Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / BOK Financial

BOK Financial

bokf · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Ticker bokf
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2017 Annual Report · BOK Financial
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2017 ANNUAL REPORT

BOK Financial: A Regional Banking Powerhouse 

KEY STATISTICS:

Assets 

Loans 

Deposits 

Fiduciary Assets 

Assets Under Management 
& Custody 

December 31, 2017

$32.3 billion

$17.2 billion

$22.1 billion

$48.8 billion

$81.8 billion

Full-Service Banking Markets

Additional Mortgage Banking Markets 

Additional Wealth Management Markets

2017 HIGHLIGHTS:

 • 27th consecutive year of profitability

 • 44% year-over-year increase in net income to $335 million

 • Record revenue

 • 13th consecutive year of dividend increases for stockholders

 • Surpassed $80 billion of wealth management assets  

under management and administration for the first time  
in company history

 • Named one of America’s most respected banks by  

American Banker magazine

 • Named Philanthropist of the Year by the Association  

of Fundraising Professionals

On The Cover: Our BOK Financial logo shows images of employees volunteering with nonprofit organizations in the communities we serve. 
Community engagement is a core value of BOK Financial, and reflects the deeply-ingrained philanthropic priorities of our leadership team.

 
Community Engagement 

 “Actively advance the communities we serve” is one of our core values, which the company, our employees, and our 

leaders have demonstrated for more than a century. Through financial contributions and the generosity of our employees 
giving their time and talent, BOK Financial makes a significant impact in the communities we serve.

We support initiatives that enhance the educational opportunities in our communities, invest in economic development 
through our local chambers of commerce and teach financial education through our Learn for Life program. Additionally, we 
provide volunteer and financial support to a variety of organizations that work tirelessly to serve the most vulnerable citizens 
in our community by meeting their basic needs and addressing issues such as poverty, hunger, healthcare and safety. 

FOUR PILLARS OF GIVING

Basic Needs

Economic
Development

Education

United Way

OUR PHILANTHROPY BY THE NUMBERS

$5.1 MILLION
Total contributions

692
Nonprofits
received funding

711
Nonprofit leadership positions
filled by 384 employees

5,263
Children taught by our
financial literacy program,
Learn for Life

$2.2 MILLION
Employee contributions
to United Way

$940,000
Corporate contributions
to United Way

“The underpinning of BOK Financial has always been one of the commitment to our communities, our 
customers, and each other. Our employees learn early in their careers that community involvement is core 
to the DNA of our company, and that the leaders in our company have embraced this commitment.”

Steven G. Bradshaw
President and CEO, BOK Financial

 
Dear Shareholders,

2017 was a terrific year for BOK 
Financial, its employees, and its 
shareholders. Total revenue was a 
record $1.66 billion1; net income 
attributable to BOK Financial 
shareholders was $334.6 million, up 44 
percent compared to 2016; and we 
reported diluted earnings per share of 
$5.11, the second-highest level in our 
company’s history. 

This strong performance was the result 
of several factors, not the least of 
which was the hard work and sacrifice 
of every single one of our employees. 
They really rose to the occasion in an 
intensely-competitive environment, 
helping to differentiate BOK Financial with 
its customers, prospects, and communities. 
More on this later in my letter.

In 2017, we generated very strong 
growth in net interest income, which 
was up 12.6 percent compared to 2016.  
We have always positioned the bank to 
be relatively neutral to movements in 
interest rates, with the overarching 
strategic view that the way to build 
shareholder value is to make good loans, 
build fee businesses, and carefully 
manage costs; and that trying to time 
rate movements is a difficult, and 
potentially costly proposition. This 
strategy was borne out over the last 
several years as we remained fully 
invested, generating substantial net 
interest income for our shareholders. 
That said, thus far in the cycle our 
balance sheet has behaved more asset 
sensitive than we would have otherwise 
modeled as deposit pricing across the 
banking industry has remained 
disciplined. 

Going forward, holding deposit costs at 
competitive levels while still growing 
balances will be a challenging objective 

for all of us in the banking industry, 
including BOK Financial. But this will be 
essential as we continue to work back to 
pre-Great Recession margin levels as an 
industry. Additional Federal Reserve rate 
hikes that are anticipated in 2018 will be 
helpful in this regard. 

Another major driver of our strong 
2017 financial performance was 
expense discipline. One of our core 
goals every year is to drive earnings 
leverage by holding expense growth to 
no more than half of revenue growth. 
We were successful in this regard in 
2017, as expenses were increased only 
modestly from the prior year despite the 
significant increase in revenue. Our 
future success will demand that we 
continue this discipline. 

The credit environment remains stable, 
and accordingly, we reversed $7 million 
of loan loss reserves in 2017. At year 
end, we believe we were appropriately 
reserved for potential losses in the 
portfolio, and barring an unforeseen 
negative turn in credit quality we will 
likely see additional reversals of  
loan loss provision, at least through  
early 2018.

Our strong credit quality is 
attributable to the fact that we are 
disciplined credit underwriters. This 
is core to our strategy of building our 
bank to outperform peers across the full 
economic cycle, and is largely 
manifested in our modest concentration 
in commercial real estate relative to 
peers. Although we are active nationally 
in commercial real estate, we are very 
selective in terms of our clients and we 
do not chase growth. Our lower CRE 
concentration relative to peers is 
balanced with our higher concentration 
in energy lending, and again, this is 

strategic: while these are both cyclical 
businesses that go through downturns 
from time to time, the low loss severity 
in energy during industry troughs is 
evidenced by the modest losses we 
experienced during the energy downturn 
of 2014–2016. At the same time, energy 
customers tend to be some of our most 
complete relationships as they are heavy 
users of ancillary services such as 
treasury management, private banking 
and wealth management, 401(k) 
services, acquisition and divestiture 
advisory services, and agented credit 
facilities, among others.

Our differentiated wealth 
management business was another 
major contributor to the strong 
2017 financial results. Wealth 
management grew revenue 11.4 percent 
and earnings 46.1 percent during the 
year. In addition, loans were up 16.0 
percent, deposits were up 13.3 percent, 
and assets under management and 
administration topped $80 billion for the 
first time in company history.

This is a business we have been steadily 
growing and building. We have the scale, 
product depth, and professional team to 
capitalize on one of the most significant 
demographic trends that will impact our 
industry in the coming decades: the 
transition of over $3 trillion of wealth 
from Baby Boomers to their heirs. 

Wealth management continues to 
find innovative ways to fuel growth. 
In 2016 we strategically hired a team of 
advisors from a New England-based 
brokerage firm that specialized in 
providing services to investors in 
mortgage backed securities. Through 
this team, we were able to introduce 
new products that led to deeper 
relationships with our customers in the 

1 Defined as interest revenue plus total fees and commissions

 
mortgage industry and the contribution 
of $9 million of incremental wealth 
management revenue in 2017.

Loan growth was muted this year, and 
we know we need to re-energize 
growth here to meet our financial 
objectives. We believe the 2018 
economic environment will be more 
conducive to loan growth. First, 
economic growth and employment 
seemed to be accelerating in the 
second half of 2017. In addition, we 
believe many of our commercial and 
industrial clients put projects on hold in 
2017 as they waited for clarity on tax 
reform and what it might mean for 
capital spending. Now that tax reform 
has passed, this headwind should 
subside. Finally, the potential for 
healthcare reform stalled growth in our 
senior housing business early in the 
year, and this too is behind us now.

Fee and commission revenue was 
down slightly as higher interest rates 
caused refinancing volume and 
gain-on-sale margins to decrease 
materially in our mortgage business. 
However, our fee businesses are 
diverse, and this decrease was mostly 
offset by the aforementioned strength 
in wealth management and continued 
growth in transaction processing. 
We believe we can accelerate fee 
income growth in 2018 as wealth 
management continues its momentum, 
and transaction processing continues 
to benefit from continued growth in 
electronic transaction volume.

Looking Forward

We are enthusiastic about the potential 
for Dodd-Frank reform, specifically the 
proposal to move the threshold for the 
so-called “SIFI Limit” (Systemically 

Important Financial Institutions) to 
$250 billion from its current $50 billion. 
The SIFI limit has significantly impacted 
how we think about growth strategies. 
In fact last year, when it appeared that 
legislative discussion about moving the 
SIFI limit had stalled, we conducted a 
detailed analysis to determine the cost 
of crossing the $50 billion threshold. 
We viewed that cost as prohibitive  
and it impacted our desire to pursue 
growth through larger scale 
acquisitions. 

If the limit is moved higher as 
proposed, we have the opportunity  
to pursue larger in-footprint acquisition 
targets so that we can add much 
needed scale to spread risk 
management and technology 
infrastructure spend over a larger base. 

As we noted in our investor 
communications throughout 2017,  
we expect to increase spending on 
information technology projects in 
2018. New leadership in information 
technology has helped our team 
identify areas of investment that will 
pay significant dividends in our 
business as we look to surpass our 
competition in several important areas. 

One area where we intend to invest in 
2018 is data analytics, as better 
leveraging of our digital assets can 
lead to significant benefits in how we 
run the business. For example, in 
credit risk management we have 
decades of data on how various loan 
types perform across the economic 
cycle. Viewed through the lens of data 
analytics, this information can help 
supplement the intellectual property 
already housed in the minds of our 
credit analysis team. This in turn will 
help us identify the types of borrowers, 

loan structures, and industries where 
we can grow without unacceptably 
increasing risk to the bank. 

In business resiliency, the natural 
disaster events of 2017 provided a 
great collective learning experience for 
the company. Although we recovered 
from the August 2017 tornado that hit 
our operations center within hours, and 
Hurricane Harvey ultimately proved to 
be largely a non-event for our company, 
both events identified areas of 
improvement. We expect to look more 
closely at cloud-based solutions in 
2018 for that reason, which is a change 
from our historic preference to have all 
key systems housed within our own 
data center.

Changing consumer preferences that 
impact several business units also will 
require ongoing IT investment. We are 
ramping up our capabilities in the 
growing self-service or DIY channels, 
which reduce traditional cost of delivery 
over time, and exploring automation 
and robotics for transaction execution.

We also continue to scour the 
company to eliminate unnecessary 
cost with the goal of improving our 
efficiency ratio. An internal program 
conducted across the company 
identified more than $1.4 million in 
run-rate expense reductions in 2017, 
and we expect to identify another $2 
million or more in 2018. This will 
complement the granular expense 
review process we now have in  
place as we strive to reduce our 
efficiency ratio to 60 percent in the  
next three years. 

donated more than $2.2 million to our 
various United Way campaigns in 2017. 
Their charitable spirit is matched by the 
company, which granted more than 
$5.1 million to charitable causes 
through the BOKF Foundation.  

Accordingly, BOK Financial was 
recognized by the Association of 
Fundraising Professionals, a national 
umbrella organization for philanthropy, 
as a 2017 Outstanding Philanthropist.

I’m proud of each and every one of my 
BOK Financial teammates. They are 
outstanding ambassadors for BOK 
Financial, whether they are meeting the 
needs of customers with the highest 
ethical standards; giving their time, talent, 
and resources to our communities; or 
donning hip waders and slogging 
through flood water to help a fellow 
employee rebuild their home in the wake 
of a hurricane. It’s the spirit and character 
of BOK Financial’s employees that made 
our strong 2017 financial results possible; 
this gives us much as to build on in 2018.

Best regards,

Steven G. Bradshaw
President and Chief Executive Officer

The Spirit and 
Character of Our 
Employees

Although 2017 was a great year 
financially for the company, two 
non-financial accomplishments 
highlight what I am most proud of  
this year.

Hurricane Harvey had a dramatic 
impact on our nearly 300 employees in 
Houston. Many of them were personally 
impacted and displaced from homes; 
some even had to be evacuated by 
boat. As the disaster unfolded on the 
news, I got the same question over and 
over from employees across the 
footprint: How can I help? 

We quickly reacted and worked with a 
local non-profit to form an employee 
relief fund to assist impacted employees 
in the rebuilding effort. 

All employees were able to contribute, 
with total contributions matched by the 
company. The outpouring was 
overwhelming: 597 employees 
contributed nearly $90,000, enabling us 
to provide meaningful assistance to 
those in need. 

The weekend following the storm, I 
learned that BOK Financial teammates 
were showing up at the homes of their 
fellow employees to help with the even 
harder part of the rebuilding effort: 
tearing out and disposing of damaged 
drywall and carpet, mopping out 
flooded rooms, and hauling refuse to 
the dump. 

The collective effort of all employees in 
this regard was without question my 
proudest moment as CEO. It shows the 
true spirit and character of our team.

And it’s this spirit and character 
that is reflected in BOK Financial 
being named one of America’s 
most respected banks in a June 
2017 survey of customers and 
prospects by American Banker 
Magazine. In that survey, we scored 
highest in all of the areas that a CEO or 
shareholder would want his or her 
company to demonstrate, including 
corporate citizenship, governance, 
workplace, ethical behavior and fairness 
in the way it conducts business.

It’s no accident that we outperformed in 
this regard. The underpinning of BOK 
Financial has always been one of 
commitment to our communities, our 
customers, and each other. This is 
reflective of the philanthropic priorities 
of our chairman, George Kaiser, who 
was one of the original signers of The 
Giving Pledge, a commitment by the 
world’s wealthiest individuals and 
families to dedicate the majority of their 
wealth to giving back2. Our employees 
learn early in their careers that 
community involvement is core to the 
DNA of our company, and that the 
leaders in our company have embraced 
this commitment.

And they respond wholeheartedly.  
In 2017, BOK Financial employees 
volunteered more than 20,000 hours  
to local non-profit entities, and 384 of 
them serve on 551 leadership boards 
and set tone, direction, and strategy  
for these organizations. Employees 

2 For more information see www.givingpledge.org.
Photo courtesy of TulsaPeople Magazine.

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

(Mark One) 

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2017 

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to ______________                 

Commission File No. 0-19341

BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Oklahoma

(State or other jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization)

Bank of Oklahoma Tower

Boston Avenue at Second Street

Tulsa, Oklahoma

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

73-1373454

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

74172

(Zip Code)

 (918) 588-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:  None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act:
Common stock, $0.00006 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the Act.  Yes  

  No  

  No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
  No  
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.       Yes  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data 
File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter)during the preceding 12 months 
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be 
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this 
Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting 
company.  See definitions of “larger accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act.  (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying 
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  

     Accelerated filer   Non-accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company  

Emerging growth company  

  No  

The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock ("Common Stock") held by non-affiliates is approximately $2.1 billion (based 
on the June 30, 2017 closing price of Common Stock of $84.13 per share). As of January 31, 2018, there were 65,550,406 shares of Common 
Stock outstanding.

Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOK Financial Corporation 
Form 10-K 
Year Ended December 31, 2017  

Index 

Part I 

Business 

Risk Factors 

Unresolved Staff Comments 

Properties 

Legal Proceedings 

Mine Safety Disclosures 

Part II 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities 
Selected Financial Data 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Item 1 

Item 1A 

Item 1B 

Item 2 

Item 3 

Item 4 

Item 5 

Item 6 

Item 7 

Item 7A 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 

1 

9 

14 

14 

14 

14 

15 

18 

18 

74 

80 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure  168 
167 
Controls and Procedures 

Other Information 

Part III 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

Executive Compensation 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters 
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services 

Item 8 

Item 9 

Item 9A 

Item 9B 

Item 10 

Item 11 

Item 12 

Item 13 

Item 14 

167 

167 

167 

168 

168 

168 

168 

171 

Part IV 

Item 15 

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 

Signatures 

Exhibit 21 

Exhibit 23 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Exhibit 31.1 

Chief Executive Officer Section 302 Certification 

Exhibit 31.2 

Chief Financial Officer Section 302 Certification 

Exhibit 32 

Section 906 Certifications 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.   BUSINESS

PART I

General

Developments relating to individual aspects of the business of BOK Financial Corporation ("BOK Financial" or "the 
Company") are described below. Additional discussion of the Company’s activities during the current year appears within Item 
7 "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

Description of Business

BOK Financial is a financial holding company incorporated in the state of Oklahoma in 1990 whose activities are governed by 
the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 ("BHCA"), as amended by the Financial Services Modernization Act or Gramm-
Leach-Bliley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"). BOK 
Financial offers full service banking in Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Northwest Arkansas, Colorado, Arizona, and Kansas/
Missouri. At December 31, 2017, the Company reported total consolidated assets of $32 billion and ranked as the 56th largest 
bank holding company based on asset size. 

BOKF, NA ("the Bank") is a wholly owned subsidiary bank of BOK Financial. The Bank operates TransFund, Cavanal Hill 
Investment Management, BOK Financial Asset Management, Inc. and seven banking divisions: Bank of Albuquerque, Bank of 
Arizona, Bank of Arkansas, Mobank, Bank of Oklahoma, Bank of Texas and Colorado State Bank and Trust. Other wholly 
owned subsidiaries of BOK Financial include BOK Financial Securities, Inc., a broker/dealer that primarily engages in retail 
and institutional securities sales and municipal bond underwriting and The Milestone Group, Inc., an investment adviser to high 
net worth clients. Other non-bank subsidiary operations do not have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements. 

Our overall strategic objective is to emphasize growth in long-term value by building on our leadership position in Oklahoma 
through expansion into other high-growth markets in contiguous states. We operate primarily in the metropolitan areas of Tulsa 
and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston, Texas; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Denver, Colorado; 
Phoenix, Arizona, and Kansas City, Kansas/Missouri. Our acquisition strategy targets fairly priced quality organizations with 
demonstrated solid growth that would supplement our principal lines of business. We provide additional growth opportunities 
by hiring talent to enhance competitiveness, adding locations and broadening product offerings. Our operating philosophy 
embraces local decision-making in each of our geographic markets while adhering to common Company standards.

Our primary focus is to provide a comprehensive range of nationally competitive financial products and services in a 
personalized and responsive manner. Products and services include loans and deposits, cash management services, fiduciary 
services, mortgage banking and brokerage and trading services to middle-market businesses, financial institutions and 
consumers. Commercial banking represents a significant part of our business. Our credit culture emphasizes building 
relationships by making high quality loans and providing a full range of financial products and services to our customers. We 
offer derivative products that enable mortgage banking customers to manage their production risks and our energy financing 
expertise enables us to offer commodity derivatives for customers to use in their risk management. Our diversified base of 
revenue sources is designed to generate returns in a range of economic situations. Historically, fees and commissions provide 
45% to 48% of our total revenue. Approximately 45% of our revenue came from fees and commissions in 2017.

BOK Financial’s corporate headquarters is located at Bank of Oklahoma Tower, Boston Avenue at Second Street, Tulsa, 
Oklahoma 74172.

The Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and 
amendments to those reports are available on the Company’s website at www.bokf.com as soon as reasonably practicable after 
the Company electronically files such material with or furnishes it to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

1

Operating Segments

BOK Financial operates three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth 
Management. Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management 
products for small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial Banking also includes the 
TransFund electronic funds network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit 
services to small business customers served through the retail branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth 
Management provides fiduciary services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth 
Management also underwrites state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities. Discussion of 
these principal lines of business appears within the Lines of Business section of "Management's Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations". 

Competition

BOK Financial and its operating segments face competition from other banks, thrifts, credit unions and other non-bank 
financial institutions, such as investment banking firms, investment advisory firms, brokerage firms, investment companies, 
financial technology firms, government agencies, mortgage brokers and insurance companies. The Company competes largely 
on the basis of customer services, interest rates on loans and deposits, lending limits and customer convenience. Some 
operating segments face competition from institutions that are not as closely regulated as banks, and therefore are not limited 
by the same capital requirements and other restrictions. All market share information presented below is based upon share of 
deposits in specified areas according to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") as of June 30, 2017.

We are the largest financial institution in the state of Oklahoma with 14% of the state’s total deposits. Bank of Oklahoma has 
30% and 12% of the market share in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City areas, respectively. We compete with two banks that have 
operations nationwide and have greater access to funds at lower costs, higher lending limits, and greater access to technology 
resources. We also compete with regional and locally-owned banks in both the Tulsa and Oklahoma City areas, as well as in 
every other community in which we do business throughout the state.

Bank of Texas competes against numerous financial institutions, including some of the largest in the United States, and has a 
market share of approximately 2% in the Dallas, Fort Worth area and less than 1% in the Houston area. Bank of Albuquerque 
has a 10% market share in the Albuquerque area and competes with four large national banks, some regional banks and several 
locally-owned smaller community banks. Colorado State Bank and Trust has a market share of approximately 2% in the Denver 
area. Bank of Arkansas serves Benton and Washington counties in Arkansas with a market share of approximately 2%. Mobank 
has a market share of approximately 2% in the Kansas City, Missouri/Kansas area. Bank of Arizona operates as a community 
bank with locations in Phoenix, Mesa and Scottsdale with less than 1% market share. The Company’s ability to expand into 
additional states remains subject to various federal and state laws.

Employees

As of December 31, 2017, BOK Financial and its subsidiaries employed 4,930 full-time equivalent employees. None of the 
Company’s employees are represented by collective bargaining agreements. Management considers its employee relations to be 
good.

Supervision and Regulation

BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulations under federal and state laws. Both the scope of the laws 
and regulations and the intensity of the supervision to which our business is subject have increased in recent years. Regulatory 
enforcement and fines have also increased across the banking and financial services sector. Many of these changes have 
occurred as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act and its implementing regulations, most of which are now in place. These regulations 
and others are designed to promote safety and soundness, protect consumers and ensure the stability of the banking system as a 
whole. The purpose of these regulations is not necessarily to protect shareholders and creditors. As detailed below, these 
regulations require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain certain capital balances and require the Company to provide 
financial support to its subsidiaries. These regulations may restrict the Company’s ability to diversify, to acquire other 
institutions and to pay dividends on its capital stock. These regulations also include requirements on certain programs and 
services offered to our customers, including restrictions on fees charged for certain services. President Trump has issued an 
executive order that sets forth principles for reform of the federal financial regulatory framework, and the Republican majority 
in Congress has also suggested an agenda for financial regulatory change. It is too early to assess whether there will be any 
major changes in the regulatory environment or merely a rebalancing of the post financial crisis framework. The Company 
expects that its business will remain subject to extensive regulation and supervision. 

2

The following information summarizes certain existing laws and regulations that affect the Company’s operations. It does not 
summarize all provisions of these laws and regulations and does not include all laws and regulations that affect the Company 
presently or in the future.

General

As a financial holding company, BOK Financial is regulated under the BHCA and is subject to regular inspection, examination 
and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board"). Under the BHCA, 
BOK Financial files quarterly reports and other information with the Federal Reserve Board.

BOKF, NA is organized as a national banking association under the National Banking Act, and is subject to regulation, 
supervision and examination by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"), the FDIC, the Federal Reserve 
Board, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") and other federal and state regulatory agencies. The OCC has 
primary supervisory responsibility for national banks and must approve certain corporate or structural changes, including 
changes in capitalization, payment of dividends, change of place of business, and establishment of a branch or operating 
subsidiary. The OCC performs examinations concerning safety and soundness, the quality of management and directors, 
information technology and compliance with applicable regulations. The National Banking Act authorizes the OCC to examine 
every national bank as often as necessary.

A financial holding company, and the companies under its control, are permitted to engage in activities considered "financial in 
nature" as defined by the BHCA, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and Federal Reserve Board interpretations. Activities that are 
"financial in nature" include securities underwriting and dealing, insurance underwriting, merchant banking, operating a 
mortgage company, performing certain data processing operations, servicing loans and other extensions of credit, providing 
investment and financial advice, owning and operating savings and loan associations, and leasing personal property on a full 
pay-out, non-operating basis. A financial holding company is required to notify the Federal Reserve Board within thirty days of 
engaging in new activities determined to be "financial in nature." BOK Financial is engaged in some of these activities and has 
notified the Federal Reserve Board.

In order for a financial holding company to commence any new activity permitted by the BHCA, each insured depository 
institution subsidiary of the financial holding company must be "well capitalized" and "well managed" and have received a 
rating of at least "satisfactory" in its most recent examination under the Community Reinvestment Act. A financial holding 
company and its depository institution subsidiaries are considered to be "well capitalized" if they meet the requirements 
discussed in the section captioned "Capital Adequacy and Prompt Corrective Action" which follows. A financial holding 
company and its depository institution subsidiaries are considered to be "well managed" if they receive a composite rating and 
management rating of at least "satisfactory" in their most recent examinations. If a financial holding company fails to meet 
these requirements, the Federal Reserve Board may impose limitations or conditions on the conduct of its activities and the 
company may not commence any new financial activities without prior approval.   

The BHCA requires the Federal Reserve Board’s prior approval for the direct or indirect acquisition of more than five percent 
of any class of voting stock of any non-affiliated bank. Under the Federal Bank Merger Act, the prior approval of the OCC is 
required for a national bank to merge with another bank or purchase the assets or assume the deposits of another bank. In 
reviewing applications seeking approval of merger and acquisition transactions, the bank regulatory authorities consider, 
among other things, the competitive effect and public benefits of the transactions, the capital position of the combined 
organization, the applicant’s performance record under the Community Reinvestment Act and fair housing laws and the 
effectiveness of the subject organizations in combating money laundering activities.

A financial holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited under the BHCA from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements 
in connection with the provision of any credit, property or services. Thus, a subsidiary of a financial holding company may not 
extend credit, lease or sell property, furnish any services or fix or vary the consideration for these activities on the condition 
that (1) the customer obtain or provide additional credit, property or services from or to the financial holding company or any 
subsidiary thereof, or (2) the customer may not obtain some other credit, property or services from a competitor, except to the 
extent reasonable conditions are imposed to insure the soundness of credit extended.

The Bank and other non-bank subsidiaries are also subject to other federal and state laws and regulations. For example, BOK 
Financial Securities, Inc. is regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), the Financial Industry Regulatory 
Authority ("FINRA"), the Federal Reserve Board, and state securities regulators. Such regulations generally include licensing 
of certain personnel, customer interactions, and trading operations. 

3

Interchange Fees

The Durbin Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act required that interchange fees on electronic debit transactions paid by 
merchants must be "reasonable and proportional to the cost incurred by the issuer" and prohibited card network rules that have 
limited price competition among networks. Federal Reserve rules applicable to financial institutions that have assets of $10 
billion or more provide that the maximum permissible interchange fee for an electronic debit transaction is the sum of 21 cents 
per transaction and 5 basis points multiplied by the value of the transaction. An upward adjustment of no more than 1 cent to an 
issuer's debit card interchange fee is allowed if the card issuer develops and implements policies and procedures reasonably 
designed to achieve certain fraud prevention standards. The Durbin Amendment also required all banks to comply with the 
prohibition on network exclusivity and routing requirements. Debit card issuers are required to make at least two unaffiliated 
networks available to merchants. 

Volcker and Swap Rules

Title VI of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly known as the Volcker Rule, prohibits the Company from (1) engaging in short-term 
proprietary trading for our own account, and (2) having certain ownership interests in or relationships with private equity or 
hedge funds. The fundamental prohibitions of the Volcker Rule apply to banking entities of any size, including the Company 
and its bank subsidiary. The final Volcker Rule regulations contain exemptions to the statutory prohibitions for market-making, 
hedging, underwriting, trading in U.S. government and agency obligations and also permit certain ownership interests in certain 
types of funds to be retained. They also permit the offering and sponsoring of funds under certain conditions. The final Volcker 
Rule regulations impose compliance and reporting obligations on banking entities and their covered activities. The Company 
has implemented a compliance program required by the Volcker Rule and has either divested or received an extension for 
holdings in certain legacy “illiquid funds.” The Company’s trading activity remains largely unaffected by the Volcker Rule as 
most of our trading activity is exempted or excluded from the proprietary trading prohibitions.

Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly known as the Swap Rule, subjects nearly all derivative transactions to the 
regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") or SEC. This includes registration, recordkeeping, 
reporting, capital, margin and business conduct requirements on swap dealers and major swap participants. The CFTC and 
SEC both approved interim final rules on the definition "swap" and "swap dealer" which were effective October 2012. Under 
CFTC and SEC rules, entities transacting in less than $8 billion in notional value of swaps over any 12 month period during 
the phase-in period are exempt from the definition of and registration as a "swap dealer." In October 2017, the CFTC extended 
the phase-in period termination date by one year from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2019. Barring any further action 
by the CFTC, the $8 billion threshold will be reduced to $3 billion at the end of 2019 when the phase-in period terminates. 
The Company currently estimates that the nature and volume of its swaps activity will not require it to register as a swap 
dealer any time prior to the phase-in period termination date.

Enhanced Prudential Standards

The Dodd-Frank Act directed the Federal Reserve Board to monitor emerging risks to financial institutions and enacted 
enhanced supervision and prudential standards applicable to bank holding companies with consolidated assets of $50 billion 
or more and non-bank covered companies designated as systematically important to the Financial Stability Oversight 
Council (often referred to as systemically important financial institutions). The Dodd-Frank Act mandates that certain 
regulatory requirements applicable to systemically important financial institutions be more stringent than those applicable to 
other financial institutions.  

In February 2014, the Federal Reserve Board adopted rules to implement certain of these enhanced prudential standards. 
Beginning in 2015, the rules required publicly traded bank holding companies with $10 billion or more in total consolidated 
assets to establish risk committees and required bank holding companies with $50 billion or more in total consolidated assets 
to comply with enhanced liquidity and overall risk management standards. The Company has had a separate Risk Committee 
since 2013 and is in compliance with applicable requirements.  

We monitor developments with respect to the enhanced prudential standards because of application to our Company if our 
total consolidated assets reach $50 billion or more. 

4

Consumer Financial Protection

We  are  subject  to  a  number  of  federal  and  state  consumer  protection  laws  that  extensively  govern  our  relationship  with  our 
customers. These laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Truth in Lending Act, the 
Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, 
the Fair Housing Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Service Members 
Civil  Relief Act  and  these  laws’  respective  state-law  counterparts,  as  well  as  state  usury  laws  and  laws  regarding  unfair  and 
deceptive acts and practices. These and other federal laws, among other things, require disclosures of the cost of credit and terms 
of deposit accounts, provide substantive consumer rights, prohibit discrimination in credit transactions, regulate the use of credit 
report information, provide financial privacy protections, prohibit unfair, deceptive and abusive practices, restrict our ability to 
raise interest rates and subject us to substantial regulatory oversight. Violations of applicable consumer protection laws can result 
in significant potential liability from litigation brought by customers, including actual damages, restitution and attorneys’ fees. 
Federal bank regulators, state attorneys general and state and local consumer protection agencies may also seek to enforce consumer 
protection requirements and obtain these and other remedies, including regulatory sanctions, customer rescission rights, action by 
the state and local attorneys general in each jurisdiction in which we operate and civil money penalties. Failure to comply with 
consumer protection requirements may also damage our reputation and result in our failure to obtain any required bank regulatory 
approval for merger or acquisition transactions we may wish to pursue or our prohibition from engaging in such transactions even 
if approval is not required.

The CFPB has broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks, including, among 
other things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices. Abusive acts or practices are defined as 
those that materially interfere with a consumer’s ability to understand a term or condition of a consumer financial product or 
service or take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s (i) lack of financial savvy, (ii) inability to protect himself in the selection 
or use of consumer financial products or services, or (iii) reasonable reliance on a covered entity to act in the consumer’s interests. 
The CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The CFPB may 
also institute a civil action against an entity in violation of federal consumer financial law in order to impose a civil penalty or 
injunction. 

Community Reinvestment Act

The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 ("CRA") requires depository institutions to assist in meeting the credit needs of their 
market areas consistent with safe and sound banking practice. Under the CRA, each depository institution is required to help meet 
the  credit  needs  of  its  market  areas  by,  among  other  things,  providing  credit  to  low-  and  moderate-income  individuals  and 
communities. Depository institutions are periodically examined for compliance with the CRA and are assigned ratings. In order 
for a financial holding company to commence any new activity permitted by the BHC Act, or to acquire any company engaged 
in any new activity permitted by the BHC Act, each insured depository institution subsidiary of the financial holding company 
must have received a rating of at least “satisfactory” in its most recent examination under the CRA. Furthermore, banking regulators 
take into account CRA ratings when considering a request for an approval of a proposed transaction. The Bank received a rating 
of "outstanding" in its most recent CRA examination, which is above "satisfactory."

Financial Privacy

The federal banking regulators adopted rules that limit the ability of banks and other financial institutions to disclose non-
public information about consumers to non-affiliated third parties. These limitations require disclosure of privacy policies to 
consumers and, in some circumstances, allow consumers to prevent disclosure of certain personal information to a non-
affiliated third party. These regulations affect how consumer information is transmitted through diversified financial companies 
and is conveyed to outside parties.

Capital Adequacy and Prompt Corrective Action

The Federal Reserve Board, the OCC and the FDIC have issued substantially similar risk-based and leverage capital guidelines 
applicable to United States banking organizations to ensure capital adequacy based upon the risk levels of assets and off-
balance sheet financial instruments. In addition, these regulatory agencies may from time to time require that a banking 
organization maintain capital above the minimum levels, whether because of its financial condition or actual or anticipated 
growth. Capital adequacy guidelines and prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, 
liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and 
classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators regarding components, risk weighting and other factors.  

5

Federal Reserve Board risk-based guidelines define a four-tier capital framework based on three categories of regulatory 
capital. Common equity Tier 1 capital ("CET1") includes common shareholders' equity, less goodwill, most intangible assets 
and other adjustments. Tier 1 capital consists of CET1 capital plus certain additional capital instruments and related surplus. 
Supplementary capital ("Tier 2") consists of preferred stock not qualifying as Tier 1 capital, qualifying mandatory convertible 
debt securities, limited amounts of subordinated debt, other qualifying term debt and allowances for credit losses, subject to 
limitations. Assets and off-balance sheet exposures are assigned to categories of risk-weights, based primarily upon relative 
credit risk. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated by dividing CET1, Tier 1 and total capital by risk-weighted assets.

New capital rules were effective for banks and bank holding companies, including BOK Financial on January 1, 2015 as part of 
a package of regulatory reforms developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ("BCBS") to strengthen the 
regulation, supervision and risk management of the banking sector, commonly referred to as the Basel III framework. 
Components of these rules will phase in through January 1, 2019, with certain exceptions. The new capital rules established a 
7% threshold for the common equity Tier 1 ratio consisting of a minimum level plus a capital conservation buffer. The rules 
also changed both the Tier 1 risk based capital requirements and the total risk based requirements to a minimum of 6% and 8%, 
respectively, plus a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% totaling 8.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The Company elected to exclude 
unrealized gains and losses from available for sale securities from its calculation of Tier 1 capital, consistent with the treatment 
under previous capital rules.

The leverage ratio is determined by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted average total assets. Banking organizations are required 
to maintain a ratio of at least 4%. A bank which falls below these levels, including the capital conservation buffer, would be 
subject to regulatory restrictions on capital distributions (including but not limited to dividends and share repurchases) and 
executive bonus payments. 

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (the "FDICIA"), among other things, identifies five 
capital categories for insured depository institutions from well capitalized to critically under-capitalized and requires the 
respective federal regulatory agencies to implement systems for prompt corrective action for institutions failing to meet 
minimum capital requirements within such categories. FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive covenants on operations, 
management and capital distributions, depending upon the category in which an institution is classified. The various regulatory 
agencies have adopted substantially similar regulations that define the five capital categories identified by FDICIA, using the 
total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and leverage capital ratios as the relevant capital measures. Such regulations 
establish various degrees of corrective action to be taken when an institution is considered under-capitalized.

Liquidity Requirements

The Basel III framework also requires bank holding companies and banks to measure their liquidity against specific liquidity 
tests. One test, referred to as the liquidity coverage ratio, is designed to ensure that the banking entity maintains a prescribed 
minimum level of unencumbered high-quality liquid assets equal to expected net cash outflows as defined. The other test, 
referred to as the net stable funding ratio, is designed to promote greater reliance on medium and long term funding sources.

On September 3, 2014, U.S. federal banking agencies published the final rule covering Liquidity Risk Management Standards 
that would standardize minimum liquidity requirements for internationally active banking organizations as defined (generally 
those with total consolidated assets in excess of $250 billion) as well as modified liquidity requirements for other banking 
organizations with total consolidated assets in excess of $50 billion that are not internationally active. Although the final rule 
does not apply to banking organizations with total assets less than $50 billion, including the Company, if growth in the balance 
sheet of the Company were to approach the $50 billion threshold, the costs of such liquidity regulations would begin to be 
realized. 

Stress Testing 

As required by the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve published regulations that require bank holding companies with $10 
billion to $50 billion in assets to perform annual capital stress tests. The requirements for annual capital stress testing became 
effective for the Company in the fourth quarter of 2013. The Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test ("DFAST") is a forward-looking 
exercise under which the Company and its banking subsidiary estimate the impact of a hypothetical severely adverse 
macroeconomic scenario provided by the Federal Reserve and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency on its financial 
condition and regulatory capital ratios over a nine-quarter time horizon. Under the scenario provided by the regulatory agencies 
for the Company's most recently completed stress test, all capital ratio measures remain above the minimum regulatory 
thresholds. Additional information concerning the annual stress test may be found on the Company's Investor Relations page at 
www.bokf.com under the "Presentations" tab. The results of future capital stress tests may place constraints on capital 
distributions or increases in required regulatory capital under certain circumstances.

6

Further discussion of regulatory capital, including regulatory capital amounts and ratios, is set forth under the heading 
"Liquidity and Capital" within "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and 
in Note 15 of the Company's Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, both of which appear elsewhere herein.    

Executive and Incentive Compensation

Guidelines adopted by federal banking agencies prohibit excessive compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and 
describe compensation as excessive when the amounts paid are unreasonable or disproportionate to the services performed by 
an executive officer, employee, director or principal shareholder. The Federal Reserve Board has issued comprehensive 
guidance on incentive compensation intended to ensure that the incentive compensation policies do not undermine safety and 
soundness by encouraging excessive risk taking. This guidance covers all employees that have the ability to materially affect 
the risk profile of an organization, either individually or as part of a group, based on key principles that (i) incentives do not 
encourage risk-taking beyond the organization's ability to identify and manage risk, (ii) compensation arrangements are 
compatible with effective internal controls and risk management, and (iii) compensation arrangements are supported by strong 
corporate governance, including active and effective board oversight. Deficiencies in compensation practices may affect 
supervisory ratings and enforcement actions may be taken if incentive compensation arrangements pose a risk to safety and 
soundness.  

Deposit Insurance

Substantially all of the deposits held by the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund ("DIF") of 
the FDIC and are subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the DIF. In 2011, the FDIC released a final rule to 
implement provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that affect deposit insurance assessments. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank 
Act raised the minimum designated reserve ratio from 1.15% to 1.35% of estimated insured deposits, removed the upper limit 
of the designated reserve ratio, required that the designated reserve ratio reach 1.35% by September 30, 2020, and required that 
the FDIC offset the effect of increasing the minimum designated reserve ratio on depository institutions with total assets of less 
than $10 billion. The Dodd-Frank Act provided the FDIC flexibility in implementation of the increase in the designated reserve 
ratio, but it will ultimately result in increased deposit insurance costs to the Company. The Dodd-Frank Act also required that 
the FDIC redefine the assessment base to average consolidated assets minus average tangible equity. 

On June 30, 2016, the DIF rose above the 1.15%, resulting in a reduction of the initial assessment rate for all banks and 
implementing a 4.5% surcharge on insured depository institutions with total consolidated assets of $10 billion or more. The 
assessment base for the surcharge will be the regular assessment base reduced by $10 billion. If the DIF reserve ratio does not 
reach 1.35% by December 31, 2018, the FDIC will impose a shortfall assessment on banks with total consolidated assets of $10 
billion or more in the first quarter of 2019.

Dividends

A key source of liquidity for BOK Financial is dividends from BOKF, NA, which is limited by various banking regulations to 
net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the preceding two years. Dividends are further restricted by 
minimum capital requirements and the Company's internal capital policy. BOKF, NA's dividend limitations are discussed under 
the heading "Liquidity and Capital" within "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations."

Source of Strength Doctrine

According to Federal Reserve Board policy, a bank holding company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to each 
subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support each such subsidiary. This support may be required at times when a bank 
holding company may not be able to provide such support. 

Transactions with Affiliates

The Federal Reserve Board regulates transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries. Generally, the Federal Reserve 
Act and Regulation W, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Act, limit the Company’s banking subsidiary and its subsidiaries, to 
lending and other "covered transactions" with affiliates. The aggregate amount of covered transactions a banking subsidiary or 
its subsidiaries may enter into with an affiliate may not exceed 10% of the capital stock and surplus of the banking subsidiary. 
The aggregate amount of covered transactions with all affiliates may not exceed 20% of the capital stock and surplus of the 
banking subsidiary.

7

 
Covered transactions with affiliates are also subject to collateral requirements and must be conducted on arm’s length 
terms. Covered transactions include (a) a loan or extension of credit by the banking subsidiary, including derivative contracts, 
(b) a purchase of securities issued to a banking subsidiary, (c) a purchase of assets by the banking subsidiary unless otherwise 
exempted by the Federal Reserve, (d) acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate to the banking subsidiary as collateral for a 
loan, and (e) the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit by the banking subsidiary on behalf of an affiliate. 

Bank Secrecy Act and USA PATRIOT Act

The Bank Secrecy Act ("BSA") and The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 ("PATRIOT Act") imposes many requirements on 
financial institutions in the interest of national security and law enforcement. BSA requires banks to maintain records and file 
suspicious activity reports that are of use to law enforcement and regulators in combating money laundering and other financial 
crimes. The PATRIOT Act is intended to deny terrorists and criminals the ability to access the U.S. financial services system 
and places significantly greater requirements on financial institutions. Financial institutions, such as the Company and its 
subsidiaries, must have a designated BSA Officer, internal controls, independent testing and training programs commensurate 
with their size and risk profile. As part of its internal control program, a financial institution is expected to have effective 
customer due diligence and enhanced due diligence requirements for high-risk customers, as well as processes to prohibit 
transactions with entities subject to Office of Foreign Asset Control sanctions. Documentation and recordkeeping requirements, 
as well as system requirements, aimed at identifying and reporting suspicious activity reporting, must increase with the 
institution's size and complexity. Failure to implement or maintain adequate programs and controls to combat terrorist financing 
and money laundering may have serious legal, financial, and reputational consequences.

Governmental Policies and Economic Factors

The operations of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are affected by legislative changes and by the policies of various 
regulatory authorities and, in particular, the policies of the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board has statutory 
objectives to maximize employment and maintain price stability. Among the instruments of monetary policy used by the 
Federal Reserve Board to implement these objectives are: open-market operations in U.S. Government securities, changes in 
the discount rate and federal funds rate on bank borrowings, and changes in reserve requirements on bank deposits. The effect 
of future changes in such policies on the business and earnings of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries is uncertain.

In response to the significant recession in business activity which began in 2007, the Federal Reserve took aggressive actions to 
reduce interest rates and provide liquidity. While many of the crisis-related programs have expired or been closed, government 
legislation and policies continue to be accommodative, including increases in government spending, reduction of certain taxes 
and promotion of affordable home programs. 

The Federal Reserve completed its bond purchase program designed to reduce longer–term rates in October of 2014 and has 
continued to maintain an accommodative policy of reinvesting principal payments from its holdings of agency debt and agency 
mortgage–backed securities and rolling over maturing Treasury securities. The Federal Reserve announced that, beginning in 
October of 2017, it would initiate a balance sheet normalization program that will gradually reduce the the reinvestment of 
principal payments from its securities holdings.

As a result of signs of an improving economy, the Federal Reserve increased its target rate by 25 basis points three times during 
2017, after an initial 25 basis point increase in December of 2016, the second such increase since the end of 2008. Real gross 
domestic product is forecasted to increase at a solid pace during 2018, including consideration of the expected impact of tax 
reform. The inflation rate is expected to be close to the Federal Reserve's target of 2%. We expect a continuation of gradual 
increases in short term interest rates during 2018 and 2019, as the Federal Reserve has indicated a process of normalization 
while promoting sustainable expansion and a rise of inflation to about 2%. The short–term effectiveness and long–term impact 
of these programs on the economy in general and on BOK Financial in particular are uncertain.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("the Tax Reform Act"), signed into law on December 22, 2017, will have a broad impact on the 
Company and our customers. We believe that the overall impact of lower income tax rates and other provisions of the Tax 
Reform Act will be beneficial to future economic growth.

BOK Financial does not engage in operations in foreign countries, nor does it lend to foreign governments.

Foreign Operations

8

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS

BOK Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries could be adversely affected by risks and uncertainties that could have a 
material impact on its financial condition and results of operations, as well as on its common stock and other financial 
instruments. Risk factors which are significant to the Company include, but are not limited to:

General and Regulatory Risk Factors

Adverse factors could impact BOK Financial's ability to implement its operating strategy.

Although BOK Financial has developed an operating strategy, which it expects to result in continuing improved financial 
performance, BOK Financial cannot ensure that it will be successful in fulfilling this strategy or that this operating strategy will 
be successful. Achieving success is dependent upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond BOK Financial's direct 
control. Factors that may adversely affect BOK Financial's ability to implement its operating strategy include:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

deterioration of BOK Financial's asset quality;
deterioration in general economic conditions, especially in BOK Financial's core markets;
inability to control BOK Financial's non-interest expenses;
inability to increase non-interest income;
inability to access capital;
decreases in net interest margins;
increases in competition;
adverse regulatory developments.

Substantial competition could adversely affect BOK Financial.

Banking is a competitive business. BOK Financial competes actively for loan, deposit and other financial services business in 
the southwest region of the United States. BOK Financial's competitors include a large number of small and large local and 
national banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, trust companies, broker-dealers and underwriters, as well as many 
financial and non-financial firms that offer services similar to those of BOK Financial. Large national financial institutions 
have substantial capital, technology and marketing resources. Such large financial institutions may have greater access to 
capital at a lower cost than BOK Financial does, which may adversely affect BOK Financial's ability to compete effectively.

BOK Financial has expanded into markets outside of Oklahoma, where it competes with a large number of financial institutions 
that have an established customer base and greater market share than BOK Financial. With respect to some of its services, BOK 
Financial competes with non-bank companies that are not subject to regulation. The absence of regulatory requirements may 
give non-banks a competitive advantage.

The increasingly competitive environment is in part a result of changes in regulation, changes in technology and product 
delivery systems and the accelerating pace of consolidation among financial service providers. Our success depends on our 
ability to respond to the threats and opportunities of financial technology innovations. Developments in "fintech" and crypto-
currencies have the potential to disrupt the financial industry and change the way banks do business. Investment in new 
technology to stay competitive could result in significant costs and increased cybersecurity risk. Our success depends on our 
ability to adapt to the pace of the rapidly changing technological environment which is important to retention and acquisitions 
of customers.  

Government regulations could adversely affect BOK Financial.

BOK Financial and BOKF, NA are subject to banking laws and regulations that limit the type of acquisitions and investments 
that we may make. In addition, certain permitted acquisitions and investments are subject to prior review and approval by 
banking regulators, including the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC. Banking regulators have broad discretion on whether to 
approve proposed acquisitions and investments. In deciding whether to approve a proposed acquisition, federal banking 
regulators will consider, among other things, the effect of the acquisition on competition; the convenience and needs of the 
communities to be served, including our record of compliance under the Community Reinvestment Act; and our effectiveness 
in combating money laundering. They will also consider our financial condition and our future prospects, including projected 
capital ratios and levels; the competence, experience, and integrity of our management; and our record of compliance with laws 
and regulations. 

9

 
The last several years have seen an increase in regulatory costs borne by the banking industry. Laws, regulations or policies 
currently affecting BOK Financial and its subsidiaries may change. The implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act has and will 
continue to affect BOK Financial’s businesses, including interchange revenue, mortgage banking, derivative and trading 
activities on behalf of customers, consumer products and funds management. 

Regulatory authorities may change their interpretation of these statutes and regulations, including the OCC, our primary 
regulator, and the CFPB, our regulator for certain designated consumer laws and regulations. Violations of laws and 
regulations could limit the growth potential of BOK Financial's businesses. We have made extensive investments in human 
and technological resources to address enhanced regulatory expectations, including investments in the areas of risk 
management, compliance, and capital planning. Political developments, including the change in administration in the United 
States, have added additional uncertainty to the implementation, scope and timing of changes in the regulatory environment 
for the banking industry and for the broader economy. 

The Tax Reform Act was signed into law on December 22, 2017. Key provisions that will impact domestic banks include 
lowering of the corporate tax rate to 21%, full expensing of qualified assets purchased and placed in service after September 
27, 2017, elimination of net operating loss carry-backs, and limitations on the deductibility of FDIC insurance and 
compensation expense for certain executive officers. Many provisions of the Tax Reform Act may also impact our customers, 
including limitations on deductions by businesses for net interest expense and by individuals for interest on mortgage loans in 
excess of $750,000 and elimination of deduction of interest on certain home equity loans. BOKF believes that the overall 
impact of the Tax Reform Act should benefit our customers. However, certain provisions could have an adverse impact on our 
customers and BOKF’s products, services and revenue.   

Political environment could negatively impact BOK Financial’s business.

As a result of the financial crisis and related government intervention to stabilize the banking system, there have been a series 
of laws and related regulations proposed or enacted in an attempt to ensure the crisis is not repeated. Many of the new 
regulations have been far-reaching. The intervention by the government also impacted populist sentiment with a negative view 
of financial institutions. High profile mistakes by the very largest banks in the country have continued to fuel negative 
sentiment towards the banking industry. This sentiment may increase litigation risk to the Company or have an adverse impact 
on BOK Financial’s future operations. Recent legislative proposals could slow the rate of future increases in regulatory burden 
for BOK Financial. However, legislative outcomes and their durability are inherently uncertain. 

Credit Risk Factors

Adverse regional economic developments could negatively affect BOK Financial's business.

At December 31, 2017, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas represented approximately 
34% of the total loan portfolio and loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma 
represented approximately 19% of our total loan portfolio. These geographic concentrations subject the loan portfolio to the 
general economic conditions within these areas. Poor economic conditions in Oklahoma, Texas or other markets in the 
southwest region may cause BOK Financial to incur losses associated with higher default rates and decreased collateral values 
in BOK Financial's loan portfolio. A regional economic downturn could also adversely affect revenue from brokerage and 
trading activities, mortgage loan originations and other sources of fee-based revenue.

Extended oil and gas commodity price downturns could negatively affect BOK Financial customers.

At December 31, 2017, 17% of BOK Financial's total loan portfolio is comprised of loans to borrowers in the energy industry. 
The energy industry is historically cyclical and prolonged periods of low oil and gas commodity prices could negatively impact 
borrowers' ability to pay. In addition, the Company does business in several major oil and natural gas producing states 
including Oklahoma, Texas and Colorado. The economies of these states could be negatively impacted by prolonged periods of 
low oil and gas commodity prices resulting in increased credit migration to classified and nonaccruing categories, higher loan 
loss provisions and risk of credit losses from both energy borrowers and businesses and individuals in those regional 
economies.

10

Other adverse economic factors affecting particular industries could have a negative effect on BOK Financial customers 
and their ability to make payments to BOK Financial.

Certain industry-specific economic factors also affect BOK Financial. For example, BOK Financial's loan portfolio includes 
commercial real estate loans. A downturn in the real estate industry in general or in certain segments of the commercial real 
estate industry in the southwest region could also have an adverse effect on BOK Financial's operations. Regulatory changes in 
healthcare may negatively affect our customers, which to date primarily has been focused in senior housing. A U.S. House 
proposal that provides states more flexibility in using Medicare/Medicaid funds may reduce healthcare reimbursement rates.

