BOK Financial
Annual Report 2014

Plain-text annual report

2014 ANNUAL REPORT 2014 | Annual Report 2014 KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS COMMERCIAL • Increased loan growth to 11 percent, more than double the pace of a year ago. • Successfully expanded the Healthcare banking business across the footprint, delivering 14 percent loan growth in its first year. • Doubled syndication fees compared to the previous best year for the bank and closed new syndicated transactions with all commercial business lines. • Launched Treasury Source, an upgraded treasury management platform for commercial clients. • Recorded net recoveries in the loan portfolio, reflecting continued excellent underlying credit quality. FEE GENERATING BUSINESSES • Delivered 19 percent growth in assets under management, far exceeding overall market growth. • Launched HomeDirect Mortgage, a new sales channel to serve the online mortgage shopper, which drove $428 million of volume in its first full year of operation. • Completed two successful acquisitions that increased corporate capabilities in wealth and enhanced our presence in Kansas City and Houston, two important growth markets. • Delivered 9 percent growth in EFT transactions and 11 percent growth in merchant processing volume in our TransFund transaction processing business. RISK MANAGEMENT • Repositioned the balance sheet in preparation for an expected rising rate environment, reducing liability sensitivity by 50 percent during the year. • Completed upgrade of Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering infrastructure on time and on budget. • Created centralized compliance and audit teams, filling most open positions from within the organization. • Successfully completed two disaster recovery tests. OTHER • Enhanced Texas leadership team to continue to capitalize on growth opportunities. • Re-energized mergers and acquisitions efforts to identify additional acquisition targets and build a winning bid and integration strategy. • Expanded internal training and development curriculum to continue to enhance the employee experience. • Upgraded investor relations program to expand financial disclosure and investor access to senior leadership. To Our Fellow Shareholders: I’d like to take this time to share our accomplishments from 2014, as well as provide a preview of our growth strategies for 2015 and beyond. Net income for the year was $292 million, or $4.22 per diluted share, compared to $316.6 million or $4.59 per share in 2013. I can assure you that no one at BOK Financial is happy about a decrease in earnings, but we do believe we took the right actions throughout the year to position the bank for earnings growth in 2015 and beyond. We knew 2014 would be a challenging year as we faced a number of headwinds entering the year including a significant investment in risk and compliance infrastructure, a planned reduction in the size of our bond portfolio to position the balance sheet for a rising rate environment, and a tough competitive market. In addition, we realized $28 million of benefit from reversal of loan loss reserves in 2013, something that was not likely to reoccur in 2014. In the face of these challenges, I’m extremely proud of how our team executed in 2014. We accomplished all of the strategic objectives outlined at the start of the year. Loan growth accelerated to the low double digits, and we believe we gained market share with commercial borrowers. We completed two small but important acquisitions in the wealth management business. We completed the build-out of our compliance infrastructure on time and on budget. We delivered strong revenue growth in key fee-generating businesses and regained revenue momentum in our mortgage business. We reduced the size of our bond portfolio by $1.3 billion and reduced liability sensitivity to less than one percent at year end. And we made additional investments in our people, strengthening our team across the company. We also returned capital to shareholders. In 2014 we paid $112.1 million of dividends to shareholders, or 38.3 percent of earnings, and resumed our stock buyback program, purchasing 200,000 shares in the open market. In November we continued our 10-year track record of dividend increases when we declared a quarterly cash dividend of 42 cents per share, a five percent increase. Steven G. Bradshaw President and CEO, BOK Financial ENERGIZING REVENUE GROWTH In 2014 we saw significant positive movement in total loans and assets under management, two important precursors to revenue growth. Loans were up 11.1 percent and assets under management were up 19.4 percent. Several fee-gen- erating lines of business turned in strong year-over-year growth, including brokerage and trading, transaction card, and fiduciary and asset management. Mortgage banking rev- enues were down due to tough year-over-year comparisons, as were deposit service charges and fees, a line item that has been under pressure industry-wide for several years now. But all told, we are pleased with the progress we made in 2014 to grow the business. Another key initiative in 2014 was the introduction of our Healthcare banking business as a stand-alone specialty lending area. By pooling all of the bank’s healthcare expertise into one unified team, we were able to accelerate the growth of this business. As a result, healthcare banking was one of our fastest growing businesses, and its loan portfolio was up 14.2 percent year-over-year. In the trust business, we completed two acquisitions in 2014: GTRUST, a specialty trust company based in Kansas, and MBM Advisors, a 401(k) administrator based in Houston, Texas. GTRUST brought with it a differentiated model for fee- only financial planning for the mass-affluent market, while MBM Advisors brought ERISA 3(38) Fiduciary capabilities enabling it to serve as a turnkey 401(k) provider for small and mid-sized businesses. In each case, the firms’ areas of ex- pertise can be introduced across our footprint. This acquisi- tion model replicates the success we have had with our acquisition of Denver-based The Milestone Group in 2012, which has doubled assets under management since joining the BOK Financial family. BUILDING LEADING RISK AND COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT CAPABILITIES Equally important, in 2014 we invested in people, techno- logical infrastructure, and processes to enhance our risk and compliance operations and ensure that our business platform is secure, resilient, and scalable. It is essential for banks today to have fortress-like infrastruc- ture to protect data and systems from external threats. Accordingly, during the year we upgraded our Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering (BSA/AML) infrastructure. This was a significant investment, which we believe added $10-15 million to our annual expense base and another $5 million of one-time expenses during 2014. As we exit the year, our new systems are up and running and this invest- ment is largely complete. We also conducted multiple business resiliency tests during the year, simulating a natural disaster that disabled our primary operations facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our employ- ees conducted these tests over bank holiday weekends with positive results, giving us even greater confidence that we would be able to respond quickly and meet our clients’ needs in such an event. CONTROLLING INTERNAL EXPENSE GROWTH During the year, total expenses grew less than one percent while we absorbed the aforementioned investments. We were able to accomplish this by controlling expense growth in other areas of our operations. For example, more than 60 percent of the new hires in risk and compliance were filled from within the company. This provided an exciting new career path for many of our talented employees while enabling the company to carefully manage expenses and preserve shareholder value. In addition, with the conclusion of the multi-year 2011 True- Up Plan at the end of 2013, we introduced a new executive incentive plan focused on driving long-term EPS growth in the top 20 percent of our peer group. The lower level of ongoing executive compensation, along with a $17.2 million reversal of previously-accrued compensation related to the True-Up Plan in early 2014, represented a significant cost savings to the company this year. EXCEEDING CUSTOMER EXPECTATIONS Our regional business model demands and rewards busi- ness line collaboration to provide advice and solutions that are specifically tailored for each client. This approach is unique for most banks and was the foundation for consistent revenue and customer growth across each of our regional markets. We also introduced new technology in our treasury services and 401(k) customer platforms, improving ease of use and customer functionality. We added a new channel of mortgage origination, Home Direct, that allows customers to utilize our mortgage products and services with online convenience. CONTINUING TO ENHANCE THE EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE It may sound cliché, but I truly believe we have the best employees at BOK Financial. Our people are hard-working, ambitious, accomplished, and committed to our mission. As such, it is critical that we keep them challenged, growing, and evolving in their careers, that we compensate them appropriately, and that we give them exciting career paths and opportunities to broaden their horizons. To meet this need, in 2014 we invested heavily in further enhancing our talent development programs by adding more opportunities for leaders and employees at all levels to grow in their careers. A full curriculum of internally-developed we- binars and on-site training and leadership programs provide employees the tools and opportunities they need to build their skills so they can move up and around the company. REPOSITIONING THE BALANCE SHEET Economic experts have long called for rising interest rates, and many of our peers went asset sensitive years ago so they could capitalize as rates rose. However, we did not see any catalysts on the near-term horizon that would cause interest rates to rise, so we chose to stay fully invested and remain relatively interest-rate-neutral. We believe we earned approximately $200 million of additional after tax income over the past six years as a result of this decision. As we entered 2014, the economic picture became clearer, and we made the decision to begin preparing for a rising rate environment. At year end, our securities portfolio was down $1.2 billion from the end of 2013. Our timing was good, as loan growth accelerated in 2014 and we were able to replace these securities with loans to high-quality borrowers, thus enhancing net interest income and net interest margin. LOOKING FORWARD In 2014, we took the action needed to re-energize revenue growth. Now in 2015, the focus shifts to translating that revenue growth into earnings growth. From a financial standpoint, we continue to forecast double- digit loan growth in 2015. We believe the economic environ- ment in our footprint, as well as the strong presence we have with customers and prospects, will support this objec- tive. At the same time, I’ve challenged our Commercial Banking group to fight to hold loan spreads steady in 2015. With the reduction in energy prices, a more rational competi- tive environment in our energy lending business should contribute to making this goal achievable. the grocery store During the fourth quarter of 2014 we announced we were (Instore) banking channel. exiting We launched the Instore grocery branch model in the mid- 1990s as a way to add another convenience option for clients who were visiting the grocery store and the bank weekly, or even daily. But today, the majority of our clients are using mobile and online banking, as well as deposit-friendly ATMs, for the routine transactions they used to do in Instore branch visits. As a result, consumer foot traffic in our Instore branch- es slowed considerably and it became apparent to me and my team that it was time to make a change. When fully implemented in second quarter of 2015, annual cost savings of closing this banking channel are estimated to be approxi- mately $7 to $8 million. There are a number of other like initiatives being evaluated throughout the business, with the goal of bringing expense growth back in line with revenue growth, reducing operating expenses, and achieving steady staffing levels in functions such as risk management. We will continue to carefully manage risk across the organi- zation. With our BSA/AML project complete, in 2015 we will continue to strengthen our technology infrastructure and ensure that it is current, resilient, and secure, while not losing sight of important business projects that drive better customer delivery and increased efficiency. And we are enhancing our Enterprise Risk Management infrastructure to continue to stay ahead of any potential financial, operational, or structural risks to the company. We are also focused on growing the organization. At our biennial investor day in October, we outlined a key objective to announce a whole-bank acquisition in 2015. As we sit to- day, we have an estimated $500 million of excess capital and holding company liquidity that can be deployed for acquisi- tions. Our primary targets are banks in the $500 million to $2.5 billion asset range, in existing markets such as Houston, Dallas, Kansas City, and Denver. We believe that the land- scape for acquisitions has changed considerably over the past year, as smaller banks are now beginning to get a full sense of the risk and compliance investment that will be re- quired to compete in this industry for years to come. My entire team is energized to find the right fit for us from a business and cultural standpoint so we can execute on this strategic objective. 20 years is six basis points of net charge offs, despite oil ranging from $11 per barrel to more than $140 per barrel during this time. However, we still have room to grow organically. We can leverage our business channels, our talent, and our brand strength to grow market share faster than our primary com- petitors. In particular, we plan to accelerate our growth in Houston and central Texas by making stronger investments in talent and capabilities in order to enhance revenue and profitability. We already have the foundation in place to accomplish this objective. In 2014, we recruited new leader- ship for the Houston market and promoted a new leader for the Dallas market to oversee what I believe are two of the biggest growth opportunities for our company. IN CLOSING, THANK YOU As always, I thank you, our shareholders, for your longstand- ing support of our company. BOK Financial is unique in that we attract shareholders who understand our long-term value proposition and do not get swayed by trendy investment fads. We appreciate that our shareholder base enables us to execute disciplined strategies and make patient investments in the future. By executing on the initiatives described in this letter, we believe we can drive above-market earnings growth and continue to reward you with increased share- holder value over the long haul. Sincerely, Steven G. Bradshaw President and Chief Executive Officer On the employee front, we continue to seek to be an em- ployer of choice for talented professionals by providing training and development opportunities, upward mobility, and a competitive compensation structure. I’ve had the opportunity the past year to meet face to face with a number of employees at all levels of the company in all our markets for small group discussions. Through these and other employee interactions, I’ve learned a tremendous amount about our company. But what struck me most is the passion of our employees to serve clients with the highest level of quality, the camaraderie they have with their co-workers, and their appreciation of our culture of integrity, community service and teamwork. A WORD ON ENERGY I’d be remiss if I didn’t include our perspective on recent changes in the energy market. As you know, we have been one of the nation’s foremost energy lenders for more than 100 years. We know energy and it’s times like this when we truly separate ourselves from the pack. And while low ener- gy prices may reduce the amount of new drilling activity that occurs in our footprint, it should have a positive impact on the rest of our business. Low energy prices have long been one of the primary drivers of economic activity across the country, so we expect to see additional momentum in tradi- tional commercial and consumer businesses as a result. From a credit perspective, we are very comfortable with our energy business. We know how to structure energy transac- tions to protect credit in a downturn. This is reflected in the fact that our average loss rate in the portfolio over the past UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 (Mark One) FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2014 OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _____________ to ______________ Commission File No. 0-19341 BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Oklahoma (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) Bank of Oklahoma Tower Boston Avenue at Second Street Tulsa, Oklahoma (Address of Principal Executive Offices) 73-1373454 (IRS Employer Identification No.) 74172 (Zip Code) (918) 588-6000 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: Common stock, $0.00006 par value Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been No subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter)during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)Yes No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “larger accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Non-accelerated filer Accelerated filer Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock ("Common Stock") held by non-affiliates is approximately $1.7 billion (based on the June 30, 2014 closing price of Common Stock of $64.05 per share). As of January 31, 2015, there were 69,113,013 shares of Common Stock outstanding. Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE BOK Financial Corporation Form 10-K Year Ended December 31, 2014 Index Part I Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures Part II Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Part III Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Item 1 Item 1A Item 1B Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6 Item 7 Item 7A Item 8 Item 9 Item 9A Item 9B Item 10 Item 11 Item 12 Item 13 Item 14 Part IV Item 15 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Signatures Exhibit 31.1 Chief Executive Officer Section 302 Certification Exhibit 31.2 Chief Financial Officer Section 302 Certification Exhibit 32 Section 906 Certifications 1 9 13 13 13 13 14 17 17 76 80 174 174 174 174 174 175 175 175 175 179 ITEM 1. BUSINESS PART I General Developments relating to individual aspects of the business of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial” or “the Company”) are described below. Additional discussion of the Company’s activities during the current year appears within Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Description of Business BOK Financial is a financial holding company incorporated in the state of Oklahoma in 1990 whose activities are governed by the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (“BHCA”), as amended by the Financial Services Modernization Act or Gramm- Leach-Bliley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"). BOK Financial offers full service banking in Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Northwest Arkansas, Colorado, Arizona, and Kansas/ Missouri. At December 31, 2014, the Company reported total consolidated assets of $29 billion and ranked as the 38th largest bank holding company based on asset size. BOKF, NA (“the Bank”) is a wholly owned subsidiary bank of BOK Financial. BOKF, NA operates TransFund, Cavanal Hill Investment Management, MBM Advisors and seven banking divisions: Bank of Albuquerque, Bank of Arizona, Bank of Arkansas, Bank of Kansas City, Bank of Oklahoma, Bank of Texas and Colorado State Bank and Trust. Other wholly owned subsidiaries of BOK Financial include BOSC, Inc., a broker/dealer that engages in retail and institutional securities sales and municipal bond underwriting and The Milestone Group, Inc., an investment adviser to high net worth clients. Other non-bank subsidiary operations do not have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements. Our overall strategic objective is to emphasize growth in long-term value by building on our leadership position in Oklahoma through expansion into other high-growth markets in contiguous states. We operate primarily in the metropolitan areas of Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston, Texas; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Denver, Colorado; Phoenix, Arizona, and Kansas City, Kansas/Missouri. Our acquisition strategy targets fairly priced quality organizations with demonstrated solid growth that would supplement our principal lines of business. We provide additional growth opportunities by hiring talent to enhance competitiveness, adding locations and broadening product offerings. Our operating philosophy embraces local decision-making in each of our geographic markets while adhering to common Company standards. Our primary focus is to provide a comprehensive range of nationally competitive financial products and services in a personalized and responsive manner. Products and services include loans and deposits, cash management services, fiduciary services, mortgage banking and brokerage and trading services to middle-market businesses, financial institutions and consumers. Commercial banking represents a significant part of our business. Our credit culture emphasizes building relationships by making high quality loans and providing a full range of financial products and services to our customers. Our energy financing expertise enables us to offer commodity derivatives for customers to use in their risk management. We also offer derivative products for customers to use in managing their interest rate and foreign exchange risk. Our diversified base of revenue sources is designed to generate returns in a range of economic situations. Historically, fees and commissions provide 40 to 45% of our total revenue. Approximately 48% of our revenue came from fees and commissions in 2014. BOK Financial’s corporate headquarters is located at Bank of Oklahoma Tower, Boston Avenue at Second Street, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74172. The Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports are available on the Company’s website at www.bokf.com as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such material with or furnishes it to the Securities and Exchange Commission. 1 Operating Segments BOK Financial operates three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products for small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial Banking also includes the TransFund electronic funds network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit services to small business customers served through the retail branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides fiduciary services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities. Discussion of these principal lines of business appears within the Lines of Business section of “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and within Note 17 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, both of which appear elsewhere herein. Competition BOK Financial and its operating segments face competition from other banks, thrifts, credit unions and other non-bank financial institutions, such as investment banking firms, investment advisory firms, brokerage firms, investment companies, government agencies, mortgage brokers and insurance companies. The Company competes largely on the basis of customer services, interest rates on loans and deposits, lending limits and customer convenience. Some operating segments face competition from institutions that are not as closely regulated as banks, and therefore are not limited by the same capital requirements and other restrictions. All market share information presented below is based upon share of deposits in specified areas according to SNL DataSource as of June 30, 2014. We are the largest financial institution in the state of Oklahoma with 14% of the state’s total deposits. Bank of Oklahoma has 30% and 12% of the market share in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City areas, respectively. We compete with two banks that have operations nationwide and have greater access to funds at lower costs, higher lending limits, and greater access to technology resources. We also compete with regional and locally-owned banks in both the Tulsa and Oklahoma City areas, as well as in every other community in which we do business throughout the state. Bank of Texas competes against numerous financial institutions, including some of the largest in the United States, and has a market share of approximately 2% in the Dallas, Fort Worth area and less than 1% in the Houston area. Bank of Albuquerque has a number three market share position with 10% of deposits in the Albuquerque area and competes with four large national banks, some regional banks and several locally-owned smaller community banks. Colorado State Bank and Trust has a market share of approximately 2% in the Denver area. Bank of Arkansas serves Benton and Washington counties in Arkansas with a market share of approximately 3%. Bank of Arizona operates as a community bank with locations in Phoenix, Mesa and Scottsdale with a market share of approximately 1%. Bank of Kansas City serves the Kansas City, Kansas/Missouri market with a market share of less than 1%. The Company’s ability to expand into additional states remains subject to various federal and state laws. Employees As of December 31, 2014, BOK Financial and its subsidiaries employed 4,743 full-time equivalent employees. None of the Company’s employees are represented by collective bargaining agreements. Management considers its employee relations to be good. Supervision and Regulation BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulations under federal and state laws. These regulations are designed to promote safety and soundness, protect consumers and ensure the stability of the banking system as a whole. The purpose of these regulations is not necessarily to protect shareholders and creditors. As detailed below, these regulations require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain certain capital balances and require the Company to provide financial support to its subsidiaries. These regulations may restrict the Company’s ability to diversify, to acquire other institutions and to pay dividends on its capital stock. These regulations also include requirements on certain programs and services offered to our customers, including restrictions on fees charged for certain services. The following information summarizes certain existing laws and regulations that affect the Company’s operations. It does not summarize all provisions of these laws and regulations and does not include all laws and regulations that affect the Company presently or in the future. 2 General As a financial holding company, BOK Financial is regulated under the BHCA and is subject to regular inspection, examination and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). Under the BHCA, BOK Financial files quarterly reports and other information with the Federal Reserve Board. The Bank is organized as a national banking association under the National Banking Act, and is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the Federal Reserve Board, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and other federal and state regulatory agencies. The OCC has primary supervisory responsibility for national banks and must approve certain corporate or structural changes, including changes in capitalization, payment of dividends, change of place of business, and establishment of a branch or operating subsidiary. The OCC performs examinations concerning safety and soundness, the quality of management and directors, information technology and compliance with applicable regulations. The National Banking Act authorizes the OCC to examine every national bank as often as necessary. A financial holding company, and the companies under its control, are permitted to engage in activities considered “financial in nature” as defined by the BHCA, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and Federal Reserve Board interpretations. Activities that are “financial in nature” include securities underwriting and dealing, insurance underwriting, merchant banking, operating a mortgage company, performing certain data processing operations, servicing loans and other extensions of credit, providing investment and financial advice, owning and operating savings and loan associations, and leasing personal property on a full pay-out, non-operating basis. A financial holding company is required to notify the Federal Reserve Board within thirty days of engaging in new activities determined to be “financial in nature.” BOK Financial is engaged in some of these activities and has notified the Federal Reserve Board. In order for a financial holding company to commence any new activity permitted by the BHCA, each insured depository institution subsidiary of the financial holding company must be "well capitalized" and "well managed" and received a rating of at least "satisfactory" in its most recent examination under the Community Reinvestment Act. A financial holding company and its depository institution subsidiaries are considered to be "well capitalized" if they meet the requirements discussed in the section captioned "Capital Adequacy and Prompt Corrective Action" which follows. A financial holding company and its depository institution subsidiaries are considered to be "well managed" if they receive a composite rating and management rating of at least "satisfactory" in their most recent examinations. If a financial holding company fails to meet these requirements, the Federal Reserve Board may impose limitations or conditions on the conduct of its activities and the company may not commence any new financial activities without prior approval. The BHCA requires the Federal Reserve Board’s prior approval for the direct or indirect acquisition of more than five percent of any class of voting stock of any non-affiliated bank. Under the Federal Bank Merger Act, the prior approval of the OCC is required for a national bank to merge with another bank or purchase the assets or assume the deposits of another bank. In reviewing applications seeking approval of merger and acquisition transactions, the bank regulatory authorities consider, among other things, the competitive effect and public benefits of the transactions, the capital position of the combined organization, the applicant’s performance record under the Community Reinvestment Act and fair housing laws and the effectiveness of the subject organizations in combating money laundering activities. A financial holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited under the BHCA from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with the provision of any credit, property or services. Thus, a subsidiary of a financial holding company may not extend credit, lease or sell property, furnish any services or fix or vary the consideration for these activities on the condition that (1) the customer obtain or provide additional credit, property or services from or to the financial holding company or any subsidiary thereof, or (2) the customer may not obtain some other credit, property or services from a competitor, except to the extent reasonable conditions are imposed to insure the soundness of credit extended. The Bank and other non-bank subsidiaries are also subject to other federal and state laws and regulations. For example, BOSC, Inc. is regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the Federal Reserve Board, and state securities regulators. Such regulations generally include licensing of certain personnel, customer interactions, and trading operations. 3 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law, giving federal banking agencies authority to increase regulatory capital requirements, impose additional rules and regulations over consumer financial products and services and limit the amount of interchange fees that may be charged in an electronic debit transaction. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act made permanent the $250,000 limit for federal deposit insurance. It also repealed prohibitions on payment of interest on demand deposits, which could impact how interest is paid on business transaction and other accounts. Further, the Dodd-Frank Act prohibits banking entities from engaging in proprietary trading and restricts banking entities sponsorship of or investment in private equity funds and hedge funds. Final rules required to implement the Dodd-Frank Act have largely been issued. Many of these rules have extended phase-in periods and the full impact of this legislation on the banking industry, including the Company, remains unknown. The Durbin Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act required that interchange fees on electronic debit transactions paid by merchants must be “reasonable and proportional to the cost incurred by the issuer” and prohibited card network rules that have limited price competition among networks. Effective October 1, 2011, the Federal Reserve issued its final ruling to implement the Durbin Amendment. This ruling established a cap on interchange fees banks with more than $10 billion in total assets can charge merchants for certain debit card transactions. The Durbin Amendment also required all banks to comply with the prohibition on network exclusivity and routing requirements. Debit card issuers are required to make at least two unaffiliated networks available to merchants. The Dodd-Frank Act established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") with powers to supervise and enforce consumer protection laws. The CFPB has broad rule-making authority for a wide range of consumer protection laws that apply to all banks and savings institutions, including the authority to prohibit "unfair, deceptive or abusive" acts and practices. Established July 21, 2011, the CFPB has examination and enforcement authority over all banks and savings institutions with more than $10 billion in assets for certain designated consumer laws and regulations. The CFPB issued mortgage servicing standards and mortgage lending rules, including “qualified mortgage” rules that are designed to protect consumers and ensure the reliability of mortgages. Mortgage lenders are required to make a reasonable and good faith determination based on verified and documented information that a consumer applying for a mortgage loan has a reasonable ability to repay the loan according to its terms. Qualified mortgages that meet this requirement and other specified criteria are given a safe harbor of compliance. Rules affecting mortgage lenders and servicers became effective on January 10, 2014. Title VI of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly known as the Volcker Rule, prohibits banking entities from engaging in proprietary trading as defined by the Dodd-Frank Act and restricts sponsorship of, or investment in, private equity funds and hedge funds, subject to limited exceptions and exclusions. In December 2013, Federal banking agencies approved regulations that implement the Volcker Rule. In December 2014, the Federal Reserve extended the conformance period for key elements of the Rule relating to relationships with funds until July 2017. The Company’s private equity investment activities will be curtailed. The Company’s trading activity will be largely unaffected, as most trading activities are exempted or excluded from the Volcker Rule trading prohibitions. However, the Company will be required to develop new policies and procedures to ensure ongoing compliance with the Volcker Rule which will result in additional operating and compliance costs. Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act subjects nearly all derivative transactions to the regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) or SEC. This includes registration, recordkeeping, reporting, capital, margin and business conduct requirements on swap dealers and major swap participants. The CFTC and SEC both approved interim final rules on the definition "swap" and “swap dealer" which were effective October 2012. Under these rules, entities transacting in less than $8 billion in notional value of swaps over any 12 month period during the first three years after these rules are effective will be exempt from the definition of "swap dealer." After that three year period, this threshold may be reduced to $3 billion subject to the results of studies the commissions intend to undertake once the derivative rules are effective. The Company currently estimates that the nature and volume of swap activity will not require it to register as a swap dealer any time prior to October 2015. Although the ultimate impact of Title VII remains uncertain, we currently believe its full implementation is likely not to impose significantly higher compliance costs on the Company. 4 Capital Adequacy and Prompt Corrective Action The Federal Reserve Board, the OCC and the FDIC have issued substantially similar risk-based and leverage capital guidelines applicable to United States banking organizations to ensure capital adequacy based upon the risk levels of assets and off- balance sheet financial instruments. In addition, these regulatory agencies may from time to time require that a banking organization maintain capital above the minimum levels, whether because of its financial condition or actual or anticipated growth. Capital adequacy guidelines and prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators regarding components, risk weighting and other factors. The Federal Reserve Board risk-based guidelines currently define a three-tier capital framework. Core capital (Tier 1) includes common shareholders' equity and qualifying preferred stock, less goodwill, most intangible assets and other adjustments. Supplementary capital (Tier 2) consists of preferred stock not qualifying as Tier 1 capital, qualifying mandatory convertible debt securities, limited amounts of subordinated debt, other qualifying term debt and allowances for credit losses, subject to limitations. Market risk capital (Tier 3) includes qualifying unsecured subordinated debt. Assets and off-balance sheet exposures are assigned to one of four categories of risk-weights, based primarily upon relative credit risk. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated by dividing Tier 1 and total capital by risk-weighted assets. For a depository institution to be considered well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the institution's Tier 1 and total capital ratios must be at least 6% and 10% on a risk-adjusted basis, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, BOK Financial's Tier 1 and total capital ratios under these guidelines were 13.33% and 14.66%, respectively. The leverage ratio is determined by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted average total assets. Banking organizations are required to maintain a ratio of at least 5% to be classified as well capitalized. BOK Financial's leverage ratio at December 31, 2014 was 9.96%. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (the “FDICIA”), among other things, identifies five capital categories for insured depository institutions from well capitalized to critically undercapitalized and requires the respective federal regulatory agencies to implement systems for prompt corrective action for institutions failing to meet minimum capital requirements within such categories. FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive covenants on operations, management and capital distributions, depending upon the category in which an institution is classified. The various regulatory agencies have adopted substantially similar regulations that define the five capital categories identified by FDICIA, using the total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and leverage capital ratios as the relevant capital measures. Such regulations establish various degrees of corrective action to be taken when an institution is considered undercapitalized. Under these guidelines, the Bank was considered well capitalized as of December 31, 2014. The federal regulatory authorities' current risk-based capital guidelines are based upon the 1988 capital accord of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the “BCBS”). The BCBS is a committee of central banks and bank supervisors/regulators from the major industrialized countries that develops broad policy guidelines for use by each country's supervisors in determining the supervisory policies they apply. The Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision ("GHOS"), the oversight body of the BCBS, announced changes to strengthen the existing capital and liquidity requirements of internationally-active banking organizations. These changes are commonly referred to as the Basel III framework. In July 2013, banking regulators issued the final rule revising regulatory capital rules which implements the Basel III framework for substantially all U.S. banking organizations. The final rule was effective for BOK Financial on January 1, 2015. Components of the rule will be phased-in through January 1, 2019. Among other things, the final rule effectively changes the Tier 1 risk based-capital requirements and the total risk-based capital requirements, including a capital conservation buffer, to a minimum of 8.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The final rule also changed the minimum leverage ratio to 4% of average assets. In addition, the final rule changes instruments that qualify to be included in Tier 1 and total regulatory capital. The Company will elect to exclude unrealized gains and losses from available for sale securities from its calculation of Tier 1 capital effective January 1, 2015. The new capital rules also establish a 7% threshold for the Tier 1 common equity ratio consisting of a minimum level plus a capital conservation buffer. Based on our interpretation of the new capital rules, our estimated Tier 1 common equity ratio on a fully phased-in basis would be approximately 12.25%, nearly 525 basis points above the 7% regulatory threshold. 5 Liquidity Requirements The Basel III framework also requires bank holding companies and banks to measure their liquidity against specific liquidity tests. One test, referred to as the liquidity coverage ratio, is designed to ensure that the banking entity maintains a prescribed minimum level of unencumbered high-quality liquid assets equal to expected net cash outflows as defined. The other test, referred to as the net stable funding ratio, is designed to promote greater reliance on medium and long term funding sources. On September 3, 2014, U.S. federal banking agencies published the final rule covering Liquidity Risk Management Standards that would standardize minimum liquidity requirements for internationally active banking organizations as defined (generally those with total consolidated assets in excess of $250 billion) as well as modified liquidity requirements for other banking organizations with total consolidated assets in excess of $50 billion that are not internationally active. Although the final rule does not apply to banking organizations with total assets less than $50 billion, including the Company, the effect of future rule- making to implement standardized minimum liquidity requirements is unknown. Stress Testing As required by the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve published regulations that require bank holding companies with $10 billion to $50 billion in assets to perform annual capital stress tests. These companies were required to conduct their first annual company-run stress test as of September 30, 2013 based on factors provided by the Federal Reserve Bank supplemented by institution-specific factors. The results of the annual capital stress tests were submitted to banking regulators by the following March 31st. Results of the annual capital stress tests performed as of September 30, 2014 will first be publicly disclosed by June 30, 2015. Institutions that do not satisfactorily complete their annual stress test due to either results of the test or processes used to complete the test may be subject to restrictions on their capital distributions. They also may be required to increase their regulatory capital under certain circumstances. Further discussion of regulatory capital, including regulatory capital amounts and ratios, is set forth under the heading “Liquidity and Capital” within “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 15 of the Company's Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, both of which appear elsewhere herein. Executive and Incentive Compensation Guidelines adopted by federal banking agencies prohibit excessive compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and describe compensation as excessive when the amounts paid are unreasonable or disproportionate to the services performed by an executive officer, employee, director or principal shareholder. The Federal Reserve Board has issued comprehensive guidance on incentive compensation intended to ensure that the incentive compensation policies do not undermine safety and soundness by encouraging excessive risk taking. This guidance covers all employees that have the ability to materially affect the risk profile of an organization, either individually or as part of a group, based on key principles that (i) incentives do not encourage risk-taking beyond the organization's ability to identify and manage risk, (ii) compensation arrangements are compatible with effective internal controls and risk management, and (iii) compensation arrangements are supported by strong corporate governance, including active and effective board oversight. Deficiencies in compensation practices may affect supervisory ratings and enforcement actions may be taken if incentive compensation arrangements pose a risk to safety and soundness. Deposit Insurance Substantially all of the deposits held by the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) of the FDIC and are subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the DIF. In 2011, the FDIC released a final rule to implement provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that affect deposit insurance assessments. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act raised the minimum designated reserve ratio from 1.15% to 1.35% of estimated insured deposits, removed the upper limit of the designated reserve ratio, required that the designated reserve ratio reach 1.35% by September 30, 2020, and required that the FDIC offset the effect of increasing the minimum designated reserve ratio on depository institutions with total assets of less than $10 billion. The Dodd-Frank Act also required that the FDIC redefine the assessment base to average consolidated assets minus average tangible equity. 6 Dividends A key source of liquidity for BOK Financial is dividends from the Bank, which is limited by various banking regulations to net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the preceding two years. Dividends are further restricted by minimum capital requirements and the Company's internal capital policy. The Bank's dividend limitations are discussed under the heading “Liquidity and Capital” within “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Source of Strength Doctrine According to Federal Reserve Board policy, a bank holding company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to each subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support each such subsidiary. This support may be required at times when a bank holding company may not be able to provide such support. Transactions with Affiliates The Federal Reserve Board regulates transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries. Generally, the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation W, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Act, limit the Company’s banking subsidiary and its subsidiaries, to lending and other “covered transactions” with affiliates. The aggregate amount of covered transactions a banking subsidiary or its subsidiaries may enter into with an affiliate may not exceed 10% of the capital stock and surplus of the banking subsidiary. The aggregate amount of covered transactions with all affiliates may not exceed 20% of the capital stock and surplus of the banking subsidiary. Covered transactions with affiliates are also subject to collateralization requirements and must be conducted on arm’s length terms. Covered transactions include (a) a loan or extension of credit by the banking subsidiary, including derivative contracts, (b) a purchase of securities issued to a banking subsidiary, (c) a purchase of assets by the banking subsidiary unless otherwise exempted by the Federal Reserve, (d) acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate to the banking subsidiary as collateral for a loan, and (e) the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit by the banking subsidiary on behalf of an affiliate. Bank Secrecy Act and USA PATRIOT Act The Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) and the The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (“PATRIOT Act”) imposes many requirements on financial institutions in the interest of national security and law enforcement. BSA requires banks to maintain records and file suspicious activity reports that are of use to law enforcement and regulators in combating money laundering and other financial crimes. The PATRIOT Act is intended to deny terrorists and criminals the ability to access the U.S. financial services system and places significantly greater requirements on financial institutions. Financial institutions, such as the Company and its subsidiaries, must have a designated BSA Officer, internal controls, independent testing and training programs commensurate with their size and risk profile. As part of its internal control program, a financial institution is expected to have effective customer due diligence and enhanced due diligence requirements for high-risk customers, as well as processes to prohibit transaction with entities subject to Office of Foreign Asset Control sanctions. Documentation and recordkeeping requirements, as well as system requirements, aimed at identifying and reporting suspicious activity reporting, must increase with the institution's size and complexity. Failure to implement or maintain adequate programs and controls to combat terrorist financing and money laundering may have serious legal, financial, and reputational consequences. 7 Governmental Policies and Economic Factors The operations of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are affected by legislative changes and by the policies of various regulatory authorities and, in particular, the policies of the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board has statutory objectives to maximize employment and maintain price stability. Among the instruments of monetary policy used by the Federal Reserve Board to implement these objectives are: open-market operations in U.S. Government securities, changes in the discount rate and federal funds rate on bank borrowings, and changes in reserve requirements on bank deposits. The effect of future changes in such policies on the business and earnings of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries is uncertain. In response to the significant recession in business activity which began in 2007, the Federal Reserve took aggressive actions to reduce interest rates and provide liquidity. While many of the crisis-related programs have expired or been closed, government legislation and policies continue to be accommodative, including increases in government spending, reduction of certain taxes and promotion of home affordability programs. The Federal Reserve completed its bond purchase program designed to reduce longer-term rates in October of 2014, although it continues to maintain an accommodative policy of reinvesting principal payments from its holdings of agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities in agency mortgage-backed securities and to rollover maturing Treasury securities. The Federal Reserve has indicated that it will likely foster a low-interest rate environment for a considerable time, dependent on inflation and employment levels the progress. The short-term effectiveness and long-term impact of these programs on the economy in general and on BOK Financial Corporation in particular are uncertain. BOK Financial does not engage in operations in foreign countries, nor does it lend to foreign governments. Foreign Operations 8 ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS BOK Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries could be adversely affected by risks and uncertainties that could have a material impact on its financial condition and results of operations, as well as on its common stock and other financial instruments. Risk factors which are significant to the Company include, but are not limited to: General and Regulatory Risk Factors Adverse factors could impact BOK Financial's ability to implement its operating strategy. Although BOK Financial has developed an operating strategy which it expects to result in continuing improved financial performance, BOK Financial cannot assure that it will be successful in fulfilling this strategy or that this operating strategy will be successful. Achieving success is dependent upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond BOK Financial's direct control. Factors that may adversely affect BOK Financial's ability to implement its operating strategy include: • • • • • • • • deterioration of BOK Financial's asset quality; deterioration in general economic conditions, especially in BOK Financial's core markets; inability to control BOK Financial's non-interest expenses; inability to increase non-interest income; inability to access capital; decreases in net interest margins; increases in competition; adverse regulatory developments. Substantial competition could adversely affect BOK Financial. Banking is a competitive business. BOK Financial competes actively for loan, deposit and other financial services business in the southwest region of the United States. BOK Financial's competitors include a large number of small and large local and national banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, trust companies, broker-dealers and underwriters, as well as many financial and non-financial firms that offer services similar to those of BOK Financial. Large national financial institutions have substantial capital, technology and marketing resources. Such large financial institutions may have greater access to capital at a lower cost than BOK Financial does, which may adversely affect BOK Financial's ability to compete effectively. BOK Financial has expanded into markets outside of Oklahoma, where it competes with a large number of financial institutions that have an established customer base and greater market share than BOK Financial. BOK Financial may not be able to continue to compete successfully in these markets outside of Oklahoma. With respect to some of its services, BOK Financial competes with non-bank companies that are not subject to regulation. The absence of regulatory requirements may give non- banks a competitive advantage. Government regulations could adversely affect BOK Financial. BOKF and BOKF, NA are subject to banking laws and regulations that limit the type of acquisitions and investments that we may make. In addition, certain permitted acquisitions and investments are subject to prior review and approval by banking regulators, including the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC. Banking regulators have broad discretion on whether to approve proposed acquisitions and investments. In deciding whether to approve a proposed acquisition, federal banking regulators will consider, among other things, the effect of the acquisition on competition; the convenience and needs of the communities to be served, including our record of compliance under the Community Reinvestment Act; and our effectiveness in combating money laundering. They will also consider our financial condition and our future prospects, including projected capital ratios and levels; the competence, experience, and integrity of our management; and our record of compliance with laws and regulations. The trend of increasingly extensive regulation is likely to continue and become more costly in the future. Laws, regulations or policies currently affecting BOK Financial and its subsidiaries may change. The implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act has and will continue to affect BOK Financial’s businesses, including interchange revenue, mortgage banking, derivative and trading activities on behalf of customers, consumer products and funds management. Regulatory authorities may change their interpretation of these statutes and regulations and are likely to increase their supervisory activities, including the OCC, our primary regulator, and the CFPB, our new regulator for certain designated consumer laws and regulations. Violations of laws and regulations could limit the growth potential of BOK Financial's businesses. We have made extensive investments in human and technological resources to address enhanced regulatory 9 expectations, including investments in the areas of risk management, compliance, and capital planning. Adverse political environment could negatively impact BOK Financial’s business. As a result of the financial crisis and related government intervention to stabilize the banking system, there have been a series of laws and related regulations proposed or enacted in an attempt to ensure the crisis is not repeated. Many of the proposed new regulations are far-reaching. The intervention by the government also impacted populist sentiment with a negative view of financial institutions. This sentiment may increase litigation risk to the Company. While the Company did not participate in the Troubled Asset Relief Program and performed well throughout the downturn, the adverse political environment could have an adverse impact on BOK Financial’s future operations. Credit Risk Factors Adverse regional economic developments could negatively affect BOK Financial's business. At December 31, 2014, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas represented approximately 34% of the total loan portfolio and loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma represented approximately 24% of our total loan portfolio. These geographic concentrations subject the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas. Poor economic conditions in Oklahoma, Texas or other markets in the southwest region may cause BOK Financial to incur losses associated with higher default rates and decreased collateral values in BOK Financial's loan portfolio. A regional economic downturn could also adversely affect revenue from brokerage and trading activities, mortgage loan originations and other sources of fee-based revenue. Adverse economic factors affecting particular industries could have a negative effect on BOK Financial customers and their ability to make payments to BOK Financial. Certain industry-specific economic factors also affect BOK Financial. For example, 20% of BOK Financial's total loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 is comprised of loans to borrowers in the energy industry, which is historically a cyclical industry. Low commodity prices may adversely affect that industry and, consequently, may affect BOK Financial's business negatively. The effect of volatility in commodity prices on our customer derivatives portfolio could adversely affect our liquidity and regulatory capital. In addition, BOK Financial's loan portfolio includes commercial real estate loans. A downturn in the real estate industry in general or in certain segments of the commercial real estate industry in the southwest region could also have an adverse effect on BOK Financial's operations. Adverse global economic factors could have a negative effect on BOK Financial customers and counter-parties. Poor economic conditions globally, including those of the European Union, could impact BOK Financial’s customers and counter-parties with which we do business. We have no direct exposure to European sovereign debt and our aggregate gross exposure to European financial institutions totaled $3.8 million at December 31, 2014. In addition, we have an aggregate gross exposure to internationally active domestic financial institutions of approximately $227 million at December 31, 2014. The financial condition of these institutions is monitored on an on-going basis. We have not identified any significant customer exposures to European sovereign debt or European financial institutions. Liquidity and Interest Rate Risk Factors Fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect BOK Financial's business. BOK Financial's business is highly sensitive to: • • • the monetary policies implemented by the Federal Reserve Board, including the discount rate on bank borrowings and changes in reserve requirements, which affect BOK Financial's ability to make loans and the interest rates we may charge; changes in prevailing interest rates, due to the dependency of the Bank on interest income; open market operations in U.S. Government securities. 10 A significant increase in market interest rates, or the perception that an increase may occur, could adversely affect both BOK Financial's ability to originate new loans and BOK Financial's ability to grow. Conversely, a decrease in interest rates could result in acceleration in the payment of loans, including loans underlying BOK Financial's holdings of residential mortgage- backed securities and termination of BOK Financial's mortgage servicing rights. In addition, changes in market interest rates, changes in the relationships between short-term and long-term market interest rates or changes in the relationships between different interest rate indices, could affect the interest rates charged on interest-earning assets differently than the interest rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. This difference could result in an increase in interest expense relative to interest income which would reduce the Company’s net interest revenue. In a low interest rate environment, the Company's ability to support net interest revenue through continued securities portfolio growth or further reduce deposit costs could be limited. An increase in market interest rates also could adversely affect the ability of BOK Financial's floating-rate borrowers to meet their higher payment obligations. If this occurred, it could cause an increase in nonperforming assets and net charge-offs, which could adversely affect BOK Financial's business. Changes in mortgage interest rates could adversely affect mortgage banking operations as well as BOK Financial's substantial holdings of residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgage servicing rights. Our available for sale residential mortgage-backed security portfolio represents investment interests in pools of residential mortgages, composing $6.8 billion or 23% of total assets of the Company at December 31, 2014. Residential mortgage-backed securities are highly sensitive to changes in interest rates. BOK Financial mitigates this risk somewhat by investing principally in shorter duration mortgage products, which are less sensitive to changes in interest rates. A significant decrease in interest rates has led mortgage holders to refinance the mortgages constituting the pool backing the securities, subjecting BOK Financial to a risk of prepayment and decreased return on investment due to subsequent reinvestment at lower interest rates. A significant decrease in interest rates has also accelerated premium amortization. Conversely, a significant increase in interest rates could cause mortgage holders to extend the term over which they repay their loans, which delays the Company’s opportunity to reinvest funds at higher rates. Residential mortgage-backed securities are also subject to credit risk from delinquency or default of the underlying loans. BOK Financial mitigates this risk somewhat by investing in securities issued by U.S. government agencies. Principal and interest payments on the loans underlying these securities are guaranteed by these agencies. The Federal Reserve Board and other government agencies have implemented policies and programs to stimulate the U.S. economy and housing market. These policies and programs have significantly reduced both primary mortgage interest rates, the rates paid by borrowers, and secondary mortgage interest rates, the rates required by investors in mortgage backed securities. They have also reduced barriers to mortgage refinancing such as insufficient home values. BOK Financial derives a substantial amount of revenue from mortgage activities, including $61 million from the production and sale of mortgage loans, $48 million from the servicing of mortgage loans and $27 million from sales of financial instruments to other mortgage lenders. These activities, as well our substantial holdings of residential mortgage backed securities and mortgage servicing rights may be adversely affected by changes in government policies and programs. In addition, as part of BOK Financial's mortgage banking business, BOK Financial has substantial holdings of mortgage servicing rights, totaling $172 million or 0.59% of total assets at December 31, 2014. The value of these rights is also very sensitive to changes in interest rates. Falling interest rates tend to increase loan prepayments, which may lead to cancellation of the related servicing rights. BOK Financial attempts to manage this risk by maintaining an active hedging program for its mortgage servicing rights. The Company's hedging program focuses on partially hedging the risk of changes in fair value, primarily related to changes mortgage interest rates. Other factors, such as short-term interest rates, also impact the value of mortgage servicing rights, may not be hedged. The value of mortgage servicing rights may also decrease due to rising delinquency or default of the loans serviced which are not hedged. This risk is mitigated somewhat by adherence to underwriting standards on loans originated for sale. Market disruptions could impact BOK Financial’s funding sources. BOK Financial’s subsidiary bank may rely on other financial institutions and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka as a significant source of funds. Our ability to fund loans, manage our interest rate risk and meet other obligations depends on funds borrowed from these sources. The inability to borrow funds at market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our operations. 