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Bengal Energy Ltd.

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FY2015 Annual Report · Bengal Energy Ltd.
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Consolidated Financial Statements

 international exploration & production  

2015 Annual Report 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1 
3 
6 
32 
36 
64

Message to Shareholders   
Fiscal 2015 Highlights  
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Corporate Information 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

MESSAGE TO SHAREHOLDERS 

Bengal’s  2015  fiscal  year  was  the  most  active  period  in  our  history,  with  results  from  our  two-phased 
Cuisinier drilling campaign contributing to a 51% increase in our proved plus probable (“2P”) reserve base 
over  fiscal  year  end  2014.    New  reserve  additions  from  our  successful  drilling  and  development  program 
effectively  replaced  more  than  12  times  our  2015  annual  production  volumes.    Despite  a  significant 
downturn in global crude oil prices facing the industry, on the strength of Bengal’s asset base we were able 
to  solidify  our  financial  flexibility  by  finalizing  a  US$25  million  secured  credit  facility  with  Westpac 
Institutional  Bank  of  Australia.    Operationally  and  financially,  I  am  very  pleased  with  the  progress  Bengal 
has  made  in  2015  to  further  develop  and  grow  our  asset  base,  while  positioning  the  Company  to  deliver 
long-term value.   

As a direct result of our fiscal 2015 activities in the Cuisinier oil pool on the Barta block in Australia’s Cooper 
Basin, the net present value discounted at 10% (NPV10) of Bengal’s 2P reserves increased 17% over the 
prior  year,  and  was  assessed  at  $118  million  by  our  independent  reserve  evaluators.    This  is  a  clear 
demonstration of the inherent value in Bengal’s asset base, and the magnitude of its potential, particularly in 
light  of  the  dramatic  decrease  in  world  oil  prices  year  over  year.    Our  team’s  technical  capabilities, 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

consistent  execution  of  strategy  and  unwavering  value-focus  have  led  to  the  successful  growth  and 
delineation of the Cuisinier pool and its related asset value for Bengal.  

While crude oil prices have shown moderate improvement from their dramatic lows in early calendar 2015, 
the  global  outlook  for  commodity  prices  remains  challenged.    However,  Bengal  is  very  well-positioned 
relative  to  many  of  our  North  American  energy  sector  peers.    As  a  result  of  our  high  quality  asset  base, 
which  produces  ultra-light  oil  and  commands  a  premium  price  to  the  Brent  benchmark,  coupled  with 
Australia’s favourable and predictable royalty regime, our Australian netbacks averaged CDN$89.43/bbl for 
the  2015  fiscal  year.    To  further  underpin  our  future  revenues  and  in  concert  with  our  new  US$25  million 
secured  credit  facility,  Bengal  entered  into  a  combination  of  fixed  future  swap  and  put  positions  on 
approximately 269,000 barrels effective December 2014 through June 2017, with an attractive floor price of 
US  $80  per  barrel.    This  robust  and  advantageous  hedging  position  serves  to  further  support  Bengal’s 
revenue and funds flow during periods of commodity price volatility.  

Bengal’s 2015 capital program was primarily directed to the development and appraisal of the Cuisinier oil 
pool  where  Bengal  and  our  joint  venture  parties  successful  drilled  and  completed  four  development  wells 
from  late  March  2014  through  early  May  2014.    The  Phase  Two  drilling  campaign  also  included  one 
successful  exploration  well  at  Wompi,  three  appraisal  wells  and  two  development  wells,  Cuisiner-20  and 
Cuisnier-21 on the ATP 752 Barta Block within the Cuisinier field.  Cuisiner-20 and Cuisnier-21 are currently 
being  tied-in  by  the  operator.  Through  the  first  three  months  of  fiscal  2016,  our  production  has  been 
relatively stable relative to the previous calendar quarter, averaging approximately 525 boepd.  

In  addition  to  contributing  new  production  volumes,  the  new  Cuisinier-21  development  well  is  significant 
because it successfully expanded the lowest known oil level in the Cuisinier structure by establishing a 42-
plus meter oil column. This expansion further increases the areal extent of the Cuisinier pool and provides 
new  opportunities  for  future  drilling  and  development.  The  success  of  our  2015  drilling  program  has 
enhanced our understanding of the geological features in the area and resulted in record year-end reserve 
assignments for Bengal by our independent reserve evaluators. 

Bengal remains catalyst-rich as we move into fiscal 2016 with a combination of continued development and 
exploration  activities.    At  Wompi,  Bengal  holds  a  38%  working  interest  and  with  our  JV  parties,  are 
preparing  for  the  completion  and  testing  of  our  newest  gas  discovery.  In  early  calendar  2016,  the  JV  will 
complete and test the commerciality of the Nubba-1 exploration well.  While the Phase Two exploration well 
encountered multiple oil shows, we are even more excited by its potential as a future natural gas producer, 
showing up to 6 metres of gas pay. The discovery has the potential to provide another significant target-rich 
play for future development.  

Bengal and our Joint Venture Partner, Beach Energy Ltd (“Beach”), are planning to drill a second well at our 
Tookoonooka  asset,  the  cost  for  which  Bengal  will  be  fully  carried.  Beach  has  completed  the  acquisition; 
processing  and  preliminary  interpretation  of  a  300  square  kilometre  3D  seismic  survey  and  the  Joint 
Venture will identify potential drilling locations in advance of drilling in calendar mid-2016. This area could 
provide an important driver for Bengal, offering new near-term production volumes and revenue, as well as 
extensive future drilling locations to support growth over the longer term.   

In  our  onshore  India  block  at  CY-ONN-2005/1,  Bengal  holds  a  30%  working  interest  in  946  square 
kilometres  (233,000  acres),  and  we  continue  to  coordinate  with  our  partners,  Gas  Authority  of  India  Ltd. 
(“GAIL”)  and  Gujarat  State  Petroleum  Corporation  to  advance  plans  for  the  drilling  of  three  exciting 
exploration wells. GAIL, the operator, is working with various local stakeholders and government bodies to 
obtain the necessary approvals to proceed, with current expectations for drilling the first well at the earliest, 
in late calendar 2015. 

2  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

Following  up  on  Bengal’s  largest  ever  capital  program,  and  in  response  to  the  currently  uncertain 
commodity price environment, our primary focus for fiscal 2016 will be to ensure prudent capital investment 
supported  by  a thorough analysis  of development,  appraisal and exploration opportunities,  with continued 
cost reduction efforts.   

In response to a weakened commodity price environment, we anticipate a number of production acquisition 
and  other  strategic  opportunities  to  arise  over  the  coming  quarters.    Bengal  will  continue  to  examine  and 
evaluate  potential  opportunities  and  transactions  with  the  objective  of  adding  to  production,  reserves  and 
funds flow, all of which support enhanced shareholder value.  We will continue development and appraisal 
drilling at our core properties in Cuisinier, expected to drive near-term and operating income while paving 
the way for future expanded development.   

Bengal  has  taken  steps  to  weather  the  current  commodity  price  downturn  by  improving  our  financial 
flexibility,  establishing  an  attractive  hedge  position,  and  maintaining  a  responsible  approach  to  our 
operations.  I want to thank our strong and supportive Board, our hard-working and skilled technical team, 
as  well  as  each  of  our  shareholders  for  your  support  as  we  grow  and  further  unlock  the  value  of  Bengal 
Energy. 

Sincerely, 

Chayan Chakrabarty 
President & CEO 

Note: this Message to Shareholders contains forward-looking statements and is subject to the forward-
looking statement disclaimer in the Management’s Discussion & Analysis for the Years Ended March 31, 
2015 and 2014.   

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

FISCAL 2015 HGHLIGHTS 

Financial Highlights: 

  Reserves Growth Continues – The independent third party year-end reserves evaluation to March 
31, 2015 shows a 31% and 51% year-over-year corporate Proved (“1P”) and Proved plus Probable 
(“2P”) reserves increase, respectively. 1P reserves are now 2.2 million barrels and 2P reserves are 
now  5.7  million  barrels  of  high  quality,  high  netback  52  degree  gravity  light  oil.  These  increases 
were  primarily  driven  by  the  successful  drilling  program  conducted  throughout  the  year  on  the 
Cuisinier  asset.  Based  on  1P  and  2P  reserves  additions,  Bengal  has  replaced  approximately  4.0 
times and 12.0 times its annual production, respectively.  

  Hedging  in  place  through  June  2017  –  Effective  December  2014,  the  Company  entered  into  a 
combination  of  fixed  for  future  swaps  and  put  positions  for  approximately  269,000  barrels  in  total 
through to June 2017 with a floor price of US $80 per barrel.  Since December 2014, the hedging 
program has resulted in a realized gain of $0.9 million and carries an unrealized fair value of $5.0 
million.   

  Revenue  –  Bengal  generated revenue of approximately $3.4 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 
2015 compared with $3.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2015. The difference is primarily due to 
a  decrease  in  benchmark  commodity  prices  and  is  partially  offset  by  the  Company’s  hedging 
positions.  Revenue  was  36%  lower  than  the  $5.3  million  generated  during  the  fourth  quarter  of 
fiscal 2014. For the full fiscal year ended 2015, Bengal generated revenue of approximately $15.4 
million, which is a 21% decrease over fiscal 2014. The decrease was again driven by lower realized 
pricing for crude oil. 

  Funds  Flow  from  Operations(1) –  Bengal generated funds flow from operations of $0.9 million in 
Q4 2015, being the quarter ended March 31, 2015, compared to $2.2 million during Q4 2014 and 
$1.3  million  generated  in  Q3  2015,  due  to  lower  netbacks  associated  with  declining  benchmark 
crude  prices.  The  full  fiscal  year  ended  2015  funds  flow  from  operations  was  $4.6  million,  versus 
$8.2 million generated during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014. 

  Earnings – Bengal reported a net loss of $3.2 million during the fiscal year ended 2015, compared 
to  a  net  income  of  $0.2  million  in  the  prior  year  due  to  the  impact  decreased  crude  oil  prices  on 
funds from operations as well as the $3.2 million impairment of its wholly owned drilling rig and $1.8 
million  of  foreign  exchange  losses.  When  the  impact  of  unrealized  foreign  exchange  losses  and 
unrealized hedging gains are eliminated, Bengal’s 2015 annual adjusted net loss(1) was $6.1 million 
compared to annual adjusted net earnings of $0.02 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014.  

  Additional  Financial  Flexibility  –  On  October  24,  2014,  Bengal  finalized  its  US  $25.0  million 
secured  credit  facility  with  Westpac  Institutional  Bank  of  Australia.  An  initial  draw  of  US  $14.0 
million was used to repay the Company’s existing $8.0 million aggregate principal amount of notes 
and to fund a portion of the Cuisinier Phase Two development drilling program. 

2015 Operational Highlights: 

  Production  Volumes  –  Production  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2015  averaged  525  barrels  of  oil 
equivalent  per  day  (“boepd”),  a  4%  increase  from  the  fourth  quarter  of  2014,  and  a  9%  decrease 
from the previous quarter  due to  natural declines. Full  year 2015 production  increased 3% to 480 
boepd  compared  to  468  boepd  produced  in  2014  as  a  result  of  incremental  production  from  the 
Cuisinier  Phase  One  drilling  program.  Incremental  production  from  the  2014  Cuisinier  drilling 

1 See non-IFRS measurements section on page 6 to this MD&A 
4  

 
                                                 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

program  has  been  partially  offset  by  the  unexpected  increase  in  water  cut  at  the  Cuisinier-6  well, 
which underwent a work over program in April 2015 in an attempt to restore production.  

Production has been relatively stable through the first quarter of fiscal 2016, averaging 525 boepd, 
with two new producing wells coming online in June 2015. 

  Cuisinier  Drilling  Campaign  –  From  late  March  2014  to  early  May  2014,  Bengal  and  its  joint 
venture  parties  (“JV”)  carried  out  the  first  of  its  calendar  2014  two-phase  drilling  campaign  at 
Cuisinier.  The  four  Phase  One  development  wells  targeted  the  oil-bearing  Cretaceous  Murta 
Formation and were drilled with 100% success.  

The Phase Two drilling campaign included three appraisal wells and two development wells at the 
ATP  752  Barta  Block  Cuisinier  oil  field.  The  JV  is  in  the  process  of  tying-in  the  two  development 
wells, Cuisiner-20, and Cuisnier-21.  

  Cuisinier-21 – This development well tested the northwest flank of the Cuisinier structure and 

came in structurally as predicted; testing 100% clean oil on perf at an estimated rate of 380 boepd. 
This well has now established an oil column of at least 42 meters and further increasing the areal 
extent of the Cuisinier pool. 

  Cuisinier-6  –  During  the  month  of  April  2015,  the  operator  completed  production  logging  on  this 
well  and  set  a  bridge  plug  to  isolate  the  producing  Murta  formation  from  the  deeper  Namur 
formation aquifer. The performance of this  well  will  be monitored closely  in the  coming months to 
determine if isolation was complete. 

  Cuisinier-17  and  -19  –  As  previously  announced,  the  Cuisinier-17  and  Cuisinier-19  have  been 
suspended  pending  finalization  of  an  appropriate  stimulation  program.  The  operator  is  in  the 
process of developing a fracture stimulation program for a number of wells at Cuisinier that, based 
on results, could potentially include the Cuisinier-17 and Cuisinier-19 wells in the future. 

  ATP 934 Barrolka Permit – On March 1, 2015, this gas prone 361,268 acre block was awarded to 
the Bengal operated JV by the Minister of the Department of Natural Resources and Mines of the 
Queensland Government. In addition, effective April 1, 2015, Bengal increased its ownership in the 
permit  to  80%  through  the  acquisition  of  the  interest  held  by  one  of  its  joint  venture  parties.  The 
remaining  joint  venture  partner,  effective  June  19,  2015  exercised  its  option  to  purchase  8.6%  of 
this interest; therefore Bengal’s current working interest is 71.4%. As operator, Bengal is currently in 
discussions with the Queensland Government and hopes to finalize a work program and budget for 
this gas focused permit in the near future. 

  Wompi  Exploration  –  Bengal  and  its  JV  parties  completed  drilling  operations  of  the  Nubba-1 
exploration  well.  The  well  encountered  multiple  oil  shows  within  the  Jurassic,  as  well  as  up  to  6 
meters of Permian Toolachee Formation gas pay. Completion and testing of this gas discovery will 
confirm rates and commerciality  early in calendar 2016. Bengal has 38%  in the Wompi block and 
the Nubba well.  

  ATP 732 Tookoonooka Permit – Beach Energy Ltd. farmed in to this Permit in 2011 and have now 
completed  the  acquisition,  processing  and  preliminary  interpretation  of  the  300  square  kilometre 
Nassarius 3D seismic survey. Additional pre-stack depth migration (“PSDM”) was required to better 
image some of the leads that have been defined. The processing of the PSDM data has now been 
completed and the final interpretation is due to commence imminently. The next phase of drilling will 
be finalized upon completion of interpretation.  

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

  Onshore  India  Drilling  Plan – At Bengal’s onshore India block situated within the Cauvery Basin 
(CY-ONN-2005/1 – 30% WI), the Company continues to coordinate with its partners, Gas Authority 
of India Ltd. (“GAIL”) and Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation, for the drilling of three exploration 
wells. GAIL, the operator, continues to negotiate with various stakeholders and government bodies 
that provide the necessary approvals to proceed. The drilling of the first of three exploration wells is 
expected to commence no earlier than in late calendar 2015.  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – JUNE 18, 2015 

Bengal’s producing assets are predominantly situated in Australia’s Cooper Basin, a region featuring large 
hydrocarbon  pools.  The  Company’s  core  Australian  assets  –  Cuisinier  and  Tookoonooka  –  are  situated 
within an area of the Basin in its infancy in terms of appraisal and development, and Bengal believes these 
assets offer attractive upside potential. Australia features a stable political, fiscal and economic environment 
in which to operate, with a favourable royalty regime for oil and gas production.  

With oil pricing benchmarked to Brent, Bengal’s realized operating netbacks from Australia have averaged 
over C $56.10/bbl for the twelve months ending March 31, 2015. This competitive cost environment coupled 
with  a growing  production  base contributed to the  Company’s positive funds flow from operations through 
fiscal 2015. 

OUTLOOK 

AUSTRALIA  

ATP 752 Barta Block Cuisinier  

The Barta Joint Venture (“JV”) completed Phase Two of the Cuisinier drilling campaign and tied in two of 
four  development  locations  in  June  2015.  The  two  remaining  suspended  wells  as  well  as  several  other 
marginal producers in the field are currently being evaluated as candidates for a 2015 fracture stimulation 
program. Given the current commodity price climate, the primary focus for the Cuisinier production license 
will  be  low  cost  high  yield  development  projects,  such  as  fracture  stimulation  as  well  as  overall  field 
evaluation.  This  field  evaluation  will  result  in  a  development  plan  focused  on  the  continued  expansion  of 
pool boundaries as well as increasing field production by targeting lower risk high productivity locations.  

ATP 732 Tookoonooka Block 

In  Bengal’s  Tookoonooka  permit  (ATP  732  -  WI  50%),  which  is  located  in  the  emerging  East  Flank  oil 
fairway  of  the  Cooper  Basin,  the  Company  is  partnered  with  Beach  Energy  Ltd.  (“Beach”).  Following  the 
ongoing seismic interpretation, the joint venture is expected to identify drilling locations in advance of drilling 
mid-2016.  

ATP 752 Wompi  

The Nubba-1  well,  which encountered multiple oil shows  within the Jurassic, as  well as up to 6 metres of 
Permian Toolachee gas pay is expected to be evaluated late 2015 or early 2016. Pressure testing as well 
logging suggests that this Toolachee gas well could be part of a gas column which may be up to 70 metres 
in  height.  This  suggests  the  prospective  gas  pay  extends  down  dip  of  the  Nubba  well  where  seismic 
indicates  the  Toolachee  section  thickens. With  positive  test  results  a  Petroleum  Production  Lease  will  be 
applied for which will allow long term production to begin. The produced natural gas would likely be pipeline 
connected  to  the  nearest  gas  transmission  line  in  the  area  which  is  approximately  5  kilometres  from  the 
Nubba-1  well.  Wompi  offers  Bengal  moderate  risk  exploration  in  a  well-established,  oil-producing  fairway 
with multi-zone potential.  

6  

 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

SUMMARY 

2015 Annual Report 

Following  up  on  the  Company’s  largest  ever  capital  program,  and  in  response  to  the  currently  uncertain 
commodity  price  environment,  the  primary  focus  of  fiscal  2016  will  be  prudent  capital  investment  and 
thorough analysis of development, appraisal and exploration opportunities.  

The current depressed commodity price environment has caused some competitors to refocus their strategy 
and  operations.  As  a  result,  the  company  expects  a  number  of  production  acquisition  and  other  strategic 
opportunities  to  arise  over  the  next  several  quarters.  Bengal  continues  to  examine  and  evaluate  potential 
opportunities  through  various  industry  and  financial  entities  with  the  objective  of  adding  to  Bengal’s 
production  and  enhancing  shareholder  value.  It  is  not  possible  to  assess  the  likelihood  of  success  in  any 
such endeavor at this time.  

OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS 

$000s except per share, volumes 
and netback amounts 

Three Months Ended 
March 31 

2015 

2014 

         % 
Change 

Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 

2015 

2014 

%  
Change 

Revenue 

Oil 

Natural gas  

Natural gas liquids 

Total 

Royalties 

Realized gain on financial instruments 

% of revenue 

Operating & transportation 
Operating netback(1) 
Funds from (used in) operations:(2) 
Per share ($) (basic & diluted) 

Net income (loss): 

Per share ($) (basic & diluted) 

Adjusted net (loss) earnings: 

Per share ($) (basic & diluted) 

Capital expenditures 
Volumes 

Oil (bpd) 
Natural gas (mcfd) 
Natural gas liquids (boepd) 

Total (boepd @ 6:1) 
Netback(1) ($CDN/boe) 

Revenue 
Realized gain on financial 

instrument 

Royalties 
Operating & transportation 

Operating netback 

$       3,359 

$       5,174 

(35) 

$     15,395 

$     19,480 

23 

(4) 

87 

11 

$       3,378 

$       5,272 

202 

717 
6.0 
1,727 

407 

- 
7.7 
1,496 

$       2,166 

$       3,369 

939 
0.01 

(1,052) 
(0.02) 
(474) 
(0.01) 
$      2,410  $ 

2,218 
0.03 

(1,804) 
(0.03) 
(1,936) 
(0.03) 
2,048 

506 
114 
- 
525 

472 
180 
2 
504 

(74) 

(136) 

(36) 

(50) 

N/A 
(22) 
15 

(36) 

(58) 
(67) 

(42) 
(33) 
(76) 
33 
18 

7 
(37) 
(100) 
4 

246 

28 

274 

68 

$     15,669 

$     19,822 

1,057 

981 
6.7 
6,247 

1,334 

- 
6.7 
5,290 

$     9,256 

$     13,198 

4,589 
0.07 

(3,172) 
(0.05) 
(6,052) 
(0.09) 
13,463 

452 
164 
1 
480 

$ 

$ 

8,183 
0.13 

150 
- 
23 
- 
16,647 

433 
201 
2 
468 

$      71.53  $      116.24 

(39) 

$     89.43 

$     115.94 

15.18 
4.28 
36.57 

- 
8.97 
32.99 
$        45.86  $        74.28 

- 
(52) 
11 

(38) 

5.09 
6.03 
35.65 

- 
7.80 
30.94 

$       52.84 

$       77.20 

(21) 

(10) 

(59) 

(21) 

(21) 

N/A 
- 
18 

(37) 

(43) 
(46) 

N/A 
- 
N/A 
N/A 
(19) 

4 
(18) 
(50) 
3 

(23) 

- 
(23) 
15 

(32) 

(1)  Operating netback is a non-IFRS measure. Netback per boe is calculated by dividing the revenue and costs in total for the 

Company by the total production of the Company measured in boe. 

