Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. 2012 Annual Report Gathering Momentum l V a e a n t P h a r m a c e u t i c a s l I n t e r n a t i o n a l , I n c . 2 0 1 2 A n n u a l R e p o r t Company Overview Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (NYSE/TSX:VRX) is a multinational specialty pharmaceutical company that develops and markets prescription and non-prescription pharmaceutical products that make a meaningful difference in patients’ lives. Valeant’s primary focus is principally in the areas of dermatology and neurology. The Company’s growth strategy is to acquire, develop and commercialize new products through strategic partnerships, and build on the company’s strength in dermatology and neurology. Valeant plans to strategically expand its pipeline by adding new compounds or products through product or company acquisitions and will maximize its pipeline through strategic partnering to optimize its research and development assets and strengthen ongoing internal development capabilities. Valeant’s strategic markets are primarily in the United States, Canada, Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, Australia and South East Asia. Headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Valeant has approximately 7,000 employees worldwide. FORwARd-LOOkING STATEMENTS In addition to current and historical information, this Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding our strategy, expected future revenue, the prospects for approval of product candidates and the timing of regulatory approvals, and the growth and future development of the company, its business units and its products. words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “may,” “will,” “believes,” “estimates,” “potential,” or “continue” or similar language identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties discussed in our most recent annual or quarterly report filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the Canadian Securities Administrators, which factors are incorporated herein by reference. You should consider these in evaluating our prospects and future financial performance. The forward-looking statements in this report are made as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after this report or to reflect actual outcomes. NON-GAAP INFORMATION To supplement the financial measures prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), the Company uses non-GAAP financial measures that exclude certain items, such as amor- tization of inventory step-up, stock-based compensation step-up, restructuring and acquisition-related costs, acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&d”), legal settlements, amortization and other non-cash charges, amortization of deferred financing costs, debt discounts and ASC 470-20 (FSP APB 14-1) interest, loss on extinguishment of debt, and (gain) loss on investments, net, and adjusts tax expense to cash taxes. Management uses non-GAAP financial measures internally for strategic decision making, forecasting future results and evaluating current performance. By disclosing non-GAAP financial measures, management intends to provide investors with a meaningful, consistent comparison of the company’s core operating results and trends for the periods presented. Non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP; therefore, the information is not necessarily comparable to other companies and should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their comparable GAAP financial measures are presented in our quarterly financial press tables and can be found under the Investor Relations section at www.valeant.com. Gathering Momentum As each year passes we gain momentum. Valeant continues to leverage its core strengths with creativity, speed, resourcefulness and entrepreneurship in order to deliver high value to our shareholders. 1 Valeant has gathered a diverse portfolio of over a thousand products. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Gathering Momentum Over the Counter 13% Branded Generics 22% Prescription Brands 65% Revenue Diversity At Valeant, we strive to achieve a balanced and diversified portfolio of prescription brands, branded generics and over-the-counter (OTC) products in niche categories and making them available to patients across an array of geographies including the U.S., Canada, Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, South East Asia and South Africa. We continue to seek high-growth opportunities where we believe we will have a competitive advantage, while avoiding markets where growth and profitability is limited. Our success is measured through the returns on investments we deliver to our shareholders. 3 Gathering Momentum South East Asia / South Africa 9% Latin America 31% Central and Eastern Europe 60% Emerging Markets Although our operating philosophy is purposefully international, it is not global. Our Emerging Markets segment includes our historical businesses in Central and Eastern Europe and Latin America, primarily in Mexico and Brazil, with new marketing opportunities recently acquired in South East Asia, South Africa and Russia. Traditionally, most of the larger pharmaceutical companies do not focus on these regions, but at Valeant we believe our investments in these territories will continue to yield high growth through the application of our successful business model. 4 Our progress takes us into select emerging markets throughout the world. Our momentum continues as we look to build out new growth platforms. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Gathering Momentum Oral Health Podiatry Aesthetics Ophthalmology South East Asia South Africa Russia New Growth Platforms At Valeant, we are constantly seeking out new and unique opportunities in a variety of therapeutic classes and geographic locations in order to deliver much-needed therapies designed to help improve the lives of our patients while consistently delivering high rewards to our investors. In 2012 we established new geographic growth platforms in South East Asia, South Africa and Russia, and pursued new therapeutic platforms in oral health, podiatry, and aesthetics. We believe our approach will help us succeed quickly in these areas and will lead to greater growth for Valeant in the years to come. 7 Letter To Shareholders Dear Shareholder; Thank you for your investment in Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. We continue to believe that Valeant is a unique pharmaceutical company and we are excited that you have taken the step to better understand our company. Valeant’s primary strategy is to leverage our speed, scale, financial strength and disciplined approach to business development, coupled with our focus on organic growth to pursue substantial growth opportunities and generate long-term value for all of our shareholders. Our strategy and philosophy are both simple and powerful. They are anchored in diversified operating units led by empowered entrepreneurs – who will be rewarded for growing their businesses, their cash flows, and building leadership positions in the market- place. Our dual engines of growth will be superior execution of well-thought-through business plans and continued new growth opportunities via disciplined acquisitions. We do “more with less” than our competitors. 2012 – A Year in Review We began 2012 with ambitious objectives to significantly grow our company’s top and bottom line as we march towards our overall objective of being the #1 specialty pharmaceutical company in the world. For 2012, we aimed to: • Continue to grow our base business with tuck-in acquisitions in Latin America as we target total sales of greater than $500 million in 2013 • Clearly establish Valeant Dermatology as the pre-eminent U.S. Dermatology company • Add products and expand our presence in the dermatology aesthetics space • Continue to license in and acquire products in Canada to build a leadership presence in our home market We continue to build on these aspirations and expect to continue our success in the months and years to come. From a top line perspective, we added over $1 billion in revenue in 2012 as compared to 2011, an increase in total revenue of more than 40 percent. This increase is on top of overcoming approxi- mately $200 million in revenue decline during the year due to the genericization and continued erosion of four products – Cesamet® in Canada and Cardizem® CD, Ultram® ER and Wellbutrin® XL in the U.S. On the bottom line, we delivered Cash EPS growth of 54 percent as compared to 2011, demonstrating once again the sustainability of our business model. Our businesses continued to deliver strong organic growth in 2012 and we reported same store sales organic growth of approximately 8 percent and pro forma organic growth of approximately 10 percent for the year. We were also very busy on business development activities as we completed over 25 transactions in 2012 and, as in previous years, we had a mix of small tuck-in acquisitions, mid-size transactions, as well as a more significant acquisition of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation that closed in December. Valeant’s Acquisition of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation In December 2012, Valeant announced the completion of its acquisition of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation. Soon after the close of the transaction, Valeant’s combined commercial dermatology operations were relocated to Scottsdale, Arizona and now operate under the name Medicis, a division of Valeant. The acquisition of Medicis represents a major step in Valeant’s goal of becoming the leader in dermatology while enhancing its presence in aesthetic dermatology. Medicis’ highly complemen- tary portfolio of leading branded products and promising pipeline is a solid strategic fit with Valeant’s existing portfolio, and we look forward to leveraging Medicis’ well-known and respected name in dermatology to drive long-term growth. • Build our Central and Eastern European business as we target sales of >$1 billion in 2013 • Fully integrate our Australian business under the iNova banner and deliver both strong organic growth and improved margins • Begin to build out our two new emerging market geographies – South East Asia and South Africa • Complete discussions with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding a potential New Drug Application submission of IDP-108 (efinaconazole) in 2012, with the goal of being a key contributor to the dermatology franchise in the future Medicis has an established track record of success with leading products such as SOLODYN®, RESTYLANE®, ZIANA®, and DYSPORT®. Additionally, Medicis recently acquired ZYCLARA®, a product to treat actinic keratosis, one of the fastest growing diagnoses within dermatology. The combination of our two highly complementary product portfolios will allow us to accelerate our efforts to drive sales, establish best-in-class commercial and research and development operations, and serve the consumers and patients who use our products as well as the physicians who recommend, administer, and prescribe them. I am also pleased that we greatly enhanced our management team at Valeant, with the addition of several new executives following a 8 Gathering Momentum strategic plan review conducted in 2012. Following this process, we determined that it is essential to preserve our decentralized model as we aspire to grow from a $3-4 billion revenue company to a $10-20 billion company in the foreseeable future. Unlike most traditional pharmaceutical companies that organize centrally by function coupled with regional commercial operations, we created the role of Company Group Chairman, each of whom will have a set of distinct but disparate set of businesses and functions reporting to them. This new structure allows me to focus on helping to troubleshoot problem businesses and to focus on the larger business development opportunities around the world. We welcomed Laizer Kornwasser, Ryan Weldon and Jason Hanson to our executive team in these new roles, in addition to expanding the number of General Managers throughout our operations. Research and Development 2012 was also a very strong year in the area of Research and Development. We have continued our unique approach to traditional R&D in that we don’t bet purely on science for our future growth. We like to buy in-line products that we believe we can grow and take the development risk out of the equation. We prefer to access our innovation through acquiring companies and products. And when we do invest in R&D, it is primarily focused on dermatology, ophthalmology, branded generics, and OTC products, where the risk-reward profile actually works from a standpoint of our company’s philosophy. We also seek partners for our significant development efforts, thereby reducing our R&D expenditures as compared with our peers. Under this philosophy, several new submissions were filed in 2012; IDP-108 (efinaconazole) in the United States (U.S.) and Xerese™ in Canada by Valeant, and luliconazole for athletes’ foot in the U.S. by the Medicis group. We were also very productive in the branded generics area where we launched over 300 products in our Emerging Markets geographies. Furthermore, we were encouraged over the continued development of our topical compound efinaconazole for the treatment of onychomycosis, a nail fungus infection that affects one in 10 Americans and can ultimately result in nail destruction and deformity. In Fall 2012, the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology published the positive results from two Phase III studies Valeant conducted in over 1,600 patients with onychomy- cosis, with the primary endpoint or goal of complete cure after 52 weeks. In Study 1, 17.8% of subjects treated with efinaconazole were completely cured, as compared to 3.3% of patients treated with placebo. In Study 2, 15.2% of subjects treated with efinaconazole were completely cured, as compared to 5.5% of placebo. Adverse events that were reported were generally considered mild. We are hopeful this data will increase the likelihood of IDP-108 being approved by the FDA in Spring 2013. Finally, we also launched several patented and OTC products this year, with Valeant’s introduction of Regederm in Brazil, Potiga™ in the U.S., through our partner GlaxoSmithKline, Sublinox® and Lodalis in Canada, and many OTC line extensions, such as the CeraVe® family of products. CeraVe continues to be the fastest growing moisturizer in the U.S. and Canada. In addition, Medicis launched the Zyclara® Pump in September in the U.S., and achieved regulatory approval for Dysport® in Canada and a lip indication for Restylane® with lidocaine in the U.S. U.S. Dermatology and Aesthetics Valeant’s U.S. dermatology business continues to be a key strength and our growth further solidifies our position as a significant player in this therapeutic area. Not only does dermatology have what we believe is an attractive risk and reward profile, we believe there’s room for a focused company like Valeant. Our dermatology products help patients who are suffering from actinic keratoses, acne, cold sores and psoriasis, to name just a few. For those patients who are looking for a reduction in the appearance of scars, skin-aging and apparent pigmentation, we entered the U.S. aesthetics market in a big way in 2012. Our entry into the aesthetics market began with our acquisition of Dermik in late 2011 which brought the addition of Sculptra® to our product portfolio. We believe the U.S. aesthetic dynamics are attractive with a $12-billion-dollar-plus market that is fragmented among several small players and has minimal participation from large pharmaceutical companies. And with a focused target list of prescribers, it is a relationship-oriented and industry-friendly environment, with a fairly low level of government reimbursement for these products and a growing self-pay component. Finally, innovation is the key in these markets, predominantly through formulation improvement, which provides excellent low-risk R&D opportunities for Valeant. Oral Health In 2012, Valeant entered into a new and attractive market segment focused on the dental community when we acquired OraPharma, a specialty company that develops and commercializes products that improve and maintain oral health. OraPharma’s lead product, Arestin, is a locally administered antibiotic for the treatment of periodontitis that utilizes an advanced controlled-release delivery system and is indicated for use in conjunction with scaling and root planing for the treatment of adult periodontitis. OraPharma currently has the largest specialized pharmaceutical sales force in the dental industry, and we believe this segment has similar characteristics to the other sectors we market to and should offer us the opportunity to cross-sell a variety of our current products. We also made several small acquisitions for additional products, including a teeth whitening product that can be sold through this channel. Podiatry We are excited about our entry into the podiatry market in 2012, which has comparable characteristics to the dermatology market. Expanding into this area with the acquisition of Pedinol Pharmacal, Inc., a company that has over 85 years of experience in podia- try and a highly regarded national field sales organization which will be a crucial advantage as we prepare for broader expansion into this market. We expect Pedinol’s established presence in the podiatry market to be a valuable asset for Valeant as we are hopeful for FDA approval of our New Drug Applications for both efinaconazole (onychomycosis) and luliconazole (athlete’s foot) in 2013. 9 Neurology and Other Our comprehensive U.S. portfolio of well-established specialty pharmaceuticals, including products such as Wellbutrin® and Xenazine®, target neurological diseases such as epilepsy, migraines, depression, chronic pain, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and orphan diseases. Our management approach to this portfolio, a very lean infrastructure with minimal support in non-field force promotion and targeted improvements in formulation, has worked well for these smaller specialty-focused legacy brands. Managing our Neurology and Other segment to maximize our cash flows remains a key priority in 2013 and beyond. Emerging Markets Our Emerging Markets segment includes our historical business units in Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe and newly established growth platforms in South East Asia, South Africa and Russia through several strategic transactions completed in the past eighteen months. We view our entry into these markets as exciting new growth platforms and we are eager to expand our presence in these areas. Our footprint is purposefully international, yet not global. We intentionally do not operate in a number of international markets, such as Western Europe, Japan, China and India, which are the strategic focus of other pharmaceutical companies. We continue to explore and invest in other territories that we believe are high- growth opportunities through the successful application of our business model. Pursuing these opportunities in the select regions that larger pharmaceutical companies are not focusing on is another key element of our operating philosophy. In Central and Eastern Europe, Valeant generates revenues in over 20 countries including Poland, Serbia, Russia, Hungary, and Croatia from branded generic pharmaceutical products, OTC products and from partnerships with other research-based phar- maceutical companies. Valeant’s Latin American segment generates revenues from branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products in Mexico and Brazil, and exports out of Mexico to other Latin American markets. Our branded generic products in Mexico are primarily marketed in this region to physicians and pharmacies through approximately 500 sales professionals under the Valeant, Grossman and Tecnofarma brands. In Brazil, we manufacture and market branded generic products, as well as marketing a line of OTC sports nutrition products and other food supplements. Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda., a leader in sports nutrition and food supplements in Brazil. Probiótica is highlighted as a Latin American pioneer in the production of food supplements focused on the area of sports nutrition, and is a sponsor of bodybuilding contests around the world. Our branded generic products in Brazil are primarily marketed to pharmacies and wholesalers through approximately 200 sales professionals. Canada/Australasia Valeant Canada is a specialty pharmaceutical company and a regional subsidiary of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Valeant Canada manufactures markets and/or distributes pharmaceutical products to both primary care and specialist physicians in Canada. The company focuses its efforts primarily in the areas of Pain Management, Cardiovascular Disease, Neurology and Dermatology. Valeant Canada’s commercial operations are based in Montreal, Quebec, and our strong commercial infrastructure has made us a logical partner for other companies looking for innovative ways to enter the Canadian market, without the risk and expense of building their own operational organization from scratch. In addition to our strong prescription product portfolio, Valeant Canada has established a strong presence with non-prescription retail brands, including Dr. Renaud, COLD-FX® and Swiss Herbal. Valeant Canada features an R&D center of excellence for consumer dermatology in Laval, Quebec and recently launched Dysport®, a prescription injection for temporary improvement in the look of moderate to severe frown lines between the eyebrows (glabellar lines) in adults less than 65 years of age. In Australia, we continue to build our presence in the OTC market. Through our acquisition of iNova Pharmaceuticals in 2011, we have an ever-increasing range of known and trusted brands in several categories including consumer skincare & cosmetics, dermatology and cough and cold market segments. In addition, Valeant has a core and growing ethical pharmaceutical business in Australia. Looking Forward Following the conclusion of our strategic plan review last summer and the implementation of our new organizational structure, I believe that Valeant is poised to capitalize on the many opportunities that lie ahead. With the traditional pharmaceutical industry facing unique challenges, I believe that Valeant, through our diversified and decentralized business units, our commitment to our important stakeholders and our focus on outperformance, will continue to be a driver of change within the industry. As I look back over the past five years, I am pleased with what we have achieved together, but will not be satisfied until we join the ranks of the true industry leaders. Our goal is to continue to build on our past successes and look forward to new opportunities emerging for Valeant in 2013 and beyond. Finally, I would like to personally thank Valeant’s employees and shareholders for your continued support as we work together towards building the most successful pharmaceutical company in the world. J. Michael Pearson Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 10 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (cid:1) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (cid:2) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 OR For the transition period from to Commission file number 001-14956 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) Canada State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization 98-0448205 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 4787 Levy Street Montreal, Quebec Canada, H4R 2P9 (Address of principal executive offices) (514) 744-6792 Registrant’s telephone number, including area code Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Common Shares, No Par Value Title of each class New York Stock Exchange, Toronto Stock Exchange Name of each exchange on which registered Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None (Title of class) Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes (cid:1) No (cid:2) Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes (cid:2) No (cid:1) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes (cid:1) No (cid:2) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes (cid:1) No (cid:2) Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. (cid:2) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of ‘‘large accelerated filer,’’ ‘‘accelerated filer’’ and ‘‘smaller reporting company’’ in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer (cid:1) Smaller reporting company (cid:2) Accelerated filer (cid:2) Non-accelerated filer (cid:2) (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes (cid:2) No (cid:1) The aggregate market value of the common shares held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $10,315,067,000 based on the last reported sale price on the New York Stock Exchange on June 29, 2012. The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, as of February 22, 2013 was 305,758,623. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s proxy statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Such proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION PART I Item 1. Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1A. Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART II Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 8. Item 9. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 9A. Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 9B. Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 11. Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 13 24 25 26 26 27 32 33 88 88 88 88 88 89 89 89 89 89 Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 PART IV Basis of Presentation General ‘‘Merger’’). In connection with the Merger, Biovail was renamed On September 28, 2010, Biovail Corporation (‘‘Biovail’’) completed the acquisition of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (‘‘Valeant’’) through a wholly-owned subsidiary, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 20, 2010, with Valeant surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail (the ‘‘Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’ Biovail is both the legal and accounting acquirer in the Merger. Accordingly, the pre-acquisition consolidated financial statements of Biovail are the historical financial statements of the Company going forward such that the accompanying financial statements reflect Biovail’s stand-alone operations as they existed prior to the completion of the Merger. The results of Valeant’s business have been included in the financial statements only for periods subsequent to the completion of the Merger. Except where the context otherwise requires, all references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (‘‘Form 10-K’’) to the ‘‘Company’’, ‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’, ‘‘our’’ or similar words or phrases are to Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. and its subsidiaries, taken together. In this Form 10-K, references to ‘‘$’’ and ‘‘US$’’ are to United States dollars, references to ‘‘C$’’ are to Canadian dollars, references to ‘‘A’’ are to Euros, references to ‘‘AUD$’’ are to Australian dollars, references to ‘‘R$’’ are to Brazilian real, references to ‘‘MXN$’’ are to Mexican peso and references to ‘‘PLN’’ are to Polish zloty. Unless otherwise indicated, the statistical and financial data contained in this Form 10-K are presented as of December 31, 2012. Trademarks The following words are trademarks of our Company and are the subject of either registration, or application for registration, in one or more of Canada, the United States of America (the ‘‘U.S.’’) or certain jurisdictions: ACANYA(cid:4), AFEXA(cid:4), ACNEFREE(cid:5), AMBI(cid:4), ANDOLEX(cid:4), ANTI-ANGIN (cid:4), other ANTIGRIPPIN(cid:5), APLENZIN(cid:4), ARESTIN(cid:4), ATRALIN(cid:4), BEDOYECTA(cid:4), BENZACLIN(cid:4), BIAFINE(cid:4), BIOVAIL(cid:4), BISOCARD(cid:5), CALADRYL(cid:4), CARAC(cid:4), CARDIOPIRIN(cid:5), CARDIZEM(cid:4), CERAVE(cid:4), CESAMET(cid:4), CLODERM(cid:4), COLD-FX(cid:4), COLDSORE-FX(cid:4), CORN HUSKERS (cid:4), CORTAID(cid:4), DERMAGLOW(cid:4), DERMAVEEN(cid:4), DERMIK(cid:4), DIASTAT(cid:4), DIFFLAM(cid:4), DUROMINE(cid:4), DURO-TUSS(cid:4), EFUDEX(cid:4), EMERVEL(cid:4), ERTACZO(cid:4), EUCALYPTUS MA(cid:5), GLUMETZA(cid:4), LACRISERT(cid:4), LODALIS(cid:5), MACUGEN(cid:4), MELLERIL(cid:4), METERMINE(cid:4), M.V.I.(cid:4), NITOMAN(cid:4), NORGESIC(cid:4), OCEAN(cid:4), ORTHO DERMATOLOGICS(cid:4), PERLANE(cid:4), PERLANE-L(cid:4), PHOLTEX(cid:4), POTIGA(cid:5), PURPOSE(cid:4) RENOVA(cid:4), RESTYLANE(cid:4), RESTYLANE-L(cid:4), RETIN-A MICRO(cid:4), RIKODEINE(cid:4), SAGE(cid:5), SCULPTRA(cid:4), SHOWER TO SHOWER (cid:4), SOLODYN(cid:4), TAMBOCOR(cid:4), TANDENE(cid:4), TARGRETIN(cid:4), THROMBO AS(cid:5), TIAZAC(cid:4), TIMOPTIC(cid:4), TROBALT(cid:4), VALEANT(cid:4), VALEANT V & DESIGN(cid:4), VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS & DESIGN(cid:4), VANOS(cid:4), XENAZINE(cid:4), XENAZINA(cid:4), ZIANA(cid:4), and ZYCLARA(cid:4). WELLBUTRIN(cid:4), WELLBUTRIN(cid:4) XL, WELLBUTRIN XL(cid:4) and ZOVIRAX(cid:4) are trademarks of The GlaxoSmithKline Group of Companies and are used by us under license. ULTRAM(cid:4) is a trademark of Ortho- McNeil, Inc. (now known as PriCara, a division of Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) and is used by us under license. MVE(cid:4) is a registered trademark of Healthpoint, Ltd. and is used by us under license. ELIDEL(cid:4) and XERESE(cid:4) are registered trademarks of Meda Pharma SARL and are used by us under license. VISUDYNE(cid:4) is a registered trademark of Novartis Pharma AG and is used by us under license. DYSPORT(cid:4) is a registered trademark of Ipsen Biopharm Limited and is used by us under license. MONOPRIL(cid:4), CEFZIL(cid:4), DURACEF(cid:4) and MEGACE(cid:4) are registered trademarks of Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and are used by us under license. In addition, we have filed trademark applications for many of our other trademarks in the U.S., Canada and in other jurisdictions and have implemented, on an ongoing basis, a trademark protection program for new trademarks. i Forward-Looking Statements Caution regarding forward-looking information and statements and ‘‘Safe-Harbor’’ statements under the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: To the extent any statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K contain information that is not historical, these statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and may be forward- looking information within the meaning defined under applicable Canadian securities legislation (collectively, ‘‘forward-looking statements’’). These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things: the expected benefits of our acquisitions (including the Medicis acquisition) and other transactions, such as cost savings, operating synergies and growth potential of the Company; business plans and prospects, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results of current and anticipated products; the impact of healthcare reform; exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes and interest rate changes; the outcome of contingencies, such as certain litigation and regulatory proceedings; general market conditions; and our expectations regarding our financial performance, including revenues, expenses, gross margins, liquidity and income taxes. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of words such as ‘‘believe’’, ‘‘anticipate’’, ‘‘expect’’, ‘‘intend’’, ‘‘estimate’’, ‘‘plan’’, ‘‘continue’’, ‘‘will’’, ‘‘may’’, ‘‘could’’, ‘‘would’’, ‘‘target’’, ‘‘potential’’ and other similar expressions. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. Although we have indicated above certain of these statements set out herein, all of the statements in this Form 10-K that contain forward-looking statements are qualified by these cautionary statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors and assumptions regarding the items outlined above. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these expectations include, among other things, the following: (cid:127) our ability to compete against companies that are larger and have greater financial, technical and human resources than we do, as well as other competitive factors, such as technological advances achieved, patents obtained and new products introduced by our competitors; (cid:127) the introduction of generic competitors of our brand products; (cid:127) the introduction of products that compete against our products that do not have patent or data exclusivity rights, which products represent a significant portion of our revenues; (cid:127) the challenges and difficulties associated with managing the rapid growth of our Company and a large, complex business; (cid:127) our ability to identify, acquire, close and integrate acquisition targets successfully and on a timely basis; (cid:127) our ability to secure and maintain third-party research, development, manufacturing, marketing or distribution arrangements; (cid:127) factors relating to the integration of the companies, businesses and products acquired by the Company (including the integration relating to our recent acquisition of Medicis), such as the time and resources required to integrate such companies, businesses and products, the difficulties associated with such integrations, and the achievement of the anticipated benefits from such integrations; (cid:127) our eligibility for benefits under tax treaties and the continued availability of low effective tax rates for the business profits of certain of our subsidiaries; (cid:127) our substantial debt and debt service obligations and their impact on our financial condition and results of operations; ii (cid:127) our future cash flow, our ability to service and repay our existing debt and our ability to raise additional funds, if needed, in light of our current and projected levels of operations, acquisition activity and general economic conditions; (cid:127) interest rate risks associated with our floating debt borrowings; (cid:127) the risks associated with the international scope of our operations, including our presence in emerging markets and the challenges we face when entering new geographic markets; (cid:127) adverse global economic conditions and credit market and foreign currency exchange uncertainty in Central and Eastern European and other countries in which we do business; (cid:127) economic factors over which the Company has no control, including changes in inflation, interest rates, foreign currency rates, and the potential effect of such factors on revenues, expenses and resulting margins; (cid:127) the outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and regulatory proceedings; (cid:127) the risk that our products could cause, or be alleged to cause, personal injury, leading to potential lawsuits and/or withdrawals of products from the market; (cid:127) the difficulty in predicting the expense, timing and outcome within our legal and regulatory environment, including, but not limited to, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada and European, Asian, Brazilian and Australian regulatory approvals, legal and regulatory proceedings and settlements thereof, the protection afforded by our patents and other intellectual and proprietary property, successful generic challenges to our products and infringement or alleged infringement of the intellectual property of others; (cid:127) the results of continuing safety and efficacy studies by industry and government agencies; (cid:127) the uncertainties associated with the acquisition and launch of new products, including, but not limited to, the acceptance and demand for new pharmaceutical products, and the impact of competitive products and pricing; (cid:127) the availability and extent to which our products are reimbursed by government authorities and other third party payors, as well as the impact of obtaining or maintaining such reimbursement on the price of our products; (cid:127) the inclusion of our products on formularies or our ability to achieve favorable formulary status, as well as the impact on the price of our products in connection therewith; (cid:127) the impact of price control restrictions on our products, including the risk of mandated price reductions; (cid:127) our ability to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees; (cid:127) the success of preclinical and clinical trials for our drug development pipeline or delays in clinical trials that adversely impact the timely commercialization of our pipeline products, as well as factors impacting the commercial success of our currently marketed products, which could lead to material impairment charges; (cid:127) the results of management reviews of our research and development portfolio, conducted periodically and in connection with certain acquisitions, the decisions from which could result in terminations of specific projects which, in turn, could lead to material impairment charges; (cid:127) our ability to obtain components, raw materials or finished products supplied by third parties and other manufacturing and supply difficulties and delays; (cid:127) the disruption of delivery of our products and the routine flow of manufactured goods; (cid:127) declines in the pricing and sales volume of certain of our products that are distributed by third parties, over which we have no or limited control; (cid:127) the seasonality of sales of certain of our products; (cid:127) compliance with, or the failure to comply with, health care ‘‘fraud and abuse’’ laws and other extensive regulation of our marketing, promotional and pricing practices, worldwide anti-bribery laws (including the iii U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act), worldwide environmental laws and regulation and privacy and security regulations; (cid:127) the impacts of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and other legislative and regulatory healthcare reforms in the countries in which we operate; and (cid:127) other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the ‘‘SEC’’) and the Canadian Securities Administrators (the ‘‘CSA’’), as well as our ability to anticipate and manage the risks associated with the foregoing. Additional information about these factors and about the material factors or assumptions underlying such forward-looking statements may be found elsewhere in this Form 10-K, under Item 1A. ‘‘Risk Factors’’, and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC and CSA. We caution that the foregoing list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive. When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-K or to reflect actual outcomes. iv Item 1. Business PART I Biovail Corporation (‘‘Biovail’’) was formed under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on February 18, 2000, as a result of the amalgamation of TXM Corporation and Biovail Corporation International. Biovail was continued under the Canada Business Corporations Act (the ‘‘CBCA’’) effective June 29, 2005. On September 28, 2010 (the ‘‘Merger Date’’), Biovail completed the acquisition of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (‘‘Valeant’’) through a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 20, 2010, with Valeant surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail (the ‘‘Merger’’). In connection with the Merger, Biovail was renamed ‘‘Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’ The accompanying financial statements reflect Biovail’s stand-alone operations as they existed prior to the completion of the Merger. The results of Valeant’s business have been included in the financial statements only for periods subsequent to the completion of the Merger. Unless the context indicates otherwise, when we refer to ‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’, ‘‘our’’ or the ‘‘Company’’ in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (‘‘Form 10-K’’), we are referring to Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Introduction We are a multinational, specialty pharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. Our specialty pharmaceutical and over-the-counter (‘‘OTC’’) products are marketed under brand names and are sold in the United States (‘‘U.S.’’), Canada, Australia and New Zealand, where we focus most of our efforts on products in the dermatology and neurology therapeutic classes. We also have branded generic, branded, and OTC operations in Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, Southeast Asia and South Africa. Business Strategy Our strategy is to focus the business on core geographies and therapeutic classes, manage pipeline assets either internally or through strategic partnerships with other pharmaceutical companies and deploy cash with an appropriate mix of selective acquisitions, debt repurchases and repayments, and share buybacks. We believe this strategy will allow us to improve both the growth rate and profitability of the Company and to enhance shareholder value. Our low risk research and development model is one key element to this business strategy. It will allow us to progress certain development programs to drive future commercial growth, while minimizing our research and development expense. This will be achieved in four ways: (cid:127) focusing our efforts on niche therapeutic areas such as dermatology, podiatry, ophthalmology and life-cycle management programs for currently marketed products; (cid:127) acquiring dossiers and registrations for branded generic products, which require limited manufacturing start-up and development activities; (cid:127) selling internal development capabilities to third parties, thereby allowing higher utilization and infrastructure cost absorption; and (cid:127) structuring partnerships and collaborations so that our partners share development costs. Focused Diversification across Geographies, Therapeutic Areas and Products with Limited Patent Exposure We are diverse not only in our sources of revenue from our broad drug portfolio, but also among the therapeutic classes and geographic segments we serve. We focus on those businesses that we view to have the potential for strong operating margins and solid growth, while providing natural balance across geographies. 1 In addition, we have an established portfolio of specialty pharmaceutical, branded generic and OTC products with a focus in the dermatology therapeutic areas. We believe dermatology is particularly attractive given that many of the products are: (cid:127) generally relatively small on an individual basis (with the exception of Solodyn(cid:4) and Zovirax(cid:4)), and therefore not the focus of larger pharmaceutical companies; (cid:127) often topical treatments and, therefore, subject to less generic competition. Topical treatments generally require full clinical trials and not just bioequivalence tests before generics can enter the market; and (cid:127) marked by a higher self-pay component than other therapeutic areas, so that they are not as dependent on increasing reimbursement pressures. Acquisitions and Dispositions We have completed several transactions to expand our product portfolio including, among others, the following acquisitions of businesses and product rights in 2012: Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation (‘‘Medicis’’), OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc. (‘‘OraPharma’’), certain assets from Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. (‘‘J&J North America’’ and ‘‘J&J ROW’’), certain assets from QLT Inc. and QLT Ophthalmics, Inc. (collectively ‘‘QLT’’), certain assets from University Medical Pharmaceuticals Corp. (‘‘University Medical’’), certain assets from Atlantis Pharma (‘‘Atlantis’’), certain assets from Gerot Lannach, and Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda. (‘‘Probiotica’’). In addition, in February 2013, we acquired Natur Produkt International, JSC (‘‘Natur Produkt’’), as well as certain assets from Eisai Inc. (‘‘Eisai’’). In connection with the acquisition of Dermik in December 2011, we were required by the Federal Trade Commission (‘‘FTC’’) to divest 1% clindamycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, a generic version of BenzaClin(cid:4), and 5% fluorouracil cream, an authorized generic of Efudex(cid:4). We completed the divestiture of these products in February 2012. For more information regarding our acquisitions and dispositions, see note 3, note 4 and note 27 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. Segment Information As a result of the acquisition of iNova in December 2011, we began operating in five new territories: Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Africa, with a distribution business in Thailand, Taiwan and some sub-Saharan Africa markets. iNova also distributes through partners in China, Korea and Japan. Consequently, our Chief Executive Officer (‘‘CEO’’), who is our Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘‘CODM’’), began to manage the business differently, which necessitated a realignment of the segment structure, effective in the first quarter of 2012. Pursuant to this change, we now have four reportable segments: (i) U.S. Dermatology, (ii) U.S. Neurology and Other, (iii) Canada and Australia and (iv) Emerging Markets. Accordingly, the Company has restated prior period segment information to conform to the current period presentation. Comparative segment information for 2012, 2011 and 2010 is presented in note 26 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. Our current product portfolio comprises approximately 1,100 products, with approximately 7,300 stock keeping units (‘‘SKUs’’). In 2012, 2011 and 2010, global Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) represented 7%, 9% and 21%, respectively, and Zovirax(cid:4) represented 7%, 8% and 14%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. We anticipate a continuing decline in Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) product sales due to generic erosion. However, the rate of decline is expected to decrease in the future, and this brand is expected to represent a declining percentage of total revenues primarily due to anticipated growth in other parts of our business and recent acquisitions. We anticipate that Zovirax(cid:4) may also continue to decline as a percentage of consolidated revenues in the future as a result of revenue growth from acquisitions. In addition, in the U.S., Zovirax(cid:4) does not currently have generic competition, but is not protected by patent or regulatory exclusivity. 2 U.S. Dermatology The U.S. Dermatology segment generates revenues from pharmaceutical and OTC products, and alliance and contract service revenues, in the areas of dermatology and topical medication, aesthetics (including medical devices), dentistry, ophthalmology and podiatry. These pharmaceutical products are marketed and sold primarily through wholesalers and to a lesser extent through retail and direct-to-physician channels. Dermatology Products — Our principal dermatology products are: (cid:127) Zovirax(cid:4) Ointment is a topical formulation of a synthetic nucleoside analogue which is active against herpes viruses. Each gram of Zovirax(cid:4) Ointment contains 50 mg of acyclovir in a polyethylene glycol base. This product is indicated for the management of initial genital herpes and in limited non-life threatening mucocutaneous herpes simplex infections in immuno-compromised patients. Zovirax(cid:4) Cream was approved by the FDA in December 2002 and launched by Biovail in July 2003. Zovirax(cid:4) Cream is indicated for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) in adults and adolescents (12 years of age and older). Pursuant to a distribution rights agreement, GSK provided us with Zovirax(cid:4) products for the U.S. This distribution rights agreement terminated in February 2011 with our acquisition of the U.S. rights to non-ophthalmic topical formulations of Zovirax(cid:4) from GSK. We entered into a new supply agreement and trademark license with GSK for the U.S in 2011. (cid:127) Xerese(cid:4) (acyclovir and hydrocortisone cream) is indicated for the early treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) to reduce the likelihood of ulcerative cold sores and to shorten the lesion healing time in adults and adolescents (12 years of age and older). Xerese(cid:4) contains acyclovir, a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpes viruses, and hydrocortisone, an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid, combined in a cream for topical administration. (cid:127) Retin-A Micro(cid:4) (tretinoin gel) microsphere, 0.04%/0.1% Pump, is an oil-free prescription-strength acne treatment proven to start clearing skin in as little as two weeks after the start of treatment, with full results seen after seven weeks of treatment. (cid:127) Elidel(cid:4) is a topical formulation used to treat mild to moderate atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema. Each gram of Elidel(cid:4) Cream 1% contains 10 mg of pimecrolimus in a whitish cream base of benzyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, citric acid, mono — and di-glycerides, oleyl alcohol, propylene glycol, sodium cetostearyl sulphate, sodium hydroxide, stearyl alcohol, triglycerides, and water. Elidel(cid:4) (pimecrolimus) Cream 1% is indicated as second-line therapy for the short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in nonimmunocompromised adults and children 2 years of age and older, who have failed to respond adequately to other topical prescription treatments, or when those treatments are not advisable. (cid:127) Carac(cid:4) (fluorouracil cream) Cream, 0.5%, is a once daily formulation of fluorouracil cream which is indicated for the topical treatment of multiple actinic or solar keratoses of the face and anterior scalp, a type of precancerous lesion. (cid:127) Acanya(cid:4) gel is a fixed-combination clindamycin phosphate (1.2%)/benzoyl peroxide (2.5%) aqueous gel approved by the FDA for the once daily treatment of acne vulgaris in patients 12 years and older. Studied in patients with moderate and severe acne, Acanya(cid:4) offers significant efficacy with a favorable tolerability profile and contains no preservatives, surfactants, parabens or alcohol. Acanya(cid:4) was launched by Valeant in March 2009. (cid:127) Sculptra(cid:4) and Sculptra(cid:4) Aesthetic is an injectable implant containing microparticles of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), a biocompatible, biodegradable, synthetic polymer from the alpha-hydroxy-acid family, carboxymethylcellulose (USP), non-pyrogenic mannitol (USP) and sterile water for injection (USP). Sculptra(cid:4) is intended for restoration and/or correction of the signs of facial fat loss (lipoatrophy) in people with human immunodeficiency virus. Sculptra(cid:4) Aesthetic is indicated for use in immune- competent people as a single regimen for correction of shallow to deep nasolabial fold contour deficiencies and other facial wrinkles in which deep dermal grid pattern (cross-hatch) injection technique is appropriate. 3 (cid:127) Atralin(cid:4) gel is an aqueous gel containing micronized tretinoin (0.05%) approved for once daily treatment of acne vulgaris in patients 10 years and older. Atralin(cid:4) has been demonstrated to reduce both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions and contains ingredients (hyaluronic acid, collagen and glycerin) known to moisturize and hydrate the skin. As part of the acquisition of Medicis in December 2012, we now market the following dermatology products: (cid:127) Solodyn(cid:4) is a prescription oral antibiotic (minocycline) approved to treat only the red, pus-filled pimples of moderate to severe acne in patients 12 years of age and older. (cid:127) Zyclara(cid:4) is a prescription medication (imiquimod) cream for use on the skin (topical) to treat actinic keratosis (AK) of the full face or balding scalp in adults with normal immune function. (cid:127) Ziana(cid:4) is a lincosamide antibiotic and retinoid combination product indicated for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris in patients 12 years of age or older. (cid:127) Vanos(cid:4) is a prescription corticosteroid (fluocinonide) cream for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses in patients 12 years of age or older. (cid:127) Restylane(cid:4) family of products (Restylane(cid:4)/Restylane-L(cid:4)/Perlane(cid:4)/Perlane-L(cid:4)) is a range of hyaluronic acid-based injectable implant dermal fillers. These products can be used individually to add volume and fullness to the skin to correct moderate to severe facial wrinkles and folds, such as nasolabial folds. Restylane(cid:4) is also FDA-approved for lip enhancement in patients over 21 years of age, and is uniquely formulated to provide fullness and definition to the lips. (cid:127) Dysport(cid:4) is a prescription injection neurotoxin (abobotulinumtoxinA) for temporary improvement in the look of moderate to severe glabellar lines in adults less than 65 years of age. OTC Products — our principal OTC products are: (cid:127) CeraVe(cid:4) is a range of OTC products with essential ceramides and other skin-nourishing and ingredients (humectants and emollients) combined with a unique, patented skin-moisturizing Multivesicular Emulsion (MVE(cid:4)) delivery technology that, together, work to rebuild and repair the skin barrier. CeraVe(cid:4) formulations incorporate ceramides, cholesterol and fatty acids, all of which are essential for skin barrier repair and are used as adjunct therapy in the management of various skin conditions. (cid:127) AcneFree(cid:5) is a range of OTC cleansers and acne treatments containing benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid. Dentistry Products (oral health) — Our principal dentistry products are: (cid:127) Arestin(cid:4) (minocycline hydrochloride) was acquired in June 2012 as part of our acquisition of OraPharma. Arestin(cid:4) is a subgingival sustained-release product containing the antibiotic minocycline hydrochloride incorporated into a bioresorbable polymer. Arestin(cid:4) is indicated as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) procedures for reduction of pocket depth in patients with adult periodontitis. Arestin(cid:4) may be used as part of a periodontal maintenance program, which includes good oral hygiene and SRP. (cid:127) In November, 2012, we acquired from KLOX Technologies (‘‘KLOX’’) the global rights to KLOX’s in-office Teeth Whitening System, as well as an at-home use Teeth Whitening Pen. The in-office system, to be called EZ White(cid:5) Pro is a professional in-office teeth whitening system. The at-home whitening pen, to be called EZ White(cid:5) Pen, is designed to be utilized for independent use or as supplemental to the in-office whitening system for teeth whitening maintenance requirements. Ophthalmology Products — Our principal ophthalmology products are: (cid:127) Timoptic(cid:4) (timolol maleate ophthalmic solution) is a prescription product that comes in several forms and strengths and is indicated for the treatement of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. 4 (cid:127) Lacrisert(cid:4) (hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert) is a prescription product indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye. (cid:127) Macugen(cid:4) (pegaptanib sodium injection) is a prescription product indicated for the treatement of wet age-related macular degeneration. We acquired this product through the acquisition of Eyetech, Inc. in 2012. Macugen(cid:4) is dosed via intraocular injection. (cid:127) Visudyne(cid:4) (verteporfin for injection) is a prescription product indicated for the treatment of patients with predominantly classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration, pathologic myopia or presumed ocular histoplasmosis. We acquired this product from QLT in September 2012. Visudyne(cid:4) is dosed via intravenous infusion and is activated with a laser (photodynamic therapy) operated by an ophthalmologist. U.S. Dermatology Service and Alliance Revenue — We generate alliance revenue and service revenue from the licensing of dermatological products and from contract services in the areas of dermatology and topical medication. Alliance revenue within our U.S. Dermatology segment included profit sharing payments from the sale of a 1% clindamycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide gel product (‘‘IDP-111’’) by Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Mylan’’), and royalties from patent-protected formulations developed by our Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inc. subsidiary and licensed to third parties. As described above, in connection with the Dermik acquisition in December 2011, we were required by the FTC to divest IDP-111. On February 3, 2012, we divested IDP-111 to Mylan and, as a result, we no longer receive royalties on sales by Mylan of IDP-111 made after February 3, 2012. Contract services are primarily focused on contract research for external development and clinical research in areas such as formulations development, in vitro drug penetration studies, analytical sciences and consulting in the areas of labeling and regulatory affairs. U.S. Neurology and Other The U.S. Neurology and Other segment generates revenues from pharmaceutical products indicated for the treatment of neurological and other diseases, as well as alliance revenue from the licensing of various products we developed or acquired. These pharmaceutical products are marketed and sold primarily through wholesalers. Neurology and Other Products — our principal neurology and other products are: (cid:127) Wellbutrin XL(cid:4), an extended-release formulation of bupropion indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults, was launched in the U.S. in September 2003 by an affiliate of GlaxoSmithKline LLC (the entities within The Glaxo Group of Companies are referred to throughout as ‘‘GSK’’). Pursuant to a manufacturing-and-supply agreement then in effect with GSK, Biovail received a tiered supply price based on GSK’s net sales of Wellbutrin XL(cid:4). In May 2009, Biovail acquired the full U.S. commercialization rights to Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) from GSK. (cid:127) Xenazine(cid:4) is indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease. In the U.S., Xenazine(cid:4) is distributed for us by Lundbeck Inc. under an exclusive marketing, distribution and supply agreement for an initial term of 15 years. U.S. Neurology and Other Alliance Revenue — We generate alliance revenue from the licensing of various products we developed or acquired. Canada and Australia The Canada and Australia segment generates product revenues from pharmaceutical and OTC products sold in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. These pharmaceutical products are marketed and sold primarily through wholesalers and to a lesser extent through retail and direct-to-physician channels. Canada — our principal products sold in the Canadian market are: (cid:127) Tiazac(cid:4) XC is a calcium channel blocker (‘‘CCB’’) used in the treatment of hypertension and angina. Tiazac(cid:4) XC is a once-daily formulation of diltiazem that delivers smooth blood pressure control over a 24-hour period. As a non-dihydropyridine CCB, Tiazac(cid:4) XC provides specific renal protective benefits, as 5 well as blood pressure reduction, which is particularly important for diabetic hypertensive patients. Our generic version of Tiazac(cid:4) XC is distributed in Canada by Teva Canada. (cid:127) Wellbutrin(cid:4) XL is a once-daily formulation of bupropion developed by Biovail that is approved for the treatment of major depressive illness and the prevention of seasonal major depressive illness. (cid:127) a dermatology and aesthetics portfolio, which includes Zovirax(cid:4), Benzaclin(cid:4), and Penlac(cid:4). OTC Products — our principal OTC product in Canada is: (cid:127) Cold-FX(cid:4) is a highly purified ChemBioPrint product derived from the roots of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius). Each capsule contains 200 mg or 300 mg of CVT-E002, a unique extract of polysaccharides that has been shown in laboratory and clinical studies to strengthen the immune system. Australia — our principal products sold in the Australian market are: (cid:127) Duromine(cid:4)/Metermine(cid:4) are prescription weight loss drugs that act through appetite suppression. Duromine(cid:4)/Metermine(cid:4) contain the active ingredient, phentermine, in a once daily formulation. (cid:127) Cough and Cold OTC product ranges — we market a range of OTC products in the Australian market that relieve painful conditions of the mouth and throat and also a range of products that provide relief of dry cough and chest congestion sold under the brand names Difflam(cid:4), Duro-Tuss(cid:4) and Rikodeine(cid:4), respectively. (cid:127) Difflam(cid:4) is a market leading product range of lozenges, sprays and gargles for the treatment of sore throats and other painful mouth conditions. (cid:127) Duro-Tuss(cid:4) and Rikodeine(cid:4) are market leading products consisting of lozenges and syrups for the treatment of dry cough and chest congestion. OTC Skin Products — our principal OTC skin products in Australia include Dermaveen(cid:4), a therapeutic skincare range for dry, itchy or sensitive skin using colloidal oatmeal. Emerging Markets The Emerging Markets segment generates product revenues from branded generic pharmaceutical products, as well as OTC products and agency/in-licensing arrangements with other research-based pharmaceutical companies (where we distribute and market branded, patented products under long-term, renewable contracts). Products are sold primarily in Europe, Latin America, South Africa and Asia. Europe — The Emerging Markets segment generates revenues in more than 20 countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Products are sold primarily in Poland, Serbia, and Russia. Our strategy is to develop and commercialize modern, high value-added branded generics and OTC products which represent a quality, affordable alternative to brand name counterparts. Our European products are sold largely under the Valeant umbrella brand, although in those countries where the brand names of legacy companies still resonate with healthcare professionals and consumers, we have chosen for certain products to retain on our packaging the logos of some of the historical companies that make up Valeant Europe — ICN Polfa (Poland), PharmaSwiss (Serbia), Sanitas (Lithuania) and Jelfa (Poland and Russia). In March 2012, we acquired certain assets from Gerot Lannach, a branded generics pharmaceutical company based in Austria. Approximately 90% of sales relating to the acquired assets are in Russia, with sales also made in certain Commonwealth of Independent States (‘‘CIS’’) countries, including Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Gerot Lannach’s largest product is acetylsalicylic acid, a low dose aspirin. In the second half of 2012, we also acquired several well-developed OTC products for the Polish market. Our combined European branded generics business now covers a broad range of treatments, including antibiotics, treatments for cardiovascular and neurological diseases, dermatological products and diabetic therapies among many others, as well as a broad range of various OTC products. We have significantly strengthened our presence in OTC markets and from a geographical footprint perspective in Russia and CIS countries. Our largest products are Bisocard(cid:5), a Beta-blocker that is indicated to treat hypertension and angina pectoris, Thrombo AS(cid:5) and Cardiopirin(cid:5) (low dose aspirin) and Monopril(cid:4) (fosinopril). 6 Latin America — The Emerging Markets segment generates revenues from branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products in Mexico and Brazil and exports out of Mexico to other Latin American markets. Our branded generic and generic products in Mexico and Brazil are developed when patents or other regulatory exclusivity no longer protect an originator’s brand product. Our branded generic products in Mexico are primarily marketed in this region to physicians and pharmacies through sales professionals under the Grossman, Valeant, and Tecnofarma brands. Our Tecnofarma generic portfolio is primarily sold through Mexico’s Government Health Care System, which awards its business through a tender process. In May 2012, we acquired certain assets from Atlantis, including products in gastro, analgesics and anti-inflammatory therapeutic categories. Our portfolio in Mexico and Brazil covers a broad range of therapeutic classes including vitamin deficiency, antibacterials and dermatology. In Mexico, our largest product is Bedoyecta(cid:4), a brand of vitamin B complex (B1, B6 and B12 vitamins) products. Bedoyecta(cid:4) products act as energy improvement agents for fatigue related to age or chronic diseases, and as nervous system maintenance agents to treat neurotic pain and neuropathy. Bedoyecta(cid:4) is sold in an injectable form, as well as in a tablet form, in Mexico and has strong brand recognition in Mexico. Our second largest product, M.V.I.(cid:4), multi-vitamin infusion, is a hospital dietary supplement used in treating trauma and burns. In Brazil, our primary pharmaceutical products include a generic product which contains Isotretinoine Soft Capsules used in treating acne, Melleril(cid:4), an anti-psychotic product used in treating anxiety, depression, and other related disorders, and Tandene(cid:4), which contains acetaminophen used in treating fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. Our branded generic products in Brazil are primarily marketed to pharmacies and wholesalers. In addition, in February 2012, we acquired Probiotica, a company that markets a line of OTC sports nutrition products and other food supplements in Brazil. Probiotica’s primary brands include Monster Extreme Black(cid:5), containing amino acids, proteins, minerals, carbohydrates and caffeine, providing energy and muscle strength, and 100% Pure Whey(cid:5), containing concentrated whey protein, amino acids and prebiotic formula, recommended to build and recover muscles. South Africa — our principal products sold in South Africa are: (cid:127) Duromine(cid:4) is a prescription weight loss drug that act through appetite suppression. Duromine(cid:4) contains the active ingredient, phentermine, in a once daily formulation. (cid:127) Cough and Cold OTC product ranges — we market a range of OTC products that relieve painful conditions of the mouth and throat and also a range of products that provide relief of coughs sold under the brand names Andolex(cid:4) and Pholtex(cid:4), respectively. (cid:127) Andolex(cid:4) is a market leading product range of lozenges, sprays and gargles for the treatment of sore throats and other painful mouth conditions. (cid:127) Pholtex(cid:4) is a market leading products consisting of syrups for the treatment of dry and chesty cough. Asia — our principal products sold in Asia are: (cid:127) Cough and Cold OTC product ranges — we market a range of prescription and OTC products that relieve painful conditions of the mouth and throat and also a range of products that provide relief of coughs sold under the brand names Difflam(cid:4) and Duro-Tuss(cid:4), respectively. (cid:127) Difflam(cid:4) is a product range of lozenges, sprays and gargles for the treatment of sore throats and other painful mouth conditions. (cid:127) Duro-Tuss(cid:4) is a product range consisting of syrups for the treatment of dry cough and chest congestion. (cid:127) Tambocor(cid:4) is a prescription medicine indicated for life-threatening ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, and for the treatment of refractory supraventricular tachycardia. Tambocor(cid:4) contains the active ingredient flecainide acetate. (cid:127) Norgesic(cid:4) is a prescription medicine for the treatment of muscle spasms and tension headaches. It contains the active ingredient orphenadrine and paracetamol. 7 Planned Change in Segment Structure With the acquisition of Medicis in December 2012, we will manage our business differently beginning in 2013. As a result, effective in 2013, we will have two operating segments: Developed Markets and Emerging Markets. Developed Markets will include our U.S. promoted and neurology/other businesses, as well as our Canada and Australia businesses. Emerging Markets will include our Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, and Southeast Asia/South Africa businesses. For detailed information regarding the revenues, operating profits and identifiable assets attributable to our segments, see note 26 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. Collaboration Agreements See note 5 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for detailed information regarding our License and Collaboration Agreement with GSK, joint ventures with Meda AB, collaboration and option agreements with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and collaboration agreements assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition. Research and Development Our research and development organization focuses on the development of products through clinical trials. We currently have (or had during 2012) a number of compounds in clinical development including: ezogabine/retigabine, Luliconazole, Metronidazole 1.3%, IDP-108, IDP-118 and certain life-cycle management projects. Our research and development expenses for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $79.1 million, $65.7 million and $68.3 million, respectively, excluding impairment charges. As of December 31, 2012, approximately 400 employees (including regulatory affairs and quality assurance employees) were involved in our research and development efforts. For more information regarding our products in clinical development, see Item 7 titled ‘‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation — Products in Development’’ of this Form 10-K. Trademarks, Patents and Proprietary Rights Trademarks We believe that trademark protection is an important part of establishing product and brand recognition. We own a number of registered trademarks and trademark applications. U.S. federal registrations for trademarks remain in force for 10 years and may be renewed every 10 years after issuance, provided the mark is still being used in commerce. Data and Patent Exclusivity We rely on a combination of regulatory and patent rights to protect the value of our investment in the development of our products. A patent is the grant of a property right which allows its holder to exclude others from, among other things, selling the subject invention in, or importing such invention into, the jurisdiction that granted the patent. In the U.S., Canada and the European Union, patents expire 20 years from the date of application. We have obtained, acquired or in-licensed a number of patents and patent applications covering key aspects of our principal products. However, we do not consider any single patent material to our business as a whole. In the U.S., the Hatch-Waxman Act provides nonpatent regulatory exclusivity for five years from the date of the first FDA approval of a new drug compound in a New Drug Application (‘‘NDA’’). The FDA is prohibited during those five years from approving a generic, or ANDA, that references the NDA. Protection under the Hatch-Waxman Act will not prevent the filing or approval of another full NDA. However, the NDA applicant would be required to conduct its own pre-clinical, adequate and well-controlled clinical trials to independently demonstrate safety and effectiveness. 8 A similar data exclusivity scheme exists in the European Union, whereby only the pioneer drug company can use data obtained at the pioneer’s expense for up to eight years from the date of the first approval of a drug by the European Medicines Agency (‘‘EMA’’) and no generic drug can be marketed for ten years from the approval of the innovator product. Under both the U.S. and the European Union data exclusivity programs, products without patent protection can be marketed by others so long as they repeat the clinical trials necessary to show safety and efficacy. Canada employs a similar regulatory regime. Under the Orphan Drug Act, the FDA may designate a product as an orphan drug if it is a drug intended to treat a disease or condition that affects populations of fewer than 200,000 individuals in the U.S. or a disease whose incidence rates number more than 200,000 where the sponsor establishes that it does not realistically anticipate that its product sales will be sufficient to recover its costs. The sponsor that obtains the first marketing approval for a designated orphan drug for a given rare disease is eligible to receive marketing exclusivity for use of that drug for the orphan indication for a period of seven years. Proprietary Know-How We also rely upon unpatented proprietary know-how and technological innovation in the development and manufacture of many of our principal products. Government Regulations Government authorities in the U.S., at the federal, state and local level, in Canada and in other countries extensively regulate, among other things, the research, development, testing, approval, manufacturing, labeling, post-approval monitoring and reporting, packaging, promotion, storage, advertising, distribution, marketing and export and import of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals and the subsequent compliance with applicable federal, state, local and foreign statutes and regulations require the expenditure of substantial time and financial resources. FDA approval must be obtained in the U.S., approval of Health Canada must be obtained in Canada, EMA approval must be obtained for countries that are part of the European Union and approval must be obtained from comparable agencies in other countries prior to marketing or manufacturing new pharmaceutical products or medical devices for use by humans. Regulation by other federal agencies, such as the Drug Enforcement Administration (‘‘DEA’’), and state and local authorities in the United States, and by comparable agencies in certain foreign countries, is also required. The FTC, the FDA and state and local authorities regulate the advertising of medical devices, prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs and cosmetics. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended (‘‘FDCA’’) and the regulations promulgated thereunder, and other federal and state statutes and regulations, govern, among other things, the testing, manufacture, safety, effectiveness, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, sale, distribution, advertising and promotion of our products. The FDA requires a Boxed Warning (sometimes referred to as a ‘‘Black Box’’ Warning) for products that have shown a significant risk of severe or life-threatening adverse events and similar warnings are also required to be displayed on the product in certain other jurisdictions. Manufacturers of drug products and medical devices are required to comply with manufacturing regulations, including current good manufacturing regulations enforced by the FDA and Health Canada and similar regulations enforced by regulatory agencies outside the U.S. and Canada. In addition, we are subject to price control restrictions on our pharmaceutical products in many countries in which we operate. We are also subject to extensive U.S. federal and state health care marketing and fraud and abuse regulations, such as the federal False Claims Act, Federal and Provincial marketing regulation in Canada and similar regulations in foreign countries in which we may conduct our business. The federal False Claims Act imposes civil and criminal liability on individuals or entities who submit (or cause the submission of) false or fraudulent claims for payment to the government. If our operations are found to be in violation of any of these laws, regulations, rules or policies or any other law or governmental regulation, or if interpretations of the foregoing change, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, exclusion from the Medicare and Medicaid programs and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations. 9 Environmental Regulation We are subject to national, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those governing the handling and disposal of hazardous wastes, wastewater, solid waste and other environmental matters. Our development and manufacturing activities involve the controlled use of hazardous materials. Marketing and Customers Our four major geographic markets by country are: the U.S., Canada, Poland and Australia. The following table identifies external customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenue during the year ended December 31, 2012: Percentage of Total Revenue 2012 McKesson Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cardinal Health, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20% 20% No other customer generated over 10% of our total revenues. We currently promote our pharmaceutical products to physicians, hospitals, pharmacies and wholesalers through our own sales force and sell through wholesalers. In some limited markets, we additionally sell directly to physicians, hospitals and large drug store chains and we sell through distributors in countries where we do not have our own sales staff. As part of our marketing program for pharmaceuticals, we use direct mailings, advertise in trade and medical periodicals, exhibit products at medical conventions and sponsor medical education symposia. Competition Competitive Landscape for Products and Products in Development Our competitors include specialty and large pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, OTC companies and generic manufacturers, both in the U.S., Canada and abroad. The dermatology competitive landscape is highly fragmented, with a large number of mid-size and smaller companies competing in both the prescription sector and the OTC and cosmeceutical sectors. Our competitors are pursuing the development and/or acquisition of pharmaceuticals and OTC products that target the same diseases and conditions that we are targeting in dermatology, neurology and other therapeutic areas. Academic and other research and development institutions may also develop products or technologies that compete with our products, which technologies and products may be acquired or licensed by our competitors. We sell a broad range of products, and competitive factors vary by product line and geographic area in which the products are sold. Generic Competition We face increased competition from manufacturers of generic pharmaceutical products when patents covering certain of our currently marketed products expire or are successfully challenged. Generic versions are generally significantly less expensive than branded versions, and, where available, may be required in preference to the branded version under third-party reimbursement programs, or substituted by pharmacies. If competitors introduce new products, delivery systems or processes with therapeutic or cost advantages, our products can be subject to progressive price reductions or decreased volume of sales, or both. Most new products that we introduce must compete with other products already on the market or products that are later developed by competitors. Manufacturers of generic pharmaceuticals typically invest far less in research and development than research-based pharmaceutical companies and therefore can price their products significantly lower than branded products. Accordingly, when a branded product loses its market exclusivity, it normally faces intense price competition from generic forms of the product. To successfully compete for business with managed care 10 and pharmacy benefits management organizations, we must often demonstrate that our products offer not only medical benefits but also cost advantages as compared with other forms of care. A number of our products already face generic competition, including Wellbutrin XL(cid:4), Ultram(cid:4) ER and Diastat(cid:4), all of which had generic competitors during 2012. In March 2012, a generic version of Cesamet(cid:4) was introduced by a competitor in Canada. With the expiration of the last patent covering the Cardizem(cid:4) CD 360mg SKU, we anticipate increased generic competition for this dosage strength of this product, which currently only has one approved generic competitor. In the U.S., Zovirax(cid:4) does not currently have generic competition, but is not protected by patent or regulatory exclusivity. Given the FDA’s draft guidance on acyclovir ointment, which would permit the approval by the FDA of an ANDA for acyclovir ointment referencing Zovirax(cid:4) ointment on the basis of in vitro studies only, and the FDA’s denial of our Citizen’s Petition with respect thereto, we anticipate that we may face increased generic competition for this product. In addition, for a number of our products, we have commenced infringement proceedings against potential generic competitors in the U.S. and Canada. If we are not successful in these proceedings, we may face increased generic competition for these products. See note 24 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for additional details regarding such potential infringement proceedings. Manufacturing We currently operate 16 manufacturing plants worldwide. All of our manufacturing facilities that require certification from the FDA, Health Canada or foreign agencies have obtained such approval. We also subcontract the manufacturing of certain of our products, including products manufactured under the rights acquired from other pharmaceutical companies. Generally, acquired products continue to be produced for a specific period of time by the selling company. During that time, we integrate the products into our own manufacturing facilities or initiate toll manufacturing agreements with third parties. Products representing the majority of our product sales are produced by third party manufacturers under toll manufacturing arrangements. In some cases, the principal raw materials, including active pharmaceutical ingredient, used by us (or our third party manufacturers) for our various products are purchased in the open market or are otherwise available from several sources. However, some of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and other raw materials are currently available from a single source and others may in the future become available from only one source. In addition, in some cases, only a single source of such active pharmaceutical ingredient is identified in filings with regulatory agencies, including the FDA, and cannot be changed without prior regulatory approval. Any disruption in the supply of any such active pharmaceutical ingredient or other raw material or an increase in the cost of such material could adversely impact our ability to manufacture such products, the ability of our third party manufacturers to supply us with such products, or our profitability. We attempt to manage the risks associated with reliance on single sources of active pharmaceutical ingredient or other raw materials by carrying additional inventories or, where possible, developing second sources of supply. Employees As of December 31, 2012, we had approximately 7,000 employees. These employees included approximately 3,300 in production, 2,700 in sales and marketing, 400 in research and development and 600 in general and administrative positions. Collective bargaining exists for some employees in a number of markets. We consider our relations with our employees to be good and have not experienced any work stoppages, slowdowns or other serious labor problems that have materially impeded our business operations. Product Liability Insurance We have product liability insurance to cover damages resulting from the use of our products. We have in place clinical trial insurance in the major markets where we conduct clinical trials. 11 Seasonality of Business Historically, revenues from our business tend to be weighted slightly toward the second half of the year. This trend is driven by the third quarter ‘‘back to school’’ period which impacts demand for certain of our dermatology products. Further, sales in the fourth quarter tend to be higher based on the purchasing patterns of our customer base. However, as we continue our strategy of selective acquisitions to expand our product portfolio, there are no assurances that these historical trends will continue in the future. Geographic Areas A significant portion of our revenues is generated from operations or otherwise earned outside the U.S. and Canada. All of our foreign operations are subject to risks inherent in conducting business abroad, including price and currency exchange controls, fluctuations in the relative values of currencies, political and economic instability and restrictive governmental actions including possible nationalization or expropriation. Changes in the relative values of currencies may materially affect our results of operations. For a discussion of these risks, see Item 1A., Risk Factors in this Form 10-K. See note 26 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for detailed information regarding revenues by geographic area. A material portion of our revenue and income is earned in Bermuda, Ireland, Luxembourg and Switzerland, which have low tax rates. See Item 1A., Risk Factors in this Form 10-K relating to tax rates. Available Information Our Internet address is www.valeant.com. We post links on our website to the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the SEC: annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendment to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All such filings are available through our website free of charge. The information on our Internet website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K or our other securities filings and is not a part of such filings. We are also required to file reports and other information with the securities commissions in all provinces in Canada. You are invited to read and copy any reports, statements or other information, other than confidential filings, that we file with the provincial securities commissions. These filings are also electronically available from the Canadian System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (‘‘SEDAR’’) (http://www.sedar.com), the Canadian equivalent of the SEC’s electronic document gathering and retrieval system. Our filings may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F. Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC. 12 Item 1A. Risk Factors Our business, operations and financial condition are subject to various risks and uncertainties. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Form 10-K, including those risks set forth under the heading entitled ‘‘Forward-Looking Statements’’, and in other documents that we file with the SEC and the CSA, before making any investment decision with respect to our securities. If any of the risks or uncertainties actually occur or develop, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth prospects could change. Under these circumstances, the market value of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment in our securities. Competitive Risks We operate in an extremely competitive industry. If competitors develop or acquire more effective or less costly drugs for our target indications, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Many of our competitors, particularly large pharmaceutical companies, have substantially greater financial, technical and human resources than we do. Many of our competitors spend significantly more on research and development related activities than we do. Others may succeed in developing or acquiring products that are more effective than those currently marketed or proposed for development by us. In addition, academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private organizations conducting research may seek patent protection with respect to potentially competitive products. They may also establish exclusive collaborative or licensing relationships with our competitors. We have faced generic competition in the past and expect to face additional generic competition in the future. Generic competition of our products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Upon the expiration or loss of patent protection for our products, or upon the ‘‘at-risk’’ launch (despite pending patent infringement litigation against the generic product) by a generic competitor of a generic version of our products, we can lose a significant portion of sales of that product in a very short period, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Products representing a significant amount of our revenue are not protected by patent or data exclusivity rights or are nearing the end of their exclusivity period. A significant number of the products we sell have no meaningful exclusivity protection via patent or data exclusivity rights or are protected by patents that will be expiring in the near future. These products represent a significant amount of our revenues. Without exclusivity protection, competitors face fewer barriers in introducing competing products. The introduction of competing products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Acquisition-related Risks We have grown at a very rapid pace. Our inability to properly manage or support this growth could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. We have grown very rapidly over the past few years as a result of our acquisitions. This growth has put significant demands on our processes, systems and people. We have made and expect to make further investments in additional personnel, systems and internal control processes to help manage our growth. If we are unable to successfully manage and support our rapid growth and the challenges and difficulties associated with managing a larger, more complex business, this could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations, and the market value of our common stock could decline. 13 We may be unable to identify, acquire, close or integrate acquisition targets successfully. Part of our business strategy includes acquiring and integrating complementary businesses, products, technologies or other assets, and forming strategic alliances, joint ventures and other business combinations, to help drive future growth. We may also in-license new products or compounds. Acquisitions or similar arrangements may be complex, time consuming and expensive. We may not consummate some negotiations for acquisitions or other arrangements, which could result in significant diversion of management and other employee time, as well as substantial out-of-pocket costs. In addition, there are a number of risks and uncertainties relating to our closing transactions. If such transactions are not completed for any reason, we will be subject to several risks, including the following: (i) the market price of our common shares may reflect a market assumption that such transactions will occur, and a failure to complete such transactions could result in a negative perception by the market of us generally and a decline in the market price of our common shares; and (ii) many costs relating to the such transactions may be payable by us whether or not such transactions are completed. If an acquisition is consummated (such as our recent acquisition of Medicis), the integration of the acquired business, product or other assets into our company may also be complex and time-consuming and, if such businesses, products and assets are not successfully integrated, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits, cost-savings or growth opportunities. Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include the following: (cid:127) integrating personnel, operations and systems, while maintaining focus on selling and promoting existing and newly-acquired products; (cid:127) coordinating geographically dispersed organizations; (cid:127) distracting management and employees from operations; (cid:127) retaining existing customers and attracting new customers; and (cid:127) managing inefficiencies associated with integrating the operations of the Company. Furthermore, these acquisitions and other arrangements, even if successfully integrated, may fail to further our business strategy as anticipated, expose us to increased competition or challenges with respect to our products or geographic markets, and expose us to additional liabilities associated with an acquired business, product, technology or other asset or arrangement. Any one of these challenges or risks could impair our ability to realize any benefit from our acquisition or arrangement after we have expended resources on them. Tax-related Risks Our effective tax rates may increase. We have operations in various countries that have differing tax laws and rates. Our tax reporting is supported by current domestic tax laws in the countries in which we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting will be, and the historic tax reporting of each of Valeant and Biovail is, subject to audit by domestic and foreign authorities. Our effective tax rate may change from year to year based on changes in the mix of activities and income earned among the different jurisdictions in which we operate; changes in tax laws in these jurisdictions; changes in the tax treaties between various countries in which we operate; changes in our eligibility for benefits under those tax treaties; and changes in the estimated values of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such changes could result in a substantial increase in the effective tax rate on all or a portion of our income. Our provision for income taxes is based on certain estimates and assumptions made by management. Our consolidated income tax rate is affected by the amount of net income earned in our various operating jurisdictions, the availability of benefits under tax treaties, and the rates of taxes payable in respect of that income. We enter into many transactions and arrangements in the ordinary course of business in respect of which the tax treatment is not entirely certain. We therefore make estimates and judgments based on our knowledge and understanding of applicable tax laws and tax treaties, and the application of those tax laws and tax treaties to our business, in determining our consolidated tax provision. For example, certain countries could 14 seek to tax a greater share of income than will be provided for by us. The final outcome of any audits by taxation authorities may differ from the estimates and assumptions that we may use in determining our consolidated tax provisions and accruals. This could result in a material adverse effect on our consolidated income tax provision, financial condition and the net income for the period in which such determinations are made. Our deferred tax liabilities, deferred tax assets and any related valuation allowances are affected by events and transactions arising in the ordinary course of business, acquisitions of assets and businesses, and non-recurring items. The assessment of the appropriate amount of a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets is dependent upon several factors, including estimates of the realization of deferred income tax assets, which realization will be primarily based on forecasts of future taxable income. Significant judgment is applied to determine the appropriate amount of valuation allowance to record. Changes in the amount of any valuation allowance required could materially increase or decrease our provision for income taxes in a given period. Debt-related Risks We have incurred significant indebtedness, which indebtedness may restrict the manner in which we conduct business and limit our ability to implement elements of our growth strategy. We have incurred significant indebtedness, primarily in connection with our acquisitions (including our acquisition of Medicis). We may also incur additional long-term debt and working capital lines of credit to meet future financing needs which, subject to certain restrictions under our indebtedness, would increase our total debt. This indebtedness may restrict the manner in which we conduct business and limit our ability to implement elements of our growth strategy, including with respect to: (cid:127) limitations on our ability to obtain additional debt financing on favorable terms or at all; (cid:127) instances in which we are unable to meet the financial covenants contained in our debt agreements or to generate cash sufficient to make required debt payments, which circumstances would have the potential of resulting in the acceleration of the maturity of some or all of our outstanding indebtedness; (cid:127) the allocation of a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service our debt, thus reducing the amount of our cash flow available for other purposes; (cid:127) requiring us to issue debt or equity securities or to sell some of our core assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, to meet payment obligations; (cid:127) compromising our flexibility to plan for, or react to, competitive challenges in our business; (cid:127) the possibility that we are put at a competitive disadvantage relative to competitors that do not have as much debt as us, and competitors that may be in a more favorable position to access additional capital resources; and (cid:127) limitations on our ability to execute business development activities to support our strategies. In January 2012, Moody’s Investor Services (‘‘Moody’s’’) downgraded our senior secured debt rating from Baa3 to Ba1. At the same time, Moody’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (Ba3) and our senior unsecured debt rating (B1). On September 5, 2012, following the announcement of our planned acquisition of Medicis, Standard & Poor’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (BB) and our senior unsecured debt rating (BB(cid:6)). On September 13, 2012, Moody’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (Ba3) and our senior unsecured debt rating (B1). Increased debt levels could result in further ratings pressure. A further downgrade would increase our cost of borrowing and may negatively affect our ability to raise additional debt capital. To service our debt, we will be required to generate a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control, and any failure to meet our debt service obligations could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have a significant amount of indebtedness. Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend principally upon our future operating performance. As a result, prevailing economic conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, will affect our ability to make payments on our debt. If we do not generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt service obligations, we may have to 15 undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our debt, selling assets, reducing or delaying capital investments or seeking to raise additional capital. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt service obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, would have an adverse effect, which could be material, on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Repayment of our indebtedness is dependent on the generation of cash flow by our subsidiaries and their ability to make such cash available to us, by dividend, debt repayment or otherwise. Our subsidiaries may not be able to, or may not be permitted to, make distributions to enable us to make payments in respect of our indebtedness. Each subsidiary is a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. Certain non-guarantor subsidiaries include non-U.S. subsidiaries that may be prohibited by law or other regulations from distributing funds to us and/or we may be subject to payment of repatriation taxes and withholdings. In the event that we do not receive distributions from our subsidiaries or receive cash via cash repatriation strategies for services rendered and intellectual property, we may be unable to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness. We are exposed to risks related to interest rates. Our Credit Facility bears interest based on U.S. dollar London Interbank Offering Rates, or U.S. Prime Rate, or Federal Funds effective rate. Thus, a change in the short-term interest rate environment could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. As of December 31, 2012, we do not have any outstanding interest rate swap contracts. Risks related to the International Scope of our Business Our business, financial condition and results of operations are subject to risks arising from the international scope of our operations. We conduct a significant portion of our business outside the U.S. and Canada and, in light of our growth strategy, we anticipate continuing to expand our operations into new countries, including emerging markets. We sell our pharmaceutical products in many countries around the world. All of our foreign operations are subject to risks inherent in conducting business abroad, including, among other things: (cid:127) difficulties in coordinating and managing foreign operations, including ensuring that foreign operations comply with foreign laws as well as U.S. laws applicable to U.S. companies with foreign operations, such as export laws and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA; (cid:127) price and currency exchange controls; (cid:127) credit market uncertainty; (cid:127) political and economic instability; (cid:127) compliance with multiple regulatory regimes; (cid:127) differing degrees of protection for intellectual property; (cid:127) unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements, including quality standards and other certification requirements; (cid:127) new export license requirements; (cid:127) adverse changes in tariff and trade protection measures; (cid:127) differing labor regulations; (cid:127) potentially negative consequences from changes in or interpretations of tax laws; (cid:127) restrictive governmental actions; 16 (cid:127) possible nationalization or expropriation; (cid:127) restrictions on the repatriation of funds; (cid:127) difficulties with licensees, contract counterparties, or other commercial partners; and (cid:127) differing local product preferences and product requirements. Any of these factors, or any other international factors, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Due to the large portion of our business conducted in currency other than U.S. dollars, we have significant foreign currency risk. We face foreign currency exposure on the translation into U.S. dollars of the financial results of our operations in Poland and other Eastern European countries, Canada, Australia, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Where possible, we manage foreign currency risk by managing same currency revenue in relation to same currency expenses. As a result, both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency impacts to our foreign currency- denominated operating expenses are mitigated to a certain extent by the natural, opposite impact on our foreign currency-denominated revenue. In addition, the repurchase of principal under our U.S. dollar denominated debt may result in foreign exchange gains or losses for Canadian income tax purposes. One half of any foreign exchange gains or losses will be included in our Canadian taxable income. Any foreign exchange gain will result in a corresponding reduction in our available Canadian Non-Capital Losses, Scientific Research and Experimental Development Pool, and/or Investment Tax Credit carryforward balances. The general business and economic conditions in the U.S., Canada, Central and Eastern Europe, Australia, Latin America and other countries in which we conduct business could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and capital resources, revenues and operating results, which could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. We may be impacted by general economic conditions and factors over which we have no control, such as changes in inflation, interest rates and foreign currency rates, lack of liquidity in certain markets and volatility in capital markets. Similarly, adverse economic conditions impacting our customers or uncertainty about global economic conditions could cause purchases of our products to decline, which would adversely affect our revenues and operating results. Moreover, our projected revenues and operating results are based on assumptions concerning certain levels of customer spending. Any failure to attain our projected revenues and operating results as a result of adverse economic or market conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Employment-related Risks We must continue to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees, and failure to do so could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. We must continue to retain, motivate and recruit executives, including our Chief Executive Officer, J. Michael Pearson, and other key employees. A failure by us to retain and motivate executives and other key employees could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Risks related to Legal Proceedings We may become involved in infringement actions which are uncertain, costly and time-consuming and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. The pharmaceutical industry historically has generated substantial litigation concerning the manufacture, use and sale of products and we expect this litigation activity to continue. As a result, we expect that patents related to our products will be routinely challenged, and our patents may not be upheld. In order to protect or 17 enforce patent rights, we may initiate litigation against third parties. If we are not successful in defending an attack on our patents and maintaining exclusive rights to market one or more of our products still under patent protection, we could lose a significant portion of sales in a very short period. We may also become subject to infringement claims by third parties and may have to defend against charges that we violated patents or the proprietary rights of third parties. If we infringe the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell products, including our generic products, or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties. The outcomes of infringement action are uncertain and infringement actions are costly and divert technical and management personnel from their normal responsibilities. If our products cause, or are alleged to cause, serious or widespread personal injury, we may have to withdraw those products from the market and/or incur significant costs, including payment of substantial sums in damages, and we may be subject to exposure relating to product liability claims. We face an inherent business risk of exposure to significant product liability and other claims in the event that the use of our products caused, or is alleged to have caused, adverse effects. Furthermore, our products may cause, or may appear to have caused, adverse side effects (including death) or potentially dangerous drug interactions that we may not learn about or understand fully until the drug has been administered to patients for some time. The withdrawal of a product following complaints and/or incurring significant costs, including the requirement to pay substantial damages in personal injury cases or product liability cases, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Our product liability insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover our claims and we may not be able to obtain sufficient coverage at a reasonable cost in the future. We are involved in various legal proceedings that could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. We are involved in several legal proceedings. Defending against claims and any unfavorable legal decisions, settlements or orders could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Regulatory Risks Obtaining necessary government approvals is time consuming and not assured. The FDA and Health Canada approval must be obtained in the U.S. and Canada, respectively, and approval must be obtained from comparable agencies in other countries, prior to marketing or manufacturing new pharmaceutical products for use by humans. Obtaining FDA, Health Canada and other regulatory approval for new products and manufacturing processes can take a number of years and involves the expenditure of substantial resources. Even if such products appear promising in large-scale Phase 3 clinical trials, regulatory approval may not be achieved and no assurance can be given that we will obtain approval in the U.S., Canada or any other country. Nor can any assurance be given that if such approval is secured, the approved labeling will not have significant labeling limitations, including limitations on the indications for which we can market a product, or require onerous risk management programs. Our marketed drugs will be subject to ongoing regulatory review. Following initial regulatory approval of any drugs we or our partners may develop, we will be subject to continuing regulatory review by the FDA, the Health Canada and other regulatory authorities in countries where our products are marketed or intended to be marketed, including the review of adverse drug events and clinical results that are reported after product candidates become commercially available. The manufacturing, labeling, packaging, storage, distribution, advertising, promotion, reporting and recordkeeping related to the product will also be subject to extensive ongoing regulatory requirements. If we fail to comply with U.S. and Canadian regulatory requirements and those in other countries where our products are sold, we could lose our marketing approvals or be subject to fines or other sanctions. In addition, incidents of adverse drug reactions, unintended side effects or misuse relating to our products could result in additional regulatory controls or restrictions, or even lead to withdrawal of a product from the market. As a condition to granting marketing approval of a product, the FDA and Health Canada may require a company to conduct additional clinical trials, 18 the results of which could result in the subsequent loss of marketing approval, changes in product labeling or new or increased concerns about side effects or efficacy of a product. Our marketing, promotional and pricing practices, as well as the manner in which sales forces interact with purchasers, prescribers and patients, are subject to extensive regulation and any material failure to comply could result in significant sanctions against us. The marketing, promotional, and pricing practices of pharmaceutical companies, as well as the manner in which companies, in-house or third-party sales forces interact with purchasers, prescribers, and patients, are subject to extensive regulation, enforcement of which may result in the imposition of civil and/or criminal penalties, injunctions, and/or limitations on marketing practice for our products. Many companies, including us and Medicis, have been the subject of claims related to these practices asserted by federal authorities. These claims have resulted in fines and other consequences. We are now operating under a Corporate Integrity Agreement (‘‘CIA’’) that requires us to maintain a comprehensive compliance program governing our sales, marketing and government pricing and contracting functions. Material failures to comply with the CIA could result in significant sanctions against us, including monetary penalties and exclusion from federal health care programs. Companies may not promote drugs for ‘‘off-label’’ uses — that is, uses that are not described in the product’s labeling and that differ from those approved by the FDA, Health Canada or other applicable regulatory agencies. A company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability, including civil and administrative remedies as well as criminal sanctions. In addition, management’s attention could be diverted from our business operations and our reputation could be damaged. We will not be able to commercialize our pipeline products if preclinical studies do not produce successful results or if clinical trials do not demonstrate safety and efficacy in humans. We and our development partners, as applicable, conduct extensive preclinical studies and clinical trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy in humans of our pipeline products in order to obtain regulatory approval for the sale of our pipeline products. Preclinical studies and clinical trials are expensive, can take many years and have uncertain outcomes. For certain of our products, we depend on reimbursement from third party payors and a reduction in the extent of reimbursement could reduce our product sales and revenue. Sales of certain of our products are dependent, in part, on the availability and extent of reimbursement from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations and our continued participation in such programs. Changes in government regulations or private third-party payors’ reimbursement policies may reduce reimbursement for our products and adversely affect our future results. Failure to be included in formularies developed by managed care organizations and other organizations may negatively impact the utilization of our products, which could harm our market share and negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Managed care organizations and other third-party payors try to negotiate the pricing of medical services and products to control their costs. Managed care organizations and pharmacy benefit managers typically develop formularies to reduce their cost for medications. Formularies can be based on the prices and therapeutic benefits of the available products. Due to their lower costs, generic products are often favored. The breadth of the products covered by formularies varies considerably from one managed care organization to another, and many formularies include alternative and competitive products for treatment of particular medical conditions. Failure to be included in such formularies or to achieve favorable formulary status may negatively impact the utilization of our products. If our products are not included within an adequate number of formularies or adequate reimbursement levels are not provided, or if those policies increasingly favor generic products, our market share and gross margins could be harmed, as could our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 19 Manufacturing and Supply Risks If we or our third-party manufacturers are unable to manufacture our products or the manufacturing process is interrupted due to failure to comply with regulations or for other reasons, the interruption of the manufacture of our products could adversely affect our business. Other manufacturing and supply difficulties or delays may also adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Our manufacturing facilities and those of our contract manufacturers must be inspected and found to be in full compliance with current good manufacturing practices (‘‘cGMP’’) or similar standards before approval for marketing. Our failure or that of our contract manufacturers to comply with cGMP regulations or similar regulations outside of the U.S. can result in enforcement action by the FDA or its foreign counterparts, including, but not limited to, warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil or criminal penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production or importation, suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approval for approved or in-market products, refusal of the government to renew marketing applications or approve pending applications or supplements, suspension of ongoing clinical trials, imposition of new manufacturing requirements, closure of facilities and criminal prosecution. Our manufacturing and other processes use complicated and sophisticated equipment, which sometimes requires a significant amount of time to obtain and install. Manufacturing complexity, testing requirements and safety and security processes combine to increase the overall difficulty of manufacturing these products and resolving manufacturing problems that we may encounter. Although we endeavor to properly maintain our equipment, including through on-site quality control and experienced manufacturing supervision, and have key spare parts on hand, our business could suffer if certain manufacturing or other equipment, or all or a portion of our facilities, were to become inoperable for a period of time. This could occur for various reasons, including catastrophic events, such as hurricanes, earthquakes or other natural disasters, explosions, environmental accidents, pandemics, quarantine, equipment failures or delays in obtaining components or replacements, construction delays or defects and other events, both within and outside of our control. We could experience substantial production delays in the event of any such occurrence until we build or locate replacement equipment or a replacement facility, as applicable, and seek to obtain necessary regulatory approvals for such replacement. Any interruption in our manufacture of products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Our dependence upon others to manufacture our products may adversely affect our profit margins and our ability to develop and obtain approval for our products on a timely and competitive basis, if at all. In addition, delays or difficulties by us or with our contract manufacturers in producing, packaging, or distributing our products could adversely affect the sales of our current products or introduction of other products. The supply of our products to our customers is subject to and dependent upon the use of transportation services. Disruption of transportation services could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. If we are unable to obtain components or raw materials, or products supplied by third parties, our ability to manufacture and deliver our products to the market would be impeded, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Some components and raw materials used in our manufactured products, and some products sold by us, are currently available only from one or a limited number of domestic or foreign suppliers. In the event an existing supplier becomes unavailable through business interruption or financial insolvency or loses its regulatory status as an approved source or we are unable to renew current supply agreements when such agreements expire and we do not have a second supplier, we may be unable to obtain the required components, raw materials or products on a timely basis or at commercially reasonable prices. A prolonged interruption in the supply of a single-sourced raw material, including the active pharmaceutical ingredient, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. 20 Commercialization and Distribution Risks Our approved products may not achieve or maintain expected levels of market acceptance. Even if we are able to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for our new pharmaceutical products, generic or branded, the success of these products is dependent upon achieving and maintaining market acceptance. Commercializing products is time consuming, expensive and unpredictable. There can be no assurance that we will be able to, either by ourselves or in collaboration with our partners or through our licensees, successfully commercialize new products or gain market acceptance for such products. New product candidates that appear promising in development may fail to reach the market or may have only limited or no commercial success. Levels of market acceptance for our new products could be impacted by several factors, many of which are not within our control, including but not limited to the: (cid:127) safety, efficacy, convenience and cost-effectiveness of our products compared to products of our competitors; (cid:127) scope of approved uses and marketing approval; (cid:127) timing of market approvals and market entry; (cid:127) availability of alternative products from our competitors; (cid:127) acceptance of the price of our products; and (cid:127) ability to market our products effectively at the retail level or in the appropriate setting of care. Further, the discovery of significant problems with a product similar to one of our products that implicate (or are perceived to implicate) an entire class of products could have an adverse effect on sales of the affected products. Accordingly, new data about our products, or products similar to our products, could negatively impact demand for our products due to real or perceived side effects or uncertainty regarding efficacy and, in some cases, could result in product withdrawal. Our business may be impacted by seasonality, which may cause our operating results and financial condition to fluctuate. Demand for certain of our products may be impacted by seasonality. In particular, demand for certain of our dermatology products tends to increase during the third quarter ‘‘back to school’’ period. In addition, sales in the fourth quarter tend to be higher based on the purchasing patterns of our customer base. This seasonality may cause our operating results to fluctuate. Furthermore, there are no assurances that these historical trends will continue in the future. We have entered into distribution agreements with other companies to distribute certain of our products at supply prices based on net sales. Declines in the pricing and/or volume, over which we have no or limited control, of such products, and therefore the amounts paid to us, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Certain of our generic products and certain of our other products are the subject of various agreements, pursuant to which we manufacture and sell products to other companies, which distribute such products at a supply price typically based on net sales. Our ability to control pricing and volume of these products is limited and, in some cases, these companies make all distribution and pricing decisions independently of us. If the pricing or volume of such products declines, our revenues would be adversely impacted which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. 21 Risks related to Specific Legislation and Regulations We are subject to various laws and regulations, including ‘‘fraud and abuse’’ laws, anti-bribery laws, environmental laws and privacy and security regulations, and a failure to comply with such laws and regulations or prevail in any litigation related to noncompliance could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies have faced lawsuits and investigations pertaining to violations of health care ‘‘fraud and abuse’’ laws, such as the federal False Claims Act, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (‘‘FCPA’’) and other state and federal laws and regulations. We also face increasingly strict data privacy and security laws in the U.S. and in other countries, the violation of which could result in fines and other sanctions. The United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of increasingly states, require pharmaceutical companies to have Inspector General recommends and, comprehensive compliance programs and to disclose certain payments made to healthcare providers or funds spent on marketing and promotion of drug products. While we have developed corporate compliance programs based on what we believe to be current best practices, we cannot assure you that we or our employees or agents are or will be in compliance with all applicable federal, state or foreign regulations and laws. If we are in violation of any of these requirements or any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant impact on our business, including the imposition of significant fines, exclusion from federal healthcare programs or other sanctions. The FCPA and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Our policies mandate compliance with these anti-bribery laws. We operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices or may require us to interact with doctors and hospitals, some of which may be state controlled, in a manner that is different than in the U.S. and Canada. We cannot assure you that our internal control policies and procedures will protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or agents. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our business and result in criminal or civil penalties or remedial measures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. We are subject to laws and regulations concerning the environment, safety matters, regulation of chemicals and product safety in the countries where we manufacture and sell our products or otherwise operate our business. These requirements include regulation of the handling, manufacture, transportation, use and disposal of materials, including the discharge of pollutants into the environment. In the normal course of our business, hazardous substances may be released into the environment, which could cause environmental or property damage or personal injuries, and which could subject us to remediation obligations regarding contaminated soil and groundwater or potential liability for damage claims. Under certain laws, we may be required to remediate contamination at certain of our properties regardless of whether the contamination was caused by us or by previous occupants of the property or by others. In recent years, the operations of all companies have become subject to increasingly stringent legislation and regulation related to occupational safety and health, product registration and environmental protection. Such legislation and regulations are complex and constantly changing, and future changes in laws or regulations may require us to install additional controls for certain of our emission sources, to undertake changes in our manufacturing processes or to remediate soil or groundwater contamination at facilities where such cleanup is not currently required. We are also subject to various privacy and security regulations, including but not limited to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009 (as amended, ‘‘HIPAA’’). HIPAA mandates, among other things, the adoption of uniform standards for the electronic exchange of information in common health care transactions (e.g., health care claims information and plan eligibility, referral certification and authorization, claims status, plan enrollment, coordination of benefits and related information), as well as standards relating to the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information, which require the adoption of administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect such information. In addition, many states have enacted comparable 22 laws addressing the privacy and security of health information, some of which are more stringent than HIPAA. Failure to comply with these laws can result in the imposition of significant civil and criminal penalties. The costs of compliance with these laws and the potential liability associated with the failure to comply with these laws could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Legislative or regulatory reform of the healthcare system may affect our ability to sell our products profitably and could adversely affect our business. In the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to change the healthcare system in ways that could impact our ability to sell our products profitably. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (the ‘‘Health Care Reform Act’’) may affect the operational results of companies in the pharmaceutical industry, including the Company and other healthcare related industries, by imposing on them additional costs. Effective January 1, 2010, the Health Care Reform Act increased the minimum Medicaid drug rebates for pharmaceutical companies, expanded the 340B drug discount program, and made changes to affect the Medicare Part D coverage gap, or ‘‘donut hole’’. The law also revised the definition of ‘‘average manufacturer price’’ for reporting purposes, which has the potential to affect the amount of our Medicaid drug rebates to states. Beginning in 2011, the law imposed a significant annual fee on companies that manufacture or import branded prescription drug products. The Health Care Reform Act also added substantial new provisions affecting compliance, some of which may require us to modify our business practices with health care practitioners. Pharmaceutical manufacturers are required in 2013 to comply with the federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, which was passed as part of the Act and requires pharmaceutical companies to monitor and report payments, gifts, the provision of samples and other remuneration made to physicians and other health care professionals and health care organizations. We are unable to predict the future course of federal or state health care legislation. A variety of federal and state agencies are in the process of implementing the Health Care Reform Act, including through the issuance of rules, regulations or guidance that materially affect our business. The risk of our being found in violation of these rules and regulations is increased by the fact that many of them have not been fully interpreted by applicable regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of interpretations. The Health Care Reform Act and further changes to health care laws or regulatory framework that reduce our revenues or increase our costs could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and cash flows, and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. Other Risks Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate. Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate from quarter to quarter for a number of reasons. The following events or occurrences, among others, could cause fluctuations in our financial performance from period to period: (cid:127) development and launch of new competitive products; (cid:127) the timing and receipt of FDA approvals or lack of approvals; (cid:127) costs related to business development transactions; (cid:127) changes in the amount we spend to promote our products; (cid:127) delays between our expenditures to acquire new products, technologies or businesses and the generation of revenues from those acquired products, technologies or businesses; (cid:127) changes in treatment practices of physicians that currently prescribe certain of our products; (cid:127) increases in the cost of raw materials used to manufacture our products; (cid:127) manufacturing and supply interruptions; (cid:127) our responses to price competition; 23 (cid:127) expenditures as a result of legal actions, including the defense of our patents and other intellectual property; (cid:127) market acceptance of our products; (cid:127) the timing of wholesaler and distributor purchases; (cid:127) increases in insurance rates for existing products and the cost of insurance for new products; (cid:127) general economic and industry conditions; and (cid:127) changes in seasonality of demand for certain of our products. As a result, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of results from operations, or any other similar period-to-period comparisons, should not be construed as reliable indicators of our future performance. The above factors may cause our operating results to fluctuate and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In any quarterly period, our results may be below the expectations of market analysts and investors, which would likely cause the trading price of our common stock to decrease. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. 24 Item 2. Properties We believe that we have sufficient facilities to conduct our operations during 2013. The following table lists the location, use, size and ownership interest of our principal properties: Location Purpose Montreal, Quebec, Canada . . . . . . . . . . Corporate Headquarters Bridgewater, New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . Administration Christ Church, Barbados(1) . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial, IP and strategic planning U.S. Dermatology and U.S. Neurology and Other Petaluma, California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and laboratories Scottsdale, Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices Horsham, Pensylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Owned or Leased Leased Leased Owned Approximate Square Footage 79,000 110,000 23,000 Leased Leased Leased 50,000 150,000 19,000 Canada and Australia Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and warehouse Leased 72,000 facility Montreal, Quebec, Canada . . . . . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and warehouse Owned 94,000 Steinbach, Manitoba, Canada . . . . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and warehouse Owned 250,000 facility facility Laval, Quebec, Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and distribution Owned 337,000 facility Chatswood, Sydney, Australia . . . . . . . . . Offices Emerging Markets Mexico City, Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and manufacturing facility Mexico City, Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and manufacturing facility Estado de Mexico, Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . Distribution facility San Juan del Rio, Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing facility Indaiatuba, Brazil Sao Paulo, Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing facility Embu, Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and distribution facility Leased 7,000 Owned Owned Leased Owned Owned Owned Leased 98,000 161,000 117,000 144,000 178,000 45,000 68,000 Jelenia Gora, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices, laboratories and manufacturing Owned 452,000 and warehouse facility Rzeszow, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices, laboratories and manufacturing Owned 407,000 facility Ksawerow, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and manufacturing facility Kaunas, Lithuania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and manufacturing facility Belgrade, Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices and manufacturing facility Belgrade, Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices, manufacturing and warehouse Owned Owned Owned Leased 66,000 86,000 163,000 154,000 facility (1) In January 2013, this facility was sold. We believe our facilities are in satisfactory condition and are suitable for their intended use, although some limited investments to improve our manufacturing and other related facilities are contemplated, based on the needs and requirements of our business. 25 Item 3. Legal Proceedings See note 24 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K, which is incorporated by reference herein. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 26 Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of PART II Equity Securities Market Information Our common shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (‘‘NYSE’’) and on the Toronto Stock Exchange (‘‘TSX’’) under the symbol ‘‘VRX’’. The following table sets forth the high and low per share sales prices for our common shares on the NYSE and TSX for the periods indicated. 2012 First quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 First quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Source: NYSEnet, TSX Historical Data Access Market Price Volatility of Common Shares NYSE TSX High $ Low $ High C$ Low C$ 55.80 59.94 61.11 61.10 51.13 55.00 57.24 47.58 45.52 42.47 44.01 52.50 28.06 47.28 34.12 32.05 55.24 58.98 59.88 60.73 49.62 53.38 54.28 48.29 45.32 43.99 45.07 52.29 28.82 45.05 35.27 33.91 Market prices for the securities of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including our securities, have historically been highly volatile, and the market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. Factors such as fluctuations in our operating results, the aftermath of public announcements by us, concern as to safety of drugs and general market conditions can have an adverse effect on the market price of our common shares and other securities. Holders The approximate number of holders of record of our common shares as of February 22, 2013 is 2,447. Performance Graph The following graph compares the cumulative total return on our common shares with the cumulative return on the S&P 500 Index, the TSX/S&P Composite Index and a 8-stock Custom Composite Index for the five years ended December 31, 2012, in all cases, assuming reinvestment of dividends. The Custom Composite Index consists of Allergan, Inc.; Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings Inc.; Forest Laboratories, Inc.; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Perrigo Company; Shire Pharmaceuticals Group plc and Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Inc.; Mylan 27 $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $0 Dec-07 S&P 500 Index S&P/TSX Composite Index Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Custom Composite Index Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11 1MAR201321435194 Dec-12 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11 Dec-12 S&P 500 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S&P/TSX Composite Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Custom Composite Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 100 100 100 63 67 81 86 80 90 126 107 92 106 270 134 94 97 446 162 109 104 571 186 Dividends No dividends were declared or paid in 2012 and 2011. During 2010, we declared and paid dividends per common share as follows: Date Declared Dividend per share Payment Date February 25, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 6, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 5, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November 4, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 0.09 $0.095 $0.095 $ 1.00 $1.280 April 5, 2010 July 5, 2010 October 4, 2010 December 22, 2010 On November 4, 2010, our board of directors declared a special dividend of $1.00 (the ‘‘post-Merger special dividend’’) per common share, no par value. Shareholders of record as of the close of business on November 15, 2010 (the ‘‘record date’’) were entitled to receive the post-Merger special dividend on December 22, 2010. In connection with the post-Merger special dividend, we established a special dividend reinvestment plan under which eligible shareholders of record as of the record date could elect to reinvest the post-Merger special dividend (net of any applicable withholding tax) in additional common shares of the Company. Following the payment of the post-Merger special dividend, the special dividend reinvestment plan was terminated. The aggregate cash post-Merger special dividend paid was $297.6 million and we issued 72,283 additional shares to shareholders that elected to reinvest in additional common shares of the Company. While our board of directors will review our dividend policy from time to time, we currently do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, the covenants contained in the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement include restrictions on the payment of dividends. See Item 7. ‘‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation — Selected Financial Information — Cash Dividends’’, for additional details about our dividend payments. 28 Restrictions on Share Ownership by Non-Canadians There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in our organizational documents on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of our Company, except that the Investment Canada Act (Canada) (the ‘‘Investment Canada Act’’) may require review and approval by the Minister of Industry (Canada) of certain acquisitions of ‘‘control’’ of our Company by a ‘‘non-Canadian’’. Investment Canada Act An acquisition of control of a Canadian business by a non-Canadian is either reviewable (a ‘‘Reviewable Transaction’’), in which case it is subject to both a reporting obligation and an approval process, or notifiable, in which case it is subject to only a post-closing reporting obligation. In the case of a Reviewable Transaction, the non-Canadian acquirer must submit an application for review with the prescribed information. The responsible Minister is then required to determine whether the Reviewable Transaction is likely to be of net benefit to Canada, taking into account the assessment factors specified in the Investment Canada Act and any written undertakings that may have been given by the non-Canadian acquirer. In March 2009, the Investment Canada Act was amended to provide that any investment by a non-Canadian in a Canadian business, even where control has not been acquired, can be reviewed on grounds of whether it may be injurious to national security. Where an investment is determined to be injurious to national security, Cabinet can prohibit closing or, if closed, can order the investor to divest control. Short of a prohibition or divestment order, Cabinet can impose terms or conditions on the investment or can require the investor to provide binding undertakings to remove the national security concern. Competition Act Part IX of the Competition Act (Canada) (the ‘‘Competition Act’’) requires that a pre-merger notification filing be submitted to the Commissioner of Competition (the ‘‘Commissioner’’) in respect of certain classes of merger transactions that exceed certain prescribed thresholds. If a proposed transaction exceeds such thresholds, subject to certain exceptions, the notification filing must be submitted to the Commissioner and the statutory waiting period must expire or be terminated early or waived by the Commissioner before the transaction can be completed. All mergers, regardless of whether they are subject to Part IX of the Competition Act, are subject to the substantive mergers provisions under Section 92 of the Competition Act. In particular, the Commissioner may challenge a transaction before the Competition Tribunal where the transaction prevents or lessens, or is likely to prevent or lessen, competition substantially in a market. The Commissioner may not make an application to the Competition Tribunal under Section 92 of the Competition Act more than one year after the merger has been substantially completed. Exchange Controls Canada has no system of exchange controls. There are no Canadian restrictions on the repatriation of capital or earnings of a Canadian public company to non-resident investors. There are no laws in Canada or exchange restrictions affecting the remittance of dividends, profits, interest, royalties and other payments to non-resident holders of our securities, except as discussed in ‘‘Taxation’’ below. Taxation Canadian Federal Income Taxation The following discussion is a summary of the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations generally applicable to a holder of our common shares who, at all relevant times, for purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) and the Income Tax Regulations (collectively, the ‘‘Canadian Tax Act’’) deals at arm’s-length with, and is not affiliated with, our Company, beneficially owns its common shares as capital property and does not use or hold and is not deemed to use or hold such common shares in carrying on a business in Canada and who, at all relevant times, for purposes of the application of the Canadian Tax Act and the Canada-U.S. Income Tax Convention (1980, as amended) (the ‘‘U.S. Treaty’’), is resident in the U.S., is not, and is not deemed to be, 29 resident in Canada and is eligible for benefits under the U.S. Treaty (a ‘‘U.S. Holder’’). Special rules, which are not discussed in the summary, may apply to a non-resident holder that is an insurer that carries on an insurance business in Canada and elsewhere or that is an ‘‘authorized foreign bank’’ as defined in the Canadian Tax Act. The U.S. Treaty includes limitation on benefits rules that restrict the ability of certain persons who are resident in the U.S. to claim any or all benefits under the U.S. Treaty. Furthermore, limited liability companies (‘‘LLCs’’) that are not taxed as corporations pursuant to the provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the ‘‘Code’’) do not generally qualify as resident in the U.S. for purposes of the U.S. Treaty. Under the U.S. Treaty, a resident of the U.S. who is a member of such an LLC and is otherwise eligible for benefits under the U.S. Treaty may generally be entitled to claim benefits under the U.S. Treaty in respect of income, profits or gains derived through the LLC. Residents of the U.S. should consult their own tax advisors with respect to their eligibility for benefits under the U.S. Treaty, having regard to these rules. This summary is based upon the current provisions of the U.S. Treaty and the Canadian Tax Act and our understanding of the current administrative policies and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency published in writing prior to the date hereof. This summary takes into account all specific proposals to amend the U.S. Treaty and the Canadian Tax Act publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof. This summary does not otherwise take into account or anticipate changes in law or administrative policies and assessing practices, whether by judicial, regulatory, administrative or legislative decision or action, nor does it take into account provincial, territorial or foreign tax legislation or considerations, which may differ from those discussed herein. This summary is of a general nature only and is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice generally or to any particular holder. Holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to their own particular circumstances. Gains on Disposition of Common Shares In general, a U.S. Holder will not be subject to tax under the Canadian Tax Act on capital gains arising on the disposition of such holder’s common shares unless the common shares are ‘‘taxable Canadian property’’ to the U.S. Holder and are not ‘‘treaty-protected property’’. As long as the common shares are then listed on a ‘‘designated stock exchange’’, which currently includes the NYSE and TSX, the common shares generally will not constitute taxable Canadian property of a U.S. Holder, unless (a) at any time during the 60-month period preceding the disposition, the U.S. Holder, persons not dealing at arm’s length with such U.S. Holder or the U.S. Holder together with all such persons, owned 25% or more of the issued shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Company and more than 50% of the fair market value of the common shares was derived, directly or indirectly, from any combination of (i) real or immoveable property situated in Canada, (ii) ‘‘Canadian resource property’’ (as such term is defined in the Tax Act), (iii) ‘‘timber resource property’’ (as such terms are defined in the Tax Act), or (iv) options in respect of, or interests in, or for civil law rights in, any such properties whether or not the property exists, or (b) the common shares are otherwise deemed to be taxable Canadian property. Common shares will be treaty-protected property where the U.S. Holder is exempt from income tax under the Canadian Tax Act on the disposition of common shares because of the U.S. Treaty. Common shares owned by a U.S. Holder will generally be treaty-protected property where the value of the common shares is not derived principally from real property situated in Canada, as defined in the U.S. Treaty. Dividends on Common Shares Dividends paid or credited on the common shares or deemed to be paid or credited on the common shares to a U.S. Holder that is the beneficial owner of such dividends will generally be subject to non-resident withholding tax under the Canadian Tax Act and the U.S. Treaty at the rate of (a) 5% of the amounts paid or credited if the U.S. Holder is a company that owns (or is deemed to own) at least 10% of our voting stock, or (b) 15% of the amounts paid or credited in all other cases. The rate of withholding under the Canadian Tax Act in respect of dividends paid to non-residents of Canada is 25% where no tax treaty applies. 30 Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans Information required under this Item will be included in our definitive proxy statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders expected to be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K (the ‘‘2013 Proxy Statement’’), and such required information is incorporated herein by reference. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchases On November 4, 2010, we announced that our board of directors had approved a securities repurchase program, pursuant to which we could make purchases of our common shares, convertible notes and/or senior notes, from time to time, up to an aggregate maximum value of $1.5 billion, subject to any restrictions in our financing agreements and applicable law. On August 29, 2011, we announced that our board of directors had approved an increase of $300.0 million under our securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2010 Securities Repurchase Program’’). As a result, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we were able to repurchase up to $1.8 billion of our convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other notes or shares that were issued prior to the completion of the program. The 2010 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2011. On November 3, 2011, we announced that our board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2011 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 8, 2011, we could make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of our convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares. The 2011 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2012. On November 19, 2012, we announced that our board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2012 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 15, 2012, we may make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of our senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares. The 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will terminate on November 14, 2013 or at such time as we complete our purchases. The amount of securities to be purchased and the timing of purchases under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program may be subject to various factors, which may include the price of the securities, general market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, alternate investment opportunities and restrictions under our financing agreements and applicable law. The securities to be repurchased will be funded using our cash resources. The board of directors also approved a sub-limit under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program for the repurchase of an amount of common shares equal to the greater of 10% of our public float or 5% of our issued and outstanding common shares, in each case calculated as of the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. We are permitted to make purchases of up to 15,172,149 common shares on the open market through the facilities of the NYSE, representing approximately 5% of our issued and outstanding common shares on the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. Subject to completion of appropriate filings with and approval by the TSX, the Company may also make purchases of our common shares over the facilities of the TSX. Purchases of common shares will be made at prevailing market prices of such shares on the NYSE or the TSX, as the case may be, at the time of the acquisition and shall be made in accordance with the respective rules and guidelines of the NYSE and the TSX. All common shares purchased under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will be cancelled. During the year ended December 31, 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased $1.1 million principal amount of our 5.375% Convertible Notes for a purchase price of $4.0 million. In addition, in the year ended December 31, 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased 5,257,454 of our common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $280.7 million. In the three-month period ended December 31, 2012, we did not make any purchases of our senior notes or common shares under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. In connection with the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, through to the termination date of November 7, 2012, we repurchased approximately $442.4 million, in the aggregate, of our convertible notes, common shares and senior notes. 31 In connection with the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, through to the termination date of November 7, 2011, we repurchased approximately $1.5 billion, in the aggregate, of our convertible notes, common shares and senior notes. Item 6. Selected Financial Data The following table of selected consolidated financial data of our Company has been derived from financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (‘‘GAAP’’). The data is qualified by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP (see Item 15 of this Form 10-K) as well as the discussion in Item 7. ‘‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations’’. All dollar amounts are expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data. Consolidated operating data: Revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Loss) earnings per share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . . . 2012(1)(2) 2011(1)(2) 2010(1) 2009 2008 Years Ended December 31, $3,546,626 79,685 (116,025) $2,463,450 299,959 159,559 $1,181,237 (110,085) (208,193) $820,430 181,154 176,455 $757,178 124,109 199,904 (0.38) $ (0.38) $ $ $ $ — $ — 0.52 0.49 $ $ $ (1.06) $ (1.06) $ $ 1.28 1.11 1.11 0.65 $ $ $ 1.25 1.25 1.50 Consolidated balance sheet: Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Working capital Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity (net assets) . . . . . . Number of common shares issued and 2012(1)(2) 2011(1)(2) 2010(1) 2009 2008 At December 31, $ 916,091 954,699 17,950,379 11,015,625 5,940,652 3,717,398 $ 164,111 433,234 13,108,119 6,651,011 5,963,621 3,929,830 $ 394,269 327,710 10,795,117 3,595,277 5,251,730 4,911,096 $ 114,463 93,734 2,059,290 326,085 1,465,004 1,354,372 $ 317,547 223,198 1,623,565 — 1,463,873 1,201,599 outstanding (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303,861 306,371 302,449 158,311 158,216 (1) Amounts for 2012, 2011, and 2010 include the impact of several acquisitions of businesses, including the Merger on September 28, 2010. For more information regarding our acquisitions, see note 3 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. (2) In 2012, we wrote off an IPR&D asset of $133.4 million, relating to the IDP-107 program, which was acquired in September 2010 as part of the Merger. Through discussion with various internal and external Key Opinion Leaders, we completed our analysis of the Phase 2 study results for IDP-107 during the third quarter of 2012. This led to our decision in the third quarter of 2012 to terminate the program and fully impair the asset. As attempts to identify a partner for the program were not successful, we do not believe the program has value to a market participant. In 2011, we recognized impairment charges on IPR&D assets of $105.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, relating to the A002, A004, and A006 programs acquired as part of the Aton Pharma, Inc. acquisition in 2010, as well as the IDP-109 and IDP-115 dermatology programs. The impairment charges were triggered in the fourth quarter of 2011 due to unfavorable study results, feedback received from the FDA which would result in the incurrence of higher costs to perform additional studies, reassessment of risk and the probability of success, and/or pipeline prioritization decisions resulting in the re-allocation of Company resources to other research and development programs. For information regarding other impairment charges, see note 7 and note 12 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. 32 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS INTRODUCTION The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (‘‘MD&A’’) should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, prepared in accordance with United States (‘‘U.S.’’) generally accepted accounting principles (‘‘GAAP’’) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 (the ‘‘2012 Financial Statements’’). Additional information relating to the Company, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (the ‘‘2012 Form 10-K’’), is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the ‘‘SEC’’) website at www.sec.gov. Unless otherwise indicated herein, the discussion and analysis contained in this MD&A is as of February 28, 2013. All dollar amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. COMPANY PROFILE On September 28, 2010 (the ‘‘Merger Date’’), Biovail Corporation (‘‘Biovail’’) completed the acquisition of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (‘‘Valeant’’) through a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 20, 2010, with Valeant surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail (the ‘‘Merger’’). In connection with the Merger, Biovail was renamed ‘‘Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’ (‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’, ‘‘our’’ or the ‘‘Company’’). We are a multinational, specialty pharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. Our specialty pharmaceutical and over-the-counter (‘‘OTC’’) products are marketed under brand names and are sold in the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand, where we focus most of our efforts on products in the dermatology and neurology therapeutic classes. We also have branded generic, branded and OTC operations in Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, Southeast Asia and South Africa. Our strategy is to focus our business on core geographies and therapeutic classes, manage pipeline assets either internally or through strategic partnerships with other pharmaceutical companies and deploy cash with an appropriate mix of selective acquisitions, debt repurchases and repayments, and share buybacks. We believe this strategy will allow us to improve both our growth rate and profitability and to enhance shareholder value. Our low risk research and development model described below is one key element to this business strategy. It will allow us to progress certain development programs to drive future commercial growth, while minimizing our research and development expense. This will be achieved in four ways: (cid:127) focusing our efforts on niche therapeutic areas such as dermatology, podiatry, ophthalmology and life-cycle management programs for currently marketed products; (cid:127) acquiring dossiers and registrations for branded generic products, which require limited manufacturing start-up and development activities; (cid:127) selling internal development capabilities to third parties, thereby allowing higher utilization and infrastructure cost absorption; and (cid:127) structuring partnerships and collaborations so that our partners share development costs. We are diverse not only in our sources of revenues from our broad drug portfolio, but also among the therapeutic classes and geographic segments we serve. We focus on those businesses that we view to have the potential for strong operating margins and solid growth, while providing natural balance across geographies. We measure our success through total shareholder return and, on that basis, as of February 22, 2013, the market price of our common shares on both the New York Stock Exchange (‘‘NYSE’’) and on the Toronto Stock 33 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Exchange (‘‘TSX’’) has increased approximately 150% since the Merger Date, as adjusted for the post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per common share (the ‘‘post-Merger special dividend’’). For more information regarding the post-Merger special dividend, see note 3 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS We continue to focus the business on core geographies and therapeutic classes through selective acquisitions, dispositions and strategic partnerships with other pharmaceutical companies. Since 2010, we have completed several transactions to expand our product portfolio, including, among others, the following acquisitions and dispositions. Acquisitions of businesses and product rights 2013 Acquisition Date Certain assets of Eisai Inc. (‘‘Eisai’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 20, 2013 Natur Produkt International, JSC (‘‘Natur Produkt’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 1, 2013 2012 Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation (‘‘Medicis’’)(1) Certain assets of Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 11, 2012 (‘‘J&J ROW’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2, 2012 Certain assets of Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. (‘‘J&J North America’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September 28, 2012 Certain assets of QLT Inc. and QLT Ophthalmics, Inc. (collectively, ‘‘QLT’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc. (‘‘OraPharma’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain assets of University Medical Pharmaceuticals Corp. September 24, 2012 June 18, 2012 (‘‘University Medical’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 23, 2012 Certain assets of Atlantis Pharma (‘‘Atlantis’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 2, 2012 Certain assets of Gerot Lannach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 13, 2012 Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda. (‘‘Probiotica’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 1, 2012 2011 iNova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 21, 2011 Dermik, a dermatological unit of Sanofi in the U.S. and Canada . . . . December 16, 2011 Ortho Dermatologics division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. . . . . . . December 12, 2011 Afexa Life Sciences Inc. (‘‘Afexa’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 17, 2011 AB Sanitas (‘‘Sanitas’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 19, 2011 Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zovirax(cid:4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 22, 2011/March 25, 2011 PharmaSwiss S.A. (‘‘PharmaSwiss’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March 10, 2011 Lodalis(cid:5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 9, 2011 June 29, 2011 2010 Biovail Merger with Valeant(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September 28, 2010 34 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Dispositions 2012 Disposition Date Divestitures of 1% clindamycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide gel (‘‘IDP-111’’) and 5% fluorouracil cream (‘‘5-FU’’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 3, 2012 2011 Out-license product rights to Cloderm(cid:4) Cream, 0.1% to Promius Pharma LLC . . . . . . . March 31, 2011 (1) The Medicis acquisition included acquired IPR&D assets of $153.8 million related to the development of several programs, including Luliconazole Cream Metronidazole 1.3%, and other dermatology and aesthetics programs. The projected cash flows were adjusted for the probability of successful development and commercialization of the products. In determining fair value for these assets, we assumed that significant cash inflows for these products would commence in 2015, and we estimated that we will incur development costs of approximately $40 million, in the aggregate, to complete the development of these IPR&D assets. (2) The Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) acquisition included an acquired IPR&D asset of $33.5 million related to the development of a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product. The projected cash flows from the acquired IPR&D assets were adjusted for the probability of successful development and commercialization of the product. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of 2012, we recognized an impairment charge of $24.7 million related to this IPR&D asset due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization. (3) With respect to the Biovail merger with Valeant, the significant components of the acquired IPR&D assets of $1.4 billion related to the development of ezogabine/retigabine in collaboration with Glaxo Group Limited, a subsidiary of GlaxoSmithKline plc (the entities within The Glaxo Group of Companies are referred throughout as ‘‘GSK’’), and a number of dermatology products. Subsequently, during 2011 and 2012, we recognized impairment charges associated with these assets, which are described below under Results of Operations — In-Process Research and Development Impairments and Other Charges. As of December 31, 2012, we have estimated that we will incur development costs of approximately $100 million, in the aggregate, of which $34.6 million has been incurred through December 31, 2012, to complete the remaining products in development. For more information regarding our acquisitions and dispositions, see note 3, note 4 and note 27 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K. PRODUCTS IN DEVELOPMENT The following products, among others, are currently or were in clinical development during 2012: Potiga(cid:5) (Ezogabine/Retigabine) In collaboration with GSK, we developed and launched in the second quarter of 2012 immediate release Potiga(cid:5) (ezogabine/retigabine) in the U.S. as an adjunctive treatment for partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy. We continue to work with GSK to develop a modified release formulation with a goal to improve patient convenience, compliance and tolerability. A lead formulation has been selected for evaluation in patients. Dermatology Products With the Medicis acquisition in December 2012, we added several ongoing projects to our research and development portfolio, including: (cid:127) Luliconazole, a new imidazole, antimycotic cream for the treatment of tinea cruris, pedis and corporis. A New Drug Application (‘‘NDA’’) was submitted to the FDA on December 11, 2012 and we have received a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (‘‘PDUFA’’) date of December 11, 2013 with respect to this application. (cid:127) Metronidazole 1.3%, a topical antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. (cid:127) Several unique formulation development programs focused on improving the tolerability of existing acne vulgaris treatments, as well as a number of aesthetics programs. 35 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) We also have a number of dermatology product candidates in development including: (cid:127) IDP-108 (efinaconazole), a novel triazole compound, is an antifungal targeted to treat onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the fingernails and toenails primarily in older adults. Valeant holds an exclusive license from Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., to commercialize efinaconazole in North America, Central America, South America and the European Union. The mechanism of antifungal activity appears similar to other antifungal triazoles, i.e., ergosterol synthesis inhibition. We filed the NDA in the U.S. on July 26, 2012 and the NDS in Canada on October 15, 2012. In the U.S., we have received a PDUFA date of May 24, 2013 with respect to this application. (cid:127) Topical and other life-cycle management projects, including IDP-118. COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS See note 5 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for detailed information regarding our License and Collaboration Agreement with GSK, joint ventures with Meda AB, collaboration and option agreements with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and various collaboration agreements assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition. RESTRUCTURING AND INTEGRATION Medicis Acquisition-Related Cost-Rationalization and Integration Initiatives The complementary nature of the Company and Medicis businesses has provided an opportunity to capture significant operating synergies from reductions in sales and marketing, general and administrative expenses, and research and development. In total, we have identified approximately $275 million of cost synergies on a run rate basis that we expect to achieve by the end of 2013. This amount does not include potential revenue synergies or the potential benefits of expanding the Company corporate structure to Medicis’s operations. We have implemented cost-rationalization and integration initiatives to capture operating synergies and generate cost savings across the Company. These measures included: (cid:127) workforce reductions across the Company and other organizational changes; (cid:127) closing of duplicative facilities and other site rationalization actions company-wide, including research and development facilities, sales offices and corporate facilities; (cid:127) leveraging research and development spend; and (cid:127) procurement savings. We estimated that we will incur total costs in the range of up to $275 million in connection with these cost-rationalization and integration initiatives, which are expected to be substantially completed by the end of 2013. $85.6 million has been incurred as of December 31, 2012. These costs include: employee termination costs payable to approximately 750 employees of the Company and Medicis who have been or will be terminated as a result of the Medicis acquisition; IPR&D termination costs related to the transfer to other parties of product- development programs that did not align with our research and development model; costs to consolidate or close facilities and relocate employees; and contract termination and lease cancellation costs. These estimates do not include a charge of $77.3 million recognized and paid in the fourth quarter of 2012 related to the acceleration of unvested stock options, restricted stock awards, and share appreciation rights for Medicis employees that was triggered by the change in control. See note 6 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for detailed information summarizing the major components of costs incurred in connection with our Medicis acquisition- related initiatives through December 31, 2012. 36 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Merger-Related Cost-Rationalization and Integration Initiatives The complementary nature of the Biovail and Valeant businesses has provided an opportunity to capture significant operating synergies from reductions in research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. In total, we have realized approximately $350 million of annual cost synergies as of December 31, 2012. Approximately $315 million of cost synergies were realized in 2011, and the full amount of $350 million was realized in 2012. We have implemented cost-rationalization and integration initiatives to capture operating synergies and generate cost savings across the Company. These measures included: (cid:127) workforce reductions across the Company and other organizational changes; (cid:127) closing of duplicative facilities and other site rationalization actions company-wide, including research and development facilities, sales offices and corporate facilities; (cid:127) leveraging research and development spend; and (cid:127) procurement savings. We estimated that we will incur total costs in the range of up to $200 million (of which the non-cash component, including share-based compensation, is expected to be approximately $55 million) in connection with these cost-rationalization and integration initiatives, of which $196.2 million has been incurred as of December 31, 2012. These costs include: employee termination costs (including related share-based payments) payable to approximately 500 employees of Biovail and Valeant who have been terminated as a result of Merger; IPR&D termination costs related to the transfer to other parties of product-development programs that did not align with our research and development model; costs to consolidate or close facilities and relocate employees, asset impairment charges to write down property, plant and equipment to fair value; and contract termination and lease cancellation costs. See note 6 of notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K for detailed information summarizing the major components of costs incurred in connection with our Merger-related initiatives through December 31, 2012. U.S. HEALTHCARE REFORM In March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the ‘‘Act’’) was enacted in the United States. The Act contains several provisions that impact our business. Provisions of the Act include: (i) an increase in the minimum Medicaid rebate to states participating in the Medicaid program from 15.1% to 23.1% on covered drugs; (ii) the extension of the Medicaid rebate to Managed Care Organizations that dispense drugs to Medicaid beneficiaries; and (iii) the expansion of the 340(B) Public Health Services drug pricing program, which provides outpatient drugs at reduced rates, to include additional hospitals, clinics, and healthcare centers. Commencing in 2011, the new legislation requires that drug manufacturers provide a 50% discount to Medicare beneficiaries whose prescription drug costs cause them to be subject to the Medicare Part D coverage gap. In addition, commencing in 2011, a new fee has been assessed on prescription drug manufacturers and importers that sell branded prescription drugs to specified U.S. government programs (e.g., Medicare and Medicaid). This fee is calculated based upon each entity’s relative share of total applicable branded prescription drug sales to specified U.S. government programs for the preceding calendar year. The aggregate industry wide fee is expected to total $28.0 billion through 2019, ranging from $2.5 billion to $4.1 billion annually. Additional provisions of the Act will be implemented in the next several years. For example, in 2013 federal subsidies will begin to be phased in for brand-name prescription drugs filled in the Medicare Part D cover gap. Also in January 2013, CMS issued final regulations to implement the physician payment disclosure provisions of Act, which requires pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers to disclose publicly certain payments to physicians. In 2014, the Act’s private health insurance exchanges will begin to operate along with the mandate on individuals to purchase health insurance. The Act also allows states to expand Medicaid coverage with most of 37 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) the expansion’s cost paid for by the federal government. While some states have decided to pursue such expansions, others have indicated they will not do so or are still considering doing so. The Act did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operation in 2012, 2011 or 2010. In 2012 and 2011, we made a total payment of $1.8 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to the annual fee assessed on prescription drug manufacturers and importers that sell branded prescription drugs to specified U.S. government programs (e.g., Medicare and Medicaid). We also incurred a cost of $9.8 million and $6.0 million on Medicare Part D utilization incurred by beneficiaries whose prescription drug costs cause them to be subject to the Medicare Part D coverage gap (i.e., the ‘‘donut hole’’) in 2012 and 2011, respectively. While the Supreme Court upheld the core provisions of the Affordable Care Act, additional challenges to various provisions of the Act continue to work their way through the courts. We cannot predict at this time what impact these challenges will have on our business. Similarly, we cannot predict the how the numerous regulations and requirements still to be proposed or finalized by the Administration and the states will impact our business. SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION Our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows reflect Biovail’s stand-alone operations as they existed prior to the completion of the Merger. The results of Valeant’s business have been included in our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows only for the period subsequent to the completion of the Merger. Therefore, our financial results for 2010 do not reflect a full year of Valeant’s operations. The following table provides selected financial information for each of the last three years: ($ in 000s, except per share data) Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 $ 2011 $ 2010 $ 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ % $ % Revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,546,626 (116,025) (0.38) (0.38) — 2,463,450 159,559 0.52 0.49 — 1,181,237 (208,193) (1.06) (1.06) 1.280 1,083,176 44 (275,584) NM (0.90) NM (0.87) NM — — 1,282,213 367,752 1.58 1.55 109 NM NM NM (1.280) NM As of December 31, Change ($ in 000s) 2012 $ 2011 $ 2010 $ $ 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 % 37 66 $ 2,313,002 3,055,734 % 21 85 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion . . . . . . . . . . . 17,950,379 11,015,625 13,108,119 6,651,011 10,795,117 3,595,277 4,842,260 4,364,614 NM — Not meaningful Financial Performance Changes in Revenues Total revenues increased $1,083.2 million, or 44%, to $3,546.6 million in 2012, compared with $2,463.5 million in 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $709.2 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from the iNova, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, Sanitas, PharmaSwiss, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) and Afexa acquisitions. We also recognized incremental product sales revenue in 2012 of $280.7 million, in the aggregate, from all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from the Probiotica, OraPharma, Medicis, Gerot Lannach, University Medical and Atlantis acquisitions. The incremental product sales revenue from the 38 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) 2011 and 2012 acquisitions includes a negative foreign exchange impact of $33.3 million, in the aggregate, in 2012; (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $286.9 million in 2012, related to growth from the existing business, excluding the impact of generic competition in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment and the Canada and Australia segment described below. Slightly more than half of this increase was based on volume, and the remainder was a result of pricing actions taken during 2012 and 2011; (cid:127) alliance revenue of $122.7 million, primarily related to (i) alliance revenue of $66.3 million on the sale of the IDP-111 and 5-FU products in the first quarter of 2012, and (ii) the 45.0 million milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Potiga(cid:5) recognized in the second quarter of 2012; and (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $29.0 million in 2012, primarily from the Dermik acquisition. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $81.8 million in 2012, including a decrease of $42.8 million in 2012, related to IDP-111 royalty revenue as a result of the sale of IDP-111 in February 2012; (cid:127) decrease in product sales of Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Ultram(cid:4) ER, Diastat(cid:4) and Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment of $80.8 million, or 28%, in the aggregate, to $206.2 million in 2012, compared with $287.0 million in 2011, due to generic competition; (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business of $67.2 million in 2012; (cid:127) alliance revenue of $43.0 million in 2011, primarily related to the $36.0 million out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights that did not similarly occur in 2012; (cid:127) alliance revenue of $40.0 million recognized in the second quarter of 2011 related to the milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4); and (cid:127) decrease in product sales of Cesamet(cid:4) in the Canada and Australia segment of $35.0 million, or 54%, to $29.4 million in 2012, compared with $64.4 million in 2011, due to generic competition. Total revenues increased $1,282.2 million, or 109%, to $2,463.5 million in 2011, compared with $1,181.2 million in 2010, primarily due to: (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $1,083.6 million, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from the Valeant, PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Afexa, Ortho Dermatologics and Dermik acquisitions. The incremental product sales revenue from the 2010 and 2011 acquisitions includes a negative foreign exchange impact of $59.0 million in 2011; (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $103.1 million in 2012, related to growth from the existing business, excluding the impact of generic competition in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment described below, as well as an increase in alliance and royalty revenue of $137.4 million, mainly related to the incremental royalty (IDP-111) revenue from Valeant of $64.3 million, alliance revenue of $40.0 million in the second quarter of 2011 related to the milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4) and the alliance revenue of $36.0 million recognized in the first quarter of 2011 on the out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights in March 2011. The majority of this increase was based on volume, and the remainder was a result of pricing actions taken during 2011 and 2010; and (cid:127) an increase in service revenue of $23.2 million, primarily from the Valeant and PharmaSwiss acquisitions. 39 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease in product sales of Wellbutrin XL(cid:4), Diastat(cid:4), Cardizem(cid:4) CD and Ultram(cid:4) ER in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment of $35.5 million, or 12%, in the aggregate, to $266.5 million in 2011, compared with $302.0 million in 2010, due to generic competition; (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business of $24.0 million in 2011; and (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $5.4 million in 2011. Changes in Earnings Net loss was $116.0 million (basic and diluted loss per share of $0.38) in 2012, compared with net income of $159.6 million (basic and diluted earnings per share (‘‘EPS’’) of $0.52 and $0.49, respectively) in 2011, reflecting the following factors: (cid:127) an increase of $371.1 million in amortization expense primarily related to (i) the acquired identifiable intangible assets of iNova, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, OraPharma, Sanitas, Gerot Lannach, PharmaSwiss and Medicis of $210.5 million, in the aggregate, in 2012, and (ii) higher amortization of ezogabine/retigabine of $109.8 million in 2012, which was reclassified from IPR&D to a finite-lived intangible asset in December 2011; (cid:127) an increase of $246.7 million in restructuring, integration and other costs, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Restructuring, Integration and Other Costs’’; (cid:127) an increase of $183.6 million in selling, general and administrative expense, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Selling, General and Administrative Expenses’’; (cid:127) an increase of $140.4 million in interest expense, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Interest Expense’’; (cid:127) an increase of $80.7 million in in-process research and development impairments and other charges, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — In-Process Research and Development Impairments and Other Charges’’; (cid:127) an increase of $73.9 million in cost of alliance and service revenues, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Cost of Alliance and Service Revenues’’; (cid:127) an increase of $45.6 million in acquisition-related costs, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Acquisition-Related Costs’’; (cid:127) an increase of $44.9 million in legal settlements, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Legal Settlements’’; (cid:127) a net realized gain of $21.3 million on the disposal of our equity investment in Cephalon, Inc. (‘‘Cephalon’’) realized in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Gain (Loss) on Investments, Net’’; and (cid:127) a $19.1 million net gain realized on foreign currency forward contracts entered in connection with the acquisitions of iNova and PharmaSwiss in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Foreign Exchange and Other’’. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in contribution (product sales revenue less cost of goods sold, exclusive of amortization of intangible assets) of $817.1 million, mainly related to the incremental contribution of Dermik, iNova, Ortho Dermatologics, Sanitas, OraPharma, Zovirax(cid:4), Medicis, PharmaSwiss, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Probiotica and Gerot Lannach; 40 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) an increase of $100.6 million in recovery of income taxes, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Income Taxes’’; and (cid:127) a decrease of $16.8 million in loss on extinguishment of debt, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Loss on Extinguishment of Debt’’. Net income increased $367.8 million to $159.6 million (basic and diluted EPS of $0.52 and $0.49, respectively) in 2011, compared with net loss of $208.2 million (basic and diluted loss per share of $1.06) in 2010, reflecting the following factors: (cid:127) an increase in contribution (product sales revenue less cost of goods sold, exclusive of amortization of intangible assets) of $833.5 million, mainly related to the incremental contribution of Valeant, PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Afexa, Ortho Dermatologics and Dermik. In addition, the increase was due to higher volumes and pricing for the Xenazine(cid:4) product and a lower supply price for Zovirax(cid:4) inventory purchased from GSK, as a result of the new supply agreement that became effective with the acquisition of the U.S. rights to Zovirax(cid:4); (cid:127) an increase in the recovery of income taxes of $149.5 million, mainly attributable to significant expenses in the U.S., including but not limited to IPR&D charges, amortization, and interest expense. The U.S. has the highest statutory rate relative to all other tax jurisdictions in which we do business, resulting in an overall net book tax recovery for the worldwide income tax provision; (cid:127) an increase in alliance and royalty revenue of $137.4 million, mainly related to the incremental royalty (IDP-111) revenue from Valeant of $64.3 million, alliance revenue of $40.0 million in the second quarter of 2011 related to the milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4) and the alliance revenue of $36.0 million recognized in the first quarter of 2011 on the out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights in March 2011; (cid:127) decreases of $43.2 million in restructuring charges and integration costs, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Restructuring, Integration and Other Costs’’; (cid:127) decreases of $40.8 million in legal settlements, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Legal Settlements’’; (cid:127) a $21.3 million net realized gain on the disposal of our equity investment in Cephalon, which was realized in the second quarter of 2011 (as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Gain (loss) on Investments, Net’’); and (cid:127) a $19.1 million net gain realized on foreign currency forward contracts entered in connection with the acquisitions of iNova and PharmaSwiss in 2011, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Non-Operating Income (Expense) — Foreign Exchange and Other’’. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) increases of $338.1 million in amortization expense, primarily related to the acquired identifiable intangible assets of Valeant, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), PharmaSwiss, Zovirax(cid:4), and Sanitas of $331.8 million, in the aggregate, the impairment charges of $7.9 million and $19.8 million related to the write-down of the carrying values of the IDP-111 and 5-FU intangible assets, respectively, to their estimated fair values, less costs to sell, as well as an impairment of intangible assets of $12.8 million related to certain OTC products sold in Brazil; (cid:127) an increase of $295.9 million in selling, general and administrative expense, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Selling, general and administrative’’; (cid:127) increases of $248.7 million in interest expense, reflecting $243.4 million related to the legacy Valeant debt assumed as of the Merger Date (partially reduced by the repayment of the Term Loan A Facility in the first quarter of 2011) and the post-Merger issuances of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2010 and first 41 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) quarter of 2011, $25.3 million related to the borrowings under our senior secured term loan facility in the third quarter of 2011 and the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities in the fourth quarter of 2011, partially offset by a decrease of $19.2 million in interest expense related to the repurchases of 5.375% Convertible Notes (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); and (cid:127) increases of $20.0 million in in-process research and development impairments and other charges. We recognized IPR&D impairment charges in the fourth quarter of 2011 of $105.2 million, as described below under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — In-Process Research and Development Impairments and Other Charges’’. Cash Dividends No dividends were declared or paid in 2012 and 2011. While our board of directors will review our dividend policy from time to time, we currently do not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, the covenants contained in the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement include restrictions on the payment of dividends. In 2010, prior to the Merger, we declared cash dividends per share of $0.28. Following the Merger, we declared the post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per share, which was paid on December 22, 2010. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Reportable Segments As a result of the acquisition of iNova in December 2011, we began operating in five new territories: Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Africa, with a distribution business in Thailand, Taiwan and some sub-Saharan Africa markets. iNova also distributes through partners in China, Korea and Japan. Consequently, our Chief Executive Officer (‘‘CEO’’), who is our Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘‘CODM’’), began to manage the business differently, which necessitated a realignment of the segment structure, effective in the first quarter of 2012. Pursuant to this change, we now have four reportable segments: (i) U.S. Dermatology, (ii) U.S. Neurology and Other, (iii) Canada and Australia and (iv) Emerging Markets. Accordingly, we have restated prior period segment information to conform to the current period presentation. The following is a brief description of our segments: (cid:127) U.S. Dermatology consists of pharmaceutical and OTC product sales, and alliance and contract service revenues, in the areas of dermatology and topical medication, aesthetics (including medical devices), dentistry, ophthalmology and podiatry. (cid:127) U.S. Neurology and Other consists of sales of pharmaceutical products indicated for the treatment of neurological and other diseases, as well as alliance revenue from the licensing of various products we developed or acquired. (cid:127) Canada and Australia consists of pharmaceutical and OTC products sold in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. (cid:127) Emerging Markets consists of branded generic pharmaceutical products, as well as OTC products and agency/in-licensing arrangements with other research-based pharmaceutical companies (where we distribute and market branded, patented products under long-term, renewable contracts). Products are sold primarily in Central and Eastern Europe (Poland, Serbia, and Russia), Latin America (Mexico, Brazil and exports out of Mexico to other Latin American markets), Southeast Asia and South Africa. As described in Item 1 titled ‘‘Business’’ of this Form 10-K, we are planning to change our segment structure effective in 2013. 42 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Revenues By Segment Our primary sources of revenues are the sale of pharmaceutical and OTC products; the out-licensing of products; and contract services. The following table displays revenues by segment for each of the last three years, the percentage of each segment’s revenues compared with total revenues in the respective year, and the dollar and percentage change in the dollar amount of each segment’s revenues. Percentages may not sum due to rounding. Years Ended December 31, Change ($ in 000s) 2012 $ U.S. Dermatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,158,600 793,503 544,128 1,050,395 2011 $ 575,798 821,789 340,240 725,623 % 23 33 14 29 2010 $ 220,667 656,653 161,568 142,349 % 19 56 14 12 % 33 22 15 30 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ 582,802 (28,286) 203,888 324,772 % 101 (3) 60 45 $ 355,131 165,136 178,672 583,274 Total revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,546,626 100 2,463,450 100 1,181,237 100 1,083,176 44 1,282,213 % 161 25 111 NM 109 NM — Not meaningful Total revenues increased $1,083.2 million, or 44%, to $3,546.6 million in 2012, compared with $2,463.5 million in 2011, mainly attributable to the effect of the following factors: (cid:127) in the U.S. Dermatology segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $492.3 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from (i) Dermik (mainly driven by BenzaClin(cid:4), Carac(cid:4) and Sculptra(cid:4) Aesthetics product sales) and Ortho Dermatologics (mainly driven by Retin-A Micro(cid:4) product sales); and (ii) OraPharma, Medicis and University Medical product sales; (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business of $137.0 million, or 32%, driven by continued growth of the core dermatology brands, including Zovirax(cid:4), Elidel(cid:4), Acanya(cid:4) and CeraVe(cid:4). The growth of these seasonal brands has increased the impact of seasonality on our business, particularly during the third quarter ‘‘back to school’’ season; and (cid:127) alliance revenue of $66.3 million on the sale of the IDP-111 and 5-FU products in the first quarter of 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $56.2 million in 2012, including a decrease of $42.8 million in 2012 related to IDP-111 royalty revenue as a result of the sale of IDP-111 in February 2012; (cid:127) alliance revenue of $43.0 million in 2011, primarily related to the $36.0 million out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights that did not similarly occur in 2012; and (cid:127) a decrease in service revenue of $9.7 million in 2012. (cid:127) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment: (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business, excluding the declines described below, of $48.5 million, or 6%, in 2012; and (cid:127) alliance revenue of $45.0 million recognized in the second quarter of 2012, related to the milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Potiga(cid:5). 43 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Those factors were more than offset by: (cid:127) a decrease in product sales of Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Diastat(cid:4), Ultram(cid:4) and Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) of $80.8 million, or 28%, in the aggregate, to $206.2 million in 2012, compared with $287.0 million in 2011, due to generic competition. We anticipate a continuing decline in sales of Cardizem(cid:4) CD and Diastat(cid:4) due to continued generic erosion, however the rate of decline is expected to decrease in the future, and these brands are expected to represent a declining percentage of total revenues primarily due to anticipated growth in other parts of our business and recent acquisitions; and (cid:127) alliance revenue of $40.0 million recognized in the second quarter of 2011, related to the milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4). (cid:127) in the Canada and Australia segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $172.2 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from iNova (mainly driven by Duromine(cid:4), Difflam(cid:4) and Duro-Tuss(cid:4) product sales), Afexa and Dermik; (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $41.8 million in 2012, primarily from the Dermik acquisition; and (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business, excluding the decline described below, of $27.6 million, or 8%, in 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease in product sales of Cesamet(cid:4) of $35.0 million, or 54%, to $29.4 million in 2012, compared with $64.4 million in 2011, due to the introduction of a generic version of Cesamet(cid:4) by a competitor in March 2012. We anticipate continuing declines in Cesamet(cid:4) product sales due to generic erosion, however the rate of decline is expected to decrease in the future; and (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business of $2.0 million in 2012. (cid:127) in the Emerging Markets segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $322.9 million (which includes a negative foreign currency exchange impact of $33.2 million in 2012), in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from (i) the 2011 acquisitions of iNova (mainly driven by Duromine(cid:4) and Difflam(cid:4) product sales), Sanitas, and PharmaSwiss; and (ii) the 2012 acquisitions of Probiotica and Gerot Lannach; (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business of $76.5 million, or 11%, in 2012; and (cid:127) an increase in alliance revenue of $14.4 million. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business of $65.2 million in 2012; and (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $23.2 million in 2012. Total revenues increased $1,282.2 million, or 109%, to $2,463.5 million in 2011, compared with $1,181.2 million in 2010, mainly attributable to the effect of the following factors: (cid:127) in the U.S. Dermatology segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $194.6 million, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant, Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4), Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics product sales; 44 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) an increase in alliance and royalty revenue of $101.2 million, primarily related to the incremental royalty (IDP-111) revenue from Valeant of $64.3 million and the alliance revenue of $36.0 million in the first quarter of 2011 related to the out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights; (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business of $48.9 million, or 24%, primarily driven by a growth of the core dermatology brands, including Zovirax(cid:4), CeraVe(cid:4), and Acanya(cid:4); and (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $15.8 million in 2011, primarily from the Valeant acquisition. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $5.4 million in 2011. (cid:127) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $168.4 million from all 2010 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant product sales; (cid:127) alliance revenue of $40.0 million in the second quarter of 2011 related to the milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4); and (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business (excluding the impact of generic competition and the increase in the product sales of Tiazac(cid:4) in 2010 that did not similarly occur in 2011 as described below) of $29.2 million in 2011, primarily driven by an increase in Xenazine(cid:4) product sales. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease in product sales of Wellbutrin XL(cid:4), Diastat(cid:4), Cardizem(cid:4) CD and Ultram(cid:4) ER of $35.5 million, or 12%, in the aggregate, to $266.5 million in 2011, compared with $302.0 million in 2010, due to generic competition; (cid:127) a decrease in product sales of generic Tiazac(cid:4) of $25.8 million, or 68%, to $12.2 million in 2011, compared with $38.0 million in 2010, which was attributable to competitors’ manufacturing issues in 2010 that did not similarly occur in 2011; and (cid:127) a decrease in service revenue of $5.4 million. (cid:127) in the Canada and Australia segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $155.9 million (which includes a negative foreign currency exchange impact of $18.2 million in 2011), in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant and Afexa product sales; (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business of $18.9 million, or 12%; and (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $4.3 million in 2011, primarily from the Valeant acquisition. (cid:127) in Emerging Markets segment: (cid:127) the incremental product sales revenue of $564.7 million (which includes a negative foreign currency exchange impact of $40.8 million in 2011), in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant, PharmaSwiss and Sanitas product sales; (cid:127) an increase in product sales from the existing business of $31.8 million, or 22%; and (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $8.5 million in 2011, primarily from the PharmaSwiss acquisition. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business of $23.4 million in 2011. 45 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Segment Profit Segment profit is based on operating income after the elimination of intercompany transactions. Certain costs, such as restructuring and acquisition-related costs, legal settlements and in-process research and development impairments and other charges, are not included in the measure of segment profit, as management excludes these items in assessing segment financial performance. In addition, share-based compensation is not allocated to segments, since the amount of such expense depends on company-wide performance rather than the operating performance of any single segment. The following table displays profit by segment for each of the last three years, the percentage of each segment’s profit compared with corresponding segment revenues in the respective year, and the dollar and percentage change in the dollar amount of each segment’s profit. Percentages may not add due to rounding. ($ in 000s) Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 2011 2010 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ %(1) $ %(1) $ %(1) $ % $ % U.S. Dermatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . Canada and Australia . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444,545 274,154 46,433 117,159 Total segment profit . . . . . . . . . . . 882,291 38 35 9 11 25 182,888 417,514 105,335 14,915 720,652 32 51 31 2 29 46,209 252,657 51,043 16,757 366,666 21 38 32 12 31 143 261,657 (34) (143,360) (58,902) (56) 102,244 NM 136,679 NM 65 164,857 106 54,292 (11) (1,842) 161,639 22 353,986 97 (1) Represents profit as a percentage of the corresponding revenues. NM — Not meaningful Total segment profit increased $161.6 million, or 22%, to $882.3 million in 2012, compared with $720.7 million in 2011, mainly attributable to the effect of the following factors: (cid:127) in the U.S. Dermatology segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $391.2 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from the product sales of Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, OraPharma, Medicis and University Medical, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $41.3 million, in the aggregate; and (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $160.6 million (including a favorable impact of $7.8 million related to the Merger-related acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012), driven by (i) continued growth of the core dermatology brands, including Zovirax(cid:4), Elidel(cid:4), Acanya(cid:4) and CeraVe(cid:4), and the growth of these seasonal brands has increased the impact of seasonality on our business, particularly during the third quarter ‘‘back to school’’ season and (ii) a lower supply price for Zovirax(cid:4) inventory purchased from GSK, as a result of the new supply agreement that became effective with the acquisition of the U.S. rights to Zovirax(cid:4), such that we retain a greater share of the economic interest in the brand. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $211.1 million in 2012, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment; (cid:127) a decrease in contribution of $72.3 million in 2012, primarily related to divestitures and discontinuations. The largest contributor to the decrease was a reduction in IDP-111 royalty revenue of $42.8 million in 2012, as a result of the sale of IDP-111 in February 2012; and (cid:127) a decrease in service revenue contribution of $6.7 million in 2012. 46 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment: (cid:127) alliance revenue of $45.0 million recognized in the second quarter of 2012, related to the milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Potiga(cid:5); and (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business, excluding the declines described below, of $33.3 million, including the impact from higher sales of Xenazine(cid:4) which carries a lower margin than the rest of the neurology portfolio (also including a favorable impact of $9.3 million related to the Merger-related acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012). Those factors were more than offset by: (cid:127) higher amortization expense of $109.8 million in 2012 related to ezogabine/retigabine, which was reclassified from IPR&D to a finite-lived intangible asset in December 2011; (cid:127) lower sales of higher margin products such as Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Diastat(cid:4), Ultram(cid:4) ER and Wellbutrin XL(cid:4), which resulted in a decrease in contribution of $71.0 million, in the aggregate, in 2012; and (cid:127) alliance revenue of $40.0 million recognized in the second quarter of 2011, related to the milestone payment received from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4). (cid:127) in the Canada and Australia segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $103.9 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions in 2012, primarily from the sale of iNova, Dermik and Afexa products, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $26.6 million, in the aggregate, in 2012; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business (excluding the declines described below) of $39.4 million in 2012, including a favorable impact of $3.3 million related to the Merger-related acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012; and (cid:127) incremental contribution from service revenue of $3.6 million in 2012, primarily from the Dermik acquisition. Those factors were more than offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $167.5 million in 2012, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment; and (cid:127) lower sales of Cesamet(cid:4), which resulted in a decrease in contribution of $34.1 million, in the aggregate, in 2012. (cid:127) in the Emerging Markets segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $202.3 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, in 2012, primarily from the sale of iNova, Sanitas, PharmaSwiss, Probiotica and Gerot Lannach products, including lower acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $21.0 million, in the aggregate, in 2012; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $39.0 million in 2012, including a favorable impact of $6.8 million related to the Merger-related acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012; and (cid:127) an increase in alliance revenue of $14.4 million. 47 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $109.6 million in 2012, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment; (cid:127) a negative foreign currency exchange impact on the existing business contribution of $33.2 million in 2012; and (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $10.6 million in 2012. Total segment profit increased $354.0 million, or 97%, to $720.7 million in 2011, compared with $366.7 million in 2010, mainly attributable to the effect of the following factors: (cid:127) in the U.S. Dermatology segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $154.4 million, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from the product sales of Valeant, Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4), Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $9.5 million, in the aggregate; (cid:127) an increase in alliance revenue contribution of $70.4 million primarily related to the revenue from Valeant and the alliance revenue related to the out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights in the first quarter of 2011; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $60.8 million driven by a growth of the core dermatology brands, including Zovirax(cid:4), CeraVe(cid:4), and Acanya(cid:4); (cid:127) a favorable impact of $48.7 million in 2011 due to the effect of a lower supply price for Zovirax(cid:4) inventory purchased from GSK, as a result of the new supply agreement that became effective with the acquisition of the U.S. rights, such that we retain a greater share of the economic interest in the brand; and (cid:127) an increase in service revenue contribution of $7.5 million in 2011, primarily from the Valeant acquisition. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $200.3 million in 2011, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment; and (cid:127) a decrease in contribution of $4.9 million in 2011 related to divestitures and discontinuations. (cid:127) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $140.5 million from all 2010 acquisitions primarily from the product sales of Valeant, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $9.3 million; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $55.6 million (excluding the impact of generic competition described below) primarily driven by Xenazine(cid:4) product sales; and (cid:127) alliance revenue of $40.0 million in the second quarter of 2011 related to the Trobalt(cid:4) milestone payment from GSK;. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $41.8 million in 2011, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment; and (cid:127) lower sales of higher margin products such as Wellbutrin XL (cid:4), Diastat(cid:4), Cardizem(cid:4) CD and Ultram(cid:4) ER, which resulted in a decrease in contribution of $27.4 million in 2011. 48 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) in the Canada and Australia segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $99.0 million, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from the product sales of Valeant and Afexa, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $9.6 million, in the aggregate; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $16.3 million, which includes the positive contribution impact from product sales of Wellbutrin(cid:4) XL due to higher sales of Wellbutrin(cid:4) XL reflecting repositioning of product promotion; and (cid:127) an increase in service revenue contribution of $1.5 million in 2011, primarily from the Valeant acquisition. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $62.5 million in 2011, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment. (cid:127) in Emerging Markets segment: (cid:127) an increase in contribution of $270.4 million, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from the product sales of Valeant, PharmaSwiss and Sanitas, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to inventory of $30.8 million, in the aggregate; (cid:127) a positive foreign exchange impact on the existing business contribution of $11.1 million in 2011; (cid:127) an increase in contribution from product sales from the existing business of $9.0 million; and (cid:127) an increase in service revenue contribution of $8.3 million in 2011, primarily from the PharmaSwiss acquisition. Those factors were more than offset by: (cid:127) an increase in operating expenses (including amortization expense) of $302.4 million in 2011, primarily associated with the acquisitions of new businesses within the segment. 49 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Operating Expenses The following table displays the dollar amount of each operating expense category for each of the last three years, the percentage of each category compared with total revenues in the respective year, and the dollar and percentage changes in the dollar amount of each category. Percentages may not sum due to rounding. ($ in 000s) Cost of goods sold (exclusive of amortization of intangible assets shown separately below) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of alliance and service revenues . . . Selling, general and administrative . . . . . Research and development . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . Restructuring, integration and other costs In-process research and development impairments and other charges . . . . . . Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related contingent Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 2011 2010 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ %(1) $ %(1) $ %(1) $ % $ % 921,533 116,983 756,083 79,052 928,885 344,387 189,901 78,604 56,779 26 3 21 2 26 10 5 2 2 683,750 43,082 572,472 65,687 557,814 97,667 28 2 23 3 23 4 4 109,200 32,964 1 11,841 — 395,595 10,155 276,546 68,311 219,758 140,840 89,245 38,262 52,610 33 1 23 6 19 12 8 3 4 35 288,155 237,783 172 73,901 32 295,926 183,611 20 (2,624) 13,365 371,071 67 338,056 246,720 NM (43,173) 73 32,927 NM 107 (4) 154 (31) 19,955 74 80,701 45,640 NM (5,298) 44,938 NM (40,769) 22 (14) (77) consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5,266) — (10,986) — — — 5,720 (52) (10,986) NM Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,466,941 98 2,163,491 88 1,291,322 109 1,303,450 60 872,169 68 (1) Represents the percentage for each category as compared to total revenues. NM — Not meaningful Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold includes: manufacturing and packaging; the cost of products we purchase from third parties; royalty payments we make to third parties; depreciation of manufacturing facilities and equipment; and lower of cost or market adjustments to inventories. Cost of goods sold excludes the amortization of intangible assets described separately below under ‘‘— Amortization of Intangible Assets’’. Cost of goods sold increased $237.8 million, or 35%, to $921.5 million in 2012, compared with $683.8 million in 2011. The percentage increase in cost of goods sold in 2012 was lower than the corresponding 47% increase in product sales in 2012, respectively, primarily due to: (cid:127) a favorable impact from product mix and the benefits realized from worldwide manufacturing rationalization initiatives; and (cid:127) the effect of the lower supply price for Zovirax(cid:4) inventory purchased from GSK as a result of a new supply agreement that became effective with the acquisition of the U.S. rights to Zovirax(cid:4), which favorably impacted cost of goods sold during the first and second quarters of 2012. These factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an unfavorable foreign exchange impact on contribution, as the foreign exchange benefit to Cost of Goods Sold was more than offset by the negative foreign exchange impact on product sales; (cid:127) increased sales of Xenazine(cid:4) which has a lower margin than the rest of the neurology portfolio; (cid:127) decreased sales of Cesamet(cid:4) in Canada which has a higher margin than the rest of the Canadian portfolio; and 50 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) the impact of higher acquisition accounting adjustments of $19.5 million, to $78.8 million in 2012, compared with $59.3 million in 2011, related to acquired inventories that were subsequently sold in 2012. Cost of goods sold increased $288.2 million, or 73%, to $683.8 million in 2011, compared with $395.6 million in 2010. The cost of goods sold as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 33% in 2010 to 28% in 2011, primarily due to the effect of a lower supply price for Zovirax(cid:4) inventory purchased from GSK, as a result of a new supply agreement that became effective with the acquisition of the U.S. rights to Zovirax(cid:4), which favorably impacted cost of goods sold by $48.7 million in 2011. Cost of Alliance and Service Revenues Cost of alliance and services revenues reflects the costs associated with providing contract services to, and generating alliance revenue from, external customers. Cost of alliance and service revenues increased $73.9 million, or 172%, to $117.0 million in 2012, compared with $43.1 million in 2011, primarily due to the inclusion of the carrying amounts of the IDP-111 and 5-FU intangible assets of $69.2 million, in the aggregate, which were expensed on the sale of these products in the first quarter of 2012, and the inclusion of cost of service revenue from Dermik of $35.7 million, partially offset by the $30.7 million carrying amount of the Cloderm(cid:4) intangible asset, which was expensed on the out-license of the product rights in the first quarter of 2011. Cost of alliance and service revenues increased $32.9 million to $43.1 million in 2011, compared with $10.2 million in 2010, primarily due to the inclusion of the $30.7 million carrying amount of the Cloderm(cid:4) intangible asset, which was expensed on the out-license of the product rights in the first quarter of 2011. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses include: employee compensation costs associated with sales and marketing, finance, legal, information technology, human resources, and other administrative functions; outside legal fees and consultancy costs; product promotion expenses; overhead and occupancy costs; depreciation of corporate facilities and equipment; and other general and administrative costs. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $183.6 million, or 32%, to $756.1 million in 2012, compared with $572.5 million in 2011 (as a percentage of revenue, Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 21% in 2012 as compared to 23% in 2011), primarily due to: (cid:127) increased expenses in our U.S Dermatology segment ($112.9 million), Canada and Australia segment ($59.0 million) and Emerging Markets segment ($48.2 million), primarily driven by the acquisitions of new businesses within these segments. This factor was partially offset by: (cid:127) decreases of $24.9 million in share-based compensation expense charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in 2012, primarily due to the vesting of performance stock units as a result of achieving specified performance criteria recognized in 2011 and the impact of the stock option modification recognized in the first quarter of 2011, partially offset by an incremental charge of $4.8 million in 2012 as some of our performance-based RSU grants triggered a partial payout as a result of achieving certain share price appreciation conditions. Refer to note 17 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $295.9 million, or 107%, to $572.5 million in 2011, compared with $276.5 million in 2010, primarily due to: (cid:127) the addition of Valeant’s selling, general and administrative expenses, including incremental advertising costs of $64.4 million, partially offset by the realization of operating synergies and cost savings from the Merger; 51 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) the addition of selling, general and administrative expenses relating to PharmaSwiss ($60.8 million), Sanitas ($13.4 million), Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) ($2.5 million) and Afexa ($2.4 million); and (cid:127) increases of $45.6 million in share-based compensation expense charged to selling, general and administrative expenses in 2011, including an increase of approximately $21.5 million related to the amortization of the fair value increment on Valeant stock options and RSUs converted into the Company awards and the equitable adjustment to certain vested stock option awards, in connection with the post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per common share declared and paid in the fourth quarter of 2010. Research and Development Expenses Expenses related to research and development programs include: employee compensation costs; overhead and occupancy costs; depreciation of research and development facilities and equipment; clinical trial costs; clinical manufacturing and scale-up costs; and other third-party development costs. Research and development expenses increased $13.4 million, or 20%, to $79.1 million in 2012, compared with $65.7 million in 2011, primarily reflecting spending for a Phase 4 study for Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) and life-cycle management programs, partially offset by lower spending on ezogabine/retigabine reflecting the U.S. launch in the second quarter of 2012 and the IDP-108 program (an antifungal targeted to treat onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the fingernails and toenails). In July 2012, the Company submitted an NDA with the FDA for IDP-108, also known as efinaconazole, and we have received a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (‘‘PDUFA’’) date of May 24, 2013 with respect to this application. Research and development expenses declined $2.6 million, or 4%, to $65.7 million in 2011, compared with $68.3 million in 2010, which was attributable to the net effect of the termination of certain of our specialty CNS drug development programs in the fourth quarter of 2010 partially offset by the addition of a full year of Valeant’s research and development expenses in 2011. Amortization of Intangible Assets Amortization expense increased $371.1 million, or 67%, to $928.9 million in 2012, compared with $557.8 million in 2011, primarily due to (i) the amortization of the iNova, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, OraPharma, Sanitas, Gerot Lannach, PharmaSwiss and Medicis identifiable intangible assets of $210.5 million, in the aggregate, in 2012, (ii) higher amortization of ezogabine/retigabine of $109.8 million in 2012, which was reclassified from IPR&D to a finite-lived intangible asset in December 2011, (iii) impairment charges of $31.3 million related to the write-down of the carrying values of intangible assets related to certain suncare and skincare brands sold primarily in Australia, which are classified as assets held for sale as of December 31, 2012, to their estimated fair values less costs to sell, (iv) an $18.7 million impairment charge related to the write-down of the carrying value of the Dermaglow(cid:4) intangible asset, which is classified as an asset held for sale as of December 31, 2012, to its estimated fair value less costs to sell, and (v) impairment charges of $13.3 million related to the discontinuation of certain products in the Brazilian and Polish markets. As part of our ongoing assessment of potential impairment indicators related to our intangible assets, we will closely monitor the performance of our product portfolio, including ezogabine/retigabine which is marketed under a collaboration agreement with GSK and has an intangible asset with a carrying amount of $682.5 million as of December 31, 2012. If our assessment reveals indications of impairment to our assets, we may determine that an impairment charge is necessary and such charge could be material. Amortization expense increased $338.1 million, or 154%, to $557.8 million in 2011, compared with $219.8 million in 2010, primarily due to (i) the amortization of the Valeant, PharmaSwiss, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Zovirax(cid:4), and Sanitas identifiable intangible assets of $331.8 million, in the aggregate, in 2011; and (ii) $7.9 million and $19.8 million of impairment charges related to the write-down of the carrying values of the IDP-111 and 5-FU intangible assets, respectively, to their estimated fair values, less costs to sell. 52 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Restructuring, Integration and Other Costs We recognized restructuring, integration, and other costs of $344.4 million in 2012, compared with $97.7 million and $140.8 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, primarily related to the Medicis acquisition, the Merger, and other acquisitions. Refer to note 6 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. In-Process Research and Development Impairments and Other Charges In-process research and development impairments and other charges represents impairments and other costs associated with compounds, new indications, or line extensions under development that have not received regulatory approval for marketing at the time of acquisition. IPR&D acquired through an asset acquisition is written off at the acquisition date if the assets have no alternative future use. IPR&D acquired in a business combination is capitalized as indefinite-lived intangible assets (irrespective of whether these assets have an alternative future use) until completion or abandonment of the related research and development activities. Costs associated with the development of acquired IPR&D assets are expensed as incurred. In 2012, we recorded charges of $189.9 million, primarily due to (i) $133.4 million for the write-off of an acquired IPR&D asset related to the IDP-107 dermatology program, which was acquired in September 2010 as part of the Merger, (ii) an impairment charge of $24.7 million related to a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization, (iii) $12.0 million related to a payment to terminate a research and development commitment with a third party, (iv) $5.0 million related to an upfront payment to acquire the North American rights to Emervel(cid:4), (v) $5.0 million related to the IDP-108 program, including an upfront payment to expand our rights to IDP-108 to include additional territories as well as a milestone payment, and (vi) $4.3 million related to the write-off of an acquired IPR&D asset related to the termination of the MC5 program (a topical treatment for acne vulgaris), acquired as part of the Ortho Dermatologics acquisition in 2011. With respect to the IDP-107 program mentioned above, through discussion with various internal and external Key Opinion Leaders, we completed our analysis of the Phase 2 study results for IDP-107 during the third quarter of 2012. This led to our decision in the third quarter of 2012 to terminate the program and fully impair the asset. As attempts to identify a partner for the program were not successful, we do not believe the program has value to a market participant. In 2011, we recorded charges of $109.2 million related to the impairment of acquired IPR&D assets relating to the A002, A004, and A006 programs acquired as part of the Aton acquisition in 2010, as well as the IDP-109 and IDP-115 dermatology programs ($105.2 million). The impairment charges were triggered in the fourth quarter of 2011 due to unfavorable study results, feedback received from the FDA which would result in the incurrence of higher costs to perform additional studies, reassessment of risk and the probability of success, and/or pipeline prioritization decisions resulting in the re-allocation of our resources to other research and development (‘‘R&D’’) programs. In addition in 2011, we recorded a charge of $4.0 million related to the acquisition of the Canadian rights to Lodalis(cid:5), which was accounted for as a purchase of IPR&D assets with no alternative future use. Acquisition-Related Costs Acquisition-related costs increased $45.6 million, to $78.6 million in 2012, compared with $33.0 million in 2011, reflecting increased acquisition activity during 2012, primarily driven by costs associated with the Medicis acquisition. The Medicis costs included $39.2 million of expenses incurred with respect to an agreement with Galderma S.A (‘‘Galderma’’) which, among other things, resolved all claims asserted in Galderma’s pending litigation related to our acquisition of Medicis. Refer to note 3 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. Acquisition-related costs declined $5.3 million, or 14%, to $33.0 million in 2011, compared to $38.3 million in 2010, reflecting lower Merger-related expenses incurred in 2011, partially offset by acquisition-related expenses for PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, Afexa and iNova. 53 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Legal Settlements In 2012, we recorded legal settlement charges of $56.8 million, primarily due to a settlement of antitrust litigation and the associated legal fees. Refer to note 24 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. In 2011, we recorded legal settlement charges of $11.8 million primarily due to the settlement of litigation and disputes related to revenue-sharing arrangements with, or other payment obligations to, third parties. In 2010, we recorded legal settlement charges of $52.6 million in connection with agreements or agreements in principle to settle certain Biovail legacy litigation and regulatory matters. Acquisition-Related Contingent Consideration In 2012, we recognized an acquisition-related contingent consideration gain of $5.3 million, primarily driven by (1) a net gain of $10.3 million related to the iNova acquisition due to changes in the estimated probability of achieving the related milestones, partially offset by (2) a net loss of $6.5 million related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement entered into in June 2011, due to fair value adjustments to reflect accretion for the time value of money, partially offset by changes in the projected revenue forecast. Refer to note 3 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. In 2011, we recognized an acquisition-related contingent consideration gain of $11.0 million, primarily driven by the changes in fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration as follows: (1) a gain of $13.2 million and $9.2 million related to the PharmaSwiss and Aton acquisitions, respectively, partially offset by (2) a loss of $11.2 million related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement entered into in June 2011. Non-Operating Income (Expense) The following table displays each non-operating income or expense category for each of the last three years, and the dollar and percentage changes in the dollar amount of each category. ($ in 000s; Income (Expense)) Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 $ 2011 $ 2010 $ 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ % $ % Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Write-down of deferred financing charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on extinguishment of debt Foreign exchange and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain (loss) on investments, net 5,986 (473,396) (8,200) (20,080) 19,721 2,056 4,084 (333,041) (1,485) (36,844) 26,551 22,776 1,294 (84,307) (5,774) (32,413) 574 (5,552) 1,902 (140,355) 47 42 (6,715) NM (45) 16,764 (26) (6,830) (91) (20,720) 2,790 NM (248,734) NM (74) 4,289 14 (4,431) 25,977 NM 28,328 NM Total non-operating expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (473,913) (317,959) (126,178) (155,954) 49 (191,781) 152 NM — Not meaningful Interest Expense Interest expense increased $140.4 million, or 42%, to $473.4 million in 2012, compared with $333.0 million in 2011, primarily reflecting the following: (cid:127) interest expense of $167.9 million, in the aggregate, in 2012, related to the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities and our senior notes. 54 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) This factor was partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease of $10.7 million in 2012, related to the repurchases and the settlement of 5.375% senior convertible notes due 2014 (the ‘‘5.375% Convertible Notes’’) (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) a decrease of $10.0 million in 2012 due to the repayment of our previous term loan A facility in the first quarter of 2011; (cid:127) a decrease of $4.8 million in 2012 due to an adjustment to amortization of debt issuance costs related to a prior period; and (cid:127) a decrease of $4.4 million in 2012 related to the redemption of 4.0% convertible subordinated notes due 2013 (the ‘‘4% Convertible Notes’’) in the second quarter of 2011. Interest expense in 2012 includes non-cash amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing costs of $28.2 million, in the aggregate. Interest expense increased $248.7 million to $333.0 million in 2011, compared with $84.3 million in 2010, reflecting $243.4 million related to the legacy Valeant debt assumed as of the Merger Date (partially reduced by the repayment of the Term Loan A Facility in the first quarter of 2011) and the post-Merger issuances of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2010 and first quarter of 2011, $25.3 million related to the borrowings under our senior secured term loan facility in the third quarter of 2011 and the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities in the fourth quarter of 2011, partially offset by a decrease of $19.2 million in interest expense related to the repurchases of 5.375% Convertible Notes (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’). Interest expense in 2011 includes non-cash amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing costs of $25.6 million, in the aggregate. Write-Down of Deferred Financing Charges In 2012, we recorded a write-off of $8.2 million of deferred financing costs primarily due to the termination of the commitment letter entered into in connection with the financing of the Medicis acquisition. Refer to note 14 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details. In 2011, we recorded $1.5 million of charges primarily due to a write-off of $1.0 million of deferred financing costs as a result of the amendment and restatement of the credit agreement on October 20, 2011. In 2010, we recorded a write-off of $5.8 million of deferred financing costs as a result of the termination of the Biovail secured revolving credit facility as of the Merger Date. Loss on Extinguishment of Debt In 2012, we recognized losses of $20.1 million, mainly on refinancing of our term loan B facility on October 2, 2012 and the settlement of the 5.375% Convertible Notes (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’). In 2011, we recognized losses of $36.8 million, primarily related to the repurchase of a portion of the 5.375% Convertible Notes ($31.6 million) (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — 2010 Securities Repurchase Program and 2011 Securities Repurchase Program’’) and the share settlement of the 4.0% Convertible Notes ($4.7 million) (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’). In 2010, we recognized losses of $32.4 million, primarily related to the repurchase of a portion of the 5.375% Convertible Notes ($20.7 million) (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — 2010 Securities Repurchase Program’’) and on the cash settlement of the written call options on our common shares ($10.1 million). 55 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Foreign Exchange and Other Foreign exchange and other gain decreased $6.8 million, or 26%, to $19.7 million in 2012, compared with $26.6 million in 2011. The gain in 2012 was primarily due to a gain of $29.4 million related to an intercompany loan that was not designated as permanent in nature, and therefore the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates was recognized in our consolidated statements of (loss) income. As of December 31, 2012, $24.0 million of the gain on the intercompany loan was realized, all of which was realized during the first quarter of 2012. This was partially offset by the translation losses from our European operations in 2012. Foreign exchange and other increased $26.0 million to $26.6 million in 2011, compared with $0.6 million in 2010, primarily due to the $16.4 million and $2.7 million net gains realized on foreign currency forward contracts entered in connection with the acquisitions of iNova and PharmaSwiss, respectively, in 2011. Gain (Loss) on Investments, Net In March 2011, in connection with an offer to acquire Cephalon, we invested $60.0 million to acquire shares of common stock of Cephalon. On May 2, 2011, Cephalon announced that it had agreed to be acquired by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Inc. and, consequently, we disposed of our entire equity investment in Cephalon for net proceeds of $81.3 million, which resulted in a net realized gain of $21.3 million that was recognized in earnings in the second quarter of 2011. In August 2010, we disposed of our entire portfolio of auction rate securities for cash proceeds of $1.4 million and recorded a loss related to an other-than-temporary decline in the estimated fair value these securities of $5.6 million in 2010. Income Taxes The following table displays the dollar amount of the current and deferred provisions for income taxes for each of the last three years, and the dollar and percentage changes in the dollar amount of each provision. Percentages may not sum due to rounding. ($ in 000s; (Income) Expense) Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 $ 2011 $ 2010 $ 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ % $ % Current income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income tax benefit 63,526 (341,729) 39,891 (217,450) 27,333 (55,403) 23,635 59 (124,279) 57 12,558 46 (162,047) NM Total recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . (278,203) (177,559) (28,070) (100,644) 57 (149,489) NM NM — Not meaningful In 2012, our effective tax rate was impacted by (i) the release of valuation allowance against a portion of the deferred tax assets in respect of our Canadian tax attributes recognized to the extent of deferred tax liabilities from acquisition; (ii) the increase in liabilities for uncertain tax positions; (iii) the increase of taxable foreign income in Canada; (iv) non-deductible stock based compensation and realized foreign exchange gains where a full valuation allowance is recorded against tax loss carryforwards, (v) income earned in jurisdictions with a lower statutory rate than in Canada; (vi) losses in a jurisdiction with a higher statutory tax rate than in Canada, and (vii) non-deductible transaction costs incurred in connection with the Medicis acquisition. In each of the fourth quarters of 2011 and 2010, we assessed the realizability of a portion of our deferred tax assets related to operating loss carryforwards in the U.S. In 2011, management determined that U.S. federal losses previously subject to a valuation allowance due to limitation restrictions should be written off and the corresponding valuation allowance reversed as of December 31, 2011. In Canada, we released valuation allowance against a portion of the deferred tax assets in respect of our Canadian tax attributes recognized to the 56 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) extent of deferred tax liabilities from acquisition. In 2010, the Merger resulted in U.S. federal and state tax loss carryforwards becoming subject to the ownership change limitations of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and similar state legislation. As a result, we increased the valuation allowance by $45.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2010, with a corresponding decrease to net income. In Canada, due to deferred tax liabilities arising from the Merger, we reduced valuation allowance by $46.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2010, with a corresponding increase to net income. In determining the amount of the valuation allowance that was necessary, we considered the amount of U.S. tax loss carryforwards, Canadian tax loss carryforwards, scientific research and experimental development pool, and investment tax credits that we would more likely than not be able to utilize based on future sources of income. SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED) The following table presents a summary of our unaudited quarterly results of operations and operating cash flows in 2012 and 2011: ($ in 000s) 2012 2011 Q1 $ Q2 $ Q3 $ Q4 $ Q1 $ Q2 $ Q3 $ Q4 $ Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856,103 794,607 820,090 733,280 884,140 854,676 986,293 1,084,378 565,026 490,283 609,387 490,921 600,584 488,226 688,453 694,061 Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,496 86,810 29,464 (98,085) 74,743 118,466 112,358 (5,608) Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12,921) (21,607) 7,645 (89,142) 6,482 56,360 40,862 55,855 Basic (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . (0.04) (0.07) Diluted (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . (0.04) (0.07) 0.03 0.02 (0.29) (0.29) 0.02 0.02 0.19 0.17 0.13 0.13 0.18 0.18 Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . 167,230 254,602 166,827 67,919 86,330 190,656 173,707 189,780 Fourth Quarter of 2012 Compared to Fourth Quarter of 2011 Results of Operations Total revenues increased $297.8 million, or 43%, to $986.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with $688.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, reflecting the following factors: (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $112.3 million, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions in the fourth quarter of 2012, primarily from Dermik, iNova, Ortho Dermatologics and Afexa. We also recognized incremental product sales revenue of $146.0 million, in the aggregate, from all 2012 acquisitions in the fourth quarter of 2012, primarily from Medicis, OraPharma, Probiotica, Gerot Lannach, J&J North America, Atlantis and University Medical. The incremental product sales revenue from the 2011 and 2012 acquisitions includes a negative foreign exchange impact of $2.6 million, in the aggregate, in the fourth quarter of 2012; (cid:127) incremental product sales revenue of $74.5 million in 2012, related to growth from the existing business, excluding the impact of generic competition in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment and the Canada and Australia segment described below; (cid:127) an increase in alliance revenue of $14.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 in our Emerging Markets segment; and (cid:127) incremental service revenue of $7.4 million in 2012, primarily from the Dermik acquisition. 57 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) decrease in product sales of Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Diastat(cid:4) and Ultram(cid:4) in the U.S. Neurology and Other segment of $18.4 million, or 63%, in the aggregate, to $10.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with $29.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, due to generic competition; (cid:127) a negative impact from divestitures and discontinuations of $17.5 million in 2012, including a decrease of $12.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, related to IDP-111 royalty revenue as a result of the sale of IDP-111 in February 2012; and (cid:127) decrease in product sales of Cesamet(cid:4) in the Canada and Australia segment of $16.0 million, or 91%, to $1.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with $17.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, due to generic competition. Net loss was $89.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with net income of $55.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, reflecting the following factors: (cid:127) an increase of $172.5 million in restructuring, integration and other costs primarily related to restructuring and integration costs associated with the Medicis acquisition. Refer to note 6 to the 2012 Financial Statements for further details; (cid:127) an increase of $106.7 million in amortization expense primarily related to (i) the acquired identifiable intangible assets of iNova, Medicis, OraPharma, Ortho Dermatologics, Dermik and Gerot Lannach of $51.2 million, (ii) higher amortization of ezogabine/retigabine of $23.9 million, which was reclassified from IPR&D to a finite-lived intangible asset in December 2011, and (iii) incremental impairment charges of $22.3 million related to the write-downs of held for sale assets to their estimated fair values less costs to sell. Refer to note 7 to the 2012 Financial Statements for additional information regarding assets classified as held for sale and the related impairment charges; (cid:127) an increase of $61.0 million in interest expense, mainly related to the issuances of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2012 and the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) an increase of $56.2 million in selling, general and administrative expenses primarily due to increased expenses in our U.S. Dermatology segment ($34.5 million), Canada and Australia segment ($11.5 million) and Emerging Markets segment ($11.4 million), primarily driven by the acquisitions of new businesses within these segments; (cid:127) an increase of $32.5 million in acquisition-related costs primarily driven by costs associated with the Medicis acquisition; (cid:127) a $16.4 million gain realized on a foreign currency forward contract entered into in connection with the iNova acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2011 that did not similarly occur in the fourth quarter of 2012; and (cid:127) a $14.1 million increase in loss on extinguishment of debt mainly related to the refinancing of our term loan B facility on October 2, 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in contribution (product sales revenue less cost of goods sold, exclusive of amortization of intangible assets) of $199.3 million, mainly related to the incremental contribution of Medicis, Dermik, iNova, OraPharma, Ortho Dermatologics, Probiotica and Gerot Lannach; (cid:127) a decrease of $65.2 million in in-process research and development impairments and other charges mainly due to the write-off of the $105.2 million of acquired IPR&D assets relating to the A002, A004, and A006 programs acquired as part of the Aton acquisition in 2010, as well as the IDP-109 and IDP-115 dermatology programs in the fourth quarter of 2011 that did not similarly occur in the fourth 58 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) quarter of 2012. This was partially offset by impairment charges recognized in the fourth quarter of 2012 as follows: (i) $24.7 million related to a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization and (ii) $5.0 million related to an upfront payment to acquire the North American rights to Emervel(cid:4); and (cid:127) an increase in the recovery of income taxes of $52.9 million primarily due to fourth quarter 2012 impairments and the Medicis related acquisition costs. Cash Flows From Operations Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $121.9 million, or 64%, to $67.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2012, compared with $189.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) higher payments of $170.0 million related to restructuring, integration and other costs in the fourth quarter of 2012, primarily driven by the Medicis acquisition; and (cid:127) a decrease in contribution of $32.5 million, in the aggregate, from Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Cesamet(cid:4), Ultram(cid:4) ER and Diastat(cid:4) product sales in the fourth quarter of 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) an increase in cash from working capital of $27.6 million primarily related to (i) a decrease in accounts receivable of $40.6 million due to the collections of accounts receivable that were outstanding as of the end of third quarter of 2012, (ii) an increase in liabilities of $24.2 million related to the portion of Medicis acquisition-related costs for the Galderma agreement (as described above under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Acquisition-Related Costs’’) that remained unpaid as of December 31, 2012, and (iii) the impact of the changes related to timing of other receipts and payments in the ordinary course of business. These increases in cash were partially offset by $105.5 million of payments related to transaction-related costs (adviser fees, legal fees, and compensation-related costs including the pay-out of stock appreciation rights) incurred by legacy Medicis in connection with the acquisition; (cid:127) the inclusion of cash flows from the operations in the fourth quarter of 2012 from (i) the 2011 acquisitions, primarily the Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, iNova and Afexa acquisitions, and (ii) all 2012 acquisitions, primarily the acquisitions of Medicis, OraPharma, Probiotica and certain assets of Gerot Lannach, University Medical and Atlantis; and (cid:127) incremental cash flows from continued growth in the existing business. FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Selected Measures of Financial Condition The following table presents a summary of our financial condition as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: ($ in 000s; Asset (Liability)) As of December 31, 2012 $ 2011 $ Change $ % Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-lived assets(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916,091 14,912,759 (11,015,625) 3,717,398 164,111 11,637,232 (6,651,011) 3,929,830 751,980 NM 28 66 (5) 3,275,527 (4,364,614) (212,432) (1) Long-lived assets comprise property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and goodwill. 59 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents increased $752.0 million to $916.1 million as of December 31, 2012 compared with $164.1 million at December 31, 2011, which primarily reflected the following sources of cash: (cid:127) $2,217.2 million of net proceeds on the issuance of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2012 (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $1,275.2 million of net borrowings under our senior secured term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $974.0 million of net borrowings under our incremental term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $656.6 million in operating cash flows, which includes the receipt of the $45.0 million milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Potiga(cid:5) in the second quarter of 2012; (cid:127) the proceeds of $615.4 million on the sale of marketable securities assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition; and (cid:127) $66.3 million of cash proceeds related to the sale of the IDP-111 and 5-FU products in the first quarter of 2012. Those factors were partially offset by the following uses of cash: (cid:127) $3,558.8 million paid, in the aggregate, in connection with the purchases of businesses and intangible assets, mainly in respect of the Medicis, OraPharma, Gerot Lannach, QLT, J&J North America, Probiotica, Atlantis, University Medical and J&J ROW acquisitions; (cid:127) $544.2 million repayment of long-term debt assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition in December 2012; (cid:127) $280.7 million related to the repurchase of our common shares (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — 2011 Securities Repurchase Program’’); (cid:127) $220.0 million repayment under our revolving credit facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $111.3 million repayment under our senior secured term loan A facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) purchases of property, plant and equipment of $107.6 million; (cid:127) contingent consideration payments within financing activities of $103.9 million primarily related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement entered into in June 2011 and the PharmaSwiss acquisition; (cid:127) $62.1 million related to the settlement of the 5.375% Convertible Notes in the third quarter of 2012 (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); and (cid:127) $37.9 million repayment of long-term debt assumed in connection with the OraPharma acquisition in June 2012. 60 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets increased $3,275.5 million, or 28%, to $14,912.8 million as of December 31, 2012, compared with $11,637.2 million at December 31, 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) the inclusion of the identifiable intangible assets, goodwill and property, plant and equipment from the 2012 acquisitions of $4,185.7 million, in the aggregate, primarily related to the Medicis, OraPharma, Gerot Lannach, QLT, J&J North America, Probiotica, University Medical, Atlantis and J&J ROW acquisitions; (cid:127) an increase from foreign currency exchange of $189.9 million; and (cid:127) purchases of property, plant and equipment of $107.6 million. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) the depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets of $986.2 million in the aggregate; (cid:127) the write-offs of IPR&D assets of $162.4 million, in the aggregate, primarily relating to the IDP-107 dermatology program and a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product; (cid:127) the carrying amount of $60.5 million, in the aggregate, related to certain suncare and skincare brands primarily sold in Australia, which were reclassified to assets held for sale; and (cid:127) the sale of a manufacturing facility acquired in the iNova transaction for $10.2 million in the third quarter of 2012. Long-term Debt Long-term debt (including the current portion) increased $4,364.6 million, or 66%, to $11,015.6 million as of December 31, 2012, compared with $6,651.0 million at December 31, 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) net borrowings of $2,217.2 million on the issuance of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2012 (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $1,275.2 million of net borrowings under our senior secured term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) $974.0 million of net borrowings under our incremental term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); and (cid:127) the inclusion of the assumed long-term debt of Medicis of $778.0 million (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’). Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) $544.2 million repayment of long-term debt assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition in December 2012; (cid:127) $220.0 million repayment under our revolving credit facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); and (cid:127) $111.3 million repayment under our senior secured term loan A facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’). 61 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Shareholders’ Equity Shareholders’ equity decreased $212.4 million, or 5%, to $3,717.4 million as of December 31, 2012, compared with $3,929.8 million at December 31, 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) a decrease of $280.7 million related to the repurchase of our common shares in 2012; (cid:127) a net loss of $116.0 million; and (cid:127) a decrease of $43.8 million related to the settlement of the 5.375% Convertible Notes in 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a positive foreign currency translation adjustment of $161.0 million to other comprehensive income (loss), mainly due to the impact of a weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to a number of other currencies, including the Polish zloty, Mexican peso, Canadian dollar and Lithuanian litas, which increased the reported value of our net assets denominated in those currencies, partially offset by the impact of a strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to Brazil real and Australian dollar; and (cid:127) $66.2 million of share-based compensation recorded in additional paid-in capital. Cash Flows Our primary sources of cash include: the cash generated from operations, the issuance of long-term debt and borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities, and proceeds from the sale of non-core assets. Our primary uses of cash include: business development transactions, interest and principal payments, securities repurchases, restructuring activities, salaries and benefits, inventory purchases, research and development spending, sales and marketing activities, capital expenditures, legal costs, and litigation and regulatory settlements. The following table displays cash flow information for each of the last three years: ($ in 000s) Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year . . . Cash and cash equivalents, end of year . . . . . . . Years Ended December 31, Change 2012 $ 2011 $ 2010 $ 2011 to 2012 2010 to 2011 $ % $ % 656,578 (2,965,721) 640,473 (2,808,508) 263,191 228,939 16,105 (157,213) 3 6 377,282 143 (3,037,447) NM 3,057,368 1,948,165 (213,283) 1,109,203 57 2,161,448 NM 3,755 (10,288) 959 14,043 (136) (11,247) NM 751,980 164,111 916,091 (230,158) 394,269 279,806 114,463 982,138 (230,158) NM (58) (509,964) 279,806 (182) NM 164,111 394,269 751,980 NM (230,158) (58) NM — Not meaningful Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities increased $16.1 million, or 3%, to $656.6 million in 2012, compared with $640.5 million in 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) the inclusion of cash flows in 2012 from all 2011 acquisitions, primarily Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Sanitas, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, Afexa and iNova, as well as all 2012 acquisitions, primarily Medicis, OraPharma, Probiotica and certain assets of Gerot Lannach, University Medical and Atlantis, partially offset by the negative impact of foreign exchange related to these acquisitions and the existing business; 62 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) an increase in cash flows from the operations of PharmaSwiss due to the full year-to-date impact in 2012; (cid:127) the receipt of the $45.0 million milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Potiga(cid:5) in the second quarter of 2012; and (cid:127) incremental cash flows from continued growth in the existing business. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) higher payments of $236.4 million related to restructuring, integration and other costs in 2012, primarily driven by the Medicis acquisition; (cid:127) a decrease of $173.1 million related to higher interest paid on long-term debt, mainly related to the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities and our senior notes; (cid:127) an increased investment in working capital of $116.2 million primarily related to (i) $105.5 million of payments related to transaction-related costs (adviser fees, legal fees, and compensation-related costs including the pay-out of stock appreciation rights) incurred by legacy Medicis in connection with the acquisition, (ii) investments of $68.8 million in inventory to support growth of the business and manufacturing integration initiatives, and (iii) an increase of $54.9 million in accounts receivable, reflecting the growth of the business. These decreases in cash were partially offset by (i) an increase in liabilities of $24.2 million related to the portion of Medicis acquisition-related costs for the Galderma agreement (as described above under ‘‘Results of Operations — Operating Expenses — Acquisition- Related Costs’’) that remained unpaid as of December 31, 2012, and (ii) the impact of the changes related to timing of other receipts and payments in the ordinary course of business; (cid:127) a decrease in contribution of $105.1 million, in the aggregate, from Cardizem(cid:4) CD, Cesamet(cid:4), Ultram(cid:4) ER, Diastat(cid:4) and Wellbutrin XL (cid:4) product sales in 2012; (cid:127) the receipt of the $40.0 million milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4) in the second quarter of 2011; (cid:127) an increase in payments of legal settlements and related costs of $15.3 million mainly related to the settlement of antitrust litigation in the second quarter of 2012; and (cid:127) a $12.0 million payment related to the termination of a research and development commitment with a third party. Net cash provided by operating activities increased $377.3 million, or 143%, to $640.5 million in 2011, compared with $263.2 million in 2010, primarily due to: (cid:127) an increase in cash flows from the operations of Valeant due to the full year impact in 2011; (cid:127) the inclusion of cash flows from the operations of PharmaSwiss, Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Sanitas, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics and Afexa in 2011; (cid:127) the receipt of the $40.0 million milestone payment from GSK in connection with the launch of Trobalt(cid:4); (cid:127) the increased contribution from Xenazine(cid:4) and Zovirax(cid:4) product sales of $38.1 million and $94.0 million, respectively, in 2011; and (cid:127) a decrease in legal settlement payments of $17.9 million. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease of $210.2 million related to higher interest paid on long-term debt, mainly due to the issuance of the senior notes in the first quarter of 2011; and (cid:127) a decrease of $189.8 million related to changes in accounts receivable reflecting higher sales in the fourth quarter of 2011, the receivable from ValueAct related to withholding taxes on the March 2011 share 63 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) repurchase, additions of Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics accounts receivable and timing of receipts in the normal course of business. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities increased $157.2 million, or 6%, to $2,965.7 million in 2012, compared with $2,808.5 million in 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) an increase of $767.2 million in the aggregate, related to the purchases of businesses (net of cash acquired) and intangible assets in the aggregate; (cid:127) an increase of $49.1 million in purchases of property, plant and equipment; (cid:127) an increase of $36.0 million related to the receipt of the up-front payment related to the out-license of Cloderm(cid:4) in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012; and (cid:127) a net increase of $21.3 million on the disposal of the Cephalon common stock in the first nine months of 2011, representing the excess of the $81.3 million in net proceeds received over the $60.0 million paid in 2011 to acquire the shares, which did not similarly occur in 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease of $615.4 million attributable to the proceeds related to the sale of marketable securities assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition; and (cid:127) a decrease of $66.3 million attributable to the cash proceeds related to the sale of the IDP-111 and 5-FU products in the first quarter of 2012. Net cash used in investing activities was $2,808.5 million in 2011, compared with net cash provided by investing activities of $228.9 million in 2010, reflecting an increase of 3,037.4 million, primarily due to: (cid:127) payments of $2,791.5 million, in the aggregate, related to the purchases of businesses (net of cash the PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Zovirax(cid:4), acquired) and Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4), Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, Afexa and iNova acquisitions in 2011; intangible assets, mainly in respect of (cid:127) the non-recurrence of net cash acquired in the acquisition of Valeant in the prior year of $309.0 million; and (cid:127) an increase of $41.7 million in purchases of property, plant and equipment. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease of $61.2 million primarily related to the acquisition of certain specialty CNS drug development programs in 2010 that did not similarly occur in 2011; (cid:127) the receipt of the $36.0 million upfront payment related to the out-license of the Cloderm(cid:4) product rights; and (cid:127) a net gain of $21.3 million on the disposal of the Cephalon common stock, representing the excess of the $81.3 million in net proceeds received over the $60.0 million paid to acquire the shares. Financing Activities Net cash provided by financing activities increased $1,109.2 million, or 57%, to $3,057.4 million in 2012, compared with $1,948.2 million in 2011, primarily due to: (cid:127) an increase related to net proceeds of $2,217.2 million from the issuance of senior notes in the fourth quarter of 2012 (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); 64 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) an increase of $1,275.2 million of net borrowings under our senior secured term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) an increase of $974.0 million of net borrowings under our incremental term loan B facility (as described below under ‘‘Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — Financial Assets (Liabilities)’’); (cid:127) an increase of $975.0 million related to the repayment of our previous term loan A facility in 2011; (cid:127) an increase of $609.5 million related to lower repurchases of the 5.375% Convertible Notes (exclusive of the payment of accreted interest reflected as an operating activity) in 2012; (cid:127) an increase of $358.5 million related to lower repurchases of common shares in 2012; (cid:127) an increase of $66.9 million related to the settlement of the written call options in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012; (cid:127) an increase of $52.5 million, in the aggregate, related to the acquisitions of Sanitas’ and Afexa’s noncontrolling interest in 2011 that did not similarly occur in 2012; and (cid:127) an increase of $28.6 million related to lower employee withholding taxes paid on the exercise of employee share-based awards in 2012. Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease of $2,287.6 million related to net borrowings in the fourth quarter of 2011 under our senior secured term loan A facility, including a $111.3 million repayment under our senior secured term loan A facility in 2012; (cid:127) a decrease related to net proceeds of $2,139.7 million from the issuance of senior notes in the first quarter of 2011; (cid:127) $544.2 million repayment of long-term debt assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition; (cid:127) a decrease of $440.0 million in net borrowings under our revolving credit facility in 2012; (cid:127) a decrease due to higher contingent consideration payments of $72.1 million primarily related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement entered into in June 2011 and the PharmaSwiss acquisition; (cid:127) a decrease of $62.1 million related to the settlement of the 5.375% Convertible Notes in the third quarter of 2012; (cid:127) $37.9 million repayment of long-term debt assumed in connection with the OraPharma acquisition; and (cid:127) a decrease of $32.7 million in proceeds from stock option exercises, including tax benefits, in 2012. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,948.2 million in 2011, compared with net cash used in financing activities of $213.3 million in 2010, reflecting an increase of $2,161.5 million, primarily due to: (cid:127) an increase of $2,405.5 million in net borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities in the fourth quarter of 2011; (cid:127) an increase related to net proceeds of $2,139.7 million from the issuance of senior notes in the first quarter of 2011; (cid:127) an increase of $537.5 million related to the repayments of the Term Loan B Facility, Term Loan A Facility and Cambridge obligation in 2010; and (cid:127) an increase of $356.3 million related to the cash dividend paid in 2010. 65 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Those factors were partially offset by: (cid:127) a decrease related to net proceeds of $992.4 million from the issuance of the 2018 Notes in 2010; (cid:127) a decrease of $975.0 million related to the repayment of the Term Loan A Facility in the first quarter of 2011; (cid:127) a decrease of $359.2 million related to the repurchase of a portion of the 5.375% Convertible Notes (exclusive of the payment of accreted interest reflected as an operating activity) in 2011; (cid:127) a decrease of $499.6 million related to the purchase of common shares from ValueAct in 2011; (cid:127) a decrease of $79.5 million related to the repurchase of our common shares in 2011; (cid:127) $54.9 million, $34.2 million and $9.5 million paid on the redemption of a portion of the 2018 Notes, the 2016 Notes and the 2020 Notes, respectively; (cid:127) a decrease of $45.2 million related to higher employee withholding taxes paid on the exercise of employee share-based awards; (cid:127) a decrease of $36.1 million related to higher payments of debt issuance costs; (cid:127) a decrease of $29.2 million related to higher payments on call option settlements; (cid:127) payments of $28.5 million related to the acquisition of Sanitas’s noncontrolling interest in 2011; (cid:127) payments of $31.8 million primarily related to Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) contingent consideration; and (cid:127) payments of $24.0 million related to the acquisition of Afexa’s noncontrolling interest in the fourth quarter of 2011. 66 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Financial Assets (Liabilities) The following table displays our net financial liability position as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: Maturity Date As of December 31, 2012 $ 2011 $ Change $ % ($ in 000s; Asset (Liability)) Financial assets: Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total financial assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial liabilities: Brazil Uncommitted Line of Credit New Revolving Credit Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 2016 Term Loan A Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 2016 New Term Loan B Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incremental Term Loan B Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . December 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . February 2019 February 2013 Senior Notes: July 2016 6.50% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.75% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2017 6.875% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 2018 7.00% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2020 6.75% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2021 7.25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.375% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2020 6.375% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2020 July 2022 Convertible Notes: 5.375% Convertible Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2014 1.375% Convertible Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50% Convertible Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50% Convertible Notes Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2017 June 2032 June 2033 916,091 11,577 927,668 164,111 6,338 170,449 751,980 NM 83 5,239 757,219 NM (10,548) — (2,083,462) (1,275,167) (973,988) — (220,000) (2,185,520) — — (10,548) NM (100) 220,000 (5) 102,058 (1,275,167) NM (973,988) NM (915,500) (498,305) (939,277) (686,660) (650,000) (541,335) (1,724,520) (492,720) — (228,576) (5,133) (84) (898) (915,500) (497,949) (938,376) (686,228) (650,000) (540,427) — — (17,011) — — — — — — (356) — (901) — (432) — — (908) — (1,724,520) NM (492,720) NM — 17,011 (100) (228,576) NM (5,133) NM (84) NM (898) NM Total financial liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (11,026,173) (6,651,011) (4,375,162) Net financial liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10,098,505) (6,480,562) (3,617,943) 66 56 NM — Not meaningful On February 13, 2012, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the ‘‘Credit Agreement’’) with a syndicate of financial institutions and investors. As of that date, the Credit Agreement provided for a $275.0 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit for the issuance of standby and commercial letters of credit and a sublimit for swing line loans (the ‘‘Revolving Credit Facility’’), a $2.225 billion senior secured term loan A facility (the ‘‘Term Loan A Facility’’) and a $600.0 million senior secured term loan B facility (the ‘‘Term Loan B Facility’’). The Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 20, 2016 and does not amortize. The Term Loan A Facility matures on April 20, 2016 and began amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2012 at an initial annual rate of 5.0%. The amortization schedule under the Term Loan A Facility will increase to 10.0% annually commencing March 31, 2013 and 20.0% annually commencing March 31, 2014, payable in quarterly installments. The Term Loan B Facility matures on February 13, 2019 and began amortizing quarterly on June 30, 2012 at an annual rate of 1.0%. As of December 31, 2012, $2,083.5 million in term loans was outstanding under the Term Loan A Facility. On June 14, 2012, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to increase the Term Loan B Facility by $600.0 million of incremental term loans to $1.2 billion. In addition, on July 9, 2012, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors, entered into a joinder agreement to increase the 67 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Term Loan B Facility by an additional $100.0 million of incremental term loans to $1.3 billion (the Term Loan B Facility as so amended, the ‘‘Amended Term Loan B Facility’’). The incremental term loans mature on February 13, 2019, began amortizing quarterly on September 30, 2012 at an annual rate of 1.0% and have terms that are consistent with our Term Loan B Facility. On June 29, 2012, we distributed a notice of redemption to holders of our 5.375% Convertible Notes to redeem all of the outstanding 5.375% Convertible Notes on August 2, 2012 (the ‘‘Redemption Date’’), at a redemption price of 100% of the outstanding aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. On August 1, 2012, all of the outstanding 5.375% Convertible Notes were converted by holders, and on September 5, 2012, they were settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $62.1 million. Immediately prior to settlement, the carrying amount of the liability component of the 5.375% Convertible Notes was $16.0 million and the estimated fair value of the liability component was $18.3 million. The difference of $2.3 million between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the liability component was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the three-month period ended September 30, 2012. The difference of $43.8 million between the estimated fair value of the liability component of $18.3 million and the aggregate purchase price of $62.1 million resulted in charges to additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit of $0.2 million and $43.6 million, respectively. In connection with the acquisition of Medicis, we and our subsidiary, Valeant, entered into a commitment letter, dated as of September 2, 2012, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC to provide up to $2.75 billion through a bridge loan facility. On September 11, 2012, we and Valeant entered into an amended and restated commitment letter with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and other financial institutions. Subsequently, we obtained $2.75 billion in financing through a syndication of $1.0 billion in incremental term loan B loans under our existing senior secured credit facilities and the issuance of the 6.375% senior notes due 2020 (the ‘‘2020 Senior Notes’’) in the aggregate principal amount of $1.75 billion. Consequently, the commitment under the commitment letter to provide the bridge loan facility was not utilized and terminated on December 11, 2012, concurrently with the closing of the Medicis acquisition. As a result, we have written off $8.0 million of deferred financing costs. On September 11, 2012, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to increase the amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by $175.0 million to an aggregate of $450.0 million (the Revolving Credit Facility as so amended, the ‘‘New Revolving Credit Facility’’). As of December 31, 2012, we had no outstanding borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility. On September 25, 2012, our subsidiary in Brazil entered into an uncommitted unsecured line of credit with a financial institution for total availability of R$21.9 million ($10.7 million at December 31, 2012). This uncommitted line of credit bears an interest rate of the Interbank Deposit Certificate Rate plus 0.23% per month and was renewed on February 26, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had $10.5 million of borrowings under this line of credit. On October 2, 2012, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to reprice and refinance the then outstanding Amended Term Loan B Facility (‘‘Repricing Transaction’’) by issuance of $1.3 billion in incremental term loans (the ‘‘New Term Loan B Facility’’). The applicable margin for the incremental term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility is 2.25% with respect to base rate loans and 3.25% with respect to LIBO rate loans, subject to a 1.0% LIBO rate floor. The New Term Loan B Facility matures on February 13, 2019, begins amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and has other terms consistent with the Amended Term Loan B Facility. In connection with the Repricing Transaction, we paid a prepayment premium of approximately $13.0 million, equal to 1.0% of the refinanced term loans under the Amended Term Loan B Facility. In addition, repayments of outstanding loans under the New Term Loan B Facility in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to October 2, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. As of December 31, 2012, $1,275.2 million in term loans was outstanding under the New Term Loan B Facility. 