8

$

3,756.6

$

(1,747.9) $

2,072.1

—
—
(78.7)
24.0

442.6
—
(1,496.4)
—

—
(237.3)
1,575.5
—

442.6
(237.3)
—
24.0

(1.9)

—

49.8

47.9

$

5.2

$

2,702.8

$

(359.9) $

2,349.3

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

60

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31, 
(In millions)

CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:

Loss from discontinued operations
Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discounts
Stock-based compensation expense
Franchise rights impairment
Non-cash impairment charges
Write-off of deferred debt issuance costs
Net gain on asset sales and dispositions
Deferred income tax provision
Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards
Other
(Increase) decrease, net of effects from business combinations

and divestitures:
Receivables
Inventory
Other assets

Increase (decrease), net of effects from business combinations

and divestitures:
Vehicle floorplan payable-trade, net
Accounts payable
Other liabilities

Net cash provided by continuing operations
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations

Net cash provided by operating activities
CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of property and equipment
Property operating lease buy-outs
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment
Proceeds from the disposal of assets held for sale
Insurance recoveries on property and equipment
Cash used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Cash received from business divestitures, net of cash relinquished
Net change in restricted cash
Proceeds from the sales of restricted investments
Other
Net cash used in continuing operations
Net cash used in discontinued operations

Net cash used in investing activities

2015

2014

2013

$

442.6

$

418.7

$

374.9

1.1
127.4
4.7
24.0
15.4
6.1
—
(23.8)
10.0
(17.9)
1.3

(91.8)
(548.8)
(8.8)

488.0
37.7
41.0
508.2
(1.0)
507.2

(247.6)
(10.2)
21.9
11.5
1.0
(321.5)
43.9
(3.8)
—
(4.6)
(509.4)
—
(509.4)

1.1
106.9
5.7
26.3
—
1.1
0.4
(13.8)
9.5
(18.0)
(2.0)

(80.3)
(27.3)
(41.1)

(27.2)
7.5
118.7
486.2
(1.1)
485.1

(209.2)
(0.4)
5.5
2.6
—
(205.2)
41.4
—
0.5
(11.2)
(376.0)
—
(376.0)

0.9
95.3
5.7
21.3
—
0.7
—
(9.8)
9.9
(10.0)
(6.8)

(46.3)
(400.1)
(21.5)

364.2
36.7
63.8
478.9
5.2
484.1

(160.8)
(41.9)
3.1
22.7
2.5
(87.9)
10.1
—
—
(5.6)
(257.8)
—
(257.8)

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

61

 
AUTONATION, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31, 
(In millions)

(Continued)

CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

2015

2014

2013

Repurchases of common stock

Proceeds from 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021

Proceeds from 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025

Payment of term loan facility

Proceeds from revolving credit facilities

Payments of revolving credit facilities

Net proceeds from commercial paper

Payment of debt issuance costs
Net proceeds from (payments of) vehicle floorplan payable - non-

trade

Payments of mortgage facilities

Payments of capital lease and other debt obligations

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options

Excess tax benefit from stock-based awards

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations

Net cash used in discontinued operations

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS at beginning of period

(237.3)
300.0

448.5

—

1,410.0
(2,520.0)
599.5
(6.4)

(13.3)
(9.8)
(18.2)
30.0

17.9

0.9

—

0.9
(1.3)
75.4

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS at end of period

$

74.1

$

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

(487.7)
—

—
(500.0)
2,780.0
(1,970.0)
—
(6.0)

61.6
(9.2)
(24.7)
35.1

18.0
(102.9)
—
(102.9)
6.2

69.2

75.4

$

(67.3)
—

—

—

815.0
(1,055.0)
—

—

89.0
(8.7)
(26.2)
22.7

10.0
(220.5)
(6.3)
(226.8)
(0.5)
69.7

69.2

62

 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(All tables in millions, except per share data)

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Business

AutoNation, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is the largest automotive retailer in the United States. As of December 31, 
2015, we owned and operated 342 new vehicle franchises from 254 stores located in the United States, predominantly in 
major metropolitan markets in the Sunbelt region. Our stores sell 35 different new vehicle brands. The core brands of new 
vehicles that we sell, representing approximately 95% of the new vehicles that we sold in 2015, are manufactured by 
Toyota (including Lexus), Ford, Honda, Nissan, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, FCA US (formerly Chrysler), BMW, and 
Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). 

We offer a diversified range of automotive products and services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, “parts and 
service,” which includes automotive repair and maintenance services as well as wholesale parts and collision businesses, 
and automotive “finance and insurance” products, which include vehicle service and other protection products, as well as 
the arranging of financing for vehicle purchases through third-party finance sources. For convenience, the terms 
“AutoNation,” “Company,” and “we” are used to refer collectively to AutoNation, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless 
otherwise required by the context. Our dealership operations are conducted by our subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of AutoNation, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All 

of our automotive dealership subsidiaries are indirectly wholly owned by the parent company, AutoNation, Inc. 
Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 

requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue 
and expenses during the reporting period. In preparing these financial statements, management has made its best estimates 
and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality. We base our 
estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. However, 
application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties 
and, as a result, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. We periodically evaluate estimates and 
assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements and make changes on a prospective basis when adjustments 
are necessary. The significant estimates made in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include certain 
assumptions related to goodwill, intangible assets, long-lived assets, assets held for sale, accruals for chargebacks against 
revenue recognized from the sale of finance and insurance products, accruals related to self-insurance programs, certain 
legal proceedings, estimated tax liabilities, and certain assumptions related to stock-based compensation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less as of the date of purchase to be cash 

equivalents unless the investments are legally or contractually restricted for more than three months. Under our cash 
management system, outstanding checks that are in excess of the cash balances at certain banks are included in Accounts 
Payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and changes in these amounts are reflected in operating cash flows in the 
accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of new and used vehicles held for sale, valued at the lower of cost or market using the 
specific identification method. Cost includes acquisition, reconditioning, dealer installed accessories, and transportation 
expenses. Our new vehicle inventory costs are generally reduced by manufacturer holdbacks (percentage of either the 
manufacturer’s suggested retail price or invoice price of a new vehicle that the manufacturer repays to the dealer), 

63

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

incentives, floorplan assistance, and non-reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising. Parts, accessories, and other 
inventory are valued at the lower of acquisition cost (first-in, first-out) or market. See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements for more detailed information about our inventory. 

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for major additions and 
improvements are capitalized, while minor replacements, maintenance, and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. In 
addition, we capitalize interest on borrowings during the active construction period of capital projects. Capitalized interest 
is added to the cost of the assets and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leased property meeting 
certain criteria is capitalized and the present value of the related lease payments is recorded as a liability and included in 
current and/or long-term debt based on the lease term. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and 
accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in Other Income, Net 
(within Operating Income) in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements for detailed information about our property and equipment.

Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets involved using the straight-line method. Leasehold 
improvements and capitalized lease assets are amortized to depreciation expense over the estimated useful life of the asset 
or the respective lease term used in determining lease classification, whichever is shorter. The range of estimated useful 
lives is as follows:

Buildings and improvements 

Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 

5 to 40 years

3 to 10 years

We continually evaluate property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, to determine whether events or 
changes in circumstances have occurred that may warrant revision of the estimated useful life or whether the remaining 
balance should be evaluated for possible impairment. We use an estimate of the related undiscounted cash flows over the 
remaining life of the property and equipment in assessing whether an asset has been impaired. We measure impairment 
losses based upon the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value. See Note 16 of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements for information about our fair value measurements.

During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.1 million related to long-lived assets held and used in 
continuing operations. The non-cash impairment charges are included in Other Income, Net (within Operating Income) in 
our Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information. 
During 2014, there were no impairment charges recorded for the carrying value of long-lived assets held and used in 
continuing operations.

When property and equipment is identified as held for sale, we reclassify the held for sale assets to Other Current Assets 

and cease recording depreciation. Assets held for sale in both continuing operations and discontinued operations are 
reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information. 

We had assets held for sale of $47.1 million at December 31, 2015, and $64.7 million at December 31, 2014, included 

in continuing operations. We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.0 million in 2015 and $1.1 million in 2014 
associated with assets held for sale in continuing operations. These charges are recorded as a component of Other Income, 
Net (within Operating Income) in the Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” 
category of our segment information. 

We had assets held for sale of $22.3 million at December 31, 2015, and $23.2 million at December 31, 2014, included 

in discontinued operations. We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $0.8 million in 2015 and $0.2 million in 2014 
related to long-lived assets held for sale in discontinued operations. These non-cash impairment charges are included in 
Loss from Discontinued Operations in our Consolidated Statements of Income. 

64

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill consists of the cost of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired. Additionally, 

other intangible assets are separately recognized if the benefit of the intangible asset is obtained through contractual or 
other legal rights, or if the intangible asset can be sold, transferred, licensed, rented, or exchanged, regardless of our intent 
to do so.

Our principal identifiable intangible assets are rights under franchise agreements with vehicle manufacturers. We 
generally expect our franchise agreements to survive for the foreseeable future and, when the agreements do not have 
indefinite terms, anticipate routine renewals of the agreements without substantial cost. The contractual terms of our 
franchise agreements provide for various durations, ranging from one year to no expiration date, and in certain cases, 
manufacturers have undertaken to renew such franchises upon expiration so long as the dealership is in compliance with 
the terms of the agreement. However, in general, the states in which we operate have automotive dealership franchise laws 
that provide that, notwithstanding the terms of any franchise agreement, it is unlawful for a manufacturer to terminate or 
not renew a franchise unless “good cause” exists. It is generally difficult, outside of bankruptcy, for a manufacturer to 
terminate or not renew a franchise under these franchise laws, which were designed to protect dealers. In addition, in our 
experience and historically in the automotive retail industry, dealership franchise agreements are rarely involuntarily 
terminated or not renewed by the manufacturer outside of bankruptcy. Accordingly, we believe that our franchise 
agreements will contribute to cash flows for the foreseeable future and have indefinite lives. Other intangible assets are 
amortized using a straight-line method over their useful lives, generally ranging from three to thirty years.

We do not amortize goodwill or franchise rights assets. Goodwill and franchise rights are tested for impairment annually 

or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. We completed 
our annual impairment tests for both goodwill and franchise rights as of April 30, 2015. Based on our qualitative 
assessment of potential goodwill impairment, we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our 
reporting units were less than their carrying amounts and we recorded no goodwill impairment charges during 2015. Based 
on our qualitative assessment of potential franchise rights impairment, we determined that we should perform a 
quantitative test for certain franchise rights, and no impairment charges resulted from the quantitative test. As a result of 
the unresolved issues related to Volkswagen associated with certain of its diesel engine vehicles, during the fourth quarter 
of 2015, we performed a quantitative impairment test of the franchise rights recorded at our Volkswagen stores. As a result 
of this test, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) to reduce the carrying 
values of the Volkswagen franchise rights to their estimated fair values.

 We completed our annual impairment tests for both goodwill and franchise rights as of April 30, 2014. Based on our 
qualitative assessment of potential goodwill impairment, we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair 
values of our reporting units were less than their carrying amounts and we recorded no goodwill impairment charges 
during 2014. Based on our qualitative assessment of potential franchise rights impairment, we determined that we should 
perform a quantitative test for certain franchise rights, and no impairment charges resulted from the quantitative test. 

See Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our goodwill and other 

intangible assets and Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information about our annual 
impairment tests of goodwill and franchise rights. 

