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Balchem

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FY2017 Annual Report · Balchem
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A N N UA L   RE P O RT  2 017

About Balchem Corporation
Company Profile

Founded in 1967, Balchem Corporation provides state-of-the-art solutions and the finest quality products for  
industries worldwide. The company consists of four business segments: Human Nutrition & Health; Animal  
Nutrition & Health; Specialty Products and Industrial Products. Balchem employs numerous technologies and  
over 1000 people worldwide who are engaged in diverse activities, committed to developing the company  
into global market leadership positions.

Human Nutrition & Health
Leading global supplier of customized, technology-driven food and 
beverage solutions consisting of novel microencapsulation, powder, 
flavor and cereal systems. Providing nutritional wellness solutions for  
all ages from infants to adults leveraging our leading position in human 
grade choline and chelated minerals marketed under the brands 
VitaCholine, Ferrochel, and other leading brands. Product applications 
continue to grow across a broad spectrum of food and nutritional 
platforms along with exploratory pharmaceutical opportunities.

Animal Nutrition & Health
Global leader in the manufacture and marketing of choline chloride, 
chelated minerals, and other nutrients and additives – essential nutrients 
for monogastric animals (poultry and swine), aquaculture and companion 
animals. Providing ruminant animals with specialty nutritional products 
derived from our novel encapsulation and chelation technologies, 
predominantly for dairy cows, boosting health and milk production.  
Products are marketed under the Shure Solutions set of brands.

Specialty Products
Specializing in re-packaging and distribution of select chemicals, 
especially ethylene oxide, for sterilization of medical devices for the 
healthcare industry, and propylene oxide, for spice and nutmeat 
fumigation, using returnable, environmentally safe containers.  
Our Plant Nutrition business sells chelated minerals under the  
trade name Metalosate® to the micronutrient agricultural market.

Industrial Products
Industrial solutions using choline and choline derivatives for various 
applications, targeted as a component of hydraulic fracking fluids 
for shale oil and natural gas wells, offering effective and economical 
environmentally friendly alternatives for clay stabilization in an 
environmentally sensitive market.

 
UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

FORM 10-K  

(Mark One)  

 ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR SECTION 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

 TRANSITION  REPORT  PURSUANT  TO  SECTION  13  OR  15(d)  OF  THE  SECURITIES 

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 
OR  

For the transition period from _______ to _____ . 

Commission file number: 1-13648  

Balchem Corporation 

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)  

Maryland  
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)  

13-2578432  
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 

52 Sunrise Park Road, New Hampton, NY 10958  
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)  
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (845) 326-5600  

Title of each class 
Common Stock, par value $.06-2/3 per share  

  Name of each exchange on which registered 
  Nasdaq Global Market  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  

None          

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 
Yes  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. 
Yes  No 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  Registrant  (1)  has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the Registrant was required to 
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  No   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) 
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). 
Yes   No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and 
will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive  proxy  or  information statements  incorporated by 
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark  whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a 
smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” 
and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  

(Check one): 

Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer  Smaller reporting companyEmerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition 
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of 
the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  
Yes  No 

The aggregate market value of the common stock, par value $.06-2/3 per share (the “Common Stock”), issued and outstanding 
and held by  non-affiliates  of  the  Registrant, based  upon  the closing price for the  Common Stock  on  the NASDAQ  Global 
Market on June 30, 2017 was approximately $2,455,000,000. For purposes of this calculation, shares of the Registrant held by 
directors and officers of the Registrant and under the Registrant's 401(k)/profit sharing plan have been excluded.  

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant's Common Stock was 32,036,485 as of February 21, 2018.  

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE  

Selected  portions  of  the  Registrant’s  proxy  statement  for  its  2018  Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  (the  “2018  Proxy 
Statement”)  to  be  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  pursuant  to  Regulation  14A  within  120  days  after 
Registrant’s fiscal year-end of December 31, 2017 are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K to the extent stated therein.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E 
of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended.  Forward-looking  statements  are  not  statements  of 
historical facts, but rather reflect our current expectations or beliefs concerning future events and results. We 
generally use the words “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “likely,” “will,” “estimates,” 
“project” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements, 
including those concerning our expectations, involve risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which 
are beyond our control, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, 
to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such 
forward-looking  statements.  The  risks,  uncertainties  and  factors  that  could  cause  our  results  to  differ 
materially  from our expectations and beliefs  include, but  are  not  limited  to,  those  factors  set  forth  in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Item 1A. - Risk Factors” below. 

We cannot assure you that the expectations or beliefs reflected in these forward-looking statements will prove 
correct. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as 
a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You are cautioned not to unduly rely on such forward-
looking statements when evaluating the information presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and all 
subsequent  written  and  oral  forward-looking  statements  made  by  us  or  persons  acting  on  our  behalf  are 
expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained herein. 

PART I 

Item 1. Business 

General: 

Balchem Corporation (“Balchem,” the “Company,” “we” or “us”), incorporated in the State of Maryland in 
1967, is engaged in the development, manufacture and marketing of specialty performance ingredients and 
products  for  the  food,  nutritional,  feed,  pharmaceutical,  medical  sterilization  and  industrial  markets.  Our 
reportable  segments  are  strategic  businesses  that  offer  products  and  services  to  different  markets.  We 
presently  have  four  reportable  segments:  Human  Nutrition  &  Health  (formerly  SensoryEffects);  Animal 
Nutrition & Health; Specialty Products; and Industrial Products. 

The  Company  sells  its  products  through  its  own  sales  force,  independent  distributors  and  sales  agents. 
Financial information concerning the Company's business, business segments and geographic information 
appears in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under 
Item 7 below and in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8 below, which 
information is incorporated herein by reference. 

The Company operates six  wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries: SensoryEffects, Inc. (“SE”),  a Delaware 
corporation, SensoryEffects Cereal Systems, Inc. (“SECS”), a Delaware corporation, Albion Laboratories, 
Inc. (formerly known as Albion International, Inc.) (“Albion”), a Nevada corporation, BCP Ingredients, Inc. 
(“BCP”), a Delaware corporation, Aberco, Inc. (“Aberco”), a Maryland corporation, and Innovative Food 
Processors,  Inc.  (“IFP”),  a  Delaware  corporation.  We  operate  two  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  in  Europe: 
Balchem BV, a Dutch limited liability company and Balchem Italia Srl, an Italian limited liability company. 
We also operate one wholly-owned subsidiary in Canada:  Balchem LTD, a Canadian corporation. Unless 
otherwise stated to the contrary, or unless the context otherwise requires, references to the Company in this 
report includes Balchem Corporation and its subsidiaries. 

Human Nutrition & Health  

Our Human Nutrition & Health segment supplies ingredients in the food and beverage industry, providing 
customized  solutions  in  powder,  solid  and  liquid  flavor  delivery  systems,  spray  dried  emulsified  powder 

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systems,  and  cereal  systems.    Our  products  include  creamer  systems,  dairy  replacers,  powdered  fats, 
nutritional beverage bases, beverages, juice & dairy bases, chocolate systems, ice cream bases & variegates, 
ready-to-eat  cereals,  grain  based  snacks,  and  cereal  based  ingredients.  Additionally,  we  provide 
microencapsulation solutions to a variety of applications in food, pharmaceutical and nutritional ingredients 
to enhance performance of nutritional fortification, processing, mixing, and packaging applications and shelf-
life. Major product applications are baked goods, refrigerated and frozen dough systems, processed meats, 
seasoning  blends,  confections,  and  nutritional  supplements.  We  also  produce  and  market  human  grade 
choline nutrients and mineral amino acid chelated products through this segment for wellness applications. 
Choline is recognized to play a key role in the development and structural integrity of brain cell membranes 
in infants, processing dietary fat, reproductive development and neural functions, such as memory and muscle 
function. Our mineral amino acid chelates, specialized mineral salts, and mineral complexes are used as raw 
materials for inclusion in premier human nutrition products. Proprietary technology has been combined to 
create an organic molecule in a form the body can readily assimilate.   

Animal Nutrition & Health 

Our  Animal  Nutrition  &  Health  (“ANH”)  segment  provides  nutritional  products  derived  from  our 
microencapsulation and chelation technologies in addition to basic choline chloride. For ruminant animals, 
our microencapsulated products boost health and milk production, delivering nutrient supplements that are 
biologically available, providing required nutritional levels. Our proprietary chelation technology provides 
enhanced nutrient absorption for various species of production and companion animals and is marketed for 
use in animal feed throughout the world. ANH also manufactures and supplies choline chloride, an essential 
nutrient  for  monogastric  animal  health,  predominantly  to  the  poultry,  pet  and  swine  industries.  Choline, 
which is manufactured and sold in both dry and aqueous forms, plays a vital role in the metabolism of fat. 
Choline deficiency can result in reduced growth and perosis in poultry, and fatty liver, kidney necrosis and 
general poor health condition in swine.  

Sales of specialty products for the animal nutrition and health industry are highly dependent on dairy industry 
economics as well as the ability of the Company to leverage the results of university and field research on 
the animal health benefits of the Company’s products. Management believes that success in the commodity-
oriented basic choline chloride  marketplace is  highly dependent  on the Company’s  ability to  maintain its 
strong reputation  for excellent product quality  and  customer service. The  Company  continues  to increase 
production efficiencies in order to maintain its competitive-cost position to effectively compete in a global 
marketplace. 

Specialty Products 

Ethylene oxide, at the 100% level, is sold as a sterilant gas, primarily for use in the health care industry. It is 
used to sterilize a wide range of medical devices because of its versatility and effectiveness in treating hard 
or soft surfaces, composites, metals, tubing and different types of plastics without negatively impacting the 
performance  of  the  device  being  sterilized.  Our  100%  ethylene  oxide  product  is  distributed  in  uniquely 
designed,  recyclable,  double-walled,  stainless  steel  drums  to  assure  compliance  with  safety,  quality  and 
environmental standards as outlined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and the 
United States Department of Transportation (“DOT”). Our inventory of these specially built drums, along 
with our two filling  facilities, represents  a significant  capital investment. Contract  sterilizers and  medical 
device manufacturers are principal customers for this product. We also sell single use canisters with 100% 
ethylene oxide for use in sterilizing re-usable devices typically processed in autoclave units in hospitals. As 
a fumigant, ethylene oxide blends are highly effective in killing bacteria,  fungi, and insects in spices and 
other seasoning materials.  

Propylene  oxide  is  marketed  and  sold  as  a  fumigant  to  aid  in  the  control  of  insects  and  microbiological 
spoilage; and to reduce bacterial and mold contamination in certain shell and processed nut meats, processed 
spices,  cacao  beans,  cocoa  powder,  raisins,  figs  and  prunes.  We  distribute  our  propylene  oxide  product 
primarily in recyclable, single-walled, carbon steel cylinders according to standards outlined by the EPA and 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the DOT. Our inventory of these cylinders also represents a significant capital investment. Propylene oxide 
is also sold to customers seeking smaller (as opposed to bulk) quantities and  whose requirements include 
utilization in various chemical synthesis applications, such as increasing paint durability and manufacturing 
specialty starches and textile coatings. 

Our micronutrient agricultural nutrition business sells chelated minerals primarily into high value crops.  We 
have a unique and patented two-step approach to  solving  mineral  deficiency in plants  to optimize  health, 
yield  and  shelf-life.    First,  we  determine  optimal  mineral  balance  for  plant  health.  We  then  have  a  foliar 
applied Metalosate® product range, utilizing patented amino acid chelate technology. Our products quickly 
and efficiently deliver mineral nutrients. As a result, the farmer/grower gets  healthier crops that are more 
resistant to disease and pests, larger yields and healthier food for the consumer with extended shelf life for 
produce being shipped long distances. 

Industrial Products 

Certain derivatives of choline chloride are manufactured and sold into industrial applications predominately 
as a component for hydraulic fracturing of shale natural gas wells. Our products offer an attractive, effective 
and  more  environmentally  responsible  alternative  than  other  clay  stabilizers.  Industrial  grade  choline 
bicarbonate is completely chloride free and our choline chloride reduces the amount of chlorides released 
into the environment up to 75% when compared to potassium chloride. The Industrial Products segment also 
includes  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  methylamines.  Methylamines  are  a  primary  building  block  for  the 
manufacture  of  choline  products  and  are  produced  at  our  Italian  operation  and  sold  for  a  wide  range  of 
industrial applications in Europe. 

Acquisition of Chol-Mix Kft 

On  March  24,  2017,  the  Company,  through  its  European  subsidiary  Balchem  Italia  SRL,  entered  into  an 
agreement to purchase certain assets of Chol-Mix Kft (“Chol-Mix”), a privately held manufacturer of dry 
choline chloride, with knowledge and technical know-how supporting the application of liquids on carriers, 
located in Hungary, for a purchase price of €1,500,000. As of December 31, 2017, approximately €1,150,000, 
translated  to  approximately  $1,230,000,  has  been  paid  to  Chol-Mix  Kft  with  the  remaining  balance  of 
approximately €350,000, translated to approximately $419,000, due at the end of a related manufacturing 
agreement. The acquisition of Chol-Mix’s assets will provide our Animal Nutrition & Health segment with 
additional dry choline chloride capacity in Europe, geographical expansion opportunities in Eastern Europe, 
and technical knowledge supporting the application of liquids on carriers.  

Acquisition of Innovative Food Processors, Inc. 

On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired 100 percent of the outstanding common shares of  Innovative Food 
Processors,  Inc.  (“IFP”),  a  privately  held  manufacturer  of  agglomerated  and  microencapsulated  food  and 
nutrition ingredients, headquartered in Faribault, Minnesota. The Company made payments of approximately 
$22,975,000 on the acquisition date and $635,000 in September to true-up working capital, amounting to 
approximately  $16,161,000  to  the  former  shareholders,  adjustments  for  working  capital  acquired  of 
$5,065,000, and $2,384,000 to IFP’s lenders to pay off all IFP bank debt. The acquisition of IFP expands the 
Company’s Human Nutrition & Health segment’s processing technology and market reach, while bringing 
innovative and value-added systems to food, beverage, and nutrition customers.  

Raw Materials 

The raw materials utilized by the Company in the  manufacture of its products are sourced from suppliers 
both domestically and internationally. Such  raw  materials  include  materials derived  from petrochemicals, 
minerals, metals, agricultural commodities and other readily available commodities and are subject to price 
fluctuations due to market conditions. The Company is not experiencing any current difficulties in procuring 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
such materials and does not anticipate any such problems; however, we cannot assure that will always be the 
case. 

Intellectual Property 

The Company currently holds 71 patents in the United States and overseas and uses certain trade-names and 
trademarks.  It  also  uses  know-how,  trade  secrets,  formulae,  and  manufacturing  techniques  that  assist  in 
maintaining  competitive  positions  of  certain  of  its  products.  Formulae  and  know-how  are  of  particular 
importance in the manufacture of a number of the Company’s proprietary products. The Company believes 
that certain of its patents, in the aggregate, are advantageous to its business. However, it is believed that no 
single  patent  or  related  group  of  patents  is  currently  so  material  to  the  Company  that  the  expiration  or 
termination of any single patent or group of patents would materially affect its business. Our U.S. patents 
expire between 2018 and 2034. The Company believes that its sales and competitive position are dependent 
primarily upon the quality of its products, technical sales efforts and market conditions, rather than on patent 
protection.  

Seasonality 

In general, the businesses of our segments are not seasonal to any material extent. 

Backlog 

At  December  31, 2017,  the  Company  had  a  total  backlog  of  $41,270,000  (including  $27,098,000  for  the 
HNH  segment;  $11,041,000  for  the  ANH  segment;  $573,000  for  the  Specialty  Products  segment  and 
$2,558,000 for the Industrial Products segment), as compared to a total backlog of $26,203,000 at December 
31, 2016 (including $18,496,000 for the HNH segment; $6,120,000 for the ANH segment; $1,066,000 for 
the Specialty Products segment and $521,000 for the Industrial Products segment). It has generally been the 
Company’s policy and practice to maintain an inventory of finished products and/or component materials for 
its segments to enable it to ship products within two months after receipt of a product order. All orders in the 
current backlog are expected to be filled in the 2018 fiscal year. 

  Competition 

Our competitors include many large and small companies, some of which have greater financial, research 
and development, production and other resources than the Company. Competition in the food and ingredient 
markets  served  by  the  Company  is  based  primarily  on  product  performance,  customer  support,  quality, 
service and price. The development of new and improved products is important to the Company’s success. 
This  competitive  environment  requires  substantial  investments  in  product  and  manufacturing  process 
research and development. In addition, the winning and retention of customer acceptance of the Company’s 
food and nutrition products involve substantial  expenditures  for application  testing, either  internally or at 
customer/prospect sites, and sales efforts. Our competition in this market includes a variety of ingredient and 
nutritional supplement companies many of  which are privately-held. Therefore, it is difficult to assess the 
size of all of our segment competitors or where we rank in comparison to such privately-held competitors. 

Competition in the animal feed and industrial markets served by the Company is based primarily on quality, 
service and price. The markets for our products are subject to competitive risks because these markets are 
highly price competitive. Our competition in this market includes a variety of animal nutrition and health 
ingredient companies, along with certain industrial companies, many of which are privately-held. Therefore, 
we are unable to assess the size of all of our competitors or where we rank in comparison to such privately-
held competitors. 

In  the  Specialty  Products  segment,  the  Company’s  products  face  competition  from  alternative  sterilizing 
technologies  and  products.  Competition  in  this  marketplace  is  based  primarily  on  medical  device 
compositions,  product  performance,  customer  support,  quality,  service  and  price.  Our  competition  in  this 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
market includes sterilization companies, a number of which are privately-held. Therefore, we are unable to 
assess the size of all of our competitors or where we rank in comparison to such privately-held competitors. 
We are focused on the North American market due to EPA, United States Food and Drug Administration 
(“FDA”) and DOT regulations that are not yet required globally. 

Research & Development 

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred research and development 
expenses of approximately $9.3 million, $7.3 million, and $6.0 million, respectively, on Company-sponsored 
research  and  development  for  new  products  and  improvements  to  existing  products  and  manufacturing 
processes.  At  December  31,  2017,  approximately  47  employees  were  devoted  full  time  to  research  and 
development activities. The Company has historically funded its research and development programs with 
funds available from current operations with the intent of recovering those costs from profits derived from 
future sales of products resulting from, or enhanced by, the research and development effort. 

The Company prioritizes its product development activities in an effort to allocate resources to those product 
candidates that, the Company believes, have the  greatest commercial potential. Factors considered by the 
Company in determining the products to pursue include projected markets and needs, status of its proprietary 
rights, technical feasibility, expected and known product attributes, and estimated costs to bring the product 
to market.  

Capital Projects 

The Company continues to invest in projects across all production facilities and capital expenditures were 
approximately  $27.5  million,  $23.0  million,  and  $41.3  million  for  2017,  2016  and  2015,  respectively.  In 
2017, the Company spent approximately $13.2 million to expand manufacturing capacity at our AMT facility 
in Utah to accommodate production previously manufactured in Clearfield, UT prior to the site fire. In 2016 
and 2015, respectively, capital expenditures of $1.8 million and $11.5 million were related to expanding the 
Company’s Animal Nutrition & Health capacity in the manufacturing facility located in Verona, Missouri. 
Additionally, the Company invested $6.8 million and $10.4 million in agglomeration production equipment 
during 2016 and 2015, respectively. Capital expenditures are projected to range from $20.0 million to $30.0 
million for 2018. 

Environmental / Regulatory Matters 

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (“FIFRA”), a health and safety statute, requires that 
certain products within our specialty products segment  must be registered with the EPA because they are 
considered  pesticides.  In  order  to  obtain  a  registration,  an  applicant  typically  must  demonstrate,  through 
extensive  test  data,  that  its  product  will  not  cause  unreasonable  adverse  effects  on  human  health  or  the 
environment. We hold EPA registrations permitting us to sell ethylene oxide as a medical device sterilant 
and spice fumigant, and propylene oxide as a fumigant of nuts and spices. 

With respect to the treatment of spices with ethylene oxide, the EPA allows the use of EO on the vast majority 
of spices. However, EPA prohibited its use for the treatment of basil, effective August 1, 2007, but allows 
the continuing use of ethylene oxide to treat all other spices, provided specific treatment parameters are used. 
During 2009, the EPA  mandated that  a  toxicity  study be  performed  on ethylene  chlorohydrin,  which is a 
“residue  of  concern”,  according  to  the  EPA.  This  study  was  financed  by  an  industry  trade  association  of 
which we are a member, and was submitted to the EPA in March 2012. In October 2016, the EPA issued a 
Data Evaluation Record accepting the ethylene chlorohydrin study. 

In  April  2008,  the  EPA  issued  a  RED  (“Reregistration  Eligibility  Decision”)  for  ethylene  oxide  which 
permitted the continued use of ethylene oxide “to sterilize medical or laboratory equipment, pharmaceuticals, 
and aseptic packaging, or to reduce  microbial load on  musical instruments, cosmetics,  whole and ground 
spices and other seasoning materials and artifacts, archival material or library objects”. Currently, the EPA 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
has  initiated  a  new registration  review  of  ethylene  oxide,  in  line  with  and  part  of  the  registration  review 
scheduled for a large number of other pesticides. A Final Work Plan was issued in March 2014. The EPA 
anticipates this registration review process will take approximately seven years. In December 2016, the EPA 
issued its Integrated Risk Information System (“IRIS”) assessment of EO, another aspect of EPA’s safety 
review of EO. To date, we have no indication that this IRIS assessment will have any discernable impact on 
the  registration  review  process.    In  addition,  EPA  has  identified  several  potential  additional  testing 
requirements. The EPA and the registrants are in discussions regarding the additional testing. While some 
additional testing will be necessary, we believe that the use of ethylene oxide will continue to be permitted. 
The product, when used as a sterilant for certain medical devices, has no known equally effective substitute. 
Management believes the lack of availability of this product could not be easily tolerated by various medical 
device manufacturers or the health care industry due to the resultant infection potential. 

Similarly, the EPA issued a RED for propylene oxide in August 2006. At that time, the EPA “determined 
that products containing the active ingredient PPO [propylene oxide] are eligible for reregistration provided 
that…risk mitigation measures…are adopted.” Our product label was amended as required to reflect these 
mitigation measures and also to show that propylene oxide has been reclassified as a restricted use pesticide. 
Currently, the EPA has initiated a new registration review of propylene oxide, in line with and part of the 
registration review scheduled for a large number of other pesticides. A Final Work Plan was issued in March 
2014. The EPA anticipates this review process will take approximately seven years. As part of the process, 
the EPA has identified several potential additional testing requirements. The Company has completed two of 
the  required  studies  and  they  have  been  submitted  to  the  EPA  for  evaluation.  Another  study  has  been 
completed and the final  report is expected  to  be ready  for submission to  EPA shortly. The  Company  has 
committed to conducting two additional studies, which are scheduled to begin during the first quarter of 2017. 
The Company is currently in discussions with the EPA regarding other studies. While it is possible that we 
will be required to perform additional testing, we believe that the use of propylene oxide to treat nuts and 
spices will continue to be permitted. 

The Company’s facility in Verona, Missouri, while held by a prior owner, was designated by the EPA as a 
Superfund site and placed on the National Priorities List in 1983, because of dioxin contamination on portions 
of the site. Remediation was conducted by the prior owner under the oversight of the EPA and the Missouri 
Department of Natural Resources (“MDNR”). 

While the Company must maintain the integrity of the capped areas in the remediation areas on the site, the 
prior owner is responsible for completion of any further Superfund remedy. The Company is indemnified by 
the sellers under its May 2001 asset purchase agreement covering its acquisition of the Verona facility for 
potential liabilities associated with the Superfund site and one of the sellers, in turn, has the benefit of certain 
contractual indemnification by the prior owner that executed the above-described Superfund remedy. 