68 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) On October 4, 2012, VPI Escrow Corp. (the ‘‘Issuer’’), a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of Valeant issued $1,750.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes in a private placement. The 2020 Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2020. The 2020 Senior Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.375% per year, which is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15, commencing on April 15, 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 2020 Senior Notes, we incurred approximately $26.3 million in underwriting fees, which are recognized as debt issue discount, which resulted in the net proceeds of $1,723.7 million. The proceeds from the issuance of the 2020 Senior Notes were utilized to fund (i) the transactions contemplated by an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Medicis (the ‘‘Merger Agreement’’), (ii) Medicis’ obligation to pay the conversion consideration with respect to, or repurchase of, its outstanding notes, and (iii) transaction costs and expenses incurred in connection with the Merger Agreement. An amount equal to the gross proceeds, together with cash in an amount sufficient to fund the special mandatory redemption payment (when and if due) were deposited into a segregated escrow account and were held as collateral security for the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the 2020 Senior Notes during the escrow period. At the time of the closing of the Medicis acquisition, (1) the Issuer merged with and into Valeant, with Valeant continuing as the surviving corporation, (2) Valeant assumed all of the Issuer’s obligations under the 2020 Senior Notes and the related indenture and (3) the funds previously held in escrow were released to us and were used to finance the Medicis acquisition. Concurrently with the offering of the 2020 Senior Notes on October 4, 2012, Valeant issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% senior notes due 2020 (the ‘‘6.375% Senior Notes’’) in a private placement. The 6.375% Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2020. The 6.375% Senior Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.375% per year, which is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15, commencing on April 15, 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 6.375% Senior Notes, we incurred approximately $7.5 million in underwriting fees, which are recognized as debt issue discount, which resulted in the net proceeds of $492.5 million. Valeant intends to use the net proceeds from the issuance of the 6.375% Senior Notes for general corporate purposes, including potential acquisitions. In connection with the Medicis acquisition, on December 11, 2012, the Company issued $1.0 billion in incremental term B loans (the ‘‘Incremental Term Loan B Facility’’ and together with the New Revolving Credit Facility, the New Term Loan B Facility and the Term Loan A Facility, the ‘‘Senior Secured Credit Facilities’’). The applicable margin for the incremental term loans under the Incremental Term Loan B Facility is 2.25% with respect to base rate loans and 3.25% with respect to LIBO rate loans, subject to a 1.0% LIBO rate floor. The Incremental Term Loan B Facility matures on December 11, 2019, begins amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and has terms consistent with the New Term Loan B Facility. Repayments of outstanding loans under the Incremental Term Loan B in connection with certain refinancings on or prior December 11, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. As of December 31, 2012, $974.0 million in term loans was outstanding under the Incremental Term Loan B Facility. In connection with the acquisition of Medicis, we assumed Medicis’ outstanding long-term debt, including current portion, of approximately $778.0 million at the Medicis acquisition date. The Medicis long-term debt, including current portion is comprised of the following: (i) 1.375% convertible senior notes due June 1, 2017 (the ‘‘1.375% Convertible Notes’’), (ii) 2.50% contingent convertible senior note due June 4, 2032 (the ‘‘2.50% Convertible Notes’’) and (iii) 1.50% contingent convertible senior notes due June 4, 2033 (the ‘‘1.50% Convertible Notes’’). 1.375% Convertible Notes The 1.375% Convertible Notes will mature on June 1, 2017 and pay 1.375% annual cash interest, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1. As of December 31, 2012, $228.6 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were outstanding. The 1.375% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $318.1 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of 69 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Medicis constitutes a fundamental change and a make-whole adjustment event under the terms of the 1.375% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the fundamental change and make-whole adjustment event is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require from us to (i) repurchase the 1.375% Convertible Notes by January 24, 2013 at a fundamental change repurchase price of $1,002.10 per $1,000 principal amount; (ii) surrender the notes for conversion for the make-whole adjustment by January 24, 2013 at a make-whole conversion price of $1,093.32 per $1,000 principal amount; or (iii) surrender the notes for the regular conversion by January 25, 2013 at a regular conversion price of $934.68 per $1,000 principal amount. Following January 25, 2013, the 1.375% Convertible Notes are convertible, at the holder’s option, prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2017 in the following circumstances: (1) during the five consecutive trading day period immediately following any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price of the 1.375% Convertible Notes per $1,000 principal amount for each such trading day was less than 98% of the regular conversion price; and (2) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. Subsequent to December 31, 2012, $228.4 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were converted. 2.50% Convertible Notes The 2.50% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. As of December 31, 2012, $5.1 million principal amount of the 2.50% Convertible Notes were outstanding. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $226.0 million principal amount of the 2.50% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of Medicis constitutes a change of control under the 2.50% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the change of control is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require from us to (i) repurchase the 2.50% Convertible Notes by January 22, 2013 at a change of control purchase price of $1,004.42 per $1,000 principal amount; or (ii) surrender the 2.50% Convertible Notes for conversion by December 26, 2012 at a conversion price of $1,514.63 per $1,000 principal amount. In addition, we provided notice to the holders of the 2.50% Convertible Notes that we would redeem all remaining outstanding notes on February 11, 2013, at a redemption price, payable in cash, of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, including contingent interest, if any. Holders of the 2.50% Convertible Notes could surrender these notes for conversion on or before February 7, 2013. On February 11, 2013, all of the outstanding 2.50% Convertible Notes were converted by holders and settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $5.1 million. 1.50% Convertible Notes As of December 31, 2012, $0.1 million principal amount of the 1.50% Convertible Notes were outstanding. The 1.50% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $0.1 million principal amount of the 1.50% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of Medicis constitutes a change of control under the terms of the 1.50% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the change of control is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require from us to (i) repurchase the 1.50% Convertible Notes by January 22, 2013 at a change of control purchase price of $1,002.94 per $1,000 principal amount; or (ii) surrender the 1.50% Convertible Notes for conversion by December 26, 2012 at a conversion price of $1,135.19 per $1,000 principal amount. In addition, we provided notice to the holders of the 1.50% Convertible Notes that we would redeem all remaining outstanding notes on February 11, 2013, at a redemption price, payable in cash, of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, including contingent interest, if any. Holders of the 1.50% Convertible Notes could surrender these notes for conversion on or before February 7, 2013. On February 11, 2013, all of the outstanding 1.50% Convertible Notes were converted by holders and settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $0.1 million. 70 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) On January 24, 2013, we and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement to reprice the Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Credit Facility. As amended, the applicable margins for the Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Credit Facility each were reduced by 0.75%. On February 21, 2013, we and certain of our subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to effectuate a repricing of the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility (the ‘‘Term Loan B Repricing Transaction’’) by the issuance of $1.3 billion and $1.0 billion in new incremental term loans (the ‘‘Repriced Term Loan B Facilities’’). Term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility ($1.3 billion) and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility ($1.0 billion) were either exchanged for, or repaid with the proceeds of, the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities. The applicable margins for borrowings under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities are 1.75% with respect to base rate borrowings and 2.75% with respect to LIBO rate borrowings, subject to a 0.75% LIBO rate floor. The incremental term loans under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities mature on February 13, 2019 ($1.3 billion) and December 11, 2019 ($1.0 billion), begin amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and have terms consistent with the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility, respectively. In connection with the refinancing of the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility pursuant to the Term Loan B Repricing Transaction, we paid a prepayment premium of approximately $23.0 million, equal to 1.0% of the refinanced term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility and Incremental Term Loan B Facility. In addition, repayments of outstanding loans under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to August 21, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. The senior notes issued by Valeant are senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of its subsidiaries (other than Valeant) that is a guarantor under its other senior notes. Certain of the future subsidiaries of Valeant and the Company may be required to guarantee the senior notes. The non-guarantor subsidiaries had total assets of $7,003.6 million and total liabilities of $2,009.4 million as of December 31, 2012, and net revenues of $936.3 million and net loss from operations of $169.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash flows from operations and issuances of long-term debt securities. We believe that existing cash and cash generated from operations and funds available under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities will be sufficient to meet our current liquidity needs. We have no material commitments for expenditures related to property, plant and equipment. Since part of our business strategy is to expand through strategic acquisitions, we may be required to seek additional debt financing, issue additional equity securities or sell assets, as necessary, to finance future acquisitions or for other general corporate purposes. In January 2012, Moody’s Investor Services (‘‘Moody’s’’) downgraded our senior secured debt rating from Baa3 to Ba1. At the same time, Moody’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (Ba3) and our senior unsecured debt rating (B1). On September 5, 2012, following the announcement of our planned acquisition of Medicis, Standard & Poor’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (BB) and our senior unsecured debt rating (BB(cid:6)). On September 13, 2012, Moody’s reaffirmed our Corporate Family rating (Ba3) and our senior unsecured debt rating (B1). A further downgrade would increase our cost of borrowing and may negatively impact our ability to raise additional debt capital. As of December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with all of our covenants related to our outstanding debt. As of December 31, 2012, our short-term portion of long-term debt consisted of $480.2 million, in the aggregate, primarily in term loans outstanding under the Term Loan A Facility and the New Term Loan B Facility, due in quarterly installments and the Medicis convertible notes. In addition, we have outstanding short-term borrowings of $10.5 million under our uncommitted unsecured line of credit. We believe our existing cash and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to cover these short-term debt maturities as they become due. 71 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) 2010 Securities Repurchase Program On November 4, 2010, we announced that the board of directors had approved a securities repurchase program, pursuant to which we were able to make purchases of our common shares, convertible notes and/or senior notes, from time to time, up to an aggregate maximum value of $1.5 billion, subject to any restrictions in our financing agreements and applicable law. On August 29, 2011, we announced that the board of directors had approved an increase of $300.0 million under our securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2010 Securities Repurchase Program’’). As a result, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we were able to repurchase up to $1.8 billion of our convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other notes or shares that may be issued prior to the completion of the program. The 2010 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2011. In 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased $203.8 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes for an aggregate purchase price of $619.4 million. In March 2011, we repurchased 7,366,419 of our common shares from ValueAct for an aggregate purchase price of $274.8 million. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. As of December 31, 2012, we had recorded a $21.8 million receivable from ValueAct in relation to withholding taxes on the March 2011 repurchase, and we received payment of this amount in January 2013 from ValueAct to resolve this matter. In May 2011, our subsidiary purchased 4,498,180 of our common shares from ValueAct for an aggregate purchase price of $224.8 million. In June 2011, we purchased these common shares from our subsidiary, and the common shares were subsequently cancelled. G. Mason Morfit is a partner and a member of the Management Committee of ValueAct Capital. Mr. Morfit joined our board of directors on September 28, 2010, effective with the Merger, and prior thereto served as a member of Valeant’s board of directors since 2007. ValueAct Capital is the general partner and the manager of ValueAct. In addition to the ValueAct repurchases, in 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased 1,800,000 of our common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $74.5 million. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. As a result, in 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased, in the aggregate, 13,664,599 common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $574.1 million. In 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we also redeemed $10.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2018 Notes for an aggregate purchase price of $9.9 million. In 2010, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased $126.3 million principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes for consideration of $259.2 million and 2,305,000 of our common shares for consideration of $60.1 million. In connection with the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program through the termination date of November 7, 2011, we had repurchased approximately $1.5 billion, in the aggregate, of our convertible notes, senior notes and common shares. 2011 Securities Repurchase Program On November 3, 2011, we announced that our board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2011 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 8, 2011, we may make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of our convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares, subject to any restrictions in our financing agreements and applicable law. The 2011 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2012. In 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased $1.1 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes for an aggregate purchase price of $4.0 million. In addition, in 2012, we also repurchased 5,257,454 of our common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $280.7 million, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. 72 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) In 2011, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, we repurchased $1.2 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes for an aggregate purchase price of $3.9 million. In addition, in 2011, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, we also repurchased 1,534,857 of our common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $65.1 million and we redeemed $89.9 million aggregate principal amount of our senior notes for an aggregate purchase price of $88.7 million. In connection with the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program through the termination date of November 7, 2012, we had repurchased approximately $442.4 million, in the aggregate, of our convertible notes, senior notes and common shares. 2012 Securities Repurchase Program On November 19, 2012, we announced that our board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2012 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 15, 2012, we may make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares, subject to any restrictions in our financing agreements and applicable law. The 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will terminate on November 14, 2013 or at such time as we complete our purchases. The amount of securities to be purchased and the timing of purchases under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program may be subject to various factors, which may include the price of the securities, general market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, alternate investment opportunities and restrictions under our financing agreements and applicable law. The securities to be repurchased will be funded using our cash resources. The board of directors also approved a sub-limit under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program for the repurchase of an amount of common shares equal to the greater of 10% of our public float or 5% of our issued and outstanding common shares, in each case calculated as of the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. We are permitted to make purchases of up to 15,172,149 common shares on the open market through the facilities of the NYSE, representing approximately 5% of our issued and outstanding common shares on the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. Subject to completion of appropriate filings with and approval by the TSX, we may also make purchases of our common shares over the facilities of the TSX. Purchases of common shares will be made at prevailing market prices of such shares on the NYSE or the TSX, as the case may be, at the time of the acquisition and shall be made in accordance with the respective rules and guidelines of the NYSE and the TSX. All common shares purchased under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will be cancelled. In 2012, we did not make any purchases of our senior notes or common shares under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have a material current effect or that are reasonably likely to have a material future effect on our results of operations, financial condition, capital expenditures, liquidity, or capital resources. 73 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012: ($ in 000s) Payments Due by Period Total $ 2013 $ 2014 and 2015 2016 and 2017 Thereafter $ $ $ Long-term debt obligations, including interest(1) . Acquisition-related contingent consideration(2) . . Lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase obligations(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,048,877 134,546 84,201 209,517 1,095,420 44,546 21,210 177,448 2,095,859 80,000 30,180 19,440 3,467,989 10,000 16,149 10,373 8,389,609 — 16,662 2,256 Total contractual obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,477,141 1,338,624 2,225,479 3,504,511 8,408,527 (1) Expected interest payments assume repayment of the principal amount of the debt obligations at maturity. (2) Primarily reflects the minimum guaranteed obligations related to the license agreement for Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4). These amounts do not include contingent obligations related to future milestone payments or potential royalty payments in excess of the minimum guaranteed obligations related to the Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4) license agreement. Such contingent obligations are recorded at fair value in our consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 3 ‘‘Business Combinations’’ to the 2012 Financial Statements for additional information. (3) Purchase obligations consist of agreements to purchase goods and services that are enforceable and legally binding and include obligations for minimum inventory and capital expenditures, and outsourced information technology, product promotion and clinical research services. The above table does not reflect contingent payments, including the following items: (cid:127) Contingent milestone payments of up to $659.3 million, in the aggregate, to third-parties as part of certain product development and license agreements assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition. The Medicis potential future milestone payments are predominantly based upon the achievement of certain developmental, regulatory and/or commercial milestones. Refer to Note 5 ‘‘Collaboration Agreements’’ to the 2012 Financial Statements for additional information. (cid:127) Contingent milestone payments of up to $200.0 million that we may be required to pay related to the acquisition of Princeton Pharma Holdings LLC, and its wholly-owned operating subsidiary, Aton on May 26, 2010. The Aton contingent consideration consists of future milestones predominantly based upon the achievement of approval and commercial targets for a pipeline product. (cid:127) Acquisition-related contingent consideration, including up to $114.0 million, $59.9 million and $40.0 million related to the acquisitions of OraPharma, iNova and University Medical, respectively. Refer to Note 3 ‘‘Business Combinations’’ to the 2012 Financial Statements for additional information. Also excluded from the above table is a liability for uncertain tax positions totaling $118.1 million. This liability has been excluded because we cannot currently make a reliable estimate of the period in which the liability will be payable, if ever. OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA Our common shares are listed on the TSX and the NYSE under the ticker symbol ‘‘VRX’’. At February 22, 2013, we had 305,758,623 issued and outstanding common shares, which includes 1,803,786 common shares issuable in connection with the Merger. In addition, we had 8,186,955 stock options and 1,957,351 time-based RSUs that each represent the right of a holder to receive one of the Company’s common shares, and 1,656,847 performance-based RSUs that represent the right of a holder to receive up to 400% of the RSUs granted. A maximum of 3,607,739 common shares could be issued upon vesting of the performance-based RSUs outstanding. 74 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Our business and financial results are affected by fluctuations in world financial markets, including the impacts of foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate movements. We evaluate our exposure to such risks on an ongoing basis, and seek ways to manage these risks to an acceptable level, based on management’s judgment of the appropriate trade-off between risk, opportunity and cost. We use derivative financial instruments from time to time as a risk management tool and not for trading or speculative purposes. Currently, we do not hold any significant amount of market risk sensitive instruments whose value is subject to market price risk. Inflation; Seasonality Following the Merger, we are subject to price control restriction on our pharmaceutical products in the majority of countries in which we now operate. As a result, our ability to raise prices in a timely fashion in anticipation of inflation may be limited in some markets. Historically, revenues from our business tend to be weighted slightly toward the second half of the year. This trend is driven by the third quarter ‘‘back to school’’ period which impacts demand for certain of our dermatology products. Further, sales in the fourth quarter tend to be higher based on the purchasing patterns of our customer base. However, as we continue our strategy of selective acquisitions to expand our product portfolio, there are no assurances that these historical trends will continue in the future. Foreign Currency Risk A majority of our revenue and expense activities and capital expenditures are denominated in U.S. dollars. We have foreign currency exposure primarily related to the Canadian dollar, the Polish zloty (and other Eastern European currencies), the Australian dollar, the Mexican peso, and the Brazilian real. These operations are subject to risks inherent in conducting business abroad, including price and currency exchange controls and fluctuations in the relative values of currencies. In addition, to the extent that we require, as a source of debt repayment, earnings and cash flows from some of our operations located in foreign countries, we are subject to risk of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar, relative to all other currencies in which we operate, which may materially affect our results of operations. Where possible, we manage foreign currency risk by managing same currency revenues in relation to same currency expenses. As of December 31, 2012, a 1% change in foreign currency exchange rates would have impacted our shareholders’ equity by approximately $43.2 million. In 2012, 2011 and 2010, the repurchase of $18.7 million, $205.0 million and $126.3 million principal amount of the U.S. dollar-denominated 5.375% Convertible Notes, respectively, resulted in a foreign exchange gain for Canadian income tax purposes of approximately $1.0 million, $24.0 million and $10.0 million, respectively. The 2012 payment represents the settlement of the 5.375% Convertible Notes outstanding balance. In 2012, the repurchase of principal amount of the U.S. dollar denominated New Revolving Credit Facility resulted in a foreign exchange gain of $8.0 million. As of December 31, 2012, the aggregate unrealized foreign exchange gain on the translation of the remaining principal amount of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities was approximately $31.0 million. Additionally, as of December 31, 2012, the unrealized foreign exchange gain on certain intercompany balances was equal to $317.0 million. One-half of any realized foreign exchange gain or loss will be included in our Canadian taxable income. Any resulting gain will result in a corresponding reduction in our available Canadian Non-Capital Losses, Scientific Research and Experimental Development Pool, and/or Investment Tax Credit carryforward balances. However, the repayment of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the intercompany loans does not result in a foreign exchange gain or loss being recognized in our consolidated financial statements, as these statements are prepared in U.S. dollars. Interest Rate Risk We currently do not hold financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Our financial assets are not subject to significant interest rate risk due to their short duration. The primary objective of our policy for the 75 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) investment of temporary cash surpluses is the protection of principal, and accordingly, we generally invest in high quality, liquid money market investments with varying maturities, but typically less than three months. As it is our intent and policy to hold these investments until maturity, we do not have a material exposure to interest rate risk. As of December 31, 2012, we had $6,733.9 million and $4,414.6 million principal amount of issued fixed rate debt and variable rate debt, respectively, that requires U.S. dollar repayment. The estimated fair value of our issued fixed rate debt as of December 31, 2012 was $7,251.2 million. If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our long-term debt would decrease or increase by approximately $373.9 million. We are subject to interest rate risk on our variable rate debt as changes in interest rates could adversely affect earnings and cash flows. A 100 basis-points increase in interest rates would have an annualized pre-tax effect of approximately $28.2 million in our consolidated statements of (loss) income and cash flows, based on current outstanding borrowings and effective interest rates on our variable rate debt. While our variable-rate debt may impact earnings and cash flows as interest rates change, it is not subject to changes in fair value. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES Critical accounting policies and estimates are those policies and estimates that are most important and material to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, and which require management’s most subjective and complex judgments due to the need to select policies from among alternatives available, and to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. We base our estimates on historical experience and other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, we review our estimates to ensure that these estimates appropriately reflect changes in our business and new information as it becomes available. If historical experience and other factors we use to make these estimates do not reasonably reflect future activity, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially impacted. Revenue Recognition We recognize product sales revenue when title has transferred to the customer and the customer has assumed the risks and rewards of ownership. Revenue from product sales is recognized net of provisions for estimated cash discounts, allowances, returns, rebates, and chargebacks, as well as distribution fees paid to certain of our wholesale customers. We establish these provisions concurrently with the recognition of product sales revenue. Medicis customers consist principally of financially viable wholesalers and depending on the customer, revenue is recognized based upon shipment (FOB shipping point) or receipt (FOB destination) net of estimated provisions. We recognize revenue for Dysport(cid:4), Perlane(cid:4), and Restylane(cid:4) upon the shipment from McKesson, our exclusive U.S. distributor of our aesthetics products, to physicians. Under certain product manufacturing and supply agreements, we rely on estimates for future returns, rebates and chargebacks made by our commercialization counterparties. We make adjustments as needed to state these estimates on a basis consistent with our revenue recognition policy and our methodology for estimating returns, rebates, and chargebacks related to our own direct product sales. We continually monitor our product sales provisions and evaluate the estimates used as additional information becomes available. We make adjustments to these provisions periodically to reflect new facts and circumstances that may indicate that historical experience may not be indicative of current and/or future results. We are required to make subjective judgments based primarily on our evaluation of current market conditions and trade inventory levels related to our products. This evaluation may result in an increase or decrease in the experience rate that is applied to current and future sales, or an adjustment related to past sales, or both. 76 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Product Sales Provisions The following table presents the activity and ending balances for our product sales provisions for each of the last three years. Discounts and Allowances Returns Rebates Chargebacks Distribution Fees ($ in 000s) $ $ $ $ $ Balance, January 1, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition of Valeant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments or credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,682 3,974 24,286 — (22,293) 24,584 81,441 26,377 (3,430) (18,330) 20,934 59,914 86,527 1,236 (88,907) 2,296 8,932 35,428 — (36,415) 5,458 7,149 24,345 — (22,851) Total $ 54,954 161,410 196,963 (2,194) (188,796) Balance, December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,649 110,642 79,704 10,241 14,101 222,337 Current year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments or credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,004 — (40,891) 59,804 (7,843) (43,539) 233,050 548 (192,196) 103,249 — (98,252) 41,279 — (43,814) 478,386 (7,295) (418,692) Balance, December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,762 119,064 121,106 15,238 11,566 274,736 Acquisition of Medicis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior year provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments or credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,375 67,118 — (58,617) 61,019 57,392 (10,508) (55,868) 148,402 432,237 1,961 (334,367) 2,373 191,370 — (180,952) 7,741 44,754 — (50,186) 221,910 792,871 (8,547) (679,990) Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,638 171,099 369,339 28,029 13,875 600,980 Use of Information from External Sources In the U.S., we use information from external sources to estimate our product sales provisions. We have data sharing agreements with the three largest wholesalers in the U.S. Where we do not have data sharing agreements, we use third-party data to estimate the level of product inventories and product demand at wholesalers and retail pharmacies. Third-party data with respect to prescription demand and inventory levels are subject to the inherent limitations of estimates that rely on information from external sources, as this information may itself rely on certain estimates and reflect other limitations. Our inventory levels in the wholesale distribution channel do not vary substantially, as our distribution agreements with the three largest wholesalers in the U.S. limit the aggregate amount of inventory they can own to between 1⁄2 and 11⁄2 months of supply of our products. The inventory data from these wholesalers is provided to us in the aggregate rather than by specific lot number, which is the level of detail that would be required to determine the original sale date and remaining shelf life of the inventory. Some European countries base their rebates on the government’s unbudgeted pharmaceutical spending and we use an estimated allocation factor against our actual invoiced sales to project the expected level of reimbursement. We obtain third-party information that helps us to monitor the adequacy of these accruals. If our estimates are not indicative of actual unbudgeted spending, our results could be materially affected. Cash Discounts and Allowances We offer cash discounts for prompt payment and allowances for volume purchases to customers. Provisions for cash discounts are estimated at the time of sale and recorded as direct reductions to accounts receivable and revenue. Provisions for allowances are recorded in accrued liabilities. We estimate provisions for cash discounts and allowances based on contractual sales terms with customers, an analysis of unpaid invoices, and historical payment experience. Estimated cash discounts and allowances have historically been predictable and less 77 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) subjective, due to the limited number of assumptions involved, the consistency of historical experience, and the fact that we generally settle these amounts within one month of incurring the liability. Returns Consistent with industry practice, we generally allow customers to return product within a specified period before and after its expiration date, excluding our European businesses which generally do not carry a right of return. Our product returns provision is estimated based on historical sales and return rates over the period during which customers have a right of return. We utilize the following information to estimate our provision for returns: (cid:127) historical return and exchange levels; (cid:127) external data with respect to inventory levels in the wholesale distribution channel; (cid:127) external data with respect to prescription demand for our products; (cid:127) remaining shelf lives of our products at the date of sale; and (cid:127) estimated returns liability to be processed by year of sale based on an analysis of lot information related to actual historical returns. In determining our estimates for returns, we are required to make certain assumptions regarding the timing of the introduction of new products and the potential of these products to capture market share. In addition, we make certain assumptions with respect to the extent and pattern of decline associated with generic competition. To make these assessments, we utilize market data for similar products as analogs for our estimates. We use our best judgment to formulate these assumptions based on past experience and information available to us at the time. We continually reassess and make the appropriate changes to our estimates and assumptions as new information becomes available to us. A change of 1% in the estimated return rates would have impacted our pre-tax earnings by approximately $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Our estimate for returns may be impacted by a number of factors, but the principal factor relates to the level of inventory in the distribution channel. When we are aware of an increase in the level of inventory of our products in the distribution channel, we consider the reasons for the increase to determine if the increase may be temporary or other-than-temporary. Increases in inventory levels assessed as temporary will not differ from our original estimates of our provision for returns. Other-than-temporary increases in inventory levels, however, may be an indication that future product returns could be higher than originally anticipated, and, as a result, we may need to adjust our estimate for returns. Some of the factors that may suggest that an increase in inventory levels will be temporary include: (cid:127) recently implemented or announced price increases for our products; (cid:127) new product launches or expanded indications for our existing products; and (cid:127) timing of purchases by our wholesale customers. Conversely, factors that may suggest that an increase in inventory levels will be other-than-temporary include: (cid:127) declining sales trends based on prescription demand; (cid:127) introduction of new products or generic competition; (cid:127) increasing price competition from generic competitors; and (cid:127) recent changes to the U.S. National Drug Codes (‘‘NDC’’) of our products, which could result in a period of higher returns related to products with the old NDC, as our U.S. customers generally permit only one NDC per product for identification and tracking within their inventory systems. 78 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Our adjustments to actual in 2012 relating to prior year adjustments were $10.5 million. Our adjustments to actual in 2011 and 2010 were not material to our revenues or earnings. Rebates and Chargebacks We are subject to rebates on sales made under governmental and managed-care pricing programs in the U.S. The largest of these rebates is associated with sales covered by Medicaid. We participate in state government-managed Medicaid programs, as well as certain other qualifying federal and state government programs whereby discounts and rebates are provided to participating government entities. Medicaid rebates are generally billed 45 days after the quarter, but can be billed up to 270 days after the quarter in which the product is dispensed to the Medicaid participant. As a result, our Medicaid rebate provision includes an estimate of outstanding claims for end-customer sales that occurred but for which the related claim has not been billed, and an estimate for future claims that will be made when inventory in the distribution channel is sold through to plan participants. Our calculation also requires other estimates, such as estimates of sales mix, to determine which sales are subject to rebates and the amount of such rebates. A change of 1% in the volume of product sold through to plan participants would have impacted our pre-tax earnings by approximately $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Periodically, we adjust the Medicaid rebate provision based on actual claims paid. Due to the delay in billing, adjustments to actual claims paid may incorporate revisions of that provision for several periods. Managed Care rebates relate to our contractual agreements to sell products to managed care organizations and pharmacy benefit managers at contractual rebate percentages in exchange for volume and/or market share. Chargebacks relate to our contractual agreements to sell products to group purchasing organizations and other indirect customers at contractual prices that are lower than the list prices we charge wholesalers. When these group purchasing organizations or other indirect customers purchase our products through wholesalers at these reduced prices, the wholesaler charges us for the difference between the prices they paid us and the prices at which they sold the products to the indirect customers. Consumer Rebates and Loyalty Programs are rebates we offer on many of our products. We generally account for these programs by establishing an accrual based on our estimate of the rebate and loyalty incentives attributable to a sale. We accrue our estimates on historical experience and other relevant factors. We adjust our accruals periodically throughout each quarter based on actual experience and changes in other factors, if any, to ensure the balance is fairly stated. The provision balance for consumer rebates and loyalty programs was $66.8 million, $7.2 million and $3.4 million as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 respectively. The increase in the provision balance as of December 31, 2012 was due to the acquisition of the Medicis products. The total provision balance related to Solodyn(cid:4), Ziana(cid:4), Restylane(cid:4) and Perlane(cid:4) was $60.0 million as of December 31, 2012. In estimating our provisions for rebates and chargebacks, we consider relevant statutes with respect to governmental pricing programs and contractual sales terms with managed-care providers and group purchasing organizations. We estimate the amount of our product sales subject to these programs based on historical utilization levels. Changes in the level of utilization of our products through private or public benefit plans and group purchasing organizations will affect the amount of rebates and chargebacks that we are obligated to pay. We continually update these factors based on new contractual or statutory requirements, and any significant changes in sales trends that may impact the percentage of our products subject to rebates or chargebacks. The amount of rebates and chargebacks has become more significant as a result of a combination of deeper discounts due to the price increases we implemented in each of the last three years, changes in our product portfolio due to recent acquisitions and increased Medicaid utilization due to existing economic conditions in the U.S. Our estimate for rebates and chargebacks may be impacted by a number of factors, but the principal factor relates to the level of inventory in the distribution channel. 79 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Rebate provisions are based on factors such as timing and terms of plans under contract, time to process rebates, product pricing, sales volumes, amount of inventory in the distribution channel and prescription trends. Accordingly, we generally assume that adjustments made to rebate provisions relate to sales made in the prior years due to the delay in billing. However, we assume that adjustments made to chargebacks are generally related to sales made in the current year, as we settle these amounts within a few months of original sale. Our adjustments to actual in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were not material to our revenues or earnings. Acquisitions We account for acquired businesses using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at fair value, with limited exceptions. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Amounts allocated to acquired IPR&D are recognized at fair value and initially characterized as indefinite-lived intangible assets, irrespective of whether the acquired IPR&D has an alternative future use. If the acquired net assets do not constitute a business, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition and no goodwill is recognized. In an asset acquisition, acquired IPR&D with no alternative future use is charged to expense at the acquisition date. The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value assigned to each class of asset acquired and liability assumed can materially impact our results of operations. As part of our valuation procedures, we typically consult an independent advisor. There are several methods that can be used to determine fair value. For intangible assets, we typically use an income approach. This approach starts with a forecast of the net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset over its estimated useful life. These cash flows are then adjusted to present value by applying an appropriate discount rate that reflects the risk factors associated with the cash flow streams. Some of the more significant estimates and assumptions inherent in the income approach include: (cid:127) the amount and timing of projected future cash flows, adjusted for the probability of technical and marketing success; (cid:127) the amount and timing of projected costs to develop IPR&D into commercially viable products; (cid:127) the discount rate selected to measure the risks inherent in the future cash flows; and (cid:127) an assessment of the asset’s life-cycle and the competitive trends impacting the asset, including consideration of any technical, legal, regulatory, or economic barriers to entry. We believe the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions, however, these assumptions may be incomplete or inaccurate, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. We will finalize these amounts as we obtain the information necessary to complete the measurement processes. Any changes resulting from facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition dates may result in retrospective adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized at the acquisition dates. These changes could be significant. We will finalize these amounts no later than one year from the respective acquisition dates. Determining the useful life of an intangible asset also requires judgment, as different types of intangible assets will have different useful lives and certain assets may even be considered to have indefinite useful lives. Useful life is the period over which the intangible asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to our future cash flows. We determine the useful lives of intangible assets based on a number of factors, such as legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that may limit the useful life, and the effects of obsolescence, anticipated demand, existence or absence of competition, and other economic factors on useful life. Acquisition-Related Contingent Consideration Some of the acquisitions that we have consummated include contingent consideration to be potentially paid based upon the occurrence of future events, such as sales performance and the achievement of certain future development, regulatory and sales milestones. Acquisition-related contingent consideration is initially 80 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) recognized at fair value and then remeasured each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The estimates of fair value contain uncertainties as they involve assumptions about the likelihood of achieving specified milestone criteria, projections of future financial performance, and assumed discount rates. Changes in the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations result from several factors including changes in discount periods and rates, changes in the timing and amount of revenue estimates and changes in probability assumptions with respect to the likelihood of achieving specified milestone criteria. A change in any of these assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. Intangible Assets We evaluate potential impairments of amortizable intangible assets acquired through asset acquisitions or business combinations if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of these assets may not be recoverable. Our evaluation is based on an assessment of potential indicators of impairment, such as: (cid:127) an adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of an asset. For example, a successful challenge of our patent rights resulting in earlier than expected generic competition; (cid:127) an adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used or is expected to be used. For example, a decision not to pursue a product line-extension strategy to enhance an existing product due to changes in market conditions and/or technological advances; or (cid:127) current or forecasted operating or cash flow losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the use of an asset. For example, the introduction of a competing product that results in a significant loss of market share. Impairment exists when the carrying amount of an amortizable intangible asset is not recoverable and its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. A discounted cash flow analysis is typically used to determine fair value using estimates and assumptions that market participants would apply. Some of the estimates and assumptions inherent in a discounted cash flow model include the amount and timing of the projected future cash flows, and the discount rate used to reflect the risks inherent in the future cash flows. A change in any of these estimates and assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. In addition, an intangible asset’s expected useful life can increase estimation risk, as longer-lived assets necessarily require longer-term cash flow forecasts, which for some of our intangible assets can be up to 25 years. In connection with an impairment evaluation, we also reassess the remaining useful life of the intangible asset and modify it, as appropriate. Indefinite-lived intangible assets, including IPR&D, are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that the asset may be impaired. Impairment losses on indefinite-lived intangible assets are recognized based solely on a comparison of their fair value to carrying value, without consideration of any recoverability test. In particular, we will continue to monitor closely the progression of our R&D programs, as their likelihood of success is contingent upon the achievement of future development milestones, some of which are currently expected to occur as early as 2013. Such programs include, among others, IDP-108, Luliconazole, and Metronidazole 1.3%. Refer to ‘‘Products in Development’’ above for additional information regarding our R&D programs. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment. The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants. We operate in four business segments: U.S. Dermatology; U.S. Neurology and 81 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Other; Canada and Australia; and Emerging Markets. Each of the U.S. Dermatology, U.S. Neurology and Other consist of one reporting unit. The Canada and Australia segment consists of two geographical reporting units. The Emerging Markets segment consists of four reporting units based on geography, namely Europe, Mexico, Brazil and Southeast Asia/South Africa. We conducted our annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2012 for each of the eight reporting units. We estimated the fair values of our reporting units using a discounted cash flow analysis approach. These calculations contain uncertainties as they require us to make assumptions about future cash flows and the appropriate discount rate to reflect the risk inherent in the future cash flows. A change in any of these estimates and assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. We determined that none of the goodwill associated with our reporting units was impaired. The estimated fair values of each reporting unit substantially exceeded their carrying values at the date of testing. We applied a hypothetical 10% decrease to the fair values of each reporting unit, which at such date, would not have triggered additional impairment testing and analysis. An interim goodwill impairment test in advance of the annual impairment assessment may be required if events occur that indicate an impairment might be present. For example, a substantial decline in our market capitalization may signal that an interim impairment test is needed. Accordingly, among other factors, we monitor changes in our share price between annual impairment tests to ensure that our market capitalization continues to exceed the carrying value of our consolidated net assets. We consider a decline in our share price that corresponds to an overall deterioration in stock market conditions to be less of an indicator of goodwill impairment than a unilateral decline in our share price reflecting adverse changes in our underlying operating performance, cash flows, financial condition, and/or liquidity. In the event that our market capitalization does decline below its book value, we would consider the length and severity of the decline and the reason for the decline when assessing whether potential goodwill impairment exists. We believe that short-term fluctuations in share prices may not necessarily reflect underlying values. Contingencies In the normal course of business, we are subject to loss contingencies, such as claims and assessments arising from litigation and other legal proceedings, contractual indemnities, product and environmental liabilities, and tax matters. We are required to accrue for such loss contingencies if it is probable that the outcome will be unfavorable and if the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We disclose contingent liabilities when there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss or an additional loss may have been incurred. We are often unable to develop a best estimate of loss, in which case the minimum amount of loss, which could be zero, is recorded. We evaluate our exposure to loss based on the progress of each contingency, experience in similar contingencies, and consultation with internal and external legal counsel. We re-evaluate all contingencies as additional information becomes available. Given the uncertainties inherent in complex litigation and other contingencies, these evaluations can involve significant judgment about future events. The ultimate outcome of any litigation or other contingency may be material to our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. For a discussion of our current legal proceedings, see note 24 to the 2012 Financial Statements. Income Taxes We have operations in various countries that have differing tax laws and rates. Our tax structure is supported by current domestic tax laws in the countries in which we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting is subject to audit by domestic and foreign tax authorities. Our effective tax rate may change from year to year based on changes in the mix of activities and income allocated or earned among the different jurisdictions in which we operate, changes in tax laws in these jurisdictions, changes in tax treaties between various countries in which we operate, changes in our eligibility for benefits under those tax treaties, and changes in the estimated values of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such changes could result in an increase in the effective tax rate on all or a portion of our income and/or any of our subsidiaries. 82 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) Our provision for income taxes is based on a number of estimates and assumptions made by management. Our consolidated income tax rate is affected by the amount of income earned in our various operating jurisdictions, the availability of benefits under tax treaties, and the rates of taxes payable in respect of that income. We enter into many transactions and arrangements in the ordinary course of business in which the tax treatment is not entirely certain. We must therefore make estimates and judgments based on our knowledge and understanding of applicable tax laws and tax treaties, and the application of those tax laws and tax treaties to our business, in determining our consolidated tax provision. For example, certain countries could seek to tax a greater share of income than has been provided for by us. The final outcome of any audits by taxation authorities may differ from the estimates and assumptions we have used in determining our consolidated income tax provisions and accruals. This could result in a material effect on our consolidated income tax provision, results of operations, and financial condition for the period in which such determinations are made. Our income tax returns are subject to audit in various jurisdictions. Existing and future audits by, or other disputes with, tax authorities may not be resolved favorably for us and could have a material adverse effect on our reported effective tax rate and after-tax cash flows. We record liabilities for uncertain tax positions, which involves significant management judgment. New laws and new interpretations of laws and rulings by tax authorities may affect the liability for uncertain tax positions. Due to the subjectivity and complex nature of the underlying issues, actual payments or assessments may differ from our estimates. To the extent that our estimates differ from amounts eventually assessed and paid our income and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected. We assess whether it is more likely than not that we will realize the tax benefits associated with our deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance for assets that are not expected to result in a realized tax benefit. A significant amount of judgment is used in this process, including preparation of forecasts of future taxable income and evaluation of tax planning initiatives. If we revise these forecasts or determine that certain planning events will not occur, an adjustment to the valuation allowance will be made to tax expense in the period such determination is made. Share-Based Compensation We recognize employee share-based compensation, including grants of stock options and RSUs, at estimated fair value. As there is no market for trading our employee stock options, we use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate stock option fair values, which requires certain assumptions related to the expected life of the stock option, future stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield. The expected life of the stock option is based on historical exercise and forfeiture patterns. Effective January 1, 2012, we estimated the expected volatility of our common stock by using implied volatility in market traded options. Our decision to use implied volatility was based upon the availability of actively traded options on our common stock and our assessment that implied volatility is more representative of future stock price trends than our previously used assumption of historical volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate at the time of grant for U.S. Treasury bonds with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the stock option. Dividend yield is based on the stock option’s exercise price and expected annual dividend rate at the time of grant. Changes to any of these assumptions, or the use of a different option-pricing model, such as the lattice model, could produce a different fair value for share-based compensation expense, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. We determine the fair value of each RSU granted based on the trading price of our common shares on the date of grant, unless the vesting of the RSU is conditional on the attainment of any applicable performance goals, in which case we use a Monte Carlo simulation model. The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables to estimate the probability that the performance condition will be achieved. Changes to any of these inputs could materially affect the measurement of the fair value of the performance-based RSUs. 83 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Adoption of New Accounting Standards Information regarding the adoption of new accounting guidance is contained in note 2 to the 2012 Financial Statements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards, Not Adopted as of December 31, 2012 In July 2012, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘‘FASB’’) issued guidance intended to simplify indefinite-lived intangible impairment testing, by allowing an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that the fair value of an asset is less than its carrying amount as a basis test. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50%. This guidance is effective for annual and interim tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations. to perform a quantitative for determining whether is necessary impairment it In February 2013, the FASB issued guidance to improve the transparency of reporting reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income, by requiring an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amount being reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. The guidance is effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning December 15, 2012. As this guidance relates to presentation only, the adoption of this guidance will not have impact on our financial position or results of operations. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Caution regarding forward-looking information and statements and ‘‘Safe-Harbor’’ statements under the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: To the extent any statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K contain information that is not historical, these statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and may be forward-looking information within the meaning defined under applicable Canadian securities legislation (collectively, ‘‘forward-looking statements’’). These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things: the expected benefits of our acquisitions (including the Medicis acquisition) and other transactions, such as cost savings, operating synergies and growth potential of the Company; business plans and prospects, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results of current and anticipated products; the impact of healthcare reform; exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes and interest rate changes; the outcome of contingencies, such as certain litigation and regulatory proceedings; general market conditions; and our expectations regarding our financial performance, including revenues, expenses, gross margins, liquidity and income taxes. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of words such as ‘‘believe’’, ‘‘anticipate’’, ‘‘expect’’, ‘‘intend’’, ‘‘estimate’’, ‘‘plan’’, ‘‘continue’’, ‘‘will’’, ‘‘may’’, ‘‘could’’, ‘‘would’’, ‘‘target’’, ‘‘potential’’ and other similar expressions. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. Although we have indicated above certain of these statements set out herein, all of the statements in this Form 10-K that contain forward-looking statements are qualified by these cautionary statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward- looking statements are reasonable, such statements involve risks and uncertainties, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Certain material factors or assumptions are applied in making forward- 84 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors and assumptions regarding the items outlined above. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these expectations include, among other things, the following: (cid:127) our ability to compete against companies that are larger and have greater financial, technical and human resources than we do, as well as other competitive factors, such as technological advances achieved, patents obtained and new products introduced by our competitors; (cid:127) the introduction of generic competitors of our brand products; (cid:127) the introduction of products that compete against our products that do not have patent or data exclusivity rights, which products represent a significant portion of our revenues; (cid:127) the challenges and difficulties associated with managing the rapid growth of our Company and a large, complex business; (cid:127) our ability to identify, acquire, close and integrate acquisition targets successfully and on a timely basis; (cid:127) our ability to secure and maintain third-party research, development, manufacturing, marketing or distribution arrangements; (cid:127) factors relating to the integration of the companies, businesses and products acquired by the Company (including the integration relating to our recent acquisition of Medicis), such as the time and resources required to integrate such companies, businesses and products, the difficulties associated with such integrations, and the achievement of the anticipated benefits from such integrations; (cid:127) our eligibility for benefits under tax treaties and the continued availability of low effective tax rates for the business profits of certain of our subsidiaries; (cid:127) our substantial debt and debt service obligations and their impact on our financial condition and results of operations; (cid:127) our future cash flow, our ability to service and repay our existing debt and our ability to raise additional funds, if needed, in light of our current and projected levels of operations, acquisition activity and general economic conditions; (cid:127) interest rate risks associated with our floating debt borrowings; (cid:127) the risks associated with the international scope of our operations, including our presence in emerging markets and the challenges we face when entering new geographic markets; (cid:127) adverse global economic conditions and credit market and foreign currency exchange uncertainty in Central and Eastern European and other countries in which we do business; (cid:127) economic factors over which the Company has no control, including changes in inflation, interest rates, foreign currency rates, and the potential effect of such factors on revenues, expenses and resulting margins; (cid:127) the outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and regulatory proceedings; (cid:127) the risk that our products could cause, or be alleged to cause, personal injury, leading to potential lawsuits and/or withdrawals of products from the market; (cid:127) the difficulty in predicting the expense, timing and outcome within our legal and regulatory environment, including, but not limited to, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada and European, Asian, Brazilian and Australian regulatory approvals, legal and regulatory proceedings and settlements thereof, the protection afforded by our patents and other intellectual and proprietary property, successful generic challenges to our products and infringement or alleged infringement of the intellectual property of others; 85 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) the results of continuing safety and efficacy studies by industry and government agencies; (cid:127) the uncertainties associated with the acquisition and launch of new products, including, but not limited to, the acceptance and demand for new pharmaceutical products, and the impact of competitive products and pricing; (cid:127) the availability and extent to which our products are reimbursed by government authorities and other third party payors, as well as the impact of obtaining or maintaining such reimbursement on the price of our products; (cid:127) the inclusion of our products on formularies or our ability to achieve favorable formulary status, as well as the impact on the price of our products in connection therewith; (cid:127) the impact of price control restrictions on our products, including the risk of mandated price reductions; (cid:127) our ability to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees; (cid:127) the success of preclinical and clinical trials for our drug development pipeline or delays in clinical trials that adversely impact the timely commercialization of our pipeline products, as well as factors impacting the commercial success of our currently marketed products, which could lead to material impairment charges; (cid:127) the results of management reviews of our research and development portfolio, conducted periodically and in connection with certain acquisitions, the decisions from which could result in terminations of specific projects which, in turn, could lead to material impairment charges; (cid:127) our ability to obtain components, raw materials or finished products supplied by third parties and other manufacturing and supply difficulties and delays; (cid:127) the disruption of delivery of our products and the routine flow of manufactured goods; (cid:127) declines in the pricing and sales volume of certain of our products that are distributed by third parties, over which we have no or limited control; (cid:127) the seasonality of sales of certain of our products; (cid:127) compliance with, or the failure to comply with, health care ‘‘fraud and abuse’’ laws and other extensive regulation of our marketing, promotional and pricing practices, worldwide anti-bribery laws (including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act), worldwide environmental laws and regulation and privacy and security regulations; (cid:127) the impacts of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and other legislative and regulatory healthcare reforms in the countries in which we operate; and (cid:127) other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the ‘‘SEC’’) and the Canadian Securities Administrators (the ‘‘CSA’’), as well as our ability to anticipate and manage the risks associated with the foregoing. Additional information about these factors and about the material factors or assumptions underlying such forward-looking statements may be found elsewhere in this Form 10-K, under Item 1A. ‘‘Risk Factors’’, and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC and CSA. We caution that the foregoing list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive. When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-K or to reflect actual outcomes. 86 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING Disclosure Controls and Procedures We performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that the material financial and non-financial information required to be disclosed on reports and filed or submitted with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported in a timely manner. Based on our evaluation, our management, including the CEO and Chief Financial Officer (‘‘CFO’’), has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2012 are effective. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that our disclosure controls and procedures will detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our reports. Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our CEO and CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework described in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its evaluation under this framework, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012. The scope of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting includes all of the Company’s consolidated operations except for the operations of Medicis, OraPharma, Probiotica and certain assets acquired from Gerot Lannach and Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc. (together, the ‘‘Acquired Companies’’), which represented approximately 6% of the Company’s consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012, and assets associated with the Acquired Companies represented approximately 4% of the Company’s consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2012. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report on page F-3 of the 2012 Form 10-K. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation thereof by our management, including the CEO and CFO, during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting. 87 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk is detailed in Item 7. ‘‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk’’ and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The information required by this Item is contained in the financial statements set forth in Item 15. ‘‘Consolidated Financial Statements and ‘‘Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules’’ under the caption Supplementary Data’’ as part of this Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Not applicable. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ‘‘Exchange Act’’)) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report (the ‘‘Evaluation Date’’). Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (a) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is incorporated herein by reference from Part II, Item 8 of this report. (b) Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm. The Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is incorporated herein by reference from Part II, Item 8 of this report. (c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter of 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other Information None. 88 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance PART III Information required under this Item is incorporated herein by reference from information included in the 2013 Proxy Statement. The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, the principal accounting officer, controller, and all vice presidents and above in the finance department of the Company worldwide. A copy of the Code of Ethics can be found as an annex to our Standards of Business Conduct, which is located on our website at: www.valeant.com. We intend to satisfy the SEC disclosure requirements regarding amendments to, or waivers from, any provisions of our Code of Ethics on our website. Item 11. Executive Compensation Information required under this Item relating to executive compensation is incorporated herein by reference from information included in the 2013 Proxy Statement. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Information required under this Item relating to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans and to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated herein by reference from information included in the 2013 Proxy Statement. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Information required under this Item relating to certain relationships and transactions with related parties and about director independence is incorporated herein by reference from information included in the 2013 Proxy Statement. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services Information required under this Item relating to the fees for professional services rendered by our independent auditors in 2012 and 2011 is incorporated herein by reference from information included in the 2013 Proxy Statement. 89 Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Documents filed as a part of the report: PART IV (1) The consolidated financial statements required to be filed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K are listed on page F-1 hereof. (2) Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) Balance at Beginning of Year Charged to Costs and Expenses Charged to Other Accounts Deductions Balance at End of Year Year ended December 31, 2012 Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for inventory obsolescence . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax asset valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . Year ended December 31, 2011 Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for inventory obsolescence . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax asset valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . Year ended December 31, 2010 Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for inventory obsolescence . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax asset valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,328 $ 22,819 $128,742 $ 838 $ 22,619 $ (2,227) $ (583) $26,299 $ (2,000) $ (98) $(15,706) $ — $ 12,485 $ 56,031 $124,515 $ 6,692 $ 28,065 $186,399 $ 1,467 $ 4,051 $(35,062) $ 4,669 $ 2,730 $41,517 $ (500) $(12,027) $(64,112) $ 12,328 $ 22,819 $128,742 2,437 $ $ 8,560 $153,955 $ 531 $ 6,356 $ 22,075 $ 7,138 $18,821 $10,369 $ (3,414) $ (5,672) $ — $ 6,692 $ 28,065 $186,399 For the year ended December 31, 2012, the increase in the amounts charged to costs and expenses with respect to the allowance for inventory obsolescence was driven primarily by integration-related portfolio and manufacturing rationalization initiatives and growth in the business. With respect to the allowance for inventory obsolescence, the $26.3 million in 2012 charged to other accounts represents obsolescence reserves assumed as part of acquisitions consummated during the year, with the most significant contributors being the QLT, Medicis, and Eyetech Inc. acquisitions, which closed on September 24, 2012, December 11, 2012, and February 13, 2012, respectively. The $2.7 million in 2011 charged to other accounts represents obsolescence reserves assumed as part of acquisitions consummated during the year, with the most significant contributor being the Sanitas acquisition, which closed on August 19, 2011. The $18.8 million in 2010 charged to other accounts represents obsolescence reserves assumed as part of the Merger consummated on September 28, 2010. These assumed reserves were included as part of the purchase price allocations as of the respective acquisition dates, therefore, such amounts were not charged to costs and expenses. (3) Exhibits 90 Exhibit Number Exhibit Description INDEX TO EXHIBITS 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9* 3.1 3.2 3.3 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 20, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, Biovail Americas Corp. and Beach Merger Corp., originally filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein.†† Stock Purchase Agreement, dated January 31, 2011, between Biovail International S.a.r.l. and the stockholders of PharmaSwiss SA, originally filed as Exhibit 2.7 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein.**†† Asset Purchase Agreement, dated February 2, 2011, between Biovail Laboratories International SRL and GlaxoSmithKline LLC, originally filed as Exhibit 2.8 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein.**†† Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2011, between the Company and ValueAct Capital Master Fund, L.P., originally filed as Exhibit 2.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein.†† Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2011, between ValueAct Capital Master Fund, L.P. and 0909657 B.C. Ltd., originally filed as Exhibit 2.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein.†† Asset Purchase Agreement dated July 8, 2011 among the Company, Valeant International (Barbados) SR L and Sanofi, originally filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. **†† Asset Purchase Agreement dated July 15, 2011 among the Company (as guarantor only), Valeant International (Barbados) SRL, Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC and Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein.**†† Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 2, 2012, among the Company, Valeant, Merlin Merger Sub, Inc. and Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, originally filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 4, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2011, by and between Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation and Graceway Pharmaceuticals, LLC and the other parties signatory thereto.†† Certificate and Articles of Amalgamation of the Company, originally filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 5, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amended and Restated By-Law No. 1 of Biovail Corporation (now Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.), originally filed as Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. By-Law No. 2 of Biovail Corporation (now Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.), originally filed as Exhibit 3.3 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. 91 Exhibit Number 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Exhibit Description Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors listed therein, originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 1, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2010, by and among Valeant, Valeant Canada GP Limited, Valeant Canada LP, V-BAC Holding Corp. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors listed therein, originally filed as Exhibit 4.7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 20, 2011, by and among Valeant, Biovail International S.`a.r.l., PharmaSwiss SA and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors listed therein, originally filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 13, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Holdco 2 Pty Ltd., (ACN 154 341 367), Wirra Holdings Pty Limited, (ACN 122 216 577), Wirra Operations Pty Limited, (ACN 122 250 088), iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Ltd., iNova Sub Pty Ltd., (ACN 134 398 815), Wirra IP Pty Ltd., (ACN 000 222 408), (ACN 122 536 350), and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the guarantors listed therein, originally filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. (Barbados) SRL, Valeant Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 3, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings International Bermuda, Valeant Laboratories International Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Nominee Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.`a.r.l., Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2012, by and among Valeant, Orapharma, Inc., Orapharma Topco Holdings, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2010, among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 26, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. 92 Exhibit Number 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 Exhibit Description First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2010, by and among Valeant, Valeant Canada GP Limited, Valeant Canada LP, V-BAC Holding Corp. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, and the guarantors listed therein, originally filed as Exhibit 4.11 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 20, 2011, by and among Valeant, Biovail International S.`a.r.l., PharmaSwiss SA and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 13, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Holdco 2 Pty Ltd., (ACN 154 341 367), Wirra Holdings Pty Limited, (ACN 122 216 577), Wirra Operations Pty Limited, (ACN 122 250 088), iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Ltd., iNova Sub Pty Ltd., (ACN 134 398 815), Wirra IP Pty Ltd., (ACN 000 222 408), (ACN 122 536 350), and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. (Barbados) SRL, Valeant Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 3, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings International Bermuda, Valeant Laboratories International Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Nominee Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.`a.r.l., Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2012, by and among Valeant, Orapharma, Inc., Orapharma Topco Holdings, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2010, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 20, 2011, by and among Valeant, Biovail International S.`a.r.l., PharmaSwiss SA and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. 93 Exhibit Number 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 Exhibit Description Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 13, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Holdco 2 Pty Ltd., (ACN 154 341 367), Wirra Holdings Pty Limited, (ACN 122 216 577), Wirra Operations Pty Limited, (ACN 122 250 088), iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Ltd., (ACN 000 222 408), iNova Sub Pty Ltd., (ACN 134 398 815), Wirra IP Pty Ltd., (ACN 122 536 350), and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. (Barbados) SRL, Valeant Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 3, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings International Bermuda, Valeant Laboratories International Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Nominee Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.`a.r.l., Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2012, by and among Valeant, Orapharma, Inc., Orapharma Topco Holdings, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of February 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.8 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 10, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 20, 2011, by and among Valeant, Biovail International S.`a.r.l., PharmaSwiss SA and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 13, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Holdco 2 Pty Ltd., (ACN 154 341 367), Wirra Holdings Pty Limited, (ACN 122 216 577), Wirra Operations Pty Limited, (ACN 122 250 088), iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Ltd., (ACN 000 222 408), iNova Sub Pty Ltd., (ACN 134 398 815), Wirra IP Pty Ltd., (ACN 122 536 350), and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. 94 Exhibit Number 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 10.1† 10.2† 10.3† 10.4† Exhibit Description (Barbados) SRL, Valeant Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 3, 2012, by and among Valeant, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings International Bermuda, Valeant Laboratories International Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Nominee Bermuda, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.`a.r.l., Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2012, by and among Valeant, Orapharma, Inc., Orapharma Topco Holdings, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2011, by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, originally filed as Exhibit 4.9 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Indenture, dated as of October 4, 2012 (the ‘‘Escrow Corp Indenture’’), by and among VPI Escrow Corp. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, governing the 6.375% Senior Notes due 2020 (the ‘‘2020 Senior Notes’’), originally filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 9, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Supplemental Indenture to the Escrow Corp Indenture, dated as of October 4, 2012, by and among VPI Escrow Corp., Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee governing the 2020 Senior Notes, originally filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 9, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Indenture, dated as of October 4, 2012 (the ‘‘Concurrent Indenture’’), by and among Valeant, the Company, the guarantors named therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, governing the 6.375% Senior Notes due 2020 (the ‘‘6.375% Senior Notes’’), originally filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 9, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the ‘‘2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan’’), effective as of April 6, 2011, as amended on and approved by the shareholders on May 16, 2011, originally filed as Annex A to the Company’s Management Proxy Circular and Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 14, 2011, as amended by the Supplement dated May 10, 2011 to the Company’s Management Proxy Circular and Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Matching Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Share Unit Grant Agreement (Performance Vesting) under the 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. 95 Exhibit Number 10.5† 10.6† 10.7† 10.8† 10.9† 10.10† 10.11† 10.12† 10.13† 10.14† 10.15† 10.16† 10.17† Exhibit Description Biovail Corporation 2007 Equity Compensation Plan (the ‘‘2007 Equity Compensation Plan’’) dated as of May 16, 2007, originally filed as Exhibit 10.49 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 1 to the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan dated as of December 18, 2008, originally filed as Exhibit 10.50 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment, dated April 6, 2011 and approved by the shareholders on May 16, 2011, to the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, originally filed as Annex B to the Company’s Management Proxy Circular and Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 14, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Stock Option Grant Notice and Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.44 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Unit Grant Notice and Form of Unit Grant Agreement under the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.45 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Form of Unit Grant Notice (Performance Vesting) and Form of Unit Grant Agreement (Performance Vesting) under the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, originally filed as Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Directors Share Unit Plan, effective May 16, 2011, originally filed as Exhibit 10.6 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Biovail Corporation Deferred Share Unit Plan for Canadian Directors, approved on May 3, 2005, as amended, originally filed as Exhibit 10.57 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Biovail Corporation Deferred Share Unit Plan for U.S. Directors, approved on May 3, 2005, as amended and restated, originally filed as Exhibit 10.58 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Biovail Americas Corp. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009, originally filed as Exhibit 10.60 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Employment Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2010, by and between the Company, Biovail Laboratories International SRL and J. Michael Pearson, originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Employment Agreement between the Company and J. Michael Pearson, dated as of March 21, 2011, originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 23, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Employment Letter between the Company and Howard Schiller, dated as of November 10, 2011, originally filed as Exhibit 10.21 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. 