Other Current Assets

Other current assets consist of various items, including, among other items, property and equipment held for sale in 
continuing operations and discontinued operations and prepaid expenses, and at December 31, 2014, also included current 
deferred tax assets. See Note 11 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Other Assets

Other assets consist of various items, including, among other items, service loaner and rental vehicle inventory, net, the 
cash surrender value of corporate-owned life insurance held in a Rabbi Trust for deferred compensation plan participants, 

65

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

and the long-term portions of debt issuance costs and notes receivable. Debt issuance costs are amortized to Other Interest 
Expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consist of various items payable within one year including, among other items, accruals for 
payroll and benefits, sales taxes, the current portions of finance and insurance chargeback liabilities and self-insurance 
reserves, deferred revenue, customer deposits, and accrued expenses. 

Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consist of various items payable beyond one year including, among other items, the long-term portions 

of deferred compensation obligations, self-insurance reserves, and finance and insurance chargeback liabilities. 

Employee Savings Plans

We offer a 401(k) plan to all of our employees and provide a matching contribution to certain employees that participate 

in the plan. We provided a matching contribution of $6.8 million in 2015, $5.9 million in 2014, and $5.2 million in 2013. 
Employer matching contributions are subject to a three-year graded vesting period for employees hired subsequent to 
January 1, 2011, and are fully vested immediately upon contribution for employees hired prior to January 1, 2011.

We offer a deferred compensation plan (the “Plan”) to provide certain employees and non-employee directors with the 

opportunity to accumulate assets for retirement on a tax-deferred basis. Participants in the Plan are allowed to defer a 
portion of their compensation and are fully vested in their respective deferrals and earnings. Participants may choose from 
a variety of investment options, which determine their earnings credits. We provided a matching contribution to employee 
participants in the Plan of $0.6 million for 2015, $0.6 million for 2014, and $0.5 million in 2013. One-third of the 
matching contribution is vested and credited to participants on the first business day of the subsequent calendar year, and 
an additional one-third vests and is credited on each of the first and second anniversaries of such date. We may also make 
discretionary contributions, which vest three years after the effective date of the discretionary contribution. Participants 
eligible for a matching contribution under the Plan are not eligible for a matching contribution in our 401(k) plan. The 
balances due to participants in the Plan were $64.6 million as of December 31, 2015, and $63.4 million as of December 31, 
2014, and are included in Other Current Liabilities and Other Liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance 
Sheets.

Stock-Based Compensation

We grant stock-based awards in the form of stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Stock 

options granted under all plans are non-qualified. Upon exercise, shares of common stock are issued from our treasury 
stock. We use the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine compensation expense associated with our stock options. 
Restricted stock awards, which are considered nonvested share awards as defined under generally accepted accounting 
principles, and RSUs are issued from our treasury stock. Compensation cost for restricted stock awards and RSUs is based 
on the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. Certain of our equity-based compensation plans contain 
provisions that provide for vesting of awards upon retirement. Accordingly, compensation cost for stock-based awards is 
recognized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the shorter of the stated vesting period or the period 
until employees become retirement-eligible. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
information about our stock-based compensation arrangements.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue consists of the sales of new and used vehicles, sales of parts and automotive services, commissions from 
finance and insurance products, and sales of other products. We recognize revenue (which excludes sales taxes) in the 
period in which products are sold or services are provided. The automotive services we provide include, but are not limited 
to, customer-paid repairs and maintenance, as well as repairs and maintenance under manufacturer warranties and extended 
service contracts. We recognize vehicle and finance and insurance revenue when a sales contract has been executed, the 

66

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

vehicle has been delivered, and payment has been received or financing has been arranged. Revenue on finance and 
insurance products represents commissions earned by us for: (i) loans and leases placed with financial institutions in 
connection with customer vehicle purchases financed, (ii) vehicle service contracts sold, and (iii) other protection products 
sold.

We sell and receive a commission, which is recognized upon sale, on the following types of products: extended service 

contracts, maintenance programs, guaranteed auto protection (known as “GAP,” this protection covers the shortfall 
between a customer’s loan balance and insurance payoff in the event of a casualty), “tire and wheel” protection, and theft 
protection products. The products we offer include products that are sold and administered by independent third parties, 
including the vehicle manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries. Pursuant to our arrangements with these third-party 
providers, we primarily sell the products on a straight commission basis; however, we may sell the product, recognize 
commission, and participate in future profit pursuant to retrospective commission arrangements, which is recognized as 
earned. Certain commissions earned from the sales of finance and insurance products are subject to chargeback should the 
contracts be terminated prior to their expirations. An estimated liability for chargebacks against revenue recognized from 
sales of finance and insurance products is recorded in the period in which the related revenue is recognized. Our estimated 
liability for chargebacks is based primarily on our historical chargeback experience, and is influenced by the volume of 
vehicle sales in recent years and increases or decreases in early termination rates resulting from cancellation of vehicle 
service contracts and other protection products, defaults, refinancings and payoffs before maturity, and other factors. 
Chargeback liabilities were $97.3 million at December 31, 2015, and $84.9 million at December 31, 2014. See Note 18 of 
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding chargeback liabilities.

Insurance

Under our self-insurance programs, we retain various levels of aggregate loss limits, per claim deductibles, and claims-
handling expenses as part of our various insurance programs, including property and casualty, employee medical benefits, 
automobile, and workers’ compensation. Costs in excess of this retained risk per claim may be insured under various 
contracts with third-party insurance carriers. We review our claim and loss history on a periodic basis to assist in assessing 
our future liability. The ultimate costs of these retained insurance risks are estimated by management and by third-party 
actuarial evaluation of historical claims experience, adjusted for current trends and changes in claims-handling procedures. 
See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on our self-insurance reserves. 

Manufacturer Incentives and Other Rebates

We receive various incentives from manufacturers based on achieving certain objectives, such as specified sales volume 

targets, as well as other objectives, including maintaining standards of a particular vehicle brand, which may include but 
are not limited to facility image and design requirements, customer satisfaction survey results, and training standards, 
among others. These incentives are typically based upon units purchased or sold. These manufacturer incentives are 
recognized as a reduction of new vehicle cost of sales when earned, generally at the time the related vehicles are sold or 
upon attainment of the particular program goals, whichever is later.

We also receive manufacturer rebates and assistance for holdbacks, floorplan interest, and non-reimbursement-based 
advertising expenses (described below), which are reflected as a reduction in the carrying value of each vehicle purchased 
by us. We recognize holdbacks, floorplan interest assistance, non-reimbursement-based advertising rebates, cash 
incentives, and other rebates received from manufacturers that are tied to specific vehicles as a reduction to cost of sales as 
the related vehicles are sold.

Advertising

We generally expense the cost of advertising as incurred, net of earned manufacturer reimbursements for specific 

advertising costs and other discounts. Advertising expense, net of manufacturer advertising reimbursements, was 
$188.5 million in 2015, $164.9 million in 2014, and $166.4 million in 2013, and is reflected as a component of Selling, 
General, and Administrative Expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.  

67

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Manufacturer advertising rebates that are reimbursements of costs associated with specific advertising expenses are 
earned in accordance with the respective manufacturers’ reimbursement-based advertising assistance programs, which is 
typically after we have incurred the corresponding advertising expenses, and are reflected as a reduction of advertising 
expense. Manufacturer advertising reimbursements classified as an offset to advertising expenses were $56.4 million in 
2015, $47.1 million in 2014, and $42.4 million in 2013. All other non-reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising 
rebates that are not associated with specific advertising expenses are recorded as a reduction of inventory and recognized 
as a reduction of new vehicle cost of sales in the period the related vehicle is sold.

Parts and Service Internal Profit

Our parts and service departments provide reconditioning repair work for the majority of used vehicles acquired by our 

used vehicle departments and minor preparatory work for new vehicles acquired by our new vehicle departments. The 
parts and service departments charge the new and used vehicle departments as if they were third parties in order to account 
for total activity performed by that department. Revenues and costs of sales associated with the internal work performed by 
our parts and service departments are reflected in our parts and service results in our Consolidated Statements of Income. 
New and used vehicle revenues and costs of sales are reduced by the amount of the intracompany charge. As a result, the 
revenues and costs of sales associated with the internal work performed by our parts and service departments are 
eliminated in consolidation. We also maintain a reserve for internal profit on vehicles that have not been sold.

Income Taxes

We file a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred income taxes have been provided for temporary differences 
between the recognition of revenue and expenses for financial and income tax reporting purposes and between the tax basis 
of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. See Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements for more detailed information related to income taxes.

Taxes Assessed by Governmental Authorities

Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are directly imposed on revenue transactions are excluded from 

revenue in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common 

shares outstanding for the period, including outstanding unvested restricted stock awards which contain rights to non-
forfeitable dividends and vested restricted stock unit awards. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net 
income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, noted above, adjusted for the dilutive effect of stock 
options. See Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the computation of 
earnings (loss) per share.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standard update that amends 

the accounting guidance on revenue recognition. The amendments in this accounting standard update are intended to 
provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues, improve comparability of revenue recognition practices, 
and improve disclosure requirements. The amendments in this accounting standard update will be applied using either of 
the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior 
reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative 
effect of initially adopting the standard recognized at the date of adoption (which requires additional footnote disclosures). 
This accounting standard update was originally effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after 
December 15, 2016, with no early adoption permitted. However, in August 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard 
update that delays the effective date by one year for all entities with the option to adopt the standard as of the original 

68

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

effective date. We are currently evaluating the method of adoption and the impact of the provisions of the accounting 
standard update.

Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs

In April 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard update to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs. The 

amendments in this accounting standard update require debt issuance costs be presented on the balance sheet as a direct 
reduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability. In August 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard 
update that allows the presentation of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements as an asset on the balance 
sheet under the simplified guidance, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the related 
arrangements. The amendments in these accounting standard updates are to be applied retrospectively and are effective for 
interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of these accounting standard 
updates will not have a material impact on our balance sheet.

Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes

In November 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard update to simplify the presentation of deferred income 
taxes. The amendments in this accounting standard update require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as 
noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in these accounting standard updates may be 
applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented and are 
effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Earlier application is permitted for 
all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. We adopted this accounting standard update 
prospectively effective October 1, 2015, and prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. See Note 11 of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

2. RECEIVABLES, NET

The components of receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, at December 31 are as follows:

Trade receivables
Manufacturer receivables
Other

Less: allowances for doubtful accounts

Contracts-in-transit and vehicle receivables
Income tax refundable (See Note 11)

Receivables, net

2015

2014

$

$

133.6
221.4
38.0
393.0
(4.5)
388.5
508.0
11.7
908.2

$

$

125.0
198.3
37.9
361.2
(3.7)
357.5
460.3
—
817.8

Trade receivables represent amounts due for parts and services that have been delivered or sold, excluding amounts due 

from manufacturers, as well receivables from finance organizations for commissions on the sale of financing products. 
Manufacturer receivables represent amounts due from manufacturers for holdbacks, rebates, incentives, floorplan 
assistance, and warranty claims. Contracts-in-transit and vehicle receivables primarily represent receivables from financial 
institutions for the portion of the vehicle sales price financed by our customers. 

We evaluate our receivables for collectability based on the age of receivables and past collection experience. 

