Broadcom Annual Report 2011

Plain-text annual report

2011 Annual Report Your Imagination, Our Innovation Sense • Illuminate • Connect Fiscal Year 2011 Financial Results $700 $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Net revenue Gross margin Net income Key Financial Data (in millions, except per share data) Net revenue Gross margin Income from operations Net income (loss) Diluted earnings (loss) per share: Cash and cash equivalents Long-term debt Total shareholders’ equity Oct. 30, 2011 $2,336 49.1% 584 552 $2.19 829 - 2,006 Year Ended Oct. 31, 2010 $2,093 46.2% 466 415 $1.69 561 - 1,505 Nov. 1, 2009 $1,484 37.7% 48 (44) $(0.20) 472 230 1,040 To Our Shareholders The exuberant strength of the demand for semiconductor components during much of ﬁ scal year 2010 had slowed by the start of ﬁ scal year 2011. For Avago, however, our results during ﬁ scal year 2011 manifested from very divergent trends within the four target markets we served. Our Wireless Communications business experienced 11% year-on-year revenue growth due to adoption of our proprietary FBAR ﬁ lters by major handset OEMs and an increasing trend towards higher content through front-end modules in 3G smartphone platforms. During ﬁ scal year 2011, we also beneﬁ ted from the initial launches of 4G LTE and WiMAX handset designs that enabled us to grow content and share. In Wired Infrastructure, demand for bandwidth spurred increased spending for enterprise networking (data centers and storage) and for core routing in carriers. Our proprietary parallel ﬁ ber optic transceivers and ASICs for routers and switches gained share among our major OEMs and beneﬁ ted from healthy demand. In addition our innovative embedded parallel optics in next-generation supercomputers and “cloud-based” datacenter switching drove revenue growth of nearly 30% year-on-year from this target market. In contrast, the strength in our Industrial and Automotive revenue during the ﬁ rst half of the year was rapidly followed by weakening demand in the second half of the year. Curtailment of spending in emerging economies, notably China, and a slow-down in the renewable energy sector was further exacerbated by inventory correction across the entire supply chain. However, we continued to experience favorable demand from niches such as smart power grids and high-end automobiles. Despite the second half decline in demand, our year-on-year revenue from this target market grew 11%. Finally, ﬂ at demand for PCs during ﬁ scal year 2011 resulted in reduced revenue (year-on-year decline of 36%) from optical navigation sensors and printer encoders. Our strategy of diﬀ erentiated value added products – so persuasive in our other end markets – proved challenging in the PC/Consumer space. As a result, this end market has diminished to about 5% of our consolidated revenue in ﬁ scal year 2011. Overall, during ﬁ scal year 2011, we posted record revenue of over $2.3 billion, despite the weakening of industrial and consumer markets in the latter half of the year. This was a 12% increase over ﬁ scal year 2010 revenue, reaching the top end of our revenue model communicated at our 2010 analyst day and outperforming the 1.3% growth estimated by World Semiconductor Trade Statistics for the semiconductor industry as a whole for calendar year 2011. We continued to improve gross margin during the year, growing 295 basis points over ﬁ scal year 2010 gross margin. We continued to invest in developing our proprietary technologies, while managing operating expenses carefully, and were able to achieve record income from operations and net income during ﬁ scal year 2011. In fact, reﬂ ecting our strong results, the Global Semiconductor Alliance recognized Avago as the “Best Financially Managed Semiconductor Company” for 2011. Fiscal year 2011 also saw us make signiﬁ cant progress in our evolution as a public company. Private equity ownership of Avago declined from approximately 60 percent at the beginning of the year to approximately 10 percent at the end of the year, as a result of ﬁ ve public oﬀ erings of our shares by our private equity shareholders. During the year we also initiated a quarterly cash dividend, increasing it each quarter in the year, and we also implemented a program to repurchase our ordinary shares. In November 2011, Avago became a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact and agreed to uphold the Compact’s principles in the areas of human rights, labor, environment and anti-corruption. In December 2011, as a testament to our ﬁ nancial strength and the increasing size and maturity of our business, Avago was added to the Nasdaq-100 index. While ﬁ scal year 2011 ended with challenging global economic conditions, we maintain a positive outlook for Avago for ﬁ scal year 2012. We continue to expect that our proprietary product portfolio for our Wireless and Wired Communications end markets will drive growth for the company and enable us to outperform the semiconductor industry as a whole, and that our broad product portfolio has us well positioned to take advantage of future improvement in the Industrial and Automotive space. We are thankful to our capable and committed employees for achieving another record year in 2011. Sincerely, Hock E. Tan Hock E. Tan President and Chief Executive Oﬃ cer Avago Technologies Limited Table of Contents (MARK ONE) UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC 20549 Form 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011 OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File Number: 001-34428 _____________________________________________________________ Avago Technologies Limited (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) _____________________________________________________________ Singapore (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 1 Yishun Avenue 7 Singapore 768923 (Address of Principal Executive Offices) N/A (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) N/A (Zip Code) (65) 6755-7888 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) _____________________________________________________________ Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Class Ordinary Shares, no par value Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered The NASDAQ Global Select Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None (Title of class) _____________________________________________________________ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act No No of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes State the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s voting and non-voting ordinary shares held by non-affiliates as of the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: As of May 1, 2011, the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s ordinary shares held by non-affiliates of the Registrant (based upon the closing sale price of such shares on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on April 29, 2011, the last trading day prior to our fiscal quarter end) was approximately $6,007,275,564. No As of December 9, 2011, the Registrant had 244,406,916 ordinary shares outstanding. Documents Incorporated by Reference Information required in response to Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Except as expressly incorporated by reference, the Registrant’s Proxy Statement shall not be deemed to be a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Registrant intends to file its definitive Proxy Statement within 120 days after its fiscal year ended October 30, 2011. AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED 2011 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I. BUSINESS RISK FACTORS UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS PROPERTIES LEGAL PROCEEDINGS PART II. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE ITEM 1. ITEM 1A. ITEM 1B. ITEM 2. ITEM 3. ITEM 5. ITEM 6. ITEM 7. ITEM 7A. ITEM 8. ITEM 9. ITEM 9A. ITEM 9B. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES OTHER INFORMATION PART III. ITEM 10. ITEM 11. ITEM 12. ITEM 13. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES PART IV. SIGNATURES EXHIBIT INDEX Page 3 10 28 28 28 30 32 35 52 54 94 94 94 95 95 95 95 95 95 97 98 EX-10.13 EX-10.20 EX-10.40 EX-21.1 EX-23.1 EX-24.1 EX-31.1 EX-31.2 EX-32.1 EX-32.2 EX-101 EX-101 EX-101 EX-101 EX-101 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT SCHEMA DOCUMENT CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT 2 Table of Contents PART I The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws and particularly in Item 1: “Business,” Item 1A:“Risk Factors,” Item 3: “Legal Proceedings” and Item 7: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These statements are indicated by words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “seek,” “plan,” “believe,” “could,” “intend,” “will,” and similar words or phrases. All statements other than statements of historical fact could be deemed forward-looking, including, but not limited to, any projections of financial information; any statements about historical results that may suggest trends for our business; any statements of the plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; any statements of expectation or belief regarding future events, technology developments, our products, product sales, expenses, liquidity, cash flow and growth rates, or enforceability of our intellectual property rights and related litigation expenses; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. All statements we make relating to estimated and projected product sales, earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and financial results are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections of our or industry performance based on management’s judgment, beliefs, current trends and market conditions and involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. We derive most of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Accordingly, we caution you not to place undue reliance on these statements. Some of the factors that could affect our future results and cause them to differ materially from our expectations are disclosed under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These factors include global economic conditions and concerns; cyclicality in the semiconductor industry or in our target markets; quarterly and annual fluctuations in operating results; our competitive performance and ability to continue achieving design wins with our customers; our dependence on contract manufacturing and outsourced supply chain and our ability to improve our cost structure through our manufacturing outsourcing program; prolonged disruptions of our or our contract manufacturers' manufacturing facilities or other significant operations, for example due to natural disasters such as the recent flooding in Thailand; our increased dependence on outsourced service providers for certain key business services and their ability to execute to our requirements; loss of our significant customers; our ability to maintain gross margin; our ability to maintain tax concessions in certain jurisdictions; our ability to protect our intellectual property and any associated increases in litigation expenses; dependence on and risks associated with distributors of our products; any expenses associated with resolving customer product warranty and indemnification claims; currency fluctuations; our ability to achieve the growth prospects and synergies expected from our acquisitions; delays, challenges and expenses associated with integrating acquired companies with our existing businesses; and other events and trends on a national, regional and global scale, including those of a political, economic, business, competitive and regulatory nature. All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors listed above and those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All forward- looking statements are based on information currently available to us. We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors may not contain all of the material factors that are important to you. In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may not in fact occur. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “Avago”, “the Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us” refer to Avago Technologies Limited and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires. Our fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to October 31. We refer to our fiscal years by the calendar year in which they end. For example, the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011 is referred to as “fiscal year 2011”. ITEM 1. BUSINESS Overview We are a leading designer, developer and global supplier of a broad range of analog semiconductor devices with a focus on III-V based products. We differentiate ourselves through our high performance design and integration capabilities. III-V semiconductor materials have higher electrical conductivity, enabling faster speeds and tend to have better performance characteristics than conventional silicon in applications such as radio frequency, or RF, and optoelectronics. Our product portfolio is extensive and includes over 6,500 products that we sell into four primary target markets: wireless communications, wired infrastructure, industrial and automotive electronics, and consumer and computing peripherals. Applications for our products in these target markets include cellular phones, consumer appliances, data networking and telecommunications equipment, enterprise storage and servers, renewable energy and smart power grid applications, factory automation, displays, 3 optical mice and printers. We have a 50-year history of innovation dating back to our origins within Hewlett-Packard Company. Over the years, we have assembled a large team of analog design engineers, and we maintain design and product development engineering resources around the world. Our locations include two design centers in the United States, five in Asia and four in Europe. We have developed an extensive portfolio of intellectual property that currently includes approximately 4,900 U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications. Our history and market position enable us to strategically focus our research and development resources to address attractive target markets. We leverage our significant intellectual property portfolio to integrate multiple technologies and create component solutions that target growth opportunities. We design products that deliver high- performance and provide mission-critical functionality. In particular, we were a pioneer in commercializing vertical-cavity surface emitting laser, or VCSEL, fiber optic products and our VCSEL-based products have been widely adopted throughout the wired infrastructure industry. In addition, we were among the first to deliver commercial film bulk acoustic resonator, or FBAR, filters for code division multiple access, or CDMA, technology and we believe we maintain a significant market share of personal communication service, or PCS, duplexers within the CDMA market. In addition, our FBAR filters offer technological advantages over competing filters in certain other radio bands, such as GPS and 3G. In optoelectronics, we are a market leader in submarkets such as optocouplers and parallel fiber optic transceivers. We have a diversified and well-established customer base of approximately 40,000 end customers, located throughout the world, which we serve through our multi-channel sales and fulfillment system. We have established strong relationships with leading original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, customers across multiple target markets. Many of our major customer relationships have been in place multiple years and we have supplied multiple products during that time period. Our close customer relationships have often been built as a result of years of collaborative product development which has enabled us to build our intellectual property portfolio and develop critical expertise regarding our customer’s requirements, including substantial system level knowledge. This collaboration has provided us with key insights into our customers and has enabled us to be more efficient and productive and to better serve our target markets and customers. We distribute most of our products through our broad distribution network, and a significant portion of our sales are to two of the largest global electronic components distributors, Avnet, Inc. and Arrow Electronics, Inc. We also have a direct sales force focused on supporting large OEMs. We focus on maintaining an efficient global supply chain and a variable, low-cost operating model. Accordingly, we have outsourced a majority of our manufacturing operations utilizing third-party foundry and assembly and test capabilities, as well as most of our corporate infrastructure functions. We aim to minimize capital expenditures by focusing our internal manufacturing capacity on products utilizing our innovative materials and processes to protect our intellectual property and to develop the technology for manufacturing, while outsourcing standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor, or CMOS, processes. We also have over 40 years of operating history in Asia, where approximately 59% of our employees are located and where we produce and source the majority of our products. Our presence in Asia places us in close proximity to many of our customers’ manufacturing facilities and at the center of worldwide electronics manufacturing. Markets and Products We focus on leveraging our design capabilities to develop products for target markets where we believe our innovation and reputation will allow us to earn attractive margins. In each of our target markets, we have multiple product families that primarily provide OEMs with component or subsystem products. Our product portfolio ranges from simple discrete devices to complex sub-systems that include multiple device types and incorporate firmware for interface between digital systems. In some cases, our products include mechanical hardware that interfaces with optoelectronic or capacitive sensors. We intend to expand our product offerings to address existing and adjacent market opportunities, and plan to selectively target attractive segments within large established markets. We target markets that require high quality and the integrated performance characteristics of our products. For the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011, wireless communications contributed 38%, wired infrastructure contributed 28%, industrial and automotive electronics contributed 29% and consumer and computing peripherals contributed 5%, of our net revenue, respectively. Wireless Communications. We support the wireless industry with a broad variety of RF semiconductor devices, including monolithic microwave integrated circuit filters and duplexers using our proprietary FBAR technology, front end modules that incorporate multiple die into multi-function RF devices, diodes and discrete transistors. Our expertise in amplifier design, FBAR technology and module integration enables us to offer industry-leading efficiency in RF transmitter applications. Our proprietary gallium arsenide, or GaAs, processes are critical to the production of power amplifier, or PA, and low noise amplifier products. In addition to RF devices, we provide a variety of optoelectronic sensors for mobile handset applications. We also supply light emitting diodes, or LEDs, for camera-phone flashes and for backlighting applications in mobile handset keypads. Wired Infrastructure. In the storage and Ethernet networking markets, we supply transceivers that receive and transmit information along optical fibers. We provide a range of product bandwidth options for customers, including options ranging 4 from 125 megabyte data, or MBd, Fast Ethernet transmitters and receivers to 16 Gigabit transceivers. We supply parallel optic transceivers with as many as 12 parallel channels for high performance computing, core routing and server applications. For enterprise networking and server input/output, or I/O, applications, we also supply high speed serializer/deserializer, or SerDes, products integrated into application specific integrated circuits, or ASICs. Industrial and Automotive Electronics. We provide a broad variety of products for the general industrial, automotive and consumer appliance markets. We offer optical isolators, or optocouplers, which provide electrical insulation and signal isolation for signaling systems that are susceptible to electrical noise or interference. Optocouplers are used in a diverse set of applications, including industrial motors, automotive systems including those used in hybrid engines, power generation and distribution systems, switching power supplies, motion sensors, telecommunications equipment, consumer appliances, computers and office equipment, plasma displays, and military electronics. For industrial motors and robotic motion control, we supply optical encoders, as well as integrated circuits, or ICs, for the controller and decoder functions. For electronic signs and signals, we supply LED assemblies that offer high brightness and stable light output over thousands of hours, enabling us to support traffic signals, large commercial signs and other displays. For industrial networking, we provide Fast Ethernet and faster optical transceivers using plastic optical fiber that enable quick and interoperable networking and factory automation. Consumer and Computing Peripherals. We manufacture motion control encoders that control the paper feed and print head movement in printers and other office automation products. We were an early developer of image sensors for optical mouse applications, using LEDs and CMOS image sensors to create a subsystem that can detect motion over an arbitrary desktop surface. We are a leading supplier of image sensors for optical mice today, and have launched a new line of laser-based mouse products with improved precision. The table below presents the major product families, major applications and major end customers in our four primary target markets. Target Market Major Product Families Major Applications Major End Customers Wireless Communications • RF amplifiers • Voice and data communications • LG Electronics Inc. • RF filters • Camera phone • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. • RF front end modules (FEMs) • Keypad and display backlighting • Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. • Ambient light sensors • LEDs • Low noise amplifiers • mm-wave mixers • Optical Finger Navigation (OFN) • Diodes • Backlighting control • Base stations Wired Infrastructure • Fiber optic transceivers • Data communications • Brocade Communications • Serializer/deserializer (SerDes) • Storage area networking ASICs • Servers Systems, Inc. • Cisco Systems Inc. • Hewlett-Packard Company • International Business Machines Corp. • Juniper Networks Inc. Industrial and • Fiber optic transceivers • In-car infotainment • ABB Ltd. Automotive Electronics • LEDs • Motion control encoders and subsystems • Optocouplers • Schneider Electric • Siemens AG • Displays • Lighting • Factory automation • Motor controls • Power supplies • Renewable clean energy Consumer and • Optical mouse sensors • Optical mice Computing Peripherals • Motion control encoders and • Printers • Hewlett-Packard Company • Logitech International S.A. subsystems • Optical disk drives • Primax Electronics Ltd. Research and Development We are committed to continuous investment in product development, with a focus on rapidly introducing new, proprietary products. Many of our products have grown out of our own research and development efforts, and have given us competitive 5 advantages in certain target markets due to performance differentiation. We focus our research and development efforts on the development of innovative, sustainable and higher value product platforms. We leverage our design capabilities in markets where we believe our innovation and reputation will allow us to earn attractive margins by developing high value-add products. We intend to continue to build on our history of innovation, and our intellectual property portfolio, design expertise and system-level knowledge, to create more integrated solutions. We plan to continue investing in product development to drive growth in our business. We also invest in process development and maintain fabrication capabilities in order to optimize processes for devices that are manufactured internally. Our field application engineers, or FAEs, and design engineers are located near many of our customers around the world, enabling us to support our customers in each stage of their product development cycle, from early stages of production design through volume manufacturing and future growth. By collaborating with our customers, we have opportunities to develop high value added, customized products for them that leverage our existing technologies. Research and development expenses were $317 million, $280 million and $245 million for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively. We anticipate that we will continue to make significant research and development expenditures in order to maintain our competitive position with a continuous flow of innovative and sustainable product platforms. As of October 30, 2011, we had approximately 1,200 employees dedicated to research and development at multiple locations around the world. Customers, Sales, Marketing and Distribution We have a diversified and historically stable customer base. In the year ended October 30, 2011, no customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, and our top 10 customers, which included three distributors, collectively accounted for 54% of our net revenue. However, we believe that aggregate sales of our products to certain of our customers exceed the amount of our direct sales to them. For example, we believe our aggregate sales to Cisco Systems, Inc., when our direct sales to them are combined with indirect sales to Cisco through contract manufacturers that Cisco utilizes, may have exceeded 10% of our net revenues for fiscal year 2011. We sell our products through a network of distributors and our direct sales force globally. Our customers require timely delivery often to multiple locations around the world. We have strategically developed distributor relationships to serve tens of thousands of customers. Our direct sales force is focused on supporting our large OEM customers. Additionally, our extensive network of FAEs enhances our customer reach and our visibility into new product opportunities. We also complement our direct sales force with a network of manufacturing sales representative companies to cover particular geographies and customers in emerging markets. Our main global distributors are Avnet, Inc., and Arrow Electronics, Inc., complemented by a number of specialty regional distributors with customer relationships based on their respective product ranges. As of October 30, 2011, our sales and marketing organization consisted of approximately 500 employees, many of whom have responsibility for emerging accounts, for large, global accounts, or for our distributors. Our sales force has specialized product and service knowledge that enables us to sell specific offerings at key levels throughout a customer’s organization. As part of our global reach, we have a number of sales offices located in various countries, with a significant presence in Asia, which is a key center of the worldwide electronics supply chain. Many of our customers design products in North America or Europe that are then manufactured in Asia. We maintain dedicated regional customer support call centers, where we address customer issues and handle logistics and other order fulfillment requirements. We are well-positioned to support our customers throughout the design, technology transfer and manufacturing stages across all geographies. Operations A majority of our manufacturing operations are outsourced and we utilize external foundries to fabricate our semiconductors, including Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd., or TSMC and WIN Semiconductors Corp. For certain of our product families, substantially all of our revenue is derived from semiconductors fabricated by external foundries, including our high speed SerDes ICs, LEDs, and LED-based displays. We also use third-party contract manufacturers for a significant majority of our assembly and test operations, including Amertron Incorporated, Hisense Multimedia Broadband Technologies (HK) Co., Ltd. (formerly SAE Magnetics), and the Hana Microelectronics Public Company Ltd. group of companies, or Hana. In some instances we may only qualify one contract manufacturer to manufacture certain of our products. For example, until recently, Hana was the only manufacturer of certain of sensors for our industrial market and certain multi-market transistor products. We maintain our internal fabrication facilities for products utilizing our innovative materials and processes to protect our intellectual property and to develop the technology for manufacturing, and we outsource standard CMOS processes. Examples of internally fabricated semiconductors include RF GaAs amplifiers for wireless communications and VCSEL-based lasers for fiber optic communications. The majority of our internal III-V semiconductor wafer fabrication is done in the United States and Singapore. As of October 30, 2011, approximately 1,500 manufacturing employees were devoted to our internal fabrication operations as well as management of outsourced activities. For selected customers, we maintain finished goods inventory near or at customer manufacturing sites to support their just-in- time production. 6 Materials and Suppliers Our manufacturing operations employ a wide variety of semiconductors, electromechanical components and assemblies and raw materials. We purchase materials from hundreds of suppliers on a global basis. These supply relationships are generally conducted on a purchase order basis. While we have not experienced any significant difficulty in obtaining the materials used in the conduct of our business and we believe that no single supplier is material, some of the parts are not readily available from alternate suppliers due to their unique design or the length of time necessary for re-design or qualification. Our long-term relationships with our suppliers allow us to proactively manage our technology development and product discontinuance plans, and to monitor our suppliers' financial health. Some suppliers may nonetheless extend their lead times, limit supplies, increase prices or cease to produce necessary parts for our products. If these are unique components, we may not be able to find a substitute quickly, or at all. To address the potential disruption in our supply chain, we may use a number of techniques, including qualifying multiple sources of supply, redesign of products for alternative components and purchase of incremental inventory for supply buffer. Competition The global semiconductor market is highly competitive. While no company competes with us in all of our target markets, our competitors range from large, international companies offering a wide range of products to smaller companies specializing in narrow markets. We compete with integrated device manufacturers, or IDMs, and fabless semiconductor companies as well as the internal resources of large, integrated OEMs. The competitive landscape is changing as a result of a trend toward consolidation within the industry, as some of our competitors have merged with or been acquired by other competitors while others have begun collaborating with each other. We expect this consolidation trend to continue. We expect competition in the markets in which we participate to continue to increase as existing competitors improve or expand their product offerings and as new companies enter the market. Additionally, our ability to compete effectively depends on a number of factors, including: quality, technical performance, price, product features, product system compatibility, system-level design capability, engineering expertise, responsiveness to customers, new product innovation, product availability, delivery timing and reliability, and customer sales and technical support. In the wireless communications target market, we provide RF amplifiers, filters, optical finger navigation sensors, modules and LEDs for mobile phones. Our primary competitors for this target market are Anadigics, Inc., Hittite Microwave Corporation, RF Micro Devices, Inc., Skyworks Solutions, Inc. and TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. We compete based on our expertise in amplifier design, FBAR technology and module integration. We also compete against a number of smaller, niche wireless players based on our proprietary design expertise, broad product portfolio, proprietary material processes and integration expertise. In the wired infrastructure target market, we provide fiber optic transceivers and SerDes ASICs for high-speed data communications and server applications. Our primary competitors for this target market are Finisar Corporation, International Business Machines Corp. Microelectronics Division, LSI Corporation and ST Microelectronics N.V. We compete based on the strength of our high speed proprietary design expertise, our customer relationships, proprietary process technology and broad product portfolio. In the industrial and automotive electronics target market, we provide fiber optic transceivers for communication networks, LEDs for displays, motion control encoders and subsystems and optocouplers for factory automation and motor controls. Our primary competitors for this target market are Analog Devices, Inc., Heidenhain Corporation, Renesas Electronics Corporation and Toshiba Corporation. We compete based on our design expertise, broad product portfolio, reputation for quality products and large customer base. In the consumer and computing peripherals target market, we provide optical mouse image sensors for optical mice and motion control encoders and subsystems for printers. Our primary competitors for this target market are PixArt Imaging Inc. and Sharp Corporation. In these applications, we compete based on our long history of innovation and market leadership, along with our design expertise. Intellectual Property Our success depends in part upon our ability to protect our intellectual property. To accomplish this, we rely on a combination of intellectual property rights, including patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secrets and similar intellectual property, as well as customary contractual protections with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants, and through security measures to protect our trade secrets. We believe our current product expertise, key engineering talent and intellectual property portfolio provide us with a strong platform from which to develop application specific products in key target markets. We are the successor to the Semiconductor Products Group of Agilent Technologies, Inc., or SPG, which we acquired on 7 December 1, 2005 in a transaction that we refer to as the SPG Acquisition. We acquired ownership and license rights to a portfolio of patents and patent applications, as well as certain registered trademarks and service marks for discrete product offerings, from Agilent Technologies, Inc., or Agilent, in the SPG Acquisition. We have continued to have issued to us, and to file for, additional United States and foreign patents since the SPG Acquisition. As of October 30, 2011, we had approximately 2,200 U.S. and 1,300 foreign patents and approximately 500 U.S. and 900 foreign pending patent applications. Our research and development efforts are presently resulting in approximately 110 new patent applications per year relating to a wide range of RF and optoelectronic components and associated applications. The expiration dates of our patents range from 2012 to 2031, with a small number of patents expiring in the near future, none of which are expected to be material to our intellectual property portfolio. We do not know whether any of our pending patent applications will result in the issuance of patents or to the extent that the examination process will require us to narrow our claims. Since the SPG Acquisition, we have focused our patent application program to a greater extent on those inventions and improvements that we believe are likely to be incorporated into our products as contrasted with more basic research. A meaningful portion of our intellectual property is the subject of cross-licenses to other companies that have been granted by Agilent, or if originally derived from Hewlett-Packard Company, by Hewlett-Packard Company. In addition, we license third-party technologies that are incorporated into some elements of our design activities, products and manufacturing processes. Historically, licenses of the third-party technologies used by us have been available to us on acceptable terms. The semiconductor industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets and by the vigorous pursuit, protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. Many of our customer agreements require us to indemnify our customers for third-party intellectual property infringement claims, which has in the past required and may in the future require that we defend those claims, and might also require that we pay damages in the case of adverse rulings. Claims of this sort could harm our relationships with our customers and might deter future customers from doing business with us. With respect to any intellectual property rights claims against us or our customers or distributors, we may be required to cease manufacture of the infringing product, pay damages, expend resources to develop non-infringing technology, seek a license which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or relinquish patents or other intellectual property rights. Employees As of October 30, 2011, we had approximately 3,500 employees worldwide. Approximately 1,200 were dedicated to research and development, 1,500 to manufacturing, 500 to sales and marketing and 300 to general and administrative functions. By geography, approximately 59% of our employees are located in Asia, 34% in North America and 7% in Europe. The substantial majority of our employees are not party to a collective bargaining agreement. However, approximately 400 of our 1,000 employees in Singapore, none of whom are in management or supervisory positions, are subject to a collective bargaining agreement with United Workers of Electronic and Electrical Industries that expires on June 30, 2013. In addition, all of our employees in Italy and some employees in Japan are subject to a collective bargaining agreement. In Italy we are also subject to national collective agreements between unions and employer associations. Such Italian national collective agreements are compulsory for both the employees and the employer. In addition, in Germany we are subject to collective agreements with the works councils at our sites, which apply to German employees other than managing directors and managers with similar authority. We believe we have a good working relationship with our employees and we have never experienced an interruption of business as a result of labor disputes. Environmental and Other Regulation Our research and development and manufacturing operations involve the use of hazardous substances and are regulated under international, federal, state and local laws governing health and safety and the environment. These regulations include limitations on discharge of pollutants to air, water, and soil; remediation requirements; product chemical content limitations; manufacturing chemical use and handling restrictions; pollution control requirements; waste minimization considerations; and treatment, transport, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes. We are also subject to regulation by the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration and similar health and safety laws in other jurisdictions. We believe that our properties and operations at our facilities comply in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and worker health and safety laws; however, the risk of environmental liabilities cannot be completely eliminated and there can be no assurance that the application of environmental and health and safety laws to our business will not require us to incur significant expenditures. We are also regulated under a number of international, federal, state and local laws regarding recycling, product packaging and product content requirements, including legislation enacted in the European Union and China, among a growing number of jurisdictions, which have placed greater restrictions on the use of lead, among other chemicals, in electronic 8 products, which affects materials composition and semiconductor packaging. These laws are becoming more stringent and may in the future cause us to incur significant expenditures. Backlog Our sales are generally made pursuant to short-term purchase orders. These purchase orders are made without deposits and may be, and often are, rescheduled, canceled or modified on relatively short notice, and in most cases without substantial penalty. Therefore, we believe that purchase orders or backlog are not necessarily a reliable indicator of future sales. Seasonality We are affected by seasonal trends in the semiconductor and related industries. We typically experience sequentially lower revenues in the first fiscal half of the year. Our revenue in the second half of the fiscal year is typically higher than our revenue in the first half of the fiscal year due to seasonality in two of our target markets, wireless communications and consumer and computing peripherals. These target markets typically experience seasonality due to the “back to school” and calendar year end holiday selling seasons. Financial Information about Geographic Areas For information on the geographic concentration of our net revenues and long-lived assets, please see Note 14. “Segment Information,” of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in the Annual Report on Form 10-K. Other Information Avago Technologies Limited was incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Singapore in August 2005. Our Singapore company registration number is 200510713C. The address of our registered office and our principal executive offices is 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923, and our telephone number is +65-6755-7888. We are the successor to the Semiconductor Products Group of Agilent Technologies Inc., which we acquired on December 1, 2005. Our ordinary shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading symbol “AVGO”. We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Exchange Act, and, in accordance therewith, file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such periodic reports, proxy statements and other information is available for inspection and copying at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549 or may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1–800–SEC–0330. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. We maintain a website at www.avagotech.com. You may access our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and other reports (and amendments thereto) filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of charge at the “Investors — SEC Filings” section of our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on or accessible through our website. 9 ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS Our business, operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described below, that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our ordinary shares. The following important factors, among others, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf in filings with the SEC, press releases, communications with investors and oral statements. Risks Related to Our Business Adverse global economic conditions could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and liquidity. Adverse global economic conditions, including the global economic downturn and financial crisis in 2008 and 2009, have from time to time caused or exacerbated significant slowdowns in the semiconductor industry generally, as well as in our target markets. The global recession in 2008 and 2009 led to reduced customer spending in the semiconductor market and in our target markets, caused U.S. and foreign businesses to slow spending on our products and caused consumers to reduce spending on many products our customers make, such as personal computers, mobile phone and flat screen televisions. In recent months, market and business conditions in general have been adversely affected by investor and customer concerns and about the global economic outlook, including concerns about the economic recovery in the United States and the ongoing sovereign debt crisis in Europe. A slowdown in the economic recovery or worsening global economic conditions as a result of these or other factors will likely cause our customers and consumers to reduce or delay spending, and could lead to the insolvency of key suppliers (resulting in product delays) and customers, all of which could negatively affect our business, financial condition and result of operations. We operate in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry, which is subject to significant downturns. The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and is characterized by constant and rapid technological change and price erosion, evolving technical standards, short product life cycles (for semiconductors and for the end-user products in which they are used) and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand. From time to time, these and other factors, together with changes in general economic conditions, cause significant upturns and downturns in the industry in general and in our business in particular. Periods of industry downturns have been characterized by diminished demand for end-user products, high inventory levels and periods of inventory adjustment, under-utilization of manufacturing capacity, changes in revenue mix and accelerated erosion of average selling prices, resulting in an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We expect our business to continue to be subject to cyclical downturns even when overall economic conditions are relatively stable. In addition, in any future economic downturn we may be unable to grow our revenues or reduce our costs quickly enough to maintain our operating profitability. Our operating results are subject to substantial quarterly and annual fluctuations. Our revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate in the future. These fluctuations may occur on a quarterly and annual basis and are due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include, among others: • changes in end-user demand for the products manufactured and sold by our customers; • the timing of receipt, reduction or cancellation of significant orders by customers; • fluctuations in the levels of component inventories held by our customers; • the gain or loss of significant customers; • market acceptance of our products and our customers' products; • changes in our product mix or customer mix and their effect on our gross margin; • our ability to develop, introduce and market new products and technologies on a timely basis; • the timing and extent of product development costs; • new product announcements and introductions by us or our competitors; • incurrence of research and development and related new product expenditures; • seasonality or cyclical fluctuations in our markets; • currency fluctuations; 10 • utilization of our internal manufacturing facilities; • fluctuations in manufacturing yields; • significant warranty claims, including those not covered by our suppliers or our insurers; • availability and cost of raw materials from our suppliers; • intellectual property disputes; • loss of key personnel or the shortage of available skilled workers; • the effects of competitive pricing pressures, including decreases in average selling prices of our products; and • changes in our tax incentive arrangements or structure, which may adversely affect our net tax expense in any quarter in which such an event occurs. The foregoing factors are difficult to forecast, and these, as well as other factors, could materially adversely affect our quarterly or annual operating results. In addition, a significant amount of our operating expenses are relatively fixed in nature due to our significant sales, research and development and internal manufacturing overhead costs. Any failure to adjust spending quickly enough to compensate for a revenue shortfall could magnify the adverse impact of such revenue shortfall on our results of operations. As a result, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our revenue and operating results may not be meaningful or a reliable indicator of our future performance. If our operating results in one or more future quarters fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, an immediate and significant decline in the trading price of our ordinary shares may occur. If we do not adapt to technological changes in the semiconductor industry, we could lose customers or market share. The semiconductor industry is subject to constant and rapid changes in technology, frequent new product introductions, short product life cycles, rapid product obsolescence and evolving technical standards. Technological developments may reduce the competitiveness of our products and require unbudgeted upgrades that could be expensive and time consuming to implement. Our products could become obsolete sooner than we expect because of faster than anticipated, or unanticipated, changes in one or more of the technologies related to our products. Furthermore, we continually evaluate expenditures for research and development and must choose among alternative technologies based on our expectations of future market growth and other factors. We may be unable to develop and introduce new or enhanced products that satisfy customer requirements and achieve market acceptance in a timely manner or at all, the technologies where we have focused our research and development expenditures may not become commercially successful, and we may be unable to anticipate new industry standards and technological changes. We also may not be able to respond successfully to new product announcements and introductions by competitors. If we fail to adapt successfully to technological changes or fail to obtain access to important new technologies, we may be unable to retain customers, attract new customers or sell new products to our existing customers. Dependence on contract manufacturing and outsourcing other portions of our supply chain may adversely affect our ability to bring products to market and damage our reputation. We operate a primarily outsourced manufacturing business model that principally utilizes third-party foundry and assembly and test capabilities. As a result, we are highly reliant on third-party foundry wafer fabrication capacity, including sole sourcing for many components or products. For certain of our product families, substantially all of our revenue from those products is derived from semiconductors fabricated by external foundries such as Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. and WIN Semiconductor Corp. We also use third-party contract manufacturers for a significant majority of our assembly and test operations, including Amertron Incorporated, the Hana Microelectronics Public Company Ltd. group of companies and Hisense Multimedia Broadband Technologies (HK) Co., Ltd (formerly SAE Magnetics). The ability and willingness of our contract manufacturers to perform is largely outside of our control. If one or more of our contract manufacturers or other outsourced providers fails to perform its obligations in a timely manner or at satisfactory quality levels, our ability to bring products to market and our reputation could suffer. If one of our suppliers, particularly a single-source supplier, ceases to, or is unable to, manufacture such a component or supply is otherwise constrained, we may be forced to re-engineer a product or we may fail to meet customer demand. In addition to discontinuing parts, suppliers may also extend lead times, limit supplies or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors. For example, in the event that manufacturing capacity is reduced or eliminated at one or more facilities, including as a response to cycles in the semiconductor industry or as a result of unanticipated events such as natural disasters, manufacturing could be disrupted, we could have difficulties fulfilling our customer orders, which could result in the payment of significant damages by us to our customers, and our net revenue could decline. In addition, if these third parties on whom we are highly reliant fail to deliver quality products and components on time and at reasonable prices, we could have difficulties fulfilling our customer orders and our net revenue could decline. In such events, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. In October 2011, Hana shut down its Ayutthaya facility in Thailand due to the severe flooding there. Hana manufactured several components for us at that facility, and was our only supplier for certain products for our industrial and wireless target markets. 