Bio-Rad Laboratories Annual Report 2009

Plain-text annual report

9 0 0 2 t r o p e R l a u n n A | s e i r o t a r o b a L d a R - o B i Focused On: the Details Most letters to shareholders this year will make some reference to the economic environment of 2009 and its ultimate effects on the year’s results. Like others, we too experienced the economic adjustments in spending patterns by our customers. On a reported basis, our sales increased only 1%. However, when you focus in on the details, currency fluctuations had a major effect on the underlying growth, which was actually 5.5% excluding the impact of currency changes. Another indicator of our progress is net income which topped $145 million, an increase of 62% over last year. David Schwartz Norman Schwartz CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD PRESIDENT Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009FOCUSED ON: OUR SHAREHOLDERSAs with most companies in our markets, Apart from the economy and attention to Another area of continued investment for the economy and its effects on business operational improvements, we continued us is in the fast growing markets of Asia, was a major focus during the year. It our usual focus of developing new prod- Eastern Europe, and Latin America. All of caused many to rethink their operations ucts to meet the ever advancing needs these areas are experiencing higher than and to make changes, some dramatic. of our customers. To that end, there average growth rates and we foresee these What was billed as a “stimulus package” at are a number of exciting new products as continuing fertile ground for growth. the beginning of the year turned out to be introduced during the year and others an anti-stimulus package, as our research planned as 2010 progresses. Significant customers spent time writing grant propos- among those introduced in 2009 were als and carefully managing their current new real-time thermal cycler systems; a grants in anticipation of fresh government new line of reagents for quantitative PCR; investments into basic research. Mean- precast electrophoresis gels, which offer while, our Diagnostics business remained our customers faster run times; mag- robust. This was somewhat counter-intui- netic bead assays for the research tive, given higher levels of unemployment. Bio-Plex® system to improve perfor- In our case, we were financially sound and operationally streamlined, there- mance of the assays; and new assays for the BioPlex® 2200. Balancing our product and market focus is the need to continually improve and streamline our operations to accommo- date our growth and to remain competi- tive. To that end, we are making a number of operational improvements around the way we transact business with our customers and deliver products to those customers. In 2009, we installed a new e-commerce system in the U.S. and we will roll this out to the rest of the world over fore we were somewhat insulated from The new product pipeline for 2010 is the next 12 to 18 months. We have also perturbations in our markets. Addition- strong. Our Life Science Group has an embarked on a project to upgrade and ally, our product line is not as tied to the exciting lineup of interesting new prod- standardize some of our business systems. The New Year brings with it renewed optimism. While we will still approach the near term with caution, we have a lot to look forward to as we round the corner to $2 billion. Thank you for your continued interest in Bio-Rad. volatility of capital equipment markets in ucts to be introduced throughout the contrast to some others. It was, never- year. Our Diagnostics Group is planning theless, a good time for us to re-evaluate for three new BioPlex 2200 panels to some of our day-to-day practices with clear FDA approval and is preparing to the purpose of improving cash flow. launch our new automated IH-1000 plat- As you can see in our financials, the result was outstanding. Throughout the Company, people looked at what was be- ing done on a daily basis and discovered hundreds of mostly small improvements we could make which, when added up, helped to increase our cash flow from $191 million to $325 million. Some of these were one time in nature, but we expect many of them will be sustaining. form to serve the blood typing market. In the first few days of 2010, Diagnostics completed the acquisition of some key diagnostic product lines, further increas- ing our offerings in the area of blood typ- ing. This is an area where we have made significant investments over the past few years and the addition of these products gives us access to the very important Norman Schwartz North American market. PRESIDENT David Schwartz CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD A decade into the 21st Century, advances in healthcare continue to offer the promise of new and better therapies for disease control and prevention. In virtually every field of biomedical research and practice, significant progress is being made in bringing new treatments to market and improving existing procedures. At Bio-Rad, we build the industry leading instruments and products that help enable these advances. Our success is based on our uncompromising focus on the most important details in any given area—from shortening the time it takes to find high-value proteins to making it easier to amplify DNA strands to accelerating the pace of separations in gel electrophoresis. Not all of these details are “small”. But they all make a huge difference in the lives of the people who benefit from them. page 2Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009Focused On: 2010 page 4It wasn’t so long ago that the sequencing of the human genome signaled a historic milestone in bio- medical science, with the promise of new and as-yet untapped possibilities for the diagnosis of disease. While this effort exponentially expanded our knowledge of genes and their func- tion, it also raised new and important questions about the true causes of disease—questions that were not answerable by studying only the genome. Genes alone cannot explain the complexity of how the human body works and what goes wrong when a disease occurs. Much can be explained, however, by studying the intricate interactions of proteins. Instead of removing the hay, attract the needle. FOCUSED ON: PROTEIN SAMPLE PREPARATION DIGGING DEEPER IN THE PROTEOME, PROTEOMINER™ PROTEIN ENRICHMENT TECHNOLOGY ENHANCES THE POTENTIAL FOR BIOMARKER DISCOVERY BY HELPING RESEARCHERS DISCOVER “LOW ABUNDANCE” PROTEINS OF INTEREST THAT CANNOT BE DETECTED THROUGH TRADITIONAL METHODS. Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009page 6FOCUSED ON: PROTEIN SAMPLE PREPARATION As research progresses today, it is the highly complex proteome—the set of proteins expressed by the genetic material of an organism that are coded by genes—that offers the key to both disease research and the discovery of protein biomarkers specific to a variety of diseases. A major obstacle to finding these proteins, However, with Bio-Rad’s ProteoMiner however, is that only about 20 percent protein enrichment technology, the low- of them are of interest to researchers. abundance proteins are targeted and These low-abundance yet information-rich captured directly, resulting in a higher proteins are typically “hidden” among the concentration of these proteins of interest other proteins in the cell, which compli- at the conclusion of the process. More cates scientists’ search for them. So the needles, less hay. question becomes how to locate these potentially “interesting” proteins—quickly and efficiently—amidst all the filler. Further, where conventional depletion strategies tend to be antibody-based and require a sample to be a bodily fluid such Enter Bio-Rad. Until the introduction of as serum, ProteoMiner allows for non- Bio-Rad’s ProteoMiner™ protein enrich- serum-based samples such as tissues ment technology, the method of discovery and saliva as well, resulting in far more of proteins of interest has been an indirect flexibility with sample sources. process of elimination referred to as a “depletion” strategy: removing the high- abundance, low value proteins to find the low-abundance, high value proteins. In other words, to find the “needle” remove the “hay”. Unfortunately, during this process, some of the high-abundance proteins can adhere to the proteins of interest. So as the hay is removed, some of the needles get removed, too, making this strategy highly inefficient. The capacity of Bio-Rad’s ProteoMiner sample preparation tool to help unveil the proteome has led to its worldwide use in laboratories that are involved in the discovery of protein biomarkers for diseases. Capturing high-value proteins, after all, captures attention. page 8Every year, millions of people receive life-saving blood transfusions either to replace blood lost during surgery or as the result of a serious injury. Trans- fusions may also be done on a regu- lar basis for individuals whose bodies cannot properly produce blood due to an illness. For blood transfusions to be safe and effective, donor blood must be carefully screened and then meticulously matched to a patient’s blood type to ensure compatibility between the two. The human body’s biological defense mechanism includes a sophisticated system that recognizes “foreign” substances—antigens, with names like Duffy, Lewis, Kidd, and Kell—in donor blood cells and in response sends its own antibodies out to meet them, and fight, if necessary. If the two combatants are incompatible, the battle is engaged: the cells clump together, or agglutinate, and clog the vessels carrying them, releasing hemoglobin into the blood stream. The hemoglobin is eventually transported to the kidney, resulting in blockage, failure, and even, possibly, death. The widest range of tests, from the smallest drops of blood. FOCUSED ON: IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY FOCUSED ON: IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY So the question arises when a patient needs blood: how can a hospital or clinic be sure that—from vein-to-vein—a donor’s blood won’t cause an adverse clinical reaction? The answer is extremely complex, and it As a global company, Bio-Rad has access is what immunohematology is all about: to multiple diverse blood sources, the study of antigen-antibody reactions allowing us to manufacture a large as they relate to blood compatibility. Immunohematology tests for the attraction between the antigens on the surface of a donor’s red blood cells and the antibodies that are in a recipi- ent’s plasma. In a three-step process, an ABO typing test is first performed. Next, after a basic match of blood types has been made, a lab or hospital performs a general antibody screen, in which antibodies in the patient’s plasma are combined with a red cell reagent pool of the most clinically significant antigens. And finally, if no incompatibility is detected a “cross- match” is performed, in which the red cells in the donor blood and the plasma of the patient are mixed together to ensure that there is no reaction. The underlying principle behind this work is that, whether for transfusion or transplantation, the more reagents there are available to test, the greater the number of incompatibilities that may be ruled out, thus the greater the confi- dence in the match. number of reagent red cells that have clinically relevant antigen profiles. In addition, we have at our disposal a significant arsenal of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, which further enlarge the pool of test cell possibilities, allowing customers to dig deeper to discover possible interactions between antibodies and antigens. But materials are only half the story. We also provide a complete range of technologies—from traditional test tube methods to gel cards and microplates for high-volume settings—that offer blood banks, donor centers, hospitals, and transfusion centers a wide spec- trum of choice and flexibility in running their tests. And finally, Bio-Rad offers automated systems and comprehensive software, as well as unparalleled tech- nical support, so that customers get the right products in the right configura- tion at the right specificity. The result is a comprehensive immu- nohematology solution that enables the widest range of tests from the smallest drops of blood. page 10Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009EVERY DETAIL MATTERS WHEN IT COMES TO DETERMINING COMPATIBILITY OF A DONOR’S AND PATIENT’S BLOOD. BIO-RAD OFFERS CLINICIANS THE TOOLS THEY NEED TO DO THE DETECTIVE WORK—ENSURING THEY FIND EXACTLY WHAT THEY ARE LOOKING FOR: A PERFECT MATCH. page 12Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction, known simply as PCR, has grown over the last three decades to become a common and often indispensable technique used in a wide range of medical and biological research areas, from analysis and forensic investiga- tion—where there may be only a few drops of blood available—to the basic study and identification of genes. Much like a photocopier, PCR amplifies, or replicates, a fragment of DNA—in this case into thousands, millions, and even billions of copies, allowing researchers to have adequate samples with which to make specific proteins, compare gene sequences, and perform a variety of other applications that lead to a better understanding of the complex biological systems around us. Amplifying small fragments, for big results.FOCUSED ON: DNA RESEARCHpage 14 REFLECTING ON ITS YEARS OF EXPERIENCE WRITING PCR PROTOCOLS, BIO-RAD OFFERS THE C1000 THERMAL CYCLER’S PROTOCOL AUTOWRITER TO HELP RESEARCHERS GET STARTED QUICKLY ON THEIR PCR EXPERIMENTS AND OPTIMIZE THEIR RUN TIMES FOR BEST RESULTS.Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009FOCUSED ON: DNA RESEARCH Bio-Rad has been an important contributor to the success of PCR since 1989, supplying scientists with thermal cyclers, reagents, and related products designed to help make their tasks easier. Thermal cyclers, as the name implies, instrument automatically generates the help in the PCR process by separating “recipe” the thermal cycler will use, based DNA strands and re-annealing (or recom- on Bio-Rad’s long experience in the field. bining) them through a process of rapid As a result, researchers can obtain accurate heating and cooling. Bio-Rad’s thermal and reliable results with shorter run times cycler products played an important role and optimized thermal performance. in laboratories across the country and around the world for the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s massive Human Genome Project, which was mapped in 2003. With this map in hand, a new, more informed, journey began to discover new pathways that may lead to a better under- standing of gene function and therefore the basis of disease. What’s next? In today’s interconnected world, researchers expect the flexibility of having information on demand—wherever they are. And so in 2009, Bio-Rad intro- duced a real-time PCR application guide for Apple’s iPhone. The application guide puts at the fingertips of those conducting PCR several helpful tools including tutorials, troubleshooting tips, and assay-specific In January 2008, Bio-Rad introduced information. Think of it as another small step in large- scale amplification. its next-generation PCR instrumentation, the innovative 1000-series thermal cycling platform, which for the first time allowed researchers to automate the writing of protocols used to amplify DNA. Prior to this, protocols, or instructions, had to be created by the researcher, meticulously detailing every step of the heating and cooling cycle, taking into account experi- ment parameters such as PCR product length, enzyme type, and DNA binding temperatures. But with the protocol autowriter on Bio-Rad’s C1000™ thermal cycler, all a researcher has to do is enter these experiment parameters, and the page 16It’s the simple assurance of knowing that a result is right. Of not having to spend extra time or resources determining whether an outcome is a reliable result. Of having one less thing to worry about. And all thanks to a small bottle of liquid. Call it liquid “gold”… When a physician orders a test and a sample of blood is drawn, the patient sample is sent to a lab for testing to determine, for example, what their triglycerides, cholesterol, or glucose levels are. The tests are run and the results are produced, but before they’re sent to the physician for review, the laboritorian must ensure quality results. That means verifying that all of the variables that may have errone- ously affected the results all worked as they were supposed to. A lot of confidence in a little vial.FOCUSED ON: QUALITY CONTROLS FOCUSED ON: QUALITY CONTROLS In a continuum, that begins from the time a sample is drawn from a patient, to how it was collected, handled, and stored, to the time it is tested and the integrity of the instrument, reagents, and even the individual conducting the test may come into question, the potential of an error occurring exists. This is where quality controls come in. Quality controls are known samples that To provide highly reliable controls, Bio-Rad provide expected values and expected creates specially prepared samples. To results, ensuring that the most reli- further enhance quality, Bio-Rad provides able data goes back to the physician or powerful software for monitoring lab healthcare worker—and, most impor- performance, which offers labs a way to tantly, to the patient. Controls are run the track data points over time—through pa- same way and on the same instrument rameters such as mean, standard devia- as a patient sample. If the control delivers tion, and more—enabling them to keep expected results, then the laboritorian track of how their controls are performing can feel confident that the patient sample and to ensure that their instruments and run the same way will yield a reliable reagents are working properly. Then, result as well. Physicians depend on the labs they use; they assume that the sample they sent was tested properly, so that they may in turn make clinical decisions based on those results. An incorrect diagnosis could lead to over- or under-treatment, resulting thanks to Bio-Rad’s QC data manage- ment solutions that include large peer groups of test systems and assay (test) methods, labs are able to compare their results with those from other labs around the world. So they always know what to expect from the systems they’re using. in potentially dire clinical consequences. No matter how you look at it, it’s a power- ful guarantee of quality that produces gold star results, coming from the smallest of bottles. page 18Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009BIO-RAD OFFERS THE WORLD’S MOST COMPREHENSIVE MENU OF QUALITY CONTROL PRODUCTS COVERING ANALYTES FOR IMMUNOASSAY, THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING, CHEMISTRY, CARDIAC ASSESSMENT, IMMUNOLOGY, DIABETES, INFECTIOUS DISEASE TESTING AND MORE. page 20As the industry leader in electrophoresis for 35 years, Bio-Rad has been at the forefront of making our customers’ workflows easier and more productive. Over the years, we have focused on three areas of improvement: the reproducibility of results, ease of use, and speed. For years, scientists spent valuable time and labor “hand casting” their own gels. Even though hand-cast gels are effective, they can be inconsistent from batch to batch. This inconsistency may be reflected in the gel’s reliability, as well as in the reproducibility of its results. Because researchers repeat their experiments to ensure the accuracy of their results, the last thing they want to worry about is variable performance of the gels. Being one of the most basic tools and commonly used techniques researchers use in the lab, electrophoresis should be as easy as making toast. It is the technique of separating and identifying DNA, RNA, or protein molecules by applying an electric field to them. The position of these molecules in the gel reveals their size and electric charge. This common lab procedure is among one of the most widely used in a variety of biotechnology applications, from diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of diseases and conditions to studying the genetic makeup of living organisms to determining the paternity of a parent. In spite of its presence in labs worldwide, electrophoresis can be a time-consum- ing process. With gel cycles potentially taking hours to run, academic and pharmaceutical researchers must consider the tradeoffs in a typical workday of conducting multiple elec- trophoresis procedures or doing other, more productive, tasks. The result is a workflow that is often far less efficient than it could be. Getting the same performance, in far less time.FOCUSED ON: GEL ELECTROPHORESISBECAUSE GOOD IS NEVER GOOD ENOUGH, BIO-RAD HAS CONTINUED TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OF ITS GEL ELECTROPHORESIS PRODUCTS, FOCUSING ON EVERY DETAIL. AS A RESULT, GEL ELECTROPHORESIS CONTINUES TO GET EASIER—AND NOW FASTER. IMAGINE TOASTING A PIECE OF BREAD IN JUST 20 SECONDS… page 22Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 2009FOCUSED ON: GEL ELECTROPHORESIS In the early 1990s, Bio-Rad gave researchers the option to forego hand casting with the introduction of the first in our line of easy-to-use, ready-to-run precast gels, offering results in less than an hour. But we didn’t stop there. Our customers rely on us for continuous buffers, power supplies, and instruments. improvement. Through the years we’ve In addition to their short run times and continued to improve our gels’ resolution, high performance, the gels also feature a performance, and shelf life. In 2004, we long shelf life, allowing researchers to have added automation to the process using gels at their disposal in their laboratories. a lab-on-a-chip technology to create the Experion™ automated electrophoresis system, giving researchers the ability to get results even more quickly and efficiently. With the Mini-PROTEAN TGX gels, the improvement of a single, simple compo- nent in an otherwise complex process requires no changes to the way our cus- And at the end 2009, we introduced a new tomers work. Except, perhaps, for getting series of the next generation of precast used to being able to do their research gels that promise to cut run cycles by faster, and ending up with more time on a factor of as much as six, bringing run their hands. Call it our small way of accelerating the pace of discovery to ultimately provide better healthcare for all. times down to as little as 10 minutes without compromising performance. Our new Mini-PROTEAN® TGX™ precast gels are designed to be completely plug- and-play, working seamlessly with the industry’s gold standard Laemmli buffer system. Because Laemmli is the system of choice for most researchers, it was important that our gels be completely compatible—working with what our customers were already using, including FOCUSED ON: THE BUSINESS OF BIO-RAD Bio-Rad Laboratories has played a leading role in the advancement of scientific discovery for nearly 60 years by providing a broad range of innovative tools and services to the life science research and clinical diagnostics markets. Founded in 1952, Bio-Rad has a global team of more than 6,800 employees and serves more than 85,000 research and industry customers worldwide through its global network of operations. Throughout its existence, Bio-Rad has built strong customer relationships that advance scientific research and development efforts and support the introduction of new technology used in the growing fields of genomics, proteomics, drug discovery, food safety, medical diagnostics, and more. L I F E S C I E N C E S C L I N I C A L D I A G N O S T I C S Bio-Rad’s Life Science Group develops, Clinical Diagnostics develops, manufac- manufactures, and markets a wide range tures, sells, and supports a large portfolio of laboratory instruments, apparatus, and of products for medical screening and consumables used for research in func- diagnostics. Bio-Rad is a leading specialty tional genomics, proteomics, and food diagnostics company and its products are safety. The group ranks among the top recognized as the gold standard for five life science companies world-wide, diabetes monitoring and quality control and maintains a solid reputation for quality, (QC) systems. The company is also well innovation, and commitment to its cus- known for its blood virus testing and tomers. Bio-Rad’s life science products detection, blood typing, autoimmune and are based on technologies used to sepa- genetic disorders testing, and internet- rate, purify, identify, analyze, and amplify based software products. Bio-Rad’s biological materials such as proteins and clinical diagnostics products incorporate nucleic acids. These technologies include a broad range of technologies used to electrophoresis, imaging, multiplex immu- detect, identify, and quantify substances noassay, chromatography, microbiology, in bodily fluids and tissues. The results are bioinformatics, protein function analysis, used as aids to support medical diagnosis, transfection, amplification, and real-time detection, evaluation, and the monitoring PCR. Bio-Rad products support researchers and treatment of diseases and other in laboratories throughout the world. medical conditions. page 24Bio-Rad Laboratories | Annual Report 20092009 FINANCI AL HIGHLIG HTS FI V E -YE AR R EC OR D ( I N M I L L I O N S , E X C E P T P E R S H A R E D ATA ) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Net Sales Gross Profit $ 1,181.0 $ 1,273.9 $ 1,461.1 $ 1,764.4 $ 1,784.2 $ 646.5 $ 712.5 $ 791.4 $ 962.5 $ 999.8 Research Expenditures $ 115.1 $ 123.4(1) $ 140.5(1) $ 159.5 $ 163.6 Net Income Return On Sales $ 81.6 $ 103.3 $ 93.0 $ 89.5 $ 144.6 6.9% 8.1% 6.4% 5.1% 8.1% Book Value Per Share $ 25.09 $ 30.92 $ 36.12 $ 38.11 $ 45.76 Basic Earnings Per Share $ 3.13 $ 3.92 $ 3.48 $ 3.30 $ 5.28 Cash Flow From Operations $ 108.3 $ 118.2 $ 191.6 $ 191.4 $ 325.1 1. EXCLUDES $7.7 MILLION AND $4.1 MILLION OF PURCHASED R&D IN 2007 AND 2006, RESPECTIVELY 2009 SALES BY REGION NET SALES ( I N M I L L I O N S ) CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS ( I N M I L L I O N S ) BASI C EARNINGS PE R SH ARE 2 . 4 8 7 , 1 4 $ . 4 6 7 , 1 $ 1 . 1 6 4 , 1 $ 9 . 3 7 2 , 1 $ 0 . 1 8 1 , 1 $ 8 2 . 5 $ 2 9 . 3 $ 3 1 . 3 $ 8 4 . 3 $ 0 3 . 3 $ 1 . 5 2 3 $ 6 . 1 9 1 $ 4 . 1 9 1 $ 2 . 8 1 1 $ 3 . 