69

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

3. INVENTORY AND VEHICLE FLOORPLAN PAYABLE

The components of inventory at December 31 are as follows:

New vehicles

Used vehicles

Parts, accessories, and other

Inventory

2015

2014

2,888.1

$

2,294.3

539.7

184.2

437.6

167.1

3,612.0

$

2,899.0

$

$

The components of vehicle floorplan payables at December 31 are as follows:

Vehicle floorplan payable - trade

Vehicle floorplan payable - non-trade

Vehicle floorplan payable

2015

2014

$

$

2,565.8

1,161.3

3,727.1

$

$

2,090.7

1,006.5

3,097.2

Vehicle floorplan payable-trade reflects amounts borrowed to finance the purchase of specific new vehicle inventories 
with the corresponding manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries (“trade lenders”). Vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade 
represents amounts borrowed to finance the purchase of specific new and, to a lesser extent, used vehicle inventories with 
non-trade lenders, as well as amounts borrowed under our secured used floorplan facilities. Changes in vehicle floorplan 
payable-trade are reported as operating cash flows and changes in vehicle floorplan payable-non-trade are reported as 
financing cash flows in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Our inventory costs are generally reduced by manufacturer holdbacks, incentives, floorplan assistance, and non-

reimbursement-based manufacturer advertising, while the related vehicle floorplan payables are reflective of the gross cost 
of the vehicle. The vehicle floorplan payables, as shown in the above table, will generally also be higher than the inventory 
cost due to the timing of the sale of a vehicle and payment of the related liability.

Vehicle floorplan facilities are due on demand, but in the case of new vehicle inventories, are generally paid within 
several business days after the related vehicles are sold. Our manufacturer agreements generally allow the manufacturer to 
draft against the new vehicle floorplan facilities so the lender directly funds the manufacturer for the purchase of new 
vehicle inventory. Vehicle floorplan facilities are primarily collateralized by vehicle inventories and related receivables.

Our new vehicle floorplan facilities utilize LIBOR-based interest rates, which averaged 1.8% during 2015 and 1.8% 
during 2014. At December 31, 2015, the aggregate capacity under our floorplan credit agreements with various lenders to 
finance our new vehicle inventory was approximately $4.3 billion, of which $3.5 billion had been borrowed.

Our used vehicle floorplan facilities utilize LIBOR-based interest rates, which averaged 1.7% during 2015 and 1.7% 
during 2014. At December 31, 2015, the aggregate capacity under our floorplan credit agreements with various lenders to 
finance a portion of our used vehicle inventory was $350.0 million, of which $212.5 million had been borrowed. The 
remaining borrowing capacity of $137.5 million was limited to $127.1 million based on the eligible used vehicle inventory 
that could have been pledged as collateral. 

70

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

A summary of property and equipment, net, at December 31 is as follows:

Land

Buildings and improvements

Furniture, fixtures, and equipment

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

Property and equipment, net

2015

2014

$

1,178.4

$

1,856.6

642.2

3,677.2
(1,009.8)
2,667.4

$

$

1,090.4

1,683.4

578.7

3,352.5
(930.5)
2,422.0

We capitalized interest in connection with various construction projects to upgrade or remodel our facilities of 

$0.9 million in 2015, $1.2 million in 2014, and $0.7 million in 2013.

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill and intangible assets, net, at December 31 consisted of the following:

Goodwill

Franchise rights - indefinite-lived

Other intangible assets

Less: accumulated amortization

Intangible assets, net

Goodwill

2015

2014

$

$

$

1,394.5

432.4

14.3

446.7
(6.8)
439.9

$

$

$

1,314.7

348.1

12.6

360.7
(6.0)
354.7

 Goodwill allocated to our reporting units and changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended 

December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

Goodwill at January 1, 2014 (1) 

Acquisitions, dispositions, and other
adjustments

Goodwill at December 31, 2014 (1) 

Acquisitions, dispositions, and other
adjustments

Goodwill at December 31, 2015 (1)

Domestic

Import

Premium
Luxury

Corporate
and other

Consolidated

$

165.2

$

555.8

$

538.6

$

— $

1,259.6

9.9

175.1

28.0

(4.2)
551.6

19.3

49.4

588.0

32.5

—

—

—

55.1

1,314.7

79.8

$

203.1

$

570.9

$

620.5

$

— $

1,394.5

(1)  Net of accumulated impairment losses of $1.47 billion ($1.25 billion after-tax) associated with our single reporting 
unit (prior to September 30, 2008, our reporting unit structure was comprised of a single reporting unit) and 
$140.0 million ($119.0 million after-tax) associated with our Domestic reporting unit, both of which were recorded 
during the year ended December 31, 2008. 

71

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Intangible Assets

Our principal identifiable intangible assets are individual store rights under franchise agreements with vehicle 

manufacturers. As of December 31, 2015, we had $432.4 million of franchise rights recorded on our Consolidated Balance 
Sheet, of which $67.9 million was related to Domestic stores, $120.9 million was related to Import stores, and $243.6 
million was related to Premium Luxury stores.

See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our annual impairment tests 

of goodwill and franchise rights.  

6. SELF-INSURANCE

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, current and long-term self-insurance reserves were included in Other Current 

Liabilities and Other Liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

Self-insurance reserves - current portion
Self-insurance reserves - long-term portion

Total self-insurance reserves

7. LONG-TERM DEBT AND COMMERCIAL PAPER 

Long-term debt at December 31 consisted of the following:

6.75% Senior Notes due 2018
5.5% Senior Notes due 2020
3.35% Senior Notes due 2021
4.5% Senior Notes due 2025
Revolving credit facility due 2019
Mortgage facility(1)
Capital leases and other debt

Less: current maturities

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

2015

2014

$

$

$

$

27.2

47.6

74.8

2015

397.9
350.0
300.0
448.5
—
175.7
95.0
1,767.1
(13.4)
1,753.7

$

$

$

$

24.9

46.5

71.4

2014

397.1
350.0
—
—
1,110.0
185.5
85.8
2,128.4
(25.0)
2,103.4

(1)  The mortgage facility requires monthly principal and interest payments of $1.7 million based on a fixed 

amortization schedule with a balloon payment of $155.4 million due November 2017.

72

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

At December 31, 2015, aggregate maturities of non-vehicle long-term debt were as follows:

Year Ending December 31:

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

$

13.4

178.4

401.3

42.2

352.5

779.3

$

1,767.1

Senior Unsecured Notes and Credit Agreement

On September 21, 2015, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 (the 
“2021 Notes”). The 2021 Notes were sold at 99.998% of the aggregate principal amount. Interest on the 2021 Notes is 
payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year. These notes will mature on January 15, 2021. At December 31, 2015, we 
had outstanding $300.0 million of 2021 Notes, net of debt discount. 

On September 21, 2015, we also issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025 (the 

“2025 Notes”). The 2025 Notes were sold at 99.663% of the aggregate principal amount. Interest on the 2025 Notes is 
payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year. These notes will mature on October 1, 2025. At December 31, 2015, we had 
outstanding $448.5 million of 2025 Notes, net of debt discount. 

The interest rate payable on the 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain 
credit rating events as provided in the indentures for these senior unsecured notes. Proceeds from the issuance of these 
senior unsecured notes were used to reduce borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general corporate 
purposes. In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes, we incurred $6.4 million in debt issuance 
costs that will be amortized to interest expense over the terms of the related debt arrangements.

At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding $397.9 million of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2018, net of debt discount. 

Interest is payable on April 15 and October 15 of each year. These notes will mature on April 15, 2018.

At December 31, 2015, we had outstanding $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.5% Senior Notes due 2020. 

Interest is payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year. These notes will mature on February 1, 2020.

Under our credit agreement, we have a $1.8 billion revolving credit facility that matures on December 3, 2019. The 

credit agreement also contains an accordion feature that allows us, subject to credit availability and certain other 
conditions, to increase the amount of the revolving credit facility, together with any added term loans, by up to $500.0 
million in the aggregate. As of December 31, 2015, we had no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. 
We have a $200.0 million letter of credit sublimit as part of our revolving credit facility. The amount available to be 
borrowed under the revolving credit facility is reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the cumulative amount of any 
outstanding letters of credit, which was $44.1 million at December 31, 2015, leaving an additional borrowing capacity 
under the revolving credit facility of $1.8 billion at December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, this borrowing capacity 
was limited under the maximum consolidated leverage ratio contained in our credit agreement to $1.5 billion. 

Our revolving credit facility provides for a commitment fee on undrawn amounts ranging from 0.175% to 0.25% and 
interest on borrowings at LIBOR or the base rate, in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges 
from 1.25% to 1.625% for LIBOR borrowings and 0.25% to 0.625% for base rate borrowings. The interest rate charged for 
our revolving credit facility is affected by our leverage ratio. For instance, an increase in our leverage ratio from greater 
than or equal to 2.0x but less than 3.25x to greater than or equal to 3.25x would result in a 12.5 basis point increase in the 
interest rate.

73

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Our senior unsecured notes and borrowings under our credit agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of our 

subsidiaries. Within the meaning of Regulation S-X, Rule 3-10, AutoNation, Inc. (the parent company) has no independent 
assets or operations, the guarantees of its subsidiaries are full and unconditional and joint and several, and any subsidiaries 
other than the guarantor subsidiaries are minor.

Other Long-Term Debt

At December 31, 2015, we had $175.7 million outstanding under a mortgage facility with an automotive manufacturer’s 

captive finance subsidiary that matures on November 30, 2017. The mortgage facility utilizes a fixed interest rate of 
5.864% and is secured by 10-year mortgages on certain of our store properties. The mortgage facility requires monthly 
principal and interest payments of $1.7 million based on a fixed amortization schedule with a balloon payment of 
$155.4 million due November 2017. Repayment of the mortgage facility is subject to a prepayment penalty.

At December 31, 2015, we had capital lease and other debt obligations of $95.0 million, which are due at various dates 
through 2034. See Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to capital lease 
obligations.

Commercial Paper 

On May 22, 2015, we established a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, unsecured 

commercial paper notes on a private placement basis up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any time of 
$300.0 million. On August 4, 2015, we increased the maximum aggregate principal amount that may be outstanding at any 
time to $1.0 billion. The interest rate for the commercial paper notes varies based on duration and market conditions. The 
maturities of the commercial paper notes may vary, but may not exceed 397 days from the date of issuance. The 
commercial paper notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our subsidiaries. Proceeds from the issuance of commercial 
paper notes are used to repay borrowings under the revolving credit facility, to finance acquisitions and for working 
capital, capital expenditures, share repurchases and/or other general corporate purposes. We plan to use the revolving credit 
facility under our credit agreement as a liquidity backstop for borrowings under the commercial paper program. A 
downgrade in our credit ratings could negatively impact our ability to issue, or the interest rates for, commercial paper 
notes. 

At December 31, 2015, we had $599.5 million of commercial paper notes outstanding with a weighted-average annual 

interest rate of 0.92% and a weighted-average remaining term of 20 days. 

Restrictions and Covenants

Our credit agreement, the indentures for our senior unsecured notes, our vehicle floorplan facilities, and our mortgage 
facility contain numerous customary financial and operating covenants that place significant restrictions on us, including 
our ability to incur additional indebtedness or prepay existing indebtedness, to create liens or other encumbrances, to sell 
(or otherwise dispose of) assets, and to merge or consolidate with other entities.

Under our credit agreement, we are required to remain in compliance with a maximum leverage ratio and maximum 
capitalization ratio. The leverage ratio is a contractually defined amount principally reflecting non-vehicle debt divided by 
a contractually defined measure of earnings with certain adjustments. The capitalization ratio is a contractually defined 
amount principally reflecting vehicle floorplan payable and non-vehicle debt divided by our total capitalization including 
vehicle floorplan payable. Under our credit agreement, the maximum leverage ratio is 3.75x and the maximum 
capitalization ratio is 70.0%. In calculating our leverage and capitalization ratios, we are not required to include letters of 
credit in the definition of debt (except to the extent of letters of credit in excess of $150.0 million). In addition, in 
calculating our capitalization ratio, we are permitted to add back to shareholders’ equity all goodwill, franchise rights, and 
long-lived asset impairment charges subsequent to September 30, 2014 plus $1.53 billion. 

