Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Personal Products & Services / Bright Horizons Family Solutions

Bright Horizons Family Solutions

bfam · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker bfam
Exchange NYSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Personal Products & Services
Employees 10,000+
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FY2015 Annual Report · Bright Horizons Family Solutions
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission File Number: 001-35780

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

80-0188269

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

200 Talcott Avenue South
Watertown, MA 02472
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(617) 673-8000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share

Name of exchange on which registered

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

    No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the 
past 90 days.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be 
contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any 
amendment to this Form 10-K.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See 
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

    No  

    No  

    No  

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Accelerated filer

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  
The aggregate market value of the shares of common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. computed by reference 
to the closing price of the registrant’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange as of June 30, 2015 was approximately $2.1 billion.
As of February 19, 2016, there were 59,759,611 outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share, which is the only outstanding 
capital stock of the registrant.

    No  

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, are incorporated by reference in 
Part III, Items 10-14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I.

Page

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Signatures

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Part II.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities

Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Part III.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Part IV.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

4

14

23

23

25

25

26

27

30

31

49

51

86

86

91

91

91

91

91

91

92

95

2

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes statements that express our opinions, expectations, beliefs, 

plans, objectives, assumptions or projections regarding future events or future results and therefore are, or may 
be deemed to be, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act of 1995 (the “Act”). The following cautionary statements are being made pursuant to the provisions of the 
Act and with the intention of obtaining the benefits of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Act. These forward-
looking statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms 
“believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “projects,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” 
“estimates” or “anticipates,” or, in each case, their negatives or other variations or comparable terminology. 
These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They appear in a number of 
places throughout this Annual Report and include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs or current 
expectations concerning, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, prospects,  
the industries in which we and our partners operate, industry trends, market and leadership position, 
performance and growth factors, competitive strengths and differentiators, growth strategy and opportunities for 
expansion, acquisitions and integration, utilization rates, marketing strategies, intellectual property, regulatory 
compliance, employee relationships, ability to attract new clients, debt and indebtedness, ability to attract key 
employees, dividend policy, impact of the macroeconomic environment, properties, outcome of litigation and 
legal proceedings, new center openings, future interest payments, amortization expense, cash flow and use of 
cash, operating and capital expenditures, cash from operations, fixed asset expenditures, exchange rates, impact 
of tax benefits, tax rates, tax audits and settlements, credit risk, impact of new accounting pronouncements, 
repatriation of earnings, insurance and worker's compensation claims, impact of improvements to internal 
controls, and the material weakness and timing for remediation.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events 

and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. We believe that these risks and 
uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual 
Report and in our other public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Although we base these forward-looking statements on assumptions that we believe are reasonable when 

made, we caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our 
actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which we 
operate may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in 
this Annual Report. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the 
development of the industry in which we operate, are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained 
in this Annual Report, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in 
subsequent periods.

Given these risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-
looking statements. Any forward-looking statement that we make in this Annual Report speaks only as of the 
date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or to publicly 
announce the results of any revisions to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments, except 
as required by law.

3

Item 1. Business 

PART I

Our Company

We are a leading provider of high-quality child care, early education and other services designed to help 

employers and families better address the challenges of work and family life. We provide services primarily 
under multi-year contracts with employers who offer child care and other dependent care solutions as part of 
their employee benefits packages to improve employee engagement, productivity, recruitment and retention.  As 
of December 31, 2015, we had more than 1,000 client relationships with employers across a diverse array of 
industries, including more than 140 Fortune 500 companies and more than 80 of Working Mother magazine’s 
2015 “100 Best Companies for Working Mothers.” Our service offerings include:

•  Center-based full service child care and early education (representing approximately 85% of our 

revenue in the year ended December 31, 2015);

•  Back-up dependent care; and

•  Educational advisory services.

We believe we are a provider of choice for each of the solutions we offer. As of December 31, 2015, we 
operated a total of 932 child care and early education centers across a wide range of customer industries with 
the capacity to serve approximately 107,000 children in the United States, as well as in the United Kingdom, the 
Netherlands, Ireland, Canada and India. We have achieved satisfaction ratings of approximately 95% among 
respondents in our employer and parent satisfaction surveys over each of the past six years and an annual client 
retention rate of 97% for employer-sponsored centers over each of the past 10 years.

Our History

Since 1986, we have operated child care and early education centers for employers and working families. 

In 1998, we transformed our business through the merger of Bright Horizons, Inc. and Corporate Family 
Solutions, Inc., both then Nasdaq-listed companies that were founded in 1986 and 1987, respectively. We were 
listed on Nasdaq from 1998 to May 2008, when we were acquired by investment funds affiliated with Bain 
Capital Partners LLC (collectively, the “Sponsor”), which we refer to as our going private transaction. Since 
then, we have continued to grow through challenging economic times while investing in our future. We have 
grown our international footprint to become a leader in the center-based child care market in the United 
Kingdom and have expanded into the Netherlands and India as a platform for further international expansion. In 
the United States, we have grown our partnerships with employer clients by expanding and enhancing our back-
up dependent care services and by developing and growing our educational advisory services. We have invested 
in new technologies to better support our full suite of services and expanded our marketing efforts with 
additional focus on maximizing occupancy levels in centers where we can improve our economics with 
increased enrollment. On January 30, 2013, we completed our initial public offering (the “Offering”) and our 
common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “BFAM.”

Industry Overview

We compete in the global market for child care and early education services as well as the market for 
work/life services offered by employers as benefits to employees. The child care industry can generally be 
subdivided into center-based and home-based child care. We operate in the center-based market, which is highly 
fragmented.

The center-based child care market includes both retail and employer-sponsored centers and can be 
further divided into full-service centers and back-up centers. The employer-sponsored model, which has been 
central to our business since we were founded in 1986, is characterized by a single employer or consortium of 
employers entering into a long-term contract for the provision of child care at a center located at or near the 
employer sponsor’s worksite. The employer sponsor generally funds the development as well as ongoing 

4

maintenance and repair of a child care center at or near its worksite and subsidizes the provision of child care 
services to make them more affordable for its employees.

Additionally, we compete in the growing markets for back-up dependent care and educational advisory 
services, and we believe we are the largest and one of the only multi-national providers of back-up dependent 
care services.

Industry Trends

We believe that the following key factors contribute to growth in the markets for employer-sponsored 

child care and for back-up dependent care and educational advisory services.

Increasing Participation by Women and Two Working Parent Families in the Workforce. A significant 

percentage of mothers currently participate in the workforce. In 2014, 64% of mothers with children under the 
age of 6 participated in the workforce in the United States, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. We 
expect that the number of working mothers and two working parent families will continue to increase over time, 
resulting in an increase in the need for child care and other work/life services. In 2016, women are expected to 
earn 54% of all doctorate and professional degrees in the United States, according to a 2011 report by the 
Families and Work Institute.

Greater Demand for High-Quality Center-Based Child Care and Early Education. We believe that 
recognition of the importance of early education and consistent quality child care has led to increased demand 
for higher-quality center-based care. In 1965, 8% of children under the age of 5 with working mothers were 
enrolled in center-based child care, compared to approximately 24% of such children by 2011, according to data 
gathered by the U.S. Census Bureau. With the shift towards center-based care, there is an increased focus on the 
establishment of objective, standards-based methods of defining and measuring the quality of child care, such as 
accreditation. In a highly fragmented market comprised largely of center operators lacking scale, we believe this 
trend will favor larger industry participants with the size and capital resources to achieve quality standards on a 
consistent basis.

Recognized Return on Investment to Employers. Based on studies we have conducted through our 

Horizons Workforce Consulting practice, we believe that employer sponsors of center-based child care and 
back-up dependent care services realize strong returns on their investments from reduced turnover and increased 
productivity.  We estimate that users of our back-up dependent care services have been able to work, on 
average, six days annually that they otherwise would have missed due to breakdowns in child care 
arrangements. Additionally, according to a 2015 survey of our clients, 92% of respondents reported that access 
to dependable back-up dependent care helps them to focus on work and be more productive. We believe that 
this return on investment for employers will result in additional growth in employer-sponsored back-up 
dependent care services.

Growing Global Demand for Child Care and Early Education Services. We expect that a long-term shift 

to service-based economies and an increasing emphasis on education by government and families will 
contribute to further growth in the global child care and early education market as well as the developing 
markets for back-up dependent care and educational advisory services. In addition, in certain countries in which 
we operate, public policy decisions have facilitated increased demand for child care and early education 
services. In 2006, the United Kingdom instituted a 10 year plan to make child care more accessible and more 
affordable for all parents. In the Netherlands, a 2005 child care law increased the demand for child care and 
early education services by making child care more affordable for working families and thereby encouraging 
women to return to the workforce.

Market Leading Service Provider

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe we are the leader in the markets for employer-sponsored center-based child care and back-up 

dependent care, and that the breadth, depth and quality of our service offerings—developed over a successful 
30-year history—represent significant competitive advantages.  We have approximately six times more 

5

employer-sponsored centers in the United States than our closest competitor, according to Child Care 
Information Exchange’s 2010 Employer Child Care Trend Report.  We believe the broad geographic reach of 
our child care centers, with targeted clusters in areas where we believe demand is generally higher and where 
income demographics are attractive, provides us with an effective platform to market our services to current and 
new clients.

Collaborative, Long-term Relationships with Diverse Customer Base

We have more than 1,000 client relationships with employers across a diverse array of industries, 
including more than 140 of the Fortune 500 companies, with our largest client contributing less than 2% of our 
revenue in fiscal 2015 and our largest 10 clients representing less than 10% of our revenue in the same year. Our 
business model emphasizes multi-year employer sponsorship contracts where our clients typically fund the 
development of new child care centers at or near to their worksites and frequently support the ongoing 
operations of these centers.

Our multiple touch points with both employers and employees give us unique insight into the corporate 
culture of our clients. This enables us to identify and provide innovative and tailored solutions to address our 
clients’ specific work/life needs. In addition to full service center-based care, we provide access to a multi-
national back-up dependent care network and educational advisory support, allowing us to offer various 
combinations of services to best meet the needs of specific clients or specific locations for a single client. We 
believe our tailored, collaborative approach to employer-sponsored child care has resulted in an annual client 
retention rate for employer-sponsored centers of approximately 97% over each of the past ten years.

Commitment to Quality

Our business is anchored in our commitment to consistently provide high-quality service offerings to 

employers and families. We have therefore designed our child care centers to meet or exceed applicable 
accreditation and rating standards in all of our key markets, including in the United States through the National 
Academy of Early Childhood Programs, a division of the National Association for the Education of Young 
Children (“NAEYC”), and in the United Kingdom through the ratings of the Office of Standards in Education. 
We believe that our voluntary commitment to achieving accreditation standards offers a competitive advantage 
in securing employer sponsorship opportunities and in attracting and retaining families, because an increasing 
number of potential and existing employer clients require adherence to accreditation criteria. 

We maintain our proprietary curriculum at the forefront of early education practices by introducing 
elements that respond to the changing expectations and views of society and new information and theories about 
the ways in which children learn and grow. We also believe that strong adult-to-child ratios are a critical factor 
in delivering our curriculum effectively as well as helping to facilitate more focused care. Our programs often 
provide adult-to-child ratios that are more stringent than many state licensing standards.

Market Leading People Practices

Our ability to deliver consistently high-quality care, education and other services is directly related to our 

ability to attract, retain and motivate our highly skilled workforce. We have consistently been named as a top 
employer by third-party sources in the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, including being 
named as one of the “100 Best Places to Work in America” by Fortune Magazine 16 times.

We believe the education and experience of our center leaders and teachers exceed the industry average. 
In addition to recurring in-center training and partial tuition reimbursement for continuing education, we have 
developed a training program that establishes standards for our teachers as well as an in-house online training 
academy, which allows our employees to earn nationally-recognized child development credentials.

Capital Efficient Operating Model Provides Platform for Growth, with Attractive Economics

We have achieved uninterrupted year-over-year revenue and adjusted EBITDA growth for each of the last 

14 years despite broader macro-economic fluctuations. With employer sponsors funding the majority of the 
capital required for new centers developed on their behalf, we have been able to grow our business with limited 
capital investment, which has contributed to strong cash flows from operations.

6

Proven Acquisition Track Record

We have an established acquisition team to pursue potential targets using a proven framework to 
effectively evaluate potential transactions with the goal of maximizing our return on investment while 
minimizing risk. Since 2006, and as of December 31, 2015, we have completed acquisitions of 299 child care 
centers in the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, as well as providers of back-up 
dependent care services and educational advisory services in the United States.

Our Growth Strategy

We believe that there are significant opportunities to continue to grow our business globally and expand 

our leadership position by continuing to execute on the following strategies.

Grow Our Client Relationships

• 

Secure Relationships with New Employer Clients. Our addressable market includes approximately 
15,000 employers, each with at least 1,000 employees, within the industries that we currently service in 
the United States and the United Kingdom. Our dedicated sales force focuses on establishing new 
client relationships and is supported by our Horizons Workforce Consulting practice, which helps 
potential clients to identify the precise work/life offerings that will best meet their strategic goals.

•  Cross-Sell and Expand Services to Existing Employer Clients. We believe there is a significant 

opportunity to increase the number of our clients that use more than one of our services, and to expand 
the services we provide to existing clients.

•  Continue to Expand Through the Assumption of Management of Existing Sponsored Child Care 

Centers. We occasionally assume the management of existing centers from the incumbent management 
team, which enables us to develop new client relationships, typically with no capital investment and no 
purchase price payment.

Sustain Annual Price Increases to Enable Continued Investments in Quality

We look for opportunities to invest in quality as a way to enhance our reputation with our clients and their 

employees. By developing a strong reputation for high-quality services and facilities, we are able to support 
consistent price increases that keep pace with our cost increases. Over our history, these price increases have 
contributed to our revenue growth and have enabled us to drive margin expansion.

Increase Utilization at Existing Centers

We believe that our mature profit and loss centers (centers that have been open for more than three years, 
as more fully described below) are currently operating at utilization levels below our target run rate, in part due 
to a general deterioration in economic condition from 2008 to 2010. Utilization rates at our mature profit and 
loss centers stabilized in 2010 and have grown since. We expect to further close the gap between current 
utilization rates and our target run rate over the next few years.

Selectively Add New Lease/Consortium Centers and Expand Through Selective Acquisitions

We have typically added approximately fifteen new lease/consortium centers (as more fully described 

below) annually for the past three years, focusing on urban or city surrounding markets where demand is 
generally higher and where income demographics are generally more supportive of a new center. In addition, 
we have a long track record of successfully completing and integrating selective acquisitions. The domestic and 
international markets for child care and other family support services remain highly fragmented. We will 
therefore continue to seek attractive opportunities both for center acquisitions and the acquisition of 
complementary service offerings.

Our primary reporting and operating segments are full-service center-based child care services and back-

up dependent care services. Full-service center-based child care includes traditional center-based child care, 
preschool and elementary education. Back-up dependent care includes center-based back-up child care, in-home 

Our Operations

7

care, mildly-ill child care and adult/elder care. Our remaining operations, including our educational advisory 
services, are included in other educational advisory services.

The following table sets forth our segment information as of the dates and for the periods indicated. 
Additional segment information is included in Note 16, "Segment and Geographic Information," included in the 
notes to the consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Year ended December 31, 2015
Revenue

As a percentage of total revenue
Income from operations

As a percentage of total income from
operations
Year ended December 31, 2014
Revenue

As a percentage of total revenue
Income from operations

As a percentage of total income from
operations
Year ended December 31, 2013
Revenue

As a percentage of total revenue
Income from operations

As a percentage of total income from
operations

Full  Service
Center-Based
Child Care
Services

Back-up
Dependent
Care
Services

Other
Educational
Advisory
Services

(In thousands, except percentages)

Total

$ 1,236,762

85%

$

115,149

64%

$ 1,156,661

86%

$

92,229

63%

$ 1,049,854

86%

$

67,287

$

$

$

$

$

$

181,574

12%

56,891

31%

162,886

12%

49,317

33%

144,432

12%

39,710

$

$

$

$

$

$

40,109

$ 1,458,445

3%

100%

9,562

$

181,602

5%

100%

33,452

$ 1,352,999

2%

100%

5,374

$

146,920

4%

100%

24,490

$ 1,218,776

2%

100%

2,037

$

109,034

62%

36%

2%

100%

Full-Service Center-Based Child Care Services

We provide our center-based child care services under two general business models: a profit and loss 
(“P&L”) model, where we assume the financial risk of operating a child care center; and a cost-plus model, 
where we are paid a fee by an employer client for managing a child care center on a cost-plus basis. The P&L 
model is further classified into two subcategories: 

• 

• 

a sponsor model, where we provide child care and early education services on either an exclusive or 
priority enrollment basis for the employees of a specific employer sponsor; and 

a lease/consortium model, where we provide child care and early education services to the employees 
of multiple  employers located within a specific real estate development (for example, an office 
building or office park), as well as  to families in the surrounding community. 

In both our cost-plus and sponsor P&L models, the development of a new child care center, as well as 

ongoing maintenance and repair, is typically funded by an employer sponsor with whom we enter into a multi-
year contractual relationship. In addition, employer sponsors typically provide subsidies for the ongoing 
provision of child care services for their employees. 

Our full-service center operations are organized into geographic divisions led by a Division Vice 
President of Center Operations who, in turn, reports to a Senior Vice President of Center Operations. Each 
division is further divided into regions, each supervised by a Regional Manager who oversees the operational 

8

performance of approximately six to eight centers and is responsible for supervising the program quality, 
financial performance and client relationships. A typical center is managed by a small administrative team under 
the leadership of a Center Director. A Center Director has day-to-day operating responsibility for the center, 
including training, management of staff, licensing compliance, implementation of curricula, conducting child 
assessments and enrollment. Our corporate offices provide centralized administrative support for accounting, 
finance, information systems, legal, payroll, risk management, marketing and human resources functions. We 
follow this underlying operational structure for center operations in each country in which we operate.

Center hours of operation are designed to match the schedules of employer sponsors and working 
families. Most of our centers are open 10 to 12 hours a day with typical hours of operation from 7:00 a.m. to 
6:00 p.m., Monday through Friday. We offer a variety of enrollment options, ranging from full-time to part-time 
scheduling.

Tuition paid by families varies depending on the age of the child, the child's attendance schedule, the 

geographic location and the extent to which an employer sponsor subsidizes tuition. Based on a sample of 320 
of our child care and early education centers, the average tuition rate at our centers in the United States is 
$1,775 per month for infants (typically ages three to sixteen months), $1,625 per month for toddlers (typically 
ages sixteen months to three years) and $1,300 per month for preschoolers (typically ages 3 to 5 years). Tuition 
at most of our child care and early education centers is payable in advance and is due either monthly or weekly. 
In many cases, families can pay tuition through payroll deductions or through Automated Clearing House 
withdrawals.

Revenue per center typically averages between $1.5 million and $1.7 million at our centers in North 
America, and averages between $0.9 million and $1.4 million at our centers in Europe, primarily due to the 
larger average size of our centers in North America.  Gross margin at our centers typically averages between 
20% and 25%, with our cost-plus model centers typically at the lower end of that range and our lease/
consortium centers at the higher end.

Cost of services consists of direct expenses associated with the operation of child care and early education 

primarily comprised of payroll and benefits for personnel, food costs, program supplies and materials, parent 
marketing and facilities costs, which include depreciation.  Personnel costs are the largest component of a 
center’s operating costs and comprise approximately 70% of a center’s operating expenses.  In a P&L model 
center, we are often responsible for additional costs that are typically paid or provided directly by a client in 
centers operating under the cost-plus model, such as facilities costs. As a result, personnel costs in centers 
operating under P&L models will often represent a smaller percentage of overall costs when compared to 
centers operating under cost-plus models.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SGA”) consist primarily of salaries, payroll taxes and 

benefits (including stock-based compensation costs) for non-center personnel, which includes corporate, 
regional and business development personnel, accounting and legal, information technology, occupancy costs 
for corporate and regional personnel, management/advisory fees and other general corporate expenses.

Back-Up Dependent Care Services

We provide back-up dependent care services through our full-service centers or our dedicated back-up 

centers, as well as through our Back-Up Care Advantage (“BUCA”) program. BUCA offers access to a 
contracted network of in-home care agencies and approximately 3,000 center-based providers in locations 
where we do not otherwise have centers with available capacity.

Our back-up dependent care division is led by an Executive Vice President of Operations, with a Senior 
Vice President leading the BUCA program and a Divisional Vice President leading back-up center operations. 
The dedicated back-up centers that we operate are organized in a similar structure to full-service centers, with 
Regional Managers overseeing approximately six to eight centers each and with center-based administrative 
teams that mirror the administrative teams in full-service centers. The dedicated back-up centers are either 
exclusive to a single employer or are consortium centers that have multiple employer sponsors, as well as uses 
from the BUCA program. Care is arranged through a 24 hours-a-day contact center, online or via our mobile 

9

application, allowing employees to reserve care in advance or at the last minute. We operate our own contact 
center in Broomfield, Colorado, which is overseen by the Senior Vice President responsible for BUCA, and 
contract with additional contact centers located in Durham, North Carolina, and Chicago, Illinois, to 
complement our ability to handle demand fluctuations and to provide seamless service 24 hours a day.

Back-up dependent care revenue is comprised of fees or subsidies paid by employer sponsors, as well as 
co-payments collected from users at the point of service.  Cost of services consist of fees paid to providers for 
care delivered as part of their contractual relationships with us, personnel and related direct service costs of the 
contact centers and any other expenses related to the coordination or delivery of care and service. For Bright 
Horizons back-up centers, cost of services also includes all direct expenses associated with the operation of the 
centers. SGA related to back-up dependent care is similar to SGA for full-service care, with additional expenses 
related to the information technology necessary to operate this service, the ongoing development and 
maintenance of the provider network and additional personnel needed as a result of more significant client 
management and reporting requirements.

Educational Advisory Services

Our educational advisory services consist of our EdAssist and College Coach services. Educational 
advisory services revenue is comprised of fees or subsidies paid by employer clients, as well as co-payments or 
retail fees collected from users at the point of service. Cost of services consist of personnel and direct service 
costs of the contact centers, and other expenses related to the coordination and delivery of advisory and 
counseling services.

EdAssist. EdAssist provides tuition reimbursement administration for corporate clients. Administration 

services are provided through a proprietary software system for processing and data analytics, as well as a team 
of compliance professionals who audit employee reimbursements. We also provide educational advising to 
client employees on a one-on-one basis through our team of advisors, who help employees make better 
decisions regarding their education. Customer service is also provided through contact centers in Broomfield, 
Colorado and Durham, North Carolina. The EdAssist services derive revenue directly from fees paid by 
employer sponsors under contracts that are typically three years in length. The EdAssist division is managed by 
a Vice President and a General Manager who have responsibility for the growth and profitability of this 
division.

College Coach. College Coach provides college advisory services through our team of educators, all of 
whom have experience working at senior levels in admissions or financial aid at colleges and universities. We 
work with employer clients who offer these services as a benefit to their employees, and we also provide these 
services directly to families on a retail basis. We have 10 College Coach offices in the United States, located 
primarily in metropolitan areas, where we believe the demand for these services is greatest. College Coach 
derives revenue mainly from employer clients who contract with us for an agreed upon number of workshops, 
access to our proprietary online learning center and individual counseling.  The College Coach division is 
managed by a Senior Vice President who has responsibility for the growth and profitability of this division.

Seasonality

Our business is subject to seasonal and quarterly fluctuations.  Demand for child care and early education 

and elementary school services has historically decreased during the summer months when school is not in 
session, at which time families are often on vacation or have alternative child care arrangements.  In addition, 
our enrollment declines as older children transition to elementary schools. Demand for our services generally 
increases in September and October coinciding with the beginning of the new school year and remains 
relatively stable throughout the rest of the school year. In addition, use of our back-up dependent care services 
tends to be higher when schools are not in session and during holiday periods, which can increase the operating 
costs of the program and impact the results of operations.  Results of operations may also fluctuate from quarter 
to quarter as a result of, among other things, the performance of existing centers, including enrollment and 
staffing fluctuations, the number and timing of new center openings, acquisitions and management transitions, 
the length of time required for new centers to achieve profitability, center closings, refurbishment or relocation, 

10

the contract model mix (P&L versus cost-plus) of new and existing centers, the timing and level of sponsorship 
payments, competitive factors and general economic conditions.

We operate in two primary regions: North America, which includes the United States, Canada and Puerto 

Rico, and Europe, which we define to include the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland and India. The 
following table sets forth certain financial data for these geographic regions for the periods indicated.

Geography

Year ended December 31, 2015
Revenue
As a percentage of total revenue
Long-lived assets, net
As a percentage of total fixed assets, net
Year ended December 31, 2014
Revenue
As a percentage of total revenue
Long-lived assets, net
As a percentage of total fixed assets, net
Year ended December 31, 2013
Revenue
As a percentage of total revenue
Long-lived assets, net
As a percentage of total fixed assets, net

North America

Europe

Total

(In thousands, except percentages)

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,182,629

81%

308,469

72%

1,074,951

79%

277,971

70%

980,537

80%

260,483

67%

$

$

$

$

$

$

275,816

19%

121,267

28%

278,048

21%

120,976

30%

238,239

20%

130,411

33%

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,458,445

100%

429,736

100%

1,352,999

100%

398,947

100%

1,218,776

100%

390,894

100%

Our international business primarily consists of child care centers throughout the United Kingdom and the 

Netherlands and is overseen by a Senior Vice President.  As of December 31, 2015, we had a total of 240 
centers in Europe and 692 centers in North America.

Marketing

We market our services to prospective employer sponsors, current clients and their employees, and to 

parents. Our sales force is organized on both a centralized and regional basis and is responsible for identifying 
potential employer sponsors, targeting real estate development opportunities, identifying potential acquisitions 
and managing the overall sales process. We reach out to employers via word of mouth, direct mail campaigns, 
digital outreach and advertising, conference networking, webinars and social media. In addition, as a result of 
our visibility among human resources professionals as a high-quality dependent care service provider, potential 
employer sponsors regularly contact us requesting proposals, and we often compete for employer-sponsorship 
opportunities through request for proposal processes. Our management team is involved at the national level 
with education, work/life and children’s advocacy, and we believe that their prominence and involvement in 
such issues also helps us attract new business. We communicate regularly with existing clients to increase 
awareness of the full suite of services that we provide for key life stages and to explore opportunities to enhance 
current partnerships.