(2)  Funds from operations is a non-IFRS measure. The comparable IFRS measure is cash from operations. A reconciliation of 

the two measures can be found in the table on page 6. 

(3)  Adjusted  net  earnings  is  a  non-IFRS measure.  The  comparable  IFRS measure  is  net  income.   A  reconciliation  of the  two 

measures can be found in the table on page 7. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Basis of Presentation 

This MD&A and accompanying financial statements and notes are for the twelve months ended March 31, 
2015  and  2014.    The  terms  “current  quarter”  and  “the  quarter”  are  used  throughout  the  MD&A  and  in  all 
cases  refer  to  the  period  from  January  1,  2015  through  March  31,  2015.  The  terms  “prior  year’s  quarter” 
and “2014 quarter” are used throughout the MD&A for comparative purposes and refer to the period from 
January 1, 2014 through March 31, 2014.  

The fiscal year for the Company is the twelve-month period ended March 31, 2015. The terms “fiscal 2015,” 
“current year” and “the year” are used in the MD&A and in all cases refer  to the period from April 1, 2014 
through March 31, 2015. The terms “previous year,” “prior year” and “fiscal 2014” are used in the MD&A for 
comparative  purposes  and  refer  to  the  period  from  April  1,  2013  through  March  31,  2014.  The  term  YTD 
means year-to-date. 

For  the  purpose  of  calculating  unit  costs,  natural  gas  volumes  have  been  converted  to  barrels  of  oil 
equivalent  (“boe”)  using  a  conversion  ratio  of  six  thousand  cubic  feet  (“mcf”)  of  natural  gas  to  one  barrel 
(“bbl”)  of  oil.  This  conversion  ratio  of  6:1  is  based  on  an  energy  equivalency  conversion  for  the  individual 
products, primarily at the burner tip, and is not intended to represent a value equivalency at the wellhead. 
Such disclosure of boe may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation. 

The  following  abbreviations  are  used  in  this  MD&A:  boepd  means  barrels  of  oil  equivalent  per  day;  bpd 
means  barrels  per  day;  mcfd  means  thousand  cubic  feet  of  natural  gas  per  day;  $/boe  means  Canadian 
dollars per boe; and NGL means natural gas liquids. 

Non-IFRS Measurements  

Bengal  uses  measurements  primarily  based  on  IFRS  as  issued  by  the  IASB  and  also  certain  secondary 
non-IFRS  measurements  commonly  used  in  the  oil  and  gas  industry.  The  non-IFRS  measurements 
included  in this Management’s  Discussion and Analysis are funds from operations, funds from operations 
per  share,  adjusted  net  earnings,  adjusted  net  earnings  per  share  and  operating  netbacks  which  do  not 
have any standardized meaning under IFRS and are referred to as non-IFRS measures.  

Operating  netbacks  assists  management  and  investors  to  evaluate  the  specific  operating  performance  of 
the  Company  by  product  and  is  equal  to  total  revenue  less  royalties  and  operating  and  transportation 
expenses  calculated  on  a  boe  basis.  Management  utilizes  these  measures  to  analyze  operating 
performance. Funds from operations is not intended to represent operating profit for the period nor should it 
be  viewed  as  an  alternative  to  operating  profit,  net  income,  cash  from  operations  or  other  measures  of 
financial  performance  calculated  in  accordance  with  IFRS.  Total  boe  is  calculated  by  multiplying  the  daily 
production by the number of days in the period. 

Funds from operations is a non-IFRS measure, which should not be considered an alternative to “Net cash 
from  operating  activities”  and  is  comprised  of  cash  from  operating  activities  as  presented  in  the 
consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  adding  changes  in  non-cash  working  capital  and  the  settlement  of 
decommissioning  liabilities.  Funds  from  operations,  commonly  referred  to  as  cash  flow  by  research 
analysts,  is  used  to  value  and  compare  oil  and  gas  companies  and  is  frequently  included  in  published 
research when providing investment recommendations and is presented in the Company’s’ financial reports 
to  assist  management  and  investors  in  analyzing  the  Company’s  operating  performance.  Funds  from 
operations per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
consistent with the calculation of net income (loss) per share.  

8  

 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

The following table reconciles cash flow from operations to funds flow from operations, which is used in the 
MD&A:  

Three Months Ended 
March 31 

  Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 

$000s 
Cash flow from (used in) operating 

activities 

Changes in non-cash working capital 

Funds from (used in) operations 

2015 

1,031 

(92) 

939 

2014  % Change 

2,106 

112 

2,218 

(51) 

(182) 

(58) 

2015 

6,921 

(2,332) 

4,589 

2014  % Change 

7,591 

592 

8,183 

(9) 

(494) 

(43) 

Adjusted net earnings is a non-IFRS measure, which should not be considered an alternative to “Net (loss) 
income” as presented in the consolidated statement of (loss) / income and comprehensive (loss)/ income is 
presented  in  the  Company’s  financial  reports  to  assist  management  and  investors  in  analyzing  financial 
performance  net  of  gains  and  losses  outside  of  management’s  immediate  control.  Adjusted  net  earnings 
equal net (loss) income less unrealized  losses/gains  on foreign exchange and  unrealized losses/gains on 
financial instruments. Adjusted net earnings per share is calculated based on the weighted average number 
of common shares outstanding consistent with the calculation of net income (loss) per share.  

The following table reconciles net (loss) income to adjusted net (loss) earnings, which is used in the MD&A:  

$000s 

Net (loss) income 

Unrealized gain on financial instruments 

Unrealized foreign exchange loss 

Adjusted net earnings 

Three Months Ended 

Twelve Months Ended 

2015 

2014 

(1,052) 

(1,804) 

(440) 

1,018 

(474) 

- 

(132) 

(1,936) 

March 31 
% 
Change 
(42) 

N/A 

871 

76 

2015 

2014 

(3,172) 

(4,962) 

2,082 

(6,052) 

150 

- 

(127) 

23 

March 31 
%  
Change 
(2,215) 

N/A 

507 

N/A 

RESULTS OF OPERATONS - AUSTRALLIA 

Production, Commodity Pricing and Sales 

The following table outlines Bengal’s production volumes for the periods indicated: 

Oil Production (bopd) 

($000s) 
Oil Sales  
Realized gain on financial 

instrument 

Royalties  
Operating expenses  

Operating netback ($000s) 

Oil Sales ($/bbl) 
Realized gain on financial 

Instrument 
Royalties ($/bbl) 
Operating expenses ($/bbl) 

Operating netback ($/bbl) 

Three Months Ended 

Twelve Months Ended 

2015 

506 

March 31 
2014  % Change 

472 

7 

2015 

452 

March 31 
2014  % Change 

433 

4 

3,359 

5,174 

(35) 

15,395 

19,480 

717 
201 
1,683 

2,192 

- 
396 
1,422 

3,356 

73.08 

121.68 

15.75 
4.42 
36.98 

48.15 

- 
9.31 
33.44 

78.93 

- 
(49) 
18 

(35) 

(39) 

- 
(53) 
11 

(59) 

891 
1,026 
6,014 

9,246 

- 
1,305 
5,049 

13,126 

93.40 

123.31 

5.41 
6.22 
36.49 

56.10 

- 
8.26 
31.96 

83.09 

(21) 

- 
(21) 
19 

(30) 

(24) 

- 
(25) 
14 

(32) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Production 

Production  gains  for  both  the  year  and  quarter  ended  March  31,  2015  are  the  result  of  four  successful 
development wells drilled as part of the 2014 phase 1 drilling campaign which were brought online during 
August and September 2014 adding an incremental 325 bopd of production net to Bengal during Q4 2015. 
These  production  additions  were  partially  offset  by  natural  declines  as  well  as  continued  production 
disruptions  at  the  Cuisinier  6  well,  which  has  been  producing  close  to  100%  water  since  May  2014.  The 
operator completed a work over operation in May 2015 by setting a bridge plug to isolate a potential water 
source below the Murta formation and the well’s potential productivity is being evaluated over the next few 
months.  

Pricing 

The price received for Bengal’s Australian oil sales is based on Dated Brent quotes as published by Platts 
Crude Oil Marketwire for the month in  which the  Bill  of Lading occurs plus a Platts Tapis  premium. Brent 
typically has traded at a premium to West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and the Platts Tapis premium received 
has averaged USD $3.44/bbl over Brent for the twelve months ended March 31, 2015 (2014 – USD $6.34).  

Realized  crude  oil  prices  decreased  by  24%  for  the  year  and  39%  for  the  quarter  ended  March  31,  2015 
relative  to  the  prior  year  and  quarter  due  to  a  respective  20%  and  50%  decrease  in  Benchmarked  Brent 
crude prices. The Company’s oil sales are based on a premium to Brent benchmark pricing denominated in 
US  dollars,  therefore  the  depreciation  in  the  value  of  the  Canadian  dollar  relative  to  the  US  dollar  has 
partially offset the effect of decreased Brent pricing during Q4 2015.  

The following table outlines average benchmark prices compared to Bengal’s realized prices:  

Prices and Marketing 

Three Months Ended 
March 31 

Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 

Average Benchmark Price 

2015 

2014  % Change 

2015 

2014  % Change 

Bengal realized crude oil price 
before realized gain on 
financial instruments 
($CAD/bbl) 

Realized gain on financial 
instrument ($CAD/bbl) 

Bengal realized crude oil price 
including realized gain on 
financial instruments 
($CAD/bbl) 

$    73.80 

121.68 

(39) 

$  93.40  $  

123.31 

           15.75 

- 

N/A 

        5.41 

                 - 

89.55 

121.68 

Dated Brent oil ($CAD/bbl) 

      66.83 

118.81 

Dated Brent oil ($US/bbl) 

      53.97 

108.14 

Number of CAD$ for 1 AUS$  

        0.97 

Number of CAD$ for 1 US$ 

        1.24 

0.99 

1.10 

Risk Management Activities 

(26) 

(44) 

(50) 

(2) 

13 

98.81 

123.31 

97.31 

       112.92 

85.43 

107.54 

0.99 

1.14 

0.98 

1.05 

Bengal has entered into financial commodity contracts as part of its risk management program  to manage 
commodity price fluctuations related to  its primary producing assets being the  Cuisinier field  in  Australia’s 
Cooper Basin.    

With respect to financial contracts, which are derivative financial instruments, management has elected not 
to use hedge accounting and consequently records the fair value of its crude oil financial contracts on the 

10  

(24) 

N/A 

(20) 

(14) 

(21) 

1 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
     
   
 
 
     
   
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

statement  of  financial  position  at  each  reporting  period  with  the  change  in  fair  value  being  classified  as 
unrealized gains and losses in the consolidated statement of income. 

The company has managed the price application to production volumes through the following contracts: 

Time Period 

Type of Contract 

Quantity 

Apr 1, 2015  – May 31, 2017 
Apr 1, 2015 – May 31, 2017 

Oil - Swap 
Oil – Put option 

Contracted (bbls) 
130,252 
106,569 

Price Floor 
(US$/bbl) 

80.00 
80.00 

Price Ceiling 
(US$/bbl) 
80.00 
- 

The  fair  value  of  the  financial  contracts  outstanding  as  at  March  31,  2015  is  an  estimated  asset  of  $5.0 
million.    The  fair  value  of  these  contracts  is  based  on  an  approximation  of  the  amounts  that  would  have 
been paid or received from counterparties to settle the contracts outstanding at the end of the period having 
regard to forward prices and market values provided by independent sources. Due to the inherent volatility 
in commodity prices, actual amounts realized may differ from these estimates.  

For  the  three  and  twelve  months  ended  March  31,  2015,  the  derivative  commodity  contracts  resulted  in 
realized gains of $0.7 million (2014 – $nil) and $0.9 million (2014 - $nil) and unrealized gains of $0.5 million 
(2014 - $nil) and $5.0 million (2014 - $nil).  

Royalties 

Royalties ($000s) 

Royalty Expense 

$/bbl 
% of revenue 

Three Months Ended 

Twelve Months Ended 

March 31 

March 31 

2015 

2014  % Change 

201 

4.42 
6 

396 

8.26 
8 

(49) 

(53) 
(25) 

2015 

1,026 

6.22 
7 

2014 

% Change 

1,305 

8.73 
7 

(21) 

(29) 
- 

In  Australia,  oil  royalties  are  based  on  a  government-established  rate  of  10%  plus  a  Native  Title  royalty 
which  is  typically  1%.  The  royalty  rate  is  applied  to  gross  revenues  after  deducting  an  allowance  for 
transportation and operating costs resulting in an effective rate of less than 10%. 

Royalties have decreased as a percentage of revenue for Q4 2015 compared to Q4 2014 primarily due to 
an  increase  in  allowable  transportation  expenditures  claimed  by  the  operator.    For  the  year  ended  March 
31, 2015 compared to the prior year, royalties have remained consistent as a percentage of revenue.  

Operating & Transportation Expenses 

Operating & trans.       
expenses ($000s) 

Operating  

Transportation  

Operating - $/bbl 
Transp.  - $/bbl 

          Three Months Ended 

Twelve Months Ended 

2015 

303 

1,380 
1,683 

6.66 
30.32 
36.98 

March 31 

2014  % Change 

287 

1,135 
1,422 

6.75 
26.69 
33.44 

6 

22 
18 

(1) 
14 
11 

2015 

1,050 

4,964 
6,014 

6.37 
30.12 
36.49 

March 31 

2014  % Change 

965 

4,084 
5,049 

6.11 
25.85 
31.96 

9 

22 
19 

4 
17 
14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

The  increase  in  operating  and  transportation  costs  for  the  current  year  and  quarter  were  due  primarily  to 
increased production volumes as operating costs per barrel have remained consistent  when compared to 
the prior year and quarter ended March 31, 2014.   

Transportation costs on a boe basis have increased from prior quarter and year ended March 31, 2015 due 
to  commissioning  of  the  Cuisinier  to  Cook  pipeline  and  subsequent  connection  of  this  line  to  the  Cook 
facility and the Cook to Merrimelia pipeline.  This pipeline was used to transport more than 98% of produced 
volumes for both the  quarter and  year ended March  31, 2015. These pipeline costs are marginally higher 
than trucking costs; however connecting Cuisinier oil from wellhead to tanker has increased deliverability.  

RESULTS OF OPERATONS - CANADA 

Canadian Operating Results 

Three Months Ended 

  Twelve Months Ended 

Natural Gas Sales  ($000s) 
Production(mcf/d) 
Realized commodity prices ($/mcf) 
NGL Sales ($000s) 
Production(bbl/d) 
Realized commodity prices ($/bbl) 
Royalties ($000s) 
($/boe) 
Operating expenses ($000s) 
($/boe) 
Operating Netback  ($000s) 

($/boe) 

2015 

23 
114 
2.23 
- 
- 
N/A 
1 
0.58 
44 
25.73 
(26) 

(15.20) 

March 31 

March 31 

2014  % Change 

2015 

2014  % Change 

87 
180 
5.38 
11 
2 
79.14 
11 
2.21 
71 
18.56 
16 

5.56 

(74) 
(37) 
(59) 
N/A 
N/A 
N/A 
(91) 
(74) 
(38) 
39 
(263) 

(373) 

246 
164 
4.10 
28 
1 
70.89 
31 
2.98 
233 
22.42 
10 

0.96 

274 
201 
3.74 
68 
2 
87.29 
29 
3.82 
241 
26.13 
72 

5.48 

(10) 
(18) 
10 
(59) 
(50) 
(19) 
7 
34 
(3) 
21 
(86) 

(83) 

Canadian operations are comprised entirely of the Company’s non-operated Oak natural gas field in British 
Columbia.    This  asset  is  considered  non-core  and  therefore  no  significant  expenditures  were  allocated  to 
the  Oak  field  in  fiscal  2015,  however  decrease  benchmark  natural  gas  prices  resulted  in  decreased 
profitability for the asset.   

General and Administrative (G&A) Expenses and Share Based Compensation (“SBC”) 

G&A Expenses and SBC ($000s) 

Three Months Ended 

   Twelve Months Ended 

Net G&A 
Capitalized G&A 

Total G&A 
$/boe 

Expensed share-based compensation 

Capitalized share-based compensation 

Total share-based compensation 

March 31 

March 31 

2015 
901 
83 

984 
20.84 

23 

4 

27 

2014  % Change 
(25) 
1,197 
(36) 
130 

1,327 
31.21 

90 

28 

118 

(26) 
(33) 

(74) 

(86) 

(77) 

2015 
3,407 
373 

3,780 
22.93 

170 

40 

210 

2014  % Change 
(11) 
(11) 

3,822 
421 

4,243 
24.82 

498 

152 

650 

(11) 
(8) 

(66) 

(74) 

(68) 

The  11%  decrease  in  total  cash  G&A  expenditures  for  the  year  reflects  management’s  ongoing  efforts  to 
reduce  discretionary  spending  and  the  elimination  of  certain  one-time  severance  expenditures.    These 
targeted  efforts to reduce  G&A costs are fully reflected  in the current quarter’s  total cash G&A  which has 
decreased by 26% compared to Q4 2014.  

Bengal  accounts  for  its  share-based  compensation  plan  using  the  fair  value  method.  Under  this  method, 
each  grant  results  in  three  instalments.  The  fair  value  of  the  first  instalment  is  charged  to  profit  or  loss 
immediately. The remaining two instalments are charged to profit or loss over their respective vesting period 

12  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

of one and two years respectively. For options that vest one-third each year after the first year anniversary, 
the fair value of the options are charged to profit and loss over the three year vesting period. Stock options 
granted  under  the  plan  can  be  exercised  on  a  cashless  basis,  whereby  the  employee  receives  a  lesser 
amount of shares in lieu of paying the exercise price based on the deemed market price of the shares on 
the exercise date, and withholding taxes if the employee so elects. 

Depletion and Depreciation (DD&A) 

DD&A Expenses  
($000s) 

Three Months Ended  
March 31  

Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 

PNG – Australia 
PNG – Canada 
Subtotal 
Rig - Canada 

Total 

$/boe – PNG Australia 
$/boe – PNG Canada 
$/boe – Total PNG 

2015 

1,161 
150 
1,311 
- 

1,311 

25.51 
87.72 
27.76 

2014  % Change 

2015 

2014  % Change 

1,253 
21 
1,274 
- 

1,274 

29.47 
7.42 
28.09 

(7) 
614 
3 
              -  

3 

(13) 
1,082 
(1) 

4,623 
413 
5,036 
330 

5,162 

28.05 
53.86 
29.46 

4,434 
97 
4,531 
- 

4,531 

28.07 
7.47 
26.50 

4 
115 
9 
- 

15 

- 
594 
11 

Depletion  per  boe  in  Australia  has  remained  consistent  with  the  prior  year  and  quarter  ended  March  31, 
2015  as  significant  increases  to  proved  plus  probable  reserve  volumes  were  complemented  by  a 
corresponding increase to expected future development costs.   

The drilling rig is fully impaired; therefore there is no depreciation charge.   

Impairment   

Impairment  
($000s) 

Total 

Three Months Ended  
March 31 

Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 

2015 

- 

2014  % Change 

2,111 

N/A 

2015 

4,762 

2014  % Change 

3,101 

54 

As at December 31, 2014, the Company recognized the significant decrease in market crude prices and the 
excess of drilling rigs in  the local and  international market as an indicator of impairment for its drilling rig.  
The  Company  evaluated  current  drilling  activity  and  rig  sale  activity  both  locally  in  Australia  and 
internationally  to  determine  that  under  current  market  conditions  its  drilling  rig  should  be  fully  impaired  at 
December 31, 2014.   

During  June  2014,  the  Koki-1  exploration  well  was  drilled  to  a  vertical  depth  of  2,573  meters  and  did  not 
encounter  the  targeted  Murta  DC70  reservoir.    Its  secondary  target  indicated  minor,  non-commercial  oil 
shows  and  it  was  agreed  to  suspend  and  abandon  this  well.  Based  on  these  results,  the  Company  has 
recorded an impairment charge of $0.8 million equal to its share of drilling costs associated with this well.    

During  December  2014,  Bengal  drilled  the  Wicho  East  exploration  well  primarily  targeting  the  deeper 
Jurassic  Hutton  horizon.  This  well  failed  to  intersect  a  commercial  hydrocarbon  accumulation  and  was 
plugged  and  abandoned  during  the  quarter.  Based  on  these  results,  the  Company  has  recorded  an 
impairment charge of $0.8 million equal to its share of drilling costs associated with this well.    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Finance Income/Expenses 

Finance Expenses ($000s) 

Interest income 
Accretion expense on  

decommissioning liabilities 

Accretion expense on notes payable 
Change in fair value of VARs 
Fee on bank guarantee 
Letter of credit charges 
Interest and prepayment penalties 
on notes payable & credit facility 

Finance expenses 

  Three Months Ended 
March 31 
2014  % Change 
                 - 

           5 

2015 
            18 

2015 
              5 

Twelve Months Ended 
March 31 
% Change 

2014 
            74  

          (76) 

(4) 
- 
7 
(55) 
(32) 

(342) 

(421) 

(19) 
(51) 
64 
(72) 
- 

(219) 

(292) 

(79) 
(100) 
            (89) 
(41) 
N/A 

(15) 
(507) 
58 
(55) 
(32) 

56 

44 

(1,212) 

(1,745) 

(8) 
(216) 
123 
(72) 
- 

(756) 

(855) 

88 
135 
(53) 
(41) 
N/A 

60 

104 

The Performance Security  Guarantee fee is  paid to  Export Development Canada and ICICI Bank of India 
for security guarantee for onshore India  work programs, to be cancelled on completion  or relinquishment. 
The increased fee is a result of the budgeted 2015 work program. 