In  connection  with  normal  operations  at  its  plant  facilities,  the  Company  is  required  to  maintain 
environmental and other permits, including those relating to the ethylene oxide operations.  

The Company believes it is in compliance in all material respects with federal, state, local and international 
provisions that have been enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or 
otherwise  relating  to  the  protection  of  the  environment.  Such  compliance  includes  the  maintenance  of 
required permits under air pollution regulations and compliance with requirements of the Occupational Safety 
and Health Administration. The cost of such compliance has not had a material effect upon the results of 
operations or financial condition of the Company. In 1982, the Company discovered and thereafter removed 
a number of buried drums containing unidentified waste material from the Company’s site in Slate Hill, New 
York. The Company thereafter entered into a Consent Decree to evaluate the drum site with the New York 
Department of Environmental Conservation (“NYDEC”) and performed a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility 
Study  that  was  approved  by  NYDEC  in  February  1994.  Based  on  NYDEC  requirements,  the  Company 
remediated  the  area  and  removed  soil  from  the  drum  burial  site.  This  proceeding  has  been  substantially 
completed (see Item 3). 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  June  2011,  we  terminated  our  lease  and  ceased  operations  at  a  manufacturing  facility  in  Channahon, 
Illinois, which had previously served as our pharmaceutical grade ingredient manufacturing facility, which 
was registered with the FDA as a drug manufacturing facility. We will continue to produce products which 
are  required  to  be  manufactured  in  conformity  with  current  Good  Manufacturing  Practice  (“cGMP”) 
regulations as interpreted and enforced by the FDA, but will do so through third party contract arrangement. 
Modifications, enhancements or changes in contracted manufacturing facilities or procedures relating to our 
pharmaceutical products are, in many circumstances, subject to FDA approval, which may be subject to a 
lengthy application process or which we may be unable to obtain. Any contracted manufacturing facilities 
that manufacture our pharmaceutical products are periodically subject to inspection by the FDA and other 
governmental agencies, and operations at these facilities could be interrupted or halted if the results of these 
inspections are unsatisfactory. 

Employees 

As  of  January  31,  2018,  the  Company  employed  approximately  1,165  persons.  Approximately  100 
employees at our Marano, Ticino, Italy facility are covered by a national collective bargaining agreement, 
which expires in 2018. Approximately 75 employees at the Company’s Verona, Missouri facility are covered 
by a collective bargaining agreement, which expires in 2020.   

Available Information  

The Company’s headquarters is located at 52 Sunrise Park Road, New Hampton, NY 10958. The Company’s 
telephone number is (845) 326-5600 and its Internet website address is www.balchem.com. The Company 
makes available through its website, free of charge, its Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on 
Form  10-Q  and  Current  Reports  on  Form  8-K,  and  amendments  to  such  reports,  as  soon  as  reasonably 
practicable after  they  have  been  electronically  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission.  Such 
reports are available via a link from the Investor Relations page on the Company’s website to a list of the 
Company’s reports on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s EDGAR website.  

Item 1A. Risk Factors 

Our  business  is  subject  to  a  high  degree  of  risk  and  uncertainty,  including  the  following  risks  and 
uncertainties, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation, cash flows 
and the trading price of our Common Stock: 

Global economic conditions may adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.  

Unfavorable changes in economic conditions, including inflation, recession, or other changes in economic 
conditions, may adversely impact the markets in which we operate. These conditions may make it extremely 
difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities, and 
they  could  cause  U.S.  and  foreign  businesses  to  slow  spending  on  our  products  which  would  reduce  our 
revenues and profitability. Furthermore, during challenging economic times our customers may face issues 
gaining timely access to sufficient credit, which could result in an impairment of their ability to make timely 
payments to us. If that were to occur, we may be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts 
and  cash  flow  would  be  negatively  impacted.  We  cannot  predict  the  timing,  depth  or  duration  of  any 
economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, worldwide, or in the markets in which we operate. 
Also,  at  any  point  in  time  we  have  funds  in  our  cash  accounts  that  are  with  third  party  financial 
institutions. These balances in the U.S. and Italy exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) 
and Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi (“FITD”) insurance limits, respectively. While we monitor 
the cash balances in our accounts, these balances could be impacted if the underlying financial institutions 
fail or could be subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increased competition could hurt our business and financial results. 

We face competition in our markets from a number of large and small companies, some of which have greater 
financial, research and development, production and other resources than we do. Our competitive position is 
based principally on performance, quality, customer support, service, breadth of product line, manufacturing 
or packaging technology and the selling prices of our products. Our competitors may improve the design and 
performance  of  their  products  and  introduce  new  products  with  competitive  price  and  performance 
characteristics. We expect to do the same to maintain our current competitive position and market share.  

The loss of governmental permits and approvals would materially harm some of our businesses. 

Pursuant to applicable environmental and safety laws and regulations, we are required to obtain and maintain 
certain  governmental  permits  and  approvals,  including  EPA  registrations  under  FIFRA  for  two  of  our 
products. We maintain EPA FIFRA registrations for ethylene oxide as a medical device sterilant and spice 
fumigant  and  for  propylene  oxide  as  a  fumigant  of  nuts  and  spices.  The  EPA  has  issued  Reregistration 
Eligibility Decisions for both products in recent years and these uses have been approved for the time being. 
The EPA may re-examine the registrations in the future in accordance with the provisions of FIFRA. Any 
future failure of the EPA to allow reregistration of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide would have a material 
adverse effect on our business and financial results. 

Commercial  supply  of  pharmaceutical  products  that  we  may  develop,  subject  to  cGMP  manufacturing 
regulations, will be performed by third-party cGMP manufacturers. Modifications, enhancements or changes 
in  third-party  manufacturing  facilities  or  procedures  of  our  pharmaceutical  products  are,  in  many 
circumstances, subject to FDA approval, which may be subject to a lengthy application process or which we 
may be unable to obtain. Any third-party cGMP manufacturers that we may use are periodically subject to 
inspection  by  the  FDA  and  other  governmental  agencies,  and  operations  at  these  facilities  could  be 
interrupted or halted if the results of these inspections are unsatisfactory. Failure to comply with the FDA or 
other governmental regulations can result in fines, unanticipated compliance expenditures, recall or seizure 
of  products,  total  or  partial  suspension  of  production,  enforcement  actions,  injunctions  and  criminal 
prosecution, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. 

Permits and approvals may be subject to revocation, modification or denial under certain circumstances. Our 
operations or activities (including the status of compliance by the prior owner of the Verona, Missouri facility 
under Superfund remediation) could result in administrative or private actions, revocation of required permits 
or licenses, or fines, penalties or damages, which could have an adverse effect on us. In addition, we cannot 
predict the extent to which any legislation or regulation may affect the market for our products or our cost of 
doing business. 

Raw material shortages or price increases could adversely affect our business and financial results. 

The principal raw materials that we use in the manufacture of our products can be subject to price fluctuations 
due  to  market  conditions.  Such  raw  materials  include  materials  derived  from  petrochemicals,  minerals, 
metals, agricultural commodities and other  commodities.  While  the selling prices  of our products tend to 
increase or decrease over time with the cost of raw materials, these changes may not occur simultaneously 
or to the same degree. At times, we may be unable to pass increases in raw material costs through to our 
customers due to certain contractual obligations. Such increases in the price of raw materials, if not offset by 
product price increases, or substitute raw materials, would have an adverse impact on our profitability. We 
believe we have reliable sources of supply for our raw materials under normal market conditions. We cannot, 
however, predict the likelihood or impact of any future raw material shortages. Any shortages or unforeseen 
price increases could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Our financial success depends in part on the reliability and sufficiency of our manufacturing facilities. 

Our revenues depend on the effective operation of our manufacturing, packaging, and processing facilities. 
The operation of our facilities involves risks, including the breakdown, failure, or substandard performance 
of equipment, power outages, the improper installation or operation of equipment, explosions, fires, natural 
disasters,  failure  to  achieve  or  maintain  safety  or  quality  standards,  work  stoppages,  supply  or  logistical 
outages,  and  the  need  to  comply  with  environmental  and  other  directives  of  governmental  agencies.  The 
occurrence of material operational problems, including, but not limited to, the above events, could adversely 
affect our profitability during the period of such operational difficulties. 

Our business exposes us to potential product liability claims and recalls, which could adversely impact our 
financial condition and performance. 

Our  development,  manufacture  and  sales  of  food  ingredient,  pharmaceutical  and  nutritional  supplement 
products involve an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims, product recalls, product seizures 
and  related  adverse  publicity. A  product  liability  judgment  against  us  could  also  result  in  substantial  and 
unexpected  expenditures, affect consumer confidence in  our products, and divert  management’s  attention 
from other responsibilities. Although we maintain product liability insurance coverage in amounts we believe 
are customary within the industry, there can be no assurance that this level of coverage is adequate or that 
we will be able to continue to maintain our existing insurance or obtain comparable insurance at a reasonable 
cost,  if  at  all. A  product  recall  or  a  partially  or  completely  uninsured  judgment  against  us  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on results of operations and financial condition. 

We face risks associated with our sales to customers and manufacturing operations outside the United States. 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, approximately 22% of our net sales consisted of sales outside the 
United States. In addition, we conduct a portion of our manufacturing outside the United States. International 
sales are subject to inherent risks. The majority of our foreign sales occur through our foreign subsidiaries 
and the remainder of our foreign sales result from exports to foreign distributors, resellers and customers. 
Our  foreign  sales  and  operations  are  subject  to  a  number  of  risks,  including:  longer  accounts  receivable 
collection periods; the impact of recessions and other economic conditions in economies outside the United 
States; export duties and quotas; unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; certification requirements; 
environmental regulations; reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; potentially 
adverse tax consequences; political and economic instability; and preference for locally produced products. 
These factors could have a material adverse impact on our ability to increase or maintain our international 
sales.  

We may, from time to time, experience problems in our labor relations. 

In North America, approximately 75 employees, or 7% of our North American workforce, as of December 
31, 2017, are represented by a union under a single collective bargaining agreement, which was re-negotiated 
and is effective as of November 14, 2017. It will expire in 2020. In Europe, approximately 100 employees 
are covered by a collective bargaining agreement that will also expire in 2018. We believe that our present 
labor  relations  with  all  of  our  union  employees  are  satisfactory,  however,  our  failure  to  renew  these 
agreements  on  reasonable  terms  could  result  in  labor  disruptions  and  increased  labor  costs,  which  could 
adversely affect our financial performance. Similarly, if our relations with the union portion of our workforce 
do not remain positive, such employees could initiate a strike, work stoppage or slowdown in the future. In 
the event of such an action, we may not be able to adequately meet the needs of our customers using our 
remaining workforce and our operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.  

Our  international  operations  subject  us  to  currency  translation  risk  and  currency  transaction  risk  which 
could cause our results to fluctuate from period to period. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
The  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  of  our  foreign  subsidiaries  are  reported  in  Euros  and 
Canadian Dollars and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable currency exchange rate for inclusion 
in  our  consolidated  financial  statements.  Exchange  rates  between  these  currencies  in  recent  years  have 
fluctuated and may do so in the future. Furthermore, we incur currency transaction risk whenever we enter 
into either a purchase or a sales transaction using a currency different than the functional currency. Given the 
volatility  of  exchange  rates,  we  may  not  be  able  to  effectively  manage  our  currency  transactions  and/or 
translation risks. Volatility in currency exchange rates could impact our business and financial results. 

Our debt instruments impose operating and financial restrictions which could have an adverse impact on 
our business and results of operations. 

Our incurrence of indebtedness could have negative consequences to us, including the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

limiting  our  ability  to  borrow  additional  monies  for  our  working  capital,  capital 
expenditures, acquisitions; debt service requirements or other general corporate purposes; 
limiting  our  flexibility  in  planning  for,  or  reacting  to,  changes  in  our  operations,  our 
business or the industries in which we compete; 
our leverage may place us at a competitive disadvantage by limiting our ability to invest in 
the business or in further research and development; 
making us more vulnerable to downturns in our business or the economy; and 
there would be a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition if we were 
unable to service our indebtedness or obtain additional financing, as needed. 

Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness depends on our ability to generate cash in the future. If 
we do not generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service and working capital requirements, we may 
need to seek additional financing or sell assets. This may make it more difficult for us to obtain financing on 
terms that are acceptable to us, or at all. Without any such financing,  we could be forced to sell assets to 
make up for any shortfall in our payment obligations under unfavorable circumstances. 

Interest payable in accordance with our credit agreement is based on LIBOR. In light of potential fluctuations, 
we are exposed to risk resulting from adverse changes in interest rates. 

Adverse  publicity  or  consumer  concern  regarding  the  safety  or  quality  of  food  products  containing  our 
products, or health concerns, whether with our products, products in the same general class as our products 
or for food products containing our products, may result in the loss of sales. Also, consumer preferences for 
products containing our products may change. 

We are dependent upon consumers' perception of the safety, quality and possible dietary benefits of products 
containing our food ingredient products. As a result, substantial negative publicity concerning our products 
or other foods and beverages in which our products are used could lead to a loss of consumer confidence in 
those products, removal of those products from retailers' shelves and reduced sales and prices of our products. 
Product  quality  issues,  actual  or  perceived,  or  allegations  of  product  contamination,  even  when  false  or 
unfounded, could hurt the image of our products or of brands of products containing our products, and cause 
consumers to choose other products. Further, any product recall, whether our own or by a third party, whether 
due to real or unfounded allegations, could impact demand on food products containing our products or even 
our products.  Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations 
and financial condition.  Consumer preferences, as well as trends, within the food industries change often 
and our failure to anticipate, identify or react to changes in these preferences and trends could, among other 
things, lead to reduced demand and price reductions, and could have an adverse effect on our business, results 
of operations and financial condition. While we continue to diversify our product offerings, developing new 
products entails risks and we cannot be certain that demand for our products and products containing our 
products will continue at current levels or increase in the future. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand for certain of our products is dependent on the levels of productivity by the oil and gas industry, 
particularly as it relates to shale gas fracturing.  A substantial or an extended decline in oil and gas prices 
could result in lower expenditures by the oil and gas industry, which could have an adverse effect on our 
results of operations. 

The oil and gas industry historically experiences periodic downturns. Demand for certain of our products 
depends  on  the  level  of  expenditures  by  the  oil  and  gas  industry  for  the  exploration,  development  and 
production of oil and natural gas reserves. These expenditures are generally dependent on the industry’s view 
of future oil and natural gas prices and are sensitive to the industry’s view of future economic growth and the 
resulting impact on demand for oil and natural gas. Declines in oil and gas prices could result in significant 
downturn in the oil and gas industry and thereby result in a reduction in demand for oilfield services and 
related products, which could lead to reduced demand for our products and downward pressure on the prices 
we charge. These effects could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. 

We  may  not  be  able  to  successfully  consummate  and  manage  acquisition,  joint  venture  and  divestiture 
activities which could have an impact on our results. 

From time to time, we may acquire other businesses, enter into joint ventures and, based on an evaluation of 
our  business  portfolio,  divest  existing  businesses.  These  acquisitions,  joint  ventures  and  divestitures  may 
present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including diversion of management attention from 
existing  businesses,  difficulty  with  integrating  or  separating  personnel  and  financial  and  other  systems, 
increased expenses, assumption of unknown liabilities and indemnities, and potential disputes with the buyers 
or sellers. In addition, we may be required to incur asset impairment charges (including charges related to 
tangible  assets,  goodwill  and  other  intangible  assets)  in  connection  with  acquired  businesses  which  may 
reduce our profitability. If we are unable to consummate such transactions, or successfully integrate and grow 
acquisitions  and  achieve  contemplated  revenue  synergies  and  cost  savings,  our  financial  results  could  be 
adversely affected. Additionally, joint ventures inherently involve a lesser degree of control over business 
operations, thereby potentially increasing the financial, legal, operational and/or compliance risks. 

Technology failures or cyber security breaches could have an adverse effect on the Company’s operations. 

The Company relies on information technology systems  to process, transmit, store, and protect electronic 
information. For example, a significant portion of the communications between the Company’s personnel, 
customers,  and  suppliers  depends  on  information  technology.  Information  technology  systems  of  the 
Company may be vulnerable to a variety of interruptions due to events beyond its control including, but not 
limited to, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures,  computer viruses,  hackers,  and 
other security issues. The Company has technology and information security processes and disaster recovery 
plans in place to mitigate its risk to these vulnerabilities; however, these measures may not be adequate to 
ensure that its operations will not be disrupted, should such an event occur. 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 

None. 

Item 2.  Properties 

We and our affiliates own or lease several manufacturing facilities and sales offices throughout the United 
States, and we own a single manufacturing facility in each of Europe and Canada. The following table sets 
forth a list of our principal offices, production and other facilities throughout the world as of December 31, 
2017.  

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Site  

Leased/Owned  

Sq. Footage 

Products/Functions  

Corporate Offices  
New Hampton, NY  
St. Louis, MO  
Layton, UT 
Manufacturing Facilities 
Verona, MO 

Leased  
Leased (SensoryEffects) 
Leased (Albion) 

Owned (BCP) 

Slate Hill, NY 

Owned  

Green Pond, SC 

Owned  

Salt Lake City, UT 

Owned   

Covington, VA 

Owned  

20,000 
9,161 
10,472 

151,000 

51,000 

34,000 

16,500 

70,000 

Marano Ticino, Italy  Owned (Balchem Italia) 

342,734 

Sleepy Eye, MN 

Owned (SensoryEffects) 

32,000 

Bridgeton, MO 

Owned (SensoryEffects) 

84,000 

Marshfield, WI 

Owned (SensoryEffects) 

70,000 

Reading, PA 

Owned (SensoryEffects) 

39,750 

Defiance, OH 

Owned (SensoryEffects) 

140,700 

Lincoln, NE 
Leased (SensoryEffects) 
Morrisburg, Canada  Owned (Balchem LTD) 
Roy, UT 
Ogden, UT 

Leased (Albion) 
Leased (Albion) 

Ogden, UT 
Ogden, UT 
Ogden, UT 

Leased (Albion) 
Leased (Albion) 
Owned (Albion) 

Whittemore, IA 

Leased (Albion) 

87,650 
  4,500 
  6,510 
25,515 

38,274 
16,434 
13,744 

45,288 

Fairbault, MN 

Owned (IFP) 

108,000 

12 

Corporate headquarters  
Administrative offices SensoryEffects 
Administrative offices Albion 

and 

nutrients 

aqueous  and  dry  choline  chloride, 
animal  feed  products,  human  choline 
nutrients,  repackaging  for  Specialty 
Products, and warehousing  
encapsulated  products,  blending  and 
repackaging for Specialty Products, and 
warehousing    
repackaging for Specialty Products and 
warehousing 
chelated  mineral 
warehousing 
encapsulated  animal  feed  products  and 
warehousing 
methylamines,  metam  sodium,  animal, 
human and industrial grade choline, and 
warehousing 
spray  drying  of  dairy  creamers  and 
cocoa blends, and warehousing 
creamer  products,  cocoa  powders, 
liquid  and  solid  flavor  inclusions,  and 
warehousing 
spray  drying  of  lipid  based  powders, 
blending, and warehousing 
spray  drying  of  human  nutritional 
products and warehousing 
spray drying of creamer products, solid 
flavor  inclusions  for  baking,  blending 
and warehousing 
cereal products and warehousing 
dry choline chloride and warehousing 
quality control lab 
human  mineral  spray  drying  and 
packaging 
warehousing 
warehousing 
plant  mineral  liquid  production  and 
packaging 
plant  and  animal  spray  drying  and 
packaging 
manufacturing 
and  processing  of 
powdered  products  for  the  food  and 
nutrition industries 

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Hayfield, MN 

Owned (IFP) 

39,000 

and  processing  of 
manufacturing 
powdered  products  for  the  food  and 
nutrition industries 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 

In 1982, the Company discovered and thereafter removed a number of buried drums containing unidentified 
waste  material  from the  Company’s site  in  Slate Hill,  New York. The Company thereafter  entered into  a 
Consent Decree to evaluate the drum site with the New York Department of Environmental Conservation 
(“NYDEC”). Based on NYDEC requirements, the Company remediated the area and removed soil from the 
drum burial site. The Company continues to be involved in discussions with NYDEC to evaluate monitoring 
results and determine what, if any, additional actions will be required on the part of the Company to close 
out the remediation of this site. Additional actions, if any,  would likely require the Company to continue 
monitoring the site. The cost of such monitoring has recently been less than $5,000 per year. 

The Company is also involved in other legal proceedings through the normal course of business. Management 
believes that any unfavorable outcome related to these proceedings  will  not have a  material effect on the 
Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 

None. 

PART II 

Item 5.  Market  for  the  Registrant's  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer 

Purchases of Equity Securities 

(a) 

Market Information. 

Our Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “BCPC.” 

The high and low closing prices for the Common Stock as recorded for each quarterly period during the years 
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:  

Quarterly Period 
Ended March 31, 2017 
Ended June 30, 2017 
Ended September 30, 2017 
Ended December 31, 2017 

Quarterly Period 
Ended March 31, 2016 
Ended June 30, 2016 
Ended September 30, 2016 
Ended December 31, 2016 

High 

Low 

$ 

$ 

    89.23  $ 
83.77  
81.91  
87.71  

High 

    65.07   $ 
64.35  
77.53  
87.56  

81.00  
75.59 
73.12 
79.39 

Low 

53.34  
57.31 
59.54 
68.53 

On February 21, 2018, the closing price for the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Market was $74.85. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) 

Record Holders. 

As of February 21, 2018, the approximate number of holders of record of the Company’s Common Stock 
was 87. Such number does not include stockholders who hold their stock in street name. As of February 21, 
2018,  the  total  number  of  beneficial  owners  of  the  Company's  Common  Stock  is  estimated  to  be 
approximately 21,767. 

(c) 

Dividends. 

The Company declared cash dividends of $0.42 and $0.38 per share on its Common Stock during its fiscal 
years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

(d) 

Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities 

The following table summarizes the share repurchase activity for the three months ended December 
31, 2017: 

October 1 – 31, 2017 
November 1 – 30, 2017 
December 1 – 31, 2017 

Total Number of 
Shares 
Purchased(1) 

- 
- 
882 
882 

Average Price 
Paid Per Share(2) 
$              - 
$              - 
$      81.81 

Total Number of 
Shares 
Purchased as 
Part of Publicly 
Announced 
Programs(1) 

- 
- 
882 
882 

Approximate Dollar 
Value of Shares that 
May Yet Be 
Purchased Under the 
Plans or Progams 

$   130,069,964 
$   130,069,964 
$   129,997,808 

(1) The Company has an approved stock repurchase program. The total authorization under 
this program is 3,763,038 shares. Since the inception of the program in June 1999, a total 
of  2,174,017  shares  have  been  purchased,  of  which  no  shares  remained  in  treasury  at 
December 31, 2017. There is no expiration for this program. 

(e) 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans. 

For information concerning prior stockholder approval of and other matters relating to our equity incentive 
plans, see Item 12 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

(f) 

Performance Graph.  

The  graph  below  sets  forth  the  cumulative  total  stockholder  return  on  the  Company's  Common  Stock 
(referred to in the table as “BCPC”) for the five years ended December 31, 2017, the overall stock market 
return  during  such  period  for  shares  comprising  the  Russell  2000®  Index  (which  the  Company  believes 
includes companies with market capitalization similar to that of the Company), and the overall stock market 
return during such period for shares comprising the Dow Jones U.S. Specialty Chemicals Index, in each case 
assuming a comparable initial investment of $100 on December 31, 2012 and the subsequent reinvestment 
of  dividends.  The  Russell  2000®  Index  measures  the  performance  of  the  shares  of  the  2000  smallest 
companies included in the Russell 3000® Index. In light of the Company's industry segments, the Company 
does not believe that published industry-specific indices are necessarily representative of stocks comparable 
to the Company. Nevertheless, the Company considers the Dow Jones U.S. Specialty Chemicals Index to be 
potentially useful as a peer group index with respect to the Company. The performance of the Company's 
Common  Stock  shown  on  the  graph  below  is  historical  only  and  not  necessarily  indicative  of  future 
performance.   