We also have a direct-to-consumer, or parent, marketing department that supports parent enrollment 
efforts through the development of marketing programs, including the preparation of promotional materials. The 
parent marketing team is organized on both a centralized and regional basis and works with center directors and 
our contact centers to build enrollment. New enrollment is generated by word of mouth, print advertising, direct 
mail campaigns, digital marketing, parent referral programs and business outreach. Individual centers may 
receive assistance from employer sponsors, who often provide access to channels of internal communication, 

11

such as e-mail, websites, intranets, mailing lists and internal publications. In addition, many employer sponsors 
promote the child care and early education center as an important employee benefit.

Competition

We believe that we are a leader in the markets for employer-sponsored center-based child care and back-

up dependent care. We maintain approximately six times more market share in the United States than our closest 
competitors who provide employer-sponsored center-based child care. The market for child care and early 
education services is highly fragmented, and we compete for enrollment and for sponsorship of child care and 
early education centers with a variety of other businesses including large community-based child care 
companies, regional child care providers, family day care (operated out of the caregiver’s home), nannies, for-
profit and not-for-profit full- and part-time nursery schools, private schools and public elementary schools, and 
not-for-profit and government-funded providers of center-based child care.  Our principal competitors for 
employer-sponsored centers include KinderCare Education, New Horizons Academy, Childbase and Busy Bees 
in the United States and the United Kingdom. Competition for back-up dependent care and educational advising 
comes from some of these same competitors in addition to employee assistance programs, payment processors 
and smaller work/life companies. In addition, we compete for enrollment on a center-by-center basis with some 
of the providers named above, along with many local and national providers, such as Learning Care Group, 
Goddard Schools, Primrose Preschools, Asquith Day Nurseries, The Co-operative Childcare, Smallsteps, and 
Partou in the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

We believe that the key factors in the competition for enrollment are quality of care, site convenience and 
cost. We believe that many center-based child care providers are able to offer care at lower prices than we do by 
utilizing less intensive adult-to-child ratios and offering their staff lower compensation and limited or less 
affordable benefits. While our tuition levels are generally higher than our competitors, we compete primarily 
based on the convenience of a work-site location and a higher level of program quality. In addition, many of our 
competitors may have access to greater financial resources (such as access to government funding or other 
subsidies), or may benefit from broader name recognition (such as established regional providers) or comply, or 
are required to comply, with fewer or less costly health, safety, and operational regulations than those with 
which we comply (such as the more limited health, safety and operational regulatory requirements typically 
applicable to family day care operations in caregivers’ homes).We believe that our primary focus on employer 
clients and track record for achieving and maintaining high-quality standards distinguishes us from our 
competitors. We believe we are well-positioned to continue attracting new employer sponsors due to our 
extensive service offerings, established reputation, position as a quality leader and track record of serving major 
employer sponsors for 30 years.

Intellectual Property

We believe that our name and logo have significant value and are important to our operations. We own 

and use various registered and unregistered trademarks covering the names Bright Horizons and Bright 
Horizons Family Solutions, our logo and a number of other names, slogans and designs. We frequently license 
the use of our registered trademarks to our clients in connection with the use of our services, subject to 
customary restrictions. We actively protect our trademarks by registering the marks in a variety of countries and 
geographic areas, including North America, Asia and Southeast Asia, the Pacific Rim, Europe and Australia. 
These registrations are subject to varying terms and renewal options. However, not all of the trademarks or 
service marks have been registered in all of the countries in which we do business, and we are aware of persons 
using similar marks in certain countries in which we currently do not do business. Meanwhile, we monitor our 
trademarks and vigorously oppose the infringement of any of our marks. We do not hold any patents, and we 
hold copyright registrations for certain materials that are important to the operation of our business. We 
generally rely on common law protection for those copyrighted works which are not critical to the operation of 
our business. We also license some intellectual property from third parties for use in our business. Such licenses 
are not individually or in the aggregate material to our business.

12

Regulatory Matters

We are subject to various federal, state and local laws affecting the operation of our business, including 

various licensing, health, fire and safety requirements and standards. In most jurisdictions in which we operate, 
our child care centers are required by law to meet a variety of operational requirements, including minimum 
qualifications and background checks for our teachers and other center personnel. State and local regulations 
may also impact the design and furnishing of our centers.

Internationally, we are subject to national and local laws and regulations that often are similar to those 

affecting us in the United States, including laws and regulations concerning various licensing, health, fire and 
safety requirements and standards. We believe that our centers comply in all material respects with all 
applicable laws and regulations in these countries.

Health and Safety

The safety and well-being of children and our employees is paramount for us. We employ a variety of 
security measures at our child care and early education centers, which typically include secure electronic access 
systems as well as sign-in and sign-out procedures for children, among other site-specific security measures. In 
addition, our trained teachers and open center designs help ensure the health and safety of children. Our child 
care and early education centers are designed to minimize the risk of injury to children by incorporating such 
features as child-sized amenities, rounded corners on furniture and fixtures, age-appropriate toys and equipment 
and cushioned fall zones surrounding play structures.

Each center is further guided by a policies and procedures manual and a center management guide that 

address protocols for safe and appropriate care of children and center administration. These guidelines establish 
center protocols in areas including the safe handling of medications, managing child illness or health 
emergencies and a variety of other critical aspects of care to ensure that centers meet or exceed all mandated 
licensing standards. The center management guide is reviewed and updated continuously by a team of internal 
experts, and center personnel are trained on center practices using this tool. Our proprietary We Care system 
supports proper supervision of children and documents the transitions of children to and from the care of 
teachers and parents or from one classroom to another during the day.

Environmental

Our operations, including the selection and development of the properties that we lease and any 

construction or improvements that we make at those locations, are subject to a variety of federal, state and local 
laws and regulations, including environmental, zoning and land use requirements.  In addition, we have a 
practice of conducting site evaluations on each freestanding or newly constructed or renovated property that we 
own or lease.  Although we have no known material environmental liabilities, environmental laws may require 
owners or operators of contaminated property to remediate that property, regardless of fault.

Employees

As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 26,000 employees (including part-time and substitute 
teachers), of whom approximately 1,500 were employed at our corporate, divisional and regional offices, and 
the remainders of whom were employed at our child care and early education centers.  Child care and early 
education center employees include teachers and support personnel.  The total number of employees includes 
approximately 6,000 employees working outside of the United States.  We conduct annual surveys to assess 
employee satisfaction and can adjust programs, benefits offerings, trainings, communications and other support 
to meet employee needs and enhance retention.  We have a long track record of being named a “Best Place to 
Work” by Fortune Magazine in the United States and more recently in the United Kingdom, Ireland and the 
Netherlands based largely upon employee responses to surveys.  None of our employees are represented by a 
labor union and we believe our relationships with our employees are good.

Facilities

Our child care and early education centers are primarily operated at work-site locations and vary in design 

and capacity in accordance with employer sponsor needs and state and local regulatory requirements.  Our 

13

North American child care and early education centers typically have an average capacity of 127 children.  Our 
locations in Europe and India have an average capacity of 79 children.  As of December 31, 2015, our child care 
and early education centers had a total licensed capacity of approximately 107,000 children, with the smallest 
center having a capacity of 12 children and the largest having a capacity of approximately 523 children.

We believe that attractive, spacious and child-friendly facilities with warm, nurturing and welcoming 

atmospheres are an important element in fostering a high-quality learning environment for children.  Our 
centers are designed to be open and bright and to maximize supervision visibility.  We devote considerable 
resources to equipping our centers with child-sized amenities, indoor and outdoor play areas comprised of age-
appropriate materials and design, family hospitality areas and computer centers.  Commercial kitchens are 
typically only present in those centers where regulations require that hot meals be prepared on site.

Available Information

The Company files or furnishes all required reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission 

(“SEC”). We make available, free of charge, on our corporate website www.brighthorizons.com, our annual 
reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to 
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended (the "Exchange Act”), as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with 
or furnished to the SEC.  The public may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public 
Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.  The public may obtain information on the 
operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Information filed with the SEC 
is also available at www.sec.gov.  References to these websites do not constitute incorporation by reference of 
the information contained therein and should not be considered part of this document. 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

Changes in the demand for child care and other dependent care services, which may be negatively affected 
by economic conditions, may affect our operating results.

Our business strategy depends on employers recognizing the value in providing employees with child care 

and other dependent care services as an employee benefit. The number of employers that view such services as 
cost-effective or beneficial to their workforces may not continue to grow or may diminish. In addition, 
demographic trends, including the number of two working parent or working single parent families in the 
workforce, may not continue to lead to increased demand for our services. Such changes could materially and 
adversely affect our business and operating results.

Even among employers that recognize the value of our services, demand may be adversely affected by 

general economic conditions. For example, during the 2008-2010 recession, we believe sustained uncertainty in 
U.S. and global economic conditions and persistently high unemployment domestically resulted in reduced 
enrollment levels at our mature P&L centers, and enrollment remains below pre-recession levels. Should the 
economy experience additional or prolonged weakness, employer clients may reduce or eliminate their 
sponsorship of work and family services, and prospective clients may not commit resources to such services. In 
addition, a reduction in the size of an employer’s workforce could negatively impact the demand for our 
services and result in reduced enrollment or failure of our employer clients to renew their contracts. A 
deterioration of general economic conditions may adversely impact the need for our services because out-of-
work parents may diminish or discontinue the use of child care services, or be unwilling to pay tuition for high-
quality services. Additionally, we may not be able to increase tuition at a rate consistent with increases in our 
operating costs. If demand for our services were to decrease, it could disrupt our operations and have a material 
adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Our business depends largely on our ability to hire and retain qualified teachers.

State laws require our teachers and other staff members to meet certain educational and other minimum 
requirements, and we often require that teachers and staff at our centers have additional qualifications. We are 

14

also required by state laws to maintain certain prescribed minimum adult-to-child ratios. If we are unable to hire 
and retain qualified teachers at a center, we could be required to reduce enrollment or be prevented from 
accepting additional enrollment in order to comply with such mandated ratios. In certain markets, we may 
experience difficulty in attracting, hiring and retaining qualified teachers, which may require us to offer 
increased salaries and enhanced benefits in these more competitive markets. This could result in increased costs 
at centers located in these markets. Difficulties in hiring and retaining qualified personnel may also affect our 
ability to meet growth objectives in certain geographies and to take advantage of additional enrollment 
opportunities at our child care and early education centers in these markets.

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.

We have a significant amount of indebtedness from the issuance of our term loans and borrowings on our 

revolving credit facility. Information on our debt is included in "Management's Discussion and Analysis" in 
Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report and Note 9 in our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of Part II of 
this Annual Report. Our high level of debt could have important consequences, including:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, 
acquisitions or other general corporate requirements and increasing our cost of borrowing;

requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of 
other purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flow available for working capital, capital 
expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes; 

exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings are at variable rates of 
interest;

limiting our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete; 
and

placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors or competitors with 
comparable debt at more favorable interest rates.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. Although 

the agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities contains restrictions on the incurrence of additional 
indebtedness, those restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and the additional 
indebtedness incurred in compliance with those restrictions could be substantial. We may also seek to amend or 
refinance one or more of our debt instruments to permit us to finance our growth strategy or improve the terms 
of our indebtedness.

In addition, the borrowings under our senior secured credit facilities bear interest at variable rates. If 
market interest rates increase, variable rate debt will create higher debt service requirements, which could 
adversely affect our cash flow. Assuming all amounts under our senior secured credit facilities are fully drawn, a 
100 basis point change in interest rates would result in a $11.4 million change in annual interest expense on our 
indebtedness under our senior secured credit facilities (subject to our base rate and LIBOR floors, as 
applicable). While we may in the future enter into agreements limiting our exposure to higher interest rates, any 
such agreements may not offer complete protection from this risk.

The terms of our indebtedness restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond 
to changes or to take certain actions.

The credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities contains a number of restrictive 
covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage 
in acts that may be in our long-term best interest, including restrictions on our ability to incur certain liens, 
make investments and acquisitions, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other 
distributions in respect of, or repurchase or redeem, capital stock, or enter into certain other types of contractual 
arrangements affecting our subsidiaries or indebtedness. In addition, the restrictive covenants in the credit 
agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities require us to maintain specified financial ratios and 
satisfy other financial condition tests, and we expect that the agreements governing any new senior secured 

15

credit facilities will contain similar requirements to satisfy financial condition tests and, with respect to any new 
revolving credit facility, maintain specified financial ratios, subject to certain conditions. Our ability to meet 
those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control.

A breach of the covenants under the credit agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities, or any 

replacement facility, could result in an event of default unless we obtain a waiver to avoid such default. If we 
are unable to obtain a waiver, we may suffer adverse effects on our operations, business and financial condition, 
and such a default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of or 
default under any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In the event our 
lenders accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to 
repay that indebtedness.

Acquisitions may disrupt our operations or expose us to additional risk.

Acquisitions are an integral part of our growth strategy. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including 

potential difficulties in the integration of acquired operations, such as bringing new centers through the re-
licensing or accreditation processes, successfully implementing our curriculum programs, not meeting financial 
objectives, increased costs, undisclosed liabilities not covered by insurance or by the terms of the acquisition, 
diversion of management’s attention and resources in connection with an acquisition, loss of key employees of 
the acquired operation, failure of acquired operations to effectively and timely adopt our internal control 
processes and other policies, and write-offs or impairment charges relating to goodwill and other intangible 
assets. We may not have success in identifying, executing and integrating acquisitions in the future.

The growth of our business may be adversely affected if we do not implement our growth strategies 
successfully.

Our ability to grow in the future will depend upon a number of factors, including the ability to develop 
and expand new and existing client relationships, to continue to provide and expand the high-quality services 
we offer and to hire and train qualified personnel. Achieving and sustaining growth increases requires the 
successful execution of our growth strategies, which may require the implementation of enhancements to 
operational and financial systems, expanded sales and marketing capacity and additional or new organizational 
resources. We may be unable to manage our expanding operations effectively, or we may be unable to maintain 
or accelerate our growth.

The success of our operations in international markets is highly dependent on the expertise of local 
management and operating staff, as well as the political, social, legal and economic operating conditions of 
each country in which we operate.

The success of our business depends on the actions of our employees. In international markets that are 

newer to our business, we are highly dependent on our current local management and operating staff to operate 
our centers in these markets in accordance with local law and best practices. If the local management or 
operating staff were to leave our employment, we would have to expend significant time and resources building 
up our management or operational expertise in these markets. Such a transition could adversely affect our 
reputation in these markets and could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

If the international markets in which we compete are affected by changes in political, social, legal, 
economic or other factors, our business and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.  As of 
December 31, 2015, we had 242 centers located in five foreign countries; therefore, we are subject to inherent 
risks attributed to operating in a global economy. Our international operations may subject us to additional risks 
that differ in each country in which we operate, and such risks may negatively affect our results. The factors 
impacting the international markets in which we operate may include changes in laws and regulations affecting 
the operation of child care centers, the imposition of restrictions on currency conversion or the transfer of funds 
or increases in the taxes paid and other changes in applicable tax laws.

In addition, instability in European financial markets or other events could cause fluctuations in exchange 

rates that may affect our revenues. Most of our revenues, costs and debts are denominated in U.S. dollars. 
However, revenues and costs from our operations outside of the United States are denominated in the currency 

16

of the country in which the center is located, and these currencies could become less valuable as a result of 
exchange rate fluctuations. The current economic challenges in Europe and related European financial 
stabilization efforts may cause the value of the European currencies, including the British pound and the Euro, 
to further deteriorate. Market perceptions concerning this and related issues could adversely affect the value of 
our Euro- and British pound-denominated assets. Unfavorable currency fluctuations as a result of this and other 
market forces could result in a reduction in our revenues and net earnings, which in turn could materially and 
adversely affect our business and operating results.

Because our success depends substantially on the value of our brands and reputation as a provider of choice, 
adverse publicity could impact the demand for our services.

Adverse publicity concerning reported incidents or allegations of physical or sexual abuse or other harm 
to a child at any child care center, whether or not directly relating to or involving Bright Horizons, could result 
in decreased enrollment at our child care centers, termination of existing corporate relationships or inability to 
attract new corporate relationships, or increased insurance costs, all of which could adversely affect our 
operations. Brand value and our reputation can be severely damaged even by isolated incidents, particularly if 
the incidents receive considerable negative publicity or result in substantial litigation. These incidents may arise 
from events that are beyond our ability to control and may damage our brands and reputation, such as instances 
of physical or sexual abuse or actions taken (or not taken) by one or more center managers or teachers relating 
to the health, safety or welfare of children in our care. In addition, from time to time, customers and others 
make claims and take legal action against us. Whether or not customer claims or legal action have merit, they 
may adversely affect our reputation and the demand for our services. Demand for our services could diminish 
significantly if any such incidents or other matters erode consumer confidence in us or our services, which 
would likely result in lower sales, and could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results. 
Any reputational damage could have a material adverse effect on our brand value and our business, which, in 
turn, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our business activities subject us to litigation risks that may lead to significant reputational damage, money 
damages and other remedies and increase our litigation expense.

Because of the nature of our business, we may be subject to claims and litigation alleging negligence, 

inadequate supervision or other grounds for liability arising from injuries or other harm to the people we serve, 
primarily children. We may also be subject to employee claims based on, among other things, discrimination, 
harassment or wrongful termination. In addition, claimants may seek damages from us for physical or sexual 
abuse, and other acts allegedly committed by our employees or agents. We face the risk that additional lawsuits 
may be filed which could result in damages and other costs that our insurance may be inadequate to cover. In 
addition to diverting our management resources, such allegations may result in publicity that may materially 
and adversely affect us and our brands, regardless of whether such allegations are valid. Any such claim or the 
publicity resulting from it may have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, results of operations 
and financial condition including, without limitation, adverse effects caused by increased cost or decreased 
availability of insurance and decreased demand for our services from employer sponsors and families.

Our international operations may be subject to additional risks related to litigation, including difficulties 

enforcing contractual obligations governed by foreign law due to differing interpretations of rights and 
obligations, limitations on the availability of insurance coverage and limits, compliance with multiple and 
potentially conflicting laws, new and potentially untested laws and judicial systems and reduced or diminished 
protection of intellectual property. A substantial judgment against us or one of our subsidiaries could materially 
and adversely affect our business and operating results.

Our continued profitability depends on our ability to pass on our increased costs to our customers.

Hiring and retaining key employees and qualified personnel, including teachers, is critical to our business. 

Because we are primarily a services business, inflationary factors such as wage and benefits cost increases 
result in significant increases in the costs of running our business. Although we expect to pay employees at rates 
above the minimum wage, increases in the statutory minimum wage rates could result in a corresponding 
increase in the wages we pay to our employees. In addition, increased competition for teachers in certain 

17

markets could result in significant increases in the costs of running our business. Any employee organizing 
efforts could also increase our payroll and benefits expenses. Our success depends on our ability to continue to 
pass along these costs to our customers. In the event that we cannot increase the cost of our services to cover 
these higher wage and benefit costs without reducing customer demand for our services, our revenues could be 
adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of 
operations, as well as our growth.

Changes in our relationships with employer sponsors may affect our operating results.

We derive a significant portion of our business from child care and early education centers associated with 

employer sponsors for whom we provide these services at single or multiple sites pursuant to contractual 
arrangements. Our contracts with employers for full service center-based care typically have terms of three to 
ten years, and our contracts related to back-up dependent care typically have terms of one to three years. While 
we have a history of consistent contract renewals, we may not experience a similar renewal rate in the future. 
The termination or non-renewal of a significant number of contracts or the termination of a multiple-site client 
relationship could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or 
cash flows.

We are subject to additional risks in light of the material weakness that we have identified and if the 
Company fails to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting and effective 
disclosure controls and procedures, we may not be able to accurately report financial results or prevent 
fraud.

As further described in Item 9A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in the course of completing its 
assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, management identified a 
material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to information technology general 
controls, which material weakness has not been remediated as of December 31, 2015.  As a result, management 
has concluded that, because of this material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, our internal 
control over financial reporting and our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 
31, 2015.  A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over 
financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or 
interim financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  

While the Company has implemented a number of remediation efforts over the course of 2015 with 
respect to the identified deficiencies, as of the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have not 
remediated the identified material weakness.  If we fail to complete the remediation of this material weakness in 
our internal control, or after having remediated such material weakness, thereafter fail to maintain the adequacy 
of our internal control over financial reporting or our disclosure controls and procedures, we could be subjected 
to regulatory scrutiny, civil or criminal penalties or stockholder litigation, the defense of any of which could 
cause the diversion of management’s attention and resources, we could incur significant legal and other 
expenses, and we could be required to pay damages to settle such actions if any such actions were not resolved 
in our favor. Moreover, we may be the subject of negative publicity focusing on this material weakness and we 
may be subject to negative reactions from stockholders and others with whom we do business.  Further, we may 
not be able to remediate the material weakness in a timely manner and our management may be required to 
devote significant time and expense to remediate the material weakness.  In addition, continued or future failure 
to maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting could also result in financial statements that do not 
accurately reflect our financial condition or results of operations.  There can be no assurance that we will not 
conclude in the future that this material weakness continues to exist or that we will not identify any significant 
deficiencies or other material weaknesses that will impair our ability to report our financial condition and results 
of operations accurately or on a timely basis.

18

 
Significant increases in the costs of insurance or of insurance claims or our deductibles may negatively 
affect our profitability.

We currently maintain the following major types of commercial insurance policies: workers’ 

compensation, commercial general liability (including coverage for sexual and physical abuse), professional 
liability, automobile liability, excess and “umbrella” liability, commercial property coverage, student accident 
coverage, employment practices liability, commercial crime coverage, fiduciary liability, privacy breach/
Internet liability and directors’ and officers’ liability. These policies are subject to various limitations, exclusions 
and deductibles. To date, we have been able to obtain insurance in amounts we believe to be appropriate. Such 
insurance, particularly coverage for sexual and physical abuse, may not continue to be readily available to us in 
the form or amounts we have been able to obtain in the past, or our insurance premiums could materially 
increase in the future as a consequence of conditions in the insurance business or in the child care industry.

Changes in laws and regulations could impact the way we conduct business.

Our child care and early education centers are subject to numerous national, state and local regulations 

and licensing requirements. Although these regulations vary greatly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, 
government agencies generally review, among other issues, the adequacy of buildings and equipment, licensed 
capacity, the ratio of adults to children, educational qualifications and training of staff, record keeping, dietary 
program, daily curriculum, hiring practices and compliance with health and safety standards. Failure of a child 
care or early education center to comply with applicable regulations and requirements could subject it to 
governmental sanctions, which can include fines, corrective orders, placement on probation or, in more serious 
cases, suspension or revocation of one or more of our child care centers’ licenses to operate, and require 
significant expenditures to bring those centers into compliance. 

Our operating results are subject to seasonal fluctuations.

Our revenue and results of operations fluctuate with the seasonal demands for child care and the other 

services we provide. Revenue in our child care centers that have mature operating levels typically declines 
during the third quarter due to decreased enrollments over the summer months as families withdraw children for 
vacations and older children transition into elementary schools. In addition, use of our back-up services tends to 
be higher when school is not in session and during holiday periods, which can increase the operating costs of 
the program and impact results of operations. We may be unable to adjust our expenses on a short-term basis to 
minimize the effect of these fluctuations in revenue. Our quarterly results of operations may also fluctuate based 
upon the number and timing of child care center openings and/or closings, acquisitions, the performance of new 
and existing child care and early education centers, the contractual arrangements under which child care centers 
are operated, the change in the mix of such contractual arrangements, competitive factors and general economic 
conditions. The inability of existing child care centers to maintain their current enrollment levels and 
profitability, the failure of newly opened child care centers to contribute to profitability and the failure to 
maintain and grow our other services could result in additional fluctuations in our future operating results on a 
quarterly or annual basis.

We depend on key management and key employees to manage our business.

Our success depends on the efforts, abilities and continued services of our executive officers and other 

key employees. We believe future success will depend upon our ability to continue to attract, motivate and 
retain highly-skilled managerial, sales and marketing, divisional, regional and child care and early education 
center director personnel. Failure to retain our leadership team and attract and retain other important personnel 
could lead to disruptions in management and operations, which could affect our business and operating results.

Significant competition in our industry could adversely affect our results of operations.

We compete for enrollment and sponsorship of our child care and early education centers in a highly-

fragmented market. For enrollment, we compete with family child care (operated out of the caregiver’s home) 
and center-based child care (such as residential and work-site child care centers, full- and part-time nursery 
schools, private and public elementary schools and church-affiliated and other not-for-profit providers). In 
addition, substitutes for organized child care, such as relatives and nannies caring for children, can represent 

19

lower cost alternatives to our services. For sponsorship, we compete primarily with large community-based 
child care companies with divisions focused on employer sponsorship and with regional child care providers 
who target employer sponsorship. We believe that our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of 
factors, including quality of care, site convenience and cost. We often face a price disadvantage to our 
competition, which may have access to greater financial resources, greater name recognition or lower operating 
or compliance costs. In addition, certain competitors may be able to operate with little or no rental expense and 
sometimes do not comply or are not required to comply with the same health, safety and operational regulations 
with which we comply. Therefore, we may be unable to continue to compete successfully against current and 
future competitors.