Interest  expenses  are  comprised  of  $0.7  million  of  interest  and  prepayment  penalties  on  notes  payable, 
$0.3  million  of  interest  on  the  Company’s  credit  facility,  and  $0.2  million  related  to  non-cash  accretion  of 
debt instruments.  The Company paid a 3% penalty on the remaining $7.5 million outstanding in addition to 
interest otherwise accrued on its July 2014 $8.0 million notes payable. 

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES 

Capital Expenditures ($000s) 

Three Months Ended 

Twelve Months Ended 

Geological and geophysical 
Drilling 
Rig 
Completions 
Cuisinier working interest purchase 
Total oil & gas expenditures  
Office 
Total expenditures  

Exploration & evaluation          
  expenditures 
Development & production    
  expenditures 
Property, plant & equipment 
Total net expenditures 

March 31 

March 31 

2014  % Change 

2015 

2014  % Change 

708 
389 
371 
376 
204 
2,048 
           - 
2,048 

(55) 
345 
(100) 
(5) 
(100) 
18 
        - 
18 

1,276 
8,458 
- 
3,729 
- 
13,463 
- 
13,463 

3,137 
2,601 
371 
3,574 
6,964 
16,647 
              - 
16,647 

(59) 
225 
(100) 
4 
(100) 
(19) 
               - 
(19) 

2015 

320 
1,732 
- 
358 
- 
2,410 
- 
2,410 

267 

672 

(60) 

3,189 

1,963 

63 

2,143 
- 
2,410 

1,005 
371 
2,048 

113 
(100) 
18 

10,247 
- 
13,463 

14,313 
371 
16,647 

(28) 
(100) 
(19) 

During the year, the Company drilled, completed and tied in all wells from its 2014 phase 1 drilling program, 
as well as completed drilling and most completion work associated with the 2014 phase 2 drilling program.  
These successful well costs, as well as the drilling costs associated with two unsuccessful exploration wells 
(Koki, Wicho  East)  and  one  successful  exploration  well  (Nubba-1)  accounts  for  all  drilling  and  completion 
costs incurred during the quarter and year ended March 31, 2015.     

Geological and geophysical costs relate primarily to the ongoing review and interpretation of seismic studies 
on the ATP 752 exploration permit supporting exploration drilling in Barta and Wompi.   

14  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

NOTES PAYABLE & CREDIT FACILITY 

On January 24, 2014, $1.75 million of convertible notes set to expire on January 25, 2014 were extended to 
January 24, 2015.  These notes were redeemed on January 21, 2015 for a redemption price of $2.0 million 
including principal and accrued and unpaid interest. Approximately $0.8 million of the aggregate was paid in 
cash, and certain holders of the remaining $0.9 million of aggregate principal received the redemption price 
through the issuance of common shares of the Company at a price of $0.28 per common share in lieu of 
cash. 

In October 5, 2014, the Company repaid $500,000 of outstanding principal of its $8.0 million notes issued 
July 5, 2013. In November 2014, the Company redeemed the remaining principal of $7,500,000 for an early 
redemption  price  equal  to  $1.03  per  $1.00  (booked  as  interest  expense)  of  outstanding  principal  amount 
plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon.  

In October 2014, Bengal closed its US $25 million secured credit facility with Westpac Institutional Bank and 
placed an initial draw on November 12, 2014 of US $14.0 million. The facility is secured by the Company’s 
producing  assets  in  the  Cuisinier  field  in  Australia’s  Cooper  Basin,  has  a  three-year  term  and  carries  an 
interest  rate  of  US  Libor  plus  3.2%  to  3.5%  depending  on  certain  reserve  forecast  parameters.  Current 
interest rate is 3.2%.  

The  credit  facility  is  structured  as  a  reserves  based  revolving  facility  under  a  predetermined  reduction 
schedule,  to  be  evaluated  based  on  existing  reserves  at  each  calculation  date.  Calculation  dates 
commence December 31, 2015 and occur every six months thereafter until June 30, 2017 with a nominal 
reduction  of  $6.25  million  to  the  facility  limit  at  each  calculation  date  based  on  the  Company’s  existing 
reserve profile. The facility limit at March 31, 2015 is US $25 million.  

The  credit  facility’s  covenants  extend  only  to  the  Company’s  ability  to  secure  its  debt  as  a  percentage  of 
reserve  forecasts  to  be  evaluated  at  each  calculation  date.  There  are  no  financial  covenants  associated 
with this credit facility.    

SHARE CAPITAL 

Bengal has an unlimited number of common shares authorized for issuance. At  June 13, 2015, there were 
68,177,796  common  shares  issued  and  outstanding,  3,495,000  employee  stock  options  outstanding, 
703,125 warrants outstanding and 546,875 VARs outstanding. 

Trading History  

          Three Months Ended 

       Twelve Months Ended 

March 31 

March 31 

2015 

2014  % Change 

2015 

2014  % Change 

High 
Low 
Close 
Volume (000s) 

Shares outstanding (000s) 
Weighted average shares 

outstanding (000s) 

  Basic  
      Diluted 

  $      0.32 
  $      0.18 
  $      0.19 
2,759 

$  
$  
$  

0.62 
0.40 
0.48 
6,621 

(48) 
(55) 
(60) 
(58) 

  $    0.76 
  $    0.18 
  $    0.19 
  11,611 

0.79 
  $   0.40 
  $   0.48 
    10,323 

  68,178 

  64,667 

5 

  68,178 

    64,667 

  67,364 
  67,364 

  64,446 
  64,446 

5 
5 

  65,349 
  65,349 

    63,134 
    63,209 

(4) 
(55) 
(60) 
12 

5 

4 
3 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES  

At March 31, 2015 the Company had $5.2 million of working capital, including cash and short-term deposits 
of $1.7 million and restricted cash of $0.1 million, compared to working capital of $3.1 million, including cash 
and short term deposits of $6.0 million and restricted cash of $0.1 million at March 31, 2014.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

In October 2014, Bengal closed its US $25 million secured credit facility with Westpac Institutional Bank and 
placed an initial draw on November 12, 2014 of US $14.0 million.  The facility is secured by and available 
for the Company’s producing assets in the Cuisinier field in Australia’s Cooper Basin, has a three-year term 
and  carries  an  interest  rate  of  US  Libor  plus  3.2%  to  3.5%  depending  on  certain  reserve  forecast 
parameters.  In  the  year  ended  March  31,  2015,  $0.3  million  has  been  charged  to  financing  expenses 
related to interest on the credit facility.  

The  credit  facility  is  structured  as  a  reserves  based  revolving  facility  under  a  predetermined  reduction 
schedule,  to  be  evaluated  based  on  existing  reserves  at  each  calculation  date.  Calculation  dates 
commence December 31, 2015 and occur every six months thereafter until June 30, 2017 with a nominal 
reduction  of  $6.25  million  to  the  facility  limit  at  each  calculation  date  based  on  the  Company’s  existing 
reserve profile.  

The  credit  facility’s  covenants  extend  only  to  the  Company’s  ability  to  secure  its  debt  as  a  percentage  of 
reserve forecasts to be evaluated at each calculation date.   

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  Company  will  not  be  able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations,  including  work 
commitments,  as  they  are  due.  The  Company’s  existing  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  operating  cash 
flows  supplemented  by  funds  undrawn  funds  on  its  US  $25  million  credit  facility  available  for  use  in  the 
Cuisinier  field  are  expected  to  be  sufficient  to  meet  all  of  its  working  capital  requirements  for  at  least  the 
next twelve months and its commitments under its capital program (see Commitments below).    

The  Company  expects  cash  generation  to  increase  throughout  the  coming  year  as  production  from 
Cuisinier  ramps  up,  although  predicting  future  events,  some  of  which  are  beyond  the  Company’s  control, 
carries uncertainty.  

COMMITMENTS 

Pursuant  to  current  production  sharing  contracts  (“PSC”),  the  Company  is  required  to  perform  minimum 
exploration activities in its Indian permits that include various types of surveys, acquisition and processing 
of seismic data and drilling of exploration wells. Additional commitments are reflected where the Company 
has agreed with joint venture partners to proceed with activities (e.g. onshore Australia ATP 752 Cuisinier). 
The  costs  of  these  activities  are  based  on  minimum  work  budgets  included  in  bid  documents  and 
agreements among joint venture parties, and have not been provided for in the financial statements. Actual 
costs will vary from budget.   

Country and Permit 

Work Program 

Obligation Period 
Ending 

Estimated Expenditure 
(net) (millions CAD$)(1) 

Onshore India – CY-ONN-
2005/1 

3 wells 

Currently under Force 
Majeure(2) 

$ 5.3 

(1)  Translated at March 31, 2015 at an exchange rate of US $1.0000 = CAD $1.2642 
(2) 

If  the  Company  did  not  participate  in  the  drilling  of  3  wells,  costs  of  $5.2  million  would  be  impaired  and  the  Company’s 
interest in the permit would decline.  

GUARANTEES – INDIA PERMITS 

($000s) CAD 

CY-OSN-2005/1 – Onshore India  
CY-OSN-2009/1 – Offshore India 
Total Guarantees 

Year Ended 
March 31, 2015 
914 
- 
914 

Year ended  
March 31, 2014 
1,570 
166 
$        1,736 

These performance guarantees are based on a percentage of the capital commitments shown in the table 
above  and  are  not  reflected  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  as  they  are  secured  by  Export 

16  

 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

Development  Canada.  These  guarantees  are  cancelled  when  the  Company  completes  the  work  program 
commitment required for the applicable exploration period. 

OTHER 

At March 31, 2015, the contractual obligations for which the Company is responsible are as follows: 

Contractual Obligations ($000s) 

Office lease 
Decommissioning obligations 

Total 

595 
1,454 

Less than  
1 Year 
263 
- 

  $ 

1-3 
Years 
332 
56 

4-5 
Years 
- 
 116 

After  
5 Years 

   $        − 

1,282 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Total contractual obligations 

  $ 

2,049 

  $ 

263 

  $ 

388 

  $ 

116 

  $    1,282 

CONTINGENCIES  

Effective March 1, 2015 ATP 934 has been granted for a period of 12 years comprised of 3, 4 year terms. In 
the  first  four  year  work  program  Bengal  is  committed  to  capital  spending  of  approximately  $22.6  million 
dollars (net $11.3 million) dedicated to acquisition of new 2D and 3D seismic as well as  drilling of up to 8 
new  wells. Bengal  has  made  application  to  the  Queensland  Government  for  a  smaller  work  program  to 
reflect geographical conditions that may preclude surface access to parts of ATP 934. 

Country and Permit 

Work Program 

Obligation Period 
Ending 

Estimated Expenditure 
(net) (millions CAD$) 

Onshore Australia – 
ATP 934P 

Awaiting Ministerial approval before 
granting of ATP 

4 years after grant of ATP 

$ 11.3 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

On  July  5,  2013,  the  Company  issued  $8.0  million  of  10%  non-convertible  notes  with  warrants  or  value 
appreciation rights. Members of the Board of Directors of the Company subscribed for approximately 44% 
of  the  principal  amount  of  the  notes  issued  pursuant  to  the  private  placement.  In  October  2014,  the 
Company  repaid  $500,000  of  outstanding  principal  of  notes  issued  July  5,  2013  (“Notes”).  In  November 
2014,  the  Company  redeemed  the  remaining  Notes  for  a  redemption  price  equal  to  $1.03  per  $1.00  of 
outstanding principal amount plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon. 

On January 24, 2014 the Company extended its $1.75 million notes payable to January 23, 2015. Members 
of the Board of Directors of the Company held 100% of this facility. 

On January 21, 2015, the Company repaid the $1.75 million notes payable, together with accrued interest. 
Two  directors  were  issued  3,485,714  shares  of  the  Company  valued  at  $0.28  per  share  in  lieu  of  a  cash 
settlement of $976,000. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Effective April 1, 2015 Bengal acquired an additional 30% working interest in ATP 934 from one of its Joint 
Venture  partners  for  a  total  acquisition  price  of  $0.1  million.  This  acquisition  is  subject  to  ministerial 
approval.    The  remaining  joint  venture  partner,  effective  June  19,  2015  exercised  its  option  to  purchase 
8.6% of this interest; therefore Bengal’s current working interest is 71.4%. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

OFF BALANCE SHEET TRANSACTIONS  

The Company does not have any off balance sheet transactions. 

SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

($000s except per share data and prices) 
Year Ended March 31 

Total production volumes (boepd) 

Natural gas prices ($/mcf) 

Oil and liquids prices ($/boe) 

Total production revenue 

Net income (loss) 

Per share – basic and diluted 

Cash from operations 
Funds from operations (1) 

Per share – basic and diluted 

Balance drawn on credit facility 

Notes payable – long term 

Total assets 
Working capital (deficiency)(2) 

2015 

480 

4.10 

93.35 

15,669 

(3,172) 

(0.05) 

6,921 

4,589 

0.07 

16,982 

- 

65,679 

5,221 

2014 

468 

3.74 

123.13 

19,822 

150 

0.00 

7,591 

8,183 

0.13 

- 

6,085 

62,425 

3,104 

2013 

170 

2.61 

112.01 

5,885 

(1,799) 

(0.03) 
(703) 

1,099 

0.02 

- 

- 

49.143 

(1,647) 

(1)  See “Non-IFRS Measurements” on page 6 of this MD&A. 
(2)  Calculated as current assets minus current liabilities. 

SELECTED QUARTERLY INFORMATION 

(000s, except per share amounts) 

Mar 31 
2015 

Dec. 31 
2014 

Sep. 30 
2014 

Jun. 30 
2014 

Mar 31 
2014 

Dec. 31 
2013 

Sep. 30 
2013 

Jun. 30 
2013 

Petroleum and 

natural gas sales 

$  3,378 

$3,944 

$4,458 

$3,889 

$  5,272 

 $  5,516 

 $  5,312 

 $  3,722 

Cash from  
(used in) 
operations 

Funds from (used in) 

operations(1) 
Per share 
Basic and diluted 
Net (loss) income  
Per share 

Basic and diluted 
Capital expenditures 
Working capital 
  (deficiency) 
Total assets 
Shares outstanding 
Basic and diluted 

Operations 
Average daily 
production 
Natural gas (mcfd) 
Oil and NGLs 

(bbls/d) 

Combined (boepd) 

1,031 

1,144 

2,232 

2,219 

2,106 

 2,170 

2,066 

1,249 

939 

1,318 

1,459 

926 

2,218 

2,862 

2,063 

1,732 

0.01 
$(1,052) 

0.02 
$(1,293) 

0.02 
$(98) 

0.01 
$(729) 

0.03 
$(1,804) 

 0.04 
$    573 

0.03 
 $     545 

0.03 
$   836 

(0.02) 
2,410 

5,221 
65,679 

(0.02) 
$4,489 

4,931 
66,229 

0.00 
$2,909 

$(0.01) 
$3,655 

(0.03) 
$  2,048 

0.01 
$ 6,462 

0.01 
 $  2,702 

0.01 
      5,435 

(1,705) 
60,385 

(88) 
60,216 

3,104 
62,425 

3,590 
61,353 

7,737 
62,361 

(279) 
54,556 

68,178 

64,692 

64,692 

64,692 

64,446 

64,315 

64,315 

61,611 

114 

506 
525 

181 

548 
578 

169 

429 
457 

194 

329 
361 

180 

474 
504 

184 

465 
496      

200 

485 
518 

240 

316 
356 

Netback ($/boe) 

45.86 

$36.79 

$65.05 

$73.15 

$  74.28 

$   83.13  

 $  72.51 

$  79.82 

18  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

(1)  See “Non-IFRS Measurements” on page 7 of this MD&A. The bottom line of this table pops out showing a hefty decline in 

netback from the December quarter perhaps we should explain this in the text.  

Oil volumes increased through the first three quarters of fiscal 2015 as wells from the Cuisinier 2014 phase 
1  development  program  came  on  stream.    By  the  fourth  quarter  of  2015,  natural  declines  decreased 
production volumes compared to the prior quarter.  

Netbacks and associated operating results decreased in the third and fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 due to a 
significant decrease in benchmark crude oil prices.  

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Financial  instruments  comprise  cash,  restricted  cash  and  short  term  deposits,  accounts  receivable  and 
accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  and  debt.  The  fair  values  of  these  financial  instruments 
approximate their carrying amounts due to their short-term maturities. 

The Company is exposed to market risks resulting from fluctuations in commodity prices, foreign exchange 
rates and interest rates in the normal course of operations. A variety of derivative instruments may be used 
by  the  Company  to  reduce  its  exposure  to  fluctuations  in  commodity  prices,  foreign  exchange  rates  and 
interest rates. The Company does not use derivative instruments at this time. 

Financial assets and liabilities are classified as either financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit 
and loss (“FVTPL”), loans and receivables, held to maturity investments, available for sale financial assets, 
or other liabilities, as appropriate. Financial assets and liabilities are recognized initially at fair value. 

Subsequent  measurement  of  financial  instruments  is  based  on  their  initial  classification.  FVTPL  financial 
assets and liabilities are measured at fair value and changes in fair value are recognized in profit or loss. 
Available-for-sale  financial  instruments  are  measured  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  fair  value  recorded  in 
other  comprehensive  loss  until  the  instrument  is  derecognized  or  impaired.  The  remaining  categories  of 
financial instruments are recognized at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. 

The transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of a financial asset or financial 
liability classified as FVTPL are expensed immediately. For a financial asset or financial liability carried at 
amortized cost, transaction costs directly attributable to acquiring or issuing the asset or liability are added 
to or deducted from the fair value on initial recognition and amortized through profit or loss income over the 
term of the financial instrument. 
(i) Non-derivative financial instruments 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash  as  well  as  accounts  receivable  are  classified  as  loans  and 
receivables, which are measured at amortized cost. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, notes payable 
and the credit facility are classified as other financial liabilities, which are measured at amortized cost. 

(ii) Derivative financial instruments 

The Company enters into certain financial derivative contracts in order to manage the exposure to market 
risks  from  fluctuations  in  commodity  prices.  These  instruments  are  not  used  for  trading  or  speculative 
purposes.  The  Company  does  not  designate  its  financial  derivative  contracts  as  effective  accounting 
hedges and therefore will not apply hedge accounting, even though the Company considers all commodity 
contracts  to  be  economic  hedges.  As  a  result,  all  derivative  contracts  are  classified  as  FVTPL  and  are 
recorded  on  the  statement  of  financial  position  at  fair  value.  Transaction  costs  are  recognized  in  profit  or 
loss when incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives  are measured at fair value, and changes 
therein will be recognized immediately in profit or loss. 

The  Company  may  enter  into  physical  delivery  sales  contracts  for  the  purposes  of  receipt  or  delivery  of 
nonfinancial  items  in  accordance  with  its  expected  purchase,  sale  or  usage  requirements  as  executory 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

contracts. As such, these contracts are not considered to be derivative financial instruments and will not be 
recorded  at  fair  value  on  the  statement  of  financial  position.  Settlements  on  these  physical  delivery 
contracts will be recognized in petroleum and natural gas revenue in the period of settlement. 

Fair value 

The fair value of financial instruments that are actively traded in organized financial markets is determined 
by reference to quoted market bid prices at the valuation date. For financial instruments that have no active 
market, fair value is determined using valuation techniques including the use of recent arm’s length market 
transactions, reference to the current market value of equivalent financial instruments and discounted cash 
flow analysis. 

Share capital 

Common  shares  are  classified  as  equity.  Incremental  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  common 
shares and stock options are recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS & PROCEDURES AND INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL 
REPORTING (ICFR) 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required 
to be disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it 
under  securities  legislation  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified  in  the  securities  legislation  and  includes  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that 
information required to be disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed 
or submitted under securities legislation is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, 
including its certifying officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  

The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  oversee  this  evaluation  process  and  have 
concluded that the design and operation of these disclosure controls and procedures are not effective due 
to the material weaknesses identified in internal controls over financial reporting as noted below. The Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have individually signed certifications to this effect. 

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 

The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Bengal  are  responsible  for  designing  and 
ensuring the operating effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting (“ICFR”) or causing them to 
be  designed  and  operating  effectively  under  their  supervision  in  order  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external 
purposes  in  accordance  with  IFRS.  Bengal’s  certifying  officers  have  assessed  the  design  and  operating 
effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting and concluded that the Company’s ICFR were not 
effective at March 31, 2015 due to the material weaknesses noted below.  

No changes in internal controls over financial reporting were identified during the period that have materially 
affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.  

While Bengal’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer believe the Company’s internal controls 
and  procedures  provide  a  reasonable  level  of  assurance  that  they  are  reliable,  an  internal  control  system 
cannot prevent all errors and fraud. It is management’s belief that any control system, no matter how well 
conceived  or  operated,  can  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute,  assurance  that  the  objectives  of  the 
control system are met.  