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Balchem Corp (BCPC)

Russell 2000 Index (RTY)

Dow Jones US Specialty
Chemical Index (DJUSCX)

$500

$450

$400

$350

$300

$250

$200

$150

$100

$50

)
$
(
S
R
A
L
L
O
D

$0
12/31/2012

12/31/2013

12/31/2014

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

12/31/2017

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data 

The selected statements of operations data set forth below for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 
2015 and the selected balance sheet data as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 have been derived from our 
Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere herein. The selected financial data as of December 31, 
2015, 2014 and 2013 and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 have been derived from audited 
Consolidated Financial Statements not included herein, but which were previously filed with the SEC. The 
following information should be read in conjunction with Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  and  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  notes 
thereto included elsewhere herein. 

(In thousands, except per share data) 

Year ended December 31, 
Statement of Operations Data 
Net sales 
Earnings before income 
      tax expense 
Income tax expense 
Net earnings 
Basic net earnings per 
     common share 
Diluted net earnings per  
     common share 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

$  594,790  $  553,204  $  552,492  $  541,383  $  337,173 

88,488 
(1,583) 
90,071 

82,934 
26,962 
55,972 

87,063 
27,341 
59,722 

77,052 
24,226 
52,826 

65,818 
20,944 
44,874 

2.83 

$ 

1.78 

$ 

1.92 

$ 

1.74 

$ 

1.51 

2.79 

$ 

1.75 

$ 

1.89 

$ 

1.69 

$ 

1.45 

$ 

$ 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 
Balance Sheet Data 
Total assets 
Long-term debt (including  
     current portion) 
Other long-term  
    obligations 
Total stockholders’ equity 
Dividends per common share 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

$ 

963,636  $ 

948,626  $  879,686  $  861,531 

$ 

376,872 

218,964 

 280,490

 295,963 

332,500 

- 

5,847 
616,881 

$ 

.42  $ 

     6,896
 521,033  
         .38 $ 

     6,683 
 463,705 
        .34  $

5,950 
391,898 
.30 

3,877 
331,358   
.26   

$ 

Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in 
conjunction  with  Item 6 —  “Selected  Financial  Data”  and  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  the 
related notes included in this report. Those statements in the following discussion that are not historical in 
nature should be considered to be forward-looking statements that are inherently uncertain. See “Cautionary 
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” 

Overview 

We develop, manufacture, distribute and market specialty performance ingredients and products for the food, 
nutritional,  pharmaceutical,  animal  health,  medical  device  sterilization  and  industrial  markets.  Our  four 
reportable segments are strategic businesses  that  offer  products and services to  different  markets: Human 
Nutrition & Health, Animal Nutrition & Health, Specialty Products, and Industrial Products. 

Acquisition of Albion Laboratories, Inc. (formerly known as Albion International, Inc.),  

On  February  1,  2016,  the  Company  acquired  100  percent  of  the  outstanding  common  shares  of  Albion 
Laboratories, Inc. (formerly known as Albion International, Inc.), (Albion), a privately held manufacturer of 
mineral amino acid chelates, specialized mineral salts and mineral complexes, headquartered in Clearfield, 
Utah.  The Company made payments of approximately $116,400,000 on the acquisition date, amounting to 
approximately  $110,600,000  to  the  former  shareholders,  adjustments  for  working  capital  acquired  of 
$4,900,000, and approximately $900,000 to Albion’s lenders to pay off all Albion bank debt.  Albion has 
been a world leader and innovator in the manufacture of superior organic mineral compounds for sixty years 
and leverages scientific expertise in the areas of human and plant nutrition.  Albion’s products are renowned 
in the  supplement industry  for technologically advanced, unparalleled bioavailability.   The  acquisition of 
Albion  continues  to  expand  the  Company’s  science  based  human  health  and  wellness  solutions  and  will 
immediately increase our product offerings in the nutritional ingredient market.  Additionally, the Company 
will also benefit  from a broader geographic  footprint  and  a  stronger  position  as a  technological  leader in 
spray-drying and ingredient delivery solutions.  Albion’s human nutrition business has become a part of the 
Human Nutrition & Health reportable segment and the micronutrient agricultural business has become a part 
of the Specialty Products reportable segment. 

Acquisition of Chol-Mix Kft 

On  March  24,  2017,  the  Company,  through  its  European  subsidiary  Balchem  Italia  SRL,  entered  into  an 
agreement to purchase certain assets of Chol-Mix Kft, a privately held manufacturer of dry choline chloride, 
with  knowledge  and  technical  know-how  supporting  the  application  of  liquids  on  carriers,  located  in 
Hungary, for a purchase price of €1,500,000. As of December 31, 2017, approximately €1,150,000, translated 
to approximately $1,230,000, has been paid to Chol-Mix Kft with the remaining balance of approximately 
€350,000, translated to approximately $419,000, due at the end of a related manufacturing agreement. The 
acquisition of Chol-Mix’s assets will provide our Animal Nutrition & Health segment with additional dry 
choline chloride capacity in Europe, geographical expansion opportunities in Eastern Europe, and technical 
knowledge supporting the application of liquids on carriers.  

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of Innovative Food Processors, Inc. 

On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired 100 percent of the outstanding common shares of  Innovative Food 
Processors,  Inc.  (“IFP”),  a  privately  held  manufacturer  of  agglomerated  and  microencapsulated  food  and 
nutrition ingredients, headquartered in Faribault, Minnesota. The Company made payments of approximately 
$22,975,000 on the acquisition date and subsequently $635,000 in September to true-up the opening balance 
of  working  capital,  amounting  to  approximately  $16,161,000  to  the  former  shareholders,  adjustments  for 
working capital acquired of $5,065,000, and $2,384,000 to IFP’s lenders to pay off all IFP bank debt. The 
acquisition of IFP expands the Company’s Human Nutrition & Health segment’s processing technology and 
market reach, while bringing innovative and value-added systems to food, beverage, and nutrition customers. 

Human Nutrition & Health  

Our Human Nutrition & Health segment supplies ingredients in the food and beverage industry, providing 
customized  solutions  in  powder,  solid  and  liquid  flavor  delivery  systems,  spray  dried  emulsified  powder 
systems,  and  cereal  systems.    Our  products  include  creamer  systems,  dairy  replacers,  powdered  fats, 
nutritional beverage bases, beverages, juice & dairy bases, chocolate systems, ice cream bases & variegates, 
ready-to-eat  cereals,  grain  based  snacks,  and  cereal  based  ingredients.  Additionally,  we  provide 
microencapsulation solutions to a variety of applications in food, pharmaceutical and nutritional ingredients 
to enhance performance of nutritional fortification, processing, mixing, and packaging applications and shelf-
life. Major product applications are baked goods, refrigerated and frozen dough systems, processed meats, 
seasoning  blends,  confections,  and  nutritional  supplements.  We  also  produce  and  market  human  grade 
choline nutrients and mineral amino acid chelated products through this segment for wellness applications. 
Choline is recognized to play a key role in the development and structural integrity of brain cell membranes 
in infants, processing dietary fat, reproductive development and neural functions, such as memory and muscle 
function. Our mineral amino acid chelates, specialized mineral salts, and mineral complexes are used as raw 
materials for inclusion in premier human nutrition products. Proprietary technology has been combined to 
create an organic molecule in a form the body can readily assimilate.   

Animal Nutrition & Health  

Our  Animal  Nutrition  &  Health  (“ANH”)  segment  provides  nutritional  products  derived  from  our 
microencapsulation and chelation technologies in addition to basic choline chloride. For ruminant animals, 
our microencapsulated products boost health and milk production, delivering nutrient supplements that are 
biologically available, providing required nutritional levels. Our proprietary chelation technology provides 
enhanced nutrient absorption for various species of production and companion animals and is marketed for 
use in animal feed throughout the world. ANH also manufactures and supplies choline chloride, an essential 
nutrient  for  monogastric  animal  health,  predominantly  to  the  poultry,  pet  and  swine  industries.  Choline, 
which is manufactured and sold in both dry and aqueous forms, plays a vital role in the metabolism of fat. 
Choline deficiency can result in reduced growth and perosis in poultry, and fatty liver, kidney necrosis and 
general poor health condition in swine.  

Sales of specialty products for the animal nutrition and health industry are highly dependent on dairy industry 
economics as well as the ability of the Company to leverage the results of university and field research on 
the animal health benefits of the Company’s products. Management believes that success in the commodity-
oriented basic choline chloride  marketplace is  highly dependent  on the Company’s  ability to  maintain its 
strong reputation  for excellent product quality  and  customer service. The  Company  continues  to increase 
production efficiencies in order to maintain its competitive-cost position to effectively compete in a global 
marketplace. 

Specialty Products 

Ethylene oxide, at the 100% level, is sold as a sterilant gas, primarily for use in the health care industry. It is 
used to sterilize a wide range of medical devices because of its versatility and effectiveness in treating hard 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
or soft surfaces, composites, metals, tubing and different types of plastics without negatively impacting the 
performance  of  the  device  being  sterilized.  Our  100%  ethylene  oxide  product  is  distributed  in  uniquely 
designed,  recyclable,  double-walled,  stainless  steel  drums  to  assure  compliance  with  safety,  quality  and 
environmental standards as outlined by the EPA and the DOT. Our inventory of these specially built drums, 
along  with  our  two  filling  facilities,  represents  a  significant  capital  investment.  Contract  sterilizers  and 
medical device manufacturers are principal customers for this product. We also sell single use canisters with 
100%  ethylene  oxide  for  use  in  sterilizing  re-usable  devices  typically  processed  in  autoclave  units  in 
hospitals. As a fumigant, ethylene oxide blends are highly effective in killing bacteria, fungi, and insects in 
spices and other seasoning materials.  

Propylene  oxide  is  marketed  and  sold  as  a  fumigant  to  aid  in  the  control  of  insects  and  microbiological 
spoilage; and to reduce bacterial and mold contamination in certain shell and processed nut meats, processed 
spices,  cacao  beans,  cocoa  powder,  raisins,  figs  and  prunes.  We  distribute  our  propylene  oxide  product 
primarily in recyclable, single-walled, carbon steel cylinders according to standards outlined by the EPA and 
the DOT. Our inventory of these cylinders also represents a significant capital investment. Propylene oxide 
is also sold to customers seeking smaller (as opposed to bulk) quantities and  whose requirements include 
utilization in various chemical synthesis applications, such as increasing paint durability and manufacturing 
specialty starches and textile coatings. 

Our micronutrient agricultural nutrition business sells chelated minerals primarily into high value crops.  We 
have a unique and patented two-step approach to  solving  mineral  deficiency in plants  to optimize  health, 
yield  and  shelf-life.   First,  we  determine  optimal  mineral  balance  for  plant  health.  We  then  have  a  foliar 
applied Metalosate product range, utilizing patented amino acid chelate technology. Our products quickly 
and efficiently deliver mineral nutrients. As a result, the farmer/grower gets  healthier crops that are more 
resistant to disease and pests, larger yields and healthier food for the consumer with extended shelf life for 
produce being shipped long distances. 

Industrial Products 

Certain derivatives of choline chloride are manufactured and sold into industrial applications predominately 
as a component for hydraulic fracturing of shale natural gas wells. Our products offer an attractive, effective 
and  more  environmentally  responsible  alternative  than  other  clay  stabilizers.  Industrial  grade  choline 
bicarbonate is completely chloride free and our choline chloride reduces the amount of chlorides released 
into the environment up to 75% when compared to potassium chloride. The Industrial Products segment also 
includes  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  methylamines.  Methylamines  are  a  primary  building  block  for  the 
manufacture  of  choline  products  and  are  produced  at  our  Italian  operation  and  sold  for  a  wide  range  of 
industrial applications in Europe. 

 The Company sells products for all four segments through its own sales force, independent distributors, and 
sales agents. 

The  following  tables  summarize  consolidated  net  sales  by  segment  and  business  segment  earnings  from 
operations for the three years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):  

Business Segment Net Sales: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

2017 
    315,796 
    157,688 
      73,355 
    47,951 
    594,790  

$ 

$ 

        2016 
    297,134 
    161,119 
      70,126 
      24,825 
553,204 

$ 

$ 

  2015 
   278,288 
   165,763 
     54,236 
     54,205 
552,492 

$ 

$ 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business Segment Earnings From Operations: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

2017 
44,010 
22,292 
 24,949 
6,413 
97,664 

  $ 

  $ 

2016 
38,156 
28,686 
 22,862 
1,949 
91,653 

  2015 
$  38,302 
  27,851 
 23,995 
 5,594 
$  95,742 

$ 

$ 

Fiscal Year 2017 compared to Fiscal Year 2016 
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data) 

Net Sales 

Net sales for 2017 were $594,790 as compared with $553,204 for 2016, an increase of $41,586 or 7.5%. Net 
sales for the Human Nutrition & Health segment were $315,796, compared with $297,134, for the year ended 
December 31, 2016, an increase of $18,662 or 6.3%.  Sales from Powder Systems were up $10,427 or 9.5% 
and Encapsulates’ sales were up $5,113 or 17.3%, with the acquired IFP business contributing to both product 
lines’ increases. The sales from the acquired Albion business contributed $4,269 to the overall increase, as a 
result of having one additional month in 2017. Net sales for the Animal Nutrition & Health segment were 
$157,688  for  2017  compared  with  $161,119  for  the  prior  year,  a  decrease  of  $3,431  or  2.1%.    Sales  of 
products targeted for ruminant animal feed markets decreased 12.3% or $6,619 from the prior period.  The 
decline was primarily the result of lower sales volumes of rumen-protected products and chelated minerals. 
Global feed grade choline product sales increased $2,517 or 2.6% primarily due to higher average selling 
prices. Specialty Products segment sales for 2017 were $73,355 compared to sales of $70,126 for 2016, an 
increase  of  $3,229  or  4.6%.  Plant  nutrition  sales  increased  23.9%  through  strong  volumes  into  both  the  
domestic and international markets, while the sales from the additional month of the acquired Albion business 
contributed $775 to the overall increase. Net sales for the Industrial Products segment were $47,951 for the 
year ended December 31, 2017, an increase of $23,126 or 93.2%. The increase is principally due to higher 
sales of various choline and choline derivatives used in shale fracking applications, partially offset by the 
prior  year  including  sales  to  our  St.  Gabriel  CC  Company,  LLC  partner,  in  advance  of  the  joint  venture 
becoming operational. 

Gross Margin 

Gross margin for 2017 increased to $189,009 compared to $180,861 for 2016, an increase of $8,148 or 4.5%. 
Gross margin as a percentage of sales for 2017 decreased to 31.8% from 32.7% in the prior year comparative 
period.    Gross  margin  percentage  for  the  Human  Nutrition  &  Health  segment  increased  0.7%  in 2017  as 
compared to 2016, primarily due to the valuation of acquired Albion inventory to fair value in 2016, which 
increased  cost  of  goods  sold  by  $3,214,  as  it  was  sold  during  the  year  ended  December  31, 2016.  Gross 
margin percentage for the Animal Nutrition & Health segment decreased 4.1% compared to 2016, due to 
decreased  volumes  of  products  targeting  ruminant  species  animals,  increases  in  raw  material  costs,  and 
increased competition in monogastric species products. Gross margin percentage for the Specialty Products 
segment increased 0.7%, primarily due to the valuation of acquired Albion inventory to fair value in 2016, 
which increased cost of goods sold by $2,149, as it was sold during the year ended December 31, 2016. This 
was partially offset by increases in raw material prices for sterilization gases and an unfavorable mix. Gross 
margin  percentage  for  the  Industrial  Products  segment  increased  3.9%  from  the  prior  year  comparative 
period, primarily due a more favorable customer mix, improved cost structure, and increased volumes. 

Operating Expenses 

Operating expenses for 2017 were $91,754 or 15.4% of net sales as compared to $90,023 or 16.7% of net 
sales for 2016.  The increase was primarily due to increased expenses relating to research and development 
efforts in 2017 of $1,980, inclusion of IFP expenses of $1,876, increased transaction costs of $981 when 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
compared  to  2016,  and  a  favorable  legal  settlement  in  2016.  These  increases  were  partially  offset  by  an 
indemnification  settlement  of  $2,087  in  2017,  which  was  a  favorable  settlement  received  relating  to  the 
SensoryEffects acquisition and lower amortization costs. 

Earnings From Operations 

Principally  as  a  result  of  the  above-noted  details,  earnings  from  operations  for  2017  were  $97,255  as 
compared to $90,838 for 2016, an increase of $6,417 or 7.1%. Earnings from operations as a percentage of 
sales  (“operating  margin”)  for  both  2017  and  2016  was  16.4%.  The  Company  is  continuing  to  focus  on 
leveraging  its  plant  capabilities,  driving  efficiencies  from  core  volume  growth,  and  broadening  product 
applications  of  human  and  animal  health  specialty  ingredients  into  both  the  domestic  and  international 
markets. Earnings from operations for the Human Nutrition & Health segment were $44,010, an increase of 
$5,854  or  15.3%  primarily  due  to  higher  sales,  the  contribution  of  IFP,  the  aforementioned  impact  of 
valuation of the acquired Albion inventory to fair value in 2016 and higher sales.  Animal Nutrition & Health 
segment  earnings  from  operations  were  $22,292,  a  decrease  of  $6,394  or  22.3%,  primarily  due  to  an 
unfavorable product mix and increases in certain petrochemical raw material costs. Earnings from operations 
for  the  Specialty  Products  segment  were  $24,949,  an  increase  of  $2,087  or  9.1%,  primarily  the  result  of 
aforementioned valuation of the acquired Albion inventory to fair value in 2016 and increases in sales of 
chelated minerals for plant nutrition, partially offset by raw material increases related to sterilization gases 
and an unfavorable mix. Earnings from operations from the Industrial Products segment of $6,413 increased 
$4,464, primarily due to the aforementioned higher sales and stronger gross margins due to a more favorable 
customer mix and improved cost structure. 

Other Expenses (Income) 

Interest expense for 2017 and 2016 was $7,544 and $7,265, respectively, and is primarily related to the loans 
entered into on May 7, 2014.  Other expense was $1,235 and $648 for 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

Income Tax Expense 

The Company’s effective tax rate for 2017 and 2016 was (1.8)% and 32.5% respectively.  The effective tax 
rate  was  significantly  impacted  by  recording  the  impact  of  the  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs  Act  (the  “Tax  Reform 
Act”), enacted on December 22, 2017 by the U.S. government.   

The Tax Reform Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code by, among other things, lowering 
the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, while also repealing the deduction 
for domestic production activities, implementing a territorial tax system and imposing a repatriation tax on 
deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries.  U.S. GAAP requires that the impact of tax legislation 
be recognized in the period in which the law was enacted.  As a result of the Tax Reform Act, the Company 
recorded a tax benefit of $27.3 million due to remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and a tax 
charge of $1.4 million due to the transition tax on deemed repatriation. In accordance with SAB 118, we have 
determined that the $27.3 million of the deferred tax benefit recorded in connection with the remeasurement 
of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities and the $1.4 million of current tax expense recorded in connection 
with the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings was a provisional amount 
and a reasonable estimate at December 31, 2017. The provisional amounts are subject to adjustment during 
the measurement period of up to one year following the December 2017 enactment of the Tax Reform Act. 

The FASB Staff also provided additional guidance to address the accounting for the effects of the provision 
in the Tax Reform Act related to the taxation of Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”).  Because 
of the complexity of the GILTI tax rules, the Company continues to evaluate this provision of the Tax Reform 
Act and the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes.  Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is allowed to make an 
accounting policy choice of either (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related 
to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or (2) factoring such amounts 
into the Company’s measurement of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”).  The Company’s selection of 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
an accounting policy with respect to the new GILTI tax rules will depend, in part, on analyzing its global 
income to determine whether it expects to have future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI 
and, if so, what the impact is expected to be.  We have not completed our analysis of the effects of the GILTI 
provisions  and  will  further  consider  the  accounting  policy  election  within  the  measurement  period  as 
provided for under SAB 118.    

The Tax Reform  Act also changed the  individuals  whose  compensation  is  subject  to a  $1 million  cap on 
deductibility  under  Section  162(m)  and  includes  performance-based  compensation  such  as  stock  options, 
restricted shares, and performance shares in the calculation. The provision generally applies to taxable years 
beginning after December 31, 2017 and provides a transition for compensation paid pursuant to a  written 
binding contract that is in effect on November 2, 2017.  The Company will need to carefully review the terms 
of its compensation plans and agreements to assess whether such plans and agreements are considered to be 
written  binding  contracts  in  effect  on  November 2,  2017.  Due  to  the  complexity  of  applying  this  new 
provision and the limited time to consider tax reform, the Company  has not  yet completed its analysis of 
these new provisions and will finalize its analysis during the measurement period provided under SAB 118. 

Net Earnings 

Principally  as  a  result  of  the  above-noted  details,  net  earnings  were  $90,071  for  2017,  as  compared  with 
$55,972 for 2016, an increase of 60.9%. 

Fiscal Year 2016 compared to Fiscal Year 2015 
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data) 

Net Sales 

Net sales for 2016 were $553,204 as compared with $552,492 for 2015, an increase of $712 or 0.1%. Net 
sales for the Human Nutrition & Health segment were $297,134, compared with $278,288, for the year ended 
December 31, 2015, an increase of $18,846 or 6.8%.  Net sales from the acquired Albion business contributed 
$34,484  to  the  overall  increase.   This  increase  was  partially  offset  by  the  Powder  &  Flavor  Systems  and 
Cereal  Systems  product  lines  decreases  of  $12,128  and  $1,668,  respectively.  Net  sales  for  the  Animal 
Nutrition & Health segment were $161,119 for 2016 compared with $165,763 for the prior year, a decrease 
of $4,644 or 2.8%.  Sales of products targeted for ruminant animal feed markets realized a sales increase of 
5.6%  or  $2,848  from  the  prior  period.   The  increase  was  primarily  the  result  of  higher  sales  volumes  of 
Reashure®, partially offset by decreased sales of Aminoshure® and NitroshureTM products due to weaker 
dairy economics, particularly in international markets as well as increased competition.  Global feed grade 
choline  product  sales  decreased  $9,025  or  8.4%  primarily  due  to  lower  average  selling  prices  and  the 
weakened Euro,  which  was partially offset  by higher  sales volumes  of 4.0%.  Specialty  Products  segment 
sales for 2016 were $70,126 compared to sales of $54,236 for 2015, an increase of $15,890 or 29.3%. Net 
sales  from  the  acquired  Albion  business  contributed  $15,124  to  the  overall  increase.  The  Company 
experienced Industrial Product segment sales decline of $29,380 or 54.2% over the prior year predominately 
due  to  volume  decreases  of  various  choline  and  choline  derivatives  used  in  shale  fracking  applications, 
consistent with the end market activity decline.   