11 We are working to transfer our equipment and have restarted production of these components at alternative locations with Hana and other contract manufacturers. However, we are uncertain as to when production will be back to pre-flood capacity. If we are unable to resume production at pre-flood levels, we may lose orders or customers. As a result of these events, we also expect to incur additional expenses to make additional capital expenditures for replacement or additional equipment, most of which we expect to incur in the first quarter of fiscal year 2012. However, the actual timing of the incurrence of these charges and expenses is dependent on the time required to resolve these issues. While we maintain business interruption insurance and are working with our insurance carrier to determine the amounts that may be recoverable under this policy, our losses associated with the flooding will likely exceed the amounts available under the limits of the policy. As a result of the flooding in Thailand and the recent earthquakes and tsunami in Japan, we are reviewing our supply chain and may seek to qualify second sources manufacturers and suppliers for some components and products. Qualifying such second sources may be a lengthy and potentially costly process. To the extent we rely on third-party manufacturing relationships, we face the following risks: • • • inability of our manufacturers to develop manufacturing methods appropriate for our products, and manufacturers' lack of sufficient capacity, or their unwillingness to devote adequate capacity, to produce our products; product and manufacturing costs that are higher than anticipated; reduced control over product reliability and delivery schedules; • more complicated supply chains; and • time, expense and uncertainty in identifying and qualifying additional or replacement manufacturers. Much of our outsourcing takes place in developing countries, and as a result may additionally be subject to geopolitical uncertainty. See “— Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by the political and economic conditions of the countries in which we conduct business and other factors related to our international operations.” A prolonged disruption of our manufacturing facilities or other significant operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Although we operate using a primarily outsourced manufacturing business model, we do rely on the manufacturing facilities we own, in particular our fabrication facilities in Fort Collins, Colorado and Singapore. We maintain our internal fabrication facilities for products utilizing our innovative materials and processes, to protect our intellectual property and to develop the technology for manufacturing. A prolonged disruption or material malfunction of, interruption in or the loss of operations at one or more of our production facilities, especially our Fort Collins and Singapore facilities, or the failure to maintain our labor force at one or more of these facilities, would limit our capacity to meet customer demands and delay new product development until a replacement facility and equipment, if necessary, were found. The lease on our primary internal fabrication facility in Singapore expires in 2015. If we are unable to renew this lease on satisfactory terms, we would be required to locate suitable replacement premises, with the goal of ensuring a smooth transition between facilities on or prior to the expiration of our current lease. However, the replacement of this, or any other, manufacturing facility could take an extended amount of time and significant expenditures on our part before manufacturing operations could restart. While we would seek to minimize any disruption to our operations and supply chain associated with any such changes in manufacturing facilities, we may experience delays and significant costs resulting from these steps, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We are also dependent on various information technology systems, including, but not limited to, networks, applications, and outsourced services. We continually enhance and implement new systems and processes throughout our global operations. For example, we are currently upgrading our primary enterprise resource planning, or ERP, to provide for greater depth and breadth of functionality. Problems with transitioning to the upgraded system, or the failure of the upgraded system to operate effectively, could disrupt our operations and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations by harming our ability to accurately forecast sales demand, manage our supply chain and production facilities, fulfill customer orders, and report financial and management information on a timely and accurate basis. In addition, due to the systemic internal control features within ERP systems, we may experience difficulties that could affect our internal control over financial reporting, which could create a significant deficiency or material weakness in our overall internal controls under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Failure to adjust our supply chain volume due to changing market or other conditions or failure to accurately estimate our customers' demand could adversely affect our results of operations. We make significant decisions, including determining the levels of business that we will seek and accept, production schedules, levels of reliance on contract manufacturing and outsourcing, personnel needs and other resource requirements, based on our estimates of customer requirements. The short-term nature of commitments by many of our customers and the possibility of rapid changes in demand for their products reduces our ability to accurately estimate future customer requirements. Our results of operations could be harmed if we are unable to adjust our supply chain volume to address market fluctuations, including those 12 caused by the seasonal or cyclical nature of the markets in which we operate, or by other unanticipated events such as the current flooding in Thailand and the recent earthquakes and tsunami in Japan. The sale of our products is dependent, to a large degree, on customers whose industries are subject to seasonal or cyclical trends in the demand for their products. For example, the consumer electronics market is particularly volatile and is subject to seasonality related to the holiday selling season, making demand difficult to anticipate. We believe that a number of our customers have, or depend on component suppliers and contract manufacturers that have, manufacturing facilities located in those areas of Thailand affected by the severe flooding and have suspended their operations in these areas as a result. Given the extensive disruption and supply constraints the flooding has caused, even if we are able to promptly resume production of our affected products at pre-flood levels, if our customers cannot timely resume their own manufacturing operations or source other necessary components or materials as a result of the flooding, they may cancel or scale back their orders from us and this may in turn adversely affect our results of operations. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of the flooding on our suppliers, contract manufacturers and customers. We believe the effects of the flooding on our industry are likely to be substantial and will extend over several months. On occasion, customers may require rapid increases in production, which can challenge our resources and reduce margins. During a market upturn, or, for example, as customers affected by the flooding in Thailand resume their manufacturing, we may not be able to purchase sufficient supplies or components or secure sufficient contract manufacturing capacity, to meet increasing product demand. This could harm our reputation, prevent us from taking advantage of opportunities and reduce revenue growth. In addition, some parts are not readily available from alternate suppliers due to their unique design or the length of time necessary for design work. In order to secure components for the production of our products, we may continue to enter into non-cancelable purchase commitments with vendors or make advance payments to suppliers, which could reduce our ability to adjust our inventory or expense levels to declining market demands. Prior commitments of this type have resulted in an excess of parts when demand for our products has decreased. Downturns in the semiconductor industry have in the past caused, and may in the future cause, our customers to reduce significantly the amount of products ordered from us. If demand for our products is less than we expect, we may experience excess and obsolete inventories and be forced to incur additional charges. Conversely, if OEMs order more of our products in any particular quarter than are ultimately required to satisfy end customer demand, inventories at these OEMs may grow in such quarter, which could adversely affect our product revenues in a subsequent quarter as such OEMs would likely reduce future orders until their inventory levels realign with end customer demand. In addition, because certain of our sales, research and development and internal manufacturing overhead expenses are relatively fixed, a reduction in customer demand may decrease our gross margins and operating income. Our operating results and financial condition could be harmed if the markets into which we sell our products decline. Visibility into our markets is limited and any decline in our customers' markets would likely result in a reduction in demand for our products In such an environment, pricing pressures could intensify and, if we were unable to respond quickly, could significantly reduce our gross margins. To the extent we cannot offset recessionary periods or periods of reduced growth that may occur in these markets through increased market share or otherwise, our net revenue may decline and our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer. For example, we experienced a larger than expected decline in demand from our industrial target market towards the end of fiscal year 2011, which adversely affected our net revenues and gross margin. Pricing pressures and competition are especially intense in semiconductor-related industries, which could prevent achievement of our long-term financial goals and could require us to implement additional cost-cutting measures. Furthermore, industry growth rates may not be as forecasted, which could result in us spending on process and product development well ahead of market requirements, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Unless we and our suppliers continuously improve manufacturing efficiency and quality, our financial performance could be adversely affected. Manufacturing semiconductors involves highly complex processes that require advanced equipment. We and our suppliers, as well as our competitors, continuously modify these processes in an effort to improve yields and product performance. Defects or other difficulties in the manufacturing process can reduce yields and increase costs. Our manufacturing efficiency will be an important factor in our future financial performance, and we may be unable to maintain or increase our manufacturing efficiency to the same extent as our competitors. For products that we outsource manufacturing, our product yields and performance will be subject to the manufacturing efficiencies of our third-party suppliers. From time to time, we and our suppliers have experienced difficulty in beginning production at new facilities, transferring production to other facilities, achieving and maintaining a high level of process quality and effecting transitions to new manufacturing processes, all of which have caused us to suffer delays in product deliveries or reduced yields. We and our suppliers may experience manufacturing problems in achieving acceptable yields or experience product delivery delays in the future as a result of, among other things, capacity constraints, construction delays, transferring production to other facilities (as we may be 13 required to do with our manufacturing facility in Singapore, in or prior to 2015), upgrading or expanding existing facilities or changing our process technologies, any of which could result in a loss of future revenues. Our results of operations could be adversely affected by any increase in costs related to increases in production capacity if revenues do not increase proportionately. Winning business is subject to lengthy, competitive selection processes that require us to incur significant expense. Even if we begin a product design, a customer may decide to cancel or change its product plans, which could cause us to generate no revenues from a product and adversely affect our results of operations. We are focused on winning competitive bid selection processes, known as “design wins,” to develop semiconductors for use in our customers' products. These selection processes are typically lengthy and can require us to incur significant design and development expenditures and dedicate scarce engineering resources in pursuit of a single customer opportunity. We may not win the competitive selection process and may never generate any revenue despite incurring significant design and development expenditures. These risks are exacerbated by the fact that many of our products will likely have very short life cycles. Failure to obtain a design win sometimes prevents us from offering an entire generation of a product. This can result in lost revenues and could weaken our position in future competitive selection processes. After winning a product design, we may experience delays in generating revenue from our products as a result of the lengthy development cycle typically required, or may not realize as much revenue as we had anticipated. In addition, a delay or cancellation of a customer's plans could materially and adversely affect our financial results, as we may have incurred significant expense in the design process and generated little or no revenue. Customers could choose at any time to stop using our products or may fail to successfully market and sell their products, which could reduce demand for our products and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Finally, the timing of design wins is unpredictable and implementing production for a major design win or multiple design wins occurring at or around the same time may strain our resources and those of our contract manufacturers. In such event we may be forced to dedicate significant additional resources and incur additional, unanticipated costs and expenses to fulfill such design wins, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We may be subject to claims of infringement of third-party intellectual property rights or demands that we license third-party technology, which could result in significant expense and loss of our intellectual property rights. The semiconductor industry is characterized by companies holding large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets and by the vigorous pursuit, protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights, including actions by patent-holding companies that do not make or sell products. From time to time, third parties assert against us and our customers and distributors their patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret and other intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to our business. For example, we are currently involved in a dispute with TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc., or TriQuint, in which, among other things, TriQuint is seeking a judgment that one of our patents relating to RF filter technology used in our wireless products is invalid and, if valid, that TriQuint's products do not infringe that patent, and is claiming that certain of our wireless products infringe three of its patents. See Part I, Item 3. “Legal Proceedings” below for additional information regarding this dispute. Litigation or settlement of claims that our products or processes infringe or misappropriate these rights, regardless of their merit, are frequently costly and divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. In addition, many of our customer agreements, and in some cases our asset sale agreements, require us to indemnify our customers or purchasers for third- party intellectual property infringement claims, which have required and may in the future require that we defend those claims, and might require that we pay damages in the case of adverse rulings. Claims of this sort could also harm our relationships with our customers and might deter future customers from doing business with us. We do not know whether we will prevail in such proceedings given the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If any pending or future proceedings result in an adverse outcome, we could be required to: • • • • • • • cease the manufacture, use or sale of the infringing products, processes or technology; pay substantial damages for past, present and future use of the infringing technology; expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology; license technology from the third-party claiming infringement, which license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all; enter into cross-licenses with our competitors, which could weaken our overall intellectual property portfolio and our ability to compete in particular product categories; indemnify customers or distributors; pay substantial damages to our customers or end users to discontinue use or replace infringing technology with non- infringing technology; or 14 • relinquish intellectual property rights associated with one or more of our patent claims, if such claims are held invalid or otherwise unenforceable. Any of the foregoing results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We utilize a significant amount of intellectual property in our business. If we are unable or fail to protect our intellectual property, our business could be adversely affected. Our success depends in part upon protecting our intellectual property. To accomplish this, we rely on a combination of intellectual property rights, including patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and similar intellectual property, as well as customary contractual protections with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants. We may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights, and even with significant expenditures we may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights valuable to our business. We are unable to predict that: • • • • • intellectual property rights that we presently employ in our business will not lapse or be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, or, in the case of third-party intellectual property rights, licensed or sub-licensed to us, be licensed to others; our intellectual property rights will provide competitive advantages to us; rights previously granted by third parties to intellectual property rights licensed or assigned to us, including portfolio cross-licenses, will not hamper our ability to assert our intellectual property rights against potential competitors or hinder the settlement of currently pending or future disputes; any of our pending or future patent, trademark or copyright applications will be issued or have the coverage originally sought; or our intellectual property rights will be enforced in certain jurisdictions where competition may be intense or where legal protection may be weak. In addition, our competitors or others may develop products or technologies that are similar or superior to our products or technologies, duplicate our products or technologies or design around our protected technologies. Effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or more limited in one or more relevant jurisdictions, relative to those protections available in the United States, may not be applied for or may be abandoned in one or more relevant jurisdictions. We may elect to abandon or divest patents or otherwise not pursue prosecution of certain pending patent applications due to strategic concerns or other factors. From time to time we pursue litigation to assert our intellectual property rights, including, in some cases, against third parties with whom we have ongoing relationships, such as customers and suppliers, and third parties may pursue litigation against us. An adverse decision in such types of legal action could limit our ability to assert our intellectual property rights and limit the value of our technology, including the loss of opportunities to license our technology to others or to collect royalty payments based upon successful protection and assertion of our intellectual property against others. In addition, such legal actions or adverse decisions could otherwise negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. From time to time we may need to obtain additional intellectual property licenses or renew existing license agreements. We are unable to predict whether these license agreements can be obtained or renewed on acceptable terms or at all. Competition in our industry could prevent us from growing our revenue and from raising prices to offset increases in costs. The global semiconductor market is highly competitive. We compete in different target markets to various degrees on the basis of, among other things, quality, technical performance, price, product features, product system compatibility, system-level design capability, engineering expertise, responsiveness to customers, new product innovation, product availability, delivery timing and reliability, and customer sales and technical support. Current and prospective customers for our products evaluate our capabilities against the merits of our direct competitors. Some of our competitors are well established, have a more extensive product portfolio, have substantially greater market share and manufacturing, financial, research and development and marketing resources to pursue development, engineering, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products. In addition, many of our competitors have longer independent operating histories, greater presence in key markets, more comprehensive patent protection and greater name recognition. We compete with integrated device manufacturers, or IDMs, and fabless semiconductor companies as well as the internal resources of large, integrated OEMs. Our competitors range from large, international companies offering a wide range of semiconductor products to smaller companies specializing in narrow markets. We expect competition in the markets in which we participate to continue to increase as existing competitors improve or expand their product offerings. In addition, companies not currently in direct competition with us may introduce competing products in the future. Because our products are often building block semiconductors providing functions that in some cases can be integrated into more complex integrated circuits, or ICs, we also face competition from manufacturers of ICs, as well as customers that develop their own IC products. Our ability to compete successfully depends on elements both within and outside of our control, including industry and general economic trends. During past periods of downturns in our industry, competition in the markets in which we operate intensified as manufacturers of semiconductors reduced prices in order to combat production overcapacity and high inventory levels. The actions 15 of our competitors, particularly in the area of pricing, can have a substantial adverse impact on our revenues, and potentially on revenues in specific industry end markets. In periods where the semiconductor industry experiences significant declines, manufacturers in financial difficulties or in bankruptcy may implement pricing structures designed to ensure short-term market share and near-term survival, rather than securing long-term viability. In addition, many of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources than us with which to withstand adverse economic or market conditions and any associated pricing actions of other market participants in the future. We make substantial investments in research and development to improve existing and develop new technologies to remain competitive in our business and unsuccessful investments could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The semiconductor industry requires substantial investment in research and development in order to develop and bring to market new and enhanced technologies and products. In order to remain competitive, we have made significant investments in research and development and anticipate that we will need to maintain or increase our levels of research and development expenditures. We expect research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future, due to the increasing complexity and number of products we plan to develop. The technologies where we have focused or may focus our research and development expenditures may not become commercially successful. Significant investments in unsuccessful research and development efforts could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, increased investments in research and development could cause our cost structure to fall out of alignment with demand for our products, which would have a negative impact on our financial results. Our business would be adversely affected by the departure of existing members of our senior management team or if our senior management team is unable to effectively implement our strategy. Our success depends, in large part, on the continued contributions of our senior management team, in particular, the services of Mr. Hock E. Tan, our President and Chief Executive Officer. None of our senior management is bound by written employment contracts to remain with us for a specified period. In addition, we do not currently maintain key person life insurance covering our senior management. The loss of any of our senior management could harm our ability to implement our business strategy and respond to the rapidly changing market conditions in which we operate. If we are unable to attract, train and retain qualified personnel, especially our design and technical personnel, we may not be able to execute our business strategy effectively. Our future success depends on our ability to retain, attract and motivate qualified personnel, including our management, sales and marketing, legal and finance, and especially our design and technical personnel. We do not know whether we will be able to retain all of these employees as we continue to pursue our business strategy. We have historically encountered difficulties in hiring and retaining qualified engineers because there is a limited pool of engineers with expertise in analog and optoelectronic semiconductor design. Competition for such personnel is intense in the semiconductor industry, particularly in Southeast Asia where qualified engineers are currently in high demand. As the source of our technological and product innovations, our design and technical personnel represent a significant asset. The loss of the services of key employees, especially our key design and technical personnel, or our inability to retain, attract and motivate qualified design and technical personnel, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We are subject to warranty claims, product recalls and product liability. We are currently, and from time to time may be, subject to warranty or product liability claims that have lead, and may in the future lead, to significant expenses as we compensate affected customers for costs incurred related to product quality issues. Although we maintain reserves for reasonably estimable liabilities and purchase product liability insurance, our reserves may be inadequate to cover the uninsured portion of such claims. Conversely, in some cases, amounts we reserve may ultimately exceed our actual liability for particular claims and may need to be reversed. For example, in the second quarter of 2009 we identified a product quality issue with a particular component that we took steps to correct, including notifying our customers and offering to replace such components. We are continuing our discussions with affected customers regarding this issue, and have compensated or otherwise rectified the issue with many of those customers. Through October 30, 2011, we had recorded an aggregate of $11 million in charges (including a reversal of warranty accrual of $6 million in the year ended October 30, 2011) associated with this issue, and may incur additional charges as we continue to work with our customers to resolve the matter. Although we maintain product liability insurance, such insurance is subject to significant deductibles and there is no guarantee that such insurance will be available or adequate to protect against all such claims, or we may elect to self-insure with respect to certain matters. We may incur costs and expenses in the event of any recall of a customer's product containing one of our devices. The process of identifying a recalled product in devices that have been widely distributed may be lengthy and require significant resources, and we may incur significant replacement costs, contract damage claims from our customers and reputational harm. Our customer contracts typically contain warranty and indemnification provisions, and in certain cases may also contain liquidated 16 damages provisions, relating to product quality issues. The potential liabilities associated with such provisions are significant, and in some cases are potentially unlimited, and may greatly exceed any revenues we receive from such products. Costs, payments or damages incurred or paid by us in connection with warranty and product liability claims and product recalls could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. The complexity of our products could result in unforeseen delays or expenses or undetected defects or bugs, which could adversely affect the market acceptance of new products, damage our reputation with current or prospective customers, and materially and adversely affect our operating costs. Highly complex products such as the products that we offer, may contain defects and bugs when they are first introduced or as new versions are released, or their release may be delayed due to unforeseen difficulties during product development. We have in the past experienced, and may in the future experience, these defects, bugs and delays. If any of our products contain defects or bugs, or have reliability, quality or compatibility problems, we may not be able to successfully design workarounds. Consequently, our reputation may be damaged and customers may be reluctant to buy our products, which could materially and adversely affect our ability to retain existing customers, attract new customers, and our financial results. In addition, these defects or bugs could interrupt or delay sales to our customers. To resolve these problems, we may have to invest significant capital and other resources. Although our products are tested by our suppliers, our customers and ourselves, it is possible that our new products will contain defects or bugs. If any of these problems are not found until after we have commenced commercial production of a new product, we may be required to incur additional development costs and product recall, repair or replacement costs. These problems may also result in claims against us by our customers or others. For example, if a delay in the manufacture and delivery of our products causes the delay of a customer's product delivery, we may be required, under the terms of our agreement with that customer, to compensate the customer for the adverse effects of such delays. In addition, these problems may divert our technical and other resources from other development efforts, and we would likely lose, or experience a delay in, market acceptance of the affected product or products, and we could lose credibility with our current and prospective customers. As a result, our financial results could be materially and adversely affected. We are subject to currency exchange risks that could adversely affect our operations. Although a majority of our revenue and operating expenses is denominated in U.S. dollars, and we prepare our financial statements in U.S. dollars in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP, a portion of our revenue and operating expenses is in foreign currencies. As a result, we are subject to currency risks that could adversely affect our operations, including: • • risks resulting from changes in currency exchange rates and the implementation of exchange controls; and limitations on our ability to reinvest earnings from operations in one country to fund the capital needs of our operations in other countries. Changes in exchange rates will result in increases or decreases in our costs and earnings, and will also affect the book value of our monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies and the amount of our total shareholders' equity. Although we seek to minimize our currency exposure by engaging in hedging transactions where we deem it appropriate, we do not know whether our efforts will be successful. The demands or loss of one or more of our significant customers may adversely affect our business. Some of our customers are material to our business and results of operations. During fiscal year 2011, no customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue, but our top 10 customers, which included three distributors, collectively accounted for 54% of our net revenue. During fiscal year 2010, no customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue and our top 10 customers, which included five distributors, collectively accounted for 55% of our net revenue. In addition, we believe that aggregate sales of our products to certain of our customers exceeds the amount of our direct sales to them. For example, we believe our aggregate sales to Cisco Systems, Inc., when direct sales are combined with indirect sales to Cisco through contract manufacturers that Cisco utilizes, may have exceeded 10% of our net revenues for fiscal year 2011. Our top customers' purchasing power has, in some cases, given them the ability to make greater demands on us with regard to pricing and contractual terms in general. We expect this trend to continue, which may adversely affect our gross margins on certain products. In addition, we expect this will result in our results of operations becoming increasingly sensitive to deterioration in the financial condition of, or other adverse developments related to, one or more of our significant customers. Although we believe that our relationships with our major customers are good, we generally do not have long-term contracts with any of them, which is typical of our industry. As a result, although our customers provide indications of their product needs and purchases on an annual basis, they generally purchase our products on a weekly or daily basis and the relationship, as well as particular orders, can be terminated at any time. The loss of any of our major customers, or any substantial reduction in sales to any of these customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 17 We are subject to risks associated with our distributors' product inventories and product sell-through. We sell many of our products to customers through distributors who maintain their own inventory of our products for sale to dealers and end users. We recognize revenues for sales to distributors upon delivery to the distributors. We limit distributor return rights and we allow limited price adjustments on sales to distributors. We provide reserves for distributor rights related to these limited stock returns and price adjustments. Sales to distributors accounted for 37% and 41% of our net revenue for fiscal year 2011 and fiscal year 2010, respectively. If these distributors are unable to sell an adequate amount of their inventory of our products in a given quarter to dealers and end users or if they decide to decrease their inventories for any reason, such as due to adverse global economic conditions or due to any downturn in technology spending, our sales to these distributors and our revenues may decline. In addition, if distributors decide to purchase more inventory in any particular quarter, due to product availability or other reasons, than is required to satisfy end customer demand, inventory at our distributors may grow in such quarter, which could adversely affect our product revenues in a subsequent quarter as such distributors will likely reduce future orders until their inventory levels realign with end customer demand. We also face the risk that our distributors may for other reasons have inventory levels of our products in excess of future anticipated sales. If such sales do not occur in the time frame anticipated by these distributors for any reason, these distributors may substantially decrease the amount of product they order from us in subsequent periods, which would harm our business. Our reserve estimates associated with products stocked by our distributors are based largely on reports that our distributors provide to us on a monthly basis. To date, we believe this data has been generally accurate. To the extent that this resale and channel inventory data is inaccurate or not received in a timely manner, we may not be able to make reserve estimates for future periods accurately or at all. We generally do not have any long-term supply contracts with our contract manufacturers or materials suppliers and may not be able to obtain the products or raw materials required for our business, which could have a material adverse affect on our business. We either obtain the products we need for our business from third-party contract manufacturers or we obtain the materials we need for our products from suppliers, some of which are our single source suppliers for these materials. We purchase a significant portion of our semiconductor materials and finished goods from a few suppliers and contract manufacturers. For fiscal year 2011, we purchased 55% of the materials for our manufacturing processes from seven suppliers. For fiscal year 2010, we purchased 54% of the materials for our manufacturing processes from eight suppliers. Substantially all of our purchases are on a purchase order basis, and we have not generally entered into long-term contracts with our contract manufacturers or suppliers. In the event that these purchase orders or relationships with suppliers are terminated, we cannot obtain sufficient quantities of raw materials at reasonable prices, the quality of the material deteriorates, we fail to satisfy our customers' requirements or we are not able to pass on higher materials or energy costs to our customers, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted. Our manufacturing processes rely on many materials, including silicon and GaAs wafers, copper lead frames, precious metals, mold compound, ceramic packages and various chemicals and gases. From time to time, suppliers may extend lead times, limit supplies or increase prices due to commodity price increases, capacity constraints or other factors. Although we believe that our current supplies of materials are adequate, shortages could occur in various essential materials due to interruption of supply or increased demand in the industry. We use third-party contractor manufacturers for most of our manufacturing activities, primarily for wafer fabrication and module assembly and test services. Our agreements with these manufacturers typically require us to forecast product needs, commit to purchase services consistent with these forecasts and may require other commitments in the early stages of the relationship. Our operations could be adversely affected in the event that these contractual relationships were disrupted or terminated, the cost of such services increased significantly, the quality of the services provided deteriorated, our forecasts proved to be materially incorrect or capacity were consumed by our competitors. We rely on third parties to provide corporate infrastructure services necessary for the operation of our business. Any failure of one or more of our vendors to provide these services could have a material adverse effect on our business. We rely on third-party vendors to provide critical corporate infrastructure services, including, among other things, certain services related to accounting, billing, human resources, information technology, or IT, network development and network monitoring. We depend on these vendors to ensure that our corporate infrastructure will consistently meet our business requirements. The ability of these third-party vendors to successfully provide reliable, high quality services is subject to technical and operational uncertainties that are beyond our control. While we may be entitled to damages if our vendors fail to perform under their agreements with us, our agreements with these vendors limit the amount of damages we may receive. In addition, we do not know whether we will be able to collect on any award of damages or that any such damages would be sufficient to cover the actual costs we 18 would incur as a result of any vendor's failure to perform under its agreement with us. Any failure of our corporate infrastructure could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Upon expiration or termination of any of our agreements with third-party vendors, we may not be able to replace the services provided to us in a timely manner or on terms and conditions, including service levels and cost, that are favorable to us and a transition from one vendor to another vendor could subject us to operational delays and inefficiencies until the transition is complete. Our gross margin is dependent on a number of factors, including our product mix, customer mix, commodity prices and level of capacity utilization. Our gross margin is highly dependent on product mix, with proprietary products and products sold into our industrial and automotive target market typically providing higher gross margin than other products. A shift in sales mix away from our higher margin products could adversely affect our future gross margin percentages. In addition, OEMs are becoming increasingly price conscious when they design semiconductors from third party suppliers into their products. This sensitivity, combined with large OEMs' purchasing power, can lead to intense price competition among competing suppliers, which may require us to decrease our prices in order to win a design with an OEM customer. This can, in turn, adversely affect our gross margin. Our margin may also be affected by fluctuations in commodity prices, either directly in the price of the raw materials we buy, or as a result of prices increases passed on to us by our suppliers. Many commodities prices, including those of gold and fuel, have risen significantly in recent months. We do not hedge our exposure to commodity prices and continued increases in commodities prices may adversely affect our gross margin. In addition, semiconductor manufacturing requires significant capital investment, leading to high fixed costs, including depreciation expense. Although we outsource a significant portion of our manufacturing activities, we do retain some semiconductor fabrication facilities. During fiscal year 2012, we intend to make substantial capital investment in our Fort Collins, Colorado facility to support anticipated growth in sales of our proprietary products and leverage our fixed costs. We may not realize the benefit we anticipate from this investment. If we are unable to utilize our owned fabrication facilities at a high level, the fixed costs associated with these facilities, such as depreciation expense, will not be fully absorbed, resulting in higher average unit costs and lower gross margins. In the past, we have experienced periods where our gross margins declined due to, among other things, reduced factory utilization resulting from reduced customer demand, reduced selling prices and a change in product mix towards lower margin devices. Increased competition and the existence of product alternatives, more complex engineering requirements, lower demand and other factors may lead to further price erosion, lower revenues and lower margins for us in the future. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by the political and economic conditions of the countries in which we conduct business and other factors related to our international operations. We sell our products throughout the world. In addition, as at October 30, 2011, approximately 66% of our employees are located outside of the United States. Multiple factors relating to our international operations and to particular countries in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These factors include: • • • • • • • • • • • • changes in political, regulatory, legal or economic conditions; restrictive governmental actions, such as restrictions on the transfer or repatriation of funds and foreign investments and trade protection measures, including export duties and quotas and customs duties and tariffs; disruptions of capital and trading markets; changes in import or export licensing requirements; transportation delays; civil disturbances or political instability; geopolitical turmoil, including terrorism, war or political or military coups; changes in labor standards; limitations on our ability under local laws to protect our intellectual property; nationalization of businesses and expropriation of assets; changes in tax laws; currency fluctuations, which may result in our products becoming too expensive for foreign customers or foreign-sourced materials and services becoming more expensive for us; and • difficulty in obtaining distribution and support. A significant legal risk associated with conducting business internationally is compliance with various and differing anti- 19 corruption and anti-bribery laws and regulations of the countries in which we do business, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the recent U.K. Bribery Act and similar laws in China. In addition, the anti-corruption laws in various countries are constantly evolving and may, in some cases, conflict with each other. Our Code of Ethics and Business Conduct prohibit us and our employees from offering or giving anything of value to a government official for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business and from engaging in unethical business practices. However, there can be no assurance that all of our employees or agents will refrain from acting in violation of this and our related anti-corruption policies and procedures. Any such violation could have a material adverse effect on our business. A majority of our products are produced and sourced in Asia, including in China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand. Any conflict or uncertainty in these countries, including due to political or civil unrest, public health or safety concerns or natural disasters, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if the government of any country in which our products are manufactured or sold sets technical standards for products manufactured in or imported into their country that are not widely shared, it may lead certain of our customers to suspend imports of their products into that country, require manufacturers in that country to manufacture products with different technical standards and disrupt cross-border manufacturing relationships which, in each case, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our subsidiaries may require future equity-related financing, and any capital contributions to certain of our subsidiaries may require the approval of the relevant authorities in the jurisdiction in which the subsidiary is incorporated. The approvals are required from the investment commissions or similar agency of the particular jurisdiction and relate to any initial or additional equity investment by foreign entities in local corporations. Our failure to obtain the required approvals and our resulting inability to provide such equity-related financing or capital contributions could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. If we or our contract manufacturers suffer loss or significant damage to our factories, facilities or distribution system due to catastrophe, our operations could be seriously harmed. Our factories, facilities and distribution system, and those of our contract manufacturers, are subject to risk of catastrophic loss due to fire, flood, or other natural or man-made disasters, including the ongoing flooding in Thailand. The majority of our facilities and those of our contract manufacturers are located in the Pacific Rim region, a region with above average seismic and severe weather activity. In addition, our research and development personnel are concentrated in a few locations, primarily Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Fort Collins, Colorado and San Jose, California, with the expertise of the personnel at each such location tending to be focused on one or two specific areas. Any catastrophic natural disaster in those regions or catastrophic loss or significant damage to any of our facilities or those of our contract manufacturers in those regions would likely disrupt our operations, delay production, shipments and revenue. Such events could also result in significant expenses to repair or replace our affected facilities, and in some instances could significantly curtail our research and development efforts in a particular product area or target market. Any catastrophic loss at our Fort Collins, Colorado, San Jose, California, or Singapore facilities would materially and adversely affect our business. If the tax incentive or tax holiday arrangements we have negotiated in Singapore and other jurisdictions change or cease to be in effect or applicable, or if our assumptions and interpretations regarding tax laws and incentive or holiday arrangements prove to be incorrect, the amount of corporate income taxes we have to pay could significantly increase. We have structured our operations to maximize the benefit from various tax incentives and tax holidays extended to us in various jurisdictions to encourage investment or employment. For example, we have obtained several tax incentives from the Singapore Economic Development Board, an agency of the Government of Singapore, which provide that certain classes of income we earn in Singapore are subject to tax holidays or reduced rates of Singapore income tax. Each such tax incentive is separate and distinct from the others, and may be granted, withheld, extended, modified, truncated, complied with or terminated independently without any effect on the other incentives. In order to retain these tax benefits in Singapore, we must meet certain operating conditions specific to each incentive relating to, among other things, maintenance of a treasury function, a corporate headquarters function, specified intellectual property activities and specified manufacturing activities in Singapore. Some of these operating conditions are subject to phase-in periods through 2015. The Singapore tax incentives are presently scheduled to expire at various dates generally between 2014 and 2025. Absent such tax incentives, the corporate income tax rate in Singapore that would otherwise apply to us would be 17%. For the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, the effect of all these tax incentives, in the aggregate, was to reduce the overall provision for income taxes from what it otherwise would have been in such year by approximately $82 million, $63 million and $17 million, respectively. The tax incentives that we have negotiated in other jurisdictions are also subject to our compliance with various operating and other conditions. If we cannot or elect not to comply with the operating conditions included in any particular tax incentive, we will lose the related tax benefits and could be required to refund material tax benefits previously realized by us with respect to that incentive and, depending on the incentive at issue, could likely be required to modify our operational structure and tax strategy. Any such modified structure or strategy may not be as beneficial to us from an income tax expense or operational perspective as the benefits provided under the 20 present tax concession arrangements. Our interpretations and conclusions regarding the tax incentives are not binding on any taxing authority, and if our assumptions about tax and other laws are incorrect or if these tax incentives are substantially modified or rescinded we could suffer material adverse tax and other financial consequences, which would increase our expenses, reduce our profitability and adversely affect our cash flows. In addition, taxable income in any jurisdiction is dependent upon acceptance of our operational practices and intercompany transfer pricing by local tax authorities as being on an arm's length basis. Due to inconsistencies in application of the arm's length standard among taxing authorities, as well as lack of adequate treaty-based protection, transfer pricing challenges by tax authorities could, if successful, substantially increase our income tax expense. We are subject to, and are under, audit in various jurisdictions, and such jurisdictions may assess additional income tax against us. Although we believe our tax positions are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits could be materially different from our recorded income tax provisions and accruals. The ultimate results of an audit could have a material adverse effect on our operating results or cash flows in the period or periods for which that determination is made. The enactment of legislation implementing changes in U.S. taxation of international business activities or the adoption of other tax reform policies could materially impact our financial position and results of operations. Tax bills are introduced from time to time to reform U.S. taxation of international business activities. Depending on the final form of legislation enacted, if any, these consequences may be significant for us due to the large scale of our international business activities. If any of these proposals are enacted into legislation, they could have material adverse consequences on the amount of tax we pay and thereby on our financial position and results of operations. We may not realize the full benefits of our research and development grants. We have accepted research and development grants, the receipt and amount of which are subject to our satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. During fiscal year 2011, we recorded an aggregate of $1 million in credits to research and development expense and $1 million as a deferred credit for capital expenditure pursuant to these grants. If we cannot or elect not to satisfy the terms and conditions of any of these grants, expenses incurred in respect of the relevant research and development projects will not be approved for reimbursement, we may be required to return amounts previously paid to us under the grants and further grants may not be available to us in the future. We may pursue acquisitions, dispositions, investments and joint ventures, which could affect our results of operations. We have made and expect to continue to make acquisitions of, and investments in, businesses that offer complementary products, services and technologies, augment our market coverage, or enhance our technological capabilities. We may also enter into strategic alliances or joint ventures to achieve these goals. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition, investment, alliance, or joint venture opportunities or that we will be able to consummate any such transactions or relationships on terms and conditions acceptable to us, or that such transactions or relationships will be successful. These transactions or any other acquisitions or dispositions involve risks and uncertainties. For example, the integration of acquired businesses may not be successful and could result in disruption to other parts of our business. In addition, the integration may require that we incur significant restructuring charges. To integrate acquired businesses, we must implement our management information systems, operating systems and internal controls, and assimilate and manage the personnel of the acquired operations. The difficulties of these integrations may be further complicated by such factors as the size of the business or entity acquired, geographic distances, lack of experience operating in the geographic market or industry sector of the acquired business, delays and challenges associated with integrating the business with our existing businesses, diversion of management's attention from daily operations of the business, potential loss of key employees and customers of the acquired business, the potential for deficiencies in internal controls at the acquired or combined business, performance problems with the acquired business' technology, difficulties in entering markets in which we have no or limited direct prior experience, exposure to unanticipated liabilities of the acquired business, insufficient revenues to offset increased expenses associated with the acquisition, and our potential inability to achieve the growth prospects and synergies expected from any such acquisition. Even when an acquired business has already developed and marketed products, there can be no assurance that product enhancements will be made in a timely fashion or that all pre- acquisition due diligence will have identified all material issues that might arise with respect to such acquired business. Any acquisition may also cause us to assume liabilities and ongoing lawsuits, acquire goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing and potential impairment charges, incur amortization expense related to certain intangible assets, increase our expenses and working capital requirements, and subject us to litigation, which would reduce our return on invested capital. In addition, if the businesses or products lines that we acquire have a different pricing or cost structure than we do, such acquisitions may adversely affect our profitability and reduce our overall margin. Failure to manage and successfully integrate the acquisitions we make or to improve margins of the acquired businesses and products could materially harm our business, operating results and margins. Any future acquisitions may require additional debt or equity financing, which, in the case of debt financing, would increase 21 our leverage and potentially affect our credit ratings, and in the case of equity financing, would be dilutive to our existing shareholders. Any downgrades in our credit ratings associated with an acquisition could adversely affect our ability to borrow by resulting in more restrictive borrowing terms. As a result of the foregoing, we also may not be able to complete acquisitions or strategic customer transactions in the future to the same extent as in the past, or at all. These and other factors could harm our ability to achieve anticipated levels of profitability at acquired operations or realize other anticipated benefits of an acquisition, and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our business is subject to various governmental regulations, and compliance with these regulations may cause us to incur significant expenses. If we fail to maintain compliance with applicable regulations, we may be forced to recall products and cease their manufacture and distribution, and we could be subject to civil or criminal penalties. Our business is subject to various significant international and U.S. laws and other legal requirements, including packaging, product content, labor and import/export regulations. These regulations are complex, change frequently and have generally become more stringent over time. We may be required to incur significant expenses to comply with these regulations or to remedy violations of these regulations. Any failure by us to comply with applicable government regulations could result in cessation of our operations or portions of our operations, product recalls or impositions of fines and restrictions on our ability to conduct our operations. In addition, because many of our products are regulated or sold into regulated industries, we must comply with additional regulations in marketing our products. Our products and operations are also subject to the rules of industrial standards bodies, like the International Standards Organization, as well as regulation by other agencies, such as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission. If we fail to adequately address any of these rules or regulations, our business could be harmed. We must conform the manufacture and distribution of our semiconductors to various laws and adapt to regulatory requirements in all countries as these requirements change. If we fail to comply with these requirements in the manufacture or distribution of our products, we could be required to pay civil penalties, face criminal prosecution and, in some cases, be prohibited from distributing our products commercially until the products or component substances are brought into compliance. We are subject to environmental, health and safety laws, which could increase our costs, restrict our operations and require expenditures that could have a material adverse affect on our results of operations and financial condition. We are subject to a variety of international and U.S. laws and other legal requirements relating to the use, disposal, clean-up of and human exposure to, hazardous materials. Any failure by us to comply with environmental, health and safety requirements could result in the limitation or suspension of production or subject us to future liabilities in excess of our reserves. In addition, compliance with environmental, health and safety requirements could restrict our ability to expand our facilities or require us to acquire costly pollution control equipment, incur other significant expenses or modify our manufacturing processes. In the event of the discovery of new contamination, additional requirements with respect to existing contamination, or the imposition of other cleanup obligations for which we are responsible, we may be required to take remedial or other measures which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We also face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new requirements relating to the materials composition of our products, including the restrictions on lead and certain other substances in electronics that apply to specified electronics products sold in the European Union as of July 1, 2006 under the Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive. Other countries, such as the United States, China and Japan, have enacted or may enact laws or regulations similar to the EU legislation. Other environmental regulations may require us to re-engineer our products to utilize components that are more environmentally compatible. Such re-engineering and component substitution may result in excess inventory or other additional costs and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition to the costs of complying with environmental, health and safety requirements, we may in the future incur costs defending against environmental litigation brought by government agencies and private parties. We may be defendants in lawsuits brought by parties in the future alleging environmental damage, personal injury or property damage. A significant judgment against us could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In the last few years, there has been increased media scrutiny and associated reports focusing on a potential link between working in semiconductor manufacturing clean room environments and certain illnesses, primarily different types of cancers. Regulatory agencies and industry associations have begun to study the issue to see if any actual correlation exists. Because we utilize clean rooms, we may become subject to liability claims. In addition, these reports may also affect our ability to recruit and retain employees. We cannot predict: • • changes in environmental or health and safety laws or regulations; the manner in which environmental or health and safety laws or regulations will be enforced, administered or interpreted; 22 • • our ability to enforce and collect under indemnity agreements and insurance policies relating to environmental liabilities; or the cost of compliance with future environmental or health and safety laws or regulations or the costs associated with any future environmental claims, including the cost of clean-up of currently unknown environmental conditions. We have taken significant restructuring charges in the past and may need to take material restructuring charges in the future. During fiscal year 2009, we pursued a number of restructuring initiatives designed to reduce costs and increase revenue across our operations, in large part due to the global economic downturn and related decline in demand for our customers' products. These initiatives included significant workforce reductions in certain areas as we realigned our business, establishing certain operations closer in location to our global customers, evaluating functions more efficiently performed through partnerships or other outside relationships and steps to attempt to further reduce our overhead costs. We may be required to take additional charges in the future as we continue to evaluate our operations and cost structures relative to general economic conditions, market demands, our cost competitiveness, our geographic footprint as it relates to our customers' production requirements and our research and development focus. The timing or amount of any future restructuring charges is uncertain. If we are required to take additional restructuring charges in the future, our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows may be adversely impacted. Additionally, there are other potential risks associated with our restructurings that could adversely affect us, such as delays encountered with the finalization and implementation of the restructuring activities, work stoppages, and the failure to achieve targeted cost savings. We rely on third-party distributors and manufacturers' representatives, as well as our employee sales representatives, and the failure of these distributors or representatives to perform as expected could reduce our future sales. In addition to selling products through our employee sales representatives, we also rely on distributors and manufacturers' representatives to sell our products to our customers. This is particularly the case in markets where we do not have a significant physical presence and new markets that we are seeking to enter. We are unable to predict the extent to which our distributors and manufacturers' representatives will be successful in marketing and selling our products. Moreover, many of our distributors and manufacturers' representatives also market and sell competing products. Our relationships with our representatives and distributors may be terminated by either party at any time. In June 2011, we reduced the number of our global, full-line distributors, by changing one of them to a regional, full-line distributor. We continue to evaluate our sales and distribution strategies and may make further changes in the future. Our future performance will depend, in part, on our ability to attract additional distributors or manufacturers' representatives that will be able to market and support our products effectively, especially in markets where we have not previously distributed our products, and on our ability to effectively manage distribution efforts by our remaining global, full-line distributors. If we cannot retain our current distributors or manufacturers' representatives, recruit additional or replacement distributors or manufacturers' representatives, or effectively manage changes to our sales and distributions strategies, our sales and operating results will be harmed. The average selling prices of products in our markets have historically decreased rapidly and will likely do so in the future, which could harm our revenues and gross profits. The products we develop and sell are used for high volume applications. As a result, the prices of those products have historically decreased rapidly. Gross profits on our products may be negatively affected by, among other things, pricing pressures from our customers, and the proportion of sales of our wireless and other products into consumer application markets, which are highly competitive and cost sensitive. In the past, we have reduced the average selling prices of our products in anticipation of future competitive pricing pressures, new product introductions by us or our competitors and other factors. In addition, some of our customer agreements provide for volume-based pricing and product pricing roadmaps, which can also reduce the average selling prices of our products over time. Our gross profits and financial results will suffer if we are unable to offset any reductions in our average selling prices by increasing our sales volumes, reducing manufacturing costs, or developing new and higher value-added products on a timely basis. We are required to assess our internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis and any adverse findings from such assessment could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports, significant expenses to remediate any internal control deficiencies and ultimately have an adverse effect on our share price. We are required to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting annually, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Even though, as at October 30, 2011, we concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective, we need to maintain our processes and systems and adapt them as our business grows and changes. This continuous process of maintaining and adapting our internal controls and complying with Section 404 is expensive, time-consuming and requires significant management attention. We cannot be certain that our internal control measures will continue to provide adequate control over our financial processes and reporting and ensure compliance with Section 404. Furthermore, as we grow our business or acquire other businesses, our internal controls may become more complex and we may require significantly more resources to 23 ensure they remain effective. Failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, either in our existing business or in businesses that we may acquire, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. If we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify material weaknesses in our internal controls, the disclosure of that fact, even if quickly remedied, may cause investors to lose confidence in our financial statements and the trading price of our ordinary shares may decline. Remediation of a material weakness could require us to incur significant expense and if we fail to remedy any material weakness, our financial statements may be inaccurate, our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis may be adversely affected, our access to the capital markets may be restricted, the trading price of our ordinary shares may decline, and we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, including the SEC or The Nasdaq Global Select Market. We may also be required to restate our financial statements from prior periods. A breach of our security systems may have a material adverse effect on our business. Our security systems are designed to maintain the physical security of our facilities and protect our customers', suppliers' and employees' confidential information. Accidental or willful security breaches or other unauthorized access by third parties to our facilities or our information systems or the existence of computer viruses in our data or software could expose us to a risk of information loss and misappropriation of proprietary and confidential information. Any theft or misuse of such information could result in, among other things, unfavorable publicity, damage to our reputation, difficulty in marketing our products, allegations by our customers that we have not performed our contractual obligations, litigation by affected parties and possible financial obligations for liabilities and damages related to the theft or misuse of such information, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, profitability and financial condition. Since the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and are often not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Risks Relating to Investments in Singapore Companies It may be difficult to enforce a judgment of U.S. courts for civil liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws against us, our directors or officers in Singapore. We are incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Singapore, and certain of our officers and directors are resident outside the United States. Moreover, a majority of our consolidated assets are located outside the United States. Although we are incorporated outside the United States, we have agreed to accept service of process in the United States through our agent designated for that purpose. Nevertheless, since a majority of the consolidated assets owned by us are located outside the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States against us may not be collectible within the United States. There is no treaty between the United States and Singapore providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters and a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any federal or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the federal securities laws, would, therefore, not be automatically enforceable in Singapore. There is doubt whether a Singapore court may impose civil liability on us or our directors and officers who reside in Singapore in a suit brought in the Singapore courts against us or such persons with respect to a violation solely of the federal securities laws of the United States, unless the facts surrounding such a violation would constitute or give rise to a cause of action under Singapore law. Consequently, it may be difficult for investors to enforce against us, our directors or our officers in Singapore judgments obtained in the United States, which are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. We are incorporated in Singapore and our shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interest than they would as shareholders of a corporation incorporated in the United States. Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association and by the laws governing corporations incorporated in Singapore. The rights of our shareholders and the responsibilities of the members of our board of directors under Singapore law are different from those applicable to a corporation incorporated in the United States. Therefore, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interest in connection with actions taken by our management or members of our board of directors than they would as shareholders of a corporation incorporated in the United States. For a limited period of time, our directors have general authority to allot and issue new ordinary shares on terms and conditions as may be determined by our board of directors in its sole discretion. Under Singapore law, we may only allot and issue new ordinary shares with the prior approval of our shareholders in a general meeting. At our 2011 annual general meeting of shareholders, our shareholders provided our directors with the general authority to allot and issue any number of new ordinary shares until the earlier of (i) the conclusion of our 2012 annual general meeting, (ii) the expiration of the period within which the next annual general meeting is required to be held (i.e., within 15 months from the conclusion of the last general meeting) or (iii) the subsequent revocation or modification of such general authority by our 24 shareholders acting at a duly noticed and convened meeting. At our 2012 annual general meeting of shareholders, we plan to ask our shareholders to provide us with similar general authority to allot and issue new ordinary shares until our 2013 annual general meeting of shareholders or the date by which it is required by law to be held, unless earlier revoked by our shareholders. Subject to the general authority to allot and issue new ordinary shares provided by our shareholders, the provisions of the Singapore Companies Act and our memorandum and articles of association, our board of directors may allot and issue new ordinary shares on terms and conditions as they may think fit to impose. Any additional issuances of new ordinary shares by our directors may adversely impact the market price of our ordinary shares. Risks Relating to Owning Our Ordinary Shares At times, our share price has been volatile and it may fluctuate substantially in the future, which could result in substantial losses for our investors. The trading price of our ordinary shares has, at times, fluctuated significantly. The trading price of our ordinary shares could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to many risk factors listed in this “Risk Factors” section, and others, many of which are beyond our control, including: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial condition and operating results; overall conditions in the semiconductor market and general economic and market conditions; addition or loss of significant customers; changes in laws or regulations applicable to our products; actual or anticipated changes in our growth rate relative to our competitors; announcements of technological innovations or competitive products by us or our competitors; announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; additions or departures of key personnel; issuance of new or updated research or reports by securities analysts; fluctuations in the valuation of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us; disputes or other developments related to proprietary rights, including patents, litigation matters and our ability to obtain intellectual property protection for our technologies; announcement of, or expectation of additional financing efforts; sales of our ordinary shares by us or our shareholders; share price and volume fluctuations attributable to inconsistent trading volume levels of our shares; and changes in our dividend policy. Furthermore, the stock markets have recently experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many companies, including ours. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions such as recessions, interest rate changes or international currency fluctuations, may negatively impact the market price of our ordinary shares. You may not realize any return on your investment in us and may lose some or all of your investment. In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management's attention from other business concerns, which could seriously harm our business. Future sales of our ordinary shares in the public market could cause our share price to fall. Sales of a substantial number of our ordinary shares in the public market, including by members of our management, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our ordinary shares and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. As of December 9, 2011, approximately 23.9 million outstanding ordinary shares are subject to the contractual transfer restrictions in our Second Amended and Restated Shareholder Agreement. The Company and the shareholders party to that agreement may decide to waive these transfer restrictions. As of December 9, 2011, holders of approximately 23.9 million ordinary shares are entitled to rights with respect to registration 25 of such shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement with us. These holders have exercised their registration rights several times since our since our initial public offering, or IPO, in August 2009 and if such holders, by exercising their registration rights or otherwise, continue to sell a large number of shares, they could adversely affect the market price for our ordinary shares. If we register the sale of additional shares to raise capital and are required to include shares held by these holders in such registration pursuant to the exercise of their registration rights, our ability to raise capital may be impaired. In addition, shares issued pursuant to our equity incentive plans, including such shares issued to members of our management, may be freely sold in the public market upon vesting and issuance, subject to the restrictions provided under the terms of the plan and option agreement under which they were issued, applicable securities laws and our insider trading policy. There can be no assurance that we will continue to declare cash dividends or repurchase shares. Our Board of Directors adopted a dividend policy pursuant to which the Company will pay quarterly dividends on our ordinary shares and has also approved a program to repurchase up to 15 million of the company's ordinary shares, not to exceed $500 million in the aggregate. However, the declaration and payment of any future dividend is subject to the approval of our board of directors and our dividend policy could change at any time. Similarly, our share repurchase program may be suspended or terminated at any time. There can be no assurance that we will declare cash dividends or repurchase shares in the future in any particular amounts, or at all. Furthermore, we may declare dividends as interim dividends, which are wholly provisional under Singapore law and may be revoked by our board of directors at any time prior to the payment thereof. The payment of cash dividends is restricted by applicable law and our corporate structure. Pursuant to Singapore law and our articles of association, no dividends may be paid except out of our profits. Also, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash dividends on our ordinary shares and to repurchase our shares may be limited by restrictions on our ability to obtain sufficient funds through dividends from subsidiaries, including restrictions under the terms of our credit agreement. Future dividends and share repurchases, their timing and amount, as well as the relative allocation of cash between dividends and share repurchases, may be affected by, among other factors: our views on potential future capital requirements for strategic transactions, including acquisitions; earnings levels; contractual restrictions; cash position and overall financial condition; and changes to our business model. In addition, the amount we spend and the number of shares we are able to repurchase under our share repurchase program may further be affected by a number of other factors, including the share price and blackout periods in which we are restricted from repurchasing shares. A reduction in, or elimination of, our dividend payments and/or share repurchases could have a negative effect on our share price. The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management's attention and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board members. As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, listing requirements of The Nasdaq Global Select Market and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations increases our legal and financial compliance costs, places significant demands on our systems, resources and management. As a result, management's attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may also need to hire more employees in the future, which will increase our costs and expenses. In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, such as the Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, are creating uncertainty for public companies, further increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management's time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be harmed. Being a public company also makes it expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on committees of our board of directors, and qualified executive officers. 26 Singapore corporate law may impede a takeover of our company by a third-party, which could adversely affect the value of our ordinary shares. The Singapore Code on Take-overs and Mergers contains provisions that may delay, deter or prevent a future takeover or change in control of our company for so long as we remain a public company with more than 50 shareholders and net tangible assets of S$5 million or more. Any person acquiring an interest, whether by a series of transactions over a period of time or not, either on their own or together with parties acting in concert with such person, in 30% or more of our voting shares, or, if such person holds, either on their own or together with parties acting in concert with such person, between 30% and 50% (both inclusive) of our voting shares, and such person (or parties acting in concert with such person) acquires additional voting shares representing more than 1% of our voting shares in any six-month period, must, except with the consent of the Securities Industry Council in Singapore, extend a mandatory takeover offer for the remaining voting shares in accordance with the provisions of the Singapore Code on Take-overs and Mergers. While the Singapore Code on Take-overs and Mergers seeks to ensure equality of treatment among shareholders, its provisions may discourage or prevent certain types of transactions involving an actual or threatened change of control of our company. These legal requirements may impede or delay a takeover of our company by a third-party, which could adversely affect the value of our ordinary shares. Our actual operating results may differ significantly from our guidance. From time to time, we release guidance regarding our future performance that represents our management's estimates as of the date of release. This guidance, which consists of forward-looking statements, is prepared by our management and is qualified by, and subject to, the assumptions and the other information contained or referred to in the release. Our guidance is not prepared with a view toward compliance with published guidelines of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and neither our independent registered public accounting firm nor any other independent expert or outside party compiles or examines the guidance and, accordingly, no such person expresses any opinion or any other form of assurance with respect thereto. Guidance is based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while presented with numerical specificity, is inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and are based upon specific assumptions with respect to future business decisions, some of which will change. We generally state possible outcomes as high and low ranges which are intended to provide a sensitivity analysis as variables are changed but are not intended to represent that actual results could not fall outside of the suggested ranges. The principal reason that we release this data is to provide a basis for our management to discuss our business outlook with analysts and investors. We do not accept any responsibility for any projections or reports published by any such persons. Guidance is necessarily speculative in nature, and it can be expected that some or all of the assumptions of the guidance furnished by us will not materialize or will vary significantly from actual results. Accordingly, our guidance is only an estimate of what management believes is realizable as of the date of release. Actual results will vary from the guidance and the variations may be material. Investors should also recognize that the reliability of any forecasted financial data diminishes the farther in the future that the data is forecast. In light of the foregoing, investors are urged to put the guidance in context and not to place undue reliance on it. Any failure to successfully implement our operating strategy or the occurrence of any of the events or circumstances set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K could result in the actual operating results being different than the guidance, and such differences may be adverse and material. 27 ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES Our principal executive offices are located in Yishun, Singapore, and the headquarters for our U.S. subsidiaries is located in San Jose, California. We conduct our administration, manufacturing, research and development and sales and marketing in both owned and leased facilities. We believe that our owned and leased facilities are adequate for our present operations. The following is a list of our principal facilities and their primary functions. Major Activity Owned/Leased Square Footage Lease Expiration Site Yishun, Singapore Administration, Manufacturing, Research and Development and Sales and Marketing Depot Road, Singapore Senoko, Singapore Manufacturing Manufacturing Seoul, Korea Research and Development and Penang, Malaysia Sales and Marketing Manufacturing, Research and Development, and Administration San Jose, CA, United States Administration, Research and Development and Sales and Marketing Fort Collins, CO, United States Manufacturing and Research and Development Boeblingen, Germany Regensburg, Germany Administration, Research and Development and Sales and Marketing Manufacturing, Research and Development and Marketing Munich, Germany Research and Development Samorin, Slovakia Manufacturing Turin, Italy Manufacturing and Research and Development ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Leased Leased Owned—Building Leased—Land Leased Leased Owned—Building Leased—Land Leased Owned Leased Leased Leased Leased Leased Leased 116,500 November 2015 50,175 52,200 72,000 53,000 19,000 318,000 October 2015 September 2029 October 2015 October 2012 May 2051 139,000 November 2015 942,000 19,000 April 2012 9,100 5,900 31,000 10,500 22,000 June 2013 September 2013 March 2018 April 2012 June 2017 From time to time, we are involved in litigation that we believe is of the type common to companies engaged in our line of business, including commercial disputes and employment issues. As of the date of this filing, we are not involved in any pending legal proceedings that we believe would likely have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, certain pending disputes involve claims by third parties that our activities infringe their patent, copyright, trademark or other intellectual property rights. These claims generally involve the demand by a third-party that we cease the manufacture, use or sale of the allegedly infringing products, processes or technologies and/or pay substantial damages or royalties for past, present and future use of the allegedly infringing intellectual property. For example, on July 23, 2009, TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. filed a complaint against us and certain of our subsidiaries in the U.S. District Court, District of Arizona seeking declaratory judgment that four of our patents relating to RF filter technology used in our wireless products are invalid and, if valid, that TriQuint’s products do not infringe any of those patents. TriQuint has subsequently withdrew those claims with respect to three of those four patents. In addition, TriQuint claims that certain of our wireless products infringe three of its patents. TriQuint is seeking damages in an unspecified amount, treble damages for alleged willful infringement, attorneys fees and injunctive relief. We filed our answer and initial counterclaim on September 17, 2009, denying infringement, asserting the invalidity of TriQuint’s patents and asserting infringement by TriQuint of ten Avago patents and filed additional counterclaims on March 25, 2010 for the misappropriation of Avago trade secrets. On October 16, 2009, TriQuint filed its answer to our initial counterclaim, denying infringement and filed an antitrust counterclaim and counterclaims for declaratory judgment of non infringement and invalidity. While the court dismissed TriQuint’s antitrust counterclaims on procedural grounds on March 16, 2010, TriQuint has since filed a motion to file an amended pleading for its anti-trust claims, which was granted on August 3, 2010. We intend to defend this lawsuit vigorously, and future actions may include the assertion by us of additional claims or counterclaims against TriQuint related to our intellectual property portfolio. Summary judgment motions are scheduled for hearing on January 30, 2012 and the Court has set a trial date of July 10, 2012. In addition, on February 8, 2010, PixArt Imaging Inc. filed an action against us in the U.S District Court, Northern District of California seeking a determination of whether PixArt was licensed to use our portfolio of patents for optical finger 28 navigation products pursuant to an existing cross-license agreement between us and PixArt. We filed a counterclaim against PixArt on March 31, 2010, asserting that PixArt breached the terms of the cross-license agreement between the parties and seeking a determination that PixArt was not licensed to use our portfolio of patents for optical finger navigation products. On November 28, 2011, we entered into a settlement agreement with PixArt that resolves these outstanding actions, which were pending in the Northern District of California. Under the terms of the confidential settlement agreement, the parties have cross- licensed their respective patent portfolios for the remaining term of the patents for use in the field of optical mouse and optical finger navigation. The parties subsequently dismissed all claims in the pending litigation, with prejudice, on December 2, 2011. On March 15, 2010 we filed a patent infringement action against ST Microelectronics NV in the Eastern District of Texas for infringement of four of our patents related to optical navigation devices. We amended the complaint on July 6, 2010 adding infringement of a fifth optical navigation related patent to the action. We sought injunctive relief, damages in an unspecified amount, treble damages for willful infringement and attorneys fees. In response, ST Microelectronics filed a patent infringement action against us in the Northern District of Texas alleging that our sales of certain optical navigation devices infringed two ST Microelectronics’ patents. ST Microelectronics sought injunctive relief and damages in an unspecified amount. ST Microelectronics filed a second suit against us on November 5, 2010 in the Northern District of California alleging certain anticompetitive actions by us in the optical navigation sensor market. On October 24, 2011, we and ST Microelectronics agreed to dismiss, without prejudice, all pending litigation between the parties. However, we and ST Microelectronics each reserved the right to re-file litigation in the event of any future disputes on the same issues, following the conclusion of executive discussions and non-binding mediation aimed at resolving those disputes. On January 21, 2011, we filed a patent infringement action against Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, or Cypress, for infringement of three of our patents related to optical navigation devices. On May 23, 2011, Cypress filed its answer and counterclaim against us for a declaratory judgment of non-infringement and invalidity of the patents asserted by us. On August 22, 2011, Cypress filed an amended answer and counterclaim alleging infringement by us of five of Cypress's patents. The parties resolved all litigation on November 30, 2011 by filing a stipulation with the court dismissing all claims with prejudice. Claims that our products or processes infringe or misappropriate any third-party intellectual property rights (including claims arising through our contractual indemnification of our customers) often involve highly complex, technical issues, the outcome of which is inherently uncertain. Moreover, from time to time we pursue litigation to assert our intellectual property rights. Regardless of the merit or resolution of any such litigation, complex intellectual property litigation is generally costly and diverts the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. 29 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Market Information Our ordinary shares have been listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “AVGO” since our initial public offering, or IPO, on August 6, 2009. Prior to that date, there was no public market for our ordinary shares. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices of our ordinary shares as reported by The Nasdaq Global Select Market: November 1, 2009 August 6, 2009 Fiscal Year ended October 31, 2010 First Quarter (ended January 31, 2010) Second Quarter (ended May 2, 2010) Third Quarter (ended August 1, 2010) Fourth Quarter (ended October 31, 2010) Fiscal Year ended October 30, 2011 First Quarter (ended January 30, 2011) Second Quarter (ended May 1, 2011) Third Quarter (ended July 31, 2011) Fourth Quarter (ended October 30, 2011) Holders Market Prices High Low $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 19.00 19.55 22.88 23.69 24.95 29.44 34.60 39.45 37.99 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 14.72 14.33 16.50 18.38 18.41 23.77 27.95 31.48 26.42 As of December 9, 2011, there were 16 holders of record of our ordinary shares. A substantially greater number of shareholders are “street name” or beneficial holders, whose shares are held of record by banks, brokers and other financial institutions. Dividends Our board of directors, or Board, has adopted a dividend policy authorizing us to pay a quarterly cash dividend. On December 8, 2011, our Board declared an interim cash dividend of $0.12 per share payable on December 30, 2011 to shareholders of record at the close of business (5:00 p.m.), Eastern Time, on December 19, 2011. Our Board declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.07, $0.08, $0.09 and $0.11 per ordinary share in the four respective quarters of fiscal year 2011, payable to holders of our ordinary shares. As a result, in fiscal year 2011 we paid an aggregate of $86 million in dividends to our shareholders Our Board reviews our dividend policy regularly and the declaration and payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion and approval of our Board and subject to the Board’s continuing determination that they are in the Company's best interests. Future dividend payments will also depend upon such factors as our earnings level, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, cash position, overall financial condition and any other factors deemed relevant by our Board. The payment of cash dividends on our ordinary shares is restricted under applicable law and our corporate structure. Pursuant to Singapore law and our articles of association, no dividends may be paid except out of our profits. Also, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash dividends on our ordinary shares may be limited by restrictions on our ability to obtain sufficient funds through dividends from subsidiaries. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Share Repurchase Program On June 8, 2011, our Board authorized the repurchase of up to 15 million of our outstanding ordinary shares, not to exceed $500 million in the aggregate, in open market transactions prior to the date on which our 2012 Annual General Meeting 30 is held or is required by law to be held. Share repurchases under the program will be made in the open market at such times and in such amounts as we deem appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, market conditions and applicable legal requirements. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. All repurchased shares are immediately retired. The following table presents details of our share repurchases during the fiscal quarter ended October 30, 2011: Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions) August 1, 2011 - August 28, 2011 August 29, 2011 - September 25, 2011 September 26, 2011 - October 30, 2011 Total 206,158 53,845 490,740 750,743 $ $ $ $ 34.11 33.60 33.48 33.66 206,158 53,845 490,740 750,743 425 423 407 (1) All share repurchases were made in open market transactions, pursuant to the share repurchase program discussed above, which was publicly announced on June 9, 2011. All repurchases were also made in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. Share Performance Graph The following graph shows a comparison of cumulative total return for the Company’s ordinary shares, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index, or S&P 500 Index, and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index. The graph covers the period from August 6, 2009 (the first trading day of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq Global Select Market) to October 28, 2011, the last trading day of our fiscal year 2011. While the initial public offering price of our ordinary shares was $15.00 per share, the graph assumes the initial value of our ordinary shares on August 6, 2009 was the closing sales price of $16.18 per share on that day. The graph and table assume that $100 was invested on August 6, 2009 in each of Avago Technologies Limited ordinary shares, the S&P 500 Index and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index. 31 The comparisons in the graph below are based on historical data and are not indicative of, or intended to forecast, the possible future performance of our ordinary shares. Avago Technologies Limited S&P 500 Index Philadelphia Semiconductor Index 8/6/2009 10/30/2009 1/29/2010 4/30/2010 7/30/2010 10/29/2010 1/28/2011 4/29/2011 7/29/2011 10/28/2011 $ $ 100 100 93 104 $ 107 108 $ 127 119 $ $ 134 110 153 119 $ 173 128 $ 207 137 $ 208 130 $ 208 129 100 99 105 125 116 124 146 150 129 132 The graph and the table above shall not be deemed “filed” with the SEC for the purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing made by us with the SEC, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans The information required by this item regarding securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA You should read the following selected consolidated financial data together with the information included under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 and the selected balance sheet data as of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 have been derived from audited historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended November 2, 2008 and October 31, 2007 and the selected balance sheet data as of November 1, 2009, November 2, 2008 and October 31, 2007 have been derived from audited historical financial statements and related notes not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The historical financial data may not be indicative of our future performance. We adopted a 52-or 53-week fiscal year beginning with our fiscal year 2008. Our fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to October 31. 32 Summary of Five Year Selected Financial Data Statement of Operations Data: Net revenue Cost of products sold: Cost of products sold Amortization of intangible assets Asset impairment charges(1) Restructuring charges(2) Total cost of products sold Gross margin Research and development Selling, general and administrative Amortization of intangible assets Asset impairment charges(1) Restructuring charges(2) Advisory agreement termination fee(3) Selling shareholder expenses(3) Acquired in-process research and development Total operating expenses Income (loss) from operations(4)(5) Interest expense(6) Loss on extinguishment of debt Other income (expense), net Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes Provision for (benefit from) income taxes(7) Income (loss) from continuing operations Income from and gain on discontinued operations, net of income taxes(8) Net income (loss) Net income (loss) per share: Basic: Income (loss) from continuing operations Income from and gain on discontinued operations, net of income taxes Net income (loss) Diluted: Income (loss) from continuing operations Income from and gain on discontinued operations, net of income taxes Net income (loss) Weighted average shares : Basic Diluted Balance Sheet Data (at end of period): Cash and cash equivalents Total assets Long-term debt and capital lease obligations Total shareholders’ equity Other Financial Data: Dividends declared and paid per share _______________________________________ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 Year Ended November 1, 2009 November 2, 2008 October 31, 2007 (In millions, except per share amounts) $ 2,336 $ 2,093 $ 1,484 $ 1,699 $ 1,527 1,133 1,068 56 — — 1,189 1,147 317 220 22 — 4 — — — 563 584 (4) (20) 1 561 9 552 — 58 — 1 1,127 966 280 196 21 — 3 — — — 500 466 (34) (24) (2) 406 (9) 415 — 855 58 — 11 924 560 245 165 21 — 23 54 4 — 512 48 (77) (8) 1 (36) 8 (44) — 552 $ 415 $ (44) $ 981 57 — 6 1,044 655 265 196 28 — 6 — — — 495 160 (86) (10) (4) 60 3 57 26 83 $ 936 60 140 29 1,165 362 205 193 28 18 22 — — 1 467 (105) (109) (12) 14 (212) 8 (220) 61 (159) 2.25 $ 1.74 $ (0.20) $ 0.27 $ (1.03) — 2.25 2.19 — $ $ — 1.74 1.69 — $ $ — (0.20) $ (0.20) $ — 2.19 $ 1.69 $ (0.20) $ 245 252 238 246 219 219 $ $ $ 0.12 0.39 0.26 0.12 0.38 214 219 829 $ 561 $ 472 $ 213 $ 2,446 4 2,006 2,157 4 1,505 1,970 233 1,040 1,871 708 780 0.29 (0.74) (1.03) 0.29 (0.74) 214 214 309 1,951 907 693 0.35 $ — $ — $ — $ — (1) During the year ended October 31, 2007, we recorded a $158 million write-down of certain long-lived assets following a review of the recoverability of the carrying value of certain manufacturing facilities, of which $18 million was recorded as part of operating expenses and the remainder was recorded as part of cost of products sold. 33 (2) Our restructuring charges predominantly represent employee termination benefits. During year ended October 30, 2011, we incurred restructuring charges of $4 million, all of which was recorded as part of operating expenses. During year ended October 31, 2010, we incurred restructuring charges of $4 million, of which $3 million was recorded as part of operating expenses and the remainder was recorded as part of cost of products sold. During year ended November 1, 2009, we incurred restructuring charges of $34 million, of which $23 million was recorded as part of operating expenses and the remainder was recorded as part of cost of products sold. During the year ended November 2, 2008, we incurred restructuring charges of $12 million, of which $6 million was recorded as part of operating expenses and the remainder was recorded as part of cost of products sold. During the year ended October 31, 2007, we incurred restructuring charges of $51 million, of which $22 million was recorded as part of operating expenses and the remainder was recorded as part of cost of products sold. (3) The advisory agreement was terminated pursuant to its terms upon completion of our IPO, for a termination fee of $54 million, during the quarter ended November 1, 2009 and no further payments will be made thereunder. We also recorded $4 million in selling shareholder expenses, in connection with the IPO, on behalf of the selling shareholders in the offering. (4) Includes share-based compensation expense of $38 million for the year ended October 30, 2011, $25 million for the year ended October 31, 2010, $12 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, $15 million for the year ended November 2, 2008 and $12 million for the year ended October 31, 2007. (5) Includes expense recorded in connection with the advisory agreement with investment funds affiliated with each of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Co., and Silver Lake Partners, which we refer to together as our Sponsors, of $4 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, $6 million for the year ended November 2, 2008, and $5 million for the year ended October 31, 2007. The advisory agreement was terminated in connection with our IPO during the quarter ended November 1, 2009. (6) Interest expense for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010, November 1, 2009, November 2, 2008 and October 31, 2007 includes interest expense on our 10 1/8% Senior Notes due 2013, or our senior notes, and our Floating Rate Notes due 2013, or our floating rate notes, both of which were fully redeemed during the first quarter of fiscal year 2010, and our 11 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015, or senior subordinated notes, which were fully redeemed during the first quarter of fiscal year 2011. (7) Provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2011 included a $3 million tax benefit from the write-up of deferred tax assets from U.S. legislation retroactively reinstating the research and development tax credit and a $3 million tax benefit from a change in estimate related to research and development tax credits. In fiscal year 2010, we recorded an income tax benefit totaling $9 million. The income tax benefit is associated with the release of $29 million of deferred tax asset valuation allowances, mainly associated with the Company irrevocably calling our senior subordinated notes for redemption in October 2010, partially offset by the write-off of $6 million of deferred tax assets resulting from the grant of Malaysia tax incentive status, and an increase in overall tax provision due to an increase in worldwide taxable income. (8) In February 2006, we sold our Printer ASICs Business to Marvell Technology Group Ltd., or Marvell, for $245 million in cash. Our agreement with Marvell also provides for up to $35 million in additional earn-out payments by Marvell to us based solely on the achievement by Marvell of certain revenue targets in respect of the acquired business subsequent to the acquisition. This transaction closed on May 1, 2006 and no gain or loss was recorded on the initial sale. In April 2007, we received $10 million of the earn-out payment from Marvell and recorded it as a gain on discontinued operations. In May 2008, we received $25 million of the earn-out payment from Marvell and recorded it as a gain on discontinued operations. In November 2006, we sold our Image Sensor operations to Micron Technology, Inc., or Micron, for $53 million. Our agreement with Micron also provides for up to $17 million in additional earn-out payments by Micron to us upon the achievement of certain milestones. This transaction closed on December 8, 2006, resulting in $57 million of net proceeds, including $4 million of earn-out payments during the year ended October 31, 2007. During the year ended October 31, 2008, we received earn-out payments of $6 million from Micron. In addition to this transaction, we also sold intellectual property rights related to the Image Sensor operations to another party for $12 million. We recorded a gain on discontinued operations of approximately $50 million for both of these transactions. In October 2007, we sold our Infra-red operations to Lite-On Technology Corporation for $19 million in cash and the right to receive guaranteed cost reductions or rebates based on our future purchases of non infra-red products from Lite-On. We recorded an overall loss from disposal of Infra-red operations of $5 million for fiscal year 2008. 34 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with “Selected Financial Data” and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto which appear elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” or in other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Overview We are a leading designer, developer and global supplier of a broad range of analog semiconductor devices with a focus on III-V based products. We differentiate ourselves through our high performance design and integration capabilities. III-V semiconductor materials have higher electrical conductivity, enabling faster speeds and tend to have better performance characteristics than conventional silicon in applications such as radio frequency, or RF, and optoelectronics. Our product portfolio is extensive and includes over 6,500 products that we sell into four primary target markets: wireless communications, wired infrastructure, industrial and automotive electronics, and consumer and computing peripherals. Applications for our products in these target markets include cellular phones, consumer appliances, data networking and telecommunications equipment, enterprise storage and servers, renewable energy and smart power grid applications, factory automation, displays, optical mice and printers. We have a 50-year history of innovation dating back to our origins within Hewlett-Packard Company. Over the years, we have assembled a large team of analog design engineers, and we maintain design and product development engineering resources around the world. Our locations include two design centers in the United States, five in Asia and four in Europe. We have developed an extensive portfolio of intellectual property that currently includes approximately 4,900 U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications. Our history and market position enable us to strategically focus our research and development resources to address attractive target markets. We leverage our significant intellectual property portfolio to integrate multiple technologies and create component solutions that target growth opportunities. We design products that deliver high- performance and provide mission-critical functionality. In particular, we were a pioneer in commercializing vertical-cavity surface emitting laser, or VCSEL, fiber optic products and our VCSEL-based products have been widely adopted throughout the wired infrastructure industry. In addition, we were among the first to deliver commercial film bulk acoustic resonator, or FBAR, filters for code division multiple access, or CDMA, technology and we believe we maintain a significant market share of personal communication service, or PCS, duplexers within the CDMA market. In addition, our FBAR filters offer technological advantages over competing filters in certain other radio bands, such as GPS and 3G. In optoelectronics, we are a market leader in submarkets such as optocouplers and parallel fiber optic transceivers. We have a diversified and well-established customer base of approximately 40,000 end customers, located throughout the world, which we serve through our multi-channel sales and fulfillment system. We have established strong relationships with leading original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, customers across multiple target markets. Many of our major customer relationships have been in place multiple years and we have supplied multiple products during that time period. Our close customer relationships have often been built as a result of years of collaborative product development which has enabled us to build our intellectual property portfolio and develop critical expertise regarding our customer’s requirements, including substantial system level knowledge. This collaboration has provided us with key insights into our customers and has enabled us to be more efficient and productive and to better serve our target markets and customers. We distribute most of our products through our broad distribution network, and a significant portion of our sales are to two of the largest global electronic components distributors, Avnet, Inc. and Arrow Electronics, Inc. We also have a direct sales force focused on supporting large OEMs. We focus on maintaining an efficient global supply chain and a variable, low-cost operating model. Accordingly, we have outsourced a majority of our manufacturing operations utilizing third-party foundry and assembly and test capabilities, as well as most of our corporate infrastructure functions. We aim to minimize capital expenditures by focusing our internal manufacturing capacity on products utilizing our innovative materials and processes to protect our intellectual property and to develop the technology for manufacturing, while outsourcing standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor, or CMOS, processes. We also have over 40 years of operating history in Asia, where approximately 59% of our employees are located and where we produce and source the majority of our products. Our presence in Asia places us in close proximity to many of our customers’ manufacturing facilities and at the center of worldwide electronics manufacturing. Our business is impacted by general conditions of the semiconductor industry and seasonal demand patterns in our target markets. We believe that our focus on multiple target markets and geographies helps mitigate our exposure to volatility in any single target market. 35 Erosion of average selling prices of established products is typical of the semiconductor industry. Consistent with trends in the industry, we anticipate that average selling prices will continue to decline in the future. However, as part of our normal course of business, we plan to offset declining average selling prices with efforts to reduce manufacturing costs of existing products and the introduction of new and higher value-added products. Historically, a relatively small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of our net revenue. Sales to distributors accounted for 37% and 41% of our net revenue for the years ended October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, respectively. During the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011, our top 10 customers, which included three distributors, collectively accounted for 54% of our net revenue. No customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue during the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010, our top 10 customers, which included five distributors, collectively accounted for 55% of our net revenue. No customer accounted for 10% or more of our net revenue during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010. We expect to continue to experience significant customer concentration in future periods. The demand for our products has been affected in the past, and is likely to continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including the following: • • • • • general economic and market conditions in the semiconductor industry and in our target markets; our ability to specify, develop or acquire, complete, introduce and market new products and technologies in a cost- effective and timely manner; the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of expected customer orders and our ability to manage inventory; the rate at which our present and future customers and end-users adopt our products and technologies in our target markets; and the qualification, availability and pricing of competing products and technologies and the resulting effects on sales and pricing of our products. Although the global economy improved during fiscal year 2010 and the first half of fiscal year 2011, current uncertainty in global economic conditions still poses significant risks to our business. For example, customers may defer purchases in response to tighter credit and negative financial news, which would in turn negatively affect product demand and our results of operations. Net Revenue Substantially all of our net revenue is derived from sales of semiconductor devices which our customers incorporate into electronic products. We serve four primary target markets: wireless communications, wired infrastructure, industrial and automotive electronics, and consumer and computing peripherals. We sell our products primarily through our direct sales force, although we also use manufacturers representatives in particular geographic areas and may use them for new customers. We also use distributors for a portion of our business and recognize revenue upon delivery of product to the distributors. Such revenue is reduced for estimated returns and distributor allowances. Costs and Expenses Total cost of products sold. Cost of products sold consists primarily of the cost of semiconductor wafers and other materials, and the cost of assembly and test. Cost of products sold also includes personnel costs and overhead related to our manufacturing operations, including share-based compensation, and related occupancy, computer services and equipment costs, manufacturing quality, order fulfillment, warranty and inventory adjustments, including write-downs for inventory obsolescence, energy costs and other manufacturing expenses. Total cost of products sold also includes amortization of intangible assets and restructuring charges. Although we outsource a significant portion of our manufacturing activities, we do retain some semiconductor fabrication and assembly and test facilities. If we are unable to utilize our owned fabrication and assembly and test facilities at a desired level, the fixed costs associated with these facilities will not be fully absorbed, resulting in higher average unit costs and lower gross margins. Research and development. Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel costs for our engineers engaged in the design and development of our products and technologies, including share-based compensation expense. These expenses also include project material costs, third-party fees paid to consultants, prototype development expenses, allocated facilities costs and other corporate expenses and computer services costs related to supporting computer tools used in the engineering and design process. Selling, general and administrative. Selling expense consists primarily of compensation and associated costs for sales and marketing personnel, including share-based compensation expense, sales commissions paid to our independent sales 36 representatives, costs of advertising, trade shows, corporate marketing, promotion, travel related to our sales and marketing operations, related occupancy and equipment costs and other marketing costs. General and administrative expense consists primarily of compensation and associated costs for executive management, finance, human resources and other administrative personnel, outside professional fees, allocated facilities costs and other corporate expenses. In connection with our IPO, during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009, we expensed $54 million related to the termination of the advisory agreement with our Sponsors as well as approximately $4 million of offering costs incurred in our IPO that related to selling shareholders, which were absorbed by us. These expenses were not included in selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal year 2009 but were presented as separate components of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Amortization of intangible assets. In connection with acquisitions, we recorded intangible assets that are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of six months to 25 years. In connection with these acquisitions, we also recorded goodwill which is not being amortized. Interest expense. Substantially all of our historical interest expense was associated with our borrowings incurred in connection with the SPG Acquisition. This debt has been eliminated as at December 1, 2010, principally through cash flows from operations and net proceeds from our IPO. In connection with the termination of our senior secured revolving credit facility, on March 31, 2011, Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd., or Avago Finance, and certain other subsidiaries of the Company entered into a new credit agreement which provides for a new $200 million unsecured revolving credit facility. Interest expense in fiscal year 2011 included commitment fees under our prior and current revolving credit facilities and amortization of debt issuance costs associated with these credit facilities. Loss on extinguishment of debt. In connection with the repurchase or redemption of our outstanding indebtedness, we incurred a loss on the extinguishment of debt. Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net includes interest income, currency gains (losses) on balance sheet remeasurement and other miscellaneous items. Provision for (benefit from) income taxes. We have structured our operations to maximize the benefit from various tax incentives and tax holidays extended to us in various jurisdictions to encourage investment or employment. For example, we have obtained several tax incentives from the Singapore Economic Development Board, an agency of the Government of Singapore, which provide that certain classes of income we earn in Singapore are subject to tax holidays or reduced rates of Singapore income tax. Each such tax incentive is separate and distinct from the others, and may be granted, withheld, extended, modified, truncated, complied with or terminated independently without any effect on the other incentives. In order to retain these tax benefits in Singapore, we must meet certain operating conditions specific to each incentive relating to, among other things, maintenance of a treasury function, a corporate headquarters function, specified intellectual property activities and specified manufacturing activities in Singapore. Some of these operating conditions are subject to phase-in periods through 2015. The Singapore tax incentives are presently scheduled to expire at various dates generally between 2014 and 2025, subject in certain cases to potential extensions. In February 2010, the Malaysian government granted us a tax holiday on our qualifying Malaysian income, which is effective for ten years beginning with our fiscal year 2009. Absent such tax incentives, the corporate income tax rate in Singapore that would otherwise apply to us would be 17%. For the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010, and November 1, 2009, the effect of all these tax incentives, in the aggregate, was to reduce the overall provision for (benefit from) income taxes from what it otherwise would have been in such year by approximately $82 million, $63 million and $17 million, respectively. The tax incentives that we have negotiated in other jurisdictions are also subject to our compliance with various operating and other conditions. If we cannot or elect not to comply with the operating conditions included in any particular tax incentive, we will lose the related tax benefits and could be required to refund material tax benefits previously realized by us with respect to that incentive and, depending on the incentive at issue, could likely be required to modify our operational structure and tax strategy. Any such modified structure may not be as beneficial to us from an income tax expense or operational perspective as the benefits provided under the present tax concession arrangements. As a result of the tax incentives and tax holidays, if we continue to comply with the operating conditions, we expect the income from our operations to be subject to relatively lower income taxes than would otherwise be the case under ordinary income tax rules. Our interpretations and conclusions regarding the tax incentives are not binding on any taxing authority, and if our assumptions about tax and other laws are incorrect or if these tax incentives are substantially modified or rescinded we could suffer material adverse tax and other financial consequences, which would increase our expenses, reduce our profitability and adversely affect our cash flows. In addition, taxable income in any jurisdiction is dependent upon acceptance of our operational practices and intercompany transfer pricing by local tax authorities as being on an arm’s length basis. Due to inconsistencies in application of the arm’s length standard among taxing authorities, as well as lack of adequate treaty-based protection, transfer pricing challenges by tax authorities could, if successful, substantially increase our income tax expense. Going forward, our effective tax rate will vary based on a variety of factors, including overall profitability, the geographical mix of income before income taxes and the related tax rates in the jurisdictions where we operate, as well as 37 discrete events, such as settlements of future audits. In particular, we may owe significant taxes in jurisdictions outside Singapore during periods when we are profitable in those jurisdictions even though we may be experiencing low operating profit or operating losses on a consolidated basis, potentially resulting in significant tax liabilities on a consolidated basis during those periods. Conversely, we expect to realize more favorable effective tax rates as our profitability increases. Our historical provision for (benefit from) income taxes are not necessarily reflective of our future results of operations. History SPG Acquisition On December 1, 2005, we completed the acquisition of the Semiconductor Products Group of Agilent Technologies Inc., or SPG, for approximately $2.7 billion. The SPG Acquisition was accounted for by the purchase method of accounting for business combinations and, accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the net assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. Among other things, the purchase accounting adjustments increased the carrying value of our inventory and property, plant and equipment, and established intangible assets for our developed technology, customer and distributorship relationships, order backlog, and in-process research and development. Acquisitions During fiscal years 2009 through 2011 we completed three acquisitions for aggregate cash consideration of $23 million. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of the acquired companies and businesses commencing on their respective acquisition dates. See Note 3. “Acquisitions and Investments,” in the Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to these acquisitions. Restructuring Charges In the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, we initiated a restructuring plan intended to realign our cost structure with the then prevailing macroeconomic business conditions. This plan eliminated approximately 230 positions or 6% of our global workforce and was substantially completed in fiscal year 2009. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2009, we announced a further reduction in our worldwide workforce of approximately 200 employees. This plan was completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recorded restructuring charges of $26 million in connection with both of these plans, predominantly representing employee termination costs. In fiscal year 2009, we also committed to a plan to outsource certain of our manufacturing in Germany. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recorded $5 million of employee termination costs, $1 million related to asset abandonment and other exit costs and approximately $1 million related to excess lease costs in connection with this plan. During fiscal year 2009, we recorded and paid $1 million of employee termination costs and recognized $2 million as share-based compensation expense in connection with the departure of our former Chief Operating Officer in January 2009. As part of our efforts to continue to realign our cost structure, we incurred approximately $4 million of employee termination costs during fiscal year 2011 and $3 million of employee termination costs and $1 million of excess lease costs during fiscal year 2010. See Note 10. “Restructuring Charges” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. Our critical accounting policies are those that affect our historical financial statements materially and involve difficult, subjective or complex judgments by management. Those policies include revenue recognition, valuation of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, inventory valuation and warranty reserves, accounting for income taxes, retirement and post-retirement benefit plan assumptions, and share-based compensation. Revenue recognition. We recognize revenue, net of sales returns and allowances, provided that (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) the price is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectibility is reasonably assured. Delivery is considered to have occurred when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer. We consider the price to be fixed or determinable when the price is not subject to refund or adjustments or when any such adjustments are accounted for. We evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers to determine that appropriate credit limits are established 38 prior to the acceptance of an order. Revenue, including sales to resellers and distributors, is reduced for estimated returns and distributor allowances. We recognize revenue from sales of our products to distributors upon delivery of product to the distributors. An allowance for distributor credits covering price adjustments and scrap allowances is made based on our estimate of historical experience rates as well as considering economic conditions and contractual terms. To date, actual distributor claims activity has been materially consistent with the provisions we have made based on our historical estimates. However, because of the inherent nature of estimates, there is always a risk that there could be significant differences between actual amounts and our estimates. Different judgments or estimates could result in variances that might be significant to reported operating results. Valuation of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill. We assess the impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important, and which could trigger an impairment review of our long-lived and intangible assets, include significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, and significant negative industry or economic trends. An impairment loss must be measured if the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and before interest) from the use of the asset is less than the net book value of the asset. The amount of the impairment loss will generally be measured as the difference between the net book value of the asset (or asset group) and its (their) estimated fair value. We perform an annual impairment review of our goodwill during the fourth fiscal quarter of each year, and more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist, and we follow the two-step approach in performing the impairment test in accordance with the accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets. The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with the related carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the reporting unit’s goodwill is not considered to be impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its estimated fair value, the second step of the test must be performed to measure the amount of the goodwill impairment loss, if any. The second step of the test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill, determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination, with the carrying amount of such goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment. We have one reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing purposes which is based on the manner in which we operate our business and the nature of those operations, including consideration of how the Chief Operating Decision Maker, as defined in the accounting guidance on segment reporting, manages the business as a whole. We operate as one semiconductor company with sales of semiconductors representing the only material source of revenue. Substantially all products offered incorporate analog functionality and are manufactured under similar manufacturing processes. For fiscal year 2011, we used the quoted market price of our ordinary shares to determine the fair value of our reporting unit, which is the Company as a whole. No impairment of goodwill was identified based on the annual impairment review during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011. A 10% decline in the quoted market prices of our ordinary shares would not impact the result of our goodwill impairment assessment. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of long-lived assets under the accounting guidance on property, plant and equipment such as our property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets is also highly subjective and requires significant judgment. In order to estimate the fair value of long-lived assets, we typically make various assumptions about the future prospects about our business or the part of our business that the long-lived asset relates to, consider market factors specific to the business and estimate future cash flows to be generated by the business, which requires significant judgment as it is based on assumptions about market demand for our products over a number of future years. Based on these assumptions and estimates, we determine whether we need to take an impairment charge to reduce the value of the long-lived asset stated on our balance sheet to reflect its estimated fair value. Assumptions and estimates about future values and remaining useful lives are complex and often subjective. They can be affected by a variety of factors, including external factors such as the real estate market, industry and economic trends, and internal factors such as changes in our business strategy and our internal forecasts. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we have made in the past have been reasonable and appropriate, changes in assumptions and estimates could materially impact our reported financial results. Inventory valuation and warranty reserves. We value our inventory at the lower of the actual cost of the inventory or the current estimated market value of the inventory, with cost being determined under the first-in, first-out method. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our forecast of product demand and production requirements. Demand for our products can fluctuate significantly from period to period. A significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory quantities on hand. In addition, our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product development and rapid product obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on hand. Additionally, our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, which may cause us to understate or overstate both the provision required for excess and 39 obsolete inventory and cost of products sold. Therefore, although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our results of operations. We establish reserves for estimated product warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized. Although we engage in extensive product quality control programs and processes, our warranty obligation has been and may in the future be affected by product failure rates, product recalls, repair or field replacement costs and additional development costs incurred in correcting any product failure, as well as possible claims for consequential costs. Should actual product failure rates, use of materials or service delivery costs differ from our estimates, additional warranty reserves could be required. In that event, our gross margins would be reduced. Accounting for income taxes. We account for income taxes in accordance with the accounting guidance on income taxes. The provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized. Significant management judgment is required in developing our provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances that might be required against the deferred tax assets. We have considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for valuation allowances. If we determine, in the future, a valuation allowance is required, such adjustment to the deferred tax assets would increase tax expense in the period in which such determination is made. Conversely, if we determine, in the future, a valuation allowance exceeds our requirement, such adjustment to the deferred tax assets would decrease tax expense in the period in which such determination is made. In evaluating the exposure associated with various tax filing positions, we accrue an income tax liability when such positions do not meet the more-likely-than-not threshold for recognition. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax law and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions. We recognize potential liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in Singapore and other tax jurisdictions based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes and interest will be due. If our estimate of income tax liabilities proves to be less than the actual amount ultimately assessed, a further charge to expense would be required. If the payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determine the liabilities no longer exist. The gross unrecognized tax benefit increased by $3 million during fiscal year 2011 to $30 million as of October 30, 2011 from $27 million as of October 31, 2010. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for (benefit from) income taxes line in the consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities lines in the consolidated balance sheet. As of October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010, and November 1, 2009, the combined amount of cumulative accrued interest and penalties was approximately $6 million, $5 million and $4 million, respectively. Retirement and post-retirement benefit plan assumptions. Retirement and post-retirement benefit plan costs are a significant cost of doing business. They represent obligations that will ultimately be settled sometime in the future and therefore are subject to estimation. Pension accounting is intended to reflect the recognition of future retirement and post- retirement benefit plan costs over the employees' average expected future service to the Company, based on the terms of the plans and investment and funding decisions. To estimate the impact of these future payments and our decisions concerning funding of these obligations, we are required to make assumptions using actuarial concepts within the framework of GAAP. One critical assumption is the discount rate used to calculate the estimated costs. Other important assumptions include the expected long-term return on plan assets, the health care cost trend rate, expected future salary increases, expected future increases to benefit payments, expected retirement dates, employee turnover, retiree mortality rates, and portfolio composition. We evaluate these assumptions at least annually. The discount rate is used to determine the present value of future benefit payments at the measurement date — October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 for both U.S. and non-U.S. plans, in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively. For fiscal year 2011 and 2010, the U.S. discount rates were based on the results of matching expected plan benefit payments with cash flows from a published pension discount curve. The discount rate for non-U.S. plans was generally based on published rates for high quality corporate bonds. Lower discount rates increase present values of pension liability and subsequent year pension expense; higher discount rates decrease present values of pension liability and subsequent year pension expense. The expected long-term return on plan assets is estimated using current and expected asset allocations as well as historical and expected returns. Plan assets are valued at fair value. A one percent change in the estimated long-term return on plan assets for 2011 would result in a $0 million impact on non-U.S. pension expense. We have no plan assets under our U.S. plans. 40 The net periodic retirement and post-retirement benefit costs recorded in consolidated statement of operations excluding curtailments and settlements were $6 million in fiscal year 2011, $4 million in fiscal year 2010, and $3 million in fiscal year 2009. Share-based compensation expense. Share-based compensation expense consists of expense for stock options and restricted share units, or RSUs, granted to both employees and non-employees as well as expense associated with Avago Technologies Limited Employee Share Purchase Plan, or ESPP, which was implemented in September 2010. For stock options granted after November 1, 2006, we recognize compensation expense based on the estimated grant date fair value method required under the authoritative guidance using Black-Scholes valuation model with a straight-line amortization method. Since the authoritative guidance requires that share-based compensation expense be based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest, estimated share-based compensation expense for such awards has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Changes in the estimated forfeiture rates can have a significant effect on share-based compensation expense since the effect of adjusting the rate is recognized in the period the forfeiture estimate is changed. For outstanding share-based awards granted before November 1, 2006 and not modified thereafter, we continue to account for any portion of such awards under the originally applied accounting principles. As a result, performance-based awards granted before November 1, 2006 were subject to variable accounting until such options are vested, forfeited, modified or cancelled. Variable accounting requires us to value the variable options at the end of each accounting period based upon the then current fair value of the underlying ordinary shares. Accordingly, our share-based compensation expense was subject to significant fluctuation based on changes in the fair value of our ordinary shares. The weighted-average assumptions utilized for our Black-Scholes valuation model for options and employee share purchase rights granted during the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 are as follows: Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield Volatility Expected term (in years) Options Year Ended October 31, 2010 1.9% —% 45% 5.0 October 30, 2011 2.0% 0.91% 45% 5.0 ESPP Year Ended November 1, 2009 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 2.3% —% 52% 5.7 0.1% 0.58% 42.6% 0.5 0.2% —% 42% 0.5 The dividend yield for the year ended October 30, 2011 is based on the historical and expected dividend payouts as of the respective option grant dates. For the years ended October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, the dividend yield of zero is based on the fact that we did not intend to declare any cash dividends as of the respective option grant dates during those periods. Expected volatility is based on the combination of historical volatility of guideline publicly-traded companies over the period commensurate with the expected term of the options and the implied volatility of guideline publicly-traded companies from traded options with a term of 180 days or greater measured over the last three months. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the average U.S. Treasury Strips rate during the period, which approximates the rate in effect at the time of grant. For all options granted after August 2, 2009 and a portion of options granted before August 2, 2009, our computation of expected term was based on other data, such as the data of peer companies and company-specific attributes that we believe could affect employees’ exercise behavior. For the majority of options granted prior to August 2, 2009, we used the simplified method as specified in the accounting guidance to calculate the expected term. In fiscal year 2010, we began to grant RSUs, which are equity awards that are granted with an exercise price equal to zero and represent the right to receive one of our ordinary shares per RSU immediately upon vesting. We recognize compensation expense for RSUs using the straight-line amortization method based on the fair value of RSUs on the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is the closing market price of our ordinary shares on the date of grant, which is equal to their intrinsic value on the date of grant. We also record share-based compensation expense based on an estimate of the fair value of rights to purchase ordinary shares under the ESPP and recognize this share-based compensation expense using the straight-line amortization method. Fiscal Year Presentation We operate on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year which ends on the Sunday closest to October 31. The financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are presented in accordance with GAAP and expressed in U.S. dollars. 