Adverse global economic factors could have a negative effect on BOK Financial customers and counterparties.

Economic conditions globally, including those of the European Union and China, could impact BOK Financial’s customers and 
counterparties with which we do business. We have no direct exposure to European sovereign debt and our aggregate gross 
exposure to European financial institutions totaled $2.9 million at December 31, 2017. Our exposure to Chinese financial 
institutions is limited. In addition, we have an aggregate gross exposure to internationally active domestic financial institutions 
of approximately $226 million at December 31, 2017 composed of $217 million of cash and securities positions and $9.8 
million of gross derivative positions. The financial condition of these institutions is monitored on an on-going basis. We have 
not identified any significant customer exposures to European sovereign debt, European financial institutions or Chinese 
financial institutions.

Liquidity and Interest Rate Risk Factors

Fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect BOK Financial's business.

BOK Financial's business is highly sensitive to:

• 

• 
• 

the monetary policies implemented by the Federal Reserve Board, including the discount rate on bank borrowings and 
changes in reserve requirements, which affect BOK Financial's ability to make loans and the interest rates we may 
charge;
changes in prevailing interest rates, due to the dependency of the the Bank on interest income;
open market operations in U.S. Government securities.

A significant increase in market interest rates, or the perception that an increase may occur, could adversely affect both BOK 
Financial's ability to originate new loans and BOK Financial's ability to grow. Conversely, a decrease in interest rates could 
result in acceleration in the payment of loans, including loans underlying BOK Financial's holdings of residential mortgage-
backed securities and termination of BOK Financial's mortgage servicing rights. In addition, changes in market interest rates, 
changes in the relationships between short-term and long-term market interest rates or changes in the relationships between 
different interest rate indices, could affect the interest rates charged on interest-earning assets differently than the interest rates 
paid on interest-bearing liabilities. This difference could result in an increase in interest expense relative to interest income, 
which would reduce the Company’s net interest revenue. In a rising interest rate environment, the composition of the deposit 
portfolio could shift resulting in a mix that is more sensitive to changes in interest rates than is the current mix. An increase in 
market interest rates also could adversely affect the ability of BOK Financial's floating-rate borrowers to meet their higher 
payment obligations. If this occurred, it could cause an increase in nonperforming assets and net charge-offs, which could 
adversely affect BOK Financial's business.

We have a significant number of loans, derivative contracts, borrowings and other financial instruments with attributes that are 
either directly or indirectly dependent on LIBOR. In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority announced that LIBOR is to 
be transitioned to alternative rates during the next four years. U.S. regulatory authorities have voiced similar support for 
phasing out LIBOR. The impact of alternatives to LIBOR on the valuations, pricing and operation of our financial instruments 
is not yet known. 

11

Changes in mortgage interest rates could adversely affect mortgage banking operations as well as BOK Financial's 
substantial holdings of residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgage servicing rights, and brokerage and trading 
revenue. 

Our available for sale residential mortgage-backed security portfolio represents investment interests in pools of residential 
mortgages, composing $5.4 billion or 17% of total assets of the Company at December 31, 2017. The fair value of residential 
mortgage-backed securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates. BOK Financial mitigates this risk somewhat by 
investing principally in shorter duration mortgage products, which are less sensitive to changes in interest rates. A significant 
decrease in interest rates may lead mortgage holders to refinance the mortgages constituting the pool backing the securities, 
subjecting BOK Financial to a risk of prepayment and decreased return on investment due to subsequent reinvestment at lower 
interest rates. A significant decrease in interest rates may also accelerate premium amortization. Conversely, a significant 
increase in interest rates may cause mortgage holders to extend the term over which they repay their loans, which delays the 
Company’s opportunity to reinvest funds at higher rates.

Residential mortgage-backed securities are also subject to credit risk from delinquency or default of the underlying loans. BOK 
Financial mitigates this risk somewhat by investing in securities issued by U.S. government agencies. Principal and interest 
payments on the loans underlying these securities are guaranteed by these agencies.

BOK Financial derives a substantial amount of revenue from mortgage loan activities, including $38 million from the 
production and sale of mortgage loans, $66 million from the servicing of mortgage loans, $12 million from the trading of U.S. 
agency residential mortgage backed securities and related financial instruments and $35 million from sales of financial 
instruments to other mortgage lenders in 2017. 

In addition, as part of BOK Financial's mortgage banking business, BOK Financial has substantial holdings of mortgage 
servicing rights, totaling $253 million or 0.78% of total assets at December 31, 2017. The fair value of these rights is also very 
sensitive to changes in interest rates. Falling interest rates tend to increase loan prepayments, which may lead to a decrease in 
the value of related servicing rights. BOK Financial attempts to manage this risk by maintaining an active hedging program for 
its mortgage servicing rights. The Company's hedging program focuses on partially hedging the risk of changes in fair value, 
primarily related to changes mortgage interest rates. Other factors, such as short-term interest rates, which also impact the value 
of mortgage servicing rights, may not be hedged. The value of mortgage servicing rights may also decrease due to rising 
delinquency or default of the loans serviced, which are not hedged. This risk is mitigated somewhat by adherence to 
underwriting standards on loans originated for sale.

Fees and commissions revenue, as well our substantial holdings of residential mortgage backed securities and mortgage 
servicing rights may be adversely affected by changes in government policies and programs.

Market disruptions could impact BOK Financial’s funding sources.

BOK Financial’s subsidiary bank may rely on other financial institutions and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka as a 
significant source of funds. Our ability to fund loans, manage our interest rate risk and meet other obligations depends on funds 
borrowed from these sources. The inability to borrow funds at market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our 
operations.

Operating Risk Factors

Dependence on technology increases cybersecurity risk.

As a financial institution, we process a significant number of customer transactions and possess a significant amount of 
sensitive customer information. As technology advances, the ability to initiate transactions and access data has become more 
widely distributed among mobile phones, personal computers, automated teller machines, remote deposit capture sites and 
similar access points. These technological advances increase cybersecurity risk. While the Company maintains programs 
intended to prevent or limit the effects of cybersecurity risk, there is no assurance that unauthorized transactions or 
unauthorized access to customer information will not occur. The financial, reputational and regulatory impact of unauthorized 
transactions or unauthorized access to customer information could be significant.

12

We depend on third parties for critical components of our infrastructure.

We outsource a significant portion of our information systems, communications, data management and transaction processing 
to third parties. These third parties are sources of risk associated with operational errors, system interruptions or breaches, 
unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and misuse of intellectual property. If the service providers encounter any 
of these issues, we could be exposed to disruption of service, reputation damages, and litigation risk that could be material to 
our business. 

Risks Related to an Investment in Our Stock

Although publicly traded, BOK Financial's common stock has substantially less liquidity than the average trading market 
for a stock quoted on the NASDAQ National Market System.

A relatively small fraction of BOK Financial's outstanding common stock is actively traded. The risks of low liquidity include 
increased volatility of the price of BOK Financial's common stock. Low liquidity may also limit holders of BOK Financial's 
common stock in their ability to sell or transfer BOK Financial's shares at the price, time and quantity desired.

BOK Financial's principal shareholder controls a majority of BOK Financial's common stock.

Mr. George B. Kaiser owns approximately 60% of the outstanding shares of BOK Financial's common stock at December 31, 
2017. Mr. Kaiser is able to elect all of BOK Financial's directors and effectively control the vote on all matters submitted to a 
vote of BOK Financial's common shareholders. Mr. Kaiser's ability to prevent an unsolicited bid for BOK Financial or any 
other change in control could have an adverse effect on the market price for BOK Financial's common stock. A substantial 
majority of BOK Financial's directors are not officers or employees of BOK Financial or any of its affiliates. However, because 
of Mr. Kaiser's control over the election of BOK Financial's directors, he could change the composition of BOK Financial's 
Board of Directors so that it would not have a majority of outside directors.

Possible future sales of shares by BOK Financial's principal shareholder could adversely affect the market price of BOK 
Financial's common stock.

Mr. Kaiser has the right to sell shares of BOK Financial's common stock in compliance with the federal securities laws at any 
time, or from time to time. The federal securities laws will be the only restrictions on Mr. Kaiser's ability to sell. Because of his 
current control of BOK Financial, Mr. Kaiser could sell large amounts of his shares of BOK Financial's common stock by 
causing BOK Financial to file a registration statement that would allow him to sell shares more easily. In addition, Mr. Kaiser 
could sell his shares of BOK Financial's common stock without registration under Rule 144 of the Securities Act. Although 
BOK Financial can make no predictions as to the effect, if any, that such sales would have on the market price of BOK 
Financial's common stock, sales of substantial amounts of BOK Financial's common stock, or the perception that such sales 
could occur, could adversely affect market prices. If Mr. Kaiser sells or transfers his shares of BOK Financial's common stock 
as a block, another person or entity could become BOK Financial's controlling shareholder.

Statutory restrictions on subsidiary dividends and other distributions and debts of BOK Financial's subsidiaries could limit 
amounts BOK Financial's subsidiaries may pay to BOK Financial.

A substantial portion of BOK Financial's cash flow typically comes from dividends paid by BOKF, NA. Statutory provisions 
and regulations restrict the amount of dividends BOKF, NA may pay to BOK Financial without regulatory approval. 
Management also developed, and the BOK Financial board of directors approved, an internal capital policy that is more 
restrictive than the regulatory capital standards. In the event of liquidation, creditors of the Bank and other non-bank 
subsidiaries of BOK Financial are entitled to receive distributions from the assets of that subsidiary before BOK Financial, as 
holder of an equity interest in the subsidiaries, is entitled to receive any distributions. 

13

ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES

BOK Financial and its subsidiaries own and lease improved real estate that is carried at $184 million, net of depreciation and 
amortization. The Company’s principal offices are located in leased premises in the Bank of Oklahoma Tower in Tulsa, 
Oklahoma. Banking offices are primarily located in Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston, 
Texas; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Denver, Colorado; Phoenix, Arizona; and Kansas City, Kansas/Missouri. Primary 
operations facilities are located in Tulsa and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Dallas, Texas and Albuquerque, New Mexico. The 
Company’s facilities are suitable for their respective uses and present needs.

The information set forth in Notes 5 and 14 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which appear 
elsewhere herein, provides further discussion related to properties.

ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information set forth in Note 14 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which appear elsewhere 
herein, provides discussion related to legal proceedings.

ITEM 4.   MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

14

 
 
PART II

ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

BOK Financial’s $0.00006 par value common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol BOKF. As of 
January 31, 2018, common shareholders of record numbered 699 with 65,550,406 shares outstanding.

The highest and lowest quarterly closing bid price for shares and cash dividends declared per share of BOK Financial common 
stock follows:

2017:

Low

High

Cash dividends declared

2016:

Low

High

Cash dividends declared

First

Second

Third

Fourth

$

75.15

$

74.34

$

77.30

$

84.81

0.44

85.83

0.44

89.08

0.44

$

44.72

$

51.36

$

58.49

$

58.60

0.43

64.61

0.43

69.31

0.43

82.30

93.50

0.45

67.72

84.13

0.44

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Return Performance Graph

Set forth below is a line graph comparing the change in cumulative shareholder return of the NASDAQ Composite Index, the 
KBW NASDAQ Bank Index and the SNL U.S. Bank NASDAQ Index for the period commencing December 31, 2012 and 
ending December 31, 2017.*

Index
BOK Financial Corporation
NASDAQ Composite
SNL U.S. Bank NASDAQ
KBW NASDAQ Bank Index

Period Ending December 31,

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00

124.80
140.12
143.73
137.75

115.80
160.78
148.86
150.65

118.37
171.97
160.70
151.39

169.16
187.22
222.81
194.56

192.20
242.71
234.58
230.73

*  Graph assumes value of an investment in the Company's Common Stock for each index was $100 on December 31, 2012. Cash dividends 

on Common Stock are assumed to have been reinvested in BOK Financial Common Stock.

16

 
 
The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated 
purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of the Company’s common stock 
during the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Period

October 1, 2017 to October 31, 2017

November 1, 2017 to November 30, 2017

December 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017

Total 
Number of 
Shares 
Purchased 
as Part of 
Publicly 
Announced 
Plans or 
Programs 1
—

—

80,000

Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Plans

2,120,757

2,120,757

2,040,757

Total 
Number of 
Shares 
Purchased 2

Average 
Price Paid 
per Share

— $

— $

—

—

80,000

$

92.54

Total
1  On October 1, 2015, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to five million shares of the Company's 
common stock. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had repurchased 2,959,243 shares under this plan. Future repurchases of the 
Company's common stock will vary based on market conditions, regulatory limitations and other factors. 

80,000

80,000

2  The Company may repurchase shares from employees to cover the exercise price and taxes in connection with employee shared-based 

compensation.

17

 
 
 
 
ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected financial data is set forth within Table 1 of Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations.”

ITEM 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Table 1 -- Consolidated Selected Financial Data

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Selected Financial Data

For the year:

Interest revenue

Interest expense

Net interest revenue

Provision for credit losses

Fees and commissions revenue

Net income attributable to BOK Financial

Corporation shareholders

Period-end:

Loans

Assets

Deposits

Shareholders’ equity
Nonperforming assets1

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

$

972,751

$

829,117

$

766,828

$

732,239

$

745,371

131,050

841,701

(7,000)

683,444

81,889

747,228

65,000

686,748

63,474

703,354

34,000

650,646

67,045

665,194

—

621,319

70,894

674,477

(27,900)

603,844

334,644

232,668

288,565

292,435

316,609

17,153,424

16,989,660

15,941,154

14,208,037

32,272,160

32,772,281

31,476,128

29,089,698

22,061,305

22,748,095

21,088,158

21,140,859

3,495,367

3,274,854

3,230,556

3,302,179

290,305

356,641

251,908

256,617

12,792,264

27,015,432

20,269,327

3,020,049

247,743

Profitability Statistics

Earnings per share (based on average equivalent

shares):

Basic

Diluted

Percentages (based on daily averages):

Return on average assets

Return on average shareholders' equity

Average total equity to average assets

Common Stock Performance

Per Share:

Book value per common share

Market price: December 31 close

Market range – High close bid price

Market range – Low close bid price

Cash dividends declared

Dividend payout ratio

$

$

$

5.11

5.11

$

3.53

3.53

$

4.22

4.21

$

4.23

4.22

4.61

4.59

1.02%

9.82%

10.43%

0.72%

7.02%

10.38%

0.94%

8.65%

11.03%

1.04%

9.21%

11.47%

1.16%

10.64%

11.00%

$

53.45

92.32

93.50

74.34

1.77

$

50.12

83.04

84.13

44.72

1.73

$

49.03

59.79

72.44

53.37

1.69

$

47.78

60.04

70.18

57.87

1.62

43.88

66.32

69.36

55.05

1.54

34.45%

48.81%

40.03%

38.35%

33.43%

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 1 -- Consolidated Selected Financial Data

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Selected Balance Sheet Statistics

Period-end:

Common equity Tier 1 ratio2
Tier 1 capital ratio2
Total capital ratio2
Leverage ratio2
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccruing loans4
Allowance for loan losses to loans
Combined allowances for credit losses to loans 3

Miscellaneous (at December 31)

Number of employees (full-time equivalent)

Number of TransFund locations

Fiduciary assets

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

12.05%

12.05%

13.54%

9.31%

11.21%

11.21%

12.81%

8.72%

12.13%

12.13%

13.30%

9.25%

N/A

13.33%

14.66%

9.96%

N/A

13.77%

15.56%

10.05%

129.09%

112.33%

180.09%

245.34%

184.71%

1.34%

1.37%

4,930

2,223

1.45%

1.52%

4,884

2,021

1.41%

1.43%

4,789

1,972

1.33%

1.34%

4,743

2,080

1.45%

1.47%

4,632

1,998

$ 48,761,477

$42,378,053

$38,333,638

$35,997,877

$ 30,137,092

Mortgage loans serviced for others

22,046,632

21,997,568

19,678,226

16,162,887

13,718,942

1  Includes nonaccruing loans, renegotiated loans and assets acquired in satisfaction of loans. Excludes loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing.
2  Risk-based capital ratios for 2017, 2016 and 2015 calculated under revised regulatory capital rules issued July 2013 and effective for the Company on 

January 1, 2015. Previous risk-based ratios presented are calculated in accordance with then current regulatory capital rules. 

3  Includes allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk.
4  Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

Management’s Assessment of Operations and Financial Condition

Overview

The following discussion is management’s analysis to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the financial condition and 
results of operations of BOK Financial Corporation ("BOK Financial" or "the Company"). This discussion should be read in 
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes and selected financial data presented elsewhere in this 
report.

For 2017, the U.S. economy continued to grow, supported by declining unemployment, continued payroll growth and modest 
inflation. The national unemployment rate fell to a 17-year low at 4.1% in December of 2017. Inflation also remained below 
2% for 2017. The minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") of the Federal Reserve for December indicated 
continued strengthening of labor market conditions, real gross domestic product rising at a solid pace in the second half of 2017 
and unchanged longer-run inflation expectations. Investment returns remained strong for 2017, with the S&P 500 index up 19% 
for the year. This represents the 9th year in a row of positive returns for the S&P 500 index. 

The Federal Reserve increased the target range for the federal funds rate by 25 basis points three different times during 2017. 
The 10-year U.S. Treasury note finished the year yielding 2.40%. We expect rates to continue to rise during 2018. Global 
quantitative easing and lack of inflation, combined with continued gradual federal funds rate increases by the Federal Reserve 
are contributing to a flattening of the yield curve. Higher long-term interest rates are likely in 2018. 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Reform Act was signed into law, lowering tax rates on corporations, pass-through entities, 
individuals and estates. We believe that the passage of tax reform will be beneficial to economic growth across our footprint by 
providing certainty for our customers to base their investment and borrowing decisions. 

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Summary

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2017 totaled $334.6 million or $5.11 per diluted share compared with net income 
of $232.7 million or $3.53 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2016. 

The Tax Reform Act resulted in an $11.7 million or $0.18 per share reduction of net income in the fourth quarter of 2017. A 
decrease in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% required us to revalue our deferred tax assets and liabilities. 
Provisions of the Tax Reform Act also limit the deductibility of certain other expenses. 

Highlights of 2017 included:

•  Net interest revenue totaled $841.7 million for 2017, up from $747.2 million for 2016. The increase in net interest revenue 
was driven by both widening spreads and growth in average assets. Net interest margin was 2.92% for 2017 compared 
to 2.66% for 2016. Average earning assets were $29.6 billion for 2017, up $646 million over 2016.

• 

Fees and commissions revenue was $683.4 million for 2017, largely unchanged compared to 2016. Fiduciary and asset 
management revenue grew by $27.4 million driven by growth in assets under management, improved pricing discipline 
and decreased fee waivers. Mortgage banking revenue decreased $29.2 million. Production volumes decreased primarily  
due to higher mortgage interest rates and the Company's strategic decision to exit the correspondent lending channel. 
This impact was partially offset by improved gain on sale margins. Brokerage and trading revenue decreased $6.8 million, 
primarily due to decreases in customer hedging revenue related to our mortgage banking customers and retail brokerage 
revenue.

•  The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased other operating revenue by 
$1.9 million in 2017, compared to a $28.4 million decrease in other operating revenue in 2016. In 2016, an unexpected 
85 basis point increase in the 10-year U.S. Treasury interest rate and related interest rates due to the market's reaction to 
the outcome of the U.S. presidential election increased the fair value of our servicing rights $39.8 million. The fair value 
of our economic hedges decreased $56.8 million.

•  Other operating expense totaled $1.0 billion, largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Personnel expense increased
$20.3 million, primarily due to increased share-based compensation expense. Non-personnel expense decreased $12.4 
million compared to the prior year, primarily due to lower deposit insurance expenses, litigation and settlement costs and 
mortgage banking expense, partially offset by increased data processing and communications expense.   

•  The Company recorded a $7.0 million negative provision for credit losses in 2017, compared to a $65.0 million provision 
for credit losses in 2016. Nonaccruing loans not guaranteed by U.S. government agencies decreased $40 million compared 
to December 31, 2016. Potential problem loans decreased $158 million and other loans especially mentioned decreased 
$111 million. Net charge-offs declined to $16.0 million or 0.09% of average loans for 2017, compared to net charge-offs 
of $34.8 million or 0.21% of average loans for 2016. The combined allowance for credit losses totaled $234 million or 
1.37% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2017. 

• 

• 

Period-end outstanding loan balances were $17.2 billion at December 31, 2017, a $164 million or 1% increase over the 
prior year. Commercial loan balances grew by $343 million or 3%, partially offset by a $329 million or 9% decrease in 
commercial real estate loans. Residential mortgage loans increased $24 million and personal loans grew by $126 million.

Period-end deposits totaled $22.1 billion at December 31, 2017, a $687 million or 3% decrease compared to December 31, 
2016. Interest-bearing transaction deposits decreased $615 million and time deposit balances decreased $123 million. 
Savings account balances increased $44 million and demand deposit balances were largely unchanged compared to the 
prior year. 

•  The Company's common equity Tier 1 capital ratio was 12.05% at December 31, 2017. In addition, the Tier 1 capital 
ratio was 12.05%, total capital ratio was 13.54% and leverage ratio was 9.31% at December 31, 2017. At December 31, 
2016, the Tier 1 capital ratio was 11.21%, the total capital ratio was 12.81% and the leverage ratio was 8.72%. 

•  The Company repurchased 80,000 shares at an average price of $92.54 per share during 2017. The Company repurchased 

1,005,169 shares at an average price of $66.45 during 2016.

•  The Company paid cash dividends of $1.77 per common share during 2017 and $1.73 per common share in 2016. 

20

Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 totaled $72.5 million or $1.11 per diluted share, up from $50.0 million or $0.76 per 
diluted share for the fourth quarter of 2016. 

Highlights of the fourth quarter of 2017 included:

•  Net interest revenue totaled $216.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, up $22.7 million over the fourth quarter of 
2016. Net interest margin was 2.97% for the fourth quarter of 2017, up from 2.69% for the fourth quarter of 2016. Net 
interest revenue increased primarily due to three 25 basis point increases in the federal funds rate by the Federal Reserve 
during 2017 and growth in average loan balances.

• 

Fees and commissions revenue totaled $168.2 million, up $6.1 million over the fourth quarter of 2016. Fiduciary and 
asset management revenue grew by $7.2 million, primarily due to growth in assets under management. Brokerage and 
trading revenue increased $4.5 million, primarily due to a $5.0 million decrease in the fair value of trading securities in 
the fourth quarter of 2016. Mortgage banking revenue decreased $4.1 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. 
Production volumes decreased primarily due to higher mortgage interest rates. Gain on sale margins were lower as higher- 
margin refinance activity also declined.

•  The loss in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, was $1.4 million in the fourth quarter of 
2017 compared to $17.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. The fourth quarter of 2016 included $17.0 million of the 
previously noted decrease in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges due to an unexpected 
increase in the 10-year U.S. Treasury interest rate and related interest rates. 

•  Operating expenses in the fourth quarter totaled $264.0 million, a $1.6 million decrease compared to the prior year. The 
fourth quarter of 2016 included $5.0 million of severance and other expenses related to workforce reductions and $4.7 
million of integration costs related to the Mobank acquisition. 

21

Critical Accounting Policies & Estimates

The Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company's accounting policies are more fully described 
in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Management makes significant assumptions and estimates in the 
preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP that may be highly 
subjective, complex and subject to variability. Actual results could differ significantly from these assumptions and estimates. 
The following discussion addresses the most critical areas where these assumptions and estimates could affect the financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. These critical accounting policies and estimates have been 
discussed with the appropriate committees of the Board of Directors.

Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk 

The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is assessed quarterly by 
management based on an ongoing evaluation of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio and probable 
estimated losses on unused commitments to provide financing. A consistent, well-documented methodology has been 
developed and is applied by an independent Credit Administration department to ensure consistency across the Company. The 
allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to certain impaired loans that have not yet been charged 
down to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans that are based on estimated loss rates by loan 
class and nonspecific allowances for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. There have 
been no material changes in the approach or techniques utilized in developing the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-
balance sheet credit risk during 2017.

Loans are considered impaired when it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of 
the loan agreements, including loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated 
individually for impairment. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and 
personal loans are risk graded through a quarterly evaluation of the borrower's ability to repay. 

Specific allowances for impaired loans that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover are measured by 
an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral 
for certain collateral dependent loans. Collateral value of real property is generally based on third party appraisals that conform 
to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, less estimated selling costs. Appraised values are on an “as-is” basis 
and generally are not adjusted by the Company. Updated appraisals are obtained at least annually or more frequently if market 
conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. Collateral value of mineral rights is determined by our internal staff of 
engineers based on projected cash flows under current market conditions. The value of other collateral is generally determined 
by our special assets staff based on liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. Collateral values and available cash 
resources that support impaired loans are evaluated quarterly. Historical statistics may be used as a practical way to estimate 
impairment in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is identified as impaired near the end of a reporting 
period until an updated appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed. Estimates 
of future cash flows and collateral values require significant judgments and may be volatile. 

General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on estimated loss rates by loan class. The appropriate historical gross loss 
rate for each loan class is determined by the greater of the current loss rate based on the most recent twelve months or a ten-
year average gross loss rate. Recoveries are not directly considered in the estimation of historical loss rates. Recoveries 
generally do not follow predictable patterns and are not received until well-after the charge-off date as a result of protracted 
legal proceedings. For risk graded loans, historical loss rates are adjusted for changes in risk rating. For each loan class, the 
weighted average current risk grade is compared to the weighted average long-term risk grade. This comparison determines 
whether the risk in each loan class is increasing or decreasing. Historical loss rates are adjusted upward or downward in 
proportion to changes in weighted average risk grading. General allowances for unimpaired loans also consider inherent risks 
identified for a given loan class. Inherent risks include consideration of the loss rates that most appropriately represent the 
current credit cycle and other factors attributable to a specific loan class which have not yet been represented in the historical 
gross loss rates or risk grading. Examples of these factors include changes in commodity prices or engineering imprecision, 
which may affect the value of reserves that secure our energy loan portfolio, construction risk that may affect commercial real 
estate loans, changes in regulations and public policy that may disproportionately impact health care loans and changes in loan 
product types.  

Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These 
factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentrations in loans with large balances and other 
relevant factors. 

22

Fair Value Measurement

Certain assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Fair value is defined by 
applicable accounting guidance as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants in the principal markets for the given asset or liability at the measurement date based on market conditions at that 
date. An orderly transaction assumes exposure to the market for a customary period for marketing activities prior to the 
measurement date and not a forced liquidation or distressed sale.

A hierarchy for fair value has been established that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value into 
three broad categories: unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), other observable 
inputs that can be observed either directly or indirectly (Level 2) and unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities (Level 3). Fair 
value may be recorded for certain assets and liabilities every reporting period on a recurring basis or under certain 
circumstances on a non-recurring basis.

The following represents significant fair value measurements included in the Consolidated Financial Statements based on 
estimates. See Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of fair value measurement and 
disclosure included in the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Mortgage Servicing Rights

We have a significant investment in mortgage servicing rights. Our mortgage servicing rights are primarily retained 
from sales in the secondary market of residential mortgage loans we have originated or purchased from correspondent 
lenders. Occasionally, mortgage servicing rights may be purchased from other lenders. Both originated and purchased 
mortgage servicing rights are initially recognized at fair value. We carry all mortgage servicing rights at fair value. 
Changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as they occur.

Mortgage servicing rights are not traded in active markets. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is determined 
by discounting the projected cash flows. Certain significant assumptions and estimates used in valuing mortgage 
servicing rights are based on current market sources including projected prepayment speeds, assumed servicing costs, 
earnings on escrow deposits, ancillary income and discount rates. Assumptions used to value our mortgage servicing 
rights are considered significant unobservable inputs and represent our best estimate of assumptions that market 
participants would use to value this asset. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on 
interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The 
prepayment model is updated periodically for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual 
performance of our servicing portfolio. The discount rate is based on benchmark rates for mortgage loans plus a 
market spread expected by investors in servicing rights. Significant assumptions used to determine the fair value of 
our mortgage servicing rights are presented in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. At least annually, we 
request estimates of fair value from outside sources to corroborate the results of the valuation model.

The assumptions used in this model are primarily based on mortgage interest rates. Evaluation of the effect of a 
change in one assumption without considering the effect of that change on other assumptions is not meaningful. 
Considering all related assumptions, we expect a 50 basis point increase in primary mortgage interest rates to increase 
the fair value of our servicing rights by $26 million. We expect a $33 million decrease in the fair value of our 
mortgage servicing rights from a 50 basis point decrease in primary mortgage interest rates.  

Valuation of Derivative Instruments

We use interest rate derivative instruments to manage our interest rate risk. We also offer interest rate, commodity, 
foreign exchange and equity derivative contracts to our customers. All derivative instruments are carried on the 
balance sheet at fair value. Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on quoted prices in an active market for 
identical instruments. Fair values for over-the-counter interest rate contracts used to manage our interest rate risk are 
generated internally using third-party valuation models. Inputs used in third-party valuation models to determine fair 
values are considered significant other observable inputs. Fair values for interest rate, commodity, foreign exchange 
and equity contracts used in our customer hedging programs are based on valuations generated internally by third-
party provided pricing models. These models use significant other observable market inputs to estimate fair values. 
Changes in assumptions used in these pricing models could significantly affect the reported fair values of derivative 
assets and liabilities, though the net effect of these changes should not significantly affect earnings.  

23

Credit risk is considered in determining the fair value of derivative instruments. Deterioration in the credit rating of 
customers or dealers reduces the fair value of asset contracts. The reduction in fair value is recognized in earnings 
during the current period. Fair value adjustments are based on various risk factors including but not limited to 
counterparty credit rating or equivalent loan grading, derivative contract notional size, price volatility of the 
underlying commodity, duration of the derivative contracts and expected loss severity. Expected loss severity is based 
on historical losses for similarly risk-graded commercial loan customers. Deterioration in our credit rating below 
investment grade would affect the fair value of our derivative liabilities. In the event of a credit down-grade, the fair 
value of our derivative liabilities would decrease. The reduction in fair value would be recognized in earnings in the 
current period. The impact of credit valuation adjustments on the total valuation of derivative contracts was not 
significant. 

Valuation of Securities

The fair value of our securities portfolio is generally based on a single price for each financial instrument provided to 
us by a third-party pricing service determined by one or more of the following:

•  Quoted prices for similar, but not identical, assets or liabilities in active markets;
•  Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
• 

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, 
prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates;

•  Other inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market inputs.

The underlying methods used by the third-party pricing services are considered in determining the primary inputs used 
to determine fair values. We evaluate the methodologies employed by the third-party pricing services by comparing 
the price provided by the pricing service with other sources, including brokers' quotes, sales or purchases of similar 
instruments and discounted cash flows to establish a basis for reliance on the pricing service values. Significant 
differences between the pricing service provided value and other sources are discussed with the pricing service to 
understand the basis for their values. Based on all observable inputs, management may adjust prices obtained from 
third-party pricing services to more appropriately reflect the prices that would be received to sell assets or paid to 
transfer liabilities in orderly transactions in the current market. No significant adjustments were made to prices 
provided by third-party pricing services at December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

Valuation of Impaired Loans and Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets

The fair value of collateral for certain impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets is measured on a 
non-recurring basis. The fair value of real estate is generally based on unadjusted third-party appraisals derived 
principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Fair value measurements based on these appraisals are 
considered to be based on Level 2 inputs. Fair value measurements based on appraisals that are not based on 
observable inputs or that require significant adjustments by us or fair value measurements that are not based on third-
party appraisals are considered to be based on Level 3 inputs. Significant unobservable inputs include listing prices for 
comparable assets, uncorroborated expert opinions or management's knowledge of the collateral or industry.

The fair value of mineral rights is generally determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash 
flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. Proven oil and gas reserves 
are estimated quantities that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable 
in future years from known reservoirs using existing prices and costs. Projected cash flows incorporate assumptions 
related to a number of factors including production, sales prices, operating expenses, severance, ad valorem taxes, 
capital costs and appropriate discount rate. Fair values determined through this process are considered to be based on 
Level 3 inputs.  

Income Taxes

Determination of income tax expense and related assets and liabilities is complex and requires estimates and judgments when 
applying tax laws, rules, regulations and interpretations. It also requires judgments as to future earnings and the timing of future 
events. Accrued income taxes represent an estimate of net amounts due to or from taxing jurisdictions based upon these 
estimates, interpretations and judgments.

24

 
Management evaluates the Company's current tax expense or benefit based upon estimates of taxable income, tax credits and 
statutory tax rates. Annually, we file tax returns with each jurisdiction where we conduct business and adjust recognized income 
tax expense or benefit to filed tax returns.

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon the differences between the values of assets and liabilities as 
recognized in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some 
portion of the entire deferred tax asset may not be realized.  

We also recognize the benefit of uncertain income tax positions when based upon all relevant evidence, it is more-likely-than-
not that our position would prevail upon examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation, based upon the 
technical merits of the position. Unrecognized tax benefits, including estimated interest and penalties, are part of our current 
accrued income tax liability. Estimated penalties and interest are recognized in income tax expense. Income tax expense in 
future periods may decrease if an uncertain tax position is favorably resolved, generally upon completion of an examination by 
the taxing authorities, expiration of a statute of limitations, or changes in facts and circumstances.

25

Results of Operations

Net Interest Revenue and Net Interest Margin

Net interest revenue is the interest earned on debt securities, loans and other interest-earning assets less interest paid for 
interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings. The net interest margin is calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest 
revenue by average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference between the average rate earned on interest-
earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is typically greater than net interest 
spread due to interest income earned on assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities such as demand deposits and equity.

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue totaled $858.9 million for 2017, up from $764.8 million for 2016. Net interest margin was 
2.92% for 2017 and 2.66% for 2016. Tax-equivalent net interest revenue increased $94.1 million over the prior year. Net 
interest revenue increased $61.2 million due to rates and $32.9 million from growth in earning assets. The benefit of an 
increase in short-term interest rates on floating-rate earning assets was partially offset by higher borrowing costs. Table 2 shows 
the effects on net interest revenue due to changes in average balances and interest rates for the various types of earning assets 
and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, see the Annual and Quarterly Financial Summary of consolidated daily average 
balances, yields and rates following the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets was 3.36% for 2017 up from 2.95% in 2016, primarily due to increases in short-term 
interest rates resulting from three 25 basis point increases in the federal funds rate by the Federal Reserve during the year. Loan 
yields increased 50 basis points to 4.13% . The yield on interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased 57 basis points to 
1.10%. The available for sale securities portfolio yield increased 10 basis points to 2.13%. The yield on fair value option 
securities held as an economic hedge of our mortgage servicing rights increased 88 basis points to 2.81% primarily related to a 
change in the mix of securities and an increase in average rates. Funding costs increased 25 basis points over 2016. The cost of 
interest-bearing deposits was limited to a 9 basis point increase due to a lack of market pricing pressure. The cost of other 
borrowed funds increased 55 basis points. The cost of subordinated debentures increased 280 basis points due to the full year 
impact of higher fixed rate debt issued in the second quarter of 2016 to replace lower variable rate debt paid off in the third 
quarter of 2016. The benefit to net interest margin from earning assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities was 23 basis 
points for 2017, up from 13 basis points for 2016.

Average earning assets for 2017 increased $646 million or 2% over 2016. Average loans, net of allowance for loan losses, 
increased $812 million. Growth in average commercial, residential and personal loans was partially offset by a decrease in 
average commercial real estate loan balances. Average loan balances were up $439 million related to the full year's impact of 
loans from the Mobank acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2016. The average balance of the fair value option securities 
portfolio held as an economic hedge of our mortgage servicing rights increased $270 million. Average trading securities 
balances increased $204 million primarily related to expanded U.S. mortgage-backed securities trading activity. The average 
balance of available for sale securities, which consists largely of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities 
guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, decreased $414 million. We purchase securities to supplement earnings and to 
manage interest rate risk. We have reduced the size of our bond portfolio during the past three years through normal monthly 
runoff to better position the balance sheet for an environment of rising longer-term rates. Our outlook for earning assets in 2018 
is for mid single-digit growth in loan balances and flat to slightly decreasing securities portfolio balances. We expect stable to 
rising net interest margin and increasing net interest revenue. The average balance of residential mortgage loans held for sale 
decreased by $125 million.

Growth in average assets was funded by growth in demand and interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by decreased 
repurchase agreements and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks. Total average deposits grew by $1.3 billion over 
the prior year, including $491 million related to the full-year impact of the Mobank acquisition. Average demand deposit 
balances were up $839 million over the prior year and average interest-bearing transaction account balances increased $475 
million. This growth was partially offset by a $66 million decrease in average time deposits. Average borrowed funds decreased 
$273 million over the prior year. Borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks decreased $103 million and average 
repurchase agreement balances were down $155 million compared to the prior year. Subordinated debenture and funds 
purchased balances also declined compared to the prior year. 

26

Our overall objective is to manage the Company’s balance sheet to be relatively neutral to changes in interest rates as is further 
described in the Market Risk section of this report. As shown in Table 21, approximately 81% of our commercial and 
commercial real estate loan portfolios are either variable rate loans or fixed rate loans that will re-price within one year. These 
loans are funded primarily by deposit accounts that are either non-interest bearing, or that re-price more slowly than the 
loans. The result is a balance sheet that would be asset sensitive, which means that assets generally re-price more quickly than 
liabilities. Among the strategies that we use to manage toward a relatively rate-neutral position, we purchase fixed rate 
residential mortgage-backed securities issued primarily by U.S. government agencies and fund them with market rate sensitive 
liabilities. The liability-sensitive nature of this strategy provides an offset to the asset-sensitive characteristics of our loan 
portfolio. We also may use derivative instruments to manage our interest rate risk. 

The effectiveness of these strategies is reflected in the overall change in net interest revenue due to changes in interest rates as 
shown in Table 2 and in the interest rate sensitivity projections as shown in the Market Risk section of this report. 

Fourth Quarter 2017 Net Interest Revenue

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue totaled $221.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, an increase of $22.4 million over the 
fourth quarter of 2016. Net interest margin was 2.97% for the fourth quarter of 2017 compared to 2.69% for the fourth quarter 
of 2016. Net interest revenue increased $19.1 million primarily due to three 25 basis point increases in the federal funds rate by 
the Federal Reserve during 2017 and $3.3 million primarily due to the growth in average loan balances. 

The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets was 3.49% for the fourth quarter of 2017, up 51 basis points over the fourth quarter 
of 2016. Loan yields increased 62 basis points to 4.29%. The available for sale securities portfolio yield increased 21 basis 
points to 2.21%. The yield on interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased 72 basis points to 1.27%. Yield on fair value 
option securities held as an economic hedge of our mortgage servicing rights was up 191 basis points to 2.90% due to a change 
in the mix of securities and increased interest rates. Funding costs were up 35 basis points over the fourth quarter of 2016. The 
cost of interest-bearing deposits was limited to a 16 basis point increase over the fourth quarter of 2016 by a lack of market 
pricing pressure. The cost of other borrowed funds increased 72 basis points. The benefit to net interest margin from earning 
assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities was 27 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2017, up from 15 basis points in the 
fourth quarter of 2016.

Average earning assets for the fourth quarter of 2017 increased $573 million over the fourth quarter of 2016, including $274 
million related to the full-quarter's impact of the acquisition of Mobank on December 1, 2016. Average loans, net of allowance 
for loan losses, increased $458 million due primarily to growth in commercial, residential mortgage and personal loans, 
partially offset by decreased commercial real estate loan balances. The increase in average loans also included $292 million 
related to the full-quarter's impact of the Mobank acquisition. Fair value option securities held as an economic hedge of 
mortgage servicing rights were up $582 million over the fourth quarter of 2016, partially offset by a $331 million decrease in 
the available for sale securities portfolio. 

Average deposits increased $458 million over the fourth quarter of 2016, including $312 million related to the full-quarter's 
impact of the Mobank acquisition. Average demand deposit balances increased $293 million and average interest-bearing 
transaction accounts increased $163 million. Average time deposits decreased $43 million. Average borrowed funds were 
largely unchanged compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. Increased Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings were offset by 
lower repurchase agreement balances. 

2016 Net Interest Revenue

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue for 2016 was $764.8 million, up from $715.8 million for 2015. Net interest margin was 
2.66% for 2016 compared to 2.60% for 2015. The $49.0 million increase in tax equivalent net interest revenue was due 
primarily to growth in earning assets. The benefit of an increase in short-term interest rates during 2016 on the loan portfolio 
and interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents yields was offset by higher borrowing costs. 

27

The tax-equivalent yield on average earning assets increased 11 basis points over 2015. Loan yields increased 5 basis points 
primarily due growth in variable rate loans and an increase in short-term interest rates. The yield on trading securities increased 
94 basis points due to a change in mix toward more higher-yielding U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities. The 
yield on interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents increased 26 basis points. The available for sale securities portfolio yield 
increased 4 basis points. The benefit from improved yields on investment securities was offset by lower yields on restricted 
equity and fair value option securities. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 7 basis points. The cost of interest-
bearing deposits decreased 1 basis point while the cost of other borrowed funds increased 25 basis points, primarily due to 
increases in federal funds rates by the Federal Reserve in the fourth quarters of 2016 and 2015. The cost of subordinated 
debentures increased 98 basis points as lower variable rate debt outstanding during 2015 was replaced by higher fixed rate debt. 
The Company issued $150 million of 40 year, 5.375% fixed rate subordinated debt during the second quarter of 2016 that 
replaced $227 million of floating rate subordinated debt based on three-month LIBOR plus 0.69%. The benefit to net interest 
margin from earning assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities was 13 basis points for 2016, compared to 11 basis points 
for 2015.

Average earning assets increased $1.2 billion or 4% during 2016. Average loans, net of allowance for loan losses, increased 
$1.3 billion. Average trading securities balances increased $168 million primarily related to the addition of a new group trading 
in U.S. mortgage-backed securities during 2016. The average balance of available for sale securities, which consists largely of 
residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, decreased $152 million. We 
reduced the size of our bond portfolio during 2014, 2015 and 2016 through normal monthly runoff to better position the 
balance sheet for an environment of rising longer-term rates. Growth in average assets was funded by increased borrowings 
from the Federal Home Loan Banks and demand deposits growth, partially offset by lower interest-bearing deposits and 
subordinated debt balances. Total average deposits were largely unchanged compared to 2015. Average demand deposit account 
balances grew by $426 million. This growth was offset by a $328 million decrease in average time deposit balances and a $175 
million decrease in average interest-bearing transaction account balances. Average borrowed funds balances increased $1.6 
billion over 2015. Borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks increased $1.1 billion, partially offset by decreased funds 
purchased, repurchase agreements and subordinated debt balances. 

28

Table 2 – Volume/Rate Analysis 
(In thousands)

Year Ended

Year Ended

December 31, 2017 / 2016

December 31, 2016 / 2015

Change Due To1

Change Due To1

Change

Volume

Yield /
Rate

Change

Volume

Yield /
Rate

Tax-equivalent interest revenue:

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents

$

11,402

$

(252) $

11,654

$

5,146

$

(58) $

Trading securities

Investment securities:

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale securities:

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities

Restricted equity securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

Loans

Total tax-equivalent interest revenue

Interest expense:

Transaction deposits

Savings deposits

Time deposits

Funds purchased

Repurchase agreements

Other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total interest expense

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue

Change in tax-equivalent adjustment

8,424

8,122

302

6,158

4,318

(353)

(690)

(1,043)

2,232

(789)

1,443

10,032

1,252

(3,952)

115,678

143,236

14,721

(27)

(1,385)

235

187

33,366

2,064

49,161

94,075

(398)

(196)

(1,567)

(1,763)

(6,901)

(994)

(7,895)

5,886

(257)

(4,389)

29,407

28,859

851

27

(728)

(99)

(114)

(946)

(3,023)

(4,032)

32,891

(157)

877

720

9,133

205

9,338

4,146

1,509

437

86,271

114,377

13,870

(54)

(657)

334

301

34,312

5,087

53,193

61,184

(664)

1,596

932

690

12

702

(2,541)

3,706

(944)

54,274

67,433

5,085

3

(528)

(961)

(1,489)

(2,617)

(655)

(3,272)

(1,290)

5,490

(416)

46,549

49,832

(16)

39

(8,764)

(4,139)

121

(34)

21,045

959

18,415

49,018

5,144

13

(52)

8,239

(1,445)

2,639

47,193

5,204

1,840

(136)

2,557

2,421

3,307

667

3,974

(1,251)

(1,784)

(528)

7,725

17,601

5,101

(36)

(4,625)

108

18

12,806

2,404

15,776

1,825

Net interest revenue
1 Changes attributable to both volume and yield/rate are allocated to both volume and yield/rate on an equal basis.

94,473

43,874

$

$

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 2 – Volume/Rate Analysis (continued)
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended

December 31, 2017 / 2016

Change Due To1

Change

Volume

Yield /
Rate

Tax-equivalent interest revenue:

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents

$

3,511

$

(128) $

Trading securities

Investment securities:

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale securities:

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities

Restricted equity securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

Loans

Total tax-equivalent interest revenue

Interest expense:

Transaction deposits

Savings deposits

Time deposits

Funds purchased

Repurchase agreements

Other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total interest expense

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue

Change in tax-equivalent adjustment

75

5

(277)

(272)

2,596

(203)

2,393

5,229

402

(446)

28,880

39,772

5,002

(4)

156

101

161

11,927

22

17,365

22,407

(258)

746

52

(527)

(475)

(1,872)

(221)

(2,093)

2,804

44

(757)

3,488

3,629

144

14

(119)

3

(36)

330

4

340

3,289

3,639

(671)

(47)

250

203

4,468

18

4,486

2,425

358

311

25,392

36,143

4,858

(18)

275

98

197

11,597

18

17,025

19,118

Net interest revenue
1 Changes attributable to both volume and yield/rate are allocated to both volume and yield/rate on an equal basis.

22,665

$

30

 
 
 
 
 
Other Operating Revenue

Other operating revenue was $695.1 million for 2017, up $21.1 million or 3% over 2016. The change in the fair value of 
mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased other operating revenue by $1.9 million in 2017 and $28.4 
million in 2016. 

Table 3 – Other Operating Revenue 
(In thousands)

Brokerage and trading revenue
Transaction card revenue1
Fiduciary and asset management revenue
Deposit service charges and fees1
Mortgage banking revenue

Other revenue

Total fees and commissions revenue

Other gains, net

Gain (loss) on derivatives, net

Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

Gain on available for sale securities, net

Total other-than-temporary impairment

Portion of loss recognized in (reclassified from) other

comprehensive income

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$

131,601

$

138,377

$

129,556

$

134,437

$

125,478

119,988

162,893

112,075

104,719

52,168

683,444

9,004

779

(2,733)

172

4,428

—

—

—

116,452

135,477

111,499

133,914

51,029

686,748

4,030

(15,685)

(10,555)

(2,193)

11,675

—

—

—

109,579

126,153

109,473

126,002

49,883

650,646

5,702

430

(3,684)

(4,853)

12,058

(2,443)

624

(1,819)

104,940

115,652

109,660

109,093

47,537

621,319

2,953

2,776

10,189

(16,445)

1,539

(373)

—

(373)

98,533

96,082

113,400

121,934

48,417

603,844

4,875

(4,367)

(15,212)

22,720

10,720

(2,574)

266

(2,308)

620,272

Total other operating revenue
1 

$
 Check card revenue was reclassified from transaction card revenue to deposit service charges and fees for all periods presented.

621,958

674,020

658,480

695,094

$

$

$

$

Fees and commissions revenue

Diversified sources of fees and commissions revenue are a significant part of our business strategy and represented 45% of total 
revenue for 2017, excluding provision for credit losses and gains and losses on asset sales, securities and derivatives and the 
change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. We believe that a variety of fee revenue sources provides an offset to 
changes in interest rates, values in the equity markets, commodity prices and consumer spending, all of which can be 
volatile. As an example of this strength, many of the economic factors such as rising interest rates resulting in growth in net 
interest revenue or fiduciary and asset management revenue, may also decrease mortgage banking production volumes. We 
expect growth in other operating revenue to come through offering new products and services and by further development of 
our presence in other markets. However, current and future economic conditions, regulatory constraints, increased competition 
and saturation in our existing markets could affect the rate of future increases.

Brokerage and trading revenue, which includes revenues from trading, customer hedging, retail broker and investment banking, 
decreased $6.8 million or 5% compared to the prior year. Excluding a $5.0 million decrease in the value of trading securities 
due to the unexpected increase in interest rates in 2016, brokerage and trading revenue decreased $11.8 million or 9%. The 
revenue decrease generally resulted from customer reaction to rising interest rates along with changes in regulations. 

Trading revenue includes net realized and unrealized gains primarily related to sales of U.S. government securities, residential 
mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and municipal securities to institutional customers and 
related derivative instruments. Trading revenue was $43.6 million for 2017, a decrease of $4.4 million from 2016. 

31

 
 
Customer hedging revenue is based primarily on realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of derivative contracts held 
for customer risk management programs. As more fully discussed under Customer Derivative Programs in Note 3 of the 
Consolidated Financial Statements, we offer commodity, interest rate, foreign exchange and equity derivatives to our 
customers. Derivative contracts executed with customers are offset with contracts between selected counterparties and 
exchanges to minimize market risk from changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. Customer 
hedging revenue totaled $44.1 million for 2017, a decrease of $3.0 million or 6% compared to 2016. The volume of derivative 
contracts sold to our mortgage banking customers used to hedge their pipelines of mortgage loan originations decreased as 
average mortgage rates rose during 2017. 

Revenue earned from retail brokerage transactions totaled $22.9 million for 2017, a decrease of $3.1 million or 12% compared 
the the prior year. Retail brokerage revenue is primarily based on fees and commissions earned on sales of fixed income 
securities, annuities, mutual funds and other financial instruments to retail customers. Revenue is primarily based on the 
volume of customer transactions and applicable commission rate for each type of product. The implementation of the new 
Department of Labor ("DOL") fiduciary rule in the second quarter of 2017 has negatively impacted retail brokerage revenue. 
New regulation issued by the DOL amended the definition of investment advice under the Employee Retirement Income 
Security Act ("ERISA"). The new rule is designed to provide better protection to plans, participants, beneficiaries and 
individual retirement account ("IRA") owners against conflicts of interest, imprudence and disloyalty.

Investment banking, which includes fees earned upon completion of underwriting, financial advisory services and loan 
syndication fees totaled $20.9 million for 2017, a decrease of $1.2 million or 6% compared 2016, related to the timing and 
volume of completed transactions. 

Transaction card revenue depends largely on the volume and amount of transactions processed, the number of TransFund 
automated teller machine (“ATM”) locations and the number of merchants served. Transaction card revenue totaled $120 
million for 2017, a $3.5 million or 3% increase over 2016. Revenues from the processing of transactions on behalf of the 
members of our TransFund electronic funds transfer ("EFT") network totaled $73.5 million, up $2.9 million or 4% over 2016, 
due primarily to a $2.1 million customer early termination penalty received in the third quarter of 2017. The number of 
TransFund ATM locations totaled 2,223 at December 31, 2017 compared to 2,021 at December 31, 2016. Merchant services 
fees paid by customers for account management and electronic processing of card transactions totaled $46.5 million, an 
increase of $608 thousand or 1% over the prior year. 

Fiduciary and asset management revenue is earned through managing or holding of assets for customers and executing 
transactions or providing related services. Approximately 80% of fiduciary and asset management revenue is primarily based 
on the fair value of assets. Rates applied to those asset values vary based on the nature of the relationship. Fiduciary and 
managed asset relationships generally have a higher fee rate than non-fiduciary and/or managed relationships.