Breaches in data security could adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

For various operational needs, we collect and store certain personal information from our clients, the 
families and children we serve, and our employees, including credit card information, which may expose us to 
increased risk of privacy and/or security breaches.  We utilize third-party vendors and electronic payment 
methods to process and store some of this information.  While we have policies and practices that protect our 
data, failure of these systems to operate effectively or a compromise in the security of our systems that results in 
unauthorized persons or entities obtaining personal information could materially and adversely affect our 
reputation and our operations, operating results, and financial condition.  In addition, breaches in our data 
security, that of our affiliates or other third-parties, could expose us to risks of data loss or inappropriate 
disclosure of confidential or proprietary information, litigation or the imposition of penalties against us, 
liability, and could result in a disruption of our operations.  Any relating negative publicity could significantly 
harm our reputation and could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

Governmental universal child care benefit programs could reduce the demand for our services.

National, state or local child care benefit programs comprised primarily of subsidies in the form of tax 
credits or other direct government financial aid provide us opportunities for expansion in additional markets. 
However, a universal benefit with governmentally mandated or provided child care could reduce the demand for 
early care services at our existing child care and early education centers due to the availability of lower cost 
care alternatives or could place downward pressure on the tuition and fees we charge, which could adversely 
affect our revenues and results of operations.

Our tax rate is dependent on a number of factors, a change in any of which could impact our future tax rates 
and net income. 

As a global company, our future tax rates may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including 

changes in tax laws or the interpretation of such tax laws in the various jurisdictions in which we operate; 
changes in the estimated realization of our net deferred tax assets; the jurisdictions in which profits are 
determined to be earned and taxed; the repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously 
provided taxes; adjustments to estimated taxes upon finalization of various tax returns; increases in expenses 
that are not deductible for tax purposes, including impairment of goodwill in connection with acquisitions; 
changes in available tax credits; and the resolution of issues arising from tax audits with various tax authorities. 
Losses for which no tax benefits can be recorded could materially impact our tax rate and its volatility from one 
quarter to another. Any significant change in our jurisdictional earnings mix or in the tax laws in those 
jurisdictions could impact our future tax rates and net income in those periods. 

A regional or global health pandemic or other catastrophic event could severely disrupt our business.

A regional or global health pandemic, depending upon its duration and severity, could severely affect our 

business. Enrollment in our child care centers could experience sharp declines as families might avoid taking 
their children out in public in the event of a health pandemic, and local, regional or national governments might 
limit or ban public interactions to halt or delay the spread of diseases causing business disruptions and the 
temporary closure of our centers. Additionally, a health pandemic could also impair our ability to hire and retain 
an adequate level of staff. A health pandemic may have a disproportionate impact on our business compared to 
other companies that depend less on the performance of services by employees.

20

Other unforeseen events, including war, terrorism and other international, regional or local instability or 

conflicts (including labor issues), embargos, natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, or other 
adverse weather and climate conditions, whether occurring in the United States or abroad, could disrupt our 
operations or result in political or economic instability. Enrollment in our child care centers could experience 
sharp declines as families might avoid taking their children out in public as a result of one or more of these 
events.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our stock price could be extremely volatile, and, as a result, you may not be able to resell your shares at or 
above the price you paid for them.

Since our initial public offering in January 2013, the price of our common stock, as reported on the New 
York Stock Exchange, has ranged from a low of $27.50 on January 25, 2013 to a high of $70.59 on February 1, 
2016. In addition, the stock market in general has been highly volatile. As a result, the market price of our 
common stock is likely to be similarly volatile, and investors in our common stock may experience a decrease, 
which could be substantial, in the value of their stock, including decreases unrelated to our operating 
performance or prospects, and could lose part or all of their investment. The price of our common stock could 
be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including those described elsewhere herein 
and others such as:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

variations in our operating performance and the performance of our competitors;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;

publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors or our industry;

our failure or the failure of our competitors to meet analysts’ projections or guidance that we or our 
competitors may give to the market;

additions and departures of key personnel;

strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, joint ventures, 
strategic investments or changes in business strategy;

the passage of legislation or other regulatory developments affecting us or our industry;

speculation in the press or investment community;

changes in accounting principles;

terrorist acts, acts of war or periods of widespread civil unrest;

natural disasters and other calamities; and

changes in general market and economic conditions.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against companies following periods 

of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our 
management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy 
judgments or to settle litigation.

Your percentage ownership in us may be diluted by future issuances of capital stock, which could reduce 
your influence over matters on which stockholders vote.

Pursuant to our restated bylaws, our board of directors has the authority, without action or vote of our 

stockholders, to issue all or any part of our authorized but unissued shares of common stock, including shares 
issuable upon the exercise of options, or shares of our authorized but unissued preferred stock. Issuances of 
common stock or voting preferred stock would reduce your influence over matters on which our stockholders 
vote and, in the case of issuances of preferred stock, would likely result in your interest in us being subject to 
the prior rights of holders of that preferred stock.

21

There may be sales of a substantial amount of our common stock by our current stockholders, and these 
sales could cause the price of our common stock to fall.

As of February 19, 2016, there were 59,759,611 shares of common stock outstanding.  Approximately 

28.2% of our outstanding common stock is beneficially owned by investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor 
and our officers and directors.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales 

will occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and make it difficult for us to raise 
funds through securities offerings in the future.

In addition, certain holders of shares of our common stock may require us to register their shares for 
resale under the federal securities laws, and holders of additional shares of our common stock would be entitled 
to have their shares included in any such registration statement, all subject to reduction upon the request of the 
underwriter of the offering, if any. Registration of those shares would allow the holders to immediately resell 
their shares in the public market. Any such sales or anticipation thereof could cause the market price of our 
common stock to decline.

In addition, we have registered 5 million shares of common stock that are reserved for issuance under our 

2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may deter takeover efforts that could be beneficial to 
stockholder value.

In addition to the Sponsor’s beneficial ownership of a substantial percentage of our common stock, our 

certificate of incorporation and restated by-laws and Delaware law contain provisions that could make it harder 
for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so might be beneficial to our stockholders. These provisions include 
a classified board of directors and limitations on actions by our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors 
has the right to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval that could be used to dilute a potential hostile 
acquirer. Our certificate of incorporation also imposes some restrictions on mergers and other business 
combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock other than the 
Sponsor.  As a result, you may lose your ability to sell your stock for a price in excess of the prevailing market 
price due to these protective measures, and efforts by stockholders to change the direction or management of the 
company may be unsuccessful.

Our certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and 
exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which 
could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, 
officers or employees.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that, subject to limited exceptions, the Court of Chancery of the 

State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on 
our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers 
or other employees to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any 
provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation or our by-laws, or (iv) any 
other action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity 
purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of 
and to have consented to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation described above. This choice of 
forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for 
disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us 
and our directors, officers and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our 
certificate of incorporation inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of 
actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other 
jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

22

The Sponsor continues to have significant influence over us, including control over decisions that require 
the approval of stockholders, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, 
including a change of control.

As of February 19, 2016, investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor beneficially owned approximately 

27.6% of our outstanding common stock.  For as long as the Sponsor continues to control a substantial 
percentage of the voting power of our common stock, it will be able to direct the election of all of the members 
of our board of directors and could also have some influence over our business and affairs, including any 
determinations with respect to mergers or other business combinations, the acquisition or disposition of assets, 
the incurrence of indebtedness, the issuance of any additional common stock or other equity securities, the 
repurchase or redemption of common stock and the payment of dividends. 

Additionally, the Sponsor is in the business of making investments in companies and may acquire and 

hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us.  The Sponsor may also pursue 
acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business, and, as a result, those acquisition 
opportunities may not be available to us.

Because we have no current plans to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future, you 
may not receive any return on investment unless you sell your common stock for a price greater than that 
which you paid for it.

We may retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and have no 

current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future.  Any decision to declare and pay dividends in 
the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our 
results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors that our 
board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay dividends may be limited by covenants of 
any existing and future outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur, including our senior credit 
facilities.  As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our common stock unless you sell our 
common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

We lease approximately 86,000 square feet of office space for our corporate headquarters in Watertown, 
Massachusetts under an operating lease that expires in 2020, with two 10 year renewal options. We also lease 
approximately 32,800 square feet for our contact center in Broomfield, Colorado, as well as spaces for regional 
administrative offices including locations in Rushden and London in the United Kingdom, and Amsterdam, in 
the Netherlands.

As of December 31, 2015, we operated 932 child care and early education centers in 41 U.S. states and 

the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands and India, of 
which 82 were owned, with the remaining centers being operated under leases or operating agreements.  The 
leases typically have initial terms ranging from 10 to 15 years with various expiration dates, often with renewal 
options. The following table summarizes the locations of our child care and early education centers as of 
December 31, 2015:

Location
United States:
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona

  ................................................................................................................................................
 ....................................................................................................................................................
 .................................................................................................................................................. 

Number of
Centers

3
1
10

23

Location

Number of
Centers

California  .........................................................................................................................................................
Colorado  ...........................................................................................................................................................
Connecticut  ......................................................................................................................................................
Delaware  ..........................................................................................................................................................
District of Columbia  ........................................................................................................................................
Florida ...............................................................................................................................................................
Georgia  .............................................................................................................................................................
Illinois  ..............................................................................................................................................................
Indiana  ..............................................................................................................................................................
Iowa  ..................................................................................................................................................................
Kentucky  ..........................................................................................................................................................
Louisiana  ..........................................................................................................................................................
Maine  ...............................................................................................................................................................
Maryland  ..........................................................................................................................................................
Massachusetts  ..................................................................................................................................................
Michigan  ..........................................................................................................................................................
Minnesota  .........................................................................................................................................................
Mississippi  .......................................................................................................................................................
Missouri  ...........................................................................................................................................................
Montana  ...........................................................................................................................................................
Nebraska  ..........................................................................................................................................................
Nevada ..............................................................................................................................................................
New Hampshire ................................................................................................................................................
New Jersey  .......................................................................................................................................................
New York  ..........................................................................................................................................................
North Carolina  .................................................................................................................................................
Ohio  ..................................................................................................................................................................
Oklahoma  .........................................................................................................................................................
Pennsylvania  ....................................................................................................................................................
Puerto Rico  ......................................................................................................................................................
Rhode Island  ....................................................................................................................................................
South Carolina  .................................................................................................................................................
South Dakota  ....................................................................................................................................................
Tennessee  .........................................................................................................................................................
Texas  ................................................................................................................................................................
Utah  ..................................................................................................................................................................
Virginia  ............................................................................................................................................................
Washington .......................................................................................................................................................
West Virginia  ....................................................................................................................................................
Wisconsin  .........................................................................................................................................................
Total United States  ...................................................................................................................................
Canada  ..............................................................................................................................................................
Ireland  ..............................................................................................................................................................
United Kingdom  ...............................................................................................................................................
Netherlands  ......................................................................................................................................................
India  .................................................................................................................................................................

Total Number of centers  ...........................................................................................................................

24

72
15
19
5
20
33
24
48
7
8
6
3
1
13
63
13
8
1
6
3
4
5
4
47
49
19
9
3
60
1
1
4
2
6
35
2
21
26
1
9
690
2
5
205
29
1

932

 
We believe that our properties are generally in good condition, are adequate for our operations, and meet 

or exceed the regulatory requirements for health, safety and child care licensing established by the governments 
where they are located.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are, from time to time, subject to claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business.  Such 
claims have in the past generally been covered by insurance.  We believe the outcome of such pending legal 
matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows, 
although we cannot predict the ultimate outcome of any such actions.  Furthermore, there can be no assurance 
that our insurance will be adequate to cover all liabilities that may arise out of claims brought against us.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

25

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Set forth below is certain information about our executive officers. Ages are as of December 31, 2015.

David H. Lissy, age 50, has served as a director of the Company since 2001 and as Chief Executive 
Officer of the Company since January 2002.   Mr. Lissy served as Chief Development Officer of the Company 
from 1998 until January 2002. He also served as Executive Vice President from June 2000 to January 2002. He 
joined Bright Horizons in August 1997 and served as Vice President of Development until the merger with 
CorporateFamily Solutions, Inc. in July 1998.  Prior to joining Bright Horizons, Mr. Lissy served as senior vice 
president/general manager at Aetna U.S. Healthcare in the New England region. Prior to that Mr. Lissy held a 
similar role at US Healthcare, Inc. prior to that company’s acquisition by Aetna.  Mr. Lissy currently serves on 
the boards of the March of Dimes, Altegra Health, Jumpstart and Ithaca College.

Mandy Berman, age 45, has served as the Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of 
the Company since January 2016.  From January 2014 until December 2015, Ms. Berman served as Executive 
Vice President, Back-up and Global Operations and, from September 2005 to December 2013, she served as 
Vice President, Back-up Care Operations and then Senior Vice President, Back-up Care Operations.  Ms. 
Berman joined Bright Horizons through the acquisition of ChildrenFirst, Inc. in 2005 and was made Vice 
President of Special Projects.  Prior to joining Bright Horizons, Ms. Berman was part of the founding team for 
Project Achieve, a provider of management information systems for charter and public schools, and was a 
management consultant for the Parthenon Group.  

Elizabeth J. Boland, age 56, has served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company since June 1999. 
Ms. Boland joined Bright Horizons in September 1997 and served as Chief Financial Officer and, subsequent to 
the merger between Bright Horizons and CorporateFamily Solutions, Inc. in July 1998, served as Senior Vice 
President of Finance for the Company until June 1999. From 1994 to 1997, Ms. Boland was chief financial 
officer of The Visionaries, Inc., an independent television production company. From 1990 to 1994, Ms. Boland 
served as vice president-finance for Olsten Corporation, a publicly traded provider of home-health care and 
temporary staffing services. From 1981 to 1990, she worked on the audit staff at Price Waterhouse, LLP in 
Boston, completing her tenure as a senior audit manager.

Mary Lou Burke Afonso, age 51, has served as Chief Operating Officer, North America Center Operations 
of the Company since January 2016 and is a 20-year veteran of the Company.  Ms. Burke Afonso served as the 
Company’s Executive Vice President of North America Center Operations from January 2014 until December 
2015 and, from January 2005 to December 2013, she served as Senior Vice President, Client Relations.  Prior to 
that she has served as in a variety of leadership positions in Finance, Center Operations, Business Operations, 
Client Relations, and College Coach.   Prior to joining Bright Horizons in 1995, Ms. Burke Afonso served as the 
French controller for BOSE Corporation in France and controller of their retail division in the U.S.  She also 
worked on the audit staff at Price Waterhouse, LLP in Boston.  

Stephen I. Dreier, age 73, has served as Executive Vice President and Secretary of the Company since 
January 2016.   He joined Bright Horizons as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in August 1988 and 
became its Secretary in November 1988 and Treasurer in September 1994. Mr. Dreier served as Bright 
Horizons’ Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer until September 1997, at which time he was appointed to the 
position of Chief Administrative Officer. Mr. Dreier served as Chief Administrative Officer of the Company 
from 1997 until December 2015.  From 1976 to 1988, Mr. Dreier was Senior Vice President of Finance and 
Administration for the John S. Cheever/Paperama Company.

Danroy T. Henry, Sr., age 49, has served as the Chief Human Resource Officer since December 2007. 
Mr. Henry joined Bright Horizons in May 2004 as the Senior Vice President of Global Human Resources. From 
2001 to 2004, Mr. Henry was the executive vice president for FleetBoston Financial where he had responsibility 
for the metropolitan Boston consumer banking market. Prior to 2001, Mr. Henry served roles in human 
resources management at Blinds To Go Superstores, Staples, Inc. and Pepsi Cola Company. Mr. Henry is the 
past board chair of the North East Human Resources Association and has served on the board of the Society of 
Human Resource management foundation. He currently sits on the board of directors of Limeade, a private 
company, and is also the chair and co-founder of the DJ Dream Fund.

26

Stephen H. Kramer, age 45, has served as President of the Company since January 2016.  Mr. Kramer 
served as the Chief Development Officer from January 2014 until December 2015 and as Senior Vice President, 
Strategic Growth & Global Operations from January 2010 until December 2013. He served as Managing 
Director, Europe based in the United Kingdom from January 2008 until December 2009. He joined Bright 
Horizons in September 2006 through the acquisition of College Coach, which he cofounded and led for eight 
years. Previously he was an Associate at Fidelity Ventures, the venture capital arm of Fidelity Investments and a 
consultant with Arthur D. Little. 

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities

Principal Market

Our common stock has been listed on the NYSE under the symbol “BFAM” since January 25, 2013. Prior 

to that time, there was no public market for our common stock. The following tables set forth the high and low 
sales prices of our common stock for each of the fiscal quarters ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and 
December 31 for the past two fiscal years as reported on the NYSE.

2015:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter

2014:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter

High

Low

53.19
60.00
66.52
69.09

$
$
$
$

43.77
48.89
56.76
59.85

High

Low

40.05
44.16
43.78
47.30

$
$
$
$

35.65
36.98
39.66
40.60

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

As of February 19, 2016, there were 25 holders of record of our common stock.

Dividend Policy

There were no cash dividends paid on any of our classes of equity during the past two fiscal years. Our 

board of directors does not currently intend to pay regular dividends on our common stock. However, we expect 
to reevaluate our dividend policy on a regular basis and may, subject to compliance with the covenants 
contained in our senior secured credit facilities and other considerations, determine to pay dividends in the 
future.

27

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table sets forth information regarding purchases of our common stock during the three 

months ended December 31, 2015:

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased

Average Price
Paid per Share

Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans 
or Programs (1)

Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares that
May Yet Be 
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs (In
thousands)  (1)

— $

165,700 $

1,707 $

167,407

—

63.11

63.02

— $

132,464

165,700 $

122,007

1,707 $

167,407

121,899

Period

October 1, 2015 to October
31, 2015

November 1, 2015 to
November 30, 2015

December 1, 2015 to
December 31, 2015

(1)    On February 4, 2015, the board of directors of the Company approved a $250.0 million repurchase 

program of its common stock.  The repurchase program has no expiration date and replaced the prior share 
repurchase authorization from March 28, 2014.  The Company repurchased approximately 0.2 million 
shares during the three months ended December 31, 2015 primarily in connection with an underwritten 
secondary offering. The remaining share repurchases during the three months ended December 31, 2015 
were open market transactions pursuant to the February 4, 2015 authorization. All repurchased shares have 
been retired.  

Equity Compensation Plans

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2015 with respect to shares of our common 

stock that may be issued under existing equity compensation plans. 

Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights (1)
(a)

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
of  Outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights (1) 
(b)

Number of Securities
Remaining Available
For Future Issuance
under Equity
Compensation Plans
(excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
(c)

4,256,369

$

—

4,256,369

$

24.26

—

24.26

2,860,860

—

2,860,860

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by
security holders

Total

(1)   The amount also includes 15,066 shares that may be issued upon the settlement of restricted stock units. 

The restricted stock units are excluded from the weighted average exercise price calculation.

28

 
Performance Graph

The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed to be "soliciting material"

or to be "filed" with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing
under the Securities Act of 1933. as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company
specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.

The following graph compares the total return to stockholders on our common stock from January 25,

2013, the date our stock became listed on the NYSE, through December 31, 2015, relative to the total return of
the following:

•

•

the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index; and

a peer group that we selected in good faith, consisting of seven other companies in the contracted
outsourced / business services sector: The Advisory Board Company, The Corporate Executive Board
Company, Healthways, IHS Inc., Iron Mountain Inc., Towers Watson and Wageworks (the “Peer
Group”).

The graph assumes that $100 was invested in our common stock, and in the index and peer group noted

above, and that all dividends, if any, were reinvested. No dividends have been declared or paid on our common
stock since January 25, 2013.

The stock price performance shown in the graph is not necessarily indicative of future performance.

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc.

NYSE Composite Index

Peer Group

January 25,
2013

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2015

$

$

$

100.00 $

100.00 $

100.00 $

129.73 $

119.71 $

136.30 $

166.00 $

127.92 $

140.42 $

235.88

122.82

135.25

29

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following table sets forth our selected historical consolidated financial data for the periods indicated,

and should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing in Part
II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected historical financial data has been derived from our
audited consolidated financial statements. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be
expected for future periods.

Consolidated Statement of Income Data:
Revenue
Cost of services

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses
Amortization of intangible assets

Income from operations

Gains from foreign currency transactions
Loss on extinguishment of debt (1)
Interest income
Interest expense

Net interest expense and other
Income before income taxes

Income tax (expense) benefit

Net income

Net (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interest
Net income attributable to Bright Horizons Family

Accretion of Class L preference
Accretion of Class L preference for vested options

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders
Allocation of net income (loss) to common shareholders:

Class L—basic and diluted
Common stock—basic
Common stock—diluted

Earnings (loss) per share:

Class L—basic and diluted
Common stock—basic
Common stock—diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding: (2)

Class L—basic and diluted
Common stock—basic
Common stock—diluted

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data (at period end):
Total cash and cash equivalents
Total assets (3)
Total liabilities, excluding debt (3)
Total debt, including current maturities
Total redeemable non-controlling interest
Class L common stock
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

$

$

$

$
$
$

$
$
$

$

2015

1,458,445
1,100,690
357,755
148,164
27,989
181,602
—
—
163
(41,609)
(41,446)
140,156
(46,229)
93,927
—
93,927
—
—
93,927

$

$

$

2014

Years Ended December 31,
2013
(In thousands, except share data)

2012

1,352,999
1,039,397
313,602
137,683
28,999
146,920
—
—
103
(34,709)
(34,606)
112,314
(40,279)
72,035
—
72,035
—
—
72,035

$

$

$

1,218,776
937,840
280,936
141,827
30,075
109,034
—
(63,682)
85
(40,626)
(104,223)
4,811
7,533
12,344
(279)
12,623
—
—
12,623

$

$

$

$

1,070,938
825,168
245,770
123,373
26,933
95,464
—
—
152
(83,864)
(83,712)
11,752
(3,243)
8,509
347
8,162
79,211
5,436
(76,485) $

$

— $
$
$

93,287
93,303

— $
$
$

71,755
71,761

— $
$
$

12,623
12,623

$
79,211
(76,485) $
(76,485) $

— $
$
$

1.53
1.50

— $
$
$

1.09
1.07

— $
$
$

0.20
0.20

$
59.73
(12.62) $
(12.62) $

2011

973,701
766,500
207,201
92,938
27,427
86,836
835
—
824
(82,908)
(81,249)
5,587
(825)
4,762
3
4,759
71,568
1,274
(68,083)

71,568
(68,083)
(68,083)

54.33
(11.32)
(11.32)

—
60,835,574
62,360,778

—
65,612,572
67,244,172

—
62,659,264
64,509,036

$

11,539
2,150,541
507,722
915,211
—
—
727,608

$

87,886
2,141,076
468,940
921,177
—
—
750,959

$

29,585
2,102,670
449,310
764,223
—
—
889,137

$

1,326,206
6,058,512
6,058,512

34,109
1,916,108
401,125
906,643
8,126
854,101
(253,887)

1,317,273
6,016,733
6,016,733

30,448
1,771,164
389,986
799,257
15,527
772,422
(206,028)

30

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

The Company recognized a loss on the extinguishment of debt in the year ended December 31, 2013 in 
relation to its debt refinancing on January 30, 2013.

On January 11, 2013, we effected a 1–for–1.9704 reverse split of our Class A common stock. All 
previously reported Class A per share and Class A share amounts in the table above and in the 
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein have been retroactively adjusted to reflect 
the reverse stock split. In addition, we converted each share of our Class L common stock into 35.1955 
shares of Class A common stock, and, immediately following the conversion of our Class L common 
stock, reclassified the Class A common stock into common stock, which was recorded in the first quarter 
of 2013. These two events are collectively referred to herein as the “Reclassification.”

The Balance Sheet Data table above reflects the early adoption of ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet 
Classification of Deferred Taxes. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 resulted in all current deferred tax 
assets and current deferred tax liabilities being reported as non-current in 2015, while prior period 
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were not adjusted. 

 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in 

conjunction with the “Selected Financial Data” and the audited consolidated financial statements and related 
notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking 
statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the 
fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and generally contain words such as “believes,” 
expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” 
or similar expressions. Our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, which may cause 
actual results to differ materially from those projected or implied by the forward-looking statement. Forward-
looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions and currently available data and are 
neither predictions nor guarantees of future events or performance. You should not place undue reliance on 
forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. See “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note 
Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of factors that could cause our actual results to differ 
from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements.

31

Overview

We are a leading provider of high-quality child care and early education as well as other services that are 

designed to help employers and families better address the challenges of work and life. We provide services 
primarily under multi-year contracts with employers who offer child care and other dependent care solutions as 
part of their employee benefits packages to improve employee engagement, productivity, recruitment and 
retention.  As of December 31, 2015, we had more than 1,000 client relationships with employers across a 
diverse array of industries, including more than 140 Fortune 500 companies and more than 80 of Working 
Mother magazine’s 2015 “100 Best Companies for Working Mothers.”

At December 31, 2015, we operated 932 child care and early education centers, consisting of 692 centers 

in North America and 240 centers in Europe and India. We have the capacity to serve approximately 107,000 
children in 41 states, the District of Columbia, the United Kingdom, Puerto Rico, Canada, Ireland, the 
Netherlands and India.  We seek to cluster centers in geographic areas to enhance operating efficiencies and to 
create a leading market presence.  Our North American child care and early education centers have an average 
capacity of 127 children per location, while the centers in Europe and India have an average capacity of 79 
children per location.

We operate centers for a diverse group of clients. At December 31, 2015, we managed child care centers 

on behalf of single employers in the following industries and also managed lease/consortium locations in 
approximately the following proportions:

Classification
Single employer locations:
Consumer
Financial Services
Government
Higher Education
Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals
Industrial/Manufacturing
Professional Services and Other
Technology

Lease/consortium locations

Segments

Percentage of Centers

North America

Europe

7.5%
7.5
9.0
8.5
20.0
2.5
10.0
5.0
70.0
30.0
100.0%

2.5%
2.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
2.5
—
2.5
25.0
75.0
100.0%

Our primary reporting segments are full service center-based care services and back-up dependent care 
services. Full service center-based care includes center-based child care, preschool and elementary education. 
Back-up dependent care includes center-based back-up child care, in-home well child care, in home mildly ill 
child care and adult/elder care. Our remaining business services are included in the other educational advisory 
services segment, which includes our college preparation and admissions advisory services as well as tuition 
reimbursement administration and educational advising services.