The indentures for our senior unsecured notes contain certain limited covenants, including limitations on liens and sale 

and leaseback transactions. Our mortgage facility contains covenants regarding maximum cash flow leverage and 
minimum interest coverage. 

74

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our debt agreements could result in the acceleration of all of our 

indebtedness. Our debt agreements have cross-default provisions that trigger a default in the event of an uncured default 
under other material indebtedness of AutoNation.

Under the terms of our credit agreement, at December 31, 2015, our leverage ratio and capitalization ratio were as 

follows:

Leverage ratio
Capitalization ratio

December 31, 2015

Requirement    

Actual    
2.32x
61.0%

Both the leverage ratio and the capitalization ratio limit our ability to incur additional non-vehicle debt. The 
capitalization ratio also limits our ability to incur additional vehicle floorplan indebtedness and repurchase shares.

8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

We are involved, and will continue to be involved, in numerous legal proceedings arising out of the conduct of our 
business, including litigation with customers, wage and hour and other employment-related lawsuits, and actions brought 
by governmental authorities. Some of these lawsuits purport or may be determined to be class or collective actions and 
seek substantial damages or injunctive relief, or both, and some may remain unresolved for several years. We establish 
accruals for specific legal proceedings when it is considered probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the 
loss can be reasonably estimated. Our accruals for loss contingencies are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as additional 
information becomes available. We disclose the amount accrued if material or if such disclosure is necessary for our 
financial statements to not be misleading. If a loss is not both probable and reasonably estimable, or if an exposure to loss 
exists in excess of the amount accrued, we assess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional 
loss, may have been incurred. If there is a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional loss, may have been incurred, we 
disclose the estimate of the possible loss or range of loss if it is material or a statement that such an estimate cannot be 
made. Our evaluation of whether a loss is reasonably possible or probable is based on our assessment and consultation with 
legal counsel regarding the ultimate outcome of the matter.

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we believe we have adequately accrued for the potential impact of loss 

contingencies that are probable and reasonably estimable, and there was no indication of a reasonable possibility that a 
material loss, or additional material loss, may have been incurred. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of any of 
these matters will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. However, 
the results of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, and an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these 
matters could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Lease Commitments

We lease real property, equipment, and software under various operating leases, most of which have terms from one to 

twenty years. 

Expenses under real property, equipment, and software leases were $51.4 million in 2015, $49.0 million in 2014, and 
$47.6 million in 2013. The leases require payment of real estate taxes, insurance, and maintenance in addition to rent. Most 
of the leases contain renewal options, rent abatements, and rent escalation clauses. Lease expense is recognized on a 
straight-line basis over the term of the lease, including any option periods, as appropriate. The same lease term is used for 
lease classification, the amortization period of related leasehold improvements, and the estimation of future lease 
commitments.  

75

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Future minimum lease obligations under non-cancelable real property, equipment, and software leases with initial terms 

in excess of one year at December 31, 2015, are as follows:

Noncancelable Lease Commitments

Capital (1)

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

Less: Amounts representing interest

$

$

$

Operating(1) (2)
45.9
$

41.0

37.5

34.0

32.8

210.3

401.5

7.3

17.0

6.6

30.7

4.7

42.5

$

108.8
(30.3)
78.5

(1)   Amounts for capital and operating lease commitments do not include certain operating expenses such as 
maintenance, insurance, and real estate taxes. In 2015, these charges totaled approximately $26 million. 
(2)  Future minimum operating lease payments do not reflect future minimum sublease income of $2.2 million.  

Additionally, operating leases that are on a month-to-month basis are not included. 

Other Matters

AutoNation, acting through its subsidiaries, is the lessee under many real estate leases that provide for the use by our 
subsidiaries of their respective dealership premises. Pursuant to these leases, our subsidiaries generally agree to indemnify 
the lessor and other related parties from certain liabilities arising as a result of the use of the leased premises, including 
environmental liabilities, or a breach of the lease by the lessee. Additionally, from time to time, we enter into agreements 
with third parties in connection with the sale of assets or businesses in which we agree to indemnify the purchaser or 
related parties from certain liabilities or costs arising in connection with the assets or business. Also, in the ordinary course 
of business in connection with purchases or sales of goods and services, we enter into agreements that may contain 
indemnification provisions. In the event that an indemnification claim is asserted, our liability would be limited by the 
terms of the applicable agreement.

From time to time, primarily in connection with dispositions of automotive stores, our subsidiaries assign or sublet to 
the dealership purchaser the subsidiaries’ interests in any real property leases associated with such stores. In general, our 
subsidiaries retain responsibility for the performance of certain obligations under such leases to the extent that the assignee 
or sublessee does not perform, whether such performance is required prior to or following the assignment or subletting of 
the lease. Additionally, AutoNation and its subsidiaries generally remain subject to the terms of any guarantees made by us 
in connection with such leases. We generally have indemnification rights against the assignee or sublessee in the event of 
non-performance under these leases, as well as certain defenses. We presently have no reason to believe that we or our 
subsidiaries will be called on to perform under any such remaining assigned leases or subleases. We estimate that lessee 
rental payment obligations during the remaining terms of these leases with expirations ranging from 2016 to 2034 are 
approximately $29 million at December 31, 2015. There can be no assurance that any performance of AutoNation or its 
subsidiaries required under these leases would not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and 
cash flows.

At December 31, 2015, surety bonds, letters of credit, and cash deposits totaled $98.9 million, of which $44.1 million 

represented letters of credit. In the ordinary course of business, we are required to post performance and surety bonds, 
letters of credit, and/or cash deposits as financial guarantees of our performance. We do not currently provide cash 
collateral for outstanding letters of credit. 

76

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to numerous laws and regulations, including automotive, 

environmental, health and safety, and other laws and regulations. We do not anticipate that the costs of such compliance 
will have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition, 
although such outcome is possible given the nature of our operations and the extensive legal and regulatory framework 
applicable to our business. 

Further, we expect that new laws and regulations, particularly at the federal level, in other areas may be enacted, which 
could also materially adversely impact our business. We do not have any material known environmental commitments or 
contingencies.

9. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

A summary of shares repurchased under our share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors follows:

Shares repurchased

Aggregate purchase price

Average purchase price per share

2015

2014

2013

3.9

235.1

60.49

$

$

9.4

485.1

51.59

$

$

1.1

53.5

47.37

$

$

 From January 1, 2016 through February 8, 2016, we repurchased 3.6 million shares for an aggregate purchase price of 
$160.3 million (average purchase price per share of $44.79). As of February 8, 2016, $135.3 million remained available for 
share repurchases under our stock repurchase limit most recently authorized by our Board of Directors.

Our Board of Directors authorized the retirement of 43.0 million shares of our treasury stock in October 2015, which 
assumed the status of authorized but unissued shares. Upon the retirement of treasury stock, it is our policy to charge the 
excess of the cost of the treasury stock over its par value entirely to additional paid-in capital. Any amounts exceeding 
additional paid-in capital are charged to retained earnings. This retirement had the effect of reducing treasury stock and 
issued common stock, which includes treasury stock. Our common stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings, and 
treasury stock accounts were adjusted accordingly. There was no impact to shareholders’ equity or outstanding common 
stock.

We have 5.0 million authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, none of which are issued or 

outstanding. The Board of Directors has the authority to issue the preferred stock in one or more series and to establish the 
rights, preferences, and dividends.

A summary of shares of common stock issued in connection with the exercise of stock options follows:

Shares issued
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options
Average exercise price per share

2015

2014

2013

1.3
30.0
23.33

$
$

1.7
35.1
20.50

$
$

1.1
22.7
20.31

$
$

77

 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

The following table presents a summary of shares of common stock issued in connection with grants of restricted stock 

and shares surrendered to AutoNation to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted 
stock (in actual number of shares):

Shares issued

Shares surrendered to AutoNation to satisfy tax

withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of
restricted stock

2015

2014

2013

159,442

154,540

137,144

36,712

46,752

44,738

10. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The AutoNation, Inc. 2008 Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”) provides for the grant of stock options, stock 
appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock-based and cash-based awards to employees. A 
maximum of 12.0 million shares may be issued under the 2008 Plan, provided that no more than 2.0 million shares may be 
issued pursuant to the grant of awards, other than options or stock appreciation rights, that are settled in shares. The 
exercise price of all stock options granted in 2015 under the 2008 Plan, is equal to the closing price of our common stock 
on the date such awards were granted.

The AutoNation, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Director Equity Plan (the “2014 Director Plan”) provides for the grant of 
stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, and other stock-based awards to our non-
employee directors. A maximum of 1.0 million shares may be issued under the 2014 Director Plan. Additionally, no 
director may be granted awards in any calendar year with an aggregate grant date fair market value (determined, with 
respect to options and stock appreciation rights, based on a Black-Scholes or other option valuation methodology approved 
by the Compensation Committee) in excess of $750,000 per director. 

Stock Options

In 2015, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors approved the grant of 1.0 million employee stock 
options. Generally, employee stock option awards are granted quarterly on the first trading day of each of March, June, 
September, and December. The options granted in 2015 have an exercise price equal to the closing price per share on the 
grant date ($62.60 on March 2, $62.93 on June 1, $58.08 on September 1, and $64.48 on December 1, 2015). 

Stock options granted under all plans are non-qualified. Upon exercise, shares of common stock are issued from our 
treasury stock. Employee stock options generally have a term of 10 years from the first date of grant (i.e., employee stock 
options granted in 2015 will expire on March 2, 2025) and vest in equal installments over four years commencing on 
June 1 of the year following the grant date (e.g., 25% of each option grant made in 2015 will vest on June 1, 2016). 

We use the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine compensation expense and amortize compensation expense on 
a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period of the grants. Certain of our equity-based 
compensation plans contain provisions that provide for vesting of awards upon retirement. Accordingly, compensation cost 
is recognized over the shorter of the stated vesting period or the period until employees become retirement-eligible.

The following table summarizes the assumptions used related to the valuation of our stock options during 2015, 2014, 

and 2013:

Risk-free interest rate
Expected dividend yield
Expected term
Expected volatility

78

2015

Grant Year
2014
0.76% - 1.86% 1.11% - 2.04% 0.58% - 2.24%
—
4 - 7 years
29% - 44%

—
2 - 7 years
24% - 34%

—
4 - 7 years
25% - 36%

2013

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the time of the grant with a remaining term equal 
to the expected term used for stock options granted. The expected term of stock options granted is derived from historical 
data and represents the period of time that stock options are expected to be outstanding. The expected volatility is based on 
historical volatility, implied volatility, and other factors.

The following table summarizes stock option activity during 2015:

Stock Options

Options outstanding at January 1
Granted (1)
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired
Options outstanding as of December 31
Options exercisable at December 31
Options exercisable at December 31 and

expected to vest thereafter

Options available for future grants at

December 31

Shares
(in millions)

Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
36.43
$
5.0
62.06
1.0
$
(1.3) $
23.33
(0.1) $
51.50
— $
—
45.07
$
4.6
35.09
$
2.3

4.6

$

44.76

4.3

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in millions)

6.89
5.55

6.80

$
$

$

70.1
57.1

70.4

(1)  The options granted during 2015, are primarily related to our employee quarterly stock option award grants in March, 

June, September, and December 2015.

The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted and total intrinsic value of stock options exercised 

are summarized in the following table:

Weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted

Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised (in millions)

2015

2014

2013

$

$

19.38

51.9

$

$

20.56

56.2

$

$

17.93

31.3

Restricted Stock

In 2015, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors approved the grant of 0.2 million shares of restricted 

stock. Restricted stock awards are granted to restricted stock-eligible employees generally on the first trading day of 
March.