Fiduciary and asset management revenue grew $27.4 million or 20% over 2016, primarily due to growth in assets under 
management, improved pricing discipline and decreased fee waivers. 

We earn fees as administrator to and investment adviser for the Cavanal Hill Funds, a diversified, open-ended investment 
company established as a business trust under the Investment Company Act of 1940. BOKF, NA is custodian and Cavanal Hill 
Distributors, Inc. is distributor for the Cavanal Hill Funds. Products of the Cavanal Hill Funds are offered to customers, 
employee benefit plans, trusts and the general public in the ordinary course of business. In recent years, we voluntarily waived 
administration fees on the Cavanal Hill money market funds in order to maintain positive yields on these funds during the low 
short-term interest rate environment. During 2017, we have phased out those fee waivers. Waived fees totaled $445 thousand 
for 2017, compared to $6.8 million for 2016. The decrease in fee waivers was primarily related to increased interest rates as a 
result of four Federal Reserve federal funds rate increases beginning in the fourth quarter of 2016. 

32

A distribution of assets under management or administration and related fiduciary and asset management revenue follows:

Table 4 -- Assets Under Management or Administration 

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

Balance

Revenue1 Margin2

Balance

Revenue1 Margin2

Managed fiduciary assets:

Personal

Institutional

Total managed fiduciary assets

20,994,937

106,958

0.51% 18,686,274

$ 7,801,968

$

85,328

1.09% $ 7,040,121

$

75,290

13,192,969

21,630

0.16% 11,646,153

18,018

93,308

Non-managed assets:

Fiduciary

Non-fiduciary

Safekeeping and brokerage assets under

administration

Total non-managed assets

27,766,540

16,969,222

53,515

2,420

0.19% 23,691,780

0.01% 17,636,113

40,014

2,155

16,097,098

60,832,860

—

—% 15,393,696

—

55,935

0.09% 56,721,589

42,169

1.07%

0.15%

0.50%

0.17%

0.01%

—%

0.07%

Total assets under management or administration
1  Fiduciary and asset management revenue includes asset-based and other fees associated with the assets.
2  Revenue divided by period-end balance.

$ 81,827,797

$ 162,893

0.20% $ 75,407,863

$ 135,477

0.18%

A summary of changes in assets under management or administration for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 follows:

Table 5 -- Changes in Assets Under Management or Administration 

Beginning balance

Net inflows (outflows)

Change in assets from acquisitions

Net change in fair value

Ending balance

Year Ended
December 31,

2017

2016

$

75,407,863

$

71,047,773

(406,469)

1,716,596

—

296,627

6,826,403

2,346,867

$

81,827,797

$

75,407,863

Deposit service charges and fees increased $576 thousand or 1% over 2016. Commercial account service charge revenue 
totaled $46.8 million, an increase of $1.8 million or 4% over the prior year. Overdraft fees totaled $38.5 million for 2017, a 
decrease of $2.0 million or 5% compared to last year. Service charges on deposit accounts with a standard monthly fee were 
$6.9 million, an increase of $196 thousand or 3% over the prior year. Revenue from interchange fees paid by merchants for 
transactions processed from debit cards issued to the Company's depositors totaled $19.8 million, an increase of $519 thousand 
or 3% over 2016 due to increased transaction volume. 

Mortgage banking revenue totaled $104.7 million for 2017, a $29.2 million or 22% decrease compared to 2016. 

Mortgage production revenue totaled $38.5 million, a $31.1 million or 45% decrease compared to 2016. Mortgage loan 
production volume decreased $2.6 billion, including a $1.8 billion decrease related to the Company's strategic decision to exit 
the correspondent lending channel during 2016. Production volumes in the retail channel decreased compared to the prior year 
as average primary interest rates were up 34 basis points compared to 2016. Mortgage servicing revenue was $66.2 million, a 
$1.9 million or 3% increase over the prior year. The outstanding principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others totaled 
$22.0 billion at December 31, 2017, a $49.1 million increase over December 31, 2016.

33

 
Table 6 – Mortgage Banking Revenue 
(In thousands)

Mortgage production revenue

$

38,498

$

69,628

$

69,587

$

61,061

$

79,545

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Year Ended December 31,

Mortgage loans funded for sale

$ 3,286,873

$ 6,117,417

$ 6,372,956

$ 4,484,394

$ 4,081,390

Add: Current year end outstanding commitments

Less: Prior year end outstanding commitments

222,919

318,359

318,359

601,147

601,147

627,505

627,505

258,873

258,873

356,634

Total mortgage production volume

3,191,433

5,834,629

6,346,598

4,853,026

3,983,629

Gain on sale margin

1.21%

1.19%

1.10%

1.26%

2.00%

Mortgage loan refinances to mortgage loans funded

for sale

Primary mortgage interest rates:

40%

51%

42%

30%

43%

Average

Period end

3.99%

3.99%

3.65%

4.32%

3.85%

3.96%

4.17%

3.83%

3.98%

4.48%

Mortgage servicing revenue

$

66,221

$

64,286

$

56,415

$

48,032

$

42,389

Average outstanding principal balance of mortgage

loans serviced for others

22,055,002

20,837,897

17,920,557

14,940,915

12,850,283

Average mortgage servicing fee rates

0.30%

0.31%

0.31%

0.32%

0.33%

Primary rates disclosed in Table 6 above represent rates generally available to borrowers on 30 year conforming mortgage 
loans. 

Net gains on securities, derivatives and other assets

We recognized $4.4 million of net gains from sales of $1.3 billion of available for sale securities in 2017. We recognized $11.7 
million of net gains from sales of $899 million of available for sale securities in 2016. Securities were sold either because they 
had reached their expected maximum potential or to move into securities that are expected to perform better in the current rate 
environment.

As discussed in the Market Risk section following, the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") changes in 
response to changes in primary mortgage loan rates and other assumptions. We attempt to mitigate the earnings volatility 
caused by changes in the fair value of MSRs by designating certain financial instruments as an economic hedge. Changes in the 
fair value of these instruments are generally expected to partially offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. 

The net economic benefit of the changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights and related economic hedges was $6.6 
million in the 2017, including a $172 thousand increase in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, offset by a $2.1 million 
decrease in the fair value of securities and derivative contracts held as an economic hedge and $8.4 million of related net 
interest revenue. 

The net economic cost of changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights and related economic hedges was $24.1 million 
for 2016. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights decreased $2.2 million.The fair value of securities and interest rate 
derivative contracts held as an economic hedge decreased $26.3 million. Our economic hedges were generally designed to be 
effective over a + / - 50 basis point rate change. An 85 basis point increase in the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate in the fourth 
quarter of 2016 led to a $39.8 million increase in the fair value of MSRs and a $56.8 million decrease in the fair value of 
economic hedges. Net interest earned on securities held as an economic hedge was $4.4 million. 

34

 
 
Table 7 – Gain (Loss) on Mortgage Servicing Rights, Net of Economic Hedge 
(In thousands)

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Gain (loss) on mortgage hedge derivative contracts, net

$

681

$ (15,696) $

634

$

2,776

$

(5,080)

Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net

Gain (loss) on economic hedge of mortgage servicing rights

Gain (loss) on change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

Gain (loss) on changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of

economic hedges included in other operating revenue

Net interest revenue on fair value option securities1
Total economic benefit (cost) of changes in the fair value of mortgage

servicing rights, net of economic hedges

(2,733)

(2,052)

172

(10,555)

(26,251)

(2,193)

(1,880)

(28,444)

8,435

4,356

(3,684)

(3,050)

(4,853)

(7,903)

8,001

10,003

12,779

(15,436)

(20,516)

(16,445)

22,720

(3,666)

3,253

2,204

3,290

$

6,555

$ (24,088) $

98

$

(413) $

5,494

1  Actual interest earned on fair value option securities less internal transfer-priced cost of funds.

Other gains, net totaled $9.0 million for 2017, mainly due to the sale of certain merchant banking investments during the year. 
Other gains, net totaled $4.0 million for 2016. 

Fourth Quarter 2017 Other Operating Revenue

Other operating revenue was $166.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, up $1.1 million over the fourth quarter of 2016, 
excluding the impact of the unexpected change in interest rates in the fourth quarter of 2016. The fourth quarter of 2016 
included a $5.0 million decrease in the net fair value of trading portfolio positions and a $17 million decrease in the fair value 
of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges. 

Fiduciary and asset management revenue increased $7.2 million over the fourth quarter of 2016 to $41.8 million primarily due 
to growth in assets under management and a decrease in waived administrative fees. There were no waived administration fees 
on the Cavanal Hill money market funds for the fourth quarter of 2017, compared to $1.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2016.

Mortgage banking revenue was $24.4 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, a decrease of $4.1 million compared to the fourth 
quarter of 2016 due primarily to a decrease in mortgage loan production volume. Mortgage loan production volumes were $729 
million for the fourth quarter of 2017, compared to $878 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. 

All other revenue categories were relatively unchanged.

2016 Other Operating Revenue

Other operating revenue totaled $674.0 million for 2016, up $15.5 million or 2% over 2015. Fees and commissions revenue 
increased $36.1 million. The change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, decreased operating 
revenue in 2016 by $28.4 million and decreased operating revenue $7.9 million in 2015. 

Brokerage and trading revenue for 2016 increased $8.8 million compared to 2015 largely due to customer hedging. Transaction 
card revenue grew by $6.9 million over 2015 primarily due to growth in transaction volumes. Fiduciary and asset management 
fees increased $9.3 million primarily due to decreased fee waivers and growth in assets under management. Deposit service 
charges and fees increased $2.0 million. Increased commercial account service charges were offset by lower overdraft fees and 
service charges on deposit accounts with a standard monthly fee. 

Mortgage banking revenue grew by $7.9 million over 2015 mainly due to the increase in mortgage servicing revenue. An 
increase in gain on sale margins was mostly offset by a decrease in mortgage loan production volume. 

Net gains on other assets totaled $4.0 million for 2016. The Company recognized $2.0 million related to the mutual termination 
of a rent guarantee between the Company and the City of Tulsa for office space in a building immediately adjacent to the 
Company's main office rented by third party tenants. The Company also recognized a $2.1 million gain on the sale of a 
merchant banking investment during the year. 

35

 
 
Other Operating Expense

Other operating expense for 2017 totaled $1.0 billion, a $7.9 million or 1% increase over the prior year. Personnel expense 
increased $20.3 million or 4%. Non-personnel expenses decreased $12.4 million or 3% compared to the prior year. 

Table 8 – Other Operating Expense 
(In thousands)

Regular compensation

Incentive compensation:

Cash-based compensation

Share-based compensation

Deferred compensation

Total incentive compensation

Employee benefits

Total personnel expense

Business promotion

Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation

Professional fees and services

Net occupancy and equipment

Insurance

Data processing & communications

Printing, postage and supplies

Net losses & operating expenses of repossessed assets

Amortization of intangible assets

Mortgage banking costs

Other expense

Total other operating expense

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$

333,226

$

332,740

$

313,403

$

298,420

$

279,493

127,964

128,077

23,602

4,091

155,657

84,525

573,408

28,877

2,000

51,067

86,477

19,653

146,970

15,689

9,687

6,779

52,856

32,054

10,464

1,687

140,228

80,151

553,119

26,582

2,000

56,783

80,024

32,489

131,841

15,584

3,359

6,862

61,387

47,560

114,305

12,358

361

127,024

74,871

515,298

27,851

796

40,123

76,016

20,375

122,383

13,498

1,446

4,359

38,813

35,233

111,748

10,875

(13,692)

108,931

69,580

476,931

26,649

4,267

44,440

77,232

18,578

115,225

13,518

6,019

3,965

31,705

28,993

110,871

8,189

32,083

151,143

74,589

505,225

22,598

2,062

32,552

69,773

16,122

105,967

13,885

5,160

3,428

31,196

32,652

$ 1,025,517

$ 1,017,590

$

896,191

$

847,522

$

840,620

Average number of employees (full-time equivalent)

4,900

4,872

4,797

4,679

4,683

Personnel expense

Regular compensation expense, which consists of salaries and wages, overtime pay and temporary personnel costs, increased 
$486 thousand, largely unchanged compared to 2016. Standard annual merit increases were offset by the impact of $5.0 million 
in severance costs in 2016 related to a reduction of workforce to better align expenses with expected revenue growth. Standard 
annual merit increases were effective for the majority of our staff on March 1. The average number of employees remained 
consistent compared to the prior year. 

Incentive compensation increased $15.4 million or 11% over 2016. Cash-based incentive compensation plans are either 
intended to provide current rewards to employees who generate long-term business opportunities for the Company based on 
growth in loans, deposits, customer relationships and other measurable metrics or intended to compensate employees with 
commissions on completed transactions. Total cash-based incentive compensation decreased $113 thousand compared to 2016. 

Share-based compensation expense represents expense for equity awards based on the grant-date fair value. Non-vested shares 
generally cliff vest in 3 years and are subject to a two year holding period after vesting. The number of shares that will 
ultimately vest is determined by BOKF's change in earnings per share relative to a defined group of peer banks. In addition, 
compensation costs related to certain shares is variable based on changes in the fair value of BOK Financial common shares. 
Share-based compensation expense for equity awards increased $13.1 million or 126% over 2016 primarily due to the increase 
in the vesting probability of certain performance-based share awards and the increase in the fair value of BOK Financial 
common shares. The BOK Financial market closing price was $92.32 at December 31, 2017 compared to $83.04 at December 
31. 2016.

36

 
The Company currently offers a deferred compensation plan for certain executive and senior officers. Deferred compensation 
expense totaled $4.1 million for 2017, a $2.4 million increase over the prior year. Deferred compensation expense is largely 
offset by changes in the fair value of assets held in rabbi trusts for the benefit of participants, which is included other income in 
the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Employee benefit expense increased $4.4 million or 5% compared to 2016 primarily due to increased employee medical costs. 
The Company self-insures a portion of its employee health care coverage, up to a stop-loss of $750 thousand per employee, and 
these costs may be volatile. 

Non-personnel operating expense

Non-personnel expense decreased $12.4 million or 3% compared to the prior year. 

Insurance expense decreased $12.8 million or 40%. The company received $5.1 million in credits during the second quarter of 
2017 related to the revision of certain inputs to the assessment calculation filed for years 2013 through 2016. In conjunction 
with ongoing cost reduction efforts, management performed a comprehensive review of inputs into the deposit insurance 
assessment calculation. We were able to support eligibility for the custodial bank adjustment, which allows for the deduction of 
certain qualifying low-risk assets from the deposit insurance assessment base for depository institutions with greater than $50 
billion in trust assets. The remaining decrease was primarily due to the benefit of decreased criticized and classified assets 
levels related to the stabilization of energy prices, partially offset by the full-year impact of a new surcharge for banks with 
more than $10 billion in assets that became effective in the third quarter of 2016. 

Mortgage banking expense decreased $8.5 million or 14%. Mortgage banking expense decreased $7.2 million due to the effect 
of actual residential mortgage loan prepayments on the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. As mortgage interest rates rise, 
actual prepayment speeds slow. 

Professional fees and services expense decreased $5.7 million or 10% largely due to Mobank integration costs incurred last 
year. Data processing and communications expense increased $15.1 million or 11% and net occupancy and equipment expense 
increased $6.5 million or 8%. These increases were primarily related to continued upgrades of our information technology 
infrastructure and cybersecurity. 

Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets increased $6.3 million over the prior year mainly due to a $6.0 million 
write-down of a set of oil and gas properties. 

Other expense decreased $15.5 million compared to the prior year. The prior year included $9.1 million of litigation and 
settlement expenses.  

Fourth Quarter 2017 Operating Expenses

Other operating expense for the fourth quarter of 2017 totaled $264.0 million, a decrease of $1.6 million compared to the fourth 
quarter of 2016. 

Personnel expense increased $4.2 million over the fourth quarter of 2016. Regular compensation expense decreased $4.5 
million compared to the fourth quarter of 2016 due primarily to $5.0 million in severance costs in the fourth quarter of 2016. 
Incentive compensation increased $6.5 million over the fourth quarter of 2016. Cash-based compensation was up $2.3 million 
and share-based compensation expense increased $3.3 million. 

Non-personnel expense decreased $5.8 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. Mortgage banking costs decreased $3.0 
million primarily due to the effect of actual residential mortgage loan prepayments on the fair value of mortgage servicing 
rights. Insurance expense decreased $2.2 million primarily due to the effect of certain changes in the assessment calculation. 
Data processing and communications costs were up $4.7 million, primarily related to information technology infrastructure and 
cybersecurity project costs.We also made a $2.0 million cash contribution to the BOKF Foundation during the fourth quarter of 
2017 consistent with prior year. 

37

2016 Operating Expenses

Other operating expense totaled $1.0 billion for 2016, a $121.4 million or 14% increase over 2015. Other operating expense 
included $9.1 million of litigation and settlement expenses, $7.5 million of integration costs related to the Mobank acquisition 
and $5.0 million of severance costs related to the reduction of workforce to better align expenses with expected revenue 
growth.

Personnel expense increased $37.8 million or 7%. Regular compensation expense totaled $332.7 million, up $19.3 million 
primarily due to the investment in mortgage, wealth management and technology employees. Incentive compensation expense 
increased $13.2 million or 10%, mainly due to an increase in cash based incentive compensation led by revenue growth in the 
Wealth Management segment. Employee benefit expense increased $5.3 million primarily due to employee medical costs. 

Non-personnel expense for 2016 was $83.6 million or 22% higher than 2015. Mortgage banking expense increased $22.6 
million primarily related to actual mortgage loan prepayments. Insurance expense increased $12.1 million due to higher deposit 
insurance expense related to increased criticized and classified asset levels, overall growth in bank assets, and a new surcharge 
for banks with more than $10 billion in assets. Professional fees and services expense increased $16.7 million and data 
processing and communications expense increased $9.5 million primarily related to the completion of technology projects. 

Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $182.6 million or 35.2% of net income before taxes for 2017, $106.4 million or 31.4% of net income 
before taxes for 2016 and $139.4 million or 32.3% of net income before taxes for 2015. Current year tax expense totaled $156 
million in 2017, $118 million in 2016 and $130 million in 2015. Excluding the impact of adjustments for tax reform, income 
tax expense would have been $170.9 million or 33.0% of net income before taxes for 2017.

The Tax Reform Act signed into law on December 22, 2017 is complex and extensive. Provisional adjustments to net deferred 
tax assets from a decrease in the combined federal and state income tax rate of 38.9% to 25.5% totaled $9.5 million, including 
$6.4 million of deferred tax assets related to unrealized losses on available for sale securities. We are not aware of any material 
areas where we were not able to determine provisional amounts. However, accounting for income tax effects of the Act is still 
in process and provisional adjustments recognized in 2017 may be adjusted as a result of our ongoing evaluation, including 
subsequent guidance provided by federal and state taxing authorities and other information as it becomes available. 

We have not completed our accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act. Vesting of performance-
based equity awards and other incentive compensation that will be paid to certain officers in 2018 is based on growth in our 
diluted earnings per share relative to a defined group of peer banks. We made a reasonable estimate of the effects on our related 
deferred tax balances and recognized a provisional amount of $2.2 million as a component of income tax expense to write-off 
deferred tax assets related to the compensation of certain executive officers that will no longer be deductible. However, 
information needed to complete this accounting includes actual 2017 financial results of peer banks which is not yet available. 
In addition, information necessary to make a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Tax Reform Act on the proportional 
amortization of our investments in low income housing projects was not available. 

The statute of limitations expired on uncertain tax positions during 2015, 2016, and 2017. Excluding the statute expiration, 
income tax expense would have been $184.1 million or 35.5% of net income before taxes for 2017, $108.3 million or 32.0% of 
net income before taxes for 2016 and $140.9 million or 32.6% of net income before taxes for 2015.

Net deferred tax assets totaled $15 million at December 31, 2017 compared to net deferred tax assets of $29 million at 
December 31, 2016. We have evaluated the recoverability of our deferred tax assets based on the generation of future taxable 
income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible and determined that no valuation allowance 
was required in 2017 and 2016.

Unrecognized tax benefits totaled $18.1 million at December 31, 2017 compared to $15.8 million at December 31, 2016. BOK 
Financial operates in numerous jurisdictions, which requires judgment regarding the allocation of income, expense, and 
earnings under various laws and regulations of each of these taxing jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction may audit our tax returns 
and may take different positions with respect to these allocations. 

38

Income tax expense was $54.3 million or 42.9% of net income before taxes for the fourth quarter of 2017 compared to $22.5 
million or 31.1% of net income before taxes for the fourth quarter of 2016. Income tax expense as a percentage of net income 
before taxes was higher in the fourth quarter of 2017, primarily due to tax reform. Excluding adjustments for the impact of tax 
reform, income tax expense would have been $42.7 million or 33.7% of net income before taxes for the fourth quarter of 2017. 

Table 9 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

Interest revenue

Interest expense

Net interest revenue

Provision for credit losses

Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses

Fees and commissions revenue

Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

Other operating revenue

Personnel expense

Other non-personnel expense

Total other operating expense

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

2017

First

Second

Third

Fourth

$

226,390

$

235,181

$

255,413

$

255,767

25,208

201,182

—

29,977

205,204

—

36,961

218,452

—

201,182

205,204

218,452

38,904

216,863

(7,000)

223,863

164,354

177,482

173,451

168,157

4,086

1,856

11,713

(6,943)

2,898

(639)

(7,219)

5,898

170,296

182,252

175,710

166,836

136,425

108,286

244,711

143,744

107,141

250,885

147,910

118,024

265,934

145,329

118,658

263,987

126,767

136,571

128,228

126,712

38,103

88,664

308

47,705

88,866

719

42,438

85,790

141

54,347

72,365

(127)

Net income attributable to shareholders of BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $

88,356

$

88,147

$

85,649

$

72,492

Earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

Average shares:

Basic

Diluted

$

$

1.35

1.35

$

$

1.35

1.35

$

$

1.31

1.31

$

$

1.11

1.11

64,715,964

64,729,752

64,742,822

64,793,005

64,783,737

64,793,134

64,805,172

64,843,179

39

 
Table 9 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)

Interest revenue

Interest expense

Net interest revenue

Provision for credit losses

Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses

Fees and commissions revenue

Gain (loss) on financial instruments and other assets, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

Other operating revenue

Personnel expense

Other non-personnel expense

Total other operating expense

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

Earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

Average shares:

Basic

Diluted

Net income attributable to shareholders of BOK Financial Corp. shareholders $

42,564

2016

First

Second

Third

Fourth

$

201,796

$

202,267

$

209,317

$

215,737

19,224

182,572

35,000

147,572

163,297

22,105

(27,988)

157,414

133,562

109,008

242,570

62,416

21,428

40,988

(1,576)

$

$

$

0.64

0.64

19,655

182,612

20,000

162,612

180,147

21,678

(16,283)

185,542

139,213

112,172

251,385

96,769

30,497

21,471

187,846

10,000

177,846

181,276

3,707

2,327

187,310

139,212

118,876

258,088

107,068

31,956

66,272

$

75,112

$

471

65,801

835

74,277

21,539

194,198

—

194,198

162,028

(58,025)

39,751

143,754

141,132

124,415

265,547

72,405

22,496

49,909

(117)

50,026

1.00

1.00

$

$

1.13

1.13

$

$

0.76

0.76

$

$

$

$

65,296,541

65,245,887

65,085,392

64,719,018

65,331,425

65,302,926

65,157,841

64,787,728

40

 
Lines of Business

We operate three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. Commercial 
Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products for small 
businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial banking also includes the TransFund EFT 
network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit services to small businesses 
served through our consumer branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides fiduciary 
services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites state and 
municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities.

In addition to our lines of business, we have a Funds Management unit. The primary purpose of this unit is to manage our 
overall liquidity needs and interest rate risk. Each line of business borrows funds from and provides funds to the Funds 
Management unit as needed to support their operations. Operating results for Funds Management and other include the effect of 
interest rate risk positions and risk management activities, securities gains and losses including impairment charges, the 
provision for credit losses in excess of net loans charged off, tax planning strategies and certain executive compensation costs 
that are not attributed to the lines of business. The Funds Management unit also initially recognizes accruals for loss 
contingencies when losses become probable. Actual losses are recognized by the lines of business if the accruals are settled. 

We allocate resources and evaluate the performance of our lines of business using the net direct contribution which includes the 
allocation of funds, actual net credit losses and capital costs. In addition, we measure the performance of our business lines 
after allocations of certain direct expenses and taxes based on statutory rates. 

The cost of funds borrowed from the Funds Management unit by the operating lines of business is transfer priced at rates that 
approximate market rates for funds with similar interest rate and liquidity risk characteristics. Market rates are generally based 
on the applicable LIBOR or interest rate swap rates, adjusted for prepayment risk. This method of transfer-pricing funds that 
support assets of the operating lines of business tends to insulate them from interest rate risk. 

The value of funds provided by the operating lines of business to the Funds Management unit is also based on rates which 
approximate wholesale market rates for funds with similar duration and re-pricing characteristics. Market rates are generally 
based on LIBOR or interest rate swap rates. The funds credit formula applied to deposit products with indeterminate maturities 
is established based on their re-pricing characteristics reflected in a combination of the short-term LIBOR rate and a moving 
average of an intermediate term swap rate, with an appropriate spread applied to both. Shorter duration products are weighted 
towards the short term LIBOR rate and longer duration products are weighted towards the intermediate swap rates. The 
expected duration ranges from 30 days for certain rate-sensitive deposits to five years.

Economic capital is assigned to the business units by a capital allocation model that reflects management’s assessment of 
risk. This model assigns capital based upon credit, operating, interest rate and market risk inherent in our business lines and 
recognizes the diversification benefits among the units. The level of assigned economic capital is a combination of the risk 
taken by each business line, based on its actual exposures and calibrated to its own loss history where possible. Average 
invested capital includes economic capital and amounts we have invested in the lines of business.

As shown in Table 10 following, net income attributable to our lines of business increased $106.8 million or 44% over the prior 
year. Net interest revenue grew by $111.6 million over the prior year. Other operating revenue was consistent with the prior 
year while other operating expenses decreased $20.0 million. Net charge-offs were down $19.1 million compared to the prior 
year. 

41

Table 10 – Net Income by Line of Business 
(In thousands)

Commercial Banking

Consumer Banking

Wealth Management

Subtotal

Funds Management and other

Total

Commercial Banking

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

265,147

$

210,927

$

199,516

24,444

60,304

349,895

(15,251)

18

32,174

243,119

(10,451)

23,131

29,431

252,078

36,487

$

334,644

$

232,668

$

288,565

Commercial Banking contributed $265.1 million to consolidated net income in 2017, up $54.2 million or 26% over the prior 
year. The increased contribution was largely driven by improved loan yields, growth in average balances of loans attributed to 
Commercial Banking and lower net charge-offs. 

Table 11 – Commercial Banking 
(Dollars in thousands)

Net interest revenue from external sources

Net interest expense from internal sources

Total net interest revenue

Net loans charged off (recovered)

Net interest revenue after net loans charged off (recovered)

Fees and commissions revenue

Other gains, net

Other operating revenue

Personnel expense

Non-personnel expense

Other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Gain on financial instruments, net

Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net

Corporate expense allocations

Income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Average assets

Average loans

Average deposits

Average invested capital

42

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

588,938

$

492,967

$

439,751

(84,290)

504,648

13,881

490,767

198,297

7,813

206,110

115,494

110,840

226,334

(58,781)

434,186

32,959

401,227

193,508

2,013

195,521

112,021

104,430

216,451

(52,313)

387,438

(6,748)

394,186

177,251

478

177,729

108,661

94,143

202,804

470,543

380,297

369,111

52

(2,681)

33,958

433,956

168,809

265,147

17,517,217

14,154,105

8,681,424

1,303,185

$

$

10

669

35,760

345,216

134,289

210,927

16,998,626

13,600,221

8,430,507

1,212,429

$

$

—

708

43,279

326,540

127,024

199,516

16,284,527

12,404,064

8,773,512

1,037,510

$

$

 
 
Net interest revenue increased $70.5 million or 16% over 2016. Growth in net interest revenue was due to improved yields and 
a $554 million increase in average loan balances as discussed further in the Loans section of Management's Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition. Commercial and commercial real estate loans are primarily attributed to the Commercial 
Banking segment. 

Average deposits attributed to Commercial Banking were $8.7 billion for 2017, an increase of $251 million or 3% over 2016. 
See additional discussion concerning changes in Commercial Banking deposits in the Liquidity and Capital section of 
Management's Discussion and Analysis following. 

Fees and commissions revenue increased $4.8 million or 3% over 2016. Transaction card revenue generated by the TransFund 
EFT network increased $3.8 million or 3% largely due to a $2.1 million customer early termination fee received in 2017. 
Commercial deposit service charges and fees increased $2.0 million or 5% partially offset by a decrease in Other revenue of 
$1.4 million or 5% . 

Other gains, net, of $7.8 million for 2017 was primarily due to a gain on sale of certain merchant banking investments.

Operating expense increased $9.9 million or 5% over 2016. Personnel costs increased $3.5 million or 3% primarily due to an 
increase in incentive compensation expense. Non-personnel expense increased $6.4 million or 6% over the prior year. Deposit 
insurance expense increased $6.2 million mainly due to increased granularity in allocation to the segments. Net repossession 
expense increased $4.4 million primarily due to the revaluation of certain oil and gas properties. Professional fees and services 
increased $1.6 million, data processing and communications expense increased $1.5 million and equipment expense increased 
$1.5 million primarily due to the implementation of projects. Other expense was down $9.6 million compared to the prior year 
primarily due to litigation settlements and post-acquisition valuation adjustments to a consolidated merchant banking 
investment that occurred in 2016. Corporate expense allocations decreased $1.8 million compared to the prior year.

43

Consumer Banking

Consumer Banking services are provided through four primary distribution channels:  traditional branches, the 24-hour 
ExpressBank call center, Internet banking and mobile banking. Consumer Banking also conducts mortgage banking activities 
through offices located outside of our consumer banking markets and through HomeDirect Mortgage, an online origination 
channel. 

Net income attributed to Consumer Banking totaled $24.4 million for 2017, compared to $18 thousand in the prior year. 
Changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedge, resulted in a $1.9 million decrease to pre-tax 
net income for 2017 compared to a $28.4 million decrease to pre-tax net income in 2016. 

Table 12 – Consumer Banking 
(Dollars in thousands)

Net interest revenue from external sources

Net interest revenue from internal sources

Total net interest revenue

Net loans charged off

Net interest revenue after net loans charged off

Fees and commissions revenue

Other losses, net

Other operating revenue

Personnel expense

Other non-personnel expense

Total other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Loss on financial instruments, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

Gain on repossessed assets, net

Corporate allocations

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Average assets

Average loans

Average deposits

Average invested capital

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

96,360

$

85,998

$

47,218

143,578

4,783

138,795

196,299

(68)

196,231

101,653

122,670

224,323

110,703

(3,331)

172

223

67,761

40,006

15,562

24,444

8,956,713

1,954,561

6,654,631

321,706

$

$

37,777

123,775

4,927

118,848

224,980

(178)

224,802

103,034

146,710

249,744

93,906

(26,252)

(2,193)

979

66,411

29

11

18

8,722,372

1,893,375

6,632,687

316,680

$

$

$

$

84,848

28,503

113,351

6,934

106,417

218,859

(764)

218,095

96,604

106,466

203,070

121,442

(4,712)

(4,853)

916

74,936

37,857

14,726

23,131

8,836,327

1,900,768

6,668,520

296,880

Net interest revenue from Consumer Banking activities grew by $19.8 million or 16% over 2016, primarily related to increased 
yields on deposit balances sold to the Funds Management unit. Average loans increased $61 million and average deposits 
increased $22 million. Net loans charged off by the Consumer Banking unit were largely unchanged compared 2016 at $4.8 
million. Net consumer banking charge-offs include overdrawn deposit accounts and other consumer loans.

44

 
Fees and commissions revenue decreased $28.7 million or 13% compared to the prior year. Mortgage banking revenue was 
down $29.1 million or 22% compared the prior year. Mortgage loan production volumes decreased $2.6 billion compared to 
2016, largely due to the strategic decision to exit the correspondent lending channel. Gain on sale margin remained relatively 
stable, increasing 2 basis points. Deposit service charges and fees decreased $1.3 million or 2% compared to the prior year 
primarily due to lower overdraft fees. 

Operating expense decreased $25.4 million or 10% compared to 2016. Personnel expense was down $1.4 million or 1%, 
primarily due to incentive compensation expense as mortgage production volume is down. Non-personnel expense decreased 
$24.0 million or 16%. Mortgage banking costs were down $8.6 million compared to the prior year. Mortgage banking expense 
decreased $7.2 million due to the effect of actual residential mortgage loan prepayments on the fair value of mortgage servicing 
rights. Other expense was down $11.0 million due to $11.1 million of litigation and settlement costs that occurred in 2016. 
Decreases in professional fees and services of $3.7 million and insurance of $1.8 million were partially offset by an increase in 
data processing and communications expense of $1.1 million. 

45

 
Wealth Management

Wealth Management contributed $60.3 million to consolidated net income in 2017, up $28.1 million or 87% over the prior year. 
This increase was driven by growth in both net interest revenue and fees and commissions revenue combined with lower 
operating expenses. 

Table 13 – Wealth Management 
(Dollars in thousands)

Net interest revenue from external sources

Net interest revenue from internal sources

Total net interest revenue

Net loans charged off (recovered)

Net interest revenue after net loans charged off (recovered)

Fees and commissions revenue

Other gains (losses), net

Other operating revenue

Personnel expense

Other non-personnel expense

Other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Loss on financial instruments, net

Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net

Corporate allocations

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income tax

Net income

Average assets

Average loans

Average deposits

Average invested capital

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

45,024

$

33,006

$

38,344

83,368

(696)

84,064

29,043

62,049

(801)

62,850

24,744

24,043

48,787

(1,083)

49,870

301,485

282,710

266,790

(51)

512

733

301,434

283,222

267,523

183,727

62,899

246,626

190,756

60,238

250,994

178,333

50,331

228,664

138,872

95,078

88,729

—

387

40,562

98,697

38,393

(42)

—

42,378

52,658

20,484

(204)

—

40,357

48,168

18,737

60,304

$

32,174

$

29,431

7,072,622

$

6,281,127

$

5,444,483

1,314,441

5,516,214

233,762

1,132,966

4,867,293

199,227

1,068,638

4,573,710

186,382

$

$

Net interest revenue increased $21.3 million or 34% over the prior year driven by loan growth and net interest margin 
expansion. Also, expansion of trading in mortgage-related financial instruments increased revenue by $9.2 million in 2017 
compared to 2016. Average deposit balances increased $649 million or 13% over the prior year and average loan balances were 
up $181 million or 16%. 

Fees and commissions revenue grew by $18.8 million or 7% over the prior year. Fiduciary and asset management revenue 
increased $27.4 million or 20% primarily related to increases in assets under management, improved pricing discipline and 
decreased fee waivers. Brokerage and trading revenue decreased $14.0 million compared to the prior year, excluding the 
previously noted $5.0 million effect of the unexpected increase in interest rates in the fourth quarter of 2016. The revenue 
decrease is primarily due to the effect of rising interest rates on customer activity and implementation of the DOL fiduciary rule 
in 2017.

46

 
Toward the end of 2016, we deepened our relationship with existing mortgage loan originator clients who hedge their 
production pipeline risk with us. We began buying U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities from these customers 
as part of our trading activities. This expanded product set contributed to both net interest revenue and institutional trading 
revenue in 2017.

Other operating revenue includes fees earned from state and municipal bond underwriting and financial advisory services, 
primarily in the Oklahoma and Texas markets. In 2017, the Wealth Management division participated in 279 underwritings that 
totaled $8.3 billion. As a participant, the Wealth Management division was responsible for facilitating the sale of approximately 
$2.0 billion of these underwritings. The Wealth Management division also participated in 24 corporate debt underwritings 
during 2017 that totaled $11.6 billion. Our interest in these underwritings was $274 million. In 2016, the Wealth Management 
division participated in 417 underwritings that totaled approximately $17.8 billion. Our interest in these underwritings totaled 
approximately $2.7 billion. The Wealth Management division also participated in 24 corporate debt underwritings during 2016 
that totaled $9.5 billion. Our interest in these underwritings was $223 million. 

Operating expenses decreased $4.4 million or 2% compared to the prior year. Personnel expense decreased $7.0 million or 4%, 
primarily due to a $5.3 million decrease in incentive compensation expense. Non-personnel expense was up $2.7 million or 4% 
over 2016. Data processing and communications expense increased $5.9 million over 2016 due to continued technology 
upgrades along with increases due to the growth in trust accounts and price increases from certain vendors. This increase was 
offset by decreases in professional fees and services, insurance and other expense. 

47

Financial Condition

Securities

We maintain a securities portfolio to enhance profitability, manage interest rate risk, provide liquidity and comply with 
regulatory requirements. Securities are classified as trading, held for investment, or available for sale. 

Table 14 – Securities 
(In thousands)

Trading:

U.S. government agency debentures
U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities
Asset-backed securities
Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Investment:

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities
U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale:

U.S. Treasury securities
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities
Residential mortgage-backed securities:

2017

December 31,

2016

2015

Amortized
Cost

Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

Fair
Value

$

21,188

$

21,196

$

6,238

$

6,234

$

61,366

$

61,295

393,190
13,476
23,911
11,359
463,124

$

392,673
13,559
23,885
11,363
462,676

$

309,432
14,377
—
6,843
336,890

$

310,067
14,427
—
6,900
337,628

$

10,972
31,691
—
18,235
122,264

$

10,989
31,901
—
18,219
122,404

228,186

$

230,349

$

320,364

321,225

$

365,258

$

368,910

15,891
217,716
461,793

1,000
27,182

$

$

16,242
233,444
480,035

1,000
27,080

$

$

20,777
205,004
546,145

1,000
41,050

$

$

21,473
222,795
565,493

999
40,993

$

$

26,833
205,745
597,836

1,000
56,681

$

$

27,874
232,375
629,159

995
56,817

$

$

$

$

U.S. government agencies
Private issue

5,355,148
74,311

5,309,152
93,221

5,475,351
101,192

5,460,386
115,535

5,861,096
128,111

5,898,351
139,118

Total residential mortgage-backed

securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

guaranteed by U.S. government
agencies

Other debt securities
Perpetual preferred stock
Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities:

U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

5,429,459

5,402,373

5,576,543

5,575,921

5,989,207

6,037,469

2,858,885
25,500
12,562
14,487
$ 8,369,075

2,834,961
25,481
15,767
14,916
$ 8,321,578

3,035,750
4,400
15,561
17,424
$ 8,691,728

3,017,933
4,152
18,474
18,357
$ 8,676,829

2,919,044
4,400
17,171
17,121
$ 9,004,624

2,905,796
4,151
19,672
17,833
$ 9,042,733

$

756,931

$

755,054

$

78,823

$

77,046

$

446,277

$

444,217

We maintain an inventory of trading securities in support of sales to a variety of customers, including banks, corporations, 
insurance companies, money managers and others. Trading securities increased toward the end of 2016 in response to expanded 
relationships with mortgage loan originator clients. As discussed in the Market Risk section of this report, trading activities 
involve risk of loss from adverse price movement. We mitigate this risk within board-approved limits through the use of 
derivative contracts, short-sales and other techniques. These limits remain unchanged from levels set before our expanded 
trading activities. 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities consist primarily of intermediate and long-term, fixed rate Oklahoma and Texas municipal bonds and 
taxable Texas school construction bonds. The investment security portfolio is diversified among issuers. The largest obligation 
of any single issuer is $30 million. Substantially all of these bonds are general obligations of the issuers. Approximately $99 
million of the Texas school construction bonds are also guaranteed by the Texas Permanent School Fund Guarantee Program 
supervised by the State Board of Education for the State of Texas.

Available for sale securities, which may be sold prior to maturity, are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses, net of 
deferred taxes, are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. The amortized cost of 
available for sale securities totaled $8.4 billion at December 31, 2017, a decrease of $323 million compared to December 31, 
2016. Available for sale securities consist primarily of U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities and U.S. 
government agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. Both residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities have 
credit risk from delinquency or default of the underlying loans. We mitigate this risk by primarily investing in securities issued 
by U.S. government agencies. Principal and interest payments on the underlying loans are fully guaranteed. Commercial 
mortgage-backed securities have prepayment penalties similar to commercial loans. At December 31, 2017, residential 
mortgage-backed securities represented 65% of total available for sale securities. 

A primary risk of holding residential mortgage-backed securities comes from extension during periods of rising interest rates or 
prepayment during periods of falling interest rates. We evaluate this risk through extensive modeling of risk both before making 
an investment and throughout the life of the security. Our best estimate of the duration of the combined residential mortgage-
backed securities portfolio held in investment and available for sale securities portfolios at December 31, 2017 is 3.3 
years. Management estimates the combined portfolios' duration extends to 4.1 years assuming an immediate 200 basis point 
upward shock. The estimated duration contracts to 2.9 years assuming a 50 basis point decline in the current low rate 
environment. 

The aggregate gross amount of unrealized losses on available for sale securities totaled $89 million at December 31, 2017, a 
$14 million increase compared to December 31, 2016. On a quarterly basis, we perform separate evaluations on debt and equity 
securities to determine if the unrealized losses are temporary as more fully described in Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements. No other-than-temporary impairment charges were recognized in earnings in 2017.

Certain residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and included in Fair value option securities 
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, have been segregated and designated as economic hedges of changes in the fair value of 
our mortgage servicing rights. We have elected to carry these securities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in 
current period income. These securities are held with the intent that gains or losses will offset changes in the fair value of 
mortgage servicing rights and related derivative contracts. 

We are required to hold stock as members of the Federal Reserve system and the Federal Home Loan Banks ("FHLB"). These 
restricted equity securities are carried at cost as these securities do not have a readily determined fair value because ownership 
of these shares are restricted and they lack a market. We are required to hold FHLB stock in proportion to our borrowings with 
the FHLB.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance

We have approximately $316 million of bank-owned life insurance at December 31, 2017. This investment is expected to 
provide a long-term source of earnings to support existing employee benefit programs. Approximately $288 million is held in 
separate accounts. Our separate account holdings are invested in diversified portfolios of investment-grade fixed income 
securities and cash equivalents, including U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, 
corporate debt, asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The portfolios are managed by unaffiliated 
professional managers within parameters established in the portfolio’s investment guidelines. The cash surrender value of 
certain life insurance policies is further supported by a stable value wrap, which protects against changes in the fair value of the 
investments. At December 31, 2017, the fair value of investments held in separate accounts was approximately $293 
million. As the underlying fair value of the investments held in a separate account at December 31, 2017 exceeded the net book 
value of the investments, no cash surrender value was supported by the stable value wrap. The stable value wrap is provided by 
a domestic financial institution. The remaining cash surrender value of $28 million primarily represents the cash surrender 
value of policies held in general accounts and other amounts due from various insurance companies.

49

Loans

The aggregate loan portfolio before allowance for loan losses totaled $17.2 billion at December 31, 2017, an increase of $164 
million or 1% over December 31, 2016. Commercial loans have grown by $343 million or 3% due largely to growth in energy 
and healthcare, partially offset by a decrease in services and wholesale/retail sector loan balances. Commercial real estate loans 
decreased $329 million or 9% due primarily to continued pay-down activity as borrowers took advantage of favorable long-
term rates and refinanced into the permanent market. Residential mortgage loans increased $24 million and personal loans grew 
by $126 million.

Table 15 – Loans 
(In thousands)

Commercial:

Services

Energy

Healthcare

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Other commercial and industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Multifamily

Office

Retail

Industrial

Residential construction and land development

Other commercial real estate

Total commercial real estate

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Home equity

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

$

2,986,949

$

3,108,990

$

2,784,276

$

2,391,530

$

2,282,210

2,930,156

2,314,753

1,471,256

496,774

534,087

2,497,868

2,201,916

1,576,818

514,975

490,257

3,097,328

1,883,380

1,422,064

556,729

508,754

2,860,428

1,454,969

1,440,015

532,594

416,134

2,351,760

1,274,246

1,201,364

391,751

441,890

10,733,975

10,390,824

10,252,531

9,095,670

7,943,221

980,017

831,770

691,532

573,014

117,245

286,409

903,272

798,888

761,888

871,749

135,533

337,716

751,085

637,707

796,499

563,169

160,426

350,147

704,298

415,544

666,889

428,817

143,591

369,011

576,502

411,499

586,047

243,877

206,258

391,170

3,479,987

3,809,046

3,259,033

2,728,150

2,415,353

1,043,435

1,006,820

945,336

969,951

1,062,744

197,506

732,745

199,387

743,625

196,937

734,620

205,950

773,611

181,598

807,684

Total residential mortgage

1,973,686

1,949,832

1,876,893

1,949,512

2,052,026

Personal

Total

Commercial

965,776

839,958

552,697

434,705

381,664

$

17,153,424

$ 16,989,660

$

15,941,154

$

14,208,037

$

12,792,264

Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other 
needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten 
individually and represent ongoing relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and 
market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts 
receivable, operating equipment, interests in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the 
owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the 
customer’s business. Inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life 
of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies.

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans totaled $10.7 billion or 63% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2017, an increase of $343 million or 3% 
over December 31, 2016. Energy sector loans grew by $432 million or 17% and healthcare sector loans increased $113 million 
or 5% over December 31, 2016. This growth was partially offset by a decrease of $122 million or 4% in services sector loan 
balances and $106 million or 7% decrease in wholesale/retail sector loan balances.

Table 16 presents our commercial loan portfolio distributed primarily by collateral location. Loans for which the collateral 
location is less relevant, such as unsecured loans and reserve-based energy loans, are distributed by the borrower’s primary 
operating location.

Table 16 – Commercial Loans by Collateral Location 
(In thousands)

Oklahoma

Texas

New
Mexico

Arkansas Colorado

Arizona

Kansas/
Missouri

Other

Total

$ 708,329

$ 819,272

$169,836

$

12,309

$ 325,692

$244,818

$ 300,118

$ 406,575

$ 2,986,949

533,960

1,543,888

43,439

257,780

275,919

94,045

364,956

130,490

583,115

148,444

42,648

221

3,270

92,541

25,595

4,672

326,132

8,374

68,881

133,506

136,940

267,919

69,179

62,090

69,318

44,348

85,208

77,689

402,212

930,621

320,274

65,265

2,930,156

2,314,753

1,471,256

496,774

81,051

156,676

2,404

70,876

26,617

18,820

81,152

96,491

534,087

Services

Energy

Healthcare

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Other commercial
and industrial

Total commercial

loans

$1,951,084

$3,616,351

$389,038

$ 209,263

$ 943,216

$522,618

$ 880,967

$2,221,438

$10,733,975

The majority of our commercial portfolio is located within our geographic footprint. At December 31, 2017, the Other category 
is composed primarily of California totaling $314 million or 3% of the commercial portfolio, Florida totaling $220 million or 
2% of the commercial portfolio, Louisiana totaling $162 million or 2% of the commercial portfolio and Pennsylvania totaling 
$129 million or 1% of the commercial portfolio. All other states individually represent one percent or less of the total 
commercial loan portfolio. 

Supporting the energy industry with loans to producers and other energy-related entities has been a hallmark of the Company 
since its founding and represents a large portion of our commercial loan portfolio. In addition, energy production and related 
industries have a significant impact on the economy in our primary markets. Loans collateralized by oil and gas properties are 
subject to a semi-annual engineering review by our internal staff of petroleum engineers. This review is utilized as the basis for 
developing the expected cash flows supporting the loan amount. The projected cash flows are discounted according to risk 
characteristics of the underlying oil and gas properties. Loans are evaluated to demonstrate with reasonable certainty that crude 
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids can be recovered from known oil and gas reservoirs under existing economic and 
operating conditions at current pricing levels and with existing conventional equipment and operating methods and costs. As 
part of our evaluation of credit quality, we analyze rigorous stress tests over a range of commodity prices and take proactive 
steps to mitigate risk when appropriate.

Outstanding energy loans totaled $2.9 billion or 17% of total loans at December 31, 2017. Unfunded energy loan commitments 
increased by $189 million during the year to $2.9 billion at December 31, 2017. Growth in both energy loan balances and 
unfunded commitments demonstrates the support for this industry that we maintained during the recent downturn in oil and gas 
prices. Total outstanding loan balances as a percentage of total energy loan commitments increased to 52% at December 31, 
2017, compared to 50% at December 31, 2016. Approximately $2.5 billion or 85% of energy loans were to oil and gas 
producers, a $488 million increase over December 31, 2016. The majority of this portfolio is first lien, senior secured, reserve-
based lending, which we believe is the lowest risk form of energy lending. Approximately 57% of the committed production 
loans are secured by properties primarily producing oil and 43% of the committed production loans are secured by properties 
primarily producing natural gas. Loans to borrowers in the midstream sector of the industry totaled $261 million or 9% of 
energy loans, a decrease of $3.0 million compared to the prior year. Loans to borrowers that provide services to the energy 
industry totaled $130 million or 4% of energy loans, a decrease of $56 million during 2017. Loans to other energy borrowers, 
including those engaged in wholesale or retail energy sales totaled $61 million or 2% of energy loans, an increase of $2.5 
million over the prior year.

51

 
 
The services sector of the loan portfolio totaled $3.0 billion or 17% of total loans and consists of a large number of loans to a 
variety of businesses, including governmental, educational, commercial services, consumer services and utilities. Loans to 
governmental entities totaled $556 million at December 31, 2017. Approximately $1.5 billion of the services category is made 
up of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Service sector loans are generally secured by the assets of the 
borrower with repayment coming from the cash flows of ongoing operations of the customer’s business. 

The healthcare sector of the loan portfolio totaled $2.3 billion or 13% of total loans and consists primarily of loans for the 
development and operation of senior housing and care facilities, including independent living, assisted living and skilled 
nursing. Healthcare also includes loans to hospitals and other medical service providers. Growth in the healthcare sector was 
subdued as the whole industry paused to wait for any potential impact from healthcare reform earlier in 2017.

We participate in shared national credits when appropriate to obtain or maintain business relationships with local customers. 
Shared national credits are defined by banking regulators as credits of more than $20 million and with three or more non-
affiliated banks as participants. At December 31, 2017, the outstanding principal balance of these loans totaled $4.1 billion. 
Approximately 86% of these loans are to borrowers with local market relationships. We serve as the agent lender in 
approximately 17% of our shared national credits, based on dollars committed. We hold shared credits to the same standard of 
analysis and perform the same level of review as internally originated credits. Our lending policies generally avoid loans in 
which we do not have the opportunity to maintain or achieve other business relationships with the customer. In addition to 
management’s quarterly assessment of credit risk, banking regulators annually review a sample of shared national credits for 
proper risk grading.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate represents loans for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held 
by borrowers for investment purposes. The majority of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties within our 
geographic footprint, with the larger concentrations in Texas and Oklahoma, which represent 35% and 12% of the total 
commercial real estate portfolio at December 31, 2017, respectively. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, 
demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the 
project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or 
renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates 
and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from 
underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies.