Center Models

We operate our centers under two principal business models, which we refer to as profit & loss (“P&L”) 

and cost-plus. Approximately 75% of our centers operate under the P&L model. Under this model, we retain the 
financial risk for the child care and early education centers and are therefore subject to variability in financial 
performance due to fluctuation in enrollment levels. The P&L model is further classified into two subcategories: 
(i) a sponsor model and (ii) a lease/consortium model. Under the sponsor model, we provide child care and 
early education services on a priority enrollment basis for employees of an employer sponsor, and the employer 

32

sponsor generally funds the development of the facility, pre-opening and start-up capital equipment, and 
maintenance costs. Our operating contracts typically have initial terms ranging from three to ten years. Under 
the lease/consortium model, the child care center is typically located in an office building or office park in a 
property that we lease, and we provide these services to the employees of multiple employers, as well as to 
families in the surrounding community. We typically negotiate initial lease terms of 10 to 15 years for these 
centers, often with renewal options.

When we open a new P&L center, it generally takes two to three years for the center to ramp up to a 
steady state level of enrollment, as a center will typically enroll younger children at the outset and children age 
into the older (preschool) classrooms over time.  We refer to centers that have been open for three years or less 
as “ramping centers.” A center will typically achieve breakeven operating performance between 12 to 24 
months and will typically achieve a steady state level of enrollment that supports our average center operating 
profit by the end of three years, although the period needed to reach a steady state level of enrollment may be 
longer or shorter.  Centers that have been open more than three years are referred to as “mature centers.”  

Approximately 25% of our centers operate under the cost-plus business model. Under this model, we 
receive a management fee from the employer sponsor and an additional operating subsidy from the employer to 
supplement tuition paid by parents of children in the center.  Under this model, the employer sponsor typically 
funds the development of the facility, pre-opening and start-up capital equipment, and maintenance costs, and 
the center is profitable from the outset.  Our cost-plus contracts typically have initial terms ranging from three 
to five years.  For additional information about the way we operate our centers, see “Business—Our 
Operations” in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report.

Performance and Growth Factors

We believe that 2015 was a successful year for the Company.  We grew our income from operations by 

23.6%, from $146.9 million in 2014 to $181.6 million in 2015, and increased net income from $72.0 million in 
2014 to $93.9 million in 2015.  In addition, we ended 2015 with the capacity to serve approximately 107,000 
children and families in our full service and back-up child care centers, and we added 86 child care and early 
education centers and closed 38 centers, resulting in a net increase of 48 centers for the year.  We expect to add 
approximately 25 net new centers in 2016.

Our year-over-year improvement in operating income can be attributed to enrollment gains in ramping 

and mature centers, disciplined pricing strategies aimed at covering anticipated cost increases with tuition 
increases, contributions from new mature child care centers added through acquisitions or transitions of 
management, and expanded back-up dependent care and educational advisory services.

General economic conditions and the business climate in which individual clients operate remain some of 

the largest variables in terms of our future performance. These variables impact client capital and operating 
spending budgets, industry specific sales leads and the overall sales cycle, enrollment levels, as well as labor 
markets and wage rates as competition for human capital fluctuates.

Our ability to increase operating income will depend upon our ability to sustain the following 

characteristics of our business:

•  maintenance and incremental growth of enrollment in our mature and ramping centers, and cost 

management in response to changes in enrollment in our centers,

• 

• 

• 

• 

effective pricing strategies, including typical annual tuition increases of 3% to 4%, consistent with 
typical annual increases in personnel costs, including wages and benefits,

additional growth in expanded service offerings to clients,

successful integration of acquisitions and transitions of management of centers, and

successful management and improvement of underperforming centers.

33

Cost Factors

Our most significant expense is cost of services.  Cost of services consists of direct expenses associated 

with the operation of our centers, direct expenses to provide back-up dependent care services (including fees to 
back-up dependent care providers) and direct expenses to provide educational advisory services. Direct 
expenses consist primarily of staff salaries, taxes and benefits, food costs, program supplies and materials, 
parent marketing and facilities costs, including occupancy costs and depreciation.  Personnel costs are the 
largest component of a center’s operating costs, and, on a weighted average basis, comprise approximately 70% 
of a center’s operating expenses.  We are typically responsible for additional costs in a P&L model center as 
compared to a cost-plus model center. As a result, personnel costs in centers operating under the P&L model 
will typically represent a smaller proportion of overall costs when compared to the centers operating under the 
cost-plus model.

As of December 31, 2015, our consolidated total debt was $939.2 million and, a portion of our cash flows 
from operations has been used to make interest payments on our indebtedness. Interest payments increased from 
$32.5 million in 2014 to $38.1 million in 2015 due to the issuance of $165.0 million in additional term loans in 
December 2014 and borrowings on our revolving credit facility in 2015.  We expect our interest payments to 
approximate $38 million in 2016.

Seasonality

Our business is subject to seasonal and quarterly fluctuations.  Demand for child care and early education 

and elementary school services has historically decreased during the summer months when school is not in 
session, at which time families are often on vacation or have alternative child care arrangements.  In addition, 
our enrollment declines as older children transition to elementary schools. Demand for our services generally 
increases in September and October coinciding with the beginning of the new school year and remains 
relatively stable throughout the rest of the school year. In addition, use of our back-up dependent care services 
tends to be higher when schools are not in session and during holiday periods, which can increase the operating 
costs of the program and impact the results of operations.  Results of operations may also fluctuate from quarter 
to quarter as a result of, among other things, the performance of existing centers, including enrollment and 
staffing fluctuations, the number and timing of new center openings, acquisitions and management transitions, 
the length of time required for new centers to achieve profitability, center closings, refurbishment or relocation, 
the contract model mix (P&L versus cost-plus) of new and existing centers, the timing and level of sponsorship 
payments, competitive factors and general economic conditions.

34

The following table sets forth statement of income data as a percentage of revenue for the three years 

ended December 31, 2015, (in thousands, except percentages):

Revenue

Cost of services (1)

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
expenses (2)
Amortization of intangible assets

Income from operations

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Net interest expense and other

Income before tax

Income tax (expense) benefit

Net income

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$1,458,445

100.0 % $1,352,999

100.0 % $1,218,776

100.0 %

1,100,690

75.5 % 1,039,397

357,755

24.5 %

313,602

76.8 %

23.2 %

937,840

280,936

76.9 %

23.1 %

148,164

10.2 %

137,683

10.2 %

141,827

11.6 %

27,989

1.9 %

28,999

2.1 %

30,075

181,602

12.4 %

146,920

10.9 %

109,034

—

— %

—

— %

(63,682)

(41,446)

(2.8)%

(34,606)

(2.6)%

(40,541)

140,156

9.6 %

112,314

8.3 %

(46,229)

(3.2)%

(40,279)

(3.0)%

4,811

7,533

$

93,927

6.4 % $

72,035

5.3 % $

12,344

Adjusted EBITDA (3)

$ 273,069
Adjusted income from operations (3) $ 182,467
Adjusted net income (3)

$ 115,391

18.7 % $ 238,081

17.6 % $ 208,541

12.5 % $ 149,620

11.1 % $ 126,850

7.9 % $

97,238

7.2 % $

78,260

2.5 %

9.0 %

(5.2)%

(3.4)%

0.4 %

0.6 %

1.0 %

17.1 %

10.4 %

6.4 %

(1)  Cost of services consists of direct expenses associated with the operation of child care centers, and 

direct expenses to provide back-up dependent care services, including fees to back-up care providers, 
and educational advisory services. Direct expenses consist primarily of salaries, taxes and benefits for 
personnel, food costs, program supplies and materials, parent marketing and facilities costs, which 
include occupancy costs and depreciation.

(2)  Selling, general and administrative (“SGA”) expenses consist primarily of salaries, payroll taxes and 

benefits (including stock-based compensation costs) for corporate, regional and business development 
personnel. Other overhead costs include information technology, occupancy costs for corporate and 
regional personnel, professional services fees, including accounting and legal services, and other general 
corporate expenses.

(3)  Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and adjusted net income are non-GAAP measures, 
which are reconciled to net income below under "Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations."

Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2014 

Revenue. Revenue increased $105.4 million, or 8%, to $1.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2015 

from $1.4 billion for the prior year.  Revenue growth is primarily attributable to contributions from new and 
ramping child care and early education centers, expanded sales of our back-up dependent care services and 
educational advisory services, and typical annual tuition increases of 3% to 4%, partially offset by the effects of 
foreign currency translation on our European operations.  Revenue generated by full service center-based care 
services for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased by $80.1 million, or 7%, when compared to the prior 
year. Our acquisition on May 19, 2015 of Hildebrandt Learning Centers, LLC, an operator of 40 centers in the 
United States, and on July 15, 2015 of Active Learning Childcare Limited, an operator of nine centers in the 
United Kingdom, contributed approximately $29.6 million of incremental revenue in the year ended 
December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2015, we operated 932 child care and early education centers compared 
to 884 centers at December 31, 2014.

35

Revenue generated by back-up dependent care services in the year ended December 31, 2015 increased by 

$18.7 million, or 12%, when compared to the prior year.  Additionally, revenue generated by other educational 
advisory services in the year ended December 31, 2015 increased by $6.6 million, or 20%, when compared to 
the prior year.

Cost of Services. Cost of services increased $61.3 million, or 6%, to $1.1 billion for the year ended 

December 31, 2015 when compared to the prior year.  Cost of services in the full service center-based care 
services segment increased $51.4 million, or 6%, to $982.5 million in 2015 when compared to the prior year.  
Personnel costs increased 5% as a result of an 8% increase in overall enrollment, routine wage and benefit cost 
increases, and labor costs associated with centers we have added since December 31, 2014 that are in the 
ramping stage.  In addition, program supplies, materials, food and facilities costs, which comprise 
approximately 30% of total cost of services for this segment, increased 7% in connection with the enrollment 
growth and the incremental occupancy costs associated with centers that have been added since December 31, 
2014.  Cost of services in the back-up dependent care segment increased $8.9 million, or 10%, to $99.8 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2015, primarily for personnel costs and for increased care provider fees 
associated with the higher levels of back-up services provided.  Cost of services in the other educational 
advisory services segment increased by $1.0 million, or 6%, to $18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 
2015 due to personnel and technology costs related to the incremental sales of these services.

Gross Profit. Gross profit increased $44.2 million, or 14%, to $357.8 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 when compared to the prior year. Gross profit margin was 25% of revenue for the year 
ended December 31, 2015 compared to 23% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase in gross profit 
is primarily due to contributions from new and acquired centers, increased enrollment in our mature and 
ramping P&L centers, effective operating cost management, and expanded back-up dependent care and other 
educational advisory services revenue with proportionately lower direct costs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SGA increased $10.5 million, or 8%, to $148.2 million for 

the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $137.7 million for the prior year, and was 10% of revenue for 
the year ended December 31, 2015 consistent with the prior year.  Results for the year ended December 31, 
2015, included $0.9 million of costs associated with secondary offerings and completed acquisitions. Results for 
the year ended December 31, 2014, included $2.7 million of costs associated with secondary offerings and costs 
associated with amending our credit agreement.  After taking these respective charges into account, SGA 
increased over the comparable 2014 period due primarily to increases in personnel costs, including annual wage 
increases, continued investments in technology and routine increases in SGA costs.

Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $28.0 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $29.0 million for the prior year due primarily to certain intangible 
assets becoming fully amortized during the 2015 period.  We do not expect any significant change in 
amortization expense in 2016.

Income from Operations. Income from operations increased by $34.7 million, or 24%, to $181.6 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2015 when compared to 2014.  Income from operations was 12% of revenue 
for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 11% in the prior year.

• 

In the full service center-based care segment, income from operations increased $22.9 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014.  Results for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 included $0.9 million for the costs associated with the completion of secondary 
offerings of our common shares and completed acquisitions.  Results for the year ended December 31, 
2014 included a proportionate charge of $2.4 million for the costs associated with the completion of 
secondary offerings of our common shares and costs associated with amending our credit agreement.  
After taking these charges into account, income from operations increased $21.4 million in 2015 
primarily due to the tuition increases, enrollment gains over the prior year, contributions from new and 
acquired centers, and effective cost management, partially offset by the costs incurred during the ramp-
up of certain new lease/consortium centers opened during 2014 and 2015 and the effects of foreign 
currency translation on our European business.

36

• 

• 

Income from operations for the back-up dependent care segment increased $7.6 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014 due to the expanding revenue base.

Income from operations in the other educational advisory services segment increased $4.2 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014 due to the expanding revenue 
base. 

Net Interest Expense and Other. Net interest expense and other increased to $41.4 million for the year 

ended December 31, 2015 from $34.6 million in 2014 due to the increase in debt from the issuance of $165.0 
million in additional term loans in December 2014 and borrowings on our line of credit in 2015.

Income Tax Expense. We recorded an income tax expense of $46.2 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2015, compared to an income tax expense of $40.3 million during the prior year. The effective 
rate decreased to 33% for 2015 from 36% for 2014. The difference between the effective income tax rate and 
the statutory rate for 2015 was due primarily to the treatment of certain permanent and temporary items adjusted 
in the first quarter of 2015 by a $1.3 million benefit, and differences resulting from filing tax returns. The 
difference between the effective income tax and the statutory rate for 2014 was due primarily to the recognition 
of unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.5 million due to the completion of tax examinations, a lapse 
of the statute of limitations in certain jurisdictions in the fourth quarter of 2014 and differences resulting from 
filing tax returns.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Income from Operations. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted income from 

operations increased $35.0 million, or 15%, and $32.8 million, or 22%, respectively, for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 over the comparable period in 2014 primarily as a result of the increase in gross profit due 
to additional contributions from full-service centers, including the impact of acquired centers, as well as the 
growth in the back-up dependent care and other educational advisory segments, offset by increases in SGA 
spending.

Adjusted Net Income. Adjusted net income increased $18.2 million, or 19%, for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 when compared to the same period in 2014 primarily due to the incremental gross profit 
described above, which was offset by increases in SGA spending to support the growth and increases in interest 
expense.

Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2013 

Revenue. Revenue increased $134.2 million, or 11%, to $1.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2014 from $1.2 billion for the prior year. Revenue growth was primarily attributable to contributions from new 
and ramping child care and early education centers, expanded sales of our back-up dependent care services and 
educational advisory services, and typical annual tuition increases of 3% to 4%. Revenue generated by full 
service center-based care services in the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by $106.8 million, or 10%, 
when compared to the prior year. Our acquisitions of Kidsunlimited, an operator of 64 centers in the United 
Kingdom  on April 10, 2013, and Children's Choice Learning Centers, Inc., an operator of 49 centers in the 
United States on July 22, 2013, contributed approximately $44.7 million of incremental revenue in the year 
ended December 31, 2014.

Revenue generated by back-up dependent care services in the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by 

$18.4 million, or 13%, when compared to the prior year. Additionally, revenue generated by other educational 
advisory services in the year ended December 31, 2014 increased by $9.0 million, or 37%, when compared to 
the prior year.

Cost of Services. Cost of services increased $101.6 million, or 11%, to $1.0 billion for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 when compared to the prior year.  Cost of services in the full service center-based care 
services segment increased $89.7 million, or 11%, to $931.1 million in 2014.  Personnel costs increased 9% as a 
result of a 14% increase in overall enrollment, routine wage and benefit increases, and labor costs associated 
with centers we have added since December 31, 2013 that were in the ramping stage.  In addition, program 

37

supplies, materials, food and facilities costs increased 16% in connection with the enrollment growth and the 
incremental occupancy costs associated with centers that have been added since December 31, 2013.  Cost of 
services in the back-up dependent care segment increased $8.0 million, or 10%, to $90.9 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2014, primarily for personnel costs and for increased care provider fees associated with the 
higher levels of back-up services provided.  Cost of services in the other educational advisory services segment 
increased by $3.9 million, or 29%, to $17.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, due to personnel and 
technology costs related to the incremental sales of these services.

Gross Profit. Gross profit increased $32.7 million, or 12%, to $313.6 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 when compared to the prior year, and was 23% as a percentage of revenue for the year 
ended December 31, 2014, which was consistent with the prior year. The increase in gross profit was primarily 
due to contributions from new and acquired centers, increased enrollment in our mature and ramping P&L 
centers and expanded back-up services revenue with proportionately lower direct costs partially offset by 
training and integration costs of the 2013 acquisitions as well as costs associated with additional lease model 
centers opened in 2013 and 2014.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SGA decreased $4.1 million, or 3%, to $137.7 million for 

the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $141.8 million for the prior year, and as a percentage of 
revenue decreased to 10% from 12% in the prior year. Results for the year ended December 31, 2014 included a 
$2.7 million of costs associated with secondary offerings of common shares and costs associated with amending 
our credit agreement. Results for the year ended December 31, 2013, included a $7.5 million fee for the 
termination of the management agreement with Bain Capital Partners LLC ("Sponsor termination fee"), a $5.0 
million stock-based compensation charge for certain stock options that vested upon completion of the Offering 
("performance-based stock compensation charge"), $1.3 million of costs associated with secondary offerings of 
common shares and $4.0 million of acquisition related costs.  After taking these respective charges into account, 
SGA increased over the comparable period due primarily to continued investments in technology and 
marketing, incremental overhead associated with the operations of the acquired businesses, an increase in 
compensation costs, including annual wage increases and stock-based compensation costs, as well as routine 
increases in SGA costs compared to the prior year. 

Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $29.0 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $30.1 million for the prior year. We do not expect any significant 
change in amortization expense in 2015.

Income from Operations. Income from operations increased by $37.9 million, or 35%, to $146.9 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2014 when compared to 2013. Income from operations was 11% of revenue 
for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 9% in the prior year.

• 

• 

In the full service center-based care segment, income from operations increased $25.0 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the same period in 2013. Results for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 included a proportionate charge of $2.4 million for the costs associated with the 
secondary offerings of common shares and costs associated with amending our credit agreement. 
Results for the year ended December 31, 2013 included a proportionate charge  of $15.1 million for the 
Sponsor termination fee, the performance-based stock compensation charge, costs associated with the 
completion of a secondary offering of our common shares and acquisition related costs.  After taking 
these charges into account, income from operations increased $12.3 million in 2014 primarily due to 
the tuition increases and enrollment gains over the prior year as well as contributions from new and 
acquired centers that have been added since December 31, 2013 partially offset by incremental 
overhead from acquired centers during the integration period.

Income from operations for the back-up dependent care segment increased $9.6 million in the year 
ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period in 2013. Results for the year ended December 
31, 2014 included a proportionate charge of $0.3 million for the costs associated with the completion 
of secondary offerings of our common shares and costs associated with amending our credit 
agreement. Results for the year ended December 31, 2013 included an aggregate proportionate charge 

38

of $1.9 million for the Sponsor termination fee and the performance-based stock compensation charge. 
After taking these charges into account, income from operations increased $8.0 million in 2014 due to 
the expanding revenue base. 

• 

Income from operations in the other educational advisory services segment increased $3.3 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the same period in 2013. Results for the year ended 
December 31, 2013 included an aggregate proportionate charge of $0.8 million for the Sponsor 
termination fee and the performance-based stock compensation charge.  After taking these charges into 
account, income from operations increased $2.5 million in 2014.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt. In connection with the refinancing of all of our existing debt on January 

30, 2013, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $63.7 million, which included the redemption 
premiums and the write-off of existing deferred financing costs.

Net Interest Expense and Other. Net interest expense and other decreased to $34.6 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2014 from $40.5 million in 2013 due to the debt refinancing completed on January 30, 
2013, which reduced the rate at which interest is payable, and also reduced total borrowings outstanding. 

 Income Tax Expense. We recorded an income tax expense of $40.3 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2014, compared to an income tax benefit of $7.5 million during the prior year. The difference 
between the effective income tax and the statutory rate for 2014 was due primarily to the recognition of 
unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.5 million due to the completion of tax examinations and a lapse 
of the statute of limitations in certain jurisdictions in the fourth quarter of 2014 and differences resulting from 
filing tax returns. The difference between the effective income tax and the statutory rate for 2013 was due 
primarily to the recognition of unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $5.3 million upon completion of a 
tax enquiry in the United Kingdom in the second quarter of 2013 and lapse of the statute of limitations in certain 
jurisdictions in the fourth quarter of 2013, recognition of tax credit due to law change, and decrease in the 
applicable tax rate in the United Kingdom. 

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Income from Operations. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted income from 

operations increased $29.5 million, or 14% and $22.8 million, or 18%, respectively, for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 over the comparable period in 2013 primarily as a result of the increase in gross profit due 
to additional contributions from full-service centers, including the impact of acquired centers as well as the 
growth in the back-up business, offset by increases in SGA spending. 

Adjusted Net Income. Adjusted net income increased $19.0 million, or 24% for the year ended December 

31, 2014 when compared to the same period in 2013 primarily due to the incremental gross profit described 
above, which was offset by increases in SGA spending to support the growth. Adjusted net income also 
increased due to the reduction in interest expense associated with the refinancing of our debt in January 2013.

39

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation

In our quarterly reports, earnings press releases and conference calls, we discuss key financial measures 

that are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States 
("GAAP" or "U.S. GAAP") to supplement our consolidated financial statements presented on a GAAP basis. 
These non-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the 
United States and a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures of adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from 
operations and adjusted net income are as follows (in thousands):

Net income
Interest expense, net
Income tax expense (benefit)
Depreciation
Amortization of intangible assets (a)

EBITDA

Additional adjustments:
Loss on extinguishment of debt (b)
Deferred rent (c)
Stock-based compensation expense (d)
Sponsor management fee (e)
Expenses related to stock offerings, completed acquisitions and the
Credit Agreement amendment (f)

Total adjustments
Adjusted EBITDA

Income from operations
Performance-based stock compensation expense (2013) (d)

Sponsor termination fee (e)
Expenses related to stock offerings, completed acquisitions and the
Credit Agreement amendment (f)

Adjusted income from operations

Net income
Income tax expense (benefit)
Income before tax

Stock-based compensation expense (d)
Sponsor management fee (e)
Amortization of intangible assets (a)
Expenses related to stock offerings, completed acquisitions and the
Credit Agreement amendment (f)

Loss on extinguishment of debt (b)
Adjusted income before tax
Adjusted income tax expense (g)
Adjusted net income

Years Ended December 31,

$

$

2015
93,927
41,446
46,229
50,677
27,989
260,268

$

2014
72,035
34,606
40,279
48,448
28,999
224,367

—
2,736
9,200
—

—
3,092
7,922
—

2013
12,344
40,541
(7,533)
42,733
30,075
118,160

63,682
2,985
10,692
7,674

865
12,801
$ 273,069

2,700
13,714
$ 238,081

5,348
90,381
$ 208,541

$ 181,602

$ 146,920

$ 109,034

—
—

—
—

4,968
7,500

865
$ 182,467

2,700
$ 149,620

5,348
$ 126,850

$

93,927
46,229
140,156
9,200
—
27,989

865
—
178,210
(62,819)
$ 115,391

$

$

72,035
40,279
112,314
7,922
—
28,999

2,700
—
151,935
(54,697)
97,238

$

$

12,344
(7,533)
4,811
10,692
7,674
30,075

5,348
63,682
122,282
(44,022)
78,260

(a)  Represents amortization associated with intangible assets recorded in connection with our going private transaction 
in May 2008, including approximately $18.0 million, $19.0 million and $20.0 million for the years ended December 
31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

40

 
(b)  Represents redemption premiums and write off of unamortized debt issue costs and original issue discount 

associated with indebtedness that was repaid in connection with a refinancing.

(c)  Represents rent in excess of cash paid for rent, recognized on a straight line basis over the lease life in accordance 

with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 840, Leases.

(d)  Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense, including performance-based stock compensation expense 

in 2013.

(e)  Represents fees paid to our Sponsor under a management agreement, including the Sponsor termination fee.

(f)  Represents costs associated with completed acquisitions in 2015 and 2013, costs incurred in connection with 

secondary offerings of common stock in May, August and November 2015, March and December 2014, and June 
2013, costs incurred in connection with the initial public offering of common stock completed in January 2013, and 
costs in connection with the November 2014 amendment to the Credit Agreement. 

(g)  Represents income tax expense calculated on adjusted income before tax at the effective rate of approximately 35%, 

36% and 36% in 2015, 2014, and 2013 respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and adjusted net income are not presentations made 

in accordance with GAAP, and the use of the terms adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, and 
adjusted net income may differ from similar measures reported by other companies. We believe that adjusted 
EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and adjusted net income provide investors with useful information 
with respect to our historical operations. We present adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and 
adjusted net income as supplemental performance measures because we believe they facilitate a comparative 
assessment of our operating performance relative to our performance based on our results under GAAP, while 
isolating the effects of some items that vary from period to period. Specifically, adjusted EBITDA allows for an 
assessment of our operating performance and of our ability to service or incur indebtedness without the effect of 
non-cash charges, such as depreciation, amortization, the excess of rent expense over cash rent expense and 
stock compensation expense, and the effect of fees associated with our Sponsor management agreement, which 
was terminated in connection with the completion of our Offering on January 30, 2013, as well as the expenses 
related to the acquisition of businesses and secondary offerings. In addition, adjusted income from operations 
and adjusted net income allow us to assess our performance without the impact of the specifically identified 
items that we believe do not directly reflect our core operations. These measures also function as benchmarks to 
evaluate our operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and adjusted net 
income are not measurements of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered in 
isolation or as an alternative to income before taxes, net income, net cash provided by operating, investing or 
financing activities or any other financial statement data presented as indicators of financial performance or 
liquidity, each as presented in accordance with GAAP. Consequently, our non-GAAP financial measures should 
not be evaluated in isolation or supplant comparable GAAP measures, but, rather, should be considered together 
with our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP and included in Part 
II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company understands that although adjusted EBITDA, 
adjusted income from operations and adjusted net income are frequently used by securities analysts, lenders and 
others in their evaluation of companies, they have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider 
them in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these 
limitations are:

• 

• 

• 

• 

adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, and adjusted net income do not fully reflect the 
Company’s cash expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual 
commitments;

adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, and adjusted net income do not reflect changes in, 
or cash requirements for, the Company’s working capital needs;

adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary 
to service interest or principal payments, on debt;

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and 
amortized will often have to be replaced in the future; and,

41

• 

adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations and adjusted net income do not reflect any cash 
requirements for such replacements.