Gross Margin 

Gross margin for 2016 increased to $180,861 compared to $168,097 for 2015, an increase of $12,764 or 7.6% 
and was principally a result of the acquired Albion product lines being partially offset by lower volumes. 
Gross margin as a percentage of sales for 2016 increased to 32.7% from 30.4% in the prior year comparative 
period.    Gross  margin  percentage  for  the  Human  Nutrition  &  Health  segment  increased  1.0%  in 2016  as 
compared to 2015, due to the acquired Albion product lines having a higher gross margin, as well as reduced 
raw  material  costs  in  2016,  being  partially  offset  by  valuation  of  acquired  inventory  to  fair  value.  Gross 
margin percentage for the Animal Nutrition & Health segment increased 2.2% compared to 2015, due to a 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
favorable product mix and decreases in certain petrochemical raw material costs. Gross margin percentage 
for the Specialty Products segment decreased 5.4% due primarily to acquisition accounting around the fair 
value  of  acquired  inventory  and  amortization  of  intangibles.  Gross  margins  for  the  Industrial  Products 
segment were flat primarily due to reduced volumes contributing to unfavorable manufacturing efficiencies, 
along with lower average selling prices, being offset by favorable petrochemical raw material costs. 

Operating Expenses 

Operating expenses for 2016 were $90,023 or 16.3% of net sales as compared to $74,141 or 13.4% of net 
sales for 2015.  The increase was primarily due to increased expenses associated with the acquired Albion 
business, including higher intangible asset amortization of $3,736. The Company incurred transaction and 
integration costs of $1,515 and $324, in 2016 and 2015, respectively. Additionally, the Company recognized 
a one-time equity compensation charge of $1,462 during 2015. During 2016 and 2015, the Company spent 
$7,325  and  $5,990  respectively,  on  research  and  development  programs,  most  of  which  pertained  to  the 
Company’s Human Nutrition & Health and Animal Nutrition & Health segments.  

Earnings From Operations 

Principally  as  a  result  of  the  above-noted  details,  earnings  from  operations  for  2016  were  $90,838  as 
compared to $93,956 for 2015, a decrease of $3,118 or 3.3%. Earnings from operations as a percentage of 
sales  (“operating  margin”)  for  2016  was  16.4%  decreasing  from  17.0%  in  2015  primarily  due  to  the 
aforementioned  impact  of  the  valuation  of  the  acquired  inventory,  transaction  and  integration  expenses, 
greater amortization expense, and lower volumes. This decrease was partially offset by a favorable product 
mix, lower raw material costs, a favorable legal settlement, and the one-time equity compensation charge in 
2015. The Company is continuing to focus on leveraging its plant capabilities, driving efficiencies from core 
volume growth, and broadening product applications of human and animal health specialty ingredients into 
both the domestic and international markets. Earnings from operations for the Human Nutrition & Health 
segment  were $38,156,  a decrease of $146 or 0.4%  primarily  due to  the  addition of Albion  product lines 
being offset by the valuation of acquired inventory to fair value and lower sales volumes of Powder & Flavor 
systems.  Animal Nutrition & Health segment earnings from operations were $28,686, an increase of $835 
or 3.0%, primarily due to a more favorable product mix and decreases in certain petrochemical raw material 
costs. Earnings from operations for the Specialty Products segment were $22,862, a decrease of $1,133 or 
4.7%,  primarily  the  result  of  valuation  of  acquired  inventory  to  fair  value  and  certain  higher  operating 
expenses, partially offset by the addition of Albion product lines. Industrial Products segment earnings from 
operations declined $3,645 or 65.2%; primarily due to volume decreases. 

Other Expenses (Income) 

Interest expense for 2016 and 2015 was $7,265 and $6,593, respectively, and is primarily related to the loans 
entered into on May 7, 2014.  Interest income was $9 for 2016 and 2015.  The Company has invested available 
cash primarily in money market investments that have been classified as cash equivalents due to the short 
maturities of these investments.  Other expense was $648 and $309 for 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

Income Tax Expense 

The Company’s effective tax rate for 2016 and 2015 was 32.5% and 31.4%, respectively. The increase is 
primarily related to discreet events. 

Net Earnings 

Principally  as  a  result  of  the  above-noted  details,  net  earnings  were  $55,972  for  2016,  as  compared  with 
$59,722 for 2015, a decrease of 6.3%. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data) 

Contractual Obligations  

The Company's contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017, are summarized in the table below:  

Contractual Obligations 
Operating lease obligations (1) 
Purchase obligations (2) 
Debt obligations (3) 
Interest payment obligations (4) 
Total  

Payments due by period 

Total 
$       17,862 
26,168 
219,500 
8,307 
$      271,837 

Less than 1 
year 
$     2,862 
       26,168 
35,000 
6,336 

1-3 years 
$     4,035 
- 
184,500 
1,971 
$   70,366  $ 190,506 

3-5 years 
$     2,607 
- 
- 
- 

More than 
5 years 
$     8,358 
- 
- 
- 
$     2,607   $     8,358 

(1)  Principally includes obligations associated with future minimum non-cancelable operating lease 

obligations.  

(2)  Principally includes open purchase orders with vendors for inventory not yet received or recorded on 

our balance sheet. 

(3)  Consists of $219,500 senior secured term loan.  This loan matures on May 7, 2019 and the Contractual 
Obligations table reflects this maturity date and related current contractual obligations. The Company 
plans  to  refinance  prior  to  maturity,  which  would  change  the  contractual  obligations  as  currently 
presented. 

(4)  Includes interest payments on debt obligations based on interest rates at December 31, 2017, and it is 
assumed that there will be no prepayments of principal. This interest is related to the senior secured term 
loan that matures on May 7, 2019, and the Contractual Obligations table reflects this maturity date and 
related current contractual obligations. The Company plans to refinance prior to maturity, which would 
change the contractual obligations as currently presented. 

The  table  above  excludes  a  $4,781  liability  for  uncertain  tax  positions,  including  the  related  interest  and 
penalties, recorded in accordance with ASC 740-10, as we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of 
settlement, if any.  

The Company knows of no current or pending demands on, or commitments for, its liquid assets that will 
materially affect its liquidity.  

The  Company  expects  its  operations  to  continue  generating  sufficient  cash  flow  to  fund  working  capital 
requirements and  necessary capital investments.  The Company is actively  pursuing additional acquisition 
candidates.  The  Company  could  seek  additional  bank  loans  or  access  to  financial  markets  to  fund  such 
acquisitions, its operations, working capital, necessary capital investments or other cash requirements should 
it deem it necessary to do so. 

Cash  

Cash and cash equivalents increased to $40,416 at December 31, 2017 from $38,643 at December 31, 2016.  
At  December  31,  2017,  the  Company  had  $25,489  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  held  by  our  foreign 
subsidiaries.  It is our intention to permanently reinvest these funds in our foreign operations by continuing 
to make additional plant related investments, and potentially invest in partnerships or acquisitions; therefore, 
we  do  not  currently  expect  to  repatriate  these  funds  in  order  to  fund  our  U.S.  operations  or  obligations. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
However, if these funds are needed for our U.S. operations, we could be required to pay additional taxes to 
repatriate  these  funds.    Working  capital  was  $90,940  at  December  31,  2017  as  compared  to  $87,434  at 
December 31, 2016, an increase of $3,506.  

Operating Activities 

Cash flows from operating activities provided $110,618 as of December 31, 2017 as compared $107,612 as 
of December 31, 2016.  The increase in cash flows from operating activities was primarily due to higher net 
earnings and improved accounts receivable, partially offset by changes to deferred income taxes as a result 
of the Tax Reform Act. 

Investing Activities 

As previously noted, on March 24, 2017, the Company, through its European subsidiary Balchem Italia SRL, 
entered into an agreement to purchase certain assets of Chol-Mix Kft, a privately held manufacturer of dry 
choline chloride, with knowledge and technical know-how supporting the application of liquids on carriers, 
located  in  Hungary,  for  a  purchase  price  of  €1,500.  As  of  December  31,  2017,  approximately  €1,150, 
translated  to  approximately  $1,230,  has  been  paid  to  Chol-Mix  Kft  with  the  remaining  balance  of 
approximately €350, translated to approximately $419, due at the end of a related manufacturing agreement. 
Additionally,  on  June  1,  2017,  the  Company  acquired  Innovative  Food  Processors,  Inc.  (“IFP”),  for  a 
purchase  price  of  $17,910,  amounting  to  approximately  $15,526  to  former  shareholders,  including 
adjustments for working capital acquired, and approximately $2,384 to IFP’s lenders to pay off all of IFP’s 
bank  debt.  Subsequently,  $635  was  paid  to  the  former  shareholders  in  September  to  true-up  the  opening 
balance of working capital. 

The Company continues to invest in projects across all production facilities and capital expenditures were 
$27,526 and $23,034 for 2017 and 2016, respectively. In 2017, the Company spent approximately $13,225 
to  expand  manufacturing  capacity  at  our  AMT  facility  in  Utah  to  accommodate  production  previously 
manufactured  in  Clearfield,  UT  prior  to  the  site  fire.  In  2016,  the  Company  spent  approximately  $6,800 
towards  its  agglomeration  production  equipment  initiative,  as  well  as  approximately  $1,825  related  to 
expanding  the  Company’s  Animal  Nutrition  &  Health  capacity  in  our  manufacturing  facility  located  in 
Verona, Missouri. 

Financing Activities  

As  previously  noted,  the  Company  borrowed  $20,000  from  the  available  revolving  loan  to  finance  the 
acquisition of Innovative Food Processors, Inc. The Company made debt payments of $43,000 related to the 
senior  secured  term  loan  and  net  payments  of  $19,000  related  to  the  revolving  loan  during  2017.  The 
Company has $100,000 available under its revolving loan agreement. 

The  Company  has  an  approved  stock  repurchase  program.  The  total  authorization  under  this  program  is 
3,763,038 shares. Since the inception of the program in June 1999, a total of 2,174,017 shares  have been 
purchased, none of which remained in treasury at December 31, 2017.   The Company intends to acquire 
shares from time to time at prevailing market prices if and to the extent it deems it advisable to do so based 
on its assessment of corporate cash flow, market conditions and other factors. 

Proceeds  from  stock  options  exercised  were  $9,732  and  $7,192  as  of  December  31,  2017  and  2016, 
respectively.  Dividend payments were $12,069 and $10,720 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.   

Other Matters Impacting Liquidity 

The Company currently provides postretirement benefits in the form of two retirement medical plans.  The 
liability recorded in other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 is 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$1,573 and the plans are not funded.  Historical cash payments made under these plans have typically been 
less than $100 per year. We do not anticipate any changes to the payments made in the current year for the 
plans. 

Related Party Transactions 

The Company was engaged in related party transactions with St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC as of December 
31, 2017. See Note 18. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates and assumptions during the preparation 
of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the 
United  States  of  America.  These  estimates  and  assumptions  impact  the  reported  amount  of  assets  and 
liabilities  and  disclosures  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  as  of  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in 
the consolidated financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Actual results could 
differ from those estimates.  

The  Company’s  “critical  accounting  policies”  are  those  that  require  application  of  management's  most 
difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of 
matters that are inherently uncertain and that may change in subsequent periods. Management considers the 
following accounting policies to be critical. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue for each of our business segments is recognized upon product shipment, passage of title and risk of 
loss, and when collection is reasonably assured. The Company reports amounts billed to customers related 
to shipping and handling as revenue and includes costs incurred for shipping and handling in cost of sales. 
Amounts received for unshipped merchandise are not recognized as revenue but rather they are recorded as 
customer deposits and are included in current liabilities. In instances of shipments made on consignment, 
revenue is deferred until a customer indicates to the Company that it has used the Company’s products. The 
Company does not charge its customers rental fees on cylinders or drums used to ship its products.  

Inventories 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first in, first out or average) or net realizable value and have been 
reduced by an allowance for excess or obsolete inventories. The write-down of potentially obsolete or slow-
moving  inventory  is  recorded  based  on  management’s  assumptions  about  future  demand  and  market 
conditions. 

Long-lived assets 

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives, are reviewed 
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset 
may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the 
carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted  future cash  flows expected to be generated by the 
asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is 
recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset, which 
is generally based on discounted cash flows. For the year ended December 31, 2017, there were no triggering 
events which required asset impairment reviews. 

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  costs  over  fair  value  of  assets  of  businesses  acquired.  ASC  350, 
“Intangibles-Goodwill and Other,” requires the use of the acquisition method of accounting for a business 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
combination  and  defines  an  intangible  asset.  Goodwill  and  intangible  assets  acquired  in  a  business 
combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but are instead assessed for 
impairment  annually  and  more  frequently  if  events  and  circumstances  indicate  that  the  asset  might  be 
impaired,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  ASC  350.  The  Company  performed  its  annual  test  as  of 
October 1. ASC 350 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their 
respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment if events 
and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. 

In accordance with ASU No. 2011-08, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for 
Impairment”  (“ASU  2011-08”),  the  Company  first  assesses  qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  it  is 
“more likely than not” (i.e. a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair values of our reporting units are less 
than their respective carrying amounts, including goodwill, as a basis for determining whether it is necessary 
to perform the two step goodwill impairment test.  If determined to be necessary, the two step impairment 
test shall be used to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of a goodwill impairment 
loss to be recognized (if any). The Company has an unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment 
and proceed directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test.  

As  of  October  1,  2017,  2016  and  2015,  the  Company  opted  to  bypass  the  qualitative  assessment  and 
proceeded directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test. We assessed the fair values 
of our reporting units by utilizing the income approach, based on a discounted cash flow valuation model as 
the basis for our conclusions, as well as the market approach and cost approach.  Our estimates of future cash 
flows  included  significant  management  assumptions  such  as  revenue  growth  rates,  operating  margins, 
discount  rates,  estimated  terminal  values  and  future  economic  and  market  conditions.    Our  assessment 
concluded that the fair values of the reporting units exceeded their carrying amounts, including goodwill. 
Accordingly, the goodwill of the reporting units was not considered impaired. The Company may perform 
the qualitative assessment in subsequent periods.   

Accounts Receivable 

We market our products worldwide to a diverse customer base, principally throughout the Americas, Europe, 
and Asia. We grant credit terms in the normal course of business to our customers. We perform on-going 
credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon payment history and the customer's 
current credit worthiness, as determined through review of their current credit information. We continuously 
monitor  collections  and  payments  from  customers  and  maintain  allowances  for  doubtful  accounts  for 
estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Estimated losses 
are  based  on  historical  experience  and  any  specific  customer  collection  issues  identified.  If  the  financial 
condition of our customers were to deteriorate resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, 
additional allowances and related bad debt expense may be required. 

Post-employment Benefits 

The Company provides life insurance and health care benefits for certain eligible retirees and health care 
benefits for certain retirees’ eligible survivors. The costs and obligations related to these benefits reflect the 
Company’s assumptions as to general economic conditions and health care cost trends. The cost of providing 
plan benefits also depends on demographic assumptions including retirements, mortality, turnover, and plan 
participation. If actual experience differs from these assumptions, the cost of providing these benefits could 
increase or decrease. 

In accordance with ASC 715, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits,” the Company is required to recognize 
the over funded or underfunded status of a defined benefit post retirement plan (other than a multiemployer 
plan) as an asset or liability in its statement of financial position, and to recognize changes in that funded 
status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intangible Assets with Finite Lives 

The useful life of an intangible asset is based on the Company’s assumptions regarding expected use of the 
asset;  the  relationship  of the  intangible  asset  to  another  asset  or  group  of assets;  any  legal,  regulatory  or 
contractual provisions that may limit the useful life of the asset or that enable renewal or extension of the 
asset’s legal or contractual life without substantial cost; the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition 
and other economic factors; and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future 
cash flows from the asset and their related impact on the asset’s useful life. If events or circumstances indicate 
that  the  life  of  an  intangible  asset  has  changed,  it  could  result  in  higher  future  amortization  charges  or 
recognition of an impairment loss. 

Income Taxes 

The Tax Reform Act was enacted on December 22, 2017.  The Tax Reform Act reduces the U.S. federal 
corporate  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%,  requires  companies  to  pay  a  one-time  transition  tax  on  earnings  of 
certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced 
earnings.  As of December 31, 2017, we have not completed the accounting for the tax effects of enactment 
of the Tax Reform Act, however, as described below, we have made a reasonable estimate of the effects on 
existing deferred tax balances and transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. 

On December 22, 2017, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118") was issued to address the application 
of US GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or 
analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail  to complete  the  accounting for certain income  tax 
effects of the Act. In accordance with SAB 118, we have determined that the $27.3 million of the deferred 
tax benefit recorded in connection with the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities and 
the  $1.4  million  of  current  tax  expense  recorded  in  connection  with  the  transition  tax  on  the  mandatory 
deemed repatriation of foreign earnings was a provisional amount and a reasonable estimate at December 31, 
2017. Additional work is necessary for a more detailed analysis of our deferred tax assets and liabilities and 
our historical foreign earnings as well as potential correlative adjustments. Any subsequent adjustment to 
these amounts will be recorded to current tax during the measurement period of up to one year following the 
December 2017 enactment of the Tax Reform Act. 

The FASB Staff also provided additional guidance to address the accounting for the effects of the Tax Reform 
Act provisions related to the taxation of GILTI, noting that companies should make an accounting policy 
election to recognize deferred taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future 
years or to include the tax expense in the year it is incurred. We have not completed our analysis of the effects 
of the  GILTI provisions and  will further  consider  the  accounting  policy election  within  the  measurement 
period as provided for under SAB 118. 

The Tax Reform  Act also changed the  individuals  whose  compensation  is  subject  to a  $1 million  cap on 
deductibility under Section 162(m) and includes performance-based compensation such as stock options and 
stock appreciation rights in the calculation. The provision generally applies to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2017 and provides a transition for compensation paid pursuant to a written binding contract 
that  is  in  effect  on  November 2,  2017.  The  Company  will  need  to  carefully  review  the  terms  of  its 
compensation plans and agreements to assess whether such plans and agreements are considered to be written 
binding contracts in effect on November 2, 2017.  Due to the complexity of applying this new provision and 
the  limited  time  to  consider  tax  reform,  the  Company  has  not  yet  completed  its  analysis  of  these  new 
provisions and will finalize its analysis during the measurement period provided under SAB 118. 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement 
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax 
credit  carryforwards.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted  tax  rates  expected  to 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or 
settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the 
period  that  includes  the  enactment  date.  The  Company  regularly  reviews  its  deferred  tax  assets  for 
recoverability and would establish a valuation allowance if it believed that such assets may not be recovered, 
taking  into  consideration  historical  operating  results,  expectations  of  future  earnings,  changes  in  its 
operations and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. 

We account for uncertainty in income taxes utilizing ASC 740-10. ASC 740-10 clarifies whether or not to 
recognize assets or liabilities for tax positions taken that may be challenged by a tax authority. It prescribes 
a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or 
expected to be taken. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and 
penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosures. The application of ASC 740-10 requires judgment 
related to the uncertainty in income taxes and could impact our effective tax rate.  

 Stock-based Compensation 

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, “Compensation-
Stock  Compensation.”  Under  the  fair  value  recognition  provisions  of  this  statement,  share-based 
compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized as expense 
over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment, 
including  estimating  our  stock  price  volatility,  employee  stock  option  exercise  behaviors  and  employee 
option forfeiture rates. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The 
expected  term  of  the  options  is  based  on  the  Company’s  historical  experience  of  employees’  exercise 
behavior. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings is 
based  on  awards  ultimately  expected  to  vest,  the  amount  of  expense  has  been  reduced  for  estimated 
forfeitures. ASC 718 allows for forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in 
subsequent  periods  if  actual  forfeitures  differ  from  those  estimates.  Forfeitures  were  estimated  based  on 
historical experience. If factors change and we employ different assumptions in the application of ASC 718, 
the  compensation  expense  that  we  record  in  future  periods  may  differ  significantly  from  what  we  have 
recorded  in  the  current  period.  See  Note  3  in  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  additional 
information. 

New Accounting Pronouncements 

See Note 1 in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements regarding recent accounting pronouncements. 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  held  primarily  in  money  market  investment  funds.  The  Company  has  no 
derivative  financial  instruments  or  derivative  commodity  instruments,  nor  does  the  Company  have  any 
financial instruments entered into for trading or hedging purposes. As of December 31, 2017, the Company 
had borrowings of $219,500. The Company is exposed to market risks for changes in foreign currency rates 
and has exposure to commodity price risks, including prices of our primary raw materials. Our objective is 
to seek a reduction in the potential negative earnings impact of changes in foreign exchange rates and raw 
material pricing arising in our business activities. The Company manages these financial exposures, where 
possible, through pricing and operational means. Our practices may change as economic conditions change.  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  

Index to Financial Statements and Supplementary Data: 

Page 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of  
December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the  
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity  
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying 
Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

30 

32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

64 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Balchem Corporation 

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Balchem  Corporation  and 
Subsidiaries  (the  "Company")  as  of  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  and  the  related  consolidated 
statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years 
in  the  three-year  period  ended  December  31,  2017,  and  the  related  notes  and  the  financial  statement 
schedule of Balchem Corporation listed at Item 8 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). 
We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, 
based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013.  

In  our  opinion,  the  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the 
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations 
and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 in conformity 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the 
Company maintained, in all  material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. 

Basis for Opinions 
The  Company's  management  is  responsible  for  these  financial  statements,  for  maintaining  effective 
internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control 
over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements 
and an opinion on the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a 
public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that 
we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements 
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control 
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  

Our audits of the  financial statements  included performing procedures  to assess the risks  of  material 
misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall 
presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included 
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control 
based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
A  company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for 
external purposes in accordance  with generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company's  internal 

30 

 
 
 
 
  
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance 
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the 
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to 
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, 
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations 
of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention 
or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could 
have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the 
risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ RSM US LLP 

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2004.  