Commercial real estate loans totaled $3.5 billion or 20% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2017. The outstanding balance 
of commercial real estate loans decreased $329 million compared to 2016 due primarily to continued pay-down activity as 
borrowers took advantage of favorable long-term rates and refinanced into the permanent market and as we neared internal 
concentration limits earlier this year. We now have capacity to grow commercial real estate loans, although it will take time 
before commitments start to fund. Loans secured by industrial facilities, loans secured by retail facilities and other commercial 
real estate loans decreased compared to the prior year, partially offset by growth in loans secured by multifamily residential 
properties and office buildings. The commercial real estate loan balance as a percentage of our total loan portfolio has ranged 
from 19% to 22% over the past five years. The commercial real estate segment of our loan portfolio distributed by collateral 
location follows in Table 17.

52

Table 17 – Commercial Real Estate Loans by Collateral Location 
(In thousands)

Oklahoma

Texas

New
Mexico

Arkansas Colorado Arizona

Kansas/
Missouri

Other

Total

Multifamily

$ 112,942

$ 456,018

$ 19,186

$ 27,102

$ 70,959

$ 61,944

$ 113,156

$ 118,710

$

980,017

Office

Retail

Industrial

Residential

construction and
land
development

Other commercial

real estate

Total commercial
real estate loans

92,766

57,350

75,907

278,285

88,309

268,198

113,821

150,459

22,836

7,570

7,660

—

30,766

31,825

13,030

62,738

29,217

10,221

46,082

17,073

44,545

225,254

166,388

256,016

831,770

691,532

573,014

11,900

23,228

17,134

1,809

18,037

7,664

14,638

22,835

117,245

55,939

31,506

12,640

3,504

15,132

21,056

33,111

113,521

286,409

$ 406,804

$1,207,694

$ 273,926

$ 47,645

$ 179,749

$192,840

$ 268,605

$ 902,724

$ 3,479,987

The Other category includes California with $137 million or 4% of total commercial real estate loans and Florida with $103 
million or 3% of total commercial real estate loans. All other states individually represent less than 3% of the total commercial 
real estate loan population.

While recent changes nationally in consumer purchasing trends from brick-and-mortar store to online has created concern with 
regards to retail lending, our credit quality remains very good. The portfolio is highly diversified with no material exposure to a 
single borrower or tenant. 

Residential Mortgage and Personal

Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow 
against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second-mortgage on the customer’s 
primary residence. Personal loans consist primarily of loans to wealth management clients secured by the cash surrender value 
of insurance policies and marketable securities. It also includes direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, 
recreational and marine equipment as well as unsecured loans. Residential mortgage and personal loans are made in accordance 
with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Credit scoring is assessed based on 
significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability.

Residential mortgage loans totaled $2.0 billion, a $24 million or 1% increase compared to December 31, 2016. In general, we 
sell the majority of our fixed rate loan originations that conform to U.S. government agency standards in the secondary market 
and retain the majority of our non-conforming and adjustable-rate mortgage loans. We have no concentration in sub-prime 
residential mortgage loans. Our mortgage loan portfolio does not include payment option adjustable rate mortgage loans or 
adjustable rate mortgage loans with initial rates that are below market. Collateral for 95% of our residential mortgage portfolio 
is located within our geographic footprint. 

The majority of our permanent mortgage loan portfolio is primarily composed of various non-conforming mortgage programs 
to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and special loan programs 
for high net worth individuals or certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and are fully amortizing. The 
size of jumbo loans exceed maximums set under government sponsored entity standards, but otherwise generally conform to 
those standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 
38%. Loan-to-value ratios (“LTV”) are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the market. Special mortgage programs include 
fixed and variable rate fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare professionals. Variable rate loans are 
fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust annually thereafter.

At December 31, 2017, $198 million of permanent residential mortgage loans are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. We 
have minimal credit exposure on loans guaranteed by the agencies. This amount includes residential mortgage loans previously 
sold into GNMA mortgage pools that are eligible to be repurchased. We may repurchase these loans when certain defined 
delinquency criteria are met. Because of this repurchase right, the Company is deemed to have regained effective control over 
these loans and must include them in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Permanent residential mortgage loans guaranteed by 
U.S. government agencies decreased $1.9 million or 1% compared to December 31, 2016.

53

 
 
Home equity loans totaled $733 million at December 31, 2017, an $11 million or 1% decrease compared to December 31, 
2016. Our home equity portfolio is primarily composed of first-lien, fully amortizing home equity loans. Home equity loans 
generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 50%. The maximum loan amount available for our 
home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 10 year revolving period followed by 15 year 
term of amortizing repayments. Interest-only home equity loans have a 5 year revolving period followed by a 15 year term of 
amortizing repayments and may not be extended for any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be 
extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year revolving term subject to an update of certain credit information. 

A summary of our home equity loan portfolio at December 31, 2017 by lien position and amortizing status follows in Table 18.

Table 18 – Home Equity Loans 
(In thousands)

First lien

Junior lien

Total home equity

Revolving

Amortizing

Total

$

$

72,649

$

392,807

$

465,456

143,463

123,826

267,289

216,112

$

516,633

$

732,745

Personal loans totaled $966 million, growing by $126 million or 15% over the prior year. This growth is primarily due to loans 
to Wealth Management customers for investment in businesses that will be repaid from personal income. 

The distribution of residential mortgage and personal loans at December 31, 2017 is presented in Table 19. Residential 
mortgage loans are distributed by collateral location. Personal loans are generally distributed by borrower location.

Table 19 – Residential Mortgage and Personal Loans by Collateral Location 
(In thousands)

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage

Permanent

mortgages guaranteed
by U.S. government
agencies
Home equity

Total residential
mortgage

Oklahoma

Texas

New
Mexico

Arkansas Colorado Arizona

Kansas/
Missouri

Other

Total

$ 176,303

$429,517

$ 47,635

$ 13,533

$ 177,952

$ 97,364

$ 57,214

$ 43,917

$ 1,043,435

53,056
384,178

35,906
133,280

37,511
92,077

7,387
5,395

5,027
38,166

1,879
9,434

14,241
67,581

42,499
2,634

197,506
732,745

$ 613,537

$598,703

$ 177,223

$ 26,315

$ 221,145

$108,677

$ 139,036

$ 89,050

$ 1,973,686

Personal

$ 300,362

$401,533

$ 11,555

$ 10,118

$ 65,137

$ 48,993

$ 76,289

$ 51,789

$ 965,776

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company secondarily evaluates loan portfolio performance based on the primary geographical market managing the loan. 
Loans attributed to a geographical market may not represent the location of the borrower or the collateral. All permanent 
mortgage loans serviced by our mortgage banking unit and held for investment by BOKF, NA are centrally managed by the 
Bank of Oklahoma division.

Table 20 – Loans Managed by Primary Geographical Market
(In thousands)

Bank of Oklahoma:

Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Bank of Oklahoma

Bank of Texas:
Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Bank of Texas

Bank of Albuquerque:

Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Bank of Albuquerque

Bank of Arkansas:

Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Bank of Arkansas

Colorado State Bank & Trust:

Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Colorado State Bank & Trust

Bank of Arizona:
Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Bank of Arizona

Mobank (Kansas City):

Commercial
Commercial real estate
Residential mortgage
Personal

Total Mobank (Kansas City)

$

2017

2016

December 31,
2015

2014

2013

$

3,238,720
682,037
1,435,432
342,212
5,698,401

4,520,401
1,261,864
233,675
375,084
6,391,024

343,296
341,282
98,018
11,721
794,317

95,644
87,393
6,596
9,992
199,625

1,130,714
174,201
63,350
63,115
1,431,380

687,792
660,094
41,771
57,140
1,446,797

717,408
273,116
94,844
106,512
1,191,880

$

3,370,259
684,381
1,407,197
303,823
5,765,660

4,022,455
1,415,011
233,981
306,748
5,978,195

399,256
284,603
108,058
11,483
803,400

86,577
73,616
7,015
6,524
173,732

1,018,208
265,264
59,631
50,372
1,393,475

686,253
747,409
36,265
52,553
1,522,480

807,816
338,762
97,685
108,455
1,352,718

$

3,782,687
739,829
1,409,114
255,387
6,187,017

3,908,425
1,204,202
219,126
203,496
5,535,249

375,839
313,422
120,507
11,557
821,325

92,359
69,320
8,169
819
170,667

987,076
223,946
53,782
23,384
1,288,188

606,733
507,523
44,047
31,060
1,189,363

499,412
200,791
22,148
26,994
749,345

$

3,142,689
603,610
1,467,096
206,115
5,419,510

3,549,128
1,027,817
235,948
154,363
4,967,256

383,439
296,358
127,999
10,899
818,695

95,510
88,301
7,261
5,169
196,241

977,961
194,553
57,119
27,918
1,257,551

547,524
355,140
35,872
12,883
951,419

399,419
162,371
18,217
17,358
597,365

2,902,140
602,010
1,524,212
192,283
5,220,645

3,052,274
816,574
260,544
131,297
4,260,689

342,336
308,829
133,900
13,842
798,907

81,556
78,264
7,922
8,023
175,765

735,626
190,355
62,821
22,686
1,011,488

417,702
257,477
47,111
7,887
730,177

411,587
161,844
15,516
5,646
594,593

Total BOK Financial loans

$

17,153,424

$ 16,989,660

$

15,941,154

$

14,208,037

$

12,792,264

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 21 – Loan Maturity and Interest Rate Sensitivity at December 31, 2017 
(In thousands)

Loan maturity:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Total

Interest rate sensitivity for selected loans with:

Predetermined interest rates

Floating or adjustable interest rates

Total

Loan Commitments

Remaining Maturities of Selected Loans

Total

Within 1
Year

1-5 Years

After 5
Years

$ 10,733,975

3,479,987

$ 14,213,962

$

2,734,269

$

$

$

882,438

$

5,965,679

243,751

1,126,189

44,414

2,290,818

8,256,497

653,321

$

$

$

$

$

11,479,693

1,081,775

7,603,177

3,885,858

945,418

4,831,276

2,036,534

2,794,741

$ 14,213,962

$

1,126,189

$

8,256,498

$

4,831,275

We enter into certain off-balance sheet arrangements in the normal course of business. These arrangements include unfunded 
loan commitments which totaled $10.0 billion and standby letters of credit which totaled $648 million at December 31, 2017. 
Loan commitments may be unconditional obligations to provide financing or conditional obligations that depend on the 
borrower’s financial condition, collateral value or other factors. Standby letters of credit are unconditional commitments to 
guarantee the performance of our customer to a third party. Since some of these commitments are expected to expire before 
being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Approximately $55 
thousand of the outstanding standby letters of credit were issued on behalf of customers whose loans are nonperforming at 
December 31, 2017.

Table 22 – Off-Balance Sheet Credit Commitments 
(In thousands)

Loan commitments

Standby letters of credit

Mortgage loans sold with recourse

December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$

9,958,080

$

9,404,665

$

8,455,037

$

8,328,416

$

7,096,373

647,653

125,127

585,472

139,486

507,988

155,489

447,599

179,822

444,248

191,299

We have off-balance sheet commitments related to certain residential mortgage loans originated under community development 
loan programs that were sold to a U.S. government agency with full recourse. These mortgage loans were underwritten to 
standards approved by the agencies, including full documentation and originated under programs available only for owner-
occupied properties. We no longer sell residential mortgage loans with recourse other than obligations under standard 
representations and warranties. We are obligated to repurchase these loans for the life of these loans in the event of foreclosure 
for the unpaid principal and interest at the time of foreclosure. Substantially all of these loans are to borrowers in our primary 
markets including $75 million to borrowers in Oklahoma, $14 million to borrowers in Arkansas and $12 million to borrowers 
in New Mexico. At December 31, 2017, approximately 3% of these loans were nonperforming and 7% were past due 30 to 89 
days. A separate accrual for credit risk of $3.7 million is available to absorb losses on these loans.

We also have an off-balance sheet obligation to repurchase residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored entities 
through our mortgage banking activities due to standard representations and warranties made under contractual agreements and 
to service loans in accordance with investor guidelines. The Company has established accruals for losses related to these 
obligations that are included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and in Mortgage banking costs in the 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

In 2017, the Company repurchased 18 loans from the agencies for $3.5 million and paid indemnification for 11 loans. Losses 
on both repurchases and indemnifications were insignificant. For the period from 2010 through 2017, approximately 21% of 
repurchase requests have currently resulted in actual repurchases or indemnification by the Company. 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A summary of unresolved deficiency requests from U.S. government agencies follows (in thousands, except for number of 
unresolved deficiency requests):

Table 23 -  Summary of Unresolved Deficiency Requests 
(In thousands, except number of unresolved deficiency requests)

Number of unresolved deficiency requests

191

Aggregate outstanding principal balance subject to unresolved deficiency requests

$

9,737

$

Unpaid principal balance subject to indemnification by the Company

4,519

233

17,382

5,803

The accrual for credit losses related to potential loan repurchases under representations and warranties totaled $1.4 million at 
December 31, 2017 and $2.8 million at December 31, 2016. 

December 31,

2017

2016

Customer Derivative Programs

We offer programs that permit our customers to hedge various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and other 
agricultural product prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates. Each of these programs work essentially the same 
way. Derivative contracts are executed between the customers and the Company. Offsetting contracts are executed between the 
Company and selected counterparties or exchanges to minimize market risk to us from changes in commodity prices, interest 
rates or foreign exchange rates. The counterparty contracts are identical to the customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing 
spread or a fee paid to us as compensation for administrative costs, credit risk and profit.

The customer derivative programs create credit risk for potential amounts due to the Company from our customers and from 
the counterparties. Customer credit risk is monitored through existing credit policies and procedures. The effects of changes in 
commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates are evaluated across a range of possible options to determine the 
maximum exposure we are willing to have individually to any customer. Customers may also be required to provide cash 
margin or other collateral in conjunction with our credit agreements to further limit our credit risk.

Counterparty credit risk is evaluated through existing policies and procedures. This evaluation considers the total relationship 
between BOK Financial and each of the counterparties. Individual limits are established by management, approved by Credit 
Administration and reviewed by the Asset/Liability Committee. Margin collateral is required if the exposure between the 
Company and any counterparty exceeds established limits. Based on declines in the counterparties’ credit ratings, these limits 
may be reduced and additional margin collateral may be required.

A deterioration of the credit standing of one or more of the customers or counter-parties to these contracts may result in BOK 
Financial recognizing a loss as the fair value of the affected contracts may no longer move in tandem with the offsetting 
contracts. This occurs if the credit standing of the customer or counterparty deteriorated such that either the fair value of 
underlying collateral no longer supports the contract or the customer or counterparty’s ability to provide margin collateral was 
impaired. Credit losses on customer derivatives reduce brokerage and trading revenue in the Consolidated Statements of 
Earnings.

Derivative contracts are carried at fair value. At December 31, 2017, the net fair values of derivative contracts, before 
consideration of cash margin, reported as assets under these programs totaled $225 million compared to $690 million at 
December 31, 2016. Derivative contracts carried as assets include foreign exchange contracts with fair values of $130 million, 
energy contracts with fair values of $55 million, interest rate swaps primarily sold to loan customers with fair values of $28 
million, to-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities with fair values of $5.5 million and equity option contracts 
with fair values of $5.5 million. Before consideration of cash margin paid to counterparties, the aggregate net fair values of 
derivative contracts held under these programs reported as liabilities totaled $214 million.

At December 31, 2017, total derivative assets were reduced by $6.5 million of cash collateral received from counterparties and 
total derivative liabilities were reduced by $56 million of cash collateral paid to counterparties related to instruments executed 
with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement.

A table showing the notional and fair value of derivative assets and liabilities on both a gross and net basis is presented in Note 
3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

57

 
The fair value of derivative contracts reported as assets under these programs, net of cash margin held by the Company, by 
category of debtor at December 31, 2017 follows in Table 24.

Table 24 – Fair Value of Derivative Contracts 
(In thousands)

Customers

Banks and other financial institutions

Exchanges and clearing organizations

Fair value of customer hedge asset derivative contracts, net

$

114,566

95,356

8,179

$

218,101

The largest exposure to a single counterparty was to an exchange organization for interest rate swaps which totaled $7.9 million 
at December 31, 2017. 

Our customer derivative program also introduces liquidity and capital risk. We are required to provide cash margin to certain 
counterparties when the net negative fair value of the contracts exceeds established limits. Also, changes in commodity prices 
affect the amount of regulatory capital we are required to hold as support for the fair value of our derivative assets. These risks 
are modeled as part of the management of these programs. Based on current prices, a decrease in market prices equivalent to 
$29.96 per barrel of oil would decrease the fair value of derivative assets by $33 million. An increase in prices equivalent to 
$83.53 per barrel of oil would increase the fair value of derivative assets by $366 million. Liquidity requirements of this 
program are also affected by our credit rating. A decrease in credit rating to below investment grade would increase our 
obligation to post cash margin on existing contracts by approximately $10 million. The fair value of our to-be-announced 
residential mortgage-backed securities and interest rate swap derivative contracts is affected by changes in interest rates. Based 
on our assessment as of December 31, 2017, changes in interest rates would not materially impact regulatory capital or liquidity 
needed to support this portion of our customer derivative program.

Summary of Loan Loss Experience

We maintain an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. At December 31, 2017, the combined 
allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk totaled $234 million or 1.37% of outstanding loans and 
131% of nonaccruing loans, excluding loans guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies. The allowance for loan losses was $231 
million and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk was $3.7 million. At December 31, 2016, the combined allowance for 
credit losses was $257 million or 1.52% of outstanding loans and 117% of nonaccruing loans, excluding loans guaranteed by 
U.S. Government agencies. The allowance for loan losses was $246 million and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk was 
$11.2 million. 

The provision for credit losses is the amount necessary to maintain the allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance 
sheet credit risk at an amount determined by management to be appropriate based on its evaluation. The provision includes the 
combined charge or credit to expense for both the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. All 
losses incurred from lending activities will ultimately be reflected in charge-offs against the allowance for loan losses following 
funds advanced against outstanding commitments. Based on an evaluation of all credit factors, including sustained 
improvement in nonaccruing and potential problem loans and net charge-offs during the year, the Company determined that a 
$7.0 million negative provision for credit losses was appropriate.

Based on currently available information, such as historical credit factors by loan type and other qualitative and environmental 
factors, including the results of our energy stress testing, we anticipate continued improvement in credit quality in the first half 
of 2018.

58

 
Table 25 – Summary of Loan Loss Experience 
(In thousands)

Allowance for loan losses:

Beginning balance

Loans charged off:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Recoveries of loans previously charged off:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Net loans recovered (charged off )

Provision for loan losses

Ending balance

Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk:

Beginning balance

Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk

Ending balance

Total combined provision for credit losses

Allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding at period end

Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans

Total provision for credit losses to average loans

Recoveries to gross charge-offs

Allowance for loan losses as a multiple of net charge-offs

Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk to off-balance sheet

credit commitments

Combined allowance for credit losses to loans outstanding at

period-end

Allowance for Loan Losses

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$ 246,159

$ 225,524

$

189,056

$ 185,396

$ 215,507

(19,810)

(35,828)

(6,734)

(944)

(2,205)

(5,288)

(3,569)

(2,047)

(4,448)

(6,168)

(6,335)

(5,845)

(5,753)

(7,349)

(42,588)

(15,171)

(16,232)

(25,282)

(76)

(649)

(5,064)

(25,599)

4,461

1,940

760

2,451

9,612

—

(1,312)

(5,448)

1,727

1,283

1,999

2,747

7,756

(15,987)

510

(34,832)

55,467

$ 230,682

$ 246,159

$

$

$

11,244

(7,510)

3,734

(7,000)

$

$

$

1,711

9,533

11,244

65,000

$

$

$

$

1.34 %

0.09 %

(0.04)%

37.55 %

14.43x

1.45%

0.21%

0.40%

18.21%

7.07x

2,729

11,079

1,260

3,052

18,120

2,949

33,519

5,703

7,003

2,000

4,328

19,034

2,802

858

7,488

9,420

1,558

4,778

23,244

(2,038)

(28,073)

225,524

$ 189,056

$ 185,396

1,230

481

1,711

34,000

1.41 %

(0.02)%

0.23 %

119.44 %

(76.47)x

$

$

$

2,088

(858)

1,230

$

$

1,915

173

2,088

— $ (27,900)

1.33 %

(0.02)%

— %

117.26 %

(67.47)x

1.45 %

0.02 %

(0.23)%

91.94 %

90.97x

0.04 %

0.11%

0.02 %

0.01 %

0.03 %

1.37 %

1.52%

1.43 %

1.34 %

1.47 %

The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses is assessed by management based on an ongoing quarterly evaluation of 
the probable estimated losses inherent in the portfolio. The allowance consists of specific allowances attributed to certain 
impaired loans, general allowances based on estimated loss rates by loan class and non-specific allowances based on general 
economic conditions, concentration in loans with large balances and other relevant factors.

Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due according to the original 
contractual terms of the loan agreements. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in trouble debt restructurings 
and all government guaranteed loans repurchased from GNMA pools. At December 31, 2017, impaired loans totaled $376 
million, including $51 million with specific allowances of $8.8 million and $325 million with no specific allowances because 
the loan balances represent the amounts we expect to recover. Our most recently completed energy portfolio redetermination 
supported that $41 million of impaired energy loans required no allowance for credit losses based on the adequacy of collateral. 
In addition, $43 million of impaired energy loans are current on all payments due. At December 31, 2016, impaired loans 
totaled $419 million, including $11 million of impaired loans with specific allowances of $843 thousand and $407 million with 
no specific allowances. 

59

 
 
 
General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on an estimated loss rate by loan class. Estimated loss rates for risk-graded 
loans are either increased or decreased based on changes in risk grading for each loan class. Estimated loss rates for both risk-
graded and non-risk graded loans may be further adjusted for inherent risks identified for the given loan class which have not 
yet been captured in the loss rate.

The aggregate amount of general allowances for all unimpaired loans totaled $200 million at December 31, 2017, compared to 
$217 million at December 31, 2016. The general allowance for the commercial loan portfolio segment decreased by $24 
million, primarily related to improved risk grading of energy loans. The general allowance for the commercial real estate loan 
portfolio segment increased $5.9 million over December 31, 2016 primarily due to increased inherent risk in retail, office and 
multifamily loans. The general allowance for residential mortgage loans increased $273 thousand and the general allowance for 
personal loans increased $351 thousand over the prior year.

Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These 
factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentrations in loans with large balances and other 
relevant factors. Nonspecific allowances totaled $22 million at December 31, 2017, down from $28 million at December 31, 
2016. The nonspecific allowance decreased due to decreased concentration in loans with large balances and improving 
economic trends in our primary geographical lending areas, offset by the estimated impact of Hurricane Harvey in the Houston, 
Texas area.

An allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category follows in Table 26.

Table 26 – Allowance for Loan Losses Allocation 
(Dollars in thousands)

2017

2016

December 31,

2015

2014

2013

Allowance

% of 
Loans1

Allowance

% of 
Loans1

Allowance

% of 
Loans1

Allowance

% of 
Loans1

Allowance

% of 
Loans1

Loan category:

Commercial

$ 124,269

62.58% $ 140,213

61.16% $ 130,334

64.32% $

90,875

64.02% $

79,180

62.10%

Commercial
real estate

Residential
mortgage

Personal

Nonspecific
allowance

56,621

20.29%

50,749

22.42%

41,391

20.44%

42,445

19.20%

41,573

18.88%

11.50%

5.63%

18,451

9,124

22,217

18,224

8,773

28,200

11.48%

4.94%

19,509

4,164

30,126

11.77%

3.47%

13.72%

3.06%

23,458

4,233

28,045

16.04%

2.98%

29,465

6,965

28,213

Total

$ 230,682

100.00% $ 246,159

100.00% $ 225,524

100.00% $ 189,056

100.00% $ 185,396

100.00%

1 Represents ratio of loan category balance to total loans.

Our loan monitoring process also identified certain accruing substandard loans, based on regulatory guidelines, that possess 
more than the normal amount of risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or the value of the 
collateral. Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, and no loss 
of principal or interest is anticipated, these loans were not included in nonperforming assets. Known information does, 
however, cause management concern as to the borrowers’ continued ability to comply with current repayment terms. These 
potential problem loans totaled $241 million at December 31, 2017 composed primarily of $145 million or 5% of energy loans, 
$43 million or less than 2% of healthcare loans, $27 million or 1% of services loans and $11 million or 2% of manufacturing 
loans. Potential problem loans totaled $399 million at December 31, 2016.

Our loan monitoring process also identified loans considered to be "other loans especially mentioned" based on regulatory 
guidelines. Other loans especially mentioned are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement, but may have a 
weakness that deserves management's close attention. Other loans especially mentioned totaled $118 million at December 31, 
2017 and were composed primarily of $60 million or 2% of energy loans, $19 million or 1% of wholesale/retail sector loans 
and $14 million or less than 1% of service sector loans. Other loans especially mentioned totaled $230 million at December 31, 
2016. 

60

We updated our semi-annual energy loan portfolio stress test as of December 31, 2017 to estimate how the energy portfolio 
may respond in a prolonged low-price environment. Stress test assumptions applied the five year forward pricing curve to a 
starting price of $2.17 per million BTUs for natural gas and $45.88 per barrel of oil and then escalating 3% annually for years 
six through ten to a maximum of $2.67 and $47.26, respectively. 

Net Loans Charged Off

Loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer 
covered by the paying capacity of the borrower based on an evaluation of available cash resources and collateral 
value. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated quarterly and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is 
identified. Non-risk graded loans are generally charged off when payments are between 60 days and 180 days past due, 
depending on loan class. In addition, non-risk graded loans are generally charged-down to collateral value within 60 days of 
being notified of a borrower's bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status.

BOK Financial had net loans charged off of $16.0 million or 0.09% of average loans for 2017, compared to net loans charged 
off of $34.8 million or 0.21% of average loans in 2016. 

Net commercial loans charged off totaled $15.3 million, primarily from $11.9 million of net charge-offs from healthcare sector 
loans and $5.1 million of net charge-offs from energy sector loans, partially offset by $749 thousand of net recoveries from 
service sector loans. Net commercial real estate loan recoveries totaled $1.9 million. Net recoveries of residential mortgage 
loans totaled $111 thousand for the year and net charge-offs of personal loans were $2.6 million.

61

$

$

$

Table 26 – Nonperforming Assets
(In thousands)

Nonaccruing loans:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total nonaccruing loans

Accruing renegotiated loans guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Real estate and other repossessed assets:

Guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1
Other

Real estate and other repossessed assets

Total nonperforming assets

Total nonperforming assets excluding those
guaranteed by U.S. government agencies

Nonaccruing loans by loan class:

Commercial:

Services

Energy

Healthcare

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Other commercial and industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Multifamily

Office

Retail

Industrial

Residential construction and land development

Other commercial real estate

Total commercial real estate

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

Personal

Total nonaccruing loans

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

$

137,303

$

178,953

$

76,424

$

2,855

47,447

269

5,521

46,220

290

187,874

230,984

9,001

61,240

463

147,128

73,994

81,370

74,049

—

28,437

28,437

290,305

207,132

—

44,287

44,287

356,641

263,425

$

$

$

$

—

30,731

30,731

251,908

155,959

2,620

$

8,173

$

92,284

14,765

2,574

5,962

19,098

137,303

—

275

276

—

1,832

472

2,855

132,499

825

11,407

4,931

21,118

38

426

326

76

3,433

1,222

5,521

25,193

22,855

9,179

13,075

47,447

269

11,846

11,519

46,220

290

$

$

$

$

13,527

18,557

48,121

566

80,771

73,985

49,898

51,963

101,861

256,617

129,022

5,201

1,416

1,380

4,149

450

931

16,760

40,850

42,320

1,219

101,149

54,322

37,431

54,841

92,272

247,743

155,213

4,922

1,860

1,586

6,969

592

831

$

$

$

10,290

61,189

1,072

2,919

331

623

274

651

1,319

76

4,409

2,272

9,001

28,984

21,900

10,356

61,240

463

—

3,420

3,926

—

5,299

5,912

18,557

34,845

3,712

9,564

48,121

566

7

6,391

4,857

252

17,377

11,966

40,850

34,279

777

7,264

42,320

1,219

178,953

76,424

13,527

16,760

$

187,874

$

230,984

$

147,128

$

80,771

$

101,149

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 26 – Nonperforming Assets
(In thousands)

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

Allowance for loan losses to nonaccruing loans2
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due2
Foregone interest on nonaccruing loans3
5,361
1  Approximately $50 million was reclassified from Real estate and other repossessed assets to Receivables on the balance sheet on January 

129.09%

112.33%

180.09%

245.34%

16,496

15,990

1,415

8,170

7,432

1,207

125

633

$

$

$

5

$

$

184.71%

1, 2015 with the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Update No. 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-
Guaranteed Mortgage Loans Upon Foreclosure ("ASU 2014-14"). With the implementation of ASU 2014-14, upon foreclosure of loans 
for which the loan balance is expected to be recovered from the guarantee by a U.S. government agency, the loan balance is directly 
reclassified to other receivables without including such foreclosed assets in real estate and other repossessed assets. 

2  Excludes residential mortgages guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.
3  Interest collected and recognized on nonaccruing loans was not significant in 2017 and previous years.

Nonperforming assets totaled $290 million or 1.69% of outstanding loans and repossessed assets at December 31, 2017, a $66 
million decrease compared to the prior year. Nonaccruing loans totaled $188 million, accruing renegotiated residential 
mortgage loans totaled $74 million and real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $28 million. All accruing renegotiated 
residential mortgage loans and $9.2 million of nonaccruing loans are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Excluding 
assets guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, nonperforming assets decreased $56 million to $207 million or 1.22% of 
outstanding non-guaranteed loans and repossessed assets. The decrease was primarily due to nonaccruing energy loans and real 
estate and other repossessed assets. The Company generally retains nonperforming assets to maximize potential recovery, 
which may cause future nonperforming assets to decrease more slowly.

Loans are generally classified as nonaccruing when it becomes probable that we will not collect the full contractual principal 
and interest. As more fully discussed in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we may modify loans in a troubled 
debt restructuring. Modifications may include extension of payment terms and rate concessions. We generally do not forgive 
principal or accrued but unpaid interest. All loans modified in troubled debt restructurings, except residential mortgage loans 
guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are classified as nonaccruing. We may renew matured nonaccruing loans. All 
nonaccruing loans, including those renewed or modified in troubled debt restructurings, are charged off when the loan balance 
is no longer covered by the paying capacity of the borrower based on a quarterly evaluation of available cash resources and 
collateral value. All nonaccruing loans generally remain on nonaccruing status until full collection of principal and interest in 
accordance with the original terms, including principal previously charged off, is probable. We generally do not voluntarily 
modify personal loans to troubled borrowers. Personal loans modified at the direction of bankruptcy court orders are identified 
as troubled debt restructurings and classified as nonaccruing. 

As of December 31, 2017, renegotiated loans consist solely of accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. 
government agencies that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings. Generally, we modify residential mortgage loans 
primarily by reducing interest rates and extending the number of payments in accordance with U.S. government agency 
guidelines. No unpaid principal or interest is forgiven. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified terms of the 
loan. Modified loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies under residential mortgage loan programs may be sold once they 
become eligible according to U.S. government agency guidelines. 

63

A rollforward of nonperforming assets for the year ended December 31, 2017 follows in Table 28.

Table 28 – Rollforward of Nonperforming Assets 
(In thousands)

Balance, December 31, 2016

Additions

Net transfer from premises and equipment

Payments

Charge-offs

Net losses and write-downs

Foreclosure of nonaccruing loans

Foreclosure of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies

Proceeds from sales

Net transfers to nonaccruing loans

Return to accrual status

Other, net

Balance, December 31, 2017

Year Ended December 31, 2017

Nonaccruing 
Loans

Renegotiated 
Loans

Real Estate
and Other
Repossessed
Assets

Total
Nonperforming
Assets

$

230,984

$

81,370

$

44,287

$

138,632

—

(137,879)

(25,599)

—

(6,060)

(5,881)

—

205

(6,598)

70

56,562

—

(3,090)

—

—

—

(7,023)

(54,721)

(205)

—

1,101

—

1,307

—

—

(1,951)

6,060

—

(19,073)

—

—

(2,193)

356,641

195,194

1,307

(140,969)

(25,599)

(1,951)

—

(12,904)

(73,794)

—

(6,598)

(1,022)

$

187,874

$

73,994

$

28,437

$

290,305

We foreclose on loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies in accordance with agency guidelines. Generally these loans 
are not eligible for modification programs or have failed to comply with modified loan terms. Principal is guaranteed by 
agencies of the U.S. government, subject to limitations and credit risk is minimal. At foreclosure, these amounts are transferred 
to claims receivable accounts. These properties will be conveyed to the agencies and receivables collected once applicable 
criteria have been met. 

Nonaccruing loans totaled $188 million or 1.10% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2017, compared to $231 million or 
1.36% of outstanding loans at December 31, 2016. Nonaccruing loans decreased $43 million compared to December 31, 2016. 
Newly identified nonaccruing loans totaled $139 million for 2017, partially offset by $138 million of payments, $26 million of 
charge-offs and $6.1 million of foreclosures.

Commercial

Nonaccruing commercial loans totaled $137 million or 1.28% of total commercial loans at December 31, 2017, down from 
$179 million or 1.72% of total commercial loans at December 31, 2016. Newly identified nonaccruing commercial loans 
totaled $109 million, offset by $125 million in payments, $20 million of charge-offs and $329 thousand of repossessions.  

Nonaccruing commercial loans at December 31, 2017 were primarily composed of $92 million or 3.15% of total energy loans, 
$19 million or 3.58% of other commercial and industrial loans and $15 million or 0.64% of healthcare sector loans. 

Commercial Real Estate

Nonaccruing commercial real estate loans were $2.9 million or 0.08% of outstanding commercial real estate loans at 
December 31, 2017, compared to $5.5 million or 0.14% of outstanding commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2016. The 
$2.7 million decrease was primarily due to $4.7 million of cash payments received, $1.1 million of foreclosures and $76 
thousand of charge-offs, partially offset by $3.2 million of newly identified commercial real estate loans during the year. 

Nonaccruing commercial real estate loans were composed of $1.8 million or 1.56% of total residential land development and 
construction loans.

64

 
 
 
 
Residential Mortgage and Personal

Nonaccruing residential mortgage loans totaled $47 million or 2.40% of outstanding residential mortgage loans at 
December 31, 2017, compared to $46 million or 2.37% of outstanding residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2016. Newly 
identified nonaccruing residential mortgage loans of $21 million were offset by $11 million of foreclosures, $8.2 million of 
cash payments and $649 thousand of loans charged off during the year. Nonaccruing residential mortgage loans primarily 
consisted of $25 million or 2.41% of non-guaranteed permanent residential mortgage loans and $13 million or 1.78% of total 
home equity loans. 

Payments on accruing residential mortgage loans and personal loans may be delinquent. The composition of residential 
mortgage loans and personal loans past due but still accruing is included in the following Table 29. Substantially all non-
guaranteed residential loans past due 90 days or more are nonaccruing. At December 31, 2017, residential mortgage loans 30 to 
59 days past due of $5.6 million was largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Residential mortgage loans 60 to 89 days 
past due decreased $958 thousand from December 31, 2016. Personal loans 30 to 59 days past due increased $92 thousand and 
personal loans 60 to 89 days past due decreased $72 thousand compared to December 31, 2016. Personal loans 90 days or more 
past due increased $256 thousand.

Table 29 – Residential Mortgage and Personal Loans Past Due 
(In thousands)

December 31, 2017
60 to 89
Days

90 Days
or More

30 to 59
Days

Residential mortgage:
   Permanent mortgage1

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

$

$

— $
17
17

$

219
440
659

$

$

3,435
2,206
5,641

Personal
1  Excludes past due residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

261

191

$

$

$

681

December 31, 2016

90 Days
or More

60 to 89
Days

30 to 59
Days

$

$

$

— $
—
— $

1,280
337
1,617

5

$

263

$

$

$

3,299
2,276
5,575

589

Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets

Real estate and other repossessed assets are assets acquired in partial or total forgiveness of loans. The assets are carried at the 
lower of cost as determined by fair value at date of foreclosure or current fair value, less estimated selling costs.

Real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $28 million at December 31, 2017, composed primarily of $18 million of oil 
and gas properties, $5.9 million of 1-4 family residential properties and $4.2 million of undeveloped land primarily zoned for 
commercial development. The residential properties and undeveloped land are widely disbursed across our geographical 
footprint. Real estate and other repossessed assets decreased $16 million compared to December 31, 2016. 

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital

Based on the average balances for 2017, approximately 67% of our funding was provided by deposit accounts, 19% from 
borrowed funds, less than 1% from long-term subordinated debt and 10% from equity. Our funding sources, which primarily 
include deposits and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks, provide adequate liquidity to meet our operating needs.

Subsidiary Bank

Deposits and borrowed funds are the primary sources of liquidity for the Bank. Deposit accounts represent our largest funding 
source. We compete for retail and commercial deposits by offering a broad range of products and services and focusing on 
customer convenience. Retail deposit growth is supported through personal and small business checking, online bill paying 
services, mobile banking services, an extensive network of branch locations and ATMs and our Express Bank call 
center. Commercial deposit growth is supported by offering treasury management and lockbox services. We also acquire 
brokered deposits when the cost of funds is advantageous to other funding sources.

Table 30 - Average Deposits by Line of Business 
(In thousands)

Commercial Banking

Consumer Banking

Wealth Management

Subtotal

Funds Management and other

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$

8,681,424

$

8,430,507

6,654,631

5,516,214

6,632,687

4,867,293

20,852,269

19,930,487

1,332,512

$

962,086

$ 22,184,781

$ 20,892,573

Average deposits for 2017 totaled $22.2 billion and represented approximately 67% of total liabilities and capital compared 
with $20.9 billion and 65% of total liabilities and capital for 2016. Average deposits increased $1.3 billion over the prior year, 
including $491 million related to the full-year impact of the Mobank acquisition. Demand deposits grew by $839 million and 
interest-bearing transaction deposit account balances increased by $475 million, partially offset by a $66 million decrease in 
time deposits. 

Average deposits attributed to Commercial Banking were $8.7 billion for 2017, a $251 million or 3% increase over 2016. 
Growth in demand and time deposit balances was partially offset by decreased interest-bearing transaction account balances. 
Average balances attributed to our commercial & industrial loan customers increased $127 million or 3% and small business 
banking customer balances increased $117 million or 9%. Average balances attributed to our energy customers increased $33 
million or 2%. Average balances attributed to commercial real estate customers were up $27 million or 6%. This growth was 
partially offset as average balances attributed to our healthcare customers decreased $54 million or 8% and treasury services 
account balances decreased $22 million or 20%. Commercial customers continue to retain large cash reserves primarily due to 
a combination of factors including uncertainty about the economic environment and potential for growth, lack of preferable 
liquid alternatives and a desire to minimize deposit service charges through the earnings credit. The earnings credit is a non-
cash method that enables commercial customers to offset deposit service charges based on account balances. Commercial 
deposit balances may decrease once the economic outlook improves and customers deploy cash or related earnings credit rates 
rise, reducing the amount of deposits required to offset service charges. 

Average Consumer Banking deposit balances were largely unchanged compared to the prior year. Average demand deposit 
balances grew by $92 million or 6%. Average savings account balances were up $39 million or 10% and average interest-
bearing transaction accounts increased $30 million or 1%. Higher costing time deposit balances decreased $139 million or 
12%. Average Wealth Management deposit balances grew by $649 million or 13% over the prior year. Interest-bearing 
transaction balances increased $420 million or 14%. Non-interest-bearing demand deposits increased $165 million or 14%, and 
time deposit balances were up $62 million or 9%. 

The general trend of increased deposits over the past several years reflects modest growth in the overall economy and low 
short-term interest rates. If economic activity were to improve significantly, deposits may decline as customers deploy funds 
into projects. In addition, if short-term interest rates were to increase further, customers could shift deposits from non-interest 
bearing demand deposits into interest-bearing alternatives.  

66

 
Table 31 - Maturity of Domestic CDs and Public
 Funds in Amounts of $100,000 or More
(In thousands)

Months to maturity:

3 or less

Over 3 through 6

Over 6 through 12

Over 12

Total

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

368,584

$

278,607

253,277

661,074

295,755

243,210

315,506

590,981

1,561,542

$

1,445,452

Brokered deposits included in time deposits averaged $588 million for 2017, compared to $495 million for 2016. Brokered 
deposits included in time deposits totaled $573 million at December 31, 2017 and $514 million at December 31, 2016. 

Average interest-bearing transaction accounts for 2017 included $1.4 billion of brokered deposits compared to $732 million for 
2016. Brokered deposits included in interest-bearing transaction accounts totaled $1.5 billion at December 31, 2017 and $1.3 
billion at December 31, 2016. The increase in brokered interest-bearing transaction account balances was primarily due to use 
of a reciprocal program by Wealth Management that spreads large customer deposits among participating banks in amounts that 
qualify for FDIC insurance. In exchange, we also receive deposits from participating banks in amounts that qualify for FDIC 
insurance. Our increased use of this reciprocal program has enabled us to reduce the amount of deposits we are required to 
collateralize, thereby improving liquidity. In addition, non-reciprocal brokered interest-bearing transaction accounts attributed 
to Funds Management and Other increased during the year. 

67

The distribution of our period end deposit account balances among principal markets follows in Table 32.

Table 31 -- Period End Deposits by Principal Market Area

(In thousands)

Bank of Oklahoma:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

Total Bank of Oklahoma

Bank of Texas:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

Total Bank of Texas

Bank of Albuquerque:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

$

3,885,008

$

3,993,170

$

4,133,520

$ 3,828,819

$

3,432,940

5,901,293

265,870

1,092,133

7,259,296

6,345,536

241,696

1,118,355

7,705,587

5,971,819

6,117,886

226,733

1,202,274

7,400,826

206,357

1,301,194

7,625,437

6,318,045

191,880

1,214,507

7,724,432

11,144,304

11,698,757

11,534,346

11,454,256

11,157,372

3,239,098

3,137,009

2,627,764

2,639,732

2,481,603

2,397,071

2,388,812

2,132,099

2,065,723

1,966,580

93,620

502,879

2,993,570

6,232,668

83,101

535,642

3,007,555

6,144,564

77,902

549,740

2,759,741

5,387,505

72,037

547,316

2,685,076

5,324,808

64,632

638,465

2,669,677

5,151,280

663,353

627,979

487,286

487,819

502,395

552,393

55,647

216,743

824,783

590,571

49,963

238,408

878,942

563,723

43,672

267,821

875,216

519,544

37,471

295,798

852,813

529,140

33,944

327,281

890,365

Total Bank of Albuquerque

1,488,136

1,506,921

1,362,502

1,340,632

1,392,760

Bank of Arkansas:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

Total Bank of Arkansas

30,384

26,389

27,252

35,996

38,566

85,095

1,881

14,045

101,021

131,405

105,232

2,192

16,696

124,120

150,509

202,857

1,747

24,983

229,587

256,839

158,115

1,936

28,520

188,571

224,567

144,018

1,986

32,949

178,953

217,519

68

 
 
Table 31 -- Period End Deposits by Principal Market Area

(In thousands)

Colorado State Bank & Trust:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

December 31,

633,714

576,000

497,318

445,755

409,942

657,629

35,223

224,962

917,814

616,679

32,866

242,782

892,327

616,697

31,927

296,224

944,848

631,874

29,811

353,998

1,015,683

1,461,438

541,675

26,880

407,088

975,643

1,385,585

Total Colorado State Bank & Trust

1,551,528

1,468,327

1,442,166

Bank of Arizona:

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

Total Bank of Arizona

Mobank (Kansas City):

Demand

Interest-bearing:

Transaction

Savings

Time

Total interest-bearing

Total Mobank (Kansas City)

334,701

366,755

326,324

369,115

204,092

274,846

3,343

20,394

298,583

633,284

305,099

2,973

27,765

335,837

702,592

358,556

2,893

29,498

390,947

717,271

347,214

2,545

36,680

386,439

755,554

364,736

2,432

34,391

401,559

605,651

457,080

508,418

197,424

259,121

246,739

382,066

13,574

27,260

422,900

879,980

513,176

12,679

42,152

568,007

1,076,425

153,203

1,378

35,524

190,105

387,529

273,999

1,274

45,210

320,483

579,604

69,857

1,252

41,312

112,421

359,160

Total BOK Financial deposits

$

22,061,305

$

22,748,095

$ 21,088,158

$ 21,140,859

$

20,269,327

See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of other borrowings.

In addition to deposits, liquidity for the Bank is provided primarily by federal funds purchased, securities repurchase 
agreements and Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings. Federal funds purchased consist primarily of unsecured, overnight funds 
acquired from other financial institutions. Funds are primarily purchased from bankers’ banks and Federal Home Loan Banks 
from across the country. There were no wholesale federal funds purchased outstanding at December 31, 2017. Securities 
repurchase agreements generally mature within 90 days and are secured by certain available for sale securities. Federal Home 
Loan Bank borrowings are generally short term and are secured by a blanket pledge of eligible collateral (generally 
unencumbered U.S. Treasury and mortgage-backed securities, 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, multifamily and other 
qualifying commercial real estate loans). Amounts borrowed from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka averaged $5.9 
billion during 2017 and $6.0 billion during 2016.

At December 31, 2017, the estimated unused credit available to the Bank from collateralized sources was approximately $5.7 
billion.

BOKF, NA also has a liability related to the repurchase of certain delinquent residential mortgage loans previously sold in 
GNMA mortgage pools. Interest is payable monthly at rates contractually due to investors.

69

Parent Company and Other Non-Bank Subsidiaries

The primary sources of liquidity for BOK Financial are cash on hand and dividends from the Bank. Cash and cash equivalents 
totaled $206 million at December 31, 2017. Dividends from the Bank are limited by various banking regulations to net profits, 
as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the two preceding years. Dividends are further restricted by minimum capital 
requirements. At December 31, 2017, based on the most restrictive limitations as well as management’s internal capital policy, 
BOKF, NA could declare up to $321 million of dividends without regulatory approval. Dividend constraints may be alleviated 
through increases in retained earnings, capital issuances or changes in risk weighted assets. Future losses or increases in 
required regulatory capital could also affect its ability to pay dividends to the parent company. 

On June 27, 2016, the parent company issued $150 million of subordinated debt that will mature on June 30, 2056. This debt 
bears interest at the rate of 5.375%, payable quarterly. On June 30, 2021, we will have the option to redeem the debt at the 
principal amount plus accrued interest, subject to regulatory approval.

Shareholders' equity at December 31, 2017 was $3.5 billion, an increase of $221 million over December 31, 2016. Net income 
less cash dividends paid increased equity $225 million during 2017. Changes in interest rates resulted in an increase in the 
accumulated other comprehensive loss to $36 million at December 31, 2017, compared to $11 million at December 31, 2016. 
The Company also repurchased $7.4 million of our common stock during 2017. Capital is managed to maximize long-term 
value to the shareholders. Factors considered in managing capital include projections of future earnings including expected 
benefits from lower federal income tax rates, asset growth and acquisition strategies, and regulatory and debt covenant 
requirements. Capital management may include subordinated debt issuance, share repurchase and stock and cash dividends. 

On October 27, 2015, the board of directors authorized the Company to purchase up to five million common shares, subject to 
market conditions, securities laws and other regulatory compliance limitations. As of December 31, 2017, a cumulative total of 
2,959,243 shares have been repurchased under this authorization. The Company repurchased 80,000 shares during 2017 at an 
average price of $92.54 per share.

BOK Financial and the Bank are subject to various capital requirements administered by federal agencies. Failure to meet 
minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and additional discretionary actions by regulators that could 
have a material impact on operations. These capital requirements include quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and off-
balance sheet items. The capital standards are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators.

Effective January 1, 2015, capital rules establish a 7% threshold for the common equity Tier 1 ratio consisting of a minimum 
level plus capital conservation buffer. The Company has elected to exclude unrealized gains and losses from available for sale 
securities from its calculation of Tier 1 capital, consistent with the treatment under previous capital rules. Components of the 
capital rules effective January 1, 2015 will phase in through January 1, 2019, with certain exceptions. 

A summary of minimum capital requirements, including capital conservation buffer follows in Table 33. Failure to meet these 
minimum capital requirements, including capital conservation buffer, could subject BOK Financial to regulatory restrictions on 
capital distributions (including but not limited to dividends and share repurchases) and executive bonus payments. 

The capital ratios for BOK Financial on a consolidated basis are presented in Table 33 following.

70

Table 33 – Capital Ratios 

Risk-based capital:

Common equity Tier 1

Tier 1 capital

Total capital

Tier 1 Leverage

Average total equity to average assets

Tangible common equity ratio

Minimum
Capital
Requirement

Capital
Conservation
Buffer

Minimum
Capital
Requirement
Including
Capital
Conservation
Buffer

4.50%

6.00%

8.00%

4.00%

2.50%

2.50%

2.50%

N/A

7.00%

8.50%

10.50%

4.00%

December 31,

2017

2016

12.05%

12.05%

13.54%

9.31%

10.43%

9.50%

11.21%
11.21%

12.81%

8.72%

10.38%

8.61%

Capital resources of financial institutions are also regularly measured by the tangible common shareholders’ equity 
ratio. Tangible common shareholders’ equity is shareholders’ equity as defined by generally accepted accounting principles in 
the United States of America (“GAAP”), including unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, less intangible 
assets and equity which does not benefit common shareholders. Equity that does not benefit common shareholders includes 
preferred equity. This non-GAAP measure is a valuable indicator of a financial institution’s capital strength since it eliminates 
intangible assets from shareholders’ equity and retains the effect of unrealized losses on securities and other components of 
accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.

Table 34 following provides a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures with financial measures defined by GAAP.

Table 34 – Non-GAAP Measures 
(Dollars in thousands)

Tangible common equity ratio:
Total shareholders' equity
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net
Tangible common equity
Total assets
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net
Tangible assets
Tangible common equity ratio

December 31,

2017

2016

$ 3,495,367
476,088
3,019,279
32,272,160
476,088
$ 31,796,072

$

3,274,854
495,830
2,779,024
32,772,281
495,830
$ 32,276,451

9.50%

8.61%

On October 18, 2017, BOK Financial published the results of its annual capital stress test. In accordance with the Dodd-Frank 
Act, the Federal Reserve must publish regulations that require bank holding companies with $10 billion to $50 billion in assets 
to perform annual capital stress tests. The requirements for annual capital stress tests became effective for the Company in the 
fourth quarter of 2013. The Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test ("DFAST") is a forward-looking exercise under which the Company 
and its banking subsidiary estimate the impact of a hypothetical severely adverse macroeconomic scenario provided by the 
Federal Reserve and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency on its financial condition and regulatory capital ratios over a 
nine-quarter time horizon. Under the scenario provided by the regulatory agencies, all capital ratio measures remain above 
minimum regulatory thresholds. Additional information concerning the annual stress test may be found on the Company's 
Investor Relations page at www.bokf.com under the "Presentations" tab. The results of future capital stress tests may place 
constraints on capital distributions or increases in required regulatory capital under certain circumstances. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the Company’s significant off-balance sheet 
commitments.

71

 
 
 
Aggregate Contractual Obligations

BOK Financial has numerous contractual obligations in the normal course of business. These obligations include time deposits 
and other borrowed funds, premises used under various operating leases, commitments to extend credit to borrowers and to 
purchase securities, derivative contracts and contracts for services such as data processing that are integral to our operations. 
Table 35 following summarizes payments due on contractual obligations with initial terms in excess of one year. 