20  

 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

During the design and operating effectiveness assessment certain material weaknesses in internal controls 
over financial reporting were identified, as follows: 

  Management  is  aware  that  there  is  a  lack  of  segregation  of  duties  due  to  the  small  number  of 
employees  dealing  with  general  and  administrative  and  financial  matters.  However,  management 
believes that at this time the potential benefits of adding employees to clearly segregate duties do 
not justify the costs; 

  Bengal does not have full-time in-house personnel to address all complex and non-routine financial 
accounting issues and tax matters that may arise. It is not deemed as economically feasible at this 
time to have such personnel. Bengal relies on external experts for review and advice on complex 
financial  accounting  issues  and  for  tax  planning,  tax  provision  and  compilation  of  corporate  tax 
returns. 

These material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting result in a reasonable possibility that 
a material misstatement will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management and the Board of 
Directors  work to mitigate the risk of material misstatement; however, Management and the  Board do not 
have reasonable assurance that this risk can be reduced to a remote likelihood of a material misstatement. 

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 

The timely preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities 
and  income  and  expenses.  Accordingly,  actual  results  may  differ  from  these  estimates.  Estimates  and 
underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting  estimates  are 
recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. Significant 
estimates  and  judgments  made  by  management  in  the  preparation  of  these  financial  statements  are  out-
lined below. 

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies 

The timely preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities 
and  income  and  expenses.  Accordingly,  actual  results  may  differ  from  these  estimates.  Estimates  and 
underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting  estimates  are 
recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. Significant 
estimates  and  judgments  made  by  management  in  the  preparation  of  these  financial  statements  are  out-
lined below. 

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies 

The  following  are  the  critical  judgments,  apart  from  those  involving  estimations  (see  below),  that 
management  has  made  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Company’s  accounting  policies  and  that  have  the 
most significant effect on the amounts recognized in these financial statements. 

i. 

Identification of Cash-generating Units 

Bengal’s assets are aggregated into cash-generating units, for the purpose of calculating impairment, based 
on  their  ability  to  generate  largely  independent  cash  flows.  By  their  nature,  these  estimates  and 
assumptions are subject to measurement uncertainty and may impact the carrying value of the Company's 
assets in future periods. 

 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

ii. 

Impairment Indicators 

Judgments are required to assess when impairment indicators exist and impairment testing is required. The 
application  of  the  Company’s  accounting  policy  for  exploration  and  evaluation,  petroleum  and  natural  gas 
properties  and  PP&E  assets  required  management  to  make  certain  judgments  as  to  future  events  and 
circumstances as to whether economic quantities of reserves have been found. 

Key Sources of uncertainty 

The following are the key  assumptions concerning  the sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the 
reporting  period  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  adjustments  to  the  carrying  amounts  of  the  assets 
and liabilities. 

i) 

Decommissioning provisions 

The  Company  estimates  future  remediation  costs  of  production  facilities,  wells  and  pipelines  at  different 
stages of development and construction of assets or facilities. In most instances, removal of assets occurs 
many years into the future. This requires judgment regarding abandonment date, future environmental and 
regulatory legislation, the extent of reclamation activities, the engineering methodology for estimating cost, 
future removal technologies in determining the removal cost and liability-specific discount rates to determine 
the present value of these cash flows. 

ii) 

Impairment of petroleum and natural gas assets 

For the purposes of determining whether impairment of petroleum and natural gas assets occurred, and the 
extent of any impairment or its reversal, the key assumptions the Company uses in estimating future cash 
flows  are  future  petroleum  and  natural  gas  prices,  expected  production  volumes  and  anticipated 
recoverable quantities of proved and probable reserves. These assumptions are subject to change as new 
information becomes available. Changes in  economic conditions can  also  affect the rate used  to discount 
future cash flow estimates. Changes in the aforementioned assumptions could affect the carrying amount of 
assets, and impairment charges and reversal will affect profit or loss. 

iii) 

Income taxes 

Tax  provisions  are  based  on  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  laws.  Changes  in  those  laws  could  affect 
amounts  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  both  in  the  period  of  change,  which  would  include  any  impact  on 
cumulative provisions, and in future periods. Deferred tax assets (if any) are recognized only to the extent it 
is considered probable that those  assets will be recoverable. This involves an  assessment of when  those 
deferred tax assets are likely to reverse and a judgment as to whether or not there will be sufficient taxable 
profits available to offset the tax assets when they do reverse. This requires assumptions regarding future 
profitability  and  is  therefore  inherently  uncertain.  To  the  extent  assumptions  regarding  future  profitability 
change, there can be an increase or decrease in the amounts recognized in respect of deferred tax assets 
as well as the amounts recognized in profit or loss in the period which the change occurs. 

iv) 

Reserves 

The estimate of petroleum and natural gas reserves is integral to the calculation of the amount of depletion 
charged  to  the  statement  of  operations  and  is  also  a  key  determinant  in  assessing  whether  the  carrying 
value of any of the Company’s development and production assets has been impaired. Changes in reported 
reserves can impact asset carrying values due to changes in expected future cash flows.  

The Company’s reserves are evaluated and reported on by independent reserve engineers at least annually 
in accordance with Canadian Securities Administrators’ National Instrument 51-101. Reserve estimation is 
based on a variety of factors including engineering data, geological and geophysical data, projected future 
rates  of  production,  commodity  pricing  and  timing  of  future  expenditures,  all  of  which  are  subject  to 
significant judgment and interpretation.  
22  

 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

v) 

Share-based payments 

The Company measures the cost of its share-based payments to directors, officers, employees and certain 
consultants by reference to the fair  value  of the  equity  instruments at the  date  at  which they are granted. 
The assumptions used in determining fair value include: expected lives of options, risk-free rates of return, 
share price volatility and the estimated forfeiture rate. Changes to assumptions may have a material impact 
on the amounts presented. 

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND PRONOUNCEMENTS 

The  following  new  accounting  policies  were  adopted  as  at  April  1,  2014,  both  of  which  were  applied 
retrospectively:  

The  IASB  issued  International  Financial  Reporting  Interpretations  Committee  Interpretation  ("IFRIC")  21, 
“Levies”  which  was  adopted  by  the  Company  on  April  1,  2014.  The  IFRIC  clarifies  that  an  entity  should 
recognize  a  liability  for  a  levy  when  the  activity  that  triggers  payment  occurs.  The  adoption  of  this 
interpretation had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.  

IAS 32, “Financial Instruments: Presentation”, which clarifies the requirements for offsetting financial assets 
and liabilities. The amendments clarify when an entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and certain 
other requirements that are necessary to present a net financial asset or liability. There was no impact on 
the Company’s consolidated financial statements on adoption of this standard. 

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted:  

Standards that are issued but not yet effective and that the Company reasonably expects to be applicable 
at a future date are listed below. 

Accounting for acquisitions of interests in joint operations 

In May 2014, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 11 “Joint Arrangements” to clarify that the acquirer of 
an  interest  in  a  joint  operation  in  which  the  activity  constitutes  a  business  is  required  to  apply  all  of  the 
principles of business combinations accounting in IFRS 3 “Business Combinations”. Prospective application 
of  this  interpretation  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2016,  with  earlier 
application  permitted.  The  adoption  of  this  amendment  could  impact  the  Company  in  the  event  that  it 
increases or decreases its ownership share in an existing joint operation or invests in a new joint operation. 

Sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture 

In September 2014, the IASB issued amendments to address an inconsistency between the requirements 
in IFRS 10 “Consolidated Financial Statements” and those in IAS 28 “Investments in Associates and Joint 
Ventures” regarding the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture. 
The  amendment  clarified  that  a  full  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  when  a  transaction  involves  a  business.  A 
partial  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  when  a  transaction  involves  assets  that  do  not  constitute  a  business. 
Prospective application of this interpretation is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 
2016, with earlier application permitted. The adoption of this amendment could impact the Company in the 
event that it has transactions with associates or joint ventures. 

Disclosure initiative 

In  December  2014,  the  IASB  issued  narrow-focus  amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial 
Statements”  to  clarify  existing  requirements  relating  to  materiality,  order  of  notes,  subtotals,  accounting 
policies and disaggregation. Retrospective application of this standard is effective for fiscal years beginning 
on or after January 1, 2016, with earlier application permitted. The adoption of this amended standard is not 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

expected to have a material impact on the Company’s disclosure. 

Revenue from contracts with customers 

In  May  2014,  the  IASB  issued  IFRS  15  “Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers”.  It  replaces  existing 
revenue  recognition  guidance  and  provides  a  single,  principles-based  five-step  model  to  be  applied  to  all 
contracts  with  customers.  Retrospective  application  of  this  standard  was  to  be  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2017,  with  earlier  application  permitted.  On  May  19,  2015,  the  IASB 
published  the  expected  exposure  draft  aimed  at  deferring  the  effective  date  of  IFRS  15  “Revenue  from 
Contracts  with  Customers”  to  January  1,  2018.  The  Company  is  currently  assessing  the  impact  of  this 
standard.  

Financial instruments: recognition and measurement 

In July 2014, IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” was issued as a complete standard, including the requirements 
previously issued related to classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities, and additional 
amendments  to  introduce  a  new  expected  loss  impairment  model  for  financial  assets  including  credit 
losses.  Retrospective  application  of  this  standard  with  certain  exemptions  is  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2018,  with  earlier  application  permitted.  The  Company  is  currently 
assessing the impact of this standard. 

RISK FACTORS 

Companies engaged  in the oil and gas  industry are  exposed to  a number of business risks which can  be 
described as operational, financial and political risks, many of which are outside of the Company’s control. 
More  specifically,  these  include  risks  of  economically  finding  reserves  and  producing  oil  and  gas  in 
commercial  quantities,  marketing  the  production,  commodity  prices,  environmental  and  safety  risks,  and 
risks associated with the foreign jurisdiction in which the Company operates. In order to mitigate these risks, 
the Company has an experienced  base  of qualified technical and financial personnel  in both Canada  and 
Australia.  Further,  the  Company  has  focused  its  foreign  operations  and  plans  to  target  future  foreign 
operations  in  known  and  prospective  hydrocarbon  basins  in  jurisdictions  that  have  previously  established 
long-term oil and gas ventures with foreign oil and gas companies. 

An  investment  in  the  shares  of  the  Company  should  be  considered  speculative  due  to  the  nature  of  the 
Company's  involvement  in  the  exploration  for  and  the  acquisition,  development  and  production  of  oil  and 
natural gas in foreign countries, and its current stage of development. An investor should consider carefully 
the  risk  factors  set  out  below  and  consider  all  other  information  contained  herein  and  in  the  Company's 
other  public  filings  before  making  an  investment  decision.  Additional  risks  and  uncertainties  not  currently 
known to the management of the Company may also have an adverse effect on Bengal’s business and the 
information set out below does not purport to be an exhaustive summary of the risks affecting Bengal. 

Exploration, Development and Production Risks 

Oil and natural gas exploration involves a high degree of risk, for which even a combination of experience, 
knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. There is no assurance that expenditures 
made  on  future  exploration  by  Bengal  will  result  in  new  discoveries  of  oil  or  natural  gas  in  commercial 
quantities.  It  is  difficult  to  project  the  costs  of  implementing  an  exploratory  drilling  program  due  to  the 
inherent  uncertainties  of  drilling  in  unknown  formations,  the  costs  associated  with  encountering  various 
drilling  conditions  such  as  over-pressured  zones,  tools  lost  in  the  hole  and  changes  in  drilling  plans  and 
locations as a result of prior exploratory wells or additional seismic data and interpretations thereof. 

The  long-term  commercial  success  of  Bengal  will  depend  on  its  ability  to  find,  acquire,  develop  and 
commercially produce oil and natural gas reserves. No assurance can be given that Bengal will be able to 

24  

 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

locate satisfactory properties for acquisition or participation. Moreover, if such acquisitions or participations 
are identified, Bengal may determine that current markets, terms of acquisition and participation or pricing 
conditions make such acquisitions or participations uneconomic. 

Future oil and gas exploration may involve unprofitable efforts, not only from dry wells, but from wells that 
are productive but do not produce sufficient net revenues to return a profit after drilling, operating and other 
costs. Completion of a well does not assure a profit on the investment or recovery of drilling, completion and 
operating  costs.  In  addition,  drilling  hazards  or  environmental  damage  could  greatly  increase  the  cost  of 
operations,  and  various  field  operating  conditions  may  adversely  affect  the  production  from  successful 
wells.  These  conditions  include  delays  in  obtaining  governmental  approvals  or  consents,  shut-ins  of 
connected wells resulting from extreme weather conditions, insufficient storage or transportation capacity or 
other  geological  and  mechanical  conditions.  While  diligent  well  supervision  and  effective  maintenance 
operations  can  contribute  to  maximizing  production  rates  over  time,  production  delays  and  declines  from 
normal field operating conditions cannot be eliminated and can be expected to adversely affect revenue and 
cash flow levels to varying degrees. 

In addition, oil and gas operations are subject to the risks of exploration, development and production of oil 
and natural gas properties, including encountering unexpected formations or pressures, premature declines 
of reservoirs, blow-outs, cratering, sour gas releases, fires and spills. Losses resulting from the occurrence 
of  any  of  these  risks  could  have  a  materially  adverse  effect  on  future  results  of  operations,  liquidity  and 
financial condition. 

Bengal attempts to minimize exploration, development and production risks by utilizing a high-end technical 
team with extensive experience and multidisciplinary skill sets to assure the highest probability of success 
in its drilling efforts. Bengal’s collaboration of a team of seasoned veterans in the oil and gas business, each 
with a unique expertise in the various upstream to downstream technical disciplines of prospect generation 
to  operations,  provides  the  best  assurance  of  competency,  risk  management  and  drilling  success.  A  full 
cycle economic model is utilized to evaluate all hydrocarbon prospects. Detailed geological and geophysical 
techniques  are  regularly  employed  including  3D  seismic,  petrography,  sedimentology,  petrophysical  log 
analysis and regional geological evaluation.  

Risks Associated with Foreign Operations 

International operations are subject to political, economic and other uncertainties, including, among others, 
risk  of  war,  risk  of  terrorist  activities,  border  disputes,  expropriation,  renegotiations  or  modification  of 
existing  contracts,  restrictions  on  repatriation  of  funds,  import,  export  and  transportation  regulations  and 
tariffs, taxation policies, including royalty and tax increases and retroactive tax claims, exchange controls, 
limits  on  allowable  levels  of  production,  currency  fluctuations,  labor  disputes,  sudden  changes  in  laws, 
government  control  over  domestic  oil  and  gas  pricing  and  other  uncertainties  arising  out  of  foreign 
government sovereignty over the Company's international operations. With respect to taxation matters, the 
governments  and  other  regulatory  agencies  in  the  foreign  jurisdictions  in  which  Bengal  operates  and 
intends to operate in the future may make sudden changes in laws relating to taxation or impose higher tax 
rates, which may affect Bengal’s operations in a significant manner. These governments and agencies may 
not  allow  certain  deductions  in  calculating  tax  payable  that  Bengal  believes  should  be  deductible  under 
applicable  laws  or  may  have  differing  views  as  to  values  of  transferred  properties.  This  can  result  in 
significantly higher tax payable than initially anticipated by Bengal. In many circumstances, readjustments to 
tax  payable  imposed  by  these  governments  and  agencies  may  occur  years  after  the  initial  tax  amounts 
were  paid  by  Bengal,  which  can  result  in  the  Company  having  to  pay  significant  penalties  and  fines. 
Furthermore, in the event of a dispute arising from international operations, the Company may be subject to 
the  exclusive  jurisdiction  of  foreign  courts  or  may  not  be  successful  in  subjecting  foreign  persons  to  the 
jurisdiction of courts in Canada. 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Prices, Markets and Marketing of Crude Oil and Natural Gas 

Oil and natural gas are commodities that have prices determined based on world demand, supply and other 
factors, all of which are beyond the control of Bengal. World prices for oil and natural gas have fluctuated 
widely in recent years. Any material decline in prices could result in a reduction of net production revenue. 
Certain  wells  or  other  projects  may  become  uneconomic  as  a  result  of  a  decline  in  world  oil  prices  and 
natural gas prices, leading to a reduction in the volume of Bengal’s oil and gas reserves. Bengal might also 
elect  not  to  produce  from  certain  wells  at  lower  prices.  All  of  these  factors  could  result  in  a  material 
decrease in Bengal’s future net production revenue,  causing a reduction  in its  oil  and  gas acquisition and 
development  activities.  In  addition  to  establishing  markets  for  its  oil  and  natural  gas,  Bengal  must  also 
successfully  market  its  oil  and  natural  gas  to  prospective  buyers.  The  marketability  and  price  of  oil  and 
natural gas which may be acquired or discovered by Bengal will be affected by numerous factors beyond its 
control.  The  ability  of  Bengal  to  market  its  natural  gas  may  depend  upon  its  ability  to  acquire  space  on 
pipelines  which  deliver  natural  gas  to  commercial  markets.  Bengal  will  also  likely  be  affected  by 
deliverability uncertainties related to the proximity of its reserves to pipelines and processing facilities and 
related  to  operational  problems  with  such  pipelines  and  facilities  and  extensive  government  regulation 
relating  to  price,  taxes,  royalties,  land  tenure,  allowable  production,  the  export  of  oil  and  natural  gas  and 
many other aspects of the oil and natural gas business. 

Substantial Capital Requirements and Liquidity 

Bengal’s cash flow from its reserves may not  be sufficient to fund its ongoing activities at all times. From 
time  to  time,  Bengal  may  require  additional  financing  in  order  to  carry  out  its  oil  and  gas  acquisition, 
exploration  and  development  activities.  Failure  to  obtain  such  financing  on  a  timely  basis  could  cause 
Bengal  to  forfeit  its  interest  in  certain  properties,  miss  certain  acquisition  opportunities  and  reduce  or 
terminate its operations. If Bengal’s revenues from its reserves decrease as a result of lower oil and natural 
gas prices or otherwise, it will affect Bengal’s ability to expend the necessary capital to replace its reserves 
or  to  maintain  its  production.  If  Bengal’s  funds  from  operations  are  not  sufficient  to  satisfy  its  capital 
expenditure  requirements,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  additional  debt  or  equity  financing  will  be 
available to meet these requirements or available on terms acceptable to Bengal. 

Bengal  monitors  and  updates  its  cash  projection  models  on  a  regular  basis  which  assists  in  the  timing 
decision of capital expenditures. Farm outs of projects may be arranged if capital constraints are an issue or 
if the risk profile  dictates that  Bengal  wishes to hold  a lesser  working interest  position.  Equity,  if available 
and if on favorable terms, may be utilized to help fund Bengal’s capital program. 

Health, Safety and Environment 

All phases of the oil and natural gas business present environmental risks and hazards and are subject to 
environmental  regulation  pursuant  to  a  variety  of  federal,  provincial  and  local  laws  and  regulations. 
Environmental legislation provides for, among other things, restrictions and prohibitions on spills, releases 
or  emissions  of  various  substances  produced  in  association  with  oil  and  natural  gas  operations.  The 
legislation also requires that wells and facility sites be operated, maintained, abandoned and reclaimed to 
the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities. Compliance with such legislation can require significant 
expenditures and a breach of applicable environmental legislation may result in the imposition of fines and 
penalties, some of which may be material. 

Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner expected to result in stricter standards and enforcement, 
larger fines and liability and potentially increased capital expenditures and operating costs. The discharge of 
oil, natural gas or other pollutants into the air, soil or water may give rise to liabilities to governments and 
third parties and may require the Company to incur costs to remedy such discharge. 

26  

 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

Insurance 

2015 Annual Report 

Bengal’s  involvement  in  the  exploration  for  and  development  of  oil  and  gas  properties  may  result  in  the 
Company  becoming  subject  to  liability  for  pollution,  blow-outs,  property  damage,  personal  injury  or  other 
hazards. Although Bengal has insurance in accordance with industry standards to address such risks, such 
insurance  has limitations on liability that may  not  be  sufficient to cover the full  extent of such liabilities. In 
addition,  such  risks  may  not,  in  all  circumstances  be  insurable  or,  in  certain  circumstances,  Bengal  may 
elect  not  to  obtain  insurance  to  deal  with  specific  risks  due  to  the  high  premiums  associated  with  such 
insurance or other reasons. The payment of such uninsured liabilities would reduce the funds available to 
Bengal. The occurrence of a significant event that Bengal is not fully insured against, or the insolvency of 
the  insurer  of  such  event,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  Bengal’s  financial  position,  results  of 
operations or prospects. 

Competition 

Bengal actively competes for reserve acquisitions, exploration leases, licenses and concessions and skilled 
industry  personnel  with  a  substantial  number  of  other  oil  and  gas  companies,  many  of  which  have 
significantly  greater  financial  and  personnel  resources  than  Bengal.  Bengal's  competitors  include  major 
integrated oil and natural gas companies and numerous other independent oil and natural gas companies 
and individual producers and operators. 