8 0 1 $ 05 06 07 08 09 05 06 07 08 09 05 06 07 08 09 46% Europe 16% Pacific Rim 38% Americas FOCUSED ON: BIO-RAD SALES HISTORY $1.7 billion $1.6 billion $1.5 billion $1.4 billion $1.3 billion $1.2 billion $1.1 billion $1 billion $900 million $800 million $700 million $600 million $500 million $400 million $300 million $200 million $100 million 1959 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2009 page 26UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COM M ISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K X ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the year ended December 31, 2009 OR For the transition period from to Commission file number 1-7928 BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 1000 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, California (Address of principal executive offices) 94-1381833 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 94547 (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (510) 724-7000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Class A Common Stock Par Value $0.0001 per share Class B Common Stock Par Value $0.0001 per share Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. [ X ] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. [ ] Yes [ X ] No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [ X ] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [ ] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ X ] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated file [ X ] [ ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company [ ] [ ] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [ X ] No As of June 30, 2009, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $1,403,335,633 and the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Class B Common Stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $36,812,367. As of February 16, 2010, there were 22,429,100 shares of Class A Common Stock and 5,118,352 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding. (1) Definitive Proxy Statement to be mailed to stockholders in connection with the registrant's 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (specified portions) Documents Incorporated by Reference Document III Form 10-K Parts Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Form 10-K December 31, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I. Item 1. Business Item 1a. Risk Factors Item 1b. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 2. Properties Item 3. Legal Proceedings Item 4. Submission Of Matters To A Vote Of Security Holders Part II. Item 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters And Issuer Purchases Of Equity Securities Item 6. Selected Financial Data Item 7. Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations Item 7a. Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 8. Financial Statements And Supplementary Data Item 9. Changes And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting And Financial Disclosure Item 9a. Controls And Procedures Item 9b. Other Information Part III. Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers And Corporate Governance Item 11. Executive Compensation Item 12. Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management And Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships And Related Transactions, And Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees And Services Part IV. Item 15. Exhibits And Financial Statement Schedules Signatures 3 3 6 12 12 13 13 13 13 15 16 28 29 66 66 68 68 68 68 69 69 69 70 70 71 2 PART I. ITEM 1. BUSINESS General Founded in 1952 and incorporated in 1957, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. (referred to in this report as “Bio-Rad,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) was initially engaged in the development and production of specialty chemicals used in biochemical, pharmaceutical and other life science research applications. In 1967, we entered the field of clinical diagnostics with the development of our first test kit based on separation techniques and materials developed for life science research. We expanded into the field of analytical and measuring instrument systems through internal research and development efforts and acquisitions in the late 1970's and 1980's. In 1999, we acquired the stock of Pasteur Sanofi Diagnostics and the rights to certain ancillary assets. This strengthened our position in the HIV and infectious disease testing market. In 2000 and 2004, we divested our semiconductor, optoelectronic metrology and confocal microscopy product lines. During 2007, we acquired DiaMed Holding AG, enhancing our position in the immunohematology market. As we broadened our product lines, we also expanded our geographical market. We have distribution channels in over thirty countries outside the United States through subsidiaries whose focus is customer service and product distribution. Bio-Rad manufactures and supplies the life science research, healthcare, analytical chemistry and other markets with a broad range of products and systems used to separate complex chemical and biological materials and to identify, analyze and purify their components. Description of Business Business Segments Today, Bio-Rad operates in two industry segments designated as Life Science and Clinical Diagnostics. Both segments operate worldwide. For a description of business and financial information on industry and geographic segments, see Note 13 on pages 62 through 65 of Item 8. Life Science Segment Life science is the study of the characteristics, behavior, and structure of living organisms and their component systems. Life science researchers use a variety of products and systems including reagents, instruments, software and apparatus, to advance the study of life processes, drug discovery, biotechnology and food pathogen testing, primarily within a laboratory setting. We focus on selected segments of the life science market which we estimate to be approximately $5 billion. The primary technological applications that we supply to these segments consist of electrophoresis, image analysis, molecular detection, chromatography, gene transfer, sample preparation and amplification. The primary end-users in our sectors of the market are universities and medical schools, industrial research organizations, government agencies, pharmaceutical manufacturers, biotechnology researchers and food testing laboratories. Clinical Diagnostics Segment We estimate the worldwide clinical diagnostics segment in which we participate to be approximately $10 billion. The market encompasses a broad array of technologies incorporated into a variety of products used to detect, identify, monitor and quantify substances in patient and donor blood or other bodily fluids and tissues. The vast majority of these tests are performed "in vitro" (outside the body). The information generated by these tests helps physicians diagnose disease and guide patient therapy and treatment, all of which helps improve patient care. It is estimated that diagnostic testing influences 70% or more of patient care decisions made by doctors while comprising less than two percent of total healthcare costs. 3 The market is split into several sub segments consisting of clinical chemistry, immunoassay, microbiology, hematology, molecular, coagulation, blood banking and blood typing. Bio-Rad has significant positions in blood virus testing (blood banking and immunoassay); immunohematology (blood typing); hemoglobin A1c testing for diabetes monitoring (clinical chemistry and immunoassay); autoimmune disease testing (immunoassay); and quality control (crossing all sub segments). Consumers of clinical diagnostic products are hospital laboratories, reference laboratories, physician office laboratories, government agencies, and diagnostic manufacturers. Purchasing decisions are normally based on improving the healthcare of patients, improving laboratory efficiency, and reducing overall costs. Bio-Rad's products and services generally meet or exceed these criteria leading to strong customer loyalty and recurring revenue exceeding 70% of our total clinical diagnostics sales. Raw Materials and Components We utilize a wide variety of chemicals, biological materials, electronic components, machined metal parts, optical parts, minicomputers and peripheral devices. Most of these materials and components are available from numerous sources and we have not experienced difficulty in securing adequate supplies. Patents and Trademarks We own numerous U.S. and international patents and patent licenses. We believe, however, that our ability to develop and manufacture our products depends primarily on our knowledge, technology and special skills. We pay royalties on the sales of certain products under several patent license agreements. We view these patents and license agreements as valuable assets. Seasonal Operations and Backlog Our business is not inherently seasonal. However, the European custom of concentrating vacation during the summer months usually tempers third quarter sales volume and operating income. For the most part, we operate in markets characterized by short lead times and the absence of significant backlogs. Management has concluded that backlog information is not material to our business as a whole. Sales and Marketing Each of Bio-Rad's segments maintains a sales force to sell its products on a direct basis. Each sales force is technically trained in the disciplines associated with its products. Sales are also generated through direct mail advertising, exhibits at trade shows and technical meetings, telemarketing, e-commerce and by extensive advertising in technical and trade publications. Sales and marketing efforts are augmented by technical service departments that assist customers in effective product utilization and in new product applications. We also produce and distribute technical literature and hold seminars for customers on the use of our products. Our customer base is broad and diversified. In 2009, no single customer accounted for more than two percent of our total net sales. Our sales are affected by certain external factors. For example, a number of our customers, particularly in the Life Science segment, are substantially dependent on government grants and research contracts for their funding. A significant reduction of government funding would have a detrimental effect on the results of this segment. Most of our international sales are generated by our wholly-owned subsidiaries and their branch offices. Certain of these subsidiaries also have manufacturing facilities. Bio-Rad’s international operations are subject to certain risks common to foreign operations in general, such as changes in governmental regulations, import restrictions and foreign exchange fluctuations. However, our international operations are principally in developed nations, which we regard as presenting no significantly greater risks to our operations than are present in the United States. 4 Competition The markets served by our product groups are highly competitive. Our competitors range in size from start-ups to large multinational corporations with significant resources and reach. Reliable independent information on sales and market share of products produced by our competitors is not generally available. We believe, however, based on our own estimates, no one company is so dominant that it prevents other companies, including Bio-Rad, from competing effectively. We compete mainly in market segments where our products and technology offer customers specific advantages over the competition. We tend to avoid head to head competition against entrenched competitors with me-too products. Because of the breadth of its product lines, the Life Science segment does not face the same competitors for all of its products. Competitors in this market include GE Biosciences, Life Technologies, Millipore and Thermo Fisher Scientific. We compete primarily based on meeting performance specifications. Major competitors in clinical diagnostics include Roche, Abbott Laboratories (Diagnostic Division), Siemens Medical Diagnostics Solutions (formerly Dade-Behring, Diagnostics Products Corporation, and Bayer Diagnostics), Beckman Coulter, Becton-Dickinson, bioMérieux, Johnson & Johnson (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics), Tosoh, Immucor, Cepheid, and DiaSorin. Product Research and Development We conduct extensive product research and development activities in all areas of our business, employing approximately 780 people worldwide in these activities. Research and development have played a major role in Bio-Rad's growth and are expected to continue to do so in the future. Our research teams are continuously developing new products and new applications for existing products. In our development and testing of new products and applications, we consult with scientific and medical professionals at universities, hospitals and medical schools, and in the industry. Excluding purchased in-process research and development expense, we spent approximately $163.6 million, $159.5 million, and $140.5 million on research and development activities during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Regulatory Matters The manufacturing, marketing and labeling of certain of our products (primarily diagnostic products) are subject to regulation in the United States by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and in other jurisdictions by state and foreign government authorities. FDA regulations require that some new products have pre-marketing approval by the FDA and require certain products to be manufactured in accordance with “good manufacturing practices,” to be extensively tested and to be properly labeled to disclose test results and performance claims and limitations. As a multinational manufacturer and distributor of sophisticated instrumentation equipment, we must meet a wide array of electromagnetic compatibility and safety compliance requirements to satisfy regulations in the United States, the European Community and other jurisdictions. These requirements relating to testing and trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary widely among countries. Our operations are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations that govern such activities as transportation of goods, emissions to air and discharges to water, as well as handling and disposal practices for solid, hazardous and medical wastes. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our operations, we are also subject to environmental laws and regulations that create liabilities and clean-up responsibility for spills, disposals or other releases of hazardous substances into the environment as a result of our operations or otherwise impacting real property that we own or operate. The environmental laws and regulations could also subject us to claims by third parties for damages resulting from any spills, disposals or releases resulting from our operations or at any of our properties. 5 Employees At December 31, 2009, Bio-Rad had approximately 6,600 full-time employees. Fewer than eight percent of Bio-Rad's approximately 2,675 U.S. employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement which will expire on November 7, 2012. Many of Bio-Rad's non-U.S. full-time employees, especially in France, are covered by collective bargaining agreements. We consider our employee relations in general to be good. Available Information Bio-Rad files annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including Bio-Rad, that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that we file with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. Bio-Rad’s website address is www.bio-rad.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, our Form 10-Ks, 10-Qs and 8-Ks, and any amendments to these forms, as soon as reasonably practicable after filing with the SEC. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS The following risk factors should be read carefully in connection with evaluating our business and the forward-looking information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We believe that any of the following risks could have a material affect on our business, operations, industry, financial position or our future financial performance. While we believe that we have identified and discussed below the key risk factors affecting our business, there may be additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known or that are not currently believed to be significant that may adversely affect our business, operations, industry, financial position and financial performance in the future. Adverse changes in general domestic and worldwide economic conditions and instability and disruption of credit markets could adversely affect our operating results, financial condition or liquidity. Recent global market and economic conditions have been unprecedented and challenging with tighter credit conditions, slower growth and recession in most major economies during 2009. Although signs of recovery may exist, there are continued concerns about the systemic impact of inflation, the availability and cost of credit, a declining real estate market and geopolitical issues that contribute to increased market volatility and uncertain expectations for the global economy. These conditions, combined with declining business activity levels and consumer confidence, increased unemployment and volatile oil prices, contributed to unprecedented levels of volatility in the capital markets during 2009. Any additional, continued or recurring disruptions in the capital and credit markets may adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. As a result of these market conditions, the cost and availability of credit has been and may continue to be adversely affected by illiquid credit markets and wider credit spreads. Concern about the stability of the markets generally and the strength of counterparties specifically has led many lenders and institutional investors to reduce, and in some cases, cease to provide credit to businesses and consumers. These factors have led to a decrease in spending by businesses and consumers alike. Our customers and vendors may experience cash flow concerns and, as a result, customers may modify, delay or cancel plans to purchase our products and vendors may increase their prices, reduce their output or change terms of sales. Additionally, if customers’ or vendors’ operating and financial performance deteriorates, or if they are unable to make scheduled payments or obtain credit, customers may not be able to pay, or may delay payment of, amounts owed to us. 6 Vendors may restrict credit or impose less favorable payment terms. Any inability of current and/or potential customers to pay us for our products or any demands by vendors for accelerated payment terms may adversely affect our earnings and cash flow. Additionally, strengthening of the U.S. dollar associated with the global financial crisis may adversely affect the results of our international operations when those results are translated into U.S. dollars. Furthermore, the disruption in the credit markets could impede our access to capital, especially if we are unable to maintain our current credit ratings. Should we have limited access to additional financing sources when needed, we may decide to defer capital expenditures or seek other higher cost sources of liquidity, which may or may not be available to us on acceptable terms. Continued turbulence in the U.S. and international markets and economies, and prolonged declines in business and consumer spending may adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition, and the liquidity and financial condition of our customers, including our ability to refinance maturing liabilities and access the capital markets to meet liquidity needs. W e cannot assure you that we will be able to integrate acquired companies, products or technologies into our company successfully, or we may not be able to realize the anticipated benefits from the acquisitions. As part of our overall business strategy, we pursue acquisitions of and investments in complementary companies, products and technologies. In order to be successful in these activities, we must, among other things: assimilate the operations and personnel of acquired companies; retain acquired business customers; • • • minimize potential disruption to our ongoing business; • retain key technical and management personnel; • integrate acquired companies into our strategic and financial plans; • accurately assess the value of target companies, products and technologies; • comply with new regulatory requirements; • harmonize standards, controls, procedures and policies; • minimize the impact to our relationships with our employees and customers; and • assess, document and remediate any deficiencies in disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. The benefits of any acquisition may prove to be less than anticipated and may not outweigh the costs reported in our financial statements. Completing any potential future acquisition could cause significant diversion of our management’s time and resources. If we acquire new companies, products or technologies, we may be required to assume contingent liabilities or record impairment charges for goodwill and other intangible assets over time. We cannot assure you that we will successfully overcome these risks or any other problems we encounter in connection with any acquisitions, and any such acquisitions could adversely affect our business, financial position or operating results. The industries and market segments in which we operate are highly competitive, and we may not be able to compete effectively with larger companies with greater financial resources than we have. The life science and clinical diagnostics markets are each highly competitive. Some of our competitors have greater financial resources than we do and are less leveraged than we are, making them better equipped to license technologies and intellectual property from third parties or to fund research and development, manufacturing and marketing efforts. Moreover, competitive and regulatory conditions in many markets in which we operate restrict our ability to fully recover, through price increases, higher costs of acquired goods and services resulting from inflation and other drivers of cost increases. Our competitors can be expected to continue to improve the design and performance of their products and to introduce new products with competitive price and performance characteristics. Maintaining these advantages will require us to continue to invest in research and development, sales and marketing and customer service and support. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient resources to continue to make such investments or that we will be successful in maintaining such advantages. 7 W e have significant international operations which subject us to various risks such as general economic and market conditions in the countries in which we operate. A significant portion of our sales are made outside of the United States. Our foreign subsidiaries generated 68% of our net sales in the year ended December 31, 2009. Our international operations are subject to risks common to foreign operations, such as general economic and market conditions in the countries in which we operate, changes in governmental regulations, political instability, import restrictions and currency exchange rate risks. We cannot assure you that shifts in currency exchange rates, especially significant strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to the Euro, will not have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. W e are dependent on government funding and the capital spending programs of our customers, and the effect of potential healthcare reform on government funding and our customers’ ability to purchase our products is uncertain. Our customers include universities, clinical diagnostics laboratories, government agencies, hospitals and pharmaceutical, biotechnology and chemical companies. The capital spending programs of these institutions and companies have a significant effect on the demand for our products. Such policies are based on a wide variety of factors, including the resources available to make such purchases, the availability of funding from grants by governments or government agencies, the spending priorities among various types of equipment and the policies regarding capital expenditures during industry downturns or recessionary periods. If government funding to our customers were to decrease, or if our customers were to decrease or reallocate their budgets in a manner adverse to us, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Healthcare reform and the growth of managed care organizations have been and continue to be significant factors in the clinical diagnostics market. The trend towards managed care, together with efforts to reform the healthcare delivery system in the United States and Europe, has resulted in increased pressure on healthcare providers and other participants in the healthcare industry to reduce costs. Consolidation among healthcare providers has resulted in fewer, more powerful groups, whose purchasing power gives them cost containment leverage. These competitive forces place constraints on the levels of overall pricing, and thus could have a material adverse effect on our profit margins for products we sell in clinical diagnostics markets. To the extent that the healthcare industry seeks to address the need to contain costs by limiting the number of clinical tests being performed, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. If these changes in the healthcare markets in the United States and Europe continue, we could be forced to alter our approach in selling, marketing, distributing and servicing our products. Our failure to improve our product offerings and develop and introduce new products may negatively impact our business. Our future success depends on our ability to continue to improve our product offerings and develop and introduce new product lines and extensions that integrate new technological advances. If we are unable to integrate technological advances into our product offerings or to design, develop, manufacture and market new product lines and extensions successfully and in a timely manner, our operating results will be adversely affected. We cannot assure you that our product and process development efforts will be successful or that new products we introduce will achieve market acceptance. If we experience a disruption of our information technology systems, or if we fail to successfully implement, manage and integrate our information technology and reporting systems, it could harm our business. Our information technology (IT) systems are an integral part of our business, and a serious disruption of our IT systems could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. We depend on our IT systems to process orders, manage inventory and collect accounts receivable. Our IT systems also allow us to efficiently purchase products from our suppliers and ship products to our customers on a timely basis, maintain cost-effective operations and provide customer service. We cannot assure you that our contingency plans will allow us to operate at our current level of efficiency. 