11 Operating Risk Factors Dependence on technology increases cybersecurity risk. As a financial institution, we process a significant number of customer transactions and possess a significant amount of sensitive customer information. As technology advances, the ability to initiate transactions and access data has become more widely distributed among mobile phones, personal computers, automated teller machines, remote deposit capture sites and similar access points. These technological advances increase cybersecurity risk. While the Company maintains programs intended to prevent or limit the effects of cybersecurity risk, there is no assurance that unauthorized transactions or unauthorized access to customer information will not occur. The financial, reputational and regulatory impact of unauthorized transactions or unauthorized access to customer information could be significant. We depend on third parties for critical components of our infrastructure. We outsource a significant portion of our information systems, communications, data management and transaction processing to third parties. These third parties are sources of risk associated with operational errors, system interruptions or breaches, unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and misuse of intellectual property. If the service providers encounter any of these issues, we could be exposed to disruption of service, reputation damages, and litigation risk that could be material to our business. Risks Related to an Investment in Our Stock Although publicly traded, BOK Financial's common stock has substantially less liquidity than the average trading market for a stock quoted on the NASDAQ National Market System. A relatively small fraction of BOK Financial's outstanding common stock is actively traded. The risks of low liquidity include increased volatility of the price of BOK Financial's common stock. Low liquidity may also limit holders of BOK Financial's common stock in their ability to sell or transfer BOK Financial's shares at the price, time and quantity desired. BOK Financial's principal shareholder controls a majority of BOK Financial's common stock. Mr. George B. Kaiser owns approximately 62% of the outstanding shares of BOK Financial's common stock at December 31, 2014. Mr. Kaiser is able to elect all of BOK Financial's directors and effectively control the vote on all matters submitted to a vote of BOK Financial's common shareholders. Mr. Kaiser's ability to prevent an unsolicited bid for BOK Financial or any other change in control could have an adverse effect on the market price for BOK Financial's common stock. A substantial majority of BOK Financial's directors are not officers or employees of BOK Financial or any of its affiliates. However, because of Mr. Kaiser's control over the election of BOK Financial's directors, he could change the composition of BOK Financial's Board of Directors so that it would not have a majority of outside directors. Possible future sales of shares by BOK Financial's principal shareholder could adversely affect the market price of BOK Financial's common stock. Mr. Kaiser has the right to sell shares of BOK Financial's common stock in compliance with the federal securities laws at any time, or from time to time. The federal securities laws will be the only restrictions on Mr. Kaiser's ability to sell. Because of his current control of BOK Financial, Mr. Kaiser could sell large amounts of his shares of BOK Financial's common stock by causing BOK Financial to file a registration statement that would allow him to sell shares more easily. In addition, Mr. Kaiser could sell his shares of BOK Financial's common stock without registration under Rule 144 of the Securities Act. Although BOK Financial can make no predictions as to the effect, if any, that such sales would have on the market price of BOK Financial's common stock, sales of substantial amounts of BOK Financial's common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect market prices. If Mr. Kaiser sells or transfers his shares of BOK Financial's common stock as a block, another person or entity could become BOK Financial's controlling shareholder. 12 Statutory restrictions on subsidiary dividends and other distributions and debts of BOK Financial's subsidiaries could limit amounts BOK Financial's subsidiaries may pay to BOK Financial. A substantial portion of BOK Financial's cash flow typically comes from dividends paid by the Bank. Statutory provisions and regulations restrict the amount of dividends the Bank may pay to BOK Financial without regulatory approval. Management also developed, and the BOK Financial board of directors approved, an internal capital policy that is more restrictive than the regulatory capital standards. In the event of liquidation, creditors of the Bank and other non-bank subsidiaries of BOK Financial are entitled to receive distributions from the assets of that subsidiary before BOK Financial, as holder of an equity interest in the subsidiaries, is entitled to receive any distributions. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES BOK Financial and its subsidiaries own and lease improved real estate that is carried at $177 million, net of depreciation and amortization. The Company’s principal offices are located in leased premises in the Bank of Oklahoma Tower in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Banking offices are primarily located in Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston, Texas; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Denver, Colorado; Phoenix, Arizona; and Kansas City, Kansas/Missouri. Primary operations facilities are located in Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Texas and Albuquerque, New Mexico. The Company’s facilities are suitable for their respective uses and present needs. The information set forth in Notes 5 and 14 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which appear elsewhere herein, provides further discussion related to properties. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The information set forth in Note 14 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which appear elsewhere herein, provides discussion related to legal proceedings. ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 13 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BOK Financial’s $0.00006 par value common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol BOKF. As of January 31, 2015, common shareholders of record numbered 806 with 69,113,013 shares outstanding. The highest and lowest quarterly closing bid price for shares and cash dividends per share of BOK Financial common stock follows: 2014: Low High Cash dividends 2013: Low High Cash dividends First Second Third Fourth $ 62.34 $ 62.18 $ 63.47 $ 69.69 0.40 70.18 0.40 68.71 0.40 $ 55.05 $ 60.52 $ 62.93 $ 62.77 0.38 65.95 0.38 69.36 0.38 57.87 62.28 0.40 60.81 66.32 0.40 14 Shareholder Return Performance Graph Set forth below is a line graph comparing the change in cumulative shareholder return of the NASDAQ Index, the NASDAQ Bank Index, and the KBW 50 Bank Index for the period commencing December 31, 2009 and ending December 31, 2014.* Index BOK Financial Corporation NASDAQ Composite NASDAQ Bank Index KBW 50 Period Ending December 31, 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 114.65 118.15 114.16 123.36 120.61 117.22 102.17 94.77 124.98 138.02 121.26 126.07 155.97 193.47 171.86 173.67 144.73 222.16 180.31 189.92 * Graph assumes value of an investment in the Company's Common Stock for each index was $100 on December 31, 2009. The KBW 50 Bank index is the Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. index, which is available only for calendar quarter end periods. Cash dividends on Common Stock are assumed to have been reinvested in BOK Financial Common Stock. 15 The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of the Company’s common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2014. Period October 1, 2014 to October 31, 2014 November 1, 2014 to November 30, 2014 December 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 1 — 54,000 146,000 Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans 1,960,504 1,906,504 1,760,504 Total Number of Shares Purchased 2 176 54,027 208,872 Average Price Paid per Share $ $ $ 64.08 66.65 59.93 Total 1 On April 24, 2012, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to two million shares of the Company's 200,000 263,075 common stock. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had repurchased 239,496 shares under this plan. 2 The Company routinely repurchases mature shares from employees to cover the exercise price and taxes in connection with employee shared-based compensation. 16 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The selected financial data is set forth within Table 1 of Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Table 1 -- Consolidated Selected Financial Data (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Selected Financial Data For the year: Interest revenue Interest expense Net interest revenue Provision for for credit losses Fees and commissions revenue Net income Period-end: Loans Assets Deposits Subordinated debentures Shareholders’ equity Nonperforming assets2 Profitability Statistics Earnings per share (based on average equivalent shares): Basic Diluted Percentages (based on daily averages): Return on average assets Return on average total equity Average total equity to average assets Common Stock Performance Per Share: Book value per common share Market price: December 31 close Market range – High close bid price Market range – Low close bid price Cash dividends declared Dividend payout ratio 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, $ 732,239 $ 745,371 $ 794,871 $ 813,146 $ 851,082 67,045 665,194 — 621,319 292,435 14,208,037 29,089,698 21,140,859 347,983 3,302,179 256,617 70,894 674,477 (27,900) 603,844 316,609 87,322 707,549 (22,000) 628,880 351,191 120,101 693,045 (6,050) 527,093 285,875 142,030 709,052 105,139 516,394 246,752 12,792,264 12,311,456 11,269,743 10,643,036 27,015,432 28,148,631 25,493,946 23,941,603 20,269,327 21,179,060 18,762,580 17,179,061 347,802 347,633 398,881 398,701 3,020,049 2,957,860 2,750,468 2,521,726 247,743 276,716 356,932 394,469 $ $ $ 4.23 4.22 $ 4.61 4.59 $ 5.15 5.13 $ 4.18 4.17 3.63 3.61 1.04% 1.16% 1.34% 1.17% 1.04% 9.20 11.47 47.78 60.04 70.18 57.87 1.62 $ 10.59 11.00 43.88 66.32 69.36 55.05 1.54 38.35% 33.43% 12.19 11.05 $ $ 43.29 54.46 59.77 52.56 5 2.47 48.01% 5 10.81 10.95 40.36 54.93 56.30 44.00 1.13 $ 10.24 10.19 36.97 53.40 55.68 42.89 0.99 27.01% 27.16% 17 Table 1 -- Consolidated Selected Financial Data (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Selected Balance Sheet Statistics Period-end: Tier 1 capital ratio Total capital ratio Leverage ratio Tier 1 common equity ratio1 Allowance for loan losses to nonaccruing loans Allowance for loan losses to loans Combined allowances for credit losses to loans 4 Miscellaneous (at December 31) Number of employees (full-time equivalent) Number of banking locations Number of TransFund locations Fiduciary assets Mortgage loan servicing portfolio3 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, 13.33% 13.77% 12.78% 13.27% 12.69% 14.66 9.96 13.17 234.06 1.33 1.34 4,743 182 2,080 15.56 10.05 13.59 183.29 1.45 1.47 4,632 206 1,998 15.13 9.01 12.59 160.34 1.75 1.77 4,704 217 1,970 16.49 9.15 13.06 125.93 2.25 2.33 4,511 212 1,912 16.20 8.74 12.55 126.93 2.75 2.89 4,432 207 1,943 $ 35,997,877 $ 30,137,092 $ 25,829,038 $ 22,821,813 $ 22,914,737 17,308,212 14,818,016 13,091,482 12,356,917 12,059,241 1 Tier 1 capital, adjusted for other comprehensive income and equity which does not benefit common shareholders, divided by risk-weighted assets, both as defined by Basel I based regulations. 2 Includes nonaccruing loans, renegotiated loans and assets acquired in satisfaction of loans. Excludes loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing. 3 Includes outstanding principal for loans serviced for affiliates. 4 Includes allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. 5 Includes $1.00 per share special dividend. Management’s Assessment of Operations and Financial Condition Overview The following discussion is management’s analysis to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the financial condition and results of operations of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial” or “the Company”). This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes and selected financial data presented elsewhere in this report. Economic activity expanded at a solid pace and unemployment improved during 2014. National unemployment rates were 5.6% in December of 2014 compared to 6.7% in December of 2013. Inflationary pressure have remain subdued and the U.S. government has continued to provide accommodative economic policy to support growth in the economy and further reduction in the unemployment rate. The U.S. equity market set records throughout the year, with the S&P 500 up 4.93% in the fourth quarter and bonds continue to perform well with the Barclays Aggregate up 1.79%. The yield curve flattened in 2014, as the interest rate market began to price in the probability that the Federal Reserve will increase interest rates in 2015, after completing their bond buying program during the year. The low interest rate environment has continued to present challenges for all financial institutions as cash flows from loan and securities portfolios are reinvested at current rates. Gross domestic product showed strong growth for 2014, however durable goods orders have declined and the housing recovery remains modest. Energy prices declined in the latter half of 2014, with price of oil falling 55% in the 20 day period from June 20, 2014 to January 6, 2015 and the price of gas falling 38% over the same time period. 18 Performance Summary Net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 totaled $292.4 million or $4.22 per diluted share compared with net income of $316.6 million or $4.59 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2013. Highlights of 2014 included: • Net interest revenue totaled $665.2 million for 2014 compared to $674.5 million for 2013. A continued narrowing of net interest spreads during the year impacted loans, largely offset by growth in average loan balances during the year. Net interest revenue was further impacted as the average balance of the securities portfolio was allowed to decrease in order to reposition the balance sheet in anticipation of rising interest rates. Net interest margin was 2.68% for 2014 compared to 2.80% for 2013. • Fees and commissions revenue increased $17.5 million or 3% over 2013 to $621.3 million for 2014. Fiduciary and asset management revenue grew by $19.6 million due to acquisitions and organic growth. Brokerage and trading revenue was up $9.0 million and transaction card revenue increased $6.9 million over the prior year. Mortgage banking revenue decreased $12.8 million primarily due to changes in mix toward lower margin products partially offset by an increase in the volume of loans sold. • Operating expenses totaled $847.5 million, an increase of $6.9 million or 1% over the prior year. Personnel costs decreased $28.3 million primarily due to the adjustment of amounts payable under the 2011 True-Up Plan. This adjustment was partially offset by the addition of wealth management, risk and compliance personnel during the year. Non-personnel expenses increased $35.2 million or 10% over the prior year due to increased professional fees and services and data processing and communications expense. Net occupancy and equipment costs also increased over the prior year and included $4.1 million of branch closure costs. • No provision for credit losses was recorded in 2014. A $27.9 million negative provision for credit losses was recorded in 2013. The Company had a net recovery of $2.8 million or (0.02)% of average loans for 2014 compared to net loans charged off of $2.0 million or 0.02% of average loans for 2013. Gross charge-offs decreased to $16.2 million in 2014 from $25.3 million in 2013. • The combined allowance for credit losses totaled $190 million or 1.34% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2014 compared to $187 million or 1.47% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2013. Nonperforming assets totaled $257 million or 1.79% of outstanding loans and repossessed assets at December 31, 2014 and $248 million or 1.92% of outstanding loans and repossessed assets at December 31, 2013. During 2014, nonaccruing loans decreased $20 million and repossessed assets increased $9.6 million. Renegotiated residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies increased $20 million. • Period-end outstanding loan balances were $14.2 billion at December 31, 2014, an increase of $1.4 billion over the prior year. Commercial loan balances grew by $1.2 billion or 15% and commercial real estate loans increased $313 million or 13%. Residential mortgage loans decreased $103 million and consumer loans increased $53 million. • The available for sale securities portfolio decreased $1.2 billion during 2014 to $9.0 billion at December 31, 2014. We pro-actively reduced the size of the bond portfolio to better position the balance sheet for an environment with rising longer-term rates. • Period-end deposits totaled $21.1 billion at December 31, 2014 compared to $20.3 billion at December 31, 2013. Demand deposit accounts increased by $750 million and interest-bearing transaction accounts increased $180 million. Time deposits decreased $87 million. • The Company's Tier 1 common equity ratio, as defined by banking regulators, was 13.17% at December 31, 2014 and 13.59% at December 31, 2013. The Company and its subsidiary bank exceeded the regulatory definition of well capitalized. The Company's Tier 1 capital ratio was 13.33% at December 31, 2014 and 13.77% at December 31, 2013. Total capital ratio was 14.66% at December 31, 2014 and 15.56% at December 31, 2013. The Company's leverage ratio was 9.96% at December 31, 2014 and 10.05% at December 31, 2013. • The Company paid regular cash dividends of $1.62 per common share during 2014. Regular cash dividends paid on common shares were $1.54 per common share in 2013. 19 Net income for the fourth quarter of 2014 totaled $64.3 million or $0.93 per diluted share compared to $73.0 million or $1.06 per diluted share for the fourth quarter of 2013. Highlights of the fourth quarter of 2014 included: • Net interest revenue totaled $169.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $166.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Net interest margin was 2.61% for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to 2.74% for the fourth quarter of 2013. Net interest revenue increased primarily due to the growth in average loan balances, partially offset by a decrease in available for sale securities balances. Loan yields decreased compared to the prior year due to continued competitive pressure, partially offset by an increase in the available for sale securities yield. • Fees and commissions revenue increased $15.5 million over the prior year to $157.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. Mortgage banking revenue increased $8.2 million due primarily to an increase in loan production volume. Fiduciary and asset management revenue grew $5.6 million over the prior year. Transaction card revenue and brokerage and trading revenue both increased over the prior year. • Operating expenses totaled $225.9 million, an increase of $10.5 million over the prior year, primarily due to $4.9 million of branch closure costs accrued in the fourth quarter of 2014. The Company also made a $1.8 million contribution of developed commercial real estate to the BOKF Foundation during the fourth quarter of 2014. Mortgage banking costs and data processing and communication expense increased, partially offset by decreased net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets. • No provision for credit losses was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to an $11.4 million negative provision for credit losses in the fourth quarter of 2013. Net charge-offs totaled $2.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2014 compared a net recovery of $3.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2013. Gross charge-offs were $7.2 million compared to $3.1 million in the prior year. Critical Accounting Policies & Estimates The Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company's accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Management makes significant assumptions and estimates in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP that may be highly subjective, complex and subject to variability. Actual results could differ significantly from these assumptions and estimates. The following discussion addresses the most critical areas where these assumptions and estimates could affect the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. These critical accounting policies and estimates have been discussed with the appropriate committees of the Board of Directors. Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk The allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk are assessed by management based on an ongoing quarterly evaluation of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio and probable estimated losses on unused commitments to provide financing. A consistent, well-documented methodology has been developed and is applied by an independent Credit Administration department to assure consistency across the Company. The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to certain impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans that are based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. There have been no material changes in the approach or techniques utilized in developing the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk during 2014. Loans are considered impaired when it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements, including loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated individually for impairment. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded through a quarterly evaluation of the borrower's ability to repay. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans which represent small balance, homogeneous pools are not risk graded. Non-risk graded loans are identified as impaired based on performance status. Generally, non-risk graded loans are considered impaired when 90 or more days past due, in bankruptcy or modified in a troubled debt restructuring. 20 Specific allowances for impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover are measured by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. Collateral value of real property is generally based on third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, less estimated selling costs. Appraised values are on an “as-is” basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. Updated appraisals are obtained at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. Collateral value of mineral rights is determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash flows under current market conditions. The value of other collateral is generally determined by our special assets staff based on liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. Collateral values and available cash resources that support impaired loans are evaluated quarterly. Historical statistics may be used as a practical way to estimate impairment in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is identified as impaired near the end of a reporting period until an updated appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed. Estimates of future cash flows and collateral values require significant judgments and may be volatile. General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on estimated loss rates by loan class. The appropriate historical gross loss rate for each loan class is determined by the greater of the current loss rate based on the most recent twelve months or a ten- year average gross loss rate. Recoveries are not directly considered in the estimation of historical loss rates. Recoveries generally do not follow predictable patterns and are not received until well-after the charge-off date as a result of protracted legal proceedings. For risk graded loans, historical loss rates are adjusted for changes in risk rating. For each loan class, the weighted average current risk grade is compared to the weighted average long-term risk grade. This comparison determines whether the risk in each loan class is increasing or decreasing. Historical loss rates are adjusted upward or downward in proportion to changes in weighted average risk grading. General allowances for unimpaired loans also consider inherent risks identified for a given loan class. Inherent risks include consideration of the loss rates that most appropriately represent the current credit cycle and other factors attributable to a specific loan class which have not yet been represented in the historical gross loss rates or risk grading. Examples of these factors include changes in commodity prices or engineering imprecision which may affect the value of reserves that secure our energy loan portfolio, construction risk that may affect commercial real estate loans, changes in regulations and public policy that may disproportionately impact health care loans and changes in loan product types. Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentrations in loans with large balances and other relevant factors. Fair Value Measurement Certain assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Fair value is defined by applicable accounting guidance as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal markets for the given asset or liability at the measurement date based on markets conditions at that date. An orderly transaction assumes exposure to the market for a customary period for marketing activities prior to the measurement date and not a forced liquidation or distressed sale. A hierarchy for fair value has been established that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad categories: unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), other observable inputs that can be observed either directly or indirectly (Level 2) and unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities (Level 3). Fair value may be recorded for certain assets and liabilities every reporting period on a recurring basis or under certain circumstances on a non-recurring basis. The following represents significant fair value measurements included in the Consolidated Financial Statements based on estimates. See Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of fair value measurement and disclosure included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Mortgage Servicing Rights We have a significant investment in mortgage servicing rights. Our mortgage servicing rights are primarily retained from sales in the secondary market of residential mortgage loans we have originated or purchased from correspondent lenders. Occasionally mortgage servicing rights may be purchased from other lenders. Both originated and purchased mortgage servicing rights are initially recognized at fair value. We carry all mortgage servicing rights at fair value. Changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as they occur. 21 There is no active market for mortgage servicing rights after origination. The fair value of the mortgage servicing rights are determined by discounting the projected cash flows. Certain significant assumptions and estimates used in valuing mortgage servicing rights are based on current market sources including projected prepayment speeds, assumed servicing costs, earnings on escrow deposits, ancillary income and discount rates. Assumptions used to value our mortgage servicing rights are considered significant unobservable inputs and represent our best estimate of assumptions that market participants would use to value this asset. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The prepayment model is updated daily for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual performance of our servicing portfolio. The discount rate is based on benchmark rates for mortgage loans plus a market spread expected by investors in servicing rights. Significant assumptions used to determine the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights are presented in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. At least annually, we request estimates of fair value from outside sources to corroborate the results of the valuation model. The assumptions used in this model are primarily based on mortgage interest rates. Evaluation of the effect of a change in one assumption without considering the effect of that change on other assumptions is not meaningful. Considering all related assumptions, we expect a 50 basis point increase in mortgage interest rates to increase the fair value of our servicing rights by $15 million. We expect an $14 million decrease in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights from a 50 basis point decrease in mortgage interest rates. Valuation of Derivative Instruments We use interest rate derivative instruments to manage our interest rate risk. We also offer interest rate, commodity, foreign exchange and equity derivative contracts to our customers. All derivative instruments are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on quoted prices in an active market for identical instruments. Fair values for over-the-counter interest rate contracts used to manage our interest rate risk are generated internally using third-party valuation models. Inputs used in third-party valuation models to determine fair values are considered significant other observable inputs. Fair values for interest rate, commodity, foreign exchange and equity contracts used in our customer hedging programs are based on valuations generated internally by third- party provided pricing models. These models use significant other observable market inputs to estimate fair values. Changes in assumptions used in these pricing models could significantly affect the reported fair values of derivative assets and liabilities, though the net effect of these changes should not significantly affect earnings. Credit risk is considered in determining the fair value of derivative instruments. Deterioration in the credit rating of customers or dealers reduces the fair value of asset contracts. The reduction in fair value is recognized in earnings during the current period. Fair value adjustments are based on various risk factors including but not limited to counterparty credit rating or equivalent loan grading, derivative contract notional size, price volatility of the underlying commodity, duration of the derivative contracts and expected loss severity. Expected loss severity is based on historical losses for similarly risk-graded commercial loan customers. Deterioration in our credit rating below investment grade would affect the fair value of our derivative liabilities. In the event of a credit down-grade, the fair value of our derivative liabilities would decrease. The reduction in fair value would be recognized in earnings in the current period. The impact of credit valuation adjustments on the total valuation of derivative contracts was not significant. Valuation of Securities The fair value of our securities portfolio is generally based on a single price for each financial instrument provided to us by a third-party pricing service determined by one or more of the following: • Quoted prices for similar, but not identical, assets or liabilities in active markets; • Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets; • Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates; • Other inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market inputs. 22 The underlying methods used by the third-party pricing services are considered in determining the primary inputs used to determine fair values. We evaluate the methodologies employed by the third-party pricing services by comparing the price provided by the pricing service with other sources, including brokers' quotes, sales or purchases of similar instruments and discounted cash flows to establish a basis for reliance on the pricing service values. Significant differences between the pricing service provided value and other sources are discussed with the pricing service to understand the basis for their values. Based on all observable inputs, management may adjust prices obtained from third-party pricing services to more appropriately reflect the prices that would be received to sell assets or paid to transfer liabilities in orderly transactions in the current market. No significant adjustments were made to prices provided by third-party pricing services at December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. Valuation of Impaired Loans and Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets The fair value of collateral for certain impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets is measured on a non-recurring basis. Fair values are generally based on unadjusted third-party appraisals derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Fair values based on these appraisals are considered to be based on Level 2 inputs. Fair value measurements based on appraisals that are not based on observable inputs or that require significant adjustments by us or fair value measurements that are not based on third-party appraisals are considered to be based on Level 3 inputs. Significant unobservable inputs include listing prices for comparable assets, uncorroborated expert opinions or management's knowledge of the collateral or industry. Goodwill Impairment Goodwill for each reporting unit is evaluated for impairment annually as of October 1st or more frequently if conditions indicate that impairment may have occurred. The evaluation of possible goodwill impairment involves significant judgment based upon short-term and long-term projections of future performance. As previously announced, the Company appointed a new Chief Executive Officer effective January 1, 2014 and made several executive leadership changes. There was no change in the operating segments as a result of the transition. However, reporting units were redefined as the significant lines of business within each operating segment. The redefinition is consistent with how the Chief Executive Officer has organized his Executive Leadership Team, assesses performance and allocates the resources of the Company. See additional discussion of the operating segments in the Assessment of Operations - Lines of Business section following. Prior to January 1, 2014, reporting units were defined as the geographical markets within each operating segment. While geographical market information may be monitored, it is not considered the primary decision-making tool. We perform a qualitative assessment that evaluates, based on the weight of the evidence, the significance of all identified events and circumstances in the context of determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units are less than their carrying amount. This qualitative assessment considers general economic conditions including trends in unemployment rates in our primary geographical areas, our earnings and stock price changes during the year, current and anticipated credit quality performance and the prolonged low interest rate environment and the impact of increased regulation. This qualitative assessment is supplemented by quantitative analysis through which the fair value of each of our reporting units is estimated by the discounted future earnings method. Income growth is projected for each of our reporting units over five years and a terminal value is computed. The projected income stream is converted to current fair value by using a discount rate that reflects a rate of return required by a willing buyer. Assumptions used to value our reporting units are based on growth rates, volatility, discount rate and market risk premium inherent in our current stock price. These assumptions are considered significant unobservable inputs and represent our best estimate of assumptions that market participants would use to determine fair value of the respective reporting units. Critical assumptions in our evaluation were a 6% average expected long-term growth rate, a 0.71% volatility factor for BOK Financial common stock, a 9.17% discount rate and a 9.36% market risk premium. The expected long-term growth rate among the reporting units may differ from the average. 23 As of December 31, 2014, the market value of BOK Financial common stock, a primary consideration in our goodwill impairment analysis, was $60.04 per share, approximately 10% lower than the market value used in our most recent annual evaluation. The market value is influenced by factors affecting the overall economy and the regional banks sector of the market. The market value of our stock may also have been affected by concerns over the potential impact of lower energy prices on the regional economy. We evaluated the effect of a sustained market value of $50 per share for our common stock. No impairment was noted. Goodwill impairment may be indicated at our next annual evaluation date if the market value of our stock declines or sooner if we incur significant unanticipated operating losses or if other factors indicate a significant decline in the value of our reporting units. Numerous other factors could affect future impairment analyses including credit losses that exceed projected amounts or failure to meet growth projections. Additionally, fee income may be adversely affected by increasing residential mortgage interest rates and changes in federal regulations. Other-Than-Temporary Impairment On a quarterly basis, the Company performs separate evaluations of impaired debt and equity investment and available for sale securities to determine if the unrealized losses are temporary or other-than-temporary. For impaired debt securities, management determines whether it intends to sell or if it is more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell the impaired securities. This determination considers current and forecasted liquidity requirements, regulatory and capital requirements and securities portfolio management. All impaired debt securities we intend to sell or we expect to be required to sell are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and the full impairment loss is recognized as a charge against earnings. All impaired debt securities we do not intend or expect to be required to sell are evaluated further. Impairment of debt securities rated investment grade by all nationally-recognized rating agencies is considered temporary unless specific contrary information is identified. Impairment of securities rated below investment grade by at least one of the nationally-recognized rating agencies is evaluated to determine if we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security based on the present value of projected cash flows from individual loans underlying each security. Below investment grade securities we own consist primarily of privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities. The primary assumptions used to project cash flows are disclosed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We consider the principal and interest cash flows from the underlying loan pool as well as the remaining credit enhancement coverage as part of our assessment of cash flows available to recover the amortized cost of our securities. The credit enhancement coverage is an estimate of currently remaining subordinated tranches available to absorb losses on pools of loans that support the security. Credit losses, which are defined as the excess of current amortized cost over the present value of projected cash flows, on other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities are recognized as a charge against earnings. Any remaining impairment attributed to factors other than credit losses are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive losses. Credit losses are based on long-term projections of cash flows which are sensitive to changes in assumptions. Changes in assumptions and differences between assumed and actual results regarding unemployment rates, delinquency rates, default rates, foreclosures costs and home price depreciation can affect estimated and actual credit losses. Deterioration of these factors beyond those described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements could result in the recognition of additional credit losses. We performed a sensitivity analysis of all privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities. Significant assumptions of this analysis included an increase in the unemployment rate to 8% and an additional 13.5% home price depreciation over the next twelve months. The results of this analysis indicated an additional $260 thousand of credit losses are possible. An increase in the unemployment rate to 10% with an additional 25.4% home price depreciation indicates an additional $560 thousand of credit losses are possible. Impaired equity securities, including perpetual preferred stocks, are evaluated based on our ability and intent to hold the securities until fair value recovers over a period not to exceed three years. The assessment of the ability and intent to hold these securities considers liquidity needs, asset / liability management objectives and securities portfolio objectives. Factors considered when assessing recovery include forecasts of general economic conditions and specific performance of the issuer, analyst ratings, and credit spreads for preferred stocks which have debt-like characteristics. 24 Income Taxes Determination of income tax expense and related assets and liabilities is complex and requires estimates and judgments when applying tax laws, rules, regulations and interpretations. It also requires judgments as to future earnings and the timing of future events. Accrued income taxes represent an estimate of net amounts due to or from taxing jurisdictions based upon these estimates, interpretations and judgments. Management evaluates the Company's current tax expense or benefit based upon estimates of taxable income, tax credits and statutory tax rates. Annually, we file tax returns with each jurisdiction where we conduct business and adjust recognized income tax expense or benefit to filed tax returns. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon the differences between the values of assets and liabilities as recognized in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion of the entire deferred tax asset may not be realized based on taxes previously paid in net loss carry-back periods and other factors. We also recognize the benefit of uncertain income tax positions when based upon all relevant evidence it is more-likely-than- not that our position would prevail upon examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation, based upon the technical merits of the position. Unrecognized tax benefits, including estimated interest and penalties, are part of our current accrued income tax liability. Estimated penalties and interest are recognized in income tax expense. Income tax expense in future periods may decrease if an uncertain tax position is favorably resolved, generally upon completion of an examination by the taxing authorities, expiration of a statute of limitations, or changes in facts and circumstances. 25 Results of Operations Net Interest Revenue and Net Interest Margin Net interest revenue is the interest earned on debt securities, loans and other interest-earning assets less interest paid for interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings. The net interest margin is calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest revenue by average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference between the average rate earned on interest- earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is typically greater than net interest spread due to interest income earned on assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities such as demand deposits and equity. Tax-equivalent net interest revenue totaled $676.1 million for 2014 compared to $684.8 million for 2013. Net interest margin was 2.68% for 2014 and 2.80% for 2013. Tax-equivalent net interest revenue decreased $8.6 million compared to the prior year. Net interest revenue decreased $32.4 million primarily due to a continued narrowing of loan yields during the year, partially offset by a $23.8 million increase in net interest revenue from growth in average earning assets. Growth in average loans was partially offset by a decrease in average securities balances. Table 2 shows the effects on net interest revenue of changes in average balances and interest rates for the various types of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, see the Annual and Quarterly Financial Summary of consolidated daily average balances, yields and rates following the Consolidated Financial Statements. The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets was 2.95% for 2014 compared to 3.09% in 2013. Loan yields decreased 29 basis points compared to the prior year. Spreads have narrowed primarily due to market pricing pressure on our loan portfolio. The available for sale securities portfolio yield decreased 2 basis points to 1.95%. Cash flows received from payments on residential mortgage-backed securities are currently being reinvested in short-duration securities that are yielding 1.50% to 1.75%. Funding costs were down 2 basis points compared to 2013. The cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 4 basis points and the cost of other borrowed funds increased 3 basis points largely due to the mix of funding sources. In the present low interest rate environment, our ability to further decrease funding costs is limited. Average earning assets for 2014 increased $537 million or 2% over 2013. Average loans, net of allowance for loan losses, increased $1.1 billion due primarily to growth in average commercial loans. The average balance of available for sale securities, which consists largely of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, decreased $1.2 billion. We purchase securities to supplement earnings and to manage interest rate risk. We began to pro-actively shrink the size of our securities portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2013 to better position the balance sheet for an environment of rising longer-term rates. Our outlook for earning assets is for continued growth in loan balances, partially offset by a reduction in the securities portfolio balance. We expect the annualized growth rate for loans to be in the low double digits. The resulting shift in earning asset mix should be supportive of the net interest margin. The average balance of interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased $624 million over the prior year. At the end of August 2014, we increased our borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank by approximately $1.5 billion, earning a small spread by depositing the proceeds in the Federal Reserve. This added $1.0 million to pre-tax net income, while decreasing net interest margin by 5 basis points. Growth in average assets was funded by a $692 million increase in average deposits. Average demand deposit balances increased $597 million over the prior year. Average interest-bearing transaction accounts were up $214 million, partially offset by a $151 million decrease in average time deposits. Average borrowed funds decreased $20 million compared to the prior year. Increased borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks and increased repurchase agreement balances, were offset by a decrease in funds purchased compared to the prior year. Our overall objective is to manage the Company’s balance sheet to be relatively neutral to changes in interest rates as is further described in the Market Risk section of this report. As shown in Table 20, approximately 79% of our commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios are either variable rate loans or fixed rate loans that will re-price within one year. These loans are funded primarily by deposit accounts that are either non-interest bearing, or that re-price more slowly than the loans. The result is a balance sheet that would be asset sensitive, which means that assets generally re-price more quickly than liabilities. Among the strategies that we use to manage toward a relatively rate-neutral position, we purchase fixed rate residential mortgage-backed securities issued primarily by U.S. government agencies and fund them with market rate sensitive liabilities. The liability-sensitive nature of this strategy provides an offset to the asset-sensitive characteristics of our loan portfolio. We also may use derivative instruments to manage our interest rate risk. The effectiveness of these strategies is reflected in the overall change in net interest revenue due to changes in interest rates as shown in Table 2 and in the interest rate sensitivity projections as shown in the Market Risk section of this report. 26 Fourth Quarter 2014 Net Interest Revenue Tax-equivalent net interest revenue totaled $172.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $168.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Net interest margin was 2.61% for the fourth quarter of 2014 and 2.74% for the fourth quarter of 2013. Tax-equivalent net interest revenue increased $3.8 million over the fourth quarter of 2013. Net interest revenue increased $9.3 million primarily due to the growth in average loan balances, partially offset by a decrease in available for sale securities balances. Net interest revenue decreased $5.5 million due primarily to lower loan yields. The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets was 2.86% for the fourth quarter of 2014, down 16 basis points from the fourth quarter of 2013. Loan yields decreased 28 basis points due primarily to continued market pricing pressure. The available for sale securities portfolio yield increased 10 basis points to 1.99%. The yield on interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased 10 basis points to 0.28%. Funding costs were down 3 basis points from the fourth quarter of 2013. The cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 4 basis points and the cost of other borrowed funds increased 6 basis points. The benefit to net interest margin from earning assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities was 14 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2014 and 14 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2013. Average earning assets for the fourth quarter of 2014 increased $1.9 billion over the fourth quarter of 2013. Average loans, net of allowance for loan losses, increased $1.4 billion over the fourth quarter of 2013 due primarily to growth in average commercial loans. Average interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased $1.5 billion due to increased borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank deposited with the Federal Reserve to earn a spread. The average balance of available for sale securities decreased $1.3 billion as we reduced the size of the bond portfolio to better position the balance sheet for a longer- term rising rate environment. Average deposits increased $823 million over the fourth quarter of 2013. Average demand deposit balances increased $618 million and average interest-bearing transaction accounts increased $244 million, partially offset by a $63 million decrease in average time deposit balances. Average borrowed funds increased $1.0 billion over the fourth quarter of 2013 primarily due to increased Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings. 2013 Net Interest Revenue Tax-equivalent net interest revenue for 2013 was $684.8 million compared to $716.9 million for 2012. Net interest margin was 2.80% for 2013 compared to 3.15% for 2012. The decrease in net interest margin was due primarily to cash flows from our securities portfolio being reinvested at lower current market rates, decrease in loan yields due to the renewal of fixed-rate loans at lower current rates and narrowing credit spreads, partially offset by lower funding costs. The tax-equivalent yield on average earning assets decreased 44 basis points from 2012. The available for sale securities portfolio yield was down 47 basis points due to cash flow reinvestment at lower rates. Loan yields decreased 34 basis points due to a combination of renewals of fixed rate loans at lower current rates and narrowing credit spreads. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 13 basis points. The cost of interest-bearing deposits was down 10 basis points and the cost of other borrowed funds was down 4 basis points. The effect of declining net interest margin was offset by increasing average earning assets $1.2 billion during 2013. Growth in average assets was primarily in loans and the available for sale securities portfolio. Growth in average assets was funded by a $717 million increase in average deposit balances and a $631 million increase in average borrowed funds balances. Average demand deposit account balances grew by $500 million and average interest-bearing transaction account balances grew by $483 million, partially offset by a $318 million decrease in average time deposit balances. 27 Table 2 – Volume/Rate Analysis (In thousands) Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2014 / 2013 December 31, 2013 / 2012 Change Due To1 Change Due To1 Change Volume Yield / Rate Change Volume Yield /Rate Tax-equivalent interest revenue: Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents $ 1,674 $ 1,417 $ (176) (813) $ 257 637 $ 130 558 $ 628 409 (498) 149 Trading securities Investment securities: Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total investment securities Available for sale securities: Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Total tax-equivalent interest revenue Interest expense: Transaction deposits Savings deposits Time deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total interest expense Tax-equivalent net interest revenue Change in tax-equivalent adjustment (1,077) 461 (616) (670) 1,281 611 (407) (820) (1,227) (2,588) 723 (1,865) (21,907) (19,705) (2,202) (32,396) (177) (778) (22,084) (20,483) (296) 1,969 1,638 5,413 (12,478) (1,398) (41) (3,442) (507) 80 1,510 (51) (3,849) (8,629) (654) (446) (505) 206 42,410 22,397 382 33 (2,346) (310) 75 780 (6) (1,392) 23,789 601 (1,601) 150 2,474 1,432 (36,997) (34,875) (1,780) (74) (1,096) (197) 5 730 (45) (2,457) (32,418) (218) (32,614) (4,557) 2,780 320 (13,281) (48,529) (3,145) (98) (8,206) (1,247) (505) 1,810 (5,037) (16,428) (32,101) (971) (2,453) 6,142 3,689 14,276 368 14,644 (3,109) 4,114 116 27,590 48,081 622 97 (5,065) (774) (209) 19,298 (494) 13,475 34,606 (135) (5,419) (5,554) (46,672) (586) (47,258) (1,448) (1,334) 204 (40,871) (96,610) (3,767) (195) (3,141) (473) (296) (17,488) (4,543) (29,903) (66,707) Net interest revenue 1 Changes attributable to both volume and yield/rate are allocated to both volume and yield/rate on an equal basis. (33,072) (9,283) $ $ 28 Table 2 – Volume/Rate Analysis (continued) (In thousands) Three Months Ended December 31, 2014 / 2013 Change Due To1 Change Volume Yield / Rate Tax-equivalent interest revenue: Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents $ 1,242 $ Trading securities Investment securities: Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total investment securities Available for sale securities: Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Total tax-equivalent interest revenue Interest expense: Transaction deposits Savings deposits Time deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total interest expense Tax-equivalent net interest revenue Change in tax-equivalent adjustment 429 44 (186) (142) (4,342) 153 (4,189) 161 1,080 850 4,461 3,892 (238) 1 (810) (131) 4 1,238 16 80 3,812 (392) $ 898 191 87 (83) 4 (6,303) (212) (6,515) 105 727 1,050 13,806 10,266 154 8 (255) (134) 39 1,174 — 986 9,280 344 238 (43) (103) (146) 1,961 365 2,326 56 353 (200) (9,345) (6,374) (392) (7) (555) 3 (35) 64 16 (906) (5,468) Net interest revenue 1 Changes attributable to both volume and yield/rate are allocated to both volume and yield/rate on an equal basis. 3,420 $ 29 Other Operating Revenue Other operating revenue was $612.7 million for 2014 compared to $614.5 million for 2013. Fees and commissions revenue increased $17.5 million or 3% over 2013. The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased other operating revenue by $3.7 million in 2014 and increased other operating revenue by $2.2 million in 2013. Net gains on available for sale securities were $9.2 million less than net gains recognized in 2013. Other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized in earnings in 2014 were $1.9 million less than charges recognized in 2013. Table 3 – Other Operating Revenue (In thousands) Brokerage and trading revenue Transaction card revenue Fiduciary and asset management revenue Deposit service charges and fees Mortgage banking revenue Bank-owned life insurance Other revenue Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 $ 134,437 $ 125,478 $ 126,930 $ 104,181 $ 101,471 123,689 115,652 90,911 109,093 9,086 38,451 116,823 107,985 116,757 96,082 95,110 80,053 98,917 121,934 169,302 10,155 38,262 11,089 34,604 73,290 95,872 91,643 11,280 34,070 112,302 68,976 103,611 87,600 12,066 30,368 Total fees and commissions revenue 621,319 603,844 628,880 527,093 516,394 Gain (loss) on other assets, net Gain (loss) on derivatives, net Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Gain on available for sale securities, net Total other-than-temporary impairment Portion of loss recognized in (reclassified from) other comprehensive income Net impairment losses recognized in earnings (6,346) 2,776 10,189 (16,445) 1,539 (373) — (373) (925) (4,367) (15,212) 22,720 10,720 (2,574) 266 (2,308) (1,415) (301) 9,230 (9,210) 33,845 (1,144) (6,207) (7,351) 4,156 2,686 24,413 (40,447) 34,144 (10,578) (12,929) (23,507) (4,011) 4,271 7,331 3,661 21,882 (29,960) 2,151 (27,809) Total other operating revenue $ 612,659 $ 614,472 $ 653,678 $ 528,538 $ 521,719 Fees and commissions revenue Diversified sources of fees and commissions revenue are a significant part of our business strategy and represented 48% of total revenue for 2014, excluding provision for credit losses and gains and losses on asset sales, securities and derivatives and the change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. We believe that a variety of fee revenue sources provide an offset to changes in interest rates, values in the equity markets, commodity prices and consumer spending, all of which can be volatile. As an example of this strength, many of the economic factors that have caused net interest revenue compression such as falling interest rates may also drive growth in our mortgage banking revenue. We expect continued growth in other operating revenue through offering new products and services and by further development of our presence in markets outside of the state of Oklahoma. However, current and future economic conditions, regulatory constraints, increased competition and saturation in our existing markets could affect the rate of future increases. Brokerage and trading revenue, which includes revenues from securities trading, retail brokerage, customer hedging and investment banking increased $9.0 million over the prior year. Revenue in 2013 was reduced $8.7 million from changes in the fair value of our trading securities inventory due to sharp increases in interest rates. The following discussion excludes inventory adjustment charges. Securities trading revenue totaled $40.7 million for 2014, a decrease of $2.3 million or 5% compared to the prior year. Securities trading revenue represents net realized and unrealized gains primarily related to sales of U.S. government securities, residential mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and municipal securities to institutional customers. 