Because of these limitations, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, and adjusted net 
income should not be considered as discretionary cash available to us to reinvest in the growth of our business 
or as measures of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations.

Non-GAAP Earnings per Share

On January 30, 2013, the Company completed an initial public offering and, after the exercise of the 
underwriters’ overallotment option on February 21, 2013, issued a total of 11.6 million shares of common stock.  
On January 11, 2013, the Company effected a 1–for–1.9704 reverse split of its Class A common stock. In 
addition, the Company converted each share of its Class L common stock into 35.1955 shares of Class A 
common stock, and, immediately following the conversion of its Class L common stock, reclassified those 
shares as well as all outstanding shares of Class A common stock, into common stock. As a result of the 
reclassification of Class A common stock to common stock, all references to “Class A common stock” have 
been changed to “common stock” for all periods presented. The number of common shares used in the 
calculations of diluted earnings per pro forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma 
common share for the year ended December 31, 2013 gives effect to the conversion of all weighted average 
outstanding shares of Class L common stock at the conversion factor of 35.1955 common shares for each Class 
L share, as if the conversion was completed at the beginning of the year.

The calculations of diluted earnings per pro forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro 

forma common share also include the dilutive effect of common stock options, using the two class method. 
Shares sold in the Offering are included in the diluted earnings per pro forma common share and diluted 
adjusted earnings per pro forma common share calculations beginning on the date that such shares were actually 
issued. Diluted earnings per pro forma common share is calculated using net income in accordance with GAAP. 
Diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share is calculated using adjusted net income, as defined 
above.

Diluted earnings per pro forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share 

are not presentations made in accordance with GAAP, and our use of the terms diluted earnings per pro forma 
common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share may vary from similar measures 
reported by others in our industry due to the potential differences in the method of calculation. Diluted earnings 
per pro forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share should not be 
considered as alternatives to earnings per share derived in accordance with GAAP. Diluted earnings per pro 
forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share have important limitations as 
an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as 
reported under GAAP. Because of these limitations, we rely primarily on our GAAP results. However, we 
believe that presenting diluted earnings per pro forma common share and diluted adjusted earnings per pro 
forma common share is appropriate to provide additional information to investors to compare our performance 
prior to and after the completion of our initial public offering and related conversion of Class L shares into 
common as well as to provide investors with useful information regarding our historical operating results. 

42

The following table sets forth the computation of diluted earnings per pro forma common share and 

diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share:

Diluted earnings per pro forma common share:

Net income

$

93,927

$

72,035

$

12,344

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

(In thousands, except share data)

Pro forma weighted average number of common shares—
diluted:

Weighted average number of Class L shares over
period in which Class L shares were outstanding (1)

Adjustment to weight Class L shares over respective
period

Weighted average number of Class L shares over
period
Class L conversion factor

Weighted average number of converted Class L
common shares

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,327,115

(1,290,251)

36,864

35.1955

1,297,479

Weighted average number of common shares

60,835,574

65,612,572

62,659,264

Pro forma weighted average number of common shares
—basic

Incremental dilutive shares—stock options using
treasury stock method

Pro forma weighted average number of common shares
—diluted

Diluted earnings per pro forma common share
Diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share:

Adjusted net income

$

$

Pro forma weighted average number of common shares
—diluted

Diluted adjusted earnings per pro forma common share $

60,835,574

65,612,572

63,956,743

1,525,204

1,631,600

1,849,772

62,360,778
1.50

115,391

62,360,778
1.85

67,244,172
1.07

97,238

67,244,172
1.45

$

$

$

65,806,515
0.19

78,260

65,806,515
1.19

$

$

$

(1) 

The weighted average number of Class L shares in the actual Class L earnings per share calculation for 
the year ended December 31, 2013 represents the weighted average from the beginning of the period 
up through the date of conversion of the Class L shares into common shares. As such, the pro forma 
weighted average number of common shares includes an adjustment to the weighted average number 
of Class L shares outstanding to reflect the length of time the Class L shares were outstanding prior to 
conversion relative to the respective years. The converted Class L shares are already included in the 
weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period after their conversion.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary cash requirements are for the ongoing operations of our existing child care centers, back-up 

dependent care and other educational advisory services, the addition of new centers through development or 
acquisition and debt financing obligations.  Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash flows from operations 
and borrowings available under our revolving credit facility.  There were borrowings outstanding on the 
revolving credit facility of $24.0 million at December 31, 2015, and borrowings outstanding during the year 
ended December 31, 2015 averaged $11.9 million. There were no borrowings outstanding at December 31, 
2014. 

43

We had a working capital deficit of $152.6 million and $56.3 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively. Our working capital deficit has arisen from using cash generated from operations to make long-
term investments in fixed assets and acquisitions and from share repurchases.  We anticipate that we will 
continue to generate positive cash flows from operating activities and that the cash generated will be used 
principally to fund ongoing operations of our new and existing full service child care centers and expanded 
operations in the back-up dependent care and educational advisory segments, as well as to make scheduled 
principal and interest payments and to repurchase shares.

The Company's $1.1 billion senior secured credit facilities consist of $955.0 million in secured term loan 
facilities and a $100.0 million revolving credit facility. In conjunction with a debt refinancing in January 2013, 
$790.0 million in senior secured term loans were issued, with the subsequent issuance of $165.0 million in 
additional term loans in December 2014. On January 26, 2016, the Company amended its existing credit 
agreement to increase the revolving credit facility from $100.0 million to $225.0 million as further discussed 
below under "Debt".

On January 30, 2013, we completed our initial public offering, raising $233.3 million, net of expenses, 

underwriting discounts and commissions, including the exercise of the underwriters’ overallotment option 
which was completed on February 21, 2013. We used the net proceeds of our Offering and certain proceeds 
from the issuance of the $790.0 million senior secured term loan to redeem our senior notes in full for $213.3 
million. We used the remainder of the $790.0 million senior secured term loan to refinance all of the remaining 
existing indebtedness under the senior credit facilities and the senior subordinated notes. 

On March 28, 2014, the board of directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $225.0 

million of its common stock.  Under this authorization, the Company repurchased a total of 5.0 million shares 
for $221.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2014. On February 4, 2015, the board of directors of the 
Company approved a $250.0 million repurchase program of its common stock.  The repurchase program has no 
expiration date and replaced the prior 2014 authorization. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the 
Company repurchased 2.2 million shares for $128.1 million. All repurchased shares have been retired.  At 
December 31, 2015, $121.9 million remained outstanding under the repurchase program. There were no stock 
repurchases during the year ended December 31, 2013. 

We believe that funds provided by operations, our existing cash and cash equivalent balances and 
borrowings available under our revolving credit facility will be adequate to meet planned operating and capital 
expenditures for at least the next 12 months under current operating conditions. However, if we were to 
undertake any significant acquisitions or investments in the purchase of facilities for new or existing child care 
and early education centers, which requires financing beyond our existing borrowing capacity, it may be 
necessary for us to obtain additional debt or equity financing. We may not be able to obtain such financing on 
reasonable terms, or at all.

Cash Flows

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

(In thousands)

2013

Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash (used in) provided by financing
activities

$
Cash and cash equivalents (beginning of period) $
$
Cash and cash equivalents (end of period)

$
$

170,056
$
(155,354) $

(90,581) $
$
87,886
$
11,539

174,297
$
(78,001) $

(36,420) $
$
29,585
$
87,886

159,679
(201,132)

36,761
34,109
29,585

Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $170.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, 

compared to $174.3 million in 2014.  The increase in net income from 2014 to 2015 of $21.9 million was 

44

largely offset by changes in non-cash items and working capital arising primarily from the timing of payments 
for income taxes and other routine operating expenses, as well as the timing of billings and collections when 
compared to the prior year. 

Cash provided by operating activities was $174.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, 
compared to $159.7 million in 2013.  Net income, adjusted for non-cash expenses, decreased by $3.8 million 
from 2013 to 2014, due primarily to incremental income taxes paid on higher taxable income when compared to 
the prior year. The impact of changes in working capital during 2014 was to increase operating cash flows by 
$23.4 million, principally due to the timing of payments for income taxes, payroll and other routine operating 
expenses when compared to the prior year. 

We expect to generate approximately $200 million in cash from operations in 2016.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $155.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to 

$78.0 million for the same period in 2014 and was related to fixed asset additions for new child care centers, 
maintenance and refurbishments in our existing centers, and continued investments in technology, equipment 
and furnishings, as well as investments in acquisitions.  The Company acquired 57 centers in 2015 for $77.6 
million compared to five centers in 2014 for $13.2 million, which is the primary driver to the increase in cash 
used in investing activities. Cash used in investing activities in 2014 related primarily to fixed asset additions.  
The increase in fixed asset additions of $11.6 million to $77.8 million in 2015 related to investments in new 
child care centers.

Cash used in investing activities was $78.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to 
$201.1 million for the same period in 2013 and was related to fixed asset additions for new child care centers, 
maintenance and refurbishments in our existing centers, and continued investments in technology, equipment 
and furnishings, as well as investments in acquisitions.  The Company acquired five centers in 2014 for $13.2 
million compared to 114 centers for $129.8 million in the prior year, which is the primary driver to the reduction 
in cash used in investing activities. Cash used in investing activities in 2014 related primarily to fixed asset 
additions. The investment in fixed asset additions in 2014 was relatively consistent with 2013.

We estimate that we will spend approximately $80 to $90 million in 2016 on fixed asset additions related 
to new child care centers, maintenance and refurbishments in our existing centers and continued investments in 
technology and equipment. As part of our growth strategy, we also expect to continue to make selective 
acquisitions, which may vary in size and which are less predictable in terms of the timing and amount of the 
capital requirements.

Cash Used in Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities amounted to $90.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 

compared to $36.4 million in 2014.  The increase in cash used in financing activities was due primarily to a 
decrease in proceeds from net borrowings and a decrease in proceeds from the exercise of stock options. Cash 
used by financing activities in 2015 related principally to stock repurchases of $128.1 million and principal 
payments of $9.6 million on our debt, offset by net proceeds of $24.0 million from borrowings under the 
revolving credit facility, proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $9.8 million, and proceeds from the 
issuance and sale of restricted stock of $3.9 million. Cash used by financing activities in 2014 related 
principally to stock repurchases of $221.6 million and principal payments of $7.9 million on our debt, offset by 
net proceeds of $161.8 million from the issuance of term loans, proceeds from the exercise of stock options of 
$17.4 million, and proceeds from the issuance and sale of restricted stock of $4.7 million. 

Cash used in financing activities amounted to $36.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 

compared to cash provided by financing activities of $36.8 million in 2013.  The 2014 decrease in cash 
provided by financing activities related to stock repurchases of $221.6 million, offset by net proceeds of $161.8 
million from the issuance of term loans, compared to proceeds generated from our Offering of $234.9 million 
and from the issuance of term loans of $769.4 million, offset by the extinguishment of debt in 2013.

45

Debt

As of December 31, 2015, the Company's $1.1 billion senior credit facilities consisted of $955.0 million 
in secured term loan facilities and a $100.0 million revolving credit facility. The term loans mature on January 
30, 2020 and require quarterly principal payments of $2.4 million, with the remaining principal balance due on 
January 30, 2020. Outstanding term loan borrowings were as follows at December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in 
thousands):

Term loans
Deferred financing costs and original issue discount

Total debt

Less current maturities
Long-term debt

December 31,

2015

2014

929,650
(14,439)
915,211
9,550
905,661

$

$

939,200
(18,023)
921,177
9,550
911,627

$

$

At December 31, 2015, the revolving credit facility had a maturity of January 30, 2018 and there were 

borrowings outstanding of $24.0 million, with $76.0 million of the revolving credit facility available for 
borrowings. There were no borrowings outstanding on the revolving credit facility at December 31, 2014 with 
the full facility available for borrowings.  

All borrowings under the credit agreement are subject to variable interest rates. Applicable margin 

percentages for the loan facilities range from 1.75% to 2.50% per annum for base rate loans and 2.75% to 
3.50% per annum for LIBOR rate loans as defined in the credit agreement, provided that the base rate for the 
term loan may not be lower than 2.0% and LIBOR may not be lower than 1.0%.

On January 26, 2016, the Company amended its existing credit agreement to increase the revolving credit 
facility from $100.0 million to $225.0 million, to extend the maturity date on the revolving credit facility from 
January 30, 2018 to July 31, 2019, and to modify the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the revolving 
credit facility from 1.75% over the Base Rate to a range of 1.25% to 1.75% over the Base Rate, or 2.25% to 
2.75% over the Eurocurrency Rate. 

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities are secured by substantially all the assets of the 

Company's U.S.-based subsidiaries. The agreement governing our senior secured credit facilities contains a 
number of covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, may restrict the ability of 
Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary, and its restricted subsidiaries to: incur 
certain liens; make investments, loans, advances and acquisitions; incur additional indebtedness or guarantees; 
pay dividends on capital stock or redeem, repurchase or retire capital stock or subordinated indebtedness; 
engage in transactions with affiliates; sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; alter the business 
we conduct; enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and, consolidate or 
merge.

In addition, the credit agreement governing the $1.1 billion senior secured credit facilities requires Bright 

Horizons Capital Corp., our direct subsidiary, to be a passive holding company, subject to certain exceptions. 
The revolving credit facility requires Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC, the borrower, and its restricted 
subsidiaries to comply with a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio financial maintenance 
covenant, to be tested only if, on the last day of each fiscal quarter, revolving loans and/or swingline loans in 
excess of a specified percentage of the revolving commitments on such date are outstanding under the revolving 
credit facility.  The breach of this covenant is subject to certain equity cure rights.

The credit agreement governing the senior secured credit facilities contains certain customary affirmative 

covenants and events of default.  We were in compliance with our financial covenants at December 31, 2015.

46

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

Contractual Obligations

Long-term
debt (1)

Interest on long-
term debt (2)

Operating leases

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

Total

$

9,550

$

9,550

$

9,550

$

9,550

$ 891,450

$

— $ 929,650

35,592

89,547

34,960

84,984

33,953

80,739

33,196

75,045

2,733

71,080

—

441,583

140,434

842,978

Total

$ 134,689

$ 129,494

$ 124,242

$ 117,791

$ 965,263

$ 441,583

$ 1,913,062

(1) 

(2) 

*

*

Scheduled principal payments on our long-term debt.

Interest on the outstanding principal balance of long-term debt calculated using the weighted average 
interest rate for the year ended December 31, 2015 of 4.1%, including commitment fees on the unused 
line of credit.

There were borrowings outstanding of $24.0 million on the $100.0 million revolving line of credit
facility.

We are unable to estimate the timing of potential future payments related to our accrual for uncertain
tax positions in the amount of $0.7 million, exclusive of penalties and interest, at December 31, 2015.

Overdraft Facility

Our subsidiaries in the United Kingdom maintain an overdraft facility with a United Kingdom ("U.K.") 

bank to support local short-term working capital requirements.  The overdraft facility is repayable upon demand 
from the U.K. bank.  The facility provides maximum borrowings of £0.3 million (approximately $0.4 million at 
December 31, 2015) and is secured by a cross guarantee by and among our subsidiaries in the United Kingdom 
and a right of offset against all accounts maintained by the subsidiaries at the lending bank.  The overdraft 
facility bears interest at the U.K. bank’s base rate plus 2.15%. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no 
amounts outstanding under the overdraft facility.

Our subsidiary in the Netherlands maintained a multi-purpose revolving credit facility with a Dutch bank 

to support working capital, letter of credit requirements, and the construction and fitting out of new child care 
centers. The facility was secured by a right of offset against all accounts maintained at the lending bank and by 
an additional pledge of certain equipment.  The €2.2 million facility was terminated in December 2014.  The 
weighted average interest rate for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 5.53%. 

The Company has 25 letters of credit outstanding used to guarantee certain rent payments for up to $1.0 

million. These letters of credit are guaranteed by cash deposits. No amounts have been drawn against these 
letters of credit.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally 

accepted in the United States.  Preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported 
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.  
The accounting policies we believe are critical in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements relate 
to revenue recognition and goodwill and other intangibles.  We have other significant accounting policies that 
are more fully described under the heading “Organization and Significant Accounting Policies” in Note 1 to our 

47

consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Both our critical 
and significant policies are important to an understanding of the consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition—We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, 

delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed and determinable and collectability is 
reasonably assured. We recognize revenue as services are performed.

Center-based care revenues consist primarily of tuition, which is comprised of amounts paid by parents, 

supplemented in some cases by payments from employer sponsors and, to a lesser extent, by payments from 
government agencies. Revenue may also include management fees, operating subsidies paid either in lieu of or 
to supplement parent tuition and fees for other services.

We enter into contracts with employer sponsors to manage and operate their child care centers and to 

provide back-up dependent care services and educational advisory services under various terms. Our contracts 
to operate child care and early education centers are generally three to ten years in length with varying renewal 
options. Our contracts for back-up dependent care arrangements and for educational advisory services are 
generally one to three years in length with varying renewal options.

We record deferred revenue for prepaid tuition and management fees and amounts received from 

consulting projects in advance of services being performed. We are also a party to certain agreements where the 
performance of services extends beyond an annual operating cycle. In these circumstances, we record a long-
term obligation and recognize revenue over the period of the agreement as the services are rendered.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets—Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of the net 

tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Our intangible assets principally 
consist of various customer relationships and trade names. Identified intangible assets that have determinable 
useful lives are valued separately from goodwill and are amortized over the estimated period during which we 
derive a benefit. Intangible assets related to customer relationships include relationships with employer clients 
and relationships with parents. Customer relationships with parents are amortized using an accelerated method 
over their useful lives. All other intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their useful lives.

In valuing the customer relationships and trade names, we utilize variations of the income approach, 

which relies on historical financial and qualitative information, as well as assumptions and estimates for 
projected financial information. We consider the income approach the most appropriate valuation technique 
because the inherent value of these assets is their ability to generate current and future income. Projected 
financial information is subject to risk if our estimates are incorrect. The most significant estimate relates to our 
projected revenues and profitability. If we do not meet the projected revenues and profitability used in the 
valuation calculations, then the intangible assets could be impaired. In determining the value of contractual 
rights and customer relationships, we reviewed historical customer attrition rates and determined a rate of 
approximately 30% per year for relationships with parents, and approximately 3.5% to 5.0% for employer client 
relationships. Our multi-year contracts with client customers typically result in low annual turnover, and our 
long-term relationships with clients make it difficult for competitors to displace us. The value of our customer 
relationships intangible assets could become impaired if future results differ significantly from any of the 
underlying assumptions, including a higher customer attrition rate. Customer relationships are considered to be 
finite-lived assets, with estimated lives ranging from four to seventeen years. Certain trade names acquired as 
part of our strategy to expand by completing strategic acquisitions are considered to be finite-lived assets, with 
estimated lives ranging from five to ten years. The estimated lives were determined by calculating the number 
of years necessary to obtain 95% of the value of the discounted cash flows of the respective intangible asset.

Goodwill and certain trade names are considered indefinite-lived assets. Our trade names identify us and 

differentiate us from competitors, and, therefore, competition does not limit the useful life of these assets. 
Additionally, we believe that our primary trade names will continue to generate sales for an indefinite period. 
Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not subject to amortization but are tested annually for 
impairment or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment. We test goodwill for impairment by 
comparing the fair value of each reporting unit, determined by estimating the present value of expected future 

48

cash flows, to its carrying value. We have identified three reporting segments: full service center-based care, 
back-up dependent care and other educational advisory services. 

As part of the annual goodwill impairment assessment, we estimated the fair value of each of our 
reporting units using the income approach based on discounted estimated future cash flows. The fair value is 
also benchmarked against a market approach using the guideline public companies method. We forecasted 
future cash flows by reporting unit for each of the next ten years and applied a long-term growth rate to the final 
year of forecasted cash flows. The cash flows were then discounted using our estimated discount rate. We 
compared the estimated fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit to determine whether we need to 
perform step 2 of the analysis. The estimated fair value of the reporting units significantly exceeds the net book 
value and therefore, there has been no indication of goodwill impairment. 

For certain trademarks that are included in our indefinite-lived intangible assets, we estimate the fair value 

first by estimating the total revenue attributable to each trademark and then by applying the royalty rate 
determined by an analysis of empirical, market-derived royalty rates for guideline intangible assets, consistent 
with the initial valuation, or 1% to 2%, and then comparing the estimated fair value of the trademarks with their 
carrying value. The forecasts of revenue and profitability growth for use in our long-range plan and the discount 
rate were the key assumptions in our intangible fair value analysis. We identified no impairments in the years 
ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013. 

Definite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that 

the carrying amount of the asset may not be recovered. Definite-lived intangible assets are considered to be 
impaired if the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be 
generated by the asset over its remaining useful life. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment is 
measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value and is charged to 
results of operations at that time.  We identified no impairments in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 
and 2013.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our primary market risk exposures relate to foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk.

Foreign Currency Risk

Our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates is primarily the result of foreign 
subsidiaries domiciled in the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, India and Canada. We have not used 
financial derivative instruments to hedge foreign currency exchange rate risks associated with our foreign 
subsidiaries.

The assets and liabilities of our British, Irish, Dutch, Indian and Canadian subsidiaries, whose functional 
currencies are the British pound, Euro, Indian rupee and Canadian dollar, respectively, are translated into U.S. 
dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at the 
average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The cumulative translation effects for subsidiaries using a 
functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a 
separate component of stockholders’ equity.  We estimate that had the exchange rate in each country 
unfavorably changed by 10% relative to the U.S. dollar, our consolidated earnings before taxes would have 
decreased by approximately $1.1 million for 2015.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate exposure relates primarily to the effect of interest rate changes on borrowings outstanding 

under our revolving line of credit and term loans.  We had borrowings of $24.0 million outstanding at 
December 31, 2015 under our revolving credit facility, which were subject to a weighted average interest rate of 
3.8%, and we had borrowings of $929.7 million outstanding at December 31, 2015 under our term loan facility, 
which were subject to a weighted average interest rate of 4.1%.  Based on the borrowings outstanding under the 
senior credit facilities during 2015, we estimate that had the average interest rate on our borrowings increased 
by 100 basis points in 2015, our interest expense for the year would have increased by approximately $9.6 

49

million.  This estimate assumes the interest rate of each borrowing is raised by 100 basis points.  The impact on 
future interest expense as a result of future changes in interest rates will depend largely on the gross amount of 
our borrowings at that time.

50

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 
Watertown, Massachusetts

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. and 
subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of 
income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the three 
years in the period ended December 31, 2015. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of 
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on 
our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing 
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the 
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 
2015, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 29, 2016 expressed an adverse 
opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting because of a material weakness.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Boston, Massachusetts
February 29, 2016 

51

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable—net
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Current deferred income taxes
Total current assets

Fixed assets—net
Goodwill
Other intangibles—net
Deferred income taxes
Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Current portion of long-term debt
Borrowings on revolving line of credit
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenue
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt—net
Deferred rent and related obligations
Other long-term liabilities
Deferred revenue
Deferred income taxes

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized and no
shares issued or outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 475,000,000 shares authorized;
60,008,136 and 61,534,802 shares issued and outstanding at December 31,
2015 and 2014, respectively

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Accumulated deficit

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
52

December 31,

2015

2014

$

11,539
97,295
43,879
—
152,713
429,736
1,147,809
389,331
—
30,952
$ 2,150,541

$

87,886
83,066
39,147
13,059
223,158
398,947
1,095,738
406,249
580
16,404
$ 2,141,076

$

9,550
24,000
114,776
137,283
19,734
305,343
905,661
50,039
44,182
4,608
113,100
1,422,933

$

9,550
—
116,425
133,048
20,400
279,423
911,627
43,105
23,401
5,525
127,036
1,390,117

—

—

60
983,398
(39,270)
(216,580)
727,608
$ 2,150,541

62
1,083,091
(21,687)
(310,507)
750,959
$ 2,141,076

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except share data)

Years ended December 31,

$

2015
1,458,445

1,100,690

$

2014
1,352,999

1,039,397

$

Revenue

Cost of services

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Amortization of intangible assets

Income from operations

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest income

Interest expense

Income before income taxes

Income tax (expense) benefit

Net income

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest

Net income attributable to Bright Horizons Family
Solutions Inc.

Allocation of net income to common shareholders:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

Earnings per share:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

$

$

$

$

$

357,755

148,164

27,989

181,602

—

163
(41,609)
140,156
(46,229)
93,927

—

93,927

93,287

93,303

1.53

1.50

$

$

$

$

$

313,602

137,683

28,999

146,920

—

103
(34,709)
112,314
(40,279)
72,035

—

72,035

71,755

71,761

1.09

1.07

$

$

$

$

$

2013
1,218,776

937,840

280,936

141,827

30,075

109,034
(63,682)
85
(40,626)
4,811

7,533

12,344
(279)

12,623

12,623

12,623

0.20

0.20

60,835,574

62,360,778

65,612,572

67,244,172

62,659,264

64,509,036

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

53

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
(In thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Total other comprehensive (loss) income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-
controlling interest

Comprehensive income attributable to Bright
Horizons Family Solutions Inc.

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

93,927

$

72,035

$

12,344

(17,583)
(17,583)
76,344

(23,103)
(23,103)
48,932

—

—

10,589

10,589

22,933

78

$

76,344

$

48,932

$

22,855

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

54

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(In thousands, except share data)

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid In
Capital

Treasury
Stock,
at Cost

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Accumulated
Deficit

Total
Stockholders’
Equity
(Deficit)

Balance at January 1, 2013

6,062,653

$

6

$ 150,088

$

— $

(8,816) $

(395,165) $

(253,887)

46,708,466

47

854,054

Conversion of Class L
common stock

Initial public offering, net 
of offering costs of $20.6 
million

Stock-based compensation

11,615,000

Exercise of stock options

916,695

Excess tax benefits from 
stock option exercises

Acquisition of  remaining 
non-controlling interest

Translation adjustments, 
net of $357 attributable to 
non-controlling interest

Net income attributable to
Bright Horizons Family
Solutions Inc.