Bengal’s  ability  to  successfully  bid  on  and  acquire  additional  property  rights,  to  discover  reserves,  to 
participate in  drilling opportunities and to  identify  and  enter into commercial arrangements with customers 
will  be  dependent  upon  developing  and  maintaining  close  working  relationships  with  its  future  industry 
partners  and  joint  operators  and  its  ability  to  select  and  evaluate  suitable  properties  and  to  consummate 
transactions in a highly competitive environment. 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Additional  information  relating  to  Bengal  is  filed  on  SEDAR  and  can  be  viewed  at  www.sedar.com. 
Information  can  also  be  obtained  by  contacting  the  Company  at  Bengal  Energy  Ltd.,  Suite  1810,  801  6th 
Avenue  SW.,  Calgary,  Alberta  T2P  3W2,  by  email  to  info@bengalenergy.ca  or  by  accessing  Bengal’s 
website at www.bengalenergy.ca. 

Forward-looking  Statements  - Certain statements contained within the Management’s Discussion and Analysis, and 

in  certain  documents  incorporated  by  reference  into  this  document,  constitute  forward-looking  statements.  These 

statements relate to future events or Bengal’s future performance. All statements other than statements of historical fact 

may  be  forward-looking  statements.  Forward-looking  statements  are  often,  but  not  always,  identified  by  the  use  of 

words such as "seek,” "anticipate,” "budget,” "plan,” "continue,” "estimate,” "expect,” "forecast,” "may,” "will,” "project,” 

"predict,” "potential,” "targeting,” "intend,” "could,” "might,” "should,” "believe" and similar expressions. These statements 

involve  known  and  unknown  risks,  uncertainties  and  other  factors  that  may  cause  actual  results  or  events  to  differ 

materially  from  those  anticipated  in  such  forward-looking  statements.  Bengal  believes  the  expectations  reflected  in 

those forward-looking statements are reasonable but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to 

be correct and such forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference into, this MD&A should not be 

unduly relied upon. 

In  particular,  this  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis,  and  the  documents  incorporated  by  reference,  contain 

forward-looking statements pertaining to the following: 

● 

● 

● 

Oil and natural gas production levels; 

The size of the oil and natural gas reserves; 

Projections of market prices and costs; 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

● 

 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

Expectations regarding the ability to raise capital and to continually add to reserves through acquisitions and 
development; 

Expectations that cash generation to increase throughout the coming year 

Treatment under governmental regulatory regimes and tax laws; 

Capital expenditures programs and estimates of costs; 

Completion of the four development wells is anticipated to run from mid-July through early August 2014, with 
the wells expected to be tied in through September 2014. 

Funding of working capital requirements, commitments and other planned expenses will be by cash on hand, 
cash flows, farm-outs, joint ventures or share issues and funds will be sufficient to meet requirements; 

Expectations that cash flow from the new production volumes to begin in the fourth quarter of calendar 2014;  

Expectation of the drilling of a exploration at ATP 752 well in calendar Q3 2014;  
 Obtaining Ministerial Grant of the tenement on ATP 934P in Australia and commencement of exploration 
activities; 

Expectation that the selection of three drilling locations in India expected to begin drilling in 2015 

That  Beach  Energy  will  perform  the  work  agreed  to  under  the  Farm-out  and  that  further  drilling  activities  on 
ATP 732P will occur in the second half of calendar 2014; 

That  the  wells  drilled  on  ATP  752P  will  be  completed  and  tied-in  and  that  these  wells  will  commence 
production and that production from all wells will continue as expected. 

With respect to the forward looking statements contained in the MD&A, Bengal has made assumptions regarding: future 

commodity prices; the impact of royalty regimes; the timing and the amount of capital expenditures; production of new 

and existing wells and the timing of new wells coming on stream; future operating expenses including processing and 

gathering  fees;  the  performance  characteristics  of  oil  and  natural  gas  properties;  the  size  of  oil  and  natural  gas 

reserves; the ability to raise capital; the continued availability of undeveloped land and skilled personnel; the ability to 

obtain equipment in a timely manner to carry out exploration and development activities; the ability to obtain financing 

on acceptable terms; the ability to add production and reserves through exploration and development activities; and the 

continued stability of political, regulatory; tax and fiscal regimes in which the Company has operations. 

The actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these  forward-looking statements as a result of the 

risk factors set forth below and elsewhere in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis: 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

Volatility in market prices for oil and natural gas; 

Liabilities inherent in oil and natural gas operations; 

Uncertainties associated with estimating oil and natural gas reserves; 

Competition 

for,  among  other 

things:  capital,  acquisitions  of 

reserves,  undeveloped 

lands  and  

skilled personnel; 

Incorrect assessment of the value of acquisitions; 

Unable to meet commitments due to inability to raise funds or complete farm-outs; 

Geological, technical, drilling and processing problems;  

Changes  in  income  tax  laws  or  changes  to  royalty  and  environmental  regulations  relating  to  the  oil  and  

gas industry; 

The risk that Bengal may not be successful in raising funds by an equity issue; and 

Counter-party credit risk, stock market volatility and market valuation of Bengal’s stock. 

Statements  relating  to  "reserves"  or  "resources"  are  deemed  to  be  forward-looking  statements,  as  they  involve  the 

implied assessment, based on certain estimates and assumptions, that the resources and reserves described can be 

profitably  produced  in  the  future.  Readers  are  cautioned  that  the  foregoing  lists  of  factors  are  not  exhaustive.  The 

forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A and the documents incorporated by reference herein are expressly 

qualified by this cautionary statement. The forward-looking statements contained in this document speak only as of the 

date  of  this  document  and  Bengal  does  not  assume  any  obligation  to  publicly  update  or  revise  them  to  reflect  new 

events  or  circumstances,  except as  may  be  required  pursuant  to applicable securities  laws.  Additional information  on 

28  

 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

these  and  other  factors  that  could  affect  Bengal’s  operations  and  financial  results  are  included  in  reports  on  file  with 

Canadian  securities authorities  and  may  be  accessed  through  the  SEDAR  website  (www.sedar.com)  and  at  Bengal’s 

website (www.bengalenergy.ca). 

These statements speak only as of the date of this MD&A or as of the date specified in the documents incorporated by 

reference into this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, as the case may be. 

 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  management.  The 
consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  by  management  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  outlined  in  the  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The 
consolidated financial statements include certain estimates that reflect the management’s best judgments.  
Management has determined such amounts on a reasonable basis in order to ensure that the consolidated 
financial  statements  are  presented  fairly,  in  all  material  respects.    In  the  opinion  of  management,  the 
consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  within  acceptable  limits  of  materiality  and  are  in 
accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards.    The  financial  information  contained  in  the 
annual report is consistent with that in the consolidated financial statements. 

Management  is  also  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  appropriate  systems  of  internal  control 
over  the  company’s  financial  reporting.    The  internal  control  system  was  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance  to  management  regarding  the  preparation  and  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Management tested and evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures 
and  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  as  at  March  31,  2015.    During  this  evaluation  Management 
identified  weaknesses  due  to  the  limited  number  of  finance  and  accounting  personnel  at  the  Corporation 
dealing  with  complex  and  non-routine  accounting  transactions  that  may  arise  and  due  to  a  lack  of 
segregation of duties and as a result the controls are not considered effective.  All internal control systems, 
no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations.  Therefore, these systems provide reasonable but 
not absolute assurance that financial information is accurate and complete. 

KPMG LLP, an independent firm of Chartered Accountants, has been engaged, as approved by a vote of 
the  shareholders  at  the  Company’s  most  recent  annual  general  meeting,  to  examine  the  consolidated 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  and  provide  an 
independent professional opinion.  

The  audit  committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  with  all  of  its  members  being  independent  directors,  have 
reviewed the consolidated financial statements including notes thereto with management and  KPMG LLP.  
The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on  the 
recommendation of the Audit Committee. 

(signed) “ Chayan Chakrabarty”   
Chayan Chakrabarty 
President & Chief Executive Officer 

(signed) “ Jerrad Blanchard” 
Jerrad Blanchard 
Chief Financial Officer 

30  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

To the Shareholders of Bengal Energy Ltd. 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Bengal  Energy  Ltd.,  which 
comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014, the 
consolidated  statements  of  income  (loss)  and  comprehensive  income  (loss),  changes  in  equity  and  cash 
flows  for  the  years  then  ended,  and  notes,  comprising  a  summary  of  significant  accounting  policies  and 
other explanatory information. 

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  these  consolidated  financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as 
management  determines  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. 
We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards.  Those 
standards  require  that  we  comply  with  ethical  requirements  and  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain 
reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  from  material 
misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the 
consolidated  financial  statements.  The  procedures  selected  depend  on  our  judgment,  including  the 
assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated  financial statements, whether due to 
fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk  assessments,  we  consider  internal  control  relevant  to  the  entity’s 
preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  order  to  design  audit 
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on 
the  effectiveness  of  the  entity’s  internal  control.  An  audit  also  includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of 
accounting  policies used and the reasonableness of accounting  estimates made by management, as  well 
as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a 
basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial  position  of  Bengal  Energy  Ltd.  as  at  March  31,  2015  and  March  31,  2014,  and  its  consolidated 
financial  performance  and  its  consolidated  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Chartered Accountants  
June 18, 2015 
Calgary, Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

(Thousands of Canadian dollars) 

As at March 31, 

ASSETS 
Current assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash  
Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
Fair value of financial instruments 

Non-current assets: 

Exploration and evaluation assets 
Petroleum and natural gas properties 
Property, plant and equipment  
Fair value of financial instruments 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Current portion of notes payable 

Non-current liabilities: 

Decommissioning liability  
Credit facility 
Notes payable  
Other long-term liabilities  

Shareholders’ equity: 

Share capital 
Contributed surplus 
Warrants 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
Deficit 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 

Commitments and contingencies (note 19) 
Subsequent events (note 22) 

Notes 

2015 

2014 

5 

16 

6 
7 
8 
16 

10 

12 
11 
10 
10 

13 

10 

$ 

$ 

1,749 
140 
3,109 
348 
2,164 
7,510 

28,245 
27,122 
- 
2,802 
58,169 
65,679 

  $ 

  $ 

2,289               $ 

- 
2,289 

1,454 
16,982 
- 
3 
18,439 

5,984 
140 
3,821 
490 
- 
10,435 

26,821 
21,669 
3,500 
- 
51,990 
62,425 

4,174 
3,158 
7,332 

358 
- 
6,085 
61 
6,504 

94,151 
7,341 
167 
(130) 
(56,578) 
44,951 
65,679 

$ 

93,151 
7,141 
167 
1,536 
(53,406) 
48,589 
62,425 

 $ 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

On behalf of the Board: 

Director 
Chayan Chakrabart 

Director  
James B. Howe 

32  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 

(Thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

For the years ended March 31, 

Notes 

2015 

2014 

Income 

Petroleum and natural gas revenue 
Royalties 

Realized gain on financial instruments 
Unrealized gain on financial instruments 

Operating expenses 

General and administrative  
Transaction costs 
Operating and transportation 
Depletion and depreciation 
Pre-licensing & impairment 
Share-based compensation  

Operating income  

Other (expenses) 

Other  
Finance (expenses) income  
Foreign (loss) exchange  

Net (loss) income 

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 

Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year  

(Loss) earnings per share 

- Basic & diluted 

$15,669 
 (1,057) 
14,612 

891 
4,962 
20,465 

3,407 
- 
6,247 
5,162 
4,762 
170 
19,748 

717 

(334) 
(1,745) 
(1,810) 
(3,889) 

(3,172) 

(1,666) 

(4,838) 

               (0.05) 

7,8 
6,8 

15 

13 

$19,822 
(1,334) 
18,488 

- 
- 
- 

3,822 
261 
5,290 
4,531 
3,101 
498 
17,503 

985 

- 
 (855) 
(35) 
(890) 

150 

(45) 

105 

0.00 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (000s)  

13 

- Basic & diluted  

65,349 

63,134 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

(Thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Shares 
outstanding 

Share 
capital  Warrants 

Contributed 
surplus 

Equity 
component of 
convertible 
debentures 

Accumulated  
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Total 
shareholders’ 
equity 

Deficit 

  52,110,177 

 $  86,246 

  $ 

− 

  $ 

6,466 

$ 

25 

$  1,581    $ 

(53,556) 

$  40,762 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12,556,905 

7,327 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(422) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

498 

152 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

167 

25 

(25) 

- 

(45) 

150 

150 

- 

                   (45) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,327 

- 

               (422) 

- 

- 

- 

498  

152 

167 

64,667,082 

 $  93,151 

  $     167  −   $ 

7,141 

$ 

- 

$  1,536    $ 

(53,406) 

$  48,589 

64,667,082 

 $ 

93,151 

  $     167  −   $ 

7,141 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,510,714 

1,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(10) 

170 

40 

68,177,796 

94,151 

167 

7,341 

- 

- 

$  1,536    $ 

(53,406) 

$  48,589 

- 

(3,172) 

             (3,172) 

-                

          (1,666) 

- 

             (1,666) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

990 

170 

40 

(130) 

(56,578) 

44,951 

Balance at  
April 1, 2013 

Net income for the year 

Comprehensive (loss) for 

the year 

Issuance of common 

shares 

Share issue costs 

Share-based 

compensation – 
expensed 

Share-based 

compensation – 
capitalized 

Warrants 

Balance at  
March 31, 2014 

Balance at  
April 1, 2014 

Net loss for the year 

Comprehensive (loss) for 

the year 

Issuance of common 

shares 

Share-based 

compensation – 
expensed 

Share-based 

compensation – 
capitalized 

Balance at  
March 31, 2015 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

34  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bengal Energy Ltd. 

2015 Annual Report 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

(Thousands of Canadian dollars) 

For the years ended March 31 

Notes 

2015 

  2014 

Operating activities 

Net (loss) income for the year 

Non-cash items: 

Depletion and depreciation 
Pre-licensing & impairment 
Accretion on decommissioning liability 
Accretion on notes payable and credit facility 
  /change in fair value of VARs 
Settlement of decommissioning liability 
Share-based compensation  
Deferred income tax recovery  
Unrealized gain on financial instruments 
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) 

Change in non-cash working capital  
Net cash from (used in) operating activities 

Investing activities 

Exploration and evaluation expenditures 
Petroleum and natural gas properties 
Property, plant and equipment 
Changes in non-cash working capital 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities 

Proceeds from issuance of shares,  

net of issuance costs 

Proceeds from issuance of credit facility, net of issuance costs 
Repayment of notes 
Changes in non-cash working capital 

Net cash from financing activities 
Impact of foreign exchange  

on cash and cash equivalents 

Net increase (decrease)  in cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

$       (3,172) 

$ 

150 

5,162 
4,762 
15 

  4,531 
  3,101 
                 (8) 

551 
               (19) 
170 
- 
(4,962) 
2,082 
4,589 
2,332 
6,921 

           (3,189) 
         (10,274) 
- 
           (2,642) 

(16,105) 

18 

6 
7 
8 
18 

13 
11 
10 
18 

14 
14,520 
           (8,774) 
              (673) 

5,087 

(138) 

                 93 
                   - 

498 
(55) 

                - 

(127) 
  8,183 
(592) 
  7,591 

  (1,963) 
(14,313) 
(371) 
(808) 

 (17,455) 

  5,405 
  7,743 
(250) 
(5) 

  12,893 

341 

   (4,235) 

  3,370 

            5,984 
$          1,749 

  2,614 
$  5,984 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (the “financial statements”) 

Years ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 
(Tabular amounts are stated in thousands of Canadian dollars except share and per share amounts) 

1. 

REPORTING ENTITY: 

Bengal  Energy  Ltd  (the  “Company”  or  “Bengal”)  is  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  Province  of 
Alberta and is involved in the exploration for and development and production of oil and gas reserves in 
Australia,  India  and  Canada.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  (the  “financial  statements”)  of  the 
Company  as  at  March  31,  2015  and  2014  and  for  the  years  ended  March  31,  2015  and  2014  are 
comprised of the Company and  its  wholly  owned subsidiaries  Bengal  Energy  International Inc.,  which 
are incorporated in Canada and Bengal Energy Australia (Pty) Ltd., Avery Resources (Northern Ireland) 
Ltd.  and  Northstar  Energy  Pty  Ltd.  which  are  incorporated  in  Australia  respectively.  The  Company 
conducts many of its activities jointly with others; these financial statements reflect only the Company’s 
proportionate interest in such activities. 

Bengal’s principal place of business and registered office is located at 1810, 801 6th Ave SW, Calgary, 
Alberta, Canada, T2P 3W2. 

2. 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 

a)  Statement of compliance 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board 
(IASB).  

The consolidated financial statements were approved and authorized for issuance by the Board of 
Directors on June 18, 2015. 

b)  Basis of measurement 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis.  

c)  Functional and presentation currency  

The  Company’s  presentation  currency  is  Canadian  dollars  ($).  The  functional  currency  of  the 
Canadian  parent  entity  is  Canadian  dollars,  the  functional  currency  of  the  India  subsidiary  is  US 
dollars and the functional currency of the Australian subsidiary is Australian dollars. 

3. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these 
consolidated  financial  statements,  and  have  been  applied  consistently  by  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries. 

 (a) Basis of consolidation: 

The consolidated interim financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company 
and its wholly and majority owned subsidiaries, Bengal Energy Australia (Pty) Ltd., Bengal Energy 
International  Inc.,  Avery  Resources  (Northern  Ireland)  Ltd.  and  Northstar  Energy  Pty  Ltd. 
respectively.  

36  

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Subsidiaries  are  entities  controlled  by  the  Company.  Control  exists  when  the  Company  has  the 
power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain the benefits from its 
activities.  In  assessing  control,  potential  voting  rights  that  currently  are  exercisable  are  taken  into 
account.  The  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

The Company recognizes in its financial statements its proportionate share of the assets, liabilities, 
revenues, and expenses of its joint operations. 

All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation. 

(b) Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and all investments with a maturity of three months or less. 

(c) Provisions 

A  provision  is  recognized  if,  as  a  result  of  a  past  event,  the  Company  has  a  present  legal  or 
constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic 
benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation.  Provisions  are  determined  by  discounting  the 
expected future cash flows at a pre-tax “risk-free” rate that reflects current market assessments of 
the  time  value  of  money  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  liability.  The  unwinding  of  the  discount  is 
recognized as a finance expense. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses. 

Decommissioning and restoration liabilities: 

The  Company’s  activities  give  rise  to  dismantling,  decommissioning  and  site  disturbance 
remediation activities. Provision is made for the estimated cost of site restoration and capitalized in 
the relevant asset category. 

Decommissioning obligations are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of 
the expenditures required to settle the present obligation at the period end date. Subsequent to the 
initial measurement, the obligation is adjusted  at  the end of each  period to reflect the passage of 
time and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation. The increase in the 
provision due to the passage of time is recognized as finance costs whereas increases/decreases 
due  to  changes  in  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  are  capitalized.  Actual  costs  incurred  upon 
settlement  of  the  asset  retirement  obligations  are  charged  against  the  provision  to  the  extent  the 
provision was established. 

(d)  Oil and natural gas exploration and evaluation expenditures 

Exploration and evaluation costs (“E&E” assets”) 

All costs incurred prior to obtaining the legal right to explore an area are expensed when incurred.  

Generally, costs directly associated with the exploration and evaluation of crude oil and natural gas 
reserves  are  initially  capitalized.  Exploration  and  evaluation  costs  are  those  expenditures  for  an 
area  where  technical  feasibility  and  commercial  viability  has  not  yet  been  demonstrated.  These 
costs  generally  include  unproved  property  acquisition  costs,  geological  and  geophysical  costs, 
sampling and appraisals, drilling and completion costs and capitalized decommissioning costs. 

Costs are held in exploration and evaluation until the technical feasibility and commercial viability of 
the  project  is  established.  Amounts  are  generally  reclassified  to  petroleum  and  natural  gas 
properties once  probable reserves have been assigned to  the  field.  If probable  reserves have  not 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

been  established  through  the  completion  of  exploration  and  evaluation  activities  and  there  are  no 
future  plans  for  activity  in  that  field,  then  the  exploration  and  evaluation  expenditures  are 
determined to be impaired and the amounts are charged to profit or loss. 

 (e) Petroleum and natural gas properties 

Carrying value 

Costs incurred subsequent to the determination of technical feasibility and commercial viability are 
recognized  as  petroleum  and  natural  gas  properties  in  the  specific  asset  to  which  they  relate. 
Petroleum  and  natural  gas  properties  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and 
depletion  and  accumulated  impairment  losses.  The  initial  cost  of  a  petroleum  and  natural  gas 
property  is  comprised  of  its  purchase  price  or  construction  cost,  any  costs  directly  attributable  to 
bringing  the  asset  into  operation,  the  initial  estimate  of  the  decommissioning  obligation,  and  for 
qualifying assets, borrowing costs. The purchase price or construction cost is the aggregate amount 
paid and the fair value of any other consideration given up to acquire the asset. 
Subsequent costs 

Costs incurred subsequent to the determination of technical feasibility and commercial viability and 
the costs of replacing parts of property, plant and equipment are recognized as oil and natural gas 
interests  only  when  they  increase  the  future  economic  benefits  embodied  in  the  specific  asset  to 
which  they  relate.  All  other  expenditures  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  as  incurred.  Such 
capitalized  oil  and  natural  gas  interests  generally  represent  costs  incurred  in  developing  proved 
and/or  probable  reserves  and  bringing  in  or  enhancing  production  from  such  reserves,  and  are 
accumulated  on  a  field  or  geotechnical  area  basis.  The  carrying  amount  of  any  replaced  or  sold 
component is derecognized. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment 
are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. 
Depletion and depreciation 

The  net  book  value  of  producing  assets  are  depleted  on  a  field-by-field  basis  using  the  unit  of 
production  method  with  reference  to  the  ratio  of  production  in  the  year  to  the  related  proved  and 
probable reserves, taking into account estimated future development costs necessary to bring those 
reserves into production. For purposes of these calculations, production and reserves of natural gas 
are converted to barrels on an energy equivalent basis.  