30 Customer hedging revenue is based primarily on realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of derivative contracts held for customer risk management programs. As more fully discussed under Customer Derivative Programs in Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements, we offer commodity, interest rate, foreign exchange and equity derivatives to our customers. Customer hedging revenue totaled $37.8 million for 2014, a decrease of $4.2 million or 10% compared to 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in revenue from derivative contracts sold to our mortgage banking and energy customers, partially offset by revenue growth related to increased volumes of foreign exchange contracts. The Company received recoveries from the Lehman Brothers and MF Global bankruptcies of $2.2 million during 2014 and $2.4 million during 2013. Revenue earned from retail brokerage transactions totaled $34.0 million for 2014, largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Retail brokerage revenue is primarily based on fees and commissions earned on sales of fixed income securities, annuities and mutual funds to retail customers. Revenue is primarily based on the volume of customer transactions. The number of transactions typically increases with market volatility and decreases with market stability. Investment banking, which includes fees earned upon completion of underwriting, financial advisory services and loan syndication fees, grew to $21.9 million for 2014, an increase of $6.8 million or 45% over 2013 related to the timing and volume of completed transactions. Transaction card revenue depends largely on the volume and amount of transactions processed, the number of TransFund automated teller machine (“ATM”) locations and the number of merchants served. Transaction card revenue totaled $123.7 million for 2014, a $6.9 million or 6% increase over 2013. Revenues from the processing of transactions on behalf of the members of our TransFund electronic funds transfer ("EFT") network totaled $63.7 million, up $3.2 million or 5% over 2013, due primarily to increased transaction volumes. The number of TransFund ATM locations totaled 2,080 at December 31, 2014 compared to 1,998 at December 31, 2013. Merchant services fees paid by customers for account management and electronic processing of card transactions totaled $41.2 million, an increase of $3.3 million or 9% over the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher transaction processing volume throughout our geographical footprint. Revenue from interchange fees paid by merchants for transactions processed from debit cards issued by the Company totaled $18.7 million, an increase of $460 thousand or 3% over 2013 on increased transaction volume. Fiduciary and asset management revenue grew $19.6 million or 20% over 2013. The acquisitions of Topeka, Kansas-based GTRUST Financial Corporation in the first quarter of 2014 and Houston, Texas-based MBM Advisors in the second quarter of 2014 added $7.8 million in revenue in 2014 and $2.0 billion of fiduciary assets as of December 31, 2014. The remaining increase was primarily due to the growth in the fair value of fiduciary assets administered by the Company. Fiduciary assets are assets for which the Company possesses investment discretion on behalf of another, or any other similar capacity. The fair value of fiduciary assets administered by the Company totaled $36.0 billion at December 31, 2014 and $30.1 billion at December 31, 2013. In addition to trust fees and commissions where we served as a fiduciary, we also earn fees as administrator to and investment adviser for the Cavanal Hill Funds, a diversified, open-ended investment company established as a business trust under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). The Bank is custodian and BOSC, Inc. is distributor for the Funds. The Funds’ products are offered to customers, employee benefit plans, trusts and the general public in the ordinary course of business. We have voluntarily waived administration fees on the Cavanal Hill money market funds in order to maintain positive yields on these funds in the current low short-term interest rate environment. Waived fees totaled $10.1 million for 2014 compared to $8.2 million for 2013. Deposit service charges and fees decreased $4.2 million or 4% compared to 2013. Overdraft fees totaled $44.7 million for 2014, a decrease of $4.9 million or 10% compared to last year. Commercial account service charge revenue totaled $38.7 million, an increase $1.5 million or 4% over the prior year. Service charges on deposit accounts with a standard monthly fee were $7.4 million, a decrease of $742 thousand or 9% compared to the prior year. 31 Mortgage banking revenue totaled $109.1 million for 2014, compared to $121.9 million for 2013. Mortgage production revenue totaled $61.1 million, a decrease of $18.5 million compared to 2013. While the volume of loans funded for sale and outstanding loan commitments increased, our product mix shifted toward lower margin products. In general, loans originated through retail channels have higher margins than loans originated through correspondent channels and refinanced loans have higher margins than loans to finance home purchases. Approximately 30% of loans originated in 2014 were refinances, down from 43% in 2013. In addition, approximately 44% of loans originated in 2014 were through correspondent channels, up from 31% in 2013. Mortgage loans funded for sale totaled $4.5 billion in 2014, an increase of $395 million or 10% over 2013. The unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans closed but not yet sold of $292 million at December 31, 2014 was $99 million or 52% higher than the prior year. Outstanding commitments to originate mortgage loans increased $262 million or 101% compared to December 31, 2013 to $521 million at December 31, 2014. The cumulative change in the valuation of mortgage loans held for sale and mortgage commitments, net of forward sales contacts was a $4.4 million gain for 2014, compared to a $15.8 million loss for 2013. Mortgage servicing revenue was $48.0 million, an increase of $5.6 million or 13% over the prior year. The outstanding principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others totaled $16.2 billion, a $2.4 billion increase over December 31, 2013. Table 4 – Mortgage Banking Revenue (In thousands) 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 Year Ended December 31, Net realized gains on mortgage loans sold $ 56,696 $ 95,309 $ 115,879 $ 50,812 $ 54,178 Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on mortgage loans held for sale Change in fair value of mortgage loan commitments Change in fair value of forward sales contracts Total mortgage production revenue Servicing revenue Total mortgage revenue 5,357 7,315 (8,307) 61,061 48,032 (10,899) (10,077) 5,212 79,545 42,389 4,720 6,136 2,382 129,117 40,185 $ 109,093 $ 121,934 $ 169,302 $ 6,606 4,345 (9,781) 51,982 39,661 91,643 $ (8,934) 1,755 2,440 49,439 38,161 87,600 Mortgage loans funded for sale $ 4,476,625 $ 4,081,390 $ 3,708,350 $ 2,293,834 $ 2,501,860 Mortgage loan refinances to total funded 30% 43% 60% 53% 57% Outstanding principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others $ 16,162,887 $ 13,718,942 $ 11,981,624 $ 11,300,986 $ 11,194,582 Outstanding mortgage loan commitments 520,829 258,873 356,634 189,770 138,870 2014 2013 December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Net gains on securities, derivatives and other assets We recognized $1.5 million of net gains from sales of $2.7 billion of available for sale securities in 2014. We recognized $10.7 million of net gains from sales of $2.4 billion of available for sale securities in 2013. Securities were sold either because they had reached their expected maximum potential or to move into securities that will perform better in a rising rate environment. We also maintain a portfolio of residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and interest rate derivative contracts designated as an economic hedge of the changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights. The fair value of our mortgage servicing rights fluctuate due to changes in prepayment speeds and other assumptions as more fully described in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. As benchmark mortgage rates increase, prepayment speeds slow and the value of our mortgage servicing rights increases. As benchmark mortgage rates fall, prepayment speeds increase and the value of our mortgage servicing rights decreases. 32 Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are highly dependent on changes in primary mortgage rates, rates offered to borrowers, and assumptions about servicing revenues, servicing costs and discount rates. Changes in the fair value of residential mortgage-backed securities and interest rate derivative contracts are highly dependent on changes in secondary mortgage rates, or rates required by investors. While primary and secondary mortgage rates generally move in the same direction, the spread between them may widen and narrow due to market conditions and government intervention. Changes in the spread between the primary and secondary rates can cause significant earnings volatility. Additionally, the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are dependent on short-term interest rates that affect the value of custodial funds. Changes in the spread between short-term and long-term interest rates can also cause significant earnings volatility. Table 5 following shows the relationship between changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights and the fair value of fair value option residential mortgage-backed securities and interest rate derivative contracts designated as an economic hedge. Table 5 – Gain (Loss) on Mortgage Servicing Rights, Net of Economic Hedge (In thousands) 2014 Year Ended December 31, 2011 2012 2013 2010 Gain (loss) on mortgage hedge derivative contracts, net $ 2,776 $ (5,080) $ 116 $ 2,974 $ 4,425 Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net Gain (loss) on economic hedge of mortgage servicing rights 10,003 12,779 (15,436) (20,516) 7,793 7,909 24,413 27,387 Gain (loss) on change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights (16,445) 22,720 (9,210) (40,447) 7,331 11,756 (8,171) 1 Gain (loss) on changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges $ (3,666) $ 2,204 $ (1,301) $ (13,060) $ 3,585 Net interest revenue on fair value option securities2 $ 3,253 $ 3,290 $ 7,811 $ 17,650 $ 19,043 Average primary residential mortgage interest rate 4.17% 3.99% 3.66% Average secondary residential mortgage interest rate 1 Excludes $11.8 million day-one pretax gain on the purchase of mortgage servicing rights in the first quarter of 2010. 2 Actual interest earned on fair value option securities less internal transfer-priced cost of funds. 3.22% 3.05% 2.52% 4.45% 3.71% 4.69% 3.96% Primary rates disclosed in Table 5 above represent rates generally available to borrowers on 30 year conforming mortgage loans. Secondary rates represent rates generally paid on 30 year residential mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Net losses on other assets totaled $6.3 million for 2014. Losses on certain alternative investments in limited partnerships that invest in low-income housing projects, for which the investment return is primarily in the form of tax credits, were $9.9 million for 2014. In addition, the fair value of certain alternative investments held as a hedge of a deferred compensation liability were adjusted downward by $1.7 million and a $1.5 million charge was taken against a merchant-banking investment accounted for under the equity method. These losses were partially offset by a $6.6 million gain on underlying investments held by two consolidated private equity funds. These gains are largely attributed to non-controlling interests. Fourth Quarter 2014 Other Operating Revenue Other operating revenue was $150.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $147.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Fees and commissions revenue increased $15.5 million. The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased operating revenue $6.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to adding $2.1 million to operating revenue for the fourth quarter of 2013. Net gains on sales of available for sale securities were $1.5 million less than the prior year. A $373 thousand other-than-temporary impairment charge was recognized in earnings in the fourth quarter of 2014. No other-than-temporary impairment charges were recognized in the fourth quarter of 2013. Brokerage and trading revenue increased $2.1 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2013. Securities trading revenue totaled $9.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2014, an increase $1.3 million. Customer hedging revenue totaled $10.0 million, a decrease of $1.1 million compared to the prior year. The fourth quarter of 2014 included $562 thousand of recoveries from the Lehman bankruptcy and the fourth quarter of 2013 included $1.5 million from the Lehman and MF Global bankruptcies. Revenue earned from retail brokerage transactions was $5.8 million, a $1.3 million decrease compared to the fourth quarter of 33 2013. Investment banking revenue totaled $5.5 million, a $3.2 million increase over the fourth quarter of 2013 related to the timing and volume of completed transactions. Transaction card revenue for the fourth quarter of 2014 increased $2.3 million or 8% over the fourth quarter of 2013, primarily due to a $1.2 million increase in revenue from processing transactions on behalf of members of the TransFund EFT network and a $1.0 million increase in merchant services fees. Revenues from the processing of transactions on behalf of the members of our TransFund EFT network totaled $16.3 million, merchant services fees totaled $10.4 million and revenue from interchange fees paid by merchants for transactions processed from debit cards issued by the Company totaled $4.8 million. Fiduciary and asset management revenue increased $5.6 million over the fourth quarter of 2013 to $30.6 million primarily due to a $2.8 million increase related to the acquisitions of GTRUST Financial Corporation and MBM Advisors during 2014. The remaining growth was due to an increase in the fair value of assets managed. Waived administration fees on the Cavanal Hill money market funds totaled $2.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $2.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Deposit service charges and fees were $22.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $23.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Overdraft fees decreased $1.4 million to $10.8 million. Commercial account service charge revenue totaled $9.9 million, an increase of $629 thousand over the prior year. Service charges on deposit accounts with a standard monthly fee were $1.9 million, a decrease of $141 thousand compared to the fourth quarter of 2013. Mortgage banking revenue was $30.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $21.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2013. Average primary mortgage interest rates were approximately 40 basis points lower in the fourth quarter of 2014 compared with the fourth quarter of 2013 which increased both loan production volume and refinancing activity. Mortgage loans funded for sale totaled $1.3 billion in the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $849 million in the fourth quarter of 2013. Mortgage loan refinances represented 37% of total loans funded during the fourth quarter of 2014, compared to 29% in the fourth quarter of 2013. Loans originated by our correspondent channel increased to 44% of total loans funded during the fourth quarter of 2014 from 39% of total loans funded in the fourth quarter of 2013. Outstanding mortgage loan commitments increased $262 million and the unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans held for sale increased $104 million. For the fourth quarter of 2014, changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights decreased operating revenue by $10.8 million, partially offset by a net gain of $4.8 million on fair value option securities and derivative contracts held as an economic hedge. For the fourth quarter of 2013, changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights increased operating revenue by $6.1 million, partially offset by a $3.9 million net loss on fair value option securities and derivative contracts held as an economic hedge. 2013 Other Operating Revenue Other operating revenue totaled $614.5 million for 2013, compared to $653.7 million for 2012. Fees and commissions revenue deceased $25.0 million. The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, increased operating revenue in 2013 by $2.2 million and decreased operating revenue $1.3 million in 2012. Net gains on sales of available for sale securities were $10.7 million for 2013 compared to $33.8 million for 2012. Other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized in earnings were $5.0 million less than charges recognized in 2012. Brokerage and trading revenue for 2013 was largely unchanged compared to 2012. Excluding the $8.7 million impact of the fair value adjustment to our trading securities inventory due to a sharp increase in interest rates during 2013, securities trading revenue decreased $1.2 million. Customer hedging revenue increased $3.8 million. Customer hedging revenue for 2012 included a $3.4 million recovery from the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and 2011 included $4.4 million of credit losses. Retail brokerage revenue increased $4.3 million and investment banking revenue increased $299 thousand. Transaction card revenue grew by $8.8 million over 2012 primarily due to TransFund network transaction volume growth and higher merchant services transaction volumes. Fiduciary and asset management fees increased $16.0 million due to a full year of results from the acquisition of The Milestone Group in the third quarter of 2012 and growth in the fair value of fiduciary assets. Deposit service charges and fees decreased $3.8 million primarily due to lower overdraft fees partially offset by increased commercial account service charges. Mortgage banking revenue decreased $47.4 million compared to 2012 primarily due to an overall narrowing of gain on sale margins and a shift in product mix towards loans with lower margins. Gain (loss) on other assets, net included a $1.4 million impairment charge in 2013 based on the expectation that the Company will be required to divest some or all of its interests in private equity funds due to the Volcker Rule. An indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is general partner of two private equity funds and other subsidiaries of the Company hold investments in unrelated private equity funds. 34 Other Operating Expense Other operating expense for 2014 totaled $847.5 million, a $6.9 million or 1% increase over the prior year. The Company's investment in risk management and regulatory compliance resulted in a $16.7 million increase, primarily in personnel, professional fees and services and data processing and communications expense for the year. Capital expenditures totaled $5.7 million, which will result in increased depreciation expense generally over the next five years. The Company expects an additional $8 to $10 million of costs during 2015 related to enhancement of our risk management and regulatory compliance systems. During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company announced the discontinuation of the grocery store branch model, resulting in 28 in-store branch closures during the first quarter of 2015. The decision comes as consumer trends lean more towards use of digital banking for everyday transactions and banking center visits for in-person advice or consultation. Approximately $4.9 million was expensed in the fourth quarter related to the announced closures, primarily related to facilities and employee costs. Personnel expenses decreased $28.3 million or 6% compared to the prior year primarily due to the adjustment of amounts payable under the 2011 True-Up Plan. This adjustment was partially offset by the addition of wealth management, risk and compliance personnel during the year. Non-personnel expenses increased $35.2 million or 10% over the prior year due to increased professional fees and services and data processing and communications expense. Net occupancy and equipment costs also increased over the prior year and included $4.1 million of branch closure costs. Table 6 – Other Operating Expense (In thousands) Regular compensation Incentive compensation: Cash-based compensation Share-based compensation Deferred compensation Total incentive compensation Employee benefits Total personnel expense Business promotion Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation Professional fees and services Net occupancy and equipment Insurance Data processing & communications Printing, postage and supplies Net losses & operating expenses of repossessed assets Amortization of intangible assets Mortgage banking costs Other expense Total other operating expense Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 $ 298,420 $ 279,493 $ 262,736 $ 247,945 $ 238,690 111,748 10,875 (13,692) 108,931 69,580 476,931 26,649 4,267 44,440 77,232 18,578 117,049 13,518 6,019 3,965 29,881 28,993 110,871 116,718 8,189 32,083 151,143 74,589 505,225 22,598 2,062 32,552 69,773 16,122 106,075 13,885 5,160 3,428 31,088 32,652 9,668 27,502 153,888 74,409 491,033 23,338 2,062 34,015 66,726 15,356 98,904 14,228 20,528 2,927 44,334 26,912 97,222 9,995 10,563 117,780 64,261 429,986 20,549 4,000 28,798 64,611 16,799 97,976 14,085 23,715 3,583 37,621 37,575 91,219 8,338 4,426 103,983 59,191 401,864 17,726 — 30,217 63,969 24,320 87,752 13,665 34,483 5,336 43,172 31,477 $ 847,522 $ 840,620 $ 840,363 $ 779,298 $ 753,981 Average number of employees (full-time equivalent) 4,679 4,683 4,614 4,474 4,394 35 Personnel expense Regular compensation expense, which consists of salaries and wages, overtime pay and temporary personnel costs, increased $18.9 million or 7% over 2013. Although the average number of employees was largely unchanged compared to the prior year, recent additions have been higher-costing wealth management, compliance and risk management positions. Growth in these positions was partially offset by a decrease in the average number of employees in consumer banking. Standard annual merit increases in regular compensation, which averaged 2.5%, were effective for the majority of our staff March 1. In addition, $800 thousand was expensed in 2014 related to branch closure costs. Incentive compensation decreased $42.2 million compared to 2013. Cash-based incentive compensation plans are either intended to provide current rewards to employees who generate long-term business opportunities for the Company based on growth in loans, deposits, customer relationships and other measurable metrics or intended to compensate employees with commissions on completed transactions. Total cash-based incentive compensation was largely unchanged compared to 2013. Shared-based compensation expense represents expense for equity awards based on the grant-date fair value and is largely unaffected by subsequent changes in fair value. Share-based compensation expense for equity awards increased $2.7 million or 33% over 2013. Non-vested shares awarded prior to 2013 generally cliff vest in 5 years. Non-vested shares awarded since January 1, 2013 generally cliff vest in 3 years and are subject to a two year holding period after vesting. Deferred compensation expense for 2014 included a $12.6 million net reduction in the accrual for amounts payable to certain executive officers of the Company under the 2011 True-Up Plan. Approved by shareholders on April 26, 2011, the True-Up Plan was designed to adjust annual and long-term performance-based incentive compensation for certain senior executives either upward or downward based on the earnings per share performance and compensation of comparable senior executives at peer banks for 2006 through 2013. The peer group of banks was based on asset size and included an equal number of publicly- traded SEC registered bank holding companies with the Company being the median bank. Based on the annual Form 10-K and proxy statements filed by our peer banks in the first quarter of 2014, the composition of the peer group and the compensation levels of comparable senior executives used in determining the amounts payable both changed. These changes reduced the required accrual for the 2011 True-Up Plan to $56 million, which was paid in 2014. Expense accrual for the 2011 True-Up Plan in 2013 was $28.4 million. Deferred compensation expense also included amounts indexed to investment performance. Certain executive officers were permitted to defer recognition of taxable income from their share-based compensation. Deferred compensation expense included a $996 thousand reduction in the accrual in 2014. Deferred compensation expense accrued in 2013 was $3.6 million. Substantially all of this deferred compensation was distributed in 2014. Employee benefit expense decreased $5.0 million or 7% compared to 2013. Employee medical costs totaled $21.5 million, a $4.8 million or 18% decrease compared to the prior year. The Company self-insures a portion of its employee health care coverage and these costs may be volatile. Payroll tax expense increased $915 thousand over 2013 to $27.5 million. Employee retirement plan costs totaled $18.6 million, up $427 thousand and pension expense was $664 thousand, down $1.4 million compared to the prior year. Non-personnel operating expenses Non-personnel expenses increased $35.2 million or 10% over the prior year. Professional fees and services expense increased $11.9 million or 37% over the prior year primarily due to increased risk management and regulatory compliance costs. Data processing and communications expense increased $11.0 million or 10% primarily related to increased transaction activity costs. Net occupancy and equipment expense increased $7.5 million or 11%, including $4.1 million of branch closure costs. All other non-personnel operating expenses were up $4.9 million, net. Fourth Quarter 2014 Operating Expenses Other operating expense for the fourth quarter of 2014 totaled $225.9 million, a $10.5 million increase over the fourth quarter of 2013. 36 Personnel expense was largely unchanged compared to the fourth quarter of 2013. Regular compensation expense increased $6.3 million over the fourth quarter of 2013 as we continue to invest in higher-costing positions and the fourth quarter of 2014 included $800 thousand of branch closure costs. Incentive compensation decreased $3.6 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2013. The fourth quarter of 2013 included a $4.5 million accrual related to the 2011 True-Up Plan. Employee benefit expense decreased $2.7 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2013 primarily due to a decrease in employee medical insurance claim expense. Non-personnel expenses increased $10.4 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2013 including $4.1 million of branch closure costs accrued in the fourth quarter of 2014. The Company made a $1.8 million contribution of developed commercial real estate to the BOKF Foundation during the fourth quarter of 2014. This contribution also resulted in an $822 thousand reduction in income tax expense. Mortgage banking costs were up due to increased prepayments of loans serviced for others and accruals for loan servicing costs and increased data processing and communication expense due to transaction growth. These increases were partially offset by decreased net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets. 2013 Operating Expenses Other operating expense totaled $840.6 million for 2013, largely unchanged compared to 2012. Personnel expense increased $14.2 million. Regular compensation expense totaled $279.5 million, up $16.8 million primarily due to the investment in higher-costing wealth management, compliance and risk management positions. Incentive compensation expense decreased $2.7 million. Cash-based incentive compensation decreased $5.8 million. Share-based compensation expense decreased $1.5 million and deferred compensation expense increased $4.6 million, primarily due to accruals for the 2011 True-Up Plan. Employee benefit expense was largely unchanged compared to 2012. Non-personnel expense for 2013 was $13.9 million lower than 2012. Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets decreased $15.4 million compared to the prior year. Mortgage banking costs decreased $13.2 million primarily due to lower provisions for potential losses related to repurchases of loans sold to U.S. government agencies that no longer qualify for sale accounting. Data processing and communications expense increased $7.2 million primarily related to increased transaction activity costs. All other non-personnel operating expenses were up $7.5 million. Income Taxes Income tax expense was $134.9 million or 31% of book taxable income for 2014, $157.3 million or 33% of book taxable income for 2013 and $188.7 million or 35% of book taxable income for 2012. Income tax expense decreased in 2014 and 2013 due to lower pre-tax book income and higher tax-exempt revenue and tax credits. Tax expense currently payable totaled $95 million in 2014, $140 million in 2013 and $179 million in 2012. The statute of limitations expired on an uncertain tax position and the Company adjusted its current income tax liability to amounts on filed tax returns for 2013 in 2014, 2012 in 2013 and 2011 in 2012. Excluding these adjustments income tax expense would have been $137 million or 32% for 2014, $159 million or 33% of book taxable income for 2013 and $190 million or 35% of book taxable income for 2012. Net deferred tax liabilities totaled $7.2 million at December 31, 2014 and net deferred tax assets totaled $96 million at December 31, 2013. The change from a net deferred tax asset to a net deferred tax liability was primarily due to the tax effect of unrealized gains on available for sale securities. We have evaluated the recoverability of our deferred tax assets based on taxes previously paid in net loss carry-back periods and other factors and determined that no valuation allowance was required in 2014 and 2013. The allowance for uncertain tax positions totaled $13 million at December 31, 2014 and $12 million at December 31, 2013. BOK Financial operates in numerous jurisdictions, which requires judgment regarding the allocation of income, expense and earnings under various laws and regulations of each of these taxing jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction may audit our tax returns and may take different positions with respect to these allocations. Income tax expense was $28.2 million or 30% of book taxable income for the fourth quarter of 2014 compared to $35.3 million or 32% of book taxable income for the fourth quarter of 2013. 37 Table 7 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (In thousands, except per share data) Interest revenue Interest expense Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Fees and commissions revenue Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Other-than-temporary impairment losses Other operating revenue Personnel expense Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets Other non-personnel expense Total other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 2014 First Second Third Fourth $ 179,120 $ 182,631 $ 183,868 $ 186,620 16,478 162,642 — 16,534 166,097 — 17,077 166,791 — 16,956 169,664 — 162,642 166,097 166,791 169,664 140,863 164,054 158,547 604 (4,461) — 4,959 (6,444) — (780) 5,281 — 157,855 3,375 (10,821) (373) 137,006 162,569 163,048 150,036 104,433 123,714 123,043 1,432 79,239 1,118 89,875 4,966 93,825 185,104 214,707 221,834 114,544 113,959 108,005 37,501 77,043 453 37,230 76,729 834 31,879 76,126 494 125,741 (1,497) 101,633 225,877 93,823 28,242 65,581 1,263 Net income attributable to shareholders of BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 76,590 $ 75,895 $ 75,632 $ 64,318 Earnings per share: Basic Diluted Average shares: Basic Diluted $ $ 1.11 1.11 $ $ 1.10 1.10 $ $ 1.09 1.09 $ $ 0.93 0.93 68,274 68,436 68,360 68,511 68,456 68,610 68,482 68,616 38 Table 7 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (continued) (In thousands, except per share data) Interest revenue Interest expense Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Fees and commissions revenue Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Other-than-temporary impairment losses Other operating revenue Personnel expense Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets Other non-personnel expense Total other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests Net income attributable to shareholders of BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 2013 First Second Third Fourth $ 190,046 $ 186,777 $ 185,428 $ 183,120 18,594 171,452 (8,000) 179,452 17,885 168,892 — 168,892 17,539 167,889 (8,500) 176,389 16,876 166,244 (11,400) 177,644 157,064 159,173 145,235 142,372 1,210 2,658 (247) (9,596) 14,315 (552) 160,685 163,340 52 (346) (1,509) 143,432 (1,450) 6,093 — 147,015 125,654 128,110 125,799 125,662 1,246 77,082 203,982 136,155 47,096 89,059 1,095 87,964 $ 282 82,529 210,921 121,311 41,423 2,014 82,485 1,618 88,139 210,298 215,419 109,523 33,461 79,888 $ 76,062 $ (43) 79,931 324 75,738 109,240 35,318 73,922 946 72,976 $ $ 1.28 1.28 1.16 1.16 $ $ 1.10 1.10 $ $ 1.06 1.06 $ $ $ $ Earnings per share: Basic Diluted Average shares: Basic Diluted 67,815 68,040 67,994 68,212 68,049 68,273 68,095 68,294 39 Lines of Business We operate three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products for small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial banking also includes the TransFund EFT network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposits services to small business served through our consumer branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides fiduciary services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities. In addition to our lines of business, we have a Funds Management unit. The primary purpose of this unit is to manage our overall liquidity needs and interest rate risk. Each line of business borrows funds from and provides funds to the Funds Management unit as needed to support their operations. Operating results for Funds Management and other include the effect of interest rate risk positions and risk management activities, securities gains and losses including impairment charges, the provision for credit losses in excess of net loans charged off, tax planning strategies and certain executive compensation costs that are not attributed to the lines of business. We allocate resources and evaluate the performance of our lines of business using the net direct contribution which includes the allocation of funds, actual net credit losses and capital costs. In addition, we measure the performance of our business lines after allocations of certain direct expenses and taxes based on statutory rates. Corporate expense allocations were updated in 2014 and the prior periods have been revised on a comparable basis. The cost of funds borrowed from the Funds Management unit by the operating lines of business is transfer priced at rates that approximate market rates for funds with similar duration. Market rates are generally based on the applicable LIBOR or interest rate swap rates, adjusted for prepayment risk. This method of transfer-pricing funds that support assets of the operating lines of business tends to insulate them from interest rate risk. The value of funds provided by the operating lines of business to the Funds Management unit is also based on rates which approximate wholesale market rates for funds with similar duration and re-pricing characteristics. Market rates are generally based on LIBOR or interest rate swap rates. The funds credit formula applied to deposit products with indeterminate maturities is established based on their re-pricing characteristics reflected in a combination of the short-term LIBOR rate and a moving average of an intermediate term swap rate, with an appropriate spread applied to both. Shorter duration products are weighted towards the short term LIBOR rate and longer duration products are weighted towards the intermediate swap rates. The expected duration ranges from 30 days for certain rate-sensitive deposits to five years. Economic capital is assigned to the business units by a capital allocation model that reflects management’s assessment of risk. This model assigns capital based upon credit, operating, interest rate and market risk inherent in our business lines and recognizes the diversification benefits among the units. The level of assigned economic capital is a combination of the risk taken by each business line, based on its actual exposures and calibrated to its own loss history where possible. Average invested capital includes economic capital and amounts we have invested in the lines of business. As shown in Table 8 following, net income attributable to our lines of business decreased $6.9 million or 3% compared to the prior year. The decrease in net income attributed to our lines of business was due primarily to an $18.2 million increase in personnel expense and a $17.2 million increase in non-personnel expense due to transaction growth and increased risk management and regulatory compliance costs. These increased costs were partially offset by a $17.3 million increase in net interest revenue primarily related to commercial loan growth, a $4.3 million decrease in net loans charged off, and an $18.7 million increase in fees and commission revenue. The decrease in net income provided by Funds Management was largely due to a negative provision being recorded in the prior year, lower net interest revenue on our securities portfolio partially offset by a net decrease in our allowance for loan losses and lower net interest revenue as the average balance of the securities portfolio was allowed to decrease to reposition the balance sheet in anticipation of rising interest rates. Funds Management and other also included $4.9 million that was accrued during 2014 related to the closure of 29 in-store branches during the first quarter of 2015. This accrual will be reversed and actual costs related to these closures will be attributed to the Consumer Banking segment in 2015. 40 Table 8 – Net Income by Line of Business (In thousands) Commercial Banking Consumer Banking Wealth Management Subtotal Funds Management and other Total Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 166,081 $ 149,561 $ 136,439 36,885 21,441 224,407 68,028 64,585 17,130 231,276 85,333 79,014 22,104 237,557 113,634 $ 292,435 $ 316,609 $ 351,191 41 Commercial Banking Commercial Banking contributed $166.1 million to consolidated net income in 2014, up $16.5 million or 11% over the prior year. Net interest revenue grew by $25.4 million as the balance of average commercial loans increased $1.1 billion or 11%. Net loans charged off were down $3.1 million compared to 2013. Fees and commission revenue increased $11.6 million or 7% over the prior year primarily due to growth in transaction card revenues. Other operating expense increased $11.4 million or 6% compared to 2013. Personnel expenses increased $4.4 million, non-personnel expenses increased $6.1 million or 8% and corporate expense allocations decreased $3.5 million. Table 9 – Commercial Banking (Dollars in thousands) Net interest revenue from external sources Net interest expense from internal sources Total net interest revenue Net loans charged off (recovered) Net interest revenue after net loans charged off Fees and commissions revenue Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net Other operating revenue Personnel expense Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets Other non-personnel expense Other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate allocations Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Average assets Average loans Average deposits Average invested capital Return on average assets Return on invested capital Efficiency ratio Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 381,687 $ 363,961 $ 366,243 (43,934) 337,753 (7,447) 345,200 171,332 (1,628) 169,704 108,821 6,544 86,383 201,748 313,156 41,338 271,818 105,737 (51,587) 312,374 (4,372) 316,746 159,715 3,491 163,206 104,441 5,618 80,247 190,306 289,646 44,865 244,781 95,220 $ 166,081 $ 149,561 $ 11,384,508 $ 10,386,235 10,712,559 8,887,809 946,383 9,657,793 8,365,466 906,717 $ $ 1.46 % 17.58 % 39.57 % (0.07)% 1.44 % 16.49 % 40.24 % (0.05)% (58,835) 307,408 9,463 297,945 147,009 15,076 162,085 100,257 15,898 76,241 192,396 267,634 44,330 223,304 86,865 136,439 9,844,145 9,069,198 7,783,660 882,036 1.39% 15.47% 42.26% 0.10% Net interest revenue increased $25.4 million or 8% over 2013. Growth in net interest revenue was due to a $1.1 billion increase in average loan balances and a $522 million increase in average deposit balances, partially offset by decreased loan yields. Fees and commissions revenue increased $11.6 million or 7% over 2013. Transaction card revenue generated by the TransFund EFT network increased $7.0 million or 7% due to increased customer transaction volume. Brokerage and trading revenue was up $2.0 million or 21%. The growth in loan syndication revenue was partially offset by lower customer hedging revenue. Commercial deposit service charges and fees increased $1.3 million or 4% over the prior year primarily related to a decrease in the average earnings credit to better align with market interest rates. The average earnings credit is a non-cash method for commercial customers to avoid incurring charges for deposit services based on account balances. 42 Operating expenses increased $11.4 million or 6% over 2013. Personnel costs increased $4.4 million or 4% primarily due to standard annual merit increases and increased incentive compensation. Net losses and operating expenses on repossessed assets increased $926 thousand compared to the prior year. Other non-personnel expenses increased $6.1 million primarily due to higher data processing expenses related to increased transaction card activity. Corporate expense allocations decreased $3.5 million compared to the prior year. The average outstanding balance of loans attributed to Commercial Banking increased $1.1 billion to $10.7 billion for 2014. See the Loans section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition following for additional discussion of changes in commercial and commercial real estate loans which are primarily attributed to the Commercial Banking segment. Commercial Banking experienced a net recovery of $7.4 million for 2014 and a net recovery of $4.4 million or 0.05% of average loans attributed to this line of business for 2013. Average deposits attributed to Commercial Banking were $8.9 billion for 2014, an increase of $522 million or 6% over 2013, led by growth in average demand deposits. Interest-bearing transaction account and time deposit balances also grew over the prior year. Average balances attributed to our commercial & industrial loan customers increased $557 million or 18%. Average balance attributed to our healthcare customer grew by $58 million or 12% over the prior year. Small business banking customer average balances increased $56 million or 5%. Average balances attributed to our healthcare customers grew by $58 million or 12% over the prior year. Average balances attributed to our energy customers decreased $94 million or 6%. Average balances held by treasury services customers decreased $43 million or 3% compared to the prior year. Commercial customers continue to maintain high account balances due to continued economic uncertainty and persistently low yields available on high quality investments. Consumer Banking Consumer banking services are provided through four primary distribution channels: traditional branches, the 24-hour ExpressBank call center, Internet banking and mobile banking. Consumer banking also conducts mortgage banking activities through offices located outside of our consumer banking markets, through correspondent loan originators and through HomeDirect Mortgage, an online origination channel. Consumer banking contributed $36.9 million to consolidated net income for 2014, compared to $64.6 million in the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in mortgage banking revenue. Fees and commission revenue decreased primarily due to mortgage banking revenue and deposit service fee charges. Net interest revenue was lower and operating expenses and corporate expense allocations increased. The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased other operating revenue attributed to Consumer Banking by $3.7 million in 2014 and increased other operating revenue by $2.2 million in 2013. 43 Table 10 – Consumer Banking (Dollars in thousands) Net interest revenue from external sources Net interest revenue from internal sources Total net interest revenue Net loans charged off Net interest revenue after net loans charged off Fees and commissions revenue Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Other operating revenue Personnel expense Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets Other non-personnel expense Total other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate allocations Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Average assets Average loans Average deposits Average invested capital Return on average assets Return on invested capital Efficiency ratio Net charge-offs to average loans Residential mortgage loans funded for sale Banking locations Residential mortgage loans servicing portfolio1 1 Includes outstanding principal for loans serviced for affiliates Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 $ 100,153 $ 102,321 $ 2014 95,910 32,170 128,080 5,405 122,675 196,641 20,619 (16,445) 200,815 96,957 (164) 99,289 196,082 127,408 67,040 60,368 23,483 $ $ $ 36,885 $ 6,555,642 2,368,686 6,520,835 277,404 0.56% 13.30% 56.58% 0.23% 34,850 135,003 5,532 129,471 217,269 (14,653) 22,720 225,336 94,451 (815) 95,463 189,099 165,708 60,005 105,703 41,118 64,585 6,487,255 2,372,253 6,432,498 293,736 1.00% 21.99% 51.30% 0.23% $ $ 36,700 139,021 10,588 128,433 267,218 13,715 (9,210) 271,723 95,477 1,404 109,717 206,598 193,558 64,239 129,319 50,305 79,014 6,498,193 2,407,676 6,367,416 289,665 1.22% 27.28% 49.60% 0.44% $ 4,476,625 $ 4,081,390 $ 3,708,350 December 31, 2014 2013 2012 182 206 217 $ 17,308,212 $ 14,818,016 $ 13,091,482 Net interest revenue from consumer banking activities decreased $6.9 million compared to 2013 primarily due to a $6.1 million decrease in revenue related to a deposit advance product that was phased out during the second quarter of 2014. Average loan balances were largely unchanged compared to the prior year, with growth in permanent residential mortgage loans, partially offset by a decrease in other consumer loans. Net loans charged off by the Consumer Banking unit decreased $127 thousand compared to 2013 to $5.4 million or 0.0023 of average loans. Net consumer banking charge-offs include overdrawn deposit accounts and other consumer loans. 44 Fees and commissions revenue decreased $20.6 million or 9% compared to the prior year. Mortgage banking revenue was down $13.1 million or 11% compared to the prior year. Growth in residential mortgage loan origination volume was offset by changes in the product mix toward more correspondent originations and fewer refinanced loans. Deposit service charges and fees decreased $5.3 million or 9% compared to the prior year primarily due to lower overdraft fees. Operating expenses increased $7.0 million or 4% over 2013. Personnel expenses were up $2.5 million or 3% primarily due to increased incentive compensation expense and standard annual merit increases, partially offset by staffing reductions. Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets were up $651 thousand compared to the prior year. Other non-personnel expense increased $3.8 million or 4%. Professional fees and services expense was up $3.8 million primarily related to higher mortgage compliance costs. Data processing and communications expense increased $2.0 million primarily related to increased transaction activity. Business promotion expense was down $1.4 million and mortgage banking costs decreased $1.2 million compared to the prior year. Corporate expense allocations increased $7.0 million compared to the prior year. Average consumer deposit balances increased $88 million or 1% over the prior year. Average demand deposit balances increased $127 million or 10% and average interest-bearing transaction accounts increased $110 million or 4%. Average savings account balances were up $31 million or 11%. Higher costing time deposit balances decreased $180 million or 10%. Our Consumer Banking division originates, markets and services conventional and government-sponsored residential mortgage loans for all of our geographical markets. We funded $4.6 billion of residential mortgage loans in 2014 compared to $4.3 billion in 2013. Mortgage loan fundings included $4.5 billion of mortgage loans funded for sale in the secondary market and $121 million funded for retention within the consolidated group. Approximately 15% of our mortgage loans funded were in the Oklahoma market and 13% in the Texas market. In addition, 43% of our mortgage loan fundings came from correspondent lenders and 9% of our mortgage loan fundings were from our DirectMortgage online sales channel. At December 31, 2014, the Consumer Banking division serviced $16.2 billion of mortgage loans for others and $1.1 billion of loans retained within the consolidated group. Approximately 86% of the mortgage loans serviced by the Consumer Banking division were to borrowers in our primary geographical market areas. Loans past due 90 days or more totaled $75 million or 0.46% of loans serviced for others at December 31, 2014 compared to $80 million or 0.58% of loans serviced for others at December 31, 2013. Mortgage servicing revenue, including revenue on loans serviced for the consolidated group, increased $4.9 million or 11% over the prior year to $49.8 million. 45 Wealth Management Wealth Management contributed $21.4 million to consolidated net income in 2014, an increase of $4.3 million or 25% over the prior year. Revenue in 2013 was reduced $8.7 million ($5.3 million after tax) from changes in the fair value of our trading securities inventory due to sharp increases in interest rates. The following discussion excludes these inventory adjustment charges. Net interest revenue decreased $1.1 million or 2% primarily due to decreased loan yields. Fees and commissions revenue increased $27.7 million or 13% over the prior year. Other operating expense increased $18.9 million or 10%. Increased fees and commission revenue and operating expense was primarily due to the acquisition of GTRUST Financial Corporation and MBM Advisors during 2014. Table 11 – Wealth Management (Dollars in thousands) Net interest revenue from external sources Net interest revenue from internal sources Total net interest revenue Net loans charged off Net interest revenue after net loans charged off Fees and commissions revenue Loss on financial instruments and other assets, net Other operating revenue Personnel expense Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets Other non-personnel expense Other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate allocations Net income before taxes Federal and state income tax Net income Average assets Average loans Average deposits Average invested capital Return on average assets Return on invested capital Efficiency ratio Net charge-offs to average loans 46 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 23,826 20,578 44,404 213 44,191 240,621 (1,576) 239,045 171,563 329 44,878 216,770 66,466 31,375 35,091 13,650 $ $ 25,478 20,061 45,539 1,275 44,264 27,647 21,456 49,103 2,284 46,819 212,878 (1,223) 211,655 199,406 (2,100) 197,306 160,211 146,066 — 37,679 197,890 58,029 29,993 28,036 10,906 54 31,303 177,423 66,702 30,525 36,177 14,073 $ 21,441 $ 17,130 $ 22,104 $ 4,518,511 $ 4,556,132 $ 4,357,641 985,726 932,229 927,277 4,391,434 4,385,553 4,281,423 193,784 203,914 184,707 0.52% 12.07% 75.90% 0.02% 0.40% 9.00% 76.37% 0.14% 0.52% 12.26% 71.19% 0.25% Our Wealth Management division serves as custodian to or manages assets of customers. Fees are earned commensurate with the level of service provided. We may have sole or joint investment discretion over the assets of the customer or may be fiduciary for the assets, but investment selection authority remains with the customer or a manager outside of the Company. The Wealth Management division also provides safekeeping services for personal and institutional customers including holding of the customer's assets, processing of income and redemptions and other customer recordkeeping and reporting services. We also provide brokerage services for customers whom maintain or delegate investment authority and for which BOK Financial does not have custody of the assets. A summary of assets under management or in custody follows in Table 12. Table 12 – Assets Under Management or In Custody (Dollars in thousands) Fiduciary assets in custody for which BOKF has sole or joint discretionary authority $ Fiduciary assets not in custody for which BOKF has sole or joint discretionary December 31, 2014 14,644,494 2013 12,752,460 $ 2012 $ 10,981,353 authority Non-managed fiduciary assets in custody Total fiduciary assets Assets held in safekeeping Brokerage accounts under BOKF administration Assets under management or in custody 3,324,667 18,028,716 35,997,877 22,952,394 5,653,095 64,603,366 $ 1,728,426 15,656,206 30,137,092 22,087,207 4,882,930 57,107,229 $ 1,659,822 13,187,863 25,829,038 20,994,011 4,402,992 51,226,041 $ Net interest revenue decreased $1.1 million or 2% compared to the prior year. Growth in average assets was largely due to funds sold to the Funds Management unit. Average deposit balances were largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Non- interest-bearing demand deposits increased $48 million, offset by a $46 million decrease in interest-bearing transaction balances. Average loan balances were up $53 million or 6%. The benefit of this growth was partially offset by lower yields. Fees and commissions revenue increased $19.0 million or 9% over the prior year. Fiduciary and asset management revenue increased $19.5 million or 20%. The acquisitions of Topeka, Kansas-based GTRUST Financial Corporation in the first quarter of 2014 and Houston, Texas-based MBM Advisors in the second quarter of 2014 added $7.8 million in revenue in 2014 and $2.0 billion of fiduciary assets as of December 31, 2014. The remaining increase was primarily due to the growth in the fair value of fiduciary assets administered by the Company. Brokerage and trading revenue decreased $1.1 million or 1% compared to the prior year. Investment banking fees grew $3.5 million or 25% over the prior year, offset by a decrease in securities trading revenue. Other operating revenue includes fees earned from state and municipal bond underwriting and financial advisory services, primarily in the Oklahoma and Texas markets. In 2014, the Wealth Management division participated in 422 underwritings that totaled $8.6 billion. As a participant, the Wealth Management division was responsible for facilitating the sale of approximately $2.5 billion of these underwritings. In 2013, the Wealth Management division participated in 456 underwritings that totaled approximately $6.8 billion. Our interest in these underwritings totaled approximately $2.8 billion. The Wealth Management division also participated in 18 corporate debt underwritings during 2014 that totaled $13.0 billion. Our interest in these underwritings was $352 million. Operating expenses increased $18.9 million or 10% over the prior year. Personnel expenses increased $11.4 million or 7% due to expansion of the Wealth Management division during the year, including $4.4 million related to the GTRUST Financial and MBM Advisors acquisitions. Regular compensation costs increased $6.5 million primarily due to increased headcount and annual merit increases. Incentive compensation increased $3.4 million over the prior year. Non-personnel expenses increased $7.2 million or 19%, including $3.3 million to the GTRUST Financial and MBM Advisors acquisitions. Approximately $806 thousand of this increase related to amortization of acquired intangible assets. Corporate expense allocations were up $1.4 million or 5% due primarily to expansion of the Wealth Management business line and increased customer transaction activity. 47 Financial Condition Securities We maintain a securities portfolio to enhance profitability, manage interest rate risk, provide liquidity and comply with regulatory requirements. Securities are classified as trading, held for investment, or available for sale. See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for the composition of the securities portfolio as of December 31, 2014, December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Table 13 – Securities (In thousands) Trading: U.S. Government agency debentures U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total trading securities Investment: Municipal and other tax-exempt securities U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities1 Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for sale: U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: 2014 December 31, 2013 2012 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value $ 85,154 $ 85,092 $ 34,043 $ 34,120 $ 16,602 $ 16,545 30,930 38,933 33,496 188,513 $ 31,199 38,951 33,458 188,700 $ 20,888 27,532 9,142 91,605 $ 21,011 27,350 9,135 91,616 $ 85,914 90,552 20,883 213,951 $ 86,361 90,326 20,870 214,102 405,090 $ 408,344 $ 440,187 439,870 $ 232,700 $ 235,940 35,750 211,520 652,360 1,005 63,018 $ $ 37,463 227,819 673,626 1,005 63,557 $ $ 50,182 187,509 677,878 1,042 73,232 $ $ 51,864 195,393 687,127 1,042 73,775 $ $ 82,767 184,067 499,534 1,000 84,892 $ $ 85,943 206,575 528,458 1,002 87,142 $ $ $ $ U.S. government agencies Private issue 6,549,304 154,360 6,646,884 165,957 7,720,189 214,181 7,716,010 221,099 9,650,650 322,902 9,889,821 325,163 Total residential mortgage-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities: U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Corporate debt securities Other securities Total fair value option securities 6,703,664 6,812,841 7,934,370 7,937,109 9,973,552 10,214,984 2,064,091 9,438 22,171 18,603 $ 8,881,990 2,048,609 9,212 24,277 19,444 $ 8,978,945 2,100,146 35,061 22,171 19,069 $ 10,185,091 2,055,804 35,241 22,863 21,328 $ 10,147,162 890,746 35,680 22,171 24,593 $ 11,032,634 895,075 36,389 25,072 27,557 $ 11,287,221 $ $ 309,973 — — 309,973 $ $ 311,597 — — 311,597 $ $ 165,809 — 9,485 175,294 $ $ 157,431 — 9,694 167,125 $ $ 253,726 25,077 723 279,526 $ $ 257,040 26,486 770 284,296 1 Includes net realized gain of $615 thousand at December 31, 2014, $1.8 million at December 31, 2013 and $5.0 million at December 31, 2012 remaining in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to securities transferred from the available for sale securities portfolio to the investment portfolio in 2011. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion. 48 In addition to the above, restricted equity securities include stock we are required to hold as members of the Federal Reserve system and the Federal Home Loan Banks ("FHLB"). Restricted equity securities are carried at cost as theses securities do not have a readily determined fair value because ownership of these shares are restricted and they lack a market. Federal Reserve Bank stock totaled $35 million at December 31, 2014, $34 million at December 31, 2013 and $34 million at December 31, 2012. Holdings of FHLB stock totaled $106 million at December 31, 2014, $51 million at December 31, 2013 and $31 million at December 31, 2012. Requirements to hold FHLB stock are directly related to borrowings from the FHLB. At December 31, 2014, the carrying value of investment (held-to-maturity) securities was $652 million and the fair value was $674 million. Investment securities consist primarily of intermediate and long-term, fixed rate Oklahoma and Texas municipal bonds, taxable Texas school construction bonds and residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies. The investment security portfolio is diversified among issuers. The largest obligation of any single issuer is $30 million. Substantially all of these bonds are general obligations of the issuers. Approximately $112 million of the Texas school construction bonds are also guaranteed by the Texas Permanent School Fund Guarantee Program supervised by the State Board of Education for the State of Texas. Available for sale securities, which may be sold prior to maturity, are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses, net of deferred taxes, are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. The amortized cost of available for sale securities totaled $8.9 billion at December 31, 2014, a decrease of $1.3 billion compared to December 31, 2013. Available for sale securities consist primarily of U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities and U.S. government agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. Commercial mortgage-backed securities have prepayment penalties similar to commercial loans. At December 31, 2014, residential mortgage-backed securities represented 76% of total available for sale securities. The decrease in amortized cost during the year was primarily due to U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities. A primary risk of holding residential mortgage-backed securities comes from extension during periods of rising interest rates or prepayment during periods of falling interest rates. We evaluate this risk through extensive modeling of risk both before making an investment and throughout the life of the security. Our best estimate of the duration of the combined investment and available for sale securities portfolios at December 31, 2014 is 3.0 years. Management estimates the combined portfolios' duration extends to 3.5 years assuming an immediate 200 basis point upward shock. The estimated combined portfolios' duration contracts to 2.8 years assuming a 50 basis point decline in the current low rate environment. Residential mortgage-backed securities also have credit risk from delinquency or default of the underlying loans. We mitigate this risk by primarily investing in securities issued by U.S. government agencies. Principal and interest payments on the underlying loans are fully guaranteed. At December 31, 2014, approximately $6.5 billion of the amortized cost of the Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities were issued by U.S. government agencies. The fair value of these residential mortgage-backed securities totaled $6.6 billion at December 31, 2014. We also hold amortized cost of $154 million in residential mortgage-backed securities privately issued by publicly-owned financial institutions. The amortized cost of these securities decreased $60 million from December 31, 2013, primarily due to cash received and the sale of $31 million during the year. The fair value of our portfolio of privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities totaled $166 million at December 31, 2014. The amortized cost of our portfolio of privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities included $89 million of Jumbo-A residential mortgage loans and $66 million of Alt-A residential mortgage loans. Jumbo-A residential mortgage loans generally meet government underwriting standards, but have loan balances that exceed agency maximums. Alt-A mortgage loans generally do not have sufficient documentation to meet government agency underwriting standards. Approximately 91% of our Alt-A mortgage-backed securities represent pools of fixed rate residential mortgage loans. None of the adjustable rate mortgages are payment option adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”). Approximately 30% of our Jumbo-A residential mortgage- backed securities represent pools of fixed rate residential mortgage loans and none of the adjustable rate mortgages are payment option ARMs. The aggregate gross amount of unrealized losses on available for sale securities totaled $33 million at December 31, 2014, a decrease of $125 million from December 31, 2013. On a quarterly basis, we perform separate evaluations on debt and equity securities to determine if the unrealized losses are temporary as more fully described in Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other-than-temporary impairment charges of $373 thousand were recognized in earnings in 2014. 49 Certain residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and included in fair value option securities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, have been segregated and designated as economic hedges of changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights. We have elected to carry these securities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in current period income. These securities are held with the intent that gains or losses will offset changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights and related derivative contracts. Bank-Owned Life Insurance We have approximately $294 million of bank-owned life insurance at December 31, 2014. This investment is expected to provide a long-term source of earnings to support existing employee benefit programs. Approximately $262 million is held in separate accounts. Our separate account holdings are invested in diversified portfolios of investment-grade fixed income securities and cash equivalents, including U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, corporate debt, asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The portfolios are managed by unaffiliated professional managers within parameters established in the portfolio’s investment guidelines. The cash surrender value of certain life insurance policies is further supported by a stable value wrap, which protects against changes in the fair value of the investments. At December 31, 2014, the fair value of investments held in separate accounts was approximately $279 million. As the underlying fair value of the investments held in a separate account at December 31, 2014 exceeded the net book value of the investments, no cash surrender value was supported by the stable value wrap. The stable value wrap is provided by a domestic financial institution. The remaining cash surrender value of $32 million primarily represents the cash surrender value of policies held in general accounts and other amounts due from various insurance companies. 