Cambrex Corporation
Annual Report 2007

Plain-text annual report

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 OR[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO Commission file number 1-10638 CAMBREX CORPORATION (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) DELAWARE 22-2476135 (STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.) ONE MEADOWLANDS PLAZA, 07073 EAST RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY (ZIP CODE) (ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (201) 804-3000 SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: TITLE OF EACH CLASS NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED ------------------- ----------------------------------------- COMMON STOCK, $.10 PAR VALUE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 (G) OF THE ACT: (NONE) Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a well-known seasonedissuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ]. No [X]. Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reportspursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ]. No [X]. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reportsrequired to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that theregistrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to suchfiling requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X]. No [ ]. Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to thebest of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or informationstatements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or anyamendment to this Form 10-K. [ ] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer,an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and"smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [X]Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [ ](Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (asdefined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ]. No [X]. The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates ofthe registrant was approximately $378,159,543 as of June 30, 2007. APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE REGISTRANTS As of January 31, 2008, there were 29,015,068 shares outstanding of theregistrant's Common Stock, $.10 par value. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 AnnualMeeting are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007ITEM PAGENO. NO.---- ---- PART I 1 Business.......................................... 2 1A Risk Factors...................................... 7 1B Unresolved Staff Comments......................... 13 2 Properties........................................ 13 3 Legal Proceedings................................. 13 4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders........................................... 13 PART II 5 Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities........................................ 14 6 Selected Financial Data........................... 16 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations............... 18 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk....................................... 34 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data....... 35 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure............... 84 9A Controls and Procedures........................... 84 9B Other Information................................. 85 PART III10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance........................................ 8611 Executive Compensation............................ 8712 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.... 8713 Certain Relationships and Related Transactionsand Director Independence............................. 8714 Principal Accountant Fees and Services............ 87 PART IV15 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules........ 88 1 PART IITEM 1 BUSINESSGENERAL Cambrex Corporation (the "Company" or "Cambrex"), a Delaware corporation,began business in December 1981. Cambrex is a life sciences company dedicated togrowing its portfolio of commercial small molecule therapeutics and providingproducts and services that accelerate and improve the discovery andcommercialization of new therapeutics. The Company primarily supplies itsproducts and services worldwide to pharmaceutical and generic drug companies.Cambrex has three operating segments, which are manufacturing facilities, thathave been aggregated as one reportable segment. The Company's overall strategyis to: grow its portfolio of custom development projects for products that maybe approved for sale to the public in order to ensure growth in its business ofmanufacturing active pharmaceutical ingredients ("APIs") and advancedintermediates under long term contracts; expand sales of projects based on itsproprietary technologies; and partner with generic drug companies to grow theCompanies extensive portfolio of generic APIs. The Company also seeks todemonstrate excellence in regulatory compliance, environmental, health andsafety performance, and customer service. As part of the process of evaluatingstrategic alternatives to enhance shareholder value, the sale of two businesseswithin the former Human Health segment was completed in October 2006 and thesale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments wascompleted in February 2007, and accordingly, these businesses are being reportedas discontinued operations in all periods presented. The Company uses a consistent business approach: - Niche Market Focus: The Company participates in niche markets where significant technical expertise provides competitive advantage and market differentiation. - Market Leadership: The Company secures leading market positions through excellent customer service, proprietary technologies, specialized capabilities and an outstanding regulatory record and leverages these capabilities across the market segments in which it participates. - New Products and Services: The Company continues to invest in research and product development in order to introduce innovative products and services to accelerate revenue growth, provide competitive advantage and maintain its leading market positions. - Operational Excellence: The Company maintains its commitment to continually improve productivity and customer service levels and maintains excellent quality and regulatory compliance systems. - Acquisition and Licensing: The Company may drive growth in strategic business segments through the prudent acquisition of products, product lines, technologies and capabilities to enhance the Company's position in its niche markets.MARKET OVERVIEW AND GROWTH DRIVERS The Company participates in markets that serve the healthcare industry.Customers include companies and institutions that discover and commercializehuman therapeutics made using organic chemistry and generic drug companies. The aging population, continued investment in healthcare research and drugdevelopment and the necessity to develop life saving therapeutics to addressunmet needs drives business growth in life sciences companies serving thehealthcare market. Aging "baby boomers" in the United States, Europe and Japanmay provide an enormous healthcare opportunity. This group typically has moreeducation, a higher socio-economic level and higher demands for healthcareservices than previous generations. Demand for Cambrex products and services is increased by its customers'continuing access to financial resources to advance their research anddevelopment projects for therapeutic candidates from the laboratory to theclinic, and eventually, to the patient. Healthcare investment comes from avariety of sources. Large pharmaceutical--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 2and biotechnology companies spend billions on drug discovery and development.Research institutions may be funded by the government, business or privatesectors. Once a drug is identified, companies need to develop a robust process forthe manufacture of clinical and commercial quantities. Product testing andquality processes need to be integrated into the manufacturing process. This isa critical step to getting a commercially viable drug to market. Cambrex excelsin the manufacture and testing of APIs and drug substances at laboratory,clinical and commercial scale and specializes in optimizing manufacturingprocesses. Demand for outsourced services from pharmaceutical companies continues togrow. Large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies may outsource thedevelopment and manufacturing of a drug substance to manage multiple internalpriorities, access new technologies or additional capacity, preserve neededcapital or ensure multiple sources of supply. Emerging pharmaceutical and manygeneric drug companies outsource all process development and manufacturing.Cambrex is particularly well positioned to assist drug companies with these muchneeded services for traditional APIs. New drugs are typically patented. When the patent expires, the drug may bemanufactured and marketed in its generic form. Growth in the generic drug marketis driven by the continuing stream of drug patents that will expire in thefuture and favorable market forces that encourage the use of genericpharmaceuticals as a more cost effective health care alternative to higher-priced branded drugs. In the United States and many countries in Europe,governments and prescription benefit management companies provide incentives forgeneric substitution to reduce costs. Cambrex manufactures nearly 100 genericAPIs, typically in relatively small quantities for use in niche therapeutics. The market for human therapeutics is regulated by the Food and DrugAdministration ("FDA") and other regulatory agencies through the development,manufacturing and commercialization process. The FDA approves human therapeuticsand regulates manufacturing. Excellent regulatory and quality systems areessential to serve the industry. Asian competitors have increased their capabilities in drug substancemanufacturing and finished dosage form drugs in recent years. Although there hasbeen limited direct impact on the Company's niche products, the presence ofthese competitors in the market has resulted in downward pricing pressure ongeneric APIs and certain development services for products that have not beenapproved by the regulatory authorities for sale to the public. Regulatorycompliance and product quality may determine the long term impact of thesecompetitors.DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS The discussion below provides insight to the general development of ourbusiness, including the material acquisitions and disposition of assets over thepast five years. In November 2003, the Company sold its Rutherford Chemicals business. Thesale represents the completion of the transformation from a specialty chemicalorganization into a leading life sciences company. As a result of thistransaction, this business is being reported as discontinued operations in allperiods presented. In October 2006, the Company sold two businesses within the former HumanHealth segment for nominal consideration. As a result of this transaction, thesebusinesses are being reported as discontinued operations in all periodspresented. In February 2007, the Company completed the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments (excluding certain liabilities)to Lonza for total cash consideration of $463,914, including working capitaladjustments. As a result of this transaction, these businesses are beingreported as discontinued operations in all periods presented. In January 2008, the Company acquired ProSyntest AS, a privately held APIresearch and development company located in Tallinn, Estonia. ProSyntest,renamed Cambrex Tallinn, has strengths in cost effective chemical--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 3route selection and sample generation, rapid scale up of products at kilo labscale, as well as chiral and organometallic chemistries.PRODUCTS The Company uses its technical expertise in a wide range of chemicalprocesses to meet the needs of its customers for high quality products andservices for specialized applications. The Company's business is primarily comprised of the custom development andmanufacture of pharmaceutical ingredients derived from organic chemistry.Products and services are supplied globally to innovative and generic drugcompanies. Products include APIs and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates.Services include custom development and current Good Manufacturing Practices("cGMP") manufacturing services. Products and services are sold to a diverse group of more than 500customers, with two customers individually accounting for more than 10% of 2007sales; one, a pharmaceutical company with which a long-term sales contract is ineffect, accounted for 11.2%. During 2007 the Company extended this contract to2013 which resulted in lower profitability for sales under this arrangement. Asecond customer, a distributor representing multiple customers, accounted for12.5%. The Company's products are sold through a combination of direct sales andindependent agents. One API made up 14.5% of 2007 sales, the majority of whichis sold under the contract extended to 2013 discussed above. This table summarizes gross sales by product groups: 2007 2006 CHANGE % CHANGE -------- -------- ------- -------- APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates... $220,386 $206,193 $14,193 6.9%Other................................... 32,188 30,466 1,722 5.7% -------- -------- ------- Total......................... $252,574 $236,659 $15,915 6.7% ======== ======== ======= Sales of $252,574 increased $15,915 or 6.7% including a 4.7% favorableimpact due to exchange rates reflecting a weaker U.S. dollar. Sales of APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates of $220,386 were $14,193 or6.9% above the prior year due primarily to higher demand for a diuretic API,nicotine polacrilex resin (used in smoking cessation products), amphetamines,and a neurological API. The increase in 2007 sales was partially offset by lowersales of three custom development products. Other sales of $32,188 were $1,722 or 5.7% above the prior year dueprimarily to higher volumes of a crop protection product and x-ray media,partially offset by lower sales of feed additive products.MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION The Company's products generally include higher value, low-to-medium volumeniche products requiring significant technical expertise to develop andmanufacture. Marketing generally requires significant cooperative effort among ahighly trained sales and marketing staff, a scientific staff that can assess thetechnical fit and estimate manufacturing economics and business unit managementto determine the strategic and business fit. The process to take a client'sproject from the clinical trial stage to a commercial, approved therapeutic maytake from two to ten years. The Company uses sales agents and independentdistributors in those areas where they are deemed to be more effective oreconomical than direct sales efforts.RAW MATERIALS The Company uses a wide array of raw materials in the conduct of itsbusinesses. For its products, the Company generally will have a primary and secondarysupplier for its critical raw materials. Prices for these raw materials aregenerally stable except for the petroleum-based solvents where prices can varywith market conditions.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 4RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The Company's research and development program is designed to increase theCompany's competitiveness by improving its technology and developing processesfor the manufacture of new products to meet customer requirements. The goals areto introduce innovative products, improve manufacturing processes to reducecosts, improve quality and increase capacity, to identify market opportunitiesthat warrant significant technical expertise, and offer the prospects of a long-term, profitable business relationship. Research and development activities areperformed at most of the Company's manufacturing facilities in both the UnitedStates and Europe. Approximately 90 employees are partially involved in researchand development activities worldwide. During the fourth quarter of 2007 the Company announced that it willconsolidate its United States research and development activities and smallscale API production with its facility in Charles City, Iowa. As a result of theconsolidation, the Company's Center of Technical Excellence in North Brunswick,New Jersey ("New Jersey R&D facility") was substantially closed as of December31, 2007. The Company spent $12,157, $10,813 and $11,946 in 2007, 2006 and 2005,respectively, on research and development efforts.PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS The Company has patent protection covering certain products, processes andservices. In addition, the Company also relies on know-how and trade secrets(related to many of its manufacturing processes and techniques not generallyknown to other companies) for developing and maintaining its market position. Worldwide, the Company currently owns approximately 16 granted/in-forcepatents which have various expiration dates, the latest of which is in 2025. Inaddition, the Company currently has several pending patent applications and, asdecisions are made to patent new inventions, prepares new patent applications. The Company has registered trademark rights in the United States and selectforeign countries for use in connection with the Company's products andservices. The Company also holds common law trademark rights for certain othermarks. The Company requires employees to sign confidentiality and ownership ofinventions agreements where appropriate.COMPETITION The Company has at least 25 primary API and advanced intermediatecompetitors throughout Western Europe and the U.S. and many more competitorswithin various segments of the markets the Company serves, including a growingnumber of competitors in Asia, Eastern Europe and other low-cost areas. Whilethere has been limited impact from the increased competition by low costproviders on the specific products the Company produces to date, the Companyanticipates that it will face increased competition from these providers. It isexpected that regulatory compliance, product quality and logistics willdetermine the long term impact of these competitors in the primary markets thatthe Company serves. If the Company perceives significant competitive risk and aneed for technical or financial commitment, it generally negotiates long termcontracts or guarantees from its customers.ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY REGULATIONS AND PROCEEDINGS General: Certain products manufactured by the Company involve the use,storage and transportation of toxic and hazardous materials. The Company'soperations are subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to thestorage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of materials into theenvironment and the maintenance of safe working conditions. The Companymaintains environmental and industrial safety, health compliance programs andtraining at its plants and believes that its manufacturing operations are incompliance with all applicable safety, health and environmental laws.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 5 The Company conducts detailed environmental due diligence on allacquisitions. The Company's acquisitions were made with consideration of anyknown environmental conditions. Also, as with other companies engaged in theCompany's industry, risks of substantial costs and liabilities are inherent incertain plant operations and certain products produced at the Company's plants.Additionally, prevailing legislation tends to hold companies primarilyresponsible for the proper disposal of their wastes even after transferal tothird party waste disposal facilities. Moreover, other future developments, suchas increasingly strict environmental, safety and health laws and regulations,and enforcement policies there under, could result in substantial costs andliabilities to the Company and could subject the Company's handling,manufacture, use, reuse, or disposal of substances or pollutants at its plantsto more rigorous scrutiny than at present. Although the Company has no directoperations and conducts its business through subsidiaries, certain legalprinciples that provide the basis for the assertion against a parent company ofliability for the actions of its subsidiaries may support the direct assertionagainst the Company of environmental liabilities of its subsidiaries. Known environmental matters which may result in liabilities to the Companyand the related estimates and accruals are summarized in Note 17 to the CambrexCorporation and Subsidiaries Consolidated Financial Statements. Present and Future Environmental Expenditures: The Company's policy is tocomply with all legal requirements of applicable environmental, health andsafety laws and regulations. The Company believes it is in compliance with suchrequirements and has adequate professional staff and systems in place to remainin compliance. In some cases, compliance can only be achieved by capitalexpenditures and the Company made capital expenditures of $2,060 in 2007, $2,784in 2006, and $2,012 in 2005 for environmental projects. As the environmentalproceedings in which the Company is involved progress from the remedialinvestigation and feasibility study stage to implementation of remedialmeasures, related expenditures may increase. The Company considers costs forenvironmental compliance to be a normal cost of doing business and includes suchcosts in pricing decisions.EMPLOYEES At December 31, 2007, the Company had 844 employees worldwide (616 of whomwere from international operations) compared with 858 employees at December 31,2006 and 837 at December 31, 2005. Non-U.S. production, administration, scientific and technical employees arerepresented by various local and national unions. The Company believes its laborrelations are satisfactory.SEASONALITY The Company experiences some seasonality primarily due to planned plantshutdowns by the Company and certain customers in the third quarter. Operatingresults for any quarter, however, are not necessarily indicative of results forany future period. In particular, as a result of various factors such asacquisitions, plant shutdowns, and the timing of large contract revenue streams,the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its operating resultsshould not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.EXPORT AND INTERNATIONAL SALES The Company exports numerous products to various areas, principally WesternEurope, Asia and Canada. Export sales from the Company's domestic operations in2007, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $28,821, $28,825 and $24,524, respectively.Sales from international operations were $171,145 in 2007, $154,197 in 2006, and$144,577 in 2005. Refer to Note 15.