41 Results from Operations Year Ended October 30, 2011 Compared to Year Ended October 31, 2010 The following tables set forth our results of operations for the years ended October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010. Statement of Operations Data: Net revenue Cost of products sold: Cost of products sold Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total cost of products sold Gross margin Research and development Selling, general and administrative Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total operating expenses Income from operations Interest expense Loss on extinguishment of debt Other income (expense), net Income from operations before taxes Provision for (benefit from) income taxes Net income Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 (In millions) October 31, October 30, 2010 2011 (As a percentage of net revenue) $ 2,336 $ 2,093 100% 100% 1,133 1,068 56 — 1,189 1,147 317 220 22 4 563 584 (4) (20) 1 561 9 $ 552 $ 58 1 1,127 966 280 196 21 3 500 466 (34) (24) (2) 406 (9) 415 49 2 — 51 49 14 9 1 — 24 25 — (1) — 24 — 24% 51 3 — 54 46 14 9 1 — 24 22 (2) (1) — 19 (1) 20% Net revenue. Net revenue was $2,336 million for fiscal year 2011, compared to $2,093 million for fiscal year 2010, an increase of $243 million or 12%. Net revenue increased during fiscal year 2011 primarily due to strength in our wired infrastructure target market, as well as strength in our wireless communications and industrial and automotive electronics target markets. The year over year increase in net revenue was partially due to improved general economic conditions during the year, compared to fiscal year 2010 and also due to our introduction of a number of new, proprietary products, which helped us to grow net revenues substantially over the period. However, uncertainty with regard to the direction of the global economy has returned in recent months. Our three largest target markets, by revenue, are wireless communications, industrial and automotive electronics and wired infrastructure, with computer and consumer computing peripherals typically representing a much smaller percentage of our overall net revenue. The percentage of total net revenue generated by sales into each of our target markets varies from quarter to quarter, due largely to fluctuations in end-market demand, including the effects of seasonality. The first fiscal quarter is typically our lowest revenue and cash generating quarter due, in part, to holiday shut downs at many original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, customers and distributors, and the first half of the fiscal year tends to generate lower revenue than the second half. We saw a return to this typical seasonality during the first half of fiscal year 2011. However, typical seasonality and industry cyclicality may be being overshadowed by wider macroeconomic effects, such as the current worldwide volatility in the financial markets and slowing growth in China's economy. In addition, the ongoing flooding in Thailand, a critical area for manufacturing many components important for the semiconductor supply chain, is having an impact on certain semiconductor and optical component supply chains, including our own. Certain of our optical sensors, wireless multimarket and industrial optocoupler products were being tested and assembled with a contract manufacturer based in the flood-zone, whose facilities there have been shut down as a result. We are in the process of moving equipment and qualifying new contract manufacturers to bring the manufacturing of these products back to pre-flood levels. We expect this work to be substantially completed during the course of the first quarter of fiscal year 2012. Net revenue by target market data is derived from our understanding of our end customers’ primary markets, and was as 42 follows: % of Net Revenue Wireless communications Industrial and automotive electronics Wired infrastructure Consumer and computing peripherals Total net revenue Net Revenue Wireless communications Industrial and automotive electronics Wired infrastructure Consumer and computing peripherals Total net revenue Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 Change 38% 29 28 5 38% 29 24 9 100% 100% —% — 4 (4) Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 (In millions) $ $ $ 887 672 659 118 $ 796 605 509 183 2,336 $ 2,093 $ Change 91 67 150 (65) 243 Net revenue from wireless communications products, increased in absolute dollars in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010, while remaining flat as a percentage of net revenue. The launch of next-generation smart phones at leading new and existing OEM customers, which incorporate many of our proprietary products such as 3G and 4G radio frequency filters and power amplifiers drove revenue growth during fiscal year 2011. Net revenue from our industrial and automotive electronics products increased in absolute dollars in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010, while remaining flat as a percentage of net revenue. The increase in the fiscal year 2011 was due to particular strength in sales of optocouplers, industrial fiber optic transceivers and industrial motion encoders. We continued to benefit from strong demand in renewable energy, smart power grid installations and transportation applications, in both developed economies and emerging economies such as China. Demand in our industrial market slowed towards the end of fiscal year 2011 as a result of slower economic growth in China and a slow-down in the renewable energy sector. We believe this has caused some ongoing inventory corrections in the supply chain in this target market. The effects of this were particularly noticeable in demand for servo drives and inverters for renewable energy applications in Europe and Asia-Pacific towards the end of fiscal year 2011 and we expect this contraction to continue into the early part of fiscal year 2012. Net revenue from our wired infrastructure target market increased substantially, in absolute dollars and also increased as a percentage of net revenue, in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010. Spending on enterprise networking data centers, storage systems and core routing grew during the year. In addition, we introduced a number of new fiber optic transceivers and ASICs in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010, which contributed to the increase in revenue. The strong growth in sales of our ASIC products compared to fiscal year 2010 was due primarily to strength in next-generation data center switching. Increase in revenue recognized on development contracts for future ASIC products in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010, also contributed to the increase in revenue. Net revenue from our consumer and computing peripheral target market decreased in absolute dollars and as a percentage of net revenue in fiscal year 2011, compared with fiscal year 2010. This reflected a decline in sales of optical sensors used in optical mice and sales of motion encoders used in applications such as optical disc drives and printers in fiscal year 2011. Net revenue from this target market during this period was also affected by ongoing softness in the personal computer and printer market. Gross margin. Gross margin was $1,147 million for fiscal year 2011 compared to $966 million for fiscal year 2010, an increase of $181 million or 19%. As a percentage of net revenue, gross margin increased to 49% for fiscal year 2011 from 46% for fiscal year 2010. The increase in gross margin percentage was primarily attributable to continuing improvements in product mix. During fiscal year 2011, compared fiscal year 2010, a higher proportion of our net revenues were from products sold into the wired infrastructure target market and from sales of our proprietary products, which generally earn higher gross margins than our other products, partially offset by continued strong sales of our wireless products and changes in the mix of our wireless products. Gross margin benefited from a reduction in depreciation expense of $3 million in fiscal year 2011 resulting 43 from a change in the duration of the useful lives of certain of our assembly and test equipment. We also released charges of $7 million during fiscal year 2011 for warranty costs compared to charges of $12 million recorded in fiscal year 2010. See Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Research and development. Research and development expense was $317 million for fiscal year 2011, compared to $280 million for fiscal year 2010, an increase of $37 million or 13%. As a percentage of net revenue, research and development expenses remained flat at 14% for fiscal year 2011 compared to fiscal year 2010. The increase in absolute dollars was primarily attributable to $13 million in additional research and development project materials and supplies, an $8 million increase in compensation expense resulting from annual salary adjustment, a $6 million increase in share-based compensation expense due to grants of share-based awards at higher fair market values, a $5 million increase in depreciation expense and a $2 million increase in hardware test services in fiscal year 2011 as compared to fiscal year 2010. These increases were partially offset by $1 million in accrued reimbursements pursuant to research and development grants. We expect research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future, due to the increasing complexity and number of products we plan to develop. Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expense was $220 million for the year ended October 30, 2011 compared to $196 million for the year ended October 31, 2010, an increase of $24 million or 12%. As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expense remained flat at 9% for the year ended October 30, 2011 compared to the year ended October 31, 2010. The increase in absolute dollars was attributable to an $8 million increase in legal expenses related to offensive litigation matters initiated in fiscal year 2010, a $7 million increase in compensation expense resulting from annual salary adjustments, a $6 million increase in share-based compensation expense due to grants of share- based awards at higher fair market values, a $2 million increase in sales commissions expense paid to our sales employees, and a $2 million increase in third party IT fees, partially offset by a $5 million decrease in incentive compensation expense related to our employee bonus program, which is a variable expense related to our overall profitability in fiscal year 2011 as compared to fiscal year 2010. Amortization of intangible assets. Total amortization of intangible assets incurred was $78 million and $79 million, respectively, for fiscal years 2011 and 2010. Restructuring charges. During fiscal year 2011, we incurred total restructuring charges of $4 million, compared to $4 million for fiscal year 2010, both predominantly representing employee termination costs. See Note 10. “Restructuring Charges” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Interest expense. Interest expense was $4 million for fiscal year 2011, compared to $34 million for fiscal year 2010, which represents a decrease of $30 million. The decrease is primarily due to the redemption of the remaining $230 million aggregate principal amount of our senior subordinated rate notes on December 1, 2010. Loss on extinguishment of debt. During fiscal year 2011, we redeemed $230 million aggregate principal amount of our senior subordinated notes. The redemption of the senior subordinated notes resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $19 million. During fiscal year 2011, we also terminated our senior secured revolving credit facility. There were no outstanding loan borrowings under this facility at the time of termination. This termination resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1 million, related to the write-off of debt amortization costs and other related expenses. During fiscal year 2010, we redeemed $318 million aggregate principal amount of our senior fixed rate notes and the remaining $46 million aggregate principal amount of our senior floating rate notes. The redemption of the senior fixed rate notes and senior floating rate notes in fiscal year 2010 resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $24 million. See Note 7. “Borrowings” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net includes interest income, foreign currency gain (loss), loss on other-than-temporary impairment of investment and other miscellaneous items. Other income, net was $1 million for fiscal year 2011 compared to other expense, net was $2 million for fiscal year 2010. The increase to other income, net for fiscal year 2011, compared to other expense, net for fiscal year 2010 is primarily attributable to a decrease in foreign currency losses, and an increase in interest income due primarily to higher cash balances compared to the same period in prior year. Provision for (benefit from) income taxes. We recorded an income tax expense totaling $9 million for fiscal year 2011 compared to an income tax benefit of $9 million for fiscal year 2010. The provision for income taxes in 2011 included a $3 million tax benefit for the increase in deferred tax assets from U.S. legislation retroactively reinstating the research and development tax credit and a $3 million tax benefit from a change in estimate related to research and development tax credits. The benefit from income taxes in 2010 included a $29 million benefit from the release of deferred tax asset valuation allowances, mainly associated with irrevocably calling our senior subordinated notes for redemption in October 2010, partially offset by a write-off of $6 million of deferred tax assets resulting from the grant of a new tax incentive in Malaysia. 44 Year Ended October 31, 2010 Compared to Year Ended November 1, 2009 The following tables set forth our results of operations for the years ended October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009. Statement of Operations Data: Net revenue Cost of products sold: Cost of products sold Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total cost of products sold Gross margin Research and development Selling, general and administrative Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Advisory agreement termination fee Selling shareholder expenses Total operating expenses Income from operations Interest expense Loss on extinguishment of debt Other income (expense), net Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 (In millions) (As a percentage of net revenue) $ 2,093 $ 1,484 100% 100 % 1,068 58 1 1,127 966 280 196 21 3 — — 500 466 (34) (24) (2) 406 (9) 415 $ 855 58 11 924 560 245 165 21 23 54 4 512 48 (77) (8) 1 (36) 8 (44) 51 3 — 54 46 14 9 1 — — — 24 22 (2) (1) — 19 (1) 20% 58 4 1 63 37 17 11 1 1 4 — 34 3 (5) (1) — (3) — (3)% Income (loss) from operations before taxes Provision for income taxes Net income (loss) $ During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recorded an accrual of $4 million for indirect taxes on certain prior years’ purchase and sale transactions. This accrual increased cost of products sold and research and development expenses for the year ended November 1, 2009 by $2 million each and increased net loss for the year by $4 million. We determined that the impact of the adjustment was not material to prior periods or to the results for the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, and as such the adjustment was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009 under ASC 270 “Interim Reporting.” Net revenue. Net revenue was $2,093 million for the year ended October 31, 2010, compared to $1,484 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, an increase of $609 million or 41%. This year over year increase was due, in large part, to the improvement in global economic conditions that occurred during this period, but also due to our introduction of a number of new, proprietary products over the year, which helped us to grow net revenues substantially over the period. Net revenue by target market data is derived from our understanding of our end customers’ primary markets, and was as follows: % of Net Revenue Wireless communications Industrial and automotive electronics Wired infrastructure Consumer and computing peripherals Total net revenue Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 Change 38% 29 24 9 42% 22 26 10 (4)% 7 (2) (1) 100% 100% 45 Net Revenue Wireless communications Industrial and automotive electronics Wired infrastructure Consumer and computing peripherals Total net revenue Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 Change (In millions) 796 $ 605 509 183 $ 622 332 384 146 2,093 $ 1,484 $ $ $ 174 273 125 37 609 Net revenue from wireless communications products, in absolute dollars increased in fiscal year 2010 compared with fiscal year 2009. The growth of key platforms in next-generation smart phones at leading OEM customers, which incorporate many of our products such as FBAR filters, power amplifiers and PA-Duplexer front-end modules as well as optical finger navigation sensors, drove this revenue growth. Revenue from this target market decreased as a percentage of net revenue due to the disproportionate growth in revenues from the industrial and automotive electronics target market. Net revenue from industrial and automotive electronics products, both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of net revenue, substantially increased in fiscal year 2010 compared with fiscal year 2009. The increase was in large part due to the effects of a recovery in market conditions from fiscal year 2009. The growth in this target market was broad based, with particular strength in sales of optocouplers, industrial fiber optic transceivers and motion encoders. We benefitted from increased spending on and new uses for our devices in applications such as inverters, servo machine tools and programmable logic controller/fieldbus industrial data communications systems used in power production and distribution, including renewable energy and smart power grid installations, factory automation and transportation applications, as well as gains in market share for a number of these products. We believe a substantial amount of the demand for these products was driven by spending on infrastructure in emerging economies. Net revenue from wired infrastructure products, in absolute dollars, increased in fiscal year 2010 compared with fiscal year 2009, as spending on enterprise networking data centers and core routing improved and also due, in part, to gains in market share. Wired networking continued to benefit from increasing demand for data traffic, generating increased demand for fiber-optic based networking connections to replace copper-based connections and generating increased demand for higher speed SerDes communications links. Net revenue from consumer and computing peripheral products, in absolute dollars, increased in fiscal year 2010 compared with fiscal year 2009, reflecting improved sales of optical sensors used in optical mice and improved sales of motion encoders used in applications such as optical disc drives and printers during fiscal year 2010. However, this target market continues to be adversely affected by ongoing weakness in consumer spending and we did not experience the usual seasonal benefits in our personal computer-related businesses in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2010. The categorization of revenue by target market is determined using a variety of data points including the technical characteristics of the product, the “sold to” customer information, the “ship to” customer information and the end customer product or application into which our product will be incorporated. As data systems for capturing and tracking this data evolve and improve, the categorization of products by target market can vary over time. When this occurs, we reclassify revenue by target market for prior periods. Such reclassifications typically do not materially change the sizing of, or the underlying trends of results within, each target market. Gross margin. Gross margin was $966 million for the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to $560 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, an increase of $406 million or 73%. As a percentage of net revenue, gross margin increased to 46% for the year ended October 31, 2010 from 37% for the year ended November 1, 2009. The increase in gross margin percentage was attributable to continuing improvements in product mix, as well as increased operating levels in our internal fabrication facilities. During the year ended October 31, 2010, compared to the year ended November 1, 2009, a higher proportion of our net revenues were from products sold into the industrial and automotive electronics target market and from sales of our proprietary products, which generally earn higher gross margins than our other products. During the year ended October 31, 2010, we recorded write-downs to inventories associated with reduced demand assumptions of $15 million compared to $23 million during the year ended November 1, 2009. We also recorded charges of $12 million during the year ended October 31, 2010 for warranty costs compared to $8 million in the year ended November 1, 2009. See Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Research and development. Research and development expense was $280 million for the year ended October 31, 2010, compared to $245 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, an increase of $35 million or 14%. As a percentage of net revenue, research and development expenses decreased to 14% for the year ended October 31, 2010 from 17% for the year ended November 1, 2009. The increase in absolute dollars was primarily attributable to $11 million increase in incentive 46 compensation expense related to our employee bonus program, which is a variable expense related to our overall profitability, $6 million increase in compensation expense resulting from annual salary adjustment, $4 million increase in share-based compensation expense due to grants of share-based awards at higher fair market values and $11 million in additional research and development project materials and supplies in fiscal year 2010 as compared to the year ended November 1, 2009. The decrease as a percentage of net revenue is attributable to higher net revenue in fiscal year 2010. We expect research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future, due to the increasing complexity and number of products we plan to develop. Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expense was $196 million for the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to $165 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, an increase of $31 million or 19%. As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expense decreased to 9% for the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to 11% for the year ended November 1, 2009. The increase in absolute dollars was attributable to $11 million increase in incentive compensation expense related to our employee bonus program which is a variable expense related to our overall profitability in fiscal year 2010 as compared to the year ended November 1, 2009, $2 million increase in sales commissions expense paid to our sales employees, $3 million increase in compensation expense resulting from annual salary adjustment, $8 million increase in share-based compensation expense due to grants of share-based awards at higher fair market values, $3 million increase in third party fees and $4 million increase in computer and related services. The decrease as a percentage of net revenue was attributable to higher net revenue in fiscal year 2010. Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal year 2009 does not include $54 million that we recorded related to the termination of the advisory agreement with our Sponsors pursuant to its terms, upon the closing of the IPO, as well as approximately $4 million of offering costs incurred in our IPO that relate to selling shareholders which were absorbed by us. The advisory agreement termination fees and the selling shareholder expenses are included as separate components of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for fiscal year 2009. Amortization of intangible assets. Total amortization of intangible assets incurred was $79 million each, for the years ended October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009. Restructuring charges. During the year ended October 31, 2010, we incurred total restructuring charges of $4 million, compared to $34 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, both predominantly representing employee termination costs. We undertook significant restructuring activities in fiscal year 2009 in response to the then macroeconomic business conditions and some incremental restructuring activities in fiscal year 2010, which resulted in significantly higher restructuring charges in fiscal year 2009 compared to fiscal year 2010. See Note 10. “Restructuring Charges” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Interest expense. Interest expense was $34 million for the year ended October 31, 2010, compared to $77 million for the year ended November 1, 2009, which represents a decrease of $43 million or 56%. The decrease is primarily due to the redemption and repurchases of $364 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding notes made in fiscal year 2010. Interest expense is expected to be significantly lower during fiscal year 2011, compared to fiscal year 2010, due to the redemption of the remaining $230 million aggregate principal amount of our senior subordinated rate notes on December 1, 2010. Loss on extinguishment of debt. During the year ended October 31, 2010, we redeemed $318 million aggregate principal amount of our senior fixed rate notes and the remaining $46 million aggregate principal amount of our senior floating rate notes. The redemption of the senior fixed rate notes and senior floating rate notes in fiscal year 2010 resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $24 million. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we repurchased an aggregate of $106 million of debt, consisting of $85 million in principal amount of senior fixed rate notes, $17 million in principal amount of senior subordinated notes and $4 million in principal amount of senior floating rate notes in a tender offer for all or a part of our outstanding notes, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt in fiscal year 2009 of $9 million. We also repurchased $3 million in principal amount of senior subordinated notes in the open market, resulting in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $1 million during the year ended November 1, 2009. See Note 7. “Borrowings” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other income (expense), net. Other income (expense), net includes interest income, foreign currency gain (loss), loss other-than-temporary impairment of investment and other miscellaneous items. Other expense, net was $2 million for the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to other income, net was $1 million for the year ended November 1, 2009. The decrease is primarily attributable to a $2 million decrease in government grants received and a $1 million increase in currency losses during the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to the year ended November 1, 2009. Provision for (benefit from) income taxes. We recorded an income tax benefit totaling $9 million for the year ended October 31, 2010 compared to an income tax expense of $8 million for the year ended November 1, 2009. The decrease is primarily attributable to the release of $29 million of deferred tax asset valuation allowances, mainly associated with the Company irrevocably calling our senior subordinated notes for redemption in October 2010, partially offset by the write-off of $6 million of deferred tax assets resulting from the grant of a new tax incentive in Malaysia, and an increase in overall tax provision due to an increase in worldwide taxable income. 47 Liquidity and Capital Resources The following section discusses our principal liquidity and capital resources as well as our principal liquidity requirements and sources and uses of cash. Our cash and cash equivalents are maintained in highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase. We believe our cash equivalents are liquid and accessible. Our primary sources of liquidity as at October 30, 2011 consisted of: (1) approximately $829 million in cash and cash equivalents, (2) cash we expect to generate from operations and (3) our $200 million revolving credit facility, which is committed until March 31, 2015, all of which is available to be drawn. Our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements primarily arise from: (i) working capital requirements, (ii) research and development and capital expenditure needs, including acquisitions from time to time and (iii) quarterly dividend payment and any share repurchases we may choose to make under our share repurchase program. Our ability to fund these requirements will depend on our future cash flows, which are determined by future operating performance and are, therefore, subject to prevailing global macroeconomic conditions and financial, business and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. In June 2011, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 15 million of the Company’s outstanding ordinary shares, not to exceed $500 million, in the aggregate, in open market transactions prior to the date on which the 2012 Annual General Meeting of the Company is held or is required by law to be held. During the year ended October 30, 2011, we repurchased an aggregate of 2.6 million shares for an aggregate purchase price of $93 million, pursuant to this authorization. Our cash and cash equivalents increased by $268 million to $829 million at October 30, 2011 from $561 million at October 31, 2010 primarily as a result of $726 million in cash provided by operating activities and $70 million in cash received from the issuance of ordinary shares under our employee share option plans and employee share purchase plans. Partially offsetting this increase were $112 million cash paid for capital expenditures, $93 million of cash paid to repurchase 2.6 million of our ordinary shares, and $86 million in dividends paid to our shareholders. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents on hand, and cash flows from operations, combined with availability under our revolving credit facility, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, projected working capital requirements, capital spending, quarterly dividends (if and when declared by our Board) and any share repurchases we may choose to make under our share repurchase program for at least the next 12 months. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for fiscal year 2012 will be higher than for fiscal year 2011, due to spending on capacity expansion in our Fort Collins internal fabrication facility and equipment to support various research and development projects. If we do not have sufficient cash to fund our operations or finance growth opportunities, including acquisitions, or unanticipated capital expenditures, our business and financial condition could suffer. We could also reduce certain expenditures such as repurchases of our ordinary shares and payment of our quarterly dividend. In such circumstances we may seek to obtain debt or equity financing in the future. However, we cannot assure that such additional financing will be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Our ability to service any indebtedness we may incur, including under our revolving credit facility, will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. In addition, even though we may not need additional funds, we may still elect to sell additional debt or equity securities or increase our current credit facility for other reasons. The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated (in millions): Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 726 (122) (336) 268 $ $ 510 (86) (335) 89 $ $ 139 (63) 183 259 Cash Flows for the Years Ended October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended October 30, 2011 was $726 million. The net cash provided by operating activities was principally due to net income of $552 million and non-cash charges of $209 million, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $35 million. Accounts receivable increased to $328 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $285 million at the end of fiscal year 2010. Accounts receivable days sales outstanding increased to 48 days at October 30, 2011 from 45 days at October 31, 2010 primarily due to linearity of shipments in the last three months of fiscal year 2011 as compared to the last three months of fiscal year 2010. We use the current quarter revenue in our calculation of number of days sales outstanding. 48 Inventory increased to $194 million at October 30, 2011 from $189 million at October 31, 2010. The increase in inventory dollar amount is attributable to anticipated increased demand. Inventory days on hand decreased slightly from 61 days at October 31, 2010 to 58 days at October 30, 2011. We use the current quarter cost of products sold in our calculation of days on hand of inventory. Current liabilities decreased to $350 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $565 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the redemption in December 2010 of $230 million of long-term debt that was classified as current at October 31, 2010 (as it had been irrevocably called for redemption before the fiscal year end) and decreases in accrued interest and other current liabilities, offset by increases in accounts payable and employee compensation and benefits accruals. Accrued interest decreased to less than $1 million at October 30, 2011 from $12 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the debt redemption and semi-annual interest payments made during fiscal year 2011. Other current liabilities decreased to $38 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $41 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 primarily due to an $11 million decrease in accrued warranty related to settlement payments and reassessment of replacement parts exposure, partially offset by a $4 million increase in current income tax payable and a $3 million increase in deferred revenue. Accounts payable increased to $221 million as at October 30, 2011 from $198 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 due to timing of disbursements and higher volume of purchases to support the increase in revenue over the year. Employee compensation and benefits increased to $89 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $82 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to salary increases and our employee bonus program related to our overall profitability. Other long-term assets increased to $61 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $44 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the increase in long-term deferred tax assets. Other long-term liabilities increased to $86 million at the end of fiscal year 2011 from $83 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the change in actuarial assumptions used in the valuation of our U.S. post-retirement benefit plan liabilities and the net periodic pension expenses recorded during the year for our U.S. post-retirement benefit plan. Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended October 31, 2010 was $510 million. The net cash provided by operating activities was principally due to net income of $415 million and non-cash charges of $194 million, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $99 million. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended October 30, 2011 was $122 million. The net cash used in investing activities principally related to purchases of property, plant and equipment of $112 million, in connection with the expansion of our internal manufacturing facilities in Fort Collins, Colorado, and in Singapore and $8 million related to a business acquisition completed in fiscal year 2011. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended October 31, 2010 was $86 million. The net cash used in investing activities principally related to purchases of property, plant and equipment of $79 million and acquisitions and investments of $9 million. Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended October 30, 2011 was $336 million. The net cash used in financing activities was principally due to the redemption of the remaining $230 million in principal amount of our senior subordinated notes, an aggregate of $86 million in payments of cash dividends to shareholders and the payment of an aggregate of $93 million to repurchase and cancel 2.6 million shares of our ordinary shares under our share repurchase program. This was partially offset by $70 million in net proceeds provided by the exercises of options and purchases of our ordinary shares by employees under our ESPP. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended October 31, 2010 was $335 million, comprised mainly of the redemption of $318 million in principal amount of senior fixed rate notes and $46 million principal amount of senior floating rate notes, offset by $28 million provided by the issuance of ordinary shares, upon the exercise of options. Cash Flows for the Years Ended October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended October 31, 2010 was $510 million. The net cash provided by operating activities was principally due to net income of $415 million and non-cash charges of $194 million, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $99 million. Accounts receivable increased to $285 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 from $186 million at the end of fiscal year 2009. Accounts receivable days sales outstanding increased to 45 days at October 31, 2010 from 40 days at November 1, 2009 primarily due to linearity of shipments in the last three months of fiscal year 2010 as compared to the last three months of fiscal year 2009. We use the current quarter revenue in our calculation of number of days sales outstanding. Inventory increased to $189 million at October 31, 2010 from $162 million at November 1, 2009. The increase in inventory 49 dollar amount is attributable to anticipated increased demand. Inventory days on hand decreased slightly from 62 days at November 1, 2009 to 61 days at October 31, 2010. We use the current quarter cost of products sold in our calculation of days on hand of inventory. Current liabilities decreased from $633 million at the end of fiscal year 2009 to $565 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the net decrease in short-term debt of $134 million as a result of redemption of $364 million of long-term debt that was classified as a current liability as of November 1, 2009 (as it had been irrevocably called for redemption before the fiscal year end) and decreases in accrued interest and the $230 million of long-term debt (our senior subordinated notes) that was classified as a current liability as of October 31, 2010 (as it had been irrevocably called for redemption before the fiscal year end). This decrease was offset by an increase in accounts payable and employee compensation and benefits. Accrued interest decreased $13 million or 52% from fiscal year 2009 mainly due to the debt redemption and semi-annual interest payments made during fiscal year 2010. Accounts payable increased to $198 million from $154 million at the end of fiscal year 2009 mainly due to timing of disbursements and higher volume of purchases related to increase in revenue. Employee compensation and benefits increased to $82 million from $55 million at fiscal year 2009 mainly due to our employee bonus program related to our overall profitability. Other long-term assets increased from $24 million at the end of fiscal year 2009 to $44 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the $29 million release of valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets primarily associated with the irrevocable call for redemption of our senior subordinated notes prior to the end of fiscal year 2010. Other long-term liabilities increased from $64 million at the end of fiscal year 2009 to $83 million at the end of fiscal year 2010 mainly due to the change in actuarial assumptions used in the valuation of our U.S. post-retirement benefit plan and non-U.S. defined benefit pension plan liabilities. Net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended November 1, 2009 was $139 million. The net loss of $44 million was offset primarily by non-cash charges of $160 million for depreciation and amortization and $12 million in share-based compensation expense. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended October 31, 2010 was $86 million. The net cash used in investing activities principally related to purchases of property, plant and equipment of $79 million and acquisitions and investments of $9 million. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended November 1, 2009 was $63 million. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to purchases of property, plant and equipment of $57 million and $7 million related to a business acquisition. Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended October 31, 2010 was $335 million, comprised mainly of the redemption of $318 million in principal amount of senior fixed rate notes and $46 million principal amount of senior floating rate notes, offset by $28 million provided by the issuance of ordinary shares, upon the exercise of options. Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended November 1, 2009 was $183 million. The net cash provided by financing activities was principally from proceeds of $304 million from the issuance of ordinary shares, net of issuance costs, less $85 million associated with the purchase of senior fixed rate notes, $17 million associated with the purchase of senior subordinated notes and $4 million associated with the purchase of senior floating rate notes as part of an early tender offer. Indebtedness As of October 30, 2011, we had $6 million of capital lease obligations. At such date, we also had $200 million of borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility. Revolving Credit Facility During fiscal year 2011, we terminated our senior secured revolving credit facility. There were no outstanding loan borrowings under the existing revolving credit facility at the time of termination. This termination resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1 million, related to the write-off of debt amortization costs and other related expenses. In connection with the termination of our senior secured revolving credit facility, on March 31, 2011, Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd., or Avago Finance, and certain other subsidiaries of the Company entered into a new credit agreement. The credit agreement provides for a $200 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a term of four years. The revolving credit facility is available for cash borrowings and for the issuance of letters of credit up to a sub-limit of $40 million. The credit agreement contains (i) financial covenants requiring Avago Finance to maintain a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio; (ii) customary restrictive covenants that limit Avago Finance's and certain of the Company's 50 other subsidiaries' ability to, among other things, create liens, merge or consolidate with and into other persons, and sell assets; (iii) customary events of default, upon the occurrence of which, after any applicable grace period, the lenders will have the ability to accelerate all outstanding loans thereunder and terminate the commitments; and (iv) customary representations and warranties. In addition, Avago Finance has the ability, at any time, to increase the aggregate commitments under the credit agreement from $200 million to $300 million subject to certain conditions, and the receipt of sufficient commitments for such increase from the lenders. Certain subsidiaries of the Company guarantee the revolving credit facility. Borrowings under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility are subject to floating rates of interest and will bear interest at a rate per annum equal to: Base Rate Advances: the highest of (x) Citibank’s publicly announced base rate from time to time, (y) the U.S. Federal funds rate plus 0.5% and (z) the British Bankers Association Interest Settlement Rate, or BBA LIBOR Rate applicable to Dollars for a period of one month plus 1.00%; or Eurocurrency Advances: the rate per annum obtained by dividing (x) the BBA LIBOR Rate for deposits in Dollars for the applicable interest period by (y) a percentage equal to 100% minus the Eurocurrency liabilities reserve percentage specified by the U.S. Federal Reserve System for such interest period, plus, in each case, a margin based on the credit rating of Avago Finance’s long-term unsecured debt or Avago Finance’s corporate credit rating, as applicable, or the Avago Public Debt Rating. Avago Finance is also required to pay the lenders a commitment fee at a rate per annum that varies based on the Public Debt Rating. As of October 30, 2011, we had no borrowings outstanding under the new revolving credit facility and were in compliance with the financial covenants under our credit agreement. We did not draw on our revolving credit facility during fiscal year 2011. Contractual Commitments Our cash flows from operations are dependent on a number of factors, including fluctuations in our operating results, accounts receivable collections, inventory management, and timing of payments. As a result, the impact of contractual obligations on our liquidity and capital resources in future periods should be analyzed in conjunction with such factors. The following table sets forth our contractual obligations and commitments as of October 30, 2011 for the fiscal periods noted (in millions): Operating leases(1) Capital leases(2) Purchase Commitments (3) Revolving credit facility commitments(4) Other Contractual Commitments(5) _______________________________________ Total 2012 2013 to 2014 2015 to 2016 Thereafter $ $ 39 5 57 2 49 $ 9 2 57 1 22 $ 17 2 — 1 26 $ 9 1 — — 1 4 — — — — (1) Includes operating lease commitments for facilities and equipment that we have entered into with third parties. (2) Includes capital lease commitments for equipment that we have entered into with third parties. (3) We purchase components from a variety of suppliers and use several contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for our products. During the normal course of business, we issue purchase orders with estimates of our requirements several months ahead of the delivery dates. However, our agreements with these suppliers usually allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed. Typically purchase orders outstanding with delivery dates within 30 days are non-cancelable. In addition to the above non-cancelable purchase commitments, we record a liability for firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments for quantities in excess of our future demand forecasts in conjunction with our write-down of inventory. As of October 30, 2011, the liability for our firm, non-cancelable and unconditional purchase commitments was $4 million. These amounts are included in other liabilities in our balance sheets at October 30, 2011, and are excluded from the preceding table. (4) Represents commitment fees and letter of credit fees. (5) Represents amounts payable pursuant to agreements related to outsourced IT, human resources, financial infrastructure outsourcing services and other services agreements. We adopted the provisions of the income tax accounting guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes on 51 November 1, 2007. Due to the inherent uncertainty with respect to the timing of future cash outflows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits at October 30, 2011, we are unable to reliably estimate the timing of cash settlement with the respective taxing authority. Therefore, $29 million of unrecognized tax benefits classified as long-term income tax payable in the consolidated balance sheet as of October 30, 2011 have been excluded from the contractual obligations table above. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements at October 30, 2011 as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K. Indemnifications to Hewlett-Packard and Agilent Agilent Technologies, Inc. has given multiple indemnities to Hewlett-Packard Company in connection with its activities prior to its spin-off from Hewlett-Packard Company in June 1999 for the businesses that constituted Agilent prior to the spin- off. As the successor to the SPG business of Agilent, we may acquire responsibility for indemnifications related to assigned intellectual property agreements. Additionally, when we completed the SPG Acquisition in December 2005, we provided indemnities to Agilent with regard to Agilent’s conduct of the SPG business prior to the SPG Acquisition. In our opinion, the fair value of these indemnifications is not material. Other Indemnifications As is customary in our industry and as provided for in local law in the United States and other jurisdictions, many of our standard contracts provide remedies to our customers and others with whom we enter into contracts, such as defense, settlement, or payment of judgment for intellectual property claims related to the use of our products. From time to time, we indemnify customers, as well as our suppliers, contractors, lessors, lessees, companies that purchase our businesses or assets and others with whom we enter into contracts, against combinations of loss, expense, or liability arising from various triggering events related to the sale and the use of our products, the use of their goods and services, the use of facilities and state of our owned facilities, the state of the assets and businesses that we sell and other matters covered by such contracts, usually up to a specified maximum amount. In addition, from time to time we also provide protection to these parties against claims related to undiscovered liabilities, additional product liability or environmental obligations. In our experience, claims made under such indemnifications are rare and the associated estimated fair value of the liability is not material. Accounting Changes and Recent Accounting Standards For a description of accounting changes and recent accounting standards, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Foreign Currency Derivative Instruments Although a majority of our revenue and operating expenses is denominated in U.S. dollars, and we prepare our financial statements in U.S. dollars in accordance with GAAP, a portion of our revenue and operating expenses is in foreign currencies. Our revenues, costs and expenses and monetary assets and liabilities are exposed to changes in currency exchange rates as a result of our global operating and financing activities. To mitigate the exposures resulting from the changes in the exchange rates of these currencies, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge a portion of these exposures. Contracts that meet accounting criteria are designated at inception as hedges of the related foreign currency exposures, which include committed and anticipated transactions that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The criteria for designating a derivative as a hedge include the assessment of the instrument’s effectiveness in risk reduction, matching of the derivative instrument to its underlying transaction, and the assessment of the probability that the underlying transaction will occur. Our foreign exchange forward contracts generally mature within three to six months. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. As of October 30, 2011, there were no foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding. Losses from foreign currency transactions, as well as derivative instruments, are included in our consolidated statements of operations in the amounts of $0 million, $4 million and $3 million for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009. 52 Interest Rate Risk Borrowings under our revolving credit facility are subject to floating rates of interest. Any significant changes in interest rates would increase our borrowing costs under our credit facility. However, a hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in short-term interest rates would not have a material impact on our revolving credit facility. We did not have any borrowings outstanding under this facility during fiscal year 2011 or as at October 30, 2011. 