50 Loans The aggregate loan portfolio before allowance for loan losses totaled $14.2 billion at December 31, 2014, growing $1.4 billion or 11% over December 31, 2013. Commercial loans have grown by $1.2 billion or 15% due largely to growth in energy, services and healthcare sector loans. Commercial real estate loans increased $313 million or 13%. Growth in loans secured by industrial facilities and multifamily residential property sector loans were partially offset by a decrease in construction and land development loans. Residential mortgage loans decreased $103 million compared to the prior year. The decreased balances in non-guaranteed permanent residential mortgage and home equity loans were partially offset by an increase in permanent residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Consumer loans increased $53 million. Table 14 – Loans (In thousands) Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, $ 2,860,428 $ 2,351,760 $ 2,460,659 $ 2,005,041 $ 1,706,366 2,518,229 1,313,316 532,594 2,282,210 1,201,364 391,751 1,454,969 1,274,246 416,134 441,890 9,095,670 7,943,221 143,591 666,889 415,544 704,298 428,817 369,011 206,258 586,047 411,499 576,502 243,877 391,170 2,164,186 1,106,439 348,484 1,081,406 480,738 7,641,912 253,093 522,786 427,872 402,896 245,994 376,358 1,761,538 1,574,680 967,426 336,733 978,160 506,172 981,047 319,353 843,826 516,124 6,555,070 5,941,396 342,054 509,402 405,923 369,028 278,186 386,710 451,720 420,038 462,758 364,172 178,032 394,141 2,728,150 2,415,353 2,228,999 2,291,303 2,270,861 969,951 1,062,744 1,123,965 1,157,133 1,206,297 205,950 773,611 181,598 807,684 160,444 760,631 184,973 632,421 72,385 556,593 Total residential mortgage 1,949,512 2,052,026 2,045,040 1,974,527 1,835,275 Consumer Total 434,705 381,664 395,505 448,843 595,504 $ 14,208,037 $ 12,792,264 $ 12,311,456 $ 11,269,743 $ 10,643,036 51 Commercial Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten individually and represent on-going relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts receivable, operating equipment, interests in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the customer’s business. Inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies. Energy sector loans increased $509 million or 22% over December 31, 2013. Service sector loans increased $236 million or 10%. Healthcare sector loans increased $181 million or 14%, manufacturing sector loans increased $141 million or 36% and wholesale/retail sector loans increased $112 million or 9%. Table 15 presents our commercial loan portfolio distributed primarily by collateral location. Loans for which the collateral location is less relevant, such as unsecured loans and reserve-based energy loans, are distributed by the borrower’s primary operating location. Table 15 – Commercial Loans by Collateral Location (In thousands) Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arkansas Colorado Arizona Kansas/ Missouri Other Total $ 601,021 $1,366,260 $ 52,307 $ 7,677 $ 376,019 $ 13,099 $ 69,501 $ 374,544 $ 2,860,428 553,393 379,497 166,390 236,730 859,032 210,592 495,929 166,992 38,049 2,499 269,210 114,821 13,731 63,666 12,850 71,301 237,265 190,719 118,632 66,808 28,481 107,324 45,309 53,649 64,242 69,242 38,667 334,865 154,816 63,066 2,518,229 1,313,316 532,594 209,178 382,163 1,454,969 76,609 78,786 12,198 33,046 27,982 7,973 57,869 121,671 416,134 Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial loans $2,013,640 $3,236,209 $430,466 $ 202,271 $ 843,879 $374,991 $ 563,089 $1,431,125 $ 9,095,670 The majority of our commercial portfolio is located within our geographic footprint. The Other category includes two primary locations, Louisiana and California, which represent $175 million or 1.9% of the commercial portfolio and $170 million or 1.9% of the commercial portfolio, respectively at December 31, 2014. All other states individually represent less than one percent of total commercial loans. Supporting the energy industry with loans to producers and other energy-related entities has been a hallmark of the Company since its founding and represents a large portion of our commercial loan portfolio. In addition, energy production and related industries have a significant impact on the economy in our primary markets. Loans collateralized by oil and gas properties are subject to a semi-annual engineering review by our internal staff of petroleum engineers. This review is utilized as the basis for developing the expected cash flows supporting the loan amount. The projected cash flows are discounted according to risk characteristics of the underlying oil and gas properties. Loans are evaluated to demonstrate with reasonable certainty that crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids can be recovered from known oil and gas reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions at current pricing levels and with existing conventional equipment and operating methods and costs. As part of our evaluation of credit quality, we analyze rigorous stress tests over a range of commodity prices and take proactive steps to mitigate risk when appropriate. 52 Energy loans totaled $2.9 billion or 20% of total loans at December 31, 2014. Unfunded energy loan commitments increased by $341 million to $2.9 billion at December 31, 2014. Approximately $2.5 billion or 86% of energy loans were to oil and gas producers, an increase of $435 million over December 31, 2013. Approximately 59% of the committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing oil and 41% of the committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing natural gas. Loans to borrowers that provide services to the energy industry increased $111 million during 2014 to $222 million. Loans to borrowers in the midstream sector of the industry totaled $101 million at December 31, 2014. Loans to other energy borrowers, including those engaged in wholesale or retail energy sales totaled $81 million at December 31, 2014, a decrease of $138 million from the prior year. The services sector of the loan portfolio totaled $2.5 billion or 18% of total loans and consists of a large number of loans to a variety of businesses, including governmental, educational, utilities, not-for-profit and professional/technical services. Approximately $1.2 billion of the services category is made up of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Service sector loans are generally secured by the assets of the borrower with repayment coming from the cash flows of ongoing operations of the customer’s business. We participate in shared national credits when appropriate to obtain or maintain business relationships with local customers. Shared national credits are defined by banking regulators as credits of more than $20 million and with three or more non-affiliated banks as participants. At December 31, 2014, the outstanding principal balance of these loans totaled $3.2 billion. Approximately 80% of these loans are to borrowers with local market relationships. We serve as the agent lender in approximately 17% of our shared national credits, based on dollars committed. We hold shared credits to the same standard of analysis and perform the same level of review as internally originated credits. Our lending policies generally avoid loans in which we do not have the opportunity to maintain or achieve other business relationships with the customer. In addition to management’s quarterly assessment of credit risk, banking regulators annually review a sample of shared national credits for proper risk grading. Commercial Real Estate Commercial real estate represents loans for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by borrowers for investment purposes. The majority of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties within our geographic footprint, with the larger concentrations in Texas and Oklahoma, 34% and 16% at December 31, 2014. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies. Commercial real estate loans totaled $2.7 billion or 19% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2014. The outstanding balance of commercial real estate loans increased $313 million over 2013. Growth in loans secured by industrial facilities, loans secured by multifamily residential properties and loans secured by retail facilities was partially offset by a decrease in construction and land development loans. The commercial real estate loan balance as a percentage of our total loan portfolio has ranged from 18% to 21% over the past five years. The commercial real estate segment of our loan portfolio distributed by collateral location follows in Table 16. 53 Table 16 – Commercial Real Estate Loans by Collateral Location (In thousands) Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arkansas Colorado Arizona Kansas/ Missouri Other Total Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate loans $ 27,770 $ 34,354 $ 19,191 $ 13,252 $ 42,842 $ 1,240 $ 4,196 $ 746 $ 143,591 84,737 80,077 125,862 44,827 208,607 177,749 258,246 165,322 75,435 28,405 34,507 36,157 5,362 583 24,324 553 68,591 21,625 64,897 6,427 57,466 40,009 52,638 17,693 6,927 159,764 12,239 49,040 43,732 54,857 94,784 114,106 666,889 415,544 704,298 428,817 64,821 85,027 47,365 12,173 35,073 46,078 21,619 56,855 369,011 $ 428,094 $ 929,305 $ 241,060 $ 56,247 $ 239,455 $215,124 $ 137,753 $ 481,112 $ 2,728,150 Residential construction and land development loans, which consist primarily of residential construction properties and developed building lots, decreased $63 million or 30% during 2014 to $144 million at December 31, 2014 primarily due to net pay-downs. The Other category includes Georgia with $63 million or 2.3% of total commercial real estate loans, Mississippi with $45 million or 1.6% of total commercial real estate loans, Iowa with $43 million or 1.6% of total commercial real estate loans and Virginia with $42 million or 1.5% of total commercial real estate loans. All other locations included in Other individually represent less than 1.50% of the total commercial real estate loan population. Residential Mortgage and Consumer Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second-mortgage on the customer’s primary residence. Consumer loans may be secured by automobiles, recreational and marine equipment or other collateral, or may be unsecured. Residential mortgage and consumer loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability. Residential mortgage loans totaled $1.9 billion, a $103 million or 5% decrease compared to December 31, 2013. In general, we sell the majority of our fixed rate loan originations that conform to U.S. government agency standards in the secondary market and retain the majority of our non-conforming and adjustable-rate mortgage loans. We have no concentration in sub-prime residential mortgage loans. Our mortgage loan portfolio does not include payment option adjustable rate mortgage loans or adjustable rate mortgage loans with initial rates that are below market. Collateral for 98% of our residential mortgage portfolio is located within our geographic footprint. The majority of our permanent mortgage loan portfolio is primarily composed of various non-conforming mortgage programs to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and special loan programs for high net worth individuals or certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and are fully amortizing. The size of jumbo loans exceed maximums set under government sponsored entity standards, but otherwise generally conform to those standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 38%. Loan-to-value ratios (“LTV”) are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the market. Special mortgage programs include fixed and variable rate fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare professionals. Variable rate loans are fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust annually thereafter. At December 31, 2014, $206 million of permanent residential mortgage loans are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. We have minimal credit exposure on loans guaranteed by the agencies. This amount includes residential mortgage loans previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools that are eligible to be repurchased. We may repurchase these loans when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Because of this repurchase right, the Company is deemed to have regained effective control over these loans and must include them in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Permanent residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies increased $24 million or 13% over December 31, 2013. 54 Home equity loans totaled $774 million at December 31, 2014, a $34 million or 4% decrease compared to December 31, 2013. Most of the decrease was in first-lien, fully amortizing home equity. Home equity loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 40%. The maximum loan amount available for our home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 5 year revolving period followed by 15 year term of amortizing repayments. Interest- only home equity loans may not be extended for any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year revolving term subject to an update of certain credit information. A summary of our home equity loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 by lien position and amortizing status follows in Table 17. Table 17 – Home Equity Loans (In thousands) First lien Junior lien Total home equity Revolving Amortizing Total $ $ 36,117 $ 497,225 $ 69,073 171,196 105,190 $ 668,421 $ 533,342 240,269 773,611 The distribution of residential mortgage and consumer loans at December 31, 2014 is presented in Table 18. Residential mortgage loans are distributed by collateral location. Consumer loans are generally distributed by borrower location. Table 18 – Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans by Collateral Location (In thousands) Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arkansas Colorado Arizona Kansas/ Missouri Other Total $ 207,708 $379,078 $ 38,778 $ 17,779 $ 160,386 $ 88,299 $ 54,468 $ 23,455 $ 969,951 68,949 461,469 24,336 135,228 67,063 123,470 6,228 4,628 11,656 30,701 3,373 9,642 14,969 7,864 9,376 609 205,950 773,611 $ 738,126 $538,642 $ 229,311 $ 28,635 $ 202,743 $101,314 $ 77,301 $ 33,440 $ 1,949,512 Consumer $ 210,542 $153,675 $ 10,993 $ 908 $ 27,949 $ 12,880 $ 16,229 $ 1,529 $ 434,705 The Company secondarily evaluates loan portfolio performance based on the primary geographical market managing the loan. Loans attributed to a geographical market may not represent the location of the borrower or the collateral. All permanent mortgage loans serviced by our mortgage banking unit and held for investment by the Bank are centrally managed by the Bank of Oklahoma. 55 Table 19 – Loans Managed by Primary Geographical Market (In thousands) 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, Bank of Oklahoma: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Oklahoma Bank of Texas: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Texas Bank of Albuquerque: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Albuquerque Bank of Arkansas: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Arkansas Colorado State Bank & Trust: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Colorado State Bank & Trust Bank of Arizona: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Arizona Bank of Kansas City: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Bank of Kansas City $ $ 3,142,689 603,610 1,467,096 206,115 5,419,510 $ 2,902,140 602,010 1,524,212 192,283 5,220,645 $ 3,089,686 580,694 1,488,486 220,096 5,378,962 $ 2,826,649 607,030 1,411,560 235,909 5,081,148 3,549,128 1,027,817 235,948 154,363 4,967,256 3,052,274 816,574 260,544 131,297 4,260,689 2,726,925 771,796 275,408 116,252 3,890,381 2,249,888 830,642 268,053 126,570 3,475,153 383,439 296,358 127,999 10,899 818,695 95,510 88,301 7,261 5,169 196,241 342,336 308,829 133,900 13,842 798,907 81,556 78,264 7,922 8,023 175,765 265,830 326,135 130,337 15,456 737,758 62,049 90,821 13,046 15,421 181,337 977,961 194,553 57,119 27,918 1,257,551 735,626 190,355 62,821 22,686 1,011,488 776,610 173,327 59,363 19,333 1,028,633 547,524 355,140 35,872 12,883 951,419 399,419 162,371 18,217 17,358 597,365 417,702 257,477 47,111 7,887 730,177 411,587 161,844 15,516 5,646 594,593 313,296 201,760 57,803 4,686 577,545 407,516 84,466 20,597 4,261 516,840 258,668 303,500 104,695 19,369 686,232 76,199 136,170 15,772 35,911 264,052 544,020 156,013 64,627 21,598 786,258 271,914 198,160 89,315 5,633 565,022 327,732 59,788 20,505 3,853 411,878 2,693,232 703,041 1,227,184 327,599 4,951,056 1,943,666 701,993 300,916 145,699 3,092,274 284,394 308,605 94,010 19,620 706,629 83,297 118,662 15,614 72,869 290,442 436,094 196,728 75,266 21,276 729,364 215,973 206,948 97,576 5,604 526,101 284,740 34,884 24,709 2,837 347,170 Total BOK Financial loans $ 14,208,037 $ 12,792,264 $ 12,311,456 $ 11,269,743 $ 10,643,036 56 Table 20 – Loan Maturity and Interest Rate Sensitivity at December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Loan maturity: Commercial Commercial real estate Total Interest rate sensitivity for selected loans with: Predetermined interest rates Floating or adjustable interest rates Total Loan Commitments Remaining Maturities of Selected Loans Total Within 1 Year 1-5 Years After 5 Years $ 9,095,670 2,728,150 $ 11,823,820 $ 2,472,063 9,351,757 $ 11,823,820 $ $ $ $ 701,989 170,797 872,786 18,188 854,598 872,786 $ $ $ $ 5,557,425 1,757,370 7,314,795 793,689 6,521,106 7,314,795 $ $ $ $ 2,836,256 799,983 3,636,239 1,660,186 1,976,053 3,636,239 We enter into certain off-balance sheet arrangements in the normal course of business. These arrangements included unfunded loan commitments which totaled $8.3 billion and standby letters of credit which totaled $448 million at December 31, 2014. Loan commitments may be unconditional obligations to provide financing or conditional obligations that depend on the borrower’s financial condition, collateral value or other factors. Standby letters of credit are unconditional commitments to guarantee the performance of our customer to a third party. Since some of these commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Approximately $624 thousand of the outstanding standby letters of credit were issued on behalf of customers whose loans are nonperforming at December 31, 2014. Table 21 – Off-Balance Sheet Credit Commitments (In thousands) Loan commitments Standby letters of credit Mortgage loans sold with recourse December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 $ 8,328,416 $ 7,096,373 $ 6,636,587 $ 5,193,545 $ 5,001,338 447,599 179,822 444,248 191,299 466,477 226,922 534,565 289,021 588,091 330,963 As more fully described in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have off-balance sheet commitments related to certain residential mortgage loans originated under community development loan programs that were sold to a U.S. government agency with full recourse. These mortgage loans were underwritten to standards approved by the agencies, including full documentation and originated under programs available only for owner-occupied properties. The Company no longer sells residential mortgage loans with recourse other than obligations under standard representations and warranties. We are obligated to repurchase these loans for the life of these loans in the event of foreclosure for the unpaid principal and interest at the time of foreclosure. At December 31, 2014, the principal balance of residential mortgage loans sold subject to recourse obligations totaled $180 million, down from $191 million at December 31, 2013. Substantially all of these loans are to borrowers in our primary markets including $119 million to borrowers in Oklahoma, $18 million to borrowers in Arkansas and $13 million to borrowers in New Mexico. At December 31, 2014, approximately 4% of these loans are nonperforming and 5% were past due 30 to 89 days. A separate accrual for credit risk of $7.3 million is available to absorb losses on these loans. We also have an off-balance sheet obligation to repurchase residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored entities through our mortgage banking activities due to standard representations and warranties made under contractual agreements as described further in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. For the period from 2010 through 2014, approximately 18% of repurchase requests have currently resulted in actual repurchases or indemnification by the Company. The accrual for credit losses related to potential loan repurchases under representations and warranties totaled $3.2 million at December 31, 2014. 57 Customer Derivative Programs We offer programs that permit our customers to hedge various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and other agricultural product prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates. Each of these programs work essentially the same way. Derivative contracts are executed between the customers and the Company. Offsetting contracts are executed between the Company and selected counterparties or exchanges to minimize market risk to us from changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The counterparty contracts are identical to the customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing spread or a fee paid to us as compensation for administrative costs, credit risk and profit. The customer derivative programs create credit risk for potential amounts due to the Company from our customers and from the counterparties. Customer credit risk is monitored through existing credit policies and procedures. The effects of changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates are evaluated across a range of possible options to determine the maximum exposure we are willing to have individually to any customer. Customers may also be required to provide cash margin or other collateral in conjunction with our credit agreements to further limit our credit risk. Counterparty credit risk is evaluated through existing policies and procedures. This evaluation considers the total relationship between BOK Financial and each of the counterparties. Individual limits are established by management, approved by Credit Administration and reviewed by the Asset / Liability Committee. Margin collateral is required if the exposure between the Company and any counterparty exceeds established limits. Based on declines in the counterparties’ credit ratings, these limits may be reduced and additional margin collateral may be required. A deterioration of the credit standing of one or more of the customers or counter-parties to these contracts may result in BOK Financial recognizing a loss as the fair value of the affected contracts may no longer move in tandem with the offsetting contracts. This occurs if the credit standing of the customer or counterparty deteriorated such that either the fair value of underlying collateral no longer supported the contract or the customer or counterparty’s ability to provide margin collateral was impaired. Credit losses on customer derivatives reduce brokerage and trading revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings. On October 31, 2011, MF Global filed for bankruptcy protection. After partial distributions from the bankruptcy trustee during 2011, the remaining amount due totaled $8.5 million at December 31, 2011. This amount was written down to $6.8 million in 2011 based on our evaluation of amounts we expected to recover at that time. We received full payment of the original amount through distributions from the bankruptcy trustee including $806 thousand received in 2014, $5.6 million received in 2013 and $2.0 million received in 2012. Derivative contracts are carried at fair value. At December 31, 2014, the net fair values of derivative contracts, before consideration of cash margin, reported as assets under these programs totaled totaled $433 million compared to $274 million at December 31, 2013. Derivative contracts carried as assets include foreign exchange contracts with fair values of $238 million, energy contracts with fair values of $93 million, to-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities sold to our mortgage banking customers with fair values of $55 million, interest rate swaps primarily sold to loan customers with fair values of $35 million and equity option contracts with fair values of $11 million. Before consideration of cash margin paid to counterparties, the aggregate net fair values of derivative contracts held under these programs reported as liabilities totaled $432 million. At December 31, 2014, total derivative assets were reduced by $71 million of cash collateral received from counterparties and total derivative liabilities were reduced by $78 million of cash collateral paid to counterparties related to instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement. A table showing the notional and fair value of derivative assets and liabilities on both a gross and net basis is presented in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of derivative contracts reported as assets under these programs, net of cash margin held by the Company, by category of debtor at December 31, 2014 follows in Table 22. 58 Table 22 – Fair Value of Derivative Contracts (In thousands) Customers Banks and other financial institutions Exchanges Energy companies Fair value of customer hedge asset derivative contracts, net $ 264,213 79,334 17,607 720 $ 361,874 The largest exposure to a single counterparty was to an exchange for energy derivative contracts which totaled $15 million at December 31, 2014. Our customer derivative program also introduces liquidity and capital risk. We are required to provide cash margin to certain counterparties when the net negative fair value of the contracts exceeds established limits. Also, changes in commodity prices affect the amount of regulatory capital we are required to hold as support for the fair value of our derivative assets. These risks are modeled as part of the management of these programs. Based on current prices, a decrease in market prices equivalent to $29.84 per barrel of oil would decrease the fair value of derivative assets by $6.4 million. An increase in prices equivalent to $83.18 per barrel of oil would increase the fair value of derivative assets by $12 million. Liquidity requirements of this program are also affected by our credit rating. A decrease in credit rating to below investment grade would increase our obligation to post cash margin on existing contracts by approximately $19 million. The fair value of our to-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities and interest rate swap derivative contracts is affected by changes in interest rates. Based on our assessment as of December 31, 2014, changes in interest rates would not materially impact regulatory capital or liquidity needed to support this portion of our customer derivative program. Summary of Loan Loss Experience We maintain an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. The combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet risk totaled $190 million or 1.34% of outstanding loans and 236% of nonaccruing loans at December 31, 2014. The allowance for loan losses was $189 million and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk was $1.2 million. At December 31, 2013, the combined allowance for credit losses was $187 million or 1.47% of outstanding loans and 185% of nonaccruing loans. The allowance for loan losses was $185 million and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk was $2.1 million. The provision for credit losses is the amount necessary to maintain the allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk at an amount determined by management to be appropriate based on its evaluation. The provision includes the combined charge or credit to expense for both the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. All losses incurred from lending activities will ultimately be reflected in charge-offs against the allowance for loan losses following funds advanced against outstanding commitments and after exhaustion of collection efforts. After evaluating all credit factors, the Company determined that no provision for credit losses was necessary for 2014. A $27.9 million negative provision for credit losses was recorded in 2013. Credit quality indicators, including historic loss rates, have improved to pre-recession levels. Improving charge-off trends resulted in lower estimated loss rates for many loan classes. Although we did not record a provision for credit losses during 2014 and recorded negative provisions for credit losses in 2013, management expects that a provision for credit losses will be necessary during 2015 based on the expectation of continued loan growth. 59 Table 23 – Summary of Loan Loss Experience (In thousands) Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance Loans charged off: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Recoveries of loans previously charged off: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total Net loans recovered (charged off ) Provision for loan losses Ending balance Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk: Beginning balance Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk Ending balance Total combined provision for credit losses Allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding at period end Net charge-offs to average loans Total provision for credit losses to average loans Recoveries to gross charge-offs Allowance for loan losses as a multiple of net charge-offs Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk to off- balance sheet credit commitments Combined allowance for credit losses to loans 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 Year Ended December 31, $ 185,396 $ 215,507 $ 253,481 $ 292,971 $ 292,095 (3,569) (2,047) (4,448) (6,168) (6,335) (5,845) (5,753) (7,349) (16,232) (25,282) 5,703 7,003 2,000 4,328 19,034 2,802 858 7,488 9,420 1,558 4,778 23,244 (2,038) (28,073) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 189,056 $ 185,396 2,088 (858) 1,230 — $ $ $ 1,915 173 2,088 (27,900) 1.33 % (0.02)% — % 117.26 % 1.45 % 0.02 % (0.23)% 91.94 % (67.47)x 90.97x (9,341) (11,642) (10,047) (11,108) (42,138) 6,128 5,706 1,928 5,056 18,818 (23,320) (14,654) 215,507 9,261 (7,346) 1,915 (22,000) 1 $ $ $ $ 1.75 % 0.20 % (0.19)% 44.66 % 1 9.24x 1 0.01 % 0.03 % 0.03 % (14,836) (15,973) (14,107) (11,884) (56,800) 7,478 2,780 2,334 5,758 18,350 (38,450) (1,040) 253,481 14,271 (5,010) 9,261 (6,050) 2.25 % 0.35 % (0.06)% 32.31 % 6.59x 0.14 % $ $ $ $ (27,640) (59,962) (20,056) (16,330) (123,988) 9,263 3,179 901 6,265 19,608 (104,380) 105,256 292,971 14,388 (117) 14,271 105,139 2.75% 0.96% 0.96% 15.81% 2.81x 0.25% outstanding at period-end 2.89% 1 Includes $7.1 million of negative recovery related to a refund of a settlement between BOK Financial and the City of Tulsa invalidated by the Oklahoma Supreme Court. Excluding this refund, BOK Financial net charge-offs to average loans was 0.14%, recoveries to gross charge-offs were 61.51% and the allowance for loan losses as a multiple of net charge-offs was 13.29x for 2012. 1.34 % 2.33 % 1.47 % 1.77 % 60 Allowance for Loan Losses The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses is assessed by management based on an ongoing quarterly evaluation of the probable estimated losses inherent in the portfolio. The allowance consists of specific allowances attributed to certain impaired loans, general allowances based on estimated loss rates by loan class and non-specific allowances based on general economic conditions, concentration in loans with large balances and other relevant factors. Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in trouble debt restructurings and all government guaranteed loans repurchased from GNMA pools. At December 31, 2014, impaired loans totaled $283 million, including $1.2 million with specific allowances of $312 thousand and $282 million with no specific allowances because the loan balances represent the amounts we expect to recover. At December 31, 2013, impaired loans totaled $282 million, including $2.1 million of impaired loans with specific allowances of $1.0 million and $280 million with no specific allowances. General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on an estimated loss rate by loan class. Estimated loss rates for risk-graded loans are either increased or decreased based on changes in risk grading for each loan class. Estimated loss rates for both risk- graded and non-risk graded loans may be further adjusted for inherent risks identified for the given loan class which have not yet been captured in the loss rate. The aggregate amount of general allowances for all unimpaired loans totaled $161 million at December 31, 2014, compared to $156 million at December 31, 2013. The general allowance for the commercial loan portfolio segment increased by $12 million primarily due to loan growth and exposure to lower energy prices. The general allowance for the commercial real estate loan portfolio segment increased $1.0 million over December 31, 2013. The general allowance for residential mortgage loans decreased $5.9 million and the general allowance for consumer loans decreased $2.7 million, primarily due to lower estimated loss rates. Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentrations in loans with large balances and other relevant factors. Nonspecific allowances totaled $28 million at both December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The nonspecific allowance includes consideration of the indirect impact of falling energy prices on the broader economies within our geographical footprint that are highly dependent on the energy industry. The nonspecific allowance also considers the possible impact of the European debt crisis and similar economic factors on our loan portfolio. As demonstrated by continued domestic and European accommodative monetary policies, these factors remain a continued significant risk, although they have remained fairly stable throughout the year. An allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category follows in Table 24. Table 24 – Allowance for Loan Losses Allocation (Dollars in thousands) 2014 2013 December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Allowance % of Loans1 Allowance % of Loans1 Allowance % of Loans1 Allowance % of Loans1 Allowance % of Loans1 Loan category: Commercial $ 90,875 64.02% $ 79,180 62.10% $ 65,280 62.07% $ 83,443 58.17% $ 104,631 55.82% Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Nonspecific allowance 42,445 19.20% 41,573 18.88% 54,884 18.11% 67,034 20.33% 98,709 21.34% 13.72% 3.06% 23,458 4,233 28,045 29,465 6,965 28,213 16.04% 2.98% 41,703 9,453 44,187 16.61% 3.21% 17.52% 3.98% 46,476 10,178 46,350 17.24% 5.60% 50,281 12,614 26,736 Total $ 189,056 100.00% $ 185,396 100.00% $ 215,507 100.00% $ 253,481 100.00% $ 292,971 100.00% 1 Represents ratio of loan category balance to total loans. 61 Our loan monitoring process also identified loans that possess more than the normal amount of risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or the value of the collateral. Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, and no loss of principal or interest is anticipated, these loans were not included in nonperforming assets. Known information does, however, cause management concern as to the borrowers’ continued ability to comply with current repayment terms. The potential problem loans totaled $79 million at December 31, 2014. The current composition of potential problem loans by primary industry included energy - $16 million, services - $15 million, multifamily residential properties - $13 million, construction and land development - $11 million and wholesale/retail - $8.1 million. Potential problem loans totaled $74 million at December 31, 2013. With the decrease in energy prices at the end of 2014, management conducted a comprehensive credit review of those areas of the energy portfolio that it deems having the highest level of risk in an energy industry downturn: energy services companies, energy borrowers with high total leverage, and those energy customers determined to be most susceptible to lower commodity prices in our most recent energy portfolio stress test. We conducted an updated stress test of its energy portfolio, assuming starting commodity prices of $45 per barrel for oil and $2.50 per MMBTUs for natural gas. We also reviewed borrowers who comprised a majority of energy loan growth in the fourth quarter. The results of the comprehensive review and updated stress test did not alter the general view that the loan portfolio is well positioned to withstand a short-term correction in oil and natural gas prices. No material near-term losses were identified. Commodity price volatility is inherent in energy lending. Oil or natural gas prices have fallen by 50% or more in a six-month period six times since 2000, and by historic standards, the price drop which began in June 2014 is less severe than those previous declines. Our average gross charge-offs in the energy production portfolio are 9.9 basis points over the past 10 years and 6.4 basis points over the past 20 years, making it our best performing portfolio from a credit quality standpoint. We believe the duration of the downturn is the key question to assess credit risk or risk of an economic slowdown in our footprint. To that end, we see two distinct risk periods: if commodity prices return to a normalized, stable level over the next 6-12 months, we expect to see a handful of credits migrate to potential problem loan or non-accrual status, but no material actual losses in the portfolio. In addition, we expect a more modest impact on economic growth in our footprint. If the downturn extends beyond 12 months, outcomes are obviously more difficult to predict. At that point, we would be more likely to see loss content in the portfolio and a greater impact on the overall economy, and in turn lower loan demand. However, at present our portfolio is strong, we are doing business with high-quality borrowers, and we do not view the current commodity price decline as inherently different than previous declines we have experienced since 2000. Net Loans Charged Off Loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer covered by the paying capacity of the borrower based on an evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated quarterly and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans are generally charged off when payments are between 60 days and 180 days past due, depending on loan class. In addition, non-risk graded loans are generally charged-down to collateral value within 60 days of being notified of a borrower's bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status. BOK Financial had net recovery of $2.8 million or (0.02)% of average outstanding loans for 2014, compared to a net charge-off of $2.0 million or 0.02% of average loans in 2013. Net commercial loan recoveries totaled $2.1 million. Net commercial real estate loan recoveries totaled $5.0 million. Net charge-offs on residential mortgage loans totaled $2.4 million for the year and net charge-offs of consumer loans were $1.8 million. 62 Table 25 – Nonperforming Assets (In thousands) Nonaccruing loans: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total nonaccruing loans Accruing renegotiated loans: Guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other Total accruing renegotiated loans Total nonperforming loans Real estate and other repossessed assets: Guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other Real estate and other repossessed assets Total nonperforming assets Total nonperforming assets excluding those guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Nonaccruing loans by loan class: Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage Consumer Total nonaccruing loans3 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, $ 16,760 40,850 42,320 1,219 $ 24,467 60,626 46,608 2,709 68,811 99,193 29,767 3,515 101,149 134,410 201,286 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 13,527 18,557 48,121 566 80,771 73,985 — 73,985 154,756 49,898 51,963 101,861 256,617 129,022 1,416 5,201 4,149 450 1,380 931 54,322 — 54,322 155,471 37,431 54,841 92,272 247,743 155,213 1,860 4,922 6,969 592 1,586 831 $ $ $ 13,527 16,760 5,299 3,926 3,420 — — 5,912 18,557 17,377 4,857 6,391 7 252 11,966 40,850 34,845 34,279 3,712 9,564 48,121 566 777 7,264 42,320 1,219 $ $ $ 38,515 — 38,515 172,925 22,365 81,426 103,791 276,716 215,347 $ $ 28,974 3,919 32,893 234,179 16,952 105,801 122,753 356,932 311,006 2,460 $ 336 $ 12,090 3,077 2,007 3,166 1,667 24,467 26,131 8,117 6,829 2,706 3,968 12,875 60,626 39,863 489 6,256 46,608 2,709 16,968 21,180 23,051 5,486 1,790 68,811 61,874 6,863 11,457 3,513 — 15,486 99,193 25,366 — 4,401 29,767 3,515 38,455 150,366 37,426 4,567 230,814 18,551 3,710 22,261 253,075 — 141,394 141,394 394,469 375,918 465 19,262 8,486 2,116 3,534 4,592 38,455 99,579 4,978 19,654 6,725 4,087 15,343 150,366 32,111 — 5,315 37,426 4,567 $ 80,771 $ 101,149 $ 134,410 $ 201,286 $ 230,814 63 Table 25 – Nonperforming Assets (In thousands) Nonaccruing loans as % of outstanding loan balance for class: Nonaccruing loans by loan class: 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale / retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage Consumer Total nonaccruing loans 0.05% 0.21% 0.32% 0.08% 0.09% 0.22% 0.15% 3.69% 0.59% 0.82% —% —% 1.60% 0.68% 3.59% 1.80% 1.24% 2.47% 0.13% 0.57% 0.08% 0.22% 0.58% 0.15% 0.12% 0.19% 0.21% 8.42% 0.83% 1.55% —% 0.10% 3.06% 1.69% 3.23% 0.43% 0.90% 2.06% 0.32% 0.79% 0.10% 0.56% 0.28% 0.58% 0.29% 0.35% 0.32% 0.02% 0.96% 2.19% 6.85% 0.56% 0.35% 1.05% 0.03% 1.22% 0.86% 0.66% 0.42% 0.89% 0.65% 10.32% 18.09% 22.04% 1.55% 1.60% 0.67% 1.61% 3.42% 2.72% 3.55% 0.30% 0.82% 2.28% 0.68% 1.09% 1.35% 2.82% 0.95% —% 4.00% 4.33% 2.19% —% 0.70% 1.51% 0.78% 1.79% 1.19% 4.25% 1.85% 2.30% 3.89% 6.62% 2.66% —% 0.95% 2.04% 0.77% 2.17% Allowance for loan losses to nonaccruing loans Accruing loans 90 days or more past due1 Foregone interest on nonaccruing loans2 234.06% 183.29% 160.34% 125.93% 126.93% $ 125 $ 8,170 $ 1,415 9,815 3,925 5,361 $ 2,496 $ 11,726 7,966 16,818 1 Excludes residential mortgages guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. Government. 2 Interest collected and recognized on nonaccruing loans was not significant in 2014 and previous years. Nonperforming assets increased $8.9 million during 2014 to $257 million or 1.79% of outstanding loans and repossessed assets at December 31, 2014. Nonaccruing loans totaled $81 million, accruing renegotiated residential mortgage loans totaled $74 million (all guaranteed by U.S. government agencies) and real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $102 million. All accruing renegotiated residential mortgage loans, $3.7 million of nonaccruing loans and $50 million of real estate and other repossessed assets are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Excluding assets guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, nonperforming assets decreased $26 million during the year to $129 million or 0.92% of outstanding non-guaranteed loans and repossessed assets. The Company generally retains nonperforming assets to maximize potential recovery which may cause future nonperforming assets to decrease more slowly. 64 Loans are generally classified as nonaccruing when it becomes probable that we will not collect the full contractual principal and interest. As more fully discussed in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we may modify loans in a troubled debt restructuring. Modifications may include extension of payment terms and rate concessions. We generally do not forgive principal or accrued but unpaid interest. All loans modified in troubled debt restructurings, except residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are classified as nonaccruing. We may renew matured nonaccruing loans. All nonaccruing loans, including those renewed or modified in troubled debt restructurings, are charged off when the loan balance is no longer covered by the paying capacity of the borrower based on a quarterly evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value. All nonaccruing loans generally remain on nonaccruing status until full collection of principal and interest in accordance with the original terms, including principal previously charged off, is probable. We generally do not voluntarily modify consumer loans to troubled borrowers. Consumer loans modified at the direction of bankruptcy court orders are identified as troubled debt restructurings and classified as nonaccruing. As of December 31, 2014, renegotiated loans consist solely of accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of troubled debt restructurings. Generally, we modify residential mortgage loans primarily by reducing interest rates and extending the number of payments in accordance with U.S. government agency guidelines. No unpaid principal or interest is forgiven. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified terms of the loan. Modified loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies under residential mortgage loan programs may be sold once they become eligible according to U.S. agency guidelines. A rollforward of nonperforming assets for the year ended December 31, 2014 follows in Table 26. Table 26 – Rollforward of Nonperforming Assets (In thousands) Balance, December 31, 2013 Additions Transfer from premises and equipment Payments Charge-offs Net gains (losses) and write-downs Foreclosure of nonaccruing loans Foreclosure of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Proceeds from sales Conveyance to U.S. government agencies Net transfers to nonaccruing loans Return to accrual status Other, net Balance, December 31, 2014 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Nonaccruing Loans Renegotiated Loans Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets Total Nonperforming Assets $ 101,149 $ 54,322 $ 92,272 $ 63,500 — (45,949) (16,232) — (21,225) — — — — (474) 2 68,014 — (2,016) — — — (7,441) (38,467) — — — (427) — 810 — — (530) 21,225 57,429 (23,453) (44,963) — — (929) $ 80,771 $ 73,985 $ 101,861 $ 247,743 131,514 810 (47,965) (16,232) (530) — 49,988 (61,920) (44,963) — (474) (1,354) 256,617 We foreclose on loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies in accordance with agency guidelines. Generally these loans are not eligible for modification programs or have failed to comply with modified loan terms. Principal is guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government, subject to limitations and credit risk is minimal. These properties will be conveyed to the agencies once applicable criteria have been met. During 2014, $57 million of properties guaranteed by U.S. government agencies were foreclosed and $45 million of properties were conveyed to the applicable U.S. government agencies. Nonaccruing loans totaled $81 million or 0.57% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2014 compared to $101 million or 0.79% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2013. Nonaccruing loans decreased $20 million from December 31, 2013 due primarily to $46 million of payments, $21 million of foreclosures and $16 million of charge-offs. Newly identified nonaccruing loans totaled $63.5 million for 2014. 65 Commercial Nonaccruing commercial loans totaled $14 million or 0.15% of total commercial loans at December 31, 2014, down from $17 million or 0.21% of total commercial loans at December 31, 2013. Nonaccruing commercial loans decreased $3.2 million during 2014. Newly identified nonaccruing commercial totaled $11 million, offset by $8.4 million in payments, $3.6 million of charge-offs and $2.0 million of repossessions. Nonaccruing commercial loans at December 31, 2014 were primarily composed $5.2 million or 0.21% of total services sector loans and $4.1 million or 0.32% of total wholesale/retail sector loans. Over half of the balance of nonaccruing wholesale/retail sector loans was comprised of a single customer in the New Mexico market. Commercial Real Estate Nonaccruing commercial real estate loans decreased $22 million compared to the prior year to $19 million or 0.68% of outstanding commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2014 compared to $41 million or 1.69% of outstanding commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2013. Newly identified nonaccruing commercial real estate loans totaled $7.5 million, offset by $22 million of cash payments received, $6.1 million of foreclosures and $2.0 million of charge-offs. Nonaccruing commercial real estate loans were composed of $5.9 million or 1.60% of total other commercial real estate loans, $5.3 million or 3.69% of total residential land development and construction loans, $3.9 million or 0.59% of loans secured by retail facilities and $3.4 million or 0.82% of loans secured by office buildings. Residential Mortgage and Consumer Nonaccruing residential mortgage loans totaled $48 million or 2.47% of outstanding residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2014, compared to $42 million or 2.06% of outstanding residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2013. Newly identified nonaccruing residential mortgage loans which totaled $37 million were offset by $15 million of cash payments, $12 million of foreclosures and $4.4 million of loans charged off during the year. Nonaccruing residential mortgage loans primarily consist of non-guaranteed permanent residential mortgage loans which totaled $35 million or 3.59% of outstanding non- guaranteed permanent residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2014. Nonaccruing home equity loans totaled $9.6 million or 1.24% of total home equity loans. Payments on accruing residential mortgage loans and consumer loans may be delinquent. The composition of residential mortgage loans and consumer loans past due but still accruing is included in the following Table 27. Substantially all non- guaranteed residential loans past due 90 days or more are nonaccruing. Residential mortgage loans 30 to 89 days past due decreased $4.2 million to $8.7 million at December 31, 2014. Consumer loans past due 30 to 89 days decreased $480 thousand compared to December 31, 2013. Table 27 – Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans Past Due (In thousands) Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage1 Home equity Total residential mortgage December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 90 Days or More 30 to 89 Days 90 Days or More 30 to 89 Days $ $ 46 77 123 $ $ $ 5,970 2,723 8,693 — $ 34 34 $ 9,795 3,087 12,882 $ Consumer 1 Excludes past due residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government. 2 $ 547 $ 1 $ 1,027 66 Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets Real estate and other repossessed assets are assets acquired in partial or total forgiveness of loans. The assets are carried at the lower of cost as determined by fair value at date of foreclosure or current fair value, less estimated selling costs. Real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $102 million at December 31, 2014, a $10 million increase from December 31, 2013. The distribution of real estate and other repossessed assets distributed primarily by collateral location is included in Table 28 following. Table 28 – Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets by Collateral Location as of December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Developed commercial real estate properties 1-4 family residential properties guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1 1-4 family residential properties Undeveloped land Residential land development properties Other Oklahoma Texas Colorado Arkansas New Mexico Arizona Kansas/ Missouri Other Total $ 2,311 $ 3,797 $ 3,438 $ 796 $ 4,109 $ 1,178 $ — $ 5,073 $ 20,702 17,575 2,730 1,370 1,263 21,297 682 4,268 713 49,898 4,820 328 2,861 2,987 370 — 30 — 175 2,021 1,196 216 1,782 — 1,125 — 4,033 — — — 3,433 1,356 2,201 324 500 1,211 4 — 288 — — — 17,892 7,903 4,926 540 Total real estate and other repossessed assets $ $ 101,861 1 As discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, 1-4 family residential properties guaranteed by U.S. government agencies were reclassified to Receivables on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 1, 2015 in conjunction with the implementation of FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans Upon Foreclosure. $ 12,405 $ 6,074 25,404 29,439 4,966 5,983 9,174 8,416 $ $ $ $ $ Undeveloped land is primarily zoned for commercial development. Developed commercial real estate properties are primarily completed with no additional construction necessary for sale. Liquidity and Capital Subsidiary Bank Deposits and borrowed funds are the primary sources of liquidity for the subsidiary bank. Based on the average balances for 2014, approximately 73% of our funding was provided by deposit accounts, 12% from borrowed funds, 1% from long-term subordinated debt and 11% from equity. Our funding sources, which primarily include deposits and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks and other banks, provide adequate liquidity to meet our operating needs. Deposit accounts represent our largest funding source. We compete for retail and commercial deposits by offering a broad range of products and services and focusing on customer convenience. Retail deposit growth is supported through our Perfect Banking sales and customer service program, free checking, online bill paying services, mobile banking services, an extensive network of branch locations and ATMs and a 24-hour Express Bank call center. Commercial deposit growth is supported by offering treasury management and lockbox services. We also acquire brokered deposits when the cost of funds is advantageous to other funding sources. 67 Table 29 - Average Deposits by Line of Business (In thousands) Commercial Banking Consumer Banking Wealth Management Subtotal Funds Management and other Total Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 $ 8,887,809 $ 8,365,466 6,520,835 4,391,434 6,432,498 4,385,553 19,800,078 19,183,517 615,080 539,766 $ 20,415,158 $ 19,723,283 Average deposits for 2014 totaled $20.4 billion and represented approximately 73% of total liabilities and capital compared with $19.7 billion and 72% of total liabilities and capital for 2013. Average deposits increased $692 million over the prior year. Demand deposits increased $597 million and interest-bearing transaction deposit accounts were up $214 million. Time deposits decreased $151 million. Average Commercial Banking deposit balances increased $522 million over the prior year, due primarily to a $416 million increase in demand deposit balances and a $95 million increase in interest-bearing transaction deposits. Average balances attributed to our commercial & industrial loan customers increased $557 million or 18%. Average balances attributed to our healthcare customers grew by $58 million or 12% over the prior year. Small business banking customer average balances increased $56 million or 5%. Average balances attributed to our energy customers increased $94 million or 6%. Average balances held by treasury services customers decreased $43 million or 3% compared to the prior year. Commercial customers continue to maintain high account balances due to continued economic uncertainty and persistently low yields available on high quality investments. Average Consumer Banking deposit balances increased $88 million from 2013. Demand deposit balances grew by $127 million and interest-bearing transaction account balances increased $110 million. Higher costing time deposit balances decreased $180 million. Average Wealth Management deposits were largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Demand deposit balances grew by $48 million during 2014, offset by a $46 million decrease in interest-bearing transaction accounts. Time deposit balances were largely unchanged compared to the prior year. The general trend of increased deposits over the past several years reflects modest growth in the overall economy and low short-term interest rates. If economic activity were to improve significantly or if short-term interest rates were to increase, deposits may decline as customers deploy funds into projects or shift demand deposits into money market instruments. Table 30 - Maturity of Domestic CDs and Public Funds in Amounts of $100,000 or More (In thousands) Months to maturity: 3 or less Over 3 through 6 Over 6 through 12 Over 12 Total December 31, 2014 2013 $ $ 225,410 $ 166,578 375,032 915,029 1,682,049 $ 196,631 200,117 319,096 1,079,876 1,795,720 Brokered deposits included in time deposits averaged $237 million for 2014 compared to $159 million for 2013. Brokered deposits included in time deposits totaled $334 million at December 31, 2014 and $186 million at December 31, 2013. Average interest-bearing transactions accounts for 2014 included $298 million of brokered deposits compared to $265 million for 2013. Brokered deposits included in interest-bearing transaction accounts totaled $585 million at December 31, 2014 and $227 million at December 31, 2013. 68 The distribution of our period end deposit account balances among principal markets follows in Table 31. Table 31 -- Period End Deposits by Principal Market Area (In thousands) Bank of Oklahoma: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Bank of Oklahoma Bank of Texas: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Bank of Texas Bank of Albuquerque: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, $ 3,828,819 $ 3,432,940 $ 4,207,263 $ 3,196,436 $ 2,240,850 6,117,886 206,357 1,301,194 7,625,437 6,318,045 191,880 1,214,507 7,724,432 6,023,384 5,966,528 163,512 1,267,854 7,454,750 126,682 1,444,332 7,537,542 11,454,256 11,157,372 11,662,013 10,733,978 6,033,598 106,411 1,363,942 7,503,951 9,744,801 2,639,732 2,481,603 2,606,176 1,808,490 1,389,876 2,065,723 1,966,580 2,129,084 1,940,819 1,791,810 72,037 547,316 2,685,076 5,324,808 64,632 638,465 2,669,677 5,151,280 58,429 762,233 2,949,746 5,555,922 45,872 867,664 2,854,355 4,662,845 36,429 966,116 2,794,355 4,184,231 487,819 502,395 427,510 319,269 271,137 519,544 37,471 295,798 852,813 529,140 33,944 327,281 890,365 511,758 31,926 364,928 908,612 491,068 27,487 410,722 929,277 530,244 28,342 450,177 1,008,763 1,279,900 Total Bank of Albuquerque 1,340,632 1,392,760 1,336,122 1,248,546 Bank of Arkansas: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Bank of Arkansas 35,996 38,566 39,897 19,405 16,494 158,115 1,936 28,520 188,571 224,567 144,018 1,986 32,949 178,953 217,519 101,868 2,239 42,573 146,680 186,577 131,703 1,727 61,329 194,759 214,164 130,066 1,266 102,999 234,331 250,825 69 Table 31 -- Period End Deposits by Principal Market Area (In thousands) Colorado State Bank & Trust: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Colorado State Bank & Trust Bank of Arizona: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Bank of Arizona Bank of Kansas City: Demand Interest-bearing: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing Total Bank of Kansas City 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 December 31, 445,755 409,942 336,252 292,556 184,251 631,874 29,811 353,998 1,015,683 1,461,438 541,675 26,880 407,088 975,643 1,385,585 676,144 25,889 472,305 1,174,338 1,510,590 512,904 22,771 523,969 1,059,644 1,352,200 533,230 20,310 502,889 1,056,429 1,240,680 369,115 204,092 161,093 106,741 74,888 347,214 2,545 36,680 386,439 755,554 364,736 2,432 34,391 401,559 605,651 360,276 1,978 31,371 393,625 554,718 104,961 1,192 37,641 143,794 250,535 95,889 809 52,227 148,925 223,813 259,121 246,739 260,095 56,888 43,268 273,999 1,274 45,210 320,483 579,604 69,857 1,252 41,312 112,421 359,160 85,524 771 26,728 113,023 373,118 206,473 626 36,325 243,424 300,312 140,525 200 70,818 211,543 254,811 Total BOK Financial deposits $ 21,140,859 $ 20,269,327 $ 21,179,060 $ 18,762,580 $ 17,179,061 See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of other borrowings. In addition to deposits, subsidiary bank liquidity is provided primarily by federal funds purchased, securities repurchase agreements and Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings. Federal funds purchased consist primarily of unsecured, overnight funds acquired from other financial institutions. Funds are primarily purchased from bankers’ banks and Federal Home Loan banks from across the country. There were no wholesale federal funds purchased outstanding at December 31, 2014. Securities repurchase agreements generally mature within 90 days and are secured by certain available for sale securities. Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings are generally short term and are secured by a blanket pledge of eligible collateral (generally unencumbered U.S. Treasury and mortgage-backed securities, 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, multifamily and other qualifying commercial real estate loans). Amounts borrowed from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka averaged $1.9 billion during 2014 and $1.7 billion during 2013. At December 31, 2014, the estimated unused credit available to the subsidiary bank from collateralized sources was approximately $6.9 billion. 70 In 2007, the Bank issued $250 million of subordinated debt due May 15, 2017 to fund the Worth National Bank and First United Bank acquisitions and fund continued asset growth. Interest on this debt was based on a fixed rate of 5.75% through May 14, 2012 which then converted to a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.69%. At December 31, 2014, $226 million of this subordinated debt remains outstanding. In 2005, the Bank issued $150 million of 10-year, fixed rate subordinated debt. The cost of this subordinated debt, including issuance discounts and hedge loss is 5.56%. The proceeds of this debt were used to repay $95 million of BOK Financial's unsecured revolving line of credit and to provide additional capital to support asset growth. At December 31, 2014, $122 million of this subordinated debt remains outstanding. The Bank also has a liability related to the repurchase of certain delinquent residential mortgage loans previously sold in GNMA mortgage pools. Interest is payable monthly at rates contractually due to investors. Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries The primary sources of liquidity for BOK Financial are cash on hand and dividends from the subsidiary bank. Cash on hand at December 31, 2014 totaled $511 million. Dividends from the subsidiary bank are limited by various banking regulations to net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the two preceding years. Dividends are further restricted by minimum capital requirements. At December 31, 2014, based on the most restrictive limitations as well as management’s internal capital policy, the subsidiary bank could declare up to $365 million of dividends without regulatory approval. Upon adoption of the Basel III regulatory capital framework in the first quarter of 2015, the dividend capacity of the subsidiary bank will be reduced to zero. Dividend constraints may be alleviated through increases in retained earnings, capital issuances or changes in risk weighted assets. Future losses or growth in risk weighted assets at the subsidiary bank could also affect its ability to pay dividends to the parent company. The Company has a $100 million senior unsecured 364 day revolving credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, administrative agent and other commercial banks (“the Credit Facility”). Interest on amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility is to be paid at a defined base rate minus 1.25% or LIBOR plus 1.00% based upon the Company's option. Interest on amounts borrowed for certain acquisitions converted to a term loan at the Company's option is to be paid at a defined base rate minus 1.25% or LIBOR plus 1.25%. A commitment fee equal to 0.20% shall be paid quarterly on the unused portion of the credit commitment under the Credit Facility and there are no prepayment penalties. Any amounts outstanding at the end of the Credit Facility term shall be converted into a term loan which, except for amounts borrowed for certain acquisitions, shall be payable June 5, 2015. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, as well as affirmative and negative covenants including limits on the Company’s ability to borrow additional funds, make investments and sell assets. These covenants also require BOKF to maintain minimum capital levels. No amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and the Company met all of the covenants. Our equity capital at December 31, 2014 was $3.3 billion, an increase of $281 million over December 31, 2013. Net income less cash dividends paid increased equity $181 million during 2014. In addition, accumulated other comprehensive income increased $82 million during 2014 primarily related to the change in net unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities. Capital is managed to maximize long-term value to the shareholders. Factors considered in managing capital include projections of future earnings, asset growth and acquisition strategies, and regulatory and debt covenant requirements. Capital management may include subordinated debt issuance, share repurchase and stock and cash dividends. On April 24, 2012, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to purchase up to two million shares of our common stock. The specific timing and amount of shares repurchased will vary based on market conditions, regulatory limitations and other factors. Repurchases may be made over time in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. As of December 31, 2014, the Company has repurchased 239,496 shares for $14 million under this program. During 2014, 200,000 shares were repurchased at the average price of $61.68 per share. BOK Financial and the subsidiary bank are subject to various capital requirements administered by federal agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and additional discretionary actions by regulators that could have a material impact on operations. These capital requirements include quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items. The capital standards are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators. 71 For a banking institution to qualify as well capitalized, its Tier 1, Total and Leverage capital ratios must be at least 6%, 10% and 5%, respectively. The Company’s banking subsidiary exceeded the regulatory definitions of well capitalized. The capital ratios for BOK Financial on a consolidated basis are presented in Table 32. Table 32 – Capital Ratios Average total equity to average assets Tangible common equity ratio Tier 1 common equity ratio Risk-based capital: Tier 1 capital Total capital Leverage Well Capitalized Minimums — — — 6.00% 10.00% 5.00% December 31, 2014 2013 11.47% 10.08% 13.17% 13.33% 14.66% 9.96% 11.00% 9.90% 13.59% 13.77% 15.56% 10.05% In July 2013, banking regulators issued the final rule revising regulatory capital rules for substantially all U.S. banking organizations. The new capital rule was effective for BOK Financial on January 1, 2015. Components of the rule will phase in through January 1, 2019. The new capital rule establishes a 7% threshold for the Tier 1 common equity ratio consisting of a minimum level plus capital conservation buffer. The Company will elect to exclude unrealized gains and losses from available for sale securities from its calculation of Tier 1 capital, consistent with the treatment under current capital rules. BOK Financial's Tier 1 common equity ratio based on the existing Basel I standards was 13.17% as of December 31, 2014. Based on our interpretation of the new capital rule, our estimated Tier 1 common equity ratio on a fully phased-in basis is approximately 12.25%, nearly 525 basis points above the 7% regulatory threshold. The rule also changes both the Tier 1 risk based capital requirements and the total risk based requirements to a minimum of 6% and 8%, respectively, plus a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% totaling 8.