Restricted stock awards are considered nonvested share awards as defined under generally accepted accounting 
principles and are issued from our treasury stock. Restricted stock awards vest in equal installments over four years 
commencing on June 1 of the year following the grant date. Compensation cost for restricted stock awards is based on the 
closing price of our common stock on the date of grant and is recognized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated 
forfeitures, over the shorter of the stated vesting period or the period until employees become retirement-eligible.

79

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

The following table summarizes information about vested and unvested restricted stock for 2015:

Nonvested at January 1
Granted (1)
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31

Restricted Stock

Shares
(in actual number 
of shares)

Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

306,442
$
$
159,442
(140,019) $
(41,581) $
$
284,284

42.52
62.54
41.44
48.02
53.11

(1)  The restricted stock awards granted during 2015 are primarily related to our employee annual 

restricted stock award grant in March 2015.

The weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards granted and total fair value of restricted stock 

awards vested are summarized in the following table:

Weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards granted
Total fair value of restricted stock awards vested (in millions)

$
$

62.54
8.8

$
$

52.87
8.1

$
$

43.45
6.8

2015

2014

2013

Restricted Stock Units

We began granting restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under our 2014 Director Plan in 2014. On January 2, 2015, each of 

our non-employee directors received a grant of 5,000 RSUs under the 2014 Director Plan. RSUs granted to our non-
employee directors are fully vested on the grant date and are settled in shares of the Company’s common stock on the first 
trading day of February in the third year following the grant date, unless the non-employee director elects to defer delivery 
in accordance with the terms of the award and the 2014 Director Plan. Settlement of the RSUs will be accelerated in 
certain circumstances as provided in the terms of the award and the 2014 Director Plan, including in the event the non-
employee director ceases to serve as a non-employee director of the Company. Compensation cost is recognized on the 
grant date and is based on the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. 

The weighted average grant-date fair value and total grant-date fair value of RSUs granted (and vested) are summarized 

in the following table:

Weighted average grant-date fair value of RSUs granted
Total fair value of RSUs granted (in millions)

Compensation Expense

2015

2014

2013

$
$

60.04
2.7

$
$

53.57
2.1

$
$

—
—

The following table summarizes the total stock-based compensation expense recognized in Selling, General, and 
Administrative Expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and the total recognized tax benefit related thereto:

Stock options
Restricted stock
RSUs
Total stock-based compensation expense

Tax benefit related to stock-based compensation expense

80

2015

2014

2013

$

$

$

14.8
6.5
2.7
24.0

9.2

$

$

$

18.4
5.8
2.1
26.3

10.0

$

$

$

16.6
4.7
—
21.3

8.1

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

As of December 31, 2015, there was $24.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-

based compensation arrangements, of which $14.4 million relates to stock options and $9.6 million relates to restricted 
stock. These amounts are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.77 years.

We realized tax benefits related to stock options exercised and vesting of restricted stock of $23.3 million in 2015, $24.1 

million in 2014, and $14.3 million in 2013.

11. INCOME TAXES

The components of the income tax provision from continuing operations for the years ended December 31 are as 

follows:

Current:
Federal
State

Federal and state deferred
Change in valuation allowance, net
Adjustments and settlements
Income tax provision

2015

2014

2013

$

$

235.0
34.1
10.3
0.1
(0.5)
279.0

$

$

220.9
32.2
9.5
—
(0.1)
262.5

$

$

189.7
28.9
13.4
(3.7)
0.3
228.6

A reconciliation of the income tax provision calculated using the statutory federal income tax rate to our income tax 

provision from continuing operations for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

Income tax provision at statutory rate
Non-deductible expenses (income), net
State income taxes, net of federal benefit

Change in valuation allowance, net
Adjustments and settlements
Other, net
Income tax provision

2015

%

2014

%

2013

%

$

$

253.0
3.5
23.6
280.1
0.1
(0.5)
(0.7)
279.0

35.0
0.5
3.3
38.8
—
(0.1)
(0.1)
38.6

$

$

238.8
1.3
23.2
263.3
—
(0.1)
(0.7)
262.5

35.0
0.2
3.4
38.6
—
—
(0.1)
38.5

$

$

211.6
(0.6)
21.7
232.7
(3.7)
0.3
(0.7)
228.6

35.0
(0.1)
3.6
38.5
(0.6)
—
(0.1)
37.8

81

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Deferred income tax asset and liability components at December 31 are as follows:

Deferred income tax assets:

Inventory
Receivable reserves
Warranty, chargeback, and self-insurance liabilities
Other accrued liabilities
Deferred compensation
Stock-based compensation
Loss carryforwards—federal and state
Other, net

Total deferred income tax assets

Valuation allowance
Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance
Deferred income tax liabilities:

Long-lived assets (intangible assets and property)
Other, net

Total deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liabilities

2015

2014

$

$

$

35.1
2.9
63.5
32.6
28.5
24.3
13.3
6.8
207.0
(2.4)
204.6

(263.8)
(19.4)
(283.2)
(78.6) $

28.9
3.0
57.8
25.1
24.0
26.8
7.2
13.2
186.0
(2.5)
183.5

(233.6)
(19.2)
(252.8)
(69.3)

As discussed in Note 1 above, in November 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standard update that requires deferred 
tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. As permitted, we adopted 
this accounting standard update prospectively effective October 1, 2015. Accordingly, our net deferred tax liability of  
$78.6 million is classified as Deferred Income Taxes in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 
2015. We did not adjust prior periods retrospectively for the new accounting standard, and therefore, as of December 31, 
2014, $68.6 million of current deferred income tax assets are classified as Other Current Assets and $137.9 million of 
noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities are classified as Deferred Income Taxes in the accompanying Consolidated 
Balance Sheet. 

Income taxes refundable included in Receivables, net totaled $11.7 million at December 31, 2015. Income taxes payable 

included in Other Current Liabilities totaled $17.5 million at December 31, 2014.

At December 31, 2015, we had $110.3 million of gross domestic state net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss 

carryforwards, and $4.2 million of state tax credits, all of which result in a deferred tax asset of $7.3 million and expire 
from 2016 through 2033. At December 31, 2015, we had $2.4 million of valuation allowance related to these loss 
carryforwards. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some 
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We provide valuation allowances to offset portions of deferred 
tax assets due to uncertainty surrounding the future realization of such deferred tax assets. We adjust the valuation 
allowance in the period management determines it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will or will not be 
realized. Certain decreases to valuation allowances are offset against intangible assets associated with business acquisitions 
accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. As a matter of course, various taxing 
authorities, including the IRS, regularly audit us. These audits may result in proposed assessments where the ultimate 
resolution may result in our owing additional taxes. Currently, no tax years are under examination by the IRS and tax years 
from 2009 to 2014 are under examination by U.S. state jurisdictions. We believe that our tax positions comply with 
applicable tax law and that we have adequately provided for these matters.

82

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

Balance at January 1
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
Additions for tax positions of prior years
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
Reductions for expirations of statute of limitations
Settlements
Balance at December 31

$

$

2015

2014

2013

4.9
—
0.7
—
—
—
5.6

$

$

4.8
—
0.9
(0.1)
(0.4)
(0.3)
4.9

$

$

6.8
—
0.8
(0.2)
(2.2)
(0.4)
4.8

We had accumulated interest and penalties associated with these unrecognized tax benefits of $5.5 million at 

December 31, 2015, $5.3 million at December 31, 2014, and $5.1 million at December 31, 2013. We additionally had a 
deferred tax asset of $4.0 million at December 31, 2015, $3.6 million at December 31, 2014, and $3.6 million at December 
31, 2013, related to these balances. The net of the unrecognized tax benefits, associated interest, penalties, and deferred tax 
asset was $7.1 million at December 31, 2015, $6.6 million at December 31, 2014, and $6.3 million at December 31, 2013, 
which if resolved favorably (in whole or in part) would reduce our effective tax rate. The unrecognized tax benefits, 
associated interest, penalties, and deferred tax asset are included as components of Other Liabilities and Deferred Income 
Taxes in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

It is our policy to account for interest and penalties associated with income tax obligations as a component of income 
tax expense. We recognized $0.4 million during 2015, $0.3 million during 2014, and $0.4 million during 2013 (each net of 
tax effect), of interest and penalties as part of the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

We do not expect that our unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease during the twelve months 

beginning January 1, 2016.

12. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether 

paid or unpaid) are participating securities and are to be included in the computation of earnings per share (“EPS”) under 
the two-class method. Our restricted stock awards are considered participating securities because they contain non-
forfeitable rights to dividends. As the number of shares granted under such awards is immaterial, all earnings per share 
amounts reflect such shares as if they were fully vested shares and the disclosures associated with the two-class method are 
not presented.  

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the 

period, including outstanding unvested restricted stock awards and vested restricted stock unit awards. Diluted EPS is 
computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, noted above, adjusted for the 
dilutive effect of stock options.

83

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS:

Net income from continuing operations
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
Net income

Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating basic EPS
Effect of dilutive stock options
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in calculating diluted EPS

Basic EPS amounts(1):
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net income

Diluted EPS amounts(1):
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net income

2015

2014

2013

443.7
(1.1)
442.6

$

$

419.8
(1.1)
418.7

$

$

112.7
1.2
113.9

117.3
1.6
118.9

375.8
(0.9)
374.9

121.3
2.0
123.3

3.94
$
(0.01) $
$
3.93

3.58
$
(0.01) $
$
3.57

3.10
(0.01)
3.09

$
3.90
(0.01) $
$
3.89

$
3.53
(0.01) $
$
3.52

3.05
(0.01)
3.04

$

$

$
$
$

$
$
$

(1) Earnings per share amounts are calculated discretely and therefore may not add up to the total due to rounding.

A summary of anti-dilutive options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share is as follows:

Anti-dilutive options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per

share

13. DIVESTITURES

2015

2014

2013

0.7

0.6

0.6

During 2015, we divested three Import stores and recorded a gain of $7.4 million ($4.6 million after-tax). During 2014, 

we divested two Import stores and recorded a gain of $4.4 million ($2.7 million after-tax). We also divested our customer 
lead distribution business and recorded a gain of $8.4 million ($5.2 million after-tax) during 2014. This business was 
reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information. 

The gains on these divestitures are included in Other Income, Net (within Operating Income) in our Consolidated 
Statements of Income. The financial condition and results of operations of these businesses were not material to our 
consolidated financial statements.

14. ACQUISITIONS

We purchased 22 stores and related assets during 2015, which include Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram, Mercedes-Benz, 
Honda, Ford, Lincoln, Audi, Volkswagen, Hyundai, Subaru, Jaguar, Land Rover, Volvo, and Fiat franchises. We purchased 
five stores in 2014, and five stores in 2013. The amounts incurred related to acquisitions were $321.5 million in 2015, 
$205.2 million in 2014, and $87.9 million in 2013. Acquisitions are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements 
from the date of acquisition. The purchase price allocations for the business combinations in 2015 are preliminary and 
subject to final adjustment. 

84

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

The acquisitions that occurred during 2015 were not material to our financial condition or results of operations. 

Additionally, on a pro forma basis as if the results of these acquisitions had been included in our consolidated results for 
the entire years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, revenue and net income would not have been materially different 
from our reported revenue and net income for these periods. 

In February 2016, we purchased 12 stores located in Texas, which include Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram, Chevrolet, 

Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, and Sprinter franchises. 

15. CASH FLOW INFORMATION

We had non-cash investing and financing activities primarily related to increases in property acquired under capital 

leases of $27.3 million during 2015, $11.6 million during 2014, and $18.0 million during 2013. We also had accrued 
purchases of property and equipment of $25.3 million at December 31, 2015, $16.3 million at December 31, 2014, and 
$28.1 million at December 31, 2013. 