8 Our ability to implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market requires effective planning, reporting and analytical processes. We expect that we will need to continue to improve and further integrate our IT systems, reporting systems and operating procedures by training and educating our employees with respect to these improvements and integrations on an ongoing basis in order to effectively run our business. If we fail to successfully manage and integrate our IT systems, reporting systems and operating procedures, it could adversely affect our business or operating results. Risks relating to intellectual property rights may negatively impact our business. We rely on a combination of copyright, trade secret, patent and trademark laws and third-party nondisclosure agreements to protect our intellectual property rights and products. However, we cannot assure you that our intellectual property rights will not be challenged, invalidated, circumvented or rendered unenforceable, or that meaningful protection or adequate remedies will be available to us. For instance, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy our intellectual property, to reverse engineer or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary, or to develop equivalent technologies independently. Additionally, third parties may assert patent, copyright and other intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to us. If we are unable to license or otherwise access protected technology used in our products, or if we lose our rights under any existing licenses, we could be prohibited from manufacturing and marketing such products. We may find it necessary to enforce our patents or other intellectual property rights or to defend ourselves against claimed infringement of the rights of others through litigation, which could result in substantial costs to us and divert our resources. We also could incur substantial costs to redesign our products, to defend any legal action taken against us or to pay damages to an infringed party. The foregoing matters could adversely impact our business. W e are subject to substantial government regulation. Some of our products (primarily diagnostic products), production processes and marketing are subject to federal, state, local and foreign regulation, including the FDA and its foreign counterparts. We are also subject to government regulation of the use and handling of a number of materials and controlled substances. Failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in substantial liability to us, suspension or cessation of our operations, restrictions on our ability to expand at our present locations or require us to make significant capital expenditures or incur other significant expenses. We are currently subject to environmental regulations and enforcement proceedings. Our operations are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations that govern such activities as transportation of goods, emissions to air and discharges to water, as well as handling and disposal practices for solid, hazardous and medical wastes. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our operations, we are also subject to environmental laws and regulations that create liability and clean-up responsibility for spills, disposals or other releases of hazardous substances into the environment as a result of our operations or otherwise impacting real property that we own or operate. The environmental laws and regulations also subject us to claims by third parties for damages resulting from any spills, disposals or releases resulting from our operations or at any of our properties. We may in the future incur capital and operating costs to comply with currently existing laws and regulations, and possible new statutory enactments, and these expenditures may be significant. We have incurred, and may in the future incur, fines related to environmental matters and liability for costs or damages related to spills or other releases of hazardous substances into the environment at sites where we have operated, or at off-site locations where we have sent hazardous substances for disposal. We can provide no assurance, however, that such matters or any future obligations to comply with environmental laws and regulations will not have a material impact on our operations or financial condition. 9 Loss of key personnel could hurt our business. Our products and services are highly technical in nature. In general, only highly qualified and trained scientists have the necessary skills to develop and market our products and provide our services. In addition, some of our manufacturing positions are highly technical. We face intense competition for these professionals from our competitors, customers, marketing partners and other companies throughout our industry. We generally do not enter into employment agreements requiring these employees to continue in our employment for any period of time. Any failure on our part to hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified personnel could substantially damage our business. Additionally, if we were to lose a sufficient number of our research and development scientists and were unable to replace them or satisfy our needs for research and development through outsourcing, it could adversely affect our business. A significant majority of our voting stoc k is held by the Schwartz family, which could lead to conflicts of interest. We have two classes of voting stock, Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. With a few exceptions, holders of Class A and Class B Common Stock vote as a single class. When voting as a single class, each share of Class A Common Stock is entitled to one-tenth of a vote, while each share of Class B Common Stock has one vote. In the election or removal of directors, the classes vote separately and the holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to elect 25% of the Board of Directors, with holders of Class B Common Stock electing the remaining directors. As of February 16, 2010, the Schwartz family collectively held approximately 16% of our Class A Common Stock and 90% of our Class B Common Stock. As a result, the Schwartz family is able to elect a majority of the directors, effect fundamental changes in our direction and control matters affecting us, including the allocation of business opportunities that may be suitable for our company. In addition, this concentration of ownership and voting power may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company. The Schwartz family may exercise its control over us according to interests that are different from other investors’ or debtors’ interests. Our business could be adversely impacted if we have deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting. The design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting may not prevent all errors, misstatements or misrepresentations. We cannot assure you that our disclosure controls and procedures over internal control of financial reporting will be effective in accomplishing all control objectives all of the time. Deficiencies, particularly a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, which may occur in the future could result in misstatements of our results of operations, restatements of our financial statements, a decline in our stock price, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, reputation, results of operation, financial condition or liquidity. Natural disasters, terrorist attacks or acts of war may cause damage or disruption to us and our employees, facilities, information systems, security systems, vendors and customers, which could significantly impact our net sales, costs and expenses, and financial condition. We have significant manufacturing and distribution facilities, particularly in the western United States, France and Switzerland. In particular, the western United States has experienced a number of earthquakes, wildfires, flooding, landslides and other natural disasters in recent years. The occurrences could damage or destroy our facilities which may result in interruptions to our business and losses that exceed our insurance coverage. Terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001, have contributed to economic instability in the United States, and further acts of terrorism, bioterrorism, violence or war could affect the markets in which we operate, our business operations, our expectations and other forward-looking statements contained or incorporated in this document. Any of these events could cause a decrease in our revenue, earnings and cash flows. 10 We may incur losses in future periods due to write-downs in the value of financial instruments. We have positions in a variety of financial instruments including asset backed securities and other similar instruments. Financial markets are quite volatile and the markets for these securities can be illiquid. The value of these securities will continue to be impacted by external market factors including default rates, changes in the value of the underlying property, such as residential or commercial real estate, rating agency actions, the prices at which observable market transactions occur and the financial strength of various entities, such as financial guarantors who provide insurance for the securities. Should we need to convert these positions to cash, we may not be able to sell these instruments without significant losses due to current debtor financial conditions or other market considerations. W e have substantial debt and have the ability to incur additional debt. The principal and interest payment obligations of such debt may restrict our future operations and impair our ability to meet our obligations under our notes. As of December 31, 2009 we and our subsidiaries have approximately $742.6 million of outstanding indebtedness. In addition, the indenture governing our notes permits us to incur additional debt provided we comply with the limitation on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and disqualified capital stock covenants contained in the indenture. The following chart shows certain important credit statistics. Total debt Stockholders’ equity Debt to equity ratio At December 31, 2009 (in millions) $ 742.6 $ 1,279.2 0.6 The incurrence of substantial amounts of debt may have important consequences. For instance, it could: • make it more difficult for us to satisfy our financial obligations, including those relating to the notes; • require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of interest and principal due under our debt, including the notes, which will reduce funds available for other business purposes; increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we operate; • • • place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with some of our competitors that have less debt; and • limit our ability to obtain additional financing required to fund working capital and capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes. Our ability to satisfy our obligations and to reduce our total debt depends on our future operating performance and on economic, financial, competitive and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow, and future financings may not be available to provide sufficient net proceeds, to meet these obligations or to successfully execute our business strategy. 11 The indenture governing our notes and the terms of other debt instruments, including without limitation our credit facilities and other agreements we may enter in the future, contain or will contain covenants imposing significant restrictions on our business. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. These covenants place restrictions on our ability to, among other things: incur additional debt; • • acquire other businesses or assets through merger or purchase; • create liens; • make investments; • enter into transactions with affiliates; • • • declare or pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions to shareholders. sell assets; in the case of some of our subsidiaries, guarantee debt; and Our existing credit facility also requires that we meet certain financial tests and maintain certain financial ratios, including a maximum consolidated leverage ratio test, minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio test and a minimum net worth test. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. The breach of any of these restrictions could result in a default. An event of default under our debt agreements would permit some of our lenders to declare all amounts borrowed from them to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. If we were unable to repay debt to our senior secured lenders, these lenders could proceed against the collateral securing that debt. The collateral is substantially all of our personal property assets, the assets of our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the capital stock of certain foreign subsidiaries. In addition, acceleration of our other indebtedness may cause us to be unable to make interest payments on our notes and repay the principal amount of the notes or may cause the future subsidiary guarantors, if any, to be unable to make payments under the guarantees. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES We own our corporate headquarters located in Hercules, California. The principal manufacturing and research locations for each segment are as follows: Segment Location Life Science Clinical Diagnostics Richmond, California Hercules, California Riom, France Singapore Hercules, California Benicia, California Irvine, California Greater Seattle area, Washington Plano, Texas Lille, France Greater Paris area, France Nazareth-Eke, Belgium Cressier, Switzerland 12 Owned/Leased Owned/Leased Owned/Leased Owned/Leased Leased Owned/Leased Leased Leased Owned/Leased Leased Owned Leased Leased Owned/Leased Most manufacturing and research facilities also house administration, sales and distribution activities. In addition, we lease office and warehouse facilities in a variety of locations around the world. The facilities are used principally for sales, service, distribution and administration for both segments. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are party to various claims, legal actions and complaints arising in the ordinary course of business, including intellectual property matters. We do not believe, at this time, that any ultimate liability resulting from any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or liquidity. However, we cannot give any assurance regarding the ultimate outcome of these lawsuits and their resolution could be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending upon the level of income for the period. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS There were no matters submitted to a vote of Bio-Rad’s security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report. PART II. ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Information Concerning Common Stock Bio-Rad’s Class A and Class B Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the symbols BIO and BIO.B, respectively. The following sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing prices for our Class A and Class B Common Stock. Class A Class B High Low High Low 2009 Fourth Quarter Third Quarter Second Quarter First Quarter 2008 Fourth Quarter Third Quarter Second Quarter First Quarter $ 100.46 $ 88.88 $ 100.00 94.98 80.20 74.25 69.40 65.99 53.10 95.24 79.76 74.47 $ 88.69 69.34 66.25 53.89 $ 99.26 $ 61.52 $ 97.00 $ 62.14 108.10 78.12 108.09 78.05 92.00 78.75 100.65 84.81 100.78 85.49 92.27 78.08 On February 16, 2010, we had 375 holders of record of Class A Common Stock and 166 holders of record of Class B Common Stock. Bio-Rad has never paid a cash dividend and has no present plans to pay cash dividends. See Item 12 for the security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and for securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans. 13 Stock Performance Graph The following graph compares the cumulative stockholder returns over the past five years for our Class A Common Stock, the S&P 400 MidCap Index and a selected peer group, assuming $100 invested on December 31, 2004, and reinvestment of dividends if paid: S R A L L O D 200 150 100 50 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Bio-Rad Peer Group(1) S&P MidCap 400 (1) The Peer Group consists of the following public companies: Beckman Coulter, Becton Dickinson, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Meridian Bioscience, Millipore, PerkinElmer and Life Technologies. Companies in our peer group reflect our participation in two different markets: life science research products and clinical diagnostics. No single public or private company has a comparable mix of products which serve the same markets. In many cases, only one division of a peer group company competes in the same market as we do. Collectively, however, our peer group reflects products and markets similar to those of Bio-Rad. This stock performance graph shall not be deemed incorporated by reference by any general statement incorporating by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under these Acts. 14 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Selected Financial Data (in thousands, except per share data) Net sales Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expense Product research and development expense Purchased in-process research and development expense Impairment losses on goodwill and long-lived assets Interest expense Foreign exchange (gains) losses Other (income) expense, net (1) Income from continuing operations before taxes and noncontrolling interests Provision for income taxes Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Income from continuing operations Discontinued operations: Gain on divestiture (net of tax) Total income from discontinued operations Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Basic earnings per share: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Diluted earnings per share 2009 2008 Year Ended December 31, 2007 (2) 2006 2005 $ 1,784,244 $ 1,764,365 $ 1,461,052 $ 1,273,930 $1,180,985 784,401 801,843 669,690 561,394 534,499 999,843 601,468 163,585 -- 3,802 47,024 5,003 (6,871) 185,832 (36,667) (4,545) 144,620 962,522 591,304 159,518 -- 28,757 32,113 7,634 353 142,843 (44,579) (8,754) 791,362 507,978 140,535 7,656 -- 31,606 2,576 (19,832) 120,843 (26,548) (1,301) 712,536 438,949 123,376 4,100 -- 32,022 1,053 (28,991) 142,027 (38,764) -- 646,486 416,084 115,104 -- 19,770 32,643 (1,528) (28,958) 93,371 (15,792) -- 89,510 92,994 103,263 77,579 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,974 3,974 $ 144,620 $ 89,510 $ 92,994 $ 103,263 $81,553 $ 5.28 $ 3.30 $ 3.48 $ -- -- -- $ 5.28 $ 3.30 $ 3.48 $ $ 5.20 $ 3.24 $ 3.41 $ -- -- -- $ 5.20 $ 3.24 $ 3.41 $ 3.92 -- 3.92 3.83 -- 3.83 -- $2.98 0.15 $3.13 $2.91 0.15 $3.06 -- Cash dividends paid per common share -- -- -- Total assets $ 2,535,853 $ 2,037,264 $ 1,971,594 $ 1,596,168 $1,426,582 Long-term debt, net of current maturities $ 737,919 $ 445,979 $ 441,805 $ 425,625 $425,687 (1) (2) See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for components of Other (income) expense, net. Included in 2005 is interest and investment income of $16.7 million, gains on sales of investments of $11.2 million and litigation expense of $1.2 million. Included in 2006 is interest and investment income of $22.2 million, and gains on sales of investments of $4.7 million. Included in 2007 are the fourth quarter operating results of an acquisition. See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. 15 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS This discussion should be read in conjunction with the information contained in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes which are an integral part of the statements. Other than statements of historical fact, statements made in this Annual Report include forward-looking statements, such as statements with respect to our future financial performance, operating results, plans and objectives that involve risk and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions. Such statements involve risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to vary materially from those expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. However, actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated depending on a variety of risk factors including among other things: changes in general domestic and worldwide economic conditions; our ability to successfully develop and market new products; our reliance on and access to necessary intellectual property; our ability to successfully integrate any acquired business; our substantial leverage and ability to service our debt; competition in and government regulation of the industries in which we operate; and the monetary policies of various countries. We caution you not to place undue reliance on forward- looking statements, which reflect an analysis only and speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise except as required by Federal Securities law. Overview. We are a multinational manufacturer and worldwide distributor of our own life science research and clinical diagnostics products. Our business is organized into two primary segments, Life Science and Clinical Diagnostics, with the mission to provide scientists with specialized tools needed for biological research and clinical diagnostics. We sell more than 8,000 products and services to a diverse client base comprised of scientific research, healthcare, education and government customers worldwide. We manufacture and supply our customers with a range of reagents, apparatus and equipment to separate complex chemical and biological materials and to identify, analyze and purify components. Because our customers require standardization for their experiments and test results, much of our revenues are recurring. Approximately 32% of our 2009 consolidated net sales are from the United States and approximately 68% are from international locations. The international sales are largely denominated in local currencies such as Euros, Swiss Franc, Japanese Yen and British Sterling. As a result, our consolidated net sales expressed in dollars benefit when the U.S. dollar weakens and suffer when the U.S. dollar strengthens. When the U.S. dollar strengthens, we benefit from lower cost of sales from our own international manufacturing sites as well as non-U.S. suppliers and from lower international operating expenses. The market for reagents and apparatus remains good while growth rates have slowed due to both public and private grant funding being more measured. The market for large capital equipment has slowed, as many pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers delayed or reduced their capital spending. Bio-Rad is generally less impacted by trends in capital spending as lower priced reagents and apparatus comprise more than 70% of product sales. 16 The following shows gross profit and expense items as a percentage of net sales: Net sales Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expense Product research and development expense, excluding purchased in-process research and development Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Year Ended December 31, 2008 100.0 45.4 54.6 33.5 2009 100.0 44.0 56.0 33.7 2007 100.0 45.8 54.2 34.8 9.2 8.1 9.0 5.1 9.6 6.4 We intend that the discussions of critical accounting policies and estimates and recent accounting pronouncements that follow will assist you in understanding how such principles, estimates and accounting pronouncements affect our financial condition and results of operations as well as significant factors that caused changes in our financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The accompanying discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and contingencies as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. However, future events may cause us to change our assumptions and estimates, which may require adjustment. Actual results could differ from these estimates. We have determined that for the periods reported in this Annual Report on Form 10-K the following accounting policies and estimates are critical in understanding our financial condition and results of operations. Accounting for Income Taxes. As part of the process of preparing consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates related to our income tax provision in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Management then assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent management believes that recovery is not likely, a valuation allowance must be established. To the extent management establishes a valuation allowance or increases this allowance in a period, an increase to expense within the Provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income may result. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements on a particular tax position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits is adjusted as appropriate for changes in facts and circumstances, such as significant amendments to existing tax law, new regulations or interpretations by the taxing authorities, new information obtained during a tax examination, or resolution of an examination. We recognize both accrued interest and penalties, where appropriate, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. 17 Significant management judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance recorded in connection with the deferred tax assets. We have recorded a valuation allowance of $37.9 million and $40.7 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, due to uncertainties related to our ability to utilize some of the deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of certain foreign net operating losses carried forward. The valuation allowance is based on management’s current estimates of taxable income for the jurisdictions in which we operate and the period over which the deferred tax assets will be recoverable. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, or these estimates are adjusted in future periods, an additional valuation allowance may need to be established which would increase the tax provision, lowering income and impacting our financial position. Should realization of these previously reserved deferred tax assets occur, the provision for income taxes may decrease, raising income and positively impacting Bio-Rad’s financial position. Valuation of Goodwill and Long-lived Assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill amounts are assigned to reporting units at the time of acquisition and are adjusted for subsequent significant transfers of business between reporting units. We assess the impairment of goodwill annually in the fourth quarter or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We perform the impairment tests of goodwill at our reporting unit level, which is one level below our reporting segments. The goodwill impairment test consists of a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired, and the second step of the impairment test is not required. The second step, if required, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The fair value of a reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. We use projected discounted cash flow models to determine the fair value of a reporting unit. The discounted cash value projected for goodwill may be different from the fair value that would result from an actual transaction between a willing buyer and a willing seller. Projections such as discounted cash flow models are inherently uncertain and accordingly, actual future cash flows may differ materially from projected cash flows. Management judgment is required in developing the assumptions for the discounted cash flow model. These assumptions include revenue growth rates, profit margins, future capital expenditures, working capital needs, expected foreign currency rates, discount rates and terminal values. We estimate future cash flows using current and long-term high level strategic financial forecasts. These forecasts take into account the current economic environment. The discount rates used are compiled using independent sources, current trends in similar businesses and other observable market data. Changes to these rates might result in material changes in the valuation and determination of the recoverability of goodwill. For example, an increase in the discount rate used to discount cash flows will decrease the computed fair value. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the fair value calculations on the goodwill impairment test, we apply a 10% decrease to the fair value of each reporting unit. To validate the reasonableness of the reporting unit fair values, we reconcile the aggregate fair values of the reporting units to the enterprise market capitalization including an implied control premium. In performing the reconciliation we may, depending on the volatility of the market value of our stock price, use either the stock price on the valuation date or the average stock price over a range of dates around the valuation date. We compare the implied control premium to premiums paid in observable recent transactions of comparable companies to determine if the fair values of the reporting units are reasonable. 18 For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, a long-lived asset or assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. We assess the impairment of long-lived assets (including identifiable intangibles) whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that we consider important that could trigger an impairment review include: • • • • significant under-performance relative to expected, historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of the long-lived assets, intangible assets or the strategy for our overall business; a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of before the end of its previously estimated useful life; and significant negative industry, legal, regulatory or economic trends. When management determines that the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we test for any impairment based on a projected undiscounted cash flow method. Projected future operating results and cash flows of the asset or asset group are used to establish the fair value used in evaluating the carrying value of long-lived and intangible assets. We estimate the future cash flows of the long-lived assets using current and long-term financial forecasts. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If this is the case, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. In 2009 and 2008, our reviews indicated impairment charges of $3.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively, related to the developed technology intangible assets of certain product lines that were acquired in 2006. Also in 2008, our review indicated an impairment charge of $27.2 million related to goodwill from a 1999 acquisition. The goodwill impairment was caused primarily by the continuing decline in the BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) product line. There were no impairment losses recorded in 2007. Valuation of Inventories. We value inventory at the lower of the actual cost to purchase and/or manufacture the inventory, or the current estimated realizable value of the inventory. We review inventory quantities on hand and reduce the cost basis of excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on an estimated forecast of product demand, production requirements and the quality, efficacy and potency of raw materials. This review is done on a quarterly basis or, if warranted by the circumstances, more frequently. In addition, our industry is characterized by technological change, frequent new product development and product obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on hand. Our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, and if too high, we may have overstated the carrying value of our inventory. In the future, if inventory is determined to be overvalued, we would be required to write down the value of inventory to market and recognize such costs in our cost of goods sold at the time of such determination. Therefore, although we make efforts to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand and perform procedures to safeguard overall inventory quality, any significant unanticipated changes in demand, technological developments, regulations, storage conditions or other environment factors affecting biological materials, could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and reported results of operations. 19 Valuation of Investments. We regularly review our investments for factors that may indicate that a decline in the fair value of an investment below its carrying value is other-than-temporary. Some factors considered in evaluating whether or not a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary include our ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for a recovery in value, the duration and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost and the financial condition and prospects of the issuer. Such reviews are inherently uncertain in that the value of the investment may not fully recover or may decline further in future periods resulting in realized losses. Warranty Reserves. We warrant certain equipment against defects in design, materials and workmanship, generally for a period of one year. Upon delivery and on acceptance of that equipment, we establish, as part of cost of goods sold, a provision for the expected costs of such warranty repairs based on historical experience, specific warranty terms and customer feedback. A review is performed on a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of our warranty reserve and it is adjusted if necessary. The warranty reserve is based on actual experience and expected future costs to be incurred. Should realized costs be higher than expected costs, cost of goods sold would be lower in the period of estimation and higher when realized. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the collectibility of our customer accounts. The amount of the allowance is determined by analyzing known uncollectible accounts, the age of our receivables, economic conditions in the customers’ country or industry, historical losses and our customers’ general credit-worthiness. Amounts later determined and specifically identified to be uncollectible are charged or written off against this allowance. Uncertainty in the current economic environment, if prolonged, could result in greater amounts becoming uncollectible in the future. Should the estimates of losses be higher than the actual uncollectible accounts, we would report lower profitability when the estimates are made and higher profitability when the receivable is collected. Litigation Accruals. We record as liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets estimated amounts for claims that are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The likelihood of a material change in these estimated reserves is dependent on the possible outcome of settlement negotiations, regulatory or judicial review and the development of facts and circumstances in extended litigation which could change claims or assessments when both the amount and range of loss on some outstanding litigation is uncertain. We disclose in the footnotes of the financial statements when we are unable to make a reasonable estimate of a material liability that could result from unfavorable outcomes in litigation. As events occur, we will assess the potential liability related to our pending litigation and revise our estimates. Such revisions could materially impact our results of operations. Corporate Results -- Sales, Gross Margins and Expenses Our net sales increased by 1.1% in 2009 to $1,784.2 million as compared to 2008. Excluding the impact of foreign currency, 2009 sales increased by approximately 5.5% compared to 2008. Currency neutral sales growth was generated primarily in the regions of Asia Pacific, the United States and developing or emerging markets of Eastern Europe and Latin America. Also contributing to sales growth are DiaMed Holding AG (DiaMed) distributors acquired in late 2008 and early 2009. 20 The Life Science segment sales decreased 1.9% in 2009 as compared to 2008 or a 0.8% increase on a currency neutral basis. The decline in sales of BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) products continued in 2009, as both product prices eroded and government-mandated tests declined. Excluding the impact of the BSE product line, the Life Science segment grew by 1.3% in 2009 as compared to 2008. Product groups showing growth include real-time PCR instruments and reagents, the ProteOnTM protein interaction analysis system and the Biotechnology ExplorerTM program. Sales growth in the Life Science segment was primarily in Asia Pacific, Latin America and the U.S., while European sales represented the majority of declining sales. The Clinical Diagnostics segment achieved sales growth of 3.0% in 2009 as compared to 2008. Excluding the impact of foreign currency, sales increased 8.5% compared to 2008. Most Clinical Diagnostics major products showed sales growth, such as in BioPlex 2200 systems, quality controls and blood virus products. There was a decline in sales of contract manufacturing as some of these contracts were not renewed. On a regional basis, currency neutral sales growth was primarily provided by Asia Pacific, the United States and emerging markets including Latin America, partially offset by sales declines in Europe. Our net sales increased by 20.8% in 2008 to $1,764.4 million as compared to 2007. This included sales related to the fourth quarter 2007 acquisition of DiaMed. The 2008 impact of foreign exchange translation contributed to sales growth by approximately three percent. The incremental sales from the additional nine months in 2008 attributable to DiaMed accounted for approximately 13% of the annual growth. The Life Science segment achieved sales growth of 4.6% in 2008 as compared to 2007 aided by the impact of foreign exchange translation of 3.2%. Excluding the decline of the BSE product line, this segment grew by 6.6%. Increased sales were the result of growth in PCR chemicals and instruments, the Bio-Plex suspension array system and protean instruments. Sales in the United States, emerging markets and Asia Pacific were the drivers of sales growth. The Clinical Diagnostics segment achieved sales growth of 33.0% in 2008 as compared to 2007, which includes sales growth from our acquisition of DiaMed. The incremental sales from the additional nine months of DiaMed operations provided 22.8% of our Clinical Diagnostics sales growth. The impact of foreign exchange on Clinical Diagnostics segment sales growth added approximately 2.9% to total segment sales. The Clinical Diagnostics segment experienced growth across a wide range of its product offerings with the BioPlex 2200 system, quality controls and clinical microbiology having the strongest growth. Geographically, the drivers of sales growth, excluding the DiaMed acquisition, were in the United States, Europe and Asia Pacific. Consolidated gross margins were 56.0% for 2009 compared to 54.6% for 2008. Life Science segment gross margins improved in 2009 compared to 2008 by 0.1%. The improvement was the result of better manufacturing overhead absorption from a reduction in costs, the move of new products to more cost efficient off-shore manufacturing, and sales mix favoring higher margin reagents rather than instruments with typically lower margin. Clinical Diagnostics segment gross margins improved by approximately 2.2% in 2009 compared to 2008. Improvements included lower royalty payments paid to licensors as a result of the expiration of patents in blood virus and immunohematology products, increased margin from the acquisition of DiaMed distributors and the reduction of the impact of DiaMed pre-acquisition inventory subject to purchase accounting rules. Additionally the BioPlex 2200 margins have improved from greater placements and higher test volume. 21 The 2008 consolidated gross margin of 54.6% represented an increase of 0.4% from 2007. Life Science segment gross margins increased by 2.0% to 54.1% as a result of decreasing factory costs in some overhead areas, improved production planning, reduced quality defects and improved sales mix. The Clinical Diagnostics segment gross margins decreased by 0.8% in 2008 as compared to 2007 as a result of including an additional nine months of DiaMed operations. The DiaMed gross margins included the amortization of manufacturing related purchased intangibles and the effect of higher inventory values on work-in-process inventory in compliance with purchase accounting requirements. Consolidated selling, general and administrative expense (SG&A) represented 33.7% of net sales for 2009 compared to 33.5% of net sales in 2008. Growth in absolute SG&A spending was proportional to sales. The Clinical Diagnostics segment grew SG&A at a slightly lower rate than the growth in its sales, while the Life Science segment’s reduced rate of spending in SG&A was larger than the decline in its sales. Absolute dollar increases in SG&A were primarily in employee-related expenses and purchased intangibles amortization, partially offset by lower travel costs and professional services. Consolidated SG&A for 2008 was 33.5% of net sales compared to 34.8% in 2007. The decline from 2007 was mainly attributable to the inclusion of DiaMed, which had an overall lower percentage of SG&A relative to its net sales. Growth in absolute SG&A spending was proportional to sales with Life Science segment’s SG&A growing faster than sales growth, while the Clinical Diagnostics segment grew at a slightly lower rate, excluding the impact of DiaMed. Approximately half of the increase in SG&A was related to personnel costs including compensation and travel. The remaining increases were attributable to agent commissions, technology infrastructure cost, professional services and provision for bad debts. Product research and development expense was $163.6 million in 2009, or 9.2% of sales, compared to 9.0% of sales in 2008. Life Science segment development efforts are directed towards genomics, proteomics and process chromatography applications. Clinical Diagnostics segment development efforts are focused on expanded tests for the BioPlex 2200 testing platform, as well as other enhancements to existing automation and reagents used for immunohematology, clinical microbiology and blood virus diagnostic tests and additional quality control products. In absolute dollars, the increase was in the Clinical Diagnostic segment, partially offset by a decrease in the Life Science segment. Product research and development expense in 2008 declined to 9.0% of net sales as compared to 9.6% of net sales in 2007. Areas of development for the Life Science segment were amplification, proteomics, protein function, food safety and process chromatography. Clinical Diagnostics segment research and development were focused on additional assays for the BioPlex 2200 testing platform as well as investments in automation for the DiaMed line of blood typing instruments and reagents, product line extensions in diabetes, infectious disease, quality control and software offerings. In absolute dollars, the increase in R&D was almost exclusively in the Clinical Diagnostics segment. Corporate Results – Non-operating Interest expense in 2009 increased 46.4% to $47.0 million when compared to 2008. An additional $300 million of 8.0% Senior Subordinated Notes were issued in May 2009, increasing our indebtedness to $742.6 million at December 31, 2009 and increasing our interest expense. Our additional principal debt obligations are the 2003 and 2004 Senior Subordinated Notes totaling $425.0 million, which carry fixed rates of interest of 7.5% and 6.125%, and are not due until August 2013 and December 2014, respectively. Interest expense increased by $0.5 million in 2008 as compared to 2007. The increase reflected higher average borrowings on local lines of credit and increased interest on capital leases. 22 Foreign currency exchange gains and losses consist of foreign currency transaction gains and losses on intercompany net receivables and payables and the change in fair value of our forward foreign exchange contracts used to manage our foreign currency exchange risk. Foreign currency exchange losses for 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $5.0 million, $7.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively. The 2009 exchange loss was attributable to greater market volatility, higher costs to hedge, and the result of the estimating process inherent in the timing of shipments and payments of intercompany debt. The 2008 loss reflected a number of unhedged European based intercompany loans denominated in Euros, British Sterling and Swiss Francs, which arose as part of our acquisitions in December 2008. The significant volatility in December 2008 resulted in an approximate $3 million non-cash loss on these accounts. Additionally, we recorded a 2008 loss of $1.6 million on unhedged intercompany payables for our Brazilian subsidiaries, which we have not historically hedged due to the high cost. All years are affected by the economic hedging program we employ to hedge our intercompany receivables and payables. Other income and expense, net for 2009 includes investment and dividend income; generally interest income on our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and long term marketable securities. Other income, net in 2009 was $6.9 million compared to other expense, net of $0.4 million in 2008. The 2009 other income, net included a relief of $4.6 million for a foreign non-income based tax obligation, higher interest and dividend income, and lower charges for impairment on investments compared to 2008. We would also include in this category any gains or losses associated with the sale or disposal of surplus manufacturing equipment or other productive assets. Other expense, net of $0.4 million for 2008 was comprised of interest and investment income of $10.6 million on cash and short-term investments. During 2008 we impaired $9.6 million of marketable equity securities, marketable fixed income securities and long-term investments. In each case, the market value of these securities had declined so significantly at December 31, 2008 that their recovery in the foreseeable future could not be anticipated. Other income, net of $19.8 million for 2007 was principally comprised of $21.5 million of investment income for interest on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, only partially offset by impairment on investments. Bio-Rad’s consolidated effective tax rate was 20%, 31% and 22% in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our effective tax rate decreased by approximately 11 percentage points during 2009 as compared to 2008. The decrease was primarily related to the completion in the fourth quarter of 2009 of a U.S. income tax examination covering the years 2001 through 2005, favorable tax rates associated with higher earnings from operations in lower-tax jurisdictions throughout the world and a reduction in our balance of unrecognized tax benefits due to lapses of statutes. The 2009, 2008 and 2007 effective tax rates reflected tax rate benefits of 4%, 4% and 5%, respectively, for non- taxable dividend income, and 7%, 9% and 8%, respectively, for tax credits. The 2009, 2008 and 2007 effective tax rates also reflected benefits in the difference between U.S. and foreign taxes of 7%, 4% and 2%, respectively. The 2008 tax rate reflected a rate detriment of 7% with respect to goodwill impairments. The 2007 tax rate reflected a rate benefit of 3% for the removal of a valuation allowance related to Canadian deferred tax assets. Our effective tax rate may be impacted in the future, either favorably or unfavorably, by many factors including but not limited to statutory tax rates, changes in tax laws or regulations, tax audits and settlements, and generation of tax credits. 23 Liquidity and Capital Resources Bio-Rad operates and conducts business globally, primarily through subsidiary companies established in the markets in which we trade. Goods are manufactured in a small number of locations, and are then shipped to local distribution facilities around the globe. Our product mix is diversified, and certain products compete largely on product efficacy, while others compete on price. Gross margins are generally sufficient to exceed normal operating costs. Funding for research and development of new products as well as routine outflows of capital expenditure and tax expense are covered by cash flow from operations. Our cash flow from operations is also sufficient to make interest payments. In addition to the annual positive cash flow from operating activities, additional liquidity is readily available via the sale of short-term investments. The continuing financial and economic developments may adversely affect our future results of operations. Demand for our products and services could change more dramatically than in previous years based on activity and support levels from government, universities, hospitals and private industry including diagnostic laboratories. A slowdown in the global economy including the United States has caused many governments to announce stimulus packages that often promote support for healthcare and research. These efforts, should they materialize, could offset other declines to our business. To date we are unable to conclude how dramatically the global economic recession or stimulus activity will impact us. At December 31, 2009, we had available $744.8 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Under domestic and international lines of credit, we had $257.0 million available for borrowing as of December 31, 2009, of which $8.2 million is reserved for standby letters of credit issued by our banks to guarantee our obligations to various companies. Included in the lines of credit is the $200.0 million Revolving Credit Facility, which terminates on June 21, 2010, unless it is renewed. Management believes that this availability, together with cash flow from operations, will be adequate to meet our current objectives for operations, research and development, capital additions for manufacturing and distribution, plant and equipment, information technology systems and future acquisitions. The deteriorated condition in credit markets along with the financial service industry experiencing upheavals characterized by bankruptcy, foreclosures, collapse and government intervention could impact both our ability and our customer’s ability to access the necessary capital for acquisition, equipment and technology modernization, and the financing of inventory and receivables. Without this crucial intermediary function, manufacturers and end users may have to renegotiate existing arrangements for sharing additional costs, reducing activity levels or seeking other business partners. Cash Flow from Operations Net cash provided by operations was $325.1 million, $191.4 million and $191.6 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The net change between 2009 and 2008 of $133.7 million represented a $121.9 million improvement in the net change in cash received from customers and cash paid to suppliers. The largest item that contributed to the increase in cash flows was primarily due to a decrease in inventory levels, which provided approximately $36 million of cash inflows in 2009. The expiration of some patents and slower payment patterns reduced royalty payments. Moderation in the growth of headcount and the reduction in other SG&A costs all contributed to an improved cash flow. Additionally, we experienced a reduction in taxes paid of $11.4 million. 24 The small net change between 2008 and 2007 was the result of an increase in net cash collections reduced by supplier and employee payments, offset by income tax payments and lower investment income and other miscellaneous operating receipts. During 2008, the increase in inventory compared to 2007 was concentrated in the Life Science segment and the quality control product line of the Clinical Diagnostics segment. Quality control products are characterized by long lead times. Life Science segment inventories grew to meet anticipated sales that were delayed or cancelled as economic activities declined in the fourth quarter of 2008. We regularly review the allowance for uncollectible receivables and believe net accounts receivable are fully realizable. We also routinely review inventory for the impact of obsolescence and changes in market prices caused by the introduction of new products, technologies and in government reimbursement policies. We expect the first quarter of 2010 cash flows from operations to be lower as Bio-Rad historically makes larger payments for royalties, fourth quarter sales commissions to third parties and employee annual bonuses during this period. Cash Flow from Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities, including capital expenditures was $176.0 million, $146.1 million and $254.4 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. In 2007, we acquired 85.96% of the outstanding shares of DiaMed Holding AG (“DiaMed”) and in 2008 and 2009 we paid cash for the acquisition of additional DiaMed noncontrolling shares and two distributors that brought our ownership of DiaMed to 99.7%. The acquisition of the noncontrolling shares was accounted for as an equity transaction. Although we own 99.7% of DiaMed, there are still outstanding noncontrolling interests in certain subsidiaries acquired as part of the DiaMed acquisition. Capital expenditures in 2009 totaled $66.8 million, compared to $84.8 million and $60.6 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Capital expenditures represent the addition and replacement of production machinery and research equipment, ongoing manufacturing and facility additions for expansions, regulatory and environmental compliance, and leasehold improvements. Also included in capital expenditures were investments in business systems and data communication upgrades and enhancements. All periods included equipment placed with Clinical Diagnostics segment customers who then contract to purchase our reagents for use. Subsequent to year-end, on January 6, 2010, Bio-Rad acquired certain diagnostic businesses of Biotest AG for 45 million Euros (approximately $65.4 million) in cash. Integrating the acquired portion of Biotest's diagnostic businesses into Bio-Rad's product portfolio is expected to broaden its offering in the area of immunohematology and provide Bio-Rad access to the U.S. markets with a range of products. We continue to review other possible acquisitions to expand both our Life Science and Clinical Diagnostics segments. We routinely meet with the principals or brokers of the subject companies. We are evaluating additional acquisitions on a preliminary basis. It is not certain that any of these transactions will advance beyond the preliminary stages or be completed. Cash Flow from Financing Activities Net cash provided by financing activities was $293.9 million and $6.3 million in 2009 and 2008, and net cash used in financing activities was $7.5 million in 2007. Net cash provided by financing activities in 2009 was primarily due to Bio-Rad issuing $300.0 million principal amount of Senior Subordinated 8% Notes in May 2009, which yielded net proceeds of $294.8 million at an effective rate of 8.3%. The net proceeds have been and will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, which may include acquisitions. 