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The leverage ratio requirement under the rule is 4%. A banking organization which falls below these levels, including the capital conservation buffer, would be subject to regulatory restrictions on capital distributions (including but not limited to dividends and share repurchases) and executive bonus payments. Capital resources of financial institutions are also regularly measured by the tangible common shareholders’ equity ratio. Tangible common shareholders’ equity is shareholders’ equity as defined by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), including unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, less intangible assets and equity which does not benefit common shareholders. Equity that does not benefit common shareholders includes preferred equity. This non-GAAP measure is a valuable indicator of a financial institution’s capital strength since it eliminates intangible assets from shareholders’ equity and retains the effect of unrealized losses on securities and other components of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. In accordance with the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve published regulations that require bank holding companies with $10 billion to $50 billion in assets to perform annual capital stress tests. The requirements for annual capital stress tests became effective for the Company in the fourth quarter of 2013. Specified results will be made public in June of 2015. The resulting capital stress test process may place constraints on capital distributions or increases in required regulatory capital under certain circumstances. Table 33 following provides a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures with financial measures defined by GAAP. 72 Table 33 – Non-GAAP Measures (Dollars in thousands) Tangible common equity ratio: Total shareholders' equity Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net Tangible common equity Total assets Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net Tangible assets Tangible common equity ratio Estimated Tier 1 common equity ratio under fully phased-in Basel III: Tier 1 common equity under existing Basel I Estimated equity adjustments Estimated Tier 1 common equity under fully phased-in Basel III Risk weighted assets under existing Basel I Estimated risk weighted asset adjustments Estimated risk weighted assets under fully phased-in Basel III Estimated Tier 1 common equity under fully phased-in Basel III Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements December 31, 2014 2013 $ 3,302,179 $ 3,020,049 412,156 2,890,023 384,323 2,635,726 29,089,698 27,015,432 412,156 384,323 $ 28,677,542 $ 26,631,109 10.08% 9.90% $ $ $ $ 2,804,102 (31,250) 2,772,852 21,290,908 1,338,631 22,629,539 12.25% See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the Company’s significant off-balance sheet commitments. 73 Aggregate Contractual Obligations BOK Financial has numerous contractual obligations in the normal course of business. These obligations include time deposits and other borrowed funds, premises used under various operating leases, commitments to extend credit to borrowers and to purchase securities, derivative contracts and contracts for services such as data processing that are integral to our operations. Table 34 following summarizes payments due per these contractual obligations at December 31, 2014. Table 34 – Contractual Obligations as of December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Time deposits Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Operating lease obligations Derivative contracts Data processing services Total Loan commitments Standby letters of credit Mortgage loans sold with recourse Alternative investment commitments Unfunded third-party private equity commitments Less Than 1 Year 1 to 3 Years 4 to 5 Years More Than 5 Years Total $ 797,625 $ 711,981 $ 301,478 $ 377,521 $ 2,188,605 525 126,401 26,012 398,495 13,678 1,050 227,077 42,230 30,073 24,984 1,150 — 28,085 3,495 18,957 15,664 — 104,822 797 1,925 18,389 353,478 201,149 432,860 59,544 $ 1,362,736 $ 1,037,395 $ 353,165 $ 500,729 $ 3,254,025 $ 8,328,416 447,599 179,822 32,970 5,623 Payments on time deposits, other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures include interest which has been calculated from rates at December 31, 2014. These obligations may have variable interest rates and actual payments will differ from the amounts shown on this table. Payments on time deposits are based on contractual maturity dates. These funds may be withdrawn prior to maturity. We may charge the customer a penalty for early withdrawal. Operating lease commitments generally represent real property we rent for branch offices, corporate offices and operations facilities. Payments presented represent the minimum lease payments and exclude related costs such as utilities and property taxes. Obligations under derivative contracts are used in customer hedging programs. As previously discussed, we have entered into derivative contracts which are expected to substantially offset the cash payments due on these obligations. Amounts shown in the table exclude $78 million of cash margin which secures our obligations under these contracts. We also have obligations with respect to employee benefit plans. See Notes 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about our employee benefit plans. Data processing and communications contracts represent the minimum obligations under the contracts. Additional payments that are based on the volume of transactions processed are excluded. Loan commitments represent legally binding obligations to provide financing to our customers. Some of these commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon and the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Approximately $1.6 billion of the loan commitments expire within one year. 74 The Company has funded $121 million and has commitments to fund an additional $33 million for various alternative investments. Alternative investments generally consist of limited partnership interests in or loans to entities that invest in low income housing or economic development projects, distressed assets, energy development, venture capital and other activities. The Company is prohibited by banking regulations from controlling or actively managing the activities of these investments. Legally binding commitments to fund alternative investments are recognized as liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. An indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is general partner of two private equity funds and has contingent obligations to make additional investments totaling $5.6 million as of December 31, 2014. These commitments, which are included in unfunded third-party private equity commitments, generally reflect customer investment obligations. We do not recognize contingent commitments to fund investments that are primarily customer obligations as liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards See Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements for disclosure of newly adopted and pending accounting standards. This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management's beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates, and projections about BOK Financial, the financial services industry and the economy in general. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” ”estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “plans,” “projects,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Management judgments relating to and discussion of the provision and allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk, allowance for uncertain tax positions and accruals for loss contingencies involve judgments as to expected events and are inherently forward-looking statements. Assessments that BOK Financial's acquisitions and other growth endeavors will be profitable are necessary statements of belief as to the outcome of future events, based in part on information provided by others that BOK Financial has not independently verified. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what is expressed, implied, or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Internal and external factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: (1) the ability to fully realize expected cost savings from mergers within the expected time frames, (2) the ability of other companies on which BOK Financial relies to provide goods and services in a timely and accurate manner, (3) changes in interest rates and interest rate relationships, (4) demand for products and services, (5) the degree of competition by traditional and nontraditional competitors, (6) changes in banking regulations, tax laws, prices, levies, and assessments, (7) the impact of technological advances and (8) trends in customer behavior as well as their ability to repay loans. BOK Financial and its affiliates undertake no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Legal Notice As used in this report, the term “BOK Financial” and such terms as “the Company,” “the Corporation,” “our,” “we” and “us” may refer to one or more of the consolidated subsidiaries or all of them taken as a whole. All these terms are used for convenience only and are not intended as a precise description of any of the separate companies, each of which manages its own affairs. 75 ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Market Risk Market risk is a broad term for the risk of economic loss due to adverse changes in the fair value of a financial instrument. These changes may be the result of various factors, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices or equity prices. Financial instruments that are subject to market risk can be classified either as held for trading or held for purposes other than trading. Market risk excludes changes in fair value due to credit of the individual issuers of financial instruments. BOK Financial is subject to market risk primarily through the effect of changes in interest rates on both its assets held for purposes other than trading and trading assets. The effects of other changes, such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices or equity prices do not pose significant market risk to BOK Financial. BOK Financial has no material investments in assets that are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates or equity prices. Energy and agricultural product derivative contracts, which are affected by changes in commodity prices, are matched against offsetting contracts as previously discussed. The Asset/Liability Committee is responsible for managing market risk in accordance with policy guidelines established by the Board of Directors. The Committee monitors projected variation in net interest revenue, net interest income and economic value of equity due to specified changes in interest rates. The internal policy limit for net interest revenue variation is a maximum decline of 5% to an up or down 200 basis point change over twelve months. These guidelines also set maximum levels for short-term borrowings, short-term assets, public funds and brokered deposits and establish minimum levels for unpledged assets, among other things. Compliance with these internal guidelines is reviewed monthly. Interest Rate Risk – Other than Trading As previously noted in the Net Interest Revenue section of this report, management has implemented strategies to manage the Company’s balance sheet to have relatively limited exposure to changes in interest rates over a twelve-month period. The effectiveness of these strategies in managing the overall interest rate risk is evaluated through the use of an asset/liability model. BOK Financial performs a sensitivity analysis to identify more dynamic interest rate risk exposures, including embedded option positions, on net interest revenue, net income and economic value of equity. A simulation model is used to estimate the effect of changes in interest rates on the Company's performance across multiple interest rate scenarios. While the current internal policy limit for net interest revenue variation is a maximum decline of 5% or 200 basis points change over twelve months, the results of a 200 basis point decrease in interest rates in the current low-rate environment are not meaningful. We report the effect of a 50 basis point decrease in the interim. The Company’s primary interest rate exposures include the Federal Funds rate, which affects short-term borrowings, and the prime lending rate and LIBOR, which are the basis for much of the variable rate loan pricing. Additionally, residential mortgage rates directly affect the prepayment speeds for residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgage servicing rights. Derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments used for purposes other than trading are included in this simulation. In addition, the impact on the level and composition of demand deposit accounts and other core deposit balances resulting from a significant increase in short-term market interest rates and the overall interest rate environment is likely to be material. The simulation incorporates assumptions regarding the effects of such changes based on a combination of historical analysis and expected behavior. The impact of planned growth and new business activities is factored into the simulation model. The effects of changes in interest rates on the value of mortgage servicing rights are excluded from Table 35 due to the extreme volatility over such a large rate range and our active risk management approach for that asset. The effects of interest rate changes on the value of mortgage servicing rights and financial instruments identified as economic hedges are presented in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The simulations used to manage market risk are based on numerous assumptions regarding the effects of changes in interest rates on the timing and extent of re-pricing characteristics, future cash flows and customer behavior. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest revenue, net income or economic value of equity or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower interest rates on net interest revenue, net income or economic value of equity. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, market conditions and management strategies, among other factors. 76 Table 35 – Interest Rate Sensitivity (Dollar in thousands) 200 bp Increase 50 bp Decrease 2014 2013 2014 2013 Anticipated impact over the next twelve months on net interest revenue $ (5,046) $ (16,625) $ (18,617) $ (11,361) (0.70)% (2.38)% (2.58)% (1.63)% In order to better position the bank's balance sheet for an environment of increasing longer-term interest rates, we pro-actively reduced the available for sale securities portfolio by $1.2 billion during 2014 to $9.0 billion at December 31, 2014, reducing the Company's liability sensitivity from (2.38)% at December 31, 2013 to (0.70)% at December 31, 2014. Trading Activities BOK Financial enters into trading activities both as an intermediary for customers and for its own account. As an intermediary, BOK Financial will take positions in securities, generally residential mortgage-backed securities, government agency securities and municipal bonds. These securities are purchased for resale to customers, which include individuals, corporations, foundations and financial institutions. On a limited basis, BOK Financial may also take trading positions in U.S. Treasury securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, and municipal bonds to enhance returns on its securities portfolios. Both of these activities involve interest rate, liquidity and price risk. BOKF Financial has an insignificant exposure to foreign exchange risk and does not take positions in commodity derivatives. A variety of methods are used to manage the interest rate risk of trading activities. These methods include daily marking of all positions to market value, independent verification of inventory pricing, and position limits for each trading activity. Hedges in either the futures or cash markets may be used to reduce the risk associated with some trading programs. Management uses a Value at Risk (“VaR”) methodology to measure the market risk due to changes in interest rates inherent in its trading activities. VaR is calculated based upon historical simulations over the past five years using a variance/covariance matrix of interest rate changes, a 10 business day holding period and a 99% confidence interval. It represents an amount of market loss that is likely to be exceeded in only one out of every 100 two-week periods. Trading positions are managed within guidelines approved by the Board of Directors. These guidelines limit the VaR to $7.3 million. There were no instances of VaR being exceeded during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. At December 31, 2014, there were no trading positions for the purposes of enhancing returns on the Company's securities portfolio. The average, high and low VaR amounts for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows in Table 36. Table 36 –Value at Risk (VaR) (In thousands) Average High Low Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 1,987 $ 2,785 $ 3,868 479 5,826 261 3,212 6,695 1,075 77 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Report of Management on Financial Statements Management of BOK Financial is responsible for the preparation, integrity and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and necessarily include some amounts that are based on our best estimates and judgments. Management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, conducted an assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In establishing internal control over financial reporting, management assesses risk and designs controls to prevent or detect financial reporting misstatements that may be consequential to a reader. Management also assesses the impact of any internal control deficiencies and oversees efforts to improve internal control over financial reporting. Because of inherent limitations, it is possible that internal controls may not prevent or detect misstatements, and it is possible that internal controls may vary over time based on changing conditions. There have been no material changes in internal controls subsequent to December 31, 2014. The Audit Committee, consisting entirely of independent directors, meets regularly with management, internal auditors and the independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, regarding management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting. Report of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for assessing the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), as amended. Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in “Internal Control – Integrated Framework,” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission in 2013. Based on that assessment and criteria, management has determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this annual report has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014. Their report, which expresses unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, is included in this annual report. 78 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of BOK Financial Corporation We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BOK Financial Corporation ("the Company") as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of BOK Financial Corporation at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), BOK Financial Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 27, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Tulsa, Oklahoma February 27, 2015 79 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of BOK Financial Corporation We have audited BOK Financial Corporation’s ("the Company") internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). BOK Financial Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, BOK Financial Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of BOK Financial Corporation as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 and our report dated February 27, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Tulsa, Oklahoma February 27, 2015 80 Consolidated Statements of Earnings (In thousands, except share and per share data) Interest revenue Loans Residential mortgage loans held for sale Trading securities Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total investment securities Taxable securities Tax-exempt securities Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Total interest revenue Interest expense Deposits Borrowed funds Subordinated debentures Total interest expense Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Brokerage and trading revenue Transaction card revenue Fiduciary and asset management revenue Deposit service charges and fees Mortgage banking revenue Bank-owned life insurance Other revenue Total fees and commissions Loss on assets, net Gain (loss) on derivatives, net Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Gain on available for sale securities, net Total other-than-temporary impairment losses Portion of loss recognized in (reclassified from) other comprehensive income Net impairment losses recognized in earnings Total other operating revenue Other operating expense Personnel Business promotion Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation Professional fees and services Net occupancy and equipment Insurance Data processing and communications Printing, postage and supplies Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets Amortization of intangible assets Mortgage banking costs Other expense Total other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interests Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders Earnings per share: Basic Diluted Average shares used in computation: Basic Diluted Dividends declared per share See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 81 Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2014 $ $ $ $ $ 502,753 10,143 1,945 13,183 5,708 18,891 182,923 2,184 185,107 3,611 7,040 2,749 732,239 50,683 7,672 8,690 67,045 665,194 — 665,194 134,437 123,689 115,652 90,911 109,093 9,086 38,451 621,319 (6,346) 2,776 10,189 (16,445) 1,539 (373) — (373) 612,659 476,931 26,649 4,267 44,440 77,232 18,578 117,049 13,518 6,019 3,965 29,881 28,993 847,522 430,331 134,852 295,479 3,044 292,435 4.23 4.22 68,394,194 68,544,770 1.62 $ $ $ $ $ 498,600 8,505 1,962 14,260 4,781 19,041 204,830 2,380 207,210 3,907 5,071 1,075 745,371 55,564 6,589 8,741 70,894 674,477 (27,900) 702,377 125,478 116,823 96,082 95,110 121,934 10,155 38,262 603,844 (925) (4,367) (15,212) 22,720 10,720 (2,574) 266 (2,308) 614,472 505,225 22,598 2,062 32,552 69,773 16,122 106,075 13,885 5,160 3,428 31,088 32,652 840,620 476,229 157,298 318,931 2,322 316,609 4.61 4.59 67,988,897 68,205,519 1.54 $ $ $ $ $ 513,429 8,185 1,419 16,848 3,577 20,425 237,226 2,487 239,713 8,464 2,291 945 794,871 67,013 6,531 13,778 87,322 707,549 (22,000) 729,549 126,930 107,985 80,053 98,917 169,302 11,089 34,604 628,880 (1,415) (301) 9,230 (9,210) 33,845 (1,144) (6,207) (7,351) 653,678 491,033 23,338 2,062 34,015 66,726 15,356 98,904 14,228 20,528 2,927 44,334 26,912 840,363 542,864 188,740 354,124 2,933 351,191 5.15 5.13 67,684,043 67,964,940 2.47 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (In thousands) Net income Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes: Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Reclassification adjustments included in earnings: Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 295,479 $ 318,931 $ 354,124 136,775 (275,945) 66,197 Interest revenue, Investments securities, Taxable securities (1,216) (3,210) (6,601) Interest expense, Subordinated debentures Net impairment losses recognized in earnings Gain on available for sale securities, net Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes Federal and state income taxes Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes Comprehensive income Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 296 373 262 2,308 (1,539) (10,720) 134,689 (287,305) (52,393) 111,762 82,296 377,775 3,044 (175,543) 143,388 2,322 453 7,351 (33,845) 33,555 (12,614) 20,941 375,065 2,933 Comprehensive income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 374,731 $ 141,066 $ 372,132 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 82 Consolidated Balance Sheets (In thousands, except share data) Assets Cash and due from banks Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities Investment securities (fair value: 2014 – $673,626; 2013 – $687,127) Available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Premises and equipment, net Receivables Goodwill Intangible assets, net Mortgage servicing rights Real estate and other repossessed assets, net of allowance (2014 – $22,937; 2013 – $24,195) Derivative contracts Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance Receivable on unsettled securities sales Other assets Total assets Liabilities and Equity Liabilities: Noninterest-bearing demand deposits Interest-bearing deposits: Transaction Savings Time Total deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Accrued interest, taxes and expense Derivative contracts Due on unsettled securities purchases Other liabilities Total liabilities Shareholders' equity: Common stock ($.00006 par value; 2,500,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 2014 – 74,003,754; 2013 – 73,163,275) Capital surplus Retained earnings Treasury stock (shares at cost: 2014 – 4,890,018; 2013 – 4,304,782) Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total shareholders’ equity Non-controlling interests Total equity Total liabilities and equity See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 83 December 31, 2014 2013 550,576 1,925,266 188,700 652,360 8,978,945 311,597 141,494 304,182 14,208,037 (189,056) 14,018,981 273,833 132,408 377,780 34,376 171,976 101,861 361,874 293,978 74,259 195,252 29,089,698 $ $ 512,931 574,282 91,616 677,878 10,147,162 167,125 85,240 200,546 12,792,264 (185,396) 12,606,868 277,849 117,126 359,759 24,564 153,333 92,272 265,012 284,801 17,174 359,894 27,015,432 8,066,357 $ 7,316,277 10,114,355 351,431 2,608,716 21,140,859 57,031 1,187,489 2,133,774 347,983 120,211 354,554 290,540 121,051 25,753,492 9,934,051 323,006 2,695,993 20,269,327 868,081 813,454 1,040,353 347,802 194,870 247,185 45,740 133,647 23,960,459 4 954,644 2,530,837 (239,979) 56,673 3,302,179 34,027 3,336,206 29,089,698 $ 4 898,586 2,349,428 (202,346) (25,623) 3,020,049 34,924 3,054,973 27,015,432 $ $ $ $ Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (In thousands) Common Stock Shares Amount Capital Surplus Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Shares Amount Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Shareholders’ Equity Non- Controlling Interests Total Equity $818,817 $1,953,332 3,380 $(150,664) $ 128,979 $ 2,750,468 $ 36,184 $2,786,652 — 351,191 2,933 354,124 20,941 20,941 — — 1,645 1,645 (4,941) (4,941) 859,278 2,137,541 4,088 (188,883) 149,920 2,957,860 35,821 2,993,681 — 316,609 2,322 318,931 (175,543) (175,543) Balance, December 31, 2011 71,533 $ Net income Other comprehensive income Repurchase of common stock Issuance of shares for equity compensation, net Tax effect from equity compensation, net Share-based compensation Cash dividends on common stock Acquisition of non- controlling interest Capital calls and distributions, net — — — 882 — — — — — Balance, December 31, 2012 72,415 Net income Other comprehensive loss Repurchase of common stock Issuance of shares for equity compensation, net Tax effect from equity compensation, net Share-based compensation Cash dividends on common stock Capital calls and distributions, net — — — 748 — — — — Balance, December 31, 2013 73,163 Net income Other comprehensive income Repurchase of common stock Issuance of shares for equity compensation, net Tax effect from equity compensation, net Share-based compensation Issuance of shares in settlement of deferred compensation, net Cash dividends on common stock Capital calls and distributions, net — — — 510 — — 331 — — 4 — — — — — — — — — 4 — — — — — — — — 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — 32,311 120 8,030 — — — 351,191 — — — — — (166,982) — — — — — — 384 (20,558) 324 (17,661) — — — — — — — — — — — — — 30,029 2,210 7,069 316,609 — — — — — — — (104,722) — — — — — — — 217 (13,463) — — — — — — — — — — — 16,632 8,258 9,680 292,435 — — — — — — — — — 200 (12,337) 183 (12,160) — — — — 21,488 — 202 (13,136) — — (111,026) — — — — — — — — — — — 20,941 (20,558) 14,650 120 8,030 (166,982) — — — — — — (175,543) — 16,566 2,210 7,069 (104,722) — — — — — — — 82,296 (12,337) 4,472 8,258 9,680 8,352 (111,026) (20,558) 14,650 120 8,030 (166,982) — 16,566 2,210 7,069 (104,722) (12,337) 4,472 8,258 9,680 8,352 (111,026) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 898,586 2,349,428 4,305 (202,346) (25,623) 3,020,049 34,924 3,054,973 — (3,219) (3,219) — 292,435 3,044 295,479 82,296 82,296 Balance, December 31, 2014 74,004 $ 4 $954,644 $2,530,837 4,890 $(239,979) $ 56,673 $ 3,302,179 $ 34,027 $3,336,206 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 84 — (3,941) (3,941) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands) Cash Flows From Operating Activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Provision for credit losses Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights Net unrealized losses (gains) from derivatives Tax effect from equity compensation, net Change in bank-owned life insurance Share-based compensation Depreciation and amortization Net amortization of securities discounts and premiums Net realized losses (gains) on financial instruments and other assets Net gain on mortgage loans held for sale Mortgage loans originated for resale Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for resale Capitalized mortgage servicing rights Change in trading and fair value option securities Change in receivables Change in other assets Change in accrued interest, taxes and expense Change in other liabilities Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities Cash Flows From Investing Activities: Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of investment securities Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of available for sale securities Purchases of investment securities Purchases of available for sale securities Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities Change in receivables on unsettled securities sales Loans originated net of principal collected Net proceeds from (payments on) derivative asset contracts Acquisitions, net of cash acquired Proceeds from disposition of assets Purchases of assets Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Cash Flows From Financing Activities: Net change in demand deposits, transaction deposits and savings accounts Net change in time deposits Net change in other borrowings Repayment of subordinated debentures Net payments or proceeds on derivative liability contracts Net change in derivative margin accounts Change in amount due on unsettled security purchases Issuance of common and treasury stock, net Sale of non-controlling interest Tax effect from equity compensation, net Repurchase of common stock Dividends paid Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Cash paid for interest Cash paid for taxes Net loans transferred to real estate and other repossessed assets Residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that became eligible for repurchase during the year Conveyance of other real estate owned guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Issuance of shares in settlement of deferred compensation, net See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 85 2014 Year Ended 2013 2012 $ 295,479 $ 318,931 $ 354,124 — 16,445 (6,495) (8,258) (9,086) 9,680 56,032 57,202 (1,362) (62,053) (4,484,394) 4,441,819 (54,413) (243,265) (7,103) 77,907 (115,772) 1,007 (36,630) 63,258 1,635,533 (44,723) (3,045,077) 2,664,740 (57,085) (1,346,995) (247,726) (21,898) 273,271 (307,318) (434,020) 958,809 (87,277) 511,776 — 257,439 84,365 244,800 4,472 — 8,258 (12,337) (111,026) 1,859,279 1,388,629 1,087,213 2,475,842 65,721 67,199 79,464 144,630 44,963 8,352 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ (27,900) (22,720) 16,256 (2,210) (10,155) 7,069 53,261 62,274 (12,586) (84,403) (4,081,390) 4,254,151 (49,431) 237,581 (3,122) 76,257 18,192 (13,735) 736,320 143,445 2,650,045 (326,815) (4,287,146) 2,436,093 193,878 (441,474) 59,390 (7,500) 229,405 (212,292) 437,029 (637,734) (271,999) (111,905) — (64,724) 51,646 (251,713) 16,566 — 2,210 — (104,722) (1,372,375) (199,026) 1,286,239 1,087,213 69,830 132,176 86,868 $ $ $ $ 127,572 43,901 $ $ — $ (22,000) 9,210 (984) (120) (11,089) 8,030 54,935 87,769 (15,097) (120,599) (3,708,350) 3,731,830 (42,191) 226,144 9,244 10,999 23,424 (3,729) 591,550 111,511 4,456,363 (172,327) (7,334,843) 1,744,662 (135,901) (1,077,075) (13,273) (23,615) 170,907 (94,756) (2,368,347) 2,830,470 (413,990) 210,607 (53,705) (7,560) 39,237 (355,918) 14,650 300 120 (20,558) (166,982) 2,076,671 299,874 986,365 1,286,239 90,137 158,703 133,502 121,432 89,223 — $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (1) Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The Consolidated Financial Statements of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial” or “the Company”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP"), including interpretations of U.S. GAAP issued by federal banking regulators and general practices of the banking industry. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries, principally BOKF, NA (“the Bank”), BOSC, Inc., The Milestone Group, Inc. and Cavanal Hill Investment Management, Inc. All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, non-controlling interests and results of operations of variable interest entities (“VIEs”) when BOK Financial is determined to be the primary beneficiary. Variable interest entities are generally defined as entities that either do not have sufficient equity to finance their activities without support from other parties or whose equity investors lack a controlling financial interest. See additional discussion of variable interest entities at Note 14 following. Nature of Operations BOK Financial, through its subsidiaries, provides a wide range of financial services to commercial and industrial customers, other financial institutions, municipalities, and consumers. These services include depository and cash management; lending and lease financing; mortgage banking; securities brokerage, trading and underwriting; and personal and corporate trust. The Bank operates as Bank of Oklahoma primarily in Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of the state of Oklahoma and Bank of Texas primarily in the Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston metropolitan areas of the state of Texas. In addition, the Bank does business as Bank of Albuquerque in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Colorado State Bank and Trust in Denver, Colorado; Bank of Arizona in Phoenix, Arizona; Bank of Kansas City in Kansas City, Missouri/Kansas and Bank of Arkansas in Northwest Arkansas. The Bank also operates the TransFund electronic funds network. Use of Estimates Preparation of BOK Financial's consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates of future economic activities, including loan collectability, prepayments and cash flows from customer accounts. These estimates are based upon current conditions and information available to management. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates. Acquisitions Assets and liabilities acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. The purchase price includes consideration paid at closing and the estimated fair value of contingent consideration that will be paid in the future, subject to achieving defined performance criteria. Goodwill is recognized as the excess of the purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Consolidated Statements of Earnings include the results of operations from the acquisition date. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and intangible assets generally result from business combinations and are evaluated for each of BOK Financial's reporting units for impairment annually or more frequently if conditions indicate impairment. The evaluation of possible impairment of goodwill and intangible assets involves significant judgment based upon short-term and long-term projections of future performance. 86 Reporting units are defined by the Company as significant lines of business within each operating segment. This definition is consistent with the manner in which the chief operating decision maker assesses the performance of the Company and makes decisions concerning the allocation of resources. The Company qualitatively assesses whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units are less than their carrying value. This assessment includes consideration of relevant events and circumstances including but not limited to macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, the financial and stock performance of the Company and other relevant factors. Quantitative analysis may be undertaken to support the qualitative assessment. The fair value of BOK Financial's reporting units is estimated by the discounted future earnings method. Income growth is projected for each reporting unit and a terminal value is computed. This projected income stream is converted to current fair value by using a discount rate that reflects a rate of return required by a willing buyer. Assumptions used to determine the fair value of the reporting units are compared to observable inputs, such as the market value of BOK Financial common stock. However, determination of the fair value of individual reporting units requires the use of significant unobservable inputs. There have been no changes in the techniques used to evaluate the carrying value of goodwill. Intangible assets are generally composed of customer relationships, naming rights, non-compete agreements and core deposit premiums. They are amortized using accelerated or straight-line methods, as appropriate, over the estimated benefit periods. These periods range from 3 years to 20 years. The net book values of identifiable intangible assets are evaluated for impairment when economic conditions indicate impairment may exist. Cash Equivalents Due from banks, funds sold (generally federal funds sold for one day), resell agreements (which generally mature within one to 30 days) and investments in money market funds are considered cash equivalents. Securities Securities are identified as trading, investment (held to maturity) or available for sale at the time of purchase based upon the intent of management, liquidity and capital requirements, regulatory limitations and other relevant factors. Trading securities, which are acquired for profit through resale, are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in current period earnings. Investment securities are carried at amortized cost. Amortization is computed by methods that approximate level yield and is adjusted for changes in prepayment estimates. Securities identified as available for sale are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded, net of deferred income taxes, as accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. Available for sale securities are separately identified as pledged to creditors if the creditor has the right to sell or re-pledge the collateral. The purchase or sale of securities is recognized on a trade date basis. Realized gains and losses on sales of securities are based upon specific identification of the security sold. A receivable or payable is recognized for subsequent transaction settlement. BOK Financial will periodically commit to purchase to-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities. These commitments are carried at fair value if they are considered derivative contracts. Investment securities may be sold or transferred to trading or available for sale classification in certain limited circumstances specified in generally accepted accounting principles. Securities meeting certain criteria may also be transferred from the available for sale classification to the investment securities portfolio at fair value on the date of transfer. The unrealized gain or loss at the date of transfer is retained in accumulated other comprehensive income and in the carrying value of the investment securities portfolio. Such amounts are amortized over the estimated remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the related amortization of the premium or accretion of the discount on the transferred securities. On a quarterly basis, the Company performs separate evaluations of impaired debt investment and available for sale securities and equity available for sale securities to determine if the decline in fair value below the amortized cost is other-than- temporary. For debt securities, management determines whether it intends to sell or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell impaired securities. This determination considers current and forecasted liquidity requirements and securities portfolio management. If the Company intends to sell or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the impaired debt security, a charge is recognized against earnings for the entire unrealized loss. For all impaired debt securities for which there is no intent or expected requirement to sell, the evaluation considers all available evidence to assess whether it is more likely than not that all amounts due would not be collected according to the security's contractual terms. Any expected credit loss due to the inability to collect all amounts due according to the security's contractual terms is recognized as a charge against earnings. Any remaining unrealized loss related to other factors would be recognized in other comprehensive income, net of taxes. 87 For equity securities, management evaluates various factors including cause, severity and duration of the decline in value of the security and prospects for recovery, as well as the Company's intent and ability not to sell the security until the fair value exceeds amortized cost. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other-than-temporary, a charge is recognized against earnings for the difference between the security's amortized cost and fair value. BOK Financial has elected to carry certain non-trading securities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in current period income. These securities are held with the intent that gains or losses will offset changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights or certain derivative instruments. Restricted equity securities represent equity interests the Company is required to hold in the Federal Reserve Banks and Federal Home Loan Banks. Restricted equity securities are carried at cost as theses securities do not have a readily determined fair value because ownership of these shares is restricted and they lack a market. Derivative Instruments Derivative instruments may be used by the Company as part of its interest rate risk management programs or may be offered to customers. All derivative instruments are carried at fair value. The determination of fair value of derivative instruments considers changes in interest rates, commodity prices and foreign exchange rates. Credit risk is also considered in determining fair value. Deterioration in the credit rating of customers or other counterparties reduces the fair value of asset contracts. Deterioration of our credit rating to below investment grade or the credit ratings of other counterparties could decrease the fair value of our derivative liabilities. Changes in fair value are generally reported in income as they occur. Derivative instruments used to manage interest rate risk consist primarily of interest rate swaps. These contracts modify the interest income or expense of certain assets or liabilities. Amounts receivable from or payable to counterparties are reported in interest income or expense using the accrual method. Changes in fair value of interest rate swaps are reported in other operating revenue - gain (loss) on derivatives, net. In certain circumstances, an interest rate swap may be designated as a fair value hedge and may qualify for hedge accounting. In these circumstances, changes in the full fair value of the hedged asset or liability, not only changes in fair value due to changes in the benchmark interest rate, are also recognized in earnings and may partially or completely offset changes in fair value of the interest rate swap. A fair value hedge is considered effective if the cumulative fair value adjustment of the interest rate swap is within a range of 80% to 120% of the cumulative change in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability. Any ineffectiveness, including ineffectiveness due to credit risk or ineffectiveness created when the fixed rate of the hedged asset or liability does not match the fixed rate of the interest rate swap, is recognized in earnings and reported in Gain (loss) on derivatives, net. Interest rate swaps may be designated as cash flow hedges of variable rate assets or liabilities, or of anticipated transactions. Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income to the extent they are effective. The amount recorded in other comprehensive income is reclassified to earnings in the same periods as the hedged cash flows impact earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in fair value is reported in current earnings. If a derivative instrument that had been designated as a fair value hedge is terminated or if the hedge designation is removed or deemed to no longer be effective, the difference between the hedged items carrying value and its face amount is recognized into income over the remaining original hedge period. Similarly, if a derivative instrument that had been designated as a cash flow hedge is terminated or if the hedge designation is removed or deemed to no longer be effective, the amount remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income is reclassified to earnings in the same period as the hedged item. BOK Financial offers programs that permit its customers to manage various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and other agricultural products, interest rates and foreign exchanges rates with derivative contracts. Derivative contracts are executed between the customers and BOK Financial. Offsetting contracts are executed between BOK Financial and other selected counterparties to minimize market risk from changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The counterparty contracts are identical to customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing spread or fee paid to BOK Financial as profit and compensation for administrative costs and credit risk which is recognized over the life of the contracts and included in other operating revenue - brokerage and trading revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. When bilateral netting agreements exist between the Company and its counterparties that create a single legal claim or obligation to pay or receive the net amount in settlement of the individual derivative contracts, the Company reports derivative assets and liabilities on a net by counterparty basis. 88 Derivative contracts may also require the Company to provide or receive cash margin as collateral for derivative assets and liabilities. Derivative assets and liabilities are reported net of cash margin when certain conditions are met. Loans Loans are either secured or unsecured based on the type of loan and the financial condition of the borrower. Repayment is generally expected from cash flow or proceeds from the sale of selected assets of the borrower. BOK Financial is exposed to risk of loss on loans due to the borrower's financial difficulties, which may arise from any number of factors, including problems within the respective industry or local economic conditions. Access to collateral, in the event of borrower default, is reasonably assured through adherence to applicable lending laws and through sound lending standards and credit review procedures. Accounting policies for all loans, excluding residential loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are as follows. Interest is accrued at the applicable interest rate on the outstanding principal amount. Loans are placed on nonaccruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal or interest is uncertain. Internally risk graded loans are individually evaluated for nonaccruing status quarterly. Non-risk graded loans are generally placed on nonaccruing status when 90 days or more past due or within 60 days of being notified of the borrower's bankruptcy filing. Interest previously accrued but not collected is charged against interest income when the loan is placed on nonaccruing status. Payments received on nonaccruing loans are applied to principal or recognized as interest income, according to management's judgment as to the collectability of principal. Loans may be returned to accruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest, including principal previously charged off, is probable based on improvements in the borrower's financial condition or a sustained period of performance. Loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties may be modified in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). All TDRs are classified as nonaccruing. Modifications generally consist of extension of payment terms or interest rate concessions and may result either voluntarily through negotiations with the borrower or involuntarily through court order. Generally, principal and accrued but unpaid interest is not voluntarily forgiven. Performing loans may be renewed under the current collateral, debt service ratio and other underwriting standards. Nonaccruing loans may also be renewed and will remain classified as nonaccruing. All loans are charged-off when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer supported by the paying capacity of the borrower or when the required cash flow is reduced in a TDR. The charge-off amount is determined through an evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated quarterly and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans that are past due between 60 days and 180 days, based on the loan product type, are charged off. Loans to borrowers whose personal obligation has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings are charged off within 60 days of notice of the bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status. Loan origination and commitment fees and direct loan acquisition and origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the loan or over the commitment period, as applicable. Amortization does not anticipate loan prepayments. Net unamortized fees are recognized in full at time of payoff. Qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have been sold into GNMA pools. Under certain performance conditions specified in government programs, the Company has the right, but not the obligation to repurchase loans from GNMA pools. These loans no longer qualify for sale accounting and are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Guaranteed loans are considered to be impaired because we do not expect to receive all principal and interest based on the loan's contractual terms. The principal balance continues to be guaranteed, however, interest accrues at a curtailed rate as specified in the programs. The carrying value of these loans is reduced based on an estimate of expected cash flows discounted at the original note rate plus a liquidity spread. Guaranteed loans may be modified in TDRs in accordance with U.S. government agency guidelines. Interest continues to accrue at the modified rate. U.S. government guaranteed loans may either be resold into GNMA pools after a performance period specified by the programs or foreclosed and conveyed to the guarantors. Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk (collectively "Allowance for Credit Losses") is assessed by management based on an ongoing quarterly evaluation of the probable estimated losses inherent in the portfolio, including probable losses on outstanding loans and unused commitments to provide financing. 89 Loans are disaggregated into portfolio segments and further disaggregated into classes. The portfolio segment is the level at which the Company develops and documents a systematic method for determining its Allowance for Credits Losses. Classes are based on the risk characteristics of the loans and the Company's method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances based on factors that affect more than one portfolio segment. There were no changes to the methodology for estimating general allowances during 2014 or 2013. Loans are considered to be impaired when it becomes probable that BOK Financial will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated individually for impairment. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers' ability to repay. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans are small balance, homogeneous pools of loans that are not risk graded. Non-risk graded loans are identified as impaired based on performance status. Generally, non-risk graded loans 90 days or more past due, modified in a troubled debt restructuring or in bankruptcy are considered to be impaired. Specific allowances for impaired loans are measured by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. The fair value of real property held as collateral is generally based on third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, less estimated selling costs. Appraised values are on an “as-is” basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. Updated appraisals are obtained at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. Collateral value of mineral rights is generally determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. The value of other collateral is generally determined by our special assets staff based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. Collateral values and available cash resources that support impaired loans are evaluated quarterly. Historical statistics may be used as a practical way to estimate impairment in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is identified as impaired at the end of a reporting period until an appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed. Estimates of future cash flows and collateral values require significant judgments and may be volatile. General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on an estimated loss rate by loan class. The appropriate historical gross loss rate for each loan class is determined by the greater of the current loss rate based on the most recent twelve months or a ten- year average gross loss rate. Recoveries are not directly considered in the estimation of historical loss rates. Recoveries generally do not follow predictable patterns and are not received until well-after the charge-off date as a result of protracted legal actions. For risk graded loans, historical gross loss rates are adjusted for changes in risk grading. For each loan class, the current weighted average risk grade is compared to the long-term weighted average risk grade. This comparison determines whether credit risk in each loan class is increasing or decreasing. Historical loss rates are adjusted upward or downward in proportion to changes in average risk grading. General allowances for unimpaired loans also consider inherent risks identified for each loan class. Inherent risks consider loss rates that most appropriately represent the current credit cycle and other factors attributable to a specific loan class which have not yet been represented in the historical gross loss rates or risk grading. These factors include changes in commodity prices or engineering imprecision which may affect the value of reserves that secure our energy loan portfolio, construction risk that may affect commercial real estate loans, changes in regulations and public policy that may disproportionately impact health care loans and changes in loan products. Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentration in large-balance loans and other relevant factors. An accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is included in Other liabilities. The appropriateness of the accrual is determined in the same manner as the allowance for loan losses. A provision for credit losses is charged against or credited to earnings in amounts necessary to maintain an appropriate Allowance for Credit Losses. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are added to the allowance when received. Transfers of Financial Assets BOK Financial regularly transfers financial assets as part of its mortgage banking activities and periodically may transfer other financial assets. Transfers are recorded as sales when the criteria for surrender of control are met. 90 The Company has elected to carry certain residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value under the fair value option. Changes in fair value are recognized in net income as they occur. These loans are reported separately in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and changes in fair value are recorded in other operating revenue - mortgage banking revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Fair value of conforming residential mortgage loans that will be sold to U.S. government agencies is based on sales commitments or market quotes considered Level 2 inputs. Fair value of mortgage loans that are unable to be sold to U.S. government agencies is based on Level 3 inputs using quoted prices of loans that are sold in securitization transactions with a liquidity discount applied. The fair value is corroborated with an independent third party on at least an annual basis. BOK Financial retains a repurchase obligation under underwriting representations and warranties related to residential mortgage loans transferred and generally retains the right to service the loans. The Company may incur a recourse obligation in limited circumstances. Separate accruals are recognized in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for repurchase and recourse obligations. These reserves reflect the estimated amount of probable loss the bank will incur as a result of repurchasing a loan, indemnifications, and other settlement resolutions. Repurchases of loans with an origination defect that are also credit impaired are considered collateral dependent and are initially recognized at net realizable value (appraised value less the cost to sell). The difference between unpaid principal balance and net realizable value is not accreted. Repurchases of loans with an origination defect that are not credit impaired are carried at fair value as of the repurchase date. Interest income continues to accrue on these loans and the discount is accreted over the estimated life of the loan. The accrual for credit losses related to recourse loans for principal and interest is performed by Credit Administration and subject to oversight by the Finance/Credit Administration Allowance Committee while all other mortgage related accruals are reviewed monthly by the Mortgage Contingency Loss Accrual Committee which is subject to oversight by Finance. The Company may also choose to purchase GNMA loans once certain mandated delinquency criteria are met. The loans that are eligible and are chosen to be repurchased are carried at fair value based on expected cash flow discounted using the average agency guaranteed debenture rates, average actual principal loss rates and liquidity premium. The Company may also retain a residual interest in excess cash flows generated by the assets. All assets obtained, including cash, servicing rights and residual interests, and all liabilities incurred, including recourse obligations, are initially recognized at fair value, all assets transferred are derecognized and any gain or loss on the sale is recognized in earnings. Subsequently, servicing rights and residual interest are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they occur. Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets Real estate and other repossessed assets are acquired in partial or total forgiveness of loans. These assets are carried at the lower of cost, which is determined by fair value at date of foreclosure less estimated disposal costs, or current fair value less estimated disposal costs. Decreases in fair value below cost are recognized as asset-specific valuation allowances which may be reversed when supported by future increases in fair value. Fair values of real estate are based on “as is” appraisals which are updated at least annually or more frequently for certain asset types or assets located in certain distressed markets. Fair values based on appraisals are generally considered to be based on significant other observable inputs. The Company also considers decreases in listing price and other relevant information in quarterly evaluations and reduces the carrying value of real estate and other repossessed assets when necessary. Fair values based on list prices and other relevant information are generally considered to be based on significant unobservable inputs. Additional costs incurred to complete real estate and other repossessed assets may increase the carrying value, up to current fair value based on “as completed” appraisals. The fair value of mineral rights included in repossessed assets are generally determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. The value of other repossessed assets is generally determined by our special assets staff based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. Income generated by these assets is recognized as received. Operating expenses are recognized as incurred. Gains or losses on sales of real estate and other repossessed assets are based on the cash proceeds received less the cost basis of the asset, net of any valuation allowances. 91 Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment are carried at cost, including capitalized interest when appropriate, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets or, for leasehold improvements, over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or remaining lease terms. Useful lives range from 5 years to 40 years for buildings and improvements, 3 years to 10 years for software and 3 years to 10 years for furniture and equipment. Construction in progress represents facilities construction and data processing systems projects underway that have not yet been placed into service. Depreciation and amortization begin once the assets are placed into service. Repair and maintenance costs, including software maintenance and enhancement costs, are charged to expense as incurred. Premises no longer used by the Company are transferred to real estate and other repossessed assets. The transferred amount is the lower of cost less accumulated depreciation or fair value less estimated disposal costs as of the transfer date. Rent expense for leased premises is recognized as incurred over the lease term. The effects of rent holidays, significant rent escalations and other adjustments to rent payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Mortgage Servicing Rights Mortgage servicing rights may be purchased or may be recognized when mortgage loans are originated pursuant to an existing plan for sale or, if no such plan exists, when the mortgage loans are sold. All mortgage servicing rights are carried at fair value. Changes in the fair value are recognized in earnings as they occur. There is no active market for trading in mortgage servicing rights after origination. A cash flow model is used to determine fair value. Key assumptions and estimates, including projected prepayment speeds and assumed servicing costs, earnings on escrow deposits, ancillary income and discount rates, used by this model are based on current market sources. Assumptions used to value mortgage servicing rights are considered significant unobservable inputs. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The prepayment model is updated daily for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual performance of BOK Financial's servicing portfolio. Fair value estimates from outside sources are received at least annually to corroborate the results of the valuation model. Federal and State Income Taxes BOK Financial and its subsidiaries file consolidated tax returns. The subsidiaries provide for income taxes on a separate return basis and remit to BOK Financial amounts determined to be currently payable. BOK Financial is agent for its subsidiaries under the Company's tax sharing agreements and has no ownership rights to any refunds received for the benefit of its subsidiaries. Current income tax expense or benefit is based on an evaluation that considers estimated taxable income, tax credits, and statutory federal and state income tax rates. The amount of current income tax expense or benefit recognized in any period may differ from amounts reported to taxing authorities. Annually, tax returns are filed with each jurisdiction where the Company conducts business and recognized current income tax expense or benefit is adjusted to the filed tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based upon the differences between the values of assets and liabilities as recognized in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion of the entire deferred tax asset may not be realized based on taxes previously paid in net loss carry-back periods and other factors. BOK Financial has unrecognized tax benefits, which are included in accrued current income taxes payable, for the uncertain portion of recorded tax benefits and related interest. These uncertainties result from the application of complex tax laws, rules, regulations and interpretations, primarily in state taxing jurisdictions. Unrecognized tax benefits are assessed quarterly and may be adjusted through current income tax expense in future periods based on changing facts and circumstances, completion of examinations by taxing authorities or expiration of a statute of limitations. Estimated penalties and interest on uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax expense. 92 Employee Benefit Plans BOK Financial sponsors a defined benefit cash balance pension plan (“Pension Plan”), qualified profit sharing plan (“Thrift Plan”) and employee health care plans. Pension Plan costs, which are based upon actuarial computations of current costs, are expensed annually. Unrecognized prior service cost and net gains or losses are amortized on a straight-line basis over a period not to exceed the average remaining service periods of the participants. Employer contributions to the Pension Plan are in accordance with Federal income tax regulations. Pension Plan benefits were curtailed as of April 1, 2006. No participants may be added to the Pension Plan and no additional service benefits will be accrued. BOK Financial recognizes the funded status of its employee benefit plans. For a pension plan, the funded status is the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation measured as of the fiscal year-end date. Adjustments required to recognize the Pension Plan's net funded status are made through accumulated other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes. Employer contributions to the Thrift Plan, which matches employee contributions subject to percentage and years of service limits, are expensed when incurred. BOK Financial recognizes the expense of health care benefits on the accrual method. Share-Based Compensation Plans BOK Financial awards stock options and non-vested common shares as compensation to certain officers. Compensation cost is generally fixed based on the grant date fair value of the award. The grant date fair value of stock options is based on the Black- Scholes option pricing model. Stock options generally have graded vesting over 7 years. Each tranche is considered a separate award for valuation and compensation cost recognition. Grant date fair value of non-vested shares is based on the current market value of BOK Financial common stock. Non-vested shares awarded prior to 2013 generally cliff vest in 5 years. Non- vested shares awarded since January 1, 2013 generally cliff vest in 3 years and are subject to a two year holding period after vesting. Shares awarded under the Executive Incentive Plan are subject to downward adjustment at the discretion of the Incentive Compensation Committee. Compensation cost of non-vested shares granted under the Executive Incentive Plan may vary based on changes in the fair value of BOKF common shares. Compensation cost is recognized as expense over the service period, which is generally the vesting period. Expense is reduced for estimated forfeitures over the vesting period and adjusted for actual forfeitures as they occur. Stock-based compensation awarded to certain officers has performance conditions that affect the number of awards granted. Compensation cost is adjusted based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions. Excess tax benefits from share-based payments recognized in capital surplus are determined by the excess of tax benefits recognized over the tax effect of compensation cost recognized. Dividends on non-vested shares that are not subject to forfeiture are recognized as expense. Other Operating Revenue Fees and commission revenue is recognized at the time the related services are provided or products are sold and may be accrued when necessary. Accrued fees and commissions are reversed against revenue if amounts are subsequently deemed to be uncollectible. Revenue is recognized on a gross basis whenever we have primary responsibility and risk in providing the services or products to our customers and on a net basis whenever we act as a broker for products or services of others. Brokerage and trading revenue includes changes in the fair value of securities held for trading purposes and derivatives held for customer risk management programs, including credit losses on trading securities and derivatives, commissions earned from the retail sale of securities, mutual funds and other financial instruments, and underwriting and financial advisory fees. Transaction card revenue includes merchant discounts fees, electronic funds transfer network fees and check card fees. Merchant discount fees represent fees paid by customers for account management and electronic processing of transactions. Merchant discount fees are recognized at the time the customer's transactions are processed or other services are performed. The Company also maintains the TransFund electronic funds transfer network for the benefit of its members, which includes the Bank. Electronic funds transfer fees are recognized as electronic transactions processed on behalf of its members. Check card fees represent interchange fees paid by a merchant bank for transactions processed from cards issued by the Company. Check card fees are recognized when transactions are processed. Trust fees and commissions include revenue from asset management, custody, recordkeeping, investment advisory and administration services. Revenue is recognized on an accrual basis at the time the services are performed and may be based on either the fair value of the account or the service provided. 93 Deposit service charges and fees are recognized at least quarterly in accordance with a published deposit account agreements and disclosure statements for retail accounts or contractual agreements for commercial accounts. Item charges for overdraft or non-sufficient funds items are recognized as items are presented for payment. Account balance charges and activity fees are accrued monthly and collected in arrears. Commercial account activity fees may be offset by an earnings credit based on account balances. Newly Adopted and Pending Accounting Pronouncements Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-08, Financial Services – Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement, and Disclosure Requirements ("ASU 2013-08") On June 7, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-08 which amends the criteria an entity would need to meet to qualify as an investment company under ASC 946, Financial Services - Investment Companies. ASU 2013-08 also provides additional implementation guidance for the assessment and requires additional disclosures. ASU 2013-08 was effective prospectively during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2013, with early adoption prohibited. The adoption of ASU 2013-08 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects ("ASU 2014-01") On January 15, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-01 to simplify the amortization method an entity uses and modify the criteria to elect a measurement and presentation alternative, including the simplified amortization method, for certain investments in qualified affordable housing projects. This alternative permits the entity to present the investment's performance net of the related tax benefits as part of income tax expense. ASU 2014-01 was effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. Adoption of ASU 2014-01 may affect income statement presentation, but otherwise did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-04, Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans Upon Foreclosure ("ASU 2014-04") On January 17, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-04 to clarify when an entity is considered to have obtained physical possession (from an in-substance possession or foreclosure) of a residential real estate property collateralizing a mortgage loan. Upon physical possession of such real property, an entity is required to reclassify the nonperforming mortgage loan to other real estate owned. ASU 2014-04 was effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. Adoption of ASU 2014-04 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09") On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue by providing a more robust framework that will give greater consistency and comparability in revenue recognition practices. In the new framework, an entity recognizes revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for goods or services. The new model requires the identification of performance obligations included in contracts with customers, a determination of the transaction price and an allocation of the price to those performance obligations. The entity recognizes revenue when performance obligations are satisfied. ASU 2014-09 is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on the Company's financial statements. 94 FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans Upon Foreclosure ("ASU 2014-14") On August 8, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-14 to give greater consistency in the classification of government-guaranteed loans upon foreclosure. ASU 2014-14 applies to all loans that contain a government guarantee that is not separable from the loan or for which the creditor has both the intent and ability to recover a fixed amount under the guarantee by conveying the property to the guarantor. Upon foreclosure, the creditor should reclassify the mortgage loan to an other receivable that is separate from loans and should measure the receivable at the amount of the loan balance expected to be recovered from the guarantor. ASU 2014-14 was effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. At January 1, 2015, approximately $50 million of real estate owned was reclassified from Real estate and other repossessed assets to Receivables on the balance sheet with adoption of ASC 2014-14. FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share is More Akin to Debt or to Equity ("ASU 2014-16") On November 3, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-16 to eliminate the use of different methods and reduce diversity under GAAP in the accounting for hybrid financial instruments issued in the form of a share. For hybrid financial instruments issued in the form of share, an entity should determine the nature of the host contract by considering all stated and implied substantive terms and features of the hybrid financial instrument. The entity should determine the nature of the host contract by considering the economic characteristics and risks of the entire hybrid financial instrument, including the embedded derivative feature that is being evaluated for separate accounting from the host contract. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. Adoption of ASU 2014-16 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis ("ASU 2015-02") On February 18, 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02 to address concerns that current U.S. GAAP may require a reporting entity to consolidate another legal entity where the reporting entity's contractual rights do not give it the ability to act primarily on its own behalf, the reporting entity does not hold a majority of the legal entity's voting rights, or the reporting entity is not exposed to a majority of the legal entity's economic benefits or obligations. The amendments affect limited partnerships and similar legal entities, the evaluation of fees paid to a decision maker or a service provider as a variable interest, the effect of fee arrangements and related parties on the primary beneficiary determination, and certain investment funds. The ASU will be effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2015 for public companies. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2015-02 will have on the Company's financial statements. (2) Securities Trading Securities The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in trading securities is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 Fair Value Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) Fair Value Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) U.S. government agency debentures $ 85,092 $ (62) $ 34,120 $ U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total 31,199 38,951 33,458 269 18 (38) 21,011 27,350 9,135 $ 188,700 $ 187 $ 91,616 $ 77 123 (182) (7) 11 95 Investment Securities The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2014 Amortized Cost Carrying Value1 Fair Value Gross Unrealized2 Loss Gain Municipal and other tax-exempt securities $ 405,090 $ 405,090 $ 408,344 $ 4,205 $ (951) U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities – Other Other debt securities Total 35,135 211,520 35,750 211,520 37,463 227,819 1,713 16,956 — (657) $ 651,745 $ 652,360 $ 673,626 $ 22,874 $ (1,608) 1 Carrying value includes $615 thousand of net unrealized gain which remains in Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to certain securities transferred from the Available for Sale securities portfolio to the Investment securities portfolio as discussed in greater detail following. 2 Gross unrealized gains and losses are not recognized in AOCI in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. December 31, 2013 Amortized Cost Carrying Value1 Fair Value Gross Unrealized2 Loss Gain Municipal and other tax-exempt securities $ 440,187 $ 440,187 $ 439,870 $ 2,452 $ (2,769) U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities – Other Other debt securities 48,351 187,509 50,182 187,509 51,864 195,393 1,738 8,497 (56) (613) Total (3,438) 1 Carrying value includes $1.8 million of net unrealized gain which remains in AOCI in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to certain securities 687,127 676,047 677,878 12,687 $ $ $ $ $ transferred from the Available for Sale securities portfolio to the Investment securities portfolio as discussed in greater detail following. 2 Gross unrealized gains and losses are not recognized in AOCI in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In 2011, the Company transferred certain U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities from the available for sale portfolio to the investment securities (held-to-maturity) portfolio as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity. No gains or losses were recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings at the time of the transfer. Transfers of debt securities into the investment securities portfolio (held-to-maturity) are made at fair value at the date of transfer. The unrealized holding gain or loss at the date of transfer is retained in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and in the carrying value of the investment securities portfolio. Such amounts are amortized over the estimated remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the related amortization of the premium or accretion of the discount on the transferred securities. At the time of transfer, the fair value totaled $131 million, amortized cost totaled $118 million and the pretax unrealized gain totaled $13 million. 96 The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2014, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the following table (dollars in thousands): Municipal and other tax-exempt securities: Carrying value Fair value Nominal yield¹ Other debt securities: Carrying value Fair value Nominal yield Total fixed maturity securities: Carrying value Fair value Nominal yield Residential mortgage-backed securities: Carrying value Fair value Nominal yield4 Total investment securities: Carrying value Fair value Nominal yield Less than One Year One to Five Years Six to Ten Years Over Ten Years Total 44,255 44,381 $ 299,934 $ 300,434 $ 22,429 22,666 38,472 40,863 $ 405,090 408,344 1.71% 1.74% 3.91% 5.37% 2.20% Weighted Average Maturity² 3.80 $ 15,918 15,925 37,726 38,509 $ 58,338 61,430 $ 99,538 $ 211,520 9.18 111,955 227,819 3.32% 4.96% 5.19% 6.12% 5.45% 60,173 60,306 $ 337,660 $ 338,943 80,767 84,096 $ 138,010 $ 616,610 5.65 152,818 636,163 2.14% 2.10% 4.83% 5.91% 3.31% $ $ $ ³ $ 35,750 37,463 2.74% $ 652,360 673,626 3.28% 1 Calculated on a taxable equivalent basis using a 39% effective tax rate. 2 Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty. 3 The average expected lives of residential mortgage-backed securities were 2.8 years based upon current prepayment assumptions. 4 The nominal yield on residential mortgage-backed securities is based upon prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may differ significantly based upon actual prepayments. See Quarterly Financial Summary - Unaudited for current yields on the investment securities portfolio. 97 Available for Sale Securities The amortized cost and fair value of available for sale securities are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2014 Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized1 Loss Gain OTTI² U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: U. S. government agencies: FNMA FHLMC GNMA Other $ 1,005 $ 1,005 $ — $ 63,018 63,557 1,280 — $ (741) 3,932,200 1,810,476 801,820 4,808 3,997,428 1,836,870 807,443 5,143 71,200 29,043 8,240 335 (5,972) (2,649) (2,617) — Total U.S. government agencies 6,549,304 6,646,884 108,818 (11,238) Private issue: Alt-A loans Jumbo-A loans Total private issue 65,582 88,778 154,360 71,952 94,005 165,957 Total residential mortgage-backed securities 6,703,664 6,812,841 Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds 2,064,091 2,048,609 9,438 22,171 18,603 9,212 24,277 19,444 6,677 5,584 12,261 121,079 4,437 26 2,183 871 — — — (11,238) (19,919) (252) (77) (30) Total $ 8,881,990 1 Gross unrealized gain/loss recognized in AOCI in the consolidated balance sheet. 2 Amounts represent unrealized loss that remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income. 8,978,945 129,876 $ $ $ (32,257) $ — — — — — — — (307) (357) (664) (664) — — — — (664) 98 Amortized Cost Fair Value December 31, 2013 Gross Unrealized¹ Gain Loss OTTI² U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: U. S. government agencies: FNMA FHLMC GNMA Other $ 1,042 $ 1,042 $ — $ — $ 73,232 73,775 1,606 (1,063) 4,224,327 2,308,341 1,151,225 36,296 4,232,332 2,293,943 1,152,128 37,607 68,154 25,813 9,435 1,311 (60,149) (40,211) (8,532) — Total U.S. government agencies 7,720,189 7,716,010 104,713 (108,892) Private issue: Alt-A loans Jumbo-A loans Total private issue 104,559 109,622 214,181 107,212 113,887 221,099 4,386 4,974 9,360 — — — Total residential mortgage-backed securities 7,934,370 7,937,109 114,073 (108,892) Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds 2,100,146 2,055,804 35,061 22,171 19,069 35,241 22,863 21,328 1,042 368 705 2,326 (45,384) (188) (13) (67) Total $ 10,185,091 1 Gross unrealized gain/loss recognized in AOCI in the consolidated balance sheet. 2 Amounts represent unrealized loss that remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income. $ 10,147,162 120,120 $ $ (155,607) $ — — — — — — — (1,733) (709) (2,442) (2,442) — — — — (2,442) 99 The amortized cost and fair values of available for sale securities at December 31, 2014, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the following table (dollars in thousands): U.S. Treasury securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Municipal and other tax-exempt securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield¹ Commercial mortgage-backed securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Other debt securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Total fixed maturity securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Residential mortgage-backed securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield4 Perpetual preferred stock. equity securities and mutual funds: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Total available-for-sale securities: Amortized cost Fair value Nominal yield Less than One Year One to Five Years Six to Ten Years Over Ten Years6 Total Weighted Average Maturity5 $ 1,005 1,005 0.24% 7,134 7,197 $ — $ — $ — $ — —% — —% — —% 29,750 30,603 2,288 2,496 23,846 23,261 3.68% 4.05% 6.48% 1.92% 1,005 1,005 0.24% 63,018 63,557 3.29% — — —% 5,038 5,065 2.12% 912,178 906,081 808,792 803,324 343,121 339,204 2,064,091 2,048,609 1.43% 1.68% 1.33% 1.51% — — —% — — —% 4,400 4,147 1.71% 9,438 9,212 1.93% 0.13 8.27 8.56 15.38 $ 13,177 13,267 $ 941,928 $ 811,080 $ 371,367 $ 2,137,552 8.58 936,684 805,820 366,612 2,122,383 2.82% 1.52% 1.69% 1.38% 1.57% 2 ³ $ 6,703,664 6,812,841 1.95% $ 40,774 43,721 1.28% $ 8,881,990 8,978,945 1.85% 1 Calculated on a taxable equivalent basis using a 39% effective tax rate. 2 The average expected lives of mortgage-backed securities were 3.4 years based upon current prepayment assumptions. 3 Primarily common stock and preferred stock of corporate issuers with no stated maturity. 4 The nominal yield on mortgage-backed securities is based upon prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may differ significantly based upon actual prepayments. See Quarterly Financial Summary –– Unaudited following for current yields on available for sale securities portfolio. 5 Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities, because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty. 6 Nominal yield on municipal and other tax-exempt securities and other debt securities with contractual maturity dates over ten years are based on variable rates which generally are reset within 35 days. 100 Sales of available for sale securities resulted in gains and losses as follows (in thousands): Proceeds Gross realized gains Gross realized losses Related federal and state income tax expense Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 2,664,740 $ 2,436,093 1,744,662 24,923 (23,384) 599 25,711 (14,991) 4,170 41,191 (7,346) 13,166 A summary of investment and available for sale securities that have been pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements, public trust funds on deposit and for other purposes, as required by law was as follows (in thousands): Investment: Carrying value Fair value Available for sale: Amortized cost Fair value December 31, 2014 2013 $ 63,495 $ 65,855 89,087 91,804 5,855,220 5,893,972 5,171,782 5,133,530 No trading securities were pledged as collateral as of December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. 101 Temporarily Impaired Securities as of December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Investment: Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for sale: Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: U. S. government agencies: FNMA FHLMC GNMA Total U.S. agencies Private issue1: Alt-A loans Jumbo-A loans Total private issue Total residential mortgage-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Number of Securities Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss 78 84 162 $ $ 112,677 31,274 143,951 $ $ 426 637 1,063 $ $ 60,076 761 60,837 $ $ 525 20 545 $ $ 172,753 32,035 204,788 $ $ 951 657 1,608 Number of Securities Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss 22 $ 10,838 $ 12 $ 12,176 $ 729 $ 23,014 $ 741 24 16 5 45 4 8 12 57 104 2 2 68 257,854 62,950 8,550 329,354 11,277 — 11,277 340,631 547 37 12 596 307 — 307 903 454,394 310,834 128,896 894,124 — 10,020 10,020 5,425 2,612 2,605 712,248 373,784 137,446 5,972 2,649 2,617 10,642 1,223,478 11,238 — 357 357 11,277 10,020 21,297 307 357 664 904,144 10,999 1,244,775 11,902 223,106 454 1,238,376 19,465 1,461,482 19,919 — 2,898 — — 77 — 4,150 — 1,205 252 — 30 4,150 2,898 1,205 252 77 30 32,921 Total available for sale securities 1 Includes securities for which an unrealized loss remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income. $ 2,737,524 $ 2,160,051 577,473 31,475 1,446 255 $ $ $ $ 102 Temporarily Impaired Securities as of December 31, 2013 (In thousands) Number of Securities Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss 107 $ 166,382 $ 1,921 $ 53,073 $ 848 $ 219,455 $ 2,769 2 30 15,224 10,932 56 549 — 777 — 64 15,224 11,709 56 613 139 $ 192,538 $ 2,526 $ 53,850 $ 912 $ 246,388 $ 3,438 Number of Securities Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss 27 $ 13,286 $ 245 $ 17,805 $ 818 $ 31,091 $ 1,063 81 50 27 2,281,491 1,450,588 647,058 60,149 40,211 8,532 158 4,379,137 108,892 — — — — 7 9 16 11,043 14,642 25,685 756 709 1,465 30,774 — 30,774 — — — — 977 — 977 2,281,491 1,450,588 647,058 60,149 40,211 8,532 4,379,137 108,892 41,817 14,642 56,459 1,733 709 2,442 174 4,404,822 110,357 30,774 977 4,435,596 111,334 Investment: Municipal and other tax- exempt securities U.S. Agency residential mortgage- backed securities – Other Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for sale: Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: U. S. government agencies: FNMA FHLMC GNMA Total U.S. agencies Private issue1: Alt-A loans Jumbo-A loans Total private issue Total residential mortgage-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds 123 1,800,717 45,302 2,286 3 1 118 4,712 4,988 2,070 188 13 67 — — — 82 — — — 1,803,003 45,384 4,712 4,988 2,070 188 13 67 158,049 Total available for sale securities 1 Includes securities for which an unrealized loss remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income. $ 6,281,460 $ 6,230,595 156,172 50,865 1,877 446 $ $ $ $ On a quarterly basis, the Company performs separate evaluations of impaired debt and equity investments and available for sale securities to determine if the unrealized losses are temporary. For debt securities, management determines whether it intends to sell or if it is more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell impaired securities. This determination considers current and forecasted liquidity requirements, regulatory and capital requirements and securities portfolio management. Based on this evaluation as of December 31, 2014, we do not intend to sell any impaired available for sale securities before fair value recovers to our current amortized cost and it is more-likely-than-not that we will not be required to sell impaired securities before fair value recovers, which may be maturity. Impairment of debt securities rated investment grade by all nationally-recognized rating agencies is considered temporary unless specific contrary information is identified. None of the debt securities rated investment grade were considered to be other-than- temporarily impaired at December 31, 2014. 103 At December 31, 2014, the composition of the Company’s investment and available for sale securities portfolios by the lowest current credit rating assigned by any of the three nationally-recognized rating agencies is as follows (in thousands): U.S. Govt/GSE 1 AAA - AA A - BBB Below Investment Grade Not Rated Total Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Investment: Municipal and other tax- exempt U.S. government agency mortgage- backed securities -- Other Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for Sale: $ — $ — $ 264,326 $264,651 $ 13,676 $ 13,806 $ — $ — $ 127,088 $129,887 $ 405,090 $ 408,344 35,750 37,463 — — — — 160,353 176,915 — — — — — — — — — — 35,750 37,463 51,167 50,904 211,520 227,819 $ 35,750 $ 37,463 $ 424,679 $441,566 $ 13,676 $ 13,806 $ — $ — $ 178,255 $180,791 $ 652,360 $ 673,626 U.S. Govt / GSE 1 AAA - AA A - BBB Below Investment Grade Not Rated Total Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value U.S. Treasury $ 1,005 $ 1,005 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,005 $ 1,005 — — 40,511 41,579 11,053 10,516 — — 11,454 11,462 63,018 63,557 Municipal and other tax- exempt Residential mortgage- backed securities: U. S. government agencies: FNMA FHLMC GNMA Other Total U.S. government agencies Private issue: Alt-A loans Jumbo-A loans Total private issue Total residential mortgage- backed securities Commercial mortgage- backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds 3,932,200 3,997,428 1,810,476 1,836,870 801,820 807,443 4,808 5,143 6,549,304 6,646,884 — — — — — — 6,549,304 6,646,884 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 65,582 71,952 88,778 94,005 154,360 165,957 — 154,360 165,957 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3,932,200 3,997,428 1,810,476 1,836,870 801,820 807,443 4,808 5,143 — 6,549,304 6,646,884 — — — 65,582 71,952 88,778 94,005 154,360 165,957 — 6,703,664 6,812,841 — — — 2,064,091 2,048,609 9,438 9,212 22,171 24,277 2,064,091 2,048,609 — — — — 4,400 4,149 5,038 5,063 — — — — — 11,406 12,508 10,765 11,769 — — — — — — — 4 517 — — — — 18,599 18,927 18,603 19,444 Total available for sale securities $ 8,978,945 1 U.S. government and government sponsored enterprises are not rated by the nationally-recognized rating agencies as these securities are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government or $ 8,881,990 $ 8,696,498 $ 8,614,400 $ 165,125 $177,726 $ 30,389 $ 46,245 $ 28,087 27,497 30,053 44,915 $ $ $ government-sponsored enterprises. 104 At December 31, 2014, the entire portfolio of privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities was rated below investment grade by at least one of the nationally-recognized rating agencies. The gross unrealized loss on these securities totaled $664 thousand. Ratings by the nationally-recognized rating agencies are subjective in nature and accordingly ratings can vary significantly amongst the agencies. Limitations generally expressed by the rating agencies include statements that ratings do not predict the specific percentage default likelihood over any given period of time and that ratings do not opine on expected loss severity of an obligation should the issuer default. As such, the impairment of securities rated below investment grade by at least one of the nationally- recognized rating agencies was evaluated to determine if we expect not to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. This evaluation was based on projections of estimated cash flows based on individual loans underlying each security using current and anticipated increases in unemployment and default rates, changes in housing prices and estimated liquidation costs at foreclosure. The primary assumptions used in this evaluation were: Unemployment rate Housing price appreciation/depreciation Estimated liquidation costs Discount rates 1 Federal Housing Finance Agency December 31, 2014 2013 Held constant at 5.6% over the next 12 months and remain at 5.6% thereafter. Increasing to 7.3% over the next 12 months and remain at 7.3% thereafter Starting with current depreciated housing prices based on information derived from the FHFA1, appreciating 3.2% over the next 12 months, then flat for the following 12 months and then appreciating at 2% per year thereafter. Starting with current depreciated housing prices based on information derived from the FHFA1, appreciating 4% over the next 12 months, then flat for the following 12 months and then appreciating at 2% per year thereafter. Reflect actual historical liquidations costs observed on Jumbo and Alt-A residential mortgage loans in securities owned by the Company. Reflect actual historical liquidations costs observed on Jumbo and Alt-A residential mortgage loans in securities owned by the Company. Estimated cash flows were discounted at rates that range from 2.00% to 6.25% based on our current expected yields. Estimated cash flows were discounted at rates that range from 2.00% to 6.25% based on our current expected yields. We also consider the current loan-to-value ratio and remaining credit enhancement as part of the assessment of the cash flows available to recover the amortized cost of the debt securities. Each factor is considered in the evaluation. The Company calculates the current loan-to-value ratio for each mortgage-backed security using loan-level data. Current loan-to-value ratio is the current outstanding loan amount divided by an estimate of the current home value. The current home value is derived from FHFA data. FHFA provides historical information on home price depreciation at both the Metropolitan Statistical Area and state level. This information is matched to each loan to estimate the home price depreciation. Data is accumulated from the loan level to determine the current loan-to-value ratio for the security as a whole. Remaining credit enhancement is the amount of credit enhancement available to absorb current projected losses within the pool of loans that support the security. The Company acquires the benefit of credit enhancement by investing in super-senior tranches for many of our residential mortgage-backed securities. Subordinated tranches held by other investors are specifically designed to absorb losses before the super-senior tranches which added an additional layer to the typical credit support for these types of bonds. Current projected losses consider depreciation of home prices based on FHFA data, estimated costs and additional losses to liquidate collateral and delinquency status of the individual loans underlying the security. Credit loss impairment is recorded as a charge to earnings. Additional impairment based on the difference between the total unrealized loss and the estimated credit loss on these securities was charged against other comprehensive income, net of deferred taxes. The Company recognized no credit loss impairments on private-label residential mortgage-backed securities in earnings during 2014, $938 thousand in 2013 and $5.9 million in 2012. The Company recognized no credit loss impairment in earnings during 2014 for certain below investment grade municipal securities based on an assessment of the issuer's on-going financial difficulties and bankruptcy filing in 2011. The Company recognized $1.4 million in impairment charges on these securities in 2013 and $1.0 million of impairment losses on these securities in 2012. 105 A distribution of the amortized cost (after recognition of the other-than-temporary impairment), fair value and credit loss impairments recognized on our privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities is as follows (in thousands, except for number of securities): Credit Losses Recognized Year Ended December 31, 2014 Life-to-date Alt-A Jumbo-A Total Number of Securities Amortized Cost Fair Value Number of Securities Amount Number of Securities 14 30 44 $ $ 65,582 $ 71,952 88,778 94,005 154,360 $ 165,957 — $ — — $ — — — 14 29 43 Amount $ 36,127 18,220 $ 54,347 Impaired equity securities, including perpetual preferred stocks, are evaluated based on management's ability and intent to hold the securities until fair value recovers over periods not to exceed three years. The assessment of the ability and intent to hold these securities focuses on the liquidity needs, asset/liability management objectives and securities portfolio objectives. Factors considered when assessing recovery include forecasts of general economic conditions and specific performance of the issuer, analyst ratings and credit spreads for preferred stocks which have debt-like characteristics. The Company has evaluated the near-term prospects of the investments in relation to the severity and duration of the impairment and based on that evaluation has the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery in fair value. Based on this evaluation, $373 thousand other-than-temporary impairment losses were recorded in earnings on equity securities during 2014. All remaining impairment of equity securities was considered temporary at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. No other-than-temporary impairment loss related to equity securities was recorded in earnings in 2013 and $457 thousand in impairment losses were recorded in 2012. The following is a tabular roll forward of the amount of credit-related OTTI recognized on available for sale debt securities in earnings (in thousands): Balance of credit-related OTTI recognized on available for sale debt, beginning of period $ 67,346 $ 75,228 $ 76,131 Additions for credit-related OTTI not previously recognized Additions for increases in credit-related OTTI previously recognized when there is no intent to sell and no requirement to sell before recovery of amortized cost Reductions for change in intent to hold before recovery Sales — — — (12,999) 618 320 (3,589) (5,231) 113 6,780 — (7,796) Balance of credit-related OTTI recognized on available for sale debt securities, end of period $ 54,347 $ 67,346 $ 75,228 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Fair Value Option Securities Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value and separately identified on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur. Certain residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and derivative contracts are held as an economic hedge of the mortgage servicing rights. In addition, certain corporate debt securities are economically hedged by derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk. Derivative contracts that have not been designated as hedging instruments effectively modify these fixed rate securities into variable rate securities. The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in Fair value option securities is as follows (in thousands): U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other securities Total 106 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 Fair Value Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) Fair Value Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) $ $ 311,597 — 311,597 $ $ 1,624 — 1,624 $ $ 157,431 9,694 167,125 $ $ (8,378) 209 (8,169) Restricted Equity Securities Restricted equity securities include stock we are required to hold as members of the Federal Reserve system and the Federal Home Loan Banks ("FHLB"). Restricted equity securities are carried at cost as these securities do not have a readily determined fair value because ownership of these shares is restricted and they lack a market. A summary of restricted equity securities follows (in thousands): Federal Reserve Bank stock Federal Home Loan Bank stock Total December 31, 2014 2013 $ $ 35,018 $ 106,476 141,494 $ 33,742 51,498 85,240 107 (3) Derivatives The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in the balance sheet at December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Assets Notional1 Gross Fair Value Netting Adjustments Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral Cash Collateral Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral Customer risk management programs: Interest rate contracts To-be-announced residential mortgage- backed securities Interest rate swaps Energy contracts Agricultural contracts Foreign exchange contracts Equity option contracts $ 13,313,615 $ 94,719 $ (39,359) $ 55,360 $ — $ 1,165,568 35,405 579,801 141,166 47,657 290,965 194,960 1,904 238,395 10,834 — (48,624) (1,256) — — 35,405 92,542 648 238,395 10,834 — (71,310) — — — Total customer risk management programs 15,592,566 522,423 (89,239) 433,184 (71,310) Interest rate risk management programs — — — — — 55,360 35,405 21,232 648 238,395 10,834 361,874 — Total derivative contracts $ 15,592,566 $ 522,423 $ (89,239) $ 433,184 $ (71,310) $ 361,874 Liabilities Notional¹ Gross Fair Value Netting Adjustments Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral Cash Collateral Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral Customer risk management programs: Interest rate contracts To-be-announced residential mortgage- backed securities Interest rate swaps Energy contracts Agricultural contracts Foreign exchange contracts Equity option contracts $ 13,471,880 $ 91,949 $ (39,359) $ 52,590 $ (52,290) $ 1,165,568 35,599 579,801 142,839 47,418 290,856 194,960 1,908 238,118 10,834 — (48,624) (1,256) — — 35,599 94,215 652 238,118 10,834 (18,717) — (596) (6,703) — Total customer risk management programs 15,750,483 521,247 (89,239) 432,008 (78,306) Interest rate risk management programs 47,000 852 — 852 — 300 16,882 94,215 56 231,415 10,834 353,702 852 Total derivative contracts 1 Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the (89,239) $ 432,860 $ (78,306) $ $ 15,797,483 $ 522,099 $ 354,554 contract. When bilateral netting agreements exist between the Company and its counterparties that create a single legal claim or obligation to pay or receive the net amount in settlement of the individual derivative contracts, the Company reports derivative assets and liabilities on a net by counterparty basis. Derivative contracts may also require the Company to provide or receive cash margin as collateral for derivative assets and liabilities. Derivative assets and liabilities are reported net of cash margin when certain conditions are met. As of December 31, 2014, a decrease in credit rating to below investment grade would increase our obligation to post cash margin on existing contracts by approximately $19 million. 108 The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in the balance sheet at December 31, 2013 (in thousands): Assets Notional1 Gross Fair Value Netting Adjustments Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral Cash Collateral Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral Customer risk management programs: Interest rate contracts To-be-announced residential mortgage- backed securities Interest rate swaps Energy contracts Agricultural contracts Foreign exchange contracts Equity option contracts $ 10,817,159 $ 102,921 $ (46,623) $ 56,298 $ — $ 1,283,379 1,263,266 100,886 136,543 210,816 44,124 48,078 2,060 136,543 17,957 — (29,957) (1,166) — — 44,124 18,121 894 136,543 17,957 (731) (2,575) — (2,147) (3,472) (8,925) — 56,298 43,393 15,546 894 134,396 14,485 265,012 — Total customer risk management programs 13,812,049 351,683 (77,746) 273,937 Interest rate risk management programs — — — — Total derivative contracts $ 13,812,049 $ 351,683 $ (77,746) $ 273,937 $ (8,925) $ 265,012 Liabilities Notional¹ Gross Fair Value Netting Adjustments Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral Cash Collateral Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral Customer risk management programs: Interest rate contracts To-be-announced residential mortgage- backed securities Interest rate swaps Energy contracts Agricultural contracts Foreign exchange contracts Equity option contracts $ 10,982,049 $ 99,830 $ (46,623) $ 53,207 $ — $ 1,283,379 1,216,426 99,191 135,237 210,816 44,377 46,095 2,009 135,237 17,957 — (29,957) (1,166) — — 44,377 16,138 843 135,237 17,957 (17,853) (6,055) — (294) — Total customer risk management programs 13,927,098 345,505 (77,746) 267,759 (24,202) Interest rate risk management programs 47,000 3,628 — 3,628 — 53,207 26,524 10,083 843 134,943 17,957 243,557 3,628 Total derivative contracts 1 Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the (77,746) $ 271,387 $ (24,202) $ $ 13,974,098 $ 349,133 $ 247,185 contract. 109 The following summarizes the pre-tax net gains (losses) on derivative instruments and where they are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Brokerage and Trading Revenue Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net Brokerage and Trading Revenue Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net Brokerage and Trading Revenue Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net Customer risk management programs: Interest rate contracts To-be-announced residential mortgage- backed securities Interest rate swaps Energy contracts Agricultural contracts Foreign exchange contracts Equity option contracts Total customer risk management programs Interest rate risk management programs $ 27,007 $ — $ 29,614 $ — $ 25,509 $ 2,494 6,572 146 1,581 — 37,800 — — — — — — — 2,776 2,991 8,303 357 687 — 41,952 — — — — — — — (4,367) 3,458 8,171 382 612 — 38,132 — Total derivative contracts $ 37,800 $ 2,776 $ 41,952 $ (4,367) $ 38,132 $ — — — — — — — (301) (301) At December 31, 2014, BOK Financial had interest rate swaps with a notional value of $47 million used as part of the economic hedge of the change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. As discussed in Note 7, certain derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to mortgage loan commitments and forward sales contracts are included in Residential mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 7 for additional discussion of notional, fair value and impact on earnings of these contracts. Forward sales contracts are not considered swaps under the Commodity and Futures Trading Commission final rules. None of these derivative contracts have been designated as hedging instruments. (4) Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses The portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 Fixed Rate Variable Rate Non- accrual Total Fixed Rate Variable Rate Non- accrual Total Commercial $ 1,736,976 $ 7,345,167 $ 13,527 $ 9,095,670 $ 1,637,620 $ 6,288,841 $ 16,760 $ 7,943,221 Commercial real estate 721,513 1,988,080 Residential mortgage 1,698,620 102,865 202,771 331,274 18,557 48,121 566 2,728,150 770,908 1,603,595 1,949,512 1,783,614 434,705 135,494 226,092 244,951 40,850 42,320 1,219 2,415,353 2,052,026 381,664 Consumer Total Accruing loans past due (90 days)1 Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans $ 4,259,974 $ 9,867,292 $ 80,771 $ 14,208,037 $ 4,327,636 $ 8,363,479 $ 101,149 $ 12,792,264 $ 125 $ 8,170 $ 1,415 $ 9,815 1 Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government. 110 At December 31, 2014, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $4.9 billion or 34% of the total loan portfolio. Loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.4 billion or 24% of our total loan portfolio. Loans for which the collateral location is not relevant, such as unsecured loans and reserve-based energy loans, are distributed by the borrower’s primary operating location. These geographic concentrations subject the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas. At December 31, 2013, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $4.3 billion or 34% of the loan portfolio and loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.3 billion or 26% of the loan portfolio. Commercial Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten individually and represent on-going relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts receivable, operating equipment, interest in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the customer’s business. Inherent lending risk is centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies. At December 31, 2014, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $3.2 billion or 36% of the commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $2.0 billion or 22% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The commercial loan portfolio segment is further divided into loan classes. The energy loan class totaled $2.9 billion or 20% of total loans at December 31, 2014, including $2.5 billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. Approximately 59% of committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing oil and 41% are secured by properties producing natural gas. The services loan class totaled $2.5 billion at December 31, 2014. Approximately $1.2 billion of loans in the services category consist of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Businesses included in the services class include governmental, educational, utilities, not-for-profit and professional/technical services. At December 31, 2013, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $2.8 billion or 36% of the commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $1.9 billion or 23% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The energy loan class totaled $2.4 billion and the services loan class totaled $2.3 billion. Approximately $1.1 billion of loans in the services category consisted of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Commercial Real Estate Commercial real estate loans are for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by borrowers for investment purposes primarily within our geographical footprint. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies. At December 31, 2014, 34% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties primarily located in the Dallas and Houston areas of Texas. An additional 16% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties located primarily in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of Oklahoma. At December 31, 2013, 32% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties in Texas, 19% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma and 11% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties located primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico. 111 Residential Mortgage and Consumer Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the customer’s primary residence. Consumer loans include direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, recreational and marine equipment as well as other unsecured loans. Consumer loans also include indirect automobile loans made through primary dealers. Residential mortgage and consumer loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability. Residential mortgage loans retained in the Company’s portfolio are primarily composed of various mortgage programs to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and special loan programs for high net worth individuals and certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and are fully amortizing. Jumbo loans generally conform to government sponsored entity standards, except that the loan size exceeds maximums required under these standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 38%. Loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the market. Special mortgage programs include fixed and variable fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare professionals. Variable rate loans are fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust annually thereafter. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, residential mortgage loans included $206 million and $182 million, respectively, of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools. These loans either have been repurchased or are eligible to be repurchased by the Company when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Although payments on these loans generally are past due more than 90 days, interest continues to accrue based on the government guarantee. Home equity loans totaled $774 million at December 31, 2014 and $808 million at December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2014, 69% of the home equity loan portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 31% of the home equity portfolio was comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 71% to amortizing term loans and 29% to revolving lines of credit. At December 31, 2013, 70% of the home equity portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 30% of the home equity loan portfolio was comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 74% to amortizing term loans and 26% to revolving lines of credit. Home equity loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 40%. The maximum loan amount available for our home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 5 year revolving period followed by 15 year term of amortizing repayments. Interest-only home equity loans may not be extended for any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year revolving term subject to an update of certain credit information. At December 31, 2014, 38% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Oklahoma, 28% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Texas, 12% of residential mortgage are secured by properties located in New Mexico and 10% of residential mortgage are secured by properties located in Colorado. At December 31, 2013, 38% of residential mortgage loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma, 27% of residential mortgage were secured by properties in Texas and 10% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in New Mexico. Credit Commitments Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At December 31, 2014, outstanding commitments totaled $8.3 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based upon management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the underlying loan commitment. At December 31, 2014, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $448 million. Commercial letters of credit are used to facilitate customer trade transactions with the drafts being drawn when the underlying transaction is consummated. At December 31, 2014, outstanding commercial letters of credit totaled $6.7 million. 112 Allowances for Credit Losses BOK Financial maintains an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. The accrual for off- balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees. As discussed in greater detail in Note 7, the Company also has separate accruals related to off-balance sheet credit risk related to residential mortgage loans previously sold with full or partial recourse and for residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored agencies under standard representations and warranties. The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances based on general economic conditions, concentration in loans with large balances and other relevant factors. The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2014 is summarized as follows (in thousands): Commercial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgage Consumer Nonspecific Allowance Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance Provision for loan losses Loans charged off Recoveries Ending balance Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk: Beginning balance Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk Ending balance Total provision for credit losses $ $ $ $ $ 79,180 $ 41,573 $ 29,465 $ 6,965 $ 28,213 $ 185,396 9,561 (3,569) 5,703 (4,084) (2,047) 7,003 (3,559) (4,448) 2,000 (892) (6,168) 4,328 (168) — — 858 (16,232) 19,034 90,875 $ 42,445 $ 23,458 $ 4,233 $ 28,045 $ 189,056 119 356 475 9,917 $ $ $ 1,876 $ 90 $ 3 $ — $ 2,088 (1,169) 707 $ (62) 28 $ 17 20 $ — — $ (858) 1,230 (5,253) $ (3,621) $ (875) $ (168) $ — 113 The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2013 is summarized as follows (in thousands): Commercial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgage Consumer Nonspecific Allowance Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance Provision for loan losses Loans charged off Recoveries Ending balance Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk: Beginning balance Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk Ending balance Total provision for credit losses $ $ $ $ $ 65,280 $ 54,884 $ 41,703 $ 9,453 $ 44,187 $ 215,507 12,747 (6,335) 7,488 (16,886) (5,845) 9,420 (8,043) (5,753) 1,558 83 (7,349) 4,778 (15,974) — — (28,073) (25,282) 23,244 79,180 $ 41,573 $ 29,465 $ 6,965 $ 28,213 $ 185,396 475 $ 1,353 $ 78 $ 9 $ — $ 1,915 (356) 119 12,391 $ $ 523 1,876 $ 12 90 $ (16,363) $ (8,031) $ (6) 3 77 $ $ — — $ 173 2,088 (15,974) $ (27,900) The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2012 is summarized as follows (in thousands): Commercial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgage Consumer Nonspecific Allowance Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance Provision for loan losses Loans charged off Recoveries Ending balance Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk: Beginning balance Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk Ending balance $ $ $ $ 83,443 $ 67,034 $ 46,476 $ 10,178 $ 46,350 $ 253,481 (14,950) (9,341) 6,128 1 65,280 7,906 (7,431) 475 $ $ $ (6,214) (11,642) 5,706 3,346 (10,047) 1,928 5,327 (11,108) 5,056 (2,163) — — (14,654) (42,138) 18,818 54,884 $ 41,703 $ 9,453 $ 44,187 $ 215,507 1,250 $ 91 $ 14 $ — $ 9,261 103 1,353 $ (13) 78 $ (5) 9 $ — — $ (7,346) 1,915 Total provision for credit losses (22,000) 1 Includes $7.1 million of negative recovery related to a refund of a settlement between BOK Financial and the City of Tulsa invalidated by (2,163) $ (6,111) $ (22,381) 5,322 3,333 $ $ $ $ the Oklahoma Supreme Court. 114 The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): Collectively Measured for Impairment Individually Measured for Impairment Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance $ 9,082,143 $ 90,709 $ 13,527 $ 166 $ 9,095,670 $ Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total 2,709,593 1,901,391 434,139 42,404 23,353 4,233 14,127,266 160,699 18,557 48,121 566 80,771 Nonspecific allowance — — — 2,728,150 1,949,512 434,705 90,875 42,445 23,458 4,233 14,208,037 161,011 — 28,045 41 105 — 312 — Total $ 14,127,266 $ 160,699 $ 80,771 $ 312 $ 14,208,037 $ 189,056 The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Collectively Measured for Impairment Individually Measured for Impairment Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total $ 7,926,461 $ 78,607 $ 16,760 $ 2,374,503 2,010,483 380,445 41,440 29,217 6,965 40,850 41,543 1,219 12,691,892 156,229 100,372 Nonspecific allowance — — — 573 133 248 — 954 — $ 7,943,221 $ 2,415,353 2,052,026 381,664 79,180 41,573 29,465 6,965 12,792,264 157,183 — 28,213 Total $ 12,691,892 $ 156,229 $ 100,372 $ 954 $ 12,792,264 $ 185,396 115 Credit Quality Indicators The Company utilizes loan class and risk grading as primary credit quality indicators. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and consumer loans are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and consumer loans are small, homogeneous pools that are not risk graded. The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): Internally Risk Graded Non-Graded Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total $ 9,073,030 $ 90,085 $ 22,640 $ 790 $ 9,095,670 $ 2,728,150 192,303 343,227 42,445 2,996 1,506 — 1,757,209 91,478 12,336,710 137,032 1,871,327 — 20,462 2,727 23,979 2,728,150 1,949,512 434,705 14,208,037 161,011 90,875 42,445 23,458 4,233 Nonspecific allowance — — — — — 28,045 Total $ 12,336,710 $ 137,032 $ 1,871,327 $ 23,979 $ 14,208,037 $ 189,056 The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Internally Risk Graded Non-Graded Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total $ 7,888,219 $ 78,250 $ 55,002 $ 930 $ 7,943,221 $ 2,415,353 220,635 265,533 41,573 5,481 2,657 — 1,831,391 116,131 10,789,740 127,961 2,002,524 — 23,984 4,308 29,222 2,415,353 2,052,026 381,664 12,792,264 157,183 79,180 41,573 29,465 6,965 Nonspecific allowance — — — — — 28,213 Total $ 10,789,740 $ 127,961 $ 2,002,524 $ 29,222 $ 12,792,264 $ 185,396 Loans are considered to be performing if they are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement which is consistent with the regulatory guideline of “pass.” Performing also includes loans considered to be “other loans especially mentioned” by regulatory guidelines. Other loans especially mentioned are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement but may have a weakness that deserves management’s close attention. Performing loans also include past due residential mortgages that are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government. The risk grading process identified certain criticized loans as potential problem loans. These loans have a well-defined weakness (e.g. inadequate debt service coverage or liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is consistent with the regulatory guideline for “substandard.” Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, these loans were not placed in nonaccruing status. Known information does, however, cause concern as to the borrowers’ continued compliance with current repayment terms. Nonaccruing loans represent loans for which full collection of principal and interest in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements is uncertain. This is substantially the same criteria used to determine whether a loan is impaired and includes certain loans considered “substandard” and all loans considered “doubtful” by regulatory guidelines. 116 The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2014 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Internally Risk Graded Non-Graded Performing Potential Problem Nonaccruing Performing Nonaccruing Total $ 2,843,093 $ 15,919 $ 1,416 $ — $ — $ 2,860,428 2,497,888 1,301,026 527,951 1,449,024 389,378 9,008,360 127,437 662,335 411,548 691,053 428,817 362,375 15,140 8,141 4,193 4,565 3,293 5,201 4,149 450 1,380 823 51,251 13,419 10,855 628 576 13,245 — 724 5,299 3,926 3,420 — — 5,912 18,557 — — — — 22,532 22,532 — — — — — — — — — — — 108 108 — — — — — — — 2,518,229 1,313,316 532,594 1,454,969 416,134 9,095,670 143,591 666,889 415,544 704,298 428,817 369,011 2,728,150 Total commercial real estate 2,683,565 26,028 Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity 187,520 1,773 3,010 745,813 31,835 969,951 — — — — — — 202,238 764,047 3,712 9,564 205,950 773,611 Total residential mortgage 187,520 1,773 3,010 1,712,098 45,111 1,949,512 Consumer Total 343,041 19 167 91,079 399 434,705 $ 12,222,486 $ 79,071 $ 35,153 $ 1,825,709 $ 45,618 $ 14,208,037 117 The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2013 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Internally Risk Graded Non-Graded Performing Potential Problem Nonaccruing Performing Nonaccruing Total $ 2,347,519 $ 2,381 $ 1,860 $ — $ — $ 2,351,760 2,265,984 1,191,791 381,794 1,272,626 381,394 7,841,108 173,488 579,506 403,951 562,800 243,625 371,628 11,304 2,604 9,365 34 4,736 30,424 15,393 1,684 1,157 13,695 — 7,576 39,505 4,922 6,969 592 1,586 758 16,687 17,377 4,857 6,391 7 252 11,966 40,850 — — — — 54,929 54,929 — — — — — — — — — — — 73 73 — — — — — — — 2,282,210 1,201,364 391,751 1,274,246 441,890 7,943,221 206,258 586,047 411,499 576,502 243,877 391,170 2,415,353 Total commercial real estate 2,334,998 Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity 210,142 3,283 7,210 815,040 27,069 1,062,744 — — — — — — 180,821 800,420 777 7,264 181,598 807,684 Total residential mortgage 210,142 3,283 7,210 1,796,281 35,110 2,052,026 Consumer Total 264,536 795 202 115,114 1,017 381,664 $ 10,650,784 $ 74,007 $ 64,949 $ 1,966,324 $ 36,200 $ 12,792,264 118 Impaired Loans Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring and all loans repurchased from GNMA pool. A summary of impaired loans follows (in thousands): As of December 31, 2014 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Total With No Allowance With Allowance Related Allowance Year Ended December 31, 2014 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized $ Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1 Home equity Total residential mortgage $ 1,444 8,068 9,457 737 2,432 8,604 30,742 10,071 5,406 5,959 — — 11,954 33,390 $ 1,416 5,201 4,149 450 1,380 931 13,527 5,299 3,926 3,420 — — 5,912 1,416 4,487 4,117 450 1,380 931 12,781 5,192 3,926 3,420 — — 5,739 18,557 18,277 43,463 34,845 34,675 212,684 9,767 265,914 205,950 9,564 250,359 205,950 9,564 250,189 Consumer 584 566 566 $ — $ 714 32 — — — 746 107 — — — — 173 280 170 — — 170 — — $ 157 9 — — — 166 23 — — — — 18 41 $ 1,638 5,061 5,559 521 1,483 881 15,143 11,338 4,392 4,905 3 126 8,939 29,703 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 105 34,561 1,418 — — 105 — 194,017 8,414 236,992 8,342 — 9,760 893 — Total 1 All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of 330,630 283,009 282,731 281,813 1,196 312 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 9,760 contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2014, $3.7 million of these loans are nonaccruing and $202 million are accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies. Generally, no interest income is recognized on impaired loans until all principal balances, including amounts charged-off, have been recovered. 