Other assets are depreciated on a declining basis at rates ranging from 20% to 30%. 

Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment, including oil and natural 
gas interests, are determined by comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of 
property, plant and equipment and are recognized as separate line items in profit or loss. 

(f)  Property and equipment – drilling rig 
Recognition and measurement 

Initial costs related to the acquisition or construction of property and equipment are capitalized and 
accumulated by rig or a component thereof. 

Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  items  of  property  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less 
accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. When significant parts of an item of 
property and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major 
components). 

38  

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Subsequent costs are included in the related asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate 
asset,  as  appropriate,  only  when  is  it  probable  that  future  economic  benefits  associated  with  the 
item will flow to the group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and 
maintenance are recorded in profit and loss. 

Gains and losses on  disposal of an item of property  and equipment are determined by comparing 
the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property and equipment and are recognized 
in profit and loss. 

(g)  Impairment 

E&E and Petroleum and Natural Gas Properties 

E&E assets are assessed for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying 
amount  exceeds  the  recoverable  amount  and  when  they  are  reclassified  to  Development  and 
Production  (“D&P”)  assets.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  E&E  assets  are  grouped  by 
concession  or  field  with  other  E&E  assets  belonging  to  the  same  concession  or  field.  The 
impairment loss will be calculated as the excess of the carrying value over recoverable amount of 
the  E&E  impairment  grouping  and  any  resulting  impairment  loss  is  recognized  in  profit  or  loss. 
Recoverable amount is determined as the higher of the value in use or fair value less costs to sell. 

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the petroleum and natural gas properties 
for circumstances that indicate that the assets may be impaired. Assets are grouped together into 
cash  generating  units  (“CGU”s) for  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  which  is  the  lowest  level  at 
which  there  are  identifiable  cash  inflows  that  are  largely  independent  of  the  cash  flows  of  other 
groups of assets. If any such indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an estimate of its 
recoverable  amount.  A  CGUs  recoverable  amount  is  the  higher  of  its  fair  value  less  selling  costs 
and its  value  in  use.  In  assessing  value in use, the  estimated future cash flows are discounted to 
their  present  value  using  a  pre-tax  discount  rate  that  reflects  current  market  assessments  of  the 
time  value  of  money  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  asset.  Value  in  use  is  generally  computed  by 
reference  to  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  production  of 
proved and probable reserves.  

Fair value less cost to sell is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of a 
CGU in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties. The fair value less 
cost to sell of oil and gas assets is generally determined as the net present value of the estimated 
future  cash  flows  expected  to  arise  from  the  continued  use  of  the  CGU,  including  any  expansion 
prospects, and its eventual disposal, using assumptions that an independent market participant may 
take into account. These cash flows are discounted by an appropriate discount rate which would be 
applied by such a market participant to arrive at a net present value of the CGU. Where the carrying 
amount of a CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the CGU is considered impaired and is written 
down.  Consideration  is  given  to  acquisition  metrics  or  recent  transactions  completed  on  similar 
assets to those contained with the relevant CGU. 

When the recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount, the asset or CGU is impaired. For 
impairment losses identified based on a CGU, the loss is allocated on a pro rata basis to the assets 
within the CGU(s). The impairment loss is recognized as an expense in profit or loss.  

At  the  end  of  each  subsequent  reporting  period  these  impairments  are  assessed  for  indicators  of 
reversal.  Where  an  impairment  loss  subsequently  reverses,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  or 
CGU  is  increased  to  the  revised  estimate  of  its  recoverable  amount,  but  so  that  the  increased 
carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been  determined  had  no 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

impairment  loss  have  been  recognized  for  the  asset  or  CGU  in  prior  years.  A  reversal  of  an 
impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss. 

Property and Equipment 

At  the  end  of  each  reporting  period,  the  Company  reviews  property  and  equipment  for 
circumstances  that  indicate  that  the  assets  may  be  impaired.  If  any  such  indication  of  impairment 
exists,  the  Company  makes  an  estimate  of  its  recoverable  amount,  which  is  the  higher  of  its  fair 
value less selling costs and its value in use.  

Fair value less cost to sell is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of an 
asset  in  an  arm’s  length  transaction  between  knowledgeable  and  willing  parties.  Consideration  is 
given to recent transactions related to similar assets. 

When  the  recoverable  amount  is  less  than  the  carrying  amount,  the  asset  is  impaired  and  the 
resulting impairment loss is recognized as an expense in profit or loss.  

At  the  end  of  each  subsequent  reporting  period  these  impairments  are  assessed  for  indicators  of 
reversal.  Where  an  impairment  loss  subsequently  reverses,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  is 
increased  to  the  revised  estimate  of  its  recoverable  amount,  but  so  that  the  increased  carrying 
amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment 
loss  have  been  recognized  for  the  asset  in  prior  years.  A  reversal  of  an  impairment  loss  is 
recognized immediately in profit or loss. 

Financial assets 

A  financial  asset  is  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  objective 
evidence  that  it  is  impaired.  A  financial  asset  is  considered  to  be  impaired  if  objective  evidence 
indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of 
that asset. 

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost is calculated as the 
difference  between  its  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future  cash  flows 
discounted at the original effective interest rate. 

Individually  significant  financial  assets  are  tested  for  impairment  on  an  individual  basis.  The 
remaining  financial  assets  are  assessed  collectively  in  groups  that  share  similar  credit  risk 
characteristics. 

All impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. 

An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after 
the impairment loss was recognized. For financial assets measured at amortized cost the reversal is 
recognized in profit or loss. 

 (h) Financial instruments 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  are  classified  as  either  financial  assets  or  liabilities  at  fair  value 
through profit and loss (“FVTPL”), loans and receivables, held to maturity investments, available for 
sale  financial  assets,  or  other  liabilities,  as  appropriate.  Financial  assets  and  liabilities  are 
recognized initially at fair value. 

Subsequent  measurement  of  financial  instruments  is  based  on  their  initial  classification.  FVTPL 
financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value and changes in fair value are recognized in 
profit or loss. Available-for-sale financial instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair 
value  recorded  in  other  comprehensive  loss  until  the  instrument  is  derecognized  or  impaired.  The 

40  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

remaining  categories  of  financial  instruments  are  recognized  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective 
interest rate method. 

The transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of a financial asset or 
financial  liability  classified  as  FVTPL  are  expensed  immediately.  For  a  financial  asset  or  financial 
liability  carried  at  amortized  cost,  transaction  costs  directly  attributable  to  acquiring  or  issuing  the 
asset  or  liability  are  added  to  or  deducted  from  the  fair  value  on  initial  recognition  and  amortized 
through profit or loss income over the term of the financial instrument. 
(i) Non-derivative financial instruments 

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash as  well as accounts receivable are  classified as loans 
and  receivables,  which  are measured  at  amortized  cost.  Accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities, 
notes payable and the credit facility  are classified as other financial liabilities, which are measured 
at amortized cost. 

(ii) Derivative financial instruments 

The Company enters into certain financial derivative contracts in order to manage the exposure to 
market  risks  from  fluctuations  in  commodity  prices.  These  instruments  are  not  used  for  trading  or 
speculative  purposes.  The  Company  does  not  designate  its  financial  derivative  contracts  as 
effective  accounting  hedges  and  therefore  will  not  apply  hedge  accounting,  even  though  the 
Company  considers  all  commodity  contracts  to  be  economic  hedges.  As  a  result,  all  derivative 
contracts  are  classified  as  FVTPL  and  are  recorded  on  the  statement  of  financial  position  at  fair 
value.  Transaction  costs  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  when  incurred.  Subsequent  to  initial 
recognition,  derivatives  are  measured  at  fair  value,  and  changes  therein  will  be  recognized 
immediately in profit or loss. 

The Company may enter into physical delivery sales contracts for the purposes of receipt or delivery 
of  nonfinancial  items  in  accordance  with  its  expected  purchase,  sale  or  usage  requirements  as 
executory  contracts.  As  such,  these  contracts  are  not  considered  to  be  derivative  financial 
instruments and will not be recorded at fair value on the statement of financial position. Settlements 
on these physical delivery contracts will be recognized in petroleum and natural gas revenue in the 
period of settlement. 

Fair value 

The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  that  are  actively  traded  in  organized  financial  markets  is 
determined by reference to quoted market bid prices at the valuation date. For financial instruments 
that have no active market, fair value is determined using valuation techniques including the use of 
recent  arm’s  length  market  transactions,  reference  to  the  current  market  value  of  equivalent 
financial instruments and discounted cash flow analysis. 

Share capital 

Common  shares  are  classified  as  equity.  Incremental  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of 
common shares and stock options are recognized as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects. 

 (i)  Foreign currency translation: 

The consolidated financial  statements are presented  in Canadian dollars,  which  is the Company’s 
functional  and  presentation  currency.  For  the  accounts  of  foreign  operations,  assets  and  liabilities 
are  translated  at  period  end  exchange  rates,  while  revenues  and  expenses  are  translated  using 
average  rates  over  the  period.  Translation  gains  and  losses  relating  to  the  foreign  operations  are 
included  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income,  a  component  of  equity.  Foreign  currency 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

transactions are translated into the legal entity’s functional currency at the exchange rate in effect at 
the transaction; and any gains or losses are recorded in profit or loss. 

(j)  Share-based compensation: 

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation granted to directors, officers, employees and 
consultants using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of the plan at 
grant date. An estimated forfeiture rate is incorporated into the fair value calculated and adjusted to 
reflect the actual number of options that vest. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded and 
reflected  as  stock-based  compensation  expense  over  the  vesting  period  with  a  corresponding 
amount reflected in contributed surplus. At exercise, the associated amounts previously recorded as 
contributed surplus are reclassified to common share capital.  

(k)  Revenue recognition: 

Revenue  from  the  sale  of  natural  gas,  natural  gas  liquids  and  crude  oil  is  recognized  when  the 
significant risks and rewards of ownership is transferred, which is when title passes to the customer 
in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  sales  contract.  This  generally  occurs  when  the  product  is 
physically transferred into a pipe, truck or other delivery mechanism. 

(l)  Per share amounts: 

Basic  per  share  amounts  are  computed  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  by  the  weighted  average 
number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.  Diluted  per  share  amounts  are  calculated 
giving  effect  to  the  potential  dilution  that  would  occur  if  stock  options  or  other  dilutive  instruments 
were exercised into common shares. The treasury stock method assumes that any proceeds upon 
the exercise of dilutive instruments, including remaining unamortized compensation costs, would be 
used  to  purchase  common  shares  at  the  average  market  price  of  the  common  shares  during  
the period. 

(m) Income taxes: 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in profit 
or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is 
recognized in equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted 
or  substantively  enacted  at  the  reporting  date,  and  any  adjustments  to  tax  payable  in  respect  of 
previous years. 

Deferred  tax  is  recognized  providing  for  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amounts  of 
assets and  liabilities for financial reporting purposes  and the amounts  used for  taxation  purposes. 
Deferred tax is not recognized on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is 
not  a  business  combination.  In  addition,  deferred  tax  is  not  recognized  for  taxable  temporary 
differences  arising  on  the  initial  recognition  of  goodwill.  Deferred  tax  is  measured  at  the  tax  rates 
that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that 
have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset, and they relate to income taxes levied by 
the  same  tax  authority  on  the  same  taxable  entity,  or  on  different  tax  entities,  but  they  intend  to 
settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized 
simultaneously. 

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be 

42  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

available against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed 
at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax 
benefit will be realized.  

(n)  Finance income and expenses: 

Finance  income  consists  of  interest  earned  on  term  deposits.  Finance  expenses  include  fees  on 
Performance  Security  Guarantees  issued  by  Export  Development  Canada,  bank  fees  on  Bank 
Guarantees  issued  to  the  Government  of  India,  letter  of  credit  charges,  interest  on  notes  payable 
and the credit facility, accretion on notes payable and change in fair value of VARS, and accretion 
of the discount on decommissioning obligations. 

(o)  Determination of fair value: 

A number of the Company’s accounting policies and  disclosures required the determination of fair 
value, both for financial  and non-financial  assets and liabilities. Fair  values  have been determined 
for  measurement  and/or  disclosure  purposes  based  on  the  following  methods.  When  applicable, 
further information about the assumptions made in determining fair values is disclosed in the notes 
specific to that asset or liability. 

Fair Value Hierarchy 
Financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value are grouped 
into three categories based on the degree to which fair value is observable: 

Level 1 -  Quoted  prices  are  available  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or  liabilities  as  of  the 
reporting  date.    Active  markets  are  those  in  which  transactions  occur  in  sufficient  frequency  and 
volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis; 

Level 2 -  Valuations  are  based  on  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  in  Level  1  that  are 
observable  for  the  asset  or  liability,  either  directly  or  indirectly;  including  forward  prices  for 
commodities, time value and volatility factors which can be substantially observed or corroborated 
in the marketplace; 

Level 3 - Inputs that are not based on observable data for the asset or liability. 

Financial  instruments  comprise  cash,  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  accounts  receivable, 
accounts payable and accrued liabilities, credit facility, notes payable and derivatives.  

The Company's policy is to recognize transfers in and out of the fair value hierarchy as of the date 
of  the  event  or  change  in  circumstances  that  caused  the  transfer.  There  were  no  such  transfers 
during the period.  

Fair values have been determined for measurement and disclosure purposes as follows: 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

i.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable 

and accrued liabilities  

The fair values of these financial instruments approximate their carrying amounts due to their 
short-term maturity. 

ii.  Credit facility 

The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  credit  facility  approximates  its  carrying  value  as  it  bears 
interest  at  floating  rates  and  the  applicable  margin  is  indicative  of  the  Company’s  current 
credit risk.   

iii.  Notes payable 

The  fair  value  of  notes  payable  is  estimated  as  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows, 
discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date.  At March 31, 2015 and 2014, 
the fair value of these balances approximated their carrying  value  due to their short term to 
maturity.   

iv.  Derivatives 

The Company’s commodity contracts (swaps and put options) are measured at level 2 of the 
fair value hierarchy.  The fair value of the swap component is determined by discounting the 
difference between the contracted prices and published forward price curves as at the period 
end  date,  using  the  remaining  contracted  oil  volumes  and  a  risk-free  interest  rate.    The  fair 
value  of  puts  are  based  on  option  models  that  use  publish  information  with  respect  to 
volatility, prices and interest rates.   

 (p) Adoption of new accounting policies 

The following new accounting policies were adopted as at April 1, 2014, both of which were applied 
retrospectively:  

The  IASB  issued  International  Financial  Reporting  Interpretations  Committee  Interpretation 
("IFRIC") 21, “Levies” which was adopted by the Company on April 1, 2014. The IFRIC clarifies that 
an entity should recognize a liability for a levy when the activity that triggers payment occurs. The 
adoption of this interpretation had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.  

IAS  32,  “Financial  Instruments:  Presentation”,  which  clarifies  the  requirements  for  offsetting 
financial  assets  and  liabilities.  The  amendments  clarify  when  an  entity  has  a  legally  enforceable 
right to offset and certain other requirements that are necessary to present a net financial asset or 
liability.  There  was  no  impact  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  on  adoption  of 
this standard. 

(q)   New standards and interpretations not yet adopted:  

Standards  that  are  issued  but  not  yet  effective  and  that  the  Company  reasonably  expects  to  be 
applicable at a future date are listed below. 

Accounting for acquisitions of interests in joint operations 

In  May  2014,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IFRS  11  “Joint  Arrangements”  to  clarify  that  the 
acquirer of an interest in a joint operation in which the activity constitutes a business is required to 
apply all of the principles of business combinations accounting in IFRS 3 “Business Combinations”.  
Prospective  application  of  this  interpretation  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 
January 1, 2016, with earlier application permitted.  The adoption of this amendment could impact 
the  Company  in  the  event  that  it  increases  or  decreases  its  ownership  share  in  an  existing  joint 
operation or invests in a new joint operation. 

44  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture 

In  September  2014,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  address  an  inconsistency  between  the 
requirements in IFRS 10 “Consolidated Financial Statements” and those in IAS 28 “Investments in 
Associates and Joint Ventures” regarding the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and 
its associate or joint venture.  The amendment clarified that a full gain or loss is recognized when a 
transaction  involves  a  business.    A  partial  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  when  a  transaction  involves 
assets that do not constitute a business.  Prospective application of this interpretation is effective for 
annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2016,  with  earlier  application  permitted.    The 
adoption  of  this  amendment  could  impact  the  Company  in  the  event  that  it  has  transactions  with 
associates or joint ventures. 

Disclosure initiative 

In December 2014, the IASB issued narrow-focus amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial 
Statements”  to  clarify  existing  requirements  relating  to  materiality,  order  of  notes,  subtotals, 
accounting  policies  and  disaggregation.    Retrospective  application  of  this  standard  is  effective  for 
fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with earlier application permitted.  The adoption 
of this amended standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s disclosure. 

Revenue from contracts with customers 

In  May  2014,  the  IASB  issued  IFRS  15  “Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers”.    It  replaces 
existing revenue recognition guidance and provides a single, principles-based five-step model to be 
applied  to  all  contracts  with  customers.    Retrospective  application  of  this  standard  was  to  be 
effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2017,  with  earlier  application  permitted.  
On May 19, 2015, the IASB published the expected exposure draft aimed at deferring the effective 
date  of  IFRS  15  “Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers”  to  January  1,  2018.    The  Company  is 
currently assessing the impact of this standard.  

Financial instruments: recognition and measurement 

In  July  2014,  IFRS  9  “Financial  Instruments”  was  issued  as  a  complete  standard,  including  the 
requirements  previously  issued  related  to  classification  and  measurement  of  financial  assets  and 
liabilities,  and  additional  amendments  to  introduce  a  new  expected  loss  impairment  model  for 
financial  assets  including  credit  losses.    Retrospective  application  of  this  standard  with  certain 
exemptions is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with earlier application 
permitted.  The Company is currently assessing the impact of this standard. 

4. 

MANAGEMENT JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES 

The  timely  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  judgments, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and income and expenses. Accordingly, actual results may differ from these 
estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to 
accounting  estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in  any 
future  periods  affected.  Significant  estimates  and  judgments  made  by  management  in  the 
preparation of these financial statements are out-lined below. 

 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies 

The  following  are  the  critical  judgments,  apart  from  those  involving  estimations  (see  below),  that 
management  has  made  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Company’s  accounting  policies  and  that 
have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in these financial statements. 

i)  Identification of Cash-generating Units 

Bengal’s  assets  are  aggregated  into  cash-generating  units,  for  the  purpose  of  calculating 
impairment, based on their ability to generate largely independent cash flows. By their nature, these 
estimates  and  assumptions  are  subject  to  measurement  uncertainty  and  may  impact  the  carrying 
value of the Company's assets in future periods. 

ii)  Impairment Indicators 

Judgments  are  required  to  assess  when  impairment  indicators  exist  and  impairment  testing  is 
required.  The  application  of  the  Company’s  accounting  policy  for  exploration  and  evaluation, 
petroleum  and  natural  gas  properties  and  PP&E  assets  required  management  to  make  certain 
judgments  as  to  future  events  and  circumstances  as  to  whether  economic  quantities  of  reserves 
have been found. 

iii)  Recognition of deferred income tax assets 

The  recognition  of  deferred  income  tax  assets  requires  judgments  regarding  the  likelihood  and 
applicability of future income tax deductions. Deferred tax assets (if any) are recognized only to the 
extent it is considered probable that those assets will be recoverable. This involves an assessment 
of when those deferred tax assets are likely to reverse and a judgment as to whether or not there 
will  be  sufficient  taxable  profits  available  to  offset  the  tax  assets  when  they  do  reverse.  This 
requires assumptions regarding future profitability and ability to apply income tax deductions.   

Key Sources of uncertainty 

The following are the key assumptions concerning the sources of estimation uncertainty at the end 
of the reporting period that have a significant risk of causing adjustments to the carrying amounts of 
the assets and liabilities. 

i)  Decommissioning provisions 

The  Company  estimates  future  remediation  costs  of  production  facilities,  wells  and  pipelines  at 
different stages of development and construction of assets or facilities. In most instances, removal 
of assets occurs many years into the future. This requires judgment regarding abandonment date, 
future environmental and regulatory legislation, the extent of reclamation activities, the engineering 
methodology for estimating cost, future removal technologies in determining the removal cost and 
liability-specific discount rates to determine the present value of these cash flows. 

ii) 

Impairment of petroleum and natural gas assets 

For the purposes of determining whether impairment of petroleum and natural gas assets occurred, 
and  the  extent  of  any  impairment  or  its  reversal,  the  key  assumptions  the  Company  uses  in 
estimating  future  cash  flows  are  future  petroleum  and  natural  gas  prices,  expected  production 
volumes  and  anticipated  recoverable  quantities  of  proved  and  probable  reserves.  These 
assumptions  are  subject  to  change  as  new  information  becomes  available.  Changes  in  economic 
conditions  can  also  affect  the  rate  used  to  discount  future  cash  flow  estimates.  Changes  in  the 
aforementioned  assumptions  could  affect  the  carrying  amount  of  assets,  and  impairment  charges 
and reversal will affect profit or loss. 