25 Net cash provided by financing activities in 2008 principally reflected cash flow for the exercise of stock options and receipts from the Employee Stock Purchase Plan transactions, partially offset by payments on long- term debt that represented the reduction of acquired DiaMed debt. Net cash used in financing activities in 2007 principally reflected payments on long-term debt that represented the reduction of acquired DiaMed debt, partially offset by the cash flow for the exercise of stock options and receipts from the Employee Stock Purchase Plan transactions. Our $200.0 million revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of our personal property assets, the assets of our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the capital stock of certain foreign subsidiaries. It is guaranteed by all of our existing and future material domestic subsidiaries and expires in June 2010. The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $18 million of Bio-Rad’s common stock over an indefinite period of time of which $3.3 million is remaining. Our credit agreements restrict our ability to repurchase our stock. There were no share repurchases made during 2009, 2008 or 2007. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Contractual Obligations The following summarizes certain of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our cash flows in future periods (in millions): Payments Due by Period Contractual Obligations Long-term debt, including current portion (1) Interest payments Operating lease obligations (2) Purchase obligations (3) Long-term liabilities (4) 1-3 Less Than Total One Year Years $ 7.9 106.3 42.8 1.5 11.7 $ 742.6 $ 4.7 286.1 53.1 106.3 31.6 40.7 39.2 -- 35.8 3-5 Years $ 425.1 83.8 15.1 -- 2.3 More than 5 Years $ 304.9 42.9 16.8 -- 21.8 (1) These amounts represent expected cash payments, include capital lease obligations and are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 5 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about our debt. (2) Operating lease obligations are described in Note 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. (3) (4) Purchase obligations include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding to Bio-Rad and that specify all significant terms. Purchase obligations exclude agreements that are cancelable without penalty. Excluded from this table is our liability for income tax payable, including uncertain tax positions, in the amount of $20.0 million. We are not able to reasonably estimate the timing of future cash flows of these tax liabilities, therefore, our income tax obligations are excluded from the table above. See Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. 26 Recent Financial Accounting Standards In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a standard to improve disclosures about fair value measurements. Specifically, the standard requires entities to disclose the amounts of significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for these transfers; the reasons for any transfers in or out of Level 3; and information in the reconciliation of recurring Level 3 measurements about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements on a gross basis. The standard will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2010, except for the requirement to disclose information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the reconciliation of recurring Level 3 measurements on a gross basis. Those disclosures will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2011. This standard will not effect our consolidated financial statements as it is for disclosure purposes only. In October 2009, the FASB issued guidance in regard to multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements, and guidance in regard to certain arrangements that include software elements. The guidance in regard to multiple- deliverable revenue arrangements requires entities to allocate revenue in an arrangement using estimated selling prices of the delivered goods and services based on a selling price hierarchy. The guidance eliminates the residual method of revenue allocation and requires revenue to be allocated using the relative selling price method. The guidance in regard to certain arrangements that include software elements removes tangible products from the scope of software revenue guidance and provides guidance on determining whether software deliverables in an arrangement that includes a tangible product are covered by the scope of the software revenue guidance. The two new issuances should be applied on a prospective basis for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified and will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2011, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect to adopt early and the effect of adopting these two new issuances is under review by management. In June 2009, the FASB established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (FASB Codification) as the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. The FASB Codification explicitly recognizes rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws as sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The FASB Codification became effective for our interim period ended September 30, 2009 and the adoption of the FASB Codification did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. In May 2009, we adopted general standards of accounting for and disclosure of subsequent events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. On January 1, 2009, we adopted enhanced disclosures regarding fair value measurements for nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured or recognized at fair value on a non-recurring basis. In addition in April 2009, we adopted the following new general standards intended to provide additional application guidance and enhance disclosures regarding fair value measurements and impairments of securities. A new general standard in regard to determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased and identifying transactions that are not orderly, provides additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. The general standard also provides guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. The effect of this new general standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 27 A new general standard in regard to interim disclosures about fair value of financial instruments, requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies that were previously only required to be disclosed in annual financial statements. As this general standard amends only the disclosure requirements about fair value of financial instruments in interim periods, the adoption of this general standard did not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. A new general standard in regard to recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments, amends current other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than- temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. This general standard does not amend existing recognition and measurement guidance related to other-than- temporary impairments of equity securities. The adoption of this general standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. On January 1, 2009 we adopted a new standard in regard to noncontrolling interests in consolidated financial statements. This standard establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary (minority interest) is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent company’s equity. This statement also requires disclosure, on the face of the Consolidated Statements of Income, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest. These disclosure requirements have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The adoption of this standard impacted certain captions previously used on the Consolidated Statements of Income, largely identifying net income including noncontrolling interests and net income attributable to Bio-Rad. Certain captions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Cash flows have also changed. On January 1, 2009, we adopted new guidance in regard to determining whether instruments granted in share- based payment transactions are participating securities. This guidance concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share (EPS) pursuant to the two-class method. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our EPS data in 2009 or on EPS for any prior periods. ITEM 7A. QUANTITIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Financial Risk Management The main goal of Bio-Rad’s financial risk management program is to reduce the variance in expected cash flows arising from unexpected foreign exchange rate and interest rate changes. Financial exposures are managed through operational means and by using various financial instruments, including cash and liquid resources, borrowings, and forward and spot foreign exchange contracts. No derivative financial instruments are entered into for the purpose of trading or speculation. Company policy requires that all derivative positions are undertaken to manage the risks arising from underlying business activities. These derivative transactions do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment per general standards for derivatives and hedging. Derivative instruments used in these transactions are valued at fair value and changes in fair value are included in reported earnings. 28 Foreign Exchange Risk. We operate and conduct business in many countries and are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. We face transactional currency exposures that arise when we enter into transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars. Additionally, our consolidated net equity is impacted by the conversion of the net assets of our international subsidiaries for which the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency exposures are managed on a centralized basis. This allows for the netting of natural offsets and lowers transaction costs and net exposures. Where possible, we seek to manage our foreign exchange risk in part through operational means, including matching same-currency revenues to same currency costs, and same-currency assets to same-currency liabilities. Moreover, weakening in one currency can often be offset by strengthening in another currency. Foreign exchange risk is also managed through the use of forward foreign exchange contracts. Positions are primarily in Euro, Swiss Franc, British Sterling and Japanese Yen. The majority of forward contracts are for periods of 90 days or less. We record the change in value of our foreign currency receivables and payables as a Foreign exchange (gain) loss on our Consolidated Statements of Income along with the change in fair market value of the forward exchange contract used as an economic hedge of those assets or liabilities. Our forward contract holdings at year-end were analyzed to determine their sensitivity to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. All other variables were held constant. Market risk associated with derivative holdings is the potential change in fair value of derivative positions arising from an adverse movement in foreign exchange rates. A decline of 10% on quoted foreign exchange rates would result in an approximate net- present-value loss of $33 million on our derivative position. This impact of a change in exchange rates excludes the offset derived from the change in value of the underlying assets and liabilities, which could reduce the adverse effect significantly. Interest Rate Risk of Debt Instruments. Bio-Rad centrally manages the short-term cash surpluses and shortfalls of its subsidiaries. Our holdings of variable rate debt instruments at year-end were analyzed to determine their sensitivity to movements in interest rates. Due to the relatively small amount of short-term variable rate debt we have outstanding, there would not be a material impact to earnings or cash flows if interest rates moved adversely by 10%. Our long-term debt consists primarily of fixed-rate instruments, and is thus insulated from interest rate changes. As of December 31, 2009, the overall interest rate risk associated with our debt was not significant. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Report of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2009 and 2008 Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Page 30 31 32-33 34 35 36 37-65 29 REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. as of December 31, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for the year then ended. Our audit also included the financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Bio-Rad Laboratories at December 31, 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. As discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively adjusted for the adoption of new accounting standards for Noncontrolling Interests and Interests Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 26, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Palo Alto, California February 26, 2010 30 REPORT OF DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP, INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Hercules, California We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. As discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively adjusted for the adoption of new accounting standards for Noncontrolling Interests and Interests Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP San Francisco, California February 25, 2009 (May 18, 2009 as to the effects of the retrospective adoption of new accounting standards as described in Note 1 to the financial statements) 31 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands) ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Short-term investments Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $23,100 in 2009 and $19,567 in 2008 Inventories: Raw materials Work in process Finished goods Total inventories Deferred tax assets Prepaid expenses, taxes and other current assets Total current assets Property, plant and equipment: Land and improvements Buildings and leasehold improvements Equipment Total property, plant and equipment Accumulated depreciation Property, plant and equipment, net Goodwill, net Purchased intangibles, net Long-term deferred tax assets Other assets TOTAL ASSETS December 31, 2009 2008 $ 649,938 94,876 $ 204,524 38,950 345,734 339,653 68,155 97,513 185,538 351,206 69,549 105,007 201,060 375,616 43,102 41,408 77,818 1,562,674 93,790 1,093,941 16,853 204,612 506,686 728,151 (425,734) 302,417 327,626 204,779 13,272 125,085 16,567 193,318 466,024 675,909 (375,177) 300,732 321,820 228,590 12,361 79,820 $ 2,535,853 $ 2,037,264 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 32 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands, except share data) LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued payroll and employee benefits Notes payable and current maturities of long-term debt Income and other taxes payable Accrued royalties Current deferred taxes Other current liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term debt, net of current maturities Deferred income taxes Other long-term liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingent liabilities December 31, 2009 2008 $ $ 92,988 126,702 5,132 42,322 46,692 5,467 100,669 419,972 737,919 42,894 55,855 1,256,640 117,982 119,420 9,578 33,731 30,874 8,159 98,290 418,034 445,979 42,570 60,041 966,624 -- 2 1 STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Bio-Rad stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 7,500,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding - none Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 80,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding – 22,406,669 at 2009 and 22,182,451 at 2008 Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding – 5,119,402 at 2009 and 5,137,357 at 2008 -- 2 1 Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income: Currency translation and other Total Bio-Rad stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests Total stockholders’ equity TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 130,444 996,197 124,401 851,577 133,082 1,259,726 19,487 1,279,213 $ 2,535,853 65,158 1,041,139 29,501 1,070,640 $ 2,037,264 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 33 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Income (in thousands, except per share data) Net sales Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expense Product research and development expense Purchased in-process research and development expense Impairment losses on goodwill and long-lived assets Income from operations Interest expense Foreign exchange losses Other (income) expense, net Income before taxes Provision for income taxes Net income including noncontrolling interests Year Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $ 1,784,244 $ 1,764,365 $ 1,461,052 784,401 999,843 601,468 163,585 -- 3,802 230,988 47,024 5,003 (6,871) 185,832 (36,667) 149,165 801,843 962,522 591,304 159,518 -- 28,757 182,943 32,113 7,634 353 142,843 (44,579) 98,264 (8,754) 669,690 791,362 507,978 140,535 7,656 -- 135,193 31,606 2,576 (19,832) 120,843 (26,548) 94,295 (1,301) 92,994 3.48 26,716 3.41 27,292 Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (4,545) Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Basic earnings per share: Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Weighted average common shares Diluted earnings per share: Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Weighted average common shares $ 144,620 $ 89,510 $ $ 5.28 $ 3.30 $ 27,404 27,112 $ 5.20 $ 3.24 $ 27,828 27,638 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 34 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Cash received from customers Cash paid to suppliers and employees Interest paid Income tax payments Miscellaneous receipts (payments), net Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures, net Payments for acquisitions, net of cash received, and long-term investments Payments on purchases of intangible assets Purchases of marketable securities and investments Sales and maturities of marketable securities and investments Foreign currency economic hedges, net Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Net payments on notes payable Long-term borrowings Payments on long-term borrowings Proceeds from issuance of common stock Debt issuance costs on 8% Notes Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Year Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $ 1,778,316 (1,386,382) (38,471) (37,749) 10,024 (664) 325,074 $ 1,765,667 (1,495,669) (30,792) (49,159) 6,374 (5,050) 191,371 $ 1,467,626 (1,225,968) (30,588) (38,253) 21,755 (2,992) 191,580 (66,795) (84,809) (60,595) (35,990) (9,566) (147,554) 86,473 (2,520) (175,952) (2,303) 294,750 (6,823) 10,286 (2,641) 664 293,933 (53,014) (4,000) (77,800) 78,906 (5,390) (146,107) (1,642) 1,600 (11,589) 12,912 -- 5,050 6,331 (387,673) (2,075) (270,174) 470,200 (4,112) (254,429) (4,326) 24 (17,720) 11,580 -- 2,992 (7,450) Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash 2,359 (8,835) 8,456 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year Non-cash investing activities: Capital lease obligation for facilities Purchased intangible assets 445,414 204,524 649,938 -- -- $ $ $ $ $ $ 42,760 161,764 204,524 $ (61,843) 223,607 161,764 9,768 11,357 $ $ -- -- The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 35 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (in thousands) Common stock, $0.0001 par value: Balance at beginning of year Issuance of common stock Balance at end of year Additional paid-in capital: Balance at beginning of year Purchase of additional controlling interests Issuance of common stock Stock compensation expense Tax benefit from exercise of stock options Balance at end of year Retained earnings: Balance at beginning of year Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Adjustment upon adoption of change in accounting for income taxes Balance at end of year Accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to Bio-Rad: Balance at beginning of year Other comprehensive income (loss) Balance at end of year Noncontrolling interests: Balance at beginning of year Initial acquisition Purchase of additional controlling interests Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Other comprehensive income (loss) Balance at end of year Year Ended December 31, 2008 2009 2007 $ $ 3 -- 3 $ 3 -- 3 3 -- 3 124,401 (14,023) 10,286 9,084 696 130,444 851,577 144,620 -- 996,197 65,158 67,924 133,082 29,501 -- (14,588) 4,545 29 19,487 98,629 -- 12,912 7,328 5,532 124,401 762,067 89,510 -- 851,577 110,224 (45,066) 65,158 35,201 -- (13,279) 8,754 (1,175) 29,501 78,230 -- 11,580 5,506 3,313 98,629 674,070 92,994 (4,997) 762,067 67,235 42,989 110,224 -- 33,133 -- 1,301 767 35,201 Total stockholders’ equity $ 1,279,213 $ 1,070,640 $ 1,006,124 Comprehensive income, net of tax: Net income including noncontrolling interests Currency translation adjustments Other post-employment benefits adjustments net of tax of $432 in 2009 and ($357) in 2008 Net unrealized holding gains (losses) net of tax of $2,768 $ 149,165 34,112 $ 98,264 (18,671) $ 94,295 45,856 (848) 1,848 -- in 2009, ($9,381) in 2008 and ($1,396) in 2007 32,492 (19,162) (2,433) *Reclassification adjustments for gains (losses) included in net income, net of tax of ($1,279) in 2009, $0 in 2008 and ($193) in 2007 Total comprehensive income Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests Total comprehensive income attributable to Bio-Rad, net of tax 2,197 217,118 4,574 $ 212,544 $ (10,256) 52,023 7,579 44,444 $ 333 138,051 2,068 135,983 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. *Calculated using the specific identification method 36 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and all of our wholly and majority owned subsidiaries (referred to in this report as “Bio-Rad,” “we,” “us” and “our”) after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We evaluate subsequent events and the evidence they provide about conditions existing at the date of the balance sheet as well as conditions that arose after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. The effects of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date are recognized in the financial statements. Events and conditions arising after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued are evaluated to determine if disclosure is required to keep the financial statements from being misleading. To the extent such events and conditions exist, disclosures are made regarding the nature of events and the estimated financial effects for those events and conditions. For purposes of preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the following notes to these financial statements, we evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less which are readily convertible into cash. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Available-for-Sale Investments Available-for-sale investments consist of corporate obligations, municipal securities, asset backed securities, U.S. agencies and marketable equity securities. Management classifies investments at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification at each balance sheet date. Investments with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their liquid nature and because such marketable securities represent the investment of cash that is available for current operations. Available-for-sale investments are reported at fair value based on quoted market prices and other observable market data. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as a component of other comprehensive income, net of any related tax effect. Unrealized losses are charged against income when a decline in the fair value of an individual security is determined to be other-than- temporary. We review our available-for-sale investments for other-than-temporary losses on a quarterly basis. Realized gains and losses and other-than-temporary impairments on investments are included in Other (income) expense, net (see Note 9). 37 Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments, foreign exchange contracts and trade accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents and investments are placed with various highly rated major financial institutions located in different geographic regions. Bio-Rad has not sustained significant losses from instruments held at financial institutions. The forward contracts used in managing our foreign currency exposures have an element of risk in that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. We attempt to minimize this risk by limiting the counterparties to a diverse group of highly-rated domestic and international financial institutions. In the event of non-performance by these counterparties, the carrying values of our financial instruments represent the maximum amount of loss we would have incurred as of our fiscal year-end. However, we do not expect to record any losses as a result of counterparty default. We perform credit evaluation procedures related to our trade receivables and with the exception of certain developing countries, generally do not require collateral. As a result of increased risk in these developing countries, some Bio-Rad sales are subject to collateral letters of credit from our customers. Credit risk for trade accounts receivable is generally limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across many geographic areas. However, a significant amount of trade receivables are with national healthcare systems in countries within the European Economic Community. We do not currently anticipate a credit risk associated with these receivables. Accounts Receivable We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. The amount of the allowance is determined by analyzing known uncollectible accounts, aged receivables, economic conditions in the customers’ country or industry, historical losses and our customers’ credit-worthiness. Amounts later determined and specifically identified to be uncollectible are charged or written off against this reserve. Inventory Inventories are valued at the lower of actual cost or market (net realizable value) and include material, labor and overhead costs. The First-in, First-out (FIFO) method is used to remove inventory. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Included in property, plant and equipment are buildings and equipment acquired under capital lease arrangements and reagent rental equipment. Property, plant and equipment are assessed for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Buildings and leasehold improvements are amortized over 15-30 years or the term of the leases or life of the improvements, whichever is shorter. With the exception of reagent rental equipment, which is amortized over a 1-5 year period, equipment is depreciated over 3-12 years. Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment of $1.2 million, $0.9 million and $0.2 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, are included in Capital expenditures, net in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 38 Goodwill and Other Purchased Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill is assessed for impairment by applying fair value based tests annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. We perform impairment tests of goodwill at our reporting unit level, which is one level below our reporting segments. Our reporting units are identified as components for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by management. Goodwill amounts are assigned to reporting units at the time of acquisition. The goodwill impairment test consists of a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. We use discounted cash flow models to determine the fair value of a reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired, and the second step of the impairment test is not required. The second step, if required, compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The fair value of a reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Intangible assets are assessed for impairment by applying fair value based tests annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Impairment expense is calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its fair value. The fair value is estimated based on its discounted future cash flows. Impairment charges related to goodwill and intangible assets of $3.8 million and $28.8 million were recorded in 2009 and 2008, respectively (see Note 4). No impairment losses were recorded in 2007. Long-Lived Assets For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, a long-lived asset or assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. We assess the impairment of long-lived assets (including identifiable intangible assets) annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that we consider important that could trigger an impairment review include: • • • • significant under-performance relative to expected, historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of the long-lived assets, intangible assets or the strategy for our overall business; a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of at a loss before the end of its previously estimated useful life; and significant negative industry, legal, regulatory or economic trends. 39 When management determines that the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we test for any impairment based on a projected undiscounted cash flow method. Projected future operating results and cash flows of the asset or asset group are used to establish the fair value used in evaluating the carrying value of long-lived and intangible assets. We estimate the future cash flows of the long-lived assets using current and long-term financial forecasts. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If this is the case, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. Income Taxes We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. To the extent we determine that we are able to realize our deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which may reduce the provision for income taxes. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements on a particular tax position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits is adjusted as appropriate for changes in facts and circumstances, such as significant amendments to existing tax law, new regulations or interpretations by the taxing authorities, new information obtained during a tax examination, or resolution of an examination. We recognize both accrued interest and penalties, where appropriate, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when pervasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, collectibility is reasonably assured and title has passed to the customer or product has been delivered absent specific contractual specifications. Equipment that requires factory installation is not recorded until installation is complete and customer acceptance, if required contractually, has occurred. At the time the related revenue is recognized, a provision is recognized for estimated product returns. Reagent agreements are a diagnostic industry sales method that provides use of an instrument if the customer exclusively purchases the company’s reagents to use on that instrument. We have evaluated the reagent agreements and account for the contracts under the terms of the guidance in regard to accounting for revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables. All revenues that we earn under our reagent agreements are recognized when the reagent has been delivered to or used by the customer. Service revenues on extended warranty contracts are recognized ratably over the life of the service agreement or as services are performed, if not under contract. Shipping and Handling We classify all freight costs billed to customers as net sales. Related freight costs are included in cost of goods sold. 40 Warranty We warrant certain equipment against defects in design, materials and workmanship, generally for a period of one year. Upon delivery of that equipment, we establish, as part of Cost of goods sold, a provision for the expected costs of such warranty based on historical experience, specific warranty terms and customer feedback. A review is performed on a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual. Components of the warranty accrual, included in Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, were as follows (in millions): January 1 Provision for warranty Actual warranty costs December 31 2009 2008 $ 15.8 16.8 (16.5) $ 15.3 18.5 (18.0) $ 16.1 $ 15.8 Research and Development Internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed. Purchased in-process research and development costs before January 1, 2009 were expensed at the time of purchase. Beginning January 1, 2009 under a new accounting standard, purchased in-process research and development costs are capitalized as an intangible asset. Foreign Currency Balance sheet accounts of international subsidiaries are translated at the current exchange rates as of the end of the accounting period. Income statement items are translated at average exchange rates for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in Foreign exchange losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Transaction gains and losses result primarily from fluctuations in exchange rates when intercompany receivables and payables are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our subsidiary that recorded the transaction. Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts As part of distributing our products, we regularly enter into intercompany transactions. We enter into forward foreign exchange contracts to manage foreign exchange risk of future movements in exchange rates that affect foreign currency denominated intercompany receivables and payables. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes, nor do we seek hedge accounting treatment for any of our contracts. As a result, these contracts, generally with maturity dates of 90 days or less and related primarily to currencies of industrial countries, are recorded as an asset or liability measured at their fair value at each balance sheet date. The resulting gains or losses offset exchange gains or losses on the related receivables and payables, all of which are recorded as Foreign exchange losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The cash flows related to these contracts are classified as Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 41 Noncontrolling Interests We do not own 100% of the voting stock of some of our consolidated subsidiaries. The remaining shares held by third parties represent a noncontrolling (or minority) interest in these subsidiaries. Our consolidated statements present the full amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses of all of our consolidated subsidiaries, with offsetting amounts shown in Noncontrolling interests for the portion of these items that are not attributable to us. Share-Based Compensation Plans Stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards granted is determined based on the grant-date fair value. We recognize these compensation costs net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term of the share-based payment awards. We estimated the forfeiture rate based on our historical experience. These plans are described more fully in Note 8. Earnings per Share Effective January 1, 2009, we adopted new guidance which specified that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share (EPS) pursuant to the two-class method. As our unvested restricted shares qualify as participating securities, we have included these shares in the computation of EPS. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to Bio-Rad by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for that period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as stock options and restricted stock, and uses the average share price for the period in determining the number of potential common shares that are to be added to the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Potential common shares are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation if the effect would be anti-dilutive. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share and the anti-dilutive shares are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2008 2009 2007 Basic weighted average shares outstanding Effect of potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock awards Diluted weighted average common shares Anti-dilutive shares 27,404 27,112 26,716 424 27,828 526 27,638 576 27,292 176 105 279 42 Fair Value of Financial Instruments For certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, marketable securities, notes payable, accounts payable and foreign exchange contracts, the carrying amounts approximate fair value. The estimated fair value of financial instruments are based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) using available market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange as considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data used to develop estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions or estimation techniques could have a material effect on the estimated fair value (see Note 3). Recent Financial Accounting Standards In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a standard to improve disclosures about fair value measurements. Specifically, the standard requires entities to disclose the amounts of significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for these transfers; the reasons for any transfers in or out of Level 3; and information in the reconciliation of recurring Level 3 measurements about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements on a gross basis. The standard will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2010, except for the requirement to disclose information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the reconciliation of recurring Level 3 measurements on a gross basis. Those disclosures will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2011. This standard will not effect our consolidated financial statements as it is for disclosure purposes only. In October 2009, the FASB issued guidance in regard to multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements, and guidance in regard to certain arrangements that include software elements. The guidance in regard to multiple- deliverable revenue arrangements requires entities to allocate revenue in an arrangement using estimated selling prices of the delivered goods and services based on a selling price hierarchy. The guidance eliminates the residual method of revenue allocation and requires revenue to be allocated using the relative selling price method. The guidance in regard to certain arrangements that include software elements removes tangible products from the scope of software revenue guidance and provides guidance on determining whether software deliverables in an arrangement that includes a tangible product are covered by the scope of the software revenue guidance. The two new issuances should be applied on a prospective basis for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified and will be effective for our interim period ending March 31, 2011, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect to adopt early and the effect of adopting these two new issuances is under review by management. In June 2009, the FASB established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (FASB Codification) as the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. The FASB Codification explicitly recognizes rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws as sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The FASB Codification became effective for our interim period ended September 30, 2009 and the adoption of the FASB Codification did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. In May 2009, we adopted general standards of accounting for and disclosure of subsequent events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 43 On January 1, 2009, we adopted enhanced disclosures regarding fair value measurements for nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured or recognized at fair value on a non-recurring basis. In addition in April 2009, we adopted the following new general standards intended to provide additional application guidance and enhance disclosures regarding fair value measurements and impairments of securities. A new general standard in regard to determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased and identifying transactions that are not orderly, provides additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. The general standard also provides guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. The effect of this new general standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. A new general standard in regard to interim disclosures about fair value of financial instruments, requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies that were previously only required to be disclosed in annual financial statements. As this general standard amends only the disclosure requirements about fair value of financial instruments in interim periods, the adoption of this general standard did not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. A new general standard in regard to recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments, amends current other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than- temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. This general standard does not amend existing recognition and measurement guidance related to other-than- temporary impairments of equity securities. The adoption of this general standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. On January 1, 2009 we adopted a new standard in regard to noncontrolling interests in consolidated financial statements. This standard establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary (minority interest) is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent company’s equity. This statement also requires disclosure, on the face of the Consolidated Statements of Income, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest. These disclosure requirements have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The adoption of this standard impacted certain captions previously used on the Consolidated Statements of Income, largely identifying net income including noncontrolling interests and net income attributable to Bio-Rad. Certain captions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Cash flows have also changed. On January 1, 2009, we adopted new guidance in regard to determining whether instruments granted in share- based payment transactions are participating securities. This guidance concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share (EPS) pursuant to the two-class method. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our EPS data in 2009 or on EPS for any prior periods. 44 2. ACQUISITIONS DiaMed Holding AG (DiaMed) develops, manufactures and markets worldwide a complete line of reagents used in blood typing and screening as well as instruments and instrument systems that use its proprietary reagents. Its products are used by hospitals, clinical laboratories and blood banks to identify certain properties of the cell and serum components of human blood prior to a blood transfusion. On October 1, 2007, we acquired 85.96% of the outstanding shares of DiaMed for $399.3 million. In March 2008, we acquired an additional 556 shares of DiaMed for approximately $14 million and in December 2008 we acquired an additional 600 shares of DiaMed for $19.6 million. The total purchase as of December 31, 2008 of approximately $432.9 million included $38.1 million of net tangible assets, $202.0 million of goodwill, and $192.8 million of intangible assets and is included in our Clinical Diagnostics segment. We do not expect the goodwill recorded with these acquisitions to be deductible for tax purposes. The allocation of the total purchase price to net tangible assets, goodwill and other intangible assets was recorded at fair market value based upon management estimates except for the noncontrolling interest share in such assets and liabilities, which was recorded at historical cost. In April 2009, we purchased 955 of the remaining 1,000 shares of DiaMed, which were held by multiple noncontrolling shareholders. We paid approximately $30 million to these shareholders under the terms of the original purchase agreement. Bio-Rad’s additional paid-in capital and noncontrolling interests were reduced by $14.2 million and $14.5 million, respectively, and the remainder of the purchase price attributable to commissions was expensed. As of December 31, 2009, our total ownership of the outstanding shares of DiaMed amounted to 99.7%. In February 2010, we acquired the remaining 45 shares for 1.5 million Swiss Francs or approximately $1.4 million. The remaining outstanding noncontrolling interests in certain subsidiaries acquired as part of the DiaMed acquisition are recorded as Noncontrolling interests in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In December 2008, we acquired 100% of the shares of DiaMed Fennica Oy (Fennica) and 100% of the shares of DiaMed (G.B.) Limited. These companies were independent distributors of DiaMed products and are included in our Clinical Diagnostics segment. The total cash purchase price of these acquisitions was approximately $17 million. We acquired $2.2 million of net tangible liabilities, $5.7 million of goodwill and $13.5 million of intangible assets based on the completion of the purchase price allocations during 2009. We do not expect the goodwill recorded with this acquisition to be deductible for tax purposes. 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS We determine the fair value of an asset or liability based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The identification of market participant assumptions provides a basis for determining what inputs are to be used for pricing each asset or liability. A fair value hierarchy has been established which gives precedence to fair value measurements calculated using observable inputs over those using unobservable inputs. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows: • Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical securities • Level 2 Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar securities) • Level 3 Significant unobservable inputs (including our assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) 45 Financial assets carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2009 are classified in the hierarchy as follows (in millions): Assets: Cash equivalents Corporate debt securities Municipal obligations Asset-backed securities U.S. government sponsored agencies Foreign government obligations Marketable equity securities Forward foreign exchange contracts Level 1 Level 2 Total $ 301.4 -- -- -- -- -- 64.2 -- $ 89.8 23.8 2.4 5.5 41.5 17.9 0.2 0.3 $ 391.2 23.8 2.4 5.5 41.5 17.9 64.4 0.3 Total $ 365.6 $ 181.4 $ 547.0 Financial assets carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2008 are classified in the hierarchy as follows (in millions): Assets: Cash equivalents Corporate debt securities Municipal obligations Asset-backed securities U.S. government sponsored agencies Marketable equity securities Level 1 Level 2 Total $ 67.1 6.0 -- -- -- 27.3 $ -- 1.0 5.0 12.5 7.3 0.2 $ 67.1 7.0 5.0 12.5 7.3 27.5 Total $ 100.4 $ 26.0 $ 126.4 As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we do not hold any financial assets that use Level 3 inputs to determine fair value. 46 Available-for-sale investments consist of the following (in millions): December 31, 2009 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Estimated Fair Value Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities Municipal obligations Asset-backed securities U.S. government sponsored agencies Foreign government obligations Marketable equity securities $ Long-term investments: Marketable equity securities Asset-backed securities $ $ 23.8 2.4 0.9 41.5 17.9 8.6 95.1 29.9 5.0 34.9 -- -- -- -- -- 0.4 0.4 26.4 0.2 26.6 -- -- -- -- -- (0.6) (0.6) (0.3) (0.6) (0.9) $ 23.8 2.4 0.9 41.5 17.9 8.4 94.9 56.0 4.6 60.6 Total $ 130.0 $ 27.0 $ (1.5) $ 155.5 December 31, 2008 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Estimated Fair Value Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities Municipal obligations Asset-backed securities U.S. government sponsored agencies Marketable equity securities $ Long-term investments: Marketable equity securities $ 7.0 5.0 14.1 7.3 10.6 44.0 28.5 28.5 Total $ 72.5 $ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- $ -- -- (1.6) -- (3.4) (5.0) (8.2) (8.2) $ 7.0 5.0 12.5 7.3 7.2 39.0 20.3 20.3 $ (13.2) $ 59.3 47 As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had investments with gross unrealized losses of $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively, that were in a loss position for 12 months or more. As of December 31, 2008, we had investments with gross unrealized losses of $11.4 million that were in a loss position for less than 12 months. The number of investment positions that are in an unrealized loss position are 37 as of December 31, 2009. The unrealized losses on these securities are due to a number of factors, including changes in interest rates, changes in economic conditions and changes in market outlook for various industries, among others. Because Bio-Rad has the ability and intent to hold these investments with unrealized losses until a recovery of fair value, or for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a forecasted recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2009. The following is a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of our debt securities at December 31, 2009 by contractual maturity date (in millions): Mature in less than one year Mature in one to five years Mature in more than five years Total Amortized Cost Fair Value $ $ 85.5 -- 6.0 91.5 $ $ 85.5 -- 5.6 91.1 The estimated fair value of financial instruments in the table below has been determined using available market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies. Estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange as considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data used to develop estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions or estimation techniques could have a material effect on the estimated fair value. Other assets include some financial instruments that have fair values based on market quotations. Long-term debt has an estimated fair value based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues. The estimated fair value of our financial instruments is as follows (in millions): December 31, 2009 December 31, 2008 Carrying Amount Estimated Fair Value Estimated Carrying Amount Fair Value Other assets Total long-term debt $ 101.8 $ 720.1 $ 119.6 $ 734.1 $ 79.8 $ 425.0 $ 78.2 $ 381.0 48 We own shares of ordinary voting stock of Sartorius AG, of Goettingen, Germany, a process technology supplier to the biotechnology, pharmaceutical, chemical and food and beverage industries. We purchased shares for approximately $0.3 million in 2009 and approximately $1 million in 2008, bringing our total investment to approximately 28% of the outstanding voting shares of Sartorius at December 31, 2009. The Sartorius family trust and Sartorius family members hold a controlling interest of the outstanding voting shares. We do not have any representative or designee on Sartorius’ board of directors, nor do we have any other influence over the operating and financial policies of Sartorius. Therefore, we account for this investment using the cost method. This investment is reported in Other assets. 4. GOODWILL AND OTHER PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill balances have been included in Corporate for segment reporting purposes in Note 13. Changes to Goodwill were as follows (in millions): Life Science 2009 Clinical Diagnostics Total 2009 Life Science 2008 Clinical Diagnostics Total 2008 Balances as of January 1: Goodwill Accumulated impairment losses Goodwill, net Additional share purchase Updated purchase price allocation Acquisitions Impairment Currency fluctuations/other Balances as of December 31: Goodwill Accumulated impairment losses Goodwill, net $ 70.7 (27.2) 43.5 -- -- -- -- -- $ 278.3 -- 278.3 -- (1.6) -- -- 7.4 $ 349.0 (27.2) 321.8 -- (1.6) -- -- - $ 70.7 -- 70.7 -- -- -- (27.2) -- 7.4 $ 257.7 -- 257.7 12.2 (11.6) 7.4 -- 12.6 $ 328.4 -- 328.4 12.2 (11.6) 7.4 (27.2) 12.6 70.7 (27.2) $ 43.5 284.1 -- $ 284.1 354.8 (27.2) $ 327.6 70.7 (27.2) $ 43.5 278.3 -- $ 278.3 349.0 (27.2) $ 321.8 As part of the acquisition of DiaMed in October 2007 and the purchase of additional shares in March and December 2008 (see Note 2), we acquired $202.0 million of goodwill and $192.8 million of intangible assets: $72.6 million of customer relationships, $81.1 million of know how, $17.0 million of tradenames, $18.7 million of developed product technology and $3.4 million of licenses. The purchase price allocation was finalized in 2008 and involved certain analyses of inventory, taxes and external valuations for certain fixed assets and property. The final revisions included adjustments to the carrying value of DiaMed’s recorded assets and liabilities and related depreciation and amortization, with the residual amount being allocated to goodwill. Some estimated acquisition liabilities were settled without requiring payment, additional collections were made on opening balance receivables and an increase in work in process inventory was recorded. 49 During the fourth quarter of 2008, a $27.2 million impairment loss related to goodwill was recorded in the Life Science segment. The goodwill was originally recorded as part of an acquisition in 1999. The impairment was caused primarily by the continuing decline in sales of the BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) product line. Other than goodwill, we have no intangible assets with indefinite lives. Information regarding our identifiable purchased intangible assets with definite lives is as follows (in millions): Average Remaining Life (years) Customer relationships/lists Know how Developed product technology Licenses Tradenames Covenants not to compete Patents Other 1-14 1-7 1-12 2-11 3-12 2-9 1 2 Average Remaining Life (years) Customer relationships/lists Know how Developed product technology Licenses Tradenames Covenants not to compete Patents Other 2-15 1-8 1-13 3-11 4-13 3-10 2 3 December 31, 2009 Purchase Accumulated Amortization $(15.9) (28.5) (16.5) (12.2) (8.8) (3.4) (0.9) (0.1) $(86.3) Price $ 90.3 92.0 40.5 37.6 23.6 6.0 1.0 0.1 $ 291.1 December 31, 2008 Purchase Accumulated Amortization $ (7.6) (18.9) (12.6) (8.8) (4.2) (2.1) (0.6) (0.1) $(54.9) Price $ 83.4 90.8 44.7 37.5 21.1 4.9 1.0 0.1 $ 283.5 Net Carrying Amount $ 74.4 63.5 24.0 25.4 14.8 2.6 0.1 -- $ 204.8 Net Carrying Amount $ 75.8 71.9 32.1 28.7 16.9 2.8 0.4 -- $ 228.6 During the fourth quarters of 2009 and 2008, $3.