Table 35 – Contractual Obligations as of December 31, 2017
(In thousands)

Time deposits

Other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Operating lease obligations

Derivative contracts

Data processing services

Total

Loan commitments

Standby letters of credit

Mortgage loans sold with recourse

Alternative investment commitments

Unfunded third-party private equity commitments

Less Than 
1 Year

1 to 3
Years

4 to 5
Years

More Than
5 Years

Total

$

605,018

$

308,532

$

245,133

$

365,219

$

1,523,902

840

8,063

18,858

49,303

15,696

2,168

16,125

36,428

17,774

14,353

2,218

16,125

24,697

14,835

3,068

12,839

414,771

72,960

5,972

—

18,065

455,084

152,943

87,884

33,117

$

697,778

$

395,380

$

306,076

$

871,761

$

2,270,995

$

9,958,080

647,653

125,127

70,827

3,360

Payments on time deposits, other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures include interest which has been calculated from 
rates at December 31, 2017. These obligations may have variable interest rates and actual payments will differ from the 
amounts shown on this table. 

Payments on time deposits are based on contractual maturity dates. These funds may be withdrawn prior to maturity. We may 
charge the customer a penalty for early withdrawal.

Operating lease commitments generally represent real property we rent for branch offices, corporate offices and operations 
facilities. Payments presented represent the minimum lease payments and exclude related costs such as utilities and property 
taxes.

Obligations under derivative contracts are used in customer hedging programs. As previously discussed, we have entered into 
derivative contracts which are expected to substantially offset the cash payments due on these obligations. 

We also have obligations with respect to employee benefit plans. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 
additional information about our employee benefit plans.

Data processing and communications contracts represent the minimum obligations under the contracts. Additional payments 
that are based on the volume of transactions processed are excluded.

Loan commitments represent legally binding obligations to provide financing to our customers. Some of these commitments 
are expected to expire before being drawn upon and the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash 
requirements. Approximately $1.3 billion of the loan commitments expire within one year.

72

The Company has funded $217 million and has commitments to fund an additional $71 million for various alternative 
investments. Alternative investments generally consist of limited partnership interests in or loans to entities that invest in low 
income housing or economic development projects, distressed assets, energy development, venture capital and other 
activities. The Company is prohibited by banking regulations from controlling or actively managing the activities of these 
investments. Legally binding commitments to fund alternative investments are recognized as liabilities in the Consolidated 
Financial Statements.

An indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company is general partner of two private equity funds and has contingent 
obligations to make additional investments totaling $3.4 million as of December 31, 2017. These commitments, which are 
included in unfunded third-party private equity commitments, generally reflect customer investment obligations. We do not 
recognize contingent commitments to fund investments that are primarily customer obligations as liabilities in the Consolidated 
Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure of newly adopted and pending accounting standards.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management's beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, 
estimates, and projections about BOK Financial, the financial services industry and the economy in general. Words such as 
“anticipates,” “believes,” ”estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “plans,” “projects,” “will,” “intends,” variations of such words 
and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Management judgments relating to and 
discussion of the provision and allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk, allowance for uncertain 
tax positions, accruals for loss contingencies and valuation of mortgage servicing rights involve judgments as to expected 
events and are inherently forward-looking statements. Assessments that BOK Financial's acquisitions and other growth 
endeavors will be profitable are necessary statements of belief as to the outcome of future events, based in part on information 
provided by others that BOK Financial has not independently verified. These statements are not guarantees of future 
performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, 
likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what is expressed, 
implied, or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Internal and external factors that might cause such a difference 
include, but are not limited to changes in commodity prices, interest rates and interest rate relationships, demand for products 
and services, the degree of competition by traditional and nontraditional competitors, changes in banking regulations, tax laws, 
prices, levies, and assessments, the impact of technological advances and trends in customer behavior as well as their ability to 
repay loans. BOK Financial and its affiliates undertake no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, 
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Legal Notice

As used in this report, the term “BOK Financial” and such terms as “the Company,” “the Corporation,” “our,” “we” and “us” 
may refer to one or more of the consolidated subsidiaries or all of them taken as a whole. All these terms are used for 
convenience only and are not intended as a precise description of any of the separate companies, each of which manages its 
own affairs.

73

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risk

Market risk is a broad term for the risk of economic loss due to adverse changes in the fair value of a financial instrument. 
These changes may be the result of various factors, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices or equity 
prices. Financial instruments that are subject to market risk can be classified either as held for trading or held for purposes other 
than trading. Market risk excludes changes in fair value due to credit of the individual issuers of financial instruments.

BOK Financial is subject to market risk primarily through the effect of changes in interest rates on both its assets held for 
purposes other than trading and trading assets. The effects of other changes, such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices 
or equity prices do not pose significant market risk to BOK Financial. BOK Financial has no material investments in assets that 
are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates or equity prices. Energy and agricultural product derivative contracts, which 
are affected by changes in commodity prices, are matched against offsetting contracts as previously discussed.

The Asset/Liability Committee is responsible for managing market risk in accordance with policy limits established by the 
Board of Directors. The Committee monitors projected variation in net interest revenue, net income and economic value of 
equity due to specified changes in interest rates. These limits also set maximum levels for short-term borrowings, short-term 
assets, public funds and brokered deposits and establish minimum levels for un-pledged assets, among other things. Further, the 
Board approved market risk limits for fixed income trading, mortgage pipeline and mortgage servicing assets inclusive of 
economic hedge benefits. Exposure is measured daily and compliance is reviewed monthly. Deviations from the Board 
approved limits, which periodically occur throughout the reporting period, may require management to develop and execute 
plans to reduce exposure. These plans are subject to escalation to and approval by the Board.

The simulations used to manage market risk are based on numerous assumptions regarding the effects of changes in interest 
rates on the timing and extent of repricing characteristics, future cash flows and customer behavior. These assumptions are 
inherently uncertain and, as a result, models cannot precisely estimate or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower interest 
rates. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, market 
conditions and management strategies, among other factors.

Interest Rate Risk – Other than Trading

As previously noted in the Net Interest Revenue section of this report, management has implemented strategies to manage the 
Company’s balance sheet to have relatively limited exposure to changes in interest rates over a twelve-month period. The 
effectiveness of these strategies in managing the overall interest rate risk is evaluated through the use of an asset/liability 
model. BOK Financial performs a sensitivity analysis to identify more dynamic interest rate risk exposures, including 
embedded option positions, on net interest revenue. A simulation model is used to estimate the effect of changes in interest rates 
on our performance across multiple interest rate scenarios. Our current internal policy limit for net interest revenue variation 
due to a 200 basis point parallel change in market interest rates over twelve months is a maximum decline of 5%. The results of 
a 200 basis point decrease in interest rates in the current low-rate environment are not meaningful. Until such time as it 
becomes meaningful, we will instead report the effect of a 50 basis point decrease in interest rates.

The Company’s primary interest rate exposures include the Federal Funds rate, which affects short-term borrowings, and the 
prime lending rate and LIBOR, which are the basis for much of the variable rate loan pricing. Additionally, residential 
mortgage rates directly affect the prepayment speeds for residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgage servicing 
rights. Derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments used for purposes other than trading are included in this 
simulation. In addition, the impact on the level and composition of demand deposit accounts and other core deposit balances 
resulting from a significant increase in short-term market interest rates and the overall interest rate environment is likely to be 
material. The simulation incorporates assumptions regarding the effects of such changes based on a combination of historical 
analysis and expected behavior. The impact of planned growth and new business activities is factored into the simulation 
model. 

74

 
 
Table 36 – Interest Rate Sensitivity
(Dollar in thousands)

200 bp Increase

50 bp Decrease

2017

2016

2017

2016

Anticipated impact over the next twelve months on net interest revenue

$

(2,692)

$

(4,932)

$ (17,805)

$

(18,021)

(0.30)%

(0.60)%

(2.00)%

(2.19)%

BOK Financial is also subjected to market risk through changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Changes in the fair 
value of mortgage servicing rights are highly dependent on changes in primary mortgage rates offered to borrowers, intermediate-
term interest rates that affect the value of custodial funds, and assumptions about servicing revenues, servicing costs and discount 
rates. As primary mortgage rates increase, prepayment speeds slow and the value of our mortgage servicing rights increases. As 
primary mortgage rates fall, prepayment speeds increase and the value of our mortgage servicing rights decreases.

We maintain a portfolio of financial instruments, which may include debt securities issued by the U.S. government or its 
agencies and interest rate derivative contracts held as an economic hedge of the changes in the fair value of our mortgage 
servicing rights. Composition of this portfolio will change based on our assessment of market risk. Changes in the fair value of 
residential mortgage-backed securities are highly dependent on changes in secondary mortgage rates required by investors, and 
interest rate derivative contracts are highly dependent on changes in other market interest rates. While primary and secondary 
mortgage rates generally move in the same direction, the spread between them may widen and narrow due to market conditions 
and government intervention. Changes in the forward-looking spread between the primary and secondary rates can cause 
significant earnings volatility. 

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk due to changes in interest rates inherent in its MSR portfolio and 
hedges. The stress test shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair 
value, net of economic hedging activity, that may result. The Board has approved a $20 million market risk limit for mortgage 
servicing rights, net of economic hedges. 

Table 37 - MSR Asset and Hedge Sensitivity Analysis 
(In thousands)

MSR Asset

MSR Hedge

Net Exposure

Trading Activities

December 31,

2017

2016

Up 50 bp

Down 50 bp

Up 50 bp

Down 50 bp

$

25,818

$

(32,856) $

25,233

$

(31,823)

(29,501)

(3,683)

25,021

(7,835)

(29,196)

(3,963)

28,552

(3,271)

The Company bears market risk by originating residential mortgages held for sale ("RMHFS"). RMHFS are generally 
outstanding for 60 to 90 days, which represents the typical period from commitment to originate a loan to sale of the closed 
loan to an investor. Primary mortgage interest rate changes during this period affect the value of RMHFS commitments and 
loans. We use forward sale contracts to mitigate market risk on all closed mortgage loans held for sale and on an estimate of 
mortgage loan commitments that are expected to result in closed loans. 

A variety of methods are used to monitor market risk of mortgage origination activities. These methods include daily marking 
of all positions to market value, independent verification of inventory pricing, and revenue sensitivity limits. 

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk due to changes in interest rates inherent in the mortgage production 
pipeline. The stress test shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair 
value, net of economic hedging activity that may result. The Board has approved a $7 million market risk limit for the 
mortgage production pipeline, net of forward sale contracts. 

75

 
 
 
 
Table 38  - Mortgage Pipeline Sensitivity Analysis 
(In thousands)

Year Ended
December 31,

2017

2016

Up 50 bp Down 50 bp Up 50 bp Down 50 bp

Average1
Low2
High3
Period End
1   Average represents the simple average of each daily value observed during the reporting period. 
2  Low represents least risk of loss in fair value measured as the smallest negative value or the largest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.
3  High represents the greatest risk of loss in fair value measured as the largest negative value or the smallest positive value observed daily during the reporting 

(1,040) $ (1,840) $

(6,858)

(2,377)

(1,979)

(2,953)

(1,158)

2,037

1,314

1,815

(263)

(114)

(583)

602

789

23

$

$

period.

BOK Financial enters into trading activities both as an intermediary for customers and for its own account. As an intermediary, 
we take positions in securities, generally residential mortgage-backed securities, government agency securities and municipal 
bonds. These securities are purchased for resale to customers, which include individuals, corporations, foundations and 
financial institutions. On a limited basis, we may also take trading positions in U.S. Treasury securities, residential mortgage-
backed securities, and municipal bonds to enhance returns on securities portfolios. Both of these activities involve interest rate, 
liquidity and price risk. BOK Financial has an insignificant exposure to foreign exchange risk and does not take positions in 
commodity derivatives.

A variety of methods are used to monitor the interest rate risk of trading activities. These methods include daily marking of all 
positions to market value, independent verification of inventory pricing, and position limits for each trading activity. Economic 
hedges in either the futures or cash markets may be used to reduce the risk associated with some trading programs.

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk from changes in interest rates on its trading portfolio. The stress test 
shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair value, net of economic 
hedging activity that may result. The Board has approved an $8 million market risk limit for the trading portfolio, net of 
economic hedges. 

Table 39 –Trading Securities Sensitivity Analysis 
(In thousands)

Average1
Low2
High3
Period End

Year Ended
December 31,

2017

2016

Up 50 bp Down 50 bp Up 50 bp Down 50 bp

$ (1,702) $

1,799

$ (3,150) $

668

(4,386)

(488)

5,210

146

(1,046)

(6,130)

539

(734)

3,196

7,013

(107)

1,212

1   Average represents the simple average of each daily value observed during the reporting period. 
2  Low represents least risk of loss in fair value measured as the smallest negative value or the largest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.
3  High represents the greatest risk of loss in fair value measured as the largest negative value or the smallest positive value observed daily during the reporting 

period.

76

 
 
ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of BOK Financial Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over 
financial reporting and for assessing the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in 
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), as amended. Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in “Internal Control – Integrated Framework,” issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission in 2013. Based on that assessment and 
criteria, management has determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2017.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Consolidated Financial Statements of 
the Company included in this annual report has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. Their report, which expresses unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, is included in this annual report.

77

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of BOK Financial Corporation

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited BOK Financial Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the 
criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, BOK Financial Corporation (the Company) 
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the 
COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of BOK Financial Corporation as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related 
consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the 
period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and our report dated February 27, 2018 expressed an unqualified 
opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Report of 
Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all 
material respects. 

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

February 27, 2018 

78

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of BOK Financial Corporation

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BOK Financial Corporation (the Company) as of 
December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, changes in equity, 
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to 
as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of the Company at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the criteria established in 
Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(2013 framework), and our report dated February 27, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included 
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 1990.
February 27, 2018 

79

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

Interest and dividend revenue
Loans
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Trading securities
Investment securities
Available for sale securities
Fair value option securities
Restricted equity securities
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents

Total interest and dividend revenue

Interest expense
Deposits
Borrowed funds
Subordinated debentures
Total interest expense

Net interest and dividend revenue
Provision for credit losses
Net interest and dividend revenue after provision for credit losses
Other operating revenue
Brokerage and trading revenue
Transaction card revenue
Fiduciary and asset management revenue
Deposit service charges and fees
Mortgage banking revenue
Other revenue
Total fees and commissions
Other gains, net
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net
Loss on fair value option securities, net
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights
Gain on available for sale securities, net
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
Total other operating revenue
Other operating expense
Personnel
Business promotion
Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation
Professional fees and services
Net occupancy and equipment
Insurance
Data processing and communications
Printing, postage and supplies
Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets
Amortization of intangible assets
Mortgage banking costs
Other expense
Total other operating expense
Net income before taxes
Federal and state income taxes
Net income
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders
Earnings per share:

Basic
Diluted

Average shares used in computation:

Basic
Diluted

Dividends declared per share

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

81

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

$

$
$

$

696,479
8,706
17,002
16,121
177,070
16,755
18,490
22,128
972,751

53,803
69,124
8,123
131,050
841,701
(7,000)
848,701

131,601
119,988
162,893
112,075
104,719
52,168
683,444
9,004
779
(2,733)
172
4,428
—
—
—
695,094

573,408
28,877
2,000
51,067
86,477
19,653
146,970
15,689
9,687
6,779
52,856
32,054
1,025,517
518,278
182,593
335,685
1,041
334,644

5.11
5.11

64,745,364
64,806,284
1.77

$

$

$
$

$

581,030
12,658
8,527
16,894
175,321
6,723
17,238
10,726
829,117

40,494
35,336
6,059
81,889
747,228
65,000
682,228

138,377
116,452
135,477
111,499
133,914
51,029
686,748
4,030
(15,685)
(10,555)
(2,193)
11,675
—
—
—
674,020

553,119
26,582
2,000
56,783
80,024
32,489
131,841
15,584
3,359
6,862
61,387
47,560
1,017,590
338,658
106,377
232,281
(387)
232,668

3.53
3.53

65,085,627
65,143,898
1.73

$

$

$
$

$

529,683
13,602
2,240
18,098
174,829
9,264
13,532
5,580
766,828

44,170
14,204
5,100
63,474
703,354
34,000
669,354

129,556
109,579
126,153
109,473
126,002
49,883
650,646
5,702
430
(3,684)
(4,853)
12,058
(2,443)
624
(1,819)
658,480

515,298
27,851
796
40,123
76,016
20,375
122,383
13,498
1,446
4,359
38,813
35,233
896,191
431,643
139,384
292,259
3,694
288,565

4.22
4.21

67,594,689
67,691,658
1.69

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes:

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:

Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities

Interest expense, Subordinated debentures

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

Gain on available for sale securities, net

Other comprehensive loss, before income taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes

Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

335,685

$

232,281

$

292,259

(26,152)

(41,521)

(46,803)

—

—

—

(4,428)

(30,580)

(11,923)

(18,657)

(112)

—

—

(11,675)

(53,308)

(20,754)

(32,554)

(503)

121

1,819

(12,058)

(57,424)

(22,338)

(35,086)

317,028

199,727

257,173

1,041

(387)

3,694

Comprehensive income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders

$

315,987

$

200,114

$

253,479

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)

Assets
Cash and due from banks
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents
Trading securities
Investment securities (fair value:  2017 – $480,035; 2016 – $565,493)
Available for sale securities
Fair value option securities
Restricted equity securities
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Loans
Allowance for loan losses
Loans, net of allowance
Premises and equipment, net
Receivables
Goodwill
Intangible assets, net
Mortgage servicing rights
Real estate and other repossessed assets, net of allowance (2017 – $12,648; 2016 – $9,562)
Derivative contracts
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance
Receivable on unsettled available for sale securities sales
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
Interest-bearing deposits:

Transaction
Savings
Time
Total deposits
Funds purchased
Repurchase agreements
Other borrowings
Subordinated debentures
Accrued interest, taxes and expense
Derivative contracts
Due on unsettled available for sale securities purchases
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock ($.00006 par value; 2,500,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 2017 – 

75,147,686; 2016 – 74,993,407)

Capital surplus
Retained earnings
Treasury stock (shares at cost:  2017 – 9,752,749; 2016 – 9,655,975)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Total shareholders’ equity

Non-controlling interests
Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

83

December 31,

2017

2016

602,510
1,714,544
462,676
461,793
8,321,578
755,054
320,189
221,378
17,153,424
(230,682)
16,922,742
317,335
442,897
447,430
28,658
252,867
28,437
220,502
316,498
75,980
359,092
32,272,160

$

$

620,846
1,916,651
337,628
546,145
8,676,829
77,046
307,240
301,897
16,989,660
(246,159)
16,743,501
325,849
772,952
448,899
46,931
247,073
44,287
689,872
308,430
7,188
353,017
32,772,281

9,243,338

$

9,235,720

10,250,393
469,158
2,098,416
22,061,305
58,628
516,335
5,134,897
144,677
164,895
171,963
151,198
349,928
28,753,826

10,865,105
425,470
2,221,800
22,748,095
57,929
668,661
4,846,072
144,640
146,704
664,531
6,508
182,784
29,465,924

4

1,035,895
3,048,487
(552,845)
(36,174)
3,495,367
22,967
3,518,334
32,272,160

$

4

1,006,535
2,823,334
(544,052)
(10,967)
3,274,854
31,503
3,306,357
32,772,281

$

$

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(In thousands)

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Capital
Surplus

Retained
Earnings

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

Non-
Controlling
Interests

Total
Equity

Balance, December 31,

2014

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Repurchase of common

stock

Share-based

compensation plans:

Stock options exercised

Non-vested shares
awarded, net

Vesting of non-vested

shares

Share-based

compensation

Cash dividends on
common stock

Sale of non-controlling

interest

Capital calls and

distributions, net

Balance, December 31,

2015

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Repurchase of common

stock

Share-based

compensation plans:

Stock options exercised

Non-vested shares
awarded, net

Vesting of non-vested

shares

Share-based

compensation

Cash dividends on
common stock

Capital calls and

distributions, net

Balance, December 31,

2016

74,004

$

—

—

—

286

240

—

—

—

—

—

74,530

—

—

—

214

249

—

—

—

—

4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$ 954,644

$2,530,837

4,890

$ (239,979) $

56,673

$

3,302,179

$

34,027

$3,336,206

—

—

—

14,357

925

—

12,083

—

—

—

288,565

—

—

—

—

—

—

(35,086)

— 3,634

(229,540)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

112

(7,646)

—

—

—

—

(115,281)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

288,565

(35,086)

(229,540)

14,357

925

(7,646)

12,083

3,694

292,259

—

—

—

—

—

(35,086)

(229,540)

14,357

925

(7,646)

12,083

(115,281)

—

(115,281)

—

—

5,500

5,500

(6,138)

(6,138)

982,009

2,704,121

8,636

(477,165)

21,587

3,230,556

37,083

3,267,639

232,668

—

—

—

—

—

—

(32,554)

— 1,005

(66,792)

—

—

—

12,465

1,590

—

10,471

—

—

—

—

—

—

15

—

—

—

—

—

(95)

—

—

—

—

—

(113,455)

—

232,668

(32,554)

(66,792)

12,465

1,590

(95)

10,471

(113,455)

(387)

232,281

—

—

(32,554)

(66,792)

12,465

1,590

(95)

10,471

(113,455)

—

—

—

(5,193)

(5,193)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

74,993

$

4

$1,006,535

$2,823,334

9,656

$ (544,052) $

(10,967) $

3,274,854

$

31,503

$3,306,357

84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(In thousands)

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Capital
Surplus

Retained
Earnings

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

Non-
Controlling
Interests

Total
Equity

Balance, December 31,

2016

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Repurchase of common

stock

Share-based

compensation plans:

74,993

$

—

—

—

Stock options exercised

100

55

—

—

—

—

Non-vested shares
awarded, net

Vesting of non-vested

shares

Share-based

compensation

Cash dividends on
common stock

Capital calls and

distributions, net

Reclassification of

stranded accumulated
other comprehensive
loss related to tax
reform

Balance, December 31,

2017

4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$1,006,535

$2,823,334

9,656

$ (544,052) $

(10,967) $

3,274,854

$

31,503

$3,306,357

—

—

—

5,758

—

—

23,602

334,644

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(116,041)

—

—

—

80

—

—

17

—

—

—

—

—

(7,403)

—

—

(1,390)

—

—

—

—

(18,657)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

334,644

(18,657)

(7,403)

5,758

—

(1,390)

23,602

(116,041)

1,041

335,685

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(18,657)

(7,403)

5,758

—

(1,390)

23,602

(116,041)

—

(9,577)

(9,577)

—

—

—

6,550

—

—

(6,550)

—

—

—

75,148

$

4

$1,035,895

$3,048,487

9,753

$ (552,845) $

(36,174) $

3,495,367

$

22,967

$3,518,334

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

Provision for credit losses
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to market changes
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to loan runoff
Net unrealized losses from derivative contracts
Depreciation and amortization
Share-based compensation
Net amortization of securities discounts and premiums
Net realized gains on financial instruments and other net gains
Net gain on mortgage loans held for sale
Mortgage loans originated for sale
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights
Change in trading and fair value option securities
Change in receivables
Change in other assets
Change in accrued interest, taxes and expense
Change in other liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:

Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities
Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of investment securities
Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of available for sale securities
Purchases of investment securities
Purchases of available for sale securities
Change in amount receivable on unsettled securities sales
Loans originated, net of principal collected
Net payments on derivative asset contracts
Proceeds from disposition of assets
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Purchases of assets

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:

Net change in demand deposits, transaction deposits and savings accounts
Net change in time deposits
Net change in other borrowed funds
Repayment of subordinated debentures
Issuance of subordinated debentures, net of issuance costs
Change in amount due on unsettled security purchases
Issuance of common and treasury stock, net
Net change in derivative margin accounts
Net payments or proceeds on derivative liability contracts
Sale of non-controlling interests
Repurchase of common stock
Dividends paid

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

86

2017

Year Ended
2016

2015

$

335,685

$

232,281

$

292,259

(7,000)
(172)
33,527
3,704
54,466
23,602
28,693
(2,828)
(47,159)
(3,286,873)
3,405,890
(39,149)
(804,204)
321,880
(5,506)
18,191
182,184
214,931

1,309,215
112,022
1,841,217
(32,972)
(2,845,557)
(68,792)
(78,232)
479,409
274,029
—
(250,783)
739,556

(563,406)
(123,384)
(10,909)
—
—
144,690
4,368
(17,726)
(485,119)
—
(7,403)
(116,041)
(1,174,930)
(220,443)
2,537,497
2,317,054

65,000
2,193
40,744
11,234
47,016
10,471
41,643
(13,011)
(63,636)
(6,117,417)
6,193,587
(71,405)
149,921
(603,861)
(49,565)
44,269
(11,413)
(91,949)

899,381
86,847
1,740,226
(41,590)
(2,333,740)
33,005
(621,605)
(103,668)
198,922
56,017
(199,802)
(286,007)

1,277,285
(216,084)
(606,476)
(226,550)
144,615
(10,389)
12,455
(28,806)
106,051
—
(66,792)
(113,455)
271,854
(106,102)
2,643,599
2,537,497

34,000
4,853
28,064
964
37,918
12,083
55,145
(15,212)
(75,780)
(6,372,956)
6,446,659
(79,546)
(69,298)
(6,943)
(29,548)
17,517
15,756
295,935

1,600,380
72,664
1,542,517
(25,132)
(3,300,601)
34,066
(1,681,035)
(156,419)
195,760
(18,098)
(265,406)
(2,001,304)

149,951
(202,652)
2,547,688
(121,810)
—
(273,643)
6,711
(43,226)
149,428
5,500
(229,540)
(115,281)
1,873,126
167,757
2,475,842
2,643,599

$

$

$

 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for taxes
Net loans and bank premises transferred to repossessed real estate and other assets
Residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that became eligible

for repurchase during the period

Conveyance of other real estate owned guaranteed by U.S. government agencies

$
$
$

$
$

127,513
121,697
7,367

148,107
40,528

$
$
$

$
$

82,876
79,883
36,391

120,406
68,873

$
$
$

$
$

66,091
101,991
12,592

123,383
110,505

2017

Year Ended
2016

2015

See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

87

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(1) Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Consolidated Financial Statements of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial” or “the Company”) have been 
prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP"), including 
interpretations of U.S. GAAP issued by federal banking regulators and general practices of the banking industry. The 
Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries, principally BOKF, NA, BOK 
Financial Securities, Inc., The Milestone Group, Inc. and Cavanal Hill Distributors, Inc. All significant intercompany 
transactions are eliminated in consolidation. 

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the assets, liabilities, non-controlling interests and results of operations of 
variable interest entities (“VIEs”) when BOK Financial is determined to be the primary beneficiary. Variable interest entities 
are generally defined as entities that either do not have sufficient equity to finance their activities without support from other 
parties or whose equity investors lack a controlling financial interest. See additional discussion of variable interest entities at 
Note 14 following.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. Check card revenue of $19.3 million 
in 2016 and $19.0 million in 2015 were reclassified from transaction card revenue to deposit service charges and fees.

Nature of Operations

BOK Financial, through its subsidiaries, provides a wide range of financial services to commercial and industrial customers, 
other financial institutions, municipalities, and consumers. These services include depository and cash management; lending 
and lease financing; mortgage banking; securities brokerage, trading and underwriting; and personal and corporate trust.

BOKF, NA ("the Bank") operates as Bank of Oklahoma primarily in the Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of the 
state of Oklahoma and Bank of Texas primarily in the Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston metropolitan areas of the state of 
Texas. In addition, BOKF, NA does business as Bank of Albuquerque in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Colorado State Bank and 
Trust in Denver, Colorado; Bank of Arizona in Phoenix, Arizona; Mobank in Kansas City, Missouri/Kansas and Bank of 
Arkansas in Northwest Arkansas. BOKF, NA also operates the TransFund electronic funds network, Cavanal Hill Investment 
Management, and BOK Financial Asset Management, Inc.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of BOK Financial's Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates of future economic 
activities, including loan collectability, prepayments and cash flows from customer accounts. These estimates are based upon 
current conditions and information available to management. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.

Acquisitions

Assets and liabilities acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. The 
purchase price includes consideration paid at closing and the estimated fair value of contingent consideration that will be paid 
in the future, subject to achieving defined performance criteria. Premiums and discounts assigned to interest-earning assets and 
interest-bearing liabilities are amortized over the lives of the acquired assets and liabilities on either an individual instrument or 
pool basis. Provision for credit losses is recognized for changes in credit quality after the acquisition date. Goodwill is 
recognized as the excess of the purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings include the results of operations from the acquisition date.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and intangible assets generally result from business combinations and are evaluated for each of BOK Financial's 
reporting units for impairment annually or more frequently if conditions indicate impairment. The evaluation of possible 
impairment of goodwill and intangible assets involves significant judgment based upon short-term and long-term projections of 
future performance.

88

 
 
 
Reporting units are defined by the Company as significant lines of business within each operating segment. This definition is 
consistent with the manner in which the chief operating decision maker assesses the performance of the Company and makes 
decisions concerning the allocation of resources. The Company qualitatively assesses whether it is more likely than not that the 
fair value of the reporting units are less than their carrying value, including goodwill. Reporting unit carrying value includes 
sufficient capital to exceed regulatory requirements. This assessment includes consideration of relevant events and 
circumstances including but not limited to macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, the financial and stock 
performance of the Company and other relevant factors.

If the Company concludes based on the qualitative assessment that goodwill may be impaired, a quantitative one-step 
impairment test will be applied to goodwill at all reporting units. The quantitative analysis compares the fair value of the 
reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated by the discounted 
future earnings method. Goodwill is considered impaired if the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value of 
the reporting unit, including goodwill.

Intangible assets are generally composed of customer relationships, naming rights, non-compete agreements and core deposit 
premiums. They are amortized using accelerated or straight-line methods, as appropriate, over the estimated benefit periods. 
These periods range from 3 years to 20 years. The net book values of identifiable intangible assets are evaluated for impairment 
when economic conditions indicate impairment may exist.

Cash Equivalents

Due from banks, funds sold (generally federal funds sold for one day), resell agreements (which generally mature within one to 
30 days) and investments in money market funds are considered cash equivalents.

Securities

Securities are identified as trading, investment (held to maturity) or available for sale at the time of purchase based upon the 
intent of management, liquidity and capital requirements, regulatory limitations and other relevant factors. Trading securities, 
which are acquired for profit through resale, are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in current period 
earnings. Investment securities are carried at amortized cost. Amortization is computed by methods that approximate level yield 
and is adjusted for changes in prepayment estimates. Securities identified as available for sale are carried at fair value. 
Unrealized gains and losses are recorded, net of deferred income taxes, as accumulated other comprehensive income in 
shareholders' equity. Available for sale securities are separately identified as pledged to creditors if the creditor has the right to 
sell or re-pledge the collateral.

The purchase or sale of securities is recognized on a trade date basis. Realized gains and losses on sales of securities are based 
upon specific identification of the security sold. A receivable or payable is recognized for subsequent transaction 
settlement. Securities meeting certain criteria may also be transferred from the available for sale classification to the investment 
securities portfolio at fair value on the date of transfer. The unrealized gain or loss at the date of transfer is retained in 
accumulated other comprehensive income and in the carrying value of the investment securities portfolio. Such amounts are 
amortized over the estimated remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the related amortization of the 
premium or accretion of the discount on the transferred securities.

On a quarterly basis, the Company performs separate evaluations of impaired debt investment and available for sale securities 
and equity available for sale securities to determine if the decline in fair value below the amortized cost is other-than-
temporary.

For debt securities, management determines whether it intends to sell or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to 
sell impaired securities. This determination considers current and forecasted liquidity requirements and securities portfolio 
management. If the Company intends to sell or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the impaired debt 
security, a charge is recognized against earnings for the entire unrealized loss. For all impaired debt securities for which there is 
no intent or expected requirement to sell, the evaluation considers all available evidence to assess whether it is more likely than 
not that all amounts due would not be collected according to the security's contractual terms. Impairment of debt securities 
rated investment grade by all nationally-recognized rating agencies is considered temporary unless specific contrary 
information is identified. Impairment of debt securities rated below investment grade by at least one of the nationally 
recognized rating agencies is evaluated based on projections of estimated cash flows. Any expected credit loss due to the 
inability to collect all amounts due according to the security's contractual terms is recognized as a charge against earnings. Any 
remaining unrealized loss related to other factors would be recognized in other comprehensive income, net of taxes.

89

 
 
 
 
For equity securities, management evaluates various factors including cause, severity and duration of the decline in value of the 
security and prospects for recovery, as well as the Company's intent and ability not to sell the security until the fair value 
exceeds amortized cost. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other-than-temporary, a charge is recognized against earnings 
for the difference between the security's amortized cost and fair value.

BOK Financial may elect to carry certain securities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in current period 
income. These securities are held with the intent that gains or losses will offset changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing 
rights or certain derivative instruments.

Restricted equity securities represent equity interests the Company is required to hold in the Federal Reserve Banks and Federal 
Home Loan Banks. Restricted equity securities are carried at cost as these securities do not have a readily determined fair value 
because ownership of these shares is restricted and they lack a market.

Derivative Instruments

Derivative instruments may be used by the Company as part of its internal risk management programs or may be offered to 
customers. All derivative instruments are carried at fair value and changes in fair value are generally reported in income as they 
occur. The determination of fair value of derivative instruments considers changes in interest rates, commodity prices and 
foreign exchange rates. Credit risk is also considered in determining fair value. Deterioration in the credit rating of customers 
or other counterparties reduces the fair value of asset contracts. Deterioration of our credit rating could decrease the fair value 
of our derivative liabilities. 

When bilateral netting agreements or similar agreements exist between the Company and its counterparties that create a single 
legal claim or obligation to pay or receive the net amount in settlement of the individual derivative contracts, the Company 
reports derivative assets and liabilities on a net by derivative contract by counterparty basis.

Derivative contracts may also require the Company to provide or receive cash margin as collateral for derivative assets and 
liabilities. Derivative assets and liabilities are reported net of cash margin when certain conditions are met. In addition, 
derivative contracts executed with customers under Customer Risk Management Programs may be secured by non-cash 
collateral in conjunction with a credit agreement with that customer. Access to collateral in the event of default is reasonably 
assured.

Derivative instruments may be designated as cash flow hedges of variable rate assets or liabilities, or of anticipated 
transactions. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated 
other comprehensive income to the extent they are effective. The amount recorded in other comprehensive income is 
reclassified to earnings in the same periods as the hedged cash flows impact earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in fair 
value is reported in current earnings.

BOK Financial may use derivative instruments in managing its interest rate sensitivity, as part of its economic hedge of the 
changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights and to mitigate the market risk of holding trading securities. Changes in 
the fair value of derivative instruments used in managing interest rate sensitivity and as part of its economic hedge of changes 
in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are included in Other Operating Revenue - Gain (loss) on derivatives, net in the 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments used to mitigate the market risk of 
holding trading securities are included in Operating Revenue - Brokerage and trading revenue.

BOK Financial also enters into mortgage loan commitments that are considered derivative contracts. Forward sales contracts 
that have not been designated as hedging instruments are used to economically hedge these mortgage loan commitments as 
well as mortgage loans held for sale. Mortgage loan commitments are carried at fair value based upon quoted prices. Changes 
in the fair value of mortgage loan commitments, mortgage loans held for sale and forward sales contracts are reported in Other 
Operating Revenue - Mortgage Banking Revenue.

90

 
BOK Financial offers programs that permit its customers to manage various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and 
other agricultural products, interest rates and foreign exchange rates with derivative contracts. Customers may also manage 
interest rate risk through interest rate swaps used by the borrower to modify interest rate terms of their loans or to-be-
announced securities used by our mortgage banking customers to hedge their loan production. Derivative contracts are 
executed between the customers and BOK Financial. Offsetting contracts are executed between BOK Financial and other 
selected counterparties to minimize market risk from changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The 
counterparty contracts are identical to customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing spread or fee paid to BOK Financial as 
profit and compensation for administrative costs and credit risk which is recognized over the life of the contracts and included 
in other Operating Revenue - Brokerage and Trading Revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Loans

Loans are either secured or unsecured based on the type of loan and the financial condition of the borrower. Repayment is 
generally expected from cash flow or proceeds from the sale of selected assets of the borrower. BOK Financial is exposed to 
risk of loss on loans due to the borrower's financial difficulties, which may arise from any number of factors, including 
problems within the respective industry or local economic conditions. Access to collateral, in the event of borrower default, is 
reasonably assured through adherence to applicable lending laws and through sound lending standards and credit review 
procedures. Accounting policies for all loans, excluding residential loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are as 
follows.

Interest is accrued at the applicable interest rate on the outstanding principal amount. Loans are placed on nonaccruing status 
when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal or interest is uncertain. Internally risk graded loans are 
individually evaluated for nonaccruing status quarterly. Non-risk graded loans are generally placed on nonaccruing status when 
90 days or more past due or within 60 days of being notified of the borrower's bankruptcy filing. Interest previously accrued 
but not collected is charged against interest income when the loan is placed on nonaccruing status. Payments received on 
nonaccruing loans are applied to principal or recognized as interest income, according to management's judgment as to the 
collectability of principal. Loans may be returned to accruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of 
principal and interest, including principal previously charged off, is probable based on improvements in the borrower's financial 
condition or a sustained period of performance.

Loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties may be modified in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). All TDRs are 
classified as nonaccruing. Modifications generally consist of extension of payment terms or interest rate concessions and may 
result either voluntarily through negotiations with the borrower or involuntarily through court order. Generally, principal and 
accrued but unpaid interest is not voluntarily forgiven. 

Performing loans may be renewed under the current collateral, debt service ratio and other underwriting standards. 
Nonaccruing loans may also be renewed and will remain classified as nonaccruing.

Occasionally, loans, other than residential mortgage loans, may be held for sale in order to manage credit concentration. These 
loans are carried at the lower of cost or fair value with gains or losses recognized in gain (loss) on assets.  

All loans are charged-off when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer supported by the paying capacity 
of the borrower or when the required cash flow is reduced in a TDR. The charge-off amount is determined through an 
evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated quarterly and charge-offs 
are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans that are past due between 60 days and 180 days, 
based on the loan product type, are charged off. Loans to borrowers whose personal obligation has been discharged through 
Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings are charged off within 60 days of notice of the bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment 
status.

Loan origination and commitment fees and direct loan acquisition and origination costs are deferred and amortized as an 
adjustment to yield over the life of the loan or over the commitment period, as applicable. Amortization does not anticipate loan 
prepayments. Net unamortized fees are recognized in full at time of payoff.

91

 
Qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have been sold into GNMA pools. Under 
certain performance conditions specified in government programs, the Company has the right, but not the obligation to 
repurchase loans from GNMA pools. These loans no longer qualify for sale accounting and are recognized in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheet. Guaranteed loans are considered to be impaired because we do not expect to receive all principal and interest 
based on the loan's contractual terms. The principal balance continues to be guaranteed, however, interest accrues at a curtailed 
rate as specified in the programs. The carrying value of these loans is reduced based on an estimate of expected cash flows 
discounted at the original note rate plus a liquidity spread. Guaranteed loans may be modified in TDRs in accordance with U.S. 
government agency guidelines. Interest continues to accrue at the modified rate. U.S. government guaranteed loans may either 
be resold into GNMA pools after a performance period specified by the programs or foreclosed and conveyed to the guarantors.

Loans are disaggregated into portfolio segments and further disaggregated into classes. The portfolio segment is the level at 
which the Company develops and documents a systematic method for determining its Allowance for Credits Losses. Classes 
are based on the risk characteristics of the loans and the Company's method for monitoring and assessing credit risk.

Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk

The appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk (collectively "Allowance for 
Credit Losses") is assessed by management quarterly based on an ongoing quarterly evaluation of the probable estimated losses 
inherent in the portfolio, including probable losses on outstanding loans and unused commitments to provide financing. A 
consistent well-documented methodology has been developed and is applied by an independent Credit Administration 
department to assure consistency across the Company.

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down 
to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances based on estimated loss rates by loan class and nonspecific allowances 
based on factors that affect more than one portfolio segment. There were no changes to the methodology for estimating general 
allowances during 2017 or 2016. 

Loans are considered to be impaired when it becomes probable that BOK Financial will be unable to collect all amounts due 
according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. Internally risk graded loans are evaluated individually for 
impairment. Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and personal loans 
are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers' ability to repay. Certain commercial loans and most residential 
mortgage and personal loans are small balance, homogeneous pools of loans that are not risk graded. Non-risk graded loans are 
identified as impaired based on performance status. Generally, non-risk graded loans 90 days or more past due, modified in a 
troubled debt restructuring or in bankruptcy are considered to be impaired.

Specific allowances for impaired loans are measured by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan's 
initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. The fair value of real property 
held as collateral is generally based on third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal 
Practice, less estimated selling costs. Appraised values are on an “as-is” basis and generally are not adjusted by the 
Company. Updated appraisals are obtained at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values 
may have declined. Collateral value of mineral rights is generally determined by our internal staff of engineers based on 
projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. The value of other 
collateral is generally determined by our special assets staff based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market 
conditions. Collateral values and available cash resources that support impaired loans are evaluated quarterly. Historical 
statistics may be used as a practical way to estimate impairment in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan 
is identified as impaired at the end of a reporting period until an appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of 
future cash flows is completed. Estimates of future cash flows and collateral values require significant judgments and may be 
volatile.

92

General allowances for unimpaired loans are based on an estimated loss rate by loan class. The appropriate historical gross loss 
rate for each loan class is determined by the greater of the current loss rate based on the most recent twelve months or a ten-
year average gross loss rate. Recoveries are not directly considered in the estimation of historical loss rates. Recoveries 
generally do not follow predictable patterns and are not received until well-after the charge-off date as a result of protracted 
legal actions. For risk graded loans, historical gross loss rates are adjusted for changes in risk grading. For each loan class, the 
current weighted average risk grade is compared to the long-term weighted average risk grade. This comparison determines 
whether credit risk in each loan class is increasing or decreasing. Historical loss rates are adjusted upward or downward in 
proportion to changes in average risk grading. General allowances for unimpaired loans also consider inherent risks identified 
for each loan class. Inherent risks consider loss rates that most appropriately represent the current credit cycle and other factors 
attributable to a specific loan class which have not yet been represented in the historical gross loss rates or risk grading. These 
factors include changes in commodity prices or engineering imprecision which may affect the value of reserves that secure our 
energy loan portfolio, construction risk that may affect commercial real estate loans, changes in regulations and public policy 
that may disproportionately impact health care loans and changes in loan products.

Nonspecific allowances are maintained for risks beyond factors specific to a particular portfolio segment or loan class. These 
factors include trends in the economy in our primary lending areas, concentration in large-balance loans and other relevant 
factors. 

An accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is included in Other liabilities. The appropriateness of the accrual is determined in 
the same manner as the allowance for loan losses. 

A provision for credit losses is charged against or credited to earnings in amounts necessary to maintain an appropriate 
Allowance for Credit Losses. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are added to the allowance when received.

Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets

Real estate and other repossessed assets are acquired in partial or total forgiveness of loans. These assets are initially 
recognized at cost, which is determined by fair value at date of foreclosure less estimated disposal costs. They are subsequently 
carried at the lower of cost or current fair value less estimated disposal costs. Decreases in fair value below cost are recognized 
as asset-specific valuation allowances which may be reversed when supported by future increases in fair value. Subsequent 
increases in fair value may be used to reduce the allowance but not below zero.

Fair values of real estate are based on “as is” appraisals which are updated at least annually or more frequently for certain asset 
types or assets located in certain distressed markets. Fair values based on appraisals are generally considered to be based on 
significant other observable inputs. The Company also considers decreases in listing price and other relevant information in 
quarterly evaluations and reduces the carrying value of real estate and other repossessed assets when necessary. Fair values 
based on list prices and other relevant information are generally considered to be based on significant unobservable inputs. 
Additional costs incurred to complete real estate and other repossessed assets may increase the carrying value, up to current fair 
value based on “as completed” appraisals. The fair value of mineral rights included in repossessed assets are generally 
determined by our internal staff of engineers based on projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing 
economic and operating conditions. The value of other repossessed assets is generally determined by our special assets staff 
based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market conditions.

Income generated by these assets is recognized as received. Operating expenses are recognized as incurred. Gains or losses on 
sales of real estate and other repossessed assets are based on the cash proceeds received less the cost basis of the asset, net of 
any valuation allowances. The estimated disposal costs of real estate and other repossessed assets are evaluated by the 
Company on an annual basis based on actual results.

Transfers of Financial Assets

BOK Financial regularly transfers financial assets as part of its mortgage banking activities and periodically may transfer other 
financial assets. Transfers are recorded as sales when the criteria for surrender of control are met.  

The Company has elected to carry certain residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value under the fair value option. 
Changes in fair value are recognized in net income as they occur. These loans are reported separately in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets and changes in fair value are recorded in other operating revenue - mortgage banking revenue in the 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings.  

93

 
 
Fair value of conforming residential mortgage loans that will be sold to U.S. government agencies is based on sales 
commitments or market quotes considered Level 2 inputs. Fair value of mortgage loans that are unable to be sold to U.S. 
government agencies is based on Level 3 inputs using quoted prices of loans that are sold in securitization transactions with a 
liquidity discount applied. The fair value is corroborated with an independent third party on at least an annual basis.  
BOK Financial retains a repurchase obligation under underwriting representations and warranties related to residential 
mortgage loans transferred and generally retains the right to service the loans. The Company may incur a recourse obligation in 
limited circumstances. Separate accruals are recognized in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for repurchase 
and recourse obligations. These reserves reflect the estimated amount of probable loss the Company will incur as a result of 
repurchasing a loan, indemnifications, and other settlement resolutions.  

Repurchases of loans with an origination defect that are also credit impaired are considered collateral dependent and are 
initially recognized at net realizable value (appraised value less the cost to sell). The difference between unpaid principal 
balance and net realizable value is not accreted. Repurchases of loans with an origination defect that are not credit impaired are 
carried at fair value as of the repurchase date. Interest income continues to accrue on these loans and the discount is accreted 
over the estimated life of the loan.

The Company may also choose to purchase GNMA loans once certain mandated delinquency criteria are met. The loans that 
are eligible and are chosen to be repurchased are initially recognized at fair value based on expected cash flow discounted using 
the average agency guaranteed debenture rates, average actual principal loss rates and liquidity premium.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights may be purchased or may be recognized when mortgage loans are originated and sold with servicing 
rights retained. All mortgage servicing rights are carried at fair value. Changes in the fair value are recognized in earnings as 
they occur.

Mortgage servicing rights are not traded in active markets. A cash flow model is used to determine fair value. Key assumptions 
and estimates, including projected prepayment speeds and assumed servicing costs, earnings on escrow deposits, ancillary 
income and discount rates, used by this model are based on current market sources. Assumptions used to value mortgage 
servicing rights are considered significant unobservable inputs. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment 
speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant 
factors. The prepayment model is updated daily for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual 
performance of BOK Financial's servicing portfolio. Fair value estimates from outside sources are received at least annually to 
corroborate the results of the valuation model.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are carried at cost, including capitalized interest when appropriate, less accumulated depreciation and 
amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets 
or, for leasehold improvements, over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or remaining lease terms. Useful lives range from 
5 years to 40 years for buildings and improvements, 3 years to 10 years for software and 3 years to 10 years for furniture and 
equipment. Construction in progress represents facilities construction and data processing systems projects underway that have 
not yet been placed into service. Depreciation and amortization begin once the assets are placed into service. 

Repair and maintenance costs, including software maintenance and enhancement costs, are charged to expense as incurred. 
Software licensing costs are generally charged to expense as incurred. Software licensing costs are capitalized if the contractual 
right to take possession of the software exists and it is feasible to take possession without significant penalty. Capitalized costs 
are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the software or remaining contractual life of the license.

Premises no longer used by the Company are transferred to real estate and other repossessed assets. The transferred amount is 
the lower of cost less accumulated depreciation or fair value less estimated disposal costs as of the transfer date.

Rent expense for leased premises is recognized as incurred over the lease term. The effects of rent holidays, significant rent 
escalations and other adjustments to rent payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Ongoing technology projects of significant size or length are reviewed at least annually for impairment. Accumulated costs are 
reviewed for projects or components of projects that do not support the value of the asset being developed. Findings of 
obsolescence, duplicate effort or other conditions that do not support the recorded value are impaired, with the cost of the 
impaired components being charged to current-year earnings.

94

 
 
Federal and State Income Taxes

BOK Financial and its subsidiaries file consolidated tax returns. The subsidiaries provide for income taxes on a separate return 
basis and remit to BOK Financial amounts determined to be currently payable. BOK Financial is agent for its subsidiaries 
under the Company's tax sharing agreements and has no ownership rights to any refunds received for the benefit of its 
subsidiaries. 

Current income tax expense or benefit is based on an evaluation that considers estimated taxable income, tax credits, and 
statutory federal and state income tax rates. The amount of current income tax expense or benefit recognized in any period may 
differ from amounts reported to taxing authorities. Annually, tax returns are filed with each jurisdiction where the Company 
conducts business and recognized current income tax expense or benefit is adjusted to the filed tax returns.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based upon the temporary differences between the values of assets and liabilities as 
recognized in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in statutory tax rates on the measurement of deferred 
tax assets and liabilities is recognized through income tax expense in the period the change is enacted. A valuation allowance is 
provided when it is more likely than not that some portion of the entire deferred tax asset may not be realized.  

BOK Financial has unrecognized tax benefits, which are included in accrued current income taxes payable, for the uncertain 
portion of recorded tax benefits and related interest. These uncertainties result from the application of complex tax laws, rules, 
regulations and interpretations, primarily in state taxing jurisdictions. Unrecognized tax benefits are assessed quarterly and may 
be adjusted through current income tax expense in future periods based on changing facts and circumstances, completion of 
examinations by taxing authorities or expiration of a statute of limitations. Estimated penalties and interest on uncertain tax 
positions are recognized in income tax expense.

Employee Benefit Plans

BOK Financial sponsors a defined benefit cash balance pension plan (“Pension Plan”), a defined contribution plan (“Thrift 
Plan”) and employee health care plans. Pension Plan costs, which are based upon actuarial computations of current costs, are 
expensed annually. Unrecognized prior service cost and net gains or losses are amortized on a straight-line basis over a period 
not to exceed the average remaining service periods of the participants. Employer contributions to the Pension Plan are in 
accordance with Federal income tax regulations. Pension Plan benefits were curtailed as of April 1, 2006. No participants may 
be added to the Pension Plan and no additional service benefits will be accrued.

BOK Financial recognizes the funded status of its employee benefit plans. For a pension plan, the funded status is the 
difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation measured as of the fiscal year-end 
date. Adjustments required to recognize the Pension Plan's net funded status are made through accumulated other 
comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes.

Employer contributions to the Thrift Plan, which matches employee contributions subject to percentage and years of service 
limits, are expensed when incurred. BOK Financial recognizes the expense of health care benefits on the accrual method.

Share-Based Compensation Plans

BOK Financial awards stock options and non-vested common shares as compensation to certain officers. Compensation cost is 
generally fixed based on the grant date fair value of the award. The grant date fair value of stock options is based on the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. Stock options generally have graded vesting over 7 years. Each tranche is considered a separate 
award for valuation and compensation cost recognition. Grant date fair value of non-vested shares is based on the then-current 
market value of BOK Financial common stock. Non-vested shares awarded since January 1, 2013 generally cliff vest in 3 years 
and are subject to a two year holding period after vesting. Shares awarded under the Executive Incentive Plan are subject to 
downward adjustment at the discretion of the Incentive Compensation Committee. Compensation cost of non-vested shares 
granted under the Executive Incentive Plan varies based on changes in the fair value of BOKF common shares.   