46  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

iii)  Current and deferred income taxes 

Tax provisions are based on enacted or substantively enacted laws. Changes in those laws could 
affect amounts recognized in profit or  loss both in the period of change,  which  would  include any 
impact on cumulative provisions, and in future periods. To the extent assumptions regarding future 
profitability change, there can be an increase or decrease in the amounts recognized in respect of 
deferred  tax  assets  as  well  as  the  amounts  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  period  which  the 
change occurs. 

The  deferred  tax  asset  is  based  on  estimates  as  to  the  timing  of  the  reversal  of  temporary 
differences, substantively enacted tax rates and the likelihood of assets being realized.   

iv)  Reserves 

The estimate of petroleum and natural gas reserves is integral to the calculation of the amount of 
depletion  charged  to  the  statement  of  operations  and  is  also  a  key  determinant  in  assessing 
whether the carrying value of any of the Company’s development and production assets has been 
impaired.  Changes  in  reported  reserves  can  impact  asset  carrying  values  due  to  changes  in 
expected future cash flows.  

The Company’s reserves are evaluated and reported on by independent reserve engineers at least 
annually  in  accordance  with  Canadian  Securities  Administrators’  National  Instrument  51-101. 
Reserve  estimation  is  based  on  a  variety  of  factors  including  engineering  data,  geological  and 
geophysical  data,  projected  future  rates  of  production,  commodity  pricing  and  timing  of  future 
expenditures, all of which are subject to significant judgment and interpretation.  

v)  Share-based payments 

The Company measures the cost of its share-based payments to directors, officers, employees and 
certain consultants by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they 
are granted. The assumptions used in determining fair value include: share price, expected lives of 
options, risk-free rates of return, share price volatility and the estimated forfeiture rate. Changes to 
assumptions may have a material impact on the amounts presented. 

5. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  cash  on  hand  and  in  banks  and  investments  with  an  original 
maturity date of 90 days or less. Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the reporting period as shown 
in the statement financial position are comprised of: 

As at  
($000s) 
Cash and bank balances 
Short-term deposits 

March 31, 2015 

March 31, 2014 

  $ 

  $ 

1,743 
6 
1,749 

  $ 

  $ 

5,164 
820 
5,984 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

6. 

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS (E&E ASSETS) 

($000s) 

Balance at April 1, 2013 
Additions 
Capitalized share-based compensation 
E&E impairment loss 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Additions 
Capitalized share-based compensation 
E&E impairment loss 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2015 

Exploration and Evaluation 
Expenditures 

$ 

$ 

$          

26,416 
1,963 
59 
(1,367) 
(250) 
 26,821 
3,189 
10 
(1,592) 
(183) 
28,245 

Exploration and evaluation assets consist of the Company’s exploration projects in Australia and India 
which  are  pending  the  determination  of  proved  or  probable  reserves.  Costs  primarily  consist  of 
acquisition  costs,  geological  &  geophysical  work,  seismic  and  drilling  and  completion  costs  until  the 
drilling of wells is complete and the results have been evaluated.  

During June 2014, the Koki-1 exploration well was drilled to a vertical depth of 2,573 meters and did not 
encounter the targeted Murta DC70 reservoir.  Its secondary target indicated minor, non-commercial oil 
shows and it was agreed to suspend and abandon this well.  Based on these results, the Company has 
recorded  an  impairment  charge  of  $0.8  million  equal  to  its  share  of  drilling  costs  associated  with  this 
well.     

During  December  2014,  Bengal  drilled  the  Wicho  East  exploration  well  primarily  targeting  the  deeper 
Jurassic Hutton horizon.  This well failed to intersect a commercial hydrocarbon accumulation and was 
plugged and abandoned during the quarter.    Based on these results, the Company has recorded an 
impairment charge of $0.8 million equal to its share of drilling costs associated with this well.     

A summary of E&E assets is shown in the table below: 

($000s) 

ATP 732P – Tookoonooka – Note 1 
ATP 752P  
CY-ONN-2005/1 – onshore 
Other – Note 2 

March 31, 2014 ($000) 

ATP 732P – Tookoonooka – Note 1 
ATP 752P 
CY-ONN-2005/1 – onshore 
Other – Note 2 

March 31, 2015 ($000) 

  Australia 
  $ 20,126 
- 

1,423 
  $ 21,549 

  Australia 
  $ 18,825 
1,044 

1,605 
  $ 21,474 

  $ 

India 

  $  5,272 

- 
5,272 

Exploration and Evaluation Assets 
  Total 
  $ 20,126 
- 
5,272 
1,423 
  $ 26,821 
Exploration and Evaluation Assets 
  Total 
  $ 18,825 
1,044 
6,771 
1,605 
  $ 28,245 

                  - 
6,771 

  $  6,771 

India 

  $ 

Note  1:  The Company entered into a farm-out agreement that requires a 2-well drilling program of which one remains to be 
drilled at March 31, 2015.  Once the final well is drilled, the joint venture partner will earn a 50% interest in this permit and the 
Company will record a gain or loss on this 50% disposition.   
Note  2:  Other includes ATP 934P, capitalized G&A and stock-based compensation and foreign exchange effects on assets 
denominated in foreign currencies. 

48  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
                    
 
 
7. 

PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS PROPERTIES 

$000s 

Cost: 
Balance at April 1, 2013 

Additions  
Acquisitions 
Capitalized share-based compensation 
Change in decommissioning obligation 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2014 

Additions 
Non-cash additions 
Capitalized share-based compensation 
Change in decommissioning obligation 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2015 

Petroleum and 
Natural Gas 
Properties 

$ 

13,810 
7,448 
6,964 
93 
120 
                     (31) 
28,404 
10,274 
53 
30 
1,118 
               (1,178) 
               38,701 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Corporate 
Assets 

Total 

  $ 

  $ 
427 
                   (99) 
- 
- 
- 

14,237 
7,349 
6,964 
93 
120 
                   (10)                     (41) 
28,722 
10,274 
53 
30 
1,118 
24                 (1,154) 
39,043 

318 
- 
- 
- 
- 

342 

Accumulated depletion, depreciation and 

impairment losses: 
Balance at April 1, 2013 
Depletion and depreciation charge 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Depletion and depreciation charge 
Exchange adjustments 
Balance at March 31, 2015 

Net carrying value 
At March 31, 2014 
At March 31, 2015 

Petroleum and 
Natural Gas 
Properties 
$000s 

Corporate 
Assets 
$ 000s 

$ 

$ 

2,447 
4,455 
(83) 
6,819 
4,800 
59 
11,678 

$ 

160 
76 
(2) 
234 
32 
                  (23) 
243 

Total 
$000s 

2,607 
4,531 
(85) 
7,053 
4,832 
36 
11,921 

     $     21,585 
      $     27,023 

   $ 
84 
   $           99 

   $     21,669 
    $  27,122 

The calculation of depletion for the year ended March 31, 2015 included $123.8 million and $nil million 
for estimated future development costs associated with proved and probable reserves in Australia and 
Canada respectively (March 31, 2014 - $83.5 million and $0.5 million).  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

8. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

($000s) 

Balance at March 31, 2013 
Additions 
Capitalized share-based compensation 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Additions 
Balance at March 31, 2015 

Rig Equipment 

$  4,756 
374 
- 
$  5,130 
- 
5,130 

Accumulated depletion, depreciation and impairment losses: 
Balance at March 31, 2013 
Impairment 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Depreciation and impairment 
Balance at March 31, 2015 
Net book value 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Balance at March 31, 2015 

                                     $        73 
1,557 
$  1,630 
3,500 
$  5,130 

$   3,500 
$           - 

On April 5, 2012 the Company purchased an Ideco H-44 drilling rig. The purchase price of the Rig was 
US $1.75 million. Additional costs were incurred to transport the rig from its point of purchase, prepare 
the rig and acquire certain ancillary equipment required for drilling operations. This rig was used to drill, 
case and test the Caracal-1 well on permit ATP 732.  

As at December 31, 2014, the Company recognized the significant decrease in market crude prices and 
the  excess  of  drilling  rigs  in  the  local  and  international  market  as  an  indicator  of  impairment  for  its 
drilling rig.  The Company evaluated current drilling activity and rig sale activity both locally in Australia 
and  internationally  to  determine  that  under  current  market  conditions  its  drilling  rig  should  be  fully 
impaired at December 31, 2014.   

The  recoverable  amount  of  nil  was  determined  using  fair  value  less  cost  to  sell  based  on  level  3  fair 
value  inputs  as  described  by  IFRS  13,  specifically  the  frequency  of  asset  sales  in  the  Australian  and 
international markets, internal estimates of fair value of component parts as well as transpirations costs. 
There  were  no  benchmark  transactions  identified  through  management’s  review  of  sales  markets, 
based on low transaction volumes and high volume of equipment available for sale.   This, along with 
management’s internal estimates determined that the expected proceeds from disposition are less than 
the expected cost to transport.   

9. 

INCOME TAXES  

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount obtained in applying the combined Federal and 
Provincial income tax rates to the loss for the year. The difference relates to the following items: 

50  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Years Ended March 31 ($000s) 
(Loss) income before taxes 
Statutory tax rate 
Expected income tax expense (recovery) 
Foreign exchange  
Stock-based compensation 
Effect of change in tax rate & other 
Other 
Changes in unrecognized tax asset 
Income tax recovery 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

2015 
                       (3,172) 
25% 
(793) 
(614) 
                             51 
(394) 
194 
                        1,556 

$ 

- 

2014 
95 
25% 
                         (24) 
83 
                       (121) 
                       (300) 
(11) 
 428 
55 

$ 

The  temporary  deductible  differences  included  in  the  Company’s  unrecognized  deferred  income  tax 
assets are as follows: 

As of March 31 ($000s) 
Non-capital losses 
Net capital losses 
P&NG properties 
Share issue costs 
Decommissioning obligations 

$ 

$ 

2015 
27,373 
5,890 
8,288 
742 
99 
42,392 

2014 
$      26,395 
6,033 
5,033 
720 
358 
$      38,539 

The components of the Company’s and its subsidiaries deferred income tax liabilities are as follows: 

As of March 31 ($000s) 

Property, plant & equipment 
Fair value of financial instruments 
Foreign exchange 
Decommissioning obligations 
Non-capital losses 

2015 
 14,515 
1,490 
(416) 
(400) 
(15,189) 
-  

$    

2014 
12,737 
331 
- 
- 
(13,068) 
- 

$ 

At  March  31,  2015,  the  Company  had  approximately  $29.5  million  and  $50.6  million  of  non-capital 
losses in Canada and Australia respectively (2014- $23.7 million and $46.5 million), available to reduce 
future taxable income. The Canadian non-capital losses expire at various dates from March 31, 2016 to 
2035.  The  Australian  non-capital  losses  have  no  term  to  expiry.  The  Company’s  ongoing  drilling 
activities continue to generate deferred assets related to Petroleum Resource Rent Tax (“PRRT”) in its 
Australia subsidiary, which has not been recognized.   

The  Company  has  temporary  differences  associated  with  its  investments  in  its  foreign  subsidiaries, 
branches, and interests in joint ventures. At March 31, 2015, the Company has no deferred tax liabilities 
in respect of these temporary differences. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

10. 

NOTES PAYABLE 

Non-Convertible Notes – 
Issued July 5, 2013 ( $000s) 

Total 

Debt 
Component 

Other long-term 
liability 

Warrants 

Gross proceeds 
Total cash fees 

Accretion on debt/change in fair  
  value of VARs 
Deferred tax impact 
Balance at March 31, 2014 
Accretion on debt/change in fair  
    value of VARs 
Repayment 
Balance at March 31, 2015  

8,000 
(257) 
7,743 

33 
(55) 
7,721 

449 
           (8,000) 
170 

7,593 
(256) 
7,337 

156 
- 
7,493 

507 
(8,000) 
- 

178 
6 
184 

(123) 
- 
61 

(58) 
- 
3 

229 
(7) 
222 

- 
(55) 
167 

- 
- 
167 

In  October  5,  2014,  the  Company  repaid  $0.5  million  of  outstanding  principal  of  notes  issued  July  5, 
2013.  In November 2014, the Company redeemed the remaining principal of $7.5 million for an early 
redemption price equal to $1.03 per $1.00 (booked as interest expense) of outstanding principal amount 
plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon.  Interest expense recorded during the year on the July 5, 
2013 notes totaled $0.7 million, including the early redemption fee. 

In  conjunction  with  the  $8.0  million  notes  issued  July  5,  2013,  546,845  VARs  and  703,125  warrants 
remain outstanding.  Each whole warrant entitles the holder thereof,  until July 5, 2016, to acquire one 
common share in the capital of the Company at a purchase price equal to $0.75 per share.  Each whole 
VAR  entitles  the  holder  thereof,  until  July  5,  2016,  to  exercise  the  VAR  and  thereby  receive  a  cash 
payment equal to the difference between the market price of one  common share on the exercise date 
and $0.75.  The warrants and initial VAR valuation are valued based on the following key assumptions: 
a term of 3 years, volatility of 73% and a price of $0.75/share.   

On  January  21,  2015  the  Company  redeemed  its  January  25,  2013  notes  payable  for  a  redemption 
price of $2.0 million including principal and accrued and unpaid interest.  Approximately $0.8 million of 
the aggregate was paid in cash, and certain holders of the remaining $0.9 million of aggregate principal 
received  the  redemption  price  through  the  issuance  of  common  shares  of  the  Company  at  a  price  of 
$0.28 per common share in lieu of cash.  Interest expense recorded during the year on the January 25, 
2013 notes totaled $0.1 million. 

11. 

CREDIT FACILITIY 

Facility Agreement – Issued November 12, 2014 ($000s) 

Gross proceeds 
Total cash fees 

Unrealized foreign exchange loss 

Accretion  
Balance at March 31, 2015 

    15,364 
                                  (844) 
14,520 
2,307 
16,827 
155 
16,982 

In October 2014, Bengal closed its US $25 million secured credit facility with Westpac Institutional Bank 
and placed an  initial  draw  on November 12, 2014 of US $14.0 million.  The facility is secured by and 
available  to  the  Company’s  producing  assets  in  the  Cuisinier  field  in  Australia’s  Cooper  Basin,  has  a 
three-year term and carries an interest rate of US Libor plus 3.2% to 3.5% depending on certain reserve 

52  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

forecast parameters.   During the  year $0.3 million has been charged to financing expenses related to 
interest on the credit facility.   

The credit facility is structured as a reserves based revolving facility under a predetermined reduction 
schedule,  to  be  evaluated  based  on  existing  reserves  at  each  calculation  date.    Calculation  dates 
commence  December  31,  2015  and  occur  every  six  months  thereafter  until  June  30,  2017  with  a 
nominal reduction of $6.25 million to the facility limit at each calculation date based on the Company’s 
existing reserve profile.  The facility limit at March 31, 2015 is US $25 million.   

The credit facility’s covenants extend only to the Company’s ability to secure its debt as a percentage of 
reserve  forecasts  to  be  evaluated  at  each  calculation  date.    There  are  no  financial  covenants 
associated with this credit facility.     

12. 

DECOMMISSIONING AND RESTORATION LIABILITY 

The  total  decommissioning  and  restoration  obligations  were  estimated  by  management  based  on  the 
estimated  costs  to  reclaim  and  abandon  the  wells,  well  sites  and  certain  facilities  based  on  the 
Company’s contractual requirements. 

Changes to decommissioning and restoration obligations were as follows: 

($000s) 
Decommissioning liabilities, beginning of year 
Revision 
Decommissioning expenditures 
Additions 
Accretion 
Exchange adjustments 
Decommissioning liabilities, end of year 

                     $            358 
901 
                                  (19) 
217 
15 
                                  (18) 
$        1,454 

March 31, 2015  March 31, 2014 
$         320 
                     (82) 
- 
120 
8 
                       (8) 
  $        358 

The Company’s decommissioning liabilities result from ownership interests in petroleum and natural gas 
properties.  The  Company  estimates  the  total  inflation  adjusted  undiscounted  amount  of  cash  flows 
required  to  settle  its  decommissioning  and  restoration  costs  at  March  31,  2015  is  approximately 
$1,990,000 (March 31, 2014 – $567,000)  which  will  be incurred  between 2015  and  2038.  An  inflation 
factor ranging between 1.3% and 2.5% (2014 – 1.0% and 2.5%) and a risk free discount rate ranging 
between 2.3% and 4.1% (2014 – 1.5% and 4.1%) have been applied to the decommissioning liability at 
March 31, 2015.   

Revisions are entirely related to a change in cost estimates.   

13. 

SHARE CAPITAL 

(a)  Authorized: 

Unlimited number of common shares with no par value. 

Unlimited number of preferred shares, of which none have been issued. 

(b)  Issued: 

 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

The following provides a continuity of share capital: 

($000s) 
Balance at March 31, 2013 
Shares issued for cash 
Issued on conversion of convertible    

debentures 

Issued on exercise of stock options for cash 
Issued on cashless exercise of stock options 
Share issue costs 
Balance at March 31, 2014 

Issued on conversion of debt 
Issued on exercise of stock options for cash 
Issued from contributed surplus on exercise of   

stock options 
At March 31, 2015 

Number of Shares 
52,110,177 
9,500,666 

Amount 
           $      86,246 
5,700 

2,678,572 
351,667 
26,000 
- 
64,667,082 
3,485,714 
25,000 

- 
68,177,796 

1,500 
127 
- 
(422) 
93,151 
976 
14 

10 
94,151 

On January 23, 2015 two insiders were issued 3,485,714 common share of the Company valued at 
$0.28 per share in lieu of a cash settlement of $976,000 on repayment of notes payable. 

 (c)  Share-based compensation – stock options:  

The  Company  has  a  share  option  plan  for  directors,  officers,  employees  and  consultants  of  the 
Company  whereby  share  options  representing  up  to  10%  of  the  issued  and  outstanding  common 
shares can be granted by the Board of Directors. Share options are granted for a term of three to 
five years and vest one-third immediately and one-third on each of the next two anniversary dates. 
The exercise price of each option equals the market price of the Company’s common shares on the 
date of the  grant. Effective  with the option  grant on December 21,  2012,  vesting occurs one third 
after the first year and one third on each of the two subsequent anniversaries. 

Bengal  accounts  for  its  share-based  compensation  plan  using  the  fair  value  method.  Under  this 
method, each grant results in three instalments. The fair value of the first instalment is charged to 
profit  or  loss  immediately.  The  remaining  two  instalments  are  charged  to  profit  or  loss  over  their 
respective  vesting  period  of  one  and  two  years  respectively.  For  options  that  vest  one-third  each 
year after the first year anniversary, the fair value of the options are charged to profit and loss over 
the three year vesting period. Stock options granted under the plan can be exercised on a cashless 
basis, whereby the employee receives a lesser amount of shares in lieu of paying the exercise price 
based on the deemed market price of the shares on the exercise date, and withholding taxes if the 
employee so elects. 

A summary of stock option activity is presented below: 

Outstanding at March 31, 2013 

Granted 
Expired 
Forfeited 
Exercised 

Outstanding at March 31, 2014 

Granted 
Forfeited 
Expired 
Exercised 

54  

Options 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

4,196,665 
1,195,000 
(846,664) 
(270,001) 
          (401,667) 
       3,873,333 
- 
          (116,667) 
          (216,666) 
(25,000) 

$ 

$ 

0.98 
0.62 
1.23 
0.71 
0.36 
0.89 
- 
0.62 
0.99 
0.58 

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Outstanding at March 31, 2015 
Exercisable at March 31, 2015 

3,515,000 
2,938,341 

0.89 
$ 
$         0.95 

Options Outstanding 

Options Exercisable 

Option Price (1) 

$0.47 - $0.65 
$0.66 - $1.25 
$1.26 - $1.32 
Total 

Number 
Outstanding 
1,855,000 
1,080,000 
580,000 
3,515,000 

Exercise 
Price (2) 
$0.60 
$1.17 
$1.32 
$0.89 

Remaining 
Life (3) 
3.08 
1.84 
1.25 
2.40 

Number 
Exercisable 
1,278,341 
1,080,000 
580,000 
2,938,341 

Exercise 
Price (2) 

$0.60 
$1.17 
$1.32 
$0.95 

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 

Range of option exercise prices 
 Weighted average exercise price of options 
 Weighted average remaining contractual life of options in years 

The  fair  value  of  options  granted  were  estimated  on  the  date  of  grant  using  the  Black-Scholes 
option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions and resulting values: 

For the Year Ended 

Assumptions: 

Risk free interest rate (%) 
Expected life (years) 
Expected volatility (%)(1) 
Estimated forfeiture rate (%) 
Weighted average fair value of options granted  

Weighted average share price on date of grant  

March 31,  
2015 

March 31,  
2014 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

2.0% 
5 yr 
73% 
7.1% 
$0.37 

$0.62 

(1) 

Expected volatility is estimated by considering historic average share price volatility. 

The  fair  value  of  stock  options  granted  during  the  year  ended  March  31,  2015  was  $nil  (2014  - 
$417,000).  No options were granted during the year ended March 31, 2015. 

(d)  Per share amounts: 

Income (loss) per share is calculated based on net income (loss) and the weighted-average number 
of common shares outstanding.   