53 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Operations Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Page 55 56 57 58 59 60 54 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Avago Technologies Limited: In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(1) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Avago Technologies Limited and its subsidiaries at October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 30, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits (which were integrated audits in 2011 and 2010). We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP San Jose, California December 15, 2011 55 AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Trade accounts receivable, net Inventory Other current assets Total current assets Property, plant and equipment, net Goodwill Intangible assets, net Other long-term assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable Employee compensation and benefits Accrued interest Capital lease obligations — current Other current liabilities Current portion of long-term debt Total current liabilities Long-term liabilities: Capital lease obligations — non-current Other long-term liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) Shareholders’ equity: Ordinary shares, no par value; 245,962,320 shares and 239,888,231 shares issued and outstanding on October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, respectively Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total shareholders’ equity Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 (In millions, except share amounts) $ $ $ $ 829 328 194 42 561 285 189 52 1,393 1,087 316 177 499 61 281 172 573 44 2,446 $ 2,157 221 $ 198 89 — 2 38 — 350 4 86 440 1,479 525 2 2,006 $ 2,446 $ 82 12 2 41 230 565 4 83 652 1,450 59 (4) 1,505 2,157 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 56 AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 Net revenue Cost of products sold: Cost of products sold Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total cost of products sold Gross margin Research and development Selling, general and administrative Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Advisory agreement termination fee Selling shareholder expenses Total operating expenses Income from operations Interest expense Loss on extinguishment of debt Other income (expense), net Income (loss) before income taxes Provision for (benefit from) income taxes Net income (loss) Net income (loss) per share: Basic: Net income (loss) per share Diluted: Net income (loss) per share Weighted average shares : Basic Diluted $ $ $ $ (In millions, except per share data) 2,336 2,093 $ $ 1,133 1,068 56 — 1,189 1,147 317 220 22 4 — — 563 584 (4) (20) 1 561 9 552 $ $ $ 2.25 2.19 245 252 58 1 1,127 966 280 196 21 3 — — 500 466 (34) (24) (2) 406 (9) 415 1.74 1.69 238 246 $ $ $ Dividends declared and paid per share $ 0.35 $ — $ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 57 1,484 855 58 11 924 560 245 165 21 23 54 4 512 48 (77) (8) 1 (36) 8 (44) (0.20) (0.20) 219 219 — AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Cash flows from operating activities: Net income (loss) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization Amortization of debt issuance costs Loss on extinguishment of debt Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment Non-cash portion of restructuring charges Impairment of investment Share-based compensation Tax benefits from share-based compensation Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: Trade accounts receivable, net Inventory Accounts payable Employee compensation and benefits Other current assets and current liabilities Other long-term assets and long-term liabilities Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows used in investing activities: Purchase of property, plant and equipment Acquisitions and investments, net of cash acquired Purchase of intangible assets Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations Loan receivable from cost method investee Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from (used in) financing activities: Debt repayments Debt financing costs Payment on capital lease obligation Issuance of ordinary shares, net of issuance costs Repurchase of ordinary shares Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation Cash settlement of equity awards Dividend payments to shareholders Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Cash paid for interest Cash paid for income taxes October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 (In millions) November 1, 2009 $ 552 $ 415 $ 157 159 1 6 1 — — 38 14 (8) (42) (5) 25 7 (13) (7) 726 (112) (9) — — — (1) (122) (230) (2) (3) 70 (93) 8 — (86) (336) 268 561 829 14 7 $ $ $ 2 8 2 — — 25 — (2) (96) (26) 23 27 (16) (11) 510 (79) (9) — 2 — — (86) (364) — (2) 28 — 3 — — (335) 89 472 561 46 6 $ $ $ $ $ $ (44) 160 4 8 2 1 2 12 1 (1) — 27 (16) (19) (39) 41 139 (57) (7) (1) — 2 — (63) (114) — (1) 304 (6) 1 (1) — 183 259 213 472 79 10 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 58 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED Ordinary Shares Shares Amount Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (loss) (In millions, except share amounts) Total Shareholders’ Equity Comprehensive Income (loss) Balance as of November 2, 2008 213,517,292 Issuance of ordinary shares, net of issuance costs of $23 million 21,500,000 1,084 300 Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with equity incentive plans Repurchase of ordinary shares Cash settlement of equity awards Share-based compensation Tax benefits from share-based compensation Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): Actuarial losses and prior service costs associated with post- retirement benefit and defined benefit pension plans, net of taxes Unrealized net gain on derivative instruments Net loss 1,183,405 (807,800) — — — — — — 3 (6) (1) 12 1 — — — Balance as of November 1, 2009 235,392,897 1,393 Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with equity incentive plans 4,495,334 Share-based compensation Tax benefits from share-based compensation Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): Actuarial losses and prior service costs associated with post- retirement benefit and defined benefit pension plans, net of taxes Net income — — — — 28 25 4 — — Balance as of October 31, 2010 239,888,231 1,450 Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with equity incentive plans Repurchase of ordinary shares Share-based compensation Tax benefits from share-based compensation Cash dividends paid to shareholders Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investment Actuarial gains and prior service costs associated with post- retirement benefit and defined benefit pension plans, net of taxes Net income Balance as of October 30, 2011 8,711,944 (2,637,855) — — — — — — 70 (93) 38 14 — — — — 245,962,320 $ 1,479 $ (312) — — — — — — — (44) (356) — — — — 415 59 — — — — (86) — — 552 525 $ 8 — — — — — (6) 1 — 3 — — — (7) — (4) — — — — — 3 3 — 2 $ 780 300 87 3 (6) (1) 12 1 (6) 1 (44) 1,040 $ 28 25 4 (7) 415 1,505 $ 70 (93) 38 14 (86) 3 3 552 $ 2,006 $ (6) 1 (44) (49) (7) 415 408 3 3 552 558 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 59 AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. Overview and Basis of Presentation Overview Avago Technologies Limited was organized under the laws of the Republic of Singapore in August 2005. References to the Company, we, our or Avago are to Avago Technologies Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires. We are the successor to the Semiconductor Products Group, or SPG, of Agilent Technologies, Inc., or Agilent. On December 1, 2005, we acquired substantially all of the assets of SPG from Agilent for $2.7 billion, or the SPG Acquisition. We are a designer, developer and global supplier of analog semiconductor devices with a focus on III-V based products. We offer products in four primary target markets: wireless communications, wired infrastructure, industrial and automotive electronics, and consumer and computing peripherals. Applications for our products in these target markets include cellular phones, consumer appliances, data networking and telecommunications equipment, enterprise storage and servers, renewable energy and smart power grid applications, factory automation, displays, optical mice and printers. Basis of Presentation Fiscal Periods We operate on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year which ends on the Sunday closest to October 31. Principles of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Avago and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could affect the results of operations reported in future periods. Out-of-period adjustment. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recorded an accrual of $4 million for indirect taxes on certain prior years’ purchases and sales transactions. This accrual increased cost of products sold by $2 million and research and development expenses by $2 million for fiscal year 2009 and increased net loss for the period by $4 million. We determined that the impact of the adjustment was not material to prior periods or to the results for the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, and the adjustment was therefore recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009 under the accounting guidance on interim reporting. Cash and cash equivalents. We consider all highly liquid investment securities with original or remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. We determine the appropriate classification of our cash and cash equivalents at the time of purchase. As of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, $0 million and $2 million, respectively, of our cash and cash equivalents were restricted, primarily for collateral under certain of our letter of credit arrangements. Trade accounts receivable, net. Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Such accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We determine the allowance based on customer specific experience and the aging of such receivables, among other factors. Accounts receivable are also recorded net of sales returns and distributor allowances. These amounts are recorded when it is both probable and estimable that discounts will be granted or products will be returned. Aggregate accounts receivable allowances at October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 were $23 million and $16 million, respectively. Concentrations of credit risk and significant customers. Our cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents may be redeemable upon demand and are maintained with several financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality and therefore bear minimal credit risk. The Company seeks to mitigate its credit risks by spreading such risks across multiple counterparties and monitoring the risk profile of these counterparties. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers 60 located in the U.S. and internationally. Credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is generally diversified due to the large number of entities comprising our customer base and their dispersion across many different industries and geographies. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial conditions, and require collateral, such as letters of credit and bank guarantees, in certain circumstances. We sell our products through our direct sales force, manufacturers representatives and distributors. Two customers accounted for 15% and 10%, respectively, of our net accounts receivable balance at October 30, 2011. No customer accounted for 10% or more of our net accounts receivable balance at October 31, 2010. For the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, no customer represented 10% or more of net revenue. Concentration of other risks. The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, competitive pricing pressures and cyclical market patterns. Our financial results are affected by a wide variety of factors, including general economic conditions worldwide, economic conditions specific to the semiconductor industry, timely implementation of new manufacturing technologies, ability to safeguard patents and other intellectual property in a rapidly evolving market and reliance on assembly and test subcontractors, third-party wafer fabricators and independent distributors. In addition, the semiconductor market has historically been cyclical and subject to significant economic downturns at various times. We are exposed to the risk of obsolescence of our inventory depending on the mix of future business. Inventory. We value our inventory at the lower of the actual cost of the inventory or the current estimated market value of the inventory, with cost being determined under the first-in, first-out method. We record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our forecast of product demand and production requirements. The excess balance determined by this analysis becomes the basis for our excess inventory charge and the written-down value of the inventory becomes its cost. Written-down inventory is not written up if market conditions improve. Investments. Our minority investments in privately held companies are accounted for using the cost method and evaluated for impairment quarterly. Such analysis requires significant judgment to identify events or circumstances that would likely have a significant other than temporary adverse effect on the carrying value of the investment. We classify publicly- traded equity securities held by us as available-for-sale investments. These investments are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on these investments are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We classify our investments as non-current based on the nature of the investments and whether they are available for use in current operations. At October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, we had $6 million and $3 million of investments, respectively, included in other long-term assets. Deferred Compensation Plan. Employee contributions under the deferred compensation plan (See Note 6. “Retirement Plans and Post-Retirement Benefits”) are maintained in a rabbi trust and are not readily available to us. Participants can direct the investment of their deferred compensation plan accounts in the same investments funds offered by the 401(k) plan. Although participants direct the investment of these funds, they are classified as trading securities and are included in other current assets. The corresponding liability related to the deferred compensation plan is recorded in other current liabilities. Unrealized gain (loss) in connection with these trading securities is recorded in other income (expense), net with an offset for the same amount recorded in compensation expense. We had deferred compensation plan assets of $5 million and $3 million at October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, respectively, which are included in other current assets. Unrealized gain (loss) associated with these trading securities was not material for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009. Derivative instruments. We are subject to foreign currency risks for transactions denominated in foreign currencies, primarily Singapore Dollar, Malaysian Ringgit, Euro and Japanese Yen. Therefore, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to manage financial exposures resulting from the changes in the exchange rates of these foreign currencies. These contracts are designated at inception as hedges of the related foreign currency exposures, which include committed and anticipated transactions that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary which has the exposure. We exclude time value from the measurement of effectiveness. To achieve hedge accounting, contracts must reduce the foreign currency exchange rate risk otherwise inherent in the amount and duration of the hedged exposures and comply with established risk management policies; our hedging contracts generally mature within three to six months. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. We designate our forward contracts as either cash flow or fair value hedges. All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair values. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, changes in value of the instruments are recognized in income in the current period. Such hedges are recorded in net income (loss) and are offset by the changes in fair value of the underlying assets or liabilities being hedged. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, changes in the value of the effective portion of the derivative instrument are recognized in accumulated comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity. These amounts are then reclassified and recognized in income when either the forecasted transaction occurs or it becomes probable the forecasted transaction will not occur. Changes in the fair value of the ineffective portion of derivative instruments are recognized in earnings in the current 61 period, which have not been significant to date. Separate disclosures required for derivative instruments and hedging were not presented because the impact of derivative instruments is immaterial to our results of operations and financial position. Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Additions, improvements and major renewals are capitalized, and maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or disposed of, the assets and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from our records and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations. Buildings and leasehold improvements are generally depreciated over 15 to 40 years, or over the lease period, whichever is shorter, and machinery and equipment are generally depreciated over 3 to 10 years. We use the straight-line method of depreciation for all property, plant and equipment. Capitalized software development costs. We capitalize eligible costs related to the application development phase of software developed internally or obtained for internal use in accordance with the accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets. The capitalization of software development costs during the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 was not material. We begin amortizing the costs associated with software developed for internal use at the time the software is ready for its intended use over its estimated useful life of 3 years. Goodwill and purchased intangible assets. Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Our accounting complies with the accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed annually (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise) for impairment. Purchased intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the respective assets, generally six months to 25 years. On a quarterly basis, we monitor factors and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include (i) significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, (ii) significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, and (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends. An impairment loss must be measured if the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and before interest) from the use and eventual disposition of the asset (or asset group) is less than the net book value of the asset (or asset group). The amount of the impairment loss will generally be measured as the difference between the net book value of the asset (or asset group) and their estimated fair value. We perform an annual impairment review of goodwill during the fourth fiscal quarter of each year, or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. No impairment of goodwill resulted from our most recent evaluation of goodwill for impairment, which occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011. No impairment of goodwill resulted in any of the periods presented. Warranty. We accrue for the estimated costs of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Product warranty costs are estimated based upon our historical experience and specific identification of the products requirements, which may fluctuate based on product mix. Additionally, we accrue for warranty costs associated with occasional or unanticipated product quality issues if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. The following table summarizes the changes in accrued warranty (in millions): Balance as of November 1, 2009 — included in other current liabilities Charged to cost of products sold Warranty accrual assumed during the period in connection with an acquisition Utilized Balance as of October 31, 2010 — included in other current liabilities Adjustment to estimate - released to cost of products sold Utilized Balance as of October 30, 2011 — included in other current liabilities $ $ $ 7 12 1 (3) 17 (7) (4) 6 During the year ended October 30, 2011, we released warranty related charges of $6 million and during the year ended October 31, 2010, we recorded warranty related charges of $11 million, respectively, based on one specific quality issue, which are included in the amounts presented in the table above. See Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies” for further details. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes certain transactions that have generally been reported in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss). The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 consisted of net unrecognized prior service credit and actuarial gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plans 62 and post-retirement medical benefit plans, unrealized gain on available-for-sale security investments and unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments. Revenue recognition. We recognize revenue, net of trade discounts and allowances, provided that (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred, (iii) the price is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectibility is reasonably assured. Delivery is considered to have occurred when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer. We consider the price to be fixed or determinable when the price is not subject to refund or adjustments or when any such adjustments are accounted for. We evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers to determine that appropriate credit limits are established prior to the acceptance of an order. Revenue, including sales to resellers and distributors, is reduced for estimated returns and distributor allowances. We recognize revenue from sales of our products to distributors upon delivery of products to the distributors. An allowance for distributor credits covering price adjustments and scrap allowances is made based on our estimate of historical experience rates as well as considering economic conditions and contractual terms. To date, actual distributor claim activity has been materially consistent with the provisions we have made based on our historical estimates. We enter into development agreements with some of our customers and recognize revenue from these agreements upon completion and acceptance by the customer of contract deliverables or as services are provided, depending on the terms of the arrangement. Revenue is deferred for any amounts billed or received prior to completion or delivery of services. Costs related to these arrangements are included in research and development expense. These revenues, which are included in net revenue, totaled $52 million, $35 million and $31 million in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Research and development. Costs related to research, design and development of our products are charged to research and development expense as they are incurred. Government grants. Investment incentives related to government grants are recognized when a legal right to the grant exists, there is reasonable assurance that both the terms and conditions associated with the grant will be fulfilled and the grant proceeds will be received. For capital expenditure related government grants, the amount of the grants is recorded as a deferred credit and amortized over the useful life of the asset. All other government grants are recorded as a reduction of the qualifying cost being reimbursed. Share-based compensation expense. For share-based awards granted after November 1, 2006, we recognize compensation expense based on the estimated grant date fair value method required under the authoritative guidance using the Black-Scholes valuation model with a straight-line amortization method. Since the authoritative guidance requires that share- based compensation expense be based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest, estimated share-based compensation for such awards has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Authoritative guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised if necessary in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from the estimate. For outstanding share- based awards granted before November 1, 2006, we continue to account for any portion of such awards under the originally applied accounting principles, until such awards were modified subsequent to the adoption of the authoritative guidance. For the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, we recorded $38 million, $25 million and $12 million, respectively, of compensation expense resulting from the application of the authoritative guidance. We recognize a benefit from share-based compensation in shareholders' equity if an incremental tax benefit is realized by following the ordering provisions of the tax law. Shipping and handling costs. Our shipping and handling costs charged to customers are included in net revenue and the associated expense is recorded in cost of products sold in the statements of operations for all periods presented. Advertising. Business specific advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included within selling, general and administrative expense amounted to $4 million, $4 million and $2 million for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively. Foreign currency remeasurement. We operate in a U.S. dollar functional currency environment. As such, foreign currency assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates except for non-monetary items such as inventory and property, plant and equipment, which are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Net income (loss) for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009 included net foreign currency losses of $0 million, $4 million and $3 million, respectively. Taxes on income. We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax 63 liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, we would make an adjustment to the valuation allowance which would reduce the provision for income taxes. Likewise, if we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. We account for uncertainty in income taxes in accordance with accounting guidance on income taxes. The guidance provides that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits. Income tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized upon the adoption of accounting guidance on income taxes and in subsequent periods. This guidance also addresses measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. See Note 11. “Income Taxes” for additional information. Net income (loss) per share. Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of ordinary shares and potentially dilutive share equivalents outstanding during the period. Diluted shares outstanding includes the dilutive effect of in-the-money options, restricted share units, or RSUs, and employee share purchase rights under the Avago Technologies Limited Employee Share Purchase Plan, or ESPP. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and to purchase shares under the ESPP, the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized, and the amount of tax benefits that would be recorded in additional paid-in capital when the award becomes deductible are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares. Diluted net income per share for fiscal years 2011 and 2010 excluded the potentially dilutive effect of weighted average options to purchase 1 million and 5 million ordinary shares, respectively, as their effect was antidilutive. The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share computations for the periods presented (in millions, except per share data): Net income (loss) (Numerator): Net income (loss) Shares (Denominator): Basic weighted average ordinary shares outstanding Add: Incremental shares for: Dilutive effect of share options, RSUs, and ESPP rights Shares used in diluted computation Net income (loss) per share: Basic: Net income (loss) per share Diluted: Net income (loss) per share Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ 552 $ 415 $ (44) 245 7 252 238 8 246 219 — 219 $ $ 2.25 2.19 $ $ 1.74 1.69 $ $ (0.20) (0.20) In fiscal year 2011, the guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, on the milestone method of revenue recognition became effective. The new guidance recognizes the milestone method as an acceptable revenue recognition method for substantive milestones in research or development transactions. A milestone is substantive when the consideration earned from achievement of the milestone is commensurate with either (a) the vendor's performance to achieve the milestone or (b) the enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from the vendor's performance to achieve the milestone and the consideration earned from the achievement of a milestone relates solely to past performance and is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms (including other potential milestone considerations) within the arrangement. The guidance may be applied retrospectively to all arrangements or prospectively to milestones achieved after the effective date. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of 64 operations and financial position. In fiscal year 2011, we adopted the FASB's updated guidance that amends the requirements for evaluating whether a decision maker or service provider has a variable interest to clarify that a quantitative approach should not be the sole consideration in assessing the criteria. It also clarifies that related parties should be considered in applying all of the decision maker and service provider criteria. This is in addition to the authoritative guidance the FASB issued in June 2009 that applies to determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity and requiring an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise's variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity. This new guidance eliminates the exceptions to consolidating qualifying special-purpose entities, contains new criteria for determining the primary beneficiary, and increases the frequency of required reassessments to determine whether a company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. The guidance also contains a new requirement that any term, transaction, or arrangement that does not have a substantive effect on an entity's status as a variable interest entity, a company's power over a variable interest entity, or a company's obligation to absorb losses or its right to receive benefits of an entity must be disregarded in applying the existing provisions. The elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept and its consolidation exceptions means more entities will be subject to consolidation assessments and reassessments. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In fiscal year 2011, we adopted the guidance the FASB issued on revenue recognition that addresses how to determine whether an arrangement involving multiple deliverables contains more than one unit of accounting and how the arrangement consideration should be allocated among the separate units of accounting. The guidance may be applied retrospectively or prospectively for new or materially modified arrangements. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In fiscal year 2011, we adopted the FASB guidance that modifies the scope of the software revenue recognition guidance to exclude (a) non-software components of tangible products and (b) software components of tangible products that are sold, licensed or leased with tangible products when the software components and non-software components of the tangible product function together to deliver the tangible product's essential functionality. The guidance may be applied retrospectively or prospectively for new or materially modified arrangements. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted In September, 2011, the FASB issued an updated guidance on multiemployer pension plans. This guidance is intended to provide more information about an employer's financial obligations to a multiemployer pension plan and, therefore, help financial statement users better understand the financial health of all of the significant plans in which the employer participates. The updated guidance does not change the current recognition and measurement guidance for an employer's participation in a multiemployer plan. This guidance will be effective for our fiscal year ending October 28, 2012, or fiscal year 2012, with early adoption permitted. Other than requiring additional disclosures in our financial statements, we believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In August 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard update on goodwill impairment testing. This guidance is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test by providing entities an option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. An entity will no longer be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The new guidance will be effective for the first quarter of our fiscal year ending November 3, 2013, or fiscal year 2013, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect this new guidance to have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. The new guidance is intended to enhance comparability between entities that report under U.S. GAAP and those that report under International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, and to provide a more consistent method of presenting non-owner transactions that affect an entity's equity. In accordance with the new guidance, an entity has the option to present the total comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement or in two separate but consecutive statements and eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity. This new guidance should be applied retrospectively and will be effective for our first quarter of our fiscal year 2013, with early adoption permitted. Other than its impact on the presentation of other comprehensive income, we believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In May 2011, the FASB issued an updated guidance on fair value measurement and related disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP, and the International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB, issued fair value measurement guidance (together, the new guidance). The new guidance amends U.S. GAAP and is a new standard under IFRS. The new guidance results in a 65 consistent definition of fair value and common requirements for measurement of and disclosure about fair value between U.S. GAAP and IFRS. While many of the amendments to U.S. GAAP are not expected to have a significant effect on practice, the new guidance changes some fair value measurement principles and disclosure requirements. The new guidance will be effective for the second quarter of our fiscal year 2012, with early adoption prohibited. Other than requiring additional disclosures in our financial statements, we do not expect this new guidance to have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. In January 2010, the FASB issued updated guidance related to fair value measurements and disclosures, which requires separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements relating to Level 3 fair value measurements (see Note 6. “Fair Value” for further discussion of fair value measurements). This guidance will be effective for our fiscal year 2012, and its interim periods. Other than requiring additional disclosures in our financial statements, we believe the adoption of this guidance will not have a significant impact on our results of operations and financial position. 3. Acquisitions and Investments Acquisitions During fiscal year 2011, we acquired a U.S.-based company engaged in the manufacturing of integrated circuits for approximately $8 million in cash. The purchase price was allocated to the acquired net assets based on estimates of fair values as follows: net assets of $8 million including intangible assets of $4 million and goodwill of $5 million. The intangible assets are being amortized over their useful lives ranging from 5 to 15 years. During fiscal year 2010, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of a China-based company engaged in the manufacturing of motion control encoder products for $8 million in cash. The purchase price was allocated to the acquired net assets based on estimates of fair values as follows: total assets of $11 million, including intangible assets of $5 million, goodwill of $1 million, and total liabilities of $3 million. The intangible assets are being amortized over their useful lives ranging from 9 to 25 years. During fiscal year 2009, we completed the acquisition of a manufacturer of motion control encoders from a Japan-based company for $7 million in cash, net of cash acquired. The purchase price was allocated to the acquired net assets based on estimates of fair values as follows: total assets of $11 million, including intangible assets of $4 million, goodwill of $1 million and total liabilities of $4 million. The intangible assets are being amortized over their useful lives ranging from 17 to 25 years. The consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of the acquired companies commencing on their respective acquisition dates. Pro forma results of operations for the acquisitions completed in the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 have not been presented because the effects of the acquisitions, individually or in the aggregate, were not material to our consolidated financial statements. Investments We record at cost non-marketable investments where we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence or control and periodically review them for impairment. In December 2010, we made an investment of $1 million in a privately-held company. The investment is accounted for under the cost method and is included on the balance sheet in other long-term assets. In September 2011, we also entered into a secured loan and warrant purchase agreement with this company pursuant to which we provided them with a secured loan of $1 million for a term of one year. As part of the consideration for making the loan, we also received a warrant to purchase up to 1,000,000 common shares of the company. At our option the warrant can be exercised for cash, by applying all or part of the outstanding loan principal balance to the warrant purchase price, on a dollar-for-dollar basis, or for a combination of cash and outstanding loan principal. During fiscal year 2010, we made an equity investment of $1 million in another privately-held company. Until July 2011, our equity investment in this company was accounted for under the cost method and periodically reviewed for impairment. In July 2011, upon the completion of the investee’s initial public offering on a non-U.S. stock exchange, its common stock became publicly traded and we classified our investment as an available-for-sale security. The investment is included on the balance sheet in other long-term assets. See Note 8. "Fair Value." 66 4. Balance Sheet Components Inventory Inventory consists of the following (in millions): Finished goods Work-in-process Raw materials Total inventory October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ 48 $ 106 40 194 $ 61 96 32 189 During the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011, we recorded write-downs to inventories of $20 million, associated with reduced demand assumptions, compared to $15 million recorded during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010 and $23 million recorded during the fiscal year ended November 1, 2009. Other Current Assets Other current assets consist of the following (in millions): Prepayments Deferred income tax assets Non-U.S. transaction tax receivable Other Total other current assets Property, Plant and Equipment, Net Property, plant and equipment, net consist of the following (in millions): Land Buildings and leasehold improvements Machinery and equipment Total property, plant and equipment Accumulated depreciation and amortization Total property, plant and equipment, net October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 7 18 3 14 42 $ $ 13 18 5 16 52 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 11 $ 133 593 737 (421) 316 $ 11 130 499 640 (359) 281 $ $ $ $ Depreciation expense was $79 million, $80 million and $81 million, for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively. Effective August 1, 2011, following a comprehensive study, we extended the estimated depreciable lives of certain equipment in our internal fabrication facilities, in order to more accurately reflect their expected useful lives. As a result of this change in our accounting estimate in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011, depreciation expense was reduced by $3 million and gross margin, income from operations and net income increased by approximately the same amount. At October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, machinery and equipment included $56 million and $50 million of software costs, respectively, and accumulated amortization included $41 million and $36 million, respectively. At October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, we had $12 million and $14 million of gross carrying amount of assets under capital leases, respectively, and accumulated amortization of $6 million and $8 million, respectively. At October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, we had $14 million and $7 million, respectively, of unpaid purchases of property, plant, and equipment included in accounts payable. Amounts reported as unpaid purchases are recorded as cash outflows from investing activities for purchases of property, plant, and equipment in the consolidated statement of cash flows in 67 the period they are paid. Other Current Liabilities Other current liabilities consist of the following (in millions): Income and other taxes payable Deferred revenue Supplier liabilities Restructuring charges Warranty Other Total other current liabilities 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill The following table summarizes changes in goodwill (in millions): Balance as of November 1, 2009 2010 acquisitions (Note 3. “Acquisitions and Investments”) Balance as of October 31, 2010 2011 acquisitions (Note 3. “Acquisitions and Investments”) Balance as of October 30, 2011 Intangible Assets Amortizable purchased intangibles consist of the following (in millions): $ $ October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 10 10 4 1 6 7 38 $ $ $ $ 6 7 3 — 17 8 41 171 1 172 5 177 As of October 30, 2011 Purchased technology Customer and distributor relationships Other Total As of October 31, 2010 Purchased technology Customer and distributor relationships Other Total Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Book Value $ $ $ $ 728 257 4 989 727 254 4 985 $ $ $ $ (346) (142) (2) (490) (290) (120) (2) (412) $ $ $ $ 382 115 2 499 437 134 2 573 68 The following table presents the amortization of purchased intangible assets (in millions): Cost of products sold Operating expenses Total October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 56 22 78 $ $ 58 21 79 $ $ 58 21 79 During fiscal year 2011, we recorded $4 million in intangible assets with a weighted-average amortization period of 14 years in conjunction with an acquisition. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010, we recorded $5 million of intangible assets with weighted average amortization period of 11 years in conjunction with an acquisition completed during fiscal year 2010. See Note 3. “Acquisitions and Investments.” Based on the amount of intangible assets subject to amortization at October 30, 2011, the expected amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (in millions): Fiscal Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Thereafter Amount 77 77 77 76 59 133 499 $ $ The weighted average amortization periods remaining by intangible asset category were as follows (in years): Amortizable intangible assets: Purchased technology Customer and distributor relationships Other October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 8 7 22 9 8 22 6. Retirement Plans and Post-Retirement Benefits Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans. We have defined benefit plans in Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Germany, Italy and France. 401(k) Defined Contribution Plan. Our U.S. eligible employees participate in the Avago Technologies U.S. Inc. 401(k) Plan, or the 401(k) Plan. Enrollment in the 401(k) Plan is automatic for employees who meet eligibility requirements unless they decline participation. Under the 401(k) Plan, we provide matching contributions to employees up to a maximum of 6% of an employee’s annual eligible compensation. The matching contribution percentage was increased to 6% from 4% of eligible compensation effective January 1, 2011. The maximum contribution to the 401(k) Plan is 50% of an employee’s annual eligible compensation, subject to regulatory and plan limitations. The 401(k) Plan expense is included in the corporate employee overhead rate allocation. U.S. Deferred Compensation Plan. We also have a deferred compensation plan, which allows highly compensated employees (as defined by IRS regulations) to defer greater percentages of compensation than would otherwise be permitted under the salary deferral 401(k) plan and IRS regulations. The deferred compensation plan is a non-qualified plan of deferred compensation maintained in a rabbi trust. Participants can direct the investment of their deferred compensation plan accounts in the same investment funds offered by the 401(k) plan. U.S. Post-Retirement Medical Benefit Plans. Our U.S. employees who transferred to us from Agilent as part of the SPG Acquisition, who were age 49 or younger on January 1, 2005 and who meet the retirement eligibility requirements as of their termination dates, may receive post-retirement medical benefits under our retiree medical account program. Under our retiree medical account program, eligible retirees are allocated a spending account of either $40,000 or $55,000, depending on the retiree’s age at January 1, 2005, from which the retiree can receive reimbursement for premiums paid for medical coverage to age 65. U.S. employees who transferred to us from Agilent and who were age 50 or over on January 1, 2005 may be eligible for 69 our traditional retiree medical plan upon meeting certain eligibility requirements and certain service criteria. Once participating in the traditional retiree medical plan, retirees are provided with access to both pre-65 medical coverage and supplemental Medicare coverage with medical premiums based on the type of coverage chosen and service criteria. Retirees in this group are also given the option to choose the $55,000 retiree medical account program instead of the traditional retiree medical plan. Non-U.S Retirement Benefit Plans. In addition to the defined benefit plan for certain employees in Taiwan, Korea, Japan, France, Italy and Germany, other eligible employees outside of the U.S. receive retirement benefits under various defined contribution retirement plans. Eligibility is generally determined based on the terms of our plans and local statutory requirements. The net pension plan costs of our non-U.S defined benefit plans for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 were $5 million, $3 million and $2 million, respectively. The net pension plan costs for the year ended November 1, 2009 is net of $1 million of curtailment gain, related to our restructuring activities. See Note 10. “Restructuring Charges.” The net pension plan costs of our U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 were $1 million each. For the year ended October 30, 2011, we recognized $4 million of unrealized net actuarial gains in accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax of $0 million), related to our non-U.S. defined benefit plans. Of the unrealized net actuarial losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income, related to our non U.S. defined benefit plans, we expect to recognize $0 million in fiscal year 2012. For the year ended October 31, 2010, we recognized $6 million of unrealized net actuarial losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss (net of tax of $1 million), related to our non-U.S. defined benefit plans. During the year ended October 30, 2011, we recognized $1 million of unrealized net actuarial losses in accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax of $1 million), related to our U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans, of which we expect to recognize immaterial amounts in fiscal year 2012. During the year ended October 31, 2010, we recognized $1 million of unrealized net actuarial losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss (net of tax of $1 million), related to our U.S. post- retirement medical benefit plans. Of the unrealized prior service cost included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, related to our U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans, $0 million was recognized in fiscal year 2011. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recognized $6 million of unrealized net actuarial losses in accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax of $1 million), related to our U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans. Other long-term assets include deferred tax assets relating to pension liabilities and post-retirement medical benefit plan liabilities. Funded Status. The funded status of the U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans and non-U.S. defined benefit plans was as follows (in millions): Change in plan assets: Fair value — beginning of period Employer contributions Fair value of plan assets — end of period Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation — beginning of period Service cost Interest cost Actuarial (gain) loss Plan amendments Benefit obligation — end of period Plan assets less than benefit obligation Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans U.S. Post Retirement Medical Benefit Plans October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 13 1 14 31 4 1 (5) 1 32 $ 13 — 13 21 2 1 7 — 31 $ $ $ $ — — — 25 — 1 1 — 27 $ $ $ $ — — — 21 1 1 2 — 25 (18) $ (18) $ (27) $ (25) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows (in millions): 70 Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans U.S. Post Retirement Medical Benefit Plans October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 Other current liabilities Other long-term liabilities Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of taxes: Prior service benefits (cost) Net actuarial gains (losses) Total amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of taxes $ $ $ $ — 18 $ $ — $ 1 1 $ $ $ — 18 — (3) $ $ $ 1 26 (1) (1) $ (3) $ (2) $ 1 24 (1) — (1) As of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, the amounts of the obligations for our non-U.S. defined benefit plans were as follows (in millions): Aggregate projected benefit obligation (“PBO”) Aggregate accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”) Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ 32 28 $ $ 31 25 We currently expect to make contributions of $0 million and $1 million, respectively, to our non-U.S. defined benefit plans and U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans in fiscal year 2012. It is expected that as of October 30, 2011 various benefit plans will make payments over the next ten fiscal years as follows (in millions): 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017-2021 Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans $ U.S. Post Retirement Medical Benefit Plans 1 $ 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 1 1 1 11 Our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans weighted average asset allocations by category were: Fixed income Time deposits Other Total Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Plans October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 Actual Target Actual Target 85% 12 3 100% 85% 12 3 100% 96% — 4 100% 96% — 4 100% Investment Policy. Plan assets of the funded defined benefit pension plans are invested in funds held by third-party fund managers or are deposited into government-managed accounts in which we have no active involvement in and no control over investment strategy, other than establishing broad investment guidelines and parameters. The plan assets held by third-parties consist primarily of fixed income funds and cash. The fund managers monitor the fund’s asset allocation within the guidelines established by our plan’s Investment Committee. In line with plan investment objectives and consultation with our management, our Investment Committee set an allocation benchmark among equity, bond and other assets based on the relative weighting of overall international market indices. The overall investment objectives of the plan are 1) the acquisition of suitable 71 assets of appropriate liquidity which will generate income and capital growth to meet current and future plan benefits, 2) to limit the risk of the assets failing to meet the long term liabilities of the plan, and 3) to minimize the long term costs of the plan by maximizing the return on the assets. Performance is regularly evaluated by the Investment Committee and is based on actual returns achieved by the fund manager relative to its benchmark. Fair Value Measurement of Plan Assets The following table presents the fair value of plan assets by major categories using the same three-level hierarchy described in Note 8. “Fair Value” (in millions): Assets: Fixed income Time deposits Other Total assets Fair Value Measurement as of October 30, 2011 Using Quoted Prices in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) $ $ 12 2 — 14 $ $ 12 2 — 14 Fixed income assets consist primarily of funds that invest in Euro-denominated government bonds. These government bonds are valued at quoted prices reported in the active market. Assumptions. The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations and expense for our non-U.S. defined benefit and U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans are presented in the table below. The expected long-term return on assets shown in the table below represents an estimate of long-term returns on investment portfolios primarily consisting of fixed income investments. We consider long-term rates of return, which are weighted based on the asset classes (both historical and forecasted) in which we expect the pension and post-retirement funds to be invested. Discount rates reflect the current rate at which non-U.S. defined benefit and U.S post-retirement medical benefit obligations could be settled based on the measurement dates of the plans, which in each case is our fiscal year end. The range of assumptions that are used for non-U.S. defined benefit plans reflects the different economic environments within various countries. Assumptions for Benefit Obligation as of Assumptions for Expense Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 Non-U.S. defined benefit plans: Discount rate 1.50%-5.75% 1.50%-5.00% 1.50%-5.00% 2.00%-6.50% 2.00%-6.50% Average increase in compensation levels 2.50%-3.50% 2.50%-5.00% 2.50%-5.00% 2.50%-5.00% 2.50%-5.00% Expected long-term return on assets 2.00%-4.00% 1.50%-4.00% 1.50%-4.00% 1.50%-5.25% 3.00%-5.25% Assumptions for Benefit Obligation as of Assumptions for Expense Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 U.S. post-retirement medical benefits plan: Discount rate Current medical cost trend rate Ultimate medical cost trend rate Medical cost trend rate decreases to ultimate trend rate in year 4.50% 9.00% 4.00% 5.00% 9.00% 4.50% 5.00% 9.00% 4.50% 5.50% 9.00% 5.00% 8.50% 9.00% 5.00% 2026 2025 2025 2019 2013 Changes in the assumed healthcare cost trend rates could have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the U.S. post-retirement medical benefit plans. A one percentage point change in the assumed healthcare cost trend rates for the year ended October 30, 2011 would have the following effects: 72 Effect on U.S. post-retirement medical benefit obligation (in millions) Percentage effect on U.S. post-retirement medical benefit obligation 1% Increase 3 $ 1% Decrease (2) $ 9% (8)% A one percentage point increase or decrease in our healthcare cost trend rates would have increased or decreased the service and interest cost components of the net periodic benefit cost by less than $1 million. 7. Borrowings Our borrowings as of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 consist of the following (in millions): Notes: 117/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015 Less: Current portion of long-term debt Long-term debt New Revolving Credit Facility October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ — — — $ $ 230 230 — On March 31, 2011, Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd., or Avago Finance, and certain other subsidiaries of the Company entered into a new credit agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions. The credit agreement provides for a $200 million unsecured, revolving credit facility. The credit agreement has a term of four years. The credit agreement includes (i) financial covenants requiring Avago Finance to maintain a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio; (ii) customary restrictive covenants (subject, in each case, to certain exceptions and amounts) that limit Avago Finance’s ability to, among other things, create liens, merge or consolidate with and into other persons, and sell assets; (iii) customary events of default, upon the occurrence of which, after any applicable grace period, the lenders will have the ability to accelerate all outstanding loans thereunder and terminate the commitments; and (iv) customary representations and warranties. In addition, Avago Finance has the ability, at any time, to increase the aggregate commitments under the credit agreement from $200 million to $300 million subject to the condition that no default or event of default shall have occurred and be continuing and other terms and conditions set forth in the credit agreement, and the receipt of sufficient commitments for such increase from the lenders. Certain subsidiaries of the Company guarantee the revolving credit facility. The credit agreement also provides for the issuance of letters of credit of up to $40 million in the aggregate, which reduces the available borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility on a dollar for dollar basis. As of October 30, 2011, we had no borrowings outstanding under the new revolving credit facility and were in compliance with the financial covenants under our credit agreement. Borrowings under the unsecured, revolving credit facility are subject to floating rates of interest and bear interest at a rate per annum equal to: Base Rate Advances: the highest of (x) Citibank’s publicly announced base rate from time to time, (y) the U.S. Federal funds rate plus 0.5% and (z) the British Bankers Association Interest Settlement Rate, or BBA LIBOR Rate applicable to Dollars for a period of one month plus 1.00%; or Eurocurrency Advances: the rate per annum obtained by dividing (x) the BBA LIBOR Rate for deposits in Dollars for the applicable interest period by (y) a percentage equal to 100% minus the Eurocurrency liabilities reserve percentage specified by the U.S. Federal Reserve System for such interest period, plus, in each case, a margin based on the credit rating of Avago Finance’s long-term unsecured debt or Avago Finance’s corporate credit rating, as applicable, referred to as the Avago Public Debt Rating. Avago Finance is also required to pay the lenders a commitment fee at a rate per annum that varies based on the Public Debt Rating. 73 Senior Secured Credit Facility In connection with the SPG Acquisition, we entered into a senior credit agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions, which provided for a $350 million senior secured revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes. As of October 31, 2010, no borrowings were outstanding under the senior secured revolving credit facility, although we had $11 million of letters of credits outstanding under the facility. On March 31, 2011, we terminated the senior secured credit facility. There were no outstanding loan borrowings under this facility at the time of termination. This termination resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1 million, related to the write-off of debt amortization costs and other related expenses. Senior and Senior Subordinated Notes In connection with the SPG Acquisition, we completed a private placement of $1,000 million principal amount of unsecured debt consisting of (i) $500 million principal amount of 10 1/8% Senior Notes due December 1, 2013, or senior fixed rate notes, (ii) $250 million principal amount of Senior Floating Rate Notes due June 1, 2013, or senior floating rate notes and, together with the senior fixed rate notes, the senior notes, and (iii) $250 million principal amount of 11 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due December 1, 2015, or senior subordinated notes. During fiscal year 2009, we repurchased $85 million in principal amount of senior fixed rate notes, $17 million in principal amount of senior subordinated notes and $4 million in principal amount of senior floating rate notes as part of an early tender offer, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $9 million, consisting of $6 million in premium and a write-off of $3 million debt issuance costs and other related expenses. We also repurchased $3 million in principal amount of senior subordinated notes from the open market, resulting in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $1 million. During fiscal year 2010, we redeemed $318 million in principal amount of senior fixed rate notes and $46 million in principal amount of the senior floating rate notes. We redeemed the senior fixed rate notes and senior floating rate notes at a 5.063% premium of the principal amount and no premium, respectively, plus accrued interest, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $24 million, which consisted of $16 million premium and an $8 million write-off of debt issuance costs and other related expenses. During the fiscal year 2011, we redeemed the remaining $230 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our senior subordinated notes. We redeemed the senior subordinated notes at a 5.938% premium of the principal amount plus accrued interest, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $19 million, which consisted of a $14 million premium and a $5 million write-off of debt issuance costs and other related expenses. Debt Issuance Costs Unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the new revolving credit facility were $2 million at October 30, 2011 and unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the senior and senior subordinated notes and the secured senior credit facility were $6 million at October 31, 2010, and are included in other current assets and other long-term assets on the balance sheet. Amortization of debt issuance costs is classified as interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations. 8. Fair Value Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three level hierarchy is applied to prioritize the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the guidance for fair value measurements are described below: Level 1 — Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Our Level 1 assets include time deposits, money market funds, bank acceptances, investment funds-deferred compensation plan assets and available-for-sale securities investments. We measure money market funds, investment funds and available-for-sale securities investments at quoted market price as they are traded in an active market with sufficient volume and frequency of transactions. Time deposits are highly liquid with maturities of ninety days or less. Due to their short-term maturities, we have determined that the fair value of time deposits should be at face value. In March 2010, we made a $1 million common stock investment in a privately-held non-U.S. company. Until 74 July 2011, this equity investment was accounted for under the cost method and periodically reviewed for impairment. In July 2011, upon the completion of the investee’s initial public offering on a non-U.S. stock exchange, its common stock became publicly traded and we classified our investment as an available-for-sale security reported at fair value, with unrealized gains, net of taxes, presented as a separate component of shareholders’ equity under the caption “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”. This available-for-sale securities investment was classified as a Level 1 asset as of October 30, 2011. Level 2 — Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, a Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. We did not have any Level 2 assets or liability activities during the year ended October 30, 2011. Level 3 — Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability in which there is little, if any market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. Level 3 assets and liabilities include cost method investments, goodwill, amortizable intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment, which are measured at fair value using a discounted cash flow approach when they are impaired. We did not have any Level 3 asset or liability activities during the year ended October 30, 2011. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The table below sets forth by level our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value as of October 30, 2011. The table does not include cash on hand and also does not include assets that are measured at historical cost or any basis other than fair value (in millions): Assets: Time deposits (1) Money market funds (1) Investment Funds - Deferred Compensation Plan Assets (2) Bank acceptances (2) Available-for-sale securities (3) Total assets measured at fair value Liabilities: Deferred Compensation Plan Liabilities (4) Total liabilities measured at fair value _______________________________________ October 30, 2011 Portion of Carrying Value Measured at Fair Value Fair Value Measurement Using Quoted Prices in Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) as of $ $ $ $ 522 100 5 1 4 632 5 5 $ $ $ $ 522 100 5 1 4 632 5 5 (1) Included in cash and cash equivalents in our consolidated balance sheet (2) Included in other current assets in our consolidated balance sheet (3) Included in other long-term assets in our consolidated balance sheet (4) Included in other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet During the year ended October 30, 2011, there were no material transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value instruments. Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis There were no non-financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value as of October 30, 2011. 75 Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments as of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 (in millions): Fixed rate debt October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value $ — $ — $ 230 $ 247 The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, to the extent the underlying liability will be settled in cash, approximate carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of the current portion of our long-term debt is based on quoted market rates. See Note 7. “Borrowings.” 9. Shareholders’ Equity In August 2009, we completed the initial public offering, or IPO, of our ordinary shares in which we sold 21,500,000 shares and our existing shareholders and certain employees sold 28,180,000 shares (including 6,480,000 shares sold in connection with the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option in full) at a public offering price of $15.00 per share. The net proceeds of the IPO to us were $296 million after deducting the underwriters’ discounts and commission and offering expenses. We used a portion of the net proceeds to pay to affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Co., or KKR, and Silver Lake Partners, or Silver Lake, and together with KKR, the Sponsors, $54 million in connection with the termination of our advisory agreement pursuant to its terms (with one-half payable to each equity sponsor). During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2009, we also used $106 million of the net proceeds from our IPO to repay a portion of our long-term indebtedness. During fiscal year 2009, we also repurchased 807,800 ordinary shares from terminated employees for $6 million cash. On January 27, 2010, our registration statement filed with the SEC in connection with the public offering and sale by certain shareholders of the Company of an aggregate of 25,000,000 of the Company’s ordinary shares, or the January Offering, was declared effective. The January Offering closed on February 2, 2010, and 25,000,000 shares were sold to the public at a price per share of $17.41 including a $0.41 per share discount to the underwriters. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares sold in the January Offering other than proceeds from options exercised by certain shareholders in connection with the sale of shares by them in the January Offering. On February 23, 2010, the underwriters exercised their option in full to purchase from certain selling shareholders up to an additional 3,750,000 ordinary shares to cover over-allotments, which transaction closed on February 26, 2010. On August 6, 2010, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC, through which we may sell from time to time any combination of ordinary shares, debt securities, warrants, rights, purchase contracts and units, in one or more offerings. Since then, certain of our shareholders have sold our ordinary shares in a number of registered public offerings, as set forth in the table below. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares sold in these offerings other than, in some instances, proceeds from options exercised by a shareholder in connection with the sale of shares by the shareholder in such offerings. Date of final prospectus (filed with the SEC) Date transaction closed Number of shares sold by shareholders in the transaction August 13, 2010 December 6, 2010 January 18, 2011 February 28, 2011 May 31, 2011 September 28, 2011 Share Repurchase Program August 18, 2010 December 10, 2010 January 21, 2011 March 4, 2011 June 3, 2011 October 3, 2011 14,905,000 25,000,000 25,000,000 25,000,000 25,000,000 17,250,000 On June 8, 2011, the Company's board of directors, or the Board, authorized the repurchase of up to 15 million of the Company's outstanding ordinary shares, not to exceed $500 million, in the aggregate, pursuant to the shareholder approval of the Company's 2011 share purchase mandate received at the Company's 2011 Annual General Meeting on March 30, 2011, or the 2011 Share Purchase Mandate. Pursuant to the 2011 Share Purchase Mandate, the Company, upon authorization of the 76 Board, is authorized to repurchase up to approximately 24.6 million ordinary shares (representing 10% of the outstanding shares on the date of the 2011 Annual General Meeting), in open market transactions or pursuant to equal access schemes, prior to the date on which the 2012 Annual General Meeting of the Company is held or is required by law to be held. The Company may not repurchase more than 15 million of ordinary shares, or more than $500 million, without further action by the Board. Share repurchases will be made in the open market at such times and in such amounts as the Company deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, market conditions and applicable legal requirements. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. All repurchased shares are immediately retired. The Company repurchased approximately 2.6 million shares for an aggregate purchase price of $93 million in cash, with a weighted average price per share of $35.35 during fiscal year 2011. As of October 30, 2011, $407 million or 12.4 million shares remained available for repurchase under this share repurchase program. Dividends During fiscal year 2011, aggregate cash dividends of $0.35 per share were declared and paid on the Company's outstanding ordinary shares, resulting in payment to our shareholders of an aggregate of $86 million. Equity Incentive Award Plans Effective December 1, 2005, we adopted two equity-based compensation plans, the Equity Incentive Plan for Executive Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries, or the Executive Plan, and the Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries, or the Senior Management Plan and, together with the Executive Plan, the Pre-IPO Equity Incentive Plans, which authorized the grant of options and share purchase rights covering up to 30 million ordinary shares. With effect from our IPO in August 2009, we are no longer permitted to make any further grants under the Pre-IPO Equity Incentive Plans. Options issued under the Executive Plan generally vest at a rate of 20% per year based on the passage of time, and the passage of time and attaining certain performance criteria, in each case subject to continued employment. Those options subject to vesting based on the passage of time may accelerate by one year upon certain terminations of employment. Options issued under the Senior Management Plan, generally vest at a rate of 20% per year based on the passage of time and continued employment. Options issued under the Pre-IPO Equity Incentive Plans, generally expire ten years following the date of grant unless granted to a non-employee, in which case the awards generally expire five years following the date of grant. All options awarded under these plans were granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value on the date of grant. In July 2009, our Board adopted, and our shareholders approved, the Avago Technologies Limited 2009 Equity Incentive Award Plan, or the 2009 Plan, to authorize the grant of options, share appreciation rights, restricted share units, dividend equivalents, performance awards, and other share-based awards. 20 million ordinary shares are initially reserved for issuance under the 2009 Plan, subject to annual increases starting in fiscal year 2012. The amount of the annual increase is equal to the least of (a) 6 million shares, (b) 3% of the ordinary shares outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (c) such smaller number of ordinary shares as determined by our Board. However, no more than 90 million ordinary shares may be issued upon the exercise of equity awards issued under the 2009 Plan. The 2009 Plan became effective upon closing of our IPO. Options issued to employees under the 2009 Plan prior to March 2011 generally expire ten years following the date of grant. With effect from March 2011, options issued to employees under the 2009 Plan will generally expire seven years after the date of grant. Options awarded to non-employees under this plan generally expire after five years. Options issued under the 2009 Plan generally vest over a four year period from the date of grant and are granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value on the date of grant. Any share options cancelled or forfeited under the Pre-IPO Equity Incentive Plans after the date of our IPO become available for issuance under the 2009 Plan. Starting in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2010, we began to grant restricted share units, or RSUs, as part of our equity compensation programs under the 2009 Plan. An RSU is an equity award that is granted with an exercise price equal to zero and which represents the right to receive one of our ordinary shares immediately upon vesting. RSU awards granted to employees are generally time-based and vest over four years. 77 A summary of option activity under our equity incentive award plans follows (in millions, except years and per share amounts): Awards Outstanding Balance as of November 2, 2008 Granted Exercised Cancelled Balance as of August 4, 2009 Shares authorized under 2009 Plan Granted Exercised Cancelled Balance as of November 1, 2009 Granted Exercised Cancelled Balance as of October 31, 2010 Granted Exercised Cancelled Balance as of October 30, 2011 Fully vested as of October 30, 2011 Fully vested and expected to vest as of October 30, 2011 Awards Available for Grant 5 (3) 1 3 20 (4) 1 17 (5) 2 14 (5) 1 10 Number Outstanding 21 3 (1) (1) 22 4 (1) (1) 24 5 (4) (2) 23 5 (8) (1) 19 5 18 Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7.03 9.25 5.00 6.76 7.49 15.48 4.58 9.24 8.69 19.52 6.46 10.88 11.50 32.42 7.59 17.11 17.93 11.26 17.46 6.96 6.29 6.93 $ $ $ 297 103 283 The following table summarizes significant ranges of outstanding and exercisable option awards as of October 30, 2011 (in millions, except years and per share amounts): Exercise Prices $0.00-5.00 5.01-10.00 10.01-15.00 15.01-20.00 20.01-25.00 25.01-30.00 30.01-35.00 35.01-40.00 Total Awards Outstanding Awards Exercisable Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share 4.24 7.11 6.64 8.10 8.75 7.44 6.42 6.60 6.96 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 4.96 9.21 11.99 17.61 20.53 29.33 32.56 37.33 17.93 Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 4.94 8.82 11.27 17.73 20.44 — 31.91 — 11.26 Number Exercisable 1 1 2 — 1 — — — 5 Number Outstanding 2 2 6 2 3 — 4 — 19 RSU activity and the number of outstanding RSUs were not material for either of the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010. 78 Employee Share Purchase Plan In September 2010, we implemented the Avago Employee Share Purchase Plan, as amended and restated in June 2010. The ESPP provides eligible employees with the opportunity to acquire an ownership interest in the Company through periodic payroll deductions, based on a six-month look-back period, at a price equal to the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares at either the beginning or ending of the relevant offering period. The ESPP is structured as a qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. However, the ESPP is not intended to be a qualified pension, profit sharing or stock bonus plan under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The ESPP will terminate on July 27, 2019 unless sooner terminated. The first offering period started in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2010 and ended in the second quarter of fiscal year 2011, therefore, no shares had been issued under the ESPP as at October 31, 2010. All 8 million shares authorized to be issued under the ESPP remained available for issuance as of October 31, 2010. During fiscal year 2011, employees purchased 0.3 million shares for aggregate consideration of $7 million. As at October 30, 2011, 7.7 million shares remained available for issuance under the ESPP. Share-Based Compensation Expense Share-based compensation expense consists of expense for stock options and RSUs granted to both employees and non- employees as well as expense associated with ESPP. For stock options granted after November 1, 2006, we recognize compensation expense based on the estimated grant date fair value method required under the authoritative guidance using Black-Scholes valuation model with a straight-line amortization method. Since the authoritative guidance requires that share-based compensation expense be based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest, estimated share-based compensation expense for such awards has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Changes in the estimated forfeiture rates can have a significant effect on share-based compensation expense since the effect of adjusting the rate is recognized in the period the forfeiture estimate is changed. For outstanding share-based awards granted before November 1, 2006 and not modified thereafter, we continue to account for any portion of such awards under the originally applied accounting principles. As a result, performance-based awards granted before November 1, 2006 were subject to variable accounting until such options are vested, forfeited, modified or cancelled. Variable accounting requires us to value the variable options at the end of each accounting period based upon the then current fair value of the underlying ordinary shares. Accordingly, our share-based compensation expense was subject to significant fluctuation based on changes in the fair value of our ordinary shares. On August 28, 2008, our Compensation Committee approved a change in the financial performance vesting targets applicable to options to purchase 3.8 million ordinary shares outstanding under our equity incentive plans, including 2.7 million options originally granted prior to the adoption of the authoritative guidance, impacting 43 employees. This change was accounted for as a modification under the authoritative guidance. As a result of this modification, all variable accounting on outstanding employee options ceased, and instead, pursuant to the authoritative guidance, we began recognizing unamortized intrinsic value of these modified options over the remaining service period. On July 20, 2009, our Compensation Committee approved a change in the vesting schedules associated with performance-based options to purchase 2.3 million ordinary shares outstanding under our Pre-IPO Equity Incentive Plans. The Compensation Committee approved the amendment of performance-based options held by certain of our executive officers to provide that such options will no longer vest based on the attainment of performance targets but instead such options shall vest two years following the first date such portion could have vested had the performance goals for such portion been achieved, subject to the named executive officer’s continued service with us through such vesting date. The performance-based options held by other employees were amended to provide that any portion of such options that fail to vest based upon the attainment of a performance goal shall vest on the date two years following the first date such portion could have vested had such performance goal been attained, subject to the employee’s continued service with us through such vesting date. The Compensation Committee made these changes to performance-based options in light of our then current financial projections, which were lower than when the performance goals for such options were last determined, the uncertainty present in the then prevailing global economy and the importance of retaining key employees to continue in our employment following our IPO. This change has been accounted for as a modification under the authoritative guidance and as a result we expected to record approximately $19 million in additional share-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, over the remaining weighted average service period of 4 years. We recognize compensation expense for RSUs using the straight-line amortization method based on the fair value of RSUs on the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is the closing market price of our ordinary shares on the date of grant, which is equal to their intrinsic value on the date of grant. We recorded $2 million of compensation expense related to RSUs for the year ended October 30, 2011. Compensation expense associated with RSU awards was not material to fiscal year 2010 results. We record share-based compensation expense based on an estimate of the fair value of rights to purchase ordinary shares 79 under the ESPP, and recognize this share-based compensation expense using the straight-line amortization method. We recorded $3 million and $0 million of compensation expense related to the ESPP for the years ended October 30, 2011 and October 30, 2010, respectively. The following table summarizes total share-based compensation expense for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 (in millions): Cost of products sold Research and development Selling, general and administrative Total share-based compensation expense Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 4 14 20 38 $ $ 3 8 14 25 $ $ — 4 8 12 The weighted-average assumptions utilized for our Black-Scholes valuation model for options and ESPP rights granted during the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 are as follows: Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield Volatility Expected term (in years) Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield Volatility Expected term (in years) Options Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 1.9% —% 45% 5.0 2.3% —% 52% 5.7 October 30, 2011 2.0% 0.91% 45% 5.0 ESPP Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 0.1% 0.58% 42.6% 0.5 0.2% —% 42.0% 0.5 The dividend yield for the year ended October 30, 2011 is based on the historical and expected dividend payouts as of the respective option grant dates. The dividend yield of zero for years ended October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 is based on the fact that we did not intend to declare any cash dividends as of the respective option grant dates during those periods. Expected volatility is based on the combination of historical volatility of guideline publicly-traded companies over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options and the implied volatility of guideline publicly-traded companies from traded options with a term of 180 days or greater measured over the last three months. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the average U.S. Treasury Strips rate during the period, which approximates the rate in effect at the time of grant. For all options granted after August 2, 2009 and a portion of options granted before August 2, 2009, our computation of expected term was based on other data, such as the data of peer companies and company-specific attributes that we believe could affect employees’ exercise behavior. For the majority of options granted prior to August 2, 2009, we used the simplified method specified by the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 to determine the expected term of stock options. Based on the above assumptions, the weighted-average fair values of the options granted under our equity incentive award plans for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 was $12.41, $8.17 and $5.34, respectively. The first six month purchase period under our ESPP began in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2010. The weighted- average fair values of the rights to purchase shares in the ESPP for the year ended October 30, 2011 were $8.52. RSUs were first granted in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year ended November 1, 2010. The weighted-average fair value of RSUs granted under the 2009 Equity Incentive Award Plan for the year ended October 30, 2011 was $32.41 and 0.5 million shares of RSUs are outstanding as of October 30, 2011. Based on our historical experience of pre-vesting option cancellations, for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, we have 80 assumed an annualized forfeiture rate of 8%, 8% and 12%, respectively, for our options. We have assumed an annualized forfeiture rate of 8% for RSUs for fiscal year 2011 and 0% for fiscal year 2010 because the related share-based compensation expense was not material for fiscal year 2010. We have assumed an annualized forfeiture rate of 0% for ESPP purchase rights for fiscal years 2011 and 2010 because the related share-based compensation expense was not material for either period. We will record additional expense if actual forfeitures are lower than we estimated, and will record a recovery of prior expense if actual forfeitures are higher than we estimated. Total compensation cost of options granted but not yet vested as of October 30, 2011 was $99 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average service period of 3 years. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP as of October 30, 2011 was $1 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining 4 months of the current offering period under the ESPP. Total compensation cost related to unvested RSUs as of October 30, 2011 was $13 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average service period of 3 years. The income tax benefits for share-based compensation expense was $14 million, $4 million and $1 million for fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, we recorded $2 million as share-based compensation expense in connection with the employee separation agreement entered into with our former Chief Operating Officer. See Note 10. “Restructuring Charges.” 10. Restructuring Charges From time to time, the Company has initiated a series of restructuring activities intended to realign the Company’s global capacity and infrastructure with demand by its customers so as to optimize the operational efficiency, which activities include reducing excess workforce and capacity, and consolidating and relocating certain facilities to lower-cost regions. The restructuring costs include employee severance, costs related to leased facilities and other costs associated with the early termination of certain contractual agreements due to facility closures. In January 2009, we committed to a restructuring plan intended to realign our cost structure with the then prevailing macroeconomic business conditions. The plan eliminated approximately 230 positions or 6% of our global workforce and was substantially completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2009, we announced a further reduction in our worldwide workforce of up to 200 employees. This plan was completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009. These employment terminations occurred in various geographies and functions worldwide. In connection with these plans, we recorded $26 million in employee termination costs during the year ended November 1, 2009. As of October 31, 2010, this charge had been paid in full. In January 2009, we committed to a plan to outsource certain manufacturing facilities in Germany. During the year ended November 1, 2009, we recorded $5 million of employee termination costs and $1 million related to asset abandonment and other exit costs and approximately $1 million related to excess lease costs in connection with this plan. As of October 31, 2010, the employee termination costs and the excess lease costs had been paid in full. During fiscal year 2009, we recorded and paid $1 million of employee termination costs and recognized $2 million as share-based compensation expense in connection with the departure of our former Chief Operating Officer in January 2009. As part of our efforts to realign our cost structure, we incurred approximately $3 million of employee termination costs and $1 million of excess lease costs during fiscal year 2010 and $4 million of employee termination costs during fiscal year 2011. 81 The significant activities within and components of the restructuring charges during the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 are as follows (in millions): Employee Termination Costs Asset Abandonment Costs Excess Lease Total Accrued restructuring as of November 2, 2008 — included in other current liabilities $ Charges to cost of products sold Charges to operating expenses Non-cash portion Cash payments Accrued restructuring as of November 1, 2009 — included in other current liabilities Charges to cost of products sold Charges to operating expenses Cash payments Accrued restructuring as of October 31, 2010 — included in other current liabilities Charges to operating expenses Cash payments $ 1 10 22 — (31) 2 1 2 (5) — 4 (3) $ — 1 — (1) — — — — — — — — $ — — 1 — — 1 — 1 (2) — — — Accrued restructuring as of October 30, 2011 — included in other current liabilities $ 1 $ — $ — $ 1 11 23 (1) (31) 3 1 3 (7) — 4 (3) 1 11. Income Taxes Consequent to the incorporation of Avago in Singapore, domestic operations reflect the results of operations based in Singapore. Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes For financial reporting purposes, “Income (loss) before income taxes” included the following components (in millions): Domestic income (loss) Foreign income Income (loss) before income taxes: Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 500 61 561 $ $ 323 83 406 $ $ (92) 56 (36) Components of Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes We have obtained several tax incentives from the Singapore Economic Development Board, an agency of the Government of Singapore, which provide that certain classes of income we earn in Singapore are subject to tax holidays or reduced rates of Singapore income tax. Each such tax incentive is separate and distinct from the others, and may be granted, withheld, extended, modified, truncated, complied with or terminated independently without any effect on the other incentives. In order to retain these tax benefits in Singapore, we must meet certain operating conditions specific to each incentive relating to, among other things, maintenance of a treasury function, a corporate headquarters function, specified intellectual property activities and specified manufacturing activities in Singapore. Some of these operating conditions are subject to phase-in periods through 2015. The Singapore tax incentives are presently scheduled to expire at various dates generally between 2014 and 2025, subject in certain cases to potential extensions. In February 2010, the Malaysian government granted us a tax holiday on our qualifying Malaysian income, which is effective for ten years beginning with our fiscal year 2009. For the fiscal years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, the effect of all these tax incentives, in the aggregate, was to reduce the overall provision for (benefit from) income taxes and reduce net loss or increase net income from what it otherwise would have been in such year by $82 million, $63 million and $17 million, respectively, and increase diluted net income per share for the fiscal year ended October 30, 2011 by $0.32 per share, and increase diluted net income per share for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010 by $0.26, and reduce diluted net loss per share for the fiscal year ended November 1, 2009 by $0.08, 82 respectively. The tax incentives that we have negotiated in other jurisdictions are also subject to our compliance with various operating and other conditions. Significant components of the provision for (benefit from) income taxes are as follows (in millions): Current tax expense: Domestic Foreign Deferred tax expense (benefit): Domestic Foreign Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ $ $ $ 5 12 17 — (8) (8) 9 $ $ $ $ $ 3 16 19 1 (29) (28) $ $ $ $ (9) $ 3 6 9 (1) — (1) 8 We recorded a total provision for income taxes of $9 million for the year ended October 30, 2011 compared to a total benefit from income taxes of $9 million for the year ended October 31, 2010. The provision for income taxes in 2011 included a $3 million tax benefit for the increase in deferred tax assets from U.S. legislation retroactively reinstating the research and development tax credit and a $3 million tax benefit from a change in estimate related to research and development tax credits. The benefit from income taxes in 2010 included a $29 million benefit from the release of deferred tax asset valuation allowances, mainly associated with the Company irrevocably calling our senior subordinated notes for redemption in October 2010, partially offset by a write-off of $6 million of deferred tax assets resulting from the grant of a new tax incentive in Malaysia. Our valuation allowance increased by $3 million in fiscal year 2011. Rate Reconciliation A reconciliation of the expected statutory tax rate to the actual, effective tax rate on income (loss) before income taxes is as follows: Expected statutory tax rate Foreign income taxed at different rates Advisory agreement termination fee & selling shareholder expenses Tax Holidays and Concessions Other, net Valuation Allowance October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 17.0% 17.0 % (17.0)% — — (14.6) (1.0) 0.1 0.8 — (12.8) — (7.1) (1.8) 27.2 9.3 (0.8) 6.7 Actual tax rate on income (loss) before income taxes 1.5% (2.1)% 23.6 % Summary of Deferred Income Taxes Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their basis for income tax purposes and the tax effects of net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. 83 The significant components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities included on the balance sheets were as follows (in millions): Deferred income tax assets: Depreciation and amortization Inventory Trade accounts Employee benefits Share options Net operating loss carryovers and credit carryovers Other deferred income tax assets Gross deferred income tax assets Less valuation allowance Deferred income tax assets Deferred income tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization Foreign earnings not permanently reinvested Deferred income tax liabilities Net deferred income tax assets October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ $ $ $ $ 6 2 2 16 11 35 5 77 (7) 70 8 2 10 60 $ $ $ $ $ $ — 1 2 12 11 24 4 54 (4) 50 5 2 7 43 We regularly monitor the circumstances impacting the expected realization of our deferred tax assets. In the fourth quarter of the fiscal year of 2010, we adjusted our valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets in certain jurisdictions to properly reflect the net deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized in the future. As a result, the adjustment reduced our valuation allowance by $29 million. We reduced the valuation allowance after determining that certain deferred tax assets in those jurisdictions are more likely than not to be realizable due to expectations of future taxable income, carryforward periods, and other available evidence. The above net deferred income tax asset has been reflected in the accompanying balance sheets as follows (in millions): Other current assets Other current liabilities Net current income tax assets Other long-term assets Other long-term liabilities Net long-term income tax assets October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ $ $ 18 (2) 16 47 (3) 44 $ $ $ $ 18 (2) 16 32 (5) 27 As of October 30, 2011, we had Singapore net operating loss carryforwards of $11 million, U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of $101 million, of which $72 million are related to excess tax deductions related to stock options, and other foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $4 million. The Singapore net operating losses have no limitation on utilization. U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards, if not utilized, will begin to expire in fiscal year 2027. The other foreign net operating losses expire in various fiscal years beginning 2017. As of October 30, 2011, we had $21 million of U.S. research and development tax credits which, if not utilized, will begin to expire in fiscal year 2026. The U.S. Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in the case of an “ownership change” of a corporation or separate return loss year limitations. Any ownership changes, as defined, may restrict utilization of carryforwards. As of October 30, 2011, we had approximately $26 million and $16 million of federal net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, respectively, in the U.S. subject to an annual limitation. The annual limitation will not result in any permanent loss of our tax benefits. As of October 30, 2011, we had unrecognized deferred tax assets of approximately $28 million attributable to excess tax 84 deductions related to stock options, the benefit of which will be credited to equity when realized. We consider all operating income of foreign subsidiaries not to be permanently reinvested outside Singapore. We have provided $2 million for foreign taxes that may result from future remittances of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries, the cumulative amount of which is estimated to be $107 million and $119 million as of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010, respectively. Uncertain Tax Positions The gross unrecognized tax benefits increased by $3 million during fiscal year 2011, resulting in gross unrecognized tax benefits of $30 million as of October 30, 2011. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. We recognized approximately $1 million of expense related to interest and penalties in each of the years presented. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the other long-term liabilities line in the consolidated balance sheet. As of October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, the combined amount of cumulative accrued interest and penalties was approximately $6 million, $5 million and $4 million, respectively. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits is summarized as follows (in millions): October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 Beginning of period Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during prior periods Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during current period End of period $ $ 27 1 2 30 $ $ 24 1 2 27 $ $ 18 2 4 24 A portion of our unrecognized tax benefits will affect our effective tax rate if they are recognized upon favorable resolution of the uncertain tax positions. As of October 30, 2011, approximately $29 million of the unrecognized tax benefits including accrued interest and penalties would affect our effective tax rate. As of October 31, 2010, approximately $27 million of the unrecognized tax benefits including accrued interest and penalties would affect our effective tax rate. Although the timing of the resolution and/or closure on audits is highly uncertain, it is reasonably possible that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change in the next 12 months. However, given the number of years remaining subject to examination, we are unable to estimate the range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits. We are subject to examination by the tax authorities with respect to the periods subsequent to December 2005. We are not under Singapore income tax examination at this time. The Company is subject to Singapore income tax examinations for all years from the year ended October 31, 2006. The Company is also subject to examinations in major foreign jurisdictions, including the United States, from the year ended October 31, 2006. 