Compensation cost is recognized as expense over the service period, which is generally the vesting period. Expense is reduced 
for estimated forfeitures over the vesting period and adjusted for actual forfeitures as they occur. Stock-based compensation 
awarded to certain officers has performance conditions that affect the number of awards granted. Compensation cost is adjusted 
based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions. 

95

 
 
 
Tax effects of share-based payments are recognized through tax expense. Dividends on non-vested shares that are not subject to 
forfeiture are charged to retained earnings.. 

Other Operating Revenue

Fees and commission revenue is recognized at the time the related services are provided or products are sold and may be 
accrued when appropriate. Accrued fees and commissions are reversed against revenue if amounts are subsequently deemed to 
be uncollectible. Revenue is recognized on a gross basis whenever we have primary responsibility and risk in providing the 
services or products to our customers and on a net basis whenever we act as an agent for products or services of others.

Brokerage and trading revenue includes realized and unrealized gains and losses from securities and derivatives held for trading 
purposes and derivatives held for customer risk management programs, including credit losses, commissions earned from the 
retail sale of securities, mutual funds and other financial instruments, and underwriting and financial advisory fees.

Transaction card revenue includes merchant discount fees and electronic funds transfer network fees. Merchant discount fees 
represent fees paid by customers for account management and electronic processing of transactions. Merchant discount fees are 
recognized at the time the customer's transactions are processed or other services are performed. The Company also maintains 
the TransFund electronic funds transfer network for the benefit of its members, which includes BOKF, NA. Electronic funds 
transfer fees are recognized as electronic transactions are processed on behalf of its members. 

Fiduciary and asset management revenue includes fees from asset management, custody, recordkeeping, investment advisory 
and administration services. Revenue is recognized on an accrual basis at the time the services are performed and may be based 
on either the fair value of the account or the service provided.

Deposit service charges and fees are recognized at least quarterly in accordance with a published deposit account agreements 
and disclosure statements for retail accounts or contractual agreements for commercial accounts. Item charges for overdraft or 
non-sufficient funds items are recognized as items are presented for payment. Account balance charges and activity fees are 
accrued monthly and collected in arrears. Commercial account activity fees may be offset by an earnings credit based on 
account balances. Check card fees represent interchange fees paid by a merchant bank for transactions processed from cards 
issued by the Company. Check card fees are recognized when transactions are processed. Interchange fees are generally 
recognized on a gross basis. Related expenses are generally recognized as Data processing and communications expense.

Newly Adopted and Pending Accounting Pronouncements

The following is a summary of newly adopted and pending accounting pronouncements that may have a more than 
insignificant effect on the Company's financial statements. 

Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09")

On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue by providing a more robust 
framework that will give greater consistency and comparability in revenue recognition practices. In the new framework, an 
entity recognizes revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for 
goods or services. The new model requires the identification of performance obligations included in contracts with customers, a 
determination of the transaction price and an allocation of the price to those performance obligations. The entity recognizes 
revenue when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenue from financial assets and liabilities is explicitly excluded from 
the scope of ASU 2014-09. Management adopted the standard in the first quarter of 2018. There were no significant cumulative 
effect adjustments as a result of implementation as of January 1, 2018 as our current revenue recognition policies generally 
conform with the principals in ASU 2014-09.

96

 
FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent 
Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) ("ASU 2016-08")

On March 17, 2016, the FASB Issued ASU 2016-08 to amend the principal versus agent implementation guidance in ASU 
2014-09. The ASU clarifies that an entity should evaluate whether it is the principal or the agent for each specified good or 
service promised in a contract with a customer. ASU 2016-08 is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods 
beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Management expects that 
interchange fees paid to issuing banks for card transactions processed related to its merchant processing services currently 
included in data processing and communication expense, will be netted against the amounts charged to the merchant in 
transaction card processing revenue. For 2017, interchange fees related to merchant processing services were approximately 
$39 million. 

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and 
Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01")

On January 5, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 over the recognition and measurement of financial assets and liabilities. 
The update requires equity investments, in general, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in 
earnings. It also eliminates the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value 
for financial instruments measured at amortized cost, requires entities to use the exit price notion when measuring fair value, 
requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability 
resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the fair value option has been elected, requires separate 
presentation of financial assets and liabilities by measurement category and form on the balance sheet or accompanying notes, 
clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale 
securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets, and simplifies the impairment assessment of equity 
investments without readily determinable fair values. The ASU is effective for the Company for interim and annual periods 
beginning after December 15, 2017. Upon adoption, unrealized gains and losses from equity securities will be reclassified from 
other comprehensive income to retained earnings. At December 31, 2017, the Company had $2.7 million of net unrealized 
gains included in accumulated other comprehensive income.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02")

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets 
and liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Lessees will be required to 
recognize an obligation for future lease payments measured on a discounted basis and a right-of-use asset. The ASU is effective 
for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and requires transition through a modified 
retrospective approach for leases existing at or entered into after January 1, 2017. The Company currently estimates that 
implementation of ASU 2016-02 will increase reported right of use assets and liabilities by approximately $100 million to $150 
million. 

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to 
Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09")

On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 to simplify multiple aspects of accounting for employee share-based 
payment transactions including accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements. The ASU 
became effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those 
annual reporting periods. Implementation of ASU 2016-09 decreased tax expense $2.8 million in 2017. 

97

 
FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Assets Measured at 
Amortized Cost ("ASU 2016-13")

On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 in order to provide more timely recording of credit losses on loans and other 
financial instruments. The ASU adds an impairment model (known as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model) that is 
based on expected credit losses rather than incurred credit losses. It requires measurement of all expected credit losses for 
financial assets carried at amortized cost, including loans and investment securities, based on historical experience, current 
conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 also changes the recognition of other-than-temporary 
impairment of available for sale securities to an allowance methodology from a direct write-down methodology. ASU 2016-13 
will be effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods 
within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. ASU 
2016-13 will be applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting 
period in which the guidance is effective. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on the 
Company's financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash 
Receipts and Cash Payments ("ASU 2016-15")

On August 26, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, which amends guidance in ASC 230 on the classification of certain cash 
receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. The amendments address eight cash flow issues. ASU 2016-15 is 
effective for the Company for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Entities generally must 
apply the guidance retrospectively to all periods presented. Adoption of ASU 2016-15 is not expected to have a material impact 
on the Company's financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting 
for Hedging Activities ("ASU 2017-12")

On August 28, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, which amends the hedge accounting recognition and presentation 
requirements in ASC 815 in order to improve transparency and understandability of information and reduce the complexity. 
The update expands the types of transactions eligible for hedge accounting, eliminates the requirement to separately measure 
and present hedge ineffectiveness, simplifies hedge effectiveness assessments and updates documentation and presentation 
requirements. The update allows the reclassification of certain debt securities from held to maturity to available for sale if the 
debt security is eligible to be hedged under the last-of-layer method. ASU 2017-12 is effective for the Company for fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein; however, early adoption is permitted. The Company is 
evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2017-12 will have on the Company's financial statements.  

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): 
Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2018-02")

On February 10, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive 
income to retained earnings for the tax effect of temporary differences originated through comprehensive income resulting from 
the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "stranded tax effects"). ASU 2018-02 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2018-02 and reclassified $6.6 
million of stranded tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.

98

 
(2) Securities 

Trading Securities

The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in trading securities is as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Fair Value

Net
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

Fair Value

Net
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

U.S. government agency debentures

$

21,196

$

8

$

6,234

$

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Asset-backed securities

Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Investment Securities

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

(517)

83

(26)

4

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

$

462,676

$

(448) $

337,628

$

(4)

635

50

—

57

738

The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities are as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2017

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

Gross Unrealized

Gain

Loss

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

$

228,186

$

230,349

$

2,967

$

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities – Other

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

15,891

217,716

16,242

233,444

446

17,095

$

461,793

$

480,035

$

20,508

$

(804)

(95)

(1,367)

(2,266)

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

$

320,364

$

321,225

$

2,272

$

(1,411)

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities – Other

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

20,777

205,004

21,473

222,795

767

18,115

(71)

(324)

$

546,145

$

565,493

$

21,154

$

(1,806)

December 31, 2016

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

Gross Unrealized

Gain

Loss

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2017, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the 
following table (dollars in thousands):

Less than
One Year

One to
Five Years

Six to
Ten Years

Over
Ten Years

Total

Weighted
Average
Maturity²

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities:

Carrying value

Fair value

Nominal yield¹

Other debt securities:

Carrying value

Fair value

Nominal yield

Total fixed maturity securities:

Carrying value

Fair value

Nominal yield

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

Carrying value

Fair value
Nominal yield4

Total investment securities:

Carrying value

Fair value

Nominal yield

$

102,569

$

102,414

$

74,738

74,467

$

14,929

15,538

35,950

37,930

$

228,186

230,349

1.82%

2.34%

5.06%

5.19%

2.73%

$

$

13,996

14,058

51,502

53,827

$

135,233

$

149,517

16,985

16,042

$

217,716

233,444

4.24%

4.75%

5.69%

4.36%

5.27%

$

116,565

$

126,240

$

150,162

$

116,472

128,294

165,055

52,935

53,972

$

445,902

463,793

2.11%

3.32%

5.63%

4.92%

3.97%

  $

15,891

16,242

2.76%

  $

461,793

480,035

3.93%

3.51

6.23

4.83

³

1  Calculated on a taxable equivalent basis using a 39% effective tax rate.
2  Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without 

penalty.

3  The average expected lives of residential mortgage-backed securities were 4.8 years based upon current prepayment assumptions.
4  The nominal yield on residential mortgage-backed securities is based upon prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may 
differ significantly based upon actual prepayments. See Quarterly Financial Summary - Unaudited for current yields on the investment securities 
portfolio.

100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available for Sale Securities 

The amortized cost and fair value of available for sale securities are as follows (in thousands):

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

U.S. government agencies:

FNMA

FHLMC

GNMA

Total U.S. government agencies

Private issue

Total residential mortgage-backed securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

U.S. government agencies:

FNMA

FHLMC

GNMA

Total U.S. government agencies

Private issue

Total residential mortgage-backed securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

December 31, 2017

Gross Unrealized

Gain

Loss

OTTI

$

1,000

$

1,000

$

27,182

27,080

— $

181

— $

(283)

3,021,551

1,545,971

787,626

2,997,563

1,531,009

780,580

5,355,148

5,309,152

74,311

93,221

5,429,459

5,402,373

2,858,885

2,834,961

25,500

12,562

14,487

25,481

15,767

14,916

11,549

3,148

1,607

16,304

19,301

35,605

1,963

50

3,205

515

(35,537)

(18,110)

(8,653)

(62,300)

—

(62,300)

(25,887)

(69)

—

(86)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(391)

(391)

—

—

—

—

$ 8,369,075

$

8,321,578

$

41,519

$

(88,625) $

(391)

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

December 31, 2016

Gross Unrealized

Gain

Loss

OTTI

$

1,000

$

999

$

41,050

40,993

— $

343

(1) $

(400)

3,062,525

1,534,451

878,375

3,055,676

1,531,116

873,594

5,475,351

5,460,386

101,192

115,535

5,576,543

5,575,921

3,035,750

3,017,933

4,400

15,561

17,424

4,152

18,474

18,357

25,066

8,475

2,259

35,800

14,577

50,377

5,472

—

2,913

1,060

(31,915)

(11,810)

(7,040)

(50,765)

(16)

(50,781)

(23,289)

(248)

—

(127)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(218)

(218)

—

—

—

—

$

8,691,728

$

8,676,829

$

60,165

$

(74,846) $

(218)

101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The amortized cost and fair values of available for sale securities at December 31, 2017, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the 
following table (dollars in thousands): 

Less than
One Year

One to
Five Years

Six to
Ten Years

Over
Ten Years

Total

Weighted
Average
Maturity5

U.S. Treasury securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield¹

Commercial mortgage-backed securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

Other debt securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

Total fixed maturity securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value
Nominal yield4

Perpetual preferred stock. equity securities

and mutual funds:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

Total available-for-sale securities:

Amortized cost

Fair value

Nominal yield

$

— $

— $

$

1,000

1,000

0.87%

9,008

9,022

—

—%

2,680

2,811

3.45%

6.04%

—

—%

—

—

—%

$

—

—

—%

15,494

15,247

2.26% 6

1,000

1,000

0.87%

27,182

27,080

3.03%

22,742

22,667

970,611

965,099

1,604,465

1,590,107

261,067

257,088

2,858,885

2,834,961

1.49%

1.93%

2.03%

2.03%

1.99%

—

—

—%

—

—

—%

—

—

—%

25,500

25,481

1.59%

25,500

25,481

1.59%

0.04

9.15

7.17

14.68

$

32,750

32,689

$

973,291

$ 1,604,465

$

302,061

$

2,912,567

7.25

967,910

1,590,107

297,816

2,888,522

2.01%

1.94%

2.03%

2.01%

2.00%

2

³

$

5,429,459

5,402,373

2.04%

$

27,049

30,683

—%

$

8,369,075

8,321,578

2.02%

1  Calculated on a taxable equivalent basis using a 39% effective tax rate.
2  The average expected lives of mortgage-backed securities were 4.2 years based upon current prepayment assumptions.
3  Primarily common stock and preferred stock of corporate issuers with no stated maturity.
4  The nominal yield on mortgage-backed securities is based upon prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may differ 
significantly based upon actual prepayments. See Quarterly Financial Summary –– Unaudited following for current yields on available for sale 
securities portfolio.

5  Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities, because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without 

penalty.

6  Nominal yield on municipal and other tax-exempt securities and other debt securities with contractual maturity dates over ten years are based on 

variable rates which generally are reset within 35 days. 

102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales of available for sale securities resulted in gains and losses as follows (in thousands):

Proceeds

Gross realized gains

Gross realized losses

Related federal and state income tax expense

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

1,309,215

$

899,381

$

1,600,380

10,223

(5,795)

1,722

11,696

(21)

4,542

15,849

(3,791)

4,691

A summary of investment and available for sale securities that have been pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements, public trust 
funds on deposit and for other purposes, as required by law was as follows (in thousands):

Investment:

Carrying value

Fair value

Available for sale:

Amortized cost

Fair value

The secured parties do not have the right to sell or re-pledge these securities. 

December 31,

2017

2016

$

226,852

$

229,429

322,208

323,808

7,151,468

7,089,346

7,353,116

7,327,470

103

 
Temporarily Impaired Securities as of December 31, 2017
(In thousands)

Investment:

Municipal and other tax-exempt

securities

U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities – Other

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt

securities

Residential mortgage-backed

securities:

U.S. government agencies:

FNMA

FHLMC

GNMA

Total U.S. agencies
Private issue1

Total residential mortgage-backed

securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

guaranteed by U.S. government
agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Number
of
Securities

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

100

$

145,960

$

643

$

5,833

$

161

$

151,793

$

804

1

49

—

20,091

—

1,238

3,356

3,076

150

$

166,051

$

1,881

$

12,265

$

95

129

385

3,356

23,167

$

178,316

$

95

1,367

2,266

Number
of
Securities

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

19

12,765

18

4,802

265

17,567

113

69

27

209

8

1,203,041

863,778

201,887

9,618

7,297

1,452

824,029

385,816

248,742

2,268,706

18,367

1,458,587

5,898

391

—

25,919

10,813

7,201

43,933

—

2,027,070

1,249,594

450,629

3,727,293

5,898

—

283

35,537

18,110

8,653

62,300

391

217

2,274,604

18,758

1,458,587

43,933

3,733,191

62,691

185

2

—

111

1,465,703

19,959

—

911

11,824

652,296

14,063

2,117,999

25,887

41

—

7

472

—

2,203

28

—

79

20,431

—

3,114

69

—

86

89,016

Total available for sale securities
1  Includes securities for which an unrealized loss remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income.

$ 3,773,942

$ 5,892,302

$ 2,118,360

30,648

58,368

534

$

$

$

104

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporarily Impaired Securities as of December 31, 2016
(In thousands)

Number
of
Securities

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Investment:

Municipal and other tax- exempt

securities

U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities – Other

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

151

$

219,892

$

1,316

$

4,333

$

95

$

224,225

$

1,411

1

41

4,358

11,820

71

322

—

855

193

$

236,070

$

1,709

$

5,188

$

—

2

97

4,358

12,675

71

324

$

241,258

$

1,806

Number
of
Securities

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

1

$

999

$

1

$

— $

— $

999

$

24

15,666

22

4,689

378

20,355

91

58

31

180

6

1,787,644

964,017

548,637

3,300,298

7,931

30,238

11,210

6,145

47,593

174

72,105

18,307

25,796

116,208

13,508

1,677

1,859,749

600

895

982,324

574,433

3,172

3,416,506

60

21,439

1

400

31,915

11,810

7,040

50,765

234

186

3,308,229

47,767

129,716

3,232

3,437,945

50,999

Available for sale:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt

securities

Residential mortgage-backed

securities:

U. S. government agencies:

FNMA

FHLMC

GNMA

Total U.S. agencies
Private issue1

Total residential mortgage-backed

securities

Commercial mortgage-backed

securities guaranteed by U.S.
government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

171

2

—

104

1,904,584

22,987

—

—

2,127

—

—

41

38,875

4,152

—

817

302

248

—

86

1,943,459

23,289

4,152

—

2,944

248

—

127

75,064

Total available for sale securities
1  Includes securities for which an unrealized loss remains in AOCI after an other-than-temporary credit loss has been recognized in income.

$ 5,409,854

$ 5,231,605

178,249

70,818

4,246

488

$

$

$

$

Based on separate evaluations of impaired debt and equity securities, including perpetual preferred stocks, as of December 31, 2017, 
the Company does not intend to sell any impaired available for sale securities before fair value recovers to the current amortized cost 
and it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell impaired securities before fair value recovers, which may 
be maturity. 

No other-than-temporary impairment losses were recorded in earnings during 2017 and none were recorded in 2016. Cumulative 
other-than-temporary impairment on available for sale securities was $55 million at December 31, 2017. 

105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Option Securities

Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value and are separately identified on 
the Consolidated Balance Sheets with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur. Certain residential mortgage-
backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and derivative contracts are held as an economic hedge of the mortgage 
servicing rights. 

The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in Fair value option securities is as follows (in thousands):

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

$

755,054

$

(1,877) $

77,046

$

(1,777)

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Fair Value

Net
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

Fair Value

Net
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

Restricted Equity Securities

Restricted equity securities include stock we are required to hold as members of the Federal Reserve system and the Federal Home 
Loan Banks ("FHLB"). Restricted equity securities are carried at cost as these securities do not have a readily determined fair value 
because ownership of these shares is restricted and they lack a market. A summary of restricted equity securities follows (in 
thousands):

Federal Reserve Bank stock

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

Other

Total

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

40,746

$

279,200

243

36,498

270,541

201

320,189

$

307,240

106

 
 
 
(3) Derivatives 

The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in 
the balance sheet at December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Assets

Notional1

Gross
Fair
Value

Netting
Adjustments

Net Fair
Value
Before
Cash
Collateral

Cash
Collateral

Fair Value
Net of Cash
Collateral

Customer risk management programs:

Interest rate contracts

To-be-announced residential mortgage-

backed securities

Interest rate swaps

Energy contracts

Agricultural contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Equity option contracts

$ 12,347,542

$ 23,606

$

(18,096) $

5,510

$

— $

1,478,944

28,278

1,190,067

103,044

53,238

1,576

132,397

129,551

99,633

5,503

—

(47,873)

(960)

—

—

28,278

55,171

616

129,551

5,503

(4,964)

(196)

—

(448)

(920)

Total customer risk management programs

15,301,821

291,558

(66,929)

224,629

(6,528)

Internal risk management programs

4,736,701

9,494

(7,093)

2,401

—

5,510

23,314

54,975

616

129,103

4,583

218,101

2,401

Total derivative contracts

$ 20,038,522

$ 301,052

$

(74,022) $ 227,030

$

(6,528) $

220,502

Liabilities

Notional¹

Gross
Fair
Value

Netting
Adjustments

Net Fair
Value
Before
Cash
Collateral

Cash
Collateral

Fair Value
Net of Cash
Collateral

Customer risk management programs:

Interest rate contracts

To-be-announced residential mortgage-

backed securities

Interest rate swaps

Energy contracts

Agricultural contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Equity option contracts

$ 11,537,742

$ 20,367

$

(18,096) $

2,271

$

(704) $

1,478,944

28,298

1,166,924

101,603

48,552

1,551

126,251

123,321

99,633

5,503

—

(47,873)

(960)

—

—

28,298

53,730

591

123,321

5,503

(12,896)

(42,767)

—

(53)

—

Total customer risk management programs

14,458,046

280,643

(66,929)

213,714

(56,420)

Internal risk management programs

5,728,421

21,762

(7,093)

14,669

—

1,567

15,402

10,963

591

123,268

5,503

157,294

14,669

Total derivative contracts
1  Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the 

(74,022) $ 228,383

$ (56,420) $

$ 20,186,467

$ 302,405

$

171,963

contract.

107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in 
the balance sheet at December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

Assets

Notional1

Gross
Fair
Value

Netting
Adjustments

Net Fair
Value
Before
Cash
Collateral

Cash
Collateral

Fair Value
Net of Cash
Collateral

$ 16,949,152

$ 180,695

$

(60,555) $ 120,140

$

— $

120,140

1,403,408

835,566

53,209

580,886

100,924

34,442

64,140

1,382

494,349

4,357

—

(28,298)

(515)

—

—

34,442

35,842

867

494,349

4,357

(4,567)

(71)

—

(5,183)

(730)

Customer risk management programs:

Interest rate contracts

To-be-announced residential mortgage-

backed securities

Interest rate swaps

Energy contracts

Agricultural contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Equity option contracts

Total customer risk management programs

19,923,145

779,365

(89,368)

689,997

(10,551)

Internal risk management programs

2,514,169

10,426

—

10,426

—

Total derivative contracts

$ 22,437,314

$ 789,791

$

(89,368) $ 700,423

$ (10,551) $

689,872

Liabilities

Notional¹

Gross
Fair
Value

Netting
Adjustments

Net Fair
Value
Before
Cash
Collateral

Cash
Collateral

Fair Value
Net of Cash
Collateral

$ 16,637,532

$ 176,928

$

(60,555) $ 116,373

$

— $

116,373

1,403,408

820,365

53,216

580,712

100,924

34,442

64,306

1,365

494,695

4,357

—

(28,298)

(515)

—

—

34,442

36,008

850

494,695

4,357

(11,977)

(31,534)

(769)

(3,630)

—

Customer risk management programs:

Interest rate contracts

To-be-announced residential mortgage-

backed securities

Interest rate swaps

Energy contracts

Agricultural contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Equity option contracts

Total customer risk management programs

19,596,157

776,093

(89,368)

686,725

(47,910)

Internal risk management programs

2,582,202

25,716

—

25,716

—

Total derivative contracts
1  Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the 

(89,368) $ 712,441

$ (47,910) $

$ 22,178,359

$ 801,809

$

664,531

contract.

108

29,875

35,771

867

489,166

3,627

679,446

10,426

22,465

4,474

81

491,065

4,357

638,815

25,716

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following summarizes the pre-tax net gains (losses) on derivative instruments and where they are recorded in the Consolidated 
Statements of Earnings (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

Brokerage
and 
Trading 
Revenue

Gain (Loss)
on 
Derivatives, 
Net

Brokerage
and 
Trading
Revenue

Gain (Loss)
on 
Derivatives,
Net

Brokerage
and 
Trading
Revenue

Gain (Loss)
on 
Derivatives,
Net

Customer risk management programs:

Interest rate contracts

To-be-announced residential mortgage-

backed securities

Interest rate swaps

Energy contracts

Agricultural contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Equity option contracts

Total customer risk management programs

Internal risk management programs

Total derivative contracts

$

48,761

$

$

34,532

$

— $

38,523

$

— $

33,877

$

2,647

5,536

79

1,352

—

44,146

4,615

—

—

—

—

—

—

779

779

2,589

5,027

111

945

—

47,195

(4,592)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(15,685)

2,066

4,060

123

797

—

40,923

(209)

$

42,603

$

(15,685) $

40,714

$

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

430

430

As discussed in Note 7, certain derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to mortgage loan 
commitments and forward sales contracts are included in Residential mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets. See Note 7 for additional discussion of notional, fair value and impact on earnings of these contracts.

No derivative contracts have been designated as hedging instruments for financial reporting purposes.

109

 
 
 
 
 
 
(4) Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses 

The portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2017

Fixed
Rate

Variable
Rate

Non-
accrual

Total

Fixed
Rate

December 31, 2016

Variable
Rate

Non-
accrual

Total

Commercial

$ 2,217,432

$ 8,379,240

$ 137,303

$ 10,733,975

$ 2,327,085

$ 7,884,786

$ 178,953

$ 10,390,824

Commercial real

estate

548,692

2,928,440

Residential mortgage

1,608,655

154,517

317,584

810,990

2,855

47,447

269

3,479,987

624,187

3,179,338

1,973,686

1,647,357

965,776

154,971

256,255

684,697

5,521

46,220

290

3,809,046

1,949,832

839,958

Personal

Total

Accruing loans past 
due (90 days)1
Foregone interest on
nonaccrual loans

$ 4,529,296

$ 12,436,254

$ 187,874

$ 17,153,424

$ 4,753,600

$ 12,005,076

$ 230,984

$ 16,989,660

  $

633

$

16,496

  $

5

$

15,990

1  Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government.

At December 31, 2017, loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $5.8 billion or 
34% of the total loan portfolio. Loans to businesses and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.3 
billion or 19% of our total loan portfolio. Loans for which the collateral location is not relevant, such as unsecured loans and 
reserve-based energy loans, are distributed by the borrower’s primary operating location. These geographic concentrations 
subject the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within these areas. At December 31, 2016, loans to businesses and 
individuals with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $5.4 billion or 32% of the loan portfolio and loans to businesses 
and individuals with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $3.5 billion or 21% of the loan portfolio.

Commercial

Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other 
needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. Commercial loans are underwritten 
individually and represent on-going relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and 
market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts 
receivable, operating equipment, interest in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the 
owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the on-going cash flow from operations of the 
customer’s business. Inherent lending risk is centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of 
the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies.

At December 31, 2017, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $3.6 billion or 34% of the 
commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $2.0 billion or 
18% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The commercial loan portfolio segment is further divided into loan classes. The 
services loan class totaled $3.0 billion or 17% of total loans. Approximately $1.5 billion of loans in the services class consisted 
of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Businesses included in the services class include governmental, 
educational, commercial services, consumer services and utilities. The energy loan class totaled $2.9 billion or 17% of total 
loans, including $2.5 billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. Approximately 57% of committed production loans were 
secured by properties primarily producing oil and 43% are secured by properties producing natural gas. The healthcare loan 
class totaled $2.3 billion or 13% of total loans. The healthcare loan class consists primarily of loans for the development and 
operation of senior housing and care facilities, including independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing. Healthcare also 
includes loans to hospitals and other medical service providers. 

At December 31, 2016, commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Texas totaled $3.3 billion or 32% of the 
commercial loan portfolio segment and commercial loans with collateral primarily located in Oklahoma totaled $2.1 billion or 
21% of the commercial loan portfolio segment. The energy loan class totaled $2.5 billion or 15% of total loans, including $2.0 
billion of outstanding loans to energy producers. At December 31, 2016, approximately 57% of committed production loans 
were secured by properties primarily producing oil and 43% were secured by properties producing natural gas. The services 
loan class totaled $3.1 billion or 18% of total loans. Approximately $1.4 billion of loans in the services category consisted of 
loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. The healthcare loan class totaled $2.2 billion or 13% of total loans.

110

 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans are for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by 
borrowers for investment purposes primarily within our geographical footprint. We require collateral values in excess of the 
loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a 
portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant 
new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy 
rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from 
underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies.

At December 31, 2017, 35% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties primarily located in the Dallas and 
Houston areas of Texas. An additional 12% of commercial real estate loans are secured by properties located primarily in the 
Tulsa and Oklahoma City metropolitan areas of Oklahoma. At December 31, 2016, 30% of commercial real estate loans were 
secured by properties in Texas, 11% of commercial real estate loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma.

Residential Mortgage and Personal

Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow 
against the equity in their home. Residential mortgage loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the customer’s 
primary residence. Personal loans consist primarily of loans secured by the cash surrender value of insurance policies and 
marketable securities. It also includes direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, recreational and marine 
equipment as well as other unsecured loans. Residential mortgage and personal loans are made in accordance with underwriting 
policies. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and 
employment stability. Residential mortgage loans retained in the Company’s portfolio are primarily composed of various 
mortgage programs to support customer relationships including jumbo mortgage loans, non-builder construction loans and 
special loan programs for high net worth individuals and certain professionals. Jumbo loans may be fixed or variable rate and 
are fully amortizing. Jumbo loans generally conform to government sponsored entity standards, except that the loan size 
exceeds maximums required under these standards. These loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 720 and a 
maximum debt-to-income ratio (“DTI”) of 38%. Loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios are tiered from 60% to 100%, depending on the 
market. Special mortgage programs include fixed and variable fully amortizing loans tailored to the needs of certain healthcare 
professionals. Variable rate loans are fully indexed at origination and may have fixed rates for three to ten years, then adjust 
annually thereafter. 

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, residential mortgage loans included $198 million and $199 million, respectively, of loans 
guaranteed by U.S. government agencies previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools. These loans either have been 
repurchased or are eligible to be repurchased by the Company when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Although 
payments on these loans generally are past due more than 90 days, interest continues to accrue based on the government 
guarantee.

Home equity loans totaled $733 million at December 31, 2017 and $744 million at December 31, 2016. At December 31, 2017, 
64% of the home equity loan portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 36% of the home equity portfolio was comprised 
of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 46% to amortizing term loans and 54% to revolving lines of credit. At 
December 31, 2016, 65% of the home equity portfolio was comprised of first lien loans and 35% of the home equity loan 
portfolio was comprised of junior lien loans. Junior lien loans were distributed 52% to amortizing term loans and 48% to 
revolving lines of credit. Home equity loans generally require a minimum FICO score of 700 and a maximum DTI of 40%. The 
maximum loan amount available for our home equity loan products is generally $400 thousand. Revolving loans have a 5 year 
revolving period followed by 15 year term of amortizing repayments. Interest-only home equity loans may not be extended for 
any additional revolving time. All other home equity loans may be extended at management's discretion for an additional 5 year 
revolving term subject to an update of certain credit information.

At December 31, 2017, 31% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Oklahoma, 30% of residential 
mortgage loans are secured by properties located in Texas and 11% of residential mortgage are secured by properties located in 
Colorado. At December 31, 2016, 33% of residential mortgage loans were secured by properties in Oklahoma, 29% of 
residential mortgage were secured by properties in Texas, 10% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in New 
Mexico and 10% of residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in Colorado.

111

Credit Commitments

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in 
the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a 
fee. At December 31, 2017, outstanding commitments totaled $10.0 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire 
before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial 
uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans.

The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based upon management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. 
Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan 
commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, 
BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan 
commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the 
underlying loan commitment. At December 31, 2017, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $648 million. Commercial 
letters of credit are used to facilitate customer trade transactions with the drafts being drawn when the underlying transaction is 
consummated. At December 31, 2017, outstanding commercial letters of credit totaled $3.2 million.

Allowances for Credit Losses

BOK Financial maintains an allowance for loan losses and an accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk. The accrual for off-
balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments 
that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees. As discussed in 
greater detail in Note 7, the Company also has separate accruals related to off-balance sheet credit risk related to residential 
mortgage loans previously sold with full or partial recourse and for residential mortgage loans sold to government sponsored 
agencies under standard representations and warranties.

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to impaired loans that have not yet been charged down 
to amounts we expect to recover, general allowances for unimpaired loans based on estimated loss rates by loan class and 
nonspecific allowances based on general economic conditions, concentration in loans with large balances and other relevant 
factors.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and 
standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2017 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Allowance for loan losses:

Beginning balance

Provision for loan losses

Loans charged off

Recoveries

Ending balance

Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Residential
Mortgage

Personal

Nonspecific
Allowance

Total

$

140,213

$

50,749

$

18,224

$

8,773

$

28,200

$

246,159

(595)

(19,810)

4,461

4,008

(76)

1,940

116

(649)

760

2,964

(5,064)

2,451

(5,983)

—

—

510

(25,599)

9,612

$

124,269

$

56,621

$

18,451

$

9,124

$

22,217

$

230,682

Accrual for off-balance sheet

credit risk:

Beginning balance

Provision for off-balance sheet credit

risk

Ending balance

Total provision for credit losses

$

$

$

11,063

(7,419)

3,644

(8,014)

$

$

$

123

$

50

$

8

$

— $

11,244

(78)

45

3,930

$

$

(7)

43

109

$

$

(6)

2

2,958

$

$

—

— $

(7,510)

3,734

(5,983) $

(7,000)

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and 
standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2016 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Allowance for loan losses:

Beginning balance

Provision for loan losses

Loans charged off

Recoveries

Ending balance

Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Residential
Mortgage

Personal

Nonspecific
Allowance

Total

$

130,334

$

41,391

$

19,509

$

4,164

$

30,126

$

225,524

43,980

(35,828)

1,727

8,075

—

1,283

(1,972)

(1,312)

1,999

7,310

(5,448)

2,747

(1,926)

—

—

55,467

(42,588)

7,756

$

140,213

$

50,749

$

18,224

$

8,773

$

28,200

$

246,159

Accrual for off-balance sheet credit

risk:

Beginning balance

Provision for off-balance sheet credit

risk

Ending balance

Total provision for credit losses

$

$

$

1,506

$

153

$

30

$

22

$

— $

1,711

9,557

11,063

53,537

$

$

(30)

123

8,045

$

$

20

50

$

(14)

8

(1,952) $

7,296

—

— $

9,533

11,244

(1,926) $

65,000

$

$

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk related to loan commitments and 
standby letters of credit for the year ended December 31, 2015 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Allowance for loan losses:

Beginning balance

Provision for loan losses

Loans charged off

Recoveries

Ending balance

Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Residential
Mortgage

Personal

Nonspecific
Allowance

Total

$

90,875

$

42,445

$

23,458

$

4,233

$

28,045

$

189,056

43,464

(6,734)

2,729

(11,189)

(944)

11,079

(3,004)

(2,205)

1,260

2,167

(5,288)

3,052

2,081

—

—

33,519

(15,171)

18,120

$

130,334

$

41,391

$

19,509

$

4,164

$

30,126

$

225,524

Accrual for off-balance sheet credit

risk:

Beginning balance

Provision for off-balance sheet credit

risk

Ending balance

Total provision for credit losses

$

$

$

475

$

707

$

28

$

20

$

— $

1,230

1,031

1,506

44,495

$

$

(554)

153

$

2

30

$

2

22

(11,743) $

(3,002) $

2,169

—

— $

481

1,711

2,081

$

34,000

$

$

113

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment 
measurement method at December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Collectively Measured
for Impairment

Individually Measured
for Impairment

Total

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

$ 10,596,672

$

115,438

$

137,303

$

8,831

$ 10,733,975

$

124,269

3,477,132

1,926,239

965,507

56,621

18,451

9,124

2,855

47,447

269

—

—

—

3,479,987

1,973,686

965,776

56,621

18,451

9,124

16,965,550

199,634

187,874

8,831

17,153,424

208,465

Nonspecific allowance

—

—

—

—

—

22,217

Total

$ 16,965,550

$

199,634

$

187,874

$

8,831

$ 17,153,424

$

230,682

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment 
measurement method at December 31, 2016 is as follows (in thousands):

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Collectively Measured
for Impairment

Individually Measured
for Impairment

Total

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

$ 10,211,871

$

139,416

$

178,953

$

797

$ 10,390,824

$

140,213

3,803,525

1,903,612

839,668

50,749

18,178

8,773

5,521

46,220

290

—

46

—

3,809,046

1,949,832

839,958

50,749

18,224

8,773

16,758,676

217,116

230,984

843

16,989,660

217,959

Nonspecific allowance

—

—

—

—

—

28,200

Total

$ 16,758,676

$

217,116

$

230,984

$

843

$ 16,989,660

$

246,159

114

 
 
 
 
Credit Quality Indicators

The Company utilizes loan class and risk grading as primary credit quality indicators. Substantially all commercial and 
commercial real estate loans and certain residential mortgage and personal loans are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation 
of the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most residential mortgage and personal loans are 
small, homogeneous pools that are not risk graded. 

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk 
graded loans at December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Internally Risk Graded

Non-Graded

Total

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

$ 10,706,035

$

123,383

$

27,940

$

886

$ 10,733,975

$

124,269

3,479,987

234,477

877,390

56,621

2,947

6,461

—

1,739,209

88,386

15,297,889

189,412

1,855,535

—

15,504

2,663

19,053

3,479,987

1,973,686

965,776

56,621

18,451

9,124

17,153,424

208,465

Nonspecific allowance

—

—

—

—

—

22,217

Total

$ 15,297,889

$

189,412

$

1,855,535

$

19,053

$ 17,153,424

$

230,682

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk 
graded loans at December 31, 2016 is as follows (in thousands):

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total

Internally Risk Graded

Non-Graded

Total

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

$ 10,360,725

$

139,293

$

30,099

$

920

$ 10,390,824

$

140,213

3,809,046

243,703

744,602

50,749

2,893

5,035

—

1,706,129

95,356

15,158,076

197,970

1,831,584

—

15,331

3,738

19,989

3,809,046

1,949,832

839,958

50,749

18,224

8,773

16,989,660

217,959

Nonspecific allowance

—

—

—

—

—

28,200

Total

$ 15,158,076

$

197,970

$

1,831,584

$

19,989

$ 16,989,660

$

246,159

Loans are considered to be performing if they are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement which is consistent 
with the regulatory guideline of “pass.” Performing also includes loans considered to be “other loans especially mentioned” by 
regulatory guidelines and all residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government that continue to accrue 
interest based on criteria of the guarantor's programs. Other loans especially mentioned are currently performing in compliance 
with the original terms of the agreement but may have a potential weakness that deserves management's close attention, 
consistent with regulatory guidelines.

The risk grading process identified certain loans that have a well-defined weakness (e.g. inadequate debt service coverage or 
liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize 
liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is 
consistent with the regulatory guideline for “substandard.” Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the 
original terms of the loan agreements, these loans were not placed in nonaccruing status. 

115

 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccruing loans represent loans for which full collection of principal and interest in accordance with the original terms of the 
loan agreements is uncertain. This is substantially the same criteria used to determine whether a loan is impaired and includes 
certain loans considered “substandard” and all loans considered “doubtful” by regulatory guidelines.

The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2017 by the risk grade categories (in 
thousands): 

Internally Risk Graded

Non-Graded

Performing

Other
Loans
Especially
Mentioned

Pass

Accruing

Substandard Nonaccrual

Performing Nonaccrual

Total

$ 2,632,986

$

60,288

$

144,598

$

92,284

$

— $

— $ 2,930,156

Commercial:

Energy

Services

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Healthcare

Other commercial and

industrial

2,943,869

1,443,917

472,869

2,253,497

13,927

19,263

6,653

3,186

478,951

7

26,533

5,502

11,290

43,305

2,620

2,574

5,962

14,765

—

—

—

—

8,161

239,389

19,028

137,233

27,870

27,870

—

—

—

—

70

70

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2,986,949

1,471,256

496,774

2,314,753

534,087

10,733,975

117,245

691,532

831,770

980,017

573,014

286,409

3,479,987

1,832

276

275

—

—

472

2,855

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,163

784,928

24,030

1,043,435

—

—

188,327

719,670

9,179

13,075

197,506

732,745

1,163

1,692,925

46,284

1,973,686

83

88,200

186

965,776

Total commercial

10,226,089

103,324

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction
and land development

Retail

Office

Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real

estate

Total commercial real
estate

113,190

686,915

824,408

979,969

573,014

285,506

1,828

4,243

7,087

—

—

145

3,463,002

13,303

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

232,492

Permanent mortgages
guaranteed by U.S.
government agencies

Home equity

Total residential
mortgage

—

—

232,492

—

—

—

—

875,696

1,548

Personal

Total

395

98

—

48

—

286

827

822

—

—

822

63

$ 14,797,279

$

118,175

$

241,101

$

141,334

$ 1,808,995

$

46,540

$ 17,153,424

116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2016 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): 

Internally Risk Graded

Non-Graded

Performing
Other
Loans
Especially
Mentioned

Pass

Accruing

Substandard Nonaccrual

Performing Nonaccrual

Total

$ 1,937,790

$

119,583

$

307,996

132,499

$

— $

— $

2,497,868

3,052,002

1,535,463

468,314

2,140,458

433,789

9,567,816

131,630

756,418

798,462

898,800

871,673

336,488

10,960

16,886

26,532

44,472

5,309

223,742

—

4,745

—

—

—

—

37,855

13,062

15,198

16,161

8,173

11,407

4,931

825

—

—

—

—

—

390,272

21,060

178,895

30,041

30,041

470

399

—

4,434

—

6

3,433

326

426

38

76

1,222

5,521

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,793,471

4,745

5,309

—

—

—

—

58

58

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,108,990

1,576,818

514,975

2,201,916

490,257

10,390,824

135,533

761,888

798,888

903,272

871,749

337,716

3,809,046

Commercial:

Energy

Services

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Healthcare

Other commercial and

industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction
and land development

Retail

Office

Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real

estate

Total commercial real

estate

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

238,769

1,186

2,331

1,417

741,679

21,438

1,006,820

Permanent mortgages
guaranteed by U.S.
government agencies

Home equity

Total residential
mortgage

Personal

Total

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

187,541

732,106

11,846

11,519

199,387

743,625

238,769

1,186

2,331

1,417

1,661,326

44,803

1,949,832

743,451

—

1,054

97

95,163

193

839,958

$ 14,343,507

$

229,673

$

398,966

185,930

$ 1,786,530

$

45,054

$ 16,989,660

117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:

Energy
Services
Wholesale/retail
Manufacturing
Healthcare

Other commercial and industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction and land

development

Retail
Office
Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real estate

Impaired Loans

Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according 
to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in a troubled debt 
restructuring and all loans repurchased from GNMA pools.

A summary of impaired loans follows (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2017
Recorded Investment

Total

With No
Allowance

With
Allowance

Related
Allowance

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

Average 
Recorded
Investment

Interest
Income
Recognized

$

$

$

$ 92,284
2,620
2,574
5,962
14,765

19,098
137,303

40,968
2,620
2,574
5,962
14,765

19,080
85,969

51,316
—
—
—
—

18
51,334

$

8,814
—
—
—
—

17
8,831

$

112,392
5,396
6,990
5,446
7,795

20,108
158,127

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

$ 111,011
5,324
9,099
6,073
25,140

27,957
184,604

3,285
509
287
—

—

670

1,832
276
275
—

—

472

1,832
276
275
—

—

472

2,855

Total commercial real estate

4,751

2,855

Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgage guaranteed by 

U.S. government agencies1

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

30,435

25,193

25,193

203,814
14,548
248,797

197,506
13,075
235,774

197,506
13,075
235,774

Personal

307

269

269

—
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—

—
—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—

2,633
301
351
19

38

847

4,189

24,024

199,244
12,297
235,565

280

—

Total
$
1  All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of 

$ 438,459

$ 376,201

324,867

398,161

51,334

8,831

$

$

$

$

8,861

contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2017, $9.2 million of these loans are nonaccruing and $188 million are accruing based 
on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

Generally, no interest income is recognized on impaired loans until all principal balances, including amounts charged-off, have 
been recovered. During 2017, we recognized $7.2 million as interest income on impaired loans that meet these conditions. 

118

—
—
—
—
—

—
—

—
—
—
—

—

—

—

1,229

7,632
—
8,861

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:

Energy

Services

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Healthcare

Other commercial and

industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction and

land development

Retail

Office

Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real estate

Total commercial real

estate

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgage 
guaranteed by U.S. 
government agencies1

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

As of December 31, 2016

Recorded Investment

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

Total

With No
Allowance

With
Allowance

Related
Allowance

Year Ended

December 31, 2016

Average 
Recorded
Investment

Interest
Income
Recognized

$

146,897

$

132,499

$

121,418

$

11,081

$

762

$

80,100

$

11,723

17,669

5,320

1,147

8,173

11,407

4,931

825

8,173

11,407

4,931

825

29,006

211,762

21,118

178,953

21,083

167,837

—

—

—

—

35

11,116

4,951

530

521

1,000

76

7,349

14,427

3,433

3,433

326

426

38

76

1,222

5,521

326

426

38

76

1,222

5,521

28,830

22,855

22,809

205,564

12,611

247,005

199,387

11,519

233,761

199,387

11,519

233,715

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

46

—

—

46

—

9,232

7,163

2,631

949

10,870

110,945

3,921

823

539

156

76

1,747

7,262

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

25,920

1,255

193,889

10,937

230,746

7,759

—

9,014

377

—

—

—

—

—

35

797

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

46

—

—

46

—

Personal

332

290

290

Total
1  All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of 

418,525

349,330

407,363

473,526

11,162

843

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

9,014

contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2016, $12 million of these loans are nonaccruing and $188 million are accruing based 
on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings

At December 31, 2017 the Company has $126 million in troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), of which $74 million are 
accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Approximately $48 million of TDRs are 
performing in accordance with the modified terms. The loans designated as TDRs had $117 thousand in charge offs during the 
year ended December 31, 2017.

At December 31, 2016, TDRs totaled $147 million, of which $81 million were accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed 
by U.S. government agencies. Approximately $75 million of TDRs were performing. The loans designated as TDRs had $4.7 
million in charge offs during the year ended December 31, 2016.

TDRs generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed 
borrowers. During the year ended December 31, 2017, $57 million of loans were restructured. During the year ended 
December 31, 2016, $52 million of loans were restructured. 

120

Nonaccrual & Past Due Loans

Past due status for all loan classes is based on the actual number of days since the last payment was due according to the 
contractual terms of the loans.

A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2017 is as follows 
(in thousands):

Current

30 to 59
Days

Past Due

60 to 89
Days

90 Days
or More

Nonaccrual

Total

Commercial:

Energy

Services

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Healthcare

Other commercial and industrial

Total commercial

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction and land

development

Retail

Office

Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real estate

$ 2,833,668

$

2,983,222

1,468,284

490,739

2,284,770

514,701

10,575,384

—

514

398

—

15,218

85

16,215

115,213

691,256

831,118

979,625

573,014

285,937

200

—

254

22

—

—

476

4,204

$

— $

92,284

$ 2,930,156

486

—

73

—

78

4,841

—

—

—

370

—

—

370

107

—

—

—

125

232

—

—

123

—

—

—

123

2,620

2,574

5,962

14,765

19,098

2,986,949

1,471,256

496,774

2,314,753

534,087

137,303

10,733,975

1,832

276

275

—

—

472

2,855

117,245

691,532

831,770

980,017

573,014

286,409

3,479,987

Total commercial real estate

3,476,163

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by

U.S. government agencies

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

Personal

Total

1,014,588

3,435

219

—

25,193

1,043,435

22,692

717,007

1,754,287

18,978

2,206

24,619

13,468

440

14,127

133,189

17

133,206

9,179

13,075

47,447

197,506

732,745

1,973,686

964,374

681

191

261

269

965,776

$ 16,770,208

$

41,991

19,529

$

133,822

$

187,874

$ 17,153,424

121

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2016 is as 
follows (in thousands):

Current

30 to 59
Days

Past Due

60 to 89
Days

90 Days
or More

Nonaccrual

Total

— $

— $

132,499

$ 2,497,868

Commercial:

Energy

Services

Wholesale/retail

Manufacturing

Healthcare

Other commercial and industrial

$ 2,364,890

$

3,099,605

1,561,650

509,662

2,201,050

468,981

479

191

3,761

382

—

155

1,021

—

—

41

3

Total commercial

10,205,838

4,968

1,065

Commercial real estate:

Residential construction and land

development

Retail

Office

Multifamily

Industrial

Other commercial real estate

132,100

761,562

798,462

903,234

871,673

336,488

Total commercial real estate

3,803,519

—

—

—

—

—

6

6

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Residential mortgage:

Permanent mortgage

Permanent mortgages guaranteed by

U.S. government agencies

Home equity

Total residential mortgage

Personal

Total

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

8,173

11,407

4,931

825

21,118

3,108,990

1,576,818

514,975

2,201,916

490,257

178,953

10,390,824

3,433

326

426

38

76

1,222

5,521

135,533

761,888

798,888

903,272

871,749

337,716

3,809,046

22,855

1,006,820

11,846

11,519

46,220

199,387

743,625

1,949,832

979,386

3,299

1,280

40,594

729,493

1,749,473

17,465

2,276

23,040

13,803

337

15,420

115,679

—

115,679

838,811

589

263

5

290

839,958

$ 16,597,641

$

28,603

16,748

$

115,684

$

230,984

$ 16,989,660

122

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5) Premises and Equipment 

Premises and equipment at December 31 are summarized as follows (in thousands):

Land

Buildings and improvements

Software

Furniture and equipment

Construction in progress

Premises and equipment

Less accumulated depreciation
Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation

December 31,

2017

2016

$

71,348

$

249,139

188,826

223,163

23,348

755,824

438,489
317,335

$

$

70,552

250,311

158,155

217,399

36,743

733,160

407,311
325,849

Depreciation expense of premises and equipment was $48 million, $40 million and $34 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(6) Goodwill and Intangible Assets 

On December 1, 2016, the Company acquired MBT Bancshares (“MBT”), parent company of Missouri Bank and Trust of 
Kansas City (“Mobank”) following regulatory approval of the transaction. Mobank operated four banking branches in the 
Kansas City, Mo. area. BOK Financial paid $102.5 million in an all-cash deal for all outstanding shares of MBT stock. MBT 
was merged into BOK Financial and Mobank became a wholly owned subsidiary of BOK Financial on December 1, 2016. On 
February 21, 2017, Mobank was merged with the Bank of Kansas City division of BOKF, NA. All branches in the Kansas City 
market operate under the Mobank name. The preliminary purchase price allocation was finalized during 2017, resulting in a 
$2.0 million increase in identifiable intangibles, $1.5 million decrease in premises and equipment and other repossessed assets, 
and a $526 thousand decrease in goodwill.

The following table presents the original cost and accumulated amortization of intangible assets (in thousands):

Core deposit premiums

Less accumulated amortization

Net core deposit premiums

Other identifiable intangible assets

Less accumulated amortization

Net other identifiable intangible assets

Dec. 31,

2017

2016

$

6,510

$

808

5,702

44,468

21,512

22,956

35,879

29,369

6,510

60,951

20,530

40,421

Total intangible assets, net

$

28,658

$

46,931

123

 
 
 
 
Expected amortization expense for intangible assets that will continue to be amortized (in thousands):

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Core
Deposit
Premiums

Other
Identifiable
Intangible 
Assets

$

732

716

697

675

649

2,233

$

4,322

$

3,970

3,834

3,477

2,628

4,725

Total

5,054

4,686

4,531

4,152

3,277

6,958

$

5,702

$

22,956

$

28,658

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by operating segment are as follows (in thousands):

Balance, December 31, 2015

Goodwill

Accumulated impairment losses

Goodwill recognized during 2016
Adjustment2

Balance, December 31, 2016

Goodwill

Accumulated impairment losses

Goodwill recognized during 2017

Sales of consolidated merchant banking investments

during 2017

Adjustment1

Balance, December 31, 2017

Goodwill

Accumulated impairment losses

Commercial
Banking

Consumer
Banking

Wealth
Management

Funds
Management
and Other

Total

$

277,044

$

39,251

$

69,394

$

— $

385,689

—

277,044

1,210

$

(6,058) $

(228)

39,023

—

69,394

—

—

(228)

385,461

—

— $

2,126

— $

66,160

—

69,496

(6,058)

272,196

—

272,196

4,301

(5,219)

41,992

39,251

(228)

39,023

—

—

71,520

—

71,520

—

(25)

66,160

449,127

—

(228)

66,160

448,899

—

—

4,301

(5,244)

(526)

4,435

19,207

(66,160)

313,270

—

43,686

(228)

90,702

—

—

—

447,658

(228)

447,430
313,270
1  Goodwill from Mobank acquisition was not yet allocated to the segments as of December 31, 2016. Adjustment was made in 2017 for final 

43,458

90,702

— $

$

$

$

$

purchase price adjustments and to allocate to the segments.