96 Exhibit Number 10.18*† 10.19*† 10.20† 10.21† 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25* 10.26* 10.27 10.28 10.29 10.30 Exhibit Description Employment Letter between the Company and Ryan Weldon, dated as of December 11, 2012. Employment Letter between the Company and Jason Hanson, dated as of December 11, 2012. Employment Letter, dated November 11, 2010, between the Company and Rajiv De Silva, originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 17, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Separation Agreement, dated September 13, 2012, between the Company and Rajiv De Silva, originally filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of February 13, 2012, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company as Guarantors, each of the lenders named therein, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman Sachs Lending Partners LLC (‘‘GSLP’’) and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. (‘‘Morgan Stanley’’), as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (‘‘JPMorgan’’) and Morgan Stanley, as Co-Syndication Agents, JPMorgan, as Issuing Bank, GSLP, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and the other agents party thereto (the ‘‘Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’), originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 1, dated March 6, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 2, dated September 10, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 3, dated January 24, 2013, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Amendment No. 4, dated February 21, 2013, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Joinder Agreement, dated June 14, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 15, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Joinder Agreement, dated July 9, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Joinder Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Joinder Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 9, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. 97 Exhibit Number 10.31* 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.35 10.36 10.37 10.38 10.39 10.40 Exhibit Description Joinder Agreement, dated as of December 11, 2012, to the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of October 20, 2011, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantors, each of the lenders named therein, GSLP and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners, JPMorgan, as Syndication Agent and Issuing Bank, GSLP, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and the other agents party thereto (the ‘‘Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’), originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 1, dated as of February 13, 2012, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2011, among Valeant, and the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantors, each of the lenders named therein, GSLP as Sole Lead Arranger, Sole Bookrunner and Syndication Agent, and GSLP, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent (the ‘‘Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International’’), originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 12, 2011, to the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, originally filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 2, dated as of September 6, 2011, to the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, originally filed as Exhibit 10.32 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 3, dated as of October 20, 2011, to the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated June 29, 2011, among Valeant, the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantors, each of the lenders named therein, GSLP as Sole Lead Arranger, Sole Bookrunner and Syndication Agent, and GSLP, as Administrative Agent and ‘‘Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals Collateral Agent (the International’’), originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 6, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 10, 2011, to the Credit and Guaranty Agreement of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. Trademark and Domain Name License Agreement, dated as of February 22, 2011, by and between GlaxoSmithKline LLC and Biovail Laboratories International SRL, originally filed as Exhibit 10.31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. 98 Exhibit Number 10.41 10.42 10.43 10.44 10.45 10.46 10.47 10.48 10.49 10.50 10.51 21.1* 23.1* 23.2* Exhibit Description License Agreement, dated June 29, 2011, between Meda Pharma SARL and Valeant International (Barbados) SRL, originally filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein.** Plea Agreement and Side Letter, dated as of May 16, 2008, between United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts and Biovail Pharmaceuticals, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.30 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Corporate Integrity Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2009, between the Company and the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, originally filed as Exhibit 10.31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Settlement Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2009, among the United States of America, United States Department of Justice, Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services and the Company, originally filed as Exhibit 10.32 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Securities Litigation, Stipulation and Agreement of Settlement, dated as of April 4, 2008, between the United States District Court, Southern District of New York and the Company, originally filed as Exhibit 10.33 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Settlement Agreement, dated January 7, 2009, between Staff of the Ontario Securities Commission and the Company, originally filed as Exhibit 10.34 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Settlement Agreement, dated March 2008, between the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the Company, originally filed as Exhibit 10.35 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference herein. Voting Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2010, among Valeant, the Company and ValueAct, Inc., originally filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2010, which is incorporated by reference herein. Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 22, 2004, by and between Xcel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and VIATRIS GmbH and Co. KG., originally filed as Exhibit 10.7 to Valeant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 (05816114), which is incorporated by reference herein.**†† License and Collaboration Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2008, between Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America and Glaxo Group Limited (the ‘‘GSK Retigabine Agreement’’), originally filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Valeant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed August 29, 2008, which is incorporated by reference herein.** First Amendment to the GSK Retigabine Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2009, between Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America and Glaxo Group Limited, originally filed as Exhibit 10.35 to Valeant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, which is incorporated by reference herein.** Subsidiaries of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (US). Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (Canada). 99 Exhibit Number 23.3* 31.1* 31.2* 32.1* 32.2* Exhibit Description Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. *101.INS XBRL Instance Document *101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema *101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase *101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase *101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase *101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document * Filed herewith. ** Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to an application for, or an order with respect to, confidential treatment. Such information has been omitted and filed separately with the SEC. † Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. †† One or more exhibits or schedules to this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. We undertake to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule to the SEC upon request. 100 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES Date: February 28, 2013 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. (Registrant) By: /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer February 28, 2013 /s/ HOWARD B. SCHILLER Howard B. Schiller /s/ ROBERT A. INGRAM Robert A. Ingram /s/ RONALD H. FARMER Ronald H. Farmer /s/ THEO MELAS-KYRIAZI Theo Melas-Kyriazi /s/ G. MASON MORFIT G. Mason Morfit /s/ DR. LAURENCE E. PAUL Dr. Laurence E. Paul /s/ ROBERT N. POWER Robert N. Power /s/ NORMA A. PROVENCIO Norma A. Provencio /s/ LLOYD M. SEGAL Lloyd M. Segal /s/ KATHARINE B. STEVENSON Katharine B. Stevenson Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) and Director February 28, 2013 Lead Director February 28, 2013 Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director 101 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 February 28, 2013 (This page has been left blank intentionally.) VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Reports of Management on Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 . . . Page F-2 F-3 F-5 F-6 F-7 F-8 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-9 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-10 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 . . . . . F-11 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-12 F-1 REPORTS OF MANAGEMENT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING Financial Statements The Company’s management is responsible for preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (‘‘U.S. GAAP’’). In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management selects appropriate accounting policies and uses its judgment and best estimates to report events and transactions as they occur. Management has determined such amounts on a reasonable basis in order to ensure that the consolidated financial statements are presented fairly, in all material respects. Financial information included throughout this Annual Report is prepared on a basis consistent with that of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has been engaged by the Company’s shareholders to audit the consolidated financial statements. The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibility for financial reporting and is ultimately responsible for reviewing and approving the consolidated financial statements. The Board of Directors carries out this responsibility principally through its Audit and Risk Committee. The members of the Audit and Risk Committee are outside Directors. The Audit and Risk Committee considers, for review by the Board of Directors and approval by the shareholders, the engagement or reappointment of the external auditors. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has full and free access to the Audit and Risk Committee. Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on the framework described in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its evaluation under this framework, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012. The scope of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting includes all of the Company’s consolidated operations except for the operations of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc., Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda. and certain assets acquired from Gerot Lannach and Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc., (together, the’’Acquired Companies’’), which the Company acquired through purchase business combinations during the year ended December 31, 2012. The Acquired Companies represented approximately 6% of the Company’s consolidated revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012, and assets associated with the Acquired Companies represented approximately 4% of the Company’s consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2012. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report on page F-3 herein. /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer February 28, 2013 /s/ HOWARD B. SCHILLER Howard B. Schiller Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer F-2 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Shareholders and Directors of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012 and the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 2012 appearing under Item 15(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. F-3 As described in the Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management has excluded Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc., Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda. and certain assets acquired from Gerot Lannach and Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc., (together, the ‘‘Acquired Companies’’) from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 because the Acquired Companies were acquired by the Company in purchase business combinations during 2012. We have also excluded the Acquired Companies from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. The Acquired Companies are wholly-owned subsidiaries whose total assets and total revenues represent 4% and 6%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Florham Park, New Jersey February 25, 2013 F-4 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Shareholders and Directors of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2011 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 2011 appearing under Item 15(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the financial statement schedule. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. Our audit of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Toronto, Canada February 29, 2012 (except for Note 26 which contains restated segment information to reflect a new management structure, and for which the date is February 28, 2013) /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Chartered Accountants Licensed Public Accountants F-5 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., formerly Biovail Corporation, for the year ended December 31, 2010. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule II included in Item 15 for the year ended December 31, 2010. The financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and schedule based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc’s operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. Toronto, Canada February 28, 2011 /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP Chartered Accountants Licensed Public Accountants F-6 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid expenses and other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assets held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long-term assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . As of December 31, 2012 2011 916,091 4,410 913,835 531,256 125,869 90,983 195,007 2,777,451 7,167 462,724 9,308,669 5,141,366 76,422 176,580 $ 164,111 6,338 569,268 355,212 41,884 72,239 148,454 1,357,506 — 414,242 7,641,478 3,581,512 54,681 58,700 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,950,379 $13,108,119 Liabilities Current liabilities: Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current portion of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liabilities, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities for uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liabilities, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 227,384 981,282 102,559 19,910 7,032 480,182 4,403 1,822,752 36,127 352,523 10,535,443 103,658 1,248,312 134,166 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,232,981 $ 157,620 527,583 100,263 10,335 12,783 111,250 4,438 924,272 38,153 319,821 6,539,761 91,098 1,188,506 76,678 9,178,289 Shareholders’ Equity Common shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 303,861,272 and 306,371,032 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively . . . Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,940,652 267,118 (2,370,976) (119,396) 5,963,621 276,117 (2,030,292) (279,616) Total shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,717,398 3,929,830 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,950,379 $13,108,119 Commitments and contingencies (notes 24, 25 and 27) On behalf of the Board: /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON /s/ NORMA A. PROVENCIO J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Norma A. Provencio Chairperson, Audit and Risk Committee The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-7 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) INCOME (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) Revenues Product sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alliance and royalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expenses Cost of goods sold (exclusive of amortization of intangible assets shown separately below) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of alliance and service revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, general and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, integration and other costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In-process research and development impairments and other charges . Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Write-down of deferred financing charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on extinguishment of debt Foreign exchange and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain (loss) on investments, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss before recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Years Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 $3,309,895 171,841 64,890 $2,255,050 172,473 35,927 $1,133,371 35,109 12,757 3,546,626 2,463,450 1,181,237 921,533 116,983 756,083 79,052 928,885 344,387 189,901 78,604 56,779 (5,266) 683,750 43,082 572,472 65,687 557,814 97,667 109,200 32,964 11,841 (10,986) 395,595 10,155 276,546 68,311 219,758 140,840 89,245 38,262 52,610 — 3,466,941 2,163,491 1,291,322 79,685 5,986 (473,396) (8,200) (20,080) 19,721 2,056 (394,228) (278,203) 299,959 4,084 (333,041) (1,485) (36,844) 26,551 22,776 (18,000) (177,559) (110,085) 1,294 (84,307) (5,774) (32,413) 574 (5,552) (236,263) (28,070) Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (116,025) $ 159,559 $ (208,193) Basic (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ (0.38) $ (0.38) $ 0.52 0.49 $ $ (1.06) (1.06) Weighted-average common shares (000’s) Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,446 305,446 304,655 326,119 195,808 195,808 Cash dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ 1.280 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-8 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) Years Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(116,025) $ 159,559 $(208,193) Other comprehensive income (loss) Foreign currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized holding gain on auction rate securities: Arising in period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification to net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net unrealized holding gain (loss) on available-for-sale equity securities: Arising in period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification to net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net unrealized holding gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities: Arising in period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification to net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition of noncontrolling interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161,011 (381,633) 54,640 1 — — — 554 389 379 (1,634) 22,780 (21,146) — — 7 197 259 — (114) (321) — (545) 2,206 — — — Other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160,220 (378,452) 55,262 Comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 44,195 $(218,893) $(152,931) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-9 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Shareholders Common Shares Shares (000s) Amount Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Other Accumulated Comprehensive (Loss) Income Deficit Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Shareholders’ equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,311 139,267 $1,465,004 3,710,888 $ 91,768 169,413 $ (245,974) — $ 43,574 — $1,354,372 3,880,301 $ — — $1,354,372 3,880,301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes . . Balance, January 1, 2010 . . Acquisition of Valeant, equity issued . . Fair value of equity component of Valeant 4.0% . Convertible Notes and call options . Equity settlement and reclassification of call options Repurchase of equity component of 5.375% Convertible . . Common shares issued under share-based compensation . . . Employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards . . Repurchase of common shares . Share-based compensation . . . . Cash dividends declared and dividend equivalents ($1.28 . . Cash dividends reinvested through dividend reinvestment . . per share) plans . plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive loss: . . . . Net loss . . Other comprehensive income . . . . . . . Total comprehensive loss . . . Balance, December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes . plans . Settlement of 4% Convertible Notes . . Repurchase of equity component of 5.375% Convertible . . Common shares issued under share-based compensation . . . . . . . . Settlement of call options . Repurchase of common shares . Share-based compensation . . . . Employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards . . Tax benefits from stock options exercised . . Reclassification of deferred share units . . . Noncontrolling interest from business combinations . . . Acquisition of noncontrolling interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive loss: . Net income . . Other comprehensive loss . . . . . . Total comprehensive loss . . . Balance, December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes . Settlement of 5.375% Convertible Notes . Repurchase of equity component of 5.375% Convertible . . Common shares issued under share-based compensation . . . . . Repurchase of common shares . Share-based compensation . . . . Employee withholding taxes related to share-based awards . Tax benefits from stock options exercised . plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive loss: . . . . Net loss . . Other comprehensive income . . . . . . . Total comprehensive loss . . . Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — 145 — 3,602 253,971 (38,224) — 1,928 — — (20,444) (111,279) 6,959 — (2,305) — — 110,513 — (40,442) — (52,088) (14,485) — 98,033 — — (19,688) — — 7,097 (349,140) 72 2,165 — (2,165) — — — — — — — — — 253,971 (32,694) (131,723) 58,425 (14,485) (60,130) 98,033 (342,043) — 302,449 5,251,730 495,041 (726,318) 43,574 5,064,027 — — — — — — (208,193) — — 55,262 302,449 5,251,730 495,041 (934,511) 98,836 17,783 892,000 (225,971) (440,046) — — (33,169) (380,834) 4,338 (2,999) (15,200) — — — — — — 121,099 (36,343) (264,865) — — — — — — (79,382) 11,072 — 94,023 (19,211) 26,414 9,271 — (1,971) — (41,592) (374,377) — (18,491) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (208,193) 55,262 (152,931) 4,911,096 225,983 (414,003) 41,717 (66,863) (639,242) 94,023 (37,702) 26,414 9,271 — (1,971) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 58,555 (56,349) 253,971 (32,694) (131,723) 58,425 (14,485) (60,130) 98,033 (342,043) — 5,064,027 (208,193) 55,262 (152,931) 4,911,096 225,983 (414,003) 41,717 (66,863) (639,242) 94,023 (37,702) 26,414 9,271 58,555 (58,320) 306,371 5,963,621 276,117 (2,189,851) 98,836 4,148,723 2,206 4,150,929 — — — — — — 159,559 — — (378,452) 159,559 (378,452) (218,893) — (2,206) (2,206) 306,371 5,963,621 276,117 (2,030,292) (279,616) 3,929,830 — — — — (175) (43,593) (180) (2,682) 2,747 (5,257) 79,371 (102,340) — — — — — — (56,348) — 66,236 (31,073) 12,541 — (178,384) — — — — — — — — — — (43,768) (2,862) 23,023 (280,724) 66,236 (31,073) 12,541 303,861 5,940,652 267,118 (2,254,951) (279,616) 3,673,203 — — — — — — (116,025) — — 160,220 (116,025) 160,220 44,195 — — — — — — — — — — — — 159,559 (380,658) (221,099) 3,929,830 (43,768) (2,862) 23,023 (280,724) 66,236 (31,073) 12,541 3,673,203 (116,025) 160,220 44,195 303,861 $5,940,652 $ 267,118 $(2,370,976) $(119,396) $3,717,398 $ — $3,717,398 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-10 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (All dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash Flows From Operating Activities Net (loss) income . . . . Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depreciation and amortization . . Amortization and write-down of discounts and debt issuance costs . In-process research and development impairments and other charges . . . Acquisition accounting adjustment on inventory sold . . Acquisition-related contingent consideration . . . . Allowances for losses on accounts receivable and inventories . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . Loss (gain) on disposal of assets . . . . . Additions to accrued legal settlements . . . . Payments of accrued legal settlements . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . Tax benefits from stock options exercised . . Foreign exchange (gain) . . . . . (Gain) loss on sale of marketable securities and other charges . . Payment of accreted interest on contingent consideration . Other . . . . . . . Changes in operating assets and liabilities: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable . Inventories . . . Prepaid expenses and other current assets . Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities . Income taxes payable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . Cash Flows From Investing Activities . Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired . . . Acquisitions of intangible assets and other assets . . . Purchases of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of assets . . . . Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities . . Purchases of marketable securities . . . Increase in restricted cash . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash Flows From Financing Activities . Issuance of long-term debt, net of discount . . . Repayments of long-term debt . . . . Short-term debt borrowings . . . . . Short-term debt repayments . . . Cash dividends paid . . . . . . Repurchases of convertible debt . Repurchases of common shares . . . . . Proceeds from exercise of stock options . Tax benefits from stock options exercised . . . Cash settlement of convertible debt . . Cash settlement of call options . . . Acquisition of noncontrolling interest . . Payment of employee withholding tax upon vesting of share-based awards . Payments of contingent consideration . . Payments of debt issuance costs . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents . Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year . . . Cash and cash equivalents, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities . . Acquisition of Valeant, equity issued . . . Acquisition of Valeant, debt assumed . Acquisition of businesses, contingent consideration at fair value . . Settlement of convertible debt, equity issued . . . Acquisition of businesses, debt assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Years Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 $ (116,025) $ 159,559 $ (208,193) 986,222 36,402 189,901 78,822 (5,266) 21,779 (319,603) 10,780 56,779 (41,800) 66,236 (12,541) (23,839) — (2,322) (15,669) (219,431) (80,304) 54,827 (29,070) 20,700 612,603 27,103 109,200 59,256 (10,986) 5,519 (222,959) (5,314) 11,841 (26,541) 94,023 (26,533) (4,829) (21,316) — 16,966 (164,581) (11,521) (3,084) 57,564 (15,497) 254,504 21,472 89,245 53,266 — 6,887 (55,403) — 52,610 (44,450) 98,033 — (1,539) 11,603 — 7,020 25,187 7,463 7,394 (52,185) (9,723) 656,578 640,473 263,191 (3,485,286) (73,495) (107,638) 91,996 624,774 (7,200) (8,872) — (2,464,108) (327,437) (58,515) 36,000 86,639 (81,087) — — 308,982 (84,532) (16,823) 15,046 7,965 — — (1,699) (2,965,721) (2,808,508) 228,939 6,005,758 (1,929,118) 35,365 (31,075) — (3,975) (280,724) 23,026 12,541 (606,278) — — (31,073) (103,926) (33,153) — 5,388,799 (2,004,641) — — — (613,471) (639,242) 41,738 26,533 — (66,863) (52,499) (59,718) (31,800) (40,671) — 992,400 (537,500) — — (356,291) (254,316) (60,130) 58,425 — — (37,682) — (14,485) — (4,565) 861 3,057,368 1,948,165 (213,283) 3,755 (10,288) 751,980 164,111 (230,158) 394,269 959 279,806 114,463 $ 916,091 $ 164,111 $ 394,269 $ — — $ — — (145,728) — (443,481) (892,000) (825,241) — $(3,880,301) (2,913,614) — — — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-11 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS On September 28, 2010 (the ‘‘Merger Date’’), Biovail Corporation (‘‘Biovail’’) completed the acquisition of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (‘‘Valeant’’) through a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 20, 2010, with Valeant surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail (the ‘‘Merger’’). In connection with the Merger, Biovail was renamed ‘‘Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’’ (the ‘‘Company’’). On December 11, 2012, the Company completed the acquisition of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation (‘‘Medicis’’) through a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 2, 2012, with Medicis surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the ‘‘Medicis acquisition’’). The Company is a multinational, specialty pharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of pharmaceutical products and medical devices, primarily in the areas of dermatology, neurology and branded generics. 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in United States (‘‘U.S.’’) dollars and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (‘‘GAAP’’), applied on a consistent basis. As described in note 3, the Merger has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. Biovail was both the legal and accounting acquirer in the Merger. Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of Valeant from the Merger Date. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and those of its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The Company has entered into collaboration and license arrangements with other entities for various products under development. These arrangements typically include upfront and contingent milestone and royalty payments. There were no material arrangements determined to be variable interest entities. Reclassifications and Revisions Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. The Company has revised the 2011 consolidated balance sheet, the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss and the consolidated statement of shareholders’ equity to correct the foreign currency translation adjustment, which resulted in an offsetting adjustment to Deferred tax liabilities, net, Goodwill and Intangible assets, net. The Company increased Deferred tax liabilities, net by $43.6 million and decreased Goodwill and Intangible assets, net by $17.3 million and $16.3 million, respectively, with an offsetting increase in Accumulated other comprehensive loss of $77.2 million as of December 31, 2011. This revision did not have a material impact to the Company’s previously reported financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company has revised the 2011 consolidated statement of cash flows for the presentation of the proceeds from the out-license of an intangible asset to conform to the current year presentation. The F-12 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Company decreased Net cash used in investing activities with an offsetting decrease in Net cash provided by operating activities by $36.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. This revision did not have a material impact to the Company’s previously reported consolidated statement of cash flows. This change had no effect on the Company’s previously reported consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of (loss) income and consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Acquisitions Acquired businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at fair value, with limited exceptions. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Acquired in-process research and development (‘‘IPR&D’’) is recognized at fair value and initially characterized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset, irrespective of whether the acquired IPR&D has an alternative future use. If the acquired net assets do not constitute a business, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition and no goodwill is recognized. In an asset acquisition, the amount allocated to acquired IPR&D with no alternative future use is charged to expense at the acquisition date. Use of Estimates In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates made by management include: provisions for product returns, rebates and chargebacks; useful lives of amortizable intangible assets; expected future cash flows used in evaluating intangible assets for impairment; reporting unit fair values in testing goodwill for impairment; provisions for loss contingencies; provisions for income taxes, uncertain tax positions and realizability of deferred tax assets; and the allocation of the purchase price of acquired assets and businesses, including the fair value of contingent consideration. Under certain product manufacturing and supply agreements, management relies on estimates for future returns, rebates and chargebacks made by the Company’s commercialization counterparties. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates to ensure that these estimates appropriately reflect changes in the Company’s business and new information as it becomes available. If historical experience and other factors used by management to make these estimates do not reasonably reflect future activity, the Company’s consolidated financial statements could be materially impacted. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The estimated fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values due to their short maturity periods. The fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration is based on estimated discounted future cash flows and assessment of the probability of occurrence of potential future events. The fair values of marketable securities and long-term debt are based on quoted market prices, if available, or estimated discounted future cash flows. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include certificates of deposit, treasury bills, certain money-market funds, term deposits and investment-grade commercial paper with maturities of three months or less when purchased. F-13 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Marketable Securities Marketable debt securities are classified as being available-for-sale. These securities are reported at fair value with all unrealized gains and temporary unrealized losses recognized in other comprehensive income. Other-than-temporary credit losses that represent a decrease in the cash flows expected to be collected on these securities are recognized in net income. Other-than-temporary non-credit losses related to all other factors are recognized in other comprehensive income, if the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Realized gains and losses on the sale of these securities are recognized in net income. The cost of securities sold, and the amount reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings, is calculated using the specific identification method, if determinable, otherwise the average cost method is applied. The amortization of acquisition premiums or discounts is recorded as a deduction from or addition to interest income earned on these securities. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company invests its excess cash in high-quality, liquid money market instruments with varying maturities, but typically less than three months. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any significant losses on its cash or cash equivalents. In 2012, the Company’s marketable securities portfolio included the investment in auction rate floating securities (student loans) and the investment in equity securities acquired in connection with the Medicis acquisition. The investment in auction rate floating securities has a maximum term to maturity of 34 years. In 2011, the Company’s marketable securities portfolio included investment-grade corporate enterprise fixed income debt securities that matured within one year. The Company’s accounts receivable primarily arise from product sales in the U.S. and Europe and primarily represent amounts due from wholesale distributors, retail pharmacies, government entities and group purchasing organizations. Outside of the U.S., concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables, which are typically unsecured, are limited due to the number of customers using the Company’s products, as well as their dispersion across many different geographic areas. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of customers and does not require collateral. The Company monitors economic conditions, including volatility associated with international economies, and related impacts on the relevant financial markets and its business, especially in light of sovereign credit issues. The credit and economic conditions within Italy, Portugal, Spain and Greece, among other members of the European Union, have deteriorated. These conditions have increased, and may continue to increase, the average length of time that it takes to collect on the Company’s accounts receivable outstanding in these countries. An allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained for potential credit losses based on the aging of accounts receivable, historical bad debts experience, and changes in customer payment patterns. Accounts receivables balances are written off against the allowance when it is probable that the receivable will not be collected. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s three largest U.S. wholesaler customers accounted for 42% and 32% of net trade receivables, respectively. In addition, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s net trade receivable balance from Greece, Spain, Italy and Portugal amounted to $5.6 million and $7.2 million, respectively, and has been outstanding for less than one year. The portion of the Spain F-14 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) receivables past due more than 60 days is negligible. The Company has not experienced any significant losses from uncollectible accounts in the three-year period ended December 31, 2012. Inventories Inventories comprise raw materials, work in process, and finished goods, which are valued at the lower of cost or market, on a first-in, first-out basis. Cost for work in process and finished goods inventories includes materials, direct labor, and an allocation of overheads. Market for raw materials is replacement cost, and for work in process and finished goods is net realizable value. The Company evaluates the carrying value of inventories on a regular basis, taking into account such factors as historical and anticipated future sales compared with quantities on hand, the price the Company expects to obtain for products in their respective markets compared with historical cost and the remaining shelf life of goods on hand. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are reported at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Costs incurred on assets under construction are capitalized as construction in progress. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method, commencing when the assets become available for productive use, based on the following estimated useful lives: Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to 40 years Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leasehold improvements and capital leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesser of term of lease or 10 years 3 - 20 years 3 - 10 years Intangible Assets Intangible assets are reported at cost, less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives: Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partner relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Out-licensed technology and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 25 years 4 - 20 years 1 - 20 years 2 - 9 years 3 - 10 years IPR&D The fair value of IPR&D acquired through a business combination is capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until the completion or abandonment of the related research and development activities. When the related research and development is completed, the asset will be assigned a useful life and amortized. The fair value of an IPR&D intangible asset is determined using an income approach. This approach starts with a forecast of the net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset over its estimated useful life. The net cash flows reflect the asset’s stage of completion, the probability of technical success, the projected costs to complete, expected market competition, and an assessment of the asset’s life-cycle. The net cash flows F-15 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) are then adjusted to present value by applying an appropriate discount rate that reflects the risk factors associated with the cash flow streams. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Indicators of potential impairment include: an adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of the asset; an adverse change in the extent or manner in which the asset is used or is expected to be used, or in its physical condition; and current or forecasted operating or cash flow losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the use of the asset. If indicators of impairment are present, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the related estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset. If the expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, then the asset is considered to be impaired and its carrying value is written down to fair value, based on the related estimated discounted future cash flows. Indefinite-lived intangible assets, including acquired IPR&D, are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that the asset may be impaired. Impairment losses on indefinite-lived intangible assets are recognized based solely on a comparison of the fair value of the asset to its carrying value, without consideration of any recoverability test. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment. The Company operates in the following business segments: U.S. Dermatology; U.S. Neurology and Other; Canada and Australia; and Emerging Markets. U.S. Dermatology and U.S. Neurology and Other each consist of one reporting unit. The Canada and Australia segment consists of two geographical reporting units. The Emerging Markets segment consists of four reporting units based on geography, namely Europe, Mexico, Brazil and Southeast Asia/South Africa. The Company estimated the fair values of its reporting units using a discounted cash flow analysis approach. These calculations contain uncertainties as they require the Company to make assumptions about future cash flows and the appropriate discount rate to reflect the risk inherent in the future cash flows. A change in any of these estimates and assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations. During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test and determined that none of the goodwill associated with its reporting units was impaired. Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs are reported at cost, less accumulated amortization, and are recorded in other long-term assets. Amortization expense is included in interest expense. Derivative Financial Instruments From time to time, the Company utilizes derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to market risks, including foreign currency and interest rate exposures. The Company does not utilize derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes, nor does it enter into trades for which there is no F-16 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) underlying exposure. Derivative financial instruments are recorded as either assets or liabilities at fair value. The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments based on whether they meet the criteria for designation as hedging transactions, either as cash flow, net investment, or fair value hedges. Depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of a hedged item are either offset against the change in the fair value of the hedged item through earnings or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The Company did not hold any derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2012 or 2011. Foreign Currency Translation The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign operations having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date, and at the average exchange rate for the reporting period for revenue and expense accounts. The cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses on transactions occurring in a currency other than an operation’s functional currency are recognized in net income. Revenue Recognition Revenue is realized or realizable and earned when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Product Sales Product sales revenue is recognized when title has transferred to the customer and the customer has assumed the risks and rewards of ownership. Amounts received from customers as prepayments for products to be shipped in the future are recorded in deferred revenue. Revenue from product sales is recognized net of provisions for estimated discounts, allowances, returns, rebates and chargebacks. The Company offers discounts for prompt payment and other incentive allowances to customers. Provisions for discounts and allowances are estimated based on contractual sales terms with customers and historical payment experience. The Company allows customers to return product within a specified period of time before and after its expiration date. Provisions for returns are estimated based on historical return levels, taking into account additional available information on competitive products and contract changes. The Company has data sharing agreements with the three largest wholesalers in the U.S. Where the Company does not have data sharing agreements, it uses third-party data to estimate the level of product inventories and product demand at wholesalers and retail pharmacies. The Company reviews its methodology and adequacy of the provision for returns on a quarterly basis, adjusting for changes in assumptions, historical results and business practices, as necessary. The Company is subject to rebates on sales made under governmental and commercial rebate programs, and chargebacks on sales made to government agencies, retail pharmacies and group purchasing organizations. Provisions for rebates and chargebacks are estimated based on historical experience, relevant statutes with respect to governmental pricing programs, and contractual sales terms. The Company recognizes revenue for Dysport(cid:4), Perlane(cid:4), and Restylane(cid:4) upon the shipment from McKesson, the Company’s exclusive U.S. distributor of aesthetics products, to physicians. F-17 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) The Company is party to manufacturing and supply agreements with a number of commercialization counterparties in the U.S. Under the terms of these agreements, the Company’s supply prices for its products are determined after taking into consideration estimates for future returns, rebates, and chargebacks provided by each counterparty. The Company makes adjustments as needed to state these estimates on a basis consistent with this policy, and its methodology for estimating returns, rebates and chargebacks related to its own direct product sales. Alliance and Royalty The Company earns royalties and profit share revenue as a result of the licensing of product rights to third parties. Royalties and profit share revenue are earned at the time the related product is sold by the licensee based on the terms of the specific licensing agreement and when the Company has no future obligations with respect to the royalty or profit share. The Company relies on financial information provided by licensees to estimate the amounts due to it under the related agreements. The Company considers the sale or the out-license of non-core products to be part of its ongoing major and central operations. Accordingly, proceeds on the sale of non-core products are recognized as alliance revenue, with the associated costs, including the carrying amount of related assets, recorded as cost of alliance revenue. Service and Other Contract manufacturing service revenue is recognized when title has transferred to the customer and the customer has assumed the risks and rewards of ownership. Research and development service revenue attributable to the performance of contract services is recognized as the services are performed, under the proportionate performance method of revenue recognition. Performance is measured based on units-of-work performed relative to total units-of-work contracted. Units-of-work is generally measured based on hours spent. Research and Development Expenses Costs related to internal research and development programs, including costs associated with the development of acquired IPR&D, are expensed as goods are delivered or services are performed. Under certain research and development arrangements with third parties, the Company may be required to make payments that are contingent on the achievement of specific developmental, regulatory and/or commercial milestones. Before a product receives regulatory approval, milestone payments made to third parties are expensed when the milestone is achieved. Milestone payments made to third parties after regulatory approval is received are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the approved product. Amounts due from third parties as reimbursement of development activities conducted under certain research and development arrangements are recognized as a reduction of research and development expenses. Legal Costs Legal fees and other costs related to litigation and other legal proceedings are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Legal costs expensed are reported net of expected insurance recoveries. A claim for insurance recovery is recognized when the claim becomes probable of realization. F-18 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Advertising Costs Advertising costs comprise product samples, print media and promotional materials. Advertising costs related to new product launches are expensed on the first use of the advertisement. The Company deferred advertising costs recorded as of December 31, 2012 or 2011 were not material. Advertising costs expensed in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $157.6 million, $106.3 million and $29.9 million, respectively. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Share-Based Compensation The Company recognizes all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options and restricted share units (‘‘RSUs’’), at estimated fair value. The Company amortizes the fair value of stock option or RSU grants on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the individual stock option or RSU grant, which generally equals the vesting period. Stock option and RSU forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The fair value of deferred share units (‘‘DSUs’’) granted to non-management directors is recognized as compensation expense at the grant date, and a DSU liability is recorded in accrued liabilities. The fair value of the DSU liability is remeasured at each reporting date, with a corresponding adjustment to compensation expense in the reporting period. Share-based compensation is recorded in cost of goods sold, research and development expenses, selling, general and administrative expenses and restructuring and other costs, as appropriate. Acquisition-Related Contingent Consideration Acquisition-related contingent consideration, which consists primarily of potential milestone payments and royalty obligations, is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at its acquisition date estimated fair value, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting. The fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration is remeasured each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. Changes in the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations result from several factors including changes in discount periods and rates, changes in the timing and amount of revenue estimates and changes in probability assumptions with respect to the likelihood of achieving specified milestone criteria. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in fair value measurement accounting. Interest Expense Interest expense includes standby fees and the amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing costs. Interest costs are expensed as incurred, except to the extent such interest is related to construction in progress, in which case interest is capitalized. The Company did not capitalize any interest costs in 2012, 2011 or 2010 due to immateriality. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is provided for the portion of deferred F-19 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) tax assets that is more likely than not to remain unrealized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates and laws. The tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is recognized only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from such a position are measured based on the amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. Liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions are classified as long-term unless expected to be paid within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, are recorded in the provision for income taxes and classified with the related liability on the consolidated balance sheets. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period after giving effect to dilutive potential common shares for stock options, RSUs and convertible debt, determined using the treasury stock method. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income comprises net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income includes foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized temporary holding gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, and the non-credit component of other-than-temporary losses on marketable debt securities. Accumulated other comprehensive income is recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. Contingencies In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to loss contingencies, such as claims and assessments arising from litigation and other legal proceedings, contractual indemnities, product and environmental liabilities, and tax matters. Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when the Company determines that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If the estimate of the amount of the loss is a range and some amount within the range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range, that amount is accrued as a liability. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount of the range is accrued as a liability. Adoption of New Accounting Standards Effective January 1, 2012, the Company adopted the following accounting standards: (cid:127) Guidance that results in a consistent definition of fair value and common requirements for measurement of and disclosure about fair value between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (‘‘IFRS’’). The amendments change some fair value measurement principles and disclosure requirements under U.S. GAAP. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. (cid:127) Guidance requiring entities to present net income and other comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement or in two separate, but consecutive, statements of net income and other F-20 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) comprehensive income. This guidance does not change the components of other comprehensive income or the calculation of earnings per share. At that time, the effective date for amendments to the presentation of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income has been deferred. As this guidance relates to presentation only, the adoption of this guidance did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations. (cid:127) Guidance intended to simplify goodwill impairment testing, by allowing an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a two-step goodwill impairment test. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50%. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. In July 2012, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘‘FASB’’) issued guidance intended to simplify indefinite-lived intangible impairment testing, by allowing an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that the fair value of an asset is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50%. This guidance is effective for annual and interim tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. In February 2013, the FASB issued guidance to improve the transparency of reporting reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income, by requiring an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amount being reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in its entirety to net income. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts. The guidance is effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning December 15, 2012. As this guidance relates to presentation only, the adoption of this guidance will not have impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS The Company focuses its business on core geographies and therapeutic classes through selective acquisitions, dispositions and strategic partnerships with other pharmaceutical companies. (a) Business combinations in 2012 included the following: Medicis Description of the Transaction On December 11, 2012, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation (‘‘Medicis’’) for $44.00 per share (‘‘Per Share Consideration’’) for cash. Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 2, 2012, among the Company, Valeant, Merlin Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Valeant (‘‘Merger Sub’’), and Medicis, on December 11, 2012, Merger Sub merged with and into Medicis, with Medicis continuing as the surviving entity and wholly owned subsidiary of Valeant. At the effective time of this merger, each share of Medicis Class A common stock, par value $0.014 per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to F-21 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) such effective time was converted into the right to receive the Per Share Merger Consideration in cash, without interest. Each Medicis stock option and stock appreciation right, whether vested or unvested, that was outstanding immediately prior to the acquisition was cancelled and converted into the right to receive the excess, if any, of the Per Share Consideration over the exercise price of such stock option or stock appreciation right, as applicable. Each Medicis restricted share, whether vested or unvested, that was outstanding immediately prior to the acquisition was cancelled and converted into the right to receive the Per Share Consideration. Medicis is a specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses primarily on the development and marketing in the U.S. and Canada of products for the treatment of dermatological and aesthetic conditions. Medicis offers a broad range of products addressing various conditions or aesthetics improvements, including acne, actinic keratosis, facial wrinkles, glabellar lines, fungal infections, hyperpigmentation, photoaging, psoriasis, bronchospasms, external genital and perianal warts/condyloma acuminate, seborrheic dermatitis and cosmesis (improvement in the texture and appearance of skin). Medicis’ primary brands are Solodyn(cid:4), Restylane(cid:4), Perlane(cid:4), Ziana(cid:4), Dysport(cid:4) and Zyclara(cid:4). Fair Value of Consideration Transferred The following table indicates the consideration transferred to effect the acquisition of Medicis: (Number of shares, stock options and restricted share units in thousands) Conversion Calculation Fair Value Number of common shares of Medicis outstanding as of acquisition date . . . . . Multiplied by Per Share Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of stock options of Medicis cancelled and exchanged for cash(a) Number of outstanding restricted shares cancelled and exchanged for cash(a) . . . . . . . 57,135 $44.00 3,152 1,974 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,513,946 33,052 31,881 $2,578,879 (a) The cash consideration paid for Medicis stock options and restricted shares attributable to pre-combination services has been included as a component of purchase price. The remaining $77.3 million balance related to the acceleration of unvested stock options, restricted stock awards, and share appreciation rights for Medicis employees that was triggered by the change in control was recognized as a post-combination expense within Restructuring, integration and other costs in the fourth quarter of 2012. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Due to the timing of this acquisition, these amounts are provisional and subject to change. The Company will finalize these amounts as it obtains the information necessary to complete the measurement process. Any changes resulting from facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date may result in retrospective adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized at the F-22 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) acquisition date. These changes could be significant. The Company will finalize these amounts no later than one year from the acquisition date. Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term and long-term investments(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities(g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion(h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date $ 169,583 81,092 145,157 626,559 40,416 74,622 8,239 1,390,724 153,817 616 (453,909) (777,985) (205,009) (8,841) 1,245,081 1,333,798 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,578,879 (a) Both the fair value and gross contractual amount of trade accounts receivable acquired were $81.1 million. (b) Includes $109.3 million to record Medicis’s inventory at its estimated fair value. (c) Short-term and long-term investments consist of corporate and various government agency and municipal debt securities and the investments in auction rate floating securities (student loans). Subsequent to the acquisition date, the Company liquidated the majority of the investments for proceeds of $615.4 million, with the investment in auction rate floating securities and the investment in equity securities outstanding as of December 31, 2012. (d) Includes prepaid expenses and an asset related to a supplemental executive retirement program. The supplemental executive retirement program was settled as of December 31, 2012. (e) The following table summarizes the provisional amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date In-licensed products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 10 5 14 10 $ 633,429 491,627 224,985 40,683 $1,390,724 (f) The significant components of the acquired IPR&D assets relate to the development of dermatology products, such as Luliconazole, a new imidazole, antimycotic cream for the treatment of tinea cruris, pedis and corporis, and Metronidazole 1.3%, F-23 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) a topical antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis ($130.9 million, in the aggregate), and the development of several aesthetics programs ($22.9 million). A New Drug Application (‘‘NDA’’) for Luliconazole was submitted to the FDA on December 11, 2012. A multi-period excess earnings methodology (income approach) was used to determine the estimated fair values of the acquired IPR&D assets. The projected cash flows from these assets were adjusted for the probabilities of successful development and commercialization of each project. Risk-adjusted discount rates of 10% – 11% were used to present value the projected cash flows. (g) Includes accounts payable, a liability for a supplemental executive retirement program, a liability for stock appreciation rights, deferred revenue, accrued liabilities, and reserves for sales returns, rebates, managed care and Medicaid. The supplemental executive retirement program was settled as of December 31, 2012. (h) The following table summarizes the fair value of long-term debt assumed as of the acquisition date: 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50% Contingent Convertible Senior Notes(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50% Contingent Convertible Senior Notes(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total long-term debt assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date $546,668 231,111 206 $777,985 (1) During the period from the acquisition date to December 31, 2012, the Company redeemed a portion of the 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes, 2.50% Contingent Convertible Senior Notes and 1.50% Contingent Convertible Senior Notes. For further details, see note 14 titled ‘‘SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT’’. (i) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the provisional values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of Medicis with those of the Company; (cid:127) the value of the continuing operations of Medicis’ existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, Medicis’ assembled workforce). The provisional amount of goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s U.S. Dermatology segment. Acquisition-Related Costs The Company has incurred to date $55.4 million of transaction costs directly related to the Medicis acquisition, which includes $39.2 million of expenses incurred with respect to an agreement with Galderma S.A (‘‘Galderma’’) which, among other things, includes an upfront payment and royalties to be paid to Galderma on sales of Sculptra(cid:4). The agreement also resolved all claims asserted in Galderma’s pending litigation related to the Company’s acquisition of Medicis. Acquisition-related costs also include expenditures for advisory, legal, valuation, accounting and other similar services. These costs have been expensed as acquisition-related costs. Revenue and Net Loss of Medicis The revenues of Medicis for the period from the acquisition date to December 31, 2012 were $51.2 million, and the net loss, net of tax, was $135.6 million. The net loss, net of tax, includes the effects of the acquisition accounting adjustments and acquisition-related costs. F-24 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) OraPharma Description of the Transaction On June 18, 2012, the Company acquired OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc. (‘‘OraPharma’’), a specialty oral health company located in the U.S. that develops and commercializes products that improve and maintain oral health. The Company made an up-front payment of $289.3 million, and the Company may pay a series of contingent consideration payments of up to $114.0 million based on certain milestones, including certain revenue targets. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $99.2 million as of the acquisition date, for a total fair value of consideration transferred of $388.5 million. As of December 31, 2012, the assumptions used for determining fair value of the contingent consideration have not changed significantly from those used at the acquisition date. The Company also repaid at the closing $37.9 million of assumed debt. OraPharma’s lead product is Arestin(cid:4), a locally administered antibiotic for the treatment of periodontitis that utilizes an advanced controlled-release delivery system and is indicated for use in conjunction with scaling and root planing for the treatment of adult periodontitis. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported)(a) Measurement Period Adjustments(b) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion(f) . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 14,119 10,348 3,222 4,063 8,181 466,408 15,464 1,862 (9,675) (37,868) (173,907) (158) 302,059 86,802 $ — — (685) 22 — (64,095) 13,151 — (395) — 18,386 — (33,616) 33,255 $ 14,119 10,348 2,537 4,085 8,181 402,313 28,615 1,862 (10,070) (37,868) (155,521) (158) 268,443 120,057 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $ 388,861 $ (361) $ 388,500 (a) As previously reported in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2012. F-25 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) changes in the estimated fair value of the Arestin(cid:4) product brand; (ii) the reclassification of intangible assets from product brands to IPR&D; (iii) a decrease in the total fair value of consideration transferred due to a working capital adjustment; and (iv) the tax impact of pre-tax measurement period adjustments. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) Both the fair value and gross contractual amount of trade accounts receivable acquired were $10.3 million, as the Company expects that the amount to be uncollectible is negligible. (d) The following table summarizes the provisional amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Product brand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . 12 15 12 $446,958 19,450 $466,408 $(62,450) (1,645) $(64,095) $384,508 17,805 $402,313 (e) The IPR&D assets primarily relate to the development of Arestin(cid:4) ER, which is indicated for oral hygiene use and Arestin(cid:4) Peri-Implantitis, which is indicated for anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial use. (f) Effective June 18, 2012, the Company terminated the credit facility agreement, repaid the assumed debt outstanding and cancelled the undrawn credit facilities. (g) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the provisional values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of OraPharma with those of the Company; (cid:127) the value of the continuing operations of OraPharma’s existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, OraPharma’s assembled workforce). The provisional amount of goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s U.S. Dermatology segment. Acquisition-Related Costs The Company has incurred to date $3.5 million of transaction costs directly related to the OraPharma acquisition, which includes expenditures for advisory, legal, valuation, accounting and other similar services. These costs have been expensed as acquisition-related costs. Revenue and Net Loss of OraPharma The revenues of OraPharma for the period from the acquisition date to December 31, 2012 were $53.9 million, and the net loss, net of tax, was $3.7 million. The net loss, net of tax, includes the effects of the acquisition accounting adjustments and acquisition-related costs. F-26 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) Other Business Combinations Description of the Transactions In the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company completed other business combinations, which included the following businesses, as well as other smaller acquisitions, for an aggregate purchase price of $809.2 million. The aggregate purchase price included contingent consideration obligations with an aggregate acquisition date fair value of $44.2 million. (cid:127) On October 2, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. (‘‘J&J ROW’’) for a purchase price of $41.9 million, relating to the rights in various ex-North American territories to the over-the-counter (‘‘OTC’’) consumer brands Caladryl(cid:4) and Shower to Shower(cid:4). (cid:127) On September 28, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. (‘‘J&J North America’’) for a purchase price of $107.3 million, relating to the U.S. and Canadian rights to the OTC consumer brands Ambi(cid:4), Caladryl(cid:4), Corn Huskers(cid:4), Cortaid(cid:4), Purpose(cid:4) and Shower to Shower(cid:4). (cid:127) On September 24, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from QLT Inc. and QLT Ophthalmics, Inc. (collectively, ‘‘QLT’’) relating to Visudyne(cid:4), which is used to treat abnormal growth of leaky blood vessels in the eye caused by wet age-related macular degeneration. The consideration paid included up-front payments of $62.5 million for the assets related to the rights to the product in the U.S. and $50.0 million for the assets related to the rights to the product outside the U.S. The Company may pay a series of contingent payments of up to $20.0 million relating to non-U.S. royalties and development milestones for QLT’s laser program in the U.S. In addition, the Company will pay royalties on sales of potential new indications for Visudyne(cid:4) in the U.S. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $7.9 million as of the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2012, the assumptions used for determining fair value of the contingent consideration have not changed significantly from those used at the acquisition date. (cid:127) On May 23, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from University Medical Pharmaceuticals Corp. (‘‘University Medical’’), a specialty pharmaceutical company located in the U.S. focused on skincare products, including the rights to University Medical’s main brand AcneFree(cid:5), a retail OTC acne treatment. The consideration includes up-front payments of $65.0 million, and the Company may pay a series of contingent consideration payments of up to $40.0 million if certain net sales milestones are achieved. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $1.5 million as of the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2012, the assumptions used for determining fair value of the contingent consideration have not changed significantly from those used at the acquisition date. (cid:127) On May 2, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from Atlantis Pharma (‘‘Atlantis’’), a branded generics pharmaceutical company located in Mexico, for up-front payments of $65.5 million (MXN$847.3 million), and the Company placed an additional $8.9 million (MXN$114.7 million) into an escrow account. The amounts in escrow will be paid to the sellers only if certain regulatory milestones are achieved and therefore such amounts were treated as contingent consideration. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $7.6 million as of the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2012, the assumptions used for determining fair value of the contingent consideration have not changed significantly from those used at the acquisition date. Since the acquisition date, certain amounts have been released from escrow to the sellers, reducing the escrow balance to $8.2 million as of December 31, 2012. The escrow balance is treated as restricted cash and is included in Prepaid expenses F-27 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) and other current assets and Other long-term assets, net in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Atlantis has a broad product portfolio, including products in gastro, analgesics and anti-inflammatory therapeutic categories. (cid:127) On March 13, 2012, the Company acquired certain assets from Gerot Lannach, a branded generics pharmaceutical company based in Austria. The Company made an up-front payment of $164.0 million (A125.0 million), and the Company may pay a series of contingent consideration payments of up to $19.7 million (A15.0 million) if certain net sales milestones are achieved. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $16.8 million as of the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2012, the assumptions used for determining fair value of the contingent consideration have not changed significantly from those used at the acquisition date. As part of the transaction, the Company also entered into a ten-year exclusive supply agreement with Gerot Lannach for the acquired products. Approximately 90% of sales relating to the acquired assets are in Russia, with sales also made in certain Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries including Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Gerot Lannach’s largest product is acetylsalicylic acid, a low dose aspirin. (cid:127) On February 1, 2012, the Company acquired Probiotica Laboratorios Ltda. (‘‘Probiotica’’), which markets OTC sports nutrition products and other food supplements in Brazil, for a purchase price of $90.5 million (R$158.0 million). (cid:127) During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company completed other smaller acquisitions which are not material individually or in the aggregate. These acquisitions are included in the aggregated amounts presented below. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed These transactions have been accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the other business combinations, in the aggregate, as of the acquisition dates. The following recognized amounts with respect to the J&J ROW and J&J North America, and certain other smaller acquisitions are provisional and subject to change: (cid:127) amounts for intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and inventories, pending finalization of the valuation; (cid:127) amounts for income tax assets and liabilities, pending finalization of estimates and assumptions in respect of certain tax aspects of the transaction; and (cid:127) amount of goodwill pending the completion of the valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. F-28 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) The Company will finalize these amounts as it obtains the information necessary to complete the measurement processes. Any changes resulting from facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition dates may result in retrospective adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized at the acquisition dates. These changes could be significant. The Company will finalize these amounts no later than one year from the respective acquisition dates. Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Dates Measurement Period Adjustments(a) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assets held for sale(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indemnification assets(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liability for uncertain tax position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7,255 29,846 15,566 64,819 2,524 9,027 666,619 1,234 27,901 21 (32,146) (920) (6,682) (28,523) (10,933) 745,608 70,600 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . $816,208 $ (258) (17) — (5,970) — — 764 — — — (350) — 6,682 — 373 1,224 (8,271) $(7,047) $ 6,997 29,829 15,566 58,849 2,524 9,027 667,383 1,234 27,901 21 (32,496) (920) — (28,523) (10,560) 746,832 62,329 $809,161 (a) The measurement period adjustments primarily relate to the Probiotica acquisition and primarily reflect: (i) the elimination of the liability for uncertain tax positions; (ii) the changes in the estimated fair value of the corporate brand intangible asset; and (iii) a decrease in the total fair value of consideration transferred due to a working capital adjustment. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (b) The fair value of trade accounts receivable acquired was $29.8 million, with the gross contractual amount being $31.1 million, of which the Company expects that $1.3 million will be uncollectible. (c) Assets held for sale relate to a product brand acquired in the Atlantis acquisition. Subsequent to that acquisition, the plan of sale changed, and the Company no longer intends to sell the asset. Consequently, the product brand is not classified as an asset held for sale as of December 31, 2012. F-29 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (d) The following table summarizes the provisional amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Royalty agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partner relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . 10 12 10 9 5 10 $456,720 31,934 109,274 36,277 32,414 $666,619 $(2,088) 3,725 (873) — — $ 764 $454,632 35,659 108,401 36,277 32,414 $667,383 (e) Other non-current liabilities, and the corresponding indemnification assets, primarily relate to certain asserted and unasserted claims against Probiotica, which include potential tax-related obligations that existed at the acquisition date. The Company is indemnified by the sellers in accordance with indemnification provisions under its contractual arrangements. Indemnification assets and contingent liabilities were recorded at the same amount and classified in the same manner, as components of the purchase price, representing our best estimates of these amounts at the acquisition date, in accordance with guidance for loss contingencies and uncertain tax positions. Under the Company’s contractual arrangement with Probiotica, there is no limitation on the amount or value of indemnity claims that can be made by the Company; however there is a time restriction of either two or five years, depending on the nature of the claim. Approximately $12.9 million (R$22.5 million) of the purchase price for the Probiotica transaction from the date of acquisition has been placed in escrow in accordance with the indemnification provisions. The escrow account will be maintained for two years, with 50% being released to the sellers after the first year, and the remaining balance released after the second year. The Company expects the total amount of such indemnification assets to be collectible from the sellers. (f) The goodwill relates primarily to the Probiotica acquisition. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company expects that the Probiotica’s goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded from the J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, University Medical, Atlantis and Gerot Lannach acquisitions represents primarily the cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations with those of the Company. Probiotica’s goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) the Company’s expectation to develop and market new product brands and product lines in the future; (cid:127) the value associated with the Company’s ability to develop relationships with new customers; (cid:127) the value of the continuing operations of Probiotica’s existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, Probiotica’s assembled workforce). The amount of the goodwill from the J&J North America, QLT and University Medical acquisitions has been allocated to the Company’s U.S. Dermatology segment. The amount of goodwill from the J&J ROW, Probiotica, Atlantis and Gerot Lannach acquisitions, has been allocated to the Company’s Emerging Markets segment. Acquisition-Related Costs The Company has incurred to date $9.4 million, in the aggregate, of transaction costs directly related to the other business combinations, which includes expenditures for advisory, legal, valuation, accounting and other similar services. These costs have been expensed as acquisition-related costs. F-30 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) Revenue and Net Loss of Other Business Combinations The revenues of the other business combinations for the period from the respective acquisition dates to December 31, 2012 were $178.8 million, in the aggregate, and the net loss, net of tax, was $14.3 million, in the aggregate. The net loss, net of tax, includes the effects of the acquisition accounting adjustments and acquisition-related costs. (b) Business combinations in 2011 included the following: iNova Description of the Transaction On December 21, 2011, the Company acquired iNova from Archer Capital, Ironbridge Capital and other minority management shareholders. The Company made upfront payments of $656.7 million (AUD$657.9 million) and the Company may pay a series of potential milestones of up to $59.9 million (AUD$60.0 million) based on the success of pipeline activities, product registrations and overall revenue. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $44.5 million as of the acquisition date, for a total fair value of consideration transferred of $701.2 million. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recognized a net gain of $10.3 million primarily due to changes in the estimated probability of achieving the milestones. The net gain was recognized as Acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated statement of (loss) income. In connection with the transaction, in November and December 2011, the Company entered into foreign currency forward-exchange contracts to buy AUD$625.0 million, which were settled on December 20, 2011. The Company recorded a $16.4 million foreign exchange gain on the settlement of these contracts, which was recognized in Foreign exchange and other in the consolidated statements of (loss) income for the year ended December 31, 2011. iNova sells and distributes a range of prescription and OTC products in Australia, New Zealand, Asia and South Africa, including leading therapeutic weight management brands such as Duromine(cid:4)/Metermine(cid:4), as well as leading OTC brands in the cold and cough area, such as Difflam(cid:4), Duro-Tuss(cid:4) and Rikodeine(cid:4). F-31 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported)(a) Measurement Period Adjustments(b) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,792 30,525 43,387 15,257 423,950 — (32,500) 489,411 211,770 $ — — (1,400) (749) (2,188) 15,893 (1,713) 9,843 (9,843) Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $701,181 $ — $ 8,792 30,525 41,987 14,508 421,762 15,893 (34,213) 499,254 201,927 $701,181 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) resolution of certain tax aspects of the transaction and the tax impact of pre-tax measurement period adjustments; (ii) changes in the estimated fair value of an intangible asset and the related inventory; (iii) additional information obtained with respect to the fair value of an acquired manufacturing facility; and (iv) additional information obtained with respect to the valuation of compensation-related liabilities. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) The fair value of trade accounts receivable acquired was $30.5 million, with the gross contractual amount being $31.5 million, of which the Company expects that $1.0 million will be uncollectible. (d) Property, plant and equipment includes a manufacturing facility, included in the Canada and Australia segment, which was subsequently sold during the third quarter of 2012 for $10.2 million, which equaled its carrying amount. (e) The following table summarizes the amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . 8 4 8 $418,252 5,698 $423,950 $(2,188) — $(2,188) $416,064 5,698 $421,762 F-32 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (f) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of iNova with those of the Company; (cid:127) the value of the continuing operations of iNova’s existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, iNova’s assembled workforce). The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s Canada and Australia segment ($119.5 million) and the Company’s Emerging Markets segment ($82.4 million). Dermik Description of the Transaction On December 16, 2011, the Company acquired Dermik, a dermatological unit of Sanofi in the U.S. and Canada, as well as the worldwide rights to Sculptra(cid:4) and Sculptra(cid:4) Aesthetic, for a total cash purchase price of approximately $421.6 million. The acquisition includes Dermik’s inventories and manufacturing facility located in Laval, Quebec. In connection with the acquisition of Dermik, the Company was required by the Federal Trade Commission (‘‘FTC’’) to divest 1% clindamycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, a generic version of BenzaClin(cid:4), and 5% fluorouracil cream, an authorized generic of Efudex(cid:4). For further details, see note 4 titled ‘‘ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS’’. Dermik is a leading global medical dermatology business focused on the manufacturing, marketing and sale of therapeutic and aesthetic dermatology products. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported)(a) Measurement Period Adjustments(b) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 32,360 39,581 341,680 (1,262) 412,359 8,141 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $420,500 $(3,792) — 1,969 — (1,823) 2,935 $ 1,112 $ 28,568 39,581 343,649 (1,262) 410,536 11,076 $421,612 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) changes in estimated inventory reserves, (ii) revisions to certain assumptions impacting the fair value of intangible assets; and (iii) an increase in the total fair value of consideration transferred F-33 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) pursuant to a working capital adjustment provision under the purchase agreement. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) The following table summarizes the amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing agreement Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . 9 5 5 9 $292,472 33,857 15,351 $341,680 $1,816 227 (74) $1,969 $294,288 34,084 15,277 $343,649 (d) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company expects that $6.4 million of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes in Canada. The goodwill recorded represents primarily the value of Dermik’s assembled workforce. The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s U.S. Dermatology segment. Ortho Dermatologics Description of the Transaction On December 12, 2011, the Company acquired assets of the Ortho Dermatologics division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Janssen’’), for a total cash purchase price of approximately $345.2 million. The assets acquired included prescription brands Retin-A Micro(cid:4), Ertaczo(cid:4), Renova(cid:4) and Biafine(cid:4). Ortho Dermatologics is a leader in the field of dermatology and, over the years, has developed several products to treat skin disorders and dermatologic conditions. F-34 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported)(a) $ 6,169 206 333,599 4,318 (1,690) 342,602 3,507 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $346,109 Measurement Period Adjustments(b) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) $ — — — — — — (915) $(915) $ 6,169 206 333,599 4,318 (1,690) 342,602 2,592 $345,194 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustment reflects a decrease in the total fair value of consideration transferred pursuant to a working capital adjustment provision under the purchase agreement. The measurement period adjustment was made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. This adjustment did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) The identifiable intangible assets acquired relate to product brands intangible assets with an estimated weighted-average useful life of approximately nine years. (d) The acquired IPR&D asset relates to the development of the MC5 program, a topical treatment for acne vulgaris. In the second quarter of 2012, the Company terminated the MC5 program and recognized a charge of $4.3 million to write off the related IPR&D asset. This charge was recognized as In-process research and development impairments and other charges in the Company’s consolidated statements of (loss) income. (e) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents primarily the cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of Ortho Dermatologics with those of the Company. The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s U.S. Dermatology segment. Afexa Description of the Transaction On October 17, 2011, the Company acquired 73.8% (80,929,921 common shares) of the outstanding common shares of Afexa Life Sciences Inc. (‘‘Afexa’’) for cash consideration of $67.7 million. The acquisition date fair value of the 26.2% noncontrolling interest in Afexa of $23.8 million was estimated using quoted market prices on such date, for a total fair value of consideration transferred of $91.5 million. F-35 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) At a special meeting of Afexa shareholders held on December 12, 2011, a subsequent acquisition transaction was approved resulting in the privatization of Afexa and the remaining shareholders receiving C$0.85 per share. Consequently, as of December 31, 2011, the Company owned 100% of Afexa. Afexa, currently markets several consumer brands, such as Cold-FX(cid:4), an OTC cold and flu treatment, and Coldsore-FX(cid:4), a topical OTC cold sore treatment. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported)(a) $ 1,558 9,436 22,489 5,406 8,766 80,580 (18,104) (20,533) (1,138) 88,460 3,070 Measurement Period Adjustments(b) $ — (1,524) — — — (5,850) — 1,462 — (5,912) 5,912 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $ 91,530 $ — Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) $ 1,558 7,912 22,489 5,406 8,766 74,730 (18,104) (19,071) (1,138) 82,548 8,982 $ 91,530 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) changes in the estimated fair value of certain intangible assets; (ii) changes in estimated sales reserves; and (iii) the tax impact of pre-tax measurement period adjustments. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) Both the fair value and gross contractual amount of trade accounts receivable acquired were $7.9 million, as the Company expects that the amount to be uncollectible is negligible. F-36 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (d) The following table summarizes the amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2012 (as adjusted) Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patented technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . 11 7 10 $65,194 15,386 $80,580 $(5,850) — $(5,850) $59,344 15,386 $74,730 (e) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of Afexa with those of the Company; and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, Afexa’s assembled workforce). The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s Canada and Australia business segment. Sanitas Description of the Transaction On August 19, 2011 (the ‘‘Sanitas Acquisition Date’’), the Company acquired 87.2% of the outstanding shares of AB Sanitas (‘‘Sanitas’’) for cash consideration of $392.3 million. Prior to the Sanitas Acquisition Date, the Company acquired 1,502,432 shares of Sanitas, which represented approximately 4.8% of the outstanding shares. As a result, as of the Sanitas Acquisition Date, the Company held a controlling financial interest in Sanitas of 92%, or 28,625,025 shares. The acquisition date fair value of the 8% noncontrolling interest in Sanitas of $34.8 million, and the acquisition date fair value of the previously-held 4.8% equity interest of $21.1 million, were estimated using quoted market prices on such date. As of the Sanitas Acquisition Date, the Company reclassified the unrealized loss of $0.2 million related to the previously-held equity interest from other comprehensive income to earnings, which was included in Gain (loss) on investments, net in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. On September 2, 2011, the Company announced a mandatory non-competitive tender offer (the ‘‘Tender Offer’’) to purchase the remaining outstanding ordinary shares of Sanitas from all public shareholders at A10.06 per share. The Tender Offer closed on September 15, 2011, on which date the Company purchased an additional 1,968,631 shares (6.4% of the outstanding shares of Sanitas) for approximately $27.4 million. As a result of this purchase, the Company owned 30,593,656 shares or approximately 98.4% of Sanitas as of September 15, 2011. On September 22, 2011, the Company received approval from the Securities Commission of the Republic of Lithuania to conduct the mandatory tender offer through squeeze out procedures (the ‘‘Squeeze Out’’) at a price per one ordinary share of Sanitas equal to A10.06, which requested that all minority shareholders sell to the Company the ordinary shares of Sanitas owned by them (512,264 ordinary shares, or 1.6% of Sanitas). As the Company maintained a controlling financial interest in Sanitas during the Tender Offer, the additional ownership interest of 6.4% acquired in Sanitas was accounted for as an equity transaction F-37 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) between owners. The noncontrolling interest in Sanitas of approximately 1.6% to be acquired through the Squeeze Out procedures was classified as a liability in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as it was mandatorily redeemable. As of December 31, 2012, the amount due to Sanitas shareholders of $2.4 million was included in Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities. Sanitas has a broad branded generics product portfolio consisting of 390 products in nine countries throughout Central and Eastern Europe, primarily Poland, Russia and Lithuania. Sanitas has in-house development capabilities in dermatology, hospital injectables and ophthalmology, and a pipeline of internally developed and acquired dossiers. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Sanitas Acquisition Date. Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date(a) $ 5,607 25,645 22,010 3,166 83,288 247,127 747 2,662 (30,428) (67,134) (43,269) (6,049) 243,372 204,791 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $448,163 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. The Company has not recognized any measurement period adjustments to the amounts previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The fair value of trade accounts receivable acquired was $25.6 million, with the gross contractual amount being $27.8 million, of which the Company expects that $2.2 million will be uncollectible. F-38 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (c) The following table summarizes the mounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partner relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7 15 7 8 $164,823 43,027 25,227 14,050 $247,127 (d) Effective December 1, 2011, Sanitas terminated its Facility Agreement and Revolving Credit Line Agreement, repaid the amounts outstanding under its credit facilities and cancelled the undrawn credit facilities. (e) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of Sanitas with those of the Company; (cid:127) the value of the continuing operations of Sanitas’s existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, Sanitas’s assembled workforce). The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s Emerging Markets segment. Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) On June 29, 2011, the Company entered into a license agreement with Meda Pharma SARL (‘‘Meda’’) to acquire the exclusive rights to commercialize both Elidel(cid:4) Cream and Xerese(cid:4) Cream in the U.S., Canada and Mexico. In addition, the Company and Meda have the right to undertake development work in respect of Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4) products. The Company made an upfront payment to Meda of $76.0 million with an obligation to pay a series of potential milestone payments of up to $16.0 million and guaranteed royalties totaling $120.0 million in the aggregate through 2011 and 2012. Thereafter, the Company will pay a double- digit royalty to Meda on net sales of Elidel(cid:4), Xerese(cid:4) and Zovirax(cid:4), including additional minimum royalties of $120.0 million in the aggregate during 2013-2015. The Company acquired the U.S. and Canadian rights to non-ophthalmic topical formulations of Zovirax(cid:4) from GSK in the first quarter of 2011 (as described in note 4). The Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The fair value of the upfront and contingent consideration, inclusive of minimum and variable royalty payments, was determined to be $437.7 million as of the acquisition date. As the majority of the contingent consideration relates to future royalty payments, the amount ultimately to be paid under this arrangement will be dependent on the future sales levels of Elidel(cid:4), Xerese(cid:4), and Zovirax(cid:4). In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the royalty payments associated with this transaction are treated as part of the consideration paid for the business, and therefore the Company will not recognize royalty expense in the consolidated statements of (loss) income for these products. The royalty payments are being recorded as a reduction to the acquisition-related contingent consideration liability. During the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company made $88.0 million and F-39 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) $28.5 million, respectively, of acquisition-related contingent consideration payments, including royalties and milestones, related to this transaction. In January 2013, the Company made additional royalty payments totaling $14.5 million. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recognized a net loss of $6.5 million primarily driven by fair value adjustments to reflect accretion for the time value of money, partially offset by changes in the projected revenue forecast. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recognized a loss of $11.2 million due to changes in fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration primarily due to accretion to reflect the time value of money. The net loss for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was recognized as Acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The total fair value of the consideration transferred has been assigned to product brands intangible assets ($406.4 million), acquired IPR&D assets ($33.5 million) and a net deferred income tax liability ($(2.2) million). The product brands intangible assets have an estimated weighted-average useful life of approximately eight years. The acquired IPR&D asset relates to the development of a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product. The projected cash flows from the acquired IPR&D asset were adjusted for the probability of successful development and commercialization of the product. In determining the fair value of this asset, we used a risk-adjusted discount rate of 13% to present value the projected cash flows. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company recognized an IPR&D impairment charge of $24.7 million related to this asset due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization. See note 12 titled ‘‘INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL’’ for further information regarding IPR&D asset impairments recognized in 2012. PharmaSwiss Description of the Transaction On March 10, 2011, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding stock of PharmaSwiss S.A. (‘‘PharmaSwiss’’), a privately-owned branded generics and OTC pharmaceutical company based in Zug, Switzerland. As of the acquisition date, the total consideration transferred to effect the acquisition of PharmaSwiss comprised cash paid of $491.2 million (A353.1 million) and the rights to contingent consideration payments of up to $41.7 million (A30.0 million) if certain net sales milestones of PharmaSwiss were achieved for the 2011 calendar year. The fair value of the contingent payments was determined to be $27.5 million as of the acquisition date. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recognized a gain of $13.2 million due to changes in the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration. The gain was recognized as Acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. In May 2012, the Company made a contingent consideration payment of $12.4 million (A10.0 million) based on the net sales results for the 2011 calendar year. There are no remaining contingent consideration payments under this arrangement. In connection with the transaction, in February 2011, the Company entered into foreign currency forward- exchange contracts to buy A130.0 million, which were settled on March 9, 2011. The Company recorded a $5.1 million gain on the settlement of these contracts, which was partially offset by a foreign exchange loss of $2.4 million recognized on the remaining A220.0 million bought to finance the transaction. The net foreign exchange gain of $2.7 million was recognized in Foreign exchange and other in the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2011. PharmaSwiss is an existing partner to several large pharmaceutical and biotech companies offering regional expertise in such functions as regulatory, compliance, sales, marketing and distribution, in addition to developing its own product portfolio. Through its business operations, PharmaSwiss offers a broad product F-40 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) portfolio in seven therapeutic areas and operations in 19 countries throughout Central and Eastern Europe, including Serbia, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland, as well as in Greece and Israel. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment Identifiable intangible assets(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as previously reported) $ 43,940 63,509 72,144 14,429 9,737 202,071 3,122 (46,866) (18,176) (720) 343,190 171,105 Measurement Period Adjustments(b) $ — (1,880) (1,825) — — 7,169 — 826 11,568 — 15,858 (11,445) Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $514,295 $ 4,413 Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2011 (as adjusted)(a) $ 43,940 61,629 70,319 14,429 9,737 209,240 3,122 (46,040) (6,608) (720) 359,048 159,660 $518,708 (a) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. The Company has not recognized any measurement period adjustments in 2012 to the amounts previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) changes to deferred taxes based on estimates of income tax rates; (ii) changes in the estimated fair value of certain intangible assets; (iii) an increase in the total fair value of consideration transferred pursuant to a working capital adjustment provision of the purchase agreement; and (iv) the tax impact of pre-tax measurement period adjustments. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the acquisition date. These adjustments did not have a significant impact on the Company’s previously reported consolidated financial statements and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted those financial statements. (c) The fair value of trade accounts receivable acquired was $61.6 million, with the gross contractual amount being $66.8 million, of which the Company expects that $5.2 million will be uncollectible. (d) Includes $18.2 million to record PharmaSwiss inventory at its estimated fair value. F-41 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (e) The following table summarizes the amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date Measurement (as previously reported) Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2011 (as adjusted) Partner relationships(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . . 7 9 7 $130,183 71,888 $202,071 $ — 7,169 $7,169 $130,183 79,057 $209,240 (1) The partner relationships intangible asset represents the value of existing arrangements with various pharmaceutical and biotech companies, for whom PharmaSwiss provides regulatory, compliance, sales, marketing and distribution functions. (f) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of PharmaSwiss with those of the Company; (cid:127) the value of the going-concern element of PharmaSwiss existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if the Company had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, PharmaSwiss assembled workforce). The goodwill has been allocated to the Company’s Emerging Markets segment. (c) Business combinations in 2010 included the following: Biovail Merger with Valeant Description of the Transaction On September 28, 2010, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail acquired all of the outstanding equity of Valeant in a share transaction, in which each share of Valeant common stock was cancelled and converted into the right to receive 1.7809 Biovail common shares. The share consideration was valued at $26.35 per share based on the market price of Biovail’s common shares as of the Merger Date. In addition, immediately preceding the effective time of the Merger, Valeant paid its stockholders a special dividend of $16.77 per share (the ‘‘pre-Merger special dividend’’) of Valeant common stock. As a result of the Merger, Valeant became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Biovail. On December 22, 2010, the Company paid a post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per common share (the ‘‘post-Merger special dividend’’). The post-Merger special dividend comprised aggregate cash paid of $297.6 million and 72,283 shares issued to shareholders that elected to reinvest in additional common shares of the Company through a special dividend reinvestment plan, which plan was terminated following payment of the post-Merger special dividend. Basis of Presentation The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, the share consideration transferred be measured at the acquisition date based on the then-current market price and that most assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Acquisition-related transaction costs F-42 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) and certain acquisition-related restructuring charges are not included as a component of the acquisition accounting, but are accounted for as expenses in the periods in which the costs are incurred. Fair Value of Consideration Transferred The following table indicates the consideration transferred to effect the acquisition of Valeant: (Number of shares, stock options and restricted share units in thousands) Conversion Calculation Fair Value Form of Consideration Number of common shares of Biovail issued in exchange for Valeant common stock outstanding as of the Merger Date . . Multiplied by Biovail’s stock price as of the Merger Date(a) 139,137 $ 26.35 Number of common shares of Biovail expected to be issued pursuant to vested Valeant RSUs as a result of the Merger Multiplied by Biovail’s stock price as of the Merger date(a) . . 1,694 $ 26.35 Fair value of vested and partially vested Valeant stock options converted into Biovail stock options . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of vested and partially vested Valeant RSUs converted into Biovail RSUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash consideration paid and payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,666,245 Common shares 44,643 Common shares 110,687 Stock options(b) 58,726 RSUs(c) 51,739 Cash(d) Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,932,040 (a) As the Merger was effective at 12:01 a.m. on September 28, 2010, the conversion calculation reflects the closing price of Biovail’s common shares on the New York Stock Exchange (‘‘NYSE’’) at September 27, 2010. (b) The fair value of the vested and partially vested portions of Valeant stock options that were converted into stock options of Biovail was recognized as a component of the consideration transferred, based on a weighted-average fair value of $17.63 per stock option, which was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This calculation considered the closing price of Biovail’s common shares of $26.35 per share as of the Merger Date and the following assumptions: Expected volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9% 3.4 years 1.1% 1.5% The expected life of the options was determined by taking into account the contractual life of the options and estimated exercise pattern of the option holders. The expected volatility and risk-free interest rate were determined based on current market information, and the dividend yield was derived based on the expectation of the post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per common share of the Company and no dividends thereafter. The fair values of the exchanged Biovail stock options exceeded the fair values of the vested and partially vested Valeant stock options as of the Merger Date in an amount of $17.2 million, which was recognized immediately as post-Merger compensation expense. (c) The fair value of the vested portion of Valeant time-based and performance-based RSUs converted into RSUs of Biovail was recognized as a component of the purchase price. The fair value of the vested portion of the Valeant time-based RSUs was determined based on the closing price of Biovail’s common shares of $26.35 per share as of the Merger Date. The fair value of Valeant performance-based RSUs was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which utilizes multiple input variables to estimate the probability that the performance condition will be achieved. The fair value of the exchanged Biovail time-based RSUs exceeded the fair value of the vested and partially vested Valeant time-based RSUs as of the Merger Date in an amount of $3.8 million, which was recognized immediately as post-Merger compensation expense. F-43 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (d) Cash consideration includes $39.7 million of income tax withholdings paid by the Company on behalf of employees of Valeant, in connection with the net share settlement of certain vested Valeant RSUs as of the Merger Date. In addition, under the terms of the Company’s employment agreement with J. Michael Pearson, Chief Executive Officer, cash equal to the pre-Merger special dividend payment was paid to Mr. Pearson in respect of any of his 2008 performance awards that vested in February 2011 at the time of such vesting. As of the Merger Date, the aggregate amount of this cash payment in respect of the pre-Merger special dividend was estimated to be $13.7 million, based on the assumption that Mr. Pearson’s 2008 performance awards will vest at the maximum performance target. Of that amount, the portion attributable to Mr. Pearson’s pre-Merger service ($12.1 million) was recognized in the fair value of consideration transferred, while the portion attributable to Mr. Pearson’s post-Merger service ($1.6 million) was recognized as share-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period from the Merger Date to February 2011. Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Merger Date, as well as measurement period adjustments to the amounts originally recorded in 2010. The measurement period adjustments did not have a material impact on the Company’s previously reported results of operations or financial position in any period subsequent to the Merger Date and, therefore, the Company has not retrospectively adjusted its consolidated financial statements. Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment Identifiable intangible assets, excluding acquired IPR&D(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquired IPR&D(g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities(h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt, including current portion(i) . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes, net(j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-current liabilities(k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity component of convertible debt(i) . . . . . . . . . . . . Call option agreements(l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill(m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts Recognized as of Merger Date (as previously reported)(a) $ 348,637 194,930 208,874 30,869 184,757 3,844,310 1,404,956 6,108 (385,574) (2,913,614) (1,467,791) (149,307) 1,307,155 (225,971) (28,000) 2,878,856 Measurement Period Adjustments(b) Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2011 (as adjusted)(c) $ — — — — — (224,939) (4,195) — 874 — 157,816 (46,022) (116,466) — — 116,466 $ 348,637 194,930 208,874 30,869 184,757 3,619,371 1,400,761 6,108 (384,700) (2,913,614) (1,309,975) (195,329) 1,190,689 (225,971) (28,000) 2,995,322 Total fair value of consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . $ 3,932,040 $ — $ 3,932,040 (a) As previously reported in the 2010 Form 10-K. (b) The measurement period adjustments primarily reflect: (i) changes in the estimated fair values of certain identifiable intangible assets to better reflect the competitive environment, market potential and economic lives of certain products; and (ii) the tax impact of pre-tax measurement period adjustments and resolution of certain tax aspects of the transaction. The measurement period adjustments were made to reflect market participant assumptions about facts and circumstances existing as of the Merger Date, and did not result from intervening events subsequent to the Merger Date. F-44 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (c) As previously reported in the 2011 Form 10-K. (d) The fair value of accounts receivable acquired was $194.9 million, which comprised trade receivables ($151.9 million) and royalty and other receivables ($43.1 million). The gross contractual amount of trade receivables was $159.0 million, of which the Company expects that $7.1 million will be uncollectible. (e) Includes $78.5 million to record Valeant’s inventory at its estimated fair value. (f) The following table summarizes the amounts and useful lives assigned to identifiable intangible assets: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) Amounts Recognized as of Merger Date (as previously reported) Measurement Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2011 (as adjusted) Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Out-licensed technology and other . . . . . . . . . . Total identifiable intangible assets acquired . . . . . 16 20 9 7 15 $3,114,689 168,602 360,970 200,049 $3,844,310 $(190,779) 98 (52,949) 18,691 $(224,939) $2,923,910 168,700 308,021 218,740 $3,619,371 (g) Acquired IPR&D assets are initially recognized at fair value and are classified as indefinite-lived intangible assets until the successful completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. The significant components of the acquired IPR&D assets relate to the development of ezogabine/retigabine in collaboration with Glaxo Group Limited, a subsidiary of GlaxoSmithKline plc (the entities within The Glaxo Group of Companies are referred throughout as ‘‘GSK’’), as an adjunctive treatment for refractory partial-onset seizures in adult patients with epilepsy (as described in note 5), and a number of dermatology products in development for the treatment of severe acne and fungal infections, among other indications. The following table summarizes the amounts assigned to the acquired IPR&D assets: Amounts Recognized as of Merger Date (as previously reported) Measurement Period Adjustments Amounts Recognized as of December 31, 2011 (as adjusted) Ezogabine/retigabine(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dermatology products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 891,461 431,323 82,172 Total IPR&D assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,404,956 $ — (3,100) (1,095) $(4,195) $ 891,461 428,223 81,077 $1,400,761 (1) Refer to note 5 — ‘‘COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS’’ A multi-period excess earnings methodology (income approach) was used to determine the estimated fair values of the acquired IPR&D assets. The projected cash flows from these assets were adjusted for the probabilities of successful development and commercialization of each project. A risk-adjusted discount rate of 9% was used to present value the projected cash flows. See note 12 titled ‘‘INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL’’ for further information regarding IPR&D asset impairments recognized in 2012 and 2011. (h) Includes accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes payable. (i) As described in note 14, concurrent with the closing of the Merger, Valeant issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% senior notes due 2017 (the ‘‘2017 Notes’’) and $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% senior notes due 2020 (the ‘‘2020 Notes’’). A portion of the proceeds of the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes offering was used to pay down $1.0 billion outstanding under previous term loan B facility. F-45 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) The following table summarizes the fair value of long-term debt assumed as of the Merger Date: Amounts Recognized as of Merger Date Term Loan A Facility(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Term Loan B Facility(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0% Convertible Notes(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000,000 500,000 497,500 695,625 220,489 Total long-term debt assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,913,614 (j) (k) (l) (1) Effective November 29, 2010, the Term Loan B Facility was repaid in full. Effective March 8, 2011, Valeant terminated the Credit and Guaranty Agreement and repaid the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan A Facility. (2) 4% Convertible Notes were redeemed in the second quarter of 2011.For further details regarding the settlement of the 4% Convertible Notes, see note 14 titled ‘‘SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT’’. Comprises current deferred tax assets ($68.5 million), non-current deferred tax assets ($4.3 million), current deferred tax liabilities ($6.5 million) and non-current deferred tax liabilities ($1,376.3 million). Includes the fair value of contingent consideration related to Valeant’s acquisition of Princeton Pharma Holdings LLC, and its wholly-owned operating subsidiary, Aton Pharma, Inc. (‘‘Aton’’), on May 26, 2010. The aggregate fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be $21.6 million as of the Merger Date. The contingent consideration consists of future milestones predominantly based upon the achievement of approval and commercial targets for certain pipeline products (which are included in the fair value ascribed to the IPR&D assets acquired, as described above under (g)). As a result of an agreement entered in the third quarter of 2012, the future milestones that the Company may be required to pay with respect to the acquisition of Aton, have been reduced by $190.0 million, from up to $390.0 million to up to $200.0 million. The Company assumed Valeant’s existing call option agreements in respect of the shares underlying the conversion of $200.0 million principal amount of the 4.0% Convertible Notes. These agreements consisted of purchased call options on 15,813,338 common shares of the Company, which matured on May 20, 2011, and written call options on the identical number of shares, which matured on August 18, 2011. For further details regarding the settlement of these call options, see note 14 titled ‘‘SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT’’. In addition, the Company assumed written call option agreements in respect of 3,863,670 common shares of the Company underlying Valeant’s 3.0% convertible subordinated notes that matured in August 2010. The written call options on shares underlying the 3.0% convertible subordinated notes expired on November 15, 2010, and were settled over the following 30 business days. On November 19, 2010, the call option agreements were amended to require cash settlement, resulting in the reclassification of the $32.8 million fair value of the written call options as a liability as of that date. The Company recognized a loss of $10.1 million on the written call options settled for cash, which has been included in loss on extinguishment of debt (as described in note 19). (m) Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the Merger Date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill recorded represents the following: (cid:127) cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits expected to result from combining the operations of Valeant with those of Biovail; (cid:127) the value of the going-concern element of Valeant’s existing business (that is, the higher rate of return on the assembled net assets versus if Biovail had acquired all of the net assets separately); and (cid:127) intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition (for instance, Valeant’ assembled workforce), as well as future, as yet unidentified research and development projects. F-46 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) Pro Forma Impact of Business Combinations The following table presents unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, as if the Medicis, J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, OraPharma, University Medical, Atlantis, Gerot Lannach and Probiotica acquisitions had occurred as of January 1, 2011 and the PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Ortho Dermatologics, iNova and Afexa acquisitions had occurred as of January 1, 2010. The unaudited pro forma information does not include the license agreement entered into in June 2011 to acquire the rights to Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4), as the impact is immaterial to these pro forma results and it was impracticable to obtain the necessary historical information as discrete financial statements for these product lines were not prepared. In addition, the unaudited pro forma information does not include the Dermik acquisition, as it was impracticable to obtain the necessary historical information as discrete financial statements were not prepared. Unaudited 2012 2011 Revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic loss per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted loss per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $4,381,138 (97,549) $ $ (0.32) $ (0.32) $ $4,137,340 (43,342) (0.14) (0.14) The unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations were prepared using the acquisition method of accounting and are based on the historical financial information of the Company, Medicis, J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, OraPharma, University Medical, Atlantis, Gerot Lannach, Probiotica, PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Ortho Dermatologics, iNova and Afexa. Except to the extent realized in the year ended December 31, 2012, the unaudited pro forma information does not reflect any cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits that the Company may achieve as a result of these acquisitions, or the costs necessary to achieve these cost savings, operating synergies and other benefits. In addition, except to the extent recognized in the year ended December 31, 2012, the unaudited pro forma information does not reflect the costs to integrate the operations of the Company with those of Medicis, J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, OraPharma, University Medical, Atlantis, Gerot Lannach, Probiotica, PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Ortho Dermatologics, iNova and Afexa. The unaudited pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s consolidated results of operations actually would have been had the Medicis, J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, OraPharma, University Medical, Atlantis, Gerot Lannach and Probiotica acquisitions and the PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Ortho Dermatologics, iNova and Afexa acquisitions been completed on January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2010, respectively. In addition, the unaudited pro forma information does not purport to project the future results of operations of the Company. The unaudited pro forma information reflects primarily adjustments consistent with the unaudited pro forma information related to the following unaudited pro forma adjustments related to these acquisitions: (cid:127) elimination of Medicis’, J&J ROW’s, J&J North America’s, QLT’s, OraPharma’s, University Medical’s, Atlantis’, Gerot Lannach’s, Probiotica’s, PharmaSwiss’, Sanitas’, Ortho Dermatologics’, iNova’s and Afexa’s historical intangible asset amortization expense; (cid:127) additional amortization expense related to the provisional fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired; F-47 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued) (cid:127) additional depreciation expense related to fair value adjustment to property, plant and equipment acquired; (cid:127) additional interest expense associated with the financing obtained by the Company in connection with the various acquisitions; (cid:127) the exclusion from pro forma earnings in the year ended December 31, 2012 of the acquisition accounting adjustments on Medicis’, J&J ROW’s, J&J North America’s, QLT’s, iNova’s, Ortho Dermatologics’, Afexa’s, Probiotica’s, OraPharma’s, University Medical’s, and Atlantis’ inventories that were sold subsequent to the acquisition date of $58.1 million, in the aggregate, and the exclusion of $72.1 million of acquisition-related costs, in the aggregate, incurred primarily for the Medicis, J&J ROW, J&J North America, QLT, OraPharma, University Medical, Atlantis, Gerot Lannach, and Probiotica acquisitions in the year ended December 31, 2012, and the inclusion of those amounts in pro forma earnings for the corresponding comparative periods. The pro forma revenue and earnings include the historical financial information of the significant acquisition completed by Medicis during the year ended December 31, 2011 as if such acquisition was consummated as of January 1, 2011. The pro forma earnings also exclude amortization of inventory step-up that arose from the Merger that was recognized in the year ended December 31, 2011. Such amounts were included in the applicable comparative period for purposes of pro forma financial information. In addition, all of the above adjustments were adjusted for the applicable tax impact. 4. ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS Divestitures of IDP-111 and 5-FU In connection with the acquisition of Dermik, the Company was required by the FTC to divest 1% clindamycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide gel (‘‘IDP-111’’), a generic version of BenzaClin(cid:4), and 5% fluorouracil cream (‘‘5-FU’’), an authorized generic of Efudex(cid:4). On February 3, 2012, the Company sold the IDP-111 and 5-FU products. In the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company recognized $7.9 million and $19.8 million of impairment charges related to the write-down of the carrying values of the IDP-111 and 5-FU intangible assets, respectively, to their estimated fair values, less costs to sell. The adjusted carrying values of $54.4 million and $14.8 million for IDP-111 and 5-FU, respectively, were classified as Assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and were included within the U.S. Dermatology reporting segment. IDP-111 and 5-FU were considered non-core products with respect to the Company’s business strategy, which contemplates, on an ongoing basis, the selective purchase and sale of products and assets with a focus on core geographies and therapeutic classes. The Company, therefore, considers the sale or the out-license of non-core products to be part of its ongoing major and central operations. Accordingly, proceeds on the sale of non-core products are recognized as alliance revenue, with the associated costs, including the carrying amount of related assets, recorded as cost of alliance revenue. In connection with the sale of the IDP-111 and 5-FU, the Company recognized $66.3 million of cash proceeds as alliance revenue in the first quarter of 2012 and expensed the carrying amounts of the IDP-111 and 5-FU assets of $69.2 million, in the aggregate, as cost of alliance revenue. The cash proceeds from this transaction are classified within investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. F-48 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 4. ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS (Continued) Cloderm(cid:4) On March 31, 2011, the Company out-licensed the product rights to Cloderm(cid:4) Cream, 0.1%, in the U.S. to Promius Pharma LLC, an affiliate of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, in exchange for a $36.0 million up-front payment, which was received in early April 2011, and future royalty payments. The Cloderm(cid:4) product rights intangible asset was recorded at a fair value of $31.8 million as of the Merger Date, and had a remaining unamortized carrying value of $30.7 million at March 31, 2011. Cloderm(cid:4) was considered a non-core product with respect to the Company’s business strategy. Accordingly, the Company recognized the up-front payment as alliance revenue in the first quarter of 2011 and expensed the carrying amount of the Cloderm(cid:4) intangible assets as cost of alliance revenue. The cash proceeds from this transaction are classified within investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company recognizes the royalty payments as alliance revenue as they are earned. Zovirax(cid:4) On February 22, 2011 and March 25, 2011, the Company acquired the U.S. and Canadian rights, respectively, to non-ophthalmic topical formulations of Zovirax(cid:4) from GSK. Pursuant to the terms of the asset purchase agreements, the Company paid GSK an aggregate amount of $300.0 million in cash for both the U.S. and Canadian rights. The Company had been marketing Zovirax(cid:4) in the U.S. since January 1, 2002, under a 20-year exclusive distribution agreement with GSK, which distribution agreement terminated following the closing of the U.S. transaction. The Company has entered into new supply agreements and new trademark license agreements with GSK with respect to the U.S. and Canadian territories. This acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of identifiable intangible assets. Accordingly, the purchase price (including costs of acquisition) was allocated to the product brand intangible asset, with an estimated weighted-average useful life of 11 years. In addition, the Company reclassified the $91.4 million unamortized carrying amount of the original exclusive distribution agreement from product rights to the product brand intangible asset, to be amortized over the same 11-year estimated useful life. Lodalis(cid:5) On February 9, 2011, the Company acquired the Canadian rights to Lodalis(cid:5) (colesevelam hydrochloride) from Genzyme Corporation (‘‘Genzyme’’) for a $2.0 million upfront payment and potential future milestone payments. This acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of IPR&D assets with no alternative future use and, accordingly, the upfront payment was charged to in-process research and development impairments and other charges as of the acquisition date. In the second quarter of 2011, the Company made a first milestone payment of $2.0 million to Genzyme, which was charged to in-process research and development impairments and other charges in the period. In September 2011, colesevelam hydrochloride received regulatory approval from Health Canada, in the form of a Notice of Compliance (‘‘NOC’’), for commercialization in Canada, which triggered an additional milestone payment of $5.0 million, which the Company paid in October 2011. The Company recognized this milestone as an intangible asset in its consolidated balance sheet. Subsequently, the Company filed for a product name change and a manufacturer name change, and the NOC for Lodalis(cid:5) was received from Health Canada on December 28, 2011. F-49 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 4. ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS (Continued) Istradefylline On June 2, 2010, the Company entered into a license agreement with Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd. (‘‘Kyowa Hakko Kirin’’) to acquire the U.S. and Canadian rights to develop and commercialize products containing istradefylline — a new chemical entity targeted for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company paid an upfront fee of $10.0 million. This acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of IPR&D assets with no alternative future use. Accordingly, the $10.0 million upfront payment, together with $0.2 million of acquisition costs, was charged to in-process research and development impairments and other charges in the second quarter of 2010. In April 2007, Kyowa Hakko Kirin filed an NDA for istradefylline, which received a Not Approvable letter from the FDA in February 2008. The FDA requested a Complete Response to the Not Approvable letter before considering to meeting with us and discussing the regulatory approval process for istradefylline. The Company determined the available data, including additional studies conducted in Japan, did not support FDA approval of istradefylline. As a result, the agreement with Kyowa Hakko Kirin was terminated on June 2, 2011. No termination fees or penalties were paid in connection with the termination. Ampakine(cid:4) On March 25, 2010, the Company acquired certain Ampakine(cid:4) compounds, including associated intellectual property, from Cortex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Cortex’’) for use in the field of respiratory depression, a brain-mediated breathing disorder. The acquired compounds include the Phase 2 compound CX717 in an oral formulation, the pre-clinical compounds CX1763 and CX1942, and the injectable dosage form of CX1739. This acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of IPR&D assets with no alternative future use. Accordingly, upfront payments totaling $10.0 million made by the Company to Cortex, together with $0.7 million of acquisition costs, were charged to in-process research and development impairments and other charges in the first quarter of 2010. As described in note 6, the Company suspended development of the Ampakine(cid:4) compounds. The program was sold back to Cortex on March 15, 2011 for an upfront fee of $0.2 million. Staccato(cid:4) Loxapine On February 9, 2010, the Company entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Alexza’’) to acquire the U.S. and Canadian development and commercialization rights to AZ-004 for the treatment of psychiatric and/or neurological indications and the symptoms associated with these indications, including the initial indication of treating agitation in schizophrenia and bipolar patients. AZ-004 combines Alexza’s proprietary Staccato(cid:4) drug-delivery system with the antipsychotic drug loxapine. This acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of IPR&D assets with no alternative future use. Accordingly, the $40.0 million upfront payment made by the Company to Alexza, together with $0.3 million of acquisition costs, was charged to in-process research and development impairments and other charges in the first quarter of 2010. On October 8, 2010, Alexza received a Complete Response Letter from the FDA regarding the NDA for AZ-004, in which the FDA indicated that the NDA was not ready for approval. As described in note 6, the Company has terminated the collaboration and license agreement with Alexza. F-50 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 5. COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS GSK Collaboration Agreement In October 2008, Valeant closed the worldwide License and Collaboration Agreement (the ‘‘Collaboration Agreement’’) with GSK to develop and commercialize a first-in-class neuronal potassium channel opener for treatment of adult epilepsy patients with refractory partial onset seizures and its backup compounds, whose generic name will be ezogabine in the U.S. and retigabine in all other countries. Pursuant to the terms of the Collaboration Agreement, Valeant granted co-development rights and worldwide commercialization rights to GSK. Valeant agreed to share equally with GSK the development and pre-commercialization expenses of ezogabine/retigabine in the U.S., Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Puerto Rico (the ‘‘Collaboration Territory’’). Following the launch of an ezogabine/retigabine product, the Company will share equally in the profits of ezogabine/retigabine in the Collaboration Territory. In addition, Valeant granted GSK an exclusive license to develop and commercialize retigabine in countries outside of the Collaboration Territory and certain backup compounds to ezogabine/retigabine worldwide. GSK is responsible for all expenses outside of the Collaboration Territory and will solely fund the development of any backup compound. The Company will receive up to a 20% royalty on net sales of retigabine outside of the Collaboration Territory. In addition, if backup compounds are developed and commercialized by GSK, GSK will pay the Company royalties of up to 20% of net sales of products based upon such backup compounds. indications the development of additional Under the terms of the Collaboration Agreement, GSK will pay the Company up to $545.0 million, of which $45.0 million and $40.0 million was received and recognized by the Company in the second quarter of 2012 and 2011, respectively, as described below, based upon the achievement of certain regulatory, commercialization and sales milestones, and for ezogabine/retigabine. GSK will also pay the Company up to an additional $150.0 million if certain regulatory and commercialization milestones are achieved for backup compounds to ezogabine/retigabine. In March 2011, the European Commission granted marketing authorization for Trobalt(cid:4) (retigabine) as an adjunctive treatment of partial onset seizures, with or without secondary generalization in adults aged 18 years and above with epilepsy. In June 2011, the FDA approved the NDA for Potiga(cid:5) (ezogabine) tablets as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients aged 18 years and older; however, the FDA recommended that ezogabine be scheduled as a controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act prior to the marketing or launch of Potiga(cid:5). In December 2011, ezogabine/retigabine received scheduling as a controlled substance, which triggered the commencement of amortization. In connection with the first sale of Potiga(cid:5) in the U.S. (which occurred in April 2012), GSK paid the Company a $45.0 million milestone payment, and the Company will share up to 50% of the net profits from the sale of Potiga(cid:5). In addition, in connection with the first sale of Trobalt(cid:4) by GSK in the European Union (which occurred in May 2011), GSK paid the Company a $40.0 million milestone payment and will pay up to a 20% royalty on net sales of the product. As substantive uncertainty existed at the inception of the Collaboration Agreement as to whether the milestones would be achieved because of the uncertainty involved with obtaining regulatory approval, no amounts were previously recognized for these potential milestone payments. The milestone payments (1) relate solely to past performance of the Company, (2) are reasonable relative to the other deliverables and payment terms within the Collaboration Agreement, and (3) are commensurate with the Company’s efforts in collaboration with GSK to achieve the milestone events and the increase in value of ezogabine/retigabine. Accordingly, the milestones are considered substantive, and the milestone payments are being recognized by the Company as alliance and royalty revenue upon achievement. F-51 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 5. COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS (Continued) The Company’s rights to ezogabine/retigabine are subject to an asset purchase agreement between Meda Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (‘‘Meda Pharma’’) and Xcel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., which was acquired by Valeant in 2005 (the ‘‘Meda Pharma Agreement’’). Under the Meda Pharma Agreement, the Company is required to make certain milestone and royalty payments to Meda Pharma. Within the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand, any royalty payments to Meda Pharma will be shared by the Company and GSK. In the rest of the world, the Company will be responsible for the payment of these royalties to Meda Pharma from the royalty payments it receives from GSK. In connection with the approval of the NDA for Potiga(cid:5), the Company made a $6.0 million milestone payment to Meda Pharma in the second quarter of 2011. As this potential milestone payment had been included in the estimated net future cash flows used to determine the fair value for the ezogabine/retigabine IPR&D assets as of the Merger Date, the payment of this milestone to Meda Pharma was recorded as an addition to the value of those assets. Joint Ventures with Meda AB In 2008 and 2009, the Company entered into arrangements with Meda AB (‘‘Meda’’) for the creation of a joint venture company (each, a ‘‘Valeant-Meda JV’’) in each of Canada, Australia and Mexico. Currently, the Canadian and Australian Valeant-Meda JVs are involved in the commercialization of certain products in Canada and Australia, respectively. Bristol-Myers Collaboration and Option Agreements On October 1, 2012, the Company entered into collaboration and option agreements with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (‘‘Bristol-Myers’’) whereby Bristol-Myers granted the Company additional rights for approximately two years in several European countries to promote, market and sell a variety of products, including Monopril(cid:4), Cefzil(cid:4), Duracef(cid:4) and Megace(cid:4). Prior to these agreements, the Company was selling many of these products in other territories. The collaboration agreement expires January 1, 2015, at which time the Company may exercise an option to acquire all rights, and associated intellectual property, to the products in both the previous and new territories. As consideration for the rights under the collaboration and option agreements, including a reduced supply price on the products sold by the Company prior to these agreements and the purchase of inventory on hand, the Company made payments to Bristol-Myers in the fourth quarter of 2012 totaling $83.3 million. If the Company elects to exercise the option to acquire the incremental rights described above, the Company will make an additional payment to Bristol-Myers in an amount to be determined based on net sales performance of the products. The majority of the $83.3 million in payments was allocated, based on relative fair values, to the value of the option, which is included in other long-term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining portion was allocated to intangible assets, other current assets, and inventory. Collaboration Agreements Assumed in Connection with the Medicis Acquisition In connection with the Medicis acquisition, the Company assumed several research and development collaboration agreements, including the arrangements described below. As part of the Company’s integration efforts, these collaboration arrangements will be evaluated which could result in future contract termination costs incurred by the Company. Development and License Agreement with a specialty pharmaceutical company On March 30, 2012, Medicis entered into a Development and License Agreement with a specialty pharmaceutical company pursuant to which Medicis obtained exclusive worldwide rights for the development and commercialization of an investigational drug targeted at certain topical skin applications. F-52 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 5. COLLABORATION AGREEMENTS (Continued) Under the terms of the agreement, the Company may pay up to $80.0 million upon the achievement of certain research, development and regulatory milestones and up to $120.0 million upon the achievement of certain commercial milestones, as well as royalties on future sales. Research and Development Agreement with Anacor On February 9, 2011, Medicis entered into a research and development agreement with Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Anacor’’) for the discovery and development of boron-based small molecule compounds directed against a target for the potential treatment of acne. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company may pay up to $153.0 million upon the achievement of certain research, development, regulatory and commercial milestones, as well as royalties on sales by the Company. Anacor will be responsible for discovering and conducting the early development of product candidates which utilize Anacor’s proprietary boron chemistry platform, while the Company will have an option to obtain an exclusive license for products covered by the agreement. Collaboration with a privately-held U.S. biotechnology company On September 10, 2010, Medicis and a privately-held U.S. biotechnology company entered into a sublicense and development agreement to develop an agent for specific dermatological conditions in the Americas and Europe and a purchase option to acquire the privately-held U.S. biotechnology company. Under the terms of the agreements, the Company may make payments to the privately-held U.S. biotechnology company of up to $75.0 million upon successful completion of certain clinical, regulatory and commercial milestones. Joint Development Agreement with Lupin On July 21, 2011, Medicis entered into a Joint Development Agreement (the ‘‘Original Lupin Agreement’’) with Lupin Limited, on behalf of itself and its affiliates (hereinafter collectively referred to as ‘‘Lupin’’), whereby Medicis and Lupin will collaborate to develop multiple novel proprietary therapeutic products. Pursuant to the Original Lupin Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, Medicis was to make payments to Lupin upon the achievement of certain research, development, regulatory and other milestones, as well as royalty payments on sales of the products covered under the Original Lupin Agreement. In addition, Medicis was to receive an exclusive, worldwide (excluding India) license on the sale of the products covered under the Original Lupin Agreement. On March 30, 2012, Medicis entered into an Amended and Restated Joint Development Agreement, with Lupin (the ‘‘Amended and Restated Joint Development Agreement’’), which modified the list of products being developed. The Company may make payments to Lupin of up to $35.5 million upon the achievement of certain research, development, regulatory and other milestones, as well as royalty payments on sales of the products covered under the Amended and Restated Joint Development Agreement, which supersedes the payments that Medicis would have made under the Original Lupin Agreement. In addition, Medicis will receive an exclusive, worldwide (excluding India) license on the sale of the products covered under the Amended and Restated Joint Development Agreement. F-53 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 6. RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND OTHER CHARGES Medicis Acquisition-Related Cost-Rationalization and Integration Initiatives The Company has implemented cost-rationalization and integration initiatives to capture operating synergies and generate cost savings across the Company. These measures included: (cid:127) workforce reductions across the Company and other organizational changes; (cid:127) closing of duplicative facilities and other site rationalization actions company-wide, including research and development facilities, sales offices and corporate facilities; (cid:127) leveraging research and development spend; and (cid:127) procurement savings. The Company estimated that it will incur total costs in the range of up to $275 million in connection with these cost-rationalization and integration initiatives, which are expected to be substantially completed by the end of 2013. $85.6 million has been incurred as of December 31, 2012. These costs include: employee termination costs payable to approximately 750 employees of the Company and Medicis who have been or will be terminated as a result of the Medicis acquisition; IPR&D termination costs related to the transfer to other parties of product-development programs that did not align with our research and development model; costs to consolidate or close facilities and relocate employees; and contract termination and lease cancellation costs. These estimates do not include a charge of $77.3 million recognized and paid in the fourth quarter of 2012 related to the acceleration of unvested stock options, restricted stock awards, and share appreciation rights for Medicis employees that was triggered by the change in control. The following table summarizes the major components of costs incurred in connection with Medicis acquisition-related initiatives through December 31, 2012: Balance, January 1, 2012 . . . . . Costs incurred and charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash payments . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash adjustments . . . . . . . Employee Termination Costs Severance and Related Benefits Share-Based Compensation(1) IPR&D Termination Costs Contract Termination, Facility Closure and Other Costs Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 85,253 (77,975) 4,073 77,329 (77,329) — — — — 370 (5) (162) 162,952 (155,309) 3,911 Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . $ 11,351 $ — $ — $ 203 $ 11,554 (1) Relates to the acceleration of unvested stock options, restricted stock awards, and share appreciation rights for Medicis employees that was triggered by the change in control. Merger-Related Cost-Rationalization and Integration Initiatives The Company has completed measures to integrate the operations of Biovail and Valeant, capture operating synergies and generate cost savings across the Company. These measures included: (cid:127) workforce reductions across the Company and other organizational changes; (cid:127) closing of duplicative facilities and other site rationalization actions company-wide, including research and development facilities, sales offices and corporate facilities; F-54 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 6. RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND OTHER CHARGES (Continued) (cid:127) leveraging research and development spend; and (cid:127) procurement savings. In connection with these cost-rationalization and integration initiatives, the Company has incurred costs including: employee termination costs (including related share-based payments) payable to approximately 500 employees of Biovail and Valeant who have been terminated as a result of the Merger; IPR&D termination costs related to the transfer to other parties of product-development programs that did not align with the Company’s research and development model; costs to consolidate or close facilities and relocate employees, asset impairments charges to write down property, plant and equipment to fair value; and contract termination and lease cancellation costs. The following table summarizes the major components of costs incurred in connection with Merger-related initiatives through December 31, 2012: Balance, January 1, 2010 . . . . . Costs incurred and charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash adjustments . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2010 . . . Costs incurred and charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash adjustments . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2011 . . . Costs incurred and charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash adjustments . . . . . . . . Employee Termination Costs Severance and Related Benefits Share-Based Compensation IPR&D Termination Costs(1) Contract Termination, Facility Closure and Other Costs $ — $ — $ — $ — 58,727 (33,938) — 24,789 14,548 (38,168) 989 2,158 1,654 (3,873) 268 49,482 — (49,482) — 3,455 (2,033) (741) 681 — — (681) 13,750 (13,750) — — — — — — — — — 12,862 (8,755) (2,437) 1,670 28,938 (15,381) (4,913) 10,314 12,769 (22,767) 227 Total $ — 134,821 (56,443) (51,919) 26,459 46,941 (55,582) (4,665) 13,153 14,423 (26,640) (186) Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . $ 207 $ — $ — $ 543 $ 750 (1) As described below under ‘‘— Research and Development Pipeline Rationalization’’. As described in note 26, restructuring costs are not recorded in the Company’s reportable segments. Employee Termination Costs The Company recognized employee termination costs of $1.7 million, $14.5 million and $58.7 million in the years ended December 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, for severance and related benefits payable to approximately 500 employees of Biovail and Valeant who have been terminated as a result of the Merger. These reductions primarily reflect the elimination of redundancies and consolidation of staff in the research and development, general and administrative, and sales and marketing functions. As of December 31, 2012, $76.0 million of the termination costs had been paid. F-55 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 6. RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND OTHER CHARGES (Continued) In addition, in the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recognized incremental share-based compensation expense of $49.5 million related to the following stock options and RSUs held by terminated employees of Biovail and Valeant: Stock options and time-based RSUs held by Biovail employees with employment agreements . Stock options held by Biovail employees without employment agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance-based RSUs held by Biovail executive officers and selected employees . . . . . . . . Stock options and RSUs held by former executive officers of Valeant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,622 (492) 20,287 20,065 $49,482 The Company recognized an additional $3.5 million in share-based compensation expense in the year ended December 31, 2011, related to stock options and RSUs held by terminated employees of Biovail and Valeant. Research and Development Pipeline Rationalization Prior to the Merger, the Company’s product development and business development efforts were focused on unmet medical needs in specialty CNS disorders. Since the Merger, the Company has been employing a leveraged research and development model that allows it to progress development programs, while minimizing research and development expense, through partnerships and other means. In consideration of this model, following the Merger, the Company conducted a strategic and financial review of its product development pipeline and identified the programs that did not align with the Company’s new research and development model. These programs are outlined in the table below. In respect of the Staccato(cid:4) loxapine, GDNF, tetrabenazine, fipamezole and pimavanserin programs, the Company provided notices of termination to, or entered into termination agreements with, the counterparties to the agreements. Regarding the Ampakine(cid:4) program, the Company suspended development of these compounds and the program was sold back to Cortex on March 15, 2011 for an upfront fee of $0.2 million. Program Counterparty AZ-004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alexza BVF-007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cortex BVF-014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MedGenesis BVF-018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LifeHealth Limited Tetrabenazine BVF-025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Santhera BVF-036, -040, -048 . . . . . . . . . . ACADIA Fipamezole Pimavanserin Compound Staccato(cid:4) loxapine AMPAKINE(cid:4) GDNF Contingent Milestone Obligations Terminated(1) $ 90,000 $ 15,000 $ 20,000 Nil $200,000 $365,000 IPR&D Termination Charges Nil Nil $ 5,000(2) $28,000(3) Nil $ 8,750(2) (1) Represents the maximum amount of previously disclosed milestone payments the Company could have been required to make to the counterparty under each agreement. These milestone payments were contingent on the achievement of specific developmental, regulatory and commercial milestones. In addition, the Company could have been obligated to make royalty payments based on future net sales of the products if regulatory approval was obtained. As a consequence of the termination of these arrangements, the Company has no ongoing or future obligation in respect of these milestone or royalty payments. (2) Represents the amount of negotiated settlements with each counterparty that was recognized and paid by the Company in the three-month period ended December 31, 2010. (3) Represents the carrying amount of the related acquired IPR&D asset capitalized in connection with the tetrabenazine acquisition in June 2009. F-56 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 6. RESTRUCTURING, INTEGRATION AND OTHER CHARGES (Continued) In addition to the settlement payments identified in the table above, the Company incurred internal and external costs of $5.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 that were directly associated with the fulfillment of its remaining contractual obligations under these terminated arrangements, which costs have been recognized as restructuring costs. Contract Termination, Facility Closure and Other Costs Facility closure costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2012 included an incremental $10.2 million charge for the remaining operating lease obligations related to the Company’s vacated Mississauga, Ontario corporate office facility. Facility closure costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2011 included a $9.8 million charge for the remaining operating lease obligations (net of estimated sublease rentals that could be reasonably obtained) related to the Company’s vacated Mississauga, Ontario corporate office facility and a charge of $1.4 million related to a lease termination payment on the Company’s Aliso Viejo, California corporate office facility. The Company has transitioned a number of its corporate office functions to Bridgewater, New Jersey. As a result, a portion of the previously vacated space in the Bridgewater facility have been reoccupied, resulting in a $2.0 million reversal of a previously recognized restructuring accrual related to that space. In addition to costs associated with the Company’s Medicis acquisition-related and Merger-related initiatives shown in the tables above, the Company incurred an additional $167.0 million of other restructuring, integration-related and other costs in the year ended December 31, 2012, including (i) $73.5 million of integration consulting, duplicate labor, transition service, and other, (ii) $57.6 million of severance costs, (iii) $17.6 million of facility closure costs and (iv) $18.3 million of other costs, including non-personnel manufacturing integration costs. The Company also made payments of $147.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2012. In the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company incurred $50.9 million of integration-related costs, of which $37.5 million had been paid as of December 31, 2011. The costs in 2012 and 2011 were primarily related to the acquisitions of Medicis, Dermik, iNova, Sanitas, OraPharma, Ortho Dermatologics, Afexa, PharmaSwiss, and a U.S. restructuring in 2012 focused primarily on a reduction in the prescription dermatology field force, the global consolidation of the Company’s manufacturing facilities, and systems integration initiatives. F-57 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following fair value hierarchy table presents the components and classification of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: 2012 2011 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Significant Other Significant Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Significant Other Significant Identical Observable Unobservable Identical Observable Unobservable Carrying Value Assets (Level 1) Inputs (Level 2) Inputs (Level 3) Carrying Value Assets (Level 1) Inputs (Level 2) Inputs (Level 3) Assets: Money market funds . . . . . . $ 306,604 Available-for-sale equity $306,604 $ — $ — $ 27,711 $27,711 $ — $ — securities . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,410 4,410 Available-for-sale debt securities: Corporate bonds . . . . . . . Auction rate floating — securities . . . . . . . . . . 7,167 — — Total financial assets . . . . . . $ 318,181 $311,014 Cash equivalents . . . . . . . . $ 306,604 11,577 Marketable securities . . . . . $306,604 4,410 Total financial assets . . . . . . $ 318,181 $311,014 — — — $ — $ — — $ — — — 3,364 3,364 2,974 2,974 7,167 — — $ 7,167 $ 34,049 $34,049 $ — 7,167 $ 27,711 6,338 $27,711 6,338 $ 7,167 $ 34,049 $34,049 — — — $ — $ — — $ — — — — $ — $ — — $ — Liabilities: Acquisition-related contingent consideration $(455,082) $ — $ — $(455,082) $(420,084) $ — $ — $(420,084) Fair value measurements are estimated based on valuation techniques and inputs categorized as follows: (cid:127) Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; (cid:127) Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and (cid:127) Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are financial instruments whose values are determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, pricing models, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. There were no transfers between Level 1 and level 2 during the year ended December 31, 2012. F-58 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued) Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) The fair value measurement of contingent consideration obligations arising from business combinations is determined using unobservable (Level 3) inputs. These inputs include (i) the estimated amount and timing of projected cash flows; (ii) the probability of the achievement of the factor(s) on which the contingency is based; and (iii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the probability-weighted cash flows. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The following table presents a reconciliation of contingent consideration obligations measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011: Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total unrealized gains: Included in net (loss) income: Arising during the year(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification from other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Included in other comprehensive income (loss): 2012 2011 $(420,084) $ (20,220) 5,266 — 10,986 — Arising during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (784) 831 Acquisition-related contingent consideration: Issuances(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (145,728) 106,248 (443,481) 31,800 Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(455,082) $(420,084) (1) For the year ended December 31, 2012, a net gain of $5.3 million was recognized as Acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The Acquisition-related contingent consideration net gain was primarily driven by (i) a net gain of $10.3 million related to the iNova acquisition, primarily due to changes in the estimated probability of achieving the milestones, partially offset by (ii) a net loss of $6.5 million related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement, primarily driven by fair value adjustments to reflect accretion for the time value of money, partially offset by changes in the projected revenue forecast resulting from the FDA’s denial of the Company’s Citizen’s Petition regarding Zovirax(cid:4) ointment, as described in note 3. For the year ended December 31, 2011, $11.0 million was recognized as Acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The Acquisition-related contingent consideration gain was primarily driven by a $13.2 million gain related to assessment of the net sales milestones for the 2011 calendar year with respect to the PharmaSwiss acquisition and a $9.4 million gain related to assessment of the milestones with respect to the A002 program, which was suspended in 2011. These gains were partially offset by fair value adjustments to reflect accretion for the time value of money related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement. (2) Relates primarily to the OraPharma, Gerot Lannach, QLT, Atlantis and University Medical acquisitions as described in note 3. (3) Relates primarily to payments of acquisition-related contingent consideration related to the Elidel(cid:4)/Xerese(cid:4) license agreement and the PharmaSwiss acquisition. As of December 31, 2012, the Company also held investments in auction rate floating securities assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition, which are classified as available-for-sale securities and reflected at fair value (level 3). F-59 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued) Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis subsequent to initial recognition included an (i) IPR&D asset related to a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product. The Company recognized an impairment charge in 2012 of $24.7 million in In-process research and development impairments and other charges related to this asset due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization. The adjusted carrying amount of $8.8 million as of December 31, 2012 for this asset was equal to its estimated fair value, which was determined using discounted cash flows and represents Level 3 inputs; (ii) intangible assets related to certain suncare and skincare brands sold primarily in Australia, which are classified as held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company recognized impairment charges in 2012 of $31.3 million for these brands in Amortization of intangible assets in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. These charges included an allocation of goodwill of $12.8 million based on the relative fair value of these brands as compared to the total fair value of the Australia reporting unit. The adjusted carrying amount of $60.5 million for these assets, in the aggregate, is equal to their estimated fair values less costs to sell, which was determined using discounted cash flows and represents Level 3 inputs; and (iii) intangible asset related to the Dermaglow(cid:4) product classified as held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company recognized impairment charges in 2012 of $18.7 million for the Dermaglow(cid:4) product in Amortization of intangible assets in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The adjusted carrying amount of $2.2 million for this asset is equal to its estimated fair value less costs to sell, which was determined using discounted cash flows and represents Level 3 inputs. As of December 31, 2011, the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis subsequent to initial recognition included intangible assets related to the IDP-111 and 5-FU products classified as held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet. Refer to note 4 for additional information. The Company recognized impairment charges in 2011 of $7.9 million and $19.8 million for IDP-111 and 5-FU, respectively, in Amortization of intangible assets in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The adjusted carrying amounts of $54.4 million and $14.8 million for IDP-111 and 5-FU, respectively, are equal to estimated fair value, less costs to sell, which was based on observable market prices and represents Level 2 inputs. On February 3, 2012, the Company sold the IDP-111 and 5-FU products. Also, the Company recognized impairment charges on IPR&D assets of $105.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2011 in In-process research and development impairments and other charges, relating to the A002, A004, and A006 programs acquired as part of the Aton acquisition in 2010 described above under note 3, as well as the IDP-109 and IDP-115 dermatology programs. The adjusted carrying amounts of $12.6 million as of December 31, 2011, in the aggregate, for these assets were equal to their estimated fair value, which was determined using discounted cash flows and represents Level 3 inputs. For further information regarding asset impairment charges, see note 12 titled ‘‘INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL’’. F-60 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 8. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: 2012 2011 Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt (as described in note 14)(1) . . . $ 306,604 11,577 (11,015,625) $ 306,604 11,577 (11,691,338) $ 27,711 6,338 (6,651,011) $ 27,711 6,338 (6,732,568) (1) Fair value measurement of long-term debt was estimated using the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues and other pertinent information available to management. The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable securities by major security type as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: 2012 2011 Cost Basis Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Losses Cost Basis Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Losses Corporate bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . Auction rate floating securities . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $— $ — $2,983 7,166 4,031 7,167 4,410 1 — 379 — — 1,730 $2,974 — 3,364 $(9) $ — — — 1,634 — $11,197 $11,577 $380 $ — $4,713 $6,338 $1,634 $(9) As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s marketable securities had a maximum term to maturity of 34 years. Gross gains and losses realized on the sale of marketable debt securities were not material in the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 or 2010. 9. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE The components of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $781,954 (12,485) $480,867 (12,328) 2012 2011 Royalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769,469 15,606 128,760 468,539 21,774 78,955 $913,835 $569,268 The increase in accounts receivable primarily reflects acquisitions during 2012, including the addition of Probiotica’s, OraPharma’s, Medicis’, and Gerot Lannach’s revenues from products and services in 2012, as well as revenue growth from the existing business. F-61 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 10. INVENTORIES The components of inventories as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: Raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $120,885 60,384 406,018 $ 63,368 64,108 250,555 2012 2011 Less allowance for obsolescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587,287 (56,031) 378,031 (22,819) $531,256 $355,212 In the year ended December 31, 2012, the increase in raw materials and the allowance for obsolescence is primarily driven by (i) the 2012 acquisitions of businesses, including the QLT transaction where a significant amount of active pharmaceutical ingredient was acquired, and the Medicis acquisition, and (ii) investments in inventory to support growth of the business and manufacturing integration initiatives. For further details regarding the 2012 acquisitions, see note 3 titled ‘‘BUSINESS COMBINATIONS’’. 11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT The major components of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other equipment and leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 42,920 220,039 262,226 55,207 55,840 $ 44,110 216,182 207,136 49,114 23,492 2012 2011 Less accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636,232 (173,508) 540,034 (125,792) $ 462,724 $ 414,242 The increase in the gross carrying value primarily reflects the acquisition of OraPharma’s property, plant and equipment, which were recorded at fair value (as described in note 3) and the positive impact of foreign currency exchange. Depreciation expense amounted to $54.8 million, $45.6 million and $23.9 million in the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. F-62 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 12. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL Intangible Assets The major components of intangible assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: Weighted- Average Useful Lives (Years) 2012 2011(1) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Net Accumulated Carrying Amount Amortization Finite-lived intangible assets: Product brands . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate brands . . . . . . . . . . . Product rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partner relationships . . . . . . . . . Out-licensed technology and other Total finite-lived intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite-lived intangible assets: 10 16 8 4 7 10 $ 7,968,318 284,287 2,110,350 187,012 209,452 $(1,345,367) (25,336) (525,186) (44,230) (57,507) $6,622,951 258,951 1,585,164 142,782 151,945 $6,428,304 179,752 1,302,140 135,095 174,873 $ (737,876) (10,630) (306,936) (15,633) (38,915) $5,690,428 169,122 995,204 119,462 135,958 10,759,419 (1,997,626) 8,761,793 8,220,164 (1,109,990) 7,110,174 Acquired IPR&D(2) . . . . . . . . . NA 546,876 — 546,876 531,304 — 531,304 $11,306,295 $(1,997,626) $9,308,669 $8,751,468 $(1,109,990) $7,641,478 (1) The 2011 amounts have been revised. For further details, see note 2 titled ‘‘SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES’’. (2) In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company recognized an IPR&D impairment charge of $24.7 million related to a Xerese(cid:4) life-cycle product (U.S. Dermatology segment) due to higher projected development spend and revised timelines for potential commercialization. In the third quarter of 2012, the Company wrote off an IPR&D asset of $133.4 million, relating to the IDP-107 program (U.S. Dermatology segment), which was acquired in September 2010 as part of the Merger described in note 3. Through discussion with various internal and external Key Opinion Leaders, the Company completed its analysis of the Phase 2 study results for IDP-107 during the third quarter of 2012. This led to the Company’s decision in the third quarter of 2012 to terminate the program and fully impair the asset. As attempts to identify a partner for the program were not successful, the Company does not believe the program has value to a market participant. In addition, in the second quarter of 2012, the Company wrote off $4.3 million relating to the termination of the MC5 program (U.S. Dermatology segment) acquired as part of the Ortho Dermatologics acquisition in 2011 described in note 3. The write offs of the IPR&D assets were recorded in In-process research and development impairments and other charges in the consolidated statements of (loss) income for the year ended December 31, 2012. In addition, a $12.0 million payment in the third quarter of 2012 to terminate a research and development commitment with a third party was included in In-process research and development impairments and other charges in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. In the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company recognized impairment charges on IPR&D assets of $105.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2011, relating to the A002, A004, and A006 programs (U.S. Neurology and Other segment) acquired as part of the Aton acquisition in 2010 described above in note 3, as well as the IDP-109 and IDP-115 programs (U.S. Dermatology segment). The impairment charges were triggered in the fourth quarter of 2011 due to unfavorable study results, feedback received from the FDA which would result in the incurrence of higher costs to perform additional studies, reassessment of risk and the probability of success, and/or pipeline prioritization decisions resulting in the re-allocation of Company resources to other research and development programs. The impairment charges on IPR&D assets were recorded in In-process research and development impairments and other charges in the consolidated statements of (loss) income for the year ended December 31, 2011. information related to finite-lived For MEASUREMENTS’’. intangible asset impairment charges, see note 7 titled ‘‘FAIR VALUE The increase in intangible assets in 2012 primarily reflects the acquisition of the Medicis, OraPharma, Gerot Lannach, QLT, J&J North America, University Medical, Atlantis, J&J ROW and Probiotica F-63 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 12. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL (Continued) identifiable intangible assets (as described in note 3) and the positive impact of foreign currency exchange, partially offset by the IPR&D impairments and write-offs described above. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, amortization expense related to intangible assets was recorded as follows: Alliance and royalty revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of goods sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — 2,557 928,885 $ 1,072 8,103 557,814 $ 1,072 8,103 219,758 $931,442 $566,989 $228,933 2012 2011 2010 Estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 is as follows: Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,050,614 $1,035,678 $1,015,956 $980,340 $934,136 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Goodwill The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: U.S. Dermatology U.S. Neurology and Other Canada and Australia Emerging Markets Total Balance, December 31, 2010(1) . . . . . . . . Additions(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustments(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange and other . . . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2011(1) . . . . . . . . Additions(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustments(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange and other(6) . . . . . . . . . $ 481,441 11,648 (338) (1,100) $1,354,955 — 187,248 — $398,815 138,152 (32,963) (11,005) $ 766,165 446,527 (37,481) (120,552) $3,001,376 596,327 116,466 (132,657) 491,651 1,542,203 492,999 1,054,659 3,581,512 1,464,539 2,020 (174) — — — 2,145 (16,651) 10,063 49,908 — 48,004 1,516,592 (14,631) 57,893 Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . $1,958,036 $1,542,203 $488,556 $1,152,571 $5,141,366 (1) Effective in the first quarter of 2012, the Company has four reportable segments: U.S. Dermatology, U.S. Neurology and Other, Canada and Australia and Emerging Markets. Accordingly, the Company has restated prior period segment information to conform to the current period presentation. For further details, see note 26 titled ‘‘SEGMENT INFORMATION’’. In addition certain 2011 amounts have been revised. For further details, see note 2 titled ‘‘SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES’’. (2) Primarily relates to the PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, Afexa, and iNova acquisitions (as described in note 3). (3) Reflects the impact of measurement period adjustments related to the Merger (as described in note 3). (4) Primarily relates to the Medicis, OraPharma, Probiotica and Gerot Lannach acquisitions (as described in note 3). F-64 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 12. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL (Continued) (5) (6) Primarily reflects the impact of measurement period adjustments related to the iNova, Dermik and Afexa acquisitions (as described in note 3). Includes an impairment charge of $12.8 million related to the allocation of goodwill to the carrying amounts of certain suncare and skincare brands primarily sold in Australia, which are classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2012. Refer to note 7 titled ‘‘FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS’’, for additional details regarding these impairment charges. As described in note 3, the allocation of the goodwill balance associated with the Medicis, J&J ROW and J&J North America, acquisitions is provisional and subject to the completion of the valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 13. ACCRUED LIABILITIES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES The major components of accrued liabilities and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: 2012 2011 Product returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product rebates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, integration and other costs (as described in note 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . Royalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal settlements (as described in note 24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities for uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Value added tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil uncommitted line of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $171,099 369,339 131,462 69,345 19,189 32,798 24,523 16,279 14,395 12,892 10,548 109,413 $119,064 121,106 97,779 67,568 30,825 21,923 9,590 1,300 646 9,748 — 48,034 $981,282 $527,583 F-65 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT A summary of the Company’s consolidated short-term borrowings and long-term debt as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, is outlined in the table below: Short-term borrowings Brazil Uncommitted Line of Credit(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 2013 $ 10,548 $ — Maturity Date 2012 2011 Long-term debt New Revolving Credit Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 2016 Term Loan A Facility, net of unamortized debt discount $ — $ 220,000 (2012 — $30,288; 2011 — $39,480) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 2016 2,083,462 2,185,520 New Term Loan B Facility, net of unamortized debt discount of $24,833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 2019 1,275,167 Incremental Term Loan B Facility, net of unamortized debt discount of $26,012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 2019 973,988 — — Senior Notes: 6.50% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.75%, net of unamortized debt discount (2012 — July 2016 915,500 915,500 $1,695; 2011 — $2,051) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2017 498,305 497,949 6.875%, net of unamortized debt discount (2012 — $5,303; 2011 — $6,204) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 2018 939,277 938,376 7.00%, net of unamortized debt discount (2012 — $3,340; 2011 — $3,772) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 2020 6.75% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2021 7.25%, net of unamortized debt discount (2012 — $8,665; 2011 — $9,573) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2022 6.375%, net of unamortized discount (2012 — $25,480) . October 2020 6.375%, net of unamortized discount (2012 — $7,280) . . October 2020 Convertible Notes: 5.375% Convertible Notes, net of unamortized debt discount (2011 — $1,697) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . August 2014 1.375% Convertible Notes(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50% Convertible Notes(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50% Convertible Notes(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2017 June 2032 June 2033 Less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686,660 650,000 541,335 1,724,520 492,720 — 228,576 5,133 84 898 686,228 650,000 540,427 — — 17,011 — — — — 11,015,625 (480,182) 6,651,011 (111,250) $10,535,443 $6,539,761 (1) Short-term borrowings under uncommitted line of credit have been included in Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. (2) Represents obligations of Medicis. The total fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, with carrying values of $11.0 billion and $6.7 billion at December 31, 2012 and 2011, was $11.7 billion and $6.7 billion, respectively. The fair value of the F-66 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) Company’s long-term debt is estimated using the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues and other pertinent information available to management as of the end of the respective periods. Aggregate maturities of our long-term debt for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 and thereafter are as follows: 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 480,182 468,000 468,000 1,939,759 523,000 7,269,580 Total gross maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unamortized discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,148,521 (132,896) Total long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11,015,625 Brazil Uncommitted Line of Credit On September 25, 2012, the Company’s subsidiary in Brazil entered into an uncommitted unsecured line of credit with a financial institution for total availability of R$21.9 million ($10.7 million at December 31, 2012). This uncommitted line of credit bears an interest rate of the Interbank Deposit Certificate Rate plus 0.23% per month and was renewed on February 26, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had $10.5 million of borrowings under this line of credit. The effective interest rate on the drawn borrowings was approximately 0.8% per month. Senior Secured Credit Facilities On February 13, 2012, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the ‘‘Credit Agreement’’) with a syndicate of financial institutions and investors. As of that date, the Credit Agreement provided for a $275.0 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit for the issuance of standby and commercial letters of credit and a sublimit for swing line loans (the ‘‘Revolving Credit Facility’’), a $2.225 billion senior secured term loan A facility (the ‘‘Term Loan A Facility’’) and a $600.0 million senior secured term loan B facility (the ‘‘Term Loan B Facility’’). The Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 20, 2016 and does not amortize. The Term Loan A Facility matures on April 20, 2016 and began amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2012 at an initial annual rate of 5.0%. The amortization schedule under the Term Loan A Facility will increase to 10.0% annually commencing March 31, 2013 and 20.0% annually commencing March 31, 2014, payable in quarterly installments. The Term Loan B Facility matures on February 13, 2019 and began amortizing quarterly on June 30, 2012 at an annual rate of 1.0%. On June 14, 2012, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to increase the Term Loan B Facility by $600.0 million of incremental term loans to $1.2 billion. In addition, on July 9, 2012, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to increase the Term Loan B Facility by an additional $100.0 million of incremental term loans to $1.3 billion (the Term Loan B Facility as so amended, the ‘‘Amended Term Loan B Facility’’). The incremental term loans mature on February 13, 2019, began amortizing quarterly on September 30, 2012 at an annual rate of 1.0% and have terms that are consistent with the Company’s Term Loan B Facility. F-67 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) On September 11, 2012, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to increase the amount of commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by $175.0 million to an aggregate of $450.0 million (the Revolving Credit Facility as so amended, the ‘‘New Revolving Credit Facility’’). On October 2, 2012, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries as guarantors entered into a joinder agreement to reprice and refinance the Amended Term Loan B Facility (the ‘‘Repricing Transaction’’) by the issuance of $1.3 billion in new incremental term loans (the ‘‘New Term Loan B Facility’’). The incremental term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility mature on February 13, 2019, begin amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and have terms consistent with the Amended Term Loan B Facility. In connection with the refinancing of the Amended Term Loan B Facility pursuant to the Repricing Transaction, the Company paid a prepayment premium of approximately $13.0 million, equal to 1.0% of the refinanced term loans under the Amended Term Loan B Facility. In addition, repayments of outstanding loans under the New Term Loan B Facility in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to October 2, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. In connection with the Medicis acquisition, on December 11, 2012, the Company issued $1.0 billion in incremental term B loans (the ‘‘Incremental Term Loan B Facility’’ and together with the New Revolving Credit Facility, the New Term Loan B Facility and the Term Loan A Facility, the ‘‘Senior Secured Credit Facilities’’). The Incremental Term Loan B Facility matures on December 11, 2019, begins amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and has terms consistent with the New Term Loan B Facility. As of December 31, 2012, $2,083.5 million in term loans was outstanding under the Term Loan A Facility, $1,275.2 million in term loans was outstanding under the New Term Loan B Facility, $974.0 million in term loans was outstanding under the Incremental Term Loan B Facility and the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility. The loans under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities may be made to, and the letters of credit under the New Revolving Credit Facility may be issued on behalf of, the Company. All borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including the absence of a default or an event of default and the accuracy in all material respects of representations and warranties. Borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the Company’s option, either (a) a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (1) the rate of interest quoted in the print edition of The Wall Street Journal, Money Rates Section, as the Prime Rate (currently defined as the base rate on corporate loans posted by at least 75% of the nation’s 30 largest banks) and (2) the federal funds effective rate plus 1⁄2 of 1% or (b) a LIBO rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for U.S. dollar deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs, in each case plus an applicable margin. The initial applicable margin for borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility was 1.75% with respect to base rate borrowings and 2.75% with respect to LIBO rate borrowings. Interest rates for the New Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility are subject to increase or decrease quarterly based on leverage ratios. As of December 31, 2012, the effective rate of interest on the Company’s borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan A Facility was 3.52% and 3.27% per annum, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, the applicable margin for borrowings under both the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility was 2.25% with respect to base rate borrowings and 3.25% with respect to LIBO rate borrowings, subject to a 1.0% LIBO rate floor. As of December 31, 2012, the effective F-68 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) rate of interest on the Company’s borrowings under the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan Facility was 4.35% and 3.48% per annum, respectively. In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the Company is required to pay commitment fees of 0.50% per annum in respect of the unutilized commitments under the New Revolving Credit Facility, payable quarterly in arrears. The Company also is required to pay letter of credit fees on the maximum amount available to be drawn under all outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the applicable margin on LIBO rate borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility on a per annum basis, payable quarterly in arrears, as well as customary fronting fees for the issuance of letters of credit and agency fees. Subject to certain exceptions and customary baskets set forth in the Credit Agreement, the Company is required to make mandatory prepayments of the loans under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities under certain circumstances, including from (a) 100% of net cash proceeds from asset sales outside the ordinary course of business (subject to reinvestment rights), (b) 100% of the net cash proceeds of insurance and condemnation proceeds for property or asset losses (subject to reinvestment rights and net proceeds threshold), (c) 50% of the net cash proceeds from the issuance of equity securities subject to decrease based on leverage ratios, (d) 100% of the net cash proceeds from the incurrence of debt (other than permitted debt as defined in the Credit Agreement) and (e) 50% of Consolidated Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement) subject to decrease based on leverage ratios. The Company is permitted to voluntarily reduce the unutilized portion of the revolving commitment amount and repay outstanding loans under the New Revolving Credit Facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary ‘‘breakage’’ costs with respect to LIBO rate loans. Except for repayments of outstanding loans under the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to October 2, 2013, the Company is permitted to voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the Term Loan A Facility, the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary ‘‘breakage’’ costs with respect to LIBO rate loans. Repayments of outstanding loans under the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to October 2, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. The Company’s obligations and the obligations of the guarantors under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and certain hedging arrangements and cash management arrangements entered into with lenders under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities (or affiliates thereof) are secured by first-priority security interests in substantially all tangible and intangible assets of Valeant and the guarantors, including 100% of the capital stock of Valeant and each domestic subsidiary of Valeant, 65% of the capital stock of each foreign subsidiary of Valeant that is directly owned by Valeant or a guarantor that is a subsidiary of Valeant, and 100% of the capital stock of each other material subsidiary of the Company (other than Valeant’s subsidiaries), in each case subject to certain exclusions set forth in the credit documentation governing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, restrict the Company’s ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness; create liens; enter into agreements and other arrangements that include negative pledge clauses; pay dividends on capital stock or redeem, repurchase or retire capital stock or subordinated indebtedness; create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other distributions by subsidiaries; make investments, loans, advances and acquisitions; merge, amalgamate or sell assets, including equity interests of the subsidiaries; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with affiliates; enter F-69 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) into new lines of business; and enter into amendments of or waivers under subordinated indebtedness, organizational documents and certain other material agreements. The Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintain a secured leverage ratio not to exceed 2.50 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter beginning with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2012. The Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 3.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement also contains certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default. If an event of default, as specified in the Credit Agreement, shall occur and be continuing, the Company may be required to repay all amounts outstanding under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of December 31, 2012, the Company was in compliance with all covenants associated with the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes On March 8, 2011, Valeant issued $950.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.50% senior notes due 2016 (the ‘‘2016 Notes’’) and $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.25% senior notes due 2022 (the ‘‘2022 Notes’’) in a private placement. The 2016 Notes will mature on July 15, 2016 and the 2022 Notes will mature on July 15, 2022. The 2016 Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.50% per year and the 2022 Notes accrue interest at the rate of 7.25% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on each January 15 and July 15, commencing on July 15, 2011. The 2016 Notes were issued at par and the 2022 Notes were issued at 98.125% of par for an effective annual yield of 7.50%. The 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of the Company’s subsidiaries (other than Valeant) that is a guarantor under its other senior notes. Certain of the future subsidiaries of Valeant and the Company may be required to guarantee the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes. Net proceeds of the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes offering of $975.0 million were used to prepay the amount outstanding under previous Valeant’s term loan A facility. In addition, net proceeds of $274.8 million were used to fund the repurchase of common shares of the Company from ValueAct Capital Master Fund, L.P. (‘‘ValueAct’’) in March 2011 (as described in note 16). Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2016 Notes at any time prior to July 15, 2013, and the 2022 Notes at any time prior to July 15, 2016, in each case, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, plus a ‘‘make-whole’’ premium. In the fourth quarter of 2011, Valeant redeemed $34.5 million of principal amount of the 2016 Notes for $34.2 million through open-market purchases. On or after July 15, 2013, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2016 Notes and, on or after July 15, 2016, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2022 Notes, in each case at the redemption prices applicable to the 2016 Notes or the 2022 Notes, as set forth in the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption of the 2016 Notes or the 2022 Notes, as applicable. In addition, prior to July 15, 2013 for the 2016 Notes and July 15, 2014 for the 2022 Notes, Valeant may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of either the 2016 Notes or the 2022 Notes, at redemption prices of 106.500% and 107.250%, respectively, of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, in each case with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change in control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 2016 Notes or 2022 Notes, as applicable, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date of the 2016 Notes or the 2022 Notes, as applicable. F-70 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) The 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional debt; make certain investments and other restricted payments; create liens; enter into transactions with affiliates; engage in mergers, consolidations or amalgamations; repurchase capital stock, repurchase subordinated debt and make certain investments; and transfer and sell assets. If an event of default, as specified in the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes indenture, shall occur and be continuing, either the trustee or the holders of a specified percentage of the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes may accelerate the maturity of all the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes. 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Concurrent with the closing of the Merger, Valeant issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2017 Notes and $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2020 Notes in a private placement. The 2017 Notes mature on October 1, 2017 and the 2020 Notes mature on October 1, 2020. Interest on the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes accrues at the rate of 6.75% and 7.00%, respectively, and is payable semi-annually in arrears on each April 1 and October 1, commencing on April 1, 2011. The 2017 Notes were issued at a discount of 99.5% for an effective annual yield of 6.84% and the 2020 Notes were issued at a discount of 99.375% for an effective annual yield of 7.09%. The 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes are the senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of its subsidiaries (other than Valeant). Certain of the future subsidiaries of the Company may be required to guarantee the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes. A portion of the proceeds of the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes offering was used to repay $1.0 billion of previous term loan B facility and the remaining portion was used for general corporate purposes. Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2017 Notes at any time prior to October 1, 2014, and Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2020 Notes at any time prior to October 1, 2015, in each case at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, plus a ‘‘make-whole’’ premium, as set forth in the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Indenture. In the fourth quarter of 2011, Valeant redeemed $10.0 million of principal amount of the 2020 Notes for $9.5 million through open-market purchases. On or after October 1, 2014, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2017 Notes, and on or after October 1, 2015, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2020 Notes, in each case at the redemption prices applicable to the 2017 Notes or the 2020 Notes, as set forth in the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. In addition, prior to October 1, 2013, Valeant may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of either the 2017 Notes or the 2020 Notes at prices of 106.750% and 107.000%, respectively, of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, in each case with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change of control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date. The 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional debt; make certain investments and other restricted payments; create liens; enter into transactions with affiliates; engage in mergers, consolidations or amalgamations; repurchase capital stock, repurchase subordinated debt and make certain investments; and transfer and sell assets. If an event of default, as specified in the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Indenture, shall occur and be continuing, either the trustee or the holders of a specified F-71 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) percentage of the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes may accelerate the maturity of all the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes. 2018 Notes On November 23, 2010, Valeant issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Senior Notes due 2018 (the ‘‘2018 Notes’’ and, together with the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes, the ‘‘Notes’’) in a private placement. The 2018 Notes mature on December 1, 2018. Interest on the 2018 Notes accrues at a rate of 6.875% and is payable semi-annually in arrears on each June 1 and December 1, commencing on June 1, 2011. The 2018 Notes were issued at a discount of 99.24% for an effective annual yield of 7.0%. The 2018 Notes are the senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of its subsidiaries (other than Valeant). Certain of the future subsidiaries of Valeant and the Company may be required to guarantee the 2018 Notes. A portion of the proceeds of the 2018 Notes offering was used to repay the remaining $500.0 million owed under previous term loan B facility and the balance of the proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions, debt repayment and securities repurchases. Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2018 Notes at any time prior to December 1, 2014, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, plus a ‘‘make-whole’’ premium, as set forth in the 2018 Notes Indenture. In the fourth quarter of 2011, Valeant redeemed $55.4 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes for $54.9 million. On or after December 1, 2014, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2018 Notes at the redemption prices applicable to the 2018 Notes, as set forth in the 2018 Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. In addition, prior to December 1, 2013, Valeant may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes at 106.875% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, in each case with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change of control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 2018 Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date. The 2018 Notes Indenture contains covenants consistent with those contained in the 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes Indenture (as described above). 2021 Notes On February 8, 2011, Valeant issued at par $650.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% senior notes due 2021 (the ‘‘2021 Notes’’) in a private placement. Interest on the 2021 Notes accrues at the rate of 6.75% per year and is payable semi-annually in arrears on each February 15 and August 15, commencing on August 15, 2011. The 2021 Notes mature on August 15, 2021. The 2021 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of the Company’s subsidiaries (other than Valeant) that is a guarantor under its other senior notes. Certain of the future subsidiaries of Valeant and the Company may be required to guarantee the 2021 Notes. The net proceeds of the 2021 Notes offering were used principally to finance the acquisitions of PharmaSwiss (as described in note 3) and Zovirax(cid:4) (as described in note 4). Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2021 Notes at any time prior to February 15, 2016, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of F-72 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) redemption, plus a ‘‘make-whole’’ premium. On or after February 15, 2016, Valeant may redeem all or a portion of the 2021 Notes at the redemption prices applicable to the 2021 Notes as set forth in the 2021 Notes indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption of the 2021 Notes. In addition, prior to February 15, 2014, Valeant may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes at a redemption price of 106.750% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change in control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 2021 Notes, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the purchase date of the 2021 Notes. The 2021 Notes indenture contains covenants substantially consistent with those contained in the 2016 Notes and 2022 Notes indenture (as described above). 2020 Senior Notes On October 4, 2012, VPI Escrow Corp. (the ‘‘Issuer’’), a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of Valeant, issued $1,750.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes in a private placement. The 2020 Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2020. The 2020 Senior Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.375% per year, which is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15, commencing on April 15, 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 2020 Senior Notes, the Company incurred approximately $26.3 million in underwriting fees, which are recognized as debt issue discount, which resulted in the net proceeds of $1,723.7 million. At the time of the closing of the Medicis acquisition, (1) the Issuer merged with and into Valeant, with Valeant continuing as the surviving corporation, (2) Valeant assumed all of the Issuer’s obligations under the 2020 Senior Notes and the related indenture and (3) the funds previously held in escrow were released to the Company and were used to finance the Medicis acquisition. The 2020 Senior Notes are guaranteed by the Company and each of the Company’s subsidiaries (other than Valeant) that is a guarantor of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The indenture governing the terms of the 2020 Senior Notes provide that the 2020 Senior Notes are redeemable at the option of the Issuer, in whole or in part, at any time on or after October 15, 2016, at the specified redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. In addition, the Issuer may redeem some or all of the 2020 Senior Notes prior to October 15, 2016, in each case at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus a make-whole premium. Prior to October 15, 2015, the Issuer may also redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes using the proceeds from certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 106.375% of the principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change in control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 2020 Senior Notes, as applicable, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the purchase date of the 2020 Senior Notes, as applicable. The 2020 Senior Notes indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional debt, make certain investments and other restricted payments, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, engage in mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, repurchase capital stock, repurchase subordinated debt and make certain investments and transfer and sell assets. F-73 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) 6.375% senior notes due 2020 Concurrently with the offering of the 2020 Senior Notes on October 4, 2012, Valeant issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% senior notes due 2020 (the ‘‘6.375% Senior Notes’’) in a private placement. The 6.375% Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2020. The 6.375% Senior Notes accrue interest at the rate of 6.375% per year, which is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15, commencing on April 15, 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 6.375% Senior Notes, the Company incurred approximately $7.5 million in underwriting fees, which are recognized as debt issue discount, which resulted in the net proceeds of $492.5 million. The 6.375% Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Valeant and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and each of the Company’s subsidiaries (other than Valeant) that is a guarantor of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The 6.375% Senior Notes are redeemable at the option of Valeant, in whole or in part, at any time on or after October 15, 2016, at the specified redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to date of redemption. In addition, Valeant may redeem some or all of the 6.375% Senior Notes prior to October 15, 2016, in each case at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, plus a make-whole premium. Prior to October 15, 2015, Valeant may also redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 6.375% Senior Notes using the proceeds from certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 106.375% of the principal amount of the 6.375% Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. If Valeant or the Company experiences a change in control, Valeant may be required to repurchase the 6.375% Senior Notes, as applicable, in whole or in part, at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the purchase date of the 6.375% Senior Notes, as applicable. The 6.375% Senior Notes indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional debt, make certain investments and other restricted payments, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, engage in mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, repurchase capital stock, repurchase subordinated debt and make certain investments and transfer and sell assets. 5.375% Convertible Notes On June 10, 2009, the Company issued $350.0 million principal amount of 5.375% senior convertible notes due August 1, 2014 (the ‘‘5.375% Convertible Notes’’). The 5.375% Convertible Notes mature on August 1, 2014. The 5.375% Convertible Notes were issued at par and pay interest semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year. The 5.375% Convertible Notes may be converted based on a current conversion rate of 69.6943 common shares of the Company per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $14.35 per share. The conversion rate was adjusted on the Company specified types of distributions or enters into certain other transactions in respect of its common shares. In addition, following certain corporate transactions that occurred prior to maturity, the conversion rate increased for holders who elected to convert their holdings in connection with such corporate transactions. The 5.375% Convertible Notes were convertible at any time prior to the maturity date under the following circumstances: (cid:127) during any calendar quarter if the closing price of the Company’s common shares exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect during a defined period at the end of the previous quarter; F-74 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) (cid:127) during a defined period if the trading price of the 5.375% Convertible Notes falls below specified thresholds for a defined trading period; (cid:127) if the 5.375% Convertible Notes have been called for redemption; (cid:127) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions; or (cid:127) 25 trading days prior to the maturity date. Upon conversion, the 5.375% Convertible Notes would be settled in cash, common shares, or a combination of cash and common shares, at the Company’s option. The Company could redeem for cash all or a portion of the 5.375% Convertible Notes at any time on or after August 2, 2012, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, if during a defined period the closing price of the Company’s common shares exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect. The Company could not otherwise redeem any of the 5.375% Convertible Notes at its option prior to maturity, except upon the occurrence of certain changes to the laws governing Canadian withholding taxes. At the date of issuance, the principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes was allocated into a liability component and an equity component. The liability component was fair valued at $293.3 million, based on a 9.5% market rate of interest for similar debt with no conversion rights. The value allocated to the liability component is being accreted to the face value of the 5.375% Convertible Notes over the five-year period prior to maturity, using the effective interest method. The accretion of the liability component was being recognized as additional non-cash interest expense. The difference between the principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes and the value allocated to the liability component of $56.7 million was recorded in additional paid-in capital in shareholders’ equity, as the carrying amount of the equity component. In connection with the issuance of the 5.375% Convertible Notes, the Company incurred financing costs of $16.5 million, which were allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to the preceding allocation of the principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes. On June 29, 2012, the Company distributed a notice of redemption to holders of the Company’s 5.375% Convertible Notes to redeem all of the outstanding 5.375% Convertible Notes on August 2, 2012 (the ‘‘Redemption Date’’), at a redemption price of 100% of the outstanding aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. On August 1, 2012, all of the outstanding 5.375% Convertible Notes were converted by holders, and on September 5, 2012, they were settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $62.1 million. Immediately prior to settlement, the carrying amount of the liability component of the 5.375% Convertible Notes was $16.0 million and the estimated fair value of the liability component was $18.3 million. The difference of $2.3 million between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the liability component was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the three-month period ended September 30, 2012. The difference of $43.8 million between the estimated fair value of the liability component of $18.3 million and the aggregate purchase price of $62.1 million resulted in charges to additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit of $0.2 million and $43.6 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company repurchased $1.1 million, $205.0 million and $126.3 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes, respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $4.0 million, $623.3 million and $259.2 million, respectively. F-75 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) Interest expense was recognized based on the effective rate of interest of 9.5% on the liability component of the 5.375% Convertible Notes as follows: Cash interest per contractual coupon rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash amortization of debt discount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $559 333 $6,265 3,433 $18,335 9,265 $892 $9,698 $27,600 2012 2011 2010 In addition, interest expense included the non-cash amortization of deferred financing costs associated with the 5.375% Convertible Notes of $0.1 million, $0.8 million and $2.1 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 1.375% Convertible Notes, 2.50% Convertible Notes and 1.50% Convertible Notes In connection with the acquisition of Medicis, the Company assumed Medicis’ outstanding long-term debt, including current portion, of approximately $778.0 million at the Medicis acquisition date. As described in note 3, the Medicis long-term debt, including current portion, is comprised of the following: (i) 1.375% convertible senior notes due June 1, 2017 (the ‘‘1.375% Convertible Notes’’), (ii) 2.50% contingent convertible senior notes due June 4, 2032 (the ‘‘2.50% Convertible Notes’’) and (iii) 1.50% contingent convertible senior notes due June 4, 2033 (the ‘‘1.50% Convertible Notes’’). 1.375% Convertible Notes The 1.375% Convertible Notes will mature on June 1, 2017 and pay 1.375% annual cash interest, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1. As of December 31, 2012, $228.6 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were outstanding. The 1.375% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $318.1 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of Medicis constitutes a fundamental change and a make-whole adjustment event under the terms of the 1.375% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the fundamental change and make-whole adjustment event is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis by the Company, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require the Company to (i) repurchase the 1.375% Convertible Notes by January 24, 2013 at a fundamental change repurchase price of $1,002.10 per $1,000 principal amount; (ii) surrender the notes for conversion for the make-whole adjustment by January 24, 2013 at a make-whole conversion price of $1,093.32 per $1,000 principal amount; or (iii) surrender the notes for the regular conversion by January 25, 2013 at a regular conversion price of $934.68 per $1,000 principal amount. Following January 25, 2013, the 1.375% Convertible Notes are convertible, at the holder’s option, prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2017 in the following circumstances: (1) during the five consecutive trading day period immediately following any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price of the 1.375% Convertible Notes per $1,000 principal amount for each such trading day was less than 98% of the regular conversion price; and (2) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. F-76 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) Subsequent to December 31, 2012, $228.4 million principal amount of the 1.375% Convertible Notes were converted. 2.50% Convertible Notes The 2.50% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. As of December 31, 2012, $5.1 million principal amount of the 2.50% Convertible Notes were outstanding. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $226.0 million principal amount of the 2.50% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of Medicis constitutes a change of control under the terms of the 2.50% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the change of control is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis by the Company, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require the Company to (i) repurchase the 2.50% Convertible Notes by January 22, 2013 at a change of control purchase price of $1,004.42 per $1,000 principal amount; or (ii) surrender the 2.50% Convertible Notes for conversion by December 26, 2012 at a conversion price of $1,514.63 per $1,000 principal amount. In addition, the Company provided notice to the holders of the 2.50% Convertible Notes that it would redeem all remaining outstanding notes on February 11, 2013, at a redemption price, payable in cash, of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, including contingent interest, if any. Holders of the 2.50% Convertible Notes could surrender these notes for conversion on or before February 7, 2013. On February 11, 2013, all of the outstanding 2.50% Convertible Notes were converted by holders and settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $5.1 million. 1.50% Convertible Notes As of December 31, 2012, $0.1 million principal amount of the 1.50% Convertible Notes were outstanding. The 1.50% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of Medicis and are not guaranteed by Valeant or any of its or Medicis’ subsidiaries. These notes do not contain any restrictions on the payment of dividends or the incurrence of additional indebtedness and do not contain any financial covenants. From the acquisition date of December 11, 2012 through to December 31, 2012, $0.1 million principal amount of the 1.50% Convertible Notes were converted into cash. The acquisition of Medicis constitutes a change of control under the terms of the 1.50% Convertible Notes. The effective date of the change of control is December 11, 2012. As a result of the acquisition of Medicis by the Company, holders of these convertible notes had the right to require the Company to (i) repurchase the 1.50% Convertible Notes by January 22, 2013 at a change of control purchase price of $1,002.94 per $1,000 principal amount; or (ii) surrender the 1.50% Convertible Notes for conversion by December 26, 2012 at a conversion price of $1,135.19 per $1,000 principal amount. In addition, the Company provided notice to the holders of the 1.50% Convertible Notes that it would redeem all remaining outstanding notes on February 11, 2013, at a redemption price, payable in cash, of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, including contingent interest, if any. Holders of the 1.50% Convertible Notes could surrender these notes for conversion on or before February 7, 2013. On February 11, 2013, all of the outstanding 1.50% Convertible Notes were converted by holders and settled 100% in cash in the aggregate amount of $0.1 million. F-77 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) 4.0% Convertible Notes As described in note 3, in connection with the Merger, the Company assumed $225.0 million aggregate outstanding principal amount of Valeant’s 4.0% Convertible Notes. Interest on the 4.0% Convertible Notes was payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year. The 4.0% Convertible Notes were scheduled to mature on November 15, 2013. Valeant had the right to redeem the 4.0% Convertible Notes, in whole or in part, at their principal amount on or after May 20, 2011. The 4.0% Convertible Notes were convertible into common shares of the Company at a current conversion rate of 79.0667 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which represents a conversion price of approximately $12.65 per share), reflecting an adjustment to account for the pre-Merger special dividend, the exchange ratio for the Merger and the post-Merger special dividend. The fair value of $220.5 million allocated to the liability component of the 4.0% Convertible Notes, as of the Merger Date, was being accreted to the face value of the 4.0% Convertible Notes through the debt maturity date of November 15, 2013, using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate on the liability component of the 4% Convertible Notes was 4.62%. The accretion of the liability component was recognized as an additional non-cash interest expense. On April 20, 2011, the Company distributed a notice of redemption to holders of Valeant’s 4.0% Convertible Notes, pursuant to which all of the outstanding 4.0% Convertible Notes would be redeemed on May 20, 2011 (the ‘‘Redemption Date’’), at a redemption price of 100% of the outstanding aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. The 4.0% Convertible Notes called for redemption could be converted at the election of the holders at any time before the close of business on May 19, 2011. Consequently, all of the outstanding 4.0% Convertible Notes were converted into 17,782,764 common shares of the Company, at a conversion rate of 79.0667 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which represented a conversion price of approximately $12.65 per share. Immediately prior to settlement, the carrying amount of the liability component of the 4.0% Convertible Notes was $221.3 million and the estimated fair value of the liability component was $226.0 million. The difference of $4.7 million between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the liability component was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the three-month period ended June 30, 2011. The difference of $666.0 million between the estimated fair value of the liability component of $226.0 million and the aggregate fair value of the common shares issued to effect the settlement of $892.0 million resulted in charges to additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit of $226.0 million and $440.0 million, respectively. With respect to Valeant’s call option agreements in respect of the shares underlying the conversion of $200.0 million principal amount of the 4.0% Convertible Notes, these agreements consisted of purchased call options on 15,813,338 common shares, which matured on May 20, 2011, and written call options on the identical number of shares, which matured on August 18, 2011. As of the Merger Date, these call options were to be settled in common shares of the Company. In June 2011, 11,479,365 common shares were received on the net-share settlement of the purchased call options, which common shares were subsequently cancelled. In September 2011, Valeant amended the written call option agreements so that Valeant could elect to settle all or some of the written call options in cash. In the third quarter of 2011, Valeant paid $66.9 million in cash and issued 7,518,595 of its common shares on a net-share basis to settle the written call options. In October 2011, 961,461 common shares were issued on a net-share basis to complete the settlement of the written call options. F-78 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) Interest expense was recognized based on the effective rate of interest of 4.62% on the liability component of the 4.0% Convertible Notes as follows: Cash interest per contractual coupon rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-cash amortization of debt discount $3,268 589 $2,324 304 $3,857 $2,628 2011 2010 Commitment Letter In connection with the acquisition of Medicis, the Company and its subsidiary, Valeant, entered into a commitment letter, dated as of September 2, 2012, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC to provide up to $2.75 billion through a bridge loan facility. On September 11, 2012, the Company and Valeant entered into an amended and restated commitment letter with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and other financial institutions. Subsequently, the Company obtained $2.75 billion in financing through a syndication of $1.0 billion in the Incremental Term Loan B Facility under the Company’s Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the issuance of the 2020 Senior Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1.75 billion. Consequently, the commitment under the commitment letter to provide the bridge loan facility was not utilized and terminated on December 11, 2012, concurrently with the closing of the Medicis acquisition. As a result, the Company wrote off of $8.0 million of deferred financing costs. 15. PENSION AND POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS The Company operates defined contribution retirement plans in several countries, including Canada and the U.S. Under these plans, employees are allowed to contribute a portion of their salaries to the plans, and the Company matches a portion of the employee contributions. The Company contributed $2.8 million, $2.1 million and $2.9 million to these plans in the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Outside of the U.S., a limited group of Valeant employees are covered by defined benefit retirement and post-employment plans. The Company assumed all of Valeant’s defined benefit obligations and related plan assets in connection with the Merger. The Company contributed $1.8 million and $1.0 million to these plans in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, the projected benefit obligation of these plans totaled $7.0 million, which exceeded the fair value of plan assets of $1.3 million by $5.7 million. The Company has recognized the under-funded financial position of these plans in accrued liabilities ($0.4 million) and other long-term liabilities ($5.3 million) as of December 31, 2012. The net periodic benefit cost of these plans amounted to $1.5 million and $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2010, the net periodic cost of was not material to the Company’s results of operations. F-79 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 16. SECURITIES REPURCHASE PROGRAM On November 4, 2010, the Company announced that its board of directors had approved a securities repurchase program, pursuant to which the Company could make purchases of our common shares, convertible notes and/or senior notes, from time to time, up to an aggregate maximum value of $1.5 billion, subject to any restrictions in the Company’s financing agreements and applicable law. On August 29, 2011, the Company announced that its board of directors had approved an increase of $300.0 million under its securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2010 Securities Repurchase Program’’). As a result, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company was able to repurchase up to $1.8 billion of its convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other notes or shares that were issued prior to the completion of the program. The 2010 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2011. On November 3, 2011, the Company announced that its board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2011 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 8, 2011, the Company could make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of its convertible notes, senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares. The 2011 Securities Repurchase Program terminated on November 7, 2012. On November 19, 2012, the Company announced that its board of directors had approved a new securities repurchase program (the ‘‘2012 Securities Repurchase Program’’). Under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program, which commenced on November 15, 2012, the Company may make purchases of up to $1.5 billion of senior notes, common shares and/or other future debt or shares, subject to any restrictions in the Company’s financing agreements and applicable law. The 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will terminate on November 14, 2013 or at such time as the Company completes its purchases. The amount of securities to be purchased and the timing of purchases under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program may be subject to various factors, which may include the price of the securities, general market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, alternate investment opportunities and restrictions under our financing agreements and applicable law. The securities to be repurchased will be funded using our cash resources. The board of directors also approved a sub-limit under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program for the repurchase of an amount of common shares equal to the greater of 10% of the Company’s public float or 5% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares, in each case calculated as of the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. The Company is permitted to make purchases of up to 15,172,149 common shares on the open market through the facilities of the NYSE, representing approximately 5% of the Company’s issued and outstanding common shares on the date of the commencement of the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. Subject to completion of appropriate filings with and approval by the TSX, the Company may also make purchases of its common shares over the facilities of the TSX. Purchases of common shares will be made at prevailing market prices of such shares on the NYSE or the TSX, as the case may be, at the time of the acquisition and shall be made in accordance with the respective rules and guidelines of the NYSE and the TSX. All common shares purchased under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program will be cancelled. Repurchase of 5.375% Convertible Notes During the year ended December 31, 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased $1.1 million principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes for a purchase price of $4.0 million. The carrying amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes purchased was $1.0 million (net of related unamortized deferred financing costs) and the estimated fair value of the 5.375% Convertible Notes exclusive of the conversion feature was $1.1 million. The difference of $0.1 million between the net carrying amount and the estimated fair value was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt (as described in F-80 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 16. SECURITIES REPURCHASE PROGRAM (Continued) note 19). The difference of $2.9 million between the estimated fair value of $1.1 million and the purchase price of $4.0 million resulted in charges to additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit of $0.2 million and $2.7 million, respectively. The portion of the purchase price attributable to accreted interest on the debt discount amounted to $0.1 million, and is included as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The remaining portion of the payment of $3.9 million is presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows as an outflow from financing activities. During the year ended December 31, 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program and the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased $203.8 million and $1.2 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes, respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $619.4 million and $3.9 million, respectively. The carrying amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes purchased was $177.6 million (net of $5.6 million of related unamortized deferred financing costs) and the estimated fair value of the 5.375% Convertible Notes exclusive of the conversion feature was $209.2 million. The difference of $31.6 million between the net carrying amount and the estimated fair value was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt (as described in note 19). The difference of $414.1 million between the estimated fair value of $209.2 million and the purchase price of $623.3 million resulted in charges to additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit of $33.2 million and $380.9 million, respectively. The portion of the purchase price attributable to accreted interest on the debt discount amounted to $9.8 million, and is included as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The remaining portion of the payment of $613.5 million is presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows as an outflow from financing activities. During the year ended December 31, 2010, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased $126.3 million aggregate principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes at an aggregate purchase price of $259.2 million. The carrying amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes purchased was $106.9 million (net of $3.9 million of related unamortized deferred financing costs) and the estimated fair value of the 5.375% Convertible Notes exclusive of the conversion feature was $127.5 million. The difference of $20.7 million between the net carrying amount and the estimated fair value was recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt (as described in note 19). The difference of $131.7 million between the estimated fair value of $127.5 million and the purchase price of $259.2 million was charged to shareholders’ equity, as a reduction of additional paid-in capital and a charge to accumulated deficit of $20.4 million and $111.3 million, respectively. The portion of the purchase price attributable to accreted interest on the debt discount amounted to $4.9 million, and is included as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The remaining portion of the payment of $254.3 million is presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows as an outflow from financing activities. Share Repurchases In the year ended December 31, 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased 5,257,454 of its common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $280.7 million. The excess of the purchase price over the carrying value of the common shares repurchased of $178.4 million was charged to the accumulated deficit. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. In March 2011, the Company repurchased 7,366,419 of its common shares from ValueAct for an aggregate purchase price of $274.8 million. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had recorded a $21.8 million receivable from ValueAct in relation to withholding taxes on the March 2011 repurchase, and the Company received payment of this amount in January 2013 from ValueAct to resolve this matter. In May 2011, a subsidiary of the Company purchased 4,498,180 of the Company’s common shares from ValueAct for an aggregate purchase price of $224.8 million. In June 2011, F-81 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 16. SECURITIES REPURCHASE PROGRAM (Continued) the Company purchased these common shares from its subsidiary and the common shares were subsequently cancelled. G. Mason Morfit is a partner and a member of the Management Committee of ValueAct Capital. Mr. Morfit joined the Company’s board of directors on September 28, 2010, effective with the Merger, and prior thereto served as a member of Valeant’s board of directors since 2007. ValueAct Capital is the general partner and the manager of ValueAct. In addition to the ValueAct repurchases, in the year ended December 31, 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program and the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased 1,800,000 and 1,534,857 of its common shares, respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $74.5 million and $65.1 million, respectively. These common shares were subsequently cancelled. As a result, in 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program and 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased, in the aggregate, 13,664,599 and 1,534,857 of its common shares, respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $574.1 million and $65.1 million, respectively. The excess of the cost of the common shares repurchased over their assigned value of $374.4 million was charged to accumulated deficit. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company repurchased 2,305,000 of its common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $60.1 million under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program. The excess of the cost of the common shares repurchased over their assigned value of $19.7 million was charged to accumulated deficit. Redemption of Senior Notes During the year ended December 31, 2011, under the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program and 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, the Company also redeemed $10.0 million and $89.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s senior notes, respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $9.9 million and $88.7 million, respectively. Total Repurchases In connection with the 2010 Securities Repurchase Program, through the termination date of November 7, 2011, the Company repurchased approximately $1.5 billion, in the aggregate, of its convertible notes, senior notes and common shares. During 2011, the Company repurchased approximately $157.7 million, in the aggregate, of its convertible notes, senior notes and common shares under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program. During 2012, under the 2011 Securities Repurchase Program, through the termination date of November 7, 2012, the Company repurchased approximately $284.7 million, in the aggregate, of its convertible notes and common shares. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had not made any repurchases of its senior notes or common shares under the 2012 Securities Repurchase Program. 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION In May 2011, shareholders approved the Company’s 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the ‘‘2011 Plan’’) which replaced the Company’s 2007 Equity Compensation Plan for future equity awards granted by the Company. The Company transferred the shares available under the Company’s 2007 Equity Compensation Plan to the Plan under which the Company is authorized to grant up to 6,846,310 shares of its common stock and approximately 4,142,666 shares were available for future grants as of December 31, 2012. The Company uses reserved and unissued common shares its share-based compensation plan. its obligation under to satisfy F-82 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) The following table summarizes the components and classification of share-based compensation expense related to stock options and RSUs: 2012 2011 2010 Stock options(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RSUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21,739 44,497 $45,465 48,558 $56,851 41,182 Share-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $66,236 $94,023 $98,033 Cost of goods sold(1)(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development expenses(1)(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, general and administrative expenses(1)(2)(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, integration and other costs (as described in note 6) . . . . . . $ — 764 65,472 — $ 1,330 1,329 90,379 985 $ 1,258 2,487 44,806 49,482 Share-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $66,236 $94,023 $98,033 (1) On March 9, 2011, the Company’s compensation committee of the board of directors approved an equitable adjustment to all stock options outstanding as of that date for employees and directors as of such date, in connection with the post-Merger special dividend of $1.00 per common share declared on November 4, 2010 and paid on December 22, 2010. As the Company’s stock option awards do not automatically adjust for dividend payments, this adjustment was treated as a modification of the terms and conditions of the outstanding options. The incremental fair value of the modified awards was determined to be $15.4 million, of which $9.2 million related to vested options, which was expensed as of March 9, 2011 as follows: cost of goods sold ($0.2 million), selling, general and administrative expenses ($8.8 million) and research and development expenses ($0.2 million). The remaining $6.2 million is being recognized over the remaining requisite service period of the unvested options. (2) Includes the excess of the fair value of Biovail stock options and time-based RSUs over the fair value of the vested and partially vested Valeant stock options and time-based RSUs of $20.9 million (as described in note 3), which was recognized immediately as post-Merger compensation expense and allocated as follows: cost of goods sold ($0.4 million), research and development expenses ($0.4 million), and selling, general and administrative expenses ($20.1 million). (3) During the third quarter of 2012, the Company recorded an incremental charge of $4.8 million to selling, general and administrative expenses as some of the Company’s performance-based RSU grants triggered a partial payout as a result of achieving certain share price appreciation conditions. The Company recognized $12.5 million and $26.5 million of tax benefits from stock options exercised in the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The Company did not recognize any tax benefits for the share-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2010. Treatment of Biovail Stock Options and RSUs Following the Merger In accordance with the Merger agreement, each unvested stock option and time-based RSU award held by Biovail employees with employment agreements accelerated and became 100% vested upon involuntary termination following the Merger. As of the Merger Date, the Company calculated incremental compensation expense of $9.6 million to reflect an increase in the fair value of the stock options and time-based RSUs held by Biovail employees with employment agreements due to the acceleration of the vesting condition. This amount was recognized over the requisite service period of the terminated employees, which ended prior to December 31, 2010. Unvested stock option awards held by Biovail employees without employment agreements are forfeited if the employee is involuntarily terminated following the Merger. As of the Merger Date, the Company reversed $0.5 million of previously recognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options held by terminated employees without employment agreements. Unvested time-based RSU awards held by such F-83 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) Biovail employees vest on a pro-rata basis if the employee is involuntarily terminated following the Merger. Accordingly, no additional compensation expense related to the pro-rata vesting of time-based RSUs was required to be recognized by the Company post-Merger. Prior to the completion of the Merger, the board of directors of Biovail resolved that each performance- based RSU award held by Biovail executive officers and selected employees would immediately accelerate and become 100% vested on the Merger Date. The number of such performance-based RSUs to be settled would be determined based on Biovail’s performance through the Merger Date. Based on such performance, each performance-based RSU vested upon the closing of the Merger at 200% of target. As of the Merger Date, the Company recorded incremental compensation expense of $20.3 million to reflect an increase in the fair value of the performance-based RSUs due to the acceleration of the vesting condition. The common shares of the Company underlying the performance-based RSUs were delivered, net of income tax withholdings, to the applicable employees within 60 days of the Merger Date. Treatment of Valeant Continuing Stock Options and RSUs Following the Merger As of the Merger Date, the Company recorded compensation expense of $20.1 million to reflect the acceleration of the vesting term related to stock options and RSUs held by former executive officers of Valeant. Upon the closing of the Merger, each outstanding Valeant stock option and RSU that did not provide for vesting was converted into an option or RSU to acquire or receive common shares of the Company, after taking account of the pre-Merger special dividend and the exchange ratio for the Merger, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the stock option or RSU prior to the Merger. Valeant stock option grants generally vested ratably over a four-year period from the date of grant and had a term not exceeding 10 years. Valeant RSU grants vested based on the satisfaction of service conditions or on both service conditions and either the achievement of certain stock price appreciation conditions or the achievement of certain strategic initiatives. In total, 12,464,417 Biovail stock options were issued to replace Valeant stock options, and respectively 2,217,003 and 1,211,833 time-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs of Biovail were issued to replace equivalent awards of Valeant. As described in note 3, the fair values of the vested portions of the Valeant stock options and Valeant RSUs were recognized as components of the purchase price or immediately as compensation expense as of the Merger Date. The following table summarizes, as of the Merger Date, the compensation cost and weighted-average service periods related to the unvested portions of the Valeant stock options and RSUs: Number of awards issued (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total compensation cost related to unvested awards to be recognized Weighted-average service period over which compensation cost is Stock Options Time-Based RSUs Performance- Based RSUs 12,464 $66,520 2,217 $30,558 1,212 $24,998 expected to be recognized (months) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 25 34 Stock Options With the exception of Biovail stock options issued to replace Valeant stock options in connection with the Merger, all stock options granted by the Company under its 2007 Equity Compensation Plan expire on the F-84 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) fifth anniversary of the grant date. The exercise price of any stock option granted under its 2007 Equity Compensation Plan is not to be less than the volume-weighted average trading price of the Company’s common shares for the five trading days immediately preceding the date of grant (or, for participants subject to U.S. taxation, on the single trading day immediately preceding the date of grant, whichever is greater). All stock options granted by the Company under the 2011 Plan expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date. The exercise price of any stock option granted under the 2011 Plan will not be less than the closing price per common share on the national securities exchange on which the common shares are principally traded (currently, the NYSE) for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of such common shares on such exchange. Prior to the Merger, stock option grants typically vested ratably on the first, second and third anniversaries of the stock option grant. Following the Merger, stock options granted will vest 25% on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries from the date of grant. The fair values of all stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were estimated as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted- average assumptions: 2012 2011 2010 Expected stock option life (years)(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected volatility(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected dividend yield(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Determined based on historical exercise and forfeiture patterns. 4.0 4.0 4.0 44.9% 42.8% 37.1% 0.5% 1.4% 1.5% 1.5% — — (2) Effective January 1, 2012, expected volatility was determined based on implied volatility in the market traded options of the Company’s common stock. Prior to 2012, expected volatility was determined based on historical volatility of the Company’s common shares over the expected life of the stock option. (3) Determined based on the rate at the time of grant for zero-coupon U.S. or Canadian government bonds with maturity dates equal to the expected life of the stock option. (4) Determined based on the stock option’s exercise price and expected annual dividend rate at the time of grant. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model used by the Company to calculate stock option values was developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradeable, fully transferable stock options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the Company’s stock option awards. This model also requires highly subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time until exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. F-85 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) The following table summarizes stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2012: Outstanding, January 1, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expired or forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted- Average Exercise Price $15.10 55.16 12.78 16.62 Options (000s) 10,480 750 (1,802) (922) Outstanding, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,506 $18.97 Vested and exercisable, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,491 $ 9.23 6.0 5.3 $347,068 $226,960 The weighted-average fair values of all stock options granted in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $19.57, $13.65 and $5.46, respectively. The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $25.1 million, $31.7 million and $28.5 million, respectively. Proceeds received on the exercise of stock options in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $23.0 million, $41.7 million and $58.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, the total remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options amounted to $38.1 million, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of approximately 2.5 years. The total fair value of stock options vested in 2012 was $36.1 million (2011 — $35.4 million; 2010 — $39.1 million). The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2012: Range of Exercise Prices $3.46 – $5.19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5.33 – $8.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8.03 – $12.05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12.87 – $19.31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20.42 – $30.63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $39.95 – $54.76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted- Average Remaining Weighted- Average Contractual Exercise Life Price (Years) Outstanding (000s) 3,097 367 40 2,382 760 1,860 8,506 5.0 4.8 3.1 7.0 3.1 7.7 6.0 $ 4.22 6.39 9.47 13.04 25.17 51.26 $18.97 Exercisable (000s) 3,097 270 35 586 269 234 4,491 Weighted- Average Exercise Price $ 4.22 5.97 9.52 13.04 25.39 51.14 $ 9.23 RSUs With the exception of Biovail RSUs issued to replace Valeant RSUs in connection with the Merger, RSUs vest on the third anniversary date from the date of grant, unless provided otherwise in the applicable unit agreement, subject to the attainment of any applicable performance goals specified by the board of directors. If the vesting of the RSUs is conditional upon the attainment of performance goals, any RSUs that do not vest as a result of a determination that a holder of RSUs has failed to attain the prescribed F-86 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) performance goals will be forfeited immediately upon such determination. RSUs are credited with dividend equivalents, in the form of additional RSUs, when dividends are paid on the Company’s common shares. Such additional RSUs will have the same vesting dates and will vest under the same terms as the RSUs in respect of which such additional RSUs are credited. To the extent provided for in an RSU agreement, the Company may, in lieu of all or a portion of the common shares which would otherwise be provided to a holder, elect to pay a cash amount equivalent to the market price of the Company’s common shares on the vesting date for each vested RSU. The amount of cash payment will be determined based on the average market price of the Company’s common shares on the vesting date. The Company’s current intent is to settle vested RSUs through the issuance of common shares. Time-Based RSUs Each vested RSU without performance goals (‘‘time-based RSU’’) represents the right of a holder to receive one of the Company’s common shares. The fair value of each RSU granted is estimated based on the trading price of the Company’s common shares on the date of grant. The following December 31, 2012: table summarizes non-vested time-based RSU activity during the year ended Non-vested, January 1, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time-Based RSUs (000s) Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value 1,829 222 (646) (95) 1,310 $29.47 50.44 28.00 33.84 $33.43 As of December 31, 2012, the total remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested time-based RSUs amounted to $15.6 million, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of approximately 1.7 years. The total fair value of time-based RSUs vested in 2012 was $18.0 million (2011 — $16.2 million; 2010 — $11.6 million). Performance-Based RSUs Each vested RSU with performance goals (‘‘performance-based RSU’’) represents the right of a holder to receive a number of the Company’s common shares up to a specified maximum. For performance-based RSUs issued prior to the Merger, performance was measured based on shareholder return relative to an industry comparator group. For performance-based RSUs issued subsequent to the Merger, performance is determined based on the achievement of certain share price appreciation conditions. If the Company’s performance is below a specified performance level, no common shares will be paid. The fair value of each performance-based RSU granted during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which utilizes multiple input variables to F-87 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) estimate the probability that the performance condition will be achieved. The fair values of performance- based RSUs granted prior to the Merger were estimated with the following weighted-average assumptions: Contractual term (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected Company share volatility(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average comparator group share price volatility(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2010 5.0 43.2% 34.7% 2.4% (1) Determined based on historical volatility over the contractual term of the performance-based RSU. (2) Determined based on the rate at the time of grant for zero-coupon U.S. government bonds with maturity dates equal to the contractual term of the performance-based RSUs. The fair values of performance-based RSUs granted in the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and in the post-Merger period ended December 31, 2010 were estimated with the following assumptions: Contractual term (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected Company share volatility(1) . . . . . Risk-free interest rate(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 – 4.3 42.5% – 52.3% 0.6% – 1.0% 3.0 34.6% – 60.8% 1.0% – 1.9% 4.1 – 4.6 32.4% – 33.2% 1.2% – 2.3% 2012 2011 2010 (1) Determined based on historical volatility over the contractual term of the performance-based RSU. (2) Determined based on the rate at the time of grant for zero-coupon U.S. government bonds with maturity dates equal to the contractual term of the performance-based RSUs. The following table summarizes non-vested performance-based RSU activity during the year ended December 31, 2012: Non-vested, January 1, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-vested, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance- Based RSUs (000s) Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value 2,060 334 (603) (95) 1,696 $31.24 81.55 47.91 27.21 $43.40 As of December 31, 2012, the total remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested performance-based RSUs amounted to $40.3 million, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of approximately 2.3 years. A maximum of 3,602,281 common shares could be issued upon vesting of the performance-based RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2012. F-88 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) DSUs Prior to May 2011, non-management directors received non-cash compensation in the form of DSUs, which entitled non-management directors to receive a lump-sum cash payment in respect of their DSUs either following the date upon which they cease to be a director of the Company or, with respect to DSUs granted after the Merger Date as part of the annual retainer, one year after such date. The amount of compensation deferred was converted into DSUs based on the volume-weighted average trading price of the Company’s common shares for the five trading days immediately preceding the date of grant (for directors subject to U.S. taxation, the calculation may be based on the greater of the five-day or one-day volume-weighted trading price). The Company recognizes compensation expense throughout the deferral period to the extent that the trading price of its common shares increases, and reduces compensation expense throughout the deferral period to the extent that the trading price of its common shares decreases. Following the Merger, the DSUs previously granted to non-management directors who did not remain on the board of directors of the Company will be redeemed, entitling each departing director to a payment of the cash value of his DSUs. Prior to December 31, 2010, cash payments of $2.3 million were made to settle 84,888 of such DSUs, with another 218,123 of such DSUs valued at $6.2 million remaining to be settled as of December 31, 2010. Effective May 16, 2011 (the ‘‘Modification Date’’), the board of directors of the Company modified the existing DSUs held by current directors from units settled in cash to units settled in common shares, which changed these DSUs from a liability award to an equity award. Accordingly, as of the Modification Date, the Company reclassified the $9.3 million aggregate fair value of the 182,053 DSUs held by current directors from accrued liabilities to additional paid-in capital. In the period from January 1, 2011 to the Modification Date, the Company recorded $3.6 million of compensation expense related to the change in the fair value of the DSUs held by current directors. As the modified DSUs were fully vested, no additional compensation expense will be recognized after the Modification Date. The DSUs held by former directors of Biovail were not affected by the modification and will continue to be cash settled. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recognized $0.8 million of compensation expense in restructuring and integration costs related to the change in the fair value of DSUs still held by former directors of Biovail. As of December 31, 2012, there were 17,219 DSUs still held by former directors of Biovail. The Company recorded compensation expense related to DSUs of $8.5 million in 2010. The remaining 17,219 DSUs were redeemed for cash in February 2013. The following table summarizes DSU activity during the year ended December 31, 2012: 148 Outstanding, January 1, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Settled for cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Outstanding, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 $16.78 — — $16.78 Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value DSUs (000s) F-89 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 17. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) Effective May 16, 2011, in lieu of grants of DSUs, unless the Company determines otherwise, non-management directors will receive their annual equity compensation retainer in the form of stock units, which will vest immediately upon grant and will be settled in common shares of the Company on the first anniversary of the date upon which the director ceases to be a director of the Company. In addition, a non-management director may elect to receive some or all of his or her cash retainers in additional units, which will be vested upon grant and will be settled in common shares of the Company when the director ceases to be a director of the Company (unless a different payment is elected in accordance with the procedures established by the Company). Effective May 30, 2012, the Company changed the vesting and settlement features of stock units granted to non-management directors, such that, for all new stock units granted to non-management directors after such date, such stock units will vest on the one year anniversary of the date of grant and will be settled in common shares of the Company upon vesting. In addition, for stock units awarded to non-management directors prior to May 30, 2012 in connection with such directors’ annual equity compensation, the settlement date was changed and such stock units will now be settled in common shares of the Company on May 30, 2013. F-90 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 18. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME The components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: Unrealized Holding Net Unrealized Holding Gain (Loss) Gain (Loss) on Available- For-Sale Equity Securities on Auction Rate Securities Net Unrealized Holding Gain (Loss) on Available- For-Sale Debt Securities Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interest Pension Adjustment Total $ 44,286 54,640 $(943) — $ — — $ 231 — $ — — $ — — $ 43,574 54,640 — — — 98,926 (381,633) — — — — — (282,707) 161,011 — — — — — 554 — 389 — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 — — — — — 22,780 (21,146) — — — 1,634 — — 379 (1,634) — — $(121,696) $ 1 $ 379 — (321) — (90) — — — (114) — — (204) — — — 197 7 — $ — — — — — — — — — 2,206 — 2,206 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (545) (545) — — — — — 259 554 (321) 389 98,836 (381,633) 22,780 (21,146) (114) 2,206 (545) (279,616) 161,011 1 379 (1,437) 7 259 $2,206 $(286) $(119,396) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, January 1, 2010 . Foreign currency translation adjustment . Unrealized holding gain on auction rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . securities . . Net unrealized holding loss on available-for-sale securities . . Reclassification to net loss(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2010 . Foreign currency translation adjustment . Net unrealized holding gain on available-for-sale equity securities . . Reclassification to net income(1) Net unrealized holding gain on . . available-for-sale debt securities . Acquisition of noncontrolling interest Pension adjustment(2) . . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation adjustment . Unrealized holding gain on auction rate . . . . . Net unrealized holding gain on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . available-for-sale equity securities . . Reclassification to net loss(1) . . Net unrealized holding gain on . . . available-for-sale debt securities . . Pension adjustment(2) . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Included in gain (loss) on investments, net (as described in note 20). (2) Reflects changes in defined benefit obligations and related plan assets of legacy Valeant defined benefit pension plans. Income taxes are not provided for foreign currency translation adjustments arising on the translation of the Company’s operations having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, except to the extent of translation adjustments related to the Company’s retained earnings for foreign jurisdictions in which the Company is not considered to be permanently reinvested. Income taxes allocated to other components of other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments, were not material. F-91 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 19. LOSS ON EXTINGUISHMENT OF DEBT The components of loss on extinguishment of debt for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: 2012 2011 2010 Extinguishment of liability component of 5.375% Convertible Notes (as described in note 14 and note 16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,455 $31,629 $20,652 Extinguishment of liability component of 4.0% Convertible Notes (as described in note 14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash settlement of written call options (as described in note 3) . . . . . . . . Repayment of previous term loan B facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redemption of senior notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repayment of the senior secured term loan facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — 17,625 — — — 10,064 1,697 4,708 — — (148) — — 655 $20,080 $36,844 $32,413 20. GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS, NET The components of gain (loss) on investments, net for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: Loss on auction rate securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on auction rate securities settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on disposal of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — — 2,056 $ — — 22,776 $(5,552) — — $2,056 $22,776 $(5,552) 2012 2011 2010 In March 2011, in connection with an offer to acquire Cephalon, Inc. (‘‘Cephalon’’), the Company had invested $60.0 million to acquire 1,034,908 shares of common stock of Cephalon, which represented 1.366% of the issued and outstanding common stock of Cephalon as of March 14, 2011. On May 2, 2011, Cephalon announced that it had agreed to be acquired by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Inc. and, consequently, the Company disposed of its entire equity investment in Cephalon for net proceeds of $81.3 million, which resulted in a net realized gain of $21.3 million recognized in earnings in the second quarter of 2011. F-92 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 21. INCOME TAXES The components of loss before recovery of income taxes were as follows: Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(205,612) $(41,374) $(127,269) (108,994) 23,374 (188,616) $(394,228) $(18,000) $(236,263) 2012 2011 2010 The components of recovery of income taxes were as follows: Current: Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2012 2011 2010 7,189 56,337 63,526 $ 3,554 36,337 39,891 $ 5,860 21,473 27,333 Deferred: Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (11,886) (329,843) (21,763) (195,687) (49,820) (5,583) (341,729) (217,450) (55,403) $(278,203) $(177,559) $(28,070) The reported net book recovery of income taxes differs from the expected amount calculated by applying the Company’s Canadian statutory rate to income before recovery of income taxes. F-93 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 21. INCOME TAXES (Continued) The tax effect of major items recorded as deferred tax assets and liabilities is as follows: 2012 2011 2010 $(394,228) $ (18,000) $(236,263) 30.6% 28.3% 26.9% (106,047) (5,085) (72,296) 6,173 6,258 24,210 3,228 (3,056) (4,459) 9,098 — (34,245) 15,433 (218,547) — 32,019 7,954 (4,528) 10,675 (18,588) (3,781) 22,251 14,045 — — (15,384) (18,313) 40,667 — (57,249) (8,568) (180,301) — 22,187 5,473 2,513 — — 205 18,304 8,024 7,124 5,661 (1,679) 880 3,358 45,483 (46,898) — (36,649) 9,783 22,768 3,177 — — — 4,890 $(278,203) $(177,559) $ (28,070) Loss before recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected Canadian statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-deductible amounts: Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merger and acquisition costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In-process research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-taxable gain on disposal of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes in enacted income tax rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canadian dollar foreign exchange gain for Canadian tax purposes . . Change in valuation allowance related to U.S. operating losses . . . . Change in valuation allowance on Canadian deferred tax assets and tax rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign tax rate differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss of U.S. state net operating losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrecognized income tax benefit of losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Withholding taxes on foreign income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternative minimum and other taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taxable foreign income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred intercompany profit Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-94 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 21. INCOME TAXES (Continued) 2012 2011 Deferred tax assets: Tax loss carryforwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax credit carryforwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific Research and Experimental Development pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plant, equipment and technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred financing and share issue costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 293,547 77,426 65,718 67,683 211,486 7,478 60,850 118,369 19,828 23,453 $ 285,003 37,141 63,893 62,766 121,288 11,440 22,414 50,097 17,808 15,599 Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945,838 (124,515) 687,449 (128,742) Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821,323 558,707 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.375% Convertible Notes(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,801,515 — 1,094 — 1,545,807 2,268 441 — Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,802,609 1,548,516 Net deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (981,286) $ (989,809) (1) In connection with the issuance of the 5.375% Convertible Notes in June 2009 (as described in note 14), the Company recognized a deferred tax liability of $14.6 million for the original basis difference between the principal amount of the 5.375% Convertible Notes and the value allocated to the liability component, which resulted in a corresponding reduction to the valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. The recognition of the deferred tax liability and the corresponding reduction in the valuation allowance were recorded as offsetting adjustments to additional paid-in capital. In the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the deferred tax benefit recognized in earnings as the debt discount was amortized or extinguished was offset by the deferred tax expense related to the corresponding realization of the deferred tax assets. In 2012 and 2011, the repurchase of $18.7 million and $205.0 million principal amount of the U.S. dollar- denominated 5.375% Convertible Notes, respectively, resulted in a foreign exchange gain for Canadian income tax purposes of approximately $1.1 million and $24.0 million, respectively. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company generating sufficient domestic and foreign taxable income in the years that the temporary differences become deductible. A valuation allowance has been provided for the portion of the deferred tax assets that the Company determined is more likely than not to remain unrealized based on estimated future taxable income and tax planning strategies. In 2012, the valuation allowance decreased by $4.2 million. The net decrease in valuation allowance resulted from an increase in deferred tax liabilities arising from acquisitions and unrealized foreign exchange gains on intercompany loans, offset by an increase in the valuation allowance for Canadian tax loss carryforwards for the year ended December 31, 2012. The net decrease of $57.7 million in valuation allowance for 2011 resulted from the Company’s decision to write off U.S. federal and state net operating losses which were limited as a result of the Merger ($64.1 million decrease in the valuation allowance), offset by an increase in the valuation allowance for Canadian tax loss carryforwards of F-95 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 21. INCOME TAXES (Continued) $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. Given the Company’s history of pre-tax losses and expected future losses in Canada, the Company determined there was insufficient objective evidence to release the remaining valuation allowance against Canadian tax loss carryforwards, ITCs and pooled SR&ED expenditures. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had accumulated losses of approximately $397.5 million (2011 — $318.1 million) available for federal and provincial tax purposes in Canada. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had approximately $44.9 million (2011 — $43.6 million) of unclaimed Canadian ITCs, which expire from 2020 to 2030. These losses and ITCs can be used to offset future years’ taxable income and federal tax, respectively. In addition, as of December 31, 2012, the Company had pooled SR&ED expenditures amounting to approximately $255.6 million (2011 — $248.3 million) available to offset against future years’ taxable income from its Canadian operations, which may be carried forward indefinitely. The valuation allowance against the Canadian deferred tax assets is $122.0 million (2011 — $124.6 million). As of December 31, 2012, the Company has accumulated tax losses of approximately $430.6 million (2011 — $512.1 million) for federal purposes in the U.S., including pre-acquisition losses arising from the Merger of $332.2 million, which expire from 2021 to 2028 of which $185.9 million of the NOLs are subject to annual loss limitation restrictions. As of December 31, 2012 the Company had approximately $22.8 million (2011 — $19.2 million) of U.S. research and development credits, which expire from 2021 to 2031. In 2011 management determined the losses subject to limitation restrictions should be written off and the corresponding valuation allowance reversed as of December 31, 2011. The Company’s accumulated losses are subject to annual limitations as a result of previous ownership changes that have occurred. Included in the $430.6 million of tax losses is approximately $13.5 million of losses related to the exercise of non-qualified stock options and restricted stock awards. The Company accrues for U.S. tax on the unremitted earnings of its foreign subsidiaries that are owned by the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries. Prior to the Merger, the Company asserted that the unremitted earnings of its Barbados subsidiaries would be permanently reinvested. The Company discontinued making this assertion as of December 31, 2010, but such change did not affect the Company’s deferred tax liabilities since the Barbados earnings can be repatriated to Canada without incurring additional tax. The Company continues to assert that the unremitted earnings of its U.S. subsidiaries will be permanently reinvested and not repatriated to Canada. As of December 31, 2012 the Company estimates there would be no Canadian tax liability attributable to the permanently reinvested U.S. earnings. As of December 31, 2012, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits (including interest and penalties) was $128.0 million (2011 — $102.3 million), of which $88.8 million (2011 — $67.3 million) would affect the effective tax rate. In the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recognized a $27.8 million (2011 — $2.7 million) increase and a $3.4 million (2011 — $11.3 million) net decrease in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in the current and prior years, respectively, which have resulted in a corresponding decrease to current tax expense. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties in the provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2012, approximately $24.3 million (2011 — $23.0 million) was accrued for the payment of interest and penalties. In the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recognized approximately $1.3 million (2011 — $2.5 million) in interest and penalties. The Company and one or more of its subsidiaries file federal income tax returns in Canada, the U.S., Barbados, and other foreign jurisdictions, as well as various provinces and states in Canada and the U.S. The Company and its subsidiaries have open tax years primarily from 2000 to 2012 with significant taxing jurisdictions including Barbados, Canada, and the U.S. These open years contain certain matters that could be subject to differing interpretations of applicable tax laws and regulations, and tax treaties, as they F-96 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 21. INCOME TAXES (Continued) relate to the amount, timing, or inclusion of revenues and expenses, or the sustainability of income tax positions of the Company and its subsidiaries. Certain of these tax years are expected to remain open indefinitely. In 2012, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International and its subsidiaries closed the IRS audits through the 2009 tax year. Additionally, Valeant closed the examination by the Australian Tax Office for the 2010 tax year. Valeant remains under exam for various state tax audits in the U.S. for years 2002 to 2010. The Company is currently under examination by the Canada Revenue Agency for years 2005 to 2006 and remains open to examination for years 2004 and later. In February 2013, the Company has received a proposed audit adjustment for the years 2005 through 2007. The Company disagrees with the adjustments and is evaluating its options and its response to Canada Revenue Agency. The total proposed adjustment will result in a loss of tax attributes which are subject to a full valuation allowance and will not result in material change to the provision for income taxes. The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits: 2012 2011 2010 Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition of Medicis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition of Valeant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions based on tax positions related to the current year . . . . . . . . Additions for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reductions for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lapse of statute of limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $102,290 6,556 — 3,492 19,036 (1,396) (2,000) $110,857 — — 2,701 — (11,268) — $ 66,200 — 18,916 10,133 15,608 — — Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $127,978 $102,290 $110,857 The Company estimates approximately $14.4 million of the above unrecognized tax benefits will be realized during the next 12 months. Certain unrecognized tax benefits have been recorded as a reduction of deferred tax assets. The Company effected an internal reorganization in July 2012 to streamline certain aspects of its operations. As part of this internal reorganization, the Company migrated certain of its intellectual property from Barbados to Bermuda and moved certain of its operational and managerial functions from Barbados to certain European jurisdictions (including Ireland). This is consistent with the evolution of the Company’s business and the Company expects that this internal reorganization will enable the Company to better leverage its existing and future resources on a worldwide basis and support the Company’s international expansion. F-97 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 22. (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE (Loss) earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were calculated as follows: 2012 2011 2010 Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(116,025) $159,559 $(208,193) Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of stock options and RSUs (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of convertible debt (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,446 — — 304,655 8,484 12,980 195,808 — — Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,446 326,119 195,808 Basic (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted (loss) earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ (0.38) $ (0.38) $ 0.52 0.49 $ $ (1.06) (1.06) In 2012 and 2010, all stock options, RSUs and Convertible Notes were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share, as the effect of including them would have been anti-dilutive, as it would have reduced the loss per share. The potential dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs and Convertible Notes on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding was as follows: Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of stock options and RSUs (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of Convertible Notes (000s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,446 7,158 520 195,808 2,774 6,947 Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (000s) . . . . . . . . . 313,124 205,529 2012 2010 In 2012, 2011 and 2010, stock options to purchase approximately 1,093,000, 271,000 and 1,465,000 weighted- average common shares, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise prices of the options were greater than the average market price of the Company’s common shares and, therefore, the effect would have been anti-dilutive. 23. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURES Interest and income taxes paid during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: Interest paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $421,019 41,425 $247,879 45,399 $37,719 26,300 2012 2011 2010 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS From time to time, the Company becomes involved in various legal and administrative proceedings, which include product liability, intellectual property, antitrust, governmental and regulatory investigations, and related private litigation. There are also ordinary course employment-related issues and other types of claims in which the Company routinely becomes involved, but which individually and collectively are not material. F-98 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) Unless otherwise indicated, the Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of these legal proceedings, nor can it estimate the amount of loss, or range of loss, if any, that may result from these proceedings. An adverse outcome in certain of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and could cause the market value of its common shares to decline. From time to time, the Company also initiates actions or files counterclaims. The Company could be subject to counterclaims or other suits in response to actions it may initiate. The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of these proceedings, some of which may involve significant legal fees. The Company believes that the prosecution of these actions and counterclaims is important to preserve and protect the Company, its reputation and its assets. Governmental and Regulatory Inquiries On May 16, 2008, Biovail Pharmaceuticals, Inc., the Company’s former subsidiary, entered into a written plea agreement with the U.S. Attorney’s Office (‘‘USAO’’) for the District of Massachusetts whereby it agreed to plead guilty to violating the U.S. Anti-Kickback Statute and pay a fine of $22.2 million. In addition, on May 16, 2008, the Company entered into a non-prosecution agreement with the USAO whereby the USAO agreed to decline prosecution of Biovail in exchange for continuing cooperation and a civil settlement agreement and pay a civil penalty of $2.4 million. A hearing before the U.S. District Court in Boston took place on September 14, 2009 and the plea was approved. In addition, as part of the overall settlement, Biovail entered into a Corporate Integrity Agreement (‘‘CIA’’) with the Office of the Inspector General and the Department of Health and Human Services on September 11, 2009. The CIA requires Biovail to have a compliance program in place and to undertake a set of defined corporate integrity obligations for a five-year term. The CIA also includes requirements for an annual independent review of these obligations. Failure to comply with the obligations under the CIA could result in financial penalties. Securities Prior to the Company’s acquisition of Medicis, several purported holders of then public shares of Medicis filed putative class action lawsuits in the Delaware Court of Chancery and the Arizona Superior Court against Medicis and the members of its board of directors, as well as one or both of Valeant and Merlin Merger Sub, Inc. (the wholly-owned subsidiary of Valeant formed in connection with the Medicis acquisition). The Delaware actions were consolidated for all purposes under the caption In re Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation Stockholders Litigation, C.A. No. 7857-CS (Del. Ch.). The Arizona action bears the caption Swint v. Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, et. al., Case No. CV2012-055635 (Ariz. Sup. Ct.). The actions all alleged, among other things, that the Medicis directors breached their fiduciary duties because they supposedly failed to properly value Medicis and caused materially misleading and incomplete information to be disseminated to Medicis’ public shareholders, and that Valeant and/or Merlin Merger Sub, Inc. aided and abetted those alleged breaches of fiduciary duty. The actions also sought, among other things, injunctive and other equitable relief, and money damages. On November 20, 2012, Medicis and the other named defendants in the Delaware action signed a memorandum of understanding (‘‘MOU’’) to settle the Delaware action and resolve all claims asserted by the purported class. In connection with the proposed settlement, the plaintiffs intend to seek an award of attorneys’ fees and expenses in an amount to be determined by the Delaware Court of Chancery. The settlement is subject to court approval and further definitive documentation. The plaintiff in the Arizona action agreed to dismiss her complaint. F-99 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) On January 15, 2013, the Arizona Superior Court issued an order granting the parties’ joint stipulation to dismiss the Arizona action. Antitrust On April 4, 2008, a direct purchaser plaintiff filed a class action antitrust complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts against Biovail, GlaxoSmithKline plc, and SmithKline Beecham Inc. (the latter two of which are referred to here as ‘‘GSK’’) seeking damages and alleging that Biovail and GSK took actions to improperly delay FDA approval for generic forms of Wellbutrin XL(cid:4). In late May and early June 2008, additional direct and indirect purchaser class actions were also filed against Biovail and GSK in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, all making similar allegations. After motion practice, the complaints were consolidated, resulting in a lead direct purchaser and a lead indirect purchaser action, and the Court ultimately denied defendants’ motion to dismiss the consolidated complaints. The Court granted direct purchasers’ motion for class certification, and certified a class consisting of all persons or entities in the United States and its territories who purchased Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) directly from any of the defendants at any time during the period of November 14, 2005 through August 31, 2009. Excluded from the class are defendants and their officers, directors, management, employees, parents, subsidiaries, and affiliates, and federal government entities. Further excluded from the class are persons or entities who have not purchased generic versions of Wellbutrin XL(cid:4) during the class period after the introduction of generic versions of Wellbutrin XL (cid:4). The Court granted in part and denied in part the indirect purchaser plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. After extensive discovery, briefing and oral argument, the Court granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment on all but one of the plaintiffs’ claims, and deferred ruling on the remaining claim. Following the summary judgment decision, the Company entered into binding settlement arrangements with both plaintiffs’ classes to resolve all existing claims against the Company. The total settlement amount payable is $49.25 million. In addition, the Company will pay up to $500,000 toward settlement notice costs. These charges were recognized in the second quarter of 2012, within Legal settlements in the consolidated statements of (loss) income. The settlements require Court approval. The direct purchaser class filed its motion for preliminary approval of its settlement on July 23, 2012. The hearing on final approval of that settlement took place on November 7, 2012, with the court granting final approval to the settlement. The indirect purchaser class is expected to file its motion for preliminary approval in the first quarter of 2013, with a hearing on final approval of that settlement likely to be held in the third quarter of 2013. Intellectual Property Apotex GLUMETZA(cid:4) Litigation On January 18, 2010, a Canadian Federal Court judge presiding over Biovail and Depomed, Inc. (‘‘Depomed’’) v. Apotex Inc. (‘‘Apotex’’) et al. issued a decision in a proceeding pursuant to the Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) (‘‘PMNOC’’) Regulations in Canada to determine whether Apotex’s allegations that a Depomed patent was invalid and/or not infringed was justified. This proceeding related to a Canadian application filed by Apotex to market a generic version of the 500 mg formulation of Glumetza(cid:4) (extended release metformin hydrochloride tablets) licensed in Canada by Depomed to Biovail Laboratories International SRL, now Valeant International Bermuda (‘‘VIB’’). Pursuant to the decision issued by the Court, Health Canada can authorize Apotex to market in Canada its generic version of the 500 mg formulation of Glumetza(cid:4). The decision, which was amended on January 20, 2010, found under Canadian law that Apotex’s allegation was justified that the Depomed Canadian patent at issue in the matter (No. 2,290,624) (the ‘‘624 Patent’’) is obvious. The judge found that the evidence presented by the F-100 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) parties was ‘‘evenly balanced’’ as to obviousness. The judge found in favor of Biovail and Depomed as to all other issues related to the ‘624 Patent under Canadian law. Apotex was authorized by Health Canada on February 4, 2010 to market its generic version of 500 mg Glumetza(cid:4) in Canada. This decision, however, did not find the patent invalid and did not preclude the filing of a subsequent patent infringement suit against Apotex. Biovail Corporation and Depomed commenced action for patent infringement against Apotex in Canadian Federal Court on February 8, 2010. Pleadings were closed in this matter. On December 7, 2012, a Notice of Discontinuance was filed with the Court, thereby discontinuing the patent infringement action against Apotex. Pharmascience WELLBUTRIN(cid:4) XL Litigation On or about November 8, 2012, VIB and Valeant Canada received a Notice of Allegation from Pharmascience Inc. (‘‘Pharmascience’’) with respect to bupropion hydrochloride 150 mg and 300 mg tablets, marketed in Canada by Valeant Canada as WELLBUTRIN(cid:4) XL. The patents in issue are Canadian Patent Nos. 2,142,320 and 2,168,364. Pharmascience alleged that its generic form of WELLBUTRIN(cid:4) XL does not infringe the patents. Following an evaluation of the allegations in the Notice of Allegation, an application for an order prohibiting the Minister from issuing a Notice of Compliance to Cobalt was issued in the Federal Court on December 27, 2012. In January 2013, Pharmascience withdrew its Notice of Allegation. As a result, this proceeding will be discontinued. Watson APLENZIN(cid:4) Litigation On or about January 5, 2010, VIB received a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification dated January 4, 2010 from Watson Laboratories, Inc. — Florida (‘‘Watson’’), related to Watson’s ANDA filing for bupropion hydrobromide extended-release tablets, 174 mg and 348 mg, which correspond to the Company’s Aplenzin(cid:4) Extended-release Tablets 174 mg and 348 mg products. Watson asserted that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,241,805, 7,569,610, 7,572,935 and 7,585,897 which are listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Aplenzin(cid:4) are invalid or not infringed. VIB subsequently received from Watson a second Notice of Paragraph IV Certification for U.S. Patent Nos. 7,645,802 and 7,649,019, which were listed in the FDA’s Orange Book after Watson’s initial certification. Watson alleged these patents are invalid or not infringed. VIB filed suit pursuant to the Hatch- Waxman Act against Watson on February 18, 2010, in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware and on February 19, 2010, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida, thereby triggering a 30-month stay of the approval of Watson’s ANDA. The Delaware action dismissed without prejudice and the litigation proceeded in the Florida Court. VIB received a third Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Watson dated March 5, 2010, seeking to market its products prior to the expiration of U.S. Patent Nos. 7,662,407 and 7,671,094. VIB received a fourth Notice of Paragraph IV Certification from Watson on April 9, 2010. VIB filed a second Complaint against Watson in Florida Court on the third and fourth Notices on April 16, 2010. The two actions were consolidated into the first-filed case before the same judge. In the course of discovery, the issues were narrowed and only five of the patents remained in the litigation. Mandatory mediation was completed unsuccessfully on December 17, 2010. The trial in this matter was held in June 2011 and closing arguments were heard in September 2011. A judgment in this matter was issued on November 8, 2011. The Court found that Watson had failed to prove that VIB’s patents at suit were invalid and granted judgment in favor of VIB. On February 23, 2012, the Court granted VIB’s request for declaratory injunctive relief under 35 U.S.C. 271(e)(4)(A). On July 9, 2012, the Court denied VIB’s request for further injunctive relief under 35 U.S.C. 271(e)(4)(B) and/or 35 U.S.C. 283. Watson is appealing the judgment and VIB is cross-appealing the denial of further injunctive relief under 35 U.S.C. 271(e)(4)(B) and/or 35 U.S.C. 283. The appeal is proceeding in the ordinary course. F-101 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) Spear CARAC(cid:4) Litigation On or after December 12, 2011, a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification, dated December 7, 2011, was received from Spear Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Spear’’), related to Spear’s ANDA filing for fluorouracil topical cream, 0.5%, which corresponds to the Company’s Carac(cid:4) product. Spear has asserted that U.S. Patent No. 6,670,335 (the ‘‘335 Patent’’), which is listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Carac(cid:4), is not infringed by the filing of Spear’s ANDA or the manufacture, use, offer for sale, sale or importation of Spear’s product in the U.S. VIB (as exclusive licensee of the ‘335 Patent) and AP Pharma, Inc. (as owner of the ‘335 Patent) filed suit pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act against Spear on January 25, 2012, in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida, thereby triggering a stay of the approval of Spear’s ANDA of up to 30 months during the pendency of the litigation. After reaching a settlement agreement resolving all issues in the litigation, the parties filed a stipulation for dismissal of the lawsuit on October 5, 2012. An order of dismissal was entered on October 30, 2012. Cobalt TIAZAC(cid:4) XC Litigation On or about August 17, 2012, VIB and Valeant Canada LP/Valeant Canada S.E.C. (‘‘Valeant Canada’’) received a Notice of Allegation from Cobalt Pharmaceuticals Company (‘‘Cobalt’’) with respect to diltiazem hydrochloride 180 mg, 240 mg, 300 mg and 360 mg tablets, marketed in Canada by Valeant Canada as TIAZAC(cid:4) XC. The patents in issue are Canadian Patent Nos. 2,242,224, and 2,307,547. Cobalt alleged that its generic form of TIAZAC(cid:4) XC does not infringe the patents and, alternatively, that the patents are invalid. Following an evaluation of the allegations in the Notice of Allegation, an application for an order prohibiting the Minister from issuing a Notice of Compliance to Cobalt was issued in the Federal Court on September 28, 2012. A motion to declare Cobalt’s Notice of Allegation to be null and void due to a conflict of interest on the part of Cobalt’s legal counsel was heard by a judge of the Federal Court on December 17, 2012. The parties are awaiting the Court’s decision, which could require Cobalt to re-commence with a new Notice of Allegation. Otherwise, the application is proceeding in the ordinary course. General Civil Actions Complaints have been filed by the City of New York, the State of Alabama, the State of Mississippi, the State of Louisiana and a number of counties within the State of New York, claiming that Biovail, and numerous other pharmaceutical companies, made fraudulent misstatements concerning the ‘‘average wholesale price’’ (‘‘AWP’’) of their prescription drugs, resulting in alleged overpayments by the plaintiffs for pharmaceutical products sold by the companies. The City of New York and plaintiffs for all the counties in New York (other than Erie, Oswego and Schenectady) voluntarily dismissed Biovail and certain others of the named defendants on a without prejudice basis. Similarly, the State of Mississippi voluntarily dismissed its claim against Biovail and a number of defendants on a without prejudice basis. In the case brought by the State of Alabama, the Company answered the State’s Amended Complaint. On October 16, 2009, the Supreme Court of Alabama issued an opinion reversing judgments in favor of the State in the first three cases that were tried against co-defendant companies. The Alabama Supreme Court also rendered judgment in favor of those defendants, finding that the State’s fraud-based theories failed as a matter of law. The court ordered all parties to this proceeding to attend mediation in December 2011. The matter has settled for an all-inclusive payment in the amount of less than $0.1 million. A Third Amending Petition for Damages and Jury Demand was filed on November 10, 2010 in Louisiana State Court by the State of Louisiana claiming that a former subsidiary of the Company, and numerous other pharmaceutical companies, knowingly inflated the AWP and ‘‘wholesale acquisition cost’’ of their F-102 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) prescription drugs, resulting in alleged overpayments by the State for pharmaceutical products sold by the companies. The State has subsequently filed additional amendments to its Petition, none of which materially affect the claims against the Company. The matter is in preliminary stages and the Company intends to defend against this action. On December 15, 2009, Biovail was served with a Seventh Amended Complaint under the False Claims Act in an action captioned United States of America, ex rel. Constance A. Conrad v. Actavis Mid-Atlantic, LLC, et al., United States District Court, District of Massachusetts. This case was originally filed in 2002 and maintained under seal until shortly before Biovail was served. Twenty other companies are named as defendants. In the Seventh Amended Complaint, Conrad alleges that various formulations of Rondec, a product formerly owned by Biovail, were not properly approved by the FDA and therefore not a ‘‘Covered Outpatient Drug’’ within the meaning of the Medicaid Rebate Statute. As such, Conrad alleges that Rondec was not eligible for reimbursement by federal healthcare programs, including Medicaid. Conrad seeks treble damages and civil penalties under the False Claims Act. Motions to dismiss have been brought by the defendants. Briefing on these motions concluded on March 30, 2012 and the hearing took place on November 8, 2012. In February 2013, the Court allowed the defendants’ motions and dismissed the complaint. Afexa Class Action On March 9, 2012, a Notice of Civil Claim was filed in the Supreme Court of British Columbia which seeks an order certifying a proposed class proceeding against the Company and a predecessor, Afexa. The proposed claim asserts that Afexa and the Company made false representations respecting Cold-FX(cid:4) to residents of British Columbia who purchased the product during the applicable period and that the class has suffered damages as a result. The Company filed its certification materials on February 6, 2013 and a hearing on certification is scheduled for September 3, 2013. The Company denies the allegations being made and is defending this matter. Anacor Breach of Contract Proceeding On or about October 29, 2012, the Company received notice from Anacor Pharmaceuticals (‘‘Anacor’’) seeking to commence arbitration of a breach of contract dispute under a master services agreement dated March 26, 2004 between Anacor and Dow Pharmaceuticals (‘‘Dow’’) related to certain development services provided by Dow in connection with Anacor’s efforts to develop its onychomycosis nail-penetrating anti-fungal product (IDP-108). Anacor has asserted claims for breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty, intentional interference with prospective business advantage and unfair competition. Anacor is seeking injunctive relief and damages of at least $215.0 million. The hearing for the preliminary injunction has been set for May 6, 7 and 8, 2013. The Company intends to vigorously contest these claims. Legacy Valeant Litigation Valeant is the subject of a Formal Order of Investigation with respect to events and circumstances surrounding trading in its common stock, the public release of data from its first pivotal Phase III trial for taribavirin in March 2006, statements made in connection with the public release of data and matters regarding its stock option grants since January 1, 2000 and its restatement of certain historical financial statements announced in March 2008. In September 2006, Valeant’s board of directors established a Special Committee to review its historical stock option practices and related accounting, and informed the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’) of these efforts. Valeant has cooperated fully and will continue to cooperate with the SEC in its investigation. The Company cannot predict the outcome of the investigation. F-103 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) Citizen’s Petition In July 2012, the Company filed a Citizen’s Petition with the FDA regarding its recent draft guidance on acyclovir ointment, in which the FDA commented on the supporting evidence required for approval of an ANDA for acyclovir ointment. In the Citizen’s Petition, the Company requested that the FDA refrain from approving an ANDA referencing Zovirax(cid:4) ointment that does not include data from an in vivo clinical endpoint study showing bioequivalence. In December 2012, the FDA notified the Company that it had denied all of the Company’s requests in the Citizen’s Petition and that the FDA was confirming its position. Legacy Medicis Litigation At the time of the acquisition of Medicis, Medicis and/or its subsidiaries were a party to certain ongoing litigation and other proceedings. Q-Med AB Complaint Related to the Merger On November 7, 2012, Q-Med AB (‘‘Q-Med’’) filed a complaint (the ‘‘Complaint’’) against Medicis, HA North American Sales AB, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Medicis (‘‘HANA’’) and Medicis Aesthetics Holdings Inc., in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Medicis and HANA hold exclusive U.S. and Canadian rights to market certain dermal filler products, including RESTYLANE(cid:4), RESTYLANE-L(cid:4), PERLANE(cid:4), PERLANE-L(cid:4) and RESTYLANE FINE LINES(cid:5), through certain license and supply agreements with Q-Med (the ‘‘Agreements’’). The Complaint alleges that Q-Med has the right under the Agreements to withhold consent to a change of control of Medicis that would result in a transfer to the Company of the exclusive rights to market and sell the dermal filler products under the Agreements, and that Medicis had breached or anticipatorily breached the Agreements. The Complaint sought, among other things, (1) a declaration that Q-Med has the right to withhold consent in accordance with the terms of the Agreements; (2) a finding that Medicis had materially breached its obligations under the Agreements, entitling Q-Med to contractual remedies, including termination or rescission of the Agreements; and (3) a preliminary injunction prohibiting Medicis from transferring its rights under the Agreements to the Company during the pendency of the arbitration proceedings that Q-Med will bring. On December 5, 2012, Q-Med and the Company reached an agreement in principle to resolve the lawsuit, subject to entering into definitive agreements. As a result of the agreement in principle, on December 5, 2012, Q-Med requested an adjournment of the hearing scheduled for that day on its application for injunctive relief. The Court approved the adjournment and entered an order dismissing the lawsuit with prejudice. Q-Med and the Company subsequently entered into the definitive agreements with respect to this matter. Anacor Arbitration and Litigation On November 28, 2012, Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (‘‘Anacor’’) filed a claim for arbitration, alleging that Medicis had breached the research and development agreement between the parties relating to the discovery and development of boron-based small molecule compounds directed against a target for the potential treatment of acne (the ‘‘Agreement’’). Under the terms of the Agreement, Anacor is responsible for discovering and conducting the early development of product candidates which utilize Anacor’s proprietary boron chemistry platform, and Medicis will have an option to obtain an exclusive license for products covered by the Agreement. Anacor alleges in its claim that it is entitled to a milestone payment from Medicis due to its identification and development of a suitable compound to be advanced in the research collaboration. Medicis believes Anacor failed to meet the milestone requirements and, on May 18, 2012, provided notice to Anacor that Anacor has breached the Agreement. On December 11, 2012, Medicis filed a suit against Anacor in the Delaware Chancery Court seeking declaratory and equitable relief, F-104 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) including specific performance under the Agreement, as well as a motion for preliminary injunction of the arbitration proceedings. Anacor has filed a motion to dismiss this matter. A hearing is expected in March 2013. Stiefel VELTIN(cid:5) Litigation On July 28, 2010, Medicis filed suit against Stiefel Laboratories, Inc. (‘‘Stiefel’’), a subsidiary of GlaxoSmithKline plc (‘‘GSK’’), in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas-San Antonio Division seeking a declaratory judgment that the manufacture and sale of Stiefel’s acne product VELTIN(cid:5) Gel will infringe one or more claims of its U.S. Patent No. RE41,134 (the ‘‘‘134 Patent’’) covering Medicis’ product ZIANA(cid:4) Gel. Medicis has rights to the ‘134 Patent pursuant to an exclusive license agreement with the owner of the patent. The relief requested included a request for a permanent injunction preventing Stiefel from infringing the ‘134 Patent by engaging in the commercial manufacture, use, importation, offer to sell, or sale of any therapeutic composition or method of use covered by the ‘134 Patent, including such activities relating to VELTIN(cid:5) Gel, and from inducing or contributing to any such activities. On October 8, 2010, Medicis and the owner of the ‘134 Patent filed a motion for a Preliminary Injunction seeking to enjoin sales of VELTIN(cid:5) Gel. Medicis also requested a temporary restraining order, which application was heard and denied by the Court on October 15, 2010. On May 15, 2012, Medicis filed an amended complaint converting the prior claim of declaratory relief into a claim of patent infringement. On June 15, 2012, Stiefel responded to the amended complaint and alleged a new declaratory relief counterclaim relating to U.S. Patent No. 6,387,383 (the ‘‘‘383 Patent’’), which patent also covers the ZIANA(cid:4) Gel product. Stiefel alleged that the counterclaim would obviate the need to proceed in the New Jersey case described below. The case has been stayed. On March 20, 2012, Medicis filed another suit against Stiefel, including naming Stiefel’s parent company, GSK. The suit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey for patent infringement, and more specifically that Stiefel and GSK’s manufacture and sale of VELTIN(cid:5) Gel infringes one or more claims of the ‘383 Patent covering the ZIANA(cid:4) Gel product. Medicis has rights to the ‘383 Patent pursuant to an exclusive license agreement with the owner of the patent. In this action, Medicis sought both monetary damages and a permanent injunction preventing Stiefel and/or GSK from engaging in infringing activities relating to the manufacture and sale of VELTIN(cid:5) Gel. On June 18, 2012, Stiefel and GSK responded to the complaint and asserted declaratory relief counterclaims of non-infringement and patent invalidity. Medicis subsequently determined to file a motion to dismiss the case in New Jersey and continue to pursue the case filed against Stiefel in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas-San Antonio Division described above. On October 26, 2012, the case in New Jersey was dismissed. Actavis ZIANA(cid:4) Litigation On March 30, 2011, Medicis received a Notice of Paragraph IV Patent Certification Notice from Actavis Mid Atlantic LLC (‘‘Actavis’’) advising that Actavis has filed an ANDA with the FDA for approval to market a generic version of ZIANA(cid:4) (clindamycin phosphate 1.2% and tretinoin 0.025%) Gel. Actavis’ Paragraph IV Patent Certification alleges that Medicis’ ‘134 Patent and ‘383 Patent will not be infringed by Actavis’ manufacture, use and/or sale of the product for which the ANDA was submitted, and that the ‘134 Patent and the ‘383 Patent are otherwise invalid. On May 11, 2011, Medicis filed suit against Actavis in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. Originally, the suit sought an adjudication that Actavis’ ANDA infringes one or more claims of the ‘134 Patent and the ‘383 Patent, and that if approved, Actavis’ product will infringe those patents. In February 2012, Medicis withdrew the ‘134 Patent from the litigation and all claims concerning that patent were dismissed without prejudice. The relief requested includes a request for a permanent injunction preventing the FDA from approving Actavis’ ANDA. As a result of the F-105 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) filing of the suit, the 30-month stay period was triggered. Fact discovery concluded on October 19, 2012. A mediation was held on November 13, 2012, but did not result in settlement. The bench trial is set to commence on July 8, 2013. In addition to seeking injunctive relief on the basis of patent infringement in the federal case described above, Medicis is also seeking injunctive relief and monetary damages in a lawsuit filed against Actavis in the Superior Court of the State of Arizona, County of Maricopa. In the lawsuit, filed on March 21, 2011, Medicis alleges that Actavis has breached a distribution and supply agreement with Medicis by filing and pursuing its ZIANA(cid:4) ANDA with the FDA without following certain requirements set forth in such agreement, including a requirement to provide advance notice to Medicis. Medicis sought both money damages and injunctive relief as remedies in the action. The injunctive relief sought in the lawsuit includes a request to enjoin Actavis from pursuing its generic version of ZIANA(cid:4) for a period of time that could extend beyond the 30-month stay applicable in the federal case. Medicis has filed a motion for summary judgment in this matter. Discovery is ongoing. Actavis ZYCLARA(cid:4) Litigation On August 8, 2012, Medicis received a Notice of Paragraph IV Patent Certification from Actavis advising that Actavis has filed an ANDA with the FDA for a generic version of Medicis’ product ZYCLARA(cid:4) (Imiquimod) Cream, 3.75%. Actavis’ Paragraph IV Certification alleges that Medicis’ U.S. Patent No. 8,236,816 (the ‘‘‘816 Patent’’) is invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by Actavis’ manufacture, use or sale of the product for which the ANDA was submitted. On August 31, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Actavis in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement by Actavis of one or more claims of the ‘816 Patent. Medicis received an Issue Notification for a second patent covering ZYCLARA(cid:4) Cream, 3.75%, which patent was expected to issue on August 14, 2012 pursuant to U.S. Patent Application No. 13/182,433 (the ‘‘‘433 Application’’). Medicis subsequently received from Actavis a Notice of Paragraph IV Certification with respect to the ‘433 Application. On October 30, 2012, the USPTO issued U.S. Patent No. 8,299,109 under the ‘433 Application (the ‘‘‘109 Patent’’). On November 2, 2012, Medicis received a Notice of Paragraph IV Patent Certification from Actavis alleging that the ‘109 Patent is invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by Actavis’ manufacture, use or sale of the product for which the ANDA was submitted. The Paragraph IV Certification is in substance the same as the previously received Paragraph IV Certifications. On November 21, 2012 the Court entered a scheduling order in the case setting a Markman hearing date of June 21, 2013 and a trial beginning on January 21, 2014. The matter is proceeding in the ordinary course. Zydus Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. SOLODYN(cid:4) Litigation On June 4, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Zydus Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. and Cadila Healthcare Ltd. d/b/a/ Zydus Cadila (together, ‘‘Zydus’’) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. On June 5, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Zydus in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey. The suits seek an adjudication that Zydus has infringed one or more claims of Medicis’ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,908,838, 7,790,705 and 7,919,483 (the ‘‘Patents’’) by submitting to the FDA an ANDA for generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) (minocycline HCl, USP) Extended Release Tablets in 45mg, 55mg, 65mg, 80mg, 90mg, 105mg and 135mg strengths. The relief requested includes a request for a permanent injunction preventing Zydus from infringing the asserted claims of the Patents by engaging in the manufacture, use, offer to sell, sale, importation or distribution of generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) before the expiration of the Patents. Medicis and Zydus entered into a settlement agreement on December 20, 2012 and the litigation was dismissed on December 28, 2012. F-106 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) Alkem Laboratories Limited Paragraph IV Patent Certification for Generic Versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) On October 29, 2012, Medicis received a Notice of Paragraph IV Patent Certification from Alkem Laboratories Limited (‘‘Alkem’’) advising that Alkem has filed an ANDA with the FDA for generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) (minocycline HCl, USP) Extended Release Tablets in 45mg, 65mg, 90mg, 115mg and 135mg strengths. Alkem’s Paragraph IV Patent Certification alleges that Medicis’ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,908,838, 7,541,347, 7,544,373, 7,790,705, 7,919,483, 8,252,776 and 8,268,804 are invalid, unenforceable and/or will not be infringed by Alkem’s manufacture, use or sale of the products for which the ANDA was submitted. On December 5, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Alkem in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. On December 7, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Alkem in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. The suits seek an adjudication that Alkem has infringed one or more claims of Medicis’ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,908,838, 7,790,705 and 8,268,804 (the ‘‘Patents’’) by submitting to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration an Abbreviated New Drug Application for generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) (minocycline HCl, USP) Extended Release Tablets in 45mg, 65mg, 90mg, 115mg and 135mg strengths. The relief requested includes requests for a permanent injunction preventing Alkem from infringing the asserted claims of the Patents by engaging in the manufacture, use, offer to sell, sale, importation or distribution of generic versions of SOLODYN before the expiration of the Patents. The matters are proceeding in the ordinary course. Sidmak Laboratories (India) Pvt., Ltd. Paragraph IV Patent Certification for Generic Versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) On November 2, 2012, Medicis received a Notice of Paragraph IV Patent Certification from Sidmak Laboratories (India) Pvt., Ltd. (‘‘Sidmak’’) advising that Sidmak has filed an ANDA with the FDA for generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) (minocycline HCl, USP) Extended Release Tablets in 45mg, 55mg, 65mg, 80mg, 110mg, 115mg and 135mg strengths. Sidmak’s Paragraph IV Patent Certification alleges that Medicis’ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,908,838, 7,790,705, 7,919,483, 8,252,776 and 8,268,804 are invalid and/or will not be infringed by Sidmak’s manufacture, use or sale of the products for which the ANDA was submitted. On December 5, 2012, Medicis filed suit against Sidmak in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The suit seeks an adjudication that Sidmak has infringed one or more claims of Medicis’ U.S. Patent Nos. 5,908,838, 7,790,705 and 8,268,804 (the ‘‘Patents’’) by submitting to the FDA an ANDA for generic versions of SOLODYN(cid:4) (minocycline HCl, USP) Extended Release Tablets in 45mg, 65mg, 90mg, 115mg and 135mg strengths. The relief requested includes requests for a permanent injunction preventing Sidmak from infringing the asserted claims of the Patents by engaging in the manufacture, use, offer to sell, sale, importation or distribution of generic versions of SOLODYN before the expiration of the Patents. The matter is proceeding in the ordinary course. Civil Investigative Demand from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Medicis entered into various settlement and other agreements with makers of generic SOLODYN(cid:4) products following patent infringement claims and litigation. On May 2, 2012, Medicis received a civil investigative demand from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (the ‘‘FTC’’) requiring that Medicis provide to the FTC information and documents relating to such agreements, each of which was previously filed with the FTC and the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, and other efforts principally relating to SOLODYN(cid:4). Medicis is cooperating with this investigative process. If, at the conclusion of this process, the FTC believes that any of the agreements or efforts violates antitrust laws, it could challenge Medicis through a civil administrative or judicial proceeding. If the FTC ultimately challenges the agreements, we would expect to vigorously defend in any such action. F-107 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 24. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (Continued) Employment Matter In September, 2011, Medicis received a demand letter from counsel purporting to represent a class of female sales employees alleging gender discrimination in, among others things, compensation and promotion as well as claims that the former management group maintained a work environment that was hostile and offensive to female sales employees. Related charges of discrimination were filed prior to the end of 2011 by six former female sales employees with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (the ‘‘EEOC’’). Three of those charges have been dismissed by the EEOC and the EEOC has made no findings of discrimination. The Company believes that the EEOC charges and threatened class action lack merit. 25. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Lease Commitments The Company leases certain facilities, vehicles and equipment principally under operating leases. Rental expense related to operating lease agreements amounted to $22.9 million, $18.1 million and $12.2 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Minimum future rental payments under non-cancelable operating leases for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 and thereafter are as follows: Lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . $84,201 $21,210 $18,028 $12,152 $8,738 $7,411 $16,662 Total 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Thereafter Other Commitments The Company had no material commitments related to capital expenditures as of December 31, 2012. Under certain research and development agreements, the Company may be required to make payments contingent upon the achievement of specific developmental, regulatory, or commercial milestones. The Company may make contingent consideration payments of up to $200.0 million related to Valeant’s acquisition of Aton. The Company could also pay contingent consideration of up to $114.0 million, $59.9 million and $40.0 million related to acquisitions of OraPharma, iNova and University Medical, respectively. Each of these arrangements is further described in note 3. In addition, the Company may pay potential milestone payments of up to $659.3 million, in the aggregate, to third-parties as part of certain product development and license agreements assumed in connection with the Medicis acquisition. Indemnification Provisions In the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements that include indemnification provisions for product liability and other matters. These provisions are generally subject to maximum amounts, specified claim periods, and other conditions and limits. As of December 31, 2012 or 2011, no material amounts were accrued for the Company’s obligations under these indemnification provisions. In addition, the Company is obligated to indemnify its officers and directors in respect of any legal claims or actions initiated against them in their capacity as officers and directors of the Company in accordance with applicable law. Pursuant to such indemnities, the Company is indemnifying certain former officers and directors in respect of certain litigation and regulatory matters. F-108 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 26. SEGMENT INFORMATION Reportable Segments As a result of the acquisition of iNova in December 2011, the Company operates in five new territories: Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Africa, with a distribution business in Thailand, Taiwan and some sub-Saharan Africa markets. iNova also distributes through partners in China, Korea and Japan. Consequently, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (‘‘CODM’’), began to manage the business differently, which necessitated a realignment of the segment structure, effective in the first quarter of 2012. Pursuant to this change, the Company now has four reportable segments: (i) U.S. Dermatology, (ii) U.S. Neurology and Other, (iii) Canada and Australia and (iv) Emerging Markets. Accordingly, the Company has restated prior period segment information to conform to the current period presentation. The following is a brief description of the Company’s segments: (cid:127) U.S. Dermatology consists of pharmaceutical and OTC product sales, and alliance and contract service revenues, in the areas of dermatology and topical medication, aesthetics (including medical devices), dentistry, ophthalmology and podiatry. (cid:127) U.S. Neurology and Other consists of sales of pharmaceutical products indicated for the treatment of neurological and other diseases, as well as alliance revenue from the licensing of various products the Company developed or acquired. (cid:127) Canada and Australia consists of pharmaceutical and OTC products sold in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. (cid:127) Emerging Markets consists of branded generic pharmaceutical products, as well as OTC products and agency/in-licensing arrangements with other research-based pharmaceutical companies (where the Company distributes and markets branded, patented products under long-term, renewable contracts). Products are sold primarily in Central and Eastern Europe (Poland, Serbia, and Russia), Latin America (Mexico, Brazil and exports out of Mexico to other Latin American markets), Southeast Asia and South Africa. Segment profit is based on operating income after the elimination of intercompany transactions. Certain costs, such as restructuring and acquisition-related costs and legal settlement and in-process research and development impairments and other charges, are not included in the measure of segment profit, as management excludes these items in assessing financial performance. Corporate includes the finance, treasury, tax and legal operations of the Company’s businesses and maintains and/or incurs certain assets, liabilities, expenses, gains and losses related to the overall management of the Company, which are not allocated to the other business segments. In addition, share- based compensation is considered a corporate cost, since the amount of such expense depends on Company-wide performance rather than the operating performance of any single segment. F-109 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 26. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) Segment Revenues and Profit Segment revenues and profit for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: Revenues: U.S. Dermatology(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,158,600 793,503 544,128 1,050,395 $ 575,798 821,789 340,240 725,623 $ 220,667 656,653 161,568 142,349 Total revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,546,626 2,463,450 1,181,237 2012 2011 2010 Segment profit: U.S. Dermatology(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total segment profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructuring, integration and other costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In-process research and development impairments and other charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition-related contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Write-down of deferred financing charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign exchange and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain (loss) on investments, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444,545 274,154 46,433 117,159 882,291 182,888 417,514 105,335 14,915 720,652 46,209 252,657 51,043 16,757 366,666 (138,201) (344,387) (180,007) (97,667) (155,794) (140,840) (189,901) (78,604) (56,779) 5,266 79,685 5,986 (473,396) (8,200) (20,080) 19,721 2,056 (109,200) (32,964) (11,841) 10,986 299,959 4,084 (333,041) (1,485) (36,844) 26,551 22,776 (89,245) (38,262) (52,610) — (110,085) 1,294 (84,307) (5,774) (32,413) 574 (5,552) Loss before recovery of income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (394,228) $ (18,000) $ (236,263) (1) U.S. Dermatology segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue of $492.3 million in 2012, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, OraPharma, Medicis and University Medical. U.S. Dermatology segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue $194.6 million in 2011, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant, Elidel(cid:4) and Xerese(cid:4), Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics. (2) Canada and Australia segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue of $172.2 million in 2012, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from iNova, Afexa and Dermik. Canada and Australia segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue of $155.9 million in 2011, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant and Afexa. (3) Emerging Markets segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue of $322.9 million in 2012, in the aggregate, from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, primarily from iNova, Sanitas, PharmaSwiss, Probiotica and Gerot Lannach. F-110 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 26. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) Emerging Markets segment revenues reflect incremental product sales revenue of $564.7 million in 2011, in the aggregate, from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, primarily from Valeant, PharmaSwiss and Sanitas. (4) U.S. Dermatology segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $221.0 million in 2012, in the aggregate, primarily from Dermik, Ortho Dermatologics, OraPharma and Medicis operations. U.S. Dermatology segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $64.5 million in 2011, in the aggregate, primarily from Valeant, Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics operations. (5) Canada and Australia segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $117.9 million in 2012, in the aggregate, respectively, primarily from iNova, Dermik and Afexa operations. Canada and Australia segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $41.8 million in 2011, in the aggregate, respectively, primarily from Valeant, Afexa, iNova and Dermik operations. (6) Emerging Markets segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all 2011 acquisitions and all 2012 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $180.5 million in 2012, in the aggregate, primarily from PharmaSwiss, Sanitas, iNova and Gerot Lannach operations. Emerging Markets segment profit reflects the addition of operations from all 2010 acquisitions and all 2011 acquisitions, including the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustments to inventory and identifiable intangible assets of $136.8 million in 2011, in the aggregate, primarily from Valeant, PharmaSwiss and Sanitas operations. (7) Corporate reflects non-restructuring-related share-based compensation expense of $66.2 million, $93.0 million and $48.6 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The non-restructuring-related share-based compensation expense includes the effect of the fair value increment on Valeant stock options and RSUs converted into the Company awards of $58.6 million and $37.1 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Segment Assets Total assets by segment as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: 2012 2011 2010 Assets(1)(2): U.S. Dermatology(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6,899,386 4,313,272 1,646,441 4,056,666 $ 3,042,741 4,404,230 1,705,588 3,289,249 $ 1,875,621 4,978,323 1,120,027 2,298,815 Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,915,765 1,034,614 12,441,808 666,311 10,272,786 522,331 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,950,379 $13,108,119 $10,795,117 (1) The segment assets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 contain reclassifications between segments to conform to the current year management structure. (2) Segments assets as of December 31, 2011 reflect the measurement period adjustments associated with the Merger. Segment assets as of December 31, 2011 reflect the amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of Valeant as follows: U.S. Dermatology — $1,503.1 million; U.S. Neurology and Other — $3,367.8 million; Canada and Australia — $759.6 million; and Emerging Markets — $1,602.3 million. Segment assets as of December 31, 2010 reflect the provisional amounts of F-111 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 26. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of Valeant as follows: U.S. Dermatology — $1,665.1 million; U.S. Neurology and Other — $3,604.8 million; Canada and Australia — $945.1 million; and Emerging Markets — $1,882.1 million. (3) U.S. Dermatology segment assets as of December 31, 2012 reflect the amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill acquired from Medicis, OraPharma, QLT, J&J North America, and University Medical of $2,242.8 million and $1,460.9 million, in the aggregate, respectively. U.S. Dermatology segment assets as of December 31, 2011 reflect the provisional amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of Dermik and Ortho Dermatologics of $675.3 million and $11.6 million, in the aggregate, respectively. (4) Canada and Australia segment assets as of December 31, 2011 reflect the provisional amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of iNova and Afexa of $504.6 million and $214.9 million, in the aggregate, respectively. (5) Emerging Markets segment assets as of December 31, 2012 reflect the provisional amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of Probiotica, J&J ROW, Atlantis and Gerot Lannach of $303.6 million and $47.5 million, in the aggregate, respectively. Emerging Markets segment assets as of December 31, 2011 reflect the provisional amounts of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill of PharmaSwiss and Sanitas of $456.3 million and $364.5 million, in the aggregate, respectively. Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation and Amortization Capital expenditures, and depreciation and amortization by segment for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: Capital expenditures: U.S. Dermatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 2010 $ 5,080 1,735 5,196 61,866 73,877 33,761 $ 1,401 233 2,066 33,989 37,689 20,826 $ 652 8,080 804 6,094 15,630 1,193 Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $107,638 $ 58,515 $ 16,823 Depreciation and amortization(1): U.S. Dermatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S.Neurology and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada and Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerging Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $277,124 313,868 163,676 224,984 979,652 6,570 $181,958 213,028 52,375 159,098 606,459 6,144 $ 36,897 170,500 14,791 25,198 247,386 7,118 Total depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $986,222 $612,603 $254,504 The increase in capital expenditures in the Emerging Markets segment is driven primarily by the construction of two manufacturing facilities in Serbia and Mexico. (1) Depreciation and amortization in 2012 reflects the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustment to identifiable intangible assets as follows: U.S. Dermatology — $178.0 million; U.S. Neurology and Other — $167.5 million; Canada and Australia — $85.0 million; and Emerging Markets — $177.5 million. In addition, depreciation and amortization in 2012 also reflects (i) impairment charges of $31.3 million related to the write-down of the carrying values of intangible assets related to certain suncare and skincare brands sold primarily in Australia, which are classified as assets held for sale as of December 31, 2012, to their estimated fair values less costs to sell, (ii) an $18.7 million impairment charge related to F-112 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 26. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) the write-down of the carrying value of the Dermaglow(cid:4) intangible asset, which is classified as an asset held for sale as of December 31, 2012, to its estimated fair value less costs to sell, and (iii) impairment charges of $13.3 million related to the discontinuation of certain products in the Brazilian and Polish markets. Depreciation and amortization in 2011 reflects the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustment to identifiable intangible assets as follows: U.S. Dermatology — $55.0 million; U.S. Neurology and Other — $29.1 million; Canada and Australia — $32.2 million; and Emerging Markets — $106.0 million. In addition, depreciation and amortization in 2011 also reflects impairment charges of $7.9 million and $19.8 million related to the write-down of the carrying values of the IDP-111 and 5-FU intangible assets, respectively, to their estimated fair values, less costs to sell. Depreciation and amortization in 2010 reflects the impact of acquisition accounting adjustments related to the fair value adjustment to identifiable intangible assets as follows: U.S. Dermatology — $19.1 million; U.S. Neurology and Other — $14.1 million; Canada and Australia — $6.7 million; and Emerging Markets — $18.8 million. Geographic Information Revenues and long-lived assets by geographic region for the years ended and as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: U.S. and Puerto Rico . . . . . . . Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 $1,952,092 349,137 199,278 184,073 167,445 135,114 90,768 71,181 44,882 37,210 315,446 Revenues(1) 2011 $1,397,637 256,820 179,501 79,204 151,948 87,190 81,867 8,720 409 — 220,154 2010 2012 Long-Lived Assets(2) 2011 2010 $ 872,112 154,200 30,430 17,616 42,833 22,595 — — — — 41,451 $ 60,432 109,728 110,890 4,402 73,894 45,959 32,057 228 596 111 24,427 $ 22,619 129,510 106,743 16,636 53,500 49,231 10,039 — — — 25,964 $ 14,231 94,435 60,390 1,724 51,367 46,074 — — — — 13,531 $3,546,626 $2,463,450 $1,181,237 $462,724 $414,242 $281,752 (1) Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. (2) Long-lived assets consist of property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, which is attributed to countries based on the physical location of the assets. (3) Other consists primarily of other Central and Eastern European countries. Major Customers External customers that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows: McKesson Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cardinal Health, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AmerisourceBergen Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20% 23% 28% 20% 21% 24% 8% 10% 12% 2012 2011 2010 F-113 VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (All tabular dollar amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share data) 27. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Amendments to the Credit Agreement On January 24, 2013, the Company and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement to reprice the Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Credit Facility. As amended, the applicable margins for the Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Credit Facility each were reduced by 0.75%. On February 21, 2013, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to effectuate a repricing of the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility (the ‘‘Term Loan B Repricing Transaction’’) by the issuance of $1.3 billion and $1.0 billion in new incremental term loans (the ‘‘Repriced Term Loan B Facilities’’). Term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility ($1.3 billion) and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility ($1.0 billion) were either exchanged for, or repaid with the proceeds of, the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities. The applicable margins for borrowings under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities are 1.75% with respect to base rate borrowings and 2.75% with respect to LIBO rate borrowings, subject to a 0.75% LIBO rate floor. The incremental term loans under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities mature on February 13, 2019 ($1.3 billion) and December 11, 2019 ($1.0 billion), begin amortizing quarterly on March 31, 2013 at an annual rate of 1.0% and have terms consistent with the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility, respectively. In connection with the refinancing of the New Term Loan B Facility and the Incremental Term Loan B Facility pursuant to the Term Loan B Repricing Transaction, the Company paid a prepayment premium of approximately $23.0 million, equal to 1.0% of the refinanced term loans under the New Term Loan B Facility and Incremental Term Loan B Facility. In addition, repayments of outstanding loans under the Repriced Term Loan B Facilities in connection with certain refinancings on or prior to August 21, 2013 require a prepayment premium of 1.0% of such loans prepaid. Eisai On February 20, 2013, the Company acquired certain assets from Eisai Inc. (‘‘Eisai’’) for approximately $65.0 million. In addition, the Company may pay up to an additional $60.0 million of contingent consideration based on certain milestones. The assets acquired include the U.S. rights to Targretin(cid:4), which is indicated for the treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Natur Produkt International, JSC On February 1, 2013, the Company acquired Natur Produkt International, JSC (‘‘Natur Produkt’’), a specialty pharmaceutical company in Russia, for approximately $163.0 million, plus adjustments for net debt and working capital. Natur Produkt’s key brand products include AntiGrippin(cid:5), Anti-Angin(cid:4), Sage(cid:5) and Eucalyptus MA(cid:5). The Eisai and Natur Produkt transactions described above will be accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. The Company will record the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the respective acquisition dates. Due to the limited time since the closing of the acquisitions, the valuation efforts and related acquisition accounting are incomplete at the time of filing of the consolidated financial statements. As a result, the Company is unable to provide amounts recognized as of the acquisition dates for major classes of assets and liabilities acquired, including goodwill. In addition, because the acquisition accounting is incomplete, the Company is unable to provide the supplemental pro forma revenue and earnings for the combined entity, as the pro forma adjustments are expected to primarily consist of estimates for the amortization of identifiable intangible assets acquired and related income tax effects, which will result from the purchase price allocation and determination of the fair values for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. F-114 Exhibit 21.1 Subsidiary Information As of February 28, 2013 Company Jurisdiction of Incorporation Doing Business As PharmaSwiss SA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Albania PharmaSwiss SA DermaTech Party, Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia DermaTech Party, Ltd. Ganehill North America Pty Ltd. . . . . . . . . . Australia Ganehill North America Pty Ltd. Ganehill Pty Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Ganehill Pty Ltd. Hissyfit International Pty, Limited . . . . . . . . . Australia Hissyfit International Pty, Limited iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Limited Australia iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia) Pty Limited Private Formula International Holdings Pty Australia Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private Formula International Holdings Pty Limited Private Formula International Pty Limited . . . Australia Private Formula International Pty Limited Valeant Holdco2 Pty Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Valeant Holdco2 Pty Ltd Valeant Holdco3 Pty Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Valeant Holdco3 Pty Ltd Valeant Pharmaceuticals Australasia Pty Ltd. . Australia Valeant Pharmaceuticals Australasia Pty Ltd. Wirra IP Pty Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Wirra IP Pty Limited Wirra Holdings Pty Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Wirra Holdings Pty Limited Wirra Operations Pty Limited . . . . . . . . . . . Australia Wirra Operations Pty Limited Hythe Property Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . Barbados Hythe Property Incorporated Valeant Holdings (Barbados) SRL . . . . . . . . . Barbados Valeant Holdings (Barbados) SRL Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Barbados (Barbados) SRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings (Barbados) SRL ZAO Natur Produkt-M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Belarus ZAO Natur Produkt-M Valeant International Bermuda . . . . . . . . . . . Bermuda Valeant International Bermuda Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda . . Bermuda Valeant Pharmaceuticals Holdings Bermuda PharmaSwiss BH drustvo za trgovinu na veliko d.o.o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bosnia PharmaSwiss BH drustvo za trgovinu na veliko d.o.o Bunker Ind´ustria Farmacˆeutica Ltda. . . . . . . . Brazil Bunker Ind´ustria Farmacˆeutica Ltda. Instituto Terapˆeutico Delta Ltda. . . . . . . . . . Brazil Instituto Terapˆeutico Delta Ltda. LaBenne Participacoes Ltda. . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil LaBenne Participacoes Ltda. Probiotica Laboratories Ltda. . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil Probiotica Laboratories Ltda. Valeant Farmaceutica do Brasil Ltda. . . . . . . . Brazil Valeant Farmaceutica do Brasil Ltda. PharmaSwiss EOOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bulgaria PharmaSwiss EOOD Laboratorie Dr. Renaud, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada Laboratorie Dr. Renaud, Inc. Medicis Aesthetics Canada Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . Canada Medicis Aesthetics Canada Ltd. Medicis Canada Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada Medicis Canada Ltd. Valeant Canada GP Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada Valeant Canada GP Limited Valeant Canada Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada Valeant Canada Limited Valeant Canada LP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada Valeant Canada LP V-BAC Holding Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada V-BAC Holding Corp. PharmaSwiss drustvo s ogranicenom Croatia odgovornoscu za trgovinu I usluge . . . . . . . PharmaSwiss drustvo s ogranicenom odgovornoscu za trgovinu I usluge Ivonton Holdings Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cyprus Ivonton Holdings Limited Company Jurisdiction of Incorporation Doing Business As PharmaSwiss Ceska republika s.r.o. . . . . . . . . Czech Republic PharmaSwiss Ceska republika s.r.o. Valeant Czech Pharma s.r.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Czech Republic Valeant Czech Pharma s.r.o. PharmaSwiss Eesti OU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estonia PharmaSwiss Eesti OU Natur Produkt Suomi Oy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finland Natur Produkt Suomi Oy Pharma Pass SAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . France Pharma Pass SAS PharmaSwiss Hellas S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greece PharmaSwiss Hellas S.A. iNova Pharmaceuticals (Hong Kong) Limited . Hong Kong iNova Pharmaceuticals (Hong Kong) Limited Csatarka Irodahaz Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hungary Csatarka Irodahaz Ltd. Valeant Pharma Hungary Commercial LLC . . Hungary Valeant Pharma Hungary Commercial LLC Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland . . . . . . . . . . Ireland Valeant Pharmaceuticals Ireland PharmaSwiss Israel Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Israel PharmaSwiss Israel Ltd. PharmaSwiss SA, SH.P.K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kosovo PharmaSwiss SA, SH.P.K. PharmaSwiss Latvia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latvia PharmaSwiss Latvia AB Sanitas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lithuania AB Sanitas UAB PharmaSwiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lithuania UAB PharmaSwiss Biovail International S.a.r.l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luxembourg Biovail International S.a.r.l. Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.a.r.l. . . Luxembourg Valeant Pharmaceuticals Luxembourg S.a.r.l. PHARMASWISS DOOEL Skopje . . . . . . . . Macedonia PHARMASWISS DOOEL Skopje Laboratorios Grossman, S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico Laboratorios Grossman, S.A. Logistica Valeant, S.A. de C.V . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico Logistica Valeant, S.A. de C.V Nysco de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico Nysco de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Tecnofarma, S.A. de C.V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico Tecnofarma, S.A. de C.V. Valeant Farmaceutica, S.A. de C.V. . . . . . . . . Mexico Valeant Farmaceutica, S.A. de C.V. Valeant Servicios y Administraci´on, S. de RL Mexico de CV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valeant Servicios y Administraci´on, S. de RL de CV Valeant Dutch Holdings B.V. . . . . . . . . . . . . Netherlands Valeant Dutch Holdings B.V. Valeant Europe B.V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Netherlands Valeant Europe B.V. Valeant Pharmaceuticals New Zealand Limited New Zealand Valeant Pharmaceuticals New Zealand Limited Valeant Farmacuetica Panama S.A. . . . . . . . . Panama Valeant Farmacuetica Panama S.A. ICN Polfa Rzeszow S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poland ICN Polfa Rzeszow S.A. Emo-Farm sp´olka z ograniczona Poland odpowiedzialnoscia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emo-Farm sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia Jelfa S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poland Jelfa S.A. Laboratorium Farmaceutyczne Homeofarm Poland sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia . . . PharmaSwiss sp´olka z ograniczona Poland odpowiedzialnoscia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratorium Farmaceutyczne Homeofarm sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia PharmaSwiss sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia Sanitas Pharma S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poland Sanitas Pharma S.A. Valeant IPM sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valeant Polfa sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poland Poland Valeant IPM sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia Valeant Polfa sp´olka z ograniczona odpowiedzialnoscia SC PharmaSwiss Medicines SRL . . . . . . . . . . Romania SC PharmaSwiss Medicines SRL SC Valeant Romania SRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Romania SC Valeant Romania SRL OOO HII Nedvijomost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Russia OOO HII Nedvijomost OOO NP Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Russia OOO NP Logistics Company Jurisdiction of Incorporation Doing Business As Valeant Pharmaceuticals Russia LLC . . . . . . . Russia Valeant Pharmaceuticals Russia LLC ZAO Natur Produkt International . . . . . . . . . Russia ZAO Natur Produkt International PharmaSwiss d.o.o. Serbia & Montenegro . . . Serbia & Montenegro PharmaSwiss d.o.o. Serbia & Montenegro iNova Pharmaceuticals (Singapore) Pte Singapore Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iNova Pharmaceuticals (Singapore) Pte Limited Wirra International Bidco Pte Limited . . . . . . Singapore Wirra International Bidco Pte Limited Wirra International Holdings Pte Limited . . . . Singapore Wirra International Holdings Pte Limited Valeant Slovakia s.r.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slovak Republic Valeant Slovakia s.r.o. Fidimed d.o.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slovenia Fidimed d.o.o. PharmaSwiss d.o.o., Ljubljana . . . . . . . . . . . . Slovenia PharmaSwiss d.o.o., Ljubljana iNova Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Limited . . . . . . . South Africa iNova Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Limited Dermavest Swedish Holdings AB . . . . . . . . . Sweden Dermavest Swedish Holdings AB HA North American Sales AB . . . . . . . . . . . Sweden HA North American Sales AB Biovail SA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switzerland Biovail SA fX Life Sciences AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switzerland fX Life Sciences AG PharmaSwiss SA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switzerland PharmaSwiss SA iNova Pharmaceuticals (Thailand) Ltd. . . . . . Thailand iNova Pharmaceuticals (Thailand) Ltd. OOO NP VITA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ukraine OOO NP VITA Aton Pharma, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Aton Pharma, Inc. Audrey Enterprise, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Audrey Enterprise, LLC Biovail Americas Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Biovail Americas Corp. Biovail NTI Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Biovail NTI Inc. Cold-FX Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. . . . . . . Delaware (US) Cold-FX Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. Coria Laboratories, Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Coria Laboratories, Ltd. Dermavest, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nevada (US) Dermavest, Inc. Dow Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Inc. . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Dow Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Inc. Dr. LeWinn’s Private Formula California (US) International, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dr. LeWinn’s Private Formula International, Inc. Eyetech Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Eyetech Inc. ICN Southeast, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) ICN Southeast Inc. Medicis Aesthetics Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Medicis Aesthetics Inc. Medicis Body Aesthetics, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Medicis Body Aesthetics, Inc. Medicis Global Services Corporation . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Medicis Global Services Corporation Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation Medicis, The Dermatology Company . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Medicis, The Dermatology Company Oceanside Pharmaceuticals, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Oceanside Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Orphamed Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Orphamed Inc. OraPharma, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) OraPharma, Inc. OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc. . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) OraPharma Topco Holdings, Inc. Pedinol Pharmacal, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New York (US) Pedinol Pharmacal, Inc. Prestwick Pharmaceuticals, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Prestwick Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Princeton Pharma Holdings, LLC . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Princeton Pharma Holdings, LLC Private Formula Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . California (US) Private Formula Corp. Renaud Skin Care Laboratories, Inc. . . . . . . . New York (US) Renaud Skin Care Laboratories, Inc. Company Jurisdiction of Incorporation Doing Business As RTI Acquisition Corporation Inc. . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) RTI Acquisition Corporation Inc. Tinea Acquisition Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Tinea Acquisition Corporation Ucyclyd Pharma, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maryland (US) Ucyclyd Pharma, Inc. Valeant Biomedicals, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) Valeant Biomedicals, Inc. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International . . . . . . Delaware (US) Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC . Delaware (US) Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC 9 TV LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware (US) 9 TV LLC In accordance with the instructions of Item 601 of Regulation S-K, certain subsidiaries are omitted from the foregoing table. CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Forms S-4 (No. 333-168254), as amended, and Forms S-8 (Nos. 333-92229, 333-138697, 333-168629, 333-168254, 333-176205), as amended (where applicable), of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. of our report dated February 25, 2013 relating to the financial statements, financial statement schedule and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K. Exhibit 23.1 /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Florham Park, NJ February 28, 2013 Exhibit 23.2 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-4 (No. 333-168254) and Form S-8 (Nos. 333-92229, 333-138697, 333-168629, 333-168254, 333-176205) of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. of our report dated February 29, 2012 (except for Note 26 which contains restated segment information to reflect a new management structure, for which the date is February 28, 2013) relating to the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., which appears in this Form 10-K. Toronto, Canada February 28, 2013 /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Chartered Accountants Licensed Public Accountants Exhibit 23.3 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 (No. 333-168254) and Forms S-8 (Nos. 333-92229, 333-138697, 333-168629, 333-168254, 333-176205) of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. of our report dated February 28, 2011 with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2012. Toronto, Canada February 28, 2013 /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP Chartered Accountants Licensed Public Accountants CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.1 I, J. Michael Pearson, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (the ‘‘Company’’); 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d. Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 28, 2013 /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.2 I, Howard B. Schiller, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (the ‘‘Company’’); 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d. Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 28, 2013 /s/ HOWARD B. SCHILLER Howard B. Schiller Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32.1 I, J. Michael Pearson, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (the ‘‘Company’’), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge: 1. The Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (the ‘‘Annual Report’’) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 2. The information contained in the Annual Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: February 28, 2013 /s/ J. MICHAEL PEARSON J. Michael Pearson Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by such Act, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ‘‘Exchange Act’’). Such certification will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference. A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request. CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32.2 I, Howard B. Schiller, Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (the ‘‘Company’’), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge: 1. The Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (the ‘‘Annual Report’’) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 2. The information contained in the Annual Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: February 28, 2013 /s/ HOWARD B. SCHILLER Howard B. Schiller Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by such Act, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ‘‘Exchange Act’’). Such certification will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference. A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request. BOARD OF DIRECTORS CORPORATE INFORMATION J. Michael Pearson Lloyd M. Segal Corporate Headquarters Chairman and Chief Executive Officer General Partner, Persistence Capital Partners 4787 Levy Street Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Committee: Nominating and Corporate Montreal, Quebec H4R 2P9 Governance (Chairperson) Canada Robert A. Ingram Lead director, Valeant Pharmaceuticals Katharine B. Stevenson International, Inc. Corporate director Partner, Hatteras Venture Partners Committees: Audit and Risk, Finance and Phone: 514-744-6792 Fax: 514-744-6272 www.valeant.com Committee: Talent and Compensation Transactions INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Ronald H. Farmer Managing director of Mosaic Capital Partners MANAGEMENT TEAM Committees: Nominating and Corporate J. Michael Pearson Governance, Talent and Compensation Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Theo Melas-Kyriazi Howard B. Schiller Chief Financial Officer, Levitronix LLC Executive Vice President and Committees: Audit and Risk, Finance and Chief Financial Officer PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (United States) INVESTOR AND MEDIA RELATIONS You may request a copy of documents at no cost by contacting: Laurie W. Little Vice President, Investor Relations Phone: 949-461-6002 Email: ir@valeant.com Transactions G. Mason Morfit Partner, ValueAct Capital Robert R. Chai-Onn Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Email updates are also available through the Corporate Secretary and Corporate Business Investor Relations page at Valeant’s website at Committees: Finance and Transactions development www.valeant.com (Chairperson), Talent and Compensation Jason D. Hanson STOCK EXCHANGES Dr. Laurence E. Paul Executive Vice President/Company Group Founding Principal, Laurel Crown Capital LLC Chairman Laizer D. Kornwasser Common Stock: VRX Executive Vice President/Company Group Committees: Finance and Transactions, Nominating and Corporate Governance Robert N. Power Corporate director Committees: Talent and Compensation (Chairperson), Nominating and Corporate Governance Norma A. Provencio Chairman Ryan H. Weldon Executive Vice President/Company Group Chairman Brian M. Stolz President and Owner, Provencio Advisory Executive Vice President of Administration and Services Inc. Committees: Audit and Risk (Chairperson), Special Independent (Chairperson) Howard B. Schiller Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Chief Human Capital Officer Dr. Susan T. Hall, Ph.D. Senior Vice President, Global Head of Research and development New York Stock Exchange and Toronto Stock Exchange. NYSE /TSX Trading Symbols. PRINCIPAL TRANSFER AGENT & REGISTRAR Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’s des- ignated transfer agent is Canadian Stock Transfer. The transfer agent is responsible for maintaining all records of registered stockholders (including change of address, telephone number, and name), canceling or issuing stock certificates and resolv- ing problems related to lost, destroyed or stolen certificates. If you are a registered stockholder of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. and need to change your records pertaining to stock, please contact the Transfer Agent listed below: Canadian Stock Transfer CIBC Mellon Trust Company C/O Canadian Stock Transfer P.O. Box 700 Station B Montreal, QC H3B 3K3 Canada Fax: 888-249-6189 Phone (for all security transfer inquiries): 1-800-387-0825 or 416-682-3860 WEBSITE: www.canstockta.com l V a e a n t P h a r m a c e u t i c a s l I n t e r n a t i o n a l , I n c . 2 0 1 2 A n n u a l R e p o r t