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 6ITEM 1A RISK FACTORSFACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS The following risk factors and other information included in this AnnualReport on Form 10-K should be carefully considered. If any of the followingrisks occur, the Company's business, financial condition, operating results andcash flows could be materially adversely affected. The risks and uncertaintiesdescribed below are not the only ones the Company faces. Additionally, risks anduncertainties not presently known to the Company or that it currently deemsimmaterial also may impair its business, financial condition, operating resultsand cash flows in the future.WE MAY PURSUE TRANSACTIONS THAT MAY CAUSE US TO EXPERIENCE SIGNIFICANT CHARGESTO EARNINGS THAT MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR STOCK PRICE AND FINANCIAL CONDITION. We regularly review potential transactions related to technologies,products, product rights and businesses complementary to our business. Thesetransactions could include mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, strategicalliances or licensing agreements. In the future, we may choose to enter intothese transactions at any time. As a result of acquiring businesses or enteringinto other significant transactions, we have previously experienced, and maycontinue to experience, significant charges to earnings for merger and relatedexpenses that may include transaction costs, closure costs or costs related tothe write-off of acquired in-process research and development. These costs mayalso include substantial fees for investment bankers, attorneys, accountants,financial printing costs, severance and other closure costs associated with theelimination of duplicate or discontinued products, employees, operations andfacilities.IF WE MAKE ACQUISITIONS, WE MAY EXPERIENCE DIFFICULTY INTEGRATING THEBUSINESSES. We continually explore and conduct discussions with many third partiesregarding possible acquisitions. Our ability to continue to achieve our goalsmay depend upon our ability to effectively integrate such businesses, to achievecost efficiencies and to manage these businesses as part of our company.However, we may experience difficulty integrating the merged companies. As aresult of uncertainty following an acquisition and during the integrationprocess, we could experience disruption in our business or employee base. If weare not able to successfully blend our products and technologies with theacquired business to create the advantages the acquisition was intended tocreate, it may effect our results of operations, our ability to develop andintroduce new products and the market price of our common stock. Furthermore,there may be overlap between our products, services or customers, and thecombined company may create conflicts in relationships or other commitmentsdetrimental to the integrated businesses.IF WE FAIL TO IMPROVE THE OPERATIONS OF FUTURE ACQUIRED BUSINESSES, WE MAY BEUNABLE TO ACHIEVE OUR GROWTH STRATEGY. Some of the businesses we may acquire could have significantly loweroperating margins than we do prior to the time we acquire them. In the past, wehave occasionally experienced temporary delays in improving the operatingmargins of these acquired businesses. In the future, if we are unable to improvethe operating margins of acquired businesses or operate them profitably, we maybe unable to achieve our growth strategy.COMPANIES MAY DISCONTINUE OR DECREASE THEIR USAGE OF OUR SERVICES. We have observed increasing pressure on the part of our customers to reducespending, including the use of our services, as a result of negative economictrends generally and in the pharmaceutical industry. These customers coulddiscontinue or decrease their usage of our services, including as a result of aneconomic slowdown in the overall United States or foreign economies.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 7COMPETITION OR A REDUCTION IN DEMAND FOR OUR PRODUCTS COULD REDUCE SALES. The markets for our products are competitive and price sensitive. Othersuppliers have significant financial, operational, sales and marketingresources, and experience in research and development. These and other companiesmay have developed or could in the future develop new technologies that wouldcompete with our products or render our products obsolete. In addition, demandfor our products may weaken due to a reduction in research and developmentbudgets, loss of distributors or other factors. The markets for certain of our products are also subject to specificcompetitive risks and can be highly price competitive. Our competitors havecompeted in the past by lowering prices on certain products. Our competitors maylower prices on these or other products in the future and we may, in certaincases, respond by lowering our prices. Conversely, failure to anticipate andrespond to price competition may hurt our market share. We believe that customers in our markets display loyalty to their initialsupplier of a particular product. Therefore, it may be difficult to generatesales to potential customers who have purchased products from competitors. Tothe extent we are unable to be the first to develop and supply new products, ourcompetitive position may suffer.OUR FAILURE TO OBTAIN NEW CONTRACTS OR RENEW EXISTING CONTRACTS MAY ADVERSELYAFFECT OUR BUSINESS. Many of our contracts are short-term in duration. As a result, we mustcontinually replace our contracts with new contracts to sustain our revenue. Inaddition, many of our long-term contracts may be cancelled or delayed by clientsfor any reason upon notice. The Company currently has a long-term sales contractthat accounts for more than 10% of sales that is scheduled to expire at the endof 2013. There is no guarantee that this contract will be renewed.OUR OPERATING RESULTS MAY UNEXPECTEDLY FLUCTUATE IN FUTURE PERIODS. The Company's revenue and operating results have fluctuated, and couldcontinue to fluctuate, on a quarterly basis. The operating results for aparticular quarter may be lower than expected as a result of a number offactors, including the timing of contracts; the delay or cancellation of acontract; the mix of services provided; seasonal slowdowns in different parts ofthe world; the timing of start-up expenses for new services and facilities; andchanges in government regulations. Because a high percentage of the Company'scosts are relatively fixed in the short term (such as the cost of maintainingfacilities and compensating employees), any one of these factors could have asignificant impact on the Company's quarterly results. In some quarters, theCompany's revenue and operating results may fall below the expectations ofsecurities analysts and investors due to any of the factors described above. Insuch event, the trading price of the Company's common stock would likelydecline, even if the decline in revenue did not have any long-term adverseimplications for the Company's business.FAILURE TO OBTAIN PRODUCTS AND COMPONENTS FROM THIRD-PARTY MANUFACTURERS COULDAFFECT OUR ABILITY TO MANUFACTURE AND DELIVER OUR PRODUCTS. We rely on third-party manufacturers to supply many of our raw materials,product components, and in some cases, entire products. In addition, we have asingle source for supplies of some raw materials and components to our products.Manufacturing problems may occur with these and other outside sources. If suchproblems occur, we cannot ensure that we will be able to manufacture ourproducts profitably or on time.ANY SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF THE DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROCESSCOULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS. The manufacturing of pharmaceutical products are subject to extensiveregulation by governmental authorities, including the FDA and comparableregulatory authorities in other countries. The Company's business depends inpart on strict government regulation of the drug development process.Legislation may be introduced and enacted from time to time to modifyregulations administered by the FDA and governing the drug approval process. Any--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 8significant reduction in the scope of regulatory requirements or theintroduction of simplified drug approval procedures could have a materialadverse effect on the Company's business.VIOLATIONS OF cGMP AND OTHER GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS COULD HAVE A MATERIALADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS. All facilities and manufacturing techniques used for manufacturing ofproducts for clinical use or for commercial sale in the United States must beoperated in conformity with cGMP regulations as required by the FDA. TheCompany's facilities are subject to scheduled periodic regulatory and customerinspections to ensure compliance with cGMP and other requirements applicable tosuch products. A finding that the Company had materially violated theserequirements could result in regulatory sanctions, the loss of a customercontract, the disqualification of data for client submissions to regulatoryauthorities and a mandated closing of the Company's facilities. Any suchviolations would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business.LITIGATION MAY HARM OUR BUSINESS OR OTHERWISE NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR MANAGEMENTAND FINANCIAL RESOURCES. Complex or extended litigation could cause the Company to incur largeexpenditures and distract our management. For example, lawsuits by employees,stockholders, counterparties to acquisition and divestiture contracts,collaborators, distributors, customers, or end-users of our products or servicescould be very costly and substantially disrupt our business. Disputes from timeto time with such companies or individuals are not uncommon, and we cannot beassured that we will always be able to resolve such disputes out of court or onterms favorable to the Company. Refer to Note 17 for a discussion of the Company's environmental and legalmatters.LOSS OF KEY PERSONNEL COULD HURT OUR BUSINESS. The Company depends on a number of key executives. The loss of services ofany of the Company's key executives could have a material adverse effect on theCompany's business. The Company also depends on its ability to attract and retain qualifiedscientific and technical employees. There can be no assurance the Company willbe able to retain its existing scientific and technical employees, or to attractand retain additional qualified employees. The Company's inability to attractand retain qualified scientific and technical employees would have a materialadverse effect on the Company's business.POTENTIAL PRODUCT LIABILITY CLAIMS, ERRORS AND OMISSIONS CLAIMS IN CONNECTIONWITH SERVICES WE PERFORM AND POTENTIAL LIABILITY UNDER INDEMNIFICATIONAGREEMENTS BETWEEN US AND OUR OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OURBUSINESS. The Company manufactures products intended for use by the public. Theseactivities could expose the Company to risk of liability for personal injury ordeath to persons using such products, although the Company does not presentlymarket or sell the products to end users. The Company seeks to reduce itspotential liability through measures such as contractual indemnificationprovisions with clients (the scope of which may vary from client-to-client, andthe performances of which are not secured), exclusion of services requiringdiagnostic or other medical services, and insurance maintained by clients. TheCompany could be materially and adversely affected if it were required to paydamages or incur defense costs in connection with a claim that is outside thescope of the indemnification agreements, if the indemnity, although applicable,is not performed in accordance with its terms or if the Company's liabilityexceeds the amount of applicable insurance or indemnity. In addition, theCompany could be held liable for errors and omissions in connection with theservices it performs. The Company currently maintains product liability anderrors and omissions insurance with respect to these risks. There can be noassurance, however, that the Company's insurance coverage will be adequate orthat insurance coverage will continue to be available on terms acceptable to theCompany.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 9 The Company also indemnifies its officers and directors for certain eventsor occurrences while the officer or director is, or was serving, at theCompany's request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of futurepayments the Company could be required to make under these indemnificationagreements is unlimited; however, the Company has a "Director and Officer"insurance policy that covers a portion of any potential exposure. The Companycould be materially and adversely effected if it were required to pay damages orincur legal costs in connection with a claim above its insurance limits.ASSESSMENTS BY VARIOUS TAX AUTHORITIES MAY BE MATERIALLY DIFFERENT THAN WE HAVEPROVIDED FOR AND WE MAY EXPERIENCE SIGNIFICANT VOLATILITY IN OUR ANNUAL ANDQUARTERLY EFFECTIVE TAX RATE. As a matter of course, the Company is regularly audited by federal, state,and foreign tax authorities. From time to time, these audits result in proposedassessments. While the Company believes that it has adequately provided for anysuch assessments, future settlements may be materially different than we haveprovided. In recent years, as described more fully in Note 8, the Company hasrecorded a valuation allowance against all net domestic and certain foreigndeferred tax assets. Until such time as the Company's domestic and certainforeign profitability is restored and considered by management to be sustainablefor the foreseeable future, the Company will not record the income tax benefitor expense for domestic pre-tax losses and income respectively, and as such willlikely experience significant volatility in its effective tax rate.WE HAVE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF DEBT. The Company has a $200,000 revolving credit facility of which $101,600 wasoutstanding at December 31, 2007. If we are unable to generate sufficient cashflow or otherwise obtain funds necessary to make required payments on the creditfacility, we will be in default. Even if we are able to meet our debt service obligations, the amount ofdebt we have could adversely affect us in a number of ways, including: - limiting our ability to obtain any necessary financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, or other purposes; - limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business; - placing us at a disadvantage relative to our competitors who have lower levels of debt; - making us more vulnerable to a downturn in our business or the economy generally; and - requiring us to use a substantial portion of our cash to pay principal and interest on our debt, instead of investing those funds in the business.INTERNATIONAL UNREST OR FOREIGN CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OURRESULTS. Our international revenues, which include revenues from our non-U.S.subsidiaries and export sales from the U.S., represented 79% and 77% of ourproduct revenues in 2007 and 2006, respectively. There are a number of risks arising from our international business,including: - foreign currencies we receive for sales outside the U.S. could be subject to unfavorable exchange rates with the U.S. dollar and reduce the amount of revenue that we recognize; - the possibility that unfriendly nations or groups could boycott our products; - general economic and political conditions in the markets in which we operate; - potential increased costs associated with overlapping tax structures; - more limited protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; - unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 10 - the difficulties of compliance with a wide variety of foreign laws and regulations; - longer accounts receivable cycles in certain foreign countries; and - import and export licensing requirements. A significant portion of our business is conducted in currencies other thanthe U.S. dollar, which is our reporting currency. We recognize foreign currencygains or losses arising from our operations in the period incurred. As a result,currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which we dobusiness have caused and will continue to cause foreign currency transactiongains and losses. We cannot predict the effects of exchange rate fluctuationsupon our future operating results because of the number of currencies involved,the variability of currency exposures, and the potential volatility of currencyexchange rates. We engage in limited foreign exchange hedging transactions tomanage our foreign currency exposure, but our strategies are short-term innature and may not adequately protect our operating results from the fulleffects of exchange rate fluctuations.THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR STOCK COULD BE VOLATILE. The market price of our common stock in the future may fluctuatesubstantially due to a variety of factors, including: - quarterly fluctuations in our operating income and earnings per share results; - technological innovations or new product introductions by us or our competitors; - economic conditions; - disputes concerning patents or proprietary rights; - changes in earnings estimates and market growth rate projections by market research analysts; - sales of common stock by existing holders; - loss of key personnel; and - securities class actions or other litigation. The market price for our common stock may also be affected by our abilityto meet any guidance that we may, from time to time, publicly announce relatedto our expected sales growth, profitability and other financial and operationalmetrics, and our ability to meet analysts' expectations. In addition, the stockmarket is subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility hashad a significant effect on the market prices of securities issued by manycompanies for reasons unrelated to the operating performance of these companies.INCIDENTS RELATED TO HAZARDOUS MATERIALS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS. Portions of our operations require the controlled use of hazardousmaterials. Although we are diligent in designing and implementing safetyprocedures to comply with the standards prescribed by federal, state, and localregulations, the risk of accidental contamination of property or injury toindividuals from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the eventof such an incident, we could be liable for any damages that result, which couldadversely affect our business. Additionally, any incident could partially or completely shut down ourresearch and manufacturing facilities and operations. We generate waste that must be transported to approved storage, treatmentand disposal facilities. The transportation and disposal of such waste arerequired to meet applicable state and federal statutes and regulations.The storage, treatment and disposal of such waste potentially exposes us toenvironmental liability if, in the future, such transportation and disposal aredeemed to have violated such statues or regulations or if the storage, treatmentand disposal facilities are inadequate and are proved to have damaged theenvironment.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 11 The Company is also party to several environmental remediationinvestigations and cleanups and, along with other companies, has been named a"potential responsible party" for certain waste disposal sites. The Company hasalso retained the liabilities with respect to certain pre-closing environmentalmatters associated with the sale of the Rutherford Chemicals business. Refer toNote 17 for a discussion of the Company's environmental matters.THE POSSIBILITY WE WILL BE UNABLE TO PROTECT OUR TECHNOLOGIES COULD AFFECT OURABILITY TO COMPETE. Our success depends to a significant degree upon our ability to developproprietary products and technologies. However, we cannot be assured thatpatents will be granted on any of our patent applications. We also cannot beassured that the scope of any of our issued patents will be sufficiently broadto offer meaningful protection. We only have patents issued in selectedcountries. Therefore, third parties can make, use, and sell products covered byour patents in any country in which we do not have patent protection. Inaddition, our issued patents or patents we license could be successfullychallenged, invalidated or circumvented so that our patent rights would notcreate an effective competitive barrier. We provide our customers the right touse our products under label licenses that are for research purposes only. Theselicenses could be contested, and we cannot be assured that we would either beaware of an unauthorized use or be able to enforce the restrictions in a cost-effective manner. If a third party claimed an intellectual property right to technology weuse, we may need to discontinue an important product or product line, alter ourproducts and processes, defend our right to use such technology in court or paylicense fees. Although we may, under these circumstances, attempt to obtain alicense to such intellectual property, we may not be able to do so on favorableterms, or at all. Additionally, if our products are found to infringe on a thirdparty's intellectual property, we may be required to pay damages for pastinfringement, and lose the ability to sell certain products or receive licensingrevenues.COMPLIANCE WITH CHANGING REGULATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND PUBLICDISCLOSURE MAY RESULT IN ADDITIONAL EXPENSE. Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governanceand public disclosure, are creating uncertainty for companies. These new orchanged laws and standards are subject to multiple interpretations, in manycases due to their lack of specification. As a result, their application inpractice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory andgoverning bodies which could result in higher costs necessitated by revisions todisclosures and governance practices. We are committed to maintaining highstandards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result of theefforts to comply with the evolving laws and regulations increased general andadministrative expenses have been experienced and are likely to continue.AVAILABLE INFORMATION This annual report on Form 10-K, the Company's quarterly reports on Form10-Q, the Company's current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reportsfiled or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities ExchangeAct of 1934, are made available free of charge on the Company's Internet websitewww.cambrex.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material iselectronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The most recentcertifications by the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief FinancialOfficer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed asexhibits to this Annual report on Form 10-K. Last year the Company filed withthe New York Stock Exchange the Annual Chief Executive Officer Certification asrequired by Section 303A.12.(a) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed CompanyManual. Reports filed by the Company with the SEC may be read and copied at theSEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549.Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained bycalling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site atwww.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and otherinformation regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The following corporate governance documents are available free of chargeon the Company's website: the charters of our Audit, Regulatory Affairs,Compensation and Governance Committees, our Corporate Governance--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 12Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. These corporategovernance documents are also available in print to any stockholder requesting acopy from our corporate secretary at our principal executive offices.Information contained on our website is not part of this report. We will alsopost on our website any amendments to or waivers of our Code of Business Conductand Ethics that relate to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officerand Principal Accounting Officer.ITEM 1B UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None.ITEM 2 PROPERTIES. Set forth below is information relating to the Company's manufacturingfacilities as of December 31, 2007: OPERATINGLOCATION ACREAGE SUBSIDIARY PRODUCT LINES MANUFACTURED-------- ------- ---------- -------------------------- Charles City, IA 57 acres Cambrex APIs, Pharmaceutical Intermediates, Charles City, Imaging Chemicals, Animal Health Inc. Products and Fine Custom ChemicalsKarlskoga, Sweden 42 acres Cambrex APIs, Pharmaceutical Intermediates, Karlskoga AB Imaging Chemicals and Fine Custom ChemicalsPaullo (Milan), Italy 13 acres Cambrex APIs Profarmaco Milano S.r.l. The Company also leases 42,000 square feet in North Brunswick, New Jerseyfor its Center of Technical Excellence, which has a lease term ending Decemberfor its Center of Technical Excellence, which has a lease term ending December2010. In addition, the Company owns a six acre site and buildings in NorthHaven, CT, and a three acre site in Carlstadt, New Jersey. The Company believesits facilities to be in good condition, well-maintained and adequate for itscurrent needs. During the fourth quarter of 2007 the Company announced that it willconsolidate its United States research and development activities and smallscale API production with its facility in Charles City, Iowa. As a result of theconsolidation, the Company's New Jersey R&D facility was substantially closed asof December 31, 2007. Lease payments of approximately $1,400 per year willcontinue through December 2010. The Company is currently exploring its optionsto mitigate the lease expense. Most of the Company's products and services are provided from multi-purposefacilities. Each product has a unique requirement for equipment, and occupiessuch equipment for varying amounts of time. It is generally possible, withproper lead time and customer and regulatory approval (if required), to transferthe manufacturing of a particular product to another facility should capacityconstraints dictate.ITEM 3 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS See "Environmental and Safety Regulations and Proceedings" under Item 1 andNote 17 with respect to various proceedings involving the Company in connectionwith environmental matters. The Company is party to a number of otherproceedings also discussed in Note 17.ITEM 4 SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS None--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 13 PART IIITEM 5 MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES The Company's common stock, $.10 par value is listed on the New York StockExchange ("NYSE") under the symbol CBM. The following table sets forth theclosing high and low sales price of the common stock as reported on the NYSE:2007 HIGH LOW---- ------ ------ First Quarter............................................. $25.04 $21.46Second Quarter............................................ 25.89 11.67Third Quarter............................................. 14.35 10.15Fourth Quarter............................................ 11.69 7.442006 HIGH LOW---- ------ ------ First Quarter............................................. $22.11 $18.52Second Quarter............................................ 21.62 18.89Third Quarter............................................. 22.76 19.78Fourth Quarter............................................ 24.22 20.38 As of January 29, 2008, the Company estimates that there were approximately4,878 beneficial holders of the outstanding common stock of the Company. During May 2007, the Company paid a special dividend of $14.00 per share ofcommon stock. The quarterly dividend on common stock was $0.03 for the firstquarter of 2007 and discontinued thereafter. The quarterly dividend on commonstock was $0.03 for 2006. 2007 EQUITY COMPENSATION TABLE The following table provides information as of December 31, 2007 withrespect to shares of common stock that may be issued under the Company'sexisting equity compensation plans. COLUMN (A) COLUMN (B) COLUMN (C) -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- NUMBER OF SECURITIES REMAINING FOR FUTURE NUMBER OF SECURITIES ISSUANCE UNDER TO BE ISSUED UPON WEIGHTED AVERAGE EQUITY COMPENSATION EXERCISE OF EXERCISE PRICE OF PLANS (EXCLUDING OUTSTANDING OPTIONS, OUTSTANDING OPTIONS, SECURITIES REFLECTEDPLAN CATEGORY WARRANTS AND RIGHTS WARRANTS AND RIGHTS IN COLUMN (A))------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- Equity compensation plans approved by security holders.................... 1,232,520 $20.03 434,404Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders................. 239,237 $20.68 43,896 --------- -------Total................................. 1,471,757 $20.15 478,300 ========= =======--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 14 COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURNS The following graph compares the Company's cumulative total stockholderreturn for a five-year period, with a performance indicator of the overall stockmarket, the S&P 500 Index and the S&P 1500 Pharmaceuticals Index which theCompany believes more closely reflects its current businesses. Prices are as ofDecember 31 of the year indicated. COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE FIVE YEAR TOTAL RETURN(performance graph) S&P 500 S&P 1500 CAMBREX CORPORATION INDEX PHARMACEUTICALS INDEX ------------------- ------- --------------------- 2002 100.00 100.00 100.002003 84.06 128.68 110.302004 90.64 142.69 102.472005 63.17 149.70 99.422006 76.91 173.34 114.912007 60.40 182.86 119.62 The Company's commercial activities are focused on manufacturing andmarketing to customers concentrated in the Life Sciences Industry (includingpharmaceutical chemicals and intermediates). Although the Company's products arediverse, making it difficult to select a comparative peer group, the Companybelieves that the S&P 1500 Pharmaceuticals Index is a good comparison group forthe commercial activities on which it currently focuses. The S&P 1500Pharmaceuticals Index comprises 27 companies as of December 31, 2007.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 15ITEM 6 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following selected consolidated financial data of the Company for eachof the years in the five year period ended December 31, 2007 are derived fromthe audited financial statements for 2007, 2006 and 2005 and the books andrecords of the Company for 2004 and 2003, respectively, each including alladjustments necessary for discontinued operations presentation. The consolidatedfinancial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and foreach of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2007 and thereports of independent registered public accounting firms thereon are includedelsewhere in this annual report. In November 2003, the Company completed thesale of the Rutherford Chemicals business. In October 2006, the Company sold twobusinesses within the former Human Health segment and in February 2007 theCompany completed the sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts andBiopharma segments (excluding certain liabilities). See Note 18. As a result,these businesses are being reported as discontinued operations for all periodspresented. The data presented below should be read in conjunction with thefinancial statements of the Company and the notes thereto and "Management'sDiscussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"included elsewhere herein. YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, ----------------------------------------------------- 2007(1) 2006(2) 2005(3) 2004(4) 2003(5) -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- INCOME DATA:Gross sales............................. $252,574 $236,659 $ 223,565 $216,528 $203,340Net revenues............................ 252,505 235,073 224,213 217,065 206,846Gross profit............................ 91,232 83,858 86,911 84,857 83,930Selling, general and administrative expenses.............................. 48,858 58,279 56,109 53,312 52,256Research and development expenses....... 12,157 10,813 11,946 10,434 9,017Restructuring expenses.................. 6,073 -- -- -- --Strategic alternative costs............. 31,127 2,958 -- -- --Legal settlement........................ -- -- -- -- 11,342Operating (loss)/profit................. (6,983) 11,808 18,856 21,111 11,315Interest (income)/expense, net.......... (485) 5,478 3,089 3,134 2,045Other expense/(income), net............. 725 (17) 201 336 10(Loss)/income before income taxes....... (7,223) 6,347 15,566 17,641 9,260Provision for income taxes.............. 6,288 14,513 25,322 11,050 24,365(Loss)/income from continuing operations............................ (13,511) (8,166) (9,756) 6,591 (15,105)Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax................ 222,759 (21,706) (100,702) (33,461) (38,958)Income/(loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle... 209,248 (29,872) (110,458) (26,870) (54,063)Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.................. -- (228) -- -- --Net income/(loss)....................... 209,248 (30,100) (110,458) (26,870) (54,063)EARNINGS PER SHARE DATA:Earnings/(loss) per common share (basic): (Loss)/income from continuing operations......................... $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37) $ 0.25 $ (0.59) Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax............. $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81) $ (1.28) $ (1.51) Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle............... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- $ -- $ -- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- Net income/(loss)..................... $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18) $ (1.03) $ (2.10)--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 16 YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, ----------------------------------------------------- 2007(1) 2006(2) 2005(3) 2004(4) 2003(5) -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- Earnings/(loss) per common share (diluted): (Loss)/income from continuing operations......................... $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37) $ 0.25 $ (0.59) Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax............. $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81) $ (1.27) $ (1.51) Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle............... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- $ -- $ -- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- Net income/(loss)..................... $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18) $ (1.02) $ (2.10)Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic................................. 28,683 26,816 26,456 26,094 25,775 Diluted............................... 28,683 26,816 26,456 26,462 25,775DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE.............. $ 14.03 $ 0.12 $ 0.12 $ 0.12 $ 0.12BALANCE SHEET DATA: (AT END OF PERIOD)Working capital......................... $ 69,663 $117,616 $ 139,207 $182,915 $138,458Total assets............................ 373,462 606,376 612,472 791,985 778,503Long-term obligations................... 101,600 158,600 182,060 219,999 205,201Total stockholders' equity.............. 102,057 246,646 243,251 391,316 396,630-------- (1) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $31,127 within operating expenses for the costs related to strategic alternatives, $6,073 within operating expenses for restructuring costs and $841 within interest expense for the write-off of unamortized debt costs. Income from discontinued operations include the gain on sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma business segments of $235,489, expense of $4,636 for the Rutherford litigation settlement and expense of $1,000 for an adjustment to an environmental reserve at a Rutherford Business site. (2) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $2,958 within operating expenses for external advisor costs related to divestitures, $5,272 within interest expense due to the pre-payment of a portion of the Company's long-term debt and tax expense of $1,696 related to prior years returns included in the provision for income taxes. Loss from discontinued operations include the loss on the sale of two businesses within the former Human Health segment of $23,244, expense of $200 for an adjustment to an environmental reserve at a Rutherford Business site, $2,092 for a goodwill impairment charge, $1,791 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen and $1,475 for the write-down of an investment in equity securities. (3) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges for executive severance of $4,223 and an increase in an environmental reserve of $1,300 recorded in operating expenses, a tax benefit due to a favorable Swedish court decision of $3,329 and an increase in valuation allowances against domestic deferred tax assets totaling $16,926 within the provision for income taxes. Loss from discontinued operations include pre-tax charges for goodwill impairment of $76,385, long-lived asset impairment charge of $30,792 and a tax benefit related to the long-lived asset impairment of $1,673. (4) Loss from discontinued operations includes a pre-tax charge of $48,720 for goodwill impairment. As a result of the adjustments for discontinued operations, the calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding includes common equivalent shares previously excluded as anti-dilutive. (5) Loss from continuing operations include a pre-tax charge of $11,342 recorded in operating expenses for the settlement of certain class action lawsuits involving Mylan Laboratories and the establishment of valuation allowances against net domestic deferred tax assets totaling $21,487 within the provision for income taxes.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 17ITEM 7 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSEXECUTIVE OVERVIEW The Company's business consists of three manufacturing facilities. Thesefacilities primarily manufacture APIs, ingredients derived from organicchemistry and pharmaceutical intermediates. As part of the process of evaluating strategic alternatives to enhanceshareholder value, the sale of two businesses within the former Human Healthsegment was completed in October 2006 and the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments was completed in February 2007,and accordingly, these businesses are being reported as discontinued operationsin all periods presented. The following significant events occurred during 2007 which affectedresults from continuing operations: - A charge of $31,127 recorded within operating expenses for strategic alternatives costs. - A charge of $6,073 recorded within operating expenses for restructuring expenses. - A charge of $841 recorded within interest expense for the write-off of unamortized debt costs. Sales in 2007 increased 6.7% to $252,574, including a 4.7% favorable impactresulting from foreign currency, from $236,659 in 2006. Increased sales of products based on proprietary technology, and higherdemand for generic APIs primarily contributed to the sales increase. The Companycontinued its expansion of its custom development pipeline during 2007 andsuccessfully transitioned seven products from phase III clinical trials tocommercial production during the year. With one of the broadest portfolios ofproducts and services in the API market, the Company remains profitable andrepresents a solid platform for future growth. Gross margins in 2007 increased to 36.1% from 35.4% in 2006. On aperformance basis (excluding foreign currency impact), gross margins were 35.5%in 2007. The marginal increase is due primarily to favorable product mix mostlyoffset by lower pricing. A pharmaceutical company, with which a long-term sales contract is ineffect, accounted for 11.2% of gross sales. The Company negotiated an extensionof this contract to 2013 which resulted in lower profitability for sales underthis arrangement in 2007. The Company recorded tax expense of $6,288 in 2007 compared to $14,513 in2006. Tax expense in 2007 includes $7,915 of benefit related to the recognitionof certain tax attributes as a result of the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments. The tax provisions in 2007 and2006 are primarily affected by the non-recognition of tax benefits in the U.S.and certain foreign jurisdictions where losses are incurred and the Companyrecords valuation allowances against the benefits, the recording of tax expensefor profitable non-U.S. entities and agreed income tax audit adjustments in theU.S. and non U.S. entities. The Company reported a loss from continuing operations of $13,511, or $0.47per diluted share in 2007, compared to $8,166, or $0.30 per diluted share, in2006.CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES The Company's critical accounting policies are those that require the mostsubjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimatesabout the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. The Company bases itsestimates on historical experience and on other various assumptions that aredeemed reasonable by management under each applicable circumstance. Actualresults or amounts could differ from estimates and the differences could have amaterial impact on the consolidated financial statements. A discussion of theCompany's critical accounting policies, the underlying judgments anduncertainties affecting their application and the--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 18likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under differentconditions or using different assumptions, is as follows: Revenue Recognition Revenues are generally recognized when title to products and risk of lossare transferred to customers. Additional conditions for recognition of revenueare that collection of sales proceeds is reasonably assured and the Company hasno further performance obligations. The Company has certain contracts that contain multiple deliverables. Thesedeliverables often include process development services and commercialproduction and are divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteriaare met, including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to thecustomer and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair valueof the undelivered items. The consideration we receive is allocated among theseparate units based on their respective fair values, and the applicable revenuerecognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units. For contracts that contain milestone-based payments, the Company recognizesrevenue using the proportional performance method based on the percentage ofcosts incurred relative to the total costs estimated to be incurred to completethe contract. Revenue recognition computed under this methodology is compared tothe amount of non-refundable cash payments received or contractually receivableat the reporting date and the lesser of the two amounts is recognized as revenueat each reporting date. The proportional performance methodology applied by theCompany for revenue recognition, utilizes an input based measure, specificallylabor costs, because the Company believes the use of an input measure is abetter surrogate of proportional performance than an output based measure, suchas milestones. Amounts billed in advance are recorded as deferred revenue on the balancesheet. Since payments received are typically non-refundable, the termination ofa contract by a customer prior to its completion could result in an immediaterecognition of deferred revenue relating to payments already received notpreviously recognized as revenue. Sales terms to certain customers include remittance of discounts if certainconditions are met. Additionally, sales are generally made with a limited rightof return under certain conditions. The Company estimates these rebates andestimated returns at the time of sale based on the terms of agreements withcustomers and historical experience and recognizes revenue net of theseestimated costs which are classified as allowances and rebates. The Company bills a portion of freight cost incurred on shipments tocustomers. Freight costs are reflected in cost of goods sold. Amounts billed tocustomers are recorded within net revenues. Asset Valuations and Review for Potential Impairments The review of long-lived assets, principally fixed assets and otheramortizable intangibles, requires the Company to estimate the undiscountedfuture cash flows generated from these assets whenever events or changes incircumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be fully recoverable. Ifundiscounted cash flows are less than carrying value, the long-lived assets arewritten down to fair value. The review of the carrying value of goodwill and indefinite livedintangibles is done annually or whenever events or changes in circumstancesindicate that the carrying value may not be fully recoverable utilizing a two-step process. In the first step, the fair value of the reporting units isdetermined using a discounted cash flow model and compared to the carryingvalue. If such analysis indicates that impairment may exist, the Company thenestimates the fair value of the other assets and liabilities utilizingappraisals and discounted cash flow analyses to calculate an impairment charge. The determination of fair value is judgmental in nature and involves theuse of significant estimates and assumptions, including projected future cashflows primarily based on operating plans, discount rates, determination ofappropriate market comparables and perpetual growth rates. These estimates andassumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not an impairmentcharge is recognized and the magnitude of any such charge.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 19 Environmental and Litigation Contingencies The Company periodically assesses the potential liabilities related to anylawsuits or claims brought against us. See Note 17 for a discussion of theCompany's current environmental and litigation matters, reserves recorded andour position with respect to any related uncertainties. While it is typicallyvery difficult to determine the timing and ultimate outcome of these actions,the Company uses its best judgment to determine if it is probable that theCompany will incur an expense related to a settlement for such matters andwhether a reasonable estimation of such probable loss, if any, can be made. Ifprobable and estimable, the Company accrues for the costs of clean-up,settlements and legal fees. If the aggregate amount of the liability and thetiming of the payment is fixed or reasonably determinable, the Company discountsthe amount to reflect the time value of money. Given the inherent uncertaintyrelated to the eventual outcome of litigation and environmental matters, it ispossible that all or some of these matters may be resolved for amountsmaterially different from any provisions that the Company may have made withrespect to their resolution. Income Taxes The Company applies an asset and liability approach to accounting forincome taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for theexpected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financialstatement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates ineffect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Therecoverability of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the Company's assessmentthat it is more likely than not that sufficient future taxable income will begenerated in the relevant tax jurisdiction to utilize the deferred tax asset. Inthe event the Company determines that future taxable income will not besufficient to utilize the deferred tax asset, a valuation allowance is recorded.The Company's valuation allowances primarily relate to net operating losscarryforwards, foreign tax credits, and alternative minimum tax credits in theU.S., where profitability is uncertain and net operating loss carryforwards incertain state and foreign jurisdictions with little or no history of generatingtaxable income or where future profitability is uncertain. Employee Benefit Plans The Company provides a range of benefits to employees and retiredemployees, including pensions, post-retirement, post employment and health carebenefits. The Company records annual amounts relating to these plans based oncalculations, which include various actuarial assumptions, including discountrates, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, turnover rates, andhealth care cost trend rates. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions onan annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on currentrates and trends when it is deemed appropriate to do so. The effect of themodifications is generally recorded and amortized over future periods. TheCompany believes that the assumptions utilized for recording obligations underits plans are reasonable. The discount rate used to measure pension liabilities and costs is selectedby projecting cash flows associated with plan obligations which were matched toa yield curve of high quality bonds. The Company then selected the single ratethat produces the same present value as if each cash flow were discounted by thecorresponding spot rate on the yield curve.RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 2007 COMPARED TO 2006 Gross sales for 2007 increased 6.7% to $252,574 from $236,659 in 2006.Gross sales were favorably impacted 4.7% due to the impact of foreign currencyreflecting weakness in the U.S. dollar primarily versus the Euro and SwedishKrona.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 20 The following table shows gross sales to geographic area for the yearsended December 31, 2007 and 2006: 2007 2006 -------- -------- North America.......................................... $ 85,644 $ 85,944Europe................................................. 150,692 136,545Asia................................................... 9,125 8,041Other.................................................. 7,113 6,129 -------- --------Total.................................................. $252,574 $236,659 ======== ======== Sales of APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates of $220,386 were $14,193 or6.9% above the prior year due primarily to higher demand for a diuretic API,nicotine polacrilex resin (used in smoking cessation products), amphetamines,and a neurological API. The increase in 2007 sales was partially offset by lowersales of three custom development products. Other sales of $32,188 were $1,722 or 5.7% above the prior year dueprimarily to higher volumes of a crop protection product and x-ray media,partially offset by lower sales of feed additive products. Gross profit in 2007 was $91,232 compared to $83,858 in 2006. Gross marginsin 2007 increased to 36.1% from 35.4% in 2006. On a performance basis (excludingforeign currency impact), gross margins were 35.5% in 2007. The marginalincrease is due primarily to favorable mix mostly offset by lower pricing. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses of $48,858 or 19.3%of gross sales in 2007 decreased from $58,279 or 24.6% in 2006. Administrativeexpenses decreased primarily due to lower personnel costs resulting from reducedstaffing at corporate headquarters (approximately $3,000) and lower audit(approximately $2,200), insurance (approximately $1,900) and legal fees(approximately $1,500) partially offset by an unfavorable impact from foreigncurrency (approximately $1,500). The Company announced plans to eliminate certain employee positions at thecorporate office upon completion of the sale of the businesses that comprisedthe Bioproducts and Biopharma segments. This plan included certain one-timebenefits for employees terminated and is substantially completed as of December31, 2007. Costs related to these plans are recorded as restructuring expenses inthe income statement. The Company recognized expense of $4,014 during 2007,substantially all of which will be in cash. The Company anticipates annual costsavings related to the elimination of all these positions to be approximately$5,200. The Company also announced that it will consolidate its United Statesresearch and development activities and small scale API production with itsfacility in Charles City, Iowa. As a result of the consolidation, the Company'sNew Jersey R&D facility was substantially closed as of December 31, 2007. TheCompany recognized restructuring expenses in 2007 of $2,059, of whichapproximately $1,354 will be in cash. The charge of $2,059 consists of thepresent value of the remaining lease payments under the Company's currentoperating lease at the New Jersey R&D facility (reduced by estimated subleaserentals) of $998, leasehold improvement write-offs of $705 and employeeretention and severance of $356. Costs related to this plan are recorded asrestructuring expenses on the income statement. The operating lease expires inDecember 2010. In accordance with accounting guidance, the severance andretention charges are being recognized ratably over the remaining serviceperiod. An additional charge of $115 will occur in 2008 related to severance.Lease payments are approximately $1,400 per year. As a result of closing thisfacility, the Company estimates annual cost savings of approximately $2,100related to personnel costs which will be offset by continued lease expense andthe loss of certain revenue generating projects. Strategic alternative costs include costs that the Company has incurredrelated to the decision to sell the businesses that comprised the Bioproductsand Biopharma segments in February 2007 and costs associated with the exit of aproduct line that manufactures a feed additive. These costs are not consideredpart of the restructuring program or a part of discontinued operations undercurrent accounting guidance. As a result of the sale of the businesses that comprise the Bioproducts andBiopharma segments, certain benefits became payable under change of controlagreements between the Company and four of its current or former--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 21executives. These costs totaled $20,025 in 2007. Also included in strategicalternative costs are retention bonuses of $6,780; this includes amounts paid tocertain current employees for continued employment, generally through September30, 2007 and December 31, 2007, costs associated with the modification ofemployee stock options due to the payment of the special dividend in connectionwith the divestiture of $2,854 and external advisor costs of $456. The Companymay recognize additional expense in future quarters as the potential for changesin estimates exists. Substantially all of these charges have been or will bepaid in cash. The exact timing of the payments is uncertain at this time but themajority is expected to be in 2008. During the fourth quarter of 2007 the Company committed to a plan to exit aproduct line that produces a feed additive. The equipment used in producing thisproduct will be dismantled and disposed of upon completion of production.Production will continue through the third quarter of 2008. In accordance withFASB Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset RetirementObligations ("FIN 47"), the Company now has the information needed to estimate arange of potential settlement dates and the potential methods of settlement forthe dismantling and disposal of this equipment. Upon adopting FIN 47 in thefourth quarter of 2005, the Company did not have the information needed toestimate the fair market value of the asset retirement obligation and as suchdid not record a liability. During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Companyrecorded $1,012 for the asset retirement obligation. This charge is recorded asstrategic alternative costs in the income statement. Total strategic alternative costs for 2007 were $31,127. Strategicalternative costs for 2006 totaled $2,958 consisting of external advisor costsrelated to divestitures. Research and development expenses of $12,157 were 4.8% of gross sales in2007, compared to $10,813 or 4.6% of gross sales in 2006. The increase inexpense primarily reflects higher personnel costs to invest in the growth anddevelopment of proprietary technology platforms ($400), higher costs at the NewJersey R&D facility due to lower billings of fixed costs to customers resultingfrom fewer projects ($400) and depreciation expense associated with the new R&Dfacility in Milano ($100). The impact of foreign currency also contributed tohigher expense ($500). The Company incurred an operating loss in 2007 of $6,983 compared tooperating income of $11,808 in 2006 due to higher strategic alternative andrestructuring costs, partially offset by lower corporate spending and highergross margins. The 2007 results include strategic alternative and restructuringcosts of $31,127 and $6,073, respectively. The 2006 results include strategicalternative costs of $2,958. Net interest income was $485 in 2007 compared to net interest expense of$5,478 in 2006 primarily reflecting higher interest income in 2007 compared to2006 due to interest earned on the proceeds from the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments. Lower average debt partiallyoffset by higher interest rates contributed to lower interest expense.Additionally, 2007 includes the acceleration of unamortized origination feesrelated to the repayment of a prior credit facility of $841. Included in 2006 isapproximately $5,272 related to the make whole payment of $4,809 and the relatedacceleration of $463 of unamortized origination fees due to the prepayment ofthe Senior Notes partially offset by the allocation of interest expense todiscontinued operations. The average interest rate was 6.9% and 5.8% in 2007 and2006, respectively. The Company recorded tax expense of $6,288 in 2007 compared to $14,513 in2006. Tax expense in 2007 includes $7,915 of benefit related to the recognitionof certain tax attributes as a result of the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments. The tax expense for 2007includes a $7,816 valuation allowance to offset benefits generated from U.S. taxlosses and tax credits and losses in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions. Thesevaluation allowances result from the Company's recent history of domestic andcertain foreign losses and its short-term projections for losses from continuingoperations in the relative jurisdictions. Since 2003, the Company has maintaineda full valuation allowance on the tax benefits arising from domestic pre-taxlosses. The Company will continue to record a full valuation allowance, primarilyon its domestic net deferred tax assets and indefinite lived intangibles, untilan appropriate level of domestic profitability is sustained or tax strategiescan be developed that would enable the Company to conclude that it is morelikely than not that a portion of the domestic net deferred assets would berealized. If the Company continues to report pre-tax losses in the United Statesand certain foreign jurisdictions, income tax benefits associated with thoselosses will not be--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 22recognized and, therefore, those losses would not be reduced by such income taxbenefits. The carryforward periods for foreign tax credits, research andexperimentation tax credits, net operating losses ("NOLs"), and the federalalternative minimum tax credits are 10 years, 20 years, 20 years and anindefinite period, respectively. As such, improvements in domestic pre-taxincome in the future may result in these tax benefits ultimately being realized.However, there is no assurance that such improvements will be achieved. In connection with the sale of the businesses that comprised theBioproducts and Biopharma businesses, the Company utilized domestic NOLs andforeign tax credits for which a full valuation allowance was provided for atDecember 31, 2006. The NOLs and foreign tax credits will be utilized to reducesignificantly all the domestic tax on this transaction. Additionally it isanticipated that any U.S. income tax related to distributions from non-U.S.Bioproducts entities repatriated in 2008 will be offset by foreign tax creditsand NOLs. Loss from continuing operations in 2007 was $13,511, or $0.47 per dilutedshare, versus $8,166, or $0.30 per diluted share in 2006. 2006 COMPARED TO 2005 Gross sales in 2006 of $236,659 increased $13,094 or 5.9% above 2005. Saleswere favorably impacted 0.5% due to the impact of foreign currency reflecting aweaker U.S. dollar. Gross profit in 2006 was $83,858 compared to $86,911 in 2005. Gross marginin 2006 decreased to 35.4% from 38.9% in 2005. The following table shows gross sales by geographic area for the yearsended December 31, 2006 and 2005: 2006 2005 -------- -------- North America.......................................... $ 85,944 $ 81,002Europe................................................. 136,545 129,536Asia................................................... 8,041 7,493Other.................................................. 