2  Completion of an external audit of Heartland Food Products resulted in a reallocation of the purchase price between net assets acquired, 

intangible assets and goodwill during 2016.

The annual goodwill evaluations for 2017 and 2016 did not indicate impairment for any reporting unit. Economic conditions 
did not indicate that impairment existed for any identifiable intangible assets and therefore no impairment evaluation was 
performed.

124

 
 
(7) Mortgage Banking Activities 

Residential Mortgage Loan Production

The Company originates, markets and services conventional and government-sponsored residential mortgage loans. Generally, 
conforming fixed rate residential mortgage loans are held for sale in the secondary market and non-conforming and adjustable-
rate residential mortgage loans are held for investment. The volume of mortgage loans originated for sale and secondary market 
prices are the primary drivers of originating and marketing revenue.

Residential mortgage loan commitments are generally outstanding for 60 to 90 days, which represents the typical period from 
commitment to originate a residential mortgage loan to when the closed loan is sold to an investor. Residential mortgage loan 
commitments are subject to both credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk is managed through underwriting policies and 
procedures, including collateral requirements, which are generally accepted by the secondary loan markets. Exposure to interest 
rate fluctuations is partially managed through forward sales of residential mortgage-backed securities and forward sales 
contracts. These latter contracts set the price for loans that will be delivered in the next 60 to 90 days.

The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans held for sale, notional amounts of derivative contracts related to 
residential mortgage loan commitments and forward contract sales and their related fair values included in Mortgage loans held 
for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were (in thousands):

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

Residential mortgage loan commitments

Forward sales contracts

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Unpaid 
Principal 
Balance/
Notional

Fair Value

Unpaid 
Principal 
Balance/
Notional

Fair Value

$

212,525

$

215,113

$

286,414

$

286,971

222,919

380,159

6,523

(258)

318,359

569,543

9,733

5,193

  $

221,378

  $

301,897

No residential mortgage loans held for sale were 90 days or more past due or considered impaired as of December 31, 2017 or 
December 31, 2016. No credit losses were recognized on residential mortgage loans held for sale for the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Mortgage banking revenue was as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended

2017

2016

2015

Production revenue:

Net realized gains on sales of mortgage loans

$

45,128

$

68,947

$

Net change in unrealized gain on mortgage loans held for sale

Net change in the fair value of mortgage loan commitments

Net change in the fair value of forward sales contracts

Total mortgage production revenue

Servicing revenue

Total mortgage banking revenue

2,031

(3,210)

(5,451)

38,498

66,221

(5,311)

1,599

4,393

69,628

64,286

67,407

(784)

(1,837)

4,801

69,587

56,415

$

104,719

$

133,914

$

126,002

Mortgage production revenue includes gain (loss) on residential mortgage loans held for sale and changes in the fair value of 
derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sales 
contracts. Servicing revenue includes servicing fee income and late charges on loans serviced for others.

125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential Mortgage Servicing

The Company generally retains the right to service residential mortgage loans sold and may purchase mortgage servicing 
rights. The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others is the primary driver of servicing revenue.

The following represents a summary of mortgage servicing rights (Dollars in thousands):

Number of residential mortgage loans serviced for others

2017

136,528

December 31,

2016

139,340

2015

131,859

Outstanding principal balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others

$

22,046,632

$

21,997,568

$

19,678,226

Weighted average interest rate

Remaining contractual term (in months)

3.94%

297

3.97%

301

4.12%

300

Activity in capitalized mortgage servicing rights during the three years ended December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):

Balance, December 31, 2014

Additions, net

Change in fair value due to loan runoff

Change in fair value due to market changes

Balance, December 31, 2015

Additions, net

Change in fair value due to loan runoff

Change in fair value due to market changes

Balance, December 31, 2016

Additions, net

Change in fair value due to loan runoff

Change in fair value due to market changes

Balance, December 31, 2017

$

171,976

79,546

(28,064)

(4,853)

218,605

71,405

(40,744)

(2,193)

247,073

39,149

(33,527)

172

$

252,867

Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to market changes are included in Other operating revenue in the 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Changes in fair value due to loan runoff are included in Mortgage banking costs. 

Mortgage servicing rights are not traded in active markets. Fair value is determined by discounting the projected net cash flows. 
Significant assumptions used to determine fair value considered to be significant unobservable inputs were as follows:

Discount rate – risk-free rate plus a market premium

December 31,

2017

9.84%

2016

10.08%

Prepayment rate - based upon loan interest rate, original term and loan type

8.72%-15.16%

8.98%-16.91%

Loan servicing costs – annually per loan based upon loan type:

Performing loans

Delinquent loans

Loans in foreclosure

Primary/secondary mortgage rate spread

Escrow earnings rate – indexed to rates paid on deposit accounts with comparable average

life

$65 - $88

$150 - $500

$63 - $120

$150 - $500

$1,000 - $4,000

$650 - $4,250

105 bps

2.24%

105 bps

1.98%

Changes in primary residential mortgage interest rates directly affect the prepayment speeds used in valuing our mortgage servicing 
rights. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated 
loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The prepayment model is updated periodically for changes in 
market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual performance of BOK Financial’s servicing portfolio.

126

 
 
The aging status of our mortgage loans serviced for others by investor at December 31, 2017 follows (in thousands):

Current

30 to 59
Days

Past Due

60 to 89
Days

90 Days or
More

Total

$ 7,995,369

$

81,805

$

14,091

$

32,756

$

8,124,021

6,595,410

6,431,808

452,227

81,405

232,937

4,271

13,856

60,556

1,128

27,083

19,743

2,187

6,717,754

6,745,044

459,813

$ 21,474,814

$

400,418

$

89,631

$

81,769

$ 22,046,632

FHLMC

FNMA

GNMA

Other

Total

(8) Deposits 

Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Transaction deposits

Savings

Time:

Certificates of deposits under $100,000

Certificates of deposits $100,000 and over

Other time deposits

Total time

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

28,627

$

13,906

$

8,821

359

386

383

7,702

12,393

4,722

24,817

8,776

10,123

7,303

26,202

11,894

10,643

12,429

34,966

$

53,803

$

40,494

$

44,170

The aggregate amounts of time deposits in denominations of $250,000 or more at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $797 
million and $866 million, respectively.

Time deposit maturities are as follows:  2018 – $1.2 billion, 2019 – $221 million, 2020 – $86 million, 2021 – $102 million, 
2022 – $132 million and $307 million thereafter. 

The aggregate amount of overdrawn customer transaction deposits that have been reclassified as loan balances was $5.9 million 
at December 31, 2017 and $9.7 million at December 31, 2016.

127

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(9) Other Borrowings 

Information relating to other borrowings is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

As of

December 31, 2017

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

Balance

Rate

Average
Balance

Rate

Maximum
Outstanding
At Any
Month End

Parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries:

Trust preferred debt

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries

BOKF, NA:

Funds purchased

Repurchase agreements

Other borrowings:

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

GNMA repurchase liability

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total BOKF, NA

$

—

—

—

—% $

3,296

3.52% $

—%

935

11.11%

144,677

144,677

5.60%

4,231

7.00%

144,658

148,889

5.62% $

5.65%

58,628

516,335

1.00%

0.17%

58,064

433,791

0.73%

0.10%

5,100,000

1.47% 5,882,466

19,947

14,950

4.22%

2.61%

5,134,897

20,509

15,382

5,918,357

—

—%

—

1.13%

4.59%

2.38%

1.14%

—%

5,709,860

6,410,212

1.07%

7,217

3,104

144,677

80,967

536,094

6,200,000

24,139

15,506

—

Total other borrowed funds

$

5,854,537

$ 6,559,101

1.18%

128

 
 
 
 
 
As of

Year Ended

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2016

Balance

Rate

Average
Balance

Rate

Maximum
Outstanding
At Any
Month End

Parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries:

Trust preferred debt

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries

$

7,217

1,092

8,309

144,640

152,949

3.28% $

611

3.27% $

8.27%

5.60%

2,073

2,684

74,428

77,112

16.11%

13.19%

5.59%

5.86%

BOKF, NA:

Funds purchased

Repurchase agreements

Other borrowings:

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

GNMA repurchase liability

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total BOKF, NA

57,929

668,661

0.38%

0.02%

78,222

589,145

0.24%

0.04%

4,800,000

0.72% 5,985,656

22,471

15,292

4.26%

2.66%

4,837,763

15,637

15,670

6,016,963

—

—%

140,414

5,564,353

6,824,744

0.55%

4.74%

2.41%

0.57%

1.35%

0.54%

Total other borrowed funds

$

5,717,302

$ 6,901,856

0.60%

7,217

3,157

145,393

567,103

668,661

6,500,000

22,471

15,797

226,434

As of

Year Ended

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2015

Balance

Rate

Average
Balance

Rate

Maximum
Outstanding
At Any
Month End

Parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries:

Trust preferred debt

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total parent company and other non-bank subsidiaries

$

—% $

—%

—%

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—% $

—%

—%

—%

—%

BOKF, NA:

Funds purchased

Repurchase agreements

Other borrowings:

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

GNMA repurchase liability

Other

Total other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Total BOKF, NA

491,192

722,444

0.15%

0.02%

73,219

623,921

0.09%

0.04%

4,800,000

0.48% 4,921,739

19,478

18,402

4.75%

2.70%

4,837,880

16,668

18,768

4,957,175

226,350

1.05%

226,332

6,277,866

5,880,647

0.28%

4.95%

2.35%

0.33%

1.84%

0.36%

Total other borrowed funds

$

6,277,866

$ 5,880,647

0.36%

129

—

—

—

491,192

1,008,144

5,000,000

19,478

26,058

348,076

 
 
 
 
 
Aggregate annual principal repayments at December 31, 2017 are as follows (in thousands):

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

Parent
Company 
and Other 
Non-bank 
Subsidiaries

BOKF, NA

$

— $

5,695,621

—

—

—

—

956

961

965

970

144,677

10,387

$

144,677

$

5,709,860

Funds purchased are unsecured and generally mature within one to ninety days from the transaction date. Securities repurchase 
agreements are recorded as secured borrowings that generally mature within ninety days and are secured by certain available 
for sale securities. 

Additional information relating to securities sold under agreements to repurchase and related liabilities at December 31, 2017 
and 2016 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Security Sold/Maturity

U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities:

Overnight1
Long-term

Total Agency Securities

Security Sold/Maturity

U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities:

Overnight1
Long-term

Total Agency Securities

December 31, 2017

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

Repurchase
Liability1

Average

Rate

525,452

—

525,452

$

$

523,914

—

523,914

$

$

516,335

—

516,335

0.17%

—%

0.17%

December 31, 2016

Amortized

Cost

Fair

Value

Repurchase
Liability1

Average

Rate

655,529

—

655,529

$

$

655,851

—

655,851

$

$

668,661

—

668,661

0.02 %

— %

0.02 %

$

$

$

$

1  BOK Financial maintains control over the securities underlying overnight repurchase agreements and generally transfers control over securities underlying 

longer-term dealer repurchase agreements to the respective counterparty.

Borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks are used for funding purposes. In accordance with policies of the Federal 
Home Loan Banks, BOK Financial has granted a blanket pledge of eligible assets (generally unencumbered U.S. Treasury and 
residential mortgage-backed securities, 1-4 family loans and multifamily loans) as collateral for these advances. The Federal 
Home Loan Banks have issued letters of credit totaling $272 million to secure BOK Financial’s obligations to depositors of 
public funds. The unused credit available to BOK Financial at December 31, 2017 pursuant to the Federal Home Loan Bank’s 
collateral policies is $1.2 billion.

In 2016, BOK Financial issued $150 million of subordinated debt that will mature on June 30, 2056. Interest on this debt bears 
an interest rate of 5.375%, payable quarterly. On June 30, 2021, BOK Financial will have the option to redeem the debt at the 
principal amount plus accrued interest, subject to regulatory approval. 

In conjunction with the acquisition of MBT, BOK Financial assumed $7.2 million of variable rate subordinated trust preferred 
debt. Interest was payable quarterly at three-month LIBOR plus 2.95% on $3.1 million and three-month LIBOR plus 1.82% on 
$4.1 million. This trust preferred debt was redeemed during 2017. 

130

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOK Financial Securities, Inc. may borrow funds from Pershing, LLC ("Pershing"), a clearing broker/dealer and a wholly 
owned subsidiary of Bank of New York Mellon, for the purposes of financing securities purchases or to facilitate funding of 
investment banking activities, on terms to be negotiated at the time of the borrowing. BOK Financial Securities, Inc. had no 
borrowings from Pershing outstanding at December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

In 2007, BOKF, NA issued $250 million of subordinated debt due May 15, 2017. Interest on this debt was based upon a fixed 
rate of 5.75% through May 14, 2012 and is based on a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.69% thereafter. The proceeds 
of this debt were used to fund the Worth National Bank and First United Bank acquisitions and to fund continued asset growth. 
The outstanding balance of this subordinated debt was $226 million at December 31, 2015. The remaining outstanding balance 
was called during 2016.

The Company has a liability related to the repurchase of certain delinquent residential mortgage loans previously sold into 
GNMA mortgage pools. Interest is payable at rates contractually due to investors.

(10) Federal and State Income Taxes 

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act"), which was enacted on December 22, 2017, reduces the federal corporate tax rate from 
35% to 21% for periods beginning January 1, 2018. Provisions of the Act are broad and complex. As result, we are still 
evaluating the impact that certain aspects of the Act will have on the Company's financial position and results of operations, 
including recognition and measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and the determination of effective current and 
deferred federal and state income tax rates. We have made reasonable estimates of the Act's impact on net deferred tax assets 
and recorded a provisional adjustment of $9.5 million, including $6.4 million of net deferred tax assets resulting from 
temporary differences recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income on the Company's balance sheets. Additionally, 
we recognized a provisional adjustment of $2.2 million for deferred taxes resulting from executive compensation that may no 
longer be deductible. 

We are not aware of any material areas where we were not able to determine provisional amounts. However, accounting for 
income tax effects of the Act is still in process and provisional adjustments recognized in 2017 may be adjusted as a result of 
our on-going evaluation, including subsequent guidance provided by federal and state taxing authorities and other information 
as it becomes available. 

131

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. As a result of the Act, deferred tax balances at 
December 31, 2017 generally have been revalued from the previous combined federal and state statutory rate of 38.9% to 
25.5%. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred tax assets:

Available for sale securities mark to market

Share-based compensation

Credit loss allowances

Valuation adjustments

Deferred compensation

Unearned fees

Other

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Depreciation

Mortgage servicing rights

Lease financing

Other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets

December 31,

2017

2016

$

12,083

$

7,598

58,666

8,102

12,215

9,265

30,859

5,779

9,360

99,191

12,222

30,262

11,877

42,541

138,788

211,232

15,817

63,112

9,973

34,880

123,782

$

15,006

$

25,877

92,748

17,923

45,363

181,911

29,321

No valuation allowance was necessary on deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The significant components of the provision for income taxes attributable to continuing operations for BOK Financial are 
shown below (in thousands):

Current income tax expense:

Federal

State

Total current income tax expense

Deferred income tax expense:

Federal

State

Total deferred income tax expense

Total income tax expense

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

141,607

$

107,379

$

117,566

14,592

156,199

11,028

118,407

12,397

129,963

25,525

869

26,394

(11,340)

(690)

(12,030)

8,397

1,024

9,421

$

182,593

$

106,377

$

139,384

132

The reconciliations of income attributable to continuing operations at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to income tax expense 
are as follows (in thousands):

Amount:

Federal statutory tax

Tax exempt revenue

Effect of state income taxes, net of federal benefit

Utilization of tax credits:

Low-income housing tax credits, net of amortization

Other tax credits

Bank-owned life insurance

Share-based compensation

Revaluation of net deferred tax assets due to change in federal tax rates

Write-off of deferred tax assets related to executive compensation

Other, net

Total income tax expense

Percent of pretax income:

Federal statutory tax

Tax exempt revenue

Effect of state income taxes, net of federal benefit

Utilization of tax credits:

Low-income housing tax credits, net of amortization

Other tax credits

Bank-owned life insurance

Share-based compensation

Revaluation of net deferred tax assets due to change in federal tax rates

Write-off of deferred tax assets related to executive compensation

Other, net

Total

(9,553)

9,082

(3,874)

(2,085)

(3,264)

—

—

—

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

181,397

$

118,530

$

151,075

(12,402)

10,701

(10,544)

6,478

(5,356)

(1,455)

(3,121)

(2,817)

9,456

2,216

3,974

(4,171)

(2,085)

(2,911)

—

—

—

1,080

(1,997)

$

182,593

$

106,377

$

139,384

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

35.0%

(2.4)

2.0

(1.0)

(0.3)

(0.6)

(0.5)

1.8

0.4

0.8

35.0%

(3.1)

1.9

(1.2)

(0.6)

(0.9)

—

—

—

0.3

35.2%

31.4%

35.0%

(2.2)

2.1

(0.9)

(0.5)

(0.7)

—

—

—

(0.5)

32.3%

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1

Additions for tax for current year positions

Settlements during the period

Lapses of applicable statute of limitations

Balance as of December 31

2017

2016

2015

$

15,841

$

13,232

$

4,645

—

(2,376)

5,640

—

(3,031)

$

18,110

$

15,841

$

13,374

2,226

—

(2,368)

13,232

Of the above unrecognized tax benefits, $12.2 million, if recognized, would have affected the effective tax rate.

BOK Financial recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The 
Company recognized $1.2 million for 2017, $1.0 million for 2016 and $1.0 million for 2015 in interest and penalties. The 
Company had approximately $4.0 million and $3.5 million accrued for the payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. Federal statutes remain open for federal tax returns filed in the previous three reporting periods. 
Various state income tax statutes remain open for the previous three to six reporting periods. 

133

 
 
 
 
 
 
(11) Employee Benefits 

BOK Financial sponsors a defined benefit cash balance Pension Plan for all employees who satisfy certain age and service 
requirements. Pension Plan benefits were curtailed as of April 1, 2006. No participants may be added to the plan and no 
additional service benefits will be accrued. During 2017 and 2016, interest accrued on employees' account balances at a 
variable rate tied to the five-year trailing average of five-year U.S. Treasury securities plus 1.5%. The rate has a floor of 3.0% 
and a ceiling of 5.0%. The 2017 quarterly variable rates remained at 3.00%.

The following table presents information regarding this plan (in thousands):

Change in projected benefit obligation:

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year

Interest cost

Actuarial loss (gain)

Benefits paid

Projected benefit obligation at end of year1,2
Change in plan assets:

Plan assets at fair value at beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Benefits paid

Plan assets at fair value at end of year

Funded status of the plan

Components of net periodic benefit:

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Other

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
1  Projected benefit obligation equals accumulated benefit obligation.
2  Projected benefit obligation is based on January 1 measurement date.

Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31:

Discount rate

Expected return on plan assets

December 31,

2017

2016

$

34,964

$

1,153

223

(5,443)

30,897

41,769

4,093

(5,443)

40,419

9,522

1,153

(2,041)

184

$

$

$

$

$

(704) $

$

$

$

$

$

$

38,797

1,309

(55)

(5,087)

34,964

44,190

2,666

(5,087)

41,769

6,805

1,309

(2,167)

(741)

(1,599)

2017

2016

3.30%

5.50%

3.43%

5.00%

As of December 31, 2017, expected future benefit payments related to the Pension Plan were as follows (in thousands):

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total estimated future benefit payments

$

$

2,831

2,889

2,763

2,769

2,813

25,501

39,566

134

 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets of the Pension Plan consist primarily of shares in the Cavanal Hill Active Core Fund. The stated objective of this fund is 
to provide an attractive total return with a well-balanced mix of equities and bonds. The typical portfolio mix is approximately 
60% equities and 40% bonds. The net asset value of shares in the Cavanal Hill Funds is reported daily based on market 
quotations for the Fund’s securities. Management considers the Fund's recent and long-term performance as indicators when 
setting the expected return on plan assets. The maximum tax deductible Pension Plan contribution for 2017 was $10 million. 
No minimum contribution was required for 2017, 2016 or 2015. 

Employee contributions to the Thrift Plan are eligible for Company matching equal to 6% of base compensation, as defined in 
the plan. The Company-provided matching contribution rates range from 50% for employees with less than 4 years of service 
to 200% for employees with 15 or more years of service. Additionally, a maximum Company-provided, non-elective annual 
contribution of up to $750 per participant is provided for employees whose annual base compensation is less than $40,000. 
Participants may direct investments in their accounts to a variety of options, including a BOK Financial common stock fund 
and Cavanal Hill funds. Employer contributions, which are invested in accordance with the participant’s investment options, 
vest over five years. Thrift Plan expenses were $22.8 million for 2017, $22.4 million for 2016 and $20.6 million for 2015.

135

(12) Share-Based Compensation Plans 

The shareholders and Board of Directors of BOK Financial have approved various share-based compensation plans. An 
independent compensation committee of the Board of Directors determines the number of awards granted to the Chief 
Executive Officer and other senior executives. Share-based compensation is granted to other officers and employees as 
determined by the Chief Executive Officer.

The following table presents stock options outstanding during 2017, 2016 and 2015 under these plans (in thousands, except for 
per share data):

Options outstanding at December 31, 2014

Options awarded

Options exercised

Options forfeited

Options expired

Options outstanding at December 31, 2015

Options awarded

Options exercised

Options forfeited

Options expired

Options outstanding at December 31, 2016

Options awarded

Options exercised

Options forfeited

Options expired

Options outstanding at December 31, 2017

Options vested at:

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Number

793,891

$

49.05

$

8,725

—

(286,678)

(22,304)

(4,874)

480,035

—

(249,404)

(4,098)

(8,009)

218,524

—

(99,556)

(624)

(793)

117,551

243,395

93,117

51,286

$

$

—

47.86

48.90

51.32

49.75

—

47.60

55.44

53.43

51.95

—

50.35

54.95

48.75

53.26

48.17

46.22

48.62

$

$

4,821

6,793

4,592

2,829

3,429

2,241

At December 31, 2017, the weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding was 2.54 years and the weighted 
average remaining contractual life of vested options was 1.16 years. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was $3.5 
million for 2017, $6.2 million for 2016 and $5.1 million for 2015.

136

The following represents a summary of the non-vested stock awards as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Non-vested at January 1, 2015

   Granted

   Vested

   Forfeited

Non-vested at December 31, 2015

   Granted

   Vested

   Forfeited

Non-vested at December 31, 2016

   Granted

   Vested

   Forfeited

Non-vested at December 31, 2017

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$57.66

$50.15

$58.33

$55.35

$55.87

$57.86

$86.95

$63.07

$78.70

Shares

688,611

312,755

(114,045)

(96,212)

791,109

256,670

(213,941)

(47,132)

786,706

177,807

(194,419)

(102,991)

667,103

Compensation expense recognized on non-vested shares totaled $23.2 million for 2017, $10.2 million for 2016 and $12.0 
million for 2015. Unrecognized compensation cost of non-vested shares totaled $15.8 million at December 31, 2017. We expect 
to recognize compensation expense of $9.9 million in 2018, $5.9 million in 2019, and $82 thousand in 2020. 

Compensation cost for 296,518 non-vested shares is variable based on the current fair value of BOK Financial common shares. 
All non-vested shares are subject to forfeiture for failure to meet service requirements and 297,567 non-vested shares may be 
increased or decreased based on performance criteria defined in the plan documents. 

During January 2018, BOK Financial awarded 150,419 shares of non-vested stock with a fair value per award of $94.77. The 
aggregate compensation cost of these awards totaled approximately $14.3 million. 

137

 
(13) Related Parties 

In compliance with applicable banking regulations, the Company may extend credit to certain executive officers, directors, 
principal shareholders and their affiliates (collectively referred to as “related parties”) in the ordinary course of business. The 
Company’s loans to related parties do not involve more than the normal credit risk and there are no nonaccruing or impaired 
related party loans outstanding at December 31, 2017 or 2016.

Activity in loans to related parties is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Beginning balance

Advances

Payments
Adjustments1
Ending balance
1  Adjustments generally consist of changes in status as a related party. 

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$

136,945

$

1,559,291

594,225

884,511

(1,585,865)

(1,123,747)

(125)

(218,044)

$

110,246

$

136,945

As defined by banking regulations, loan commitments and equity investments to a single affiliate may not exceed 10% of 
unimpaired capital and surplus while loan commitments and equity investments to all affiliates may not exceed 20% of 
unimpaired capital and surplus. All loans to affiliates must be fully secured by eligible collateral. At December 31, 2017, loan 
commitments and equity investments were limited to $310 million to a single affiliate and $620 million to all affiliates. The 
largest loan commitment and equity investment to a single affiliate was $223 million and the aggregate loan commitments and 
equity investments to all affiliates were $323 million. The largest outstanding amount to a single affiliate at December 31, 2017 
was $12 million and the total outstanding amounts to all affiliates were $16 million. At December 31, 2016, total loan 
commitments and equity investments to all affiliates were $337 million and the total outstanding amounts to all affiliates were 
$39 million.

Certain related parties are customers of the Company for services other than loans, including consumer banking, corporate 
banking, risk management, wealth management, brokerage and trading, or fiduciary/trust services. The Company engages in 
transactions with related parties in the ordinary course of business in compliance with applicable regulations.

The Company rents office space in facilities owned by affiliates of Mr. Kaiser, its Chairman and principal shareholder. Lease 
payments totaled $1.0 million for 2017, $1.1 million for 2016 and $975 thousand for 2015. During 2017, the Company also 
invested $580 thousand in QRC Valve Distributors, which is indirectly owned by Mr. Kaiser.

QuikTrip Corporation has entered into a fee sharing agreement with TransFund, BOKF’s electronic funds transfer network 
(“TransFund”), respecting transactions completed at TransFund automated teller machines placed in QuikTrip locations. In 
2017, BOKF paid QuikTrip approximately $8.3 million pursuant to this agreement. During 2017, the Company sold $1.2 
million of Oklahoma state income tax credits to QuikTrip Corporation. Mr. Cadieux, a BOK Financial director, is Chief 
Executive Officer, Chairman, and a significant shareholder of QuikTrip Corporation.

Cavanal Hill Investment Management, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of BOKF, NA, is the administrator to and investment 
advisor for the Cavanal Hill Funds (the "Funds"), a diversified, open-ended investment company established as a business trust 
under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). BOKF, NA is custodian and Cavanal Hill Distributors, Inc. is 
distributor for the Funds. The Funds’ products are offered to customers, employee benefit plans, trusts and the general public in 
the ordinary course of business. Approximately 93% of the Funds’ assets of $3.7 billion are held for the Company's clients. A 
Company executive officer serves on the Funds' board of trustees and officers of BOKF, NA serve as president and secretary of 
the Funds. A majority of the members of the Funds’ board of trustees are, however, independent of the Company and the Funds 
are managed by its board of trustees.

138

 
 
(14)  Commitments and Contingent Liabilities 

Litigation Contingencies

As a member of Visa, BOK Financial is obligated for a proportionate share of certain covered litigation losses incurred by Visa 
under a retrospective responsibility plan. A contingent liability was recognized for the Company’s share of Visa’s covered 
litigation liabilities. Visa funded an escrow account to cover litigation claims, including covered litigation losses under the 
retrospective responsibility plan, with proceeds from its initial public offering in 2008 and from available cash.   

BOK Financial currently owns 252,233 Visa Class B shares which are convertible into 415,755 shares of Visa Class A shares 
after the final settlement of all covered litigation. Class B shares may be diluted in the future if the escrow fund is not adequate 
to cover future covered litigation costs. Therefore, no value has been currently assigned to the Class B shares and no value may 
be assigned until the Class B shares are converted into a known number of Class A shares.

On June 24, 2015, the Bank received a complaint alleging that an employee had colluded with a bond issuer and an individual 
in misusing revenues pledged to municipal bonds for which the Bank served as trustee under the bond indenture. The Company 
conducted an investigation and concluded that employees in one of its Corporate Trust offices had, with respect to a single 
group of affiliated bond issuances, violated Company policies and procedures by waiving financial covenants, granting 
forbearances and accepting without disclosure to the bondholders, debt service payments from sources other than pledged 
revenues. The relationship manager was terminated. The Company reported the circumstances to, and cooperated with an 
investigation by, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). On December 28, 2015, in an action brought by the SEC, 
the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey entered a judgment against the principals involved in issuing the 
bonds, precluding the principals from denying the alleged violations of the federal securities laws and requiring the principals 
to pay all outstanding principal, accrued interest, and other amounts required under the bond documents (now estimated to be 
approximately $48 million, less the value of the facilities securing repayment of the bonds), subject to oversight by a court 
appointed monitor. On September 7, 2016, the Bank agreed, and the SEC entered, a consent order finding that the Bank had 
violated Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and requiring the Bank to 
disgorge $1,067,721 of fees and pay a civil penalty of $600,000. The Bank has disgorged the fees and paid the penalty. 

On August 26, 2016, the Bank was sued in the United States District Court for New Jersey by two bondholders in a putative 
class action on behalf of all holders of the bonds alleging the Bank participated in the fraudulent sale of securities by the 
principals. On September 14, 2016, the Bank was sued in the District Court of Tulsa County, Oklahoma by 19 bondholders 
alleging the Bank participated in the fraudulent sale of securities by the principals. Two separate small groups of bondholders 
have filed arbitration complaints with the Financial Institutions Regulatory Association respecting the bonds. Management has 
been advised by counsel that the Bank has valid defenses to the claims. 

On September 15, 2017, the principal of the bond issuances filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the United States 
Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Georgia. The obligation of the principal to 
pay all principal and interest on the bonds is non-dischargeable in bankruptcy. The Bank expects the Court ordered payment 
plan will result in the payment of the bonds by the principals. Accordingly, no loss is probable at this time and no provision for 
loss has been made. If the payment plan does not result in payment of the bonds, a loss could become probable. A reasonable 
estimate cannot be made at this time though the amount could be material to the Company.  

On March 14, 2017, the Bank was sued in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma by 
bondholders in a second putative class action representing a different set of municipal securities. The bondholders in this 
second action allege two individuals purchased facilities from the principals who are the subject of the SEC New Jersey 
proceedings by means of the fraudulent sale of $60 million of municipal securities for which the Bank also served as indenture 
trustee. The bondholders allege the Bank failed to disclose that the seller of the purchased facilities had engaged in the conduct 
complained of in the New Jersey action. The Bank properly performed all duties as indenture trustee of this second set of 
municipal securities, timely commenced proceedings against the issuer of the securities when default occurred, is cooperating 
with the SEC in actions against the two principals, is not a target of the SEC proceedings, and has been advised by counsel that 
the Bank has valid defenses to the claims of these bondholders. It is the opinion of management that no loss is probable at this 
time.

The County of Bernalillo, New Mexico, commenced arbitration pursuant to the Arbitration Rules of FINRA seeking recovery 
of $5.6 million alleging that various municipal bonds purchased by the elected County Treasurer of Bernalillo County, New 
Mexico, from BOK Financial Securities, Inc. were unsuitable. The arbitration was conducted in July 2017. The arbitration 
panel found the County of Bernalillo’s complaint frivolous and awarded BOK Financial Securities, Inc. attorney fees and 
costs. The County has sued in the United States District Court for New Mexico to set aside the award of fees and costs to BOK 
Financial Securities but not the finding that the County's complaint was frivolous. 

139

On March 30, 2017, two deposit customers of the Bank sued the Bank in the District Court of Harris County, Texas. A 
judgment creditor had served a garnishment summons on the Bank. The deposit customers allege that, because the Bank was 
unable to produce adequate documentation of ownership of a series of deposit accounts at the Bank owned by them, they were 
compelled to enter into a settlement agreement with the judgment creditor pursuant to which the Bank paid $4.2 million from 
the accounts to the judgment creditor. The two deposit customers sought $7 million. The claim was mediated resulting in a 
settlement in which the Bank paid the plaintiffs $1 million.

On March 7, 2017, a plaintiff filed a putative class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas 
alleging an extended overdraft fee charged by BOKF, NA is interest and exceeds permitted rates. BOKF, NA was previously 
sued in a class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma making the same allegations. 
Pursuant to a motion to dismiss, the Northern District of Oklahoma Court action was dismissed. Other courts considering the 
question whether extended overdraft fees are interest have likewise determined such fees are not interest. BOKF, NA has 
moved to dismiss the action. The Northern District of Texas Action was dismissed upon motion by the Bank with leave granted 
the plaintiff to file an amended complaint. The plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The Bank has again moved to dismiss the 
complaint, which motion to dismiss is pending before the Court. Management is advised by counsel that a loss is not probable 
and that the loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated.

In the ordinary course of business, BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to legal actions and complaints. Management 
believes, based upon the opinion of counsel, that the actions and liability or loss, if any, resulting from the final outcomes of the 
proceedings, will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Alternative Investment Commitments

The Company sponsors two private equity funds and invests in several tax credit entities and other funds as permitted by 
banking regulations. Consolidation of these investments is based on the variable interest model determined by the nature of the 
entity. Variable interest entities are generally defined as entities that either do not have sufficient equity to finance their 
activities without support from other parties or whose equity investors lack a controlling financial interest. Variable interest 
entities are consolidated based on the determination that the Company is the primary beneficiary including the power to direct 
the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of 
the variable interest or the right to receive benefits of the variable interest that could be significant to the variable interest.

BOKF Equity, LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, is the general partner of two consolidated private equity funds (“the 
Funds”). The Funds provide alternative investment opportunities to certain customers, some of which are related parties, 
through unaffiliated limited partnerships. These unaffiliated limited partnerships generally invest in distressed assets, asset buy-
outs or venture capital companies. As general partner, BOKF Equity, LLC has the power to direct activities that most 
significantly affect the Funds' performance and contingent obligations to make additional investments totaling $3.4 million at 
December 31, 2017. Substantially all of the obligations are offset by limited partner commitments. The Company does not 
accrue its contingent liability to fund investments. The Volcker Rule in Title VI of the Dodd-Frank Act will limit both the 
amount and structure of these type of investments. 

Consolidated tax credit entities represent the Company's interest in entities earning federal new market tax credits related to 
qualifying loans for which the Company has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the variable 
interest's economic performance of the entity including being the primary beneficiary of or the obligation to absorb losses of 
the variable interest that could be significant to the variable interest. The creditors underlying the other borrowings of 
consolidated tax credit entities do not have recourse to the general credit of BOKF.

The Company also has interests in various unrelated alternative investments generally consisting of unconsolidated limited 
partnership interests in or loans to entities for which investment return is in the form of tax credits or that invest in distressed 
real estate loans and properties, energy development, venture capital and other activities. The Company is prohibited by 
banking regulations from controlling or actively managing the activities of these investments and the Company's maximum 
exposure to loss is restricted to its investment balance. The Company's obligation to fund alternative investments is included in 
Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

140

A summary of consolidated and unconsolidated alternative investments as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is as 
follows (in thousands):

Consolidated:

Private equity funds

Tax credit entities

Other

Total consolidated

Unconsolidated:

Tax credit entities

Other

Total unconsolidated

Consolidated:

Private equity funds

Tax credit entities

Other

Total consolidated

Unconsolidated:

Tax credit entities

Other

Total unconsolidated

December 31, 2017

Loans

Other
Assets

Other
Liabilities

Other
Borrowings

Non-
controlling
Interests

$

— $

14,783

$

— $

— $

10,000

—

10,964

1,040

—

—

10,964

—

$

10,000

$

26,787

$

— $

10,964

$

11,927

10,000

1,040

22,967

$

$

52,852

$ 153,506

—

38,397

52,852

$ 191,903

$

$

47,859

22,968

70,827

$

$

— $

—

— $

—

—

—

December 31, 2016

Loans

Other
Assets

Other
Liabilities

Other
Borrowings

Non-
controlling
Interests

$

— $

17,357

$

— $

— $

10,000

—

11,585

29,783

—

3,189

10,964

1,092

$

10,000

$

58,725

$

3,189

$

12,056

$

13,237

10,000

8,266

31,503

$

$

44,488

$ 143,715

—

31,675

44,488

$ 175,390

$

$

63,329

15,028

78,357

$

$

— $

—

— $

—

—

—

Other Commitments and Contingencies

Cavanal Hill Funds’ assets include U.S. Treasury and government securities money market funds. Assets of these funds consist 
of highly-rated, short-term obligations of the U.S. Treasury and Agencies. The net asset value of units in these funds was $1.00 
at December 31, 2017. An investment in these funds is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or guaranteed 
by BOK Financial or any of its subsidiaries. BOK Financial may, but is not obligated to purchase assets from these funds to 
maintain the net asset value at $1.00. No assets were purchased from the funds in 2017 or 2016.

Total rent expense for BOK Financial was $27.5 million in 2017, $25.8 million in 2016 and $25.2 million in 2015. At 
December 31, 2017, future minimum lease payments for premises under operating leases were as follows: $18.9 million in 
2018, $19.3 million in 2019, $17.1 million in 2020, $15.0 million in 2021, $9.7 million in 2022 and $73.0 million thereafter. 
BOKF, NA is obligated under a long-term lease for its bank premises in downtown Tulsa. The lease term, which began 
November 1, 1976, is for fifty-seven years with an option to terminate in 2024 with a two-year prior written notice. Premises 
leases may include options to renew at then current market rates and may include escalation provisions based upon changes in 
consumer price index or similar benchmarks.

The Federal Reserve Bank requires member banks to maintain certain minimum average cash balances. Member banks may 
satisfy reserve balance requirements through holdings of vault cash and balances maintained directly with a Federal Reserve 
Bank. The combined average balance of vault cash and balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank was $1.9 billion for the year 
ended December 31, 2017 and $1.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016.

141

(15) Shareholders Equity 

Preferred Stock

One billion shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.00005 per share are authorized. The Series A Preferred Stock has no 
voting rights except as otherwise provided by Oklahoma corporate law and may be converted into one share of Common Stock 
for each 36 shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the option of the holder. Dividends are cumulative at an annual rate of ten 
percent of the $0.06 per share liquidation preference value when declared and are payable in cash. Aggregate liquidation 
preference is $15 million. No Series A Preferred Stock was outstanding in 2017, 2016 or 2015.

Common Stock

Common stock consists of 2.5 billion authorized shares with a $0.00006 par value. Holders of common shares are entitled to 
one vote per share at the election of the Board of Directors and on any question arising at any shareholders’ meeting and to 
receive dividends when and as declared. Additionally, regulations restrict the ability of national banks and bank holding 
companies to pay dividends.

Subsidiary Bank

The amounts of dividends that BOK Financial’s subsidiary bank can declare and the amounts of loans the subsidiary bank can 
extend to affiliates are limited by various federal banking regulations and state corporate law. Generally, dividends declared 
during a calendar year are limited to net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the preceding two years. The 
amounts of dividends are further restricted by minimum capital requirements. 

Regulatory Capital

BOK Financial and the Bank are subject to various capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure 
to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and additional discretionary actions by regulators that 
could have a material effect on BOK Financial's operations. These capital requirements include quantitative measures of assets, 
liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items. The capital standards are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators.

New capital rules were effective for BOK Financial on January 1, 2015. Components of these rules will phase in through 
January 1, 2019. A bank falling below the minimum capital requirements, including the capital conservation buffer, would be 
subject to regulatory restrictions on capital distributions (including but not limited to dividends and share repurchases) and 
executive bonus payments. For a banking institution to qualify as well capitalized, Common Equity Tier 1, Tier I, Total and 
Leverage capital ratios must be at least 6.5%, 8%, 10% and 5%, respectively. Tier I capital consists primarily of common 
stockholders' equity, excluding unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities, less goodwill, core deposit premiums 
and certain other intangible assets. Total capital consists primarily of Tier I capital plus preferred stock, subordinated debt and 
allowances for credit losses, subject to certain limitations. The Bank exceeded the regulatory definition of well capitalized as of 
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

142

 
 
 
 
 
A summary of regulatory capital minimum requirements and levels follows (dollars in thousands):

Minimum
Capital
Requirement

Capital 
Conservation 
Buffer1

Minimum
Capital
Requirement
Including
Capital
Conservation
Buffer

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

4.50%

4.50%

4.50%

6.00%

6.00%

6.00%

8.00%

8.00%

8.00%

4.00%

4.00%

4.00%

2.50%

N/A

N/A

2.50%

N/A

N/A

7.00%

4.50%

4.50%

3,074,981

12.05% $ 2,834,532

2,870,694

11.34% 2,609,450

N/A

N/A

54,616

8.50%

6.00%

6.00%

$ 3,074,981

12.05% $ 2,834,532

2,870,694

11.34% 2,609,450

N/A

N/A

54,616

2.50%

10.50%

$ 3,455,709

13.54% $ 3,238,323

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

8.00%

8.00%

3,105,117

12.27% 2,866,949

N/A

N/A

54,617

4.00%

4.00%

4.00%

$ 3,074,981

9.31% $ 2,834,532

2,870,694

8.73% 2,609,450

N/A

N/A

54,616

11.21 %

10.65 %

10.03 %

11.21 %

10.65 %

10.03 %

12.81 %

11.70 %

10.03 %

8.72 %

8.11 %

8.37 %

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets):

Consolidated

BOKF, NA
Mobank2

Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted

Assets):

Consolidated

BOKF, NA
Mobank2

Total Capital (to Risk Weighted

Assets):

Consolidated

BOKF, NA
Mobank2

Leverage (Tier I Capital to

Average Assets):

Consolidated

BOKF, NA
Mobank2

1  Capital conservation buffer is effective January 1, 2016 and is phased in through 2019. The phased in capital conservation buffer was 

1.25% at December 31, 2017 and 0.625% at December 31, 2016. The fully phased in requirement of 2.50% is included in the table above. 

2  Missouri Bank and Trust Company of Kansas City dba Mobank was acquired by BOK Financial effective December 1, 2016 and was 

merged into BOKF, NA effective February 17, 2017.

143

 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

AOCI includes unrealized gains and losses on available for sale ("AFS") securities and non-credit related unrealized losses on 
AFS securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recorded in earnings. AOCI also includes unrealized 
gains on AFS securities that were transferred from AFS to investment securities in 2011. Such amounts were amortized over the 
estimated remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the related amortization of premium on the 
transferred securities. Unrealized losses on employee benefit plans will be reclassified into income as pension plan costs are 
recognized over the remaining service period of plan participants. Accumulated losses on the interest rate lock hedge of the 
subordinated debt issuance in 2005 were reclassified into income over the ten-year life of the debt. Gains and losses in AOCI 
are net of deferred income taxes.

A rollforward of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is included as follows (in thousands):

Balance, December 31, 2014

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:

Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities

Interest expense, Subordinated debentures

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

Gain on available for sale securities, net

Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes
Federal and state income tax1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

Balance, December 31, 2015

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:

Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities

Interest expense, Subordinated debentures

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

Gain on available for sale securities, net

Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes
Federal and state income tax1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

Balance, December 31, 2016

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:

Interest revenue, Investment securities, Taxable securities

Interest expense, Subordinated debentures

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings

Gain on available for sale securities, net

Other comprehensive income (loss), before income taxes
Federal and state income tax1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

Reclassification of stranded accumulated other
comprehensive loss related to tax reform

Balance, December 31, 2017
1  Calculated using 39% effective tax rate.

Unrealized Gain (Loss) on

Available
for Sale
Securities

Investment
Securities
Transferred
from AFS

Employee
Benefit
Plans

Loss on
Effective
Cash Flow
Hedges

Total

$

59,239

$

376

$

(2,868) $

(74) $

56,673

(48,607)

—

1,804

—

(46,803)

—

—

1,819

(12,058)

(58,846)

(22,891)

(35,955)

23,284

(41,333)

—

—

—

(11,675)

(53,008)

(20,637)

(32,371)

(9,087)

(28,170)

—

—

—

(4,428)

(32,598)

(12,708)

(19,890)

(6,408)

(503)

—

—

—

(503)

(195)

(308)

68

—

(112)

—

—

—

(112)

(44)

(68)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,804

701

1,103

(1,765)

(188)

—

—

—

—

(188)

(73)

(115)

(1,880)

2,018

—

—

—

—

2,018

785

1,233

(142)

—

121

—

—

121

47

74

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(503)

121

1,819

(12,058)

(57,424)

(22,338)

(35,086)

21,587

(41,521)

(112)

—

—

(11,675)

(53,308)

(20,754)

(32,554)

(10,967)

(26,152)

—

—

—

(4,428)

(30,580)

(11,923)

(18,657)

(6,550)

$

(35,385) $

— $

(789) $

— $

(36,174)

144

(16)  Earnings Per Share 

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (dollars in thousands, except per share 
data):

Year Ended

2017

2016

2015

Numerator:

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders

$

334,644

$

232,668

$

288,565

Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities

Numerator for basic earnings per share – income available to common shareholders

Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of participating securities

3,561

2,883

331,083

229,785

2

1

3,383

285,182

3

Numerator for diluted earnings per share – income available to common shareholders

$

331,085

$

229,786

$

285,185

Denominator:

Weighted average shares outstanding

65,440,832

65,901,110

68,397,215

Less:  Participating securities included in weighted average shares outstanding

695,468

815,483

802,526

Denominator for basic earnings per common share
Dilutive effect of employee stock compensation plans1
Denominator for diluted earnings per common share

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share
1  Excludes employee stock options with exercise prices greater than current market price.

(17)  Reportable Segments 

64,745,364

65,085,627

67,594,689

60,920

58,271

96,969

64,806,284

65,143,898

67,691,658

$

$

$

$

5.11

5.11

—

$

$

3.53

3.53

—

4.22

4.21

—

BOK Financial operates three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. 
Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products to 
small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial Banking also includes the TransFund EFT 
network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit services to small business 
customers served through the consumer branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides 
fiduciary services, private bank services and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites 
state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities. 

In addition to its lines of business, BOK Financial has a Funds Management unit. The primary purpose of this unit is to manage 
overall liquidity needs and interest rate risk. Each line of business borrows funds from and provides funds to the Funds 
Management unit as needed to support their operations. Operating results for Funds Management and other include the effect of 
interest rate risk positions and risk management activities, securities gains and losses including impairment charges, the 
provision for credit losses in excess of net loans charged off, tax planning strategies and certain executive compensation costs 
that are not attributed to the lines of business. 

BOK Financial allocates resources and evaluates performance of its lines of business after allocation of funds, actual net credit 
losses and capital costs. In addition, we measure the performance of our business lines after allocation of certain indirect 
expenses and taxes on statutory rates. The allocation for the prior comparable periods have been revised on a comparable basis. 

The cost of funds borrowed from the Funds Management unit by the operating lines of business is transfer priced at rates that 
approximate market rates for funds with similar duration. Market rates are generally based on the applicable LIBOR or interest 
rate swap rates, adjusted for prepayment risk. This method of transfer-pricing funds that support assets of the operating lines of 
business tends to insulate them from interest rate risk.

145

 
 
 
 
 
The value of funds provided by the operating lines of business to the Funds Management unit is based on rates which 
approximate the wholesale market rates for funds with similar duration and re-pricing characteristics. Market rates are 
generally based on LIBOR or interest rate swap rates. The funds credit formula applied to deposit products with indeterminate 
maturities is established based on their re-pricing characteristics reflected in a combination of the short-term LIBOR rates and a 
moving average of an intermediate term swap rate, with an appropriate spread applied to both. Shorter duration products are 
weighted towards the short-term LIBOR rate and longer duration products are weighted towards intermediate swap rates. The 
expected duration ranges from 30 days for certain rate-sensitive deposits to five years.

Substantially all revenue is from domestic customers. No single external customer accounts for more than 10% of total 
revenue.

Net loans charged off and provision for credit losses represents net loans charged off as attributed to the lines of business and 
the provision for credit losses in excess of net charge-offs attributed to Funds Management and Other.

The acquisition of Mobank on December 1, 2016 was allocated to the operating segments on February 21, 2017 when Mobank 
was mered into BOKF, NA. Operations, assets and liabilities of Mobank were included in Funds Management and Other during 
this time period.

Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as 
follows (in thousands):

Net interest and dividend revenue from external

sources

Net interest revenue (expense) from internal

sources

Net interest and dividend revenue

Provision for credit losses

Net interest and dividend revenue after

provision for credit losses

Other operating revenue

Other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing

rights

Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net

Corporate expense allocations

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Net income attributable to non-controlling

interests

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp.

shareholders

Average assets

Commercial

Consumer

Wealth
Management

Funds
Management
and Other

BOK
Financial
Consolidated

$

588,938

$

96,360

$

45,024

$

111,379

$

841,701

(84,290)

504,648

13,881

490,767

206,110

226,334

470,543

52

—

(2,681)

33,958

433,956

168,809

265,147

47,218

143,578

4,783

138,795

196,231

224,323

110,703

(3,331)

172

223

67,761

40,006

15,562

24,444

38,344

83,368

(696)

84,064

301,434

246,626

138,872

—

—

387

40,562

98,697

38,393

60,304

(1,272)

110,107

(24,968)

135,075

(8,681)

328,234

(201,840)

3,279

(172)

2,071

(142,281)

(54,381)

(40,171)

(14,210)

—

841,701

(7,000)

848,701

695,094

1,025,517

518,278

—

—

—

—

518,278

182,593

335,685

—

—

—

1,041

1,041

$

265,147

$ 17,517,217

$

$

24,444

$

60,304

$

(15,251) $

334,644

8,956,713

$

7,072,622

$

(599,058) $

32,947,494

146

 
Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 is as 
follows (in thousands):

Net interest and dividend revenue from external

sources

Net interest revenue (expense) from internal

sources

Net interest and dividend revenue

Provision for credit losses

Net interest and dividend revenue after

provision for credit losses

Other operating revenue

Other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing

rights

Gain on repossessed assets, net

Corporate expense allocations

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp.

shareholders

Average assets

Commercial

Consumer

Wealth
Management

Funds
Management
and Other

BOK
Financial
Consolidated

$

492,967

$

85,998

$

33,006

$

135,257

$

747,228

(58,781)

434,186

32,959

401,227

195,521

216,451

380,297

10

—

669

35,760

345,216

134,289

210,927

—

$

210,927

$ 16,998,626

$

$

37,777

123,775

4,927

118,848

224,802

249,744

93,906

(26,252)

(2,193)

979

66,411

29

11

18

—

18

8,722,372

$

$

29,043

62,049

(801)

62,850

283,222

250,994

95,078

(42)

—

—

42,378

52,658

20,484

32,174

—

32,174

6,281,127

(8,039)

127,218

27,915

99,303

(29,525)

300,401

(230,623)

26,284

2,193

(1,648)

(144,549)

(59,245)

(48,407)

(10,838)

(387)

—

747,228

65,000

682,228

674,020

1,017,590

338,658

—

—

—

—

338,658

106,377

232,281

(387)

$

$

(10,451) $

232,668

276,277

$

32,278,402

147

 
Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 is as 
follows (in thousands):

Net interest and dividend revenue from external

sources

Net interest revenue (expense) from internal

sources

Net interest and dividend revenue

Provision for credit losses

Net interest and dividend revenue after

provision for credit losses

Other operating revenue

Other operating expense

Net direct contribution

Loss on financial instruments, net

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing

rights

Gain on repossessed assets, net

Corporate expense allocations

Net income before taxes

Federal and state income taxes

Net income

Net income attributable to non-controlling

interests

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp.

shareholders

Average assets

Commercial

Consumer

Wealth
Management

Funds
Management
and Other

BOK
Financial
Consolidated

$

439,751

$

84,848

$

24,744

$

154,011

$

703,354

(52,313)

387,438

(6,748)

394,186

177,729

202,804

369,111

—

—

708

43,279

326,540

127,024

199,516

28,503

113,351

6,934

106,417

218,095

203,070

121,442

(4,712)

(4,853)

916

74,936

37,857

14,726

23,131

24,043

48,787

(1,083)

49,870

267,523

228,664

88,729

(204)

—

—

40,357

48,168

18,737

29,431

(233)

153,778

34,897

118,881

(4,867)

261,653

(147,639)

4,916

4,853

(1,624)

(158,572)

19,078

(21,103)

40,181

—

703,354

34,000

669,354

658,480

896,191

431,643

—

—

—

—

431,643

139,384

292,259

—

—

—

3,694

3,694

$

199,516

$ 16,284,527

$

$

23,131

$

29,431

$

36,487

8,836,327

$

5,444,483

$

9,418

$

$

288,565

30,574,755

148

 
(18) Fair Value Measurements 

Fair value is defined by applicable accounting guidance as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants in the principal market for the given asset or liability at the measurement date based on 
market conditions at that date. An orderly transaction assumes exposure to the market for a customary period for marketing 
activities prior to the measurement date and not a forced liquidation or distressed sale. Certain assets and liabilities are recorded 
in the Company’s financial statements at fair value. Some are recorded on a recurring basis and some on a non-recurring basis.