New York, New York 
March 1, 2018 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALCHEM CORPORATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2017 and 2016
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $431 and $489 at

December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively

Inventories
Prepaid expenses
Deferred income taxes
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Goodwill
Intangible assets with finite lives, net
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Current liabilities:

Trade accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Accrued compensation and other benefits
Dividends payable
Current portion of long-term debt
Total current liabilities

Long-term debt
Revolver loan - long-term
Deferred income taxes
Other long-term obligations

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (note 12)

Stockholders' equity:

Preferred stock, $25 par value. Authorized 2,000,000      

shares; none issued and outstanding

Common stock, $.0667 par value. Authorized 120,000,000 shares; 32,019,605

shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 31,757,861 shares   
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016

Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders' equity

2017

2016

$            

40,416

$            

38,643

91,226
60,696
4,774
-
2,224
199,336

189,793

83,252
57,245
4,110
712
4,480
188,442

165,754

441,361
128,073
5,073
963,636

$          

439,811
147,484
7,135
948,626

$          

$            

28,451
22,930
8,531
13,484
35,000
108,396

183,964
-
48,548
5,847
346,755

$            

32,514
14,758
6,648
12,088
35,000
101,008

226,490
19,000
74,199
6,896
427,593

-

-

2,135
151,749
464,639
(1,642)
616,881

2,117
137,676
388,089
(6,849)
521,033

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

$          

963,636

$          

948,626

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

32

              
              
              
              
                
                
                    
                   
                
                
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
                
                
              
              
                
                
              
              
              
              
            
            
            
            
                    
              
              
              
                
                
            
            
                    
                    
                
                
            
            
            
            
               
               
            
            
BALCHEM CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(In thousands, except per share data)

Net sales

Cost of sales

Gross margin

Operating expenses:
Selling expenses
Research and development expenses
General and administrative expenses

Earnings from operations

Other expenses (income):

Interest income
Interest expense
Other, net

Earnings before income tax expense

Income tax (benefit)/expense

2017

2016

2015

$     

594,790

$     

553,204

$     

552,492

405,781

372,343

384,395

189,009

180,861

168,097

54,720
9,305
27,729
91,754

97,255

(12)
7,544
1,235

88,488

(1,583)

55,172
7,325
27,526
90,023

90,838

(9)
7,265
648

82,934

26,962

46,255
5,990
21,896
74,141

93,956

(9)
6,593
309

87,063

27,341

Net earnings

$       

90,071

$       

55,972

$       

59,722

Basic net earnings per common share 

$           

2.83

$           

1.78

$           

1.92

Diluted net earnings per common share

$           

2.79

$           

1.75

$           

1.89

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

33

 
 
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
         
         
         
           
           
           
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
               
                 
                 
           
           
           
           
              
              
         
         
         
          
         
         
BALCHEM CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(In thousands)

2017

2016

2015

Net earnings

$              

90,071

$            

55,972

$             

59,722

Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax:

      Net foreign currency translation adjustment

5,404

(1,390)

(2,615)

      Net change in postretirement benefit plan, net of taxes of $207, 

$49, and $72 at December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively

Other comprehensive income/(loss)

(197)

5,207

(345)

152

(1,735)

(2,463)

Comprehensive income

$              

95,278

$            

54,237

$             

57,259

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

34

                  
               
               
                   
                  
                    
                  
               
               
BALCHEM CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity 
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Total
Stockholders'
Equity

Accumulated
Other

Retained Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Earnings

Common Stock

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Balance - December 31, 2014

$           

391,898

$     

295,202

$          

(2,651)

30,845,586

$         

2,058

-

-

$       

97,289

Net earnings
Other comprehensive loss
Dividends ($.34 per share)
Treasury shares purchased
Shares and options issued under stock plans and

59,722
(2,463)
(10,727)
(1,205)

59,722
-
(10,727)
-

-
(2,463)
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
(20,692)

-
-
-
(1,205)

-
-
-
-

an income tax benefit of $7,009

26,480

-

-

682,863

44

19,603

1,131

25,305

Balance - December 31, 2015

463,705

344,197

(5,114)

31,528,449

2,102

(1,089)

(74)

122,594

Net earnings
Other comprehensive loss
Dividends ($.38 per share)
Treasury shares purchased
Shares and options issued under stock plans and

an income tax benefit of $2,546

55,972
(1,735)
(12,080)
(1,588)

55,972
-
(12,080)
-

-
(1,735)
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
(24,912)

-
-
-
(1,588)

-
-
-
-

16,759

-

-

229,412

15

26,001

1,662

15,082

Balance - December 31, 2016

521,033

388,089

(6,849)

31,757,861

2,117

Net earnings

90,071

90,071

-

-

 Other comprehensive income, net of cumulative effect of 
accounting change 
Dividends ($.42 per share)
Treasury shares purchased
Shares and options issued under stock plans

5,150
(13,464)
(1,905)
15,996

(57)
(13,464)
-
-

5,207
-
-
-

-
-
-
261,744

-

-
-
-
18

-

-

-

-

-
-
(23,182)
23,182

-
-
(1,905)
1,905

137,676

-

-
-
-
14,073

Balance - December 31, 2017

$           

616,881

$     

464,639

$          

(1,642)

32,019,605

$         

2,135

-

$            
-

$     

151,749

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

35

     
                
              
               
         
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                
              
            
                  
              
                
              
              
              
       
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                
              
                 
                  
              
        
         
              
               
              
                 
          
                
          
           
         
             
       
            
     
           
          
              
       
               
         
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                
              
            
                  
              
                
              
              
              
       
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                
              
                 
                  
              
        
         
              
               
              
                 
          
                
          
           
         
             
       
            
     
           
                
              
       
               
         
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                 
              
             
                  
              
                
              
              
              
       
                 
                  
              
                
              
              
                
              
                 
                  
              
        
         
              
               
              
                 
          
                
          
           
         
     
                
BALCHEM CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(In thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net earnings

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to
net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Stock compensation expense
Deferred income taxes 
Provision for doubtful accounts 
Foreign currency transaction loss 
Loss on disposal of assets

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquired balances

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Income taxes
Other 

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds from insurance
Intangible assets acquired

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from revolving loan
Principal payments on revolving loan
Principal payment on acquired debt
Proceeds from stock options exercised
Excess tax benefits from stock compensation
Dividends paid
Purchase of treasury stock 

Net cash used in by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Increase/(Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents end of period

Supplemental Cash Flow Information - see Note 16

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

36

2017

2016

2015

$       

90,071

$       

55,972

$       

59,722

44,379
6,264
(28,777)
69
340
254

(3,906)
(319)
(439)
1,511
449
722
110,618

(27,526)
(17,393)
22
2,792
(591)
(42,696)

(43,000)
25,000
(44,000)
(2,384)
9,732
-
(12,069)
(1,905)
(68,626)

2,477

1,773

46,202
7,024
(6,881)
258
(16)
320

(15,659)
4,745
240
17,841
(2,765)
331
107,612

(23,034)
(110,601)
4
1,000
(963)
(133,594)

(35,000)
72,500
(53,500)
(884)
7,192
2,546
(10,720)
(1,588)
(19,454)

39,964
6,829
(2,857)
(53)
25
301

10,809
3,126
1,233
(15,718)
633
(188)
103,826

(41,300)
-
34
-
(1,011)
(42,277)

(35,000)
-
-
-
12,605
7,009
(9,251)
(1,205)
(25,842)

(716)

(1,199)

(46,152)

34,508

38,643
40,416

$       

84,795
38,643

$       

50,287
84,795

$       

   
   
   
   
         
         
         
           
           
           
        
          
          
                
              
               
              
               
                
              
              
              
          
        
         
             
           
           
             
              
           
           
         
        
              
          
              
              
              
             
       
       
       
        
        
        
        
      
               
                
                  
                
           
           
               
             
             
          
        
      
        
        
        
        
         
         
               
        
        
               
          
             
               
           
           
         
               
           
           
        
        
          
          
          
          
        
        
        
           
             
          
           
        
         
         
         
         
BALCHEM CORPORATION 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data) 

NOTE 1 - BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING 
POLICIES 

Business Description  

Balchem  Corporation  (including,  unless  the  context  otherwise  requires,  its  wholly-owned  subsidiaries, 
SensoryEffects, Inc., SensoryEffects Cereal Systems, Inc., Albion Laboratories, Inc., BCP Ingredients, Inc., 
Aberco,  Inc.,  Balchem  BV,  Balchem  Italia  Srl,  Innovative  Food  Processors,  Inc.,  and  Balchem  LTD 
(“Balchem”  or  the  “Company”)),  incorporated  in  the  State  of  Maryland  in  1967,  is  engaged  in  the 
development, manufacture and marketing of specialty performance ingredients and products for the food, 
nutritional, feed, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and medical sterilization industries.  

Principles of Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. 
All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue for each of our business segments is recognized upon product shipment, passage of title and risk of 
loss, and when collection is reasonably assured. The Company reports amounts billed to customers related 
to shipping and handling as revenue and includes costs incurred for shipping and handling in cost of sales. 
Amounts received for unshipped merchandise are not recognized as revenue but rather they are recorded as 
customer deposits and are included in current liabilities. In instances of shipments made on consignment, 
revenue is deferred until a customer indicates to the Company that it has used the Company’s products. The 
Company does not charge its customers rental fees on cylinders or drums used to ship its products.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The  Company  considers  all  highly  liquid  investments  with  a  maturity  of  three  months  or  less  to  be  cash 
equivalents.  The  Company  has  funds  in  its  cash  accounts  that  are  with  third  party  financial 
institutions, primarily in money market funds. The Company’s U.S. and Italy cash balances at these financial 
institutions exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and Fondo Interbancario di Tutela 
dei Depositi (“FITD”) insurance limits. 

Accounts Receivable 

Credit terms are granted in the normal course of business to our customers. On-going credit evaluations are 
performed on our customers and credit limits are adjusted based upon payment history and the customer's 
current credit worthiness, as determined through review of their current credit information. Collections and 
payments from customers are continuously monitored and allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated 
losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments are maintained. Estimated 
losses are based on historical experience and any specific customer collection issues identified. 

Inventories  

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first in, first out or average) or net realizable value and have been 
reduced  by  an  allowance  for  excess  or  obsolete  inventories.  Cost  elements  include  material,  labor  and 
manufacturing overhead. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of plant and equipment is calculated using the 
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: 

Buildings 
Equipment 

15-25 years 
  2-28 years 

Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense. Alterations and major overhauls that extend 
the lives or increase the capacity of plant assets are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed 
of, the cost of the assets and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any 
resultant gain or loss is included in earnings.  

Business Concentrations 

Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable and 
money  market  investments.  Investments  are  managed  within  established  guidelines  to  mitigate  risks. 
Accounts receivable subject the Company to credit risk partially due to the concentration of amounts due 
from customers. The Company extends credit to its customers based upon an evaluation of the customers’ 
financial  condition  and  credit  histories.  The  majority  of  the  Company’s  customers  are  major  national  or 
international corporations. In 2017, 2016 and 2015, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total net 
sales.  

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets 

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  costs  over  fair  value  of  assets  of  businesses  acquired.  ASC  350, 
“Intangibles-Goodwill and Other,” requires the use of the acquisition method of accounting for a business 
combination  and  defines  an  intangible  asset.  Goodwill  and  intangible  assets  acquired  in  a  business 
combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but are instead assessed for 
impairment  annually  and  more  frequently  if  events  and  circumstances  indicate  that  the  asset  might  be 
impaired, in accordance with the provisions of ASC 350. The Company performs its annual test as of October 
1. ASC 350 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective 
estimated  useful  lives  to  their  estimated  residual  values,  and  reviewed  for  impairment  if  events  and 
circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.  

In accordance with ASC 350, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is “more 
likely than not” (i.e. a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair values of our reporting units are less than 
their respective carrying amounts, including goodwill, as a basis for determining whether it  is necessary to 
perform the two step goodwill impairment test.  If determined to be necessary, the two step impairment test 
shall be used to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of a goodwill impairment 
loss to be recognized (if any). The Company has an unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment 
and proceed directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test.  

As of October 1, 2017 and 2016, the Company opted to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceeded 
directly  to  performing  the  first  step  of  the  goodwill  impairment  test.  We  assessed  the  fair  values  of  our 
reporting units by utilizing the income approach, based on a discounted cash flow valuation model as the 
basis for our conclusions, as well as market approaches for certain reporting units.  Our estimates of future 
cash flows included significant management assumptions such as revenue growth rates, operating margins, 
discount  rates,  estimated  terminal  values  and  future  economic  and  market  conditions.    Our  assessment 
concluded that the fair values of the reporting units exceeded their carrying amounts, including goodwill. 
Accordingly,  the  goodwill  of  the  reporting  units  is  not  considered  impaired.  The  Company  may  resume 
performing the qualitative assessment in subsequent periods.   

The Company had goodwill in the amount of $441,361 and $439,811 as of December 31, 2017 and December 
31, 2016, respectively, subject to the provisions of ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.”   

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill at January 1, 2017 
Goodwill  as  a  result  of  the  Acquisitions  –  see 
Note 2 
Goodwill at December 31, 2017 

  $               439,811 

                     1,550 
  $               441,361 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

  December 31, 

  December 31, 

$ 

$ 

2017 

405,334  $ 

12,137 
22,662 
1,228 
441,361  $ 

2016 

404,187 
11,734 
22,662 
1,228 
439,811 

The following intangible assets with finite lives are stated at cost and are amortized either on an accelerated 
basis or on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives: 

                                                     Amortization Period 

       (in years) 

Customer relationships and lists 
Trademarks & trade names 
Developed technology 
Regulatory registration costs 
Patents & trade secrets  
Other 

10 
5 - 17 
5 
5 - 10 
15 - 17 
3 - 18 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  there  were  no  triggering  events  which  required  intangible  asset 
impairment reviews. 

Income Taxes 

The Tax Reform Act was enacted on December 22, 2017.  The Tax Reform Act reduces the U.S. federal 
corporate  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%,  requires  companies  to  pay  a  one-time  transition  tax  on  earnings  of 
certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced 
earnings.  As of December 31, 2017, we have not completed the accounting for the tax effects of enactment 
of the Tax Reform Act, however, as described below, we have made a reasonable estimate of the effects on 
existing deferred tax balances and transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. 

On December 22, 2017, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118") was issued to address the application 
of US GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or 
analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail  to complete  the  accounting for certain income  tax 
effects of the Act. In accordance with SAB 118, we have determined that the $27.3 million of the deferred 
tax benefit recorded in connection with the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities and 
the  $1.4  million  of  current  tax  expense  recorded  in  connection  with  the  transition  tax  on  the  mandatory 
deemed repatriation of foreign earnings was a provisional amount and a reasonable estimate at December 31, 
2017. Additional work is necessary for a more detailed analysis of our deferred tax assets and liabilities and 
our historical foreign earnings as well as potential correlative adjustments. Any subsequent adjustment to 
these amounts will be recorded to current tax during the measurement period of up to one year following the 
December 2017 enactment of the Tax Reform Act. 

The FASB Staff also provided additional guidance to address the accounting for the effects of the Tax Reform 
Act  provisions  related  to  the  taxation  of  Global  Intangible  Low-Taxed  Income  (“GILTI”),  noting  that 
companies  should  make  an  accounting  policy  election  to  recognize  deferred  taxes  for  temporary  basis 
differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years or to include the tax expense in the year it is incurred. 

39 

 
 
 
 
                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  have  not  completed  our  analysis  of  the  effects  of  the  GILTI  provisions  and  will  further  consider  the 
accounting policy election within the measurement period as provided for under SAB 118. 

The Tax Reform  Act also changed the  individuals  whose  compensation  is  subject  to a  $1 million  cap on 
deductibility under Section 162(m) and includes performance-based compensation such as stock options and 
stock appreciation rights in the calculation. The provision generally applies to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2017 and provides a transition for compensation paid pursuant to a written binding contract 
that  is  in  effect  on  November 2,  2017.  The  Company  will  need  to  carefully  review  the  terms  of  its 
compensation plans and agreements to assess whether such plans and agreements are considered to be written 
binding contracts in effect on November 2, 2017.  Due to the complexity of applying this new provision and 
the  limited  time  to  consider  tax  reform,  the  Company  has  not  yet  completed  its  analysis  of  these  new 
provisions and will finalize its analysis during the measurement period provided under SAB 118. 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement 
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax 
credit  carryforwards.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted  tax  rates  expected  to 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or 
settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the 
period  that  includes  the  enactment  date.  The  Company  regularly  reviews  its  deferred  tax  assets  for 
recoverability and would establish a valuation allowance if it believed that such assets may not be recovered, 
taking  into  consideration  historical  operating  results,  expectations  of  future  earnings,  changes  in  its 
operations and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. 

We account for uncertainty in income taxes utilizing ASC 740-10. ASC 740-10 clarifies whether or not to 
recognize assets or liabilities for tax positions taken that may be challenged by a tax authority. It prescribes 
a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or 
expected to be taken. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and 
penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosures. The application of ASC 740-10 requires judgment 
related to the uncertainty in income taxes and could impact our effective tax rate.  

Use of Estimates 

Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates and assumptions during the preparation 
of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the 
United  States  of  America.  These  estimates  and  assumptions  impact  the  reported  amount  of  assets  and 
liabilities  and  disclosures  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  as  of  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed 
periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period 
they are determined to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

The  Company  has  a  number  of  financial  instruments,  none  of  which  are  held  for  trading  purposes.  The 
Company estimates that the fair value of all financial instruments at December 31, 2017 and 2016 does not 
differ materially from the aggregate carrying values of its financial instruments recorded in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using 
available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessarily 
required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value, and, accordingly, the estimates are 
not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The 
carrying value of debt approximates fair value as the interest rate is based on  market and the Company’s 
consolidated leverage ratio. The Company’s financial instruments also include cash equivalents, accounts 
receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and are carried at cost which approximates fair value 
due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.  

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Sales 

Cost of sales are primarily comprised of raw materials and supplies consumed in the manufacture of product, 
as  well  as  manufacturing  labor,  maintenance  labor,  depreciation  expense,  and  direct  overhead  expense 
necessary  to  convert  purchased  materials  and  supplies  into  finished  product.  Cost  of  sales  also  includes 
inbound freight costs, outbound freight costs for shipping products to customers, warehousing costs, quality 
control and obsolescence expense. 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 

Selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefit costs, amortization of customer relationships 
and lists, trade promotions, advertising, commissions and other marketing costs. General and administrative 
expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefit costs, occupancy and operating costs of corporate offices, 
depreciation  and  amortization  expense  on  non-manufacturing  assets,  information  systems  costs  and  other 
miscellaneous administrative costs.  

Research and Development 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. 

Net Earnings Per Common Share 

Basic net earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number 
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net earnings per common share is calculated in a 
manner consistent with basic net earnings per common share except that the weighted average number of 
common shares outstanding also includes the dilutive effect of stock options outstanding, unvested restricted 
stock, and unvested performance shares (using the treasury stock method).  

Stock-based Compensation 

The Company has stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 3. The 
Company  accounts  for  stock-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  ASC  718,  “Compensation-Stock 
Compensation,” which requires all share-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized 
in the income statement as an operating expense, based on their fair values. The Company estimates the fair 
value of each option award on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes based option-pricing model. Estimates 
of  and  assumptions  about  forfeiture  rates,  terms,  volatility,  interest  rates  and  dividend  yields  are  used  to 
calculate  stock-based  compensation.  A  significant  change  to  these  estimates  could  materially  affect  the 
Company’s operating results. 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets 

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, 
are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount 
of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison 
of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by 
the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is 
recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset, which 
is generally based on discounted cash flows. 

New Accounting Pronouncements 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards 

In  May  2014,  the  FASB  issued  a  comprehensive  new  revenue  recognition  standard  that  will  supersede 
existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the new guidance is that a 
company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
amount that reflects the consideration to which  the  company expects to  be  entitled  in  exchange  for those 
goods or services. The standard creates a five step model that requires companies to exercise judgment when 
considering the terms of a contract and all relevant facts and circumstances. The standard allows for several 
transition  methods: (a) a  full  retrospective adoption in  which  the  standard  is  applied to  all of the  periods 
presented, or (b) a modified retrospective adoption in which the standard is applied only to the most current 
period  presented  in  the  financial  statements  with  a  cumulative-effect  adjustment  reflected  in  retained 
earnings.  The  standard  also  requires  expanded  disclosures  regarding  the  qualitative  and  quantitative 
information of an entity's  nature, amount,  timing and uncertainty of  revenue and cash  flows  arising  from 
contracts  with  customers.  This  new  revenue  recognition  standard  will  be  effective  for  annual  reporting 
periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period.  

We  performed  a  detailed  review  of  our  contract  portfolio  representative  of  our  different  businesses  and 
compared historical accounting policies and practices to the new standard. Because the standard will impact 
our  business  processes,  systems  and  controls,  we  also  developed  a  comprehensive  change  management 
project plan to guide the implementation. Over the course of 2017, we have conducted training sessions for 
those in our global organization that will be impacted by the new standard. Our primary business is the sale 
of products, and the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard will not have a material impact on our 
financial  statements.  We  adopted  the  new  standard  effective  January  1,  2018  utilizing  the  modified 
retrospective method. The cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings upon adoption is not material. 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-02,  “Leases”  (“ASU  2016-02”),  which  addresses  the 
recognition of assets and liabilities that arise from all leases. The guidance requires lessees to recognize right-
to-use assets and lease liabilities for most leases in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The guidance is effective 
for  annual  and  interim  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2018  and  early  adoption  is  permitted.  The 
Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-
01”),  which addresses the definition of  what  constitutes  a  business  by  providing  clarification of  the  three 
elements that constitutes a business. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017. Although, early adoption is permitted, the Company has elected not to adopt early as 
this ASU will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

In  January  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2017-04,  “Simplifying  the  Test  for  Goodwill  Impairment” 
(“ASU 2017-04”), which addresses changes to the testing for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step 2 of 
the  process.  The  guidance  is  effective  for  annual  and  interim  goodwill  impairment  tests  in  fiscal  years 
beginning after December 15, 2019. Although, early adoption is permitted, the Company has elected not to 
adopt early as this ASU is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements. 

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards 

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” (“ASU 2015-
11”), which requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The Company 
adopted ASU 2015-11 on January 1, 2017 prospectively (prior periods have not been restated). There was no 
significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” 
(“ASU 2015-17”), to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes. The ASU requires that deferred tax 
liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The Company 
adopted ASU 2015-17 on January 1, 2017 prospectively (prior periods have not been restated). There was no 
significant impact to the consolidated financial statements other than the decrease of current assets and long-
term liabilities.  

In  March  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-09,  “Improvements  to  Employee  Share-Based  Payment 
Accounting”  (“ASU  2016-09”),  which  addresses  the  accounting  for  share-based  payment  transactions, 
including  the  income  tax  consequences,  classification  of  awards  as  either  equity  or  liabilities,  and 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
classification  on  the  statement  of  cash  flows.  The  Company  adopted  ASU  2016-09 on January  1, 
2017 prospectively  (prior  periods  have  not  been  restated).  The  primary  impact  of  adoption  was  the 
recognition during the year ended December 31, 2017, of excess tax benefits of approximately $2,589, as a 
reduction to the provision for income taxes and the classification of these excess tax benefits in operating 
activities  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  instead  of  financing  activities.  The  presentation 
requirements for cash flows related to employee taxes paid for withheld shares had no impact to any of the 
periods presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows, since such cash flows have historically been 
presented  in  financing  activities.  The  Company  also  elected  to  continue  estimating  forfeitures  when 
determining  the  amount  of  stock-based  compensation  costs  to  be  recognized  in  each  period.  No  other 
provisions of ASU 2016-09 had a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures. 

In  February  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-02,  “Reclassification  of  Certain  Tax  Effects  from 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2018-02”), to address the application of ASC 740 to 
certain provisions of the new tax reform legislation commonly known as Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax 
Act”). ASC 740 requires the effect of a change in tax rates on deferred assets and liabilities be included in 
income from continuing operations in the reporting period that contains the enactment date of the change. 
The guidance applies even in situations in which the tax effects were initially recognized directly in other 
comprehensive  income  at  the  previous  rate,  resulting  in  a  stranded  amount  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) related to the income tax rate differential. ASU 2018-02 requires the 
Company to reclassify the amount of stranded taxes in AOCI to retained earnings. This update is effective 
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods therein, and early adoption is 
permitted. The Company has elected the early adoption of this ASU as there was not a material impact to the 
financial statements. 

NOTE 2 – ACQUISITIONS 

Acquisition of Albion International, Inc. 

On  February  1,  2016,  the  Company  acquired  100  percent  of  the  outstanding  common  shares  of  Albion 
International,  Inc.  (“Albion”  or  the  “Acquisition”),  a  privately  held  manufacturer  of  mineral  amino  acid 
chelates, specialized mineral salts and mineral complexes, headquartered in Clearfield, Utah.  The Company 
made payments of approximately $116,400 on the acquisition date, amounting to approximately $110,600 to 
the  former  shareholders,  adjustments  for  working  capital  acquired  of  $4,900,  and  approximately  $900  to 
Albion’s  lenders  to  pay  off  all  Albion  bank  debt.    Albion  has  been  a  world  leader  and  innovator  in  the 
manufacture of superior organic mineral compounds for sixty years and leverages scientific expertise in the 
areas of human and micronutrient agricultural nutrition.  Albion’s products are renowned in the supplement 
industry for technologically advanced, unparalleled bioavailability.  The acquisition of Albion continues to 
expand the Company’s science based human health and wellness solutions and will immediately increase our 
product offerings in the nutritional ingredient market.  Additionally, the Company will also benefit from a 
broader geographic footprint and a stronger position as a technological leader in spray-drying and ingredient 
delivery solutions.  Albion’s human nutrition business has become a part of the Human Nutrition & Health 
reportable segment and the micronutrient agricultural business has become a part of the Specialty Products 
reportable segment. 