We made interest payments, including interest on vehicle inventory financing, of $135.3 million in 2015, $136.4 million 
in 2014, and $136.0 million in 2013. We made income tax payments, net of income tax refunds, of $278.8 million in 2015, 
$225.0 million in 2014, and $200.3 million in 2013.

16. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The fair value of a financial instrument represents the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current 

transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation. Fair value estimates are made at a specific 
point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature 
and involve uncertainties and matters of judgment, and therefore cannot be determined with precision. 

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a 
liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants at the measurement date. Accounting standards establish a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to 
maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and also 
establishes the following three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1

Level 2

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or
liabilities; quoted market prices in markets that are not active; or model-derived
valuations or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable
market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities

Level 3

Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are
significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities

The following methods and assumptions were used by us in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

•  Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other current assets, vehicle floorplan payable, accounts 
payable, other current liabilities, commercial paper, and variable rate debt: The amounts reported in the 
accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets approximate fair value due to their short-term nature or the existence 
of variable interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates. 

85

 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

•  Fixed rate long-term debt: Our fixed rate long-term debt consists primarily of amounts outstanding under our 
senior unsecured notes and mortgages. We estimate the fair value of our senior unsecured notes using quoted 
prices for the identical liability (Level 1). We estimate the fair value of our mortgages using a present value 
technique based on our current market interest rates for similar types of financial instruments (Level 2). A 
summary of the aggregate carrying values and fair values of our fixed rate long-term debt is as follows:

Carrying value

Fair value

December 31,
2015

December 31,
2014

$

$

1,767.1

1,858.6

$

$

1,018.4

1,109.9

Nonfinancial assets such as goodwill, other intangible assets, and long-lived assets held and used are measured at fair 

value when there is an indicator of impairment and recorded at fair value only when impairment is recognized or for a 
business combination. The fair values less costs to sell of long-lived assets or disposal groups held for sale are assessed 
each reporting period they remain classified as held for sale. Subsequent changes in the held for sale long-lived asset’s or 
disposal group’s fair value less cost to sell (increase or decrease) are reported as an adjustment to its carrying amount, 
except that the adjusted carrying amount cannot exceed the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or disposal group at the 
time it was initially classified as held for sale.

The following table presents nonfinancial assets measured and recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the 

years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

2015

Fair Value
Measurements
Using Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)

$

$

$

3.1

24.9

17.6

5.3

22.9

2014

Fair Value
Measurements
Using Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)

Gain/
(Loss)

— $

— $

14.1

$

6.9

21.0

—

—

(1.1)
(0.2)
(1.3)

Gain/
(Loss)

(15.4) $

(3.1) $

(3.0) $
(0.8)
(3.8)

Description

Franchise rights

Long-lived assets held and used

Long-lived assets held for sale:

   Continuing operations

   Discontinued operations

Total long-lived assets held for sale

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

$

$

$

Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to 

determine whether it was necessary to calculate the fair values of our reporting units under the two-step goodwill 
impairment test. We completed our qualitative annual assessments of potential goodwill impairment as of April 30, 2015 
and 2014, and we determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units were less than 
their carrying amounts. Accordingly, no impairment charges were recorded for the carrying value of goodwill during 2015 
or 2014.   

Our principal identifiable intangible assets are individual store rights under franchise agreements with vehicle 

manufacturers, which have indefinite lives. Under accounting standards, we chose to make a qualitative evaluation about 
the likelihood of franchise rights impairment to determine whether it was necessary to perform a quantitative impairment 
test. We completed our qualitative assessment of franchise rights impairment as of April 30, 2015. Based on our qualitative 
assessment of potential franchise rights impairment, we determined that we should perform a quantitative test for certain 

86

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

franchise rights, and no impairment charges resulted from the quantitative test. As a result of the unresolved issues related 
to Volkswagen associated with certain of its diesel engine vehicles, during the fourth quarter of 2015, we performed a 
quantitative impairment test of the franchise rights recorded at our Volkswagen stores. As a result of this test, we recorded 
non-cash impairment charges of $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) to reduce the carrying values of the Volkswagen 
franchise rights to their estimated fair values. The non-cash impairment charges are reflected as Franchise Rights 
Impairment in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

The quantitative impairment test for franchise rights requires the comparison of the franchise rights’ estimated fair 
value to carrying value by store. Fair values of rights under franchise agreements are estimated using Level 3 inputs by 
discounting expected future cash flows of the store. The forecasted cash flows contain inherent uncertainties, including 
significant estimates and assumptions related to growth rates, margins, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, 
and cost of capital, for which we utilize certain market participant-based assumptions, using third-party industry 
projections, economic projections, and other marketplace data we believe to be reasonable. The development of the 
assumptions used in our annual impairment tests are coordinated by our financial planning and analysis group, and the 
assumptions are reviewed by management.

We performed a qualitative assessment of franchise rights impairment as of April 30, 2014, and determined that we 
should perform a quantitative test for certain franchise rights, and no impairment charges resulted from the quantitative 
test. 

Long-Lived Assets

The fair value measurement valuation process for our long-lived assets is established by our corporate real estate 
services group. Fair value measurements, which are based on Level 3 inputs, and changes in fair value measurements are 
reviewed and assessed each quarter for properties classified as held for sale, or when an indicator of impairment exists for 
properties classified as held and used, by the corporate real estate services group. Our corporate real estate services group 
utilizes its knowledge of the automotive industry and historical experience in real estate markets and transactions in 
establishing the valuation process, which is generally based on a combination of the market and replacement cost 
approaches.

In a market approach, the corporate real estate services group uses transaction prices for comparable properties that 
have recently been sold. These transaction prices are adjusted for factors related to a specific property. The corporate real 
estate services group also evaluates changes in local real estate markets, and/or recent market interest or negotiations 
related to a specific property. In a replacement cost approach, the cost to replace a specific long-lived asset is considered, 
which is adjusted for depreciation from physical deterioration, as well as functional and economic obsolescence, if present 
and measurable. 

To validate the fair values determined under the valuation process noted above, our corporate real estate services group 

also obtains independent third-party appraisals for our properties and/or third-party brokers’ opinions of value, which are 
generally developed using the same valuation approaches described above, and evaluates any recent negotiations or 
discussions with third-party real estate brokers related to a specific long-lived asset or market. 

Long-lived Assets Held and Used in Continuing Operations

During 2015, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.1 million related to long-lived assets held and used in 
continuing operations. The non-cash impairment charges are included in Other Income, Net (within Operating Income) in 
our Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” category of our segment information.

During 2014, there were no impairment charges recorded for the carrying value of long-lived assets held and used in 

continuing operations.

87

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Long-lived Assets Held for Sale in Continuing Operations

 We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $3.0 million in 2015 and $1.1 million in 2014 related to our long-lived 

assets held for sale in continuing operations. 

The non-cash impairment charges related to assets held for sale in continuing operations are included in Other Income, 

Net (within Operating Income) in our Consolidated Statements of Income and are reported in the “Corporate and other” 
category of our segment information.

Long-lived Assets Held for Sale in Discontinued Operations

We recorded non-cash impairment charges of $0.8 million in 2015 and $0.2 million in 2014 related to long-lived assets 

held for sale in discontinued operations. 

The non-cash impairment charges related to assets held for sale in discontinued operations are included in Loss from 

Discontinued Operations in our Consolidated Statements of Income.

As of December 31, 2015, we had assets held for sale of $47.1 million in continuing operations and $22.3 million in 
discontinued operations. As of December 31, 2014, we had assets held for sale of $64.7 million in continuing operations 
and $23.2 million in discontinued operations.

17. BUSINESS AND CREDIT CONCENTRATIONS

We own and operate franchised automotive stores in the United States pursuant to franchise agreements with vehicle 

manufacturers. In 2015, approximately 65% of our total revenue was generated by our stores in Florida, Texas, and 
California. Franchise agreements generally provide the manufacturers or distributors with considerable influence over the 
operations of the store. The success of any franchised automotive dealership is dependent, to a large extent, on the financial 
condition, management, marketing, production, and distribution capabilities of the vehicle manufacturers or distributors of 
which we hold franchises. We had receivables from manufacturers or distributors of $221.4 million at December 31, 2015, 
and $198.3 million at December 31, 2014. Additionally, a large portion of our Contracts-in-Transit included in 
Receivables, net, in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, are due from automotive manufacturers’ captive 
finance subsidiaries which provide financing directly to our new and used vehicle customers.

We purchase substantially all of our new vehicles from various manufacturers or distributors at the prevailing prices 

available to all franchised dealers. Additionally, we finance our new vehicle inventory primarily with automotive 
manufacturers’ captive finance subsidiaries. Our sales volume could be adversely impacted by the manufacturers’ or 
distributors’ inability to supply the stores with an adequate supply of vehicles and related financing.

We are subject to a concentration of risk in the event of financial distress of or other adverse event related to a major 
vehicle manufacturer or related lender or supplier. The core brands of vehicles that we sell are manufactured by Toyota 
(including Lexus), Ford, Honda, Nissan, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, FCA US (formerly Chrysler), BMW, and 
Volkswagen (including Audi and Porsche). Our business could be materially adversely impacted by another bankruptcy of 
or other adverse event related to a major vehicle manufacturer or related lender or supplier.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to non-manufacturer trade receivables are limited due to the wide variety of 
customers and markets in which our products are sold as well as their dispersion across many different geographic areas in 
the United States. Consequently, at December 31, 2015, we do not consider AutoNation to have any significant non-
manufacturer concentrations of credit risk.

88

AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

18. CHARGEBACK RESERVES

We may be charged back for commissions related to financing, vehicle service, or protection products in the event of 
early termination, default, or prepayment of the contracts by customers (“chargebacks”). However, our exposure to loss 
generally is limited to the commissions that we receive. These commissions are recorded at the time of the sale of the 
vehicles, net of an estimated liability for chargebacks. The following is a rollforward of our estimated chargeback liability 
for each of the three years presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements:

Balance - January 1

Add: Provisions

Deduct: Chargebacks

Balance - December 31

19. SEGMENT INFORMATION

2015

2014

2013

84.9

$

67.6

$

90.0
(77.6)
97.3

$

79.4
(62.1)
84.9

$

56.0

64.4
(52.8)
67.6

$

$

At December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, we had three reportable segments: (1) Domestic, (2) Import, and (3) Premium 

Luxury. Our Domestic segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured by 
General Motors, Ford, and FCA US (formerly Chrysler). Our Import segment is comprised of retail automotive franchises 
that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Toyota, Honda, and Nissan. Our Premium Luxury segment is comprised 
of retail automotive franchises that sell new vehicles manufactured primarily by Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Lexus, and Audi. 
The franchises in each segment also sell used vehicles, parts and automotive services, and automotive finance and 
insurance products. 

“Corporate and other” is comprised of our other businesses, including collision centers and an auction operation, each 
of which generates revenues, as well as unallocated corporate overhead expenses and retrospective commissions for certain 
finance and insurance transactions that we arrange under agreements with third parties.

The reportable segments identified above are the business activities of the Company for which discrete financial 
information is available and for which operating results are regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker to 
allocate resources and assess performance. Our chief operating decision maker is our Chief Executive Officer.