12

—

234,932

10,692

11,040

5,101

4,291

(225)

10,457

12,623

Balance at December 31, 2013

65,302,814

65

1,270,198

—

1,416

(382,542)

Stock-based compensation

Exercise of stock options

1,212,458

2

7,922

17,420

9,123

(221,577)

9,200

9,811

9,397

(128,103)

Excess tax benefits from 
stock option exercises

Purchase of treasury stock

Retirement of treasury
stock

Translation adjustments

Net income 

Excess tax benefits from 
stock option exercises

Purchase of treasury stock

Retirement of treasury
stock

Translation adjustments

Net income

(4,980,470)

(5)

(221,572)

221,577

(23,103)

72,035

Balance at December 31, 2014

61,534,802

62

1,083,091

—

(21,687)

(310,507)

Stock-based compensation

Exercise of stock options

694,381

—

(2,221,047)

(2)

(128,101)

128,103

(17,583)

93,927

Balance at December 31, 2015

60,008,136

$

60

$ 983,398

$

— $

(39,270) $

(216,580) $

727,608

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

55

854,101

234,944

10,692

11,040

5,101

4,066

10,457

12,623

889,137

7,922

17,422

9,123

(221,577)

—

(23,103)

72,035

750,959

9,200

9,811

9,397

(128,103)

—

(17,583)

93,927

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

$ 93,927

$ 72,035

$ 12,344

Years ended December 31,
2014

2013

2015

Depreciation and amortization
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Amortization of original issue discount and deferred financing costs
Interest paid in kind
Non-cash revenue and other
Impairment losses on long-lived assets
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
Stock-based compensation
Deferred income taxes
Deferred rent
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Income taxes
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenue
Accrued rent and related obligations
Other assets
Other current and long-term liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of fixed assets
Proceeds from the disposal of fixed assets
Purchase of long-term investments
Settlement of purchase price for prior year acquisitions
Payments for acquisitions—net of cash acquired

Net cash used in investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings of long-term debt, net of issuance costs of $3.2 million in 2014 and $20.6 million in 2013
Extinguishment of long-term debt
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of issuance costs of $20.6 million
Borrowings under revolving line of credit
Payments of revolving line of credit
Principal payments of long-term debt
Purchase of non-controlling interest
Purchase of treasury stock
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of options
Proceeds from issuance of restricted stock
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash payments of interest
Cash payments of income taxes
Non-cash conversion of Class L common stock
Fixed asset purchases recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

56

78,666
—
3,583
—
191
41
351
9,200
(758)
2,736

(13,340)
3,825
(12,073)
(6,448)
2,955
4,642
(14,296)
16,854
170,056

(77,785)
50
—
23
(77,642)
(155,354)

—
—
—
267,300
(243,300)
(9,550)
—
(128,103)
9,811
3,864
9,397
(90,581)
(468)
(76,347)
87,886
$ 11,539

77,447
—
3,052
—
(149)
206
667
7,922
(13,376)
3,092

(4,604)
2,174
3,505
9,589
14,259
3,222
(1,672)
(3,072)
174,297

(66,194)
385
—
1,030
(13,222)
(78,001)

72,808
63,682
2,763
2,143
(618)
765
566
10,692
(13,410)
2,985

(11,458)
(5,393)
(13,386)
365
22,350
2,180
149
10,152
159,679

(69,509)
189
(2,000)
—
(129,812)
(201,132)

161,803

769,360
— (972,468)
234,944
—
—
140,800
— (140,800)
(7,900)
(4,138)
—
11,040
—
5,923
36,761
168
(4,524)
34,109
$ 29,585

(7,900)
—
(221,577)
17,422
4,709
9,123
(36,420)
(1,575)
58,301
29,585
$ 87,886

$ 38,110
$ 49,819
$
$

2,000

— $
$

$ 32,473
$ 41,713

$ 34,928
$ 13,931
— $ 854,101
—

$

3,000

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization—Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. (“Bright Horizons” or the “Company”) provides 
workplace services for employers and families throughout the United States and the United Kingdom, and also 
in Puerto Rico, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands, and India. Workplace services include center-based child care, 
education and enrichment programs, elementary school education, back-up dependent care (for children and 
elders), before and after school care, college preparation and admissions counseling, tuition reimbursement 
program administration, and other family support services.

The Company provides its center-based child care services under two general business models: a profit 

and loss (“P&L”) model, where the Company assumes the financial risk of operating a child care center; and a 
cost-plus model, where the Company is paid a fee by an employer client for managing a child care center on a 
cost-plus basis. The P&L model is further classified into two subcategories: (i) a sponsor model, where Bright 
Horizons provides child care and early education services on either an exclusive or priority enrollment basis for 
the employees of a specific employer sponsor; and (ii) a lease/consortium model, where the Company provides 
child care and early education services to the employees of multiple employers located within a specific real 
estate development (for example, an office building or office park), as well as to families in the surrounding 
community. In both our cost-plus and sponsor P&L models, the development of a new child care center, as well 
as ongoing maintenance and repair, is typically funded by an employer sponsor with whom the Company enters 
into a multi-year contractual relationship. In addition, employer sponsors typically provide subsidies for the 
ongoing provision of child care services for their employees. Under each model type, the Company retains 
responsibility for all aspects of operating the child care and early education center, including the hiring and 
paying of employees, contracting with vendors, purchasing supplies, and collecting tuition and related accounts 
receivable.

The Company provides back-up dependent care services through our own centers and through our Back-
Up Care Advantage (“BUCA”) program, which offers access to a contracted network of in-home care agencies 
and center-based providers in locations where we do not otherwise have centers with available capacity.

Basis of Presentation—Bright Horizons was acquired by investment funds affiliated with Bain Capital 

Partners LLC (the “Sponsor”) as a result of a transaction in 2008, pursuant to which a wholly owned merger 
subsidiary was merged with and into Bright Horizons Family Solutions, Inc. (the “Predecessor”). As part of the 
transaction, a new basis of accounting was established and the purchase price was allocated to the assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values. In July 2012, Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 
changed its name from Bright Horizons Solutions Corp.

Stock Offerings—On January 30, 2013, the Company completed an initial public offering (the 

“Offering”) and, after the exercise of the underwriters’ overallotment option on February 21, 2013, issued a total 
of 11.6 million shares of common stock in exchange for $233.3 million, net of offering costs including $1.6 
million expensed in 2012. The Company used the proceeds of the Offering, as well as certain amounts from the 
2013 refinancing discussed below, to repay the principal and accumulated interest under its senior notes 
outstanding on January 30, 2013.

Prior to the Offering, the Company had Class L and Class A common stock outstanding.  The Company’s 
Class L common stock was classified outside of permanent equity as the timing of the conversion or redemption 
event was outside of the control of the Company.  In December 2012, the Company’s controlling shareholder 
effectively fixed the conversion ratio and the Class L common stock was re-measured to its final redemption 
amount using the fixed conversion ratio and the estimated fair value at that time of $854.1 million for the 1.3 
million shares issued and outstanding.

57

In connection with the 1–for–1.9704 reverse split of its Class A common stock and as determined by its 

holders, the Company converted each share of its Class L common stock into 35.1955 shares of Class A 
common stock on January 11, 2013, and immediately reclassified those shares as well as all outstanding shares 
of Class A common stock into common stock, for which 475 million shares were authorized. The Company also 
authorized 25 million shares of undesignated preferred stock for issuance. As a result of the reclassification of 
Class A common stock to common stock, all references to “Class A common stock” have been changed to 
“common stock” for all periods presented.

On June 19, 2013, March 25, 2014, December 10, 2014, May 27, 2015, August 10, 2015, and November 
18, 2015, certain of the Company’s shareholders affiliated with the Sponsor commenced the sale of 9.8 million, 
7.9 million, 8.0 million, 3.0 million, 3.0 million, and 3.65 million shares, respectively, of the Company’s 
common stock in secondary offerings (“secondary offerings”). The Company did not receive proceeds from the 
sale of shares in the secondary offerings. The Company incurred $0.6 million and $1.0 million in the years 
ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, in offering costs related to the secondary offerings, which are 
included in selling, general and administrative expenses.  The Company purchased 4.5 million, 1.25 million, 0.7 
million, and 0.15 million of the shares sold in the December 10, 2014, May 27, 2015, August 10, 2015, and 
November 18, 2015 secondary offerings, respectively, from investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor at the 
same price per share paid by the underwriter to the selling shareholders.   

Principles of Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the 
Company and its subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with 

accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported 
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s significant accounting estimates 
in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements relate to the valuation of goodwill and other 
intangibles, and income taxes. Actual results may differ from management’s estimates.

Foreign Operations—The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is their local 

currency. The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at 
exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at the average 
exchange rates prevailing during the period. The cumulative translation effect for subsidiaries using a functional 
currency other than the U.S. dollar is included in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss as a separate 
component of stockholders’ equity.

The Company’s intercompany accounts are denominated in the functional currency of the foreign 
subsidiary. Gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany receivables that the Company 
considers to be of a long-term investment nature are recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment in 
accumulated other comprehensive income or loss as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, while gains 
and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany receivables from those foreign subsidiaries for 
which the Company anticipates settlement in the foreseeable future are recorded in the consolidated statement 
of income. The net gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended 
December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 were not significant. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments—The Company defines fair value as the price that would be 
received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at 
the measurement date and applies the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to 
measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of 
input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to 
observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 
measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The Company uses 
observable inputs where relevant and whenever possible.

Level 1—Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. 

58

Level 2—Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar 

instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and 
significant value drivers are observable in active markets.

Level 3—Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or 

significant value drivers are unobservable.

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, 

accounts payable, borrowings on line of credit, and long-term debt. The fair value of the Company’s financial 
instruments, other than long-term debt, approximates their carrying value. 

The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as 

follows (in thousands): 

Financial liabilities

December 31,  2015

December 31, 2014

Carrying value

Estimated Fair Value

Carrying value

Estimated Fair Value

Long-term debt

$

929,650

$

924,700

$

939,200

$

921,600

The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is estimated primarily based on current market rates for 

debt with similar terms and remaining maturities or current bid prices for our long-term debt. Judgment is 
required to develop these estimates. As such, our long-term debt is classified within Level 2, as defined under 
U.S. GAAP.

Concentrations of Credit Risk—Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to 

concentrations of credit risk consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company 
mitigates its exposure by maintaining its cash and cash equivalents in financial institutions of high credit 
standing. The Company’s accounts receivable, which are derived primarily from the services it provides, are 
dispersed across many clients in various industries with no single client accounting for more than 10% of the 
Company’s net revenue or accounts receivable. The Company believes that no significant credit risk exists at 
December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities, 

when purchased, of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of 
institutional money market accounts. There were no cash equivalent investments at December 31, 2015 and 
2014.

The Company’s cash management system provides for the funding of the main bank disbursement 
accounts on a daily basis as checks are presented for payment. Under this system, outstanding checks may be in 
excess of the cash balances at certain banks, creating book overdrafts.  There were $10.6 million in book 
overdrafts at December 31, 2015 included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet. There were no 
book overdrafts at December 31, 2014.

Accounts Receivable—The Company generates accounts receivable from fees charged to parents and 

employer sponsors and, to a lesser degree, government agencies. The Company monitors collections and 
payments and maintains a provision for estimated losses based on historical trends, in addition to provisions 
established for specific collection issues that have been identified. Accounts receivable are stated net of this 
allowance for doubtful accounts.

59

Activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows (in thousands):

Beginning balance
Provision
Write offs and recoveries
Ending balance

Years ended December 31,

2015
1,235
1,322
(1,001)
1,556

$

$

2014
1,173
551
(489)
1,235

$

$

2013
1,627
437
(891)
1,173

$

$

Fixed Assets—Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are carried at cost less 
accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated 
useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the 
lease term or their estimated useful lives. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise 
disposed of are removed from the consolidated balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in the 
consolidated statements of income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred, whereas 
expenditures for improvements and replacements are capitalized. Depreciation is included in cost of services 
and selling, general and administrative expenses depending on the nature of the expenditure.

Business Combinations—Business combinations are accounted for at fair value. Acquisition costs are 

expensed as incurred and recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses; integration costs associated 
with a business combination are expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and changes in deferred tax asset 
valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date affect income tax expense. The 
accounting for business combinations requires estimates and judgment as to expectations for future cash flows 
of the acquired business, the allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets, and in determining 
the estimated fair value for assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The fair values assigned to tangible and 
intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as 
well as other information compiled by management, including valuations that utilize customary valuation 
procedures and techniques. If the actual results differ from these estimates, the amounts recorded in the 
financial statements could result in a possible impairment of the intangible assets and goodwill, or require 
acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets—Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair 

value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. The Company’s 
intangible assets principally consist of various customer relationships and trade names.

Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not subject to amortization, but are tested annually 

for impairment or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment. The first step of the goodwill 
impairment test compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Fair 
value for each reporting unit is determined by estimating the present value of expected future cash flows, which 
are forecasted for each of the next ten years, applying a long-term growth rate to the final year, discounted using 
the Company’s estimated discount rate. If the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit exceeds its carrying 
amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired. If the carrying amount of the Company’s 
reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure 
the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step of the goodwill impairment test, used to measure the 
amount of impairment loss, compares the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill with the 
carrying value of that goodwill. The Company performed an impairment assessment as of October 1, 2015 and 
concluded that there was no impairment.  No goodwill impairment losses were recorded in the years ended 
December 31, 2015, 2014, or 2013.

We test certain trademarks that are included in our indefinite-lived intangible assets, by comparing the fair 
value of the trademarks with their carrying value. We estimate the fair value first by estimating the total revenue 
attributable to the trademarks and then by applying a royalty rate determined by an analysis of empirical, 
market-derived royalty rates for guideline intangible assets, consistent with the initial valuation and then 
comparing the estimated fair value of our trademarks with the carrying value. This approach takes into effect 

60

level 3 and unobservable inputs. No impairment losses were recorded in the years ended December 31, 2015, 
2014 or 2013 in relation to intangible assets.

Intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued 
separately and are amortized over the estimated period benefited, ranging from one to seventeen years. 
Intangible assets related to parent relationships are amortized using the double declining balance method over 
their useful lives. All other intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their useful lives.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets—The Company reviews long-lived assets for possible impairment 

whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be 
recoverable. Impairment is assessed by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated 
undiscounted future cash flows over the asset’s remaining life. If the estimated cash flows are less than the 
carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized to reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its 
estimated fair value less any disposal costs. Fair value can be determined using discounted cash flows and 
quoted market prices based on level 3 inputs. The Company recorded fixed asset impairment losses of less than 
$0.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2015 and of $0.2 million and $0.8 million in the years ended 
December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, which have been included in cost of services.

Other Long Term Assets—Other long term assets includes a cost basis investment of $2.1 million in a 
private company, which we review for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that 
the carrying amount of such asset may not be recoverable.

Deferred Revenue—The Company records deferred revenue for prepaid tuition and management fees 

and amounts received from consulting projects in advance of services being performed. The Company is also a 
party to agreements where the performance of services extends beyond one year. In these circumstances, the 
Company records a long-term obligation and recognizes revenue over the period of the agreement as the 
services are rendered.

Leases and Deferred Rent—The Company leases space for certain of its centers and corporate offices. 

Leases are evaluated and classified as operating or capital for financial reporting purposes. The Company 
recognizes rent expense from operating leases with periods of free rent, tenant allowances and scheduled rent 
increases on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term. The difference between rents paid and straight-
line rent expense is recorded as deferred rent.

Discount on Long-Term Debt—Original issue discounts on the Company’s debt are recorded as a 
reduction of long-term debt and are amortized over the life of the related debt instrument in accordance with the 
effective interest method. Amortization expense is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of 
income.

Deferred Financing Costs—Deferred financing costs are recorded as a reduction of long-term debt and 

are amortized over the life of the related debt instrument in accordance with the effective interest method. 
Amortization of this expense is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Other Long-Term Liabilities—Other long-term liabilities consist primarily of amounts payable to 
clients, pursuant to terms of operating agreements or for deposits held by the Company, liabilities for workers 
compensation claims, and obligations for uncertain tax positions.

Income Taxes—The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under the 

asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences 
attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and 
liabilities and their respective tax bases and for tax carryforwards, such as net operating losses. Deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in 
which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and 
liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the provision for income taxes in the period that includes the 
enactment date. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax 
assets if it is more likely than not that such asset will not be realized. Additional income tax expense is 
recognized as a result of recording valuation allowances. The Company does not recognize a tax benefit on 

61

losses in foreign operations where it does not have a history of profitability. The Company records penalties and 
interest on income tax related items as a component of tax expense.

Obligations for uncertain tax positions are recorded based on an assessment of whether the position is 
more likely than not to be sustained by the taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and 
penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

Revenue Recognition—The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement 

exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed and determinable, and collectability 
is reasonably assured.

Center-based care revenues consist primarily of tuition, which consists of amounts paid by parents, 

supplemented in some cases by payments from employer sponsors and, to a lesser extent, by payments from 
government agencies. Revenue may also include management fees, operating subsidies paid either in lieu of or 
to supplement parent tuition, and fees for other services. Revenue for center-based care is recognized as the 
services are performed.

The Company enters into contracts with its employer sponsors to manage and operate their child care and 

early education centers and/or for the provision of back-up dependent care and other educational advisory 
services under various terms. The Company’s contracts to operate child care and early education centers are 
generally three to ten years in length with varying renewal options. The Company’s contracts for back-up 
dependent care and other educational advisory services are generally one to three years in length with varying 
renewal options. Revenue for these services is recognized as they are performed.

Stock-Based Compensation—The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using a fair value 

method. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on the 
grant-date fair value of the awards that are expected to vest. This expense is recognized on a straight-line basis 
over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period, of each separately vesting 
tranche. The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.

Comprehensive Income or Loss—Comprehensive income or loss is comprised of net income or loss and 

foreign currency translation adjustments. The Company does not provide for U.S. income taxes on the portion 
of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are intended to be permanently reinvested. Therefore, taxes 
are not provided for the related currency translation adjustments.

Earnings or Loss Per Share—Net earnings or loss per share is calculated using the two-class method, 

which is an earnings allocation formula that determines net income or loss per share for the holders of the 
Company’s common stock, unvested participating shares and, prior to the completion of the Offering, the 
holders of Class L common stock. The Class L shares contained participation rights in any dividend paid by the 
Company or upon liquidation of the Company and were entitled to a minimum preferred return of 10% per 
annum, compounded quarterly. Unvested participating shares are unvested share-based payment awards of 
restricted stock that participate in dividends with common stock. Net income available to common shareholders 
includes the effects of any Class L preference amounts for the periods these were outstanding. Net income 
available to shareholders is allocated on a pro rata basis to each share as if all of the earnings for the period had 
been distributed. Diluted net income or loss per share is calculated using the more dilutive of (1) the treasury 
stock method, or (2) the two-class method for all outstanding stock options and the as-converted method for the 
Class L shares.

New Accounting Pronouncements—In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board 
("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  This standard amends 
the existing guidance and requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet assets and liabilities for the rights 
and obligations created by those leases with lease terms longer than twelve months.  The guidance is effective 
for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The 
Company is in the process of evaluating the impact this standard will have on the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

62

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (Topic 

740).  This standard requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities, along with any related valuation 
allowance, be classified as non-current on the balance sheet.  As a result, each jurisdiction will now only have 
one net non-current deferred tax asset or liability. The guidance is effective for public companies for interim and 
annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted, and entities may 
choose whether to adopt this update prospectively or retrospectively. The Company has chosen early adoption 
of the standard and applied the guidance prospectively as of December 31, 2015. Balance sheets for prior 
periods were not retrospectively adjusted. Adoption of this standard did not impact results of operations, 
retained earnings, or cash flows. 

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the 

Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.  This standard amends existing guidance to simplify the 
accounting for adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination, and the 
amendments in this update eliminate the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments.  This 
ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect this 
standard to have a significant effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which 

provides guidance for revenue recognition.  The standard's core principle is that a company will recognize 
revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration 
to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  In doing so, companies 
will need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under current guidance.  These may include 
identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration included in 
the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. On July 9, 
2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date by one year. The guidance is effective for interim and annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, but not for periods 
beginning on or before December 15, 2016. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of 
adoption of this ASU on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): 
Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.  This standard amends existing guidance to require the 
presentation of debt issuance costs in the balance sheet as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related 
debt liability.  This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption 
permitted. The Company does not expect this standard to have a significant effect on the Company's 
consolidated financial statements. 

2. ACQUISITIONS

As part of the Company’s growth strategy to expand through strategic and synergistic acquisitions, the 
Company has made the following acquisitions in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013.  The 
goodwill resulting from these acquisitions arises largely from synergies expected from combining the operations 
of the businesses acquired with our existing operations, as well as from benefits derived from the assembled 
workforce acquired.

2015 Acquisitions

On May 19, 2015, the Company acquired Hildebrandt Learning Centers, LLC, an operator of 40 centers 

in the United States, for cash consideration of $19.2 million and contingent consideration of $0.5 million, which 
was accounted for as a business combination.  The Company recorded goodwill of $13.2 million related to the 
full service center-based care segment, which will be deductible for tax purposes, and intangible assets of $5.7 
million, consisting of customer relationships that will be amortized over 12 years. The Company also acquired 
working capital of $0.3 million, including cash of $1.5 million, and fixed assets of $0.5 million. 

On July 15, 2015, the Company acquired Active Learning Childcare Limited, an operator of nine centers 

in the United Kingdom, for cash consideration of $42.2 million, which was accounted for as a business 
combination.  The Company recorded goodwill of $31.1 million related to the full service center-based care 

63

segment, which will not be deductible for tax purposes, and intangible assets of $3.8 million, consisting 
primarily of customer relationships that will be amortized over five years. The Company also acquired a 
working capital deficit of $1.8 million, including cash of $2.8 million, fixed assets of $9.8 million, and deferred 
tax liabilities of $0.7 million. 

Our acquisitions of Hildebrandt Learning Centers, LLC and Active Learning Childcare Limited 
contributed approximately $29.6 million of incremental revenue in the year ended December 31, 2015.

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company also acquired four additional centers in the 

United States and four additional centers in the United Kingdom, in six separate business acquisitions which 
were each accounted for as business combinations. The centers were acquired for cash consideration of $20.5 
million and contingent consideration of $0.8 million, net of cash acquired of $0.3 million. The company 
recorded goodwill of $18.5 million related to the full service center-based care segment, a portion of which will 
be deductible for tax purposes. Intangible assets of $2.7 million, consisting primarily of customer relationships 
that will be amortized over five years, were also recorded in relation to these acquisitions. 

The allocation of purchase price consideration is based on preliminary estimates of fair value; such 
estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the 
acquisition date) as the Company gathers additional information regarding the assets acquired and the liabilities 
assumed. The operating results for the acquired businesses are included in the consolidated results of operations 
from the dates of acquisition, which were not material to the Company's financial results. 

2014 Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company acquired two businesses that operate five centers 

in the United States for cash consideration of $13.2 million, which were accounted for as business 
combinations.  The Company recorded goodwill of $11.1 million related to the full service center-based care 
segment, which will be deductible for tax purposes. Intangible assets of $2.1 million, consisting primarily of 
customer relationships, fixed assets of $0.9 million, and a working capital deficit of $0.9 million were also 
recorded in relation to these acquisitions. The purchase price for these acquisitions have been allocated based on 
estimates of the fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at the date of acquisition. 

2013 Acquisitions

Children’s Choice Learning Centers, Inc.

On July 22, 2013, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Children’s Choice Learning 

Centers, Inc., an operator of 49 employer-sponsored child care centers throughout the United States, for cash 
consideration of $50.8 million, inclusive of certain adjustments. The purchase price was financed with available 
cash on hand and funds available under the Company’s revolving credit facility, which were repaid in the fourth 
quarter of 2013. The Company incurred deal costs of approximately $1.7 million for this transaction in 2013, 
which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

64

The purchase price for this acquisition has been allocated based on estimates of the fair values of the 

acquired assets and assumed liabilities at the date of the acquisition as follows (in thousands): 

At acquisition date As
reported September
30, 2013

Measurement
Period
Adjustments

At acquisition date As
reported September
30, 2014

Accounts receivable

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Fixed assets

Intangible assets

Goodwill

     Total assets acquired

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Deferred revenue and parent deposits
     Total liabilities assumed

     Purchase price

$

$

$

981

334

5,637

12,800

38,818

58,570
(3,441)
(885)
(4,326)
54,244

$

(126) $
411

535
(1,190)
(1,086)
(1,456)
(2,018)
18
(2,000)
(3,456) $

855

745

6,172

11,610

37,732

57,114
(5,459)
(867)
(6,326)
50,788

The Company recorded adjustments to the purchase accounting during the measurement period including 

an adjustment for the final settlement of working capital which reduced goodwill by $3.5 million. This 
reduction to goodwill was offset by an increase of $1.2 million for taxes payable recorded during the third 
quarter of 2014.  The Company received cash proceeds of $3.5 million related to working capital settlements for 
this acquisition, of which $0.9 million was received in 2014.

The Company recorded goodwill of $37.7 million, which will be deductible for tax purposes as permitted 
under federal tax rules. Goodwill related to this acquisition is reported within the full service center-based care 
segment.  Intangible assets consist primarily of $11.3 million of customer relationships that will be amortized 
over approximately eleven years.

Kidsunlimited Group Limited

On April 10, 2013, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement with Lloyds Development 

Capital (Holdings) Limited and Kidsunlimited Group Limited pursuant to which it acquired 100% of 
Kidsunlimited, an operator of 64 nurseries throughout the United Kingdom, for cash consideration of $68.9 
million, inclusive of certain adjustments. The purchase price was financed with available cash on hand. The 
Company incurred deal costs of approximately $1.9 million for this transaction in 2013, which are included in 
selling, general and administrative expenses.