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively, of impairment losses related to intangible assets were recorded in the Life Science segment. The intangible asset impairments related to the developed technology intangible assets of certain product lines that were acquired in 2006. Amortization expense related to purchased intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $31.7 million, $29.8 million and $12.8 million, respectively. Estimated future amortization expense (based on existing intangible assets) for the years ending December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 is $31.5 million, $30.1 million, $26.8 million, $24.1 million and $21.1 million, respectively. 50 5. NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT Notes payable includes local credit lines maintained by our international subsidiaries aggregating approximately $52.7 million, of which $49.1 million was unused at December 31, 2009. At December 31, 2008, these lines aggregated approximately $27.5 million, of which $20.3 million was unused. The weighted average interest rate on these lines was 4.0% and 4.1% at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Bio-Rad guaranteed most of these credit lines. The principal components of long-term debt are as follows (in millions): December 31, December 31, 2009 2008 7.5% Senior Subordinated Notes 6.125% Senior Subordinated Notes 8.0% Senior Subordinated Notes Capital leases and other debt $ Less current maturities Long-term debt $ 225.0 200.0 295.1 22.5 742.6 (4.7) 737.9 $ 225.0 200.0 -- 28.2 453.2 (7.2) $ 446.0 In May 2009, Bio-Rad sold $300.0 million principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 (8.0% Notes). The sale yielded net cash proceeds of $294.8 million at an effective interest rate of 8.3%. The notes pay a fixed rate of interest of 8.0% per year. We have the option to redeem any or all of the 8.0% Notes at various declining redemption prices or at 100% of the principal amount plus the “applicable premium” (as defined by the indenture) along with accrued and unpaid interest and certain other charges depending on the date redeemed. Bio-Rad’s obligations under the 8.0% Notes are not secured, rank equal to other senior subordinated notes and rank junior to all of Bio-Rad’s existing and future senior debt. In December 2004, Bio-Rad sold $200.0 million principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 (6.125% Notes). The notes pay a fixed rate of interest of 6.125% per year. We have the option to redeem any or all of the 6.125% Notes at various declining redemption prices or at 100% of the principal amount plus the “applicable premium” (as defined by the indenture) along with accrued and unpaid interest and certain other charges depending on the date redeemed. Bio-Rad’s obligations under the 6.125% Notes are not secured, rank equal to other senior subordinated notes and rank junior to all of Bio-Rad’s existing and future senior debt. In August 2003, Bio-Rad sold $225.0 million principal amount of Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013 (7.5% Notes). The notes pay a fixed rate of interest of 7.5% per year. We have the option to redeem any or all of the 7.5% Notes at various declining redemption prices or at 100% of the principal amount plus the “applicable premium” (as defined by the indenture) along with accrued and unpaid interest and certain other charges depending on the date redeemed. Bio-Rad’s obligations under the 7.5% Notes are not secured, rank equal to other senior subordinated notes and rank junior to all of Bio-Rad’s existing and future senior debt. In May 2009, Bio-Rad entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (Credit Agreement). Amendment No. 3 amends certain provisions of the Credit Agreement including increasing the amount of certain indebtedness permitted under the Credit Agreement under certain conditions, as well as increasing the permitted maximum leverage ratio to permit the issuance of the 8.0% Notes. 51 Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are on a revolving basis and can be used to make acquisitions, for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We had no outstanding balance under the Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2009. The Credit Agreement expires on June 21, 2010. We are currently evaluating our options on renewing the Credit Agreement or similar arrangements. The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of our personal property assets, the assets of our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the capital stock of certain foreign subsidiaries. It is guaranteed by all of our existing and future material domestic subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement, the 6.125% Notes, the 7.5% Notes and the 8.0% Notes require Bio-Rad to comply with certain financial ratios and covenants, among other things. The covenants include a leverage ratio test, an interest coverage test and a consolidated net worth test. There are also restrictions on our ability to declare or pay dividends, incur debt, guarantee debt, enter into transactions with affiliates, merge or consolidate, sell assets, make investments, create liens and prepay subordinated debt. We were in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2009. Maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 2009 are as follows: 2010 - $4.7 million; 2011 - $7.5 million; 2012 - $0.4 million; 2013 - $225.1 million; 2014 - $200.0 million; thereafter - $304.9 million. 6. INCOME TAXES The U.S. and international components of income before taxes are as follows (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2008 2007 2009 U.S. International Income before taxes $ 87.2 $ 52.7 90.1 $ 185.8 $ 142.8 98.6 $ 75.5 45.3 $ 120.8 The provision for income taxes consists of the following (in millions): Current tax expense: U.S. Federal State International Current tax expense Deferred tax expense (benefit): U.S. and state International Deferred tax benefit Non-current tax expense Provision for income taxes Year Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $ 24.9 4.4 17.3 46.6 (2.8) (8.9) (11.7) 1.8 $ 36.7 $ 28.3 4.0 15.2 47.5 2.6 (5.9) (3.3) 0.4 $ 44.6 $ 13.9 1.1 12.6 27.6 (1.3) (4.6) (5.9) 4.8 $ 26.5 52 The reconciliation between our effective tax rate on income before taxes and the statutory tax rate is as follows: U. S. statutory tax rate Impact of foreign operations Research and development tax credits Increase in tax reserves Change in valuation allowance Examination settlements In-process research and development Goodwill impairment Other Provision for income taxes Year Ended December 31, 2007 2008 2009 35% (9) (7) 1 1 (1) -- -- -- 20% 35% 35% (4) (6) (8) (9) 3 1 (3) 3 (5) 2 2 -- -- 7 (2) 2 22% 31% Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the tax effects of losses, credits, and temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in millions): Deferred tax assets: Bad debt, inventory and warranty accruals Other reserves Tax credit and net operating loss carryforwards Other Valuation allowance Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation Basis of capital assets and investments Net deferred taxes December 31, 2009 2008 $ 28.0 14.2 34.1 15.0 (37.9) 53.4 10.0 35.4 45.4 $ 8.0 $ 23.9 13.3 28.8 18.2 (40.7) 43.5 8.4 32.1 40.5 $ 3.0 At December 31, 2009, Bio-Rad’s international subsidiaries had combined net operating loss carryforwards of $73.6 million. These loss carryforwards have no expiration date. We believe that it is more likely than not that the benefit from certain of these net operating loss carryforwards will not be realized. We have provided a valuation allowance of $21.7 million on the deferred tax assets relating to these net operating loss carryforwards. If or when recognized, the tax benefits relating to any reversal of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets at December 31, 2009 will be recognized as a reduction of income tax expense. 53 At December 31, 2009, Bio-Rad had U.S. Federal net operating loss carryforwards of $7.4 million as a result of an acquisition. The utilization of these net operating loss carryforwards is subject to an annual limitation under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 but are expected to be fully realized. The loss carryforward will expire in the year 2018. At December 31, 2009, Bio-Rad had a deferred tax asset of $9.7 million relating to California research and development tax credit carryforwards, which may be carried forward indefinitely. Based on our judgment and consistent with prior years, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset. During the fourth quarter of 2009, the IRS audit settlement of our years 2001 through 2005 was approved by the Joint Committee on Taxation for which we received cash of $3.4 million. The statute of limitations for the 2003 to 2005 years expires September 30, 2010. The following table summarizes at December 31, 2009 the tax years that are either currently under audit or remain open and subject to examination by tax authorities in the major jurisdictions that Bio-Rad operates: U.S. France Germany Italy Japan Switzerland 2003 - 2009 2007 - 2009 2004 - 2009 2005 - 2009 2005 - 2009 2009 The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the year (in millions): Unrecognized tax benefits – January 1 Additions to tax positions related to prior years Reductions to tax positions related to prior years Additions to tax positions related to the current year Settlements Lapse of statute of limitations Acquisitions Currency translation Unrecognized tax benefits – December 31 2009 2008 2007 $ 18.1 2.1 (4.3) 3.3 -- (1.9) -- 0.2 $ 17.5 $ 22.3 1.9 (0.7) 2.4 (4.3) (2.6) -- (0.9) $ 18.1 $ 13.3 1.1 (2.4) 11.0 (2.5) (1.4) 2.9 0.3 $ 22.3 54 Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2009 and 2008 are $17.5 million and $17.1 million, respectively, of tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. Also included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2008 are $1.1 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily deferred taxes. Bio-Rad recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. Related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above, Bio-Rad has accrued interest of $2.5 million and $2.4 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. At December 31, 2009, we believe that it is reasonably possible that approximately $3.2 million of our unrecognized tax benefits may be recognized by the end of 2010 as a result of statute lapses. These benefits are related to uncertainty regarding sustainability of certain deductions and credits for tax years that remain subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. In general, it is our practice and intention to reinvest the earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries in their operations. As of December 31, 2009, Bio-Rad had not made a provision for U.S. or additional foreign withholding taxes on approximately $351 million of the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries that are essentially permanent in duration. Generally, such amounts become subject to U.S. taxation upon remittance of dividends and under certain other circumstances. If these earnings were repatriated to the U.S., the deferred tax liability associated with these temporary differences would be approximately $77 million. 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Bio-Rad’s issued and outstanding stock consists of Class A Common Stock (Class A) and Class B Common Stock (Class B). Each share of Class A and Class B participates equally in the earnings of Bio-Rad, and is identical in most respects except that Class A has limited voting rights. Each share of Class A is entitled to one- tenth of a vote on most matters, and each share of Class B is entitled to one vote. Additionally, Class A stockholders are entitled to elect 25% of the Board of Directors and Class B stockholders are entitled to elect the balance of the directors. Cash dividends may be paid on Class A shares without paying a cash dividend on Class B shares but no cash dividend may be paid on Class B shares unless at least an equal cash dividend is paid on Class A shares. Class B shares are convertible at any time into Class A shares on a one-for-one basis at the option of the stockholder. The Schwartz family collectively holds a majority of Bio-Rad’s voting stock. As a result, the Schwartz family is able to exercise significant influence over Bio-Rad. 55 8. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION/STOCK OPTION AND PURCHASE PLANS Description of Share-Based Compensation Plans Stock Option and Award Plans We have three stock option plans for officers and certain other employees: the Amended 1994 Stock Option Plan (1994 Plan); the 2003 Stock Option Plan (2003 Plan); and the 2007 Incentive Award Plan (2007 Plan). The 1994 Plan and 2003 Plan authorize the grant of incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to employees. The 2007 Plan authorizes the grant of stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights and other types of equity awards to employees. We no longer make stock option grants under the 1994 Plan or 2003 Plan. A total of 1,650,360 shares have been reserved for issuance of equity awards and may be of either Class A or Class B common stock. At December 31, 2009, there were 1,150,740 shares available to be granted in the future. Under these plans, Class A and Class B options are granted at prices not less than fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. Generally, options granted have a term of 10 years and vest in increments of 20% per year over a five-year period on the yearly anniversary date of the grant. Stock awards issued under the 2007 Plan generally vest in increments of 20% per year over a five-year period on the yearly anniversary date of the grant. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) We have an employee stock purchase plan which provides that eligible employees may contribute up to 10% of their compensation up to $25,000 annually toward the quarterly purchase of our Class A common stock. The employees’ purchase price is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the stock on the first business day or the last business day of each calendar quarter. We have authorized the sale of 2,390,000 shares of common stock under the ESPP. Share-Based Compensation Expense Included in our share-based compensation expense is the cost related to stock option grants, ESPP stock purchases, restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards. Share-based compensation expense is allocated to Cost of goods sold, Product research and development expense, and Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 56 For 2009, 2008 and 2007, we recognized pre-tax share-based compensation expense of $9.1 million, $7.3 million and $5.5 million, respectively. We did not capitalize any share-based compensation expense. For options granted before January 1, 2006, we amortize the fair value on an accelerated basis. For options and awards granted after January 1, 2006, we amortize the fair value on a straight-line basis. All stock compensation awards are amortized over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting periods. Stock Options The following table summarizes stock option activity. Outstanding, January 1, 2007 Granted Exercised Forfeited/Expired Oustanding, December 31, 2007 Granted Exercised Forfeited/Expired Outstanding, December 31, 2008 Granted Exercised Forfeited/Expired Outstanding, December 31, 2009 Vested and expected to vest, December 31, 2009 Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 40.06 75.09 28.16 56.70 43.06 88.35 25.09 53.99 48.84 75.07 38.20 59.15 Shares 1,667,769 59,000 (222,808) (15,686) 1,488,275 59,000 (269,731) (23,417) 1,254,127 58,500 (90,542) (15,711) 1,206,374 $ 50.78 1,188,586 $ 50.41 4.64 4.59 3.85 $ 55.1 $ 54.7 $ 47.2 Exercisable, December 31, 2009 909,613 $ 44.55 The following summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2009: Options Outstanding Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) 1.80 4.14 5.80 8.36 Weighted - Average Exercise Price $ 23.77 $ 50.64 $ 60.91 $ 79.35 Options Exercisable Number Exercisable at 12/31/09 325,569 320,060 229,184 34,800 Weighted - Average Exercise Price $ 23.77 $ 50.39 $ 60.59 $ 79.58 Range of Exercise Prices $ 10.75-$ 35.50 $ 36.00-$ 56.40 $ 57.49-$ 63.00 $ 69.30-$ 88.48 Number Outstanding at 12/31/09 325,569 333,995 367,736 179,074 57 Intrinsic value for stock options is defined as the difference between the current market value and the grant price. The total intrinsic value on the date of exercise of stock options exercised during 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $4 million, $17 million and $13 million, respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised during 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $3.5 million, $6.8 million and $6.3 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from stock options exercised totaled $2.0 million, $6.3 million and $3.6 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $6.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost from stock options. The cost is expected to be recognized in the future over a weighted-average period of approximately 2 years. The weighted-average fair value of stock options granted was estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2008 2007 2009 Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life (in years) Expected dividend Weighted-average fair value of options granted 34% 3.69% 8.4 -- $ 35.56 34% 3.92% 8.5 -- $ 42.21 34% 4.72% 8.5 -- $ 37.05 Volatility is based on the historical volatilities of our common stock for a period equal to the stock option’s expected life. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. In 2009 and 2008, the expected life represents the number of years that we estimate, based primarily on historical experience, that the options will be outstanding prior to exercise. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the future and therefore use an expected dividend yield of zero. Restricted Stock Restricted stock was granted in 2008 and 2007 under the 2007 Plan. The fair value of each share of restricted stock is the market value as determined by the closing price of the stock on the day of grant. The following table summarizes restricted stock activity: 2009 Year Ended December 31, 2008 2007 Restricted Stock Shares Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value Restricted Stock Shares Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value Restricted Weighted- Average Stock Grant-Date Fair Value Shares Nonvested shares, at beginning of year Granted Vested Cancelled/forfeited Nonvested shares, at end of year 135,914 $ -- (29,572) $ (5,095) $ 82.64 -- 81.94 82.45 $ 75,720 78,485 $ (14,625) $ $ (3,666) 75.33 88.09 75.33 77.24 -- 75,970 $ -- (250) $ -- 75.33 -- 75.32 101,247 $ 82.86 135,914 $ 82.64 75,720 $ 75.33 As of December 31, 2009, there was approximately $6.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock granted under the 2007 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3 years. 58 Restricted Stock Units Restricted stock units, which are rights to receive shares of company stock, were granted during 2009, 2008 and 2007 under the 2007 Plan. The fair value of each restricted stock unit is the market value as determined by the closing price of the stock on the day of grant. The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity: Weighted- Restricted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Stock Units Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value as of December 31, 2009 (in millions) Outstanding, January 1, 2007 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding, December 31, 2007 Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding, December 31, 2008 Granted Vested Forfeited -- 28,010 $ -- (1,260) $ 26,750 $ 37,445 $ (2,593) $ (953) $ 60,649 $ 120,685 $ (11,885) $ (6,251) $ -- 75.32 -- 75.32 75.32 88.00 75.32 79.58 83.08 74.40 79.77 80.20 Outstanding, December 31, 2009 163,198 $ 77.01 2.27 $ 15.7 As of December 31, 2009, there was approximately $9.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units granted under the 2007 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted- average period of approximately 4 years. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The fair value of the employees’ purchase rights was estimated using a Black-Scholes model with the following weighted-average assumptions: Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life (in years) Expected dividend Weighted-average fair value of purchase rights Year Ended December 31, 2008 2009 2007 35% .14% .25 -- 37% 1.87% .25 -- 29% 4.79% .25 -- $ 16.71 $ 20.79 $ 17.05 The major assumptions are primarily based on historical data. Volatility is based on the historical volatilities of our common stock for a period equal to the expected life of the purchase rights. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the future and therefore use an expected dividend yield of zero. 59 We sold 109,025 shares for $6.8 million, 88,533 shares for $6.1 million and 81,388 shares for $5.3 million under the ESPP to employees in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. At December 31, 2009, 228,604 shares remain authorized under the ESPP. We currently issue new shares to satisfy stock option exercises, restricted stock issuances and ESPP stock purchases. 9. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE, NET Other (income) expense, net includes the following components (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2008 2009 2007 Interest and investment income Net realized (gains) losses on investments Impairment of investments Foreign non-income tax relief Miscellaneous other items Other (income) expense, net $ (5.7) -- 3.5 (4.6) (0.1) $ (6.9) $ (10.6) $ (21.5) (0.5) 0.7 3.6 10.9 -- -- (0.6) (1.4) 0.4 $ (19.8) $ Included in impairment of investments are other-than-temporary impairments on certain of our available-for-sale investments in light of the continuing declines in their market prices. We did not believe these particular investments will recover in the near future. 10. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION The reconciliation of net income including noncontrolling interests to net cash provided by operating activities is as follows (in millions): Net income including noncontrolling interests Adjustments to reconcile net income including noncontrolling interests to net cash provided by operating activities (net of effects of acquisitions): Depreciation Amortization Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation Share-based compensation Foreign currency economic hedge transactions, net Losses (gains) on dispositions of securities Decrease in accounts receivable, net Decrease (increase) in inventories, net Decrease (increase) in other current assets Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other current liabilities Increase (decrease) in income taxes payable Decrease in deferred income taxes Goodwill and purchased intangible asset impairments Other Net cash provided by operating activities 60 Year Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $ 149.2 $ 98.3 $ 94.3 69.5 32.2 (0.7) 9.1 2.5 3.5 4.3 35.8 11.8 66.3 30.8 (5.1) 7.3 5.4 10.6 11.1 (51.9) (0.6) 53.5 13.8 (3.0) 5.5 4.1 (0.5) 9.0 4.4 (2.8) 6.1 8.7 (11.6) 3.8 0.9 $ 325.1 (3.6) (1.6) (3.2) 28.8 (1.2) $ 191.4 10.6 (10.1) (5.9) -- 18.7 $ 191.6 11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES Rents and Leases Net rental expense under operating leases was $37.0 million in 2009, $38.8 million in 2008 and $32.8 million in 2007. Leases are principally for facilities and automobiles. Annual future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2009 under operating leases are as follows: 2010 - $31.6 million; 2011 - $25.2 million; 2012 - $17.5 million; 2013 - $9.4 million; 2014 - $5.7 million; subsequent to 2014 - $16.8 million. Deferred Profit Sharing Retirement Plan We have a profit sharing plan covering substantially all U.S. employees. Contributions are made at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Bio-Rad has no liability other than for the current year’s contribution. Contributions charged to income were $11.5 million, $10.5 million and $9.4 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Other Post-Employment Benefits In several foreign locations we are statutorily required to provide a lump sum severance or termination indemnity to our employees. Under these plans, the vested benefit obligation at December 31, 2009 and 2008 was $22.4 million and $19.0 million, respectively and has been included in Other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These plans are not required to be funded, and as such, there is no trust or other device used to accumulate assets to settle these obligations. Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts We enter into forward foreign exchange contracts as an economic hedge against foreign currency denominated intercompany receivables and payables. At December 31, 2009, we had contracts maturing in January through March 2010 to sell foreign currency with a nominal value of $266.3 million and an unrealized gain of $0.3 million. Contracts to purchase foreign currency had a nominal value of $108.5 million with an unrealized loss of $0.1 million. The fair value of our forward foreign exchange contracts as of December 31, 2009 was $0.3 million and has been included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recognized a loss of $2.5 million in 2009, which has been included in Other (income) expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Purchase Obligations As of December 31, 2009, we had purchase obligations of $40.7 million, which include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding to Bio-Rad and that specify all significant terms, and exclude agreements that are cancelable without penalty. 61 Letters of Credit In the ordinary course of business, we are at times required to post letters of credit. The letters of credit are issued by our banks to guarantee our obligations to various parties including insurance companies. We were contingently liable for $8.2 million of standby letters of credit with banks as of December 31, 2009. 12. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are party to various claims, legal actions and complaints arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe, at this time, that any ultimate liability resulting from any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or liquidity. However, we cannot give any assurance regarding the ultimate outcome of these lawsuits and their resolution could be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending upon the level of income for the period. 