6,129 5,534 -------- --------Total.................................................. $236,659 $223,565 ======== ======== The increase in sales is due mainly to stronger demand for certain centralnervous system and cardiovascular APIs, nicotine polacrilex resin (used insmoking cessation products) and higher sales of a diuretic API. These sales werepartially offset by lower sales of a gastrointestinal API, feed additives and apharmaceutical intermediate used for end-stage kidney treatment. Increasingpricing pressures on APIs also negatively impacted sales. Gross margins decreased to 35.4% in 2006 from 38.9% in 2005. The reducedmargins are due primarily to higher production costs, lower pricing on certainAPIs, and unfavorable impact of foreign currency partially offset by increasedsales volume and favorable product mix. SG&A expenses of $58,279 or 24.6% of gross sales in 2006 increased from$56,109 or 25.1% in 2005. Administrative expenses increased primarily due tohigher legal and audit fees, higher valuation of stock appreciation rights andthe expensing of stock options partially offset by lower personnel costs. Research and development expenses of $10,813 were 4.6% of gross sales in2006, compared to $11,946 or 5.3% of gross sales in 2005. The decrease primarilyreflects a reduction of Corporate personnel costs and lower labor costs. Operating profit in 2006 was $11,808 compared to $18,856 in 2005. Theresults reflect lower gross margins and higher operating expenses. The 2005results include a charge for executive severance of $4,223 and a $1,300 chargefor an environmental remediation reserve at a non-operating facility. Net interest expense of $5,478 in 2006 increased $2,389 from 2005. TheCompany incurred costs of $5,272 associated with the prepayment of debt in 2006.Excluding these charges, net interest expense would have decreased--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 23$2,883 primarily reflecting lower average debt partially offset by higherinterest rates. The average interest rate was 5.8% and 5.5% in 2006 and 2005,respectively. The Company recorded tax expense of $14,513 in 2006 compared to $25,322 in2005. The tax expense for 2006 includes an $11,804 valuation allowance to offsetbenefits generated from U.S. tax losses and tax credits and losses in certainnon-U.S. jurisdictions. These valuation allowances result from the Company'srecent history of domestic and certain foreign losses and its short-termprojections for losses from continuing operations in the relative jurisdictions.Since 2003, the Company has maintained a full valuation allowance on the taxbenefits arising from domestic pre-tax losses. The Company will continue to record a full valuation allowance, primarilyon its domestic net deferred tax assets and indefinite lived intangibles, untilan appropriate level of domestic profitability is sustained or tax strategiescan be developed that would enable the Company to conclude that it is morelikely than not that a portion of the domestic net deferred assets would berealized. If the Company continues to report pre-tax losses in the United Statesand certain foreign jurisdictions, income tax benefits associated with thoselosses will not be recognized and, therefore, those losses would not be reducedby such income tax benefits. The carryforward periods for foreign tax credits,research and experimentation tax credits, NOLs, and the federal alternativeminimum tax credits are 10 years, 20 years, 20 years and an indefinite period,respectively. As such, improvements in domestic pre-tax income in the future mayresult in these tax benefits ultimately being realized. However, there is noassurance that such improvements will be achieved. Loss from continuing operations in 2006 was $8,166 or $0.30 per dilutedshare, versus $9,756, or $0.37 per diluted share in 2005.LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES During 2007 cash and cash equivalents on hand increased $4,742 to $38,488.The weaker U.S. dollar favorably impacted the translated cash balances by$2,876. During 2007, cash flows from operations used $793, compared to providing$34,720 in the same period a year ago. The change in cash flows from operationsin 2007 versus 2006 is due primarily to the pay down of accounts payable inaddition to the pay down of several year end 2006 accruals. Cash flows provided by investing activities in 2007 of $440,718 primarilyreflect proceeds from the sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproductsand Biopharma segments. Capital expenditures were $25,927 and $23,183 for 2007and 2006, respectively. Capital expenditures for 2007 and 2006 primarilyconsisted of a new API purification lab and finishing facility in Milan, Italyand capital improvements to existing facilities. For 2008, capital expendituresare expected to be approximately $32,000 to $34,000. Cash flows used in financing activities in 2007 of $438,059 include a netreduction of debt of $57,255 and dividends paid of $402,389 partially offset byproceeds from stock options exercised of $21,898. In 2006 the Company had a netreduction of debt of $25,486 and paid dividends of $3,210 which was partiallyoffset by proceeds from stock options exercised of $21,310. In April 2007, the Company entered into a $200,000 five-year SyndicatedSenior Revolving Credit Facility which expires in April 2012. The Company pays interest on this credit facility at LIBOR plus 1.25% -2.00% based upon certain measurements of the Company's financial performance.The credit facility also includes financial covenants regarding interestcoverage and leverage ratios. The Company was in compliance with all financialcovenants at December 31, 2007. The 5-Year Agreement is collateralized by dividend and distribution rightsassociated with a pledge of a portion of stock that the Company owns in aforeign holding company. This foreign holding company owns a majority of theCompany's non-U.S. operating subsidiaries. The Company has employed a plan to mitigate interest rate risk by enteringinto interest rate swap agreements to convert floating rates to fixed interestrates. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had three interest rate swaps--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 24in place with an aggregate notional value of $60,000, at an average fixed rateof 4.48% before any spread based on the level of indebtedness per the terms ofthe credit facility, and with maturity dates of October 2010. The Company'sstrategy has been to cover a portion of outstanding bank debt with interest rateprotection. At December 31, 2007, the coverage was approximately 59% of ourvariable interest rate debt. As of December 31, 2007, there was $101,600 outstanding and $98,400 undrawnunder the 5-Year Agreement. The full amount of the undrawn balance is availableto be borrowed as of December 31, 2007. The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments, which closed during the firstquarter of 2007, to repay outstanding debt and in May 2007, paid a specialdividend of $14.00 per share, totaling $401,556. Approximately $94,000 wasborrowed from the Company's 5-Year Agreement to pay the dividend. The Companyalso discontinued its quarterly dividend payment and will instead allocate thesecash outlays to support its growth initiatives. During 2007, the Company also paid its quarterly dividend on common stockof $0.03 for the first quarter. During 2006, the Company paid cash dividends of$0.12 per share. The 2007 and 2006 weighted average interest rate for long-term bank debtwas 6.9% and 5.8%, respectively.CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS At December 31, 2007, our contractual obligations with initial or remainingterms in excess of one year were as follows: TOTAL 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012+ -------- ------- ------- ------- ------ -------- Long term debt.............. $101,600 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $101,600Interest on debt............ 23,891 5,791 5,791 5,657 4,989 1,663Operating leases............ 7,992 2,198 2,107 2,078 689 920Purchase obligations........ 25,675 9,866 4,386 4,681 3,945 2,797Strategic alternatives/ restructuring............. 17,152 17,152 -- -- -- --Vitamin B-3 settlement...... 1,577 1,577 -- -- -- --Rutherford settlement....... 4,421 4,421 -- -- -- --Mylan settlement............ 1,600 1,600 -- -- -- -- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------ --------Contractual cash obligations............... $183,908 $42,605 $12,284 $12,416 $9,623 $106,980 ======== ======= ======= ======= ====== ======== In addition to the contractual obligations listed above, the Companyexpects to contribute approximately $5,751 in cash to its two U.S. defined-benefit pension plans in 2008. Also, not included in the above table is $5,116of uncertain tax positions due to uncertainty surrounding the timing of theobligation. See Note 8. See Notes 9, 16 and 17 for additional information regarding our debt andother commitments. The Company's forecasted cash flow from future operations may be adverselyaffected by various factors including, but not limited to, declines in customerdemand, increased competition, the deterioration in general economic andbusiness conditions, as well as other factors. See the Risk Factors section ofthis document for further explanation of factors that may negatively impact theCompany's cash flows. Any change in the current status of these factors couldadversely impact the Company's ability to fund operating cash flow requirements.MARKET RISKS In the normal course of business, the Company uses a variety of techniquesand instruments, including derivatives, as part of its overall risk managementstrategy to lower its exposure to market risks arising from adverse changes ininterest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 25 Currency Risk Management The Company's primary market risk relates to exposure to foreign currencyexchange rate fluctuations on transactions entered into by internationaloperations which are primarily denominated in the U.S. dollar, Euro and Swedishkrona. The Company currently uses foreign currency exchange forward contracts tomitigate the effect of short-term foreign exchange rate movements on theCompany's operating results. The notional amount of these contracts as ofDecember 31, 2007 was $22,078. Unrealized foreign exchange contract losses donot subject the Company's actual results to risk as gains or losses on thesecontracts are undertaken to offset gains or losses on the transactions that arehedged. With respect to the contracts outstanding at December 31, 2007, a 10%fluctuation of the local currency over a one-year period would cause $2,214 pre-tax earnings to be at risk. This is based on the notional amount of thecontracts, adjusted for unrealized gains and losses, of $22,144. Thesecalculations do not include the impact of exchange gains or losses on theunderlying positions that would offset the gains and losses of the derivativeinstruments. Interest Rate Management The Company has employed a plan to mitigate interest rate risk by enteringinto interest rate swap agreements to convert floating rates to fixed interestrates. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had three interest rate swaps inplace with an aggregate notional value of $60,000, at an average fixed rate of4.48% before any spread based on the level of indebtedness per the terms of thecredit facility, and with maturity dates of October 2010. The Company's strategyhas been to cover a portion of outstanding bank debt with interest rateprotection. At December 31, 2007, the coverage was approximately 59% of ourvariable interest rate debt. The swap stabilizes interest costs by converting floating or variable ratesto fixed rates through a contract with a financial institution. The Companymonitors the debt position and market trends to protect it from unforeseenshifts in interest rates. For example, at December 31, 2007 the company had variable debt of$101,600, of which $60,000 is fixed by an interest rate swap. Holding all othervariables constant, if the LIBOR portion of the weighted average interest ratesin the variable rate debt increased by 100 basis points the effect on ourearnings and cash flows would have been higher interest expense of $416.CONTINGENCIES The Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legalproceedings covering a wide range of matters that arise in the ordinary courseof its business activities. The Company continually assesses all known facts andcircumstances as they pertain to all legal and environmental matters andevaluates the need for reserves and disclosures as deemed necessary based onthese facts and circumstances and as such facts and circumstances develop. Thesematters, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverseeffect on the Company's financial condition, operating results and cash flows ina future reporting period. Environmental In connection with laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of theenvironment, the Company and its subsidiaries are a party to severalenvironmental proceedings and remediation investigations and cleanups and, alongwith other companies, has been named a potentially responsible party ("PRP") forcertain waste disposal sites ("Superfund sites"). Additionally, as discussed inthe "Sale of Rutherford Chemicals" section below, the Company has retained theliability for certain environmental proceedings, associated with the RutherfordChemicals business. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it ispossible that some of these matters will be decided unfavorably against theCompany. The resolution of such matters often spans several years and frequentlyinvolves regulatory oversight or adjudication. Additionally, many remediationrequirements are not fixed and are likely to be affected by futuretechnological, site, and regulatory developments. Consequently, the ultimateextent of--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 26liabilities with respect to such matters, as well as the timing of cashdisbursements cannot be determined with certainty. In matters where the Company has been able to reasonably estimate itsliability, the Company has accrued for the estimated costs associated with thestudy and remediation of Superfund sites not owned by the Company and theCompany's current and former operating sites. These accruals were $6,905 and$4,862 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in the accrualincludes net adjustments to reserves of $2,334 and the impact of currency of$114 partially offset by payments of $405. Based upon currently availableinformation and analysis, the Company's current accrual represents management'sbest estimate of the probable and estimable costs associated with environmentalproceedings including amounts for investigation fees where remediation costs maynot be estimable at the reporting date. CasChem ISRA As a result of the sale of the Bayonne, New Jersey facility (see "Sale ofRutherford Chemicals" section below), the Company became obligated toinvestigate site conditions and conduct required remediation under the NewJersey Industrial Site Recovery Act ("ISRA"). The Company completed apreliminary assessment of the site and submitted the preliminary assessment tothe New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP"). The preliminaryassessment identified potential areas of concern based on historical operationsand sampling of such areas commenced. The Company has completed a second phaseof sampling and determined that a third phase of sampling is necessary todetermine the extent of contamination and any necessary remediation. The resultsof the completed and proposed sampling, and any additional sampling deemednecessary, will be used to develop an estimate of the Company's future liabilityfor remediation costs, if any. The Company submitted its plan for the thirdphase of sampling to the NJDEP during the fourth quarter of 2005. The samplingwill commence upon approval of the sampling plan. Cosan The Company's Cosan subsidiary conducted manufacturing operations inClifton, New Jersey from 1968 until 1979. Prior to the acquisition of Cosan bythe Company, the operations were moved to another location and thereafterCambrex purchased the business. In 1997, Cosan entered into an AdministrativeConsent Order with the NJDEP. Under the Administrative Consent Order, Cosan wasrequired to complete an investigation of the extent of the contamination relatedto the Clifton site and conduct remediation as may be necessary. During thethird quarter of 2005, the Company completed the investigation related to theClifton site, which extends to adjacent properties. The results of theinvestigation caused the Company to increase its related reserves by $1,300 in2005 based on the proposed remedial action plan. The Company submitted theresults of the investigation and proposed remedial action plan to the NJDEP. Inlate 2006, the NJDEP requested that an additional investigation be conducted atthe site. The Company estimated that the additional work will cost approximately$240, and as such, increased the related reserve in the first quarter of 2007.The Company submitted its plan for additional work to the NJDEP in April 2007.In August 2007 the NJDEP approved the Company's work plan and the additionalinvestigation has commenced. As of December 31, 2007 the reserve was $1,432. Theresults of the additional investigation may impact the remediation plan andcosts. Additionally, the Company has reserved approximately $1,100 at December 31,2007 for the Cosan Carlstadt, N.J. site. Berry's Creek In March 2006, the Company received notice from the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency ("USEPA") that two former operating subsidiariesare considered PRPs at the Berry's Creek Superfund Site, Bergen County, NewJersey. The operating companies are among many other PRPs that were listed inthe notice. Pursuant to the notice, the PRPs have been asked to perform aremedial investigation and feasibility study of the Berry's Creek Site. TheCompany has met with the other PRPs. Both operating companies joined the groupof PRPs and filed a joint response to the USEPA agreeing to jointly negotiate toconduct or fund (along with other PRPs) an appropriate--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 27remedial investigation and feasibility study of the Berry's Creek Site. The PRPshave engaged technical and allocation consultants to evaluate investigation andremedial alternatives and develop a method to allocate related costs among thePRPs. In December 2007 the PRPs reached a tentative agreement on the allocationof the site investigation costs and the Company has increased its reserves by$562 for its share. The investigation is expected to take several years and atthis time it is too early to predict the extent of any additional futureliabilities. Nepera, Inc. -- Maybrook and Harriman Sites In 1987, Nepera, Inc. ("Nepera") was named a PRP along with certain priorowners of the Maybrook Site in Hamptonburgh, New York by the USEPA in connectionwith the disposition, under appropriate permits, of wastewater at that siteprior to Cambrex's acquisition of Nepera in 1986. The Maybrook Site is on theUSEPA's National Priorities List for remedial work. A prior owner of the Neperafacility has participated with Nepera in the performance of a remedialinvestigation and feasibility study for the Maybrook Site. In September 2007,the USEPA issued the Record of Decision ("ROD") which describes the remedialplan for the Maybrook Site. The USEPA also issued the Company and the priorowner a Notice of Potential Liability, requesting that the recipients sign aConsent Decree to complete the ROD and pay the USEPA certain past oversightcosts, which the Company and the prior owner are currently negotiating with theUSEPA. In 1987, Nepera was also named as a responsible party along with certainprior owners of the Harriman, New York production facility by the New York StateDepartment of Environmental Conservation in connection with contamination at theHarriman Site. A prior owner of the Nepera facility has participated with Neperain the performance of the remedial investigation and feasibility study for theHarriman Site. In 1997, a final ROD was issued which describes the remediationplan for the site. Nepera and the prior owner have been implementing the RODsince 1997. Until 1997, reserves were assessed and established based on the informationavailable. In November 1997, a settlement was reached between Nepera, Inc., theformer owner mentioned above, and the original owner of the Harriman operations,pertaining to past and future costs of remediating the Maybrook and HarrimanSites ("the Sites"). Under the terms of the settlement, the original site ownerpaid approximately $13,000 to provide for past and future remediation costs atthe two sites in exchange for a release from the requirement to clean up the twosites, and the settlement funds were placed in a trust for the benefit ofremediating the two sites on behalf of Nepera and the other former site owner.Nepera and the prior owner were reimbursed their past costs from the trust.Nepera had believed that the remaining funds available in the trust would besufficient to provide for the future remediation costs for the Sites.Accordingly, the estimated range of liability for the Sites was set off againstthe settlement funds. Based on currently available information, Nepera believes that the currenttrust balance will not cover the remaining work to be completed at Harriman andunder the final Maybrook ROD issued in September 2007. As such the Company hasincreased its reserve by $1,000, which is recorded in discontinued operations,for its expected share of the shortfall based on currently availableinformation. As of December 31, 2007 the reserve recorded on the books was$1,200. The foregoing matters were retained by Nepera under the 2003 PurchaseAgreement as well as the settlement reached in the Rutherford matter (see "Saleof Rutherford Chemicals" section below). The Company is involved in other matters where the range of liability isnot reasonably estimable at this time and it is not determinable wheninformation will become available to provide a basis for adjusting or recordingan accrual, should an accrual ultimately be required.LITIGATION AND OTHER MATTERS Mylan Laboratories In 1998 the Company and its subsidiary Profarmaco S.r.l. (currently knownas Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l.") ("Profarmaco") were named as defendants(along with Mylan Laboratories, Inc. ("Mylan") and Gyma Laboratories of America,Inc. ("Gyma"), Profarmaco's distributor in the United States) in a proceedinginstituted by the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") in the United States DistrictCourt for the District of Columbia (the--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 28"District Court"). Suits were also commenced by several State Attorneys'General. The suits alleged violations of the Federal Trade Commission Actarising from exclusive license agreements between Profarmaco and Mylan coveringtwo APIs. The FTC and Attorneys' General suits were settled in February 2001,with Mylan (on its own behalf and on behalf of Profarmaco and Cambrex) agreeingto pay over $140,000 and with Mylan, Profarmaco and Cambrex agreeing to monitorcertain future conduct. The same parties including the Company and Profarmaco have also been namedin purported class action complaints brought by private plaintiffs in variousstate courts on behalf of purchasers of the APIs in generic form, makingallegations similar to those raised in the FTC's complaint and seeking variousforms of relief including treble damages. In April 2003, Cambrex reached an agreement with Mylan under which Cambrexwould contribute $12,415 to the settlement of litigation brought by a class ofdirect purchasers. In exchange, Cambrex and Profarmaco received from Mylan arelease and full indemnity against future costs or liabilities in relatedlitigation brought by purchasers, as well as potential future claims related tothis matter. Cambrex recorded an $11,342 charge (discounted to the present valuedue to the five year pay-out) in the first quarter of 2003 as a result of thissettlement. In accordance with the agreement $10,815 has been paid throughDecember 31, 2007, with the remaining $1,600 to be paid in 2008. In February 2008 the District Court, in an action brought by three healthcare insurers, entered judgment after trial against Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex inthe amount of $8,355, payable jointly and severally, and also a punitive damageaward against each of Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex in the amount of $16,709. Theparties will appeal the awards. Cambrex expects any payment of the judgmentagainst it to be made by Mylan under the indemnity described above. Vitamin B-3 In May 1998, the Company's subsidiary, Nepera, which formerly operated theHarriman facility and manufactured and sold niacinamide ("Vitamin B-3"),received a Federal Grand Jury subpoena for the production of documents relatingto the pricing and possible customer allocation with regard to that product. In2000, Nepera reached an agreement with the government as to its alleged role inVitamin B-3 violations from 1992 to 1995. The Canadian government claimedsimilar violations. All government suits in the U.S. and Canada have beenconcluded. Nepera has been named as a defendant, along with several other companies,in a number of private civil actions brought on behalf of alleged purchasers ofVitamin B-3. The actions seek injunctive relief and unspecified but substantialdamages. All cases have been settled within established reserve amounts. Settlement documents are expected to be finalized and payments are expectedto be made during the next several months. The balance of the reserves recordedwithin accrued liabilities related to this matter was $1,579 as of December 31,2007. Sale of Rutherford Chemicals The Company completed the sale of its Rutherford Chemicals business inNovember 2003. Under the agreement for the sale ("Purchase Agreement"), theCompany provided standard representations and warranties and included variouscovenants concerning the business, operations, liabilities and financialcondition of the Rutherford Chemicals business ("Rutherford Business") andprovided certain indemnities. The Company also retained certain liabilities.Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company also retained the responsibility forcertain matters including: (i) certain existing matters including violations andoff-site liabilities; (ii) completing the on-going remediation at the New Yorkfacility under a Record of Decision ("ROD"); and (iii) completing the obligationto investigate site conditions and conduct required remediation under theprovisions of the ISRA. The Company accrued for exposures which are deemedprobable and estimable related to the retained matters.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 29 In April 2006, the Company received a summons and complaint (the"Complaint") from the Buyers, which was filed in the Supreme Court of the Stateof New York, County of New York. In the Complaint, the Buyers soughtindemnification, declaratory and injunctive relief for alleged (i) breaches ofvarious representations, warranties and covenants, related to structures,buildings and equipment at each of the purchased facilities and, in addition,was responsible for a related third party claim; and (ii) was obligated toconduct certain environmental remediation at four of the five RutherfordBusiness facilities. The Company denied the allegations, filed counterclaims andhas been vigorously defending the matter. In July 2007 the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release(the "Settlement Agreement") and a related Environmental Escrow Agreement (the"Escrow Agreement") settling litigation which had been commenced by the Buyersby the filing of the Complaint in April 2006. Under the Settlement Agreement: - In the third quarter of 2007 (i) the Company paid the Buyers the sum of $636 in reimbursement for past remediation expenses at the Rutherford Business facilities; and (ii) the Buyers paid the Company 400 GBP (approximately $813) for reimbursement of certain tax refunds received from United Kingdom taxing authorities. - The Buyers also agreed to pay to an account (the "Escrow Account") created under the Escrow Agreement the sum of $3,149 plus interest subsequent to September 30, 2007, representing the amount owed on a Subordinated Promissory Note issued as consideration under the Purchase Agreement. The Buyers paid $1,000 of such amount in September 2007 and $2,193 in November 2007. - The Company also agreed to make payment to the Escrow Account within 30 days after the Buyers' Final Note Payment. The Company paid $4,421 in January 2008 which was accrued at December 31, 2007. The Escrow Account can be used only for costs arising from the remediationof environmental contamination at the Rutherford Business facilities. TheCompany has the right to object to any use of the funds in the Escrow Accountfor non-remediation purposes, pursuant to an accelerated dispute resolutionprocess involving the parties' appointment of a Special Master. Under the Settlement Agreement, the parties waive and extinguish all rightsunder the Purchase Agreement to seek damages or any other remedy for any otherobligation contained in the Purchase Agreement as they relate to environmentalliabilities, including damages related to pre-closing ownership or operation ofthe Rutherford Business facilities, compliance with environmental laws, and allremediation at the Rutherford Business facilities, except for certain matterswhich the Company specifically retained, namely (i) the off-site treatment,storage and disposal of hazardous materials occurring before the November 10,2003 closing of the Purchase Agreement, (ii) liability arising from the pre-closing sales of products, (iii) the completion of on-going remediation at theNepera facility under a ROD, and (iv) completion of on-going remediation at theBayonne facility under ISRA. The Buyers, however, retain its contractualobligation not to engage in any conduct that materially increases the Company'scosts of completing the remediation under the ROD at the Nepera facility and theISRA process at the Bayonne facility. The obligations specifically retained bythe Company are consistent with its remediation obligations under the PurchaseAgreement. The Company has previously accrued for exposures deemed probable andreasonable related to any specifically retained matters. Further, under the Settlement Agreement, the Buyers and the Company releaseeach other from all claims and counterclaims asserted in the litigation, withthe exception of the Company's possible claim that the Buyers' activities haveincreased the Company's remediation costs at the Nepera facility, which claimthe Company will dismiss without prejudice to its right to reassert the claim inthe future. The Buyers and the Company also waive all rights and obligationsunder the Purchase Agreement related to any claims for additional payments underthe Purchase Agreement, including the Company's claims for the return of taxrefunds, the payment of the Subordinated Note, and any payments under the earn-out provision. Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company indemnifies and holds harmlessthe Buyers for damages related to the obligations the Company specificallyretained. The Buyers indemnify and hold harmless the Company--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 30for certain liabilities, including without limitation those arising from thepresence of hazardous materials at any of the Rutherford Business facilities,except for the matters specifically retained by the Company. The foregoing description is a summary and is qualified in its entirety bythe Settlement Agreement, which is filed as an Exhibit to the Quarterly Reporton Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2007. Related to the Settlement Agreement, the Company's 2007 results include acharge of $4,041, net of tax, recorded in discontinued operations related tothis matter. Class Action Matter In October 2003, the Company was notified of a securities class actionlawsuit filed against Cambrex and five former Company officers. Five classaction suits were filed with the New Jersey Federal District Court (the"Court"). In January 2004, the Court consolidated the cases, designated the leadplaintiff and selected counsel to represent the class. An amended complaint wasfiled in March 2004. The lawsuit has been brought as a class action in the namesof purchasers of the Company's common stock from October 21, 1998 through July25, 2003. The complaint alleges that the Company failed to disclose in a timelyfashion the January 2003 accounting restatement and subsequent SECinvestigation, as well as the loss of a significant contract at the Baltimorefacility. The Company filed a Motion to Dismiss in May 2004. Thereafter, theplaintiff filed a reply brief and in October 2005, the Court denied theCompany's Motion to Dismiss. The Company continues to believe that thecomplaints are without merit and will vigorously defend against them. As such,the Company has recorded no reserves related to this matter. The Company hasreached its deductible under its insurance policy and further costs, expensesand any settlement are expected to be paid by the Company's insurers. The Company entered into a Memorandum of Understanding regarding thesettlement of all claims in this matter. The settlement includes a payment toclass members of an amount which is well within the policy limits of, and isexpected to be paid by, the Company's insurance. As a result, it is not expectedto impact the Company's operating results. Cambrex continues to deny liabilityin the matter. The settlement is subject to final approval by the Court andentry of an agreed upon Final Judgment. Class members will have the opportunityto either object to the terms of the settlement or to opt out of the class. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") Since 2003, the SEC has been conducting an investigation into the Company'sinter-company accounting procedures from the period 1997 through 2001. Theinvestigation began in the first half of 2003 after the Company voluntarilydisclosed certain matters related to inter-company accounts for the five-yearperiod ending December 31, 2001 that resulted in the restatement of theCompany's financial statements for those years. In late June 2007, this matterwas concluded with the issuance by the SEC of a Cease and Desist Order("Order"). There are no fines or penalties associated with the Order. Under theOrder, the Company agreed to undertake certain remedial actions including, for atwo year period following the effective date of the Order, having the Company'soutside auditor conduct agreed upon procedures related to intercompanytransactions and compliance with the Order, with the results of such proceduresbeing reported to the SEC. The Company has implemented the remedial measures andwill continue the reporting and records retention obligations set forth in theOrder. This matter may be considered concluded. Baltimore Litigation In 2001, the Company acquired the biopharmaceutical manufacturing businessin Baltimore (the "Baltimore Business"). The sellers of the Baltimore Businessfiled suit against the Company alleging that the Company made falserepresentations during the negotiations on which the sellers relied in decidingto sell the business and that the Company breached its obligation to payadditional consideration as provided in the purchase agreement which wascontingent on the performance of the Baltimore Business.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 31 In August 2007 the United States District Court, Southern District of NewYork, granted the Company's pending Motion for Summary Judgment in the BaltimoreLitigation. The Company's Motion had been pending since late 2006. The Sellershave filed a notice of appeal. Management continues to believe the matter to bewithout merit and continues its defense of this matter. The Company is awaitingthe Court's briefing schedule and has filed its appellate brief in early 2008. Other The Company has commitments incident to the ordinary course of businessincluding corporate guarantees of certain subsidiary obligations to theCompany's lenders related to financial assurance obligations under certainenvironmental laws for remediation, closure and third party liabilityrequirements of certain of its subsidiaries and a former operating location;contract provisions for indemnification protecting its customers and suppliersagainst third party liability for manufacture and sale of Company products thatfail to meet product warranties and contract provisions for indemnificationprotecting licensees against intellectual property infringement related tolicensed Company technology or processes. Additionally, as permitted under Delaware law, the Company indemnifies itsofficers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer ordirector is, or was, serving at the Company's request in such capacity. The termof the indemnification period is for the officer's or director's lifetime. Themaximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required tomake under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Companyhas a Director and Officer insurance policy that covers a portion of anypotential exposure. The Company currently believes the estimated fair value ofits indemnification agreements is not significant based on currently availableinformation, and as such, the Company has no liabilities recorded for theseagreements as of December 31, 2007. In addition to the matters identified above, Cambrex's subsidiaries areparty to a number of other proceedings that are not considered material at thistime.IMPACT OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS Fair Value Measurements In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157 "Fair ValueMeasurements" ("FAS 157"). This statement defines fair value, establishes aframework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fairvalue measurements. This statement will apply whenever another standard requires(or permits) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. The standarddoes not expand the use of fair value to any new circumstances. FAS 157 iseffective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning afterNovember 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Relative toFAS 157, the FASB issued FASB Staff Positions (FSP) 157-2, which defers theeffective date of SFAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancialliabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in thefinancial statements on a recurring basis, until fiscal years beginning afterNovember 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company iscurrently evaluating the potential impact of this statement. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes -- aninterpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 ("FIN 48") effective January 1, 2007.This interpretation clarified the accounting for uncertainty in income taxpositions and required the Company to recognize in the consolidated financialstatements the impact of a tax position that is more likely than not to besustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. Theeffect of adopting this interpretation was not material. Refer to Note 8 forfurther discussion.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 32 Accounting for Planned Major Maintenance Activities The Company adopted FASB Staff Position ("FSP") No. AUG AIR-1 "Accountingfor Planned Major Maintenance Activities" effective January 1, 2007. This FSPamended certain provisions of APB Opinion No. 28 "Interim Financial Reporting".This FSP prohibited the use of the accrue-in-advance method of accounting forplanned major maintenance activities in annual and interim reporting periods.The adoption of this FSP had an immaterial impact on the Company's financialposition and results of operations. Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 158 "Employers'Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, anamendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)" ("FAS 158") which iseffective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. FAS 158 requires anemployer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefitpostretirement plan as an asset or liability in the balance sheet and torecognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occurthrough comprehensive income. This statement does not impact the amountsrecognized in the income statement. Based on the Company's funded status of planobligations disclosed in Note 14, the impact of adopting FAS 158 was a reductionto accumulated other comprehensive income of $7,464 ($7,088 net of tax) in 2006,with no impact to the Company's consolidated statements of operations or cashflows. There was not any affect on the Company's financing agreements as none ofthe current debt covenants were impacted. FAS 158 will also require an employer to measure the funded status of aplan as of the date of the fiscal year end balance sheet. The Company's pensionplans and post retirement benefits plan currently have a September 30measurement date. This measurement requirement is effective for fiscal yearsending after December 15, 2008. The effect of adopting this pronouncement willnot have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results ofoperations. Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159 "The Fair ValueOption for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities -- Including an amendmentof FASB Statement No. 115" ("FAS 159"). This Statement permits entities tochoose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fairvalue. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option hasbeen elected should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date.FAS 159 is effective at the beginning of the Company's first fiscal year thatbegins after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating thepotential impact of this statement. Amendment of FAS 141 On December 4, 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141 (Revised 2007),"Business Combinations" ("FAS 141R"). Under FAS 141R, an acquiring entity willbe required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in atransaction at the acquisition date fair value with limited exceptions. FAS 141Rwill change the accounting treatment for certain specific items, including: - acquisition costs will be generally expensed as incurred; - noncontrolling interests will be valued at fair value at the acquisition date; - acquired contingent liabilities will be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and subsequently measured at either the higher of such amount or the amount determined under existing guidance for non-acquired contingencies; - in-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an indefinite-lived intangible asset at the acquisition date until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts; - restructuring costs associated with a business combination will be generally expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 33 - changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect income tax expense. FAS 141R also includes a substantial number of new disclosure requirements.FAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations (except for income taxeswhich applies to prior as well as future acquisitions) for which the acquisitiondate is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginningon or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. Accordingly, theCompany will adopt this statement on January 1, 2009. The Company is currentlyassessing the impact of this statement.FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This document may contain "forward-looking statements" within the meaningof the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Rule 3b-6 under TheSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, without limitation,statements regarding expected performance, especially expectations with respectto sales, research and development expenditures, earnings per share, capitalexpenditures, acquisitions, divestitures, collaborations, or other expansionopportunities. These statements may be identified by the fact that they usewords such as "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "estimates," "believes" orsimilar expressions in connection with any discussion of future financial andoperating performance. Any forward-looking statements are qualified in theirentirety by reference to the factors discussed throughout this Form 10-K. Anyforward-looking statements contained herein are based on current plans andexpectations and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actualoutcomes and results to differ materially from current expectations including,but not limited to, global economic trends, pharmaceutical outsourcing trends,competitive pricing or product developments, government legislation andregulations (particularly environmental issues), tax rate, interest rate,technology, manufacturing and legal issues, including the outcome of outstandinglitigation disclosed in the Company's public filings, changes in foreignexchange rates, uncollectable receivables, loss on disposition of assets,cancellation or delays in renewal of contracts, lack of suitable raw materialsor packaging materials, the Company's ability to receive regulatory approvalsfor its products, the accuracy of the Company's current estimates with respectto its earnings and profits for tax purposes in 2007 and other factors describedunder the caption "Risk Factors That May Affect Future Results" in this Form 10-K. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made,and the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-lookingstatement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.New factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predictwhich will arise. In addition, the Company cannot assess the impact of eachfactor on the Company's business or the extent to which any factor, orcombination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from thosecontained in any forward-looking statements.ITEM 7A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK The information required in this section can be found in the "Market Risks"section of Item 7 on page 27 of this Form 10-K.