Reportable segment revenue, segment income, floorplan interest expense, depreciation and amortization, total assets, 

and capital expenditures are as follows:

Revenues:
Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Total

Corporate and other

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

7,069.8

$

6,359.5

$

7,037.2

6,607.8

20,714.8

147.2

6,717.8

5,889.3

18,966.6

142.2

5,835.3

6,375.0

5,152.3

17,362.6

155.0

Total consolidated revenue

$

20,862.0

$

19,108.8

$

17,517.6

89

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

336.9

$

285.0

$

291.3

366.1

942.4
(174.9)
(86.7)
(1.6)
0.2
2.9

246.6

280.1

321.4

848.1
(161.2)
(88.3)
—

0.2
5.6

311.4

376.2

1,024.5
(209.7)
(90.9)
—

0.1
(1.3)
722.7

Segment income(1):

Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Total

Corporate and other

Other interest expense

Loss on debt extinguishment

Interest income

Other income (loss), net

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

$

$

682.3

$

604.4

(1)  Segment income represents income for each of our reportable segments and is defined as operating income less 

floorplan interest expense.

Floorplan interest expense:

Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Corporate and other

Total floorplan interest expense

Depreciation and amortization:

Domestic
Import

Premium Luxury

Corporate and other

Total depreciation and amortization

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

24.1

15.0

18.0

1.2

$

24.4

14.5

13.1

1.3

58.3

$

53.3

$

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

31.0
32.9

35.0

28.5

$

27.3
31.0

28.3

20.3

127.4

$

106.9

$

23.7

16.3

12.6

0.8

53.4

25.1
28.1

26.9

15.2

95.3

$

$

$

$

90

 
 
 
 
 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

Capital expenditures:

Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Corporate and other

Total capital expenditures

Assets:

Domestic

Import

Premium Luxury

Corporate and other:

Goodwill

Franchise rights

Other Corporate and other assets

Total assets

20. MULTIEMPLOYER PENSION PLANS

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

$

$

61.4

34.0

101.9

69.6

$

61.7

47.0

68.3

20.8

61.9

76.1

45.5

23.7

266.9

$

197.8

$

207.2

Years Ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

$

2,573.9

$

2,187.3

$

2,145.2

2,554.6

1,394.5

432.4

457.7

1,997.7

2,051.0

1,314.7

348.1

500.9

2,143.1

2,030.4

1,633.6

1,259.6

329.3

518.1

$

9,558.3

$

8,399.7

$

7,914.1

Five of our 254 stores participate in multiemployer pension plans. We contribute to these multiemployer defined benefit 

pension plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover certain of our union-represented employees. 
The risks of participating in these multiemployer plans are different from single-employer plans in the following aspects:

a.  Assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of 

other participating employers.

b. 

c. 

If a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be assumed by 
the remaining participating employers.

If we choose to stop participating in a multiemployer plan, we may be required to pay the plan an amount based 
on the underfunded status of the plan, subject to certain limits, referred to as a withdrawal liability.

91

 
 
AUTONATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Continued)

One of the multiemployer pension plans in which we participate is designated as being in “red zone” status, as defined 

by the Pension Protection Act (PPA) of 2006. Our participation in this plan for the year ended December 31, 2015, is 
outlined in the table below. The “EIN/Pension Plan Number” column provides the Employer Identification Number (EIN) 
and the three-digit plan number. The most recent PPA zone status available in 2015 and 2014 is for the plan’s year end at 
December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013, respectively. The zone status is based on information that we received from 
the plan and is certified by the plan’s actuary. Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than 65 percent 
funded. The last column lists the expiration date of the collective-bargaining agreements to which the plan is subject. A 
rehabilitation plan has been implemented for this plan. There have been no significant changes that affect the comparability 
of 2015, 2014, and 2013 contributions.

Pension Fund

Automotive Industries Pension Plan

Other funds

Total contributions

EIN/Pension
PlanNumber
94-1133245
- 001

2015

Red

Pension Protection Act
Zone Status

Contributions of AutoNation 
($ in millions) (1)

2014

2015

2014

2013

Surcharge
Imposed

Expiration
Date of
Collective-
Bargaining
Agreement

Red

$

$

1.0

0.4

1.4

$

$

0.8

0.3

1.1

$

$

0.7

0.4

1.1

Yes

(2)

(1)  Our stores were not listed in the Automotive Industries Pension Plan’s Form 5500 as providing more than 5% of the 

total contributions for the plan years ended December 31, 2014 or 2013. 

(2)  We are party to two collective-bargaining agreements that require contributions to the Automotive Industries 

Pension Plan. One expired May 31, 2011, and one expired June 30, 2011, and both are currently extended during 
collective bargaining for new agreements.

In the event that we cease participating in this plan, we could be assessed a withdrawal liability. We currently do not 

have any plans that would trigger the withdrawal liability under this multiemployer pension plan. 

92

AUTONATION, INC.
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

In a stable environment, our operations generally experience higher volumes of vehicle unit sales in the second and 

third quarters of each year due in part to consumer buying trends and the introduction of new vehicle models. Also, 
demand for vehicles and light trucks is generally lower during the winter months than in other seasons, particularly in 
regions of the United States where stores may be subject to adverse winter conditions. However, we typically experience 
higher sales of Premium Luxury vehicles, which have higher average selling prices and gross profit per vehicle retailed, in 
the fourth quarter. Revenue and operating results may be impacted significantly from quarter to quarter by changing 
economic conditions, vehicle manufacturer incentive programs, and actual or threatened severe weather events.

The following is an analysis of certain items in the Consolidated Statements of Income by quarter for 2015 and 2014:

Revenue

Gross profit

Operating income(1)

Income from continuing operations(1)

Net income(1)

Basic earnings per share from continuing operations(1) (2)

Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations(1) (2)

First
Quarter
$ 4,944.2
$ 4,363.5

Second
Quarter
$ 5,224.3
$ 4,788.5

Third
Quarter
$ 5,353.7
$ 4,909.0

Fourth
Quarter
$ 5,339.8
$ 5,047.8

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

799.9
707.4

214.9
189.1

111.7
95.5

111.5
95.1

0.98
0.80

0.97
0.79

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

819.1
744.9

222.1
197.8

115.2
100.7

115.1
100.4

1.01
0.85

1.00
0.83

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

830.3
752.9

235.7
207.4

119.0
106.7

118.5
106.5

1.06
0.91

1.05
0.90

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

812.2
783.5

200.4
226.5

97.8
116.9

97.5
116.7

0.88
1.03

0.87
1.02

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015
2014

2015
2014

(1)  During the fourth quarter of 2015, we recorded $15.4 million ($9.6 million after-tax) of non-cash impairment charges 
related to rights under certain of our Volkswagen stores’ franchise agreements to reduce the carrying values of the 
Volkswagen franchise rights to their estimated fair values.

(2)  The sum of quarterly basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations may not equal full year 
amounts as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income due to the effect of the calculation of weighted 
average common stock equivalents on a quarterly basis.

93

ITEM 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the 
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our 
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as 

defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Management conducted an evaluation of the 
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this 
evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 
2015. Our independent auditor, KPMG LLP, also concluded that we maintained effective internal control over financial 
reporting as set forth in its Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm which is included in Part II, Item 8 of 
this Form 10-K.

As permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, management elected to exclude the 14 stores that we 

acquired in the fourth quarter of 2015 from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2015, as there was not an adequate amount of time between the acquisition dates and the date of 
management’s assessment. The total assets and total revenues of these acquired stores included in our consolidated 
financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, represented less than 2.5% of our total consolidated 
assets and less than 0.5% of our total consolidated revenue. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under 
the Exchange Act) identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15 or 15d-15 under 
the Exchange Act that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2015 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to 
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION

None.

94

PART III

ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information under the heading “Executive Officers of AutoNation” in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-K is 

incorporated by reference in this section.

We have adopted a Code of Business Ethics applicable to all employees. In addition, we have adopted a Code of Ethics 
for Senior Officers applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, and 
other senior officers and a Code of Ethics for Directors applicable to our directors. These codes are available on our 
Investor Relations website at investors.autonation.com. In the event that we amend or waive any of the provisions of the 
Code of Ethics for Senior Officers that relate to any element of the code of ethics definition enumerated in Item 406(b) of 
Regulation S-K, we intend to disclose the same on our Investor Relations website.

The other information required by this item is incorporated by reference to AutoNation’s Proxy Statement for its 2016 
Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended December 
31, 2015.

ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to AutoNation’s Proxy Statement for its 2016 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2015.

ITEM 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Equity Compensation Plans

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2015 regarding our equity compensation plans: 

EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS

Plan Category

Equity Compensation Plans Approved by

Security Holders

Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by

Security Holders
Total

(A)

(B)

(C)

Number of Securities to
be Issued Upon Exercise
    of Outstanding Options,      

Warrants and Rights

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of

    Outstanding Options,     

Warrants and Rights

Number of Securities Remaining
Available for Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities Reflected in
Column A)

4,624,504

—
4,624,504

$45.07

—
$45.07

4,321,554(1)

—
4,321,554

(1) 

Includes 3,406,554 shares available under the AutoNation, Inc. 2008 Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2008 
Plan”) and 915,000 shares available under the AutoNation, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Director Equity Plan (the “2014 
Director Plan”). As of December 31, 2015, a maximum of 1,087,831 shares may be awarded as awards, other than 
options or stock appreciation rights, that are settled in shares under the 2008 Plan. 

The other information required by this item is incorporated by reference to AutoNation’s Proxy Statement for its 2016 

Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2015.

ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to AutoNation’s Proxy Statement for its 2016 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2015.

95

  
ITEM 14.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to AutoNation’s Proxy Statement for its 2016 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2015.

96

ITEM 15.   EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

1. 

2. 

3. 

Financial Statements: The Consolidated Financial Statements of AutoNation are set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this 
Form 10-K.

Financial Statement Schedules: Not applicable.

Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed, furnished or incorporated by reference 
as part of this Form 10-K.

Certain of the agreements listed as exhibits to this Form 10-K (including the exhibits to such agreements), which have 

been filed to provide investors with information regarding their terms, contain various representations, warranties, and 
covenants of AutoNation, Inc. and the other parties thereto. They are not intended to provide factual information about any 
of the parties thereto or any subsidiaries of the parties thereto. The assertions embodied in those representations, 
warranties, and covenants were made for purposes of each of the agreements, solely for the benefit of the parties thereto. In 
addition, certain representations and warranties were made as of a specific date, may be subject to a contractual standard of 
materiality different from what a security holder might view as material, or may have been made for purposes of allocating 
contractual risk among the parties rather than establishing matters as facts. Investors should not view the representations, 
warranties, and covenants in the agreements (or any description thereof) as disclosures with respect to the actual state of 
facts concerning the business, operations, or condition of any of the parties to the agreements (or their subsidiaries) and 
should not rely on them as such. In addition, information in any such representations, warranties, or covenants may change 
after the dates covered by such provisions, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in the public 
disclosures of the parties. In any event, investors should read the agreements together with the other information 
concerning AutoNation, Inc. contained in reports and statements that we file with the SEC.

97

 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

AUTONATION, INC.
(Registrant)

By:

/s/ MICHAEL J. JACKSON
Michael J. Jackson, Chairman of the
Board, Chief Executive Officer and President
February 10, 2016

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

/S/ MICHAEL J. JACKSON
Michael J. Jackson

/S/ CHERYL MILLER
Cheryl Miller

/S/ CHRISTOPHER CADE
Christopher Cade

/S/ ROBERT J. BROWN
Robert J. Brown

/S/ RICK L. BURDICK

Rick L. Burdick

/s/ TOMAGO COLLINS

Tomago Collins

/S/ DAVID B. EDELSON

David B. Edelson

/S/ ROBERT R. GRUSKY

Robert R. Grusky

/S/ KAVEH KHOSROWSHAHI
Kaveh Khosrowshahi

/S/ MICHAEL LARSON
Michael Larson

/S/ G. MIKE MIKAN

G. Mike Mikan

/S/ ALISON H. ROSENTHAL
Alison H. Rosenthal

Date

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

February 10, 2016

Title

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and
President (Principal Executive Officer)

Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Vice President and Chief Accounting
Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

98

 
 
 
Exhibit
Number
3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

4.11

4.12

4.13

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Description
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of AutoNation, Inc.