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 

Cash and cash equivalents  
Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Property, plant and equipment 
Customer relationships 
Developed technology 
Trade name 
Licensing agreements 
Other assets 
Trade accounts payable 

$     4,949 
7,671 
15,989 
7,217 
18,443 
9,060 
7,224 
6,658 
1,200 
(1,104) 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued expenses 
Bank debt 
Deferred income taxes 
Goodwill 
Amount paid to shareholders 
Albion bank debt paid on purchase date 
Total amount paid on acquisition date 

(2,788) 
(884) 
(13,990) 
        55,905 
      115,550 
             884 
    $ 116,434 

The goodwill of $55,905 arising from the Acquisition consists largely of expected synergies, including the 
combined entities’ experience and technical problem solving capabilities, and acquired workforce. Goodwill 
of  $40,403  and  $15,502  is  assigned  to  the  Human  Nutrition  &  Health  and  Specialty  Products  segments, 
respectively, and approximately $2,020 is tax deductible for income tax purposes. 

The valuation of the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on 
management’s estimates and  assumptions. In preparing our  fair  value of  the  intangible assets and  certain 
tangible assets acquired, management, among other things, consulted an independent advisor.  

Customer relationships are amortized  over a 10-year period  utilizing  an  accelerated  method  based on the 
estimated average customer attrition rate. Trade name, licensing agreements, and developed technology are 
amortized  over  17  years,  8  years,  and  5  years,  respectively,  utilizing  the  straight-line  method  as  the 
consumption pattern of the related economic benefits cannot be reliably determined. 

Transaction and integration related costs included in selling, and general and administrative expenses for the 
years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are $8 and $1,499, respectively. 

The  following  unaudited  pro  forma  information  has  been  prepared  as  if  the  Acquisition  had  occurred  on 
January 1, 2015. 

Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 

Year Ended 
December 31, 2016 

Net Sales  Net Earnings  Net Sales  Net Earnings 

Albion’s actual results included in the Company’s 

consolidated income statement  

 $57,494 

$ 11,648 

 $49,608 

$ 2,938 

Supplemental  pro  forma  combined  financial 

information 

$594,790 

$ 90,080 

$557,784 

$ 60,840 

    Basic earnings per share 
    Diluted earnings per share 

  $   2.83 
  $   2.79 

  $   1.93 
  $   1.91 

2017  supplemental  pro  forma  earnings  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  exclude  a  working  capital 
adjustment  refund  of  $162  and  acquisition-related  costs  incurred  of  $170.  2016  supplemental  pro  forma 
earnings for the year ended December 31, 2016 exclude $26,210 of acquisition-related costs incurred and 
$5,363 of non-recurring expenses related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory. The pro 
forma information presented does not purport to be indicative of the results that actually would have been 
attained if the Albion acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented and is not intended 
to be a projection of future results. 

Acquisition of Chol-Mix Kft 

On  March  24,  2017,  the  Company,  through  its  European  subsidiary  Balchem  Italia  SRL,  entered  into  an 
agreement  to  purchase  certain  assets  of  Chol-Mix  Kft  (“Chol-Mix),  a  privately  held  manufacturer  of dry 
choline chloride, with knowledge and technical know-how supporting the application of liquids on carriers, 
located  in  Hungary,  for  a  purchase  price  of  €1,500.  As  of  December  31,  2017,  approximately  €1,150, 
translated  to  approximately  $1,230,  has  been  paid  to  Chol-Mix  Kft  with  the  remaining  balance  of 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
approximately €350, translated to approximately $419, due at the end of a related manufacturing agreement. 
The acquisition of Chol-Mix’s assets will provide our Animal Nutrition & Health segment with additional 
dry  choline  chloride  capacity  in  Europe,  geographical  expansion  opportunities  in  Eastern  Europe,  and 
technical knowledge supporting the application of liquids on carriers.  

Management  has  completed  its  accounting  for  the  acquisition.  As  a  result,  the  fair  values  of  the  assets 
acquired have been determined and goodwill of $404 has been recorded. 

Transaction related costs included in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 
2017 are $78. 

Acquisition of Innovative Food Processors, Inc. 

On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired 100 percent of the outstanding common shares of  Innovative Food 
Processors,  Inc.  (“IFP”),  a  privately  held  manufacturer  of  agglomerated  and  microencapsulated  food  and 
nutrition ingredients, headquartered in Faribault, Minnesota. The Company made payments of approximately 
$22,975  on  the  acquisition  date  and  $635  in  September  to  true-up  working  capital,  amounting  to 
approximately $16,161 to the former shareholders, adjustments for working capital acquired of $5,065, and 
$2,384 to IFP’s lenders to pay off all IFP bank debt. The acquisition of IFP expands the Company’s Human 
Nutrition & Health segment’s processing technology and market reach, while bringing innovative and value-
added systems to food, beverage, and nutrition customers.  

Management  has  completed  its  preliminary  accounting  for  the  acquisition.  As  a  result,  the  estimated  fair 
values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been determined and $1,146 of estimated goodwill 
has been recorded. 

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 

Cash and cash equivalents  
Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 
Property, plant and equipment 
Customer relationships 
Developed technology 
Trademark & trade name 
Covenant not to compete 
Goodwill 
Trade accounts payable 
Accrued expenses 
Bank debt 
Deferred income taxes 
Amount paid to shareholders 
IFP bank debt paid on purchase date 
Total amount paid on acquisition date 

$     5,065 
2,860 
2,537 
186 
12,219 
2,942 
1,078 
1,388 
126 
1,146 
(844) 
(1,416) 
(2,384) 
      (3,677) 
     21,226 
        2,384 
  $ 23,610 

The goodwill of $1,146 arising from the IFP Acquisition consists largely of expected synergies, including 
the combined entities’ experience and technical problem solving capabilities, and acquired workforce. The 
goodwill is assigned to the Human Nutrition &  Health segment,  and is not  tax  deductible  for income tax 
purposes. 

The valuation of the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on 
management’s estimates and  assumptions. In preparing our  fair  value of  the  intangible assets and  certain 
tangible assets acquired, management, among other things, consulted an independent advisor. Additionally, 
certain intangible assets are not tax deductible and the related deferred tax liabilities are preliminary pending 
management’s final review. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationships are amortized  over a 10-year period  utilizing  an  accelerated  method  based on the 
estimated average customer attrition rate. Trademark, trade name, covenant not to compete, and developed 
technology are amortized over 10 years, 5 years, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively, utilizing the straight-line 
method as the consumption pattern of the related economic benefits cannot be reliably determined. 

The Company is indemnified for tax liabilities prior to the acquisition date. Indemnified tax liabilities will 
create an indemnification asset (receivable). At this time, an indemnification asset (receivable) balance has 
not been established.  

Transaction related costs included in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 
2017 are $2,163. 

The Company has elected not to show pro forma information as this acquisition was immaterial to the overall 
financial results of the Company.  

NOTE 3 - STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

All share-based payments, including grants of stock options, are recognized in the income statement as an 
operating expense, based on their fair values. 

The  Company  has  made  an  estimate  of  expected  forfeitures,  based  on  its  historical  experience,  and  is 
recognizing compensation cost only for those stock-based compensation awards expected to vest.  

The  Company’s  results  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016  and  2015  reflected  the  following 
compensation cost and such compensation cost had the following effects on net earnings:   

Increase/(Decrease) for the 
Years Ended December 31, 

Cost of sales 
Operating expenses 
Net earnings 

$ 

2017 
         524 
      5,736 
     (3,990) 

$ 

2016 
      1,040 
      5,984 
    (4,473) 

$ 

       2015 
            854 
         5,975 
       (4,395) 

On December 31, 2017, the Company had one share-based compensation plan under which awards may be 
granted, which is described below (the “2017 Plan”). 

In June 2017, the Company adopted the Balchem Corporation 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2017 Plan”) 
for officers, employees and directors of the Company and its subsidiaries. The 2017 Plan replaced the 1999 
Stock Plan and amendments and restatements thereto (collectively to be referred to as the “1999 Plan’), which 
expires on April 9, 2018. No further awards will be made under the 1999 Plan, and the shares that remained 
available for grant under the 1999 Plan will only be used to settle outstanding awards granted under the 1999 
Plan and will not become available under the 2017 Plan. The 2017 Plan is administered by the Compensation 
Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The 2017 Plan provides as follows: i) for a termination 
date  of June  13,  2027;  (ii)  to  authorize  1,600,000  shares  reserved  for  future  grants,  a  reduction  from  the 
6,000,000 shares authorized for grant under the 1999 Plan; (iii) for the making of grants of stock options, 
stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and other stock-based awards, as well 
as for the making of cash performance awards; (iv) except as provided in an employment agreement as in 
effect  on  the  effective  date  of  the  2017  Plan,  no  automatic  acceleration  of  outstanding  awards  upon  the 
occurrence of a change in control of the Company; (v) certain annual limits on the number of shares and 
amount of cash that  may  be  granted;  (vii)  for dividends or  dividend  equivalents  otherwise  payable  on  an 
unvested award to accrue and be paid only at such time as the vesting conditions applicable to the underlying 
award have been satisfied; (vii) for certain discretionary compensation recovery if the Company is required 
to  prepare  an  accounting  restatement  of  its  financial  statements  due  to  the  Company’s  material 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
noncompliance with any financial reporting requirements under the securities laws; and (viii) for compliance 
with the requirements of Section 409A of the  Internal Revenue  Code  of  1986, as amended (the “Internal 
Revenue Code” or the “Code”). No option will be exercisable for longer than ten years after the date of grant. 

The  shares  to  be  issued  upon  exercise  of  the  outstanding  options  have  been  approved,  reserved  and  are 
adequate to cover all exercises. As of December 31, 2017, the 2017 Plan had 1,586,500 shares available for 
future awards. 

The Company had Restricted Stock Purchase Agreements (the “RSP Agreements”) with its non-employee 
directors and certain employees of the Company to purchase the Company’s Common Stock pursuant to the 
Company’s 1999 Stock Plan. Under the RSP Agreements, certain shares were purchased, ranging from 1,000 
shares to 20,250 shares, of the Company’s Common Stock at purchase prices ranging from approximately 
$.02  per  share  to  $.07 per  share. The  purchased  stock  was  subject  to  a  repurchase  option  in  favor  of  the 
Company  and  to  restrictions  on  transfer  until  it  vested  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  RSP 
Agreements.  In  2011,  the  Company  discontinued  the  use  of  RSP  Agreements  and  replaced  them  with 
Restricted Stock Grant Agreements for the Company’s non-employee directors and certain employees. Under 
the Restricted Stock Grant Agreements, certain shares of the Company’s Common Stock have been granted, 
ranging from 500 shares to 54,000 shares, to its non-employee directors and certain employees, subject to 
time-based vesting requirements. 

The Company also has performance share (“PS”) awards, which provide the recipients the right to receive a 
certain  number  of  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  in  the  future,  subject  to  an  (1)  EBITDA 
performance  hurdle, where vesting is dependent upon the Company achieving a certain EBITDA percentage 
growth  over  the  performance  period,  and  (2)  relative  total  shareholder  return  (“TSR”)  where  vesting  is 
dependent upon the Company’s TSR performance over the performance period relative to a comparator group 
consisting of the Russell 2000 index constituents. 

The fair value of each option award issued under the Company’s stock plans is estimated on the date of grant 
using a Black-Scholes based option-pricing  model that uses the assumptions noted in the following table. 
Expected  volatilities  are  based  on  historical  volatility  of  the  Company’s  stock.  The  expected  term  of  the 
options is based on the Company’s historical experience of employees’ exercise behavior. Dividend yields 
are based on the Company’s historical dividend yields. Risk-free interest rates are based on the implied yields 
currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life. 

Weighted Average Assumptions: 

2017 

Expected Volatility 

Expected Term (in years) 

Risk-Free Interest Rate 
Dividend Yield 

30.1% 
4.6 

1.8% 

0.5% 

Years Ended 
December 31, 
2016 

34.4% 
5.0 

1.2% 

0.5% 

       2015 

33.2% 
5.5 

1.7% 

0.6% 

The value of the restricted shares is based on the fair value of the award at the date of grant.  

PS expense is measured based on the fair value at the date of grant utilizing a Black-Scholes methodology to 
produce a Monte-Carlo simulation model which allows for the incorporation of the performance hurdles that 
must be met before the PS vests. The assumptions used in the fair value determination were risk free interest 
rates of 1.5% and 0.88% dividend yields of 0.6% and 0.6%; volatilities of 32% and 32%; and initial TSR’s 
of 8.2% and -6.6% in each case for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Expense is 
based on the estimated number of shares expected to vest, assuming the requisite service period is rendered 
and the probable outcome of the performance condition is achieved. The estimate is revised if subsequent 
information indicates that the actual number of shares likely to vest differs from previous estimates. Expense 
is ultimately adjusted based on the actual achievement of service and performance targets. The PS will cliff 
vest 100% at the end of the third year following the grant in accordance with the performance metrics set 
forth. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense  for stock options and  stock  awards is  recognized on  a straight-line  basis  over the 
vesting period, generally three years for stock options, four years for employee restricted stock awards, three 
years  for  employee  performance  share  awards,  and  four  years  for  non-employee  director  restricted  stock 
awards.  

A summary of stock option plan activity for 2017, 2016, and 2015 for all plans is as follows: 

2017 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted 
Exercised  
Forfeited 
Cancelled 
Outstanding at end of year 
Exercisable at end of year 

2016 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted 
Exercised  
Forfeited 
Outstanding at end of year 
Exercisable at end of year 

2015 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted 
Exercised  
Forfeited 
Outstanding at end of year 
Exercisable at end of year 

# of 
Shares 
(000s) 
1,066 
   222 
   (268) 
     (52) 
     (22) 
   946 
  493 

# of 
Shares 
(000s) 
1,017 
   341 
   (236) 
     (56) 
1,066 
  604 

# of 
Shares 
(000s) 
1,470 
   209 
   (627) 
     (35) 
1,017 
  667 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 
 $     45.32 
        85.22 
        36.36 
        72.29 
        57.48 
  $    55.44 
  $    41.01 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 
 $     37.29 
        60.92 
        30.44 
        58.23 
  $    45.32 
  $    34.77 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 
 $     27.35 
        58.34 
        20.16 
        52.97 
  $    37.29 
  $    29.19 

The aggregate intrinsic value for outstanding stock options was $24,714, $41,161and $23,927 at December 
31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, with a weighted average remaining contractual term of 6.3 years at 
December 31, 2017. Exercisable stock options at  December  31, 2017  had  an aggregate  intrinsic  value of 
$19,534 with a weighted average remaining contractual term of 4.6 years. 

Other information pertaining to option activity during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
was as follows: 

Years Ended December 31, 

Weighted-average fair value of options granted 
Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised ($000s) 

          2017             2016 
$
$

23.20 $
11,900 $

       2015 
18.48 $ 
18.35 
8,609 $  24,047 

Additional information related to stock options outstanding under all plans at December 31, 2017 is as 
follows: 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
  
 
Range of Exercise 
Prices 
$     13.61    -   $34.81 
   38.10    -     59.95 
    60.01    -     85.40 

Options Outstanding 

Options Exercisable 

Shares 
Outstanding 
(000s) 

  209 
278 
459 
946 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term 

2.6 years 
5.6 years 
8.0 years 
6.3 years 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 
  $  25.79 
    51.34 
71.37 
$  55.44 

Number 
Exercisable 
(000s) 

208 
219 
                    66  
493 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 
      $     25.79 
    49.47 
             60.99 
$    41.01 

Non-vested restricted stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is summarized 
below:  

Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2016 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2017 

Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2015 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2016 

Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2014 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2015 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
54.18 
83.43 
51.39 
55.45 
65.66 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
47.46 
61.22 
40.96 
56.77 
54.18 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
38.13 
55.77 
37.35 
- 
47.46 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Shares (000s) 
102 
  21 
 (53) 
   (4) 
 66 

Shares (000s) 
150 
  19 
 (66) 
   (1) 
102 

Shares (000s) 
134 
  77 
 (61) 
  - 
150 

Non-vested performance share activity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is summarized 
below:  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2016 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2017 

Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2015 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2016 

Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2014 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested balance as of December 31, 2015 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
61.06 
93.85 
- 
69.25 
72.62 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
58.77 
63.15 
- 
60.88 
61.06 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair 
Value 
- 
58.77 
- 
58.77 
58.77 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Shares (000s) 
34 
16 
 - 
(11) 
39 

Shares (000s) 
20 
22 
 - 
  (8) 
34 

Shares (000s) 
- 
 29 
 - 
  (9) 
20 

As  of  December  31,  2017,  2016  and  2015,  there  was  $7,742,  $8,260  and  $7,705,  respectively,  of  total 
unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  non-vested  share-based  compensation  arrangements  granted 
under the plans. As of December 31, 2017, the unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized 
over  a  weighted-average  period  of  approximately  1.6  years.  We  estimate  that  share-based  compensation 
expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 will be approximately $7,300. 

REPURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK 

The  Company  has  an  approved  stock  repurchase  program.  The  total  authorization  under  this  program  is 
3,763,038 shares. Since the inception of the program in June 1999, a total of 2,174,017 shares  have been 
purchased, of which none remained in treasury at December 31, 2017 or 2016. During 2017 and 2016, a total 
of 23,182 and 24,912 shares, respectively, have been purchased at an average cost of $82.19 and $63.76 per 
share, respectively. The Company intends to acquire shares from time to time at prevailing market prices if 
and  to  the  extent  it  deems  it  advisable  to  do  so  based  on  its  assessment  of  corporate  cash  flow,  market 
conditions  and  other  factors.  The  Company  also  repurchases  shares  from  employees  in  connection  with 
settlement of transactions under the Company’s equity incentive plans. 

NOTE 4 - INVENTORIES 

Inventories at December 31, 2017 and 2016 consisted of the following: 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Raw materials 
Work in progress 
Finished goods 
  Total inventories 

2017 
20,520 
    6,308 
33,868 
60,696 

$ 

$ 

2016 
20,751 
    3,225 
33,269 
57,245 

$ 

$ 

On a regular basis, the Company evaluates its inventory balances for excess quantities and obsolescence by 
analyzing  demand,  inventory  on  hand,  sales  levels  and  other  information.  Based  on  these  evaluations, 
inventory balances are reduced, if necessary. The reserve for inventory was $2,315 and $2,546 at December 
31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

NOTE 5 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows: 

Land 
Building 
Equipment 
Construction in progress 

Less: Accumulated depreciation 
   Property, plant and equipment, net 

2017 
7,262 
63,224 
201,341 
13,860 
285,687 
95,894 
189,793 

$ 

2016 
4,208 
45,735 
  177,841 
17,357 
  245,141 
79,387 
$  165,754 

$ 

$ 

Depreciation expense was $17,121, $15,907 and $12,895 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015, respectively. 

NOTE 6 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

The Company had goodwill in the amount of $441,361 and $439,811 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 
subject to the provisions of ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.”   

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had identifiable intangible assets as follows: 

Customer relationships & lists 
Trademarks & trade names 
Developed technology 
Other 

Amortization 
Period  
(In years) 
10 
5-17 
5 
3-18 

2017 
Gross 
Carrying 
Amount 
$  190,061 
40,630 
      13,338 
      13,466 
$   257,495 

2017 
Accumulated 
Amortization 
$  105,573 
    12,895 
5,936 
 5,018 
$   129,422 

2016 
Gross 
Carrying 
Amount 

2016 
Accumulated 
Amortization 

  $  185,885 
39,241 
      12,260 
      12,713 
  $   250,099 

$  86,338 
                 9,260 
3,358 
 3,659 
$   102,615 

Amortization of identifiable intangible assets was $26,784, $29,768 and $26,467 for 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. Assuming no change in the gross carrying value of identifiable intangible assets, the estimated 
amortization expense is approximately $24,593 in 2018, $22,479 in 2019, $20,442 in 2020, $17,234 in 2021, 
and  $15,776  in  2022.  At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  there  were  no  identifiable  intangible  assets  with 
indefinite  useful  lives  as  defined  by  ASC  350,  “Intangibles-Goodwill  and  Other.”  Identifiable  intangible 
assets are reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets under Intangible assets with finite lives, 
net. There were no changes to the useful lives of intangible assets subject to amortization in 2017 and 2016. 

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, (“FIFRA”), a health and safety statute, requires that 
certain  products  within  our  specialty  products  segment  must  be  registered  with  the  U.S.  Environmental 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
Protection Agency (“EPA”) because they are considered pesticides. Costs of such registration are included 
as other in the table above.  

NOTE 7 – EQUITY-METHOD INVESTMENT 

In  2013,  the  Company  and  Eastman  Chemical  Company  (formerly  Taminco  Corporation)  formed  a  joint 
venture (66.66% / 33.34% ownership), St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC, to design, develop, and construct an 
expansion of the Company’s St. Gabriel aqueous choline chloride plant.  The Company contributed the St. 
Gabriel plant, at cost, and expansion will be funded by the owners. The joint venture became operational as 
of July 1, 2016. St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC is a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) because the total equity at 
risk is not sufficient to permit the joint venture to finance its own activities without additional subordinated 
financial support.  Additionally, voting rights (2 votes each) are not proportionate to the owners’ obligation 
to absorb expected losses or receive the expected residual returns of the joint venture. The Company will 
receive  up  to  2/3  of  the  production  offtake  capacity  and  absorbs  operating  expenses  approximately 
proportional to the actual percentage of offtake. The joint venture is accounted for under the equity method 
of accounting since the Company is not the primary beneficiary, because it does not have the power to direct 
the activities of the joint venture that most significantly impact its economic performance.  The Company 
recognized a loss of $546 and $293 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, relating 
to  its  portion  of  the  joint  venture’s  expenses  in  other  expense.  The  carrying  value  of  the  joint  venture  at 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 is $4,804 and $4,553, respectively, and is recorded in other assets.  

NOTE 8 – LONG TERM DEBT 

On May 7, 2014, the Company and a bank syndicate entered into a loan agreement providing for a senior 
secured term loan of $350,000 and revolving loan of $100,000 (collectively referred to as the “loans”). On 
February 1, 2016, $65,000 of the revolving loan was used to fund the Albion International, Inc. acquisition 
(see Note 2). In addition, on June 1, 2017, $20,000 of the revolving loan was used to fund the Innovative 
Food Processors, Inc. acquisition (see Note 2). At December 31, 2017, the Company had a total of $219,500 
of  debt  outstanding.  The  term  loan  is  payable  in  quarterly  installments  of  $8,750  which  commenced  on 
September 30, 2014, with the outstanding principal due on the maturity date. The Company may draw on the 
revolving loan at its discretion. The revolving loan does not have installments and all outstanding amounts 
are due on the maturity date. The loans may be voluntarily prepaid in whole or in part without premium or 
penalty and have a maturity date of May 7, 2019. The loans are subject to an interest rate equal to LIBOR or 
a fluctuating rate as defined by the loan agreement, at the Company’s discretion, plus an applicable rate. The 
applicable rate is based upon the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio, as defined in the loan agreement, 
and the interest rate was 3.07% at December 31, 2017. The Company has $100,000 of undrawn revolving 
loan at December 31, 2017 that is subject to a commitment fee, which is based on the Company’s consolidated 
leverage ratio as defined in the loan agreement. The loan agreement contains quarterly covenants requiring 
the consolidated leverage ratio to be less than a certain maximum ratio and the consolidated fixed charge 
coverage ratio to exceed a certain minimum ratio. At December 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance 
with  these  covenants.    Indebtedness  under  the  Company’s  loan  agreements  are  secured  by  assets  of  the 
company. 