65

The purchase price for this acquisition has been allocated based on estimates of the fair values of the 

acquired assets and assumed liabilities at the date of acquisition as follows (in thousands):

At acquisition date
As reported
June 30, 2013

Measuremen
t Period
Adjustments

At acquisition date
As reported
March 31, 2014

Cash

Accounts receivable

$

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Fixed assets

Favorable leases

Intangible assets

Goodwill

    Total assets acquired

Accounts payable and accrued
expenses

Unfavorable leases

Deferred revenue

Other current liabilities

Deferred taxes

     Total liabilities assumed

4,888

1,809

2,509

13,901

—

17,442

55,349

95,898

(9,450)

(1,759)

(12,853)

—

(2,735)

(26,797)

$

— $

—

—
(192)
2,892

765
(2,372)
1,093

3,798
(5,325)
8,378
(8,378)
245
(1,282)

     Purchase price

$

69,101

$

(189) $

4,888

1,809

2,509

13,709

2,892

18,207

52,977

96,991

(5,652)
(7,084)
(4,475)
(8,378)
(2,490)
(28,079)
68,912

The Company recorded goodwill of $53.0 million, which will not be deductible for tax purposes. 
Goodwill related to this acquisition is reported within the full service center-based care segment.  Intangible 
assets consist primarily of $15.9 million of customer relationships that will be amortized over approximately 
eight years. A deferred tax liability of $4.0 million was recorded related to the intangible assets for which the 
amortization is not deductible for tax purposes.

Other 2013 Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company also acquired two businesses for aggregate cash 

consideration of $6.9 million, net of cash acquired of $2.7 million. The Company recorded goodwill of $4.5 
million, of which $3.2 million relates to the other educational advisory services segment and $1.3 million 
relates to the full service center-based care segment. Goodwill will not be deductible for tax purposes. 
Intangible assets of $3.3 million, consisting of customer relationships and trade names, fixed assets of $1.9 
million, and working capital of $1.3 million were also recorded in relation to these acquisitions. The Company 
received cash proceeds of $0.1 million in 2014 related to working capital settlements for one of these 
acquisitions.

66

Pro Forma Information

The operating results for each of the acquisitions are included in the consolidated results of operations 

from the respective dates of acquisition. The following table presents consolidated pro forma information as if 
the acquisitions of Children's Choice Learning Centers, Inc. and Kidsunlimited had occurred on January 1, 2012 
(in thousands); 

Revenue

Net income attributable to Bright Horizons Family Solutions, Inc.

Pro forma (Unaudited)
Year ended December 31,
2013

$

$

1,260,453

16,226

The unaudited pro forma results reflect certain adjustments related to the acquisitions, such as increased 

amortization expense related to the acquired intangible assets. Nonrecurring deal costs that were incurred by the 
Company and the acquired businesses in relation to the respective acquisitions, totaling $6.2 million, were 
excluded from the pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2013.

These acquired businesses contributed total revenues of $71.6 million in the year ended December 31, 
2013. The Company has also determined that the presentation of net income for each of those acquisitions, from 
the date of acquisition, is impracticable due to the integration of the operations upon acquisition.

3. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Prepaid rent and other occupancy costs
Prepaid income taxes
Prepaid workers compensation claims
Reimbursable costs
Prepaid insurance
Other prepaid expenses and current assets

December 31,

2015

2014

12,165
12,569
5,385
2,450
2,097
9,213
43,879

$

$

10,672
4,427
11,092
2,784
1,917
8,255
39,147

$

$

Under the terms of the Company’s workers compensation policy, the Company is required to make 

advances to its insurance carrier pertaining to estimated claims for all open plan years.

67

4. FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

Buildings

Furniture, equipment and software

Leasehold improvements
Land

Total fixed assets

Accumulated depreciation

Fixed assets, net

Estimated useful lives

2015

2014

December 31,

(Years)
20 – 40

3 – 10

Shorter of the lease term
or the estimated useful life

—

$

140,177

$

159,433

318,852

53,050

671,512
(241,776)
429,736

$

$

131,767

144,040

271,757

50,604

598,168
(199,221)
398,947

Fixed assets include construction in progress of $17.8 million and $11.8 million at December 31, 2015 
and 2014, respectively, which was primarily comprised of leasehold improvements.  The Company recorded 
depreciation expense of $50.7 million, $48.4 million and $42.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 
2014, and 2013, respectively.

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2013

Additions from acquisitions

Adjustments to prior year acquisitions

Effect of foreign currency translation

Balance at December 31, 2014

Additions from acquisitions

Adjustments to prior year acquisitions

Effect of foreign currency translation

Balance at December 31, 2015

Full service
center-based
care
$ 912,134

Back-up
dependent
care
$ 160,145

Other
educational
advisory
services

$

24,004

11,087

902
(11,080)
913,043

62,838
(15)
(10,752)
$ 965,114

—

—
(1,251)
158,894

—

—

—

—
(203)
—

23,801

—

—

—

$ 158,894

$

23,801

Total
$ 1,096,283

11,087

699
(12,331)
1,095,738

62,838
(15)
(10,752)
$ 1,147,809

68

The Company also has intangible assets, which consist of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014 

(in thousands):

Weighted average
amortization period

Cost

Accumulated
amortization

Net carrying
amount

December 31, 2015:
Definite-lived intangibles:

Customer relationships

Trade names

Non-compete agreements

Indefinite-lived intangibles:

Trade names

December 31, 2014:
Definite-lived intangibles:

Customer relationships

Trade names

Non-compete agreements

Indefinite-lived intangibles:

Trade names

14 years

$ 410,205

8 years

5 years

6,046

53

416,304

$ (207,257) $ 202,948
3,298

(2,748)
(48)
(210,053)

5

206,251

N/A

183,080

$ 599,384

—

183,080
$ (210,053) $ 389,331

Weighted average
amortization period

Cost

Accumulated
amortization

Net carrying
amount

15 years

$ 400,097

8 years

5 years

5,772

54

405,923

$ (180,900) $ 219,197
3,595

(2,177)
(44)
(183,121)

10

222,802

N/A

183,447

$ 589,370

—

183,447
$ (183,121) $ 406,249

On an annual basis or if an indicator of impairment exists, indefinite lived trade names are subject to an 
evaluation of the remaining useful life to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support an 
indefinite useful life, as well as testing for impairment.

The Company recorded amortization expense of $28.0 million, $29.0 million and $30.1 million in the 

years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively.

The Company estimates that it will record amortization expense related to intangible assets existing as of 

December 31, 2015 as follows over the next five years (in thousands):

2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

69

Estimated
amortization
expense

$
$
$
$
$

27,922
26,231
24,903
24,099
23,708

6. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and employee benefits
Accrued insurance
Accrued occupancy costs
Accrued professional fees
Accrued interest
Other accrued expenses

7. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

Customer amounts on deposit
Deferred rent and other occupancy costs
Income taxes payable
Unfavorable leases
Other liabilities

8. OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

Other long-term liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

Liabilities for workers compensation claims
Customer amounts on deposit
Liability for unvested restricted stock
Liability for uncertain tax positions
Other liabilities

December 31,

2015

2014

26,944
46,705
6,819
3,541
2,575
869
27,323
114,776

$

$

12,784
59,364
16,154
3,121
2,169
1,004
21,829
116,425

December 31,

2015

2014

12,395
3,438
1,916
776
1,209
19,734

$

$

10,477
2,847
4,802
658
1,616
20,400

December 31,

2015

2014

18,363
12,071
8,573
545
4,630
44,182

$

$

3,400
9,199
4,709
1,594
4,499
23,401

$

$

$

$

$

$

70

9. CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS AND DEBT OBLIGATIONS 

As of December 31, 2015, the Company's $1.1 billion senior credit facilities consisted of $955.0 million 

in secured term loan facilities and a $100.0 million revolving credit facility.  In conjunction with a debt 
refinancing in January 2013, $790.0 million in senior secured term loans were issued, with the subsequent 
issuance of $165.0 million in additional term loans in December 2014.  The term loans mature on January 30, 
2020 and require quarterly principal payments of $2.4 million, with the remaining principal balance due on 
January 30, 2020. Outstanding term loan borrowings were as follows at December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in 
thousands):

Term loans
Deferred financing costs and original issue discount

Total debt

Less current maturities
Long-term debt

December 31,

2015
929,650
(14,439)
915,211
9,550
905,661

$

$

2014
939,200
(18,023)
921,177
9,550
911,627

$

$

At December 31, 2015, the revolving credit facility had a maturity of January 30, 2018 and there were 

borrowings outstanding of $24.0 million, with $76.0 million of the revolving credit facility available for 
borrowings. There were no borrowings outstanding on the revolving credit facility at December 31, 2014 with 
the full facility available for borrowings. On January 26, 2016, the Company amended its existing credit 
agreement to increase the revolving credit facility from $100.0 million to $225.0 million, to extend the maturity 
date on the revolving credit facility from January 30, 2018 to July 31, 2019, and to modify the interest rate 
applicable to borrowings. 

All borrowings under the credit agreement are subject to variable interest rates.  Borrowings under the 

term loan facility bear interest at a rate per annum ranging from 1.75% to 2.5% over the Base Rate or 2.75% to 
3.5% over the Eurocurrency Rate defined in the credit agreement. As of December 31, 2015 borrowings under 
our revolving facility bore interest at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% over the Base Rate or 2.75% over the 
Eurocurrency Rate. The Base Rate is the highest of (1) the prime rate of Goldman Sachs Bank USA, (2) the 
federal funds effective rate plus 0.5% and (3) the Eurocurrency Rate with a one month interest period plus 
1.0%. The Eurocurrency Rate option is the one, two, three or six month LIBOR rate, as selected by the 
Borrower, or, with the approval of the applicable lenders, the nine, twelve or less than one month LIBOR rate. 
The Base Rate is subject to an interest rate floor of 2.0% and the Eurocurrency Rate is subject to an interest rate 
floor of 1.0%, both only with respect to the term loan facility. In addition, the unused portion of the revolving 
credit facility is subject to a commitment fee per annum ranging from 0.375% to 0.500%. On January 26, 2016, 
the Company amended its existing credit agreement to increase the revolving credit facility and to extend the 
maturity date on the revolving credit facility as noted above, and to modify the interest rate applicable to 
borrowings under the revolving credit facility from 1.75% over the Base Rate to a range of 1.25% to 1.75% 
over the Base Rate, or 2.25% to 2.75% over the Eurocurrency Rate. 

The effective interest rate for the term loans was 4.1% and 3.8% at December 31, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively, and the weighted average interest rate for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was 4.1% 
and 3.9%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for the revolving credit facility was 3.8% and 5.0% 
for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

All obligations under the senior secured credit facilities are secured by substantially all the assets of the 
Company’s U.S.-based subsidiaries. The senior secured credit facilities contain certain customary affirmative 
covenants and other covenants that, among other things, may restrict the ability of Bright Horizons Family 
Solutions LLC ("BHFS LLC"), our wholly-owned subsidiary, and its restricted subsidiaries, to: incur certain 
liens; make investments, loans, advances and acquisitions; incur additional indebtedness or guarantees; engage 
in transactions with affiliates; sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; alter the business 

71

 
conducted; enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and, consolidate or 
merge.

The revolving credit facility requires BHFS LLC, the borrower, and its restricted subsidiaries to comply 

with a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio financial maintenance covenant, to be tested only if, 
on the last day of each fiscal quarter, the amount of revolving loans and swingline loans outstanding under the 
revolving credit facility exceed 25% of the revolving commitments on such date.

The Company incurred financing fees of $14.2 million and original issue discount costs of $9.6 million in 

connection with the 2013 and 2014 debt refinancing. These fees are being amortized over the terms of the 
related debt instruments and amortization expense is included in interest expense.  Amortization expense of 
deferred financing costs was $2.2 million, $1.9 million, and $1.7 million in the years ended December 31, 2015, 
2014, and 2013, respectively. Amortization expense of original issuance discount costs was $1.4 million, $1.1 
million, and $1.0 million in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. 

10. REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST 

In July 2011, the Company acquired a 63% ownership interest of a company in the Netherlands.  The 
Company acquired the remaining 37% interest by acquiring 18.5% in November 2012 and the remaining 18.5% 
on December 31, 2013.

The operating results of the company in the Netherlands are included in the Company’s consolidated 
results of operations with the non-controlling interest and the net income attributable to the Company presented 
separately as applicable from the date of acquisition. 

In connection with the initial acquisition, the Company entered into put and call option agreements with 
the minority shareholders for the purchase of the non-controlling interest based on a contractually determined 
formula. As a result of the option agreements, the non-controlling interest was considered redeemable and was 
classified as temporary equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The minority ownership interest by 
the previous owners was presented as redeemable non-controlling interest on the consolidated balance sheet in 
the periods prior to the acquisition of the remaining interest on December 31, 2013. The redeemable non-
controlling interest was measured at fair value at the date of acquisition and was reviewed at each subsequent 
reporting period and adjusted, as needed, to reflect its then redemption value. No adjustments were recorded.

The acquisition by the Company of 18.5% interest on November 23, 2012 for $3.9 million and of the 

remaining 18.5% interest on December 31, 2013 for $4.1 million was treated as an equity transaction and the 
difference between the acquisition price and carrying value of the redeemable non-controlling interest was 
recorded as an adjustment to additional paid in capital. The accumulated other comprehensive income 
associated with the additional acquired interest was also recorded as equity of the Company.

72

11. INCOME TAXES

Income (loss) before income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):

United States
Foreign

Total

Years ended December 31,

2015
134,611
5,545
140,156

$

$

2014
110,585
1,729
112,314

$

$

$

$

2013

5,109
(298)
4,811

Income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following (in thousands):

Current tax expense (benefit)

Federal
State
Foreign

Deferred tax (benefit) expense

Federal
State
Foreign

Income tax expense (benefit)

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

$

29,236
8,723
9,028
46,987

(11,014)
6,776
3,480
(758)
46,229

$

$

$

45,628
8,753
(726)
53,655

(10,497)
(948)
(1,931)
(13,376)
40,279

$

10,546
591
(5,260)
5,877

(9,080)
(1,179)
(3,151)
(13,410)
(7,533)

The following is a reconciliation of the U.S. Federal statutory rate to the effective rate on pretax income 

(in thousands):

Federal tax expense computed at statutory rate
State tax expense (benefit), net of federal tax
Valuation allowance, net
Intercompany interest
Permanent differences and other, net
Change in tax rate
Change to uncertain tax positions, net
Foreign rate differential

Income tax expense (benefit)

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

$

49,055
5,849
(185)
(6,919)
(901)
319
(333)
(656)
46,229

$

$

39,310
5,121
245
—
277
(134)
(1,523)
(3,017)
40,279

$

$

1,684
(193)
3
—
(234)
(94)
(4,850)
(3,849)
(7,533)

73

Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax liability are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred tax assets:

Reserve on assets
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards
Liabilities not yet deductible
Deferred revenue
Stock-based compensation
Depreciation
Other

Valuation allowance

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets
Depreciation

Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax liability

December 31,

2015

2014

$

566
1,281
33,438
2,418
12,277
53
934
50,967
(1,111)
49,856

466
1,659
28,045
2,724
10,964
73
1,386
45,317
(1,296)
44,021

(144,402)
(18,554)
(162,956)
(113,100) $

(143,732)
(13,686)
(157,418)
(113,397)

$

$

The Company has chosen early adoption of the ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred 
Taxes, and applied the guidance prospectively which requires that all deferred assets and liabilities, along with 
any related valuation allowance, be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. The prior period balance 
sheets were not retrospectively adjusted. Amounts for 2014 in the table above have been conformed to the 2015 
presentation.  

During 2015, the overall deferred tax liability has decreased slightly, primarily due to the book to tax 
difference in the treatment of amortization of intangible assets, depreciation and stock-based compensation.

The Company has foreign net operating losses of $8.6 million and has recorded an associated deferred tax 

asset totaling $1.4 million.  Deferred tax assets associated with federal and state net operating losses total $0.1 
million.  The net operating losses in foreign jurisdictions will begin to expire in 2023 or can be carried forward 
indefinitely.  The net operating losses in the United States have expiration dates through 2035.  In jurisdictions 
in which the Company has not had a history of profitability, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of 
$1.1 million associated with foreign net deferred tax assets.  During 2015, the valuation allowance decreased 
$0.2 million. 

We consider the earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United 
States on the basis of estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic 
cash needs and our specific plans for reinvestment of those subsidiary earnings. We have not recorded a 
deferred tax liability of approximately $6.4 million related to the U.S. federal and state income taxes and 
foreign withholding taxes on approximately $46.4 million of cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign 
subsidiaries indefinitely invested outside the United States. Should we decide to repatriate the foreign earnings, 
we would need to adjust our income tax provision in the period we determined that the earnings will no longer 
be indefinitely invested outside the United States.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company follows the authoritative guidance relating to the accounting for uncertainty in income 

taxes. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than 
not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits 

74

of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position should 
be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon 
ultimate settlement.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in 

thousands):

Beginning balance

Additions for tax positions of prior years
Additions for tax positions of current year
Settlements
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
Lapses of statutes of limitations
Effect of foreign currency adjustments

Ending balance

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

713
353
353
(50)
—
(663)
—
706

$

$

2,034
—
—
—
(490)
(831)
—
713

$

$

7,412
540
—
(1,110)
(4,108)
(712)
12
2,034

$

$

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax 

expense. The Company’s current provision for income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 
included no interest and penalties. The years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 included less than $0.1 
million of interest and penalties related to tax positions of the Company.  There was no liability for total interest 
and penalties at December 31, 2015, and at December 31, 2014, the interest and penalties were $0.9 million and 
were included in other long-term liabilities.  During 2015, the Company recorded an unrecognized tax benefit 
for a foreign subsidiary's tax position. Reductions also were recorded due to the lapse in the statute of 
limitations for prior tax filings and agreements on audits. 

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would affect the Company’s effective tax 

rate is $0.7 million.  The Company expects the unrecognized tax benefits to change over the next 12 months if 
certain tax matters ultimately settle with the applicable taxing jurisdiction during this time frame, or if 
applicable statutes of limitations lapse.  The impact of the amount of such changes to previously recorded 
uncertain tax positions could range from zero to $0.7 million.

The Company and its domestic subsidiaries are subject to U.S. Federal income tax as well as multiple 
state jurisdictions. U.S. Federal income tax returns are typically subject to examination by the Internal Revenue 
Service (IRS) and the statute of limitations for Federal income tax returns is three years. The Company’s filings 
for 2012 through 2015 are subject to audit based upon the Federal statute of limitations. An audit of a 
subsidiary's filing for 2013 began in the second quarter of 2015 and  is expected to be settled in 2016.

State income tax returns are generally subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing 

of the respective return. The state impact of any Federal changes remains subject to examination by various 
states for a period of up to one year after formal notification to the states. There were no significant settlements 
of state audits during 2015. As of December 31, 2015, there were two income tax audits in process and the tax 
years from 2010 to 2015 are subject to audit.

The Company is also subject to corporate income tax at its subsidiaries located in the United Kingdom, 

the Netherlands, India, Canada, Ireland, and Puerto Rico. The tax returns for the Company’s subsidiaries located 
in foreign jurisdictions are subject to examination for periods ranging from one to seven years.

75

12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Preferred Stock

The Company authorized 25 million shares of undesignated preferred stock in 2013 for issuance, of which 

none were issued in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company’s board of directors has the 
authority, without further action by stockholders, to issue up to 25 million shares of preferred stock in one or 
more series. The Company’s board of directors may designate the rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions 
of the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, 
liquidation preference, and number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. The 
issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of restricting dividends on the Company’s common stock, 
diluting the voting power of its common stock, impairing the liquidation rights of its common stock, or delaying 
or preventing a change in control. The ability to issue preferred stock could delay or impede a change in control. 
As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.

Treasury Stock

On February 4, 2015, the board of directors of the Company approved a $250.0 million repurchase 

program of its common stock.  The repurchase program has no expiration date and replaces the prior 2014 
authorization. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 2.2 million shares for 
$128.1 million, including a total of 2.1 million shares that were purchased from investment funds affiliated with 
the Sponsor in secondary offerings that commenced May 27, 2015, August 10, 2015, and November 18, 2015.  
At December 31, 2015, $121.9 million remained outstanding under the repurchase program.

On March 28, 2014, the board of directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $225.0 

million of its common stock.  Under this authorization, the Company repurchased a total of 5.0 million shares 
for $221.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2014, including 4.5 million shares that were purchased from 
investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor in conjunction with the sale of 8.0 million shares through an 
underwritten secondary offering that commenced on December 10,  2014. 

There were no stock repurchases during the year ended December 31, 2013. The Company accounts for 

treasury stock under the cost method. All repurchased shares have been retired.

Equity Incentive Plan

The Company has the 2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "Plan”), which became effective on 
January 24, 2013, and allows for the issuance of equity awards of up to 5 million shares of common stock.  As 
of December 31, 2015, there were approximately 2.9 million shares of common stock available for grant.  Stock 
options granted under the Plan are subject to a service condition and expire in seven years from date of grant or 
termination of the holder’s employment with the Company, unless such termination was due to death, disability 
or retirement, unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the Plan. The majority of the options have a 
requisite service period of five years, with 60% of the options vesting on the third anniversary of the date of 
grant and 20% vesting on each of the fourth and fifth anniversaries.

The Company also had an incentive compensation plan (the “2008 Equity Incentive Plan”) which, as 
amended in March 2012, was authorized to issue 150,000 shares of Class L common stock and 1.5 million 
shares of Class A common stock.  No additional options will be granted under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan. 
However, all outstanding options continue to be governed by their existing terms.

On January 11, 2013, the Company effected a 1–for–1.9704 reverse split of its Class A common stock. 

Therefore, all previously reported options to purchase Class A shares and the related exercise prices in the 
accompanying financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse 
stock split. 

In addition, on January 11, 2013, the Company converted each share of its Class L common stock into 
35.1955 shares of Class A common stock, and, immediately following the conversion of its Class L common 
stock, reclassified those shares, as well as all outstanding shares of Class A common stock, into common stock. 

76

All outstanding options to purchase Class L common stock have been converted into options to acquire 
common stock using the 35.1955 conversion ratio with a corresponding adjustment to the exercise price.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognized the impact of stock-based compensation in its consolidated statements of 
income for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 and did not capitalize any amounts on the 
consolidated balance sheets. In the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded stock-
based compensation expense of $9.2 million and $7.9 million, respectively, of which $8.7 million and $7.3 
million were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, and $0.5 million and $0.6 
million in cost of services, respectively, in the consolidated statements of income in relation to all awards 
granted under the equity incentive plans. In the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded stock-
based compensation expense of $10.7 million in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated 
statement of income. Stock-based compensation expense generated an income tax benefit of $3.7 million, $3.2 
million, and $4.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively.

The stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes $5.0 million 

associated with options to purchase 1.3 million shares of common stock that had been issued under the 2008 
Equity Incentive Plan, which vested upon the effectiveness of the Offering on January 24, 2013. 

There were no share-based liabilities paid during the period.  As of December 31, 2015, there was $13.5 

million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share-based compensation 
arrangements granted under the Plan. That expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining requisite 
service period. The weighted average remaining requisite service period was approximately two years at 
December 31, 2015.

Stock Options

The fair value of each stock option of common stock granted was estimated on the date of grant using the 

Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following weighted average assumptions:

Expected dividend yield

Expected stock price volatility

Risk free interest rate

Expected life of options (years)

Weighted average fair value per share of options granted during the period

Years ended December 31,

2015
0.0%

2014
0.0%

2013
0.0%

30.0% 30.0% 44.3%

1.5%

1.8%

1.0%

5.3

5.3

5.3

$15.37

$11.36

$10.24

The expected dividend yield was based on the Company’s expectation of not paying dividends in the 

foreseeable future. Since the Company completed its initial public offering in January 2013, it does not have 
sufficient history as a publicly traded company to evaluate its volatility factor. As such, the expected stock price 
volatility is based upon the historical volatility of the stock price over the expected life of the options of the 
Company and that of peer companies that are publicly traded. The risk free interest rate was based on the U.S. 
Treasury rates for U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with maturities similar to those of the expected term of the 
awards being valued. For grants issued during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, the 
expected life of the options was calculated using the simplified method. The simplified method defines the life 
as the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted average vesting period for all option 
tranches. This methodology was utilized due to the short length of time our common stock has been publicly 
traded.

77

The table below reflects stock option activity under the Company’s equity plan for the year ended 

December 31, 2015.

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life in
Years
5.6

Outstanding at January 1, 2015

Granted

Exercised

Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

Exercisable at December 31, 2015

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2015

4.9

4.4
4.9

Number
of
Options
4,152,617

481,700
(694,381)
(121,358)
3,818,578

1,778,285
3,670,606

$

$

$
$

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(In  millions)

20.24

51.26

14.13

38.69

24.68

14.41
24.03

$

$
$

160.9

93.2
157.0

The fair value (pre-tax) of options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 

were $2.3 million, $3.9 million, and $9.1 million, respectively. The intrinsic value of options exercised during 
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 were $28.9 million, $32.3 million, and $15.4 million, 
respectively. 

Cash received by the Company from the exercise of stock options for the years ended December 31, 2015, 

2014, and 2013 was $9.8 million, $17.4 million, and $11.0 million, respectively. Income tax benefits realized 
from the exercise of stock options in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 were $11.6 million, 
$12.9 million, and $8.2 million, respectively, inclusive of the excess tax benefits realized of $9.4 million, $9.1 
million, and $5.9 million in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively.