Amended and Restated By-Laws of AutoNation, Inc.

Indenture, dated April 14, 2010 (the “2010 Indenture”),
among AutoNation, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association.

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
April 14, 2010, relating to the Company’s 6.75% Senior
Notes due 2018.

Form of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2018 (included in
Exhibit 4.2).

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
February 1, 2012, relating to the Company’s 5.5%
Senior Notes due 2020.

Form of 5.5% Senior Notes due 2020 (included in
Exhibit 4.4).

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated March
7, 2012, relating to the Company’s 6.75% Senior Notes
due 2018.

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated March
7, 2012, relating to the Company’s 5.5% Senior Notes
due 2020.

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
February 6, 2014, relating to the Company’s 6.75%
Senior Notes due 2018.

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
February 6, 2014, relating to the Company’s 5.5%
Senior Notes due 2020.

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
September 21, 2015, relating to the Company’s 3.35%
Senior Notes due 2021.

Form of 3.35% Senior Notes due 2021 (included in
Exhibit 4.10).

Supplemental Indenture to 2010 Indenture, dated
September 21, 2015, relating to the Company’s 4.5%
Senior Notes due 2025.

Form of 4.5% Senior Notes due 2025 (included in
Exhibit 4.12).
AutoNation, Inc. 1995 Amended and Restated Employee
Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated.

AutoNation, Inc. Amended and Restated 1995 Non-
Employee Director Stock Option Plan.

Amendment, dated October 24, 2006, to the AutoNation,
Inc. Amended and Restated 1995 Non-Employee
Director Stock Option Plan.

AutoNation, Inc. Amended and Restated 1997 Employee
Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated on
February 5, 2007.

AutoNation, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Employee
Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated on
February 5, 2007.

99

Incorporated by Reference

Form  
10-Q

File Number   Exhibit  
3.1
001-13107

Filing Date  
8/13/99

8-K

8-K

001-13107

001-13107

3.1

4.1

3/23/12

4/15/10

8-K

001-13107

4.2

4/15/10

8-K

001-13107

8-K

001-13107

8-K

001-13107

10-Q

001-13107

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.5

4/15/10

2/1/12

2/1/12

4/25/12

10-Q

001-13107

4.6

4/25/12

10-Q

001-13107

4.1

4/18/14

10-Q

001-13107

4.2

4/18/14

8-K

001-13107

4.2

9/21/15

8-K

001-13107

8-K

001-13107

4.2

4.3

9/21/15

9/21/15

8-K

001-13107

4.3

9/21/15

10-Q

001-13107

10.2

8/14/00

10-K

001-13107

10.10

3/31/99

10-Q

001-13107

10.1

10/27/06

10-K

001-13107

10.4

2/28/07

10-K

001-13107

10.5

2/28/07

Exhibit
Number
10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Description
AutoNation, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, as
amended and restated.

Amended Employment Agreement, dated January 15,
2015, by and between AutoNation, Inc. and Michael J.
Jackson.

Amended Employment Agreement, dated October 23,
2014, as amended and restated on January 23, 2015, by
and between AutoNation, Inc. and Michael E. Maroone.

Letter Agreement, dated February 13, 2013, regarding
dealership name usage.

Separation Agreement, dated January 10, 2014, by and
between AutoNation, Inc. and Michael J. Short.

Transition and Separation Agreement, dated July 21,
2015, by and between AutoNation, Inc. and Alan J.
McLaren.

AutoNation, Inc. 2007 Non-Employee Director Stock
Option Plan.
Amendment to the AutoNation, Inc. 2007 Non-
Employee Director Stock Option Plan, effective as of
October 26, 2010.

Amendment to the AutoNation, Inc. 2007 Non-
Employee Director Stock Option Plan, effective as of
February 1, 2012.

AutoNation, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Director Equity
Plan.

Terms of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Units
granted under the AutoNation, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee
Director Equity Plan.

AutoNation, Inc. Senior Executive Incentive Bonus
Plan.

AutoNation, Inc. 2008 Employee Equity and Incentive
Plan.

Form of Stock Option Agreement for stock options
granted under the AutoNation, Inc. employee stock
options plans other than the 2008 Employee Equity and
Incentive Plan.

Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (for 2008 grants).
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity Incentive and Incentive Plan (for 2008
grants).

Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (for grants made in
2009-2013).

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (for grants made in
2009-2013).

Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (for grants made in
2014 and thereafter).

100

Incorporated by Reference

Form  
S-8

File Number   Exhibit  
10.1
333-170737

Filing Date  
11/19/10

8-K

001-13107

10.1

1/16/15

8-K

001-13107

10.1

1/23/15

10-Q

001-13107

10.1

4/19/13

8-K

001-13107

10.1

1/10/14

10-Q

001-13107

10.1

7/22/15

10-K

001-13107

10.17

2/28/07

10-Q

001-13107

10.4

10/28/10

8-K

001-13107

10.2

2/2/12

10-Q

001-13107

10.6

4/18/14

10-Q

001-13107

10.2

7/17/14

8-K

001-13107

10.1

2/2/12

10-Q

001-13107

10.1

4/25/08

10-K

001-13107

10.12

2/24/05

10-K

001-13107

10.16

2/17/09

10-K

001-13107

10.17

2/17/09

10-Q

001-13107

10.4

4/24/09

10-Q

001-13107

10.5

4/24/09

8-K

001-13107

10.1

3/7/14

Incorporated by Reference

Form  
8-K

File Number   Exhibit  
10.2
001-13107

Filing Date  
3/7/14

10-Q

001-13107

10.4

4/22/15

10-Q

001-13107

10.5

4/22/15

10-K

8-K

001-13107

10.21

001-13107

10.1

2/13/14

2/6/15

8-K

001-13107

10.1

1/29/09

8-K

001-13107

10.1

8/16/10

8-K

001-13107

10.1

12/4/14

8-K

001-13107

10.1

5/22/15

Exhibit
Number
10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

12.1*

21.1*

23.1*

31.1*

31.2*

32.1**

32.2**

101.INS*

101.SCH*

101.CAL*

101.DEF*

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Description
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2008
Employee Equity and Incentive Plan (for grants made in
2014 and thereafter).

Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2008 Plan
for grants in 2015 and thereafter.

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2008
Plan for grants in 2015 and thereafter.

Written Description of Compensatory Arrangement.

AutoNation, Inc. Policy Regarding Recoupment of
Certain Incentive Compensation, effective as of
February 6, 2015.

Honda Agreement, dated January 28, 2009, between
AutoNation, Inc., American Honda Motor Co., Inc. and
ESL Investments, Inc.

Stockholder Agreement, dated August 16, 2010, among
AutoNation, Inc., Cascade Investment, L.L.C. and the
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust.

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated
December 3, 2014, by and among the Company,
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent,
and the other parties thereto.

Form of Commercial Paper Dealer Agreement between
AutoNation, Inc., as Issuer, and the Dealer party thereto.

Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings
to Fixed Charges.

Subsidiaries of AutoNation, Inc.

Consent of KPMG LLP.

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act.

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act.

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350.

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350.

XBRL Instance Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Document

101.LAB*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
Document

* 
** 

Filed herewith
Furnished herewith

Exhibits 10.1 through 10.29 are management contracts or compensatory plans, contracts, or arrangements.

101

In accordance with Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K, copies of certain instruments defining the rights of holders of 
long-term debt of the Company or its subsidiaries are not filed herewith. We hereby agree to furnish a copy of any such 
instrument to the Commission upon request.

EXHIBIT INDEX

102

Exhibit 31.1

I, Michael J. Jackson, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of AutoNation, Inc.;

CERTIFICATION

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 

material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, 
not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, 
the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 

designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 

be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 

the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 

control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 10, 2016 

/s/    MICHAEL J. JACKSON        
Michael J. Jackson
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

Exhibit 31.2

I, Cheryl Miller, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of AutoNation, Inc.;

CERTIFICATION

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 

material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, 
not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, 
the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 

designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 

be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 

the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 

control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 10, 2016 

/s/    CHERYL MILLER
Cheryl Miller
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of AutoNation, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended 

December 31, 2015, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Michael J. Jackson, 
Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 

amended; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company.

February 10, 2016 

/s/    MICHAEL J. JACKSON        
Michael J. Jackson
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of AutoNation, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended 

December 31, 2015, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Cheryl Miller, Executive 
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 

amended; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company.

/s/    CHERYL MILLER
Cheryl Miller
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

February 10, 2016 

 
Corporate Information

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Mike Jackson
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

Jonathan P. Ferrando
Executive Vice President – General Counsel,  
Corporate Development and Human Resources

William R. Berman
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Cheryl Miller
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Robert J. Brown 1
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer,
B & C Associates, Inc.

AUTONATION HEADQUARTERS

200 SW 1st Ave
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301
Telephone: (954) 769-6000
www.AutoNation.com

INVESTOR CONTACT

Stockholders, securities analysts, portfolio managers, and 
representatives of financial institutions requesting copies of 
the Annual Report, Form 10-K, quarterly reports, and other 
corporate literature should call (954) 769-7342 or write 
AutoNation, Inc., Investor Relations, at the above address.

ANNUAL MEETING

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of AutoNation, Inc. will 
be held at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time, Thursday, May 12, 2016 at:

Rick L. Burdick 2, 3
Partner, Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P.  

AutoNation Headquarters
200 SW 1st Ave, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301
Telephone: (954) 769-6000

COMMON STOCK INFORMATION

The Company’s common stock trades on the New York Stock 
Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “AN.”

At March 18, 2016, there were 1,698 stockholders of record.

TRANSFER AGENT

For inquiries regarding address changes, stock transfers,  
lost shares, or other account matters, please contact:

Computershare Investor Services
211 Quality Circle, Suite 210
College Station, TX 77845
(800) 689-5259 
http://www.computershare.com

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED  
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

KPMG LLP, Fort Lauderdale, Florida

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements“ 
as defined under federal securities laws. Our forward-looking 
statements reflect our current expectations concerning 
future results, and they involve known and unknown risks, 
uncertainties, and other factors that are difficult to predict 
and may cause our actual results to be materially different 
from any future results expressed or implied by these 
statements. Risk factors that could cause actual results to be 
materially different are set forth in the “Risk Factors“ section 
and throughout our Form 10-K. We undertake no duty to 
update or revise our forward-looking statements, whether as 
a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Tomago Collins 3
Vice President, Communications, 
Kroenke Sports & Entertainment

David B. Edelson 1, 4
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,  
Loews Corporation

Karen C. Francis 1
Executive Chairman,  
AcademixDirect, Inc.

Robert R. Grusky 1
Founder and Managing Member,  
Hope Capital Management, LLC

Mike Jackson
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President,
AutoNation, Inc.

Kaveh Khosrowshahi 4
Partner and Managing Director, 
Allen & Company LLC

Michael Larson 2, 4, 5
Chief Investment Officer for William H. Gates III

G. Mike Mikan 2, 3, 4
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer,
SHOT–ROCK CAPITAL, LLC

Alison H. Rosenthal 1
Vice President, Strategic Partnerships,  
Wealthfront, Inc.

1 Member of Audit Committee
2Member of Compensation Committee
3Member of Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
4Member of Finance Committee
5Lead Independent Director

www.AutoNation.com

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Drive Pink. Drive Safe. Drive Now.

AutoNation.com