For the Year Ended ($000s) 

Income (loss) for the year 
Weighted average number of common shares (basic) 
Weighted average number of common shares (diluted) 
Basic and diluted income (loss) per share 

March 31,  
2015 
                       (3,172) 
65,349 
65,349 
                          (0.05) 

March 31,  
2014 
150 
63,134 
63,209 
0.00 

At  March  31,  2015,  there  were  3,515,000  (March  31,  2014  –  2,683,000)  options  considered  anti-
dilutive. In addition, there were 703,125 warrants and 546,875 value appreciation rights considered 
anti-dilutive. 

14. 

COMPENSATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL  

The  Company  considers  its  directors  and  executives  to  be  key  management  personnel.  The  key 
management personnel compensation is comprised of the following: 

 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Year ended March 31 ($000s) 
Salaries & employee benefits 
Share-based compensation(1) 
General & administrative expenses 

2015 
  $     840 
80 
$     920 

2014 
$        930 
208 
$     1,138 

(1)  Represents the amortization of share-based payment expense associated with the Company’s share-based compensation plans 

granted to key management personnel. 

Salaries  and  benefits  for  the  year  ended  March  31,  2015  include  a  non-recurring  retirement  payment  to 
former employees of $nil million (2014 - $0.2 million). 

15. 

FINANCE INCOME/EXPENSES  

Year ended March 31 ($000s) 
Interest income 
Accretion on decommissioning obligations 
Performance Security Guarantee fee (1) 
Letter of credit charges 
Interest on notes payable and credit facility 
Accretion on notes payable and change in 

fair value of VARs 

Finance income (expenses) 

2015 
$           18 
(15) 
(55) 
(32) 
(1,212) 

2014 
$         74            
8 
                                    (72) 
- 
                                  (771) 

(449) 
 $    (1,745) 

                                    (94) 
                        $      (855) 

(1)  Fees paid to Export Development Canada and ICICI Bank for security guarantees for onshore and offshore India work programs. 

16. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT  

The Company has exposure to credit, liquidity and market risk from its use of financial instruments. This 
note presents information about the Company’s exposure to these risks, the Company’s objectives and 
policies and processes for measuring and managing risk.  

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for identifying the principal risks of the Company and 
ensuring  the  policies  and  procedures  are  in  place  to  appropriately  manage  these  risks.  Bengal’s 
management  identifies,  analyzes  and  monitors  risks  and  considers  the  implication  of  the  market 
condition in relation to the Company’s activities. 

 (a) Credit risk:  

Credit risk is the risk of financial  loss to the Company  if  a customer or counterparty  to a financial 
instrument  fails  to meet  its  contractual  obligations,  and  arises  principally  from  Bengal’s  cash  calls 
paid  to  joint  venture  partners  and  receivables  from  petroleum  and  natural  gas  marketers.  As  at 
March 31, 2015, Bengal’s receivables consisted of $2.6 million (March 31, 2014 - $3.5 million) from 
joint venture partners and $0.5 million (March 31, 2014 - $0.3 million) of other trade receivables of 
which $0.5 million has been subsequently collected.  

Production  from  the  Canadian  operations  is  marketed  by  the  operator.  Bengal  established  a 
payment  schedule  with  the  operator  of  the  property  and  considers  the  entire  amount  to  be 
receivable.  

In Australia, production is purchased by a consortium led by one of Australia’s largest public oil and 
gas companies which is also the operator of Bengal’s production. Bengal has a Crude Oil Purchase 
Agreement with this purchaser and has not experienced any collection problems to date. 

Cash  calls  paid  to  Bengal’s  Australian  joint  venture  partners  are  held  in  trust  accounts  by  the 
partner until spent. Bengal attempts to mitigate the risk from joint venture receivables by approving 
significant spending by partners prior to expenditure and only paying the cash call shortly before the 
funds are to be spent. 

56  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

At  March  31,  2015,  the  Company  had  no  accounts  considered  past  due  (past  due  is  considered 
greater than 90 days outstanding). Bengal believes these receivables will be collected. 

The carrying amount of accounts receivable and cash and cash equivalents and the carrying value 
of its financial instruments represent the Company’s maximum credit exposure. Bengal establishes 
an  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  as  determined  by management  based  on  their  assessment  of 
collection. Bengal does not have an allowance for doubtful accounts as at March 31, 2015 and did 
not provide for any doubtful accounts nor was it required to write-off any receivables during the year 
ended  March  31,  2015.    Exposure  to  the  carrying  value  of  its  financial  instruments  relate  to  the 
Company’s  commodity  based  derivatives  held  by  Westpac  Banking  Corporation,  which  carries  a 
Standard & Poors credit rating of AA-.  Management considers the credit risk of these instruments 
to  be  adequately  mitigated  by  the  credit  stating  of  their  holder,  therefore  no  allowance  has  been 
established.   

Cash and cash equivalents, when held, consist of cash bank balances and guaranteed investment 
certificates  redeemable  at  any  time.  Bengal  manages  the  credit  exposure  related  to  guaranteed 
investments  by  selecting  counterparties  based  on  credit  ratings  and  monitors  all  investments  to 
ensure a stable return, avoiding complex investment vehicles with higher risk such as asset backed 
commercial paper. 

(b)  Liquidity risk:  

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations, including 
work commitments, as they are due. Bengal prepares an annual budget and updates forecasts for 
operating,  financing  and  investing  activities  on  an  ongoing  basis  to  ensure  it  will  have  sufficient 
liquidity to meet its liabilities when due.  

Bengal’s financial liabilities consist of accounts payable and accrued liabilities and credit facility and 
amounted to $19.3 million at March 31, 2015 (March 31, 2014 - $13.4 million).  

At March 31, 2015 the Company had $5.2 million of working capital, including cash and short-term 
deposits of $1.7 million and restricted cash of $0.1 million. 

During the year, Bengal finalized a US $25.0 million secured credit facility drawing US $14.0 million 
in November and subsequently redeeming its $8.0 million notes payable.  Proceeds from this facility 
are  restricted  for  use  within  the  Cuisinier  production  licence.    As  at  March  31,  2017,  US$  11.0 
million remains available and undrawn on this facility. 

During  the  year  ended  March  31,  2015,  there  has  been  a  significant  decrease  in  market  crude 
prices.  The Company’s oil sales are benchmarked on dated  Brent prices.   The Company  incurs 
most of its expenditures in Australian dollars which have depreciated significantly relative to the US 
dollar, in which the Company generates revenues. To mitigate net impact of declining crude prices, 
, the Company is acting with its joint venture partners to reduce discretionary spending and focus 
capital towards  lower risk projects with  near  near-term cash flow  upside.   The  Company has also 
entered into derivative commodity contracts, to reduce the impacts of price volatility.   

Bengal  will  continue  to  monitor  trends  in  commodity  prices  to  ensure  its  financial  obligations  are 
met, while continuing to grow its asset base where appropriate.   

The table below indicates the payment schedule for the credit facility: 

 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

Credit facility (US$000s) 
Fiscal year 2017 
Fiscal year 2018 

 (c)  Market risk: 

7,750 
6,250 
    14,000 

Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate 
because  of  changes  in  market  prices.  Market  risk  comprises  three  types  of  risk:  currency  risk, 
interest  rate  risk  and  other  price  risk.  The  Company  is  exposed  to  market  risks  resulting  from 
fluctuations in commodity prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates in the normal course of 
operations. A variety of derivative instruments may be used to reduce exposure to these risks. 

Foreign Currency Risk 

Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows will fluctuate 
as  a  result  of  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.  Bengal  receives  Canadian  dollars  for  sales  in 
Canada,  U.S.  dollars  for  Australian  oil  sales  and  incurs  expenditures  in  Australian,  Canadian  and 
U.S.  currencies.  Having  sales  and  expenditures  denominated  in  three  currencies  spreads  the 
impact of individual currency fluctuations. 

The  Company  may  enter  into  derivative  foreign  currency  contracts  in  order  to  manage  foreign 
currency exchange rate risk, but has not done so to date.  

The table below shows the Company’s exposure to foreign currencies for its financial instruments:  

As at March 31, 2015 ($000s)  

Cash and short-term deposits 
Restricted cash 
Accounts receivable 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Notes payable and other long-term  
  liability 
Credit facility 
Fair value of financial instruments 

Commodity Price Risk 

CAD 

AUD  

USD  

$   130 
140 
70 
(250) 

(3) 
- 
- 
$    87 

$   1,094 
- 
3,039 
(2,008) 

$   525 
- 
- 
(31) 

- 
- 

(16,982) 
4,966 
$   2,125  $   (11,522) 

Commodity price risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows will fluctuate as a result of a 
change in commodity prices. Commodity prices for petroleum and natural gas are impacted by not 
only  the  relationship  between  the  Canadian  and  United  States  dollar,  as  outlined  above,  but  also 
world economic events that dictate the levels of supply and demand. Australian oil prices are based 
on the Daily Brent reference price, which trades at a premium to WTI.  

At March 31, 2015, the following derivative contracts  were outstanding and recorded at estimated 
fair value: 

58  

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Time Period 

Type of Contract 

Apr 1, 2015 – May 31, 2017 
Apr 1, 2015 – May 31, 2017 
($000s) 
Current fair value of financial instruments 
Non-current fair value of financial instruments 
Total 

Oil - Swap 
Oil – Put option 

Quantity 
Contracted 
(bbls) 
130,252 
106,569 
Oil - swap 
1,161 
1,359 
2,520 

Price Floor 
(US$/bbl) 

Fixed Price 
(US$/bbl) 

N/A 
80.00 

Oil – put  
1,003 
1,443 
2,446 

80.00 
- 
Total 
2,164 
2,802 
4,966 

A  US$1.00  increase  in  the  future  crude  oil  price  per  barrel  would  result  in  an  approximate  US 
$237,000  decrease  in  the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  at  March  31,  2015  while  a  $US1 
decrease  would  result  in  an  increase  of  approximately  US$237,000  in  the  fair  value  of  the 
instruments. 

Interest Rate Risk 

Interest  rate  risk  is  the  risk  that  future  cash  flows  will  fluctuate  as  a  result  of  changes  in  market 
interest  rates.  The  Company  is  not  exposed  to  material  interest  rate  risk  on  its  cash  and  cash 
equivalents at March 31, 2015 as the funds are not invested in an interest bearing instrument. The 
Company is exposed to interest rate risk on its credit facility. The Company’s credit facility carries a 
floating interest rate based on quoted US dollar LIBOR rates.  The Company  had no interest rate 
derivatives at March 31, 2015.   

For the year ended March 31, 2015, a 1% increase in LIBOR would increase interest expense on 
the credit facility by $66.  

17. 

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The  Company’s  policy  is  to  maintain  a  strong  capital  base  for  the  objectives  of  maintaining  financial 
flexibility  which  will  allow  it  to  execute  on  its  capital  investment  program,  provide  creditor  and  market 
confidence and to sustain future development of the business. 

The  Company  manages  its  capital  structure  and  makes  adjustments  by  continually  monitoring  its 
business conditions, including: changes in economic conditions, the risk profile of its drilling inventory, 
the  efficiencies  of  past  investments,  the  efficiencies  of  forecasted  investments  and  the  timing  of  such 
investments, the forecasted cash balances, the forecasted commodity prices and resulting cash flow. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may from time to time issue shares (if 
available  on reasonable terms), issue debt  instruments, sell  assets, farm out properties and adjust its 
capital spending to manage current and projected cash levels.  There can be no assurance that equity 
financing will be available or sufficient to meet capital commitments, or for other corporate purposes, or 
if equity financing is available, that it will be on terms acceptable to the Company.  

The  Company  has  drawn  US  $14  million  from  its  US  $25  million  available  credit  facility  and  typically 
structures its debt position below 2.0 times projected 12 month net operating cash flows. The Company 
is within these parameters at March 31, 2015.    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

18. 

CHANGES IN NON-CASH WORKING CAPITAL 

Year ended March 31 ($000s) 
Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Impact of foreign exchange 
Total 
Relating to: 
Operating 
Financing 
Investing 

Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2015 
712 
142 
(1,885)   
48 
(983) 

2,332 
(673) 
(2,642) 
(983) 

The following represents the cash interest paid and received in each period. 

Year ended March 31 ($000s) 
Cash interest paid 
Cash interest received 

$ 
$ 

2015 
1,201 
13 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

19. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Commitments: 

2014 
(271) 
(380) 
(449) 
(305) 
(1,405) 

(592) 
(808) 
(5) 
(1,405) 

2014 
708 
74 

Pursuant to current production sharing contracts (“PSC”), the Company is required to perform minimum 
exploration activities that include various types of surveys, acquisition and processing of seismic data 
and drilling of exploration wells. Additional commitments are reflected where the Company has agreed 
with joint venture partners to proceed with activities. The costs of these activities are based on minimum 
work  budgets  included  in  bid  documents  and  have  not  been  provided  for  in  the  financial  statements. 
Actual costs will vary from budget. 

Country and 
Permit 

Work Program 

Obligation 
Period Ending 

Estimated 
Expenditure (net) 
(millions CAD$)(1) 

Onshore India – CY-
ONN-2005/1 

Three wells 

Currently under Force 
Majeure(2) 

$5.3  

(1) Translated at March 31, 2015 at an exchange rate of US $1.00 = CAD $1.2642 
 (2) If the Company did not participate in the drilling of three wells, costs of $5.3 million would be impaired and the 

Company’s interest in the permit would decline. 

At March 31, 2015 the Company had the following lease commitment for office space in Canada. 

($000s) 
April 2015 to March 2017 

Office lease 

Total 

$         595 

Less than  
1 Year 
263 

1-3 
Years 
332 

4-5 
Years 
- 

After  
5 Years 
- 

Effective  April  1,  2012  the  Company  entered  into  a  head  lease  in  Calgary,  Canada  for  a  term  of  five 
years. 

60  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Contingencies: 

Effective  March  1,  2015  ATP  934  has  been  granted  for  a  period  of  12  years  comprised  of  3,  4  year 
terms.  In  the  first  four  year  work  program  Bengal  is  committed  to  capital  spending  of  approximately 
$22.6 million dollars (net $11.3 million) dedicated to  acquisition of new 2D  and  3D seismic as well as 
drilling of up to 8 new wells.  Bengal has made application to the Queensland Government for a smaller 
work program to reflect geographical conditions that may preclude surface access to parts of ATP 934. 

Country and 
Permit 

Work Program 

Obligation 
Period Ending 

Estimated 
Expenditure (net) 
(millions CAD$) 

Onshore Australia – 
ATP 934P 

Awaiting Ministerial approval before 
granting of ATP 

4 years after grant of 
ATP 

$ 11.3 

20. 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE  

Bengal’s  consolidated  statement  of  income  (loss)  and  comprehensive  income  (loss)  is  prepared 
primarily by nature of expense.  All salaries for the Company are included in general and administrative 
expenses  and  for  the  year  ended  March  31,  2015  amount  to  $1.4  million  (March  31,  2014  -  $1.4 
million). 

21. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

On July 5, 2013, the Company issued $8.0 million of 10% non-convertible notes with warrants or value 
appreciation rights.  Members of the Board of Directors of the Company subscribed for approximately 
44% of the principal amount of the notes issued pursuant to the  private placement.  In October 2014, 
the  Company  repaid  $500,000  of  outstanding  principal  of  notes  issued  July  5,  2013  (“Notes”).    In 
November 2014, the Company redeemed the Notes for a redemption price equal to $1.03 per $1.00 of 
outstanding principal amount plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon. 

On  January  24,  2014  the  Company  extended  its  $1.75  million  notes  payable  to  January  23,  2015.  
Members of the Board of Directors of the Company held 100% of this facility, which was fully redeemed 
on January 21, 2015.  Two directors were issued 3,485,714 shares of the Company valued at $0.28 per 
share in lieu of a cash settlement of $976,000. 

22. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Effective April 1, 2015 Bengal acquired an additional 30% working interest in ATP 934 from one of its 
Joint  Venture  partners  for  a  total  acquisition  price  of  $0.1  million.  This  acquisition  is  subject  to 
ministerial approval.  The remaining joint venture partner, effective June 19, 2015 exercised its option to 
purchase 8.6% of this interest; therefore Bengal’s current working interest is 71.4%. 

23. 

SEGMENTED INFORMATION 

As  at  March  31,  2015,  the  Company  has  three  reportable  operating  segments  being  the  Australian, 
Canadian and India oil and gas operations. 

Revenue reported below represents revenue generated from external customers. There were not inter-
segment sales in any of the reported periods. 

The  accounting  policies  of  the  reportable  segments  are  the  same  as  the  group’s  accounting  policies. 
Segment profit represents the profit earned by each segment without allocation of central administration 

 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

costs and directors’ salaries, finance costs and income tax expense. This is the measure reported to the 
chief  operating  decision  maker  for  the  purposes  of  resource  allocation  and  assessment  of  segment 
performance.  

62  

 
For the year ended March 31, 2015 ($000s) 

Revenue 
Interest revenue 
Interest expense 
Depletion and depreciation 
Net (earnings) loss  
Exploration and evaluation expenditures 
Petroleum and natural gas property 

expenditures 

Property, plant & equipment expenditures 
Impairment losses (recovery) 
March 31, 2015 ($000s) 

Petroleum and natural gas properties 

Cost 
Impairment loss 
Accumulated depletion, depreciation and 

accretion 

Net book value  

Exploration and evaluation assets 
  Accumulated impairment losses 
Net book value  

Property, plant & equipment 

Accumulated depletion, depreciation and 

accretion 
Impairment 
Net book value  

For the year ended March 31, 2014 ($000s) 

Revenue 
Interest revenue 
Interest expense 
Depletion and depreciation 
Net (earnings) loss  
Exploration and evaluation expenditures 
Petroleum and natural gas property 

expenditures 

Property, plant & equipment expenditures 
Impairment losses (recovery) 
March 31, 2014 ($000s) 

Petroleum and natural gas properties 

Cost 
Impairment loss 
Accumulated depletion, depreciation and 

accretion 

Net book value  

Exploration and evaluation assets 
Accumulated impairment losses 
Net book value  

Property, plant & equipment 

Accumulated depletion, depreciation and 

accretion 
Impairment 
Net book value  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Canada 
274 
1 
880 
413 
      (6,964) 
- 

India 
- 
- 
- 
- 
           (562) 
105 

Total 
15,669 
18 
1,212 
5,036 
       (3,172) 
3,189 

Australia 
15,395 
17 
332 
4,623 
4,354 
3,084 

10,274 
- 
1,592 

- 
- 
3,296 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

10,274 
- 
4,888 

39,044 
       (1,233) 

      (10,689) 
27,122 

40,616 
    (12,371) 
28,245 

5,130 

          (403) 
      (4,727) 
- 

34,407 
          (796) 

4,637 
          (437) 

(6,586) 
27,025 

       (4,103) 
97 

32,653 
      (11,179) 
21,474 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

5,130 

         (403) 
      (4,727) 
- 

7,963 
        (1,192) 
6,771 
- 

- 

- 

Australia 
19,480 
73 
- 
4,435 
6,802 
767 

14,313 
- 
- 

Canada 
342 
1 
777 
96 
       (4,976) 
- 

India 
- 
- 
- 
- 
      (1,676) 
1,196 

- 
371 
1,928 

- 
- 
1,173 

Total 
19,822 
74 
777 
4,531 
150 
1,963 

14,313 
371 
3,101 

24,105 
- 

4,617 
- 

      (3,034) 
21,071 

30,619 
     (9,621) 
20,998 

        (4,019) 
598 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

28,722 
- 

      (7,053) 
21,669 

6,993 
        (1,170) 
5,823 

37,612 
    (10,791) 
26,821 

- 

- 
- 
- 

5,127 

        (70) 
      (1,557) 
     3,500 

- 

- 

- 

5,127 

            (70) 
      (1,557) 
3,500 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BENGAL ENERGY LTD. 

CORPORATE INFORMATION  

AUDITORS 

KPMG LLP • Calgary, Canada  

LEGAL COUNSEL  

Burnet, Duckworth & Palmer LLP • Calgary, Canada  
Johnson Winter Slattery • Brisbane, Australia  

BANKERS  

Royal Bank of Canada • Calgary, Canada  
West Pac Bank • Brisbane, Australia  
Commonwealth Bank • Brisbane, Australia  
ICICI Bank Ltd. • Calgary, Canada and Mumbai, India  

REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT  

Valiant Trust Corporation • Calgary, Canada  

INVESTOR RELATIONS  

5 Quarters Investor Relations, Inc. • Calgary, Canada 

DIRECTORS  

Chayan Chakrabarty 
Peter D. Gaffney 
James B. Howe  
Dr. Brian J. Moss 
Robert D. Steele 
Ian J. Towers (Chairman) 
W.B. (Bill) Wheeler 

DISCLOSURE COMMITTEE 

All Directors are members of the Committee 

AUDIT COMMITTEE  

James B. Howe (Chairman)  
Robert D. Steele  
W.B. (Bill) Wheeler 

RESERVES COMMITTEE   
Peter D. Gaffney (Chairman) 
Dr. Brian J. Moss 

GOVERNANCE AND COMPENSATION COMMITTEE  
Peter D. Gaffney 
Dr. Brian J. Moss 
Robert D. Steele (Chairman) 
Ian J. Towers  

OFFICERS  

Chayan Chakrabarty, President & Chief Executive Officer 
Richard N. Edgar, Executive Vice President 
Jerrad Blanchard, Chief Financial Officer  
Gordon R. MacMahon, Vice President, Exploration 
Bruce Allford, Secretary  

STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING – TSX: BNG 

64