119 As of December 31, 2013 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Total With No Allowance With Allowance Related Allowance Year Ended December 31, 2013 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized $ 1,860 $ 1,860 $ 1,860 $ — $ — $ 2,160 $ Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial 6,486 11,009 746 2,193 8,532 30,826 20,804 6,133 7,848 7 252 4,922 6,969 592 1,586 831 16,760 17,377 4,857 6,391 7 252 3,791 6,937 592 1,538 831 15,549 17,050 4,857 6,383 7 252 Other commercial real estate 14,593 11,966 11,779 Total commercial real estate 49,637 40,850 40,328 Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1 Home equity Total residential mortgage 41,870 34,279 33,869 188,436 7,537 237,843 181,598 7,264 223,141 181,598 7,264 222,731 Consumer 1,228 1,219 1,219 1,131 32 — 48 — 1,211 327 — 8 — — 187 522 410 — — 410 — 516 9 — 48 — 573 8,506 5,023 1,300 2,376 1,249 20,614 107 21,754 — 8 — — 18 6,487 6,610 1,357 2,110 12,421 133 50,739 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 248 37,071 1,582 — — 248 — 165,509 6,760 209,340 6,961 — 8,543 1,965 — Total 1 All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2013, $777 thousand of these loans are nonaccruing and $181 million are accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies. 282,658 279,827 281,970 319,534 2,143 954 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,543 120 Troubled Debt Restructurings A summary of troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") by accruing status as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): As of December 31, 2014 Recorded Investment Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms Not Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms Amounts Charged-Off During the Year Ended December 31, 2014 Specific Allowance Nonaccruing TDRs: Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage Consumer Total nonaccruing TDRs Accruing TDRs: Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Total residential mortgage Total accruing TDRs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,666 3,381 340 — 674 6,061 3,140 3,600 2,324 — — 1,647 10,711 16,393 1,597 5,184 23,174 419 40,365 73,985 73,985 73,985 706 3,284 340 — 93 4,423 641 2,432 — — — 1,647 4,720 11,134 179 3,736 15,049 253 960 97 — — 581 1,638 2,499 1,168 2,324 — — — 5,991 5,259 1,418 1,448 8,125 166 24,445 15,920 17,274 17,274 17,274 56,711 56,711 56,711 148 9 — — — 157 23 — — — — — 23 105 — — 105 — 285 — — — — — — 3,000 — — 3,000 1,597 — — — — — 1,597 262 — 247 509 1 5,107 — — — Total TDRs $ 114,350 $ 41,719 $ 72,631 $ 285 $ 5,107 121 A summary of troubled debt restructurings by accruing status as of December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): As of December 31, 2013 Recorded Investment Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms Not Performing in Accordance With Modified Terms Amounts Charged-off During the Year Ended December 31, 2013 Specific Allowance $ — $ — $ — $ — $ Nonaccruing TDRs: Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Home equity Total residential mortgage Consumer Total nonaccuring TDRs Accruing TDRs: Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Total residential mortgage Total accruing TDRs 2,235 235 391 — 771 3,632 10,148 4,359 5,059 — — 5,011 24,577 18,697 4,045 22,742 1,008 51,959 54,322 54,322 54,322 852 89 — — 173 1,114 1,444 3,141 3,872 — — 2,885 11,342 12,214 3,531 15,745 758 1,383 146 391 — 598 2,518 8,704 1,218 1,187 — — 2,126 13,235 6,483 514 6,997 250 237 9 — — — 246 107 — — — — — 107 88 — 88 — — — — 154 — — 154 46 582 117 — — — 745 469 112 581 1 28,959 23,000 441 1,481 13,384 13,384 13,384 40,938 40,938 40,938 — — — — — — Total TDRs $ 106,281 $ 42,343 $ 63,938 $ 441 $ 1,481 122 Troubled debt restructurings generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed borrowers. The following table details the recorded balance of loans at December 31, 2014 by class that were restructured during the year ended December 31, 2014 by primary type of concession (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2014 Accruing Nonaccrual Payment Stream Combination & Other Total Interest Rate Payment Stream Combination & Other Total Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 15,386 — 17,293 32,679 — — 15,386 17,293 32,679 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3,261 — — 396 3,657 — — — — — — — 586 — — 586 — — — — — 81 81 — — — — — — — — 3,261 — — 477 3,738 — — — — — — — — — 3,261 — — 477 3,738 — — — — — — — 3,538 4,124 4,124 1,059 2,534 1,059 2,534 33,738 2,534 7,131 7,717 40,396 76 76 76 Consumer — — — Total $ 15,386 $ 17,293 $ 32,679 $ — $ 4,243 $ 7,288 $ 11,531 $ 44,210 123 The following table details the recorded balance of loans by class that were restructured during the year ended December 31, 2013 by primary type of concession (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2013 Accruing Nonaccrual Payment Stream Combination & Other Total Interest Rate Payment Stream Combination & Other Total Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 11,545 — 12,518 24,063 — — 11,545 12,518 24,063 — — — — 139 139 — — — — — — — — — — — 75 1,080 — 391 — — 1,471 — 486 2,819 — — 517 3,822 — — — — 57 57 — — — — — — — 1,080 1,080 — 391 — 196 1,667 — 391 — 196 1,667 — 486 — 486 2,819 2,819 — — — — 517 517 3,822 3,822 1,062 1,894 2,956 2,956 — — — — 2,800 2,800 24,063 2,800 1,062 4,694 5,756 29,819 — 638 713 713 Consumer — — — Total $ 11,545 $ 12,518 $ 24,063 $ 214 $ 6,355 $ 5,389 $ 11,958 $ 36,021 124 1,080 — 391 — 164 — 1,080 — 391 — 164 1,635 1,635 — 486 — 486 2,819 2,819 — — 517 3,822 586 — 590 — — 517 3,822 586 23,918 590 1,176 25,094 The following table summarizes, by loan class, the recorded investment at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively of loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 Accruing Nonaccrual Total Accruing Nonaccrual Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 13 13 — — — — — — — — — — — 13 13 — — — — — — — 2,836 2,836 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage 29,585 — 29,585 1,047 1,101 4,984 30,632 1,101 34,569 23,918 — 23,918 Consumer Total — 25 25 — 155 155 $ 29,585 $ 5,022 $ 34,607 $ 23,918 $ 6,788 $ 30,706 A payment default is defined as being 30 days or more past due. The table above includes loans that experienced a payment default during the period, but may be performing in accordance with the modified terms as of the balance sheet date. 125 Nonaccrual & Past Due Loans Past due status for all loan classes is based on the actual number of days since the last payment was due according to the contractual terms of the loans. A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Past Due Current 30 to 89 Days 90 Days or More Nonaccrual Total $ 2,857,082 $ 1,930 $ — $ 1,416 $ 2,860,428 2,511,892 1,309,167 532,144 1,453,409 415,030 9,078,724 133,642 662,963 412,124 704,298 428,817 362,529 2,704,373 1,136 — — 180 173 3,419 4,650 — — — — 570 5,220 929,090 5,970 — — — — — — — — — — — — — 46 5,201 4,149 450 1,380 931 2,518,229 1,313,316 532,594 1,454,969 416,134 13,527 9,095,670 5,299 3,926 3,420 — — 5,912 18,557 143,591 666,889 415,544 704,298 428,817 369,011 2,728,150 34,845 969,951 Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage 26,691 761,247 1,717,028 23,558 2,723 32,251 151,989 77 3,712 9,564 205,950 773,611 152,112 48,121 1,949,512 Consumer Total 433,590 547 2 566 434,705 $ 13,933,715 $ 41,437 $ 152,114 $ 80,771 $ 14,208,037 126 A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Commercial: Energy Services Wholesale/retail Manufacturing Healthcare Other commercial and industrial Total commercial Commercial real estate: Residential construction and land development Retail Office Multifamily Industrial Other commercial real estate Total commercial real estate Residential mortgage: Permanent mortgage Past Due Current 30 to 89 Days 90 Days or More Nonaccrual Total $ 2,347,267 $ 2,483 $ 150 $ 1,860 $ 2,351,760 2,276,036 1,193,905 391,159 1,272,660 440,973 7,922,000 188,434 580,926 404,505 576,495 243,625 376,699 2,370,684 1,210 338 — — 81 4,112 428 264 603 — — 1,493 2,788 42 152 — — 5 349 19 — — — — 1,012 1,031 4,922 6,969 592 1,586 831 2,282,210 1,201,364 391,751 1,274,246 441,890 16,760 7,943,221 17,377 4,857 6,391 7 252 11,966 40,850 206,258 586,047 411,499 576,502 243,877 391,170 2,415,353 1,018,670 9,795 — 34,279 1,062,744 Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Home equity Total residential mortgage 21,916 797,299 1,837,885 17,290 3,087 30,172 141,615 34 777 7,264 181,598 807,684 141,649 42,320 2,052,026 Consumer Total 379,417 1,027 1 1,219 381,664 $ 12,509,986 $ 38,099 $ 143,030 $ 101,149 $ 12,792,264 127 (5) Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment at December 31 are summarized as follows (in thousands): Land Buildings and improvements Software Furniture and equipment Construction in progress Subtotal Less accumulated depreciation Total December 31, 2014 2013 $ 71,371 $ 225,008 120,010 179,513 21,805 617,707 343,874 273,833 $ $ 75,859 221,326 103,473 163,013 31,027 594,698 316,849 277,849 Depreciation expense of premises and equipment was $33 million, $30 million and $33 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. (6) Goodwill and Intangible Assets On February 28, 2014, the Company acquired GTRUST Financial Corporation ("GTRUST"), a Topeka-based independent trust and asset management company with approximately $631 million of assets under management or custody at the date of acquisition. On April 30, 2014, the Company acquired MBM Advisors, a Houston-based independent, full service retirement and pension plan investment firm and an SEC registered investment adviser with approximately $1.3 billion of assets under management at the date of acquisition. The purchase price for acquisitions in 2014 totaled approximately $27 million including $23 million paid in cash and $4 million of contingent consideration. The purchase price allocation included $14 million of identifiable intangible assets and $18 million of goodwill. The pro-forma impact of these transactions was not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements. The following table presents the original cost and accumulated amortization of intangible assets (in thousands): Core deposit premiums Less accumulated amortization Net core deposit premiums Other identifiable intangible assets Less accumulated amortization Net other identifiable intangible assets December 31, 2014 2013 $ 33,749 $ 33,088 661 50,288 16,573 33,715 33,749 32,656 1,093 36,511 13,040 23,471 Total intangible assets, net $ 34,376 $ 24,564 128 Expected amortization expense for intangible assets that will continue to be amortized (in thousands): 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Thereafter Core Deposit Premiums Other Identifiable Intangible Assets $ 393 247 21 — — — $ 3,967 $ 3,967 3,735 3,078 2,816 16,152 $ 661 $ 33,715 $ Total 4,360 4,214 3,756 3,078 2,816 16,152 34,376 The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by operating segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 are as follows (in thousands): Balance, December 31, 2012 Goodwill Accumulated impairment losses Commercial Consumer Wealth Management Total $ 271,162 $ 39,251 $ 51,794 $ 362,207 — 271,162 (228) 39,023 — 51,794 (228) 361,979 Goodwill adjustments during 2013 (2,220) — — (2,220) Balance, December 31, 2013 Goodwill Accumulated impairment losses 268,942 — 268,942 39,251 (228) 39,023 51,794 — 51,794 359,987 (228) 359,759 Goodwill acquired during 2014 421 — 17,600 18,021 Balance, December 31, 2014 Goodwill Accumulated Impairment 269,363 — 39,251 (228) 69,394 — 378,008 (228) $ 269,363 $ 39,023 $ 69,394 $ 377,780 The annual goodwill evaluations for 2014 and 2013 did not indicate impairment for any reporting unit. Economic conditions did not indicate that impairment existed for any identifiable intangible assets and therefore no impairment evaluation was performed. 129 (7) Mortgage Banking Activities Residential Mortgage Loan Production The Company originates, markets and services conventional and government-sponsored residential mortgage loans. Generally, conforming fixed rate residential mortgage loans are held for sale in the secondary market and non-conforming and adjustable- rate residential mortgage loans are held for investment. All residential mortgage loans originated for sale by the Company are carried at fair value based on sales commitments and market quotes. Changes in the fair value of mortgage loans held for sale are included in Other operating revenue – Mortgage banking revenue. Residential mortgage loans held for sale also includes the fair value of residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sale commitments which are considered derivative contracts that have not been designated as hedging instruments. The volume of mortgage loans originated for sale and secondary market prices are the primary drivers of originating and marketing revenue. Residential mortgage loan commitments are generally outstanding for 60 to 90 days, which represents the typical period from commitment to originate a residential mortgage loan to when the closed loan is sold to an investor. Residential mortgage loan commitments are subject to both credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk is managed through underwriting policies and procedures, including collateral requirements, which are generally accepted by the secondary loan markets. Exposure to interest rate fluctuations is partially managed through forward sales of residential mortgage-backed securities and forward sales contracts. These latter contracts set the price for loans that will be delivered in the next 60 to 90 days. The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans held for sale, notional amounts of derivative contracts related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward contract sales and their related fair values included in Mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were (in thousands): Residential mortgage loans held for sale Residential mortgage loan commitments Forward sales contracts December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 Unpaid Principal Balance/ Notional Fair Value Unpaid Principal Balance/ Notional Fair Value $ 291,537 $ 298,212 $ 192,266 $ 193,584 520,829 701,066 9,971 (4,001) 258,873 435,867 2,656 4,306 $ 304,182 $ 200,546 No residential mortgage loans held for sale were 90 days or more past due or considered impaired as of December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. No credit losses were recognized on residential mortgage loans held for sale for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. Mortgage banking revenue was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended 2014 2013 2012 Production revenue: Net realized gains on sales of mortgage loans $ 56,696 $ 95,309 $ 115,879 Net change in unrealized gain on mortgage loans held for sale Change in the fair value of mortgage loan commitments Change in the fair value of forward sales contracts Total production revenue Servicing revenue Total mortgage banking revenue 5,357 7,315 (8,307) 61,061 48,032 (10,899) (10,077) 5,212 79,545 42,389 4,720 6,136 2,382 129,117 40,185 $ 109,093 $ 121,934 $ 169,302 Mortgage production revenue includes gain (loss) on residential mortgage loans held for sale and changes in the fair value of derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sales contracts. Servicing revenue includes servicing fee income and late charges on loans serviced for others. 130 Residential Mortgage Servicing The Company generally retains the right to service residential mortgage loans sold and may purchase mortgage servicing rights. The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others is the primary driver of servicing revenue. The following represents a summary of mortgage servicing rights (Dollars in thousands): Number of residential mortgage loans serviced for others 2014 117,483 December 31, 2013 106,137 2012 98,246 Outstanding principal balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others $ 16,162,887 $ 13,718,942 $ 11,981,624 Weighted average interest rate Remaining term (in months) 4.29% 296 4.40% 292 4.71% 289 Activity in capitalized mortgage servicing rights during the three years ended December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): Balance, December 31, 2011 Additions, net Change in fair value due to loan runoff Change in fair value due to market changes Balance, December 31, 2012 Additions, net Change in fair value due to loan runoff Change in fair value due to market changes Balance, December 31, 2013 Additions, net Change in fair value due to loan runoff Change in fair value due to market changes Balance, December 31, 2014 Purchased Originated Total $ 18,903 $ 67,880 $ — (4,164) (1,763) 12,976 — (3,029) 5,988 15,935 — (2,357) (2,464) 42,191 (14,788) (7,447) 87,836 49,431 (16,601) 16,732 137,398 54,413 (16,968) (13,981) 86,783 42,191 (18,952) (9,210) 100,812 49,431 (19,630) 22,720 153,333 54,413 (19,325) (16,445) $ 11,114 $ 160,862 $ 171,976 Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to market changes are included in Other operating revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Changes in fair value due to loan runoff are included in Mortgage banking costs. There is no active market for trading in mortgage servicing rights after origination. Fair value is determined by discounting the projected net cash flows. Significant assumptions used to determine fair value considered to be significant unobservable inputs were as follows: Discount rate – risk-free rate plus a market premium December 31, 2014 10.17% 2013 10.21% Prepayment rate – based upon loan interest rate, original term and loan type 7.70% - 30.44% 6.66% - 26.19% Loan servicing costs – annually per loan based upon loan type: Performing loans Delinquent loans Loans in foreclosure Escrow earnings rate – indexed to rates paid on deposit accounts with comparable average life $60 - $105 $150 - $500 $60 - $105 $150 - $500 $1,000 - $4,250 $1,000 - $4,250 1.77% 1.80% 131 Stratification of the residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio and outstanding principal of loans serviced for others by interest rate at December 31, 2014 follows (in thousands): Fair value $ 67,412 $ 80,405 $ 19,383 $ 4,776 $ 171,976 < 4.00% 4.00% - 4.99% 5.00% - 5.99% > 5.99% Total Outstanding principal of loans serviced for others Weighted average prepayment rate1 1 Annual prepayment estimates based upon loan interest rate, original term and loan type. Weighted average prepayment rate is determined 16,162,887 6,332,112 1,989,977 6,882,025 958,773 14.50% 30.44% 7.70% 8.58% 10.26% by weighting the prepayment speed for each loan by its unpaid principal balance. Changes in primary residential mortgage interest rates directly affect the prepayment speeds used in valuing our mortgage servicing rights. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The prepayment model is updated daily for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual performance of BOK Financial’s servicing portfolio. The interest rate sensitivity of our mortgage servicing rights net of securities and derivative contracts held as an economic hedge is modeled over a range of +/- 50 basis points. At December 31, 2014, a 50 basis point increase in mortgage interest rates is expected to increase the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedge by $4.7 million. A 50 basis point decrease in mortgage interest rates is expected to decrease the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedge by $4.6 million. In the model, changes in the value of servicing rights due to changes in interest rates assume stable relationships between residential mortgage rates and prepayment speeds. Changes in market conditions can cause variations from these assumptions. These factors and others may cause changes in the value of our mortgage servicing rights to differ from our expectations. The aging status of our mortgage loans serviced for others by investor at December 31, 2014 follows (in thousands): FHLMC FNMA GNMA Other Total Current 30 to 59 Days Past Due 60 to 89 Days 90 Days or More Total $ 5,289,078 $ 37,881 $ 9,418 $ 33,837 $ 5,370,214 5,200,509 4,920,064 422,598 27,089 132,680 6,674 5,736 34,602 1,491 $ 15,832,249 $ 204,324 $ 51,247 $ 22,087 13,594 5,549 75,067 5,255,421 5,100,940 436,312 $ 16,162,887 The Company has off-balance sheet credit risk related to residential mortgage loans sold to U.S. government agencies with recourse prior to 2008 under various community development programs. These loans consist of first lien, fixed-rate residential mortgage loans underwritten to standards approved by the agencies including full documentation and originated under programs available only for owner-occupied properties. However, these loans have a higher risk of delinquency and loss given default than traditional residential mortgage loans. The Company no longer sells residential mortgage loans with recourse other than obligations under standard representations and warranties. The recourse obligation relates to loan performance for the life of the loan and the Company is obligated to repurchase the loan at the time of foreclosure for the unpaid principal balance plus unpaid interest. The principal balance of residential mortgage loans sold subject to recourse obligations totaled $180 million at December 31, 2014 and $191 million at December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2014, approximately 4% of the loans sold with recourse with an outstanding principal balance of $7.1 million were either delinquent more than 90 days, in bankruptcy or in foreclosure and 5% with an outstanding balance of $8.4 million were past due 30 to 89 days. A separate accrual for these off- balance sheet commitments is included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The provision for credit losses on loans sold with recourse is included in Mortgage banking costs in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. 132 The activity in the accrual for losses on loans sold with recourse included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows (in thousands): Beginning balance Provision for recourse losses Loans charged off, net Ending balance Year Ended 2014 2013 2012 $ $ 9,562 $ 13,158 $ 18,683 354 (2,617) 517 (4,113) 7,299 $ 9,562 $ (100) (5,425) 13,158 The Company also has off-balance sheet obligations to repurchase or provide indemnification for residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored entities due to standard representations and warranties made under contractual agreements.The Company has established an accrual for credit losses related to potential loan repurchases under representations and warranties that is included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and in Mortgage banking costs in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. For 2014, the Company has repurchased 41 loans from the agencies for $6.5 million and recognized $62 thousand of related losses. In addition, the Company has paid indemnification for 17 loans and recognized $613 thousand of related losses during 2014. A summary of unresolved deficiency requests from the agencies follows (in thousands, except for number of unresolved deficiency requests): Number of unresolved deficiency requests 186 Aggregate outstanding principal balance subject to unresolved deficiency requests $ 15,328 $ Unpaid principal balance subject to indemnification by the Company 4,047 578 69,288 3,200 The activity in the accruals for mortgage losses is summarized as follows (in thousands). December 31, 2014 2013 Beginning balance Provision for losses Charge-offs, net Ending balance December 31, 2014 2013 $ $ 12,716 $ 7,200 (8,048) 11,868 $ 8,983 6,221 (2,488) 12,716 133 (8) Deposits Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows (in thousands): Transaction deposits Savings Time: Certificates of deposits under $100,000 Certificates of deposits $100,000 and over Other time deposits Total time Total Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 9,757 $ 11,155 $ 14,300 401 442 540 14,278 11,878 14,369 40,525 16,234 12,273 15,460 43,967 19,150 16,331 16,692 52,173 $ 50,683 $ 55,564 $ 67,013 The aggregate amounts of time deposits in denominations of $250,000 or more at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were $994 million and $988 million, respectively. Time deposit maturities are as follows: 2015 – $1.3 billion, 2016 – $519 million, 2017 – $170 million, 2018 – $201 million, 2019 – $81 million and $290 million thereafter. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had $334 million and $186 million, respectively, in fixed rate, brokered certificates of deposits. The weighted-average interest rate paid on these certificates was 2.59% in 2014 and 2.96% in 2013. The aggregate amount of overdrawn transaction deposits that have been reclassified as loan balances was $6.2 million at December 31, 2014 and $37 million at December 31, 2013. 134 (9) Other Borrowings Information relating to other borrowings is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands): As of Year Ended December 31, 2014 December 31, 2014 Balance Rate Average Balance Rate Maximum Outstanding At Any Month End Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries: Other Total Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries $ — — —% $ — — Subsidiary Bank: Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings: Federal Home Loan Bank advances GNMA repurchase liability Other Total other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total subsidiary bank 57,031 1,187,489 2,103,400 14,298 16,076 2,133,774 0.05 0.04 0.25 5.05 2.73 347,983 2.35 3,726,277 494,220 928,767 1,894,966 17,343 16,433 1,928,742 347,892 3,699,621 —% $ — — 0.07 0.06 0.24 5.20 2.32 0.35 2.50 0.43 1,548,676 1,187,489 3,453,400 24,980 16,582 347,983 Total other borrowed funds $ 3,726,277 $ 3,699,621 0.43% As of Year Ended December 31, 2013 December 31, 2013 Balance Rate Average Balance Rate Maximum Outstanding At Any Month End Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries: Other Total Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries $ — — —% $ 326 326 —% $ — — Subsidiary Bank: Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings: Federal Home Loan Bank advances GNMA repurchase liability Other Total other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total subsidiary bank 868,081 813,454 1,005,650 18,113 16,590 1,040,353 0.04 0.05 0.19 5.50 2.73 347,802 2.35 3,069,690 866,062 811,996 1,661,424 15,741 16,502 1,693,667 347,717 3,719,442 0.10 0.06 0.20 5.43 2.54 2.51 0.41 997,536 881,033 2,451,197 21,055 17,092 347,802 Total other borrowings $ 3,069,690 $ 3,719,768 0.40% 135 As of Year Ended December 31, 2012 December 31, 2012 Balance Rate Average Balance Rate Maximum Outstanding At Any Month End Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries: Other Total Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries $ 10,500 10,500 1.50% $ 394 394 1.11 1.11 $ 10,500 Subsidiary Banks: Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings: Federal Home Loan Bank advances GNMA repurchase liability Other Total other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total subsidiary banks 1,167,416 887,030 604,897 20,046 16,332 641,275 347,633 0.05 0.07 0.23 5.44 2.79 2.40 1,512,711 1,072,650 104,925 33,769 16,577 155,271 363,699 3,043,354 3,104,330 0.14 0.09 0.31 5.41 2.91 3.79 0.65 1,810,793 1,272,151 604,897 47,840 16,761 398,897 Total other borrowings $ 3,053,854 $ 3,104,724 0.65% Aggregate annual principal repayments at December 31, 2014 are as follows (in thousands): 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Thereafter Total Parent Company and Other Non-bank Subsidiaries Subsidiary Bank $ — $ 3,484,519 — — — — — 525 226,732 575 575 13,351 $ — $ 3,726,277 Funds purchased are unsecured and generally mature within one to ninety days from the transaction date. Securities repurchase agreements are recorded as secured borrowings that generally mature within ninety days and are secured by certain available for sale securities. There was no outstanding accrued interest payable related to repurchase agreements at December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. 136 Additional information relating to securities sold under agreements to repurchase and related liabilities at December 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows (dollars in thousands): Security Sold/Maturity Amortized Cost Market Value Repurchase Liability1 Average Rate December 31, 2014 U.S. Agency Securities: Overnight1 Long-term Total Agency Securities Security Sold/Maturity U.S. Agency Securities: Overnight1 Long-term Total Agency Securities $ $ $ $ 1,185,345 $ 1,192,361 — — 1,185,345 $ 1,192,361 $ $ 1,187,445 — 1,187,445 0.04% —% 0.04% December 31, 2013 Amortized Cost Market Value Repurchase Liability1 Average Rate 1,085,893 $ 1,075,821 — — 1,085,893 $ 1,075,821 $ $ 813,624 — 813,624 0.05 % — % 0.05 % 1 BOK Financial maintains control over the securities underlying overnight repurchase agreements and generally transfers control over securities underlying longer-term dealer repurchase agreements to the respective counterparty. Borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks are used for funding purposes. In accordance with policies of the Federal Home Loan Banks, BOK Financial has granted a blanket pledge of eligible assets (generally unencumbered U.S. Treasury and residential mortgage-backed securities, 1-4 family loans and multifamily loans) as collateral for these advances. The Federal Home Loan Banks have issued letters of credit totaling $315 million to secure BOK Financial’s obligations to depositors of public funds. The unused credit available to BOK Financial at December 31, 2014 pursuant to the Federal Home Loan Bank’s collateral policies is $1.9 billion. The Company has a $100 million senior unsecured 364 day revolving credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, administrative agent and other commercial banks (“the Credit Facility”). Interest on amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility is to be paid at a defined base rate minus 1.25% or LIBOR plus 1.00% based upon the Company’s option. Interest on amounts borrowed for certain acquisitions converted to a term loan at the Company's option is to be paid at a defined base rate minus 1.25% or LIBOR plus 1.25%. A commitment fee equal to 0.20% shall be paid quarterly on the unused portion of the credit commitment under the Credit Facility and there are no prepayment penalties. Any amounts outstanding at the end of the Credit Facility term shall be converted into a term loan which, except for amounts borrowed for certain acquisitions, shall be payable June 5, 2015. The Credit Facility contains customary representations and warranties, as well as affirmative and negative covenants, including limits on the Company’s ability to borrow additional funds, make investments or sell assets. These covenants also require BOKF to maintain minimum capital levels. At December 31, 2014, no amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility and the Company met all of the covenants. In addition, BOSC may borrow funds from Pershing, LLC ("Pershing"), a clearing broker/dealer and a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of New York Mellon, for the purposes of financing securities purchases or to facilitate funding of investment banking activities, on terms to be negotiated at the time of the borrowing. BOSC had no borrowings from Pershing outstanding at December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. In 2007, the Bank issued $250 million of subordinated debt due May 15, 2017. Interest on this debt was based upon a fixed rate of 5.75% through May 14, 2012 and is based on a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.69% thereafter. The proceeds of this debt were used to fund the Worth National Bank and First United Bank acquisitions and to fund continued asset growth. At December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013 $227 million of this subordinated debt remained outstanding. In 2005, the Bank issued $150 million of fixed rate subordinated debt due June 1, 2015. The cost of this subordinated debt, including issuance discounts and hedge loss is 5.56%. The proceeds of this debt were used to repay the unsecured revolving 137 line of credit and to provide additional capital to support asset growth. During 2006, an interest rate swap was designated as a hedge of changes in fair value of the subordinated debt due to changes in interest rates. The Company received a fixed rate of interest and paid a variable rate based on 1-month LIBOR. This fair value hedging relationship was discontinued and the interest rate swap was terminated in April 2007. At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, $122 million of this subordinated debt remains outstanding. The Company has a liability related to the repurchase of certain delinquent residential mortgage loans previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools. Interest is payable at rates contractually due to investors. 138 (10) Federal and State Income Taxes Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): Deferred tax assets: Available for sale securities mark to market Share-based compensation Credit loss allowances Valuation adjustments Deferred compensation Unearned fees Other Total deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Available for sale securities mark to market Depreciation Mortgage servicing rights Lease financing Other Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) December 31, 2014 2013 $ — $ 9,414 74,362 36,870 23,333 11,820 26,633 14,751 8,064 75,657 35,292 60,068 10,683 22,348 182,432 226,863 37,719 18,601 86,752 24,429 22,160 189,661 $ (7,229) $ — 17,333 72,235 23,202 18,494 131,264 95,599 The company determined that no valuation allowance was necessary on deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013. The significant components of the provision for income taxes attributable to continuing operations for BOK Financial are shown below (in thousands): Current income tax expense: Federal State Total current income tax expense Deferred income tax expense: Federal State Total deferred income tax expense Total income tax expense Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 85,990 $ 125,412 $ 159,706 9,392 95,382 14,381 139,793 19,103 178,809 36,521 2,949 39,470 15,915 1,590 17,505 8,664 1,267 9,931 $ 134,852 $ 157,298 $ 188,740 139 The reconciliations of income (loss) attributable to continuing operations at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to income tax expense are as follows (in thousands): Amount: Federal statutory tax Tax exempt revenue Effect of state income taxes, net of federal benefit Utilization of tax credits Bank-owned life insurance Reduction of tax accrual Other, net Total income tax expense Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 $ 150,616 $ 166,680 $ 190,003 (8,446) 9,054 (11,107) (3,183) (2,281) 199 (7,361) 10,937 (8,145) (3,596) (1,400) 183 (5,558) 13,684 (5,126) (3,850) (950) 537 $ 134,852 $ 157,298 $ 188,740 Due to the favorable resolution of certain tax issues for the periods ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, BOK Financial reduced its tax accrual by $2.3 million and $1.4 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, which was credited against current income tax expense. Percent of pretax income: Federal statutory tax Tax exempt revenue Effect of state income taxes, net of federal benefit Utilization of tax credits Bank-owned life insurance Reduction of tax accrual Other, net Total Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% (2.0) 2.1 (2.6) (0.7) (0.5) — (1.5) 2.3 (1.7) (0.8) (0.3) — (1.0) 2.5 (0.9) (0.7) (0.1) — 31.3% 33.0% 34.8% A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands): Balance as of January 1 Additions for tax for current year positions Settlements during the period Lapses of applicable statute of limitations Balance as of December 31 2014 2013 2012 $ 12,058 $ 12,275 $ 3,813 — (2,497) 2,730 — (2,947) 12,230 3,976 (1,000) (2,931) $ 13,374 $ 12,058 $ 12,275 Of the above unrecognized tax benefits, $8.7 million, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. BOK Financial recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company recognized $1.5 million for 2014, $1.2 million for 2013 and $1.2 million for 2012 in interest and penalties. The Company had approximately $3.6 million and $2.9 million accrued for the payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Federal statutes remain open for federal tax returns filed in the previous three reporting periods. Various state income tax statutes remain open for the previous three to six reporting periods. The Internal Revenue Service completed an audit of the Company's federal income tax return for the year ended December 31, 2008 during the first quarter 2012 with no adjustments. The Internal Revenue Service also completed its audit of the Company’s 2008 refund claim during the first quarter of 2013 with no adjustments. 140 (11) Employee Benefits BOK Financial sponsors a defined benefit cash balance Pension Plan for all employees who satisfy certain age and service requirements. Pension Plan benefits were curtailed as of April 1, 2006. No participants may be added to the plan and no additional service benefits will be accrued. During 2014 and 2013, interest accrued on employees' account balances at a variable rate tied to the five-year trailing average of five-year Treasury Securities plus 1.5%. The rate has a floor of 3.0% and a ceiling of 5.0%. The 2014 quarterly variable rates ranged from 3.00% to 3.01%. The following table presents information regarding this plan (in thousands): Change in projected benefit obligation: Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year Interest cost Actuarial loss (gain) Benefits paid Projected benefit obligation at end of year1,2 Change in plan assets: Plan assets at fair value at beginning of year Actual return on plan assets Benefits paid Plan assets at fair value at end of year Funded status of the plan Components of net periodic benefit costs: Interest cost Expected return on plan assets Recognized prior service cost Amortization of unrecognized net loss Net periodic pension cost 1 Projected benefit obligation equals accumulated benefit obligation. 2 Projected benefit obligation is based on January 1 measurement date. Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31: Discount rate Expected return on plan assets December 31, 2014 2013 $ 44,765 $ 1,685 2,878 (4,104) 45,224 48,812 4,735 (4,104) 49,443 4,219 1,685 (2,539) (1,175) 2,584 $ $ $ $ $ 555 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 48,028 1,532 (1,543) (3,252) 44,765 45,920 6,144 (3,252) 48,812 4,047 1,532 (2,185) (1,175) 3,830 2,002 2014 2013 3.42% 6.00% 4.05% 6.00% As of December 31, 2014, expected future benefit payments related to the Pension Plan were as follows (in thousands): 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Thereafter $ 3,535 3,673 3,270 3,396 3,628 44,057 $ 61,559 141 Assets of the Pension Plan consist primarily of shares in the Cavanal Hill Balanced Fund. The stated objective of this fund is to provide an attractive total return through a broadly diversified mix of equities and bonds. The typical portfolio mix is approximately 60% equities and 40% bonds. The net asset value of shares in the Cavanal Hill Funds is reported daily based on market quotations for the Fund’s securities. The inception-to-date return on the fund, which is used as an indicator when setting the expected return on plan assets, was 7.44%. As of December 31, 2014, the expected return on plan assets for 2015 is 6.00%. The maximum tax deductible Pension Plan contribution for 2014 was $21 million. No minimum contribution was required for 2014, 2013 or 2012. We expect approximately $267 thousand of net pension costs currently in accumulated other comprehensive income to be recognized as net periodic pension cost in 2015. Employee contributions to the Thrift Plan are eligible for Company matching equal to 6% of base compensation, as defined in the plan. The Company-provided matching contribution rates range from 50% for employees with less than four years of service to 200% for employees with 15 or more years of service. Additionally, a maximum Company-provided, non-elective annual contribution of up to $750 per participant for employees whose annual base compensation is less than $40,000. Total non-elective contributions were $662 thousand for 2014, $738 thousand for 2013 and $802 thousand for 2012. Participants may direct investments in their accounts to a variety of options, including a BOK Financial common stock fund. Employer contributions, which are invested in accordance with the participant’s investment options, vest over five years. Thrift Plan expenses were $18.6 million for 2014, $18.1 million for 2013 and $16.8 million for 2012. BOK Financial offers numerous incentive compensation plans that are aligned with the Company’s growth strategy. Compensation awarded under these plans may be based on defined formulas, other performance criteria or discretionary. Incentive compensation is designed to motivate and reinforce sales and customer service behavior in all markets. Earnings were charged $111.7 million in 2014, $110.9 million in 2013, and $116.7 million in 2012 for cash incentive compensation. 142 (12) Share-Based Compensation Plans The shareholders and Board of Directors of BOK Financial have approved various share-based compensation plans. An independent compensation committee of the Board of Directors determines the number of awards granted to the Chief Executive Officer and other senior executives. Share-based compensation is granted to other officers and employees as determined by the Chief Executive Officer. The following table presents stock options outstanding during 2014, 2013 and 2012 under these plans (in thousands, except for per share data): Options outstanding at December 31, 2011 Options awarded Options exercised Options forfeited Options expired Options outstanding at December 31, 2012 Options awarded Options exercised Options forfeited Options expired Options outstanding at December 31, 2013 Options awarded Options exercised Options forfeited Options expired Options outstanding at December 31, 2014 Options vested at: December 31, 2012 December 31, 2013 December 31, 2014 Weighted- Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Number 2,621,347 $ 47.01 $ 20,769 67,155 (708,295) (22,559) (66,862) 1,890,786 81,492 (608,663) (219,342) (9,168) 1,135,105 — (323,004) (15,509) (2,701) 793,891 601,367 424,459 347,633 $ $ 58.76 45.32 50.36 45.97 48.29 55.74 48.00 47.65 50.61 49.09 — 49.17 45.71 47.98 49.05 47.99 49.49 48.85 11,748 19,564 $ $ 8,725 3,890 7,146 3,889 The following table summarizes information concerning currently outstanding and vested stock options: Options Outstanding Weighted Average Weighted Remaining Number Contractual Average Exercise Outstanding Life (years) Price Number Vested Options Vested Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) 190,832 33,574 39,557 169,422 78,904 78,108 125,285 78,209 2.83 0.76 3.16 2.16 1.48 5.16 3.62 4.35 $36.65 47.09 48.30 48.46 54.33 55.74 55.94 58.76 65,626 33,574 13,326 95,415 78,904 8,260 37,008 15,520 $36.65 47.09 48.30 48.46 54.33 55.74 55.94 58.76 1.51 0.76 1.42 1.49 1.48 2.03 1.44 1.59 Range of Exercise Prices $36.65 45.15 - 47.34 48.30 48.46 54.33 55.74 55.94 58.76 The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was $5.5 million for 2014, $8.5 million for 2013 and $8.3 million for 2012. 143 The fair value of options was determined as of the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: Average risk-free interest rate1 Dividend yield Volatility factors Weighted average expected life Weighted average fair value 2013 2012 0.89% 2.80% 0.272 0.93% 2.20% 0.280 4.9 years 9.67 4.9 years 11.48 $ $ 1 Average risk-free interest rate represents U.S. Treasury rates matched to the expected life of the options. No options were granted in 2014. Compensation expense recognized on stock options totaled $826 thousand for 2014, $1.3 million for 2013 and $4.1 million for 2012. Compensation cost of stock options granted that may be recognized as compensation expense in future years totaled $980 thousand at December 31, 2014. Subject to adjustments for forfeitures, we expect to recognize compensation expense for current outstanding options of $475 thousand in 2015, $275 thousand in 2016, $152 thousand in 2017, $60 thousand in 2018, and $18 thousand in 2019. The following represents a summary of the non-vested stock awards as of December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Non-vested at January 1, 2012 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested at December 31, 2012 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested at December 31, 2013 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested at December 31, 2014 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $55.63 $47.32 $50.45 $55.84 $35.93 $49.95 $64.96 $44.56 $56.26 Shares 503,738 197,058 (76,192) (31,773) 592,831 211,791 (66,648) (89,985) 647,989 206,621 (140,820) (25,179) 688,611 Compensation expense recognized on non-vested shares totaled $10.0 million for 2014, $6.9 million for 2013 and $5.6 million for 2012. Unrecognized compensation cost of non-vested shares totaled $15.5 million at December 31, 2014. Subject to adjustment for forfeitures, we expect to recognize compensation expense of $9.3 million in 2015, $5.7 million in 2016, $474 thousand in 2017 and $1 thousand in 2018. On April 26, 2011 shareholders approved the BOK Financial Corporation 2011 True-Up Plan. The True-Up Plan was intended to address inequality in the Executive Incentive Plan which had been approved by shareholders in 2003. The True-Up Plan was designed to adjust performance-based incentive compensation for certain senior executives either upward or downward based on the earnings per share performance and compensation of comparable senior executives at peer banks. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had accrued $69 million for the True-Up Plan liability. The final amount distributed in May 2014 totaled $56 million, including $35 million in cash and $21 million consisting of 331 thousand shares at a price of $64.91 per share. During January 2015, BOK Financial awarded 297,106 shares of non-vested stock with a fair value per award of $55.53. The aggregate compensation cost of these awards totaled approximately $16.5 million. This cost will be recognized over the vesting periods, subject to adjustments for forfeitures. Non-vested shares awarded in January 2015 generally cliff vest in 3 years and are subject to a 2 year holding period after vesting. 144 (13) Related Parties In compliance with applicable regulations, the Company may extend credit to certain executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and their affiliates (collectively referred to as “related parties”) in the ordinary course of business under substantially the same terms as comparable third-party lending arrangements. The Company’s loans to related parties do not involve more than the normal credit risk and there are no nonaccruing or impaired related party loans outstanding at December 31, 2014 or 2013. Activity in loans to related parties is summarized as follows (in thousands): Beginning balance Advances Payments Adjustments1 Ending balance 1 Adjustments generally consist of changes in status as a related party. Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 $ 88,691 $ 712,413 49,943 292,393 (698,149) (253,645) 440 — $ 103,395 $ 88,691 Certain related parties are customers of the Company for services other than loans, including consumer banking, corporate banking, risk management, wealth management, brokerage and trading, or fiduciary/trust services. The Company engages in transactions with related parties in the ordinary course of business in compliance with applicable regulations. The Company rents office space in facilities owned by affiliates of Mr. Kaiser, its Chairman and principal shareholder. Lease payments totaled $900 thousand for 2014, $952 thousand for 2013 and $1.1 million for 2012. In 2008, the Company entered into a $25 million loan commitment with the Tulsa Community Foundation (“TCF”) to be secured by tax-exempt bonds purchased from the Tulsa Stadium Trust (the “Stadium Trust”) by TCF. The Stadium Trust is an Oklahoma public trust, of which the City of Tulsa is the sole beneficiary. Stacy C. Kymes, Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer of the Company, is Chairman of the Stadium Trust. Cavanal Hill Investment Management, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank, is the administrator to and investment advisor for the Cavanal Hill Funds (the "Funds"), a diversified, open-ended investment company established as a business trust under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). The Bank is custodian and BOSC, Inc. is distributor for the Funds. The Funds’ products are offered to customers, employee benefit plans, trusts and the general public in the ordinary course of business. Approximately 99% of the Funds’ assets of $3.2 billion are held for the Company's clients. A Company executive officer serves on the Funds' board of trustees and officers of the Bank serve as president and secretary of the Funds. A majority of the members of the Funds’ board of trustees are, however, independent of the Company and the Funds are managed by its board of trustees. 145 (14) Commitments and Contingent Liabilities Litigation Contingencies As a member of Visa, BOK Financial is obligated for a proportionate share of certain covered litigation losses incurred by Visa under a retrospective responsibility plan. A contingent liability was recognized for the Company’s share of Visa’s covered litigation liabilities. Visa funded an escrow account to cover litigation claims, including covered litigation losses under the retrospective responsibility plan, with proceeds from its initial public offering in 2008 and from available cash. BOK Financial currently owns 251,837 Visa Class B shares which are convertible into 103,782 shares of Visa Class A shares after the final settlement of all covered litigation. Class B shares may be diluted in the future if the escrow fund is not adequate to cover future covered litigation costs. Therefore, no value has been currently assigned to the Class B shares and no value may be assigned until the Class B shares are converted into a known number of Class A shares. In the ordinary course of business, BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to legal actions and complaints. Management believes, based upon the opinion of counsel, that the actions and liability or loss, if any, resulting from the final outcomes of the proceedings, will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Alternative Investment Commitments The Company sponsors two private equity funds and invests in several tax credit entities and other funds as permitted by banking regulations. Consolidation of these investments is based on the variable interest model determined by the nature of the entity. Variable interest entities are generally defined as entities that either do not have sufficient equity to finance their activities without support from other parties or whose equity investors lack a controlling financial interest. Variable interest entities are consolidated based on the determination that the Company is the primary beneficiary including the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the variable interest or the right to receive benefits of the variable interest that could be significant to the variable interest. BOKF Equity, LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, is the general partner of two consolidated private equity funds (“the Funds”). The Funds provide alternative investment opportunities to certain customers, some of which are related parties, through unaffiliated limited partnerships. These unaffiliated limited partnerships generally invest in distressed assets, asset buy- outs or venture capital companies. As general partner, BOKF Equity, LLC has the power to direct activities that most significantly affect the Funds' performance and contingent obligations to make additional investments totaling $5.6 million at December 31, 2014. Substantially all of the obligations are offset by limited partner commitments. The Company does not accrue its contingent liability to fund investments. The Volcker Rule in Title VI of the Dodd-Frank Act will limit both the amount and structure of these type of investments. Consolidated tax credit entities represent the Company's interest in entities earning federal new market tax credits related to qualifying loans for which the Company has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest's economic performance of the entity including being the primary beneficiary of or the obligation to absorb losses of the variable interest that could be significant to the variable interest. The creditors underlying the other borrowings of consolidated tax credit entities do not have recourse to the general credit of BOKF. The Company also has interests in various unrelated alternative investments generally consisting of unconsolidated limited partnership interests in or loans to entities for which investment return is in the form of tax credits or that invest in distressed real estate loans and properties, energy development, venture capital and other activities. The Company is prohibited by banking regulations from controlling or actively managing the activities of these investments and the Company's maximum exposure to loss is restricted to its investment balance. The Company's obligation to fund alternative investments is included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company's ability to hold these investments will be curtailed by the Volcker Rule. 146 A summary of consolidated and unconsolidated alternative investments as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Consolidated: Private equity funds Tax credit entities Other Total consolidated Unconsolidated: Tax credit entities Other Total unconsolidated Consolidated: Private equity funds Tax credit entities Other Total consolidated Unconsolidated: Tax credit entities Other Total unconsolidated December 31, 2014 Loans Other Assets Other Liabilities Other Borrowings Non- controlling Interests $ — $ 25,627 $ — $ — $ 10,000 — 12,827 5,996 — — 10,964 — $ 10,000 $ 44,450 $ — $ 10,964 $ 21,921 10,000 2,106 34,027 $ $ 18,192 $ 96,721 — 9,471 18,192 $ 106,192 $ $ 28,920 4,050 32,970 $ $ — $ — — $ — — — December 31, 2013 Loans Other Assets Other Liabilities Other Borrowings Non- controlling Interests $ — $ 27,341 $ — $ — $ 23,036 10,000 — 13,448 9,178 — — 10,964 — 9,869 2,019 $ 10,000 $ 49,967 $ — $ 10,964 $ 34,924 $ $ 27,319 — 27,319 $ $ 90,260 9,257 99,517 $ $ 35,776 1,681 37,457 $ $ — $ — — $ — — — Other Commitments and Contingencies At December 31, 2014, Cavanal Hill Funds’ assets included $1.1 billion of U.S. Treasury, $1.3 billion of cash management and $258 million of tax-free money market funds. Assets of these funds consist of highly-rated, short-term obligations of the U.S. Treasury, corporate issuers and U.S. states and municipalities. The net asset value of units in these funds was $1.00 at December 31, 2014. An investment in these funds is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or guaranteed by BOK Financial or any of its subsidiaries. BOK Financial may, but is not obligated to purchase assets from these funds to maintain the net asset value at $1.00. No assets were purchased from the funds in 2014 or 2013. Cottonwood Valley Ventures, Inc. (“CVV, Inc.”), an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of BOK Financial, is being audited by the Oklahoma Tax Commission (“OTC”) for tax years 2007 through 2009. CVV, Inc. is a qualified venture capital company under the applicable Oklahoma statute. As authorized by the statute, CVV, Inc. guarantees transferable Oklahoma state income tax credits by providing direct debt financing to private companies which qualify as statutory business ventures. Due to certain statutory limitations on utilization of such credits, CVV, Inc. must sell the majority of the credits to provide the economic incentives provided for by the statute. During 2012, CVV, Inc. and credit purchasers settled the assessment related to the 2008 tax credits disallowed with no material adverse impact to the consolidated financial statements. Management does not anticipate that the remaining issue under audit will have a material adverse impact to the consolidated financial statements. 147 Total rent expense for BOK Financial was $25.0 million in 2014, $23.5 million in 2013 and $21.7 million in 2012. At December 31, 2014, future minimum lease payments for premises under operating leases were as follows: $26.0 million in 2015, $22.9 million in 2016, $19.3 million in 2017, $15.1 million in 2018, $13.0 million in 2019 and $104.8 million thereafter. The Bank is obligated under a long-term lease for its bank premises in downtown Tulsa. The lease term, which began November 1, 1976, is for fifty-seven years with an option to terminate in 2024 with a two-year prior written notice. Premises leases may include options to renew at then current market rates and may include escalation provisions based upon changes in consumer price index or similar benchmarks. The Federal Reserve Bank requires member banks to maintain certain minimum average cash balances. Member banks may satisfy reserve balance requirements through it holdings of vault cash and balance maintained directly with a Federal Reserve Bank. The combined average balance of vault cash and balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank was $1.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $830 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. BOSC, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of BOK Financial, is an introducing broker to Pershing, LLC for retail equity investment transactions. As such, it has indemnified Pershing, LLC against losses due to a customer's failure to settle a transaction or to repay a margin loan. All unsettled transaction and margin loans are secured as required by applicable regulation. The amount of customer balances subject to indemnification totaled $72 thousand at December 31, 2014. The Company agreed to guarantee rents totaling $28.7 million through September of 2017 to the City as owner of a building immediately adjacent to the Bank’s main office for space currently rented by third-party tenants in the building. All rent payments are current. Remaining guaranteed rents totaled $8.4 million at December 31, 2014. In return for this guarantee, the Company will receive 80% of net cash flow as defined in an agreement with the City through September 2017 from rental of space that was vacant at the inception of the agreement. The maximum amount that the Company may receive under this agreement is $4.5 million. (15) Shareholders Equity Preferred Stock One billion shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.00005 per share are authorized. The Series A Preferred Stock has no voting rights except as otherwise provided by Oklahoma corporate law and may be converted into one share of Common Stock for each 36 shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the option of the holder. Dividends are cumulative at an annual rate of ten percent of the $0.06 per share liquidation preference value when declared and are payable in cash. Aggregate liquidation preference is $15 million. No Series A Preferred Stock was outstanding in 2014, 2013 or 2012. Common Stock Common stock consists of 2.5 billion authorized shares with a $0.00006 par value. Holders of common shares are entitled to one vote per share at the election of the Board of Directors and on any question arising at any shareholders’ meeting and to receive dividends when and as declared. Additionally, regulations restrict the ability of national banks and bank holding companies to pay dividends. Subsidiary Bank The amounts of dividends that BOK Financial’s subsidiary bank can declare and the amounts of loans the subsidiary bank can extend to affiliates are limited by various federal banking regulations and state corporate law. Generally, dividends declared during a calendar year are limited to net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the preceding two years. The amounts of dividends are further restricted by minimum capital requirements. Based on the most restrictive limitations as well as management’s internal capital policy, at December 31, 2014, BOK Financial's subsidiary bank could declare up to $365 million of dividends without regulatory approval. Upon adoption of the Basel III regulatory capital framework in the first quarter of 2015, the dividend capacity of the subsidiary bank will be reduced to zero. The subsidiary bank declared and paid dividends of $75 million in 2014, $225 million in 2013 and $275 million in 2012. 148 As defined by banking regulations, loan commitments and equity investments to a single affiliate may not exceed 10% of unimpaired capital and surplus and loan commitments and equity investments to all affiliates may not exceed 20% of unimpaired capital and surplus. All loans to affiliates must be fully secured by eligible collateral. At December 31, 2014, loan commitments and equity investments were limited to $245 million to a single affiliate and $490 million to all affiliates. The largest loan commitment and equity investment to a single affiliate was $220 million and the aggregate loan commitments and equity investments to all affiliates were $330 million. The largest outstanding amount to a single affiliate at December 31, 2014 was $14 million and the total outstanding amounts to all affiliates were $18 million. At December 31, 2013, total loan commitments and equity investments to all affiliates were $334 million and the total outstanding amounts to all affiliates were $27 million. Regulatory Capital BOK Financial and the Bank are subject to various capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and additional discretionary actions by regulators that could have a material effect on BOK Financial's operations. These capital requirements include quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items. The capital standards are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. For a banking institution to qualify as well capitalized, Tier I, Total and Leverage capital ratios must be at least 6%, 10% and 5%, respectively. Tier I capital consists primarily of common stockholders' equity, excluding unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities, less goodwill, core deposit premiums and certain other intangible assets. Total capital consists primarily of Tier I capital plus preferred stock, subordinated debt and allowances for credit losses, subject to certain limitations. The Bank exceeded the regulatory definition of well capitalized as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. A summary of regulatory capital levels follows (dollars in thousands): Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets): Consolidated BOKF, NA Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets): Consolidated BOKF, NA Tier I Capital (to Average Assets): Consolidated BOKF, NA December 31, 2014 2013 $ 3,120,223 14.66% $ 3,017,022 2,449,078 11.56 2,293,673 $ 2,838,129 13.33% $ 2,668,981 2,168,161 10.24 1,946,247 $ 2,838,129 9.96% $ 2,668,981 2,168,161 7.65 1,946,247 15.56% 11.88 13.77% 10.08 10.05% 7.38 149 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) AOCI includes unrealized gains and losses on available for sale ("AFS") securities. Unrealized gain (loss) on AFS securities also includes non-credit related unrealized losses on AFS securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recorded in earnings. AOCI also includes unrealized gains on AFS securities that were transferred from AFS to investment securities in the third quarter of 2011. Such amounts will be amortized over the estimated remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield. Unrealized losses on employee benefit plans will be reclassified into income as pension plan costs are recognized over the remaining service period of plan participants. Accumulated losses on the interest rate lock hedge of the 2005 subordinated debt issuance will be reclassified into income over the ten-year life of the debt. Gains and losses in AOCI are net of deferred income taxes. A rollforward of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is included as follows (in thousands): Balance, December 31, 2011 Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Reclassification adjustments included in earnings: Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities Interest expense, Subordinated debentures Net impairment losses recognized in earnings Gain on available for sale securities, net Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes Federal and state income tax1 Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes Balance, December 31, 2012 Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Reclassification adjustments included in earnings: Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities Interest expense, Subordinated debentures Net impairment losses recognized in earnings Gain on available for sale securities, net Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes Federal and state income tax1 Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes Balance, December 31, 2013 Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Reclassification adjustments included in earnings: Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities Interest expense, Subordinated debentures Net impairment losses recognized in earnings Gain on available for sale securities, net Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes Federal and state income tax1 Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes Balance, December 31, 2014 1 Calculated using 39% effective tax rate. Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available for Sale Securities Investment Securities Transferred from AFS Employee Benefit Plans Loss on Effective Cash Flow Hedges Total $ 135,740 $ 6,673 $ (12,742) $ (692) $ 128,979 58,921 — 7,276 — 66,197 — — 7,351 (33,845) 32,427 (12,614) 19,813 155,553 (284,104) — — 2,308 (10,720) (292,516) 113,788 (178,728) (23,175) 136,050 — — 373 (1,539) 134,884 (52,470) 82,414 (6,601) — — — (6,601) 3,006 (3,595) 3,078 — (3,210) — — — (3,210) 1,250 (1,960) 1,118 — (1,216) — — — (1,216) 474 (742) — — — — 7,276 (2,830) 4,446 (8,296) 8,159 — — — — 8,159 (3,174) 4,985 (3,311) 725 — — — — 725 (282) 443 — 453 — — 453 (176) 277 (415) — — 262 — — 262 (102) 160 (255) — — 296 — — 296 (115) 181 $ 59,239 $ 376 $ (2,868) $ (74) $ (6,601) 453 7,351 (33,845) 33,555 (12,614) 20,941 149,920 (275,945) (3,210) 262 2,308 (10,720) (287,305) 111,762 (175,543) (25,623) 136,775 (1,216) 296 373 (1,539) 134,689 (52,393) 82,296 56,673 150 (16) Earnings Per Share The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (dollars in thousands, except per share data): Year Ended 2014 2013 2012 Numerator: Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 292,435 $ 316,609 $ 351,191 Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities Numerator for basic earnings per share – income available to common shareholders Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of participating securities 3,239 3,388 289,196 313,221 4 7 2,541 348,650 6 Numerator for diluted earnings per share – income available to common shareholders $ 289,200 $ 313,228 $ 348,656 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding 69,159,902 68,719,069 68,221,013 Less: Participating securities included in weighted average shares outstanding 765,708 730,172 536,970 Denominator for basic earnings per common share Dilutive effect of employee stock compensation plans1 Denominator for diluted earnings per common share Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 1 Excludes employee stock options with exercise prices greater than current market price. 68,394,194 67,988,897 67,684,043 150,576 216,622 280,897 68,544,770 68,205,519 67,964,940 $ $ $ $ 4.23 4.22 — $ $ 4.61 4.59 — 5.15 5.13 224,653 (17) Reportable Segments BOK Financial operates three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products to small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial Banking also includes the TransFund EFT network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit services to small business customers served through the consumer branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides fiduciary services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities. In addition to its lines of business, BOK Financial has a Funds Management unit. The primary purpose of this unit is to manage the overall liquidity needs and interest rate risk. Each line of business borrows funds from and provides funds to the Funds Management unit as needed to support their operations. Operating results for Funds Management and other include the effect of interest rate risk positions and risk management activities, securities gains and losses including impairment charges, the provision for credit losses in excess of net loans charged off, tax planning strategies and certain executive compensation costs that are not attributed to the lines of business. BOK Financial allocates resources and evaluates performance of its lines of business after allocation of funds, actual net credit losses and capital costs. In addition, we measure the performance of our business lines after allocation of certain indirect expenses and taxes on statutory rates. Corporate expense allocations were updated in 2014. The allocation for the prior comparable periods have been revised on a comparable basis. The cost of funds borrowed from the Funds Management unit by the operating lines of business is transfer priced at rates that approximate market rates for funds with similar duration. Market rates are generally based on the applicable LIBOR or interest rate swap rates, adjusted for prepayment risk. This method of transfer-pricing funds that support assets of the operating lines of business tends to insulate them from interest rate risk. 151 The value of funds provided by the operating lines of business to the Funds Management unit is based on rates which approximate the wholesale market rates for funds with similar duration and re-pricing characteristics. Market rates are generally based on LIBOR or interest rate swap rates. The funds credit formula applied to deposit products with indeterminate maturities is established based on their re-pricing characteristics reflected in a combination of the short-term LIBOR rates and a moving average of an intermediate term swap rate, with an appropriate spread applied to both. Shorter duration products are weighted towards the short-term LIBOR rate and longer duration products are weighted towards intermediate swap rates. The expected duration ranges from 30 days for certain rate-sensitive deposits to five years. Economic capital is assigned to the business units by a capital allocation model that reflects management's assessment of risk. This model assigns capital based upon credit, operating, interest rate and market risk inherent in our business lines and recognizes the diversification benefits among the units. The level of assigned economic capital is a combination of the risk taken by each business line, based on its actual exposures and calibrated to its own loss history where possible. Average invested capital includes economic capital and amounts we have invested in the lines of business. Substantially all revenue is from domestic customers. No single external customer accounts for more than 10% of total revenue. Net loans charged off and provision for credit losses represents net loans charged off as attributed to the lines of business and the provision for credit losses in excess of net charge-offs attributed to Funds Management and Other. Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands): Net interest revenue from external sources $ 381,687 $ 95,910 $ 23,826 $ 163,771 $ 665,194 Commercial Consumer Wealth Management Funds Management and Other BOK Financial Consolidated Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate expense allocations Income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income (43,934) 337,753 (7,447) 345,200 169,704 201,748 313,156 41,338 271,818 105,737 166,081 32,170 128,080 5,405 122,675 200,815 196,082 127,408 67,040 60,368 23,483 36,885 20,578 44,404 213 44,191 239,045 216,770 66,466 31,375 35,091 13,650 21,441 (8,814) 154,957 1,829 153,128 3,095 232,922 (76,699) (139,753) 63,054 (8,018) 71,072 — 665,194 — 665,194 612,659 847,522 430,331 — 430,331 134,852 295,479 Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — — — 3,044 3,044 Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 166,081 $ 36,885 Average assets Average invested capital $ 11,384,508 $ 6,555,642 946,383 277,404 $ $ 21,441 4,518,511 193,784 $ $ 68,028 $ 292,435 5,540,197 $ 27,998,858 1,793,190 3,210,761 Performance measurements: Return on average assets Return on average invested capital Efficiency ratio 1.46% 17.58% 39.57% 0.56% 13.30% 56.58% 0.52% 12.07% 75.90% 1.04% 9.11% 64.50% 152 Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Net interest revenue from external sources $ 363,961 $ 100,153 $ 25,478 $ 184,885 $ 674,477 Commercial Consumer Wealth Management Funds Management and Other BOK Financial Consolidated Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate expense allocations Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income (51,587) 312,374 (4,372) 316,746 163,206 190,306 289,646 44,865 244,781 95,220 149,561 34,850 135,003 5,532 129,471 225,336 189,099 165,708 60,005 105,703 41,118 64,585 Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — — Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 149,561 $ 64,585 Average assets Average invested capital $ 10,386,235 $ 6,487,255 906,717 293,736 20,061 45,539 1,275 44,264 211,655 197,890 58,029 29,993 28,036 10,906 17,130 — 17,130 4,556,132 203,914 $ $ (3,324) 181,561 (30,335) 211,896 14,275 263,325 (37,154) (134,863) 97,709 10,054 87,655 2,322 — 674,477 (27,900) 702,377 614,472 840,620 476,229 — 476,229 157,298 318,931 2,322 $ $ 85,333 $ 316,609 5,951,472 $ 27,381,094 1,606,715 3,011,082 Performance measurements: Return on average assets Return on average invested capital Efficiency ratio 1.44% 16.49% 40.24% 1.00% 21.99% 51.30% 0.40% 9.00% 76.37% 1.16% 10.51% 64.60% 153 Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows (in thousands): Net interest revenue from external sources $ 366,243 $ 102,321 $ 27,647 $ 211,338 $ 707,549 Commercial Consumer Wealth Management Funds Management and Other BOK Financial Consolidated Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources Net interest revenue Provision for credit losses Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net direct contribution Corporate expense allocations Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income (58,835) 307,408 9,463 297,945 162,085 192,396 267,634 44,330 223,304 86,865 136,439 36,700 139,021 10,588 128,433 271,723 206,598 193,558 64,239 129,319 50,305 79,014 21,456 49,103 2,284 46,819 197,306 177,423 66,702 30,525 36,177 14,073 22,104 679 212,017 (44,335) 256,352 22,564 263,946 14,970 (139,094) 154,064 37,497 116,567 — 707,549 (22,000) 729,549 653,678 840,363 542,864 — 542,864 188,740 354,124 Net income attributable to non-controlling interests — — — 2,933 2,933 Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 136,439 $ 79,014 Average assets Average invested capital $ 9,844,145 $ 6,498,193 882,036 289,665 $ $ 22,104 4,357,641 184,707 $ $ 113,634 $ 351,191 5,589,171 $ 26,289,150 1,549,547 2,905,955 Performance measurements: Return on average assets Return on average invested capital Efficiency ratio 1.39% 15.47% 42.26% 1.22% 27.28% 49.60% 0.52% 12.26% 71.19% 1.34% 12.09% 62.03% 154 (18) Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined by applicable accounting guidance as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market for the given asset or liability at the measurement date based on market conditions at that date. Certain assets and liabilities are recorded in the Company’s financial statements at fair value. Some are recorded on a recurring basis and some on a non-recurring basis. For some assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might be available. For other assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might not be available. A hierarchy for fair value has been established which categorizes into three levels the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels are as follows: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1) - fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) - fair value is based on significant other observable inputs which are generally determined based on a single price for each financial instrument provided to us by an applicable third-party pricing service and is based on one or more of the following: • Quoted prices for similar, but not identical, assets or liabilities in active markets; • Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets; • Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates; • Other inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market inputs. Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - fair value is based upon model-based valuation techniques for which at least one significant assumption is not observable in the market. Transfers between levels are recognized as of the end of the reporting period. During 2014, $14 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale were transferred from significant other observable inputs to significant unobservable inputs. These loans cannot be sold to U.S. government agencies due to origination defects. An unobservable liquidity discount is applied to determine fair value. There were no other transfers in or out of quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments, significant other observable inputs or significant unobservable inputs during the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The underlying methods used by the third-party pricing services are considered in determining the primary inputs used to determine fair values. Management has evaluated the methodologies employed by the third-party pricing services by comparing the price provided by the pricing service with other sources, including brokers' quotes, sales or purchases of similar instruments and discounted cash flows to establish a basis for reliance on the pricing service values. Significant differences between the pricing service provided value and other sources are discussed with the pricing service to understand the basis for their values. Based on all observable inputs, management may adjust prices obtained from third-party pricing services to more appropriately reflect the prices that would be received to sell assets or paid to transfer liabilities in orderly transactions in the current market. No significant adjustments were made to prices provided by third-party pricing services at December 31, 2014 and 2013. 155 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis is as follows as of December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments Total Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Assets: Trading securities: U.S. Government agency debentures $ 85,092 $ — $ 85,092 $ U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total trading securities Available for sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities: U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other securities Total fair value option securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Mortgage servicing rights, net1 Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2 Other assets – private equity funds Liabilities: Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2 31,199 38,951 33,458 188,700 1,005 63,557 6,646,884 165,957 2,048,609 9,212 24,277 19,444 8,978,945 311,597 — 311,597 304,182 171,976 361,874 25,627 — — — — 1,005 — — — — — — 4,927 5,932 — — — — — 31,199 38,951 33,458 188,700 — 53,464 6,646,884 165,957 2,048,609 5,062 24,277 14,517 311,597 — 311,597 292,326 — 17,607 344,267 — — — — — — — — 10,093 — — — 4,150 — — — — — 11,856 171,976 — 25,627 8,958,770 14,243 354,554 541 354,013 — 1 A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to determine fair value are presented in Note 7, Mortgage Banking Activities. 2 See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts in asset positions were valued based on quoted prices in active markets or identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded energy derivative contracts, net of cash margin. Derivative contracts in liability positions that were valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate and agricultural derivative contracts, net of cash margin. 156 The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis is as follows as of December 31, 2013 (in thousands): Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments Total Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Assets: Trading securities: U.S. Government agency debentures $ 34,120 $ — $ 34,120 $ U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total trading securities Available for sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities: U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other securities Total fair value option securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Mortgage servicing rights, net1 Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2 Other assets – private equity funds Liabilities: Derivative contracts, net of cash margin 2 21,011 27,350 9,135 91,616 1,042 73,775 7,716,010 221,099 2,055,804 35,241 22,863 21,328 — — — — 1,042 — — — — — — — 21,011 27,350 9,135 91,616 — 55,970 7,716,010 221,099 2,055,804 30,529 22,863 17,121 10,147,162 1,042 10,119,396 157,431 9,694 167,125 200,546 153,333 265,012 27,341 247,185 — — — — — 157,431 9,694 167,125 200,546 — 2,712 262,300 — — — — — — — — — 17,805 — — — 4,712 — 4,207 26,724 — — — — 153,333 — 27,341 247,185 — 1 A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to determine fair value are presented in Note 7, Mortgage Banking Activities. 2 See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded energy derivative contracts, net of cash margin. 157 Following is a description of the Company's valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis: Securities The fair values of trading, available for sale and fair value option securities are based on quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets, when available. If quoted prices for identical instruments are not available, fair values are based on significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices of comparable instruments or interest rates and credit spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds and loss severities. The fair value of certain available for sale municipal and other debt securities may be based on significant unobservable inputs. These significant unobservable inputs include limited observed trades, projected cash flows, current credit rating of the issuers and, when applicable, the insurers of the debt and observed trades of similar debt. Discount rates are primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads on comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally- recognized rating agencies adjusted for a lack of trading volume. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by investment securities professionals involved in the active trading of similar securities. A summary of significant inputs used to value these securities follows. A management committee composed of senior members from the Company's Capital Markets, Risk Management and Finance departments assess the appropriateness of these inputs monthly. Derivatives All derivative instruments are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on quoted prices. Fair values for over-the-counter interest rate, commodity and foreign exchange contracts are based on valuations provided either by third-party dealers in the contracts, quotes provided by independent pricing services, or a third-party provided pricing model that uses significant other observable market inputs. Credit risk is considered in determining the fair value of derivative instruments. Management determines fair value adjustments based on various risk factors including but not limited to counterparty credit rating or equivalent loan grading, derivative contract notional size, price volatility of the underlying commodity, duration of the derivative contracts and expected loss severity. Expected loss severity is based on historical losses for similarly risk graded commercial loan customers. Decreases in counterparty credit rating or grading and increases in price volatility and expected loss severity all tend to increase the credit quality adjustment which reduces the fair value of asset contracts. The reduction in fair value is recognized in earnings during the current period. We also consider our own credit risk in determining the fair value of derivative contracts. Changes in our credit rating would affect the fair value of our derivative liabilities. In the event of a credit downgrade, the fair value of our derivative liabilities would increase. The change in the fair value would be recognized in earnings in the current period. Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale Residential mortgage loans held for sale are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair values of conforming residential mortgage loans held for sale are based upon quoted market prices of such loans sold in securitization transactions, including related unfunded loan commitments. The fair value of mortgage loans that are unable to be sold to U.S. government agencies is determined using quoted prices of loans that are sold in securitization transactions with a liquidity discount applied. Other Assets - Private Equity Funds The fair value of the portfolio investments of the Company's two private equity funds are based upon net asset value reported by the underlying funds, as adjusted by the general partner when necessary to represent the price that would be received to sell the assets. The Company's private equity funds provide customers alternative investment opportunities as limited partners of the funds. As fund of funds, the private equity funds invest in other limited partnerships or limited liability companies that invest substantially all of their assets in U.S. companies pursuing diversified investment strategies including early-stage venture capital, distressed securities and corporate or asset buy-outs. Private equity fund assets are long-term, illiquid investments. No secondary market exists for these assets. The private equity funds typically invest in funds that provide no redemption rights to investors. The fair value of the private equity investments may only be realized through cash distributions from the underlying funds. 158 The following represents the changes related to assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (in thousands): Balance, December 31, 2012 Transfer to Level 3 from Level 2 Purchases and capital calls Redemptions and distributions Gain (loss) recognized in earnings: Gain (loss) on other assets, net Gain on available for sale securities, net Other-than-temporary impairment losses Other comprehensive income (loss): Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Balance, December 31, 2013 Transfer to Level 3 from Level 2 Purchases and capital calls Redemptions and distributions Proceeds from sales Gain (loss) recognized in earnings: Mortgage banking revenue Gain on other assets, net Gain on available for sale securities, net Other-than-temporary impairment losses Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation Other comprehensive income (loss): Net change in unrealized gain (loss) Balance, December 31, 2014 Available for Sale Securities Municipal and other tax-exempt Other debt securities Equity securities and mutual funds Residential mortgage loans held for sale Other assets – private equity funds $ 40,702 $ 5,399 $ 2,161 $ — $ 28,169 — — — — (19,238) (500) — 1,216 (1,369) (3,506) 17,805 — — — — — (187) 4,712 — — (7,487) (500) — — — — — — — — — (235) — — 10 — — — — — — 2,046 4,207 — — — — — — — — (2,420) — — — — — — — — 13,644 — — (1,176) (612) — — — — — — 1,415 (5,294) 3,051 — — — 27,341 — 1,012 (7,473) — — 4,747 — — — — (62) (1,787) $ 10,093 $ 4,150 $ — $ 11,856 $ 25,627 159 A summary of quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2014 follows (in thousands): Quantitative Information about Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements Amortized Cost/ Unpaid Principal Balance Par Value Fair Value Valuation Technique(s) Unobservable Input Range (Weighted Average) Available for sale securities Municipal and other tax- exempt securities $ 10,870 $ 10,805 $ 10,093 Discounted cash flows Other debt securities 4,400 4,400 4,150 Discounted cash flows Residential mortgage loans held for sale N/A 12,468 11,856 Quoted prices of loans sold in securitization transactions, with a liquidity discount applied 1 1 Interest rate spread Interest rate spread Liquidity discount applied to the market value of mortgage loans qualifying for sale to U.S. government agencies Other assets - private equity funds N/A N/A 25,627 Net asset value reported by underlying fund Net asset value reported by underlying fund 4.96%-5.26% (5.21%) 92.65%-94.32% (93.09%) 5.62% - 5.67% (5.66%) 92.65% - 92.95% (92.77%) 2 3 4 3 95.09% N/A 1 Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume. 2 Interest rate yields used to value investment grade tax-exempt securities represent a spread of 488 to 516 basis points over average yields for comparable tax-exempt securities. 3 Represents fair value as a percentage of par value. 4 Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding less than 1%. 160 A summary of quantitative information about Recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2013 follows (in thousands): Quantitative Information about Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements Par Value Amortized Cost6 Fair Value Valuation Technique(s) Unobservable Input Range (Weighted Average) Available for sale securities Municipal and other tax- exempt securities $ 18,695 $ 18,624 $ 17,805 Discounted cash flows Other debt securities 4,900 4,900 4,712 Discounted cash flows 1 1 Interest rate spread Interest rate spread 4.97%-5.27% (5.16%) 95.02%-95.50% (95.24%) 5.67% (5.67%) 96.16% (96.16%) Equity securities and other mutual funds N/A 2,420 4,207 Publicly announced preliminary purchase price information from acquirer Discount for settlement uncertainty Other assets - private equity funds N/A N/A 27,341 Net asset value reported by underlying fund Net asset value reported by underlying fund N/A N/A 2 3 4 3 5 1 Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume. 2 Interest rate yields used to value investment grade tax-exempt securities represent a spread of 467 to 518 basis points over average yields for comparable tax-exempt securities. 3 Represents fair value as a percentage of par value. 4 Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding less than 1%. 5 Fair value of shares of a smaller privately-held financial institution were valued using preliminary announced purchase information by a publicly-traded acquirer. 161 Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include pension plan assets, which are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments, collateral for certain impaired loans and real property and other assets acquired to satisfy loans, which are based primarily on comparisons to completed sales of similar assets. In addition, goodwill impairment is evaluated based on the fair value of the Company's reporting units. The following represents the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and related losses recorded during the year. The carrying value represents only those assets with the balance sheet date for which the fair value was adjusted during the year: Carrying Value at December 31, 2014 Fair Value Adjustments for the Year Ended December 31, 2014 Recognized In: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Gross charge- offs against allowance for loan losses Net losses and expenses of repossessed assets, net Impaired loans Real estate and other repossessed assets $ — $ — $ 8,198 22,594 $ 635 3,691 $ 4,044 — — 3,563 Carrying Value at December 31, 2013 Fair Value Adjustments for the Year Ended December 31, 2013 Recognized In: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Gross charge- offs against allowance for loan losses Net losses and expenses of repossessed assets, net Impaired loans Real estate and other repossessed assets $ — $ — $ 8,380 20,733 $ 4,622 191 $ 6,598 — — 5,489 The fair value of collateral-dependent impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets and the related fair value adjustments are generally based on unadjusted third-party appraisals. Our appraisal review policies require appraised values to be supported by observed inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Appraisals that are not based on observable inputs or that require significant adjustments or fair value measurements that are not based on third-party appraisals are considered to be based on significant unobservable inputs. Non-recurring fair value measurements of collateral- dependent impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets based on significant unobservable inputs are generally due to estimates of current fair values between appraisal dates. Significant unobservable inputs include listing prices for comparable assets, uncorroborated expert opinions or management's knowledge of the collateral or industry. These inputs are developed by asset management and workout professionals and approved by senior Credit Administration executives. A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2014 follows (in thousands): Quantitative Information about Level 3 Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Valuation Technique(s) Unobservable Input Range (Weighted Average) Impaired loans $ 635 Appraised value, as adjusted Broker quotes and management's knowledge of industry and collateral. Real estate and other repossessed assets 3,691 Appraised value, as adjusted Marketability adjustments off appraised value N/A 65% 162 A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2013 follows (in thousands): Quantitative Information about Level 3 Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Valuation Technique(s) Unobservable Input Range (Weighted Average) Impaired loans $ 4,622 Appraised value, as adjusted Broker quotes and management's knowledge of industry and collateral. N/A Real estate and other repossessed assets 1 Marketability adjustments includes consideration of estimated costs to sell which is approximately 15% of the fair value. 191 Listing value, less cost to sell Marketability adjustments off appraised value 80%-85% (82%)1 The fair value of pension plan assets was approximately $49 million at both December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, determined by significant other observable inputs. Fair value adjustments of pension plan assets along with changes in the projected benefit obligation are recognized in other comprehensive income. Goodwill and intangible assets, which consist primarily of core deposit intangible assets and other acquired intangibles, for each business unit are evaluated for impairment annually as of October 1st or more frequently if conditions indicate that impairment may have occurred. The evaluation of possible impairment of intangible assets involves significant judgment based upon short-term and long-term projections of future performance. The fair value of each of our reporting units is estimated by the discounted future earnings method. Income growth is projected for each of our reporting units over five years and a terminal value is computed. The projected income stream is converted to fair value by using a discount rate that reflects a rate of return required by a willing buyer. Assumptions used to value our business units are based on growth rates, volatility, discount rate and market risk premium inherent in our current stock price. 163 Fair Value of Financial Instruments The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of all financial instruments, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2014 Range of Contractual Yields Average Re-pricing (in years) Discount Rate Cash and due from banks Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities: U.S. Government agency debentures U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total trading securities Investment securities: Municipal and other tax-exempt securities U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Carrying Value $ 550,576 1,925,266 85,092 31,199 38,951 33,458 188,700 405,090 35,750 211,520 652,360 1,005 63,557 U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities 6,646,884 Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities 165,957 Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities: 2,048,609 9,212 24,277 19,444 8,978,945 U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities 311,597 Other securities Total fair value option securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale — 311,597 304,182 Loans: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Mortgage servicing rights Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash margin Other assets – private equity funds Deposits with no stated maturity Time deposits Other borrowings Subordinated debentures 9,095,670 0.17% - 30.00% 2,728,150 0.38% - 18.00% 1,949,512 1.20% - 18.00% 434,705 0.38% - 21.00% 0.65 0.84 2.50 0.45 0.51% - 4.34% 1.09% - 3.78% 0.64% - 3.99% 1.04% - 3.98% 14,208,037 (189,056) 14,018,981 171,976 361,874 25,627 18,532,143 2,608,716 0.02% - 9.64% 3,378,294 0.21% - 1.52% 347,983 0.92% - 5.00% 1.92 0.12 1.67 0.76% - 1.33% 0.06% - 2.64% 2.14% Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash margin 354,554 164 Estimated Fair Value $ 550,576 1,925,266 85,092 31,199 38,951 33,458 188,700 408,344 37,463 227,819 673,626 1,005 63,557 6,646,884 165,957 2,048,609 9,212 24,277 19,444 8,978,945 311,597 — 311,597 304,182 8,948,870 2,704,454 1,985,870 431,274 14,070,468 — 14,070,468 171,976 361,874 25,627 18,532,143 2,612,576 3,331,771 344,687 354,554 December 31, 2013 Range of Contractual Yields Average Re-pricing (in years) Discount Rate Cash and due from banks Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities: U.S. Government agency debentures U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Municipal and other tax-exempt securities Other trading securities Total trading securities Investment securities: Municipal and other tax-exempt U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other debt securities Total investment securities Available for sale securities: U.S. Treasury Municipal and other tax-exempt Carrying Value $ 512,931 574,282 34,120 21,011 27,350 9,135 91,616 440,187 50,182 187,509 677,878 1,042 73,775 U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities 7,716,010 Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities 221,099 Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies Other debt securities Perpetual preferred stock Equity securities and mutual funds Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities: U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities Other securities Total fair value option securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale 2,055,804 35,241 22,863 21,328 10,147,162 157,431 9,694 167,125 200,546 Loans: Commercial Commercial real estate Residential mortgage Consumer Total loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Mortgage servicing rights Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash margin Other assets – private equity funds Deposits with no stated maturity Time deposits Other borrowings Subordinated debentures 7,943,221 0.04% - 30.00% 2,415,353 0.38% - 18.00% 2,052,026 0.38% - 18.00% 381,664 0.38% - 21.00% 0.49 0.78 2.63 0.55 0.48% - 4.33% 1.21% - 3.49% 0.59% - 4.73% 1.22% - 3.75% 12,792,264 (185,396) 12,606,868 153,333 265,012 27,341 17,573,334 2,695,993 0.01% - 9.64% 2,721,888 0.25% - 4.78% 347,802 0.95% - 5.00% 2.12 0.03 2.63 0.75% - 1.33% 0.08% - 2.64% 2.22% Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash margin 247,185 Estimated Fair Value $ 512,931 574,282 34,120 21,011 27,350 9,135 91,616 439,870 51,864 195,393 687,127 1,042 73,775 7,716,010 221,099 2,055,804 35,241 22,863 21,328 10,147,162 157,431 9,694 167,125 200,546 7,835,325 2,394,443 2,068,690 375,962 12,674,420 — 12,674,420 153,333 265,012 27,341 17,573,334 2,697,290 2,693,788 344,783 247,185 Because no market exists for certain of these financial instruments and management does not intend to sell these financial instruments, the fair values shown in the tables above may not represent values at which the respective financial instruments could be sold individually or in the aggregate at the given reporting date. 165 The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments: Cash and Cash Equivalents The book value reported in the consolidated balance sheet for cash and short-term instruments approximates those assets’ fair values. Securities The fair values of securities are generally based on Significant Other Observable Inputs such as quoted prices for comparable instruments or interest rates and credit spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds and loss severities. Loans The fair value of loans, excluding loans held for sale, are based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates and credit and liquidity spreads currently being offered for loans with similar remaining terms to maturity and risk, adjusted for the impact of interest rate floors and ceilings which are classified as Significant Unobservable Inputs. The fair values of loans were estimated to approximate their discounted cash flows less loan loss allowances allocated to these loans of $161 million at December 31, 2014 and $157 million at December 31, 2013. Deposits The fair values of time deposits are based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates currently being offered on similar transactions which are considered Significant Unobservable Inputs. Estimated fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, which includes demand deposits, transaction deposits, money market deposits and savings accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand. Although market premiums paid reflect an additional value for these low cost deposits, adjusting fair value for the expected benefit of these deposits is prohibited. Accordingly, the positive effect of such deposits is not included in the tables above. Other Borrowings and Subordinated Debentures The fair values of these instruments are based upon discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates currently being offered on similar instruments which are considered Significant Unobservable Inputs Off-Balance Sheet Instruments The fair values of commercial loan commitments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements. The fair values of these off-balance sheet instruments were not significant at December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013. Fair Value Election As more fully disclosed in Note 2 and Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has elected to carry all residential mortgage-backed securities which have been designated as economic hedges against changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, certain corporate debt securities economically hedged by derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk and all residential mortgage loans originated for sale at fair value. Changes in the fair value of these financial instruments are recognized in earnings. 166 (19) Parent Company Only Financial Statements Summarized financial information for BOK Financial – Parent Company Only follows: Balance Sheets (In thousands) Assets Cash and cash equivalents Available for sale securities Investment in subsidiaries Other assets Total assets Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity Other liabilities Total liabilities Shareholders’ equity: Common stock Capital surplus Retained earnings Treasury stock Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total shareholders’ equity Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity Statements of Earnings (In thousands) December 31, 2014 2013 $ 510,668 $ 561,297 24,794 27,526 2,774,276 2,426,495 1,637 12,872 $ 3,311,375 $ 3,028,190 $ 9,196 $ 9,196 8,141 8,141 4 4 954,644 898,586 2,530,837 2,349,428 (239,979) 56,673 (202,346) (25,623) 3,302,179 3,020,049 $ 3,311,375 $ 3,028,190 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Dividends, interest and fees received from subsidiaries $ 75,412 $ 225,340 $ 275,330 Other revenue Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings Total revenue Interest expense Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation Professional fees and services Other operating expense Total expense Income before taxes and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries Federal and state income taxes Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries 1,572 — 76,984 293 2,420 600 1,556 4,869 72,115 (1,702) 73,817 218,618 3,341 — 2,295 (1,099) 228,681 276,526 292 2,062 811 1,210 4,375 224,306 (1,578) 225,884 90,725 269 2,062 765 1,037 4,133 272,393 (1,706) 274,099 77,092 Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $ 292,435 $ 316,609 $ 351,191 167 Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands) Cash Flows From Operating Activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries Tax effect from equity compensation, net Change in other assets Change in other liabilities Net cash provided by operating activities Cash Flows From Investing Activities: Purchases of available for sale securities Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities Investment in subsidiaries Acquisitions, net of cash acquired Net cash used in investing activities Cash Flows From Financing Activities: Issuance of common and treasury stock, net Tax effect from equity compensation, net Dividends paid Repurchase of common stock Net cash used in financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Cash paid for interest Issuance of shares in settlement of deferred compensation, net (20) Subsequent Events Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 2014 $ 292,435 $ 316,609 $ 351,191 (218,618) (8,258) 8,726 1,055 75,340 — — (15,336) — (15,336) 4,472 8,258 (111,026) (12,337) (110,633) (50,629) 561,297 510,668 293 8,352 $ $ $ (90,725) (77,092) (2,210) (8,308) 4,263 (120) 4,237 (4,965) 219,629 273,251 — 13,600 (36,000) (7,500) (29,900) 16,566 2,210 (104,722) — (85,946) 103,783 457,514 (5,343) 4,781 (9,100) (20,000) (29,662) 14,650 120 (166,982) (20,558) (172,770) 70,819 386,695 $ $ $ 561,297 $ 457,514 292 $ — $ 269 — The Company evaluated events from the date of the consolidated financial statements on December 31, 2014 through the issuance of those consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. No events were identified requiring recognition in and/or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements. 168 Annual Financial Summary – Unaudited Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates (Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data) Assets Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities Investment securities Taxable Tax-exempt Total investment securities Available for sale securities Taxable Tax-exempt Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Total earning assets Receivable on unsettled securities sales Cash and other assets Total assets Liabilities and equity Interest-bearing deposits: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total interest-bearing liabilities Non-interest bearing demand deposits Due on unsettled securities purchases Other liabilities Total equity Total liabilities and equity Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets Less tax-equivalent adjustment Net Interest Revenue Provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interests Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent: Net income: Basic Diluted Year Ended December 31, 2014 Average Balance Revenue/ Expense Yield/ Rate 2,749 2,520 13,183 6,785 19,968 182,923 3,321 186,244 3,611 7,040 10,143 510,916 510,916 743,191 9,757 401 40,525 50,683 341 583 6,748 8,690 67,045 0.24% 2.57% 5.66% 1.61% 3.05% 1.94% 3.73% 1.95% 2.05% 5.54% 3.93% 3.81% 3.87% 2.95% 0.10% 0.12% 1.53% 0.40% 0.07% 0.06% 0.35% 2.50% 0.41% $ 1,127,664 120,415 $ 233,105 422,507 655,612 9,546,366 92,438 9,638,804 183,206 127,161 259,809 13,406,118 (189,574) 13,216,544 25,329,215 88,784 2,580,859 27,998,858 9,737,795 345,183 2,644,847 12,727,825 494,220 928,767 1,928,742 347,892 16,427,446 7,687,333 136,360 536,958 3,210,761 27,998,858 $ $ $ $ $ 676,146 2.54% 2.68% 10,952 665,194 — 612,659 847,522 430,331 134,852 295,479 3,044 292,435 4.23 4.22 $ $ $ Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented.The yield calculations exclude security trades that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also include average loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield/rate calculations are generally based on the conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued. 169 Annual Financial Summary – Unaudited (continued) Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates (Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data) Year Ended December 31, 2013 Average Balance Revenue/ Expense Yield/ Rate Average Balance December 31, 2012 Revenue/ Expense Yield/ Rate Assets Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities Investment securities $ 503,603 148,816 $ Taxable Tax-exempt Total investment securities Available for sale securities Taxable Tax-exempt Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Total earning assets Receivable on unsettled securities sales Cash and other assets Total assets Liabilities and equity Interest-bearing deposits: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total interest-bearing liabilities Non-interest bearing demand deposits Due on unsettled securities purchases Other liabilities Total equity $ $ Total liabilities and equity $ Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets Less tax-equivalent adjustment Net Interest Revenue Provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interests Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent: Net income: Basic Diluted 1,075 2,696 14,260 6,324 20,584 204,830 3,498 208,328 3,907 5,071 8,505 505,503 505,503 755,669 11,155 442 43,967 55,564 848 503 5,238 8,741 70,894 244,750 365,543 610,293 10,717,416 116,066 10,833,482 200,888 126,127 230,588 12,342,333 (203,874) 12,138,459 24,792,256 121,540 2,467,298 27,381,094 9,524,008 313,280 2,795,676 12,632,964 866,062 811,996 1,693,993 347,717 16,352,732 7,090,319 313,082 613,879 3,011,082 27,381,094 $ $ 684,775 10,298 674,477 (27,900) 614,472 840,620 476,229 157,298 318,931 2,322 316,609 4.61 4.59 $ $ $ 170 0.34% 1.59% 5.88% 4.06% 5.29% 2.42% 3.68% 2.44% 2.51% 4.78% 3.64% 4.44% 4.53% 3.53% 0.16% 0.21% 1.68% 0.54% 0.14% 0.09% 2.20% 3.79% 0.56% 2.97% 3.15% 0.21% $ 1.81% 279,063 134,176 $ 945 2,138 5.83% 1.82% 3.48% 286,626 145,899 432,525 1.96% 10,542,074 3.13% 106,037 1.97% 10,648,111 379,603 1.97% 47,961 4.02% 3.73% 227,795 4.10% 11,696,054 (238,806) 4.16% 11,457,248 3.09% 23,606,482 160,576 2,522,092 $ 26,289,150 0.12% $ 9,040,626 261,822 0.14% 1.57% 3,114,046 0.44% 12,416,494 1,512,711 0.10% 1,072,650 0.06% 155,664 0.31% 2.51% 363,699 0.43% 15,521,218 6,590,283 691,644 580,051 2,905,955 $ 26,289,151 2.66% 2.80% 16,848 5,601 22,449 237,226 3,716 240,942 8,464 2,291 8,185 518,784 518,784 804,198 $ 14,300 540 52,173 67,013 2,095 1,008 3,428 13,778 87,322 $ 716,876 9,327 707,549 (22,000) 653,678 840,363 542,864 188,740 354,124 2,933 $ 351,191 $ $ 5.15 5.13 171 Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates (In Thousands, Except Per Share Data) Three Months Ended Average Balance December 31, 2014 Revenue/ Expense Yield/ Rate Average Balance September 30, 2014 Revenue/ Expense Yield/ Rate Assets Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents Trading securities Investment securities $ 2,090,176 164,502 $ Taxable Tax-exempt Total investment securities Available for sale securities Taxable Tax-exempt Total available for sale securities Fair value option securities Restricted equity securities Residential mortgage loans held for sale Loans Allowance for loan losses Loans, net of allowance Total earning assets Receivable on unsettled securities sales Cash and other assets Total assets Liabilities and equity Interest-bearing deposits: Transaction Savings Time Total interest-bearing deposits Funds purchased Repurchase agreements Other borrowings Subordinated debentures Total interest-bearing liabilities Non-interest bearing demand deposits Due on unsettled securities purchases Other liabilities Total equity Total liabilities and equity Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets Less tax-equivalent adjustment Net Interest Revenue Provision for credit losses Other operating revenue Other operating expense Net income before taxes Federal and state income taxes Net income Net income attributable to non-controlling interests Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent: Net income: Basic Diluted 244,395 406,516 650,911 9,073,467 88,434 9,161,901 221,773 182,737 321,746 13,882,005 (190,787) 13,691,218 26,484,964 69,109 2,578,124 $ 29,132,197 $ 9,730,564 346,132 2,647,147 12,723,843 71,728 996,308 3,021,094 347,960 17,160,933 7,974,165 137,566 549,388 3,310,145 $ 29,132,197 $ 1,500 901 3,468 1,586 5,054 43,953 904 44,857 1,053 2,635 3,101 130,378 130,378 189,479 2,328 96 9,777 12,201 14 109 2,443 2,189 16,956 $ 172,523 2,859 169,664 — 150,036 225,877 93,823 28,242 65,581 1,263 64,318 0.93 0.93 $ $ $ 601 561 3,238 1,605 4,843 45,257 675 45,932 913 2,133 2,929 128,695 128,695 186,607 2,381 101 10,237 12,719 59 141 2,004 2,154 17,077 0.28% $ 2.48% 1,217,942 107,909 $ 5.68% 1.56% 3.11% 228,771 412,604 641,375 1.97% 9,436,137 4.23% 90,590 1.99% 9,526,727 2.18% 180,268 5.77% 142,418 3.87% 310,924 3.73% 13,518,578 (191,141) 3.78% 13,327,437 2.86% 25,455,000 63,277 2,597,280 $ 28,115,557 0.09% $ 9,473,575 0.11% 342,488 1.47% 2,610,561 0.38% 12,426,624 0.08% 320,817 0.04% 1,027,206 0.32% 2,333,961 2.50% 347,914 0.39% 16,456,522 7,800,350 124,952 485,304 3,248,429 $ 28,115,557 2.47% 2.61% $ $ 169,530 2,739 166,791 — 163,048 221,834 108,005 31,879 76,126 494 75,632 1.09 1.09 $ $ $ 0.20% 2.67% 5.66% 1.56% 3.03% 1.94% 3.14% 1.95% 2.05% 5.99% 3.79% 3.78% 3.83% 2.93% 0.10% 0.12% 1.56% 0.41% 0.07% 0.05% 0.34% 2.46% 0.41% 2.52% 2.67% Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented.The yield calculations exclude security trades that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also include average loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield/rate calculations are generally based on the conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued 172 Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited (continued) Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates Average Balance June 30, 2014 Revenue / Expense Yield / Rate Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 Revenue / Expense Average Balance December 31, 2013 Yield / Rate Average Balance Revenue / Expense Yield / Rate 0.24% $ 2.40% 549,473 92,409 $ 0.20% $ 2.85% 559,918 127,011 $ 383 527 3,195 1,764 4,959 46,458 1,007 47,465 794 1,275 2,523 127,508 127,508 185,434 2,489 106 10,182 12,777 107 182 1,279 2,189 16,534 $ 635,140 116,186 $ 226,528 432,265 658,793 9,706,965 93,969 9,800,934 164,684 97,016 219,308 13,264,461 (189,329) 13,075,132 24,767,193 108,825 2,610,803 27,486,821 9,850,991 355,459 2,636,444 12,842,894 574,926 914,892 1,294,932 347,868 15,975,512 7,654,225 166,521 513,839 3,176,724 27,486,821 $ $ $ $ $ 168,900 2,803 166,097 — 162,569 214,707 113,959 37,230 76,729 834 75,895 1.10 1.10 $ $ $ 232,646 439,110 671,756 9,980,069 96,873 10,076,942 165,515 85,234 185,196 12,947,926 (186,979) 12,760,947 24,587,472 114,708 2,536,588 27,238,768 9,900,823 336,576 2,686,041 12,923,440 1,021,755 773,127 1,038,747 347,824 16,104,893 7,312,076 116,295 600,430 3,105,074 27,238,768 $ 5.64% 1.63% 3.01% 1.94% 4.44% 1.96% 1.94% 5.26% 4.63% 3.85% 3.91% 3.02% $ 0.10% $ 0.12% 1.55% 0.40% 0.07% 0.08% 0.40% 2.52% 0.42% $ 2.60% 2.75% 265 531 3,282 1,830 5,112 47,255 735 47,990 851 997 1,590 124,335 124,335 181,671 2,559 98 10,329 12,986 161 151 1,022 2,158 16,478 $ 165,193 2,551 162,642 — 137,006 185,104 114,544 37,501 77,043 453 76,590 1.11 1.11 $ $ $ 173 0.18% 1.73% 5.75% 1.66% 3.12% 1.89% 2.74% 1.89% 2.06% 5.06% 4.16% 4.01% 4.07% 3.02% 0.11% 0.12% 1.55% 0.42% 0.08% 0.06% 0.31% 2.48% 0.42% 2.60% 2.74% 238,306 434,416 672,722 10,322,624 112,186 10,434,810 167,490 123,009 217,811 12,461,576 (193,309) 12,268,267 24,571,038 83,016 2,448,734 27,102,788 9,486,136 323,123 2,710,019 12,519,278 748,074 752,286 1,551,591 347,781 15,919,010 7,356,063 152,078 621,834 3,053,803 27,102,788 $ 5.64% 1.67% 3.04% 1.90% 3.11% 1.91% 1.99% 4.68% 3.46% 3.89% 3.95% 2.99% $ 0.10% $ 0.12% 1.56% 0.41% 0.06% 0.08% 0.40% 2.52% 0.41% $ 2.58% 2.71% 258 472 3,424 1,772 5,196 48,295 751 49,046 892 1,555 2,251 125,917 125,917 185,587 2,566 95 10,587 13,248 145 105 1,205 2,173 16,876 $ 168,711 2,467 166,244 (11,400) 147,015 215,419 109,240 35,318 73,922 946 72,976 1.06 1.06 $ $ $ ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES As of the end of the period covered by this report and pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness and design of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting information required to be disclosed by the Company, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. In addition and as of the end of the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), as amended, of the Exchange Act) during the Company's fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting. The Report of Management on Financial Statements and Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appear within Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” The independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has audited the financial statements included in Item 8 and has issued an audit report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting, which appears therein. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The information set forth under the headings “Election of Directors,” “Executive Officers, “Insider Reporting,” “Director Nominations,” and “Risk Oversight and Audit Committee” in BOK Financial's 2015 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. The Company has a Code of Ethics which is applicable to all Directors, officers and employees of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, respectively. A copy of the Code of Ethics will be provided without charge to any person who requests it by writing to the Company's headquarters at Bank of Oklahoma Tower, P.O. Box 2300, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74192 or telephoning the Chief Auditor at (918) 588-6000. The Company will also make available amendments to or waivers from its Code of Ethics applicable to Directors or executive officers, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations. There are no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company's board of directors since the Company's 2014 Annual Proxy Statement to Shareholders. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information set forth under the heading “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation, “Compensation Committee Report,” “Executive Compensation Tables,” and “Director Compensation” in BOK Financial's 2015 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. 174 ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information set forth under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Election of Directors” in BOK Financial's 2015 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE Information regarding related parties is set forth in Note 13 of the Company's Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which appears elsewhere herein. Additionally, the information set forth under the headings “Certain Transactions,” “Director Independence” and “Related Party Transaction Review and Approval Process” in BOK Financial's 2015 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The information set forth under the heading “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” in BOK Financial's 2015 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) (1) Financial Statements The following financial statements of BOK Financial Corporation are filed as part of this Form 10-K in Item 8: Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Annual Financial Summary - Unaudited Quarterly Financial Summary - Unaudited Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (a) (2) Financial Statement Schedules The schedules to the consolidated financial statements required by Regulation S-X are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and are therefore omitted. 175 (a) (3) Exhibits Exhibit Number Description of Exhibit 3.0 3.1 3.1(a) 4.0 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.4.2 10.4.2 (a) 10.4.2 (b) 10.4.2 (c) 10.4.5 10.4.5 (a) 10.4.5 (b) 10.4.5 (c) 10.4.7 10.4.7 (a) The Articles of Incorporation of BOK Financial, incorporated by reference to (i) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of BOK Financial filed with the Oklahoma Secretary of State on May 28, 1991, filed as Exhibit 3.0 to S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450, and (ii) Amendment attached as Exhibit A to Information Statement and Prospectus Supplement filed November 20, 1991. Bylaws of BOK Financial, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Bylaws of BOK Financial, as amended and restated as of October 30, 2007, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K filed on November 5, 2007. The rights of the holders of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock of BOK Financial are set forth in its Certificate of Incorporation. Purchase and Sale Agreement dated October 25, 1990, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.0 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement effective March 29, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Letter agreement dated April 12, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Second Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement effective April 15, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Employment and Compensation Agreements. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Agreement (Amended as of December 1, 2003) between Steven G. Bradshaw and BOK Financial Corporation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.2 of Form 10- K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003. 409A Deferred Compensation Agreement between Steven G. Bradshaw and BOK Financial Corporation dated December 31, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.2 (a) of Form 8-K filed on January 5, 2005. Employment Agreement between BOK Financial and Steven G. Bradshaw dated September 29, 2003, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.2 (b) of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 30, 2013) between BOK Financial and Steven G. Bradshaw, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.A of Form 8-K filed August 20, 2013. 409A Deferred Compensation Agreement between Daniel H. Ellinor and BOK Financial Corporation dated December 31, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.5 of Form 8-K filed on January 5, 2005. Employment Agreement between BOK Financial and Dan H. Ellinor dated August 29, 2003, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.5 (a) of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. Deferred Compensation Agreement dated November 28, 2003 between Daniel H. Ellinor and BOK Financial Corporation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.5 (b) of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and Daniel Ellinor, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.B of Form 8-K filed August 20, 2013. 409A Deferred Compensation Agreement between Steven E. Nell and BOK Financial Corporation dated December 31, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.7 of Form 8-K filed on January 5, 2005. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Agreement (Amended as of December 1, 2003) between Steven E. Nell and BOK Financial Corporation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.7 (a) of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. 176 Exhibit Number 10.4.7 (b) 10.4.8 10.4.8 (a) 10.4.9 10.4.9 (a) Description of Exhibit Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and Steven Nell incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.B of Form 8-K filed September 4, 2013. Employment Agreement dated August 1, 2005 between BOK Financial Corporation and Donald T. Parker, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99 (a) of Form 8-K filed on February 1, 2006. Amended and Restated Employment Agreement Dated June 15, 2013 between BOK Financial and Donald T. Parker, filed herewith. Employment Agreement dated April 4, 2008 between Bank of Texas, NA, and Norman P. Bagwell, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.9 of Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2013. First Amendment of Employment Agreement dated June 30, 2011 between Bank of Texas, a division of BOKF, NA, and Norman P. Bagwell, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.9 (a) of Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2013. 10.4.9 (b) Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and Norman Bagwell, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.A of Form 8-K filed September 4, 2013. 10.6 10.7.7 10.7.8 10.7.9 10.7.10 10.7.11 10.7.12 10.7.13 10.7.14 10.7.15 10.7.16 10.8 10.9 21 23 Capitalization and Stock Purchase Agreement dated May 20, 1991, between BOK Financial and Kaiser, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. BOK Financial Corporation 2001 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 Registration Statement No. 333-62578. BOK Financial Corporation Directors' Stock Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 Registration Statement No. 33-79836. Bank of Oklahoma Thrift Plan (Amended and Restated Effective as of January 1, 1995), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7.6 of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. Trust Agreement for the Bank of Oklahoma Thrift Plan (December 30, 1994), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7.7 of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 Registration Statement No. 333-106531. BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Executive Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 Registration Statement No. 333-106530. 10b5-1 Repurchase Plan between BOK Financial Corporation and BOSC, Inc. dated May 27, 2008, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed May 27, 2008. BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Executive Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, for the Chief Executive Officer and for Direct Reports to the Chief Executive Officer, incorporated by reference to the Schedule 14 A Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 15, 2011. BOK Financial Corporation 2011 True-Up Plan, for the Chief Executive Officer and his Direct Reports, incorporated by reference to the Schedule 14A Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 15, 2011. BOK Financial Corporation 2009 Omnibus Incentive Plan, Amended and Restated effective April 30, 2013, incorporated by reference to the Schedule 14A Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 20, 2013. Lease Agreement between One Williams Center Co. and National Bank of Tulsa (predecessor to BOk) dated June 18, 1974, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Lease Agreement between Security Capital Real Estate Fund and BOk dated January 1, 1988, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. Subsidiaries of BOK Financial, filed herewith. Consent of independent registered public accounting firm - Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith. 177 Exhibit Number 31.1 31.2 32 99 99 (a) 101 Description of Exhibit Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. Additional Exhibits. Credit Agreement dated June 9, 2011 between BOK Financial Corporation and participating lenders, incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q filed November 6, 2012. Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Earnings, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, filed herewith. (b) Exhibits See Item 15 (a) (3) above. (c) Financial Statement Schedules See Item 15 (a) (2) above. 178 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION DATE: February 27, 2015 BY: /s/ George B. Kaiser George B. Kaiser Chairman of the Board of Directors Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on February 27, 2015, by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated. OFFICERS /s/ George B. Kaiser George B. Kaiser Chairman of the Board of Directors /s/ Steven G. Bradshaw Steven G. Bradshaw Director, President and Chief Executive Officer /s/ Steven E. Nell Steven E. Nell Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer /s/ John C. Morrow John C. Morrow Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer 179 /s/ Alan S. Armstrong Alan S. Armstrong /s/ C. Frederick Ball, Jr. C. Frederick Ball, Jr. /s/ Sharon J. Bell Sharon J. Bell /s/ Peter C. Boylan, III Peter C. Boylan, III /s/ Chester E. Cadieux, III Chester E. Cadieux, III /s/ Joseph W. Craft, III Joseph W. Craft, III /s/ John W. Gibson John W. Gibson /s/ David F. Griffin David F. Griffin /s/ V. Burns Hargis V. Burns Hargis /s/ Douglas D. Hawthorne Douglas D. Hawthorne DIRECTORS /s/ E. Carey Joullian, IV E. Carey Joullian, IV /s/ Robert J. LaFortune Robert J. LaFortune /s/ Stanley A. Lybarger Stanley A. Lybarger /s/ Steven J. Malcolm Steven J. Malcolm /s/ Emmet C. Richards Emmet C. Richards /s/ John Richels John Richels /s/ Michael C. Turpen Michael C. Turpen R.A. Walker 180 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 FOR THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER I, Steven G. Bradshaw, President and Chief Executive Officer of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”), certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of BOK Financial; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 27, 2015 /s/ Steven G. Bradshaw Steven G. Bradshaw President Chief Executive Officer BOK Financial Corporation Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 FOR THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER I, Steven E. Nell, Chief Financial Officer of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”), certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of BOK Financial; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c. d. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 6. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 27, 2015 /s/ Steven E. Nell Steven E. Nell Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer BOK Financial Corporation Exhibit 32 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 In connection with the Annual Report of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, Steven G. Bradshaw and Steven E. Nell, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of BOK Financial, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to our knowledge: 1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of BOK Financial as of, and for, the periods presented. February 27, 2015 /s/ Steven G. Bradshaw Steven G. Bradshaw President Chief Executive Officer BOK Financial Corporation /s/ Steven E. Nell Steven E. Nell Executive Vice President Chief Financial Officer BOK Financial Corporation RETAIL AND COMMERCIAL BANKING: WEALTH MANAGEMENT: TRANSACTION PROCESSING: MORTGAGE BANKING: CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS: Bank of Oklahoma Tower P.O. Box 2300 Tulsa, Oklahoma 74192 918.588.6000 

Continue reading text version or see original annual report in PDF format above