The following table summarizes the future minimum debt payments as of December 31, 2017: 

Year 
2018 
2019 
Future principle payments 
Less unamortized debt financing costs 
Less current portion of long-term debt 
Total long-term debt 

Revolving 
loan 

Term loan 
  $   35,000  $             - 
- 
- 
- 
- 
 $ 183,964   $             - 

  184,500 
219,500 
536 
 35,000 

    Total 
$   35,000 
184,500 
219,500 
536 
35,000 
$ 183,964 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs associated with the issuance of debt instruments are capitalized as debt discount and amortized over 
the terms of the respective financing arrangements using the effective interest method. If debt is retired early, 
the  related  unamortized  costs  are  expensed  in  the  period  the  debt  is  retired.  Capitalized  costs  net  of 
accumulated amortization total $536 at December 31, 2017 and are shown net against outstanding principle  
on the accompanying balance sheet. Amortization expense pertaining to these costs totaled $474 and $526 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and is included in interest expense in the 
accompanying condensed consolidated statements of earnings. 

NOTE 9 - INCOME TAXES 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Reform Act was signed into law by President Trump.  The Tax Reform Act 
significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax regime by lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% 
to  21%  effective  January  1,  2018,  while  also  repealing  the  deduction  for  domestic  production  activities, 
implementing  a  territorial  tax  system  and  imposing  a  repatriation  tax  on  deemed  repatriated  earnings  of 
foreign subsidiaries.  U.S. GAAP requires that the impact of tax legislation be recognized in the period in 
which the law was enacted.   

The FASB Staff also provided additional guidance to address the accounting for the effects of the Tax Reform 
Act provisions related to the taxation of GILTI, noting that companies should make an accounting policy 
election to recognize deferred taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future 
years or to include the tax expense in the year it is incurred. We have not completed our analysis of the effects 
of the  GILTI provisions and  will further  consider  the  accounting  policy election  within  the  measurement 
period as provided for under SAB 118. 

The Tax Reform  Act also changed the  individuals  whose  compensation  is  subject  to a  $1 million  cap on 
deductibility under Section 162(m) and includes performance-based compensation such as stock options and 
stock appreciation rights in the calculation. The provision generally applies to taxable years beginning after 
December 31, 2017 and provides a transition for compensation paid pursuant to a written binding contract 
that  is  in  effect  on  November 2,  2017.  The  Company  will  need  to  carefully  review  the  terms  of  its 
compensation plans and agreements to assess whether such plans and agreements are considered to be written 
binding contracts in effect on November 2, 2017.  Due to the complexity of applying this new provision and 
the  limited  time  to  consider  tax  reform,  the  Company  has  not  yet  completed  its  analysis  of  these  new 
provisions and will finalize its analysis during the measurement period provided under SAB 118. 

 Income tax expense consists of the following: 

Current: 
     Federal 
     Foreign 
     State 
     Deemed Repatriation 
Deferred: 
     Federal 
     Foreign 
     State 
     Federal Rate Change 
Total income tax provision 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$ 

$ 

20,102 
3,015 
2,790 
1,389 

(1,302) 
62 
(384) 
(27,255) 
(1,583) 

$ 

$ 

28,765 
2,670 
2,483 
- 

(7,114) 
52 
106 
- 
26,962 

$ 

$ 

29,638 
3,021 
2,982 
- 

(6,815) 
58 
(1,543) 
- 
27,341 

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the Federal statutory rate of 
35% to earnings before income tax expense due to the following:  

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax at Federal  
     statutory rate 
State income taxes, net of  
     Federal income taxes 
Federal Rate Change 
Stock Options 
Deemed Repatriation 
Domestic production activities deduction 
Other 
Total income tax provision 

2017 

2016 

2015 

$ 

30,971 

$ 

29,027 

30,471 

708 
(27,255) 
(2,927) 
1,389 
(2,382) 
(2,087) 
(1,583) 

$ 

     1,510 
- 
- 
- 
(3,299) 
(276) 
26,962 

     556 
- 
- 
- 
   (2,709) 
      (977) 
27,341 

$ 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and 
deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 
     Inventories 
     Restricted stock and stock options 
     Other 
          Total deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax liabilities: 
     Amortization 
     Depreciation 
     Other 
          Total deferred tax liabilities 
          Net deferred tax liability 

 2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

1,297 
3,248 
1,764 
6,309 

31,311 
22,172 
1,374 
54,857 
48,548 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,378 
5,100 
2,629 
10,107 

56,111 
27,435 
48 
83,594 
73,487 

There is no valuation allowance for deferred  tax assets at  December 31, 2017  and 2016.  In assessing  the 
realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion 
or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent 
upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become 
deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable 
income  and  tax  planning  strategies  in  making  this  assessment.  Based  upon  the  level  of  historical  taxable 
income  and  projections  for  future  taxable  income  over  the  periods  in  which  the  deferred  tax  assets  are 
deductible, management believes it is more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of these 
deductible differences. The amount of deferred tax asset realizable, however, could change if management’s 
estimate of future taxable income should change. 

Provisions of ASC 740-10 clarify whether or not to recognize assets or liabilities for tax positions taken that 
may be challenged by a tax authority. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized 
tax benefits, which is included in other long-term obligations on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, 
is as follows:  

Balance at beginning of period 
Increases for tax positions of prior years 
Decreases for tax positions of prior years 
Increases for tax positions related to current year 
Balance at end of period 

2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

 6,637  $ 
    393 
   (2,711) 
   462 
 4,781  $ 

 6,570  $ 
    332 
   (406) 
   141 
 6,637 

$ 

2015 

 5,205 
 943 
   (120) 
   542 
 6,570 

All of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized in future periods, would impact the Company’s 
effective tax rate in such future periods. 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company recognizes both interest and penalties as part of the income tax provision. During the years 
ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized approximately $94, $94 and $138 in 
interest and penalties, respectively. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, accrued interest and penalties were 
$1,882 and $2,486, respectively. 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. and in various states and foreign countries. In the major 
jurisdictions where the Company operates, it is generally no longer subject to income tax examinations by 
tax  authorities  for  years  before  2013.  The  Company  does  not  anticipate  any  material  change  in  the  total 
amount of unrecognized tax benefits to occur within the next twelve months.  

NOTE 10 - NET EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE 

The following presents a reconciliation of the net earnings and shares used in calculating basic and diluted 
net earnings per common share: 

2017 
Basic  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding 

Earnings 
(Numerator) 

Number of Shares 
(Denominator) 

Per Share 
Amount 

$  90,071 

           31,838,641  

$2.83 

Effect of dilutive securities –  stock options, restricted 
stock, and performance shares 

       391,165 

Diluted  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding and effect of stock options 
and restricted stock 

$  90,071 

32,229,806 

$2.79 

2016 
Basic  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding 

Earnings 
(Numerator) 

Number of Shares 
(Denominator) 

Per Share 
Amount 

$  55,972 

           31,521,667  

$1.78 

Effect of dilutive securities –  stock options, restricted 
stock, and performance shares 

       400,971 

Diluted  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding and effect of stock options 
and restricted stock 

$  55,972 

31,922,638 

$1.75 

2015 
Basic  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding 

Earnings 
(Numerator) 

Number of Shares 
(Denominator) 

Per Share 
Amount 

$  59,722 

           31,158,142  

$1.92 

Effect of dilutive securities –  stock options, restricted 
stock, and performance shares 

       477,496 

Diluted  EPS  –  Net  earnings  and  weighted  average 
common shares outstanding and effect of stock options 
and restricted stock 

$  59,722 

 31,635,638 

$1.89 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company had 199,010, 2,500, and 194,372 stock options outstanding at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015,  respectively  that  could  potentially  dilute  basic  earnings  per  share  in  future  periods  that  were  not 
included in diluted earnings per share because their effect on the period presented was anti-dilutive.  

The Company has some share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable dividend rights. These awards 
are restricted shares and they participate on a one-for-one basis with holders of Common Stock. These awards 
have  an  immaterial  impact  as  participating  securities  with  regard  to  the  calculation  using  the  two-class 
method for determining earnings per share. 

NOTE 11 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS 

During  2017,  the  Company  sponsored  two  401(k)  savings  plans  for  eligible  employees.  The  plans  allow 
participants  to  make  pretax  contributions  and  the  Company  matches  certain  percentages  of  those  pretax 
contributions.  The  plans  have  a  discretionary  profit  sharing  portion  and  one  of  the  plans  matches  401k 
contributions  with  shares  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock.  All  amounts  contributed  to  the  plans  are 
deposited into a trust fund administered by independent trustees. These plans were merged in January 2018. 
The  merged  plan  allows  participants  to  make  pretax  contributions  and  the  Company  matches  certain 
percentages of those contributions which is made with shares of the Company’s stock. Additionally, this plan 
has  a  discretionary  profit  sharing  portion.  The  Company  provided  for  profit  sharing  contributions  and 
matching 401(k) savings plan contributions of $395 and $2,594 in 2017, $712 and $2,248 in 2016, and $738 
and $1,886 in 2015, respectively. 

The Company also provides postretirement benefits in the form of an unfunded retirement medical plan under 
a collective bargaining agreement covering eligible retired employees of the Verona facility. The Company 
uses a December 31 measurement date for its postretirement  medical plan. In accordance  with  ASC 715, 
“Compensation—Retirement  Benefits,”  the  Company  is  required  to  recognize  the  over  funded  or 
underfunded status of a defined benefit post retirement plan (other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or 
liability in its statement of financial position, and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in 
which the changes occur through comprehensive income. In addition, during 2016 the Company adopted an 
unfunded postretirement medical plan for Named Executive Officers. 

The actuarial recorded liabilities for such unfunded postretirement benefits are as follows: 

Change in benefit obligation: 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year 

Initial adoption of new plan 
Service cost with interest to end of year 
Interest cost 
Participant contributions 
Benefits paid 
Actuarial (gain)/loss 

Benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets: 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 

Employer (reimbursement)/contributions 
Participant contributions 
Benefits paid 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 

Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet: 

2017 
 1,411  $ 
- 
      67 
46 
        28 
        (58) 
    78 
    1,573  $ 

2016 

 958 
444 
      66 
48 
        5 
        (9) 
    (101) 
    1,411 

$ 

$ 

2017 
- 
  30  
  28 
 (58) 
- 

2016 
- 
  4  
  5 
 (9) 
- 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 
Fair value of plan assets 
Funded status 
Unrecognized prior service cost 
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss 
Net  amount  recognized  in  consolidated  balance 
sheet (after ASC 715) 
(included in other long-term obligations) 
Accrued postretirement benefit cost  
(included in other long-term obligations) 

Components of net periodic benefit cost: 

$ 

2017 
    (1,573) 
- 
    (1,573) 
N/A 
N/A 

$ 

2016 
    (1,411) 
- 
    (1,411) 
N/A 
N/A 

$ 

      1,573 

$ 

      1,411 

$ 

 N/A 

$ 

 N/A 

Service cost with interest to end of year 
Interest cost 
Amortization of prior service credit/(cost) 
Amortization of (gain)/loss 
Total net periodic benefit cost 

2017 
67 
46 
74 
      (15) 
      172 

$ 

$ 

2016 
66 
48 
57 
       (10) 
      161 

$ 

$ 

2015 
 54 
 36 
 (18) 
  - 
  72 

$ 

$ 

Estimated future employer contributions and benefit payments are as follows: 

Year 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
Years 2023-2027 

$  132 
  139 
93 
91 
  109 
  559 

Assumed  health  care  cost  trend  rates  have  been  used  in  the  valuation  of  postretirement  health  insurance 
benefits. The trend rate is 6.53% in 2018 declining to 4.50% in 2038 and thereafter. A one percentage point 
increase in health care cost trend rates in each year would increase the accumulated postretirement benefit 
obligation as of December 31, 2017 by $143 and the net periodic postretirement benefit cost for 2017 by $16. 
A one percentage point decrease in health care cost trend rates in each year would decrease the accumulated 
postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31, 2017 by $125 and the net periodic postretirement benefit 
cost for 2017 by $13. The weighted average discount rate used in determining the accumulated postretirement 
benefit obligation was 2.90% in 2017 and 3.40% in 2016. 

The  Company  contributes  to  one  multiemployer  defined  benefit  plan  under  the  terms  of  a  collective-
bargaining  agreement  covering  its  union-represented  employees  of  the  Verona  facility.  The  risks  of 
participation in this multiemployer plan are different from single-employer plans in the following aspects: 
(a)  assets  contributed  to  the  multiemployer  plan  by  one  employer  may  be  used  to  provide  benefits  to 
employees of other participating employers, (b) if a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the 
unfunded  obligations  of  the  plan  may  be  borne  by  the  remaining  participating  employers,  and  (c)  if  the 
Company chooses to stop participating in its multiemployer plan, the Company will be required to pay that 
plan an amount based on the underfunded status of the plan, referred to as the withdrawal liability.  

The Company’s participation in this plan for the annual period ended December 31, 2017 is outlined in the 
table below. The “EIN/Pension Plan Number” column provides the Employee Identification Number (EIN). 
The zone status is based on information that the Company received from the plan and is certified by the plan’s 
actuary. Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than 65 percent funded, plans in the 
yellow zone are less than 80 percent funded, and plans in the green zone are at least 80 percent funded. The 
“FIP/RP Status Pending/Implemented” column indicates plans for which a financial improvement plan (FIP) 
or a rehabilitation plan (RP) is either pending or has been implemented. The last column lists the expiration 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
date  of  the  collective-bargaining  agreement  to  which  the  plan  is  subject.  Finally,  the  period-to-period 
comparability of the contributions for 2017 and 2016 was affected by a 4.0% increase in the 2017 contribution 
rate.  There  have  been  no  other  significant  changes  that  affect  the  comparability  of  2017  and  2016 
contributions. The Company does not represent more than 5% of the contributions to this pension fund.  

Pension 
Fund
Cent ral St at es, 
Sout heast  and 
Sout hwest  Areas 
Pension Fund

EIN/P ension 
Plan 
Number

Pension Plan Prot ection Act  Zone Status

2017

2016

FIP/RP Status 
Pending/
Implement ed

Cont ribut ions of Balchem Corporation

2017

2016

2015

Expirat ion Dat e
of Collective-
Bargaining 
Agreement

Surcharge  
Imposed

36-6044243

Red as of 1/1/2017

Red as of 1/1/2016

Implement ed

$594

$576

$515

No

7/11/2020

NOTE 12 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

In 2012, the Company entered into a six (6) year lease extension for approximately 20,000 square feet of 
office  space.  The  office  space  serves  as  the  Company’s  general  offices  and  as  a  laboratory  facility.  The 
Company  leases  most  of  its  vehicles  and  office  equipment  under  non-cancelable  operating  leases,  which 
expire at various times through 2029. Rent expense charged to operations under such lease agreements for 
2017, 2016 and 2015 aggregated approximately $3,417, $3,134 and $2,414, respectively. Aggregate future 
minimum  rental  payments  required  under  non-cancelable  operating  leases  at  December  31,  2017  are  as 
follows: 

Year 

2018                                                        $   3,277   
     2,193 
2019 
     1,842 
2020 
     1,257 
2021 
     1,350 
2022 
     8,358 
Thereafter 
$  18,277 
Total minimum lease payments 

In 1982, the Company discovered and thereafter removed a number of buried drums containing unidentified 
waste  material  from the  Company’s site  in  Slate Hill,  New York. The Company thereafter  entered into  a 
Consent Decree to evaluate the drum site with the New York Department of Environmental Conservation 
(“NYDEC”).  Based  on  NYDEC  requirements,  the  Company  cleaned  the  area  and  removed  soil  from  the 
drum burial site. The Company continues to be involved in discussions with NYDEC to evaluate test results 
and determine what, if any, additional actions will be required on the part of the Company to close out the 
remediation of this site. Additional actions, if any, would likely require the Company to continue monitoring 
the site. The cost of such monitoring has been less than $5 per year for the period 2004 to date.  

The Company’s Verona, Missouri facility,  while held by a prior owner,  was  designated  by the  EPA  as a 
Superfund site and placed on the National Priorities List in 1983, because of dioxin contamination on portions 
of the site. Remediation was conducted by the prior owner under the oversight of the EPA and the Missouri 
Department of Natural Resources (“MDNR”).  

While the Company must maintain the integrity of the capped areas in the remediation areas on the site, the 
prior owner is responsible for completion of any further Superfund remedy. The Company is indemnified by 
the sellers under its May 2001 asset purchase agreement covering its acquisition of the Verona, Missouri 
facility for potential liabilities associated with the Superfund site and one of the sellers, in turn, has the benefit 
of certain contractual indemnification by the prior owner that is implementing the above-described Superfund 
remedy. 

From  time  to  time,  the  Company  is  a  party  to  various  litigation,  claims  and  assessments.    Management 
believes  that  the  ultimate  outcome  of  such  matters  will  not  have  a  material  effect  on  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.   

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 13 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The  Company  has  a  number  of  financial  instruments,  none  of  which  are  held  for  trading  purposes.  The 
Company estimates that the fair value of all financial instruments at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 
2016 does not differ materially from the aggregate carrying values of its financial instruments recorded in 
the  accompanying  condensed  consolidated  balance  sheets.  The  estimated  fair  value  amounts  have  been 
determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. 
Considerable judgment is necessarily required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair 
value, and, accordingly, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could 
realize in a current market exchange. The carrying value of debt approximates fair value as the interest rate 
is based on market and the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.  The Company’s financial instruments 
also  include  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable,  and  accrued  liabilities,  which  are 
carried at cost and approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Cash and cash 
equivalents at December 31, 2017 and 2016 includes $782 and $776 in money market funds. The money 
market funds are valued using level one inputs, as defined by ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement.”  

NOTE 14 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows: 

                                                                                                         Years Ended  
                                                                                                                       December 31, 

      2017 

            2016 

Net foreign currency translation adjustment 

               $      5,404 

    $  (1,390) 

             2015 
    $   (2,615) 

Net change in postretirement benefit plan 
(see Note 10 for further information) 

Initial adoption of new plan 
Net gain/(loss) arising during the period 
Amortization of prior service credit/(cost) 

    Amortization of (gain)/loss 

Total before tax 
Tax 
Net of tax 

Total other comprehensive income (loss)  

- 
(49)   
   74 
(15)  
   10 
  (207)  
         (197)  
              $     5,207 

(444) 
                        - 
    101                       242   

   57 
(10)  
           (296) 
            (49) 
(345)  
    $  (1,735) 

                  (18) 
 -  

                  224 
                  (72)  
152 
     $   (2,463)  

Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) at December 31, 2017 consisted of the following: 

Balance December 31, 2016 
Other comprehensive (loss)/gain 
Balance December 31, 2017 

Foreign currency 
translation 
adjustment 
        $    (6,707) 
      5,404  
        $    (1,303) 

Postretirement 
benefit plan 
$   (142) 
     (197) 
$   (339) 

Total 
$    (6,849) 
      5,207 
$    (1,642) 

NOTE 15 - SEGMENT INFORMATION 

Human Nutrition & Health  

Our Human Nutrition & Health segment supplies ingredients in the food and beverage industry, providing 
customized  solutions  in  powder,  solid  and  liquid  flavor  delivery  systems,  spray  dried  emulsified  powder 
systems,  and  cereal  systems.    Our  products  include  creamer  systems,  dairy  replacers,  powdered  fats, 
nutritional beverage bases, beverages, juice & dairy bases, chocolate systems, ice cream bases & variegates, 
ready-to-eat  cereals,  grain  based  snacks,  and  cereal  based  ingredients.  Additionally,  we  provide 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
microencapsulation solutions to a variety of applications in food, pharmaceutical and nutritional ingredients 
to enhance performance of nutritional fortification, processing, mixing, and packaging applications and shelf-
life. Major product applications are baked goods, refrigerated and frozen dough systems, processed meats, 
seasoning  blends,  confections,  and  nutritional  supplements.  We  also  produce  and  market  human  grade 
choline nutrients and mineral amino acid chelated products through this segment for wellness applications. 
Choline is recognized to play a key role in the development and structural integrity of brain cell membranes 
in infants, processing dietary fat, reproductive development and neural functions, such as memory and muscle 
function. Our mineral amino acid chelates, specialized mineral salts, and mineral complexes are used as raw 
materials  for  inclusion  in  premier  human  nutrition  products.  Science  and  patented  technology  have  been 
combined to create an organic molecule in a form the body can readily assimilate.   

Animal Nutrition & Health 

Our  Animal  Nutrition  &  Health  (“ANH”)  segment  provides  nutritional  products  derived  from  our 
microencapsulation and chelation technologies in addition to basic choline chloride. For ruminant animals, 
our microencapsulated products boost health and milk production, delivering nutrient supplements that are 
biologically available, providing required nutritional levels. Our proprietary chelation technology provides 
enhanced nutrient absorption for various species of production and companion animals and is marketed for 
use in animal feed throughout the world. ANH also manufactures and supplies choline chloride, an essential 
nutrient  for  monogastric  animal  health,  predominantly  to  the  poultry,  pet  and  swine  industries.  Choline, 
which is manufactured and sold in both dry and aqueous forms, plays a vital role in the metabolism of fat. 
Choline deficiency can result in reduced growth and perosis in poultry, and fatty liver, kidney necrosis and 
general poor health condition in swine.  

Sales of specialty products for the animal nutrition and health industry are highly dependent on dairy industry 
economics as well as the ability of the Company to leverage the results of university and field research on 
the animal health benefits of the Company’s products. Management believes that success in the commodity-
oriented basic choline chloride  marketplace is  highly dependent  on the Company’s  ability to  maintain its 
strong reputation  for excellent product quality  and  customer service. The  Company  continues  to increase 
production  efficiencies  in  order  to  maintain  its  competitive-cost  position  to  effectively  compete  in  a 
competitive global marketplace. 

Specialty Products 

Ethylene oxide, at the 100% level, is sold as a sterilant gas, primarily for use in the health care industry. It is 
used to sterilize a wide range of medical devices because of its versatility and effectiveness in treating hard 
or soft surfaces, composites, metals, tubing and different types of plastics without negatively impacting the 
performance  of  the  device  being  sterilized.  Our  100%  ethylene  oxide  product  is  distributed  in  uniquely 
designed,  recyclable,  double-walled,  stainless  steel  drums  to  assure  compliance  with  safety,  quality  and 
environmental standards as outlined by the EPA and the DOT. Our inventory of these specially built drums, 
along  with  our  two  filling  facilities,  represents  a  significant  capital  investment.  Contract  sterilizers  and 
medical device manufacturers are principal customers for this product. We also sell single use canisters with 
100%  ethylene  oxide  for  use  in  sterilizing  re-usable  devices  typically  processed  in  autoclave  units  in 
hospitals. As a fumigant, ethylene oxide blends are highly effective in killing bacteria, fungi, and insects in 
spices and other seasoning materials.  

Propylene  oxide  is  marketed  and  sold  as  a  fumigant  to  aid  in  the  control  of  insects  and  microbiological 
spoilage; and to reduce bacterial and mold contamination in certain shell and processed nut meats, processed 
spices,  cacao  beans,  cocoa  powder,  raisins,  figs  and  prunes.  We  distribute  our  propylene  oxide  product 
primarily in recyclable, single-walled, carbon steel cylinders according to standards outlined by the EPA and 
the DOT. Our inventory of these cylinders also represents a significant capital investment. Propylene oxide 
is also sold to customers seeking smaller (as opposed to bulk) quantities and  whose requirements include 
utilization in various chemical synthesis applications, such as increasing paint durability and manufacturing 
specialty starches and textile coatings. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our micronutrient agricultural nutrition business sells chelated minerals primarily into high value crops.  We 
have a unique and patented two-step approach to  solving  mineral  deficiency in plants  to optimize  health, 
yield  and  shelf-life.   First,  we  determine  optimal  mineral  balance  for  plant  health.  We  then  have  a  foliar 
applied Metalosate product range, utilizing patented amino acid chelate technology. Our products quickly 
and efficiently deliver mineral nutrients. As a result, the farmer/grower gets  healthier crops that are more 
resistant to disease and pests, larger yields and healthier food for the consumer with extended shelf life for 
produce being shipped long distances. 