For some assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might be available. For other assets and 
liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might not be available. A hierarchy for fair value has been 
established which categorizes into three levels the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels 
are as follows:

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1) - fair value is based on unadjusted quoted 
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) - fair value is based on significant other observable inputs which are 
generally determined based on a single price for each financial instrument provided to us by an applicable third-party 
pricing service and is based on one or more of the following:

•  Quoted prices for similar, but not identical, assets or liabilities in active markets;
•  Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
• 

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment 
speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates;

•  Other inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market inputs.

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - fair value is based upon model-based valuation techniques for which at least 
one significant assumption is not observable in the market. 

Transfers between levels are recognized as of the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers in or out of quoted prices 
in active markets for identical instruments to significant other observable inputs or significant unobservable inputs during the 
year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Transfers between significant other observable inputs and significant 
unobservable inputs during the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are included in the summary of changes in recurring 
fair values measured using unobservable inputs.

The underlying methods used by the third-party pricing services are considered in determining the primary inputs used to 
determine fair values. Management has evaluated the methodologies employed by the third-party pricing services by 
comparing the price provided by the pricing service with other sources, including brokers' quotes, sales or purchases of similar 
instruments and discounted cash flows to establish a basis for reliance on the pricing service values. Significant differences 
between the pricing service provided value and other sources are discussed with the pricing service to understand the basis for 
their values. Based on all observable inputs, management may adjust prices obtained from third-party pricing services to more 
appropriately reflect the prices that would be received to sell assets or paid to transfer liabilities in orderly transactions in the 
current market. No significant adjustments were made to prices provided by third-party pricing services at December 31, 2017 
and 2016. 

149

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis is as follows as of December 31, 2017 (in 
thousands):

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments

Total

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

Assets:

Trading securities:

U.S. government agency debentures

$

21,196

$

— $

21,196

$

U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Asset-backed securities

Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Available for sale securities:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities – U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Mortgage servicing rights, net1
Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2

Liabilities:

Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

462,676

1,000

27,080

5,309,152

93,221

2,834,961

25,481

15,767

14,916

—

—

—

—

—

1,000

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

462,676

—

22,278

5,309,152

93,221

2,834,961

25,009

15,767

14,916

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,802

—

—

—

472

—

—

8,321,578

1,000

8,315,304

5,274

755,054

221,378

252,867

220,502

—

—

—

755,054

209,079

—

8,179

212,323

171,963

—

171,963

—

12,299

252,867

—

—

1  A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to 

determine fair value are presented in Note 7, Mortgage Banking Activities.

2  See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts in a net asset position that were valued 
based on quoted prices in active markets or identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate, energy and agricultural 
derivative contracts, net of cash margin. Derivative contracts in a net liability position that were valued using quoted prices in active 
markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate and energy derivative contracts, fully offset by cash margin.

150

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis is as follows as of December 31, 2016 (in 
thousands):

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments

Total

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

Assets:

Trading securities:

U.S. government agency debentures

$

6,234

$

— $

6,234

$

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Asset-backed securities

Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Available for sale securities:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities – U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Mortgage servicing rights, net1
Derivative contracts, net of cash margin2

Liabilities:

Derivative contracts, net of cash margin 2

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

337,628

999

40,993

5,460,386

115,535

3,017,933

4,152

18,474

18,357

8,676,829

77,046

301,897

247,073

689,872

—

—

—

—

—

999

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,495

4,494

—

—

—

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

337,628

—

35,204

5,460,386

115,535

3,017,933

—

18,474

14,862

8,662,394

77,046

290,280

—

7,541

682,331

664,531

6,972

657,559

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,789

—

—

—

4,152

—

—

9,941

—

11,617

247,073

—

—

1  A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to 

determine fair value are presented in Note 7, Mortgage Banking Activities.

2  See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts in a net asset position that were valued 
based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate and energy derivative 
contracts, net of cash margin. Derivative contracts in a net liability position that were valued using quoted prices in active markets for 
identical instruments based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate, energy  
and agricultural derivative contracts, net of cash margin.

151

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Following is a description of the Company's valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured on a recurring 
basis:

Securities

The fair values of trading, available for sale and fair value option securities are based on quoted prices for identical instruments 
in active markets, when available. If quoted prices for identical instruments are not available, fair values are based on 
significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices of comparable instruments or interest rates and credit spreads, yield 
curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds and loss severities. 

The fair value of certain available for sale municipal and other debt securities may be based on significant unobservable inputs. 
These significant unobservable inputs include limited observed trades, projected cash flows, current credit rating of the issuers 
and, when applicable, the insurers of the debt and observed trades of similar debt. Discount rates are primarily based on 
reference to interest rate spreads on comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-
recognized rating agencies adjusted for a lack of trading volume. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by investment 
securities professionals involved in the active trading of similar securities. A summary of significant inputs used to value these 
securities follows. A management committee composed of senior members from the Company's Capital Markets, Risk 
Management and Finance departments assess the appropriateness of these inputs quarterly.

Derivatives 

All derivative instruments are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on 
quoted prices. Fair values for over-the-counter interest rate, commodity and foreign exchange contracts are based on valuations 
provided either by third-party dealers in the contracts, quotes provided by independent pricing services, or a third-party 
provided pricing model that uses significant other observable market inputs. 

Credit risk is considered in determining the fair value of derivative instruments. Management determines fair value adjustments 
based on various risk factors including but not limited to counterparty credit rating or equivalent loan grading, derivative 
contract notional size, price volatility of the underlying commodity, duration of the derivative contracts and expected loss 
severity. Expected loss severity is based on historical losses for similarly risk graded commercial loan customers. Decreases in 
counterparty credit rating or grading and increases in price volatility and expected loss severity all tend to increase the credit 
quality adjustment which reduces the fair value of asset contracts. 

We also consider our own credit risk in determining the fair value of derivative contracts. Changes in our credit rating would 
affect the fair value of our derivative liabilities. In the event of a credit downgrade, the fair value of our derivative liabilities 
would increase. 

Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

Residential mortgage loans held for sale are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair values of conforming residential 
mortgage loans held for sale are based upon quoted market prices of such loans sold in securitization transactions, including 
related unfunded loan commitments. The fair value of mortgage loans that are unable to be sold to U.S. government agencies is 
determined using quoted prices of loans that are sold in securitization transactions with a liquidity discount applied.

152

The following represents the changes related to assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant 
unobservable inputs (in thousands):

Available for Sale

Securities

Municipal
and other
tax-exempt
securities

Other debt
securities

Residential
mortgage
loans held
for sale

$

9,610

$

4,151

$

Balance, December 31, 2015
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21
Purchases and capital calls

Redemptions and distributions

Proceeds from sales

Gain (loss) recognized in earnings:

Mortgage banking revenue

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

Balance, December 31, 2016
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21
Purchases and capital calls

Redemptions and distributions

Proceeds from sales

Gain (loss) recognized in earnings:

Mortgage banking revenue

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Net change in unrealized gain (loss)

—

—

(3,975)

—

—

154

5,789

—

—

(1,100)

—

—

113

—

—

—

—

—

1

4,152

—

—

—

7,874

6,631

—

—

(2,540)

(348)

—

11,617

3,507

—

—

(3,900)

(2,944)

—

220

119

—

Balance, December 31, 2017
12,299
1  Recurring transfers to Level 3 from Level 2 consist of residential mortgage loans intended for sale to U.S. government agencies that fail to 

4,802

472

$

$

$

meet conforming standards.

153

 
 
A summary of quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable 
inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2017 follows (in thousands):

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Amortized
Cost/
Unpaid 
Principal 
Balance

Par
Value

Fair
Value

Valuation Technique(s)

Significant
Unobservable
Input

Range
(Weighted Average)

Available for sale securities:

Municipal and other tax-
exempt securities

$

5,095

$

5,068

$

4,802

Discounted cash flows

Other debt securities

500

500

472

Discounted cash flows

Residential mortgage loans

held for sale

N/A

12,981

12,299

Quoted prices of loans
sold in securitization
transactions, with a
liquidity discount
applied

1

1

Interest rate
spread

Interest rate
spread

Liquidity
discount applied
to the market
value of
mortgage loans
qualifying for
sale to U.S.
government
agencies

6.60%-6.60% (6.60%)

92.25%-94.76% (93.75%)

6.85% - 6.85% (6.85%)

94.39% - 94.39% (94.39%)

2

3

4

3

94.75%

1  Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and 

credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume.

2  Interest rate yields used to value investment grade tax-exempt securities represent a spread of 372 to 466 basis points over average yields for comparable 

tax-exempt securities.

3  Represents fair value as a percentage of par value.
4  Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding 

approximately 3%. 

A summary of quantitative information about Recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3) as of December 31, 2016 follows (in thousands):

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Par
Value

Amortized
Cost6

Fair
Value

Valuation Technique(s)

Significant
Unobservable
Input

Range
(Weighted Average)

Available for sale securities:

Municipal and other tax-
exempt securities

$

6,195

$

6,163

$

5,789

Discounted cash flows

Other debt securities

4,400

4,400

4,152

Discounted cash flows

1

1

Interest rate
spread

Interest rate
spread

5.91%-6.21% (6.16%)

90.00%-93.40% (92.20%)

6.01% - 6.26% (6.23%)

94.34% - 94.36% (94.36%)

2

3

4

3

Residential mortgage loans

held for sale

N/A

12,431

11,617

Liquidity
discount applied
to the market
value of
mortgage loans
qualifying for
sale to U.S.
government
agencies

Quoted prices of loans
sold in securitization
transactions, with a
liquidity discount
applied

93.45%

1  Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and 

credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume.

2  Interest rate yields used to value investment grade tax-exempt securities represent a spread of 467 to 525 basis points over average yields for comparable 

tax-exempt securities.

3  Represents fair value as a percentage of par value.
4  Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding less than 

1%. 

154

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include pension plan assets, which are based on quoted prices in active 
markets for identical instruments, collateral for certain impaired loans and real property and other assets acquired to satisfy 
loans, which are based primarily on comparisons to completed sales of similar assets. See Note 6 for information related to the 
non-recurring fair value measurement of Mobank.

The following represents the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and related losses 
recorded during the year. The carrying value represents only those assets with the balance sheet date for which the fair value 
was adjusted during the year:

Carrying Value at December 31, 2017

Fair Value Adjustments for the
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Recognized In:

Quoted Prices
in Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Instruments

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

Gross charge-
offs against
allowance for
loan losses

Net losses and
expenses of
repossessed
assets, net

Impaired loans
Real estate and other repossessed assets

$

— $
—

$

7,436
3,483

$

7,626
5,481

$

12,145
—

—
6,372

Carrying Value at December 31, 2016

Fair Value Adjustments for the
 Year Ended December 31, 2016
Recognized In:

Quoted Prices
in Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Instruments

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

Gross charge-
offs against
allowance for
loan losses

Net losses and
expenses of
repossessed
assets, net

Impaired loans
Real estate and other repossessed assets

$

— $
—

$

539
7,965

$

11,295
2,192

$

7,594
—

—
2,527

The fair value of collateral-dependent impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets and the related fair value 
adjustments are generally based on unadjusted third-party appraisals. Our appraisal review policies require appraised values to 
be supported by observed inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Appraisals that are not 
based on observable inputs or that require significant adjustments or fair value measurements that are not based on third-party 
appraisals are considered to be based on significant unobservable inputs. Non-recurring fair value measurements of collateral-
dependent impaired loans and real estate and other repossessed assets based on significant unobservable inputs are generally 
due to estimates of current fair values between appraisal dates. Significant unobservable inputs include listing prices for 
comparable assets, uncorroborated expert opinions or management's knowledge of the collateral or industry. Non-recurring fair 
value measurements of collateral dependent loans secured by mineral rights are generally determined by our internal staff of 
engineers on projected cash flows under current market conditions and are based on significant unobservable inputs. Projected 
cash flows are discounted according to risk characteristics of the underlying oil and gas properties. Assets are evaluated to 
demonstrate with reasonable certainty that crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids can be recovered from known oil and 
gas reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions at current prices with existing conventional equipment, 
operating methods and costs. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by asset management and workout professionals 
and approved by senior Credit Administration executives.

155

 
 
 
 
 
A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2017 follows (in thousands):

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Impaired loans

Fair
Value

Valuation
Technique(s)

$

7,626 Discounted cash

flows

Real estate and other repossessed assets

5,481 Discounted cash

flows

1  Represents fair value as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance.

Significant Unobservable Input
Recoverable oil and gas reserves,
forward-looking commodity prices and
estimated operating costs

Recoverable oil and gas reserves,
forward-looking commodity prices,
estimated operating costs

Range
(Weighted Average)
40% - 86% (59%)1

N/A

A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2016 follows (in thousands):

Impaired loans

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Fair
Value

Valuation
Technique(s)

$ 11,295 Discounted cash

flows

Significant Unobservable Input
Recoverable oil and gas reserves,
forward-looking commodity prices and
estimated operating costs

Real estate and other repossessed assets

2,192 Appraised value,

as adjusted
1  Represents fair value as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance.
2  Marketability adjustments include consideration of estimated costs to sell which is approximately 10% of the fair value. 

Marketability adjustments off 
appraised value2

Range
(Weighted Average)
22% - 59% (57%)1

70% - 87% (74%)

The fair value of pension plan assets was approximately $40 million at December 31, 2017 and $42 million at December 31, 
2016, determined by significant other observable inputs. Fair value adjustments of pension plan assets along with changes in 
the projected benefit obligation are recognized in other comprehensive income. 

156

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of all financial instruments, including those financial 
assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring (dollars in 
thousands): 

December 31, 2017

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Carrying
Value

Estimated
Fair Value

$

602,510

602,510

602,510

1,714,544

1,714,544

1,714,544

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

5,309,152

5,309,152

Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities

93,221

93,221

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

Cash and due from banks

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents

Trading securities:

U.S. government agency debentures

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Asset-backed securities

Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Investment securities:

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale securities:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities – U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

Loans:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total loans

Allowance for loan losses

Loans, net of allowance

Mortgage servicing rights

Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash margin

Deposits with no stated maturity

Time deposits

Other borrowed funds

Subordinated debentures

Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash margin

21,196

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

21,196

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

462,676

438,791

228,186

15,891

217,716

461,793

1,000

27,080

230,349

16,242

233,444

480,035

1,000

27,080

2,834,961

2,834,961

25,481

15,767

14,916

25,481

15,767

14,916

755,054

221,378

755,054

221,378

10,733,975

10,524,627

3,479,987

1,973,686

965,776

3,428,733

1,977,721

956,706

17,153,424

16,887,787

(230,682)

—

16,922,742

16,887,787

252,867

220,502

252,867

220,502

19,962,889

19,962,889

2,064,558

5,703,121

148,207

171,963

2,098,416

5,709,860

144,677

171,963

157

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,000

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

21,196

392,673

13,559

23,885

11,363

438,791

230,349

16,242

233,444

480,035

—

22,278

5,309,152

93,221

2,834,961

25,009

15,767

14,916

755,054

208,946

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,802

—

—

—

472

—

—

5,274

—

12,432

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10,524,627

3,428,733

1,977,721

956,706

16,887,787

—

16,887,787

252,867

8,179

212,323

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

148,207

171,963

19,962,889

2,064,558

5,703,121

—

—

8,321,578

8,321,578

1,000

8,315,304

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Instruments
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Carrying
Value

Estimated
Fair Value

$

620,846

$

620,846

620,846

1,916,651

1,916,651

1,916,651

— $

—

Cash and due from banks

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents

Trading securities:

U.S. government agency debentures

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

Asset-backed securities

Other trading securities

Total trading securities

Investment securities:

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

Other debt securities

Total investment securities

Available for sale securities:

U.S. Treasury securities

Municipal and other tax-exempt securities

6,234

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

6,234

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

337,628

337,628

320,364

20,777

205,004

546,145

999

40,993

321,225

21,473

222,795

565,493

999

40,993

U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities

5,460,386

5,460,386

Privately issued residential mortgage-backed securities

115,535

115,535

Commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S.

government agencies

Other debt securities

Perpetual preferred stock

Equity securities and mutual funds

Total available for sale securities

Fair value option securities – U.S. government agency residential

mortgage-backed securities

Residential mortgage loans held for sale

Loans:

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Total loans

Allowance for loan losses

Loans, net of allowance

Mortgage servicing rights

Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash margin

Deposits with no stated maturity

Time deposits

Other borrowed funds

Subordinated debentures

Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash margin

3,017,933

3,017,933

4,152

18,474

18,357

4,152

18,474

18,357

8,676,829

8,676,829

77,046

301,897

77,046

301,897

10,390,824

10,437,016

3,809,046

1,949,832

839,958

3,850,981

2,025,159

864,904

16,989,660

17,178,060

(246,159)

—

16,743,501

17,178,060

247,073

689,872

247,073

689,872

20,526,295

20,526,295

2,221,800

5,572,662

144,640

664,531

2,218,303

5,556,327

128,903

664,531

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,789

—

—

—

4,152

—

—

9,941

—

11,617

10,437,016

3,850,981

2,025,159

864,904

17,178,060

—

17,178,060

247,073

—

20,526,295

2,218,303

5,556,327

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

999

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,495

4,494

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6,234

310,067

14,427

—

6,900

337,628

321,225

21,473

222,795

565,493

—

35,204

5,460,386

115,535

3,017,933

—

18,474

14,862

8,662,394

77,046

290,280

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,541

682,331

—

—

—

—

6,972

—

—

—

128,903

657,559

Because no market exists for certain of these financial instruments and management does not intend to sell these financial 
instruments, the fair values shown in the tables above may not represent values at which the respective financial instruments 
could be sold individually or in the aggregate at the given reporting date.

158

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The book value reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and short-term instruments approximates those assets’ fair 
values.

Securities

The fair values of securities are generally based on Significant Other Observable Inputs such as quoted prices for comparable 
instruments or interest rates and credit spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds and loss severities. 

Loans

The fair value of loans, excluding loans held for sale, are based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates and credit 
and liquidity spreads currently being offered for loans with similar remaining terms to maturity and risk, adjusted for the impact 
of interest rate floors and ceilings which are classified as Significant Unobservable Inputs. The fair values of loans were 
estimated to approximate their discounted cash flows less loan loss allowances allocated to these loans of $208 million at 
December 31, 2017 and $218 million at December 31, 2016. A summary of assumptions used in determining the fair value of 
loans follows:

December 31, 2017

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

December 31, 2016

Commercial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgage

Personal

Deposits

Range of
Contractual
Yields

Average
Re-pricing
(in years)

Discount
Rate

0.38% - 30.00%

0.38% - 18.00%

1.74% - 18.00%

1.18% - 21.00%

0.38% - 30.00%

0.38% - 18.00%

1.74% - 18.00%

0.25% - 21.00%

0.64

0.80

2.27

0.23

0.70

0.71

2.27

0.40

0.77% - 4.67%

1.04% - 4.41%

2.11% - 4.09%

0.56% - 4.81%

0.64% - 4.60%

0.94% - 4.27%

1.71% - 4.26%

1.03% - 4.59%

The fair values of time deposits are based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates currently being offered on 
similar transactions which are considered Significant Unobservable Inputs. Estimated fair value of deposits with no stated 
maturity, which includes demand deposits, transaction deposits, money market deposits and savings accounts, is equal to the 
amount payable on demand. Although market premiums paid reflect an additional value for these low cost deposits, adjusting 
fair value for the expected benefit of these deposits is prohibited. Accordingly, the positive effect of such deposits is not 
included in the tables above. A summary of assumptions used in determining the fair value of time deposits follows:

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Range of
Contractual
Yields

0.03% - 9.64%

0.02% - 9.65%

Average
Re-pricing
(in years)

1.91

1.96

Discount
Rate

2.18% - 2.36%

1.57% - 2.00%

159

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Borrowed Funds and Subordinated Debentures

The fair values of these instruments are based upon discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates currently being offered 
on similar instruments which are considered Significant Unobservable Inputs. A summary of assumptions used in determining 
the fair value of other borrowings and subordinated debentures follows:

December 31, 2017

Other borrowed funds

Subordinated debentures

December 31, 2016

Other borrowed funds

Subordinated debentures

Off-Balance Sheet Instruments

Range of
Contractual
Yields

Average
Re-pricing
(in years)

Discount
Rate

0.25% - 3.49%

5.38%

0.25% - 3.50%

5.38%

0.00

16.79

0.00

16.86

1.33% - 4.04%

4.61%

0.55% - 3.22%

6.11%

The fair values of commercial loan commitments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking 
into account the remaining terms of the agreements. The fair values of these off-balance sheet instruments were not significant 
at December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

Fair Value Election

As more fully disclosed in Note 2 and Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has elected to carry all 
U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities held as economic hedges against changes in the fair value of 
mortgage servicing rights and all residential mortgage loans originated for sale at fair value. Changes in the fair value of these 
financial instruments are recognized in earnings.

160

 
 
(19) Parent Company Only Financial Statements 

Summarized financial information for BOK Financial – Parent Company Only follows:

Balance Sheets
(In thousands)

Assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Available for sale securities

Investment in bank subsidiaries

Investment in non-bank subsidiaries

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Liabilities:

Other liabilities

Other borrowings – Trust preferred debt

Subordinated debentures

Total liabilities

Shareholders’ equity:

Common stock

Capital surplus

Retained earnings

Treasury stock

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total shareholders’ equity

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

Statements of Earnings
(In thousands)

December 31,

2017

2016

$

205,876

$

163,418

16,185

19,234

3,255,912

3,067,595

170,966

4,065

177,068

4,865

$

3,653,004

$

3,432,180

$

12,960

$

—

144,677

157,637

5,469

7,217

144,640

157,326

4

4

1,035,895

3,048,487

(552,845)

(36,174)

1,006,535

2,823,334

(544,052)

(10,967)

3,495,367

3,274,854

$

3,653,004

$

3,432,180

Dividends, interest and fees received from bank subsidiaries

$

150,149

$

15,237

$

150,308

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

Dividends, interest and fees received from non-bank subsidiaries

Other revenue

Total revenue

Interest expense

Other operating expense

Total expense

Income before taxes and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries

Federal and state income taxes

Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries

Equity in undistributed income of bank subsidiaries

Equity in undistributed income of non-bank subsidiaries

17,500

936

168,585

8,239

2,014

10,253

158,332

(4,305)

162,637

181,552

(9,545)

25,923

1,612

42,772

4,182

1,978

6,160

36,612

(1,920)

38,532

216,120

(21,984)

—

1,279

151,587

131

2,242

2,373

149,214

(375)

149,589

134,045

4,931

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders

$

334,644

$

232,668

$

288,565

161

 
 
 
Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Equity in undistributed income of bank subsidiaries

Equity in undistributed income of non-bank subsidiaries

Change in other assets

Change in other liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:

Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities

Investment in subsidiaries

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:

Net change in other borrowings

Issuance of subordinated debentures, net of issuance costs

Issuance of common and treasury stock, net

Dividends paid

Repurchase of common stock

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

Cash paid for interest

(20) Subsequent Events 

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

334,644

$

232,668

$

288,565

(181,552)

(216,120)

(134,045)

9,545

12

7,457

170,106

3,000

(4,355)

—

(1,355)

(7,217)

—

4,368

21,984

(2,933)

(1,285)

34,314

1,632

(26,000)

(105,520)

(129,888)

—

144,615

12,455

(116,041)

(113,455)

(7,403)

(126,293)

42,458

163,418

205,876

6,211

$

$

(66,792)

(23,177)

(118,751)

282,169

163,418

4,127

$

$

$

$

(4,931)

49

(2,818)

146,820

4,760

(41,969)

—

(37,209)

—

—

6,711

(115,281)

(229,540)

(338,110)

(228,499)

510,668

282,169

131

The Company evaluated events from the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements on December 31, 2017 through the 
issuance of those consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. No events were identified 
requiring recognition in and/or disclosure in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

162

 
 
 
 
(This page has been left blank intentionally.)

163

Annual Financial Summary – Unaudited
Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

Assets

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents
Trading securities
Investment securities

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total investment securities
Available for sale securities

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total available for sale securities
Fair value option securities
Restricted equity securities
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Loans
Allowance for loan losses

Loans, net of allowance
Total earning assets

Receivable on unsettled securities sales
Cash and other assets
Total assets

Liabilities and equity

Interest-bearing deposits:

Transaction
Savings
Time

Total interest-bearing deposits
Funds purchased
Repurchase agreements
Other borrowings
Subordinated debentures

Total interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest bearing demand deposits
Due on unsettled securities purchases
Other liabilities
Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets
Less tax-equivalent adjustment
Net Interest Revenue
Provision for credit losses
Other operating revenue
Other operating expense
Net income before taxes
Federal and state income taxes
Net income
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders
Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent:

Net income:
Basic
Diluted

Year Ended
December 31, 2017

Average
Balance

Revenue/
Expense

Yield/
Rate

22,128
17,637

11,915
6,877
18,792

175,504
2,564
178,068
16,755
18,490
8,706
709,378

709,378
989,954

28,627
359
24,817
53,803
421
435
68,268
8,123
131,050

1.10%
3.51%

5.35%
2.55%
3.82%

2.12%
5.55%
2.13%
2.81%
5.80%
3.59%
4.13%

4.19%
3.36%

0.28%
0.08%
1.13%
0.42%
0.73%
0.10%
1.15%
5.62%
0.67%

$

2,009,011
521,742

$

222,782
269,207
491,989

8,403,592
49,823
8,453,415
593,744
318,744
245,133
17,176,102
(249,430)
16,926,672
29,560,450
66,922
3,320,122
32,947,494

10,220,068
458,451
2,193,273
12,871,792
58,064
433,791
5,922,588
144,658
19,430,893
9,312,989
153,528
615,217
3,434,867
32,947,494

$

$

$

$

$

858,904

2.69%
2.92%

17,203
841,701
(7,000)
695,094
1,025,517
518,278
182,593
335,685
1,041
334,644

5.11
5.11

$

$
$

Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented.The yield calculations exclude security trades 
that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also include average 
loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield/rate calculations are generally based on the 
conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued.

164

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Financial Summary – Unaudited (continued)
Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

Year Ended

December 31, 2016

Average
Balance

Revenue/
Expense

Yield/
Rate

Average
Balance

December 31, 2015
Revenue/
Expense

Yield/
Rate

Assets

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents
Trading securities
Investment securities

$

2,038,919
317,808

$

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total investment securities
Available for sale securities

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total available for sale securities
Fair value option securities
Restricted equity securities
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Loans
Allowance for loan losses

Loans, net of allowance
Total earning assets

Receivable on unsettled securities sales
Cash and other assets
Total assets

Liabilities and equity

Interest-bearing deposits:

Transaction
Savings
Time

Total interest-bearing deposits
Funds purchased
Repurchase agreements
Other borrowings
Subordinated debentures

Total interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest bearing demand deposits
Due on unsettled securities purchases
Other liabilities
Total equity

$

$

Total liabilities and equity

$

Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to

Earning Assets

Less tax-equivalent adjustment
Net Interest Revenue
Provision for credit losses
Other operating revenue
Other operating expense
Net income before taxes
Federal and state income taxes
Net income
Net income attributable to non-controlling

interests

Net income attributable to BOK Financial

Corporation shareholders

Earnings Per Average Common Share

Equivalent:

Net income:
Basic
Diluted

10,726
9,213

12,268
7,567
19,835

173,272
3,353
176,625
6,723
17,238
12,658
593,700

593,700
846,718

13,906
386
26,202
40,494
186
248
34,902
6,059
81,889

226,442
334,812
561,254

8,799,716
67,667
8,867,383
323,695
320,975
370,600
16,357,867
(243,631)
16,114,236
28,914,870
114,773
3,248,759
32,278,402

9,744,998
414,103
2,259,242
12,418,343
78,222
589,145
6,019,647
214,842
19,320,199
8,474,230
132,539
1,002,017
3,349,417
32,278,402

$

$

764,829

17,601
747,228
65,000
674,020
1,017,590
338,658
106,377
232,281

(387)

232,668

3.53
3.53

$

$
$

165

0.27%
2.49%

5.48%
1.55%
3.04%

1.97%
4.25%
1.99%
2.26%
5.88%
3.59%
3.58%

3.63%
2.84%

0.09%
0.10%
1.35%
0.34%
0.09%
0.04%
0.33%
1.84%
0.35%

2.49%

2.60%

0.53% $ 2,031,403
149,572
3.43%

$

5.42%
2.26%
3.54%

236,193
386,122
622,315

8,937,418
2.01%
81,469
5.18%
9,018,887
2.03%
426,461
1.93%
230,140
5.37%
3.45%
380,979
3.63% 15,063,002
(200,872)
3.68% 14,862,130
2.95% 27,721,887
80,079
2,772,789
$ 30,574,755

0.14% $ 9,919,913
377,497
0.09%
1.16%
2,587,367
0.33% 12,884,777
69,149
0.24%
766,410
0.04%
4,212,417
0.58%
2.82%
276,662
0.42% 18,209,415
8,048,469
173,743
769,823
3,373,305
$ 30,574,755

2.53%

2.66%

5,580
3,055

12,932
5,971
18,903

172,582
3,341
175,923
9,264
13,532
13,602
539,426

539,426
779,285

$

8,821
383
34,966
44,170
65
282
13,857
5,100
63,474

$

715,811

12,457
703,354
34,000
658,480
896,191
431,643
139,384
292,259

3,694

$

288,565

$
$

4.22
4.21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited
Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

Three Months Ended

Average
Balance

December 31, 2017
Revenue/
Expense

Yield/
Rate

Average
Balance

September 30, 2017
Revenue/
Expense

Yield/
Rate

Assets

Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents
Trading securities
Investment securities

$

1,976,395
560,321

$

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total investment securities
Available for sale securities

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total available for sale securities
Fair value option securities
Restricted equity securities
Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Loans
Allowance for loan losses

Loans, net of allowance
Total earning assets

Receivable on unsettled securities sales
Cash and other assets
Total assets
Liabilities and equity

Interest-bearing deposits:

Transaction
Savings
Time

Total interest-bearing deposits
Funds purchased
Repurchase agreements
Other borrowings
Subordinated debentures

Total interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest bearing demand deposits
Due on unsettled securities purchases
Other liabilities
Total equity

Total liabilities and equity
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning

Assets

Less tax-equivalent adjustment
Net Interest Revenue
Provision for credit losses
Other operating revenue
Other operating expense
Net income before taxes
Federal and state income taxes
Net income
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp.

shareholders

Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent:

Net income:
Basic
Diluted

6,311
4,629

3,029
1,577
4,606

45,078
545
45,623
5,770
4,956
2,389
185,614

185,614
259,898

8,914
87
6,296
15,297
145
195
21,242
2,025
38,904

228,388
234,481
462,869

8,392,231
43,685
8,435,916
792,647
337,673
257,927
17,181,007
(246,143)
16,934,864
29,758,612
49,219
3,644,284
$ 33,452,115

$ 10,142,744
466,496
2,134,469
12,743,709
63,713
424,617
6,209,903
144,673
19,586,615
9,417,351
218,684
714,075
3,515,390
$ 33,452,115

$

$

220,994

4,131
216,863
(7,000)
166,836
263,987
126,712
54,347
72,365
(127)

72,492

1.11
1.11

$

$
$

1.29%
3.47%

5.31%
2.60%
3.86%

2.16%
5.27%
2.17%
2.97%
5.87%
3.36%
4.31%

4.38%
3.50%

0.32%
0.08%
1.16%
0.45%
0.92%
0.15%
1.29%
5.68%
0.75%

2.75%

3.01%

6,375
4,122

2,942
1,650
4,592

44,579
566
45,145
5,066
4,826
2,095
187,506

187,506
259,727

8,062
90
6,378
14,530
116
140
20,105
2,070
36,961

1.27% $
3.38%

1,965,645
491,613

$

5.31%
2.69%
3.98%

221,609
254,096
475,705

2.19%
8,381,536
5.41%
46,817
2.21%
8,428,353
2.90%
684,571
5.87%
328,677
3.72%
256,343
4.29% 17,256,663
(250,590)
4.35% 17,006,073
3.49% 29,636,980
76,622
3,294,568
$ 33,008,170

0.35% $ 10,088,522
0.07%
464,130
1.17%
2,176,820
0.48% 12,729,472
0.90%
49,774
0.18%
361,512
1.36%
6,162,641
5.55%
144,663
0.79% 19,448,062
9,389,849
145,155
540,463
3,484,641
$ 33,008,170

2.70%

2.97%

$

$

222,766

4,314
218,452
—
175,710
265,934
128,228
42,438
85,790
141

85,649

1.31
1.31

$

$
$

Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented.The yield calculations exclude security trades 
that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also include average 
loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield/rate calculations are generally based on the 
conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued

166

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited (continued)
Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

Average Balance

June 30, 2017
Revenue /
Expense

Yield /
Rate

Three Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Revenue /
Expense

Average Balance

December 31, 2016

Yield /
Rate

Average Balance

Revenue /
Expense

Yield /
Rate

1.04% $
3.23%

2,087,964
579,549

$

0.82% $
3.87%

2,032,785
476,498

$

5,198
3,517

2,931
1,757
4,688

42,920
725
43,645
3,539
4,399
2,386
172,139

172,139
239,511

6,437
95
6,090
12,622
96
68
15,188
2,003
29,977

$

2,007,746
456,028

$

219,385
279,987
499,372

8,332,709
51,348
8,384,057
476,102
295,743
245,401
17,129,533
(251,632)
16,877,901
29,242,350
79,248
3,046,973
32,368,571

10,087,640
461,586
2,204,422
12,753,648
63,263
427,353
5,572,031
144,654
18,960,949
9,338,683
157,438
502,068
3,409,433
32,368,571

$

$

$

$

$

209,534

4,330
205,204
—
182,252
250,885
136,571
47,705
88,866
719
88,147

1.35
1.35

$

$
$

221,684
309,252
530,936

8,509,423
57,626
8,567,049
416,524
312,498
220,325
17,135,825
(249,379)
16,886,446
29,601,291
62,641
3,291,057
32,954,989

10,567,475
441,254
2,258,930
13,267,659
55,508
523,561
5,737,955
144,644
19,729,327
9,101,763
91,529
704,978
3,327,392
32,954,989

$

5.34%
2.51%
3.76%

2.09%
6.09%
2.11%
2.92%
5.95%
3.92%
4.03%

4.09%
3.30%

$

0.26% $
0.08%
1.11%
0.40%
0.61%
0.06%
1.09%
5.55%
0.63%

$

2.67%

2.89%

4,244
5,369

3,013
1,893
4,906

42,927
728
43,655
2,380
4,309
1,836
164,119

164,119
230,818

5,214
87
6,053
11,354
64
32
11,733
2,025
25,208

$

205,610

4,428
201,182
—
170,296
244,711
126,767
38,103
88,664
308
88,356

1.35
1.35

$

$
$

167

0.55%
3.91%

5.39%
2.33%
3.60%

1.98%
5.27%
2.00%
0.99%
5.45%
3.31%
3.67%

3.72%
2.98%

0.16%
0.09%
1.12%
0.32%
0.28%
0.02%
0.61%
5.51%
0.44%

2.54%

2.69%

224,376
318,493
542,869

8,706,449
60,106
8,766,555
210,733
334,114
345,066
16,723,588
(246,977)
16,476,611
29,185,231
33,813
3,742,032
32,961,076

9,980,132
421,654
2,177,035
12,578,821
62,004
560,891
6,072,150
144,635
19,418,501
9,124,595
77,575
1,004,212
3,336,193
32,961,076

$

5.44%
2.45%
3.70%

2.02%
5.37%
2.05%
2.27%
5.52%
3.35%
3.88%

3.94%
3.15%

$

0.20% $
0.08%
1.09%
0.35%
0.47%
0.02%
0.83%
5.68%
0.52%

$

2.63%

2.81%

2,800
4,554

3,024
1,854
4,878

42,482
748
43,230
541
4,554
2,835
156,734

156,734
220,126

3,912
91
6,140
10,143
44
34
9,315
2,003
21,539

$

198,587

4,389
194,198
—
143,754
265,547
72,405
22,496
49,909
(117)
50,026

0.76
0.76

$

$
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report and pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 
“Exchange Act”), the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an 
evaluation of the effectiveness and design of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 
13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company's disclosure controls and 
procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting information required to be disclosed by the 
Company, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms.

In addition and as of the end of the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), as amended, of the Exchange Act) during the Company's fourth fiscal 
quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appears within Item 8, “Financial Statements and 
Supplementary Data.” The independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has audited the financial 
statements included in Item 8 and has issued an audit report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting, which 
appears therein.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information set forth under the headings “Election of Directors,” “Executive Officers, “Insider Reporting,” “Director 
Nominations,” and “Report of the Audit Committee” in BOK Financial's 2018 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein 
by reference.

The Company has a Code of Ethics which is applicable to all Directors, officers and employees of the Company, including the 
Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting 
officer, respectively. A copy of the Code of Ethics will be provided without charge to any person who requests it by writing to 
the Company's headquarters at Bank of Oklahoma Tower, P.O. Box 2300, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74192 or telephoning the Chief 
Risk Officer at (918) 588-6000. The Company will also make available amendments to or waivers from its Code of Ethics 
applicable to Directors or executive officers, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, in 
accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.

There are no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company's board 
of directors since the Company's 2017 Annual Proxy Statement to Shareholders.

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information set forth under the heading “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks 
and Insider Participation, “Compensation Committee Report,” “Executive Compensation Tables,” and “Director 
Compensation” in BOK Financial's 2018 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

168

 
 
ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information set forth under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and 
“Election of Directors” in BOK Financial's 2018 Annual Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information regarding related parties is set forth in Note 13 of the Company's Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, 
which appears elsewhere herein. Additionally, the information set forth under the headings “Certain Transactions,” “Director 
Independence” and “Related Party Transaction Review and Approval Process” in BOK Financial's 2018 Annual Proxy 
Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information set forth under the heading “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” in BOK Financial's 2018 Annual Proxy 
Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) (1)  Financial Statements

The following financial statements of BOK Financial Corporation are filed as part of this Form 10-K in Item 8:

Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Annual Financial Summary - Unaudited
Quarterly Financial Summary - Unaudited
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

(a) (2)  Financial Statement Schedules

The schedules to the Consolidated Financial Statements required by Regulation S-X are not required under the related 
instructions or are inapplicable and are therefore omitted.

169

(a) (3)  Exhibits 

Exhibit 
Number 

Description of Exhibit 

3.0 

3.1 

3.1(a) 

4.0 

4.2 

4.3 

10.0 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.4.2 

10.4.2 (a) 

10.4.2 (b) 

10.4.7 

10.4.9 

10.4.10 

10.6 

10.7.7 

The Articles of Incorporation of BOK Financial, incorporated by reference to (i) Amended and Restated 
Certificate of Incorporation of BOK Financial filed with the Oklahoma Secretary of State on May 28, 1991, 
filed as Exhibit 3.0 to S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450, and (ii) Amendment attached as Exhibit A to 
Information Statement and Prospectus Supplement filed November 20, 1991. 

Bylaws of BOK Financial, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-
90450. 

Bylaws of BOK Financial, as amended and restated as of October 30, 2007, incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K filed on November 5, 2007. 

The rights of the holders of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock of BOK Financial are set forth in its 
Certificate of Incorporation. 

Subordinated Notes Indenture, dated as of June 27, 2016, between the Company and U.S. Bank National 
Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's filing on Form 8-K filed 
June 27, 2016). 

Form of 5.375% Subordinated Notes due 2056 Global Security (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the 
Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on June 24, 2016). 

Purchase and Sale Agreement dated October 25, 1990, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.0 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement effective March 29, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the 
FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Letter agreement dated April 12, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, and the FDIC, incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 2.3 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Second Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement effective April 15, 1991, among BOK Financial, Kaiser, 
and the FDIC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Employment and Compensation Agreements. 

Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Agreement (Amended as of December 1, 2003) between 
Steven G. Bradshaw and BOK Financial Corporation, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.2 of Form 10-
K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003. 

409A Deferred Compensation Agreement between Steven G. Bradshaw and BOK Financial Corporation dated 
December 31, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.2 (a) of Form 8-K filed on January 5, 2005. 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 30, 2013) between BOK Financial and 
Steven G. Bradshaw, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.A of Form 8-K filed August 20, 2013. 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and Steven 
Nell incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.B of Form 8-K filed September 4, 2013. 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and 
Norman Bagwell, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.A of Form 8-K filed September 4, 2013. 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (amended as of June 15, 2013) between BOK Financial and 
Stacy C. Kymes incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4.10 of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 
31, 2015. 

Capitalization and Stock Purchase Agreement dated May 20, 1991, between BOK Financial and Kaiser, 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

BOK Financial Corporation 2001 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 
Registration Statement No. 333-62578. 

(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:19) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

10.7.8 

BOK Financial Corporation Directors' Stock Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-
8 Registration Statement No. 33-79836. 

Description of Exhibit 

10.7.9 

10.7.10 

10.7.11 

10.7.12 

10.7.13 

10.7.14 

10.7.16 

10.8 

10.9 

21 

23 

31.1 

31.2 

32 

99 

101 

Bank of Oklahoma Thrift Plan (Amended and Restated Effective as of January 1, 1995), incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.7.6 of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. 

Trust Agreement for the Bank of Oklahoma Thrift Plan (December 30, 1994), incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.7.7 of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994. 

BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 
Registration Statement No. 333-106531. 

BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Executive Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.0 of S-8 
Registration Statement No. 333-106530. 

10b5-1 Repurchase Plan between BOK Financial Corporation and BOSC, Inc. dated May 27, 2008, 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed May 30, 2008. 

BOK Financial Corporation 2003 Executive Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, for the Chief Executive 
Officer and for Direct Reports to the Chief Executive Officer, incorporated by reference to the Schedule 14 A 
Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 15, 2011. 

BOK Financial Corporation 2009 Omnibus Incentive Plan, Amended and Restated effective April 30, 2013, 
incorporated by reference to the Schedule 14A Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 20, 2013. 

Lease Agreement between One Williams Center Co. and National Bank of Tulsa (predecessor to BOk) dated 
June 18, 1974, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Lease Agreement between Security Capital Real Estate Fund and BOk dated January 1, 1988, incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.10 of S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-90450. 

Subsidiaries of BOK Financial, filed herewith. 

Consent of independent registered public accounting firm - Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith. 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed 
herewith. 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed 
herewith. 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as 
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. 

Additional Exhibits. 

Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (iv) the 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, filed 
herewith. 

(b) 

Exhibits 

See Item 15 (a) (3) above. 

(c) 

Financial Statement Schedules 

See Item 15 (a) (2) above. 

(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:20) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION

DATE:    February 27, 2018                                                        BY:  /s/ George B. Kaiser                                                              

George B. Kaiser 
Chairman of the Board of Directors

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on February 27, 2018, 
by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.

OFFICERS

/s/ George B. Kaiser
George B. Kaiser
Chairman of the Board of Directors

/s/ Steven G. Bradshaw

Steven G. Bradshaw
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Steven E. Nell
Steven E. Nell
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

/s/ John C. Morrow
John C. Morrow
Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer

172

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alan S. Armstrong

C. Frederick Ball, Jr.

/s/ Peter C. Boylan III
Peter C. Boylan III

/s/ Chester E. Cadieux, III
Chester E. Cadieux, III 

Jack E. Finley

/s/ Joseph W. Craft, III
Joseph W. Craft, III

DIRECTORS

/s/ Kimberley D. Henry
Kimberley D. Henry

/s/ E. Cary Joullian, IV
E. Carey Joullian, IV

/s/ Robert J. LaFortune
Robert J. LaFortune

Stanley A. Lybarger

/s/ Steven J. Malcolm
Steven J. Malcolm

/s/ Emmet C. Richards
Emmet C. Richards

David F. Griffin 

Michael C. Turpen

/s/ V. Burns Hargis
V. Burns Hargis

Douglas D. Hawthorne

R.A. Walker

173

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 21

BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

Banking Subsidiaries

BOKF, National Association (1)

Other subsidiaries of BOK Financial Corporation

BOK Capital Service Corporation 

BOKC Real Estate Corporation (6)

BOKF Capital Corporation 

BOKF-CC (FSE), LLC 

BOKF-CC (Collision Works), LLC 

BOKF-CC (Heartland), LLC 

BOKF-CC (O2 Concepts), LLC 

BOKF Equity, LLC 

BOKF Private Equity Limited Partnership 

BOKF Private Equity Limited Partnership II 

BOK Financial Securities, Inc.

Cavanal Hill Distributors, Inc.

HFP II, LLC 

The Milestone Group, Inc. (5)

Subsidiaries of BOKF, National Association (1)

Affiliated BancServices, Inc. 

Affiliated Financial Holding Co. 

Affiliated Financial Insurance Agency, Inc. 

BancOklahoma Agri-Service Corporation 

BancOklahoma Mortgage Corporation 

BOK Delaware, Inc. (3)

BOK Financial Asset Management, Inc. (2)

BOK Financial Equipment Finance, Inc. 

BOK Funding Trust (3)

BOKFCDF Fund I, LLC 

BOKF Community Development Fund, LLC 

BOKF Community Development Corporation 

BOKF Petro Holding, LLC 

BOKF Special Assets I, LLC 

BOSC Agency, Inc. (Oklahoma)

BOSC Agency, Inc. (New Mexico) (4)

BOSC Agency, Inc.. (Texas) (2)

Calicotte Ranch HOA, LLC 

Cavanal Hill Investment Management, Inc. 

Cottonwood Valley Ventures, Inc.

CVV Management, Inc. 

CVV Partnership, an Oklahoma General Partnership

Oklahoma New Markets Fund I, LLC 

Oklahoma New Markets Fund II, LLC 

Oklahoma New Markets Fund III, LLC 

Oklahoma New Markets Fund IV, LLC 

Ottawa Land Partners, LLC (6)

Pacesetter Leasing Company 

All Subsidiaries listed above were incorporated in Oklahoma, except as noted.

(1)  Chartered by the United States Government
(2)  Incorporated in Texas
(3)  Incorporated in Delaware
(4)  Incorporated in New Mexico
(5)  Incorporated in Colorado
(6)  Incorporated in Kansas

Exhibit 23

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 33-44121) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the Bank of Oklahoma Master 

Thrift Plan and Trust Agreement as amended October 6, 2008.

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-40280) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the BOK Financial Corporation 

Master Thrift Plan for Hourly Employees as amended October 6, 2008.

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 33-79836) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the BOK Financial Corporation 

Directors' Stock Compensation Plan.

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-32649) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the BOK Financial Corporation 

1997 Stock Option Plan.

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-93957) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the BOK Financial Corporation 

2000 Stock Option Plan.

•  Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-62578) pertaining to the Reoffer Prospectus of the BOK Financial Corporation 

2001 Stock Option Plan.

•  Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8,  No.  333-106530)  pertaining  to  the  Reoffer  Prospectus  of  the  BOK  Financial 

Corporation 2003 Executive Incentive Plan.

•  Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8,  No.  333-106531)  pertaining  to  the  Reoffer  Prospectus  of  the  BOK  Financial 

Corporation 2003 Stock Option Plan.

•  Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8,  No.  333-135224)  pertaining  to  the  Reoffer  Prospectus  of  the  BOK  Financial 

Corporation 2003 Stock Option Plan.

•  Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8,  No.  333-158846)  pertaining  to  the  Reoffer  Prospectus  of  the  BOK  Financial 

Corporation 2009 Omnibus Incentive Plan.

•  Registration  Statement  (Form  S-3,  (No.  333-212120)  pertaining  to  the  Reoffer  Prospectus  of  the  BOK  Financial 

Corporation 2016 Subordinated Note Issuance.

of our reports dated February 27, 2018, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of BOK Financial Corporation and 
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of BOK Financial Corporation included in this Annual Report (10-
K) of BOK Financial Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2017.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Tulsa, Oklahoma

February 27, 2018 

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

FOR THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Steven G. Bradshaw, President and Chief Executive Officer of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”), certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of BOK Financial;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 

necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared;

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 

designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 

conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

d.  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; 
and

5.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

a.  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 

which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

b.  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  February 27, 2018 

/s/ Steven G. Bradshaw                                                                          
Steven G. Bradshaw
President
Chief Executive Officer
BOK Financial Corporation

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

FOR THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Steven E. Nell, Chief Financial Officer of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”), certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of BOK Financial;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 

necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 

material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented 
in this report;

4.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 

material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented 
in this report;

5.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 

procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined 
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under 

our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made 
known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 

designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. 

d. 

 Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions 
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on 
such evaluation; and

 Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

6.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 

financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing 
the equivalent functions):

a.  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 

which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

b. 

 Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 
registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  February 27, 2018 

/s/ Steven E. Nell                
Steven E. Nell
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
BOK Financial Corporation

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                            
Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year 
ending December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, 
Steven G. Bradshaw and Steven E. Nell, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of BOK Financial, 
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to our knowledge:

1.  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of BOK Financial as of, and for, the periods presented.

February 27, 2018 

/s/ Steven G. Bradshaw                               
Steven G. Bradshaw
President
Chief Executive Officer
BOK Financial Corporation

/s/ Steven E. Nell                                
Steven E. Nell
Executive Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
BOK Financial Corporation

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                           
 
                                                                          
RETAIL AND COMMERCIAL BANKING:

WEALTH MANAGEMENT:

TRANSACTION AND 
PAYMENT PROCESSING:

MORTGAGE BANKING:

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS:

Bank of Oklahoma Tower
P.O. Box 2300
Tulsa, Oklahoma 74192
918.588.6000

GE-BA-7010