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 34ITEM 8 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The following consolidated financial statements and selected quarterlyfinancial data of the Company are filed under this item: PAGE NUMBER (IN THIS REPORT) ---------------- Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms.. 36Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.......... 39Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005..... 40Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005..... 41Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005..... 42Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........ 43Selected Quarterly Financial and Supplementary Data.............. 82 The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule arefiled pursuant to Item 15 of this report.--------(dollars in thousands, except share data) 35 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Shareholders ofCambrex Corporation We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of CambrexCorporation as of December 31, 2007 and the related consolidated statements ofoperations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. Inconnection with our audit of the financial statements, we have also audited thefinancial statement schedules. These financial statements and schedules are theresponsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express anopinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PublicCompany Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require thatwe plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether thefinancial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includesexamining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures inthe financial statements and schedules, assessing the accounting principles usedand significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overallpresentation of the financial statements and schedules. We believe that ouraudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to abovepresent fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CambrexCorporation at December 31, 2007, and the results of its operations and its cashflows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principlesgenerally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the financial statement schedules, when considered inrelation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole,present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein forthe year ended December 31, 2007. As described in Note 3, in 2007 the Company adopted Financial AccountingStandards Board ("FASB") Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty inIncome Taxes -- an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 ("FIN 48"). We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the PublicCompany Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Cambrex Corporation'sinternal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based oncriteria established in Internal Control -- Integrated Framework issued by theCommittee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and ourreport dated February 27, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon./s/ BDO Seidman, LLPWoodbridge, NJFebruary 27, 2008 36 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Shareholders ofCambrex Corporation We have audited Cambrex Corporation's internal control over financialreporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in InternalControl -- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of SponsoringOrganizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CambrexCorporation's management is responsible for maintaining effective internalcontrol over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness ofinternal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying "Item9A, Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting". Ourresponsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control overfinancial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PublicCompany Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require thatwe plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whethereffective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in allmaterial respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internalcontrol over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weaknessexists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness ofinternal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performingsuch other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. Webelieve that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designedto provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reportingand the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordancewith generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control overfinancial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain tothe maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairlyreflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary topermit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally acceptedaccounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company arebeing made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors ofthe company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timelydetection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company'sassets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financialreporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of anyevaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk thatcontrols may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that thedegree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Cambrex Corporation maintained, in all material respects,effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007,based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the PublicCompany Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the accompanyingconsolidated balance sheet of Cambrex Corporation as of December 31, 2007 andthe related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, andcash flows for the year then ended and our report dated February 27, 2008expressed an unqualified opinion thereon./s/ BDO Seidman, LLPWoodbridge, NJFebruary 27, 2008 37 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMTo the Board of Directors and Shareholders ofCambrex Corporation In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the indexappearing under Item 15(a) (1) present fairly, in all material respects, thefinancial position of Cambrex and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2006, and theresults of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years inthe period ended December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting principlesgenerally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion,the information with respect to 2006 and 2005 included in the financialstatement schedule listed in the accompanying index appearing under Item15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forththerein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financialstatements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are theresponsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express anopinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based onour audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with thestandards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonableassurance about whether the financial statements are free of materialmisstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a testbasis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financialstatements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimatesmade by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. As discussed in Notes 3 and 13 to the consolidated financial statements, in2006 the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for pension and otherpostretirement benefit plans and the manner in which it accounts for share-basedcompensation./s/ PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLPFlorham Park, NJMarch 15, 2007, except for the effects of thediscontinued operations with respect to 2006 and2005 described in Note 18, as to which the dateis February 27, 2008 38 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) DECEMBER 31, ------------------- 2007 2006 -------- -------- ASSETSCurrent assets: Cash and cash equivalents.................................. $ 38,488 $ 33,746 Trade receivables, less allowances of $560 and $571 at respective dates........................................ 45,003 38,552 Inventories, net........................................... 61,440 53,893 Assets of discontinued operations.......................... -- 79,527 Prepaid expenses and other current assets.................. 20,104 19,032 -------- -------- Total current assets............................... 165,035 224,750Property, plant and equipment, net........................... 165,657 141,863Goodwill..................................................... 35,552 32,573Assets of discontinued operations............................ -- 202,292Other non-current assets..................................... 7,218 4,898 -------- -------- Total assets....................................... $373,462 $606,376 ======== ========LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYCurrent liabilities: Accounts payable........................................... $ 26,185 $ 28,592 Accrued expense and other current liabilities.............. 69,702 45,101 Liabilities of discontinued operations..................... -- 33,441 -------- -------- Total current liabilities.......................... 95,887 107,134Long-term debt............................................... 101,600 158,600Deferred tax liabilities..................................... 19,086 14,209Liabilities of discontinued operations....................... -- 24,267Accrued pension and postretirement benefits.................. 32,104 39,911Other non-current liabilities................................ 22,728 15,609 -------- -------- Total liabilities.................................. 271,405 359,730Commitments and contingencies (see Notes 16 and 17) Stockholders' equity: Common Stock, $.10 par value; authorized 100,000,000 issued 31,399,700 and 30,145,319 shares at respective dates.... 3,140 3,015 Additional paid-in capital................................. 98,793 241,360 Retained earnings.......................................... 4,031 28,860 Treasury stock, at cost, 2,385,066 and 2,446,097 shares at respective dates........................................ (20,386) (20,832) Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).............. 16,479 (5,757) -------- -------- Total stockholders' equity......................... 102,057 246,646 -------- -------- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity......... $373,462 $606,376 ======== ======== See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 39 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 -------- -------- --------- Gross Sales.......................................... $252,574 $236,659 $ 223,565 Allowances and rebates............................. 1,368 1,026 641 -------- -------- ---------Net sales............................................ 251,206 235,633 222,924 Other revenues..................................... 1,299 (560) 1,289 -------- -------- ---------Net revenues......................................... 252,505 235,073 224,213 Cost of goods sold................................. 161,273 151,215 137,302 -------- -------- ---------Gross profit......................................... 91,232 83,858 86,911 Selling, general and administrative expenses....... 48,858 58,279 56,109 Research and development expenses.................. 12,157 10,813 11,946 Restructuring expenses............................. 6,073 -- -- Strategic alternative costs........................ 31,127 2,958 -- -------- -------- ---------Operating (loss)/profit.............................. (6,983) 11,808 18,856Other (income)/expenses Interest income.................................... (5,199) (514) (799) Interest expense................................... 4,714 5,992 3,888 Other expenses/(income), net....................... 725 (17) 201 -------- -------- ---------(Loss)/income before income taxes.................... (7,223) 6,347 15,566Provision for income taxes........................... 6,288 14,513 25,322 -------- -------- ---------Loss from continuing operations...................... $(13,511) $ (8,166) $ (9,756)Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, including gains/losses from dispositions, net of tax......... 222,759 (21,706) (100,702) -------- -------- ---------Income/(loss) before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle............................... 209,248 (29,872) (110,458)Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.......................................... -- (228) -- -------- -------- ---------Net income/(loss).................................... $209,248 $(30,100) $(110,458) ======== ======== =========Basic earnings/(loss) per share Loss from continuing operations.................... $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37) Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, including gains/losses from dispositions, net of tax............................................. $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81) Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle....................................... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- -------- -------- --------- Net income/(loss).................................. $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18)Diluted earnings/(loss) per share Loss from continuing operations.................... $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37) Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, including gains/losses from dispositions, net of tax............................................. $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81) Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle....................................... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- -------- -------- --------- Net income/(loss).................................. $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18)Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic and Diluted.................................. 28,683 26,816 26,456 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 40 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) COMMON STOCK ------------------------ ADDITIONAL PAR VALUE PAID-IN RETAINED DEFERRED TREASURY SHARES ISSUED ($.10) CAPITAL EARNINGS COMPENSATION STOCK ------------- --------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------- BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2004...... 28,825,603 $2,883 $ 213,120 $ 175,804 $(1,982) $(21,991) Comprehensive loss Net loss..................... (110,458) Other comprehensive loss Foreign currency translation adj......... Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $883.......... Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax of $217................. Unrealized losses on available for sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0........ Other comprehensive loss........Total comprehensive loss..........Cash dividends at $0.12 per share........................... (3,176)Purchase of treasury stock........ (75)Exercise of stock options......... 292,538 29 3,877Vested restricted stock........... 2,239 (149) 1,298 ---------- ------ --------- --------- ------- --------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2005...... 29,118,141 $2,912 $ 219,236 $ 62,170 $(2,131) $(20,768) Comprehensive loss Net loss..................... (30,100) Other comprehensive income/(loss) Foreign currency translation adj......... Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $177.......... Pensions, net of tax of $(20)................... Unrealized losses on available for sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0........ Reclass adjustment for loss on marketable securities included in net earnings, net of tax of $0...................... Other comprehensive income...Total comprehensive loss..........Adjustment to initially apply FASB Statement No. 158, net of tax of $376............................Disposition of business -- pension.............Cash dividends at $0.12 per share........................... (3,210)Purchase of treasury stock........ (113)Exercise of stock options......... 1,069,876 103 20,977 230Deferred compensation............. -- 222 159Vested restricted stock........... (563) 2,131 (340)Stock option expense.............. 448Restricted stock expense.......... 1,040 ---------- ------ --------- --------- ------- --------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2006...... 30,188,017 $3,015 $ 241,360 $ 28,860 $ -- $(20,832) Comprehensive income Net income................... 209,248 Other comprehensive income/(loss) Foreign currency translation adj........................ Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $107.......... Pensions, net of tax of $346.................... Reclass adjustment for gain on marketable securities included in net earnings, net of tax of $0...................... Other comprehensive income...Total comprehensive income........Disposition of business -- pension.............Cash dividends and return of capital at $14.03 per share..... (169,782) (234,077)Purchase of treasury stock........ (59)Exercise of stock options......... 1,175,101 121 21,777Deferred compensation............. 8,771 1 207 62Vested restricted stock........... 27,811 3 (446) 443Stock option modification......... 2,535Stock option expense.............. 711Restricted stock expense.......... 2,431 ---------- ------ --------- --------- ------- --------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2007...... 31,399,700 $3,140 $ 98,793 $ 4,031 $ -- $(20,386) ========== ====== ========= ========= ======= ======== ACCUMULATED OTHER TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE COMPREHENSIVE STOCKHOLDERS' GAIN/(LOSS) INCOME/(LOSS) EQUITY ------------- ------------- ------------- BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2004...... $ 23,482 $ 391,316 Comprehensive loss Net loss..................... (110,458) (110,458) Other comprehensive loss Foreign currency translation adj......... (40,188) Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $883.......... (984) Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax of $217................. (117) Unrealized losses on available for sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0........ (361) --------- Other comprehensive loss........ (41,650) (41,650) (41,650) ---------Total comprehensive loss.......... $(152,108) =========Cash dividends at $0.12 per share........................... (3,176)Purchase of treasury stock........ (75)Exercise of stock options......... 3,906Vested restricted stock........... 3,388 -------- ---------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2005...... $(18,168) $ 243,251 Comprehensive loss Net loss..................... (30,100) (30,100) Other comprehensive income/(loss) Foreign currency translation adj......... 14,443 Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $177.......... 280 Pensions, net of tax of $(20)................... 839 Unrealized losses on available for sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0........ (10) Reclass adjustment for loss on marketable securities included in net earnings, net of tax of $0...................... 1,475 --------- Other comprehensive income... 17,027 17,027 17,027 ---------Total comprehensive loss.......... $ (13,073) =========Adjustment to initially apply FASB Statement No. 158, net of tax of $376............................ (7,088) (7,088)Disposition of business -- pension............. 2,472 2,472Cash dividends at $0.12 per share........................... (3,210) share........................... (3,210)Purchase of treasury stock........ (113)Exercise of stock options......... 21,310Deferred compensation............. 381Vested restricted stock........... 1,228Stock option expense.............. 448Restricted stock expense.......... 1,040 -------- ---------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2006...... $ (5,757) $ 246,646 Comprehensive income Net income................... 209,248 209,248 Other comprehensive income/(loss) Foreign currency translation adj........................ 15,684 Unrealized losses on hedging contracts, net of tax of $107.......... (1,385) Pensions, net of tax of $346.................... 7,734 Reclass adjustment for gain on marketable securities included in net earnings, net of tax of $0...................... (1,117) --------- Other comprehensive income... 20,916 20,916 20,916 ---------Total comprehensive income........ $ 230,164 =========Disposition of business -- pension............. 1,320 1,320Cash dividends and return of capital at $14.03 per share..... (403,859)Purchase of treasury stock........ (59)Exercise of stock options......... 21,898Deferred compensation............. 270Vested restricted stock........... --Stock option modification......... 2,535Stock option expense.............. 711Restricted stock expense.......... 2,431 -------- ---------BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2007...... $ 16,479 $ 102,057 ======== ========= See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 41 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, --------------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 --------- --------- --------- Cash flows from operating activities: Net income/(loss)..................................... $ 209,248 $ (30,100) $(110,458) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash flows: Depreciation and amortization......................... 19,878 19,028 19,964 Stock based compensation included in net income....... 