12. Interest Expense Interest expense of $4 million, $34 million and $77 million for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively, consisted primarily of (i) interest expense of $3 million, $32 million and $73 million, respectively, with respect to the previously outstanding senior notes, senior subordinated notes, and debt under the senior secured credit facilities, all issued or incurred in connection with the SPG Acquisition, as well as commitment fees related to our unsecured revolving credit facility; and (ii) amortization of debt issuance costs of $1 million, $2 million and $4 million, respectively. 85 13. Other Income (Expense), net Other income (expense), net includes interest income, currency gains (losses) on balance sheet remeasurement and other miscellaneous items. The following table presents the detail of other income (expense), net (in millions): Other income Interest income Other expense Other income (expense), net 14. Segment Information Year Ended October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 1 1 (1) 1 $ $ 3 1 (6) (2) $ $ 2 1 (2) 1 ASC 280 “Segment Reporting,” or ASC 280, establishes standards for the way public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual consolidated financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. ASC 280 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. We have concluded that we have one reportable segment based on the following factors: sales of semiconductors represents our only material source of revenue; substantially all products offered incorporate analog functionality and are manufactured under similar manufacturing processes; we use an integrated approach in developing our products in that discrete technologies developed are frequently integrated across many of our products; we use a common order fulfillment process and similar distribution approach for our products; and broad distributor networks are typically utilized while large accounts are serviced by a direct sales force. The Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker as defined by ASC 280. The following table presents net revenue and long-lived asset information based on geographic region. Net revenue is based on the geographic location of the distributors or original equipment manufacturers who purchased the Company’s products, which may differ from the geographic location of the end customers. Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and are based on the physical location of the assets (in millions): Net revenue: China United States Korea Singapore Germany Rest of the World Long-lived assets: United States Singapore Malaysia Rest of the World October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ 697 407 225 106 230 671 $ 662 312 200 137 209 573 395 245 158 148 120 418 $ 2,336 $ 2,093 $ 1,484 October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 $ $ 160 $ 45 35 76 316 $ 147 35 28 71 281 86 15. Related Party Transactions Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co., or KKR, and Silver Lake Partners, or Silver Lake As of October 30, 2011, KKR and Silver Lake each owned approximately 4% of our shares and no longer have the right to designate directors to our Board. Prior to March 18, 2011, KKR, Silver Lake, held our shares indirectly through their ownership of Bali Investments S.àr.l, or Bali. On March 18, 2011, in connection with the liquidation of Bali, Bali distributed our ordinary shares held by it to its shareholders, including KKR and Silver Lake. We previously entered into an advisory agreement with affiliates of the Sponsors, for ongoing consulting and management advisory services. Pursuant to the advisory agreement, we also recorded less than $1 million of advisory fees payable to each of KKR and Silver Lake during the year ended November 1, 2009 in connection with a qualifying acquisition. The advisory agreement was terminated in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009, in connection with our IPO. As a result, in fiscal year 2009 we recorded $54 million related to the termination of the advisory agreement with the Sponsors. We also recorded $4 million in selling shareholder expenses, in connection with the IPO, on behalf of the Sponsors and other selling shareholders. Capstone Consulting Capstone Consulting, or Capstone, an affiliate of KKR was granted options to purchase 800,000 ordinary shares with an exercise price of $5.00 per share on February 3, 2006. 700,000 of these option shares vested by the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2010. The performance targets related to the remaining 100,000 option shares were not met and those 100,000 options shares did not vest. In connection with our IPO in August 2009, and secondary public offerings of our shares in January 2010 and August 2010, Capstone exercised and sold an aggregate of 222,949 option shares, in respect of which we received aggregate option exercise proceeds of $1 million. During the year ended October 30, 2011, Capstone exercised and sold an aggregate of 477,051 option shares in secondary public offerings of our shares, as a result we received aggregate option exercise proceeds of $2 million. Bali Investments S.àr.l, Seletar Investments Pte. Ltd. and Geyser Investment Pte. Ltd. In connection with the public offering in January 2010 in which the Company's certain shareholders sold an aggregate of 25,000,000 of the Company's ordinary shares, selling shareholders Bali Investments S.àr.l, Geyser Investments Pte. Ltd. and Seletar Investment Pte. Ltd. agreed to reimburse the Company for two-thirds of the expenses of the offering which amounted to $1 million. Flextronics Mr. James A. Davidson, a director of the Company until March 9, 2011, also serves as a director of Flextronics International Ltd., or Flextronics. In the ordinary course of business, on an arm's length basis, we sell certain of our products to Flextronics. Hewlett-Packard Company Mr. John R. Joyce, a director of the Company until March 26, 2010, also serves as a director of Hewlett-Packard Company, or Hewlett-Packard. In the ordinary course of business, on an arm's length basis, we sell certain of our products to Hewlett-Packard. We also use Hewlett-Packard as a service provider for information technology services. PMC-Sierra, Inc. Mr. James Diller, a director of the Company and the chairman of its board of directors, also serves on the board of directors of PMC Sierra, Inc., or PMC Sierra, as vice-chairman. In the ordinary course of business, on an arm's length basis, we sell certain of our products to PMC Sierra. Unisteel Technology Limited Funds affiliated with KKR own substantially all the outstanding shares of in Unisteel Technology Limited or Unisteel. We purchase certain materials from Unisteel, in the ordinary course of business on an arm's length basis. WIN Semiconductor Corp. Mr. John Min-Chih Hsuan, who became a director of the Company on February 14, 2011, was previously a director of WIN Semiconductor Corp., one of our third-party contract manufacturers with whom we do business in the ordinary course, on an arm's length basis. Mr. Hsuan resigned from WIN Semiconductor Corp. in June 2011. 87 Wistron Corporation Mr. John Min-Chih Hsuan, a director of the Company, is also a director of Wistron Corporation, one of our customers. In the ordinary course of business, on an arm's length basis, we sell certain of our products to Wistron Corporation. In addition, in September 2011, we sold certain of our patents to Wistron for a purchase price of $1 million in an arm's length transaction, pursuant to a competitive bidding process. Transactions and balances with our related parties were as follows (in millions): October 30, 2011 Year Ended October 31, 2010 November 1, 2009 $ $ Net revenue: Flextronics1 Hewlett-Packard Company2 Wistron Corporation3 PMC Sierra Operating expenses: KKR & Silver Lake (Advisory fees) KKR & Silver Lake (Termination of Advisory agreement) KKR & Silver Lake (Selling shareholder expenses associated with the IPO) KKR & Silver Lake (Advisory fees in connection with the IPO) Hewlett-Packard Company2 Capstone (Share-based compensation) Unisteel Technology Limited WIN Semiconductor Corp.4 Receivables: Flextronics1 Seletar Investments Pte. Ltd. Wistron Corporation3 Payables: KKR Silver Lake Unisteel Technology Limited _______________________________________ * Represents amounts less than $0.5 million. 68 — 5 — — — — — — — — 56 * $ $ $ $ 115 $ 100 $ 12 — — — — — — 6 — — — * 37 — 1 4 54 4 3 19 — — — * * October 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 — — 1 October 30, 2011 — — — * $ $ 13 — — * October 31, 2010 — — — * * * 1 Amounts represent net revenue transactions with Flextronics through the quarter and six months ended May 1, 2011. Flextronics ceased to be a related party after the second quarter of fiscal year 2011. 2 Amounts represent net revenue and operating expense transactions with Hewlett-Packard through the quarter ended May 2, 2010. Hewlett-Packard ceased to be a related party after the second quarter of fiscal year 2010. 3 Amounts represent net revenue transactions with Wistron Corporation for the year ended October 30, 2011, including a sale of certain patents to Wistron for a purchase price of $1 million. Wistron Corporation became a related party during the second quarter of fiscal year 2011. 88 4 Amounts represent transactions with WIN Semiconductor Corp. included in cost of products sold incurred during the period WIN Semiconductor Corp was a related party. WIN Semiconductor Corp. became a related party during the second quarter of fiscal year 2011 and ceased being a related party during the third quarter of fiscal year 2011. 16. Commitments and Contingencies Commitments The following table summarizes contractual obligations and commitments as at October 30, 2011: Total 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Thereafter $ Operating Leases Capital Leases Purchase Commitments Revolving Credit Facility Commitments Other Contractual Commitments 39 5 57 2 49 9 2 57 1 22 8 1 — 1 16 9 1 — — 10 8 1 — — 1 1 — — — — 4 — — — — Operating Lease Commitments. We lease certain real property and equipment from third parties under non-cancelable operating leases. Rent expense was $13 million, $12 million and $12 million for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009, respectively. Capital Lease Commitments. We lease a portion of our equipment from unrelated third parties under non-cancelable capital leases. Purchase Commitments. We have unconditional purchase obligations which include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding on us and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased, fixed, minimum or variable price provisions and the approximate timing of the transaction. Purchase obligations exclude agreements that are cancelable without penalty. Revolving Credit Facility Commitments. Estimated future interest expense payments related to our revolving credit facility consist of payments on our commitment fees. See Note 7. “Borrowings.” Other Contractual Commitments. We entered into several agreements related to IT, human resources and financial infrastructure outsourcing and other services agreements. Contingencies From time to time, we are involved in litigation that we believe is of the type common to companies engaged in our line of business, including commercial disputes and employment issues. As of the date of this filing, we are not involved in any pending legal proceedings that we believe would likely have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, certain pending disputes involve claims by third parties that our activities infringe their patent, copyright, trademark or other intellectual property rights. These claims generally involve the demand by a third-party that we cease the manufacture, use or sale of the allegedly infringing products, processes or technologies and/or pay substantial damages or royalties for past, present and future use of the allegedly infringing intellectual property. For example, on July 23, 2009, TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. filed a complaint against us and certain of our subsidiaries in the U.S. District Court, District of Arizona seeking declaratory judgment that four of our patents relating to RF filter technology used in our wireless products are invalid and, if valid, that TriQuint’s products do not infringe any of those patents. TriQuint has subsequently withdrew those claims with respect to three of those four patents. In addition, TriQuint claims that certain of our wireless products infringe three of its patents. TriQuint is seeking damages in an unspecified amount, treble damages for alleged willful infringement, attorneys fees and injunctive relief. We filed our answer and initial counterclaim on September 17, 2009, denying infringement, asserting the invalidity of TriQuint’s patents and asserting infringement by TriQuint of ten Avago patents and filed additional counterclaims on March 25, 2010 for the misappropriation of Avago trade secrets. On October 16, 2009, TriQuint filed its answer to our initial counterclaim, denying infringement and filed an antitrust counterclaim and counterclaims for declaratory judgment of non infringement and invalidity. While the court dismissed TriQuint’s antitrust counterclaims on procedural grounds on March 16, 2010, TriQuint has since filed a motion to file an amended pleading for its anti-trust claims, which was granted on August 3, 2010. We intend to defend this lawsuit vigorously, and future actions may include the assertion by us of additional claims or counterclaims against TriQuint related to our intellectual property portfolio. Summary judgment motions are scheduled for hearing on January 30, 2012 and the Court has set a trial date of July 10, 2012. In addition, on February 8, 2010, PixArt Imaging Inc. filed an action against us in the U.S District Court, Northern 89 District of California seeking a determination of whether PixArt was licensed to use our portfolio of patents for optical finger navigation products pursuant to an existing cross-license agreement between us and PixArt. We filed a counterclaim against PixArt on March 31, 2010, asserting that PixArt breached the terms of the cross-license agreement between the parties and seeking a determination that PixArt was not licensed to use our portfolio of patents for optical finger navigation products. On November 28, 2011, we entered into a settlement agreement with PixArt that resolves these outstanding actions, which were pending in the Northern District of California. Under the terms of the confidential settlement agreement, the parties have cross- licensed certain of their respective patents for the remaining term of the patents for use in the field of optical mouse and optical finger navigation. The parties subsequently dismissed all claims in the pending litigation, with prejudice, on December 2, 2011. On March 15, 2010 we filed a patent infringement action against ST Microelectronics NV in the Eastern District of Texas for infringement of four of our patents related to optical navigation devices. We amended the complaint on July 6, 2010 adding infringement of a fifth optical navigation related patent to the action. We sought injunctive relief, damages in an unspecified amount, treble damages for willful infringement and attorneys fees. In response, ST Microelectronics filed a patent infringement action against us in the Northern District of Texas alleging that our sales of certain optical navigation devices infringed two ST Microelectronics’ patents. ST Microelectronics sought injunctive relief and damages in an unspecified amount. ST Microelectronics filed a second suit against us on November 5, 2010 in the Northern District of California alleging certain anticompetitive actions by us in the optical navigation sensor market. On October 24, 2011, we and ST Microelectronics agreed to dismiss, without prejudice, all pending litigation between the parties. However, we and ST Microelectronics each reserved the right to re-file litigation in the event of any future disputes on the same issues, following the conclusion of executive discussions and non-binding mediation aimed at resolving those disputes. On January 21, 2011, we filed a patent infringement action against Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, or Cypress, for infringement of three of our patents related to optical navigation devices. On May 23, 2011, Cypress filed its answer and counterclaim against us for a declaratory judgment of non-infringement and invalidity of the patents asserted by us. On August 22, 2011, Cypress filed an amended answer and counterclaim alleging infringement by us of five of Cypress's patents. The parties resolved all litigation on November 30, 2011 by filing a stipulation with the court dismissing all claims with prejudice. With respect to the legal proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, we have not yet been able to determine whether an unfavorable outcome is probable or reasonably possible and have not been able to reasonably estimate the amount or range of any possible loss. As a result, no amounts have been accrued or disclosed in the accompanying consolidated financial statements with respect to these legal proceedings. Claims that our products or processes infringe or misappropriate any third-party intellectual property rights (including claims arising through our contractual indemnification of our customers) often involve highly complex, technical issues, the outcome of which is inherently uncertain. Moreover, from time to time we pursue litigation to assert our intellectual property rights. Regardless of the merit or resolution of any such litigation, complex intellectual property litigation is generally costly and diverts the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. Warranty Commencing in fiscal year 2008, we notified certain customers of a product quality issue and began taking additional steps to correct the quality issue and work with affected customers to determine potential costs covered by our warranty obligations. We maintain insurance coverage for product liability and have been working with our insurance carriers to determine the extent of covered losses in this situation. Based on settlements with customers to date, the status of discussions with other affected customers and discussions with our insurance carriers, we recorded a charge of $2 million during fiscal year 2009 to cover costs relating to this quality issue in excess of expected insurance coverage. We continue to have discussions with affected customers and presently believe that amounts we have recorded in our consolidated financial statements along with expected insurance coverage proceeds will be adequate to resolve these claims, although this assessment is subject to change based on the ultimate resolution of this matter with customers and the insurance carriers. In addition, if the timing of settlement of claims with customers and the timing of determination of insurance recoveries do not occur in the same reporting periods, there could be material increases in charges to statement of operations in a future period and decreases in a subsequent period once insurance recoveries are deemed probable of realization. During fiscal year 2009 we identified another product quality issue with a particular component, took steps to correct the quality issue and notified our customers. Though the expected failure rate of the product was not 100%, based on our quality tests, we have offered to replace all such components used or still held by our customers. We recorded charges of $6 million during fiscal year 2009 related to this product quality issue, based on the progress of discussions with our customers and our evaluation of the best estimate of our exposure related to this matter, which covered costs to scrap inventory of such components held by us and costs associated with providing replacement parts to customers. During fiscal year 2010, we recorded additional charges of $11 million to cover customer claims for reimbursements of costs incurred by such customers related to this product quality issue. During fiscal year 2010, we reached final settlement agreements with certain customers on this product quality issue. The final settlement amounts approximate the estimated accrued warranty obligations for those 90 customers. We made $2 million of cash settlement payments in connection with these agreements during fiscal year 2010, resulting in a $2 million decrease in the warranty accrual for this product quality issue during the same period. During fiscal year 2011, we reached additional final settlement agreements with certain customers, made $3 million of cash settlement payments and credits and shipped $1 million of replacement parts in connection with these agreements, resulting in a $4 million decrease in the warranty accrual for this product quality issue during the period. In addition, following these additional settlements and based on all information available to the Company regarding remaining customer exposures including the progress made in resolving customer issues, we reassessed our overall exposure relating to this product quality issue, including our estimate of any remaining replacement parts exposure, and reduced the warranty accrual we previously recorded by $6 million. We presently believe that amounts we have recorded in our consolidated financial statements will be adequate to resolve any warranty obligations related to this issue, although this assessment is subject to change based on the ultimate resolution of this matter with remaining customers. However, we continue to have discussions with affected customers on the matter and although we have made our best estimate of the expected warranty obligation based on available information, we could record further charges in future periods based on the ultimate resolution of this matter with such customers. Indemnifications to Hewlett-Packard and Agilent Agilent Technologies, Inc. has given multiple indemnities to Hewlett-Packard Company in connection with its activities prior to its spin-off from Hewlett-Packard Company in June 1999 for the businesses that constituted Agilent prior to the spin- off. As the successor to the SPG business of Agilent, we may acquire responsibility for indemnifications related to assigned intellectual property agreements. Additionally, when we completed the SPG Acquisition in December 2005, we provided indemnities to Agilent with regard to Agilent’s conduct of the SPG business prior the SPG Acquisition. In our opinion, the fair value of these indemnifications is not material. Other Indemnifications As is customary in our industry and as provided for in local law in the United States and other jurisdictions, many of our standard contracts provide remedies to our customers and others with whom we enter into contracts, such as defense, settlement, or payment of judgment for intellectual property claims related to the use of our products. From time to time, we indemnify customers, as well as our suppliers, contractors, lessors, lessees, companies that purchase our businesses or assets and others with whom we enter into contracts, against combinations of loss, expense, or liability arising from various triggering events related to the sale and the use of our products, the use of their goods and services, the use of facilities and state of our owned facilities, the state of the assets and businesses that we sell and other matters covered by such contracts, usually up to a specified maximum amount. In addition, from time to time we also provide protection to these parties against claims related to undiscovered liabilities, additional product liability or environmental obligations. In our experience, claims made under such indemnifications are rare and the associated estimated fair value of the liability is not material. 17. Subsequent Event On December 8, 2011, the Board declared an interim cash dividend of $0.12 per ordinary share to holders of record at the close of business (5:00 p.m.), Eastern Time, on December 19, 2011 with such dividend to be paid on December 30, 2011. 91 Supplementary Financial Data — Quarterly Data (Unaudited) October 30, 2011 July 31, 2011 May 1, 2011 January 30, 2011 October 31, 2010 August 1, 2010 May 2, 2010 January 31, 2010 (In millions, except per share data) Three Months Ended Net revenue $ 623 $ 603 $ 560 $ 550 $ 572 $ 550 $ 515 $ 456 Cost of products sold: Cost of products sold Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total cost of products sold Gross margin Research and development Selling, general and administrative Amortization of intangible assets Restructuring charges Total operating expenses Income from operations Interest expense Loss on extinguishment of debt Other income (expense), net Income before income taxes Provision for (benefit from) income taxes Net income Net income per share: Basic Diluted Shares used in per share calculations: Basic Diluted Dividends declared and paid per share 305 14 — 319 304 83 55 6 1 145 159 — — — 159 5 154 0.63 0.61 246 252 $ $ $ 292 14 — 306 297 85 60 5 2 152 145 — — — 145 1 144 0.59 0.57 246 253 $ $ $ 271 14 — 285 275 76 55 5 1 137 138 (1) (1) 1 137 2 135 0.55 0.54 245 252 $ $ $ 265 14 — 279 271 73 50 6 — 129 142 (3) (19) — 120 1 119 0.49 0.48 242 250 $ $ $ 282 14 — 296 276 75 51 5 — 131 145 (7) — — 138 (26) 164 0.69 0.66 239 248 $ $ $ 271 15 1 287 263 71 51 5 1 128 135 (8) — — 127 4 123 0.51 0.50 239 247 $ $ $ 268 14 — 282 233 70 48 6 1 125 108 (8) — (1) 99 9 90 0.38 0.37 238 246 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 0.11 $ 0.09 $ 0.08 $ 0.07 $ — $ — $ — $ 247 15 — 262 194 64 46 5 1 116 78 (11) (24) (1) 42 4 38 0.16 0.16 236 244 — 92 Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Accounts receivable allowances: Distributor credit allowance(1) Year ended October 30, 2011 Year ended October 31, 2010 Year ended November 1, 2009 Other accounts receivable allowances(2) Year ended October 30, 2011 Year ended October 31, 2010 Year ended November 1, 2009 Income tax valuation allowance Year ended October 30, 2011 Year ended October 31, 2010 Year ended November 1, 2009 _______________________________________ Balance at Beginning of Period Charged/ Credited to Net Income (Loss) Charges Utilized/ Write-offs Balance at End of Period (In millions) $ $ $ $ $ $ 12 10 14 4 3 5 4 32 31 $ $ $ 106 93 63 19 16 18 1 (29) 3 $ $ (101) (91) (67) (17) (15) (20) 2 $ 1 (2) 17 12 10 6 4 3 7 4 32 (1) Distributor credit allowance relates to limited stock returns and price adjustments. (2) Other accounts receivable allowances include allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns. 93 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE Not applicable. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of Avago’s disclosure controls and procedures as of October 30, 2011. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of October 30, 2011, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that: • • • Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2011. In making this assessment, the company’s management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, our management concluded that, as of October 30, 2011, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2011 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included in Part II, Item 8. of this Form 10-K. Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting. No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended October 30, 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION Not applicable. 94 PART III. ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The information regarding our directors, executive officers and compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, set forth in the sections entitled “Proposal 1 — Election of Directors”, “Executive Officers”, “Corporate Governance” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”, in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the end of our 2011 fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference in this section. We have adopted a written Code of Ethics and Business Conduct that applies to all of our employees and directors, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions and have posted it in the “Investors — Governance” section of our website, which is located at www.avagotech.com. We intend to satisfy any disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any amendments to, or waivers from, our Code of Ethics and Business Conduct by posting such information on our website at the internet address and location above. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information regarding executive compensation required by this Item 11 set forth in the sections entitled “Director Compensation”, “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, “Executive Compensation”, “Compensation Committee Report” and “Corporate Governance — Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the end of our 2011 fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference in this section. However, the Compensation Committee Report included in such definitive Proxy Statement shall not be deemed “filed” with the SEC for the purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing made by us with the SEC, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related shareholder matters required by this Item 12 set forth in the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Directors and Executive Officers” and “Executive Compensation — Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the end of our 2011 fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference in this section. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information regarding certain relationships, related transactions and director independence required by this Item 13 set forth in the sections entitled “Corporate Governance” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the end of our 2011 fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference in this section. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES The information regarding principal accounting fees and services required by this Item 14 set forth in the proposal relating to the re-appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm in our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of the end of our 2011 fiscal year pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K is hereby incorporated by reference in this section. PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) The following are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: 1. Financial Statements The following consolidated financial statements are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: 95 — — — — Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 30, 2011 and October 31, 2010 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended October 30, 2011, October 31, 2010 and November 1, 2009 2. Financial Statement Schedules The financial statement schedule required by Item 15(a) (Schedule II, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts) is included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Schedules not filed have been omitted because they are not applicable, are not required or the information required to be set forth therein is included in the financial statements or notes thereto. 3. Exhibits The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the exhibits are filed with or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 96 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED By: /s/ Hock E. Tan Name: Title: Hock E. Tan President and Chief Executive Officer Date: December 15, 2011 POWER OF ATTORNEY Each person whose individual signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Hock E. Tan, Douglas R. Bettinger and Patricia H. McCall, and each of them, with full power of substitution and resubstitution and full power to act without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to act in his or her name, place and stead and to execute in the name and on behalf of each person, individually and in each capacity stated below, and to file any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing, ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities indicated and on the dates indicated. Signature /s/ Hock E. Tan Hock E. Tan Title Date President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) December 15, 2011 /s/ Douglas R. Bettinger Douglas R. Bettinger Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) December 15, 2011 /s/ James Diller James Diller /s/ Adam H. Clammer Adam H. Clammer /s/ Kenneth Y. Hao Kenneth Y. Hao /s/ John M. Hsuan John M. Hsuan /s/ Justine Lien Justine Lien /s/ Donald Macleod Donald Macleod Chairman of the Board of Directors December 15, 2011 Director Director Director Director Director 97 December 15, 2011 December 15, 2011 December 15, 2011 December 15, 2011 December 15, 2011 EXHIBIT INDEX Exhibit No. Description Form Incorporated by Referenced Herein Filing Date Filed Herewith 2.1# 2.2# 2.3# 2.4# 2.5# 2.6# 2.7# 2.8# 3.1 4.1 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated August 14, 2005, between Agilent Technologies, Inc. and Argos Acquisition Pte. Ltd. Agilent Technologies, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission File No. 001-15405) August 15, 2005 Amendment No. 1 to the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated November 30, 2005, between Agilent Technologies, Inc. and Avago Technologies Limited. Amendment No. 2 to the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 29, 2006, between Agilent Technologies, Inc. and Avago Technologies Limited. Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated November 17, 2006, by and among Avago Technologies Limited, Avago Technologies Imaging Holding (Labuan) Corporation, Avago Technologies Sensor (U.S.A.) Inc., other sellers and Micron Technology, Inc. Asset Purchase Agreement, dated October 31, 2007, by and among Avago Technologies Limited, Avago Technologies General IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., other sellers and Lite-On Technology Corporation (“Lite-On Asset Purchase Agreement”). Amendment No. 1 to Lite-On Asset Purchase Agreement and Non- Competition Agreement, dated January 8, 2008. Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Amendment No. 2 to Lite-On Asset Purchase Agreement, dated January 21, 2009. Amendment No. 5 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 27, 2009 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated June 25, 2008, by and among Avago Technologies GmbH, Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Ltd., Avago Technologies Wireless IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. and Infineon Technologies AG. Memorandum and Articles of Association. Form of Specimen Share Certificate for Registrant’s Ordinary Shares. Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Avago Technologies Limited Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-34428). August 14, 2009 Amendment No. 3 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 14, 2009 98 Description Form Incorporated by Referenced Herein Avago Technologies Limited Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission File No. 001-34428). Filed Herewith Filing Date August 14, 2009 Exhibit No. 4.2 4.3 4.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 Second Amended and Restated Shareholder Agreement, dated August 11, 2009, among Avago Technologies Limited, Silver Lake Partners II Cayman, L.P., Silver Lake Technology Investors II Cayman, L.P., Integral Capital Partners VII, L.P., KKR Millennium Fund (Overseas), Limited Partnership, KKR European Fund, Limited Partnership, KKR European Fund II, Limited Partnership, KKR Partners (International), Limited Partnership, Capstone Equity Investors LLC, Avago Investment Partners, Limited Partnership, Bali Investments S.àr.l., Seletar Investments Pte Ltd, Geyser Investment Pte. Ltd. and certain other Persons Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 1, 2005, among Avago Technologies Limited, Silver Lake Partners II Cayman, L.P., Silver Lake Technology Investors II Cayman, L.P., Integral Capital Partners VII, L.P., KKR Millennium Fund (Overseas), Limited Partnership, KKR European Fund, Limited Partnership, KKR European Fund II, Limited Partnership, KKR Partners (International), Limited Partnership, Capstone Equity Investors LLC, Avago Investment Partners, Limited Partnership, Bali Investments S.àr.l., Seletar Investments Pte Ltd, Geyser Investment Pte. Ltd. and certain other Persons (“Registration Rights Agreement”). Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 21, 2008. Sublease Agreement, dated June 5, 2009, between Agilent Technologies Singapore Pte. Ltd. and Avago Technologies Manufacturing (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., relating to Avago’s facility at 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923. Lease No. I/33183P issued by Singapore Housing and Development Board to Compaq Asia Pte Ltd in respect of the land and structures comprised in Lot 1935X of Mukim 19, dated September 26, 2000, and includes the Variation of Lease I/49501Q registered January 15, 2002, relating to Avago’s facility at 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923. Lease No. I/31607P issued by Singapore Housing and Development Board to Compaq Asia Pte Ltd in respect of the land and structures comprised in Lot 1937C of Mukim 19, dated September 26, 2000, and includes the Variation of Lease I/49499Q registered January 15, 2002, relating to Avago’s facility at 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923. Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) September 29, 2006 Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) August 21, 2008 Avago Technologies Limited Registration Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-33428) December 15, 2010 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) November 15, 2006 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) November 15, 2006 99 Exhibit No. 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 Description Lease No. I/33182P issued by Singapore Housing and Development Board to Compaq Asia Pte Ltd in respect of the land and structures comprised in Lot 2134N of Mukim 19, dated September 26, 2000, and includes the Variation of Lease I/49500Q registered January 15, 2002, relating to Avago’s facility at 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923. Lease No. I/33160P issued by Singapore Housing and Development Board to Compaq Asia Pte Ltd in respect of the land and structures comprised in Lot 1975P of Mukim 19, dated September 26, 2000, and includes the Variation of Lease I/49502Q registered January 15, 2002, relating to Avago’s facility at 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923. Tenancy Agreement, dated October 24, 2005, between Agilent Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. and Avago Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (f/k/a Jumbo Portfolio Sdn. Bhd.), relating to Avago’s facility at Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, 11900 Penang, Malaysia. Supplemental Agreement to Tenancy Agreement, dated December 1, 2005, between Agilent Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. and Avago Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (f/k/a Jumbo Portfolio Sdn. Bhd.), relating to Avago’s facility at Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, 11900 Penang, Malaysia. Subdivision and Use Agreement, dated December 1, 2005, between Agilent Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. and Avago Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (f/k/a Jumbo Portfolio Sdn. Bhd.), relating to Avago’s facility at Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, 11900 Penang, Malaysia. Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated December 1, 2005, between Agilent Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. and Avago Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (f/k/a Jumbo Portfolio Sdn. Bhd.), relating to Avago’s facility at Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, 11900 Penang, Malaysia. Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2005, between Agilent Technologies, Inc. and Avago Technologies U.S. Inc., relating to Avago’s facility at 350 West Trimble Road, San Jose, California 95131. First Amendment to Lease Agreement (Building 90) and Service Level Agreement, dated January 10, 2007, between Avago Technologies U.S. Inc. and Lumileds Lighting B.V. relating to Avago’s facilities at 350 West Trimble Road, San Jose, California 95131. Incorporated by Referenced Herein Form Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) Filed Herewith Filing Date November 15, 2006 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) November 15, 2006 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 100 Exhibit No. 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15^ 10.16 Description Credit Agreement, dated March 31, 2011, among Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd., as Borrower, Avago Technologies Holding Pte. Ltd., Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited, Avago Technologies US. Inc. and Avago Technologies General IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., as Guarantors and the Initial Lenders named herein as Initial Lenders and Citicorp International Limited as Administrative Agent and Barclays Capital as Syndication Agent and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Barclays Capital as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners. Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, dated July 28, 2011, among Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd., the Lenders constituting the Required Lenders and Citicorp International Limited as Administrative Agent for the Lenders. Ft. Collins Supply Agreement, dated October 28, 2005 between Avago Technologies Wireless (U.S.A.) Manufacturing, Inc. and Palau Acquisition Corporation. Distribution Agreement, dated March 26, 2008, between Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited and Arrow Electronics, Inc. Collective Agreement, dated October 28, 2010, between Avago Manufacturing (Singapore) Pte Ltd (and its Singapore affiliates) and United Workers of Electronic & Electrical Industries. 10.17+ 2009 Equity Incentive Award Plan. 10.18+ 10.19+ 10.20+ 10.21+ 10.21+ Equity Incentive Plan for Executive Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries (Amended and Restated Effective as of February 25, 2008). Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries (Amended and Restated Effective as of February 25, 2008). Amendment to the Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and its Subsidiaries, dated July 27, 2009 Amendment to the Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and its Subsidiaries, dated March 9, 2011 Form of Nonqualified Share Option Agreement Under the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan for Executive Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries for U.S. employees. Incorporated by Referenced Herein Form Avago Technologies Limited Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 001-34428) Filed Herewith Filing Date June 9, 2011 X X Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) June 16, 2009 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Avago Technologies Limited Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-33428) December 15, 2010 Amendment No. 5 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 27, 2009 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) February 27, 2008 February 27, 2008 Avago Technologies Limited Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 001-34428) Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) June 9, 2011 October 1, 2008 101 Exhibit No. 10.23+ 10.24+ 10.25+ 10.26+ 10.27+ 10.28+ 10.29+ 10.32+ 10.33+ 10.34+ 10.35+ 10.36+ 10.37+ Description Form of Nonqualified Share Option Agreement Under the Equity Incentive Plan for Executive Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries for employees in Singapore. Form of Nonqualified Share Option Agreement Under the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries for U.S. non-employee directors. Form of Nonqualified Share Option Agreement Under the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan for Senior Management Employees of Avago Technologies Limited and Subsidiaries for non-employee directors in Singapore. Amended and Restated Offer Letter Agreement, dated July 17, 2009, between Avago Technologies Limited and Hock E. Tan. Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated July 17, 2009, between Avago Technologies U.S. Inc. and Bryan T. Ingram. Offer Letter Agreement, dated March 20, 2007, between Avago Technologies and Patricia H. McCall. Incorporated by Referenced Herein Form Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) Filing Date October 1, 2008 Filed Herewith Amendment No. 1 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) October 1, 2008 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Commission File No. 333-137664) September 29, 2006 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Amendment No. 4 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 21, 2009 Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 20-F/A (Commission File No. 333-137664) Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Current Report on Form 6-K (Commission File No. 333-137664) February 27, 2008 July 16, 2008 February 27, 2008 February 27, 2008 March 5, 2009 March 5, 2009 Offer Letter Agreement, dated July 4, 2008, between Avago Technologies and Douglas R. Bettinger. Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Current Report on Form 6-K (Commission File No. 333-137664) 10.30+ Form of indemnification agreement between Avago and each of its directors. 10.31+ Form of indemnification agreement between Avago and each of its officers. Severance Benefits Agreement, dated December 3, 2008, between Avago Technologies Limited and Patricia H. McCall. Offer Letter Agreement, dated December 5, 2008, between Avago Technologies Limited and B.C. Ooi. Avago Technologies Finance Pte. Ltd. Current Report on Form 6-K (Commission File No. 333-137664) Severance Benefits Agreement, dated March 9, 2011, between Avago Technologies US. Inc. and Bryan Ingram. Deferred Compensation Plan. Avago Technologies Limited Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 001-34428) Amendment No. 2 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) June 9, 2011 July 2, 2009 Form of Option Agreement Under Avago Technologies Limited 2009 Equity Incentive Award Plan. Amendment No. 5 to Avago Technologies Limited Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-153127) July 27, 2009 Form of Notice and Restricted Share Unit Agreement Under Avago Technologies Limited 2009 Equity Incentive Award Plan. Avago Technologies Limited Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-33428) December 15, 2010 102 Exhibit No. 10.38+ 10.39+ 10.40+ 21.1 23.1 24.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 Description Employee Share Purchase Plan (amended and restated effective as of June 2, 2010). Avago FY 2011 Performance Bonus Plan for Executive Employees, effective November 1, 2010. Avago FY 2012 Performance Bonus Plan for Executive Employees, effective October 31, 2011. List of Subsidiaries. Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent registered public accounting firm. Power of Attorney (see signature page to this Form 10-K). Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 101.INS* XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH* XBRL Schema Document 101.CAL* XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DEF* XBRL Definition Linkbase Document 101.LAB* XBRL Labels Linkbase Document 101.PRE* XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document Notes: Incorporated by Referenced Herein Form Avago Technologies Limited Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 001-34428) Avago Technologies Limited Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 001-34428) Filing Date June 3, 2010 March 10, 2011 Filed Herewith X X X X X X X X X X X X + # ^ * Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Avago Technologies hereby undertakes to furnish supplementally copies of any omitted schedules upon request by the SEC. Certain portions have been omitted pursuant to a confidential treatment request. Omitted information has been filed separately with the SEC. XBRL-related information in Exhibit 101 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. 103 [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] Wireless Communications serving the smartphone/handset and Base Station infrastructure markets with over 250 patents and leading-edge products that include: • Power Ampliﬁ ers • Front End Modules • Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (FBAR) Filters • GPS LNAs • Optical Finger Navigation • LED Backlighting, Screen Illumination • Ambient Light and Proximity Sensors Consumer and Computing peripherals for Optical/Laser mice, printers, white goods, DVD players, netbooks, Tablet PCs and laptops with over 100 patents and products that include: • Optical and Laser Mouse Sensors • Motion Control Optical Encoders • Paper Level/Edge Proximity Sensors • Display LEDs • Status Indicator and Backlighting LEDs • Ambient Light Photo Sensors • Auto Focus Auxiliary Flash LEDs Wired Infrastructure for switches/routers, data centers, supercomputers and storage/ servers with over 200 patents in parallel optics alone and products that include: • 120Gb Parallel Optic Arrays • 25Gb SerDes ASICs in 28nm • Storage Fibre Channel Transceivers • QSFP/SFP Sonet Transceivers Industrial and Automotive Electronics for alternative energy power generation, electronic signs and signals, automated manufacturing, automotive lighting, GPS navigation, motor inverter systems, battery charging and management, infotainment systems and vehicle safety systems with products that include: • • • Optical Encoders • Polymer Optical Fiber • PLCC-2/4 LEDs, 0.5W LEDs Inverters Isolation and Digital Optocouplers Corporate Headquarters Avago Technologies 1 Yishun Ave 7 Singapore, 768923 U.S. Headquarters Avago Technologies 350 West Trimble Road San Jose, CA 95131 Independent Auditors PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 488 Almaden Boulevard, Suite 1800 San Jose, CA 95110 Registrar and Transfer Agent Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 250 Royall Street Canton, MA 02021 www.computershare.com www.avagotech.com Avago, Avago Technologies, the A logo, Moonstone and CoolPam are trademarks of Avago Technologies in the United States and other countries. Copyright © 2012 Avago Technologies. All rights reserved.

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