Industrial Products 

Certain derivatives of choline chloride are manufactured and sold into industrial applications predominately 
as a component for hydraulic fracturing of shale natural gas wells. Our products offer an attractive, effective 
and  more  environmentally  responsible  alternative  than  other  clay  stabilizers.  Industrial  grade  choline 
bicarbonate is completely chloride free and our choline chloride reduces the amount of chlorides released 
into the environment up to 75% when compared to potassium chloride. The Industrial Products segment also 
includes  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  methylamines.  Methylamines  are  a  primary  building  block  for  the 
manufacture  of  choline  products  and  are  produced  at  our  Italian  operation  and  sold  for  a  wide  range  of 
industrial applications in Europe. 

Business Segment Net Sales: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

Business Segment Earnings Before Income Taxes: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Unallocated equity compensation 
Transaction  costs,  integration  costs  and  legal 
settlement  
Interest and other income, net 
Total 

        2017 
    315,796 
    157,688 
      73,355 
    47,951 
594,790  

        2016 
    297,134 
    161,119 
      70,126 
      24,825 
    553,204  

$ 

$ 

     2015 
$  278,288 
  165,763 
  54,236 
  54,205 
$  552,492  

2017 
44,010 
22,292 
 24,949 
6,413 
- 

(409) 
(8,767) 
88,488 

  $ 

  $ 

2016 

  2015 

38,156  $ 
28,686 
 22,862 
1,949 
- 

(815) 
(7,904) 
82,934  $ 

38,302 
27,851 
 23,995 
5,594 
(1,462) 

(324) 
(6,893) 
87,063 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Unallocated  equity  compensation  expense  was  related  to  the  accelerated  vesting  of  previously-granted 
unvested options to purchase Company common stock, and removal of the restrictions on previously-granted 
Restricted Stock. 

Transaction and integration costs were primarily related to the aforementioned definitive agreements (see 
Note 2). 

Depreciation/Amortization: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

          2017 
          33,384 
            5,618 
            4,097 
               806 
          43,905 

$ 

$ 

          2016 
         33,796 
           7,243 
           3,787 
              850 
         45,676 

$ 

$ 

  2015 
     30,537 
       6,573 
       1,225 
       1,027 
      39,362 

$ 

$ 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business Segment Assets: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Other Unallocated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

             2017 

          719,010 
          118,418 
           63,141 
           18,471 
           44,596 

$          

             2016 
          709,337 
          121,860 
           64,030 
           10,477 
           42,922 

          2015 

$                 642,929 
          107,459 
        24,769 
        16,191 
         88,338 
       879,686 

963,636  $      

948,626  $      

Other  unallocated  assets  consist  of  certain  cash,  receivables,  prepaid  expenses,  equipment  and  leasehold 
improvements, net of accumulated depreciation, and deferred income taxes, which the Company does not 
allocate to its individual business segments. 

Capital Expenditures: 

Human Nutrition & Health 
Animal Nutrition & Health 
Specialty Products 
Industrial Products 
Total 

Geographic Revenue Information: 

United States 
Foreign Countries 
Total 

2017 
  20,580  $ 

$ 

  4,424 
   1,306 
      1,216 

$ 

  27,526  $ 

2016 
  14,470  $ 

  6,577 
   1,286 
      701 
  23,034  $ 

2015 
  21,361 
  17,854 
       940 
      1,145 
  41,300 

  2017 
      460,599 
      134,191 
      594,790 

$ 

$ 

  2016 
      420,821 
    132,383 
         553,204 

$ 

$ 

2015 
      441,664 
        110,828 
        552,492 

$ 

$ 

Geographic Area Data – Long-Lived Assets (excluding intangible assets): 
2016 
     154,007 
       11,747 
     165,754 

2017 
     175,027 
14,766 
     189,793 

North America 
Europe 
Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2015 

     148,209 
      10,306 
     158,515 

$ 

$ 

NOTE 16 - SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

Cash paid during the year for: 

Income taxes 
Interest 

Non-cash financing activities: 

Dividends payable 

2017 
 25,845 
   7,021 

$ 
$ 

2016 
 30,741  $ 
6,669  $ 

2015 
 19,551 
      5,987 

$ 
$ 

2017 
$    13,484 

2016 
$  12,088 

2015 
$  10,727 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 17 - QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

2017 

2016 

Net sales 
Gross profit 
Earnings before  
     income taxes 
Net earnings 
Basic net earnings 
     per common share 
Diluted net earnings 
     per common share 

Second 
Quarter 

Fourth 
First 
Quarter 
Quarter 
$137,728  $147,082   $150,716  $159,264    $135,141  $138,794   $138,509  $140,760 
46,932 

Third 
Quarter 

First 
Quarter 

Second 
Quarter 

Fourth 
Quarter 

Third 
Quarter 

   46,449  

   46,761  

51,638   

44,429 

44,656 

46,181 

42,824 

20,710 
15,518 

22,560 
16,536 

20,697 
16,043 

24,522 
41,975   

17,981 
11,886 

21,383 
14,150 

20,771 
14,012 

22,799 
15,924 

$    .49 

$    .52 

$    .50 

$    1.31 

$    .38 

$    .45 

$    .44 

$    .51 

$    .48 

$    .51 

$    .50 

$    1.30 

$    .37 

$    .44 

$    .44 

$    .50 

NOTE 18 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

The Company provides services on a contractual agreement to St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC. These services 
include accounting, information technology, quality control, and purchasing services, as well as operation of 
the St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC plant. The Company also sold raw materials to St. Gabriel CC Company, 
LLC. In return, St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC provides choline chloride finished goods. The services the 
Company provided amounted to $3,445 and $1,837, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2017 
and  2016.  The  raw  materials  sold  amounted  to  $23,459  and  $7,480,  respectively,  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2017 and 2016. These services and raw materials are primarily recorded, net of the finished 
goods received from St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC of $20,827 and $8,619, respectively for the years ended 
December 31, 2017 and 2016, in cost of goods sold. At December 31, 2017, the Company had a receivable 
of $6,190, recorded in accounts receivable from St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC for services rendered and 
raw  materials  sold  and  a  payable  of  $4,112  for  finished  goods  received.  In  addition,  the  Company  had  a 
payable in the amount of $363 related to non-contractual monies owed to St. Gabriel CC Company, LLC, 
recorded in accrued expenses.

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALCHEM CORPORATION

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(In thousands)

 Description 

Year ended December 31, 2017

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory reserve

Year ended December 31, 2016

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory reserve

Year ended December 31, 2015

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory reserve

(a)  represents write-offs.

 Balance at 
Beginning of 
Year 

 Additions 
Charged 
(Credited) to Costs 
and Expenses 

 Deductions 

 Balance at 
End of Year 

$               

489
2,546

$                    

126
538

$             

(184)
(769)

$               

235
1,823

$                    

417
905

$             

(163)
(182)

$               

288
1,682

$                       

(1)
369

$               

(52)
(228)

(a)
(a)

(a)
(a)

(a)
(a)

$              

431
2,315

$              

489
2,546

$              

235
1,823

64

              
                      
               
             
              
                      
               
             
              
                      
               
             
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

None. 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information 
required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, 
summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information 
is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and 
evaluating  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  management  recognized  that  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance 
that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure 
controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the 
cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls 
and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there 
can  be  no  assurance  that  any  design  will  succeed  in  achieving  its  stated  goals  under  all  potential  future 
conditions.  

Our  management,  with  the  participation  of  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  has 
evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  design  and  operation  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of 
December 31, 2017. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have 
concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.  

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over 
financial reporting. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the 
supervision  of  the  Company's  principal  executive  and  principal  financial  officers  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  the  Company's  financial 
statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance 
of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  transactions  and  dispositions  of  assets; 
provide reasonable assurances that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the directors of the 
Company;  and  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized 
acquisition,  use  or  disposition  of  the  Company's  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  our  financial 
statements. 

A  control  system,  no  matter  how  well  designed  and  operated,  can  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute, 
assurance  that  the  objectives  of  the  control  system  are  met.  Further,  the  design  of  a  control  system  must 
reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to 
their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, no evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will 
not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our Company have been detected. 
Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect 
to  financial  statement  preparation  and  presentation.  Management  does  not  expect  that  the  Company’s 
disclosure controls and procedures or its internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all 
errors and all fraud. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
These  inherent  limitations  include  the  realities  that  judgments  in  decision-making  can  be  faulty  and  that 
breakdowns  can  occur  because  of  simple  error  or  mistake.  Controls  can  also  be  circumvented  by  the 
individual  acts  of  some  persons,  by  collusion  of  two  or  more  people,  or  by  management  override  of  the 
controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of 
future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under 
all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are 
subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration 
in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. 

As  of  December  31,  2017,  management  used  the  criteria  set  forth  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework 
(New  Framework)  to  conduct  an  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company's  internal  control  over 
financial  reporting.  Based  on  this  assessment,  management  has  determined  that  the  Company's  internal 
control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017. 

Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The independent registered public accounting firm of RSM US LLP has issued an attestation report on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  

During the most recent fiscal quarter, there has been no significant change in the Company’s internal control 
over  financial  reporting  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Item 9B. Other Information 

Pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, companies are 
required, among other things, to disclose certain activities, transactions or dealings with the Government of 
Iran or entities controlled directly or indirectly by the Government of Iran. Disclosure is generally required 
even where such activities, transactions or dealings are de minimis. During the year ending December 31, 
2017,  we  sold,  in  a  single  sales  transaction,  765  twenty-five  kilogram  bags  of  ReaShure®  encapsulated 
choline, at a sales price of $82,238 to Imex Gulf, Inc., a privately held US corporation headquartered in Plano, 
Texas. Imex Gulf, Inc. exported this product to Pishgaman Taghzieh DTI Co.in Tehran, Iran, for subsequent 
sale and distribution in Iran. We conducted this product sale in compliance with applicable laws. The sale of 
ReaShure®, an animal feed ingredient, is permissible pursuant to certain statutory and regulatory exemptions 
from U.S. sanctions applicable to food products. 

PART III 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers of the Registrant, and Corporate Governance. 

(a) 

Directors of the Company. 

The required information is to be set forth in the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders  (the  “2018  Proxy  Statement”)  under  the  caption  “Directors  and  Executive  Officers,”  which 
information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

(b) 

Executive Officers of the Company. 

The required information is to be set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption “Directors and 
Executive Officers,” which information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c) 

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance. 

The required information  is to be set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption  “Section 16(a) 
Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” which information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

(d) 

Code of Ethics. 

The required information is to be set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption “Code of Business 
Conduct and Ethics,” which information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. The Company’s Code 
of  Ethics  for  Senior  Financial  Officers  is  available  on  the  Corporate  Governance  page  in  the  Investor 
Relations section of the Company’s website, www.balchem.com. 

(e) 

Corporate Governance. 

The required information is to be set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption “Nomination of 
Directors,” and “Committees of the Board of Directors,” which information is hereby incorporated herein by 
reference. 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation. 

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  to  be  set  forth  in  the  2018  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption 
“Executive Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Report,” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks 
and Insider Participation,” which information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters. 

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  to  be  set  forth  in  the  2018  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption 
“Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  of  Management”  and  the  caption  “Equity 
Compensation Plan Information,” all of which information is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence. 

The information required by this Item is set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption “Related 
Party  Transactions,”  and  “Director  Independence,”  which  information  is  hereby  incorporated  herein  by 
reference. 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 

The information required by this Item is set forth in the 2018 Proxy Statement under the caption “Proposal 
No. 2 – Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm,” which information 
is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. 

The following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K: 

1.  Financial Statements 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the  
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

67 

Form 10-K 
Page Number 

30 

32 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity  
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   

          2. Financial Statement Schedules 

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying 
Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

          3. Exhibits 

34 

35 

36 

37 

64 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

Composite Articles of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.1 to the Company’s  Annual  Report on  Form  10-K  dated March  16, 2006  for the year 
ended December 31, 2005). 

Balchem Corporation Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to 
the Company’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on 
April 25, 2008). 

Balchem Corporation Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to 
the Company’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on 
April 28, 2011). 

By-laws of the Company, as amended and restated as of February 21, 2017 (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 
22,  2017),  as  amended  by  the  amendment  thereto  effective  December  13,  2017 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated December 19, 2017).  

Incentive Stock Option Plan of the Company, as amended, (incorporated by reference to 
the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-35910, dated October 
25, 1996, and to Proxy Statement, dated April 22, 1998, for the Company's 1998 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders (the “1998 Proxy Statement”)).* 

Stock Option Plan for Directors of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference 
to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-35912, dated October 
25, 1996, and to the 1998 Proxy Statement). 

Balchem Corporation Second Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Plan, (incorporated by 
reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. No. 333-155655, 
dated November 25, 2008, and to Proxy Statement, dated April 25, 2008, for the Company's 
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders).* 

Balchem Corporation 401(k)/Profit Sharing Plan, dated January 1, 1998 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-
118291, dated August 17, 2004).*   

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.5 

10.6    

10.7 

10.8 

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 22, 2016, between the Company and Theodore 
L. Harris (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2016).*   

Form of Restricted Stock Grant Agreement and Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 2012 (the “2011 10-K”)).  

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2016, among Albion International, Inc., 
a Nevada Corporation, and certain equity owners thereof, (incorporated by reference to the 
Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  dated  February  4,  2016).  (Pursuant  to  Item 
601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, the schedules to the Stock Purchase Agreement have been 
omitted and the Company agrees to  furnish supplementally  a  copy  of  any such omitted 
schedule to the SEC upon request). 

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2014, among Performance Chemicals & 
Ingredients  Company  (d/b/a  SensoryEffects),  a  Delaware  corporation,  certain  equity 
owners  thereof,  the  Company  and,  solely  for  the  limited  purposes  described  therein, 
Highlander Partners, L.P. (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form  8-K  dated  April  1,  2014).  (Pursuant  to  Item  601(b)(2)  of  Regulation  S-K,  the 
schedules to the Stock Purchase Agreement have been omitted and the Company agrees to 
furnish supplementally a copy of any such omitted schedule to the SEC upon request). 

10.9     

Credit Agreement dated May 7, 2014 among the Company, certain guarantors, lenders and 
Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2014). 

10.10    

Security and Pledge Agreement dated May 7, 2014 among the Company, certain guarantors 
and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2014). 

10.11 

10.12 

2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan of the Company (incorporated by reference to Appendix A 
to the Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed April 27, 2017). 

Offer Letter, dated as of October 3, 2017, between the Company and Mary Theresa Coelho 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated October 12, 2017). 

21. 

Subsidiaries of Registrant. 

23.1 

Consent of RSM US LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

31.1 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).  

31.2 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).  

32.1 

32.2 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of 
Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of 
Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  

101.INS  XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

101.LAB  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

* 
arrangement. 

Each  of  the  Exhibits  noted  by  an  asterisk  is  a  management  compensatory  plan  or 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange  Act of 1934, the 

registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

Date: March 1, 2018 

BALCHEM CORPORATION 
By:/s/ Theodore L. Harris   
Theodore L. Harris, President and 
Chief Executive Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by 

the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

SIGNATURES 

/s/ Theodore L. Harris 
Theodore L. Harris, President and 
Chief Executive Officer (Chairman) 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Mary Theresa Coelho 
Mary Theresa Coelho, Chief Financial Officer  
and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ William A. Backus 
William A. Backus, Chief Accounting Officer 
(Principal Accounting Officer) 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Paul D. Coombs 
Paul D. Coombs, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ David B. Fischer 
David B. Fischer, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Edward L. McMillan 
Edward L. McMillan, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Perry W. Premdas 
Perry W. Premdas, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Dr. John Televantos 
Dr. John Televantos, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Matthew Wineinger 
Matthew Wineinger, Director 
Date: March 1, 2018 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number     Description 

EXHIBIT INDEX 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.6    

10.7 

Composite Articles of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.1 to the Company’s  Annual  Report on  Form  10-K  dated March  16, 2006  for the year 
ended December 31, 2005). 

Balchem Corporation Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to 
the Company’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on 
April 25, 2008). 

Balchem Corporation Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to 
the Company’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on 
April 28, 2011). 

By-laws of the Company, as amended and restated as of February 21, 2017 (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 
22,  2017),  as  amended  by  the  amendment  thereto  effective  December  13,  2017 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated December 19, 2017).  

Incentive Stock Option Plan of the Company, as amended, (incorporated by reference to 
the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-35910, dated October 
25, 1996, and to Proxy Statement, dated April 22, 1998, for the Company's 1998 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders (the “1998 Proxy Statement”)).* 

Stock Option Plan for Directors of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference 
to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-35912, dated October 
25, 1996, and to the 1998 Proxy Statement). 

Balchem Corporation Second Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Plan, (incorporated by 
reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. No. 333-155655, 
dated November 25, 2008, and to Proxy Statement, dated April 25, 2008, for the Company's 
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders).* 

Balchem Corporation 401(k)/Profit Sharing Plan, dated January 1, 1998 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-
118291, dated August 17, 2004).*   

Employment Agreement, dated as of April 22, 2016, between the Company and Theodore 
L. Harris (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2016)).*   

Form of Restricted Stock Grant Agreement and Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 2012 (the “2011 10-K”)).  

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2016, among Albion International, Inc., 
a Nevada Corporation, and certain equity owners thereof, (incorporated by reference to the 
Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  dated  February  4,  2016).  (Pursuant  to  Item 
601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, the schedules to the Stock Purchase Agreement have been 
omitted and the Company agrees to  furnish supplementally  a  copy  of  any such omitted 
schedule to the SEC upon request). 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.8 

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2014, among Performance Chemicals & 
Ingredients  Company  (d/b/a  SensoryEffects),  a  Delaware  corporation,  certain  equity 
owners  thereof,  the  Company  and,  solely  for  the  limited  purposes  described  therein, 
Highlander Partners, L.P. (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form  8-K  dated  April  1,  2014).  (Pursuant  to  Item  601(b)(2)  of  Regulation  S-K,  the 
schedules to the Stock Purchase Agreement have been omitted and the Company agrees to 
furnish supplementally a copy of any such omitted schedule to the SEC upon request). 

10.9     

Credit Agreement dated May 7, 2014 among the Company, certain guarantors, lenders and 
Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2014). 

10.10    

Security and Pledge Agreement dated May 7, 2014 among the Company, certain guarantors 
and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2014). 

10.11 

10.12 

2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan of the Company (incorporated by reference to Appendix A 
to the Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed April 27, 2017). 

Offer Letter, dated as of October 3, 2017, between the Company and Mary Theresa Coelho 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated October 12, 2017). 

21. 

Subsidiaries of Registrant. 

23.1 

Consent of RSM US LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

31.1 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).  

31.2 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).  

32.1 

32.2 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of 
Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of 
Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  

101.INS  XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

101.CAL  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

101.LAB  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

* 

Each of the Exhibits noted by an asterisk is a management compensatory plan or arrangement. 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES 

            Exhibit 21 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant                

Jurisdiction of Organization 

BCP Ingredients, Inc.                        

Delaware 

Balchem BV 

Balchem Italia Srl 

Balchem Ltd. 

Aberco, Inc. 

SensoryEffects, Inc. 

SensoryEffects Cereal Systems, Inc. 

Albion Laboratories, Inc.   

Innovative Food Processors, Inc. 

Netherlands 

Italy 

Canada 

Maryland 

Delaware 

Delaware 

Nevada 

Delaware 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Exhibit 23.1 

We  consent  to  the  incorporation  by  reference  in  Registration  Statements  (Nos.  333-219722,  333-155655, 
333-118292,  333-118291,  333-78355,  333-44489,  333-5912  and  333-5910)  on  Form  S-8  of  Balchem 
Corporation  and  Subsidiaries  of  our  report  dated  March  1,  2018,  relating  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements, the financial statement schedule and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting 
of  Balchem  Corporation  and  Subsidiaries,  appearing  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of  Balchem 
Corporation and Subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

/s/ RSM US LLP 

New York, New York 
March 1, 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I, Theodore L. Harris, certify that: 

CERTIFICATIONS 

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Balchem Corporation; 

Exhibit 31.1 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state 
a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and 
have: 

(a)  Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the 
registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those 
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over 
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes 
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;   

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in 
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that 
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in 
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of 
internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s 
board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control 
over financial reporting  which are reasonably likely to  adversely affect the  registrant’s ability to 
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 

(b)  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Theodore L. Harris    
Theodore L. Harris, President and 
Chief Executive Officer  
(Principal Executive Officer) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I, Mary Theresa Coelho, certify that: 

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Balchem Corporation; 

CERTIFICATIONS 

                        Exhibit 31.2 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state 
a  material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and 
have: 

(a)  Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the 
registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those 
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over 
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes 
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;   

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in 
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that 
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in 
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of 
internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s 
board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control 
over financial reporting  which are reasonably likely to  adversely affect the  registrant’s ability to 
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 

(b)  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Date: March 1, 2018 

/s/ Mary Theresa Coelho    
Mary Theresa Coelho,  
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 
(Principal Financial Officer) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32.1 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

In connection with the Annual Report of Balchem Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period 
ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the 
“Report”), I, Theodore L. Harris, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant 
to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my 
knowledge:  

(1)  The  Report  fully  complies  with  the  requirements  of  section  13(a)  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities 

Exchange Act of 1934; and  

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all  material respects, the financial 

condition and result of operations of the Company.  

/s/ Theodore L. Harris  
Theodore L. Harris 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer  
(Principal Executive Officer) 
March 1, 2018 

This  certification  accompanies  the  above-described  Report  on  Form  10-K  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by such Act, be deemed filed by the 
Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         Exhibit 32.2 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

In connection with the Annual Report of Balchem Corporation (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period 
ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the 
"Report"), I, Mary Theresa Coelho, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company, certify, pursuant 
to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my 
knowledge:  

(1)  The  Report  fully  complies  with  the  requirements  of  section  13(a)  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities 

Exchange Act of 1934; and  

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all  material respects, the financial 

condition and result of operations of the Company.  

/s/ Mary Theresa Coelho 
Mary Theresa Coelho 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 
(Principal Financial Officer) 
March 1, 2018 

This  certification  accompanies  the  above-described  Report  on  Form  10-K  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by such Act, be deemed filed by the 
Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Company Information

Headquarters
Balchem Corporation 
52 Sunrise Park Road
New Hampton, NY 10958(cid:1)
845.326.5600

Stock Listing
NASDAQ Global Select Market
Symbol: BCPC

Investor Relations
Mary Ann Brush
845.326.5616

Transfer Agent
Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc.(cid:1)
2 Journal Square Plaza
Jersey City, NJ 07306

Independent Accountants
RSM US LLP 
1185 Avenue of the Americas, 6th Fl.(cid:1)
New York, NY 10036

Corporate Counsel
Duane Morris, LLP
100 High Street, Suite 2400
Boston, MA 02110-1724

Web Site
www.balchem.com

Board of Directors
Theodore L. Harris 
Paul D. Coombs
David B. Fischer
 Daniel E. Knutson
Edward L. McMillan
Perry W. Premdas
Dr. John Y. Televantos
Matthew Wineinger

Corporate Officers
Theodore L. Harris 
President and Chief Executive Officer

Mary Theresa Coelho
Chief Financial Officer 
Treasurer 

William A. Backus
Chief Accounting Officer

David F. Ludwig
Vice President / General Manager  
Specialty & Industrial Products 

Mark A. Stach

General Counsel
Secretary  

BALCHEM Corporation
52 Sunrise Park Road
New Hampton, NY 10958

Phone  (845) 326-5600
  (845) 326-5702
Fax 
Email  
info@balchem.com
Web   www.balchem.com