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock awards are granted to certain senior managers at the discretion of the board of directors 

as allowed under the Plan. Restricted stock awards vest on the earliest of the third anniversary of the grant date, 
a change of control of the Company, and the termination of employment by reason of death or disability, and are 
accounted for as nonvested stock. Restricted stock is sold for a price equal to 50% of the fair value of the stock 
at the date of grant.  Proceeds from the issuance of restricted stock are recorded as other liabilities in the 
consolidated balance sheet until the earlier of vesting or forfeiture of the awards. The unvested shares of 
restricted stock participate equally in dividends with common stock. Restricted stock is considered legally 
issued at the date of grant but is not considered common stock issued and outstanding in accordance with 
accounting guidance until the requisite service period is fulfilled. All outstanding shares of restricted stock are 
expected to vest. Cash proceeds from the issuance of restricted stock for the years ended December 31, 2015 
and 2014 were $3.9 million and $4.7 million, respectively. No restricted stock awards were granted in 2013. 

Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock awards is calculated based on the fair value of the 

award on the date of grant, which is recognized on a straight line basis over the requisite service period. The 
Company's stock-based compensation expense recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses in the 
consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 included $2.9 million and 
$1.6 million, respectively, for restricted stock awards. As of December 31, 2015, total unrecognized 
compensation expense included $4.1 million related to unvested restricted stock, which is expected to be 
recognized over the weighted average remaining requisite service period of approximately two years.

78

The table below reflects restricted stock activity under the Company’s equity plan for the year ended 

December 31, 2015.

Nonvested restricted stock shares at January 1, 2015

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Number of
Shares

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(In millions)

259,525

$

163,200

—

—

18.15

23.68

—

—

Nonvested restricted stock shares at December 31, 2015

422,725

$

20.28

$

19.7

Restricted stock units are awarded to members of the board of directors as allowed under the Plan.  The 

awards allow for the issuance of a share of the Company's common stock for each vested unit upon the earliest 
of termination of service as a member of the board of directors or five years after the date of the award. During 
the year ended December 31, 2015, 9,000 restricted stock units were awarded at a weighted average fair value 
of $53.18. During the year ended December 31, 2014, 6,066 restricted stock units were awarded at a weighted 
average fair value of $39.58. At December 31, 2015, there were 15,066 restricted stock units outstanding, with 
an intrinsic value of $0.8 million, which vested upon award. 

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common shares 
outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average common 
shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. 

Earnings per share is calculated using the two-class method, which requires the allocation of earnings to 

each class of common stock outstanding and to unvested share-based payment awards that participate in 
dividends with common stock, also referred to herein as unvested participating shares.  

The Company's unvested stock-based payment awards include unvested shares awarded as restricted 
stock awards at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors.  The restricted stock awards generally vest 
at the end of three years.  The unvested shares participate equally in dividends. See Note 12 for a discussion of 
the current year unvested stock awards and issuances. 

79

 
Earnings per Share - Basic

The following table sets forth the computation of earnings per share using the two-class method (in 

thousands, except share and per share amounts): 

Basic earnings per share:
Net income

Allocation of net income to common shareholders:
Common stock
Unvested participating shares

Weighted average number of common shares:
Common stock
Unvested participating shares

Earnings per common share:
Common stock

Earnings per Share - Diluted

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

93,927

$

72,035

$

12,623

93,287
640
93,927

$

$

71,755
280
72,035

$

$

12,623
—
12,623

$

$

$

60,835,574
417,285

65,612,572
255,920

62,659,264
—

$

1.53

$

1.09

$

0.20

The Company calculates diluted earnings per share for common stock using the more dilutive of (1) the 
treasury stock method, or (2) the two-class method. The following table sets forth the computation of diluted 
earnings per share using the two-class method (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): 

Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings allocated to common stock

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

93,287

$

71,755

$

12,623

Plus earnings allocated to unvested participating shares

Less adjusted earnings allocated to unvested participating shares
Earnings allocated to common stock

$

640
(624)
93,303

$

280
(274)
71,761

—

—

$

12,623

Weighted average number of common shares:
Common stock
Effect of dilutive securities

Earnings per common share:
Common stock

60,835,574
1,525,204
62,360,778

65,612,572
1,631,600
67,244,172

62,659,264
1,849,772
64,509,036

$

1.50

$

1.07

$

0.20

Options outstanding to purchase 0.2 million, 0.7 million and 0.1 million shares of common stock were 

excluded from diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively, 
since their effect was anti-dilutive, which may be dilutive in the future. 

80

14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

The Company leases various office equipment, child care and early education center facilities and office 

space under non-cancelable operating leases. Most of the leases expire within 10 and 15 years and many contain 
renewal options for various periods. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 
totaled $97.3 million, $88.7 million and $76.8 million, respectively.

Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2015 are as follows 

for the years ending December 31 (in thousands):

2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Thereafter

Total future minimum lease payments

Long-Term Debt

$

$

89,547
84,984
80,739
75,045
71,080
441,583
842,978

Future minimum payments of long-term debt are as follows for the years ending December 31 (in 

thousands):

2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

Total future principal payments

Overdraft Facilities

$

$

9,550
9,550
9,550
9,550
891,450
929,650

The Company’s subsidiaries in the United Kingdom maintain an overdraft facility with a U.K. bank to 
support local short-term working capital requirements. The overdraft facility is repayable upon demand from the 
U.K. bank. The facility provides maximum borrowings of £0.3 million (approximately $0.4 million at 
December 31, 2015) and is secured by a cross guarantee by and among the Company’s subsidiaries in the 
United Kingdom and a right of offset against all accounts maintained by the subsidiaries at the lending bank. 
The overdraft facility bears interest at the U.K. bank’s base rate plus 2.15%. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, 
there were no amounts outstanding under the overdraft facility.

The Company’s subsidiary in the Netherlands maintained a multi-purpose revolving credit facility with a 
Dutch bank to support working capital, letter of credit requirements, and the construction and fitting out of new 
child care centers. The facility was secured by a right of offset against all accounts maintained at the lending 
bank and by an additional pledge of certain equipment.  The €2.2 million facility was terminated in December 
2014.  The weighted average interest rate for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 5.53%. 

Letters of Credit

The Company has 25 letters of credit outstanding used to guarantee certain rent payments for up to $1.0 

million. These letters of credit are guaranteed by cash deposits. No amounts have been drawn against these 
letters of credit.

81

Litigation

The Company is a defendant in certain legal matters in the ordinary course of business. Management 
believes the resolution of such pending legal matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial 
condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Insurance and Regulatory

The Company self-insures a portion of its medical insurance plans and has a high deductible workers’ 

compensation plan. Management believes that the amounts accrued for these obligations are sufficient and that 
ultimate settlement of such claims or costs associated with claims made under these plans will not have a 
material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The Company’s child care and early education centers are subject to numerous federal, state and local 

regulations and licensing requirements. Failure of a center to comply with applicable regulations can subject it 
to governmental sanctions, which could require expenditures by the Company to bring its child care and early 
education centers into compliance.

15. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company maintains a 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) for all eligible employees. 

To be eligible for the 401(k) Plan, an employee must be at least 20.5 years of age and have completed their 
eligibility period of 60 days and 160 hours of service from date of hire. If they do not meet the 160 hours of 
service requirement, they may be eligible at 12 months provided they have reached 1,000 hours of service from 
date of hire. The 401(k) Plan is funded by elective employee contributions of up to 50% of their compensation, 
subject to certain limitations. Under the 401(k) Plan, the Company matches 25% of employee contributions for 
each participant up to 8% of the employee’s compensation after one year of service. Expense under the plan, 
consisting of Company contributions and plan administrative expenses paid by the Company, totaled 
approximately $2.5 million, $2.3 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 
2013, respectively.

The Company maintains a Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “NQDC Plan”) for all eligible 
employees.  Eligible employees are employees who have capped contribution levels in our existing 401(k) Plan 
due to the thresholds dictated by the IRS definition of “highly compensated” employees, as well as other 
employees at the discretion of the Bright Horizons Family Solutions Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan 
Committee.  The NQDC Plan is funded by elective employee contributions of up to 50% of their compensation. 
Under the NQDC Plan, the Company matches 25% of employee contributions for each participant up to $2,500. 
The Company records an asset and a corresponding liability on the consolidated balance sheet for the deferred 
compensation plan that were $1.1 million and $1.2 million at December 31, 2015, respectively.  The deferred 
compensation plan asset and liability were both $0.3 million at December 31, 2014.

16. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Bright Horizons work/life services are primarily comprised of full service center-based child care, back-

up dependent care, and other educational advisory services. Full service center-based care includes the 
traditional center-based child care, preschool, and elementary education, which have similar operating 
characteristics and meet the criteria for aggregation. Full service center-based care derives its revenues 
primarily from contractual arrangements with corporate clients and from tuition. The Company’s back-up 
dependent care services consist of center-based back-up child care, in-home care, mildly ill care, and adult/elder 
care. The Company’s other educational advisory services consists of the remaining services, including college 
preparation and admissions counseling, tuition reimbursement program administration, and related consulting 
services, which do not meet the quantitative thresholds for separate disclosure and are not material for segment 
reporting individually or in the aggregate. The Company and its chief operating decision makers evaluate 
performance based on revenues and income from operations.

82

 
The assets and liabilities of the Company are managed centrally and are reported internally in the same 
manner as the consolidated financial statements; therefore, no additional information is produced or included 
herein.

Year ended December 31, 2015
Revenue
Amortization of intangible assets
Income from operations (1)
Year ended December 31, 2014
Revenue
Amortization of intangible assets
Income from operations (2)
Year ended December 31, 2013
Revenue
Amortization of intangible assets
Income from operations (3)

Full service
center-based
care

Back-up
dependent
care

Other
educational
advisory
services

(In thousands)

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,236,762
26,690
115,149

1,156,661
27,696
92,229

1,049,854
29,048
67,287

$

$

$

181,574
725
56,891

162,886
725
49,317

144,432
725
39,710

$

$

$

40,109
574
9,562

33,452
578
5,374

24,490
302
2,037

Total

1,458,445
27,989
181,602

1,352,999
28,999
146,920

1,218,776
30,075
109,034

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

For the year ended December 31, 2015, income from operations includes of $0.9 million of costs 
associated with secondary offerings of common shares and completed acquisitions, all of which is 
allocated to full service center-based care.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, income from operations includes $2.7 million of costs 
associated with secondary offerings of common shares and the amendment to the credit agreement 
completed in November 2014 ($2.4 million to full service center-based care and $0.3 million to back-
up dependent care).

For the year ended December 31, 2013, income from operations includes expenses incurred in 
connection with the Offering completed in January 2013, including a $7.5 million fee for the 
termination of the management agreement with the Sponsor, and $5.0 million for certain stock options 
that vested upon completion of the Offering, allocated on a proportionate basis to each segment, $4.0 
million of acquisition-related expenses related to full-service center-based care and $1.3 million of 
costs associated with secondary offerings of common shares ($15.1 million to full service center-based 
care, $1.9 million to back-up dependent care, and $0.8 million to other educational advisory services).

Revenue and long-lived assets by geographic region are as follows (in thousands):

Revenue
North America
Europe and other
Total Revenue

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

$

1,182,629
275,816
1,458,445

$

$

1,074,951
278,048
1,352,999

$

$

980,537
238,239
1,218,776

83

Long-lived assets
North America
Europe and other
Total long-lived assets

December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

$

308,469
121,267
429,736

$

$

277,971
120,976
398,947

$

$

260,483
130,411
390,894

The classification “North America” is comprised of the Company’s United States, Canada and Puerto 

Rico operations and the classification “Europe and other” includes the Company’s United Kingdom, 
Netherlands, Ireland, and India operations. Revenues in the United States were $1.2 billion in 2015, $1.1 billion 
in 2014, and $975.5 million in 2013. Revenues in the United Kingdom were $238.5 million in 2015, $239.6 
million in 2014, and $204.7 million in 2013. Long-lived assets were $306.6 million, $275.7 million, and $257.8 
million at December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 respectively, in the United States, and $107.8 million, $104.0 
million, and $108.9 million at December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 respectively, in the United Kingdom. 
Revenue and long-lived assets associated with other countries were not material.

17. TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

The Company had a management agreement with the Sponsor which provided for annual payments of 

$2.5 million through May 2018.  In connection with the Offering, the Company and the Sponsor terminated the 
management agreement in exchange for a $7.5 million payment from the Company to the Sponsor, which is 
included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statement of income for the year 
ended December 31, 2013.  

Subsequent to the Offering, on June 19, 2013, March 25, 2014, December 10, 2014, May 27, 2015, 
August 10, 2015, and November 18, 2015, certain of the Company’s shareholders affiliated with the Sponsor 
commenced the sale of 9.8 million, 7.9 million, 8.0 million, 3.0 million, 3.0 million, and 3.65 million shares, 
respectively, of the Company’s common stock in secondary offerings. 

The Company purchased 4.5 million, 1.25 million, 0.7 million, and 0.15 million of the shares sold in the 

December 10, 2014, May 27, 2015, August 10, 2015, and November 18, 2015 secondary offerings, respectively, 
from investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor at the same price per share paid by the underwriter to the 
selling shareholders.  

As of December 31, 2015, investment funds affiliated with the Sponsor hold approximately 27.5% of the 
Company’s common stock. Three members of the Company's board of directors are affiliated with the Sponsor.

18. QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED)

In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial 

statements contain all adjustments which are necessary for a fair presentation of the quarters presented. The 
operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results of any future quarter.

84

Selected quarterly financial information follows for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Revenue

Gross profit

Income from operations

Net income

Allocation of net income to common
stockholders:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

Earnings per share:

Common stock—basic
Common stock—diluted

Revenue

Gross profit

Income from operations

Net income

Allocation of net income to common
stockholders:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

Earnings per share:

Common stock—basic

Common stock—diluted

March 31,
2015

June 30,
2015

September 30,
2015

December 31,
2015

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

$

350,440

$

370,465

$

365,944

$

371,596

86,608

42,841

22,532

22,386

22,390

95,860

52,138

26,919

26,735

26,739

85,384

41,741

20,558

20,415

20,419

$
$

0.36
0.35

$
$

0.44
0.43

$
$

0.34
0.33

$
$

89,903

44,882

23,918

23,751

23,755

0.40
0.39

March 31,
2014

June 30,
2014

September 30,
2014

December 31,
2014

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

$

332,155

$

348,100

$

334,976

$

337,768

77,149

34,011

16,048

15,988

15,990

83,114

42,535

21,714

21,629

21,631

72,861

33,046

15,379

15,319

15,320

$

$

0.24

0.24

$

$

0.33

0.32

$

$

0.23

0.23

$

$

80,478

37,328

18,894

18,819

18,820

0.29

0.28

85

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act that 

are intended to ensure that information that would be required to be disclosed in Exchange Act reports is 
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, 
and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive 
Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision, and with the participation of our management, 
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and 
operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2015.  Based on this evaluation, our 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were 
not effective as of December 31, 2015 due solely to the material weakness in internal control over financial 
reporting described below.

In the course of completing its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 

2014, management identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to 
information technology general controls in the areas of user access and program change management, which 
material weakness has not been remediated as of December 31, 2015 for the reasons described below.  A 
material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, 
such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial 
statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  For additional information regarding the nature 
of this material weakness, see “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” below.  We 
have implemented a number of remediation efforts for this material weakness over the course of 2015 as part of 
a remediation plan, which are described below.

Notwithstanding the identified material weakness and management’s assessment that internal control over 
financial reporting was ineffective as of December 31, 2015, management believes that the audited consolidated 
financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly present, in all material respects, our 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the fiscal years presented in conformity with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Additionally, this material weakness 
did not result in any restatements of the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and disclosures 
for any prior period previously reported by the Company.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control 

over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated 
under the Exchange Act as a process, designed by, or under the supervision of the Company’s principal 
executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and 
other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America. Internal control over financial reporting includes maintaining records 
that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and disposition of assets; providing 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements; 
providing reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with management 
and board authorizations; and providing reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial 
statements. 

86

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide 

absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial statements would be prevented or detected. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. 

Management, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, 
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2015 based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included review 
of the documentation of controls, evaluation of the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operating 
effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation.  Based on the foregoing, management concluded 
that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2015 for the 
reasons described below. 

In the course of completing our assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 

2014, management identified a number of deficiencies related to the design and operating effectiveness of 
information technology (“IT”) general controls for information systems that comprise part of the Company’s 
system of internal control over financial reporting and are relevant to the preparation of our consolidated 
financial statements (such information technology systems are referred to as the “affected IT systems”). These 
deficiencies involve user access controls and program change management controls that are intended to ensure 
that access to financial applications and data is adequately restricted to appropriate personnel, and that changes 
affecting the financial applications and underlying account records are identified, authorized, tested and 
implemented appropriately.  While the Company has implemented a number of remediation efforts over the 
course of 2015 with respect to the identified deficiencies, the Company has not remediated the material 
weakness initially identified in connection with the Company’s assessment of internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2014 because certain of the remediation efforts were implemented later in 2015 
and sufficient testing of their operating effectiveness had not yet occurred as of December 31, 2015. As a result 
of the deficiencies identified, there is a possibility that the effectiveness of business process controls, which are 
dependent on the affected IT systems, or electronic data and financial reports generated from the affected IT 
systems, could be adversely affected.

Throughout 2015, management has been actively engaged in the implementation of a remediation plan to 

ensure that controls contributing to remediation of this material weakness are designed appropriately and will 
operate effectively, and has engaged external IT specialist consultants to advise management on these 
remediation activities. The remediation actions we have taken to date to address the material weakness and to 
improve and strengthen our internal controls include the following:

• 

• 

Improving the design, operation and monitoring of control activities and procedures associated with 
user and administrator access to the affected IT systems, including both preventive and detective 
control activities.
Implementing appropriate program change management control activities, including the installation of 
third party utility tools, to track access, authorizations and history of changes across the affected IT 
systems.

•  Hiring additional information technology personnel and expand the resources in the functional areas 

• 

that support and monitor our IT systems and the information generated therefrom. 
Implementing business process controls that directly mitigate the risks related to the electronic data 
and financial reports generated from the affected IT systems and used in the performance of underlying 
business process controls while remediation is in progress to address the general IT control 
deficiencies.

Management believes the steps taken to date, including the design and implementation of new control 

activities, have improved the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. However, the 

87

material weakness will not be considered remediated until the applicable internal controls operate for a 
sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating 
effectively.  While significant progress has been made throughout 2015 related to the planned remediation 
activities noted above, certain controls were implemented later in 2015, and sufficient testing of the operating 
effectiveness had not yet occurred as of December 31, 2015. Therefore, management concluded that the 
material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting related to information technology general 
controls in the areas of user access and program change management for the affected IT systems had not been 
remediated as of December 31, 2015. 

Management believes that once the new controls have been in operation for a sufficient period of time to 

test such that management can conclude that they are operating effectively, the material weakness will be 
remediated. However, we cannot provide any assurance that these remediation efforts will be successful or that 
our internal control over financial reporting will be effective as a result of these efforts by any particular date.  
In addition, as the Company continues to evaluate and work to improve its internal control over financial 
reporting, management may determine to take additional measures to address control deficiencies or determine 
to modify the remediation plan described above. Management will continue to test and evaluate the 
implementation of these new processes and internal controls during 2016 to ascertain whether they are designed 
and operating effectively to provide reasonable assurance that they will prevent or detect a material error in the 
Company’s financial statements. Subject to the foregoing, management believes these remediation efforts will 
be completed by December 31, 2016.

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, has been audited by Deloitte & 

Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which follows below.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Except as described above under “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial 
Reporting,” there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the three months ended December 31, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to 
materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

88

 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 
Watertown, Massachusetts 

We have audited Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries' (the “Company”) internal control over 
financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The 
Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for 
its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit 
included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a 
material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based 
on that risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe 
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the 
company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and 
effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes 
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial 
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in 
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) 
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of 
the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized 
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of 
collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be 
prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal 
control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, 
such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim 
financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has 
been identified and included in management’s assessment. Management identified a material weakness in 
internal control over financial reporting relating to the design and operating effectiveness of user access and 
program change management controls related to certain information systems that are relevant to the preparation 
of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and system of internal control over financial reporting. This 
material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing and extent of audit tests applied in our audit 
of the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, of the Company and 
this report does not affect our report on such financial statements. 

In our opinion, because of the effects of the material weakness identified above on the achievement of the 
objectives of the control criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial 

89

reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework 
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), the consolidated financial statements of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries 
as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, and our report dated February 29, 2016 expressed an 
unqualified opinion on those financial statements. 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

Boston, Massachusetts
February 29, 2016 

90

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Information regarding our executive officers is set forth at the end of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 
10-K under the caption "Executive Officers of the Registrant."  The remaining information required by this Item 
10 will be contained in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will 
be filed not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 (the “Definitive 
Proxy Statement”) and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Except for information regarding securities authorized under our equity compensation plans as set forth in 

Part II, Item 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Equity Compensation Plans," the 
information required by this item will be contained in our Definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein 
by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

The information required by this item will be contained in our Definitive Proxy Statement and is 

incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence

The information required by this item will be contained in our Definitive Proxy Statement and is 

incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required by this item will be contained in our Definitive Proxy Statement and is 

incorporated herein by reference.

91

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1. 

2. 

3. 

Financial statements:  All financial statements are included in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

Financial statement schedules: All other financial statement schedules are omitted 
because they are not required or are not applicable, or the required information is 
provided in the consolidated financial statements or notes described in Item 15(a)(1) 
above.

Exhibits: The following is an index of the exhibits included in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K or incorporated by reference.

Exhibit
Number

3.1

3.2

4.1

10.1†

10.2†

10.3

10.4†

10.5†

10.6†

10.7†

Exhibit Title
Form of Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No.
333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement among Bright Horizons Family
Solutions Inc. and certain stockholders of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed November 9, 2012)

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. (f/k/a Bright Horizons Solutions Corp.) 2008 Equity
Incentive Plan amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Amendment to Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1(1) to Amendment No. 2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed on January 14, 2013)

Credit Agreement, dated as of January 30, 2013, among Borrower, Holdings, Goldman Sachs
Bank USA, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Barclays Bank PLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, and certain other lenders party
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-
K dated February 4, 2013)

Form of Non-Statutory Time-Based Option Award under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Non-Statutory Performance-Based Option Award under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Non-Statutory Continuation Option Award under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1,
File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC
and Stephen I. Dreier (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-188903, filed May 29, 2013)

92

Exhibit
Number

10.8†

10.9†

10.10†

10.11†

10.12†

10.13†

10.14†

10.15†

10.16†

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

Exhibit Title
Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Directors) under 2012 Omnibus Long-Term
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6(1) to Amendment No. 1 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed November 9, 2012)

Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Employees) under 2012 Omnibus Long-Term
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6(2) to Amendment No. 1 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed November 9, 2012)

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 2012 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed March 26,
2013)

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. Annual Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.7 Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No.
333-184579, filed November 9, 2012)

Form of Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family
Solutions LLC and David Lissy (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)
Form of Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family
Solutions LLC and Mary Ann Tocio (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family
Solutions LLC and Elizabeth Boland (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.16 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed
October 24, 2012)

Form of Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement among Bright Horizons Family
Solutions Inc. and certain stockholders named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17
to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24,
2012)

Joinder Agreement by and among Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., Bright Horizons Family
Solutions LLC, Bright Horizons Capital Corp., the Guarantors defined therein, GSCP, as
syndication agent, and General Electric Capital Corporation, dated May 23, 2012 (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No.
333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Amended and Restated Lease between the President and Fellows of Harvard College and Bright
Horizons Children’s Centers, LLC, dated December 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed
October 24, 2012)
Assignment and Assumption of Lease and Novation Agreement among the President and Fellows
of Harvard College, Enterprise Mobile, Inc. and Bright Horizons Children’s Centers LLC, dated
June 15, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Lease between the President and Fellows of Harvard
College and Bright Horizons Children’s Centers LLC, dated July 25, 2011 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No.
333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated lease between the President and Fellows of
Harvard College and Bright Horizons Children’s Centers LLC, dated September 30, 2012
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form
S-1, File No. 333-184579, filed October 24, 2012)

Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 19, 2014, among Borrower and
the lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated November 20, 2014)

93

Exhibit
Number

10.23

10.24†

10.25†

10.26†

10.27†

10.28

10.29†

21.1*

23.1*

31.1*

31.2*

32.1**

32.2**

Exhibit Title
Incremental Joinder to Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2014, among Borrower, the
Lenders and Additional Lenders party thereto and Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as Administrative
Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated December 9, 2014)

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed March 2,
2015)

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Directors) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed March
2, 2015)

Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC
and Stephen Kramer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed March 2, 2015)

Amended and Restated Severance Agreement between Bright Horizons Family Solutions LLC
and Danroy T. Henry (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed March 2, 2015)

Extension and Incremental Amendment, dated as of January 26, 2016, by and among Bright
Horizons Family Solutions LLC, the Extending Revolving Credit Lenders party thereto, the
Incremental Revolving Credit Lenders party thereto, and Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 on the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 27, 2016)

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2014, filed March 2, 2015)

Subsidiaries of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc.

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Deloitte & Touche LLP

Certification pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer

Certification pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer

Certification pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer

Certification pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer

101.INS* XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*

**

†

Exhibits filed herewith

Exhibits furnished herewith

Management contract or compensatory plan

94

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant 

has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: February 29, 2016 

Signatures

Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc.

By:
Name:
Title:

/s/ David Lissy
David Lissy
Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed 
below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ David Lissy
David Lissy

/s/ Elizabeth Boland
Elizabeth Boland

/s/ Linda Mason

Linda Mason

/s/ Lawrence Alleva

Lawrence Alleva

/s/ Joshua Bekenstein

Joshua Bekenstein

/s/ Roger Brown

Roger Brown

/s/ E. Townes Duncan

E. Townes Duncan

/s/ Jordan Hitch

Jordan Hitch

/s/ David Humphrey

David Humphrey

/s/ Marguerite Kondracke

Marguerite Kondracke

/s/ Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot

Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot

/s/ Mary Ann Tocio

Mary Ann Tocio

Director, Chief Executive Officer (Principal
Executive Officer)

February 29, 2016

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)

February 29, 2016

Director, Chair of the Board

February 29, 2016

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

95

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016

February 29, 2016