13. SEGMENT INFORMATION Bio-Rad is a multinational manufacturer and worldwide distributor of its own life science research products and clinical diagnostics products. We have two reportable segments: Life Science and Clinical Diagnostics. These reportable segments are strategic business lines that offer different products and services and require different marketing strategies. The Life Science segment develops, manufactures, sells and services reagents, apparatus and instruments used for biological research. These products are sold to university and medical school laboratories, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, food testing laboratories and government and industrial research facilities. The Clinical Diagnostics segment develops, manufactures, sells and services automated test systems, informatics systems, test kits and specialized quality controls for the healthcare market. These products are sold to reference laboratories, hospital laboratories, state newborn screening facilities, physicians’ office laboratories, transfusion laboratories and insurance and forensic testing laboratories. Other Operations include the remainder of our former Analytical Instruments segment. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Significant Accounting Policies (see Note 1). Segment profit or loss used for corporate management purposes includes an allocation of corporate expense based upon sales and an allocation of interest expense based upon accounts receivable and inventories. Segments are expected to manage only assets completely under their control. Accordingly, segment assets include primarily accounts receivable, inventories and gross machinery and equipment. Goodwill balances have been included in corporate for segment reporting purposes. 62 Information regarding industry segments at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and for the years then ended is as follows (in millions): Segment net sales Allocated interest expense Depreciation and amortization Segment profit Segment assets Capital expenditures Life Science Clinical Diagnostics Other Operations 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2009 2008 $ 631.5 643.5 615.1 $ 1,139.9 1,106.4 832.2 $ 12.8 14.5 13.8 $ $ $ 13.9 10.5 12.2 16.5 17.5 19.1 38.6 13.3 24.7 $ 311.1 343.1 $ 10.4 10.6 $ $ (1) $ (2) $ $ $ $ $ (3) $ $ 32.8 21.4 19.2 78.2 74.9 44.8 145.7 139.8 80.7 711.4 675.2 49.8 56.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 5.8 6.9 -- 0.1 (1) The Life Science segment profit for 2009 included $3.8 million of intangibles impairment expense (see Note 4). (2) The Life Science segment profit for 2008 included $28.8 million of goodwill and intangibles impairment expense (see Note 4). (3) The Clinical Diagnostics segment profit for 2007 included $7.7 million of in-process research and development expense recorded in connection with the DiaMed acquisition (see Note 2). 63 The difference between total segment allocated interest expense, depreciation and amortization, and capital expenditures and the corresponding consolidated amounts is attributable to our corporate headquarters. The following reconciles total segment profit to consolidated income before taxes (in millions): Total segment profit Other income (expense), net Foreign exchange losses Net corporate operating, interest and other income (expense), net not allocated to segments Consolidated income before taxes Year Ended December 31, 2008 2007 2009 $ 185.2 6.9 (5.0) $ 153.7 (0.4) (7.6) $ 106.0 19.8 (2.6) (1.3) $ 185.8 (2.9) $ 142.8 (2.4) $ 120.8 The following reconciles total segment assets to consolidated total assets (in millions): Total segment assets Cash and other current assets Property, plant and equipment, net, excluding segment specific gross machinery and equipment Goodwill, net Other long-term assets Total assets December 31, 2009 2008 $ 1,028.3 873.9 $ 1,025.1 388.5 (23.9) 327.6 330.0 $ 2,535.9 (6.6) 321.8 308.5 $ 2,037.3 The following presents sales to external customers by geographic area based primarily on the location of the use of the product or service (in millions): Year Ended December 31, 2008 2009 2007 Europe Pacific Rim United States Other (primarily Canada and Latin America) Total sales $ 814.4 291.5 565.8 112.5 $ 1,784.2 $ 872.1 253.3 525.3 113.7 $ 1,764.4 $ 671.2 209.9 498.1 81.9 $ 1,461.1 64 The following presents Other assets and Property, plant and equipment, net by geographic area based upon the location of the asset (in millions). In prior periods the table presented total long-lived assets including intangible assets. It has been updated to conform to the current year presentation of tangible assets, property and equipment. December 31, 2009 2008 Europe Pacific Rim United States Other (primarily Canada and Latin America) Total Other assets and Property, plant and equipment, net $ $ 163.9 17.2 233.7 12.7 427.5 $ 162.7 14.9 193.6 9.4 $ 380.6 14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) Summarized quarterly financial data for 2009 and 2008 are as follows (in millions, except per share data): 2009 Net sales Gross profit Net income attributable to Bio-Rad Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter $ $ 400.9 228.9 427.2 242.0 $ 461.1 260.5 $ 495.1 268.5 $ $ 30.3 1.11 1.10 $ $ 38.0 1.39 1.37 2008 Net sales Gross profit Net income (loss) attributable to Bio-Rad Basic earnings (loss) per share Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ $ 422.2 226.9 452.4 248.4 $ $ 26.5 0.98 0.96 $ $ 43.4 1.61 1.57 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENT 38.5 1.40 1.38 $ $ 37.9 1.38 1.35 441.8 240.5 $ 448.0 246.7 27.8 1.02 1.00 $ $ (8.2) (0.30) (0.30) $ $ $ $ $ On January 6, 2010, we acquired certain diagnostic businesses of Biotest AG for 45 million Euros (approximately $65.4 million) in cash that will be included in our Clinical Diagnostics segment. The acquired assets will be measured at their fair values at the acquisition date based upon management’s best estimates. Goodwill will be measured as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired. We do not expect the goodwill that will be recorded with this acquisition to be deductible for tax purposes. Integrating the acquired portion of Biotest's diagnostic businesses into Bio-Rad's product portfolio is expected to broaden our offering in the area of immunohematology and provide Bio-Rad access to the U.S. markets with a range of products. 65 ITEM 9. CHANGES AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES (a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures As of the end of the period covered by this report, Bio-Rad carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to Bio-Rad is made known to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The management of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act). Our internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation and fair presentation of our financial statements presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. An internal control system over financial reporting has inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Management has used the framework set forth in the report entitled “Internal Control – Integrated Framework” published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of Bio-Rad’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2009 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We reviewed the results of management’s assessment with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2009 and has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of Bio-Rad’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, as stated in their report. 66 (b) Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. We have audited Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“the COSO criteria”). Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Palo Alto, California February 26, 2010 67 ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. PART III. ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Part of the information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from portions of Bio-Rad’s definitive proxy statement to be mailed to stockholders in connection with our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders (the “2010 Proxy Statement”) under “Election of Directors,” “Committees of the Board of Directors” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.” Bio-Rad’s Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Louis Drapeau is the “audit committee financial expert,” as defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K. Mr. Drapeau is also an “independent” director, as determined in accordance with the independence standards set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 303A.02 of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Listed Company Manual. The resignation of Mr. Ruediger Naumann-Etienne on December 4, 2009 left us with only two independent directors serving on our Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, rather than the three independent directors required for compliance with Section 303A.07(a) of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. We are currently seeking a replacement for Mr. Naumann-Etienne to serve on our Board of Directors and our Audit Committee, and we intend to regain compliance with the requirements of Section 303A.07(a) of the NYSE Listed Company Manual as soon as practicable. We have adopted a code of business ethics and conduct that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, controller and all other employees and is available through our Corporate/Investor Relations website (www.bio-rad.com). We will also provide a copy of the code of ethics to any person, without charge, upon request, by writing to us at “Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Investor Relations, 1000 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, CA 94547.” ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from portions of the 2010 Proxy Statement under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Summary Compensation Table,” “Grants of Plan-Based Awards,” “Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End,” “Option Exercises and Stock Vested Table,” “Pension Benefits,” “Nonqualified Defined Contribution and Other Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plans,” “Potential Payments on Termination or Change in Control,” “Director Compensation” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation.” In addition, the information from a portion of the 2010 Proxy Statement under “Compensation Committee Report” is incorporated herein by reference and furnished on this Form 10-K and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933. 68 ITEM 12. SECURITY OW NERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OW NERS AND M ANAGEM ENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER M ATTERS Part of the information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from a portion of the 2010 Proxy Statement under “Principal and Management Stockholders.” Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2009 Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a) Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (b) (c) 1,369,572 $ 44.72 1,379,344 (2) -- -- -- 1,369,572 $ 44.72 1,379,344 Plan category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1) Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders Total (1) (2) Consists of the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan, the 2003 Stock Option Plan of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 2007 Incentive Award Plan and the Bio- Rad Laboratories, Inc. Amended and Restated 1988 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Consists of 1,150,740 shares available under the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 2007 Incentive Award Plan and 228,604 shares available for issuance under the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Amended and Restated 1988 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from portions of the 2010 Proxy Statement under “Transactions with Related Persons” and “Committees of the Board of Directors.” ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The information required to be furnished by this item is incorporated by reference from a portion of the 2010 Proxy Statement under “Report of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.” 69 PART IV . ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) 1. Index to Financial Statements – See Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”on page 29 for a list of financial statements. 2. Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not required or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto. 3. Index to Exhibits The exhibits listed in the accompanying Index to Exhibits on pages 72 through 76 of this report are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report. BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC. SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS Years Ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands) Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable Balance at Beginning of Year $ $ $ 19,567 21,410 15,265 Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses 7,783 7,602 3,925 $ $ $ 2009 2008 2007 Deductions $ (4,250) $ (9,472) $ (3,227) Other (A) -- $ $ 27 $ 5,447 Balance at End of Year $ 23,100 $ 19,567 $ 21,410 (A) Due to acquisitions. Valuation allowance for current and long-term deferred tax assets Balance at Beginning of Year $ $ $ 40,663 31,119 26,494 Additions Charged to Income Tax Expense 6,602 10,570 9,079 $ $ $ 2009 2008 2007 Deductions $ (9,339) $ (1,026) $ (5,551) Other (B) -- $ $ -- $ 1,097 Balance at End of Year $ 37,926 $ 40,663 $ 31,119 (B) Due to acquisitions. 70 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC. By: /s/ Sanford S. Wadler Sanford S. Wadler Secretary Date: February 26, 2010 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Principal Executive Officer: /s/ Norman Schwartz (Norman Schwartz) Principal Financial Officer /s/ Christine A. Tsingos (Christine A. Tsingos) Principal Accounting Officer /s/ James R. Stark (James R. Stark) Other Directors: /s/ James J. Bennett (James J. Bennett) /s/ Louis Drapeau (Louis Drapeau) /s/ Albert J. Hillman (Albert J. Hillman) /s/ Alice N. Schwartz (Alice N. Schwartz) /s/ David Schwartz (David Schwartz) President and Director February 26, 2010 Vice President, Chief Financial Officer February 26, 2010 Corporate Controller February 26, 2010 Director February 26, 2010 Director February 26, 2010 Director February 26, 2010 Director February 26, 2010 Director February 26, 2010 71 BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC. INDEX TO EXHIBITS ITEM 15(a)3 Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 are furnished herewith and should not be deemed to be “filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.” Exhibit No. 2.1 Share Purchase Agreement as of May 14, 2007 by and among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and certain selling shareholders regarding the purchase of 77.6765% of the equity of DiaMed Holding AG. (17) 3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as of February 8, 2002. (1) 3.1.1 Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., as of May 6, 2004. (2) 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 10.1 Bylaws of the Registrant, as amended February 19,1980. (3) Indenture dated as of August 11, 2003 for 7.50% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., as Issuer, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Trustee. (4) The Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement dated as of August 11, 2003 for 7.50% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013. (4) Indenture dated as of December 21, 2004, between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and Wells Fargo National Bank, as trustee. (6) Indenture dated as of May 26, 2009 for 8.00% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 Among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., as Issuer, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Trustee. (24) The Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement dated as of May 26, 2009 for 8.00% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016. (24) The Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2004, by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and Credit Suisse First Boston LLC. (26) Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 21, 2005, by and among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the lenders referred to therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Main Office Chicago)), as a lender and administrative agent,Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Union Bank of California N.A., as syndication agents and ABN AMRO Bank N.V. and BNP Paribas, as documentation agents. (7) 10.1.1 Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. (8) 10.2 Amended and Restated Security Agreement, dated as of June 21, 2005, between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Main Office Chicago)), as administrative agent. (7) 72 10.3 Amended and Restated Pledge Agreement, dated as of June 21, 2005, between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Main Office Chicago)), as administrative agent. (7) 10.4 1994 Stock Option Plan. (9) 10.4.1 10.4.2 10.4.3 10.4.4 10.4.5 Amendment to the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan dated April 28, 1998. (10) Second Amendment to the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan dated December 6, 1999. (10) Third Amendment to the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan dated September 19, 2000. (10) Fourth Amendment to the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan dated April 25, 2001. (11) Amendment to the 1994 Stock Option Plan of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., dated February 18, 2009. (22) 10.5 Amended and Restated 1988 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (12) 10.5.1 Amendment to the Amended 1988 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (11) 10.5.2 Amendment to the Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Amended and Restated 1988 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 10.6 Employees’ Deferred Profit Sharing Retirement Plan (Amended and Restated effective January 1, 1997). (13) 10.7 2003 Stock Option Plan. (14) 10.7.1 Amendment to the 2003 Stock Option Plan of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. (19) 10.8 2007 Incentive Award Plan. (21) 10.8.1 Restricted Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2007 Incentive Award Plan. (23) 10.10 10.13 Non-competition and employment continuation agreement with James J. Bennett. (15) Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of August 16, 2004 by and between Bio-Rad, MJ GeneWorks, Incorporated, Michael J. Finney and John D. Finney, excluding exhibits and schedules. Pursuant to Regulation S-K Item 601(b)(2), the exhibits and schedules to this agreement have not been filed. We agree to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedules to the SEC upon request. We have requested confidential treatment of certain portions of this agreement. (16) 10.14 Connecticut Settlement Agreement dated as of February 9, 2006 by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research, Inc., and Applera Corporation, through its Applied Biosystems Group. (16) 73 10.15 Real-Time Settlement Agreement dated as of February 9, 2006 by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research Inc., and Applera Corporation, through its Applied Biosystems Group. (16) 10.15.1 Amendment No. 1 to Real-Time Settlement Agreement dated as of May 4, 2007 by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research, Inc. and Applera Corporation, through its Applied Biosystems Group. (20) 10.16 10.17 Amended and Restated Thermal Cycler Supplier Agreement dated as of February 9, 2006 by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research, Inc. and Applera Corporation, through its Applied Biosystems Group. (16) Real-Time Instrument Patent License Agreement dated as of February 9, 2006, by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research, Inc., and Applera Corporation through its Applied Biosystems Group. (16) 10.17.1 Amendment No. 1 to Real-Time Patent License Agreement dated as of May 4, 2007 by and between Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., MJ Research, Inc. and Applera Corporation through its Applied Biosystems Group. (20) 10.18 Credit Agreement dated as of September 9, 2003 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the lenders, Bank One, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Union Bank of California, N.A., as Syndication Agents and ABN AMRO Bank N.V. and BNP Paribas, as Documentation Agents. (4) 10.18.1 Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement dated as of December 8, 2004 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the lenders referred to herein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Illinois)), as lender and Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Union Bank of California, N.A., as Syndication Agents and ABN AMRO Bank N.V. and BNP Paribas, as Documentation agents. (5) 10.18.2 Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of September 27, 2007 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the lenders referred to herein, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Main Office Chicago)), as lender and contractual representative. (18) 10.18.3 Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2009 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., the lenders referred to herein, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (successor by merger to Bank One, NA (Main Office Chicago)), as lender and contractual representative. (25) 10.19 10.20 Pledge Amendment dated as of September 9, 2003 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., and Bank One, N.A., as contractual representative. (4) Security Agreement dated as of September 9, 2003 among Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., as Grantor and Bank One N.A., as Administrative Agent. (4) 21.1 Listing of Subsidiaries. 74 23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 23.2 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17CFR 240.13a-14(a)). Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17CFR 240.13a-14(a)). Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, dated March 28, 2002. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, dated March 3, 2005. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Registration Statement on Form S-7 Registration No. 2-66797, which became effective April 22, 1980. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form S-4 filing, dated September 19, 2003. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated December 14, 2004. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated December 22, 2004. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated June 24, 2005. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s September 30, 2005 10-Q filing, dated November 8, 2005. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form S-8 filing, dated April 29, 1994. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000, dated March 28, 2001. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, dated March 15, 2004. 75 (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s September 30, 1998 Form 10-Q filing, dated November 12, 1998. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s September 30, 1997 Form 10-Q filing, dated November 13, 1997. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s March 31, 2003 Form 10-Q filing, dated May 13, 2003. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s December 31, 1996 Form 10-K filing, dated March 27, 1997. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s March 31, 2006 Form 10-Q filing, dated May 9, 2006. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s June 30, 2007 Form 10-Q filing, dated August 8, 2007. (18) Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated October 3, 2007. (19) Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s March 31, 2007 Form 10-Q filing, dated May 4, 2007. (20) Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s June 30, 2007 Form 10-Q filing, dated August 8, 2007. (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s S-8 filing, dated July 30, 2007. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s June 30, 2009 Form 10-Q filing, dated August 5, 2009. Incorporated by reference from the Exhibits to Bio-Rad’s September 30, 2009 Form 10-Q filing, dated November 4, 2009. Incorporated by reference from the exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated May 26, 2009. Incorporated by reference from the exhibits to Bio-Rad’s Form 8-K filing, dated May 18, 2009. (26) Incorporated by reference from Bio-Rad’s Form S-4 dated April 20, 2005. 76 CORPORATE INFORMATION D IR ECTO RS David Schwartz Chairman of the Board James J. Bennett Director Louis Drapeau Director Albert J. Hillman Director Ted W. Love, M.D. Director Alice N. Schwartz Director Norman Schwartz Director OFF IC ER S David Schwartz Chairman of the Board Norman Schwartz President and Chief Executive Officer Brad Crutchfield Vice President and Group Manager, Life Science John Goetz Vice President and Group Manager, Clinical Diagnostics Giovanni Magni Vice President and International Sales Manager Christine A. Tsingos Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Sanford S. Wadler Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary Ronald W. Hutton Treasurer Shannon Hall Manager, Laboratory Separations Chang Hong Regional Manager, Asia Pacific James R. Stark Corporate Controller Michael Jackson Manager, BioPlex 2200 Scott Jenest Group Operations Manager, Life Sciences Leo Kaabi Manager, Quality Systems Bill Kuhlman Manager, Process Chromatography Ann Madden Manager, Clinical Microbiology Daniel Merle Manager, Business Development, Clinical Diagnostics Todd Morrill Manager, Business Development, Life Science Sanjiv Suri Regional Manager, Emerging Markets Sadashi Suzuki Regional Manager, Japan Ted Tisch Manager, Protein Function Annette Tumolo Manager, Gene Expression OT HE R EXECUTIVES Steve Binder Director, Technology Development, Clinical Diagnostics Patrick Bugeon Group Operations Manager, France Clinical Diagnostics John Bussell Manager, Immunohematology Patrick Carroll Manager, North America Sales, Life Science Jean-Marc Chermette Manager, Food Science Colleen Corey Director, Corporate Human Resources Michael Crowley Manager, North America Sales, Clinical Diagnostics Diane Dahowski Group Operations Manager, U.S. Clinical Diagnostics Patrice Deletoille Manager, Blood Virus David Dutton Manager, Clinical Systems ANNUAL MEETING The Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held on Tuesday, April 27, 2010 at 4 PM, Pacific Time, at the Corporate Offices of the Company in Hercules, California. Bio-Rad will provide without charge to each stockholder, upon written request to the Secretary, a copy of its 2009 Annual Report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-K. TRANSFER AGENT Computershare Investor Services LLC 250 Royall Street Canton, MA 02021 Tel: 800-962-4284 Fax: 312-601-2312 www.computershare.com AUDITORS Ernst & Young LLP Palo Alto, California COMMON STOCK Traded on the New York Stock Exchange Class A Common Stock Symbol BIO Class B Common Stock Symbol BIOb Bio-Rad Laboratories 1000 Alfred Nobel Drive Hercules, CA 94547 510-724-7000 www.bio-rad.com

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