3,142 1,281 1,936 Write-off of debt origination fees.................... 841 463 -- Strategic alternative and restructuring charges....... 17,693 -- -- Stock option modification............................. 2,535 -- -- Deferred income tax provision......................... 4,209 1,486 14,815 Allowance for doubtful accounts....................... 55 53 20 Inventory reserve..................................... 2,709 2,548 3,157 Loss on sale of assets................................ 392 441 443 Loss on sale of assets................................ 392 441 443Changes in assets and liabilities: Trade receivables..................................... (4,542) (2,399) (3,225) Inventories........................................... (6,329) (10,117) (9,755) Prepaid expenses and other current assets............. 1,131 (6,452) 8,052 Accounts payable and other current liabilities........ (17,919) 16,831 2,545 Other non-current assets and liabilities.............. 550 (2,433) (19,274)Discontinued operations: (Gain)/loss on sale of businesses..................... (235,489) 23,244 -- Changes in operating assets and liabilities........... (5,428) (5,398) 8,271 Other non-cash charges................................ 2,359 24,152 18,767 Rutherford settlement, net of tax..................... 4,172 -- -- Writedown of assets................................... -- 2,092 107,177 --------- --------- --------- Net cash (used) in/provided by operating activities... (793) 34,720 42,435 --------- --------- ---------Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures.................................. (25,927) (23,183) (19,259) Other investing activities............................ 887 233 2,834Discontinued operations: Capital expenditures.................................. (530) (15,975) (21,048) Proceeds from sale of business........................ 466,277 -- -- Acquired in-process research and development.......... -- (1,392) -- Acquisition of businesses (net of cash acquired)...... -- -- (814) Divestiture of business, net of cash.................. -- (636) -- Other investing activities............................ 11 (301) (1,352) --------- --------- --------- Net cash provided by/(used) in investing activities... 440,718 (41,254) (39,639) --------- --------- ---------Cash flows from financing activities: Dividends and return of capital....................... (402,389) (3,210) (3,176) Long-term debt activity (including current portion): Borrowings......................................... 151,500 225,069 212,027 Repayments......................................... (208,755) (250,555) (249,900) Proceeds from stock options exercised................. 21,898 21,310 3,906 Other................................................. (59) (113) (55)Discontinued operations: Long-term debt activity (including current portion): Borrowings......................................... -- 258 92 Repayments......................................... (254) (1,450) (1,429) --------- --------- --------- Net cash used in financing activities................. (438,059) (8,691) (38,535) --------- --------- ---------Effect of exchange rate changes on cash................. 2,876 3,629 (9,770) --------- --------- ---------Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents.... 4,742 (11,596) (45,509)Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year.......... 33,746 45,342 90,851 --------- --------- ---------Cash and cash equivalents at end of year................ $ 38,488 $ 33,746 $ 45,342 ========= ========= =========Supplemental disclosure: Interest paid, net of capitalized interest............ $ 5,003 $ 13,613 $ 11,185 Income taxes paid..................................... $ 17,869 $ 16,690 $ 12,181 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 42 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(1) THE COMPANY Cambrex Corporation and Subsidiaries (the "Company" or "Cambrex") primarilyprovides products and services worldwide to pharmaceutical companies and genericdrug companies. The Company is dedicated to providing essential products andservices to accelerate drug discovery, development and manufacturing processesfor human therapeutics. The Company's products consist of active pharmaceuticalingredients ("APIs") and pharmaceutical intermediates produced under Food andDrug Administration current Good Manufacturing Practices for use in theproduction of prescription and over-the-counter drug products and other finecustom chemicals derived from organic chemistry. In October 2006 the Company sold two businesses within the former HumanHealth segment for nominal consideration. As a result of this transaction, theCompany reported a non-cash charge of $23,244 in the fourth quarter of 2006, andall periods presented reflect the results of these businesses as discontinuedoperations. In February 2007, the Company completed the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments (excluding certain liabilities)for total cash consideration of $463,914, including working capital adjustments.As a result of this transaction, the Company reported a gain of $235,489 in2007, and all periods presented reflect the results of these businesses asdiscontinued operations. Refer to Note 18 for a complete discussion ofdiscontinued operations. Interest expense is allocated to discontinued operations based upon netassets consistent with EITF 87-24 "Allocations of Interest on DiscontinuedOperations." Upon the completion of the sale of the businesses that comprised theBioproducts and Biopharma segments, Cambrex's remaining business focuses onproviding products and services to accelerate the development andcommercialization of small molecule APIs, advanced intermediates and otherproducts for branded and generic pharmaceuticals. Cambrex has three operatingsegments, which are manufacturing facilities, that have been aggregated as onereportable segment.(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Companyand its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances andtransactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Cash Equivalents Temporary cash investments with an original maturity of less than threemonths are considered cash equivalents. The carrying amounts approximate fairvalue. Derivative Instruments Derivative financial instruments are used by the Company primarily forhedging purposes to mitigate a variety of working capital, investment andborrowing risks. The use and mix of hedging instruments can vary depending onbusiness and economic conditions and management's risk assessments. The Companyuses a variety of strategies, including foreign currency forward contracts andtransaction hedging, to minimize or eliminate foreign currency exchange raterisk associated with foreign currency transactions. Gains and losses on thesehedging transactions are generally recorded in earnings in the same period asthey are realized, which is usually the same period as the settlement of theunderlying transactions. The Company uses interest rate derivative instrumentsonly as hedges or as an integral part of borrowing. As such, the differential tobe paid or received in connection with these instruments is accrued andrecognized in income as an adjustment to interest expense. 43 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED) The Company formally documents all relationships between hedginginstruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives andstrategies for undertaking various hedging relationships. All cash flow hedgesare linked to transactions and the Company assesses effectiveness at inceptionand on a quarterly basis. If it is determined that a derivative instrument isnot highly effective or the transaction is no longer deemed probable ofoccurring, the Company discontinues hedge accounting and recognizes theineffective portion in current period earnings. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in,first-out basis, or market. The determination of market value involvesassessment of numerous factors, including costs to dispose of inventory andestimated selling prices. Reserves are recorded to reduce carrying value forinventory determined to be damaged, obsolete or otherwise unsaleable. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulateddepreciation. Plant and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis overthe estimated useful lives for each applicable asset group as follows: Buildings and improvements........... 20 to 30 years, or term of lease if applicableMachinery and equipment.............. 7 to 15 yearsFurniture and fixtures............... 5 to 7 yearsComputer hardware and software....... 3 to 7 years Expenditures for additions, major renewals or betterments are capitalizedand expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to income as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and relatedaccumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gainor loss is reflected in operating expenses. Interest is capitalized inconnection with the constructions and acquisition of assets that are capitalizedover longer periods of time for larger amounts. The capitalized interest isrecorded as part of the cost of the asset to which it relates and is amortizedover the asset's estimated useful life. Total interest capitalized in connectionwith ongoing construction activities in 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $1,123,$443 and $260, respectively. Impairment of Goodwill The Company reviews the carrying value of goodwill to determine whetherimpairment may exist on an annual basis or whenever it has reason to believegoodwill may not be recoverable. The annual impairment test of goodwill isperformed during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Goodwill impairment is determined using a two-step process. The first stepof the goodwill impairment test is used to identify potential impairment bycomparing the fair value of each reporting unit, determined using variousvaluation techniques, with the primary technique being a discounted cash flowanalysis, to its carrying value. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceedsits carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impairedand the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carryingamount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of thegoodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss,if any. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the impliedfair value of the reporting unit's goodwill with the carrying amount of thatgoodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds theimplied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in anamount equal to that excess. 44 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED) The impairment test for other intangible assets not subject to amortizationconsists of a comparison of the fair value of the intangible asset with itscarrying value. If the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fairvalue, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company assesses the impairment of its long-lived assets, includingamortizable intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment, whenevereconomic events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amountsof the assets may not be recoverable. Long lived assets are considered to beimpaired when the sum of the undiscounted expected future operating cash flowsis less than the carrying amounts of the related assets. If impaired, the assetsare written down to fair market value. Revenue Recognition Revenues are generally recognized when title to products and risk of lossare transferred to customers. Additional conditions for recognition of revenueare that collection of sales proceeds is reasonably assured and the Company hasno further performance obligations. The Company has certain contracts that contain multiple deliverables. Thesedeliverables often include process development services and commercialproduction and are divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteriaare met, including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to thecustomer and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair valueof the undelivered items. The consideration we receive is allocated among theseparate units based on their respective fair values, and the applicable revenuerecognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units. For contracts that contain milestone-based payments, the Company recognizesrevenue using the proportional performance method based on the percentage ofcosts incurred relative to the total costs estimated to be incurred to completethe contract. Revenue recognition computed under this methodology is compared tothe amount of non-refundable cash payments received or contractually receivableat the reporting date and the lesser of the two amounts is recognized as revenueat each reporting date. The proportional performance methodology applied by theCompany for revenue recognition, utilizes an input based measure, specificallylabor costs, because the Company believes the use of an input measure is abetter surrogate of proportional performance than an output based measure, suchas milestones. Amounts billed in advance are recorded as deferred revenue on the balancesheet. Since payments received are typically non-refundable, the termination ofa contract by a customer prior to its completion could result in an immediaterecognition of deferred revenue relating to payments already received notpreviously recognized as revenue. Sales terms to certain customers include remittance of discounts if certainconditions are met. Additionally, sales are generally made with a limited rightof return under certain conditions. The Company estimates these rebates andestimated returns at the time of sale based on the terms of agreements withcustomers and historical experience and recognizes revenue net of theseestimated costs which are classified as allowances and rebates. The Company bills a portion of freight cost incurred on shipments tocustomers. Freight costs are reflected in cost of goods sold. Amounts billed tocustomers are recorded within net revenues. Income Taxes The Company and its eligible subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. incometax return. Certain subsidiaries which are consolidated for financial reportingare not eligible to be included in the consolidated U.S. income tax 45 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED)return. Cambrex has not provided U.S. federal income and withholding taxes onits undistributed earnings from non-U.S. operations as of December 31, 2007because it intends to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside of the UnitedStates. If Cambrex were to distribute these earnings, it is anticipated thatforeign tax credits will be available under current law to significantly reducethe resulting U.S. income tax liability. Determination of the amount ofunrecognized deferred tax related to these earnings is not practical. AtDecember 31, 2007, the cumulative amount of unremitted earnings of non-U.S.subsidiaries was approximately $38,000. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generallyaccepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates andassumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities anddisclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financialstatements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during thereporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Environmental Costs In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to extensive andchanging federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations,and has made provisions for the estimated financial impact of environmentalcleanup related costs. The Company's policy is to accrue environmental cleanuprelated costs of a non-capital nature, including estimated litigation costs,when those costs are believed to be probable and can be reasonably estimated.The quantification of environmental exposures requires an assessment of manyfactors, including changing laws and regulations, advancements in environmentaltechnologies, the quality of information available related to specific sites,the assessment stage of each site investigation, preliminary findings and thelength of time involved in remediation or settlement. Such accruals are adjustedas further information develops or circumstances change. For certain matters,the Company expects to share costs with other parties. Costs of futureexpenditures for environmental remediation obligations are not discounted totheir present value unless the aggregate amount of the liability and the timingof cash payments are fixed or reasonably determinable. Recoveries ofenvironmental remediation costs from other parties are recorded as assets whentheir receipt is deemed certain. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company's foreign subsidiaries is theapplicable local currency. The translation of the applicable foreign currenciesinto U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using current exchangerates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accountsand cash flows using average rates of exchange prevailing during the year.Adjustments resulting from the translation of foreign currency financialstatements are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders' equity untilthe entity is sold or substantially liquidated. Gains or losses relating totransactions of a long-term investment nature are accumulated in stockholders'equity. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions areincluded in the results of operations as a component of other revenues in theconsolidated income statement. Foreign currency net transaction gains/(losses)were $260, ($1,042) and $1,128 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Earnings Per Common Share All diluted earnings per share are computed on the basis of the weightedaverage shares of common stock outstanding plus common equivalent shares arisingfrom the effect of dilutive stock options, using the treasury stock method. 46 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED) Earnings per share calculations are as follows: FOR THE YEARS ENDED, ------------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 -------- -------- --------- Net income/(loss):Loss from continuing operations................ $(13,511) $ (8,166) $ (9,756)Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax....................................... 222,759 (21,706) (100,702)Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.................................... -- (228) -- -------- -------- ---------Net income/(loss).............................. $209,248 $(30,100) $(110,458) ======== ======== =========Weighted average shares outstanding:Basic weighted average shares outstanding...... 28,683 26,816 26,456Effect of dilutive stock options*.............. -- -- -- -------- -------- ---------Diluted weighted average shares outstanding.... 28,683 26,816 26,456Income/(loss) per share (basic):Loss from continuing operations................ $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37)Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax....................................... $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81)Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.................................... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- -------- -------- ---------Net income/(loss).............................. $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18) ======== ======== =========Income/(loss) per share (diluted):Loss from continuing operations................ $ (0.47) $ (0.30) $ (0.37)Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax....................................... $ 7.77 $ (0.81) $ (3.81)Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.................................... $ -- $ (0.01) $ -- -------- -------- ---------Net income/(loss).............................. $ 7.30 $ (1.12) $ (4.18) ======== ======== =========* For 2007, 2006 and 2005, the effect of stock options would be anti-dilutive and is therefore excluded. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, shares of 1,171,895,2,157,470, and 3,317,847, respectively, were not included in the calculation ofdiluted shares outstanding because the effect would be anti-dilutive. Stock Based Compensation In accordance with FAS 123(R) "Share-Based Payment," beginning January 1,2006, the Company began recognizing compensation costs for stock option awardsto employees based on their grant-date fair value. The value of each stockoption is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricingmodel. Prior to 2006, the Company accounted for those plans under the recognitionand measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issuedto Employees", and related interpretations. No stock-based employee compensationcost related to the stock option plans was reflected in net income in 2005, asall options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the marketvalue of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. 47 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED) The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings pershare if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FAS123 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" as amended by FAS 148, "Accountingfor Stock-Based Compensation", to stock-based employee compensation. YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005 ------------ Net loss, as reported........................................ $(110,458)Add: stock based compensation expense included in reported net loss................................................... 1,936Deduct: stock-based compensation expenses determined using fair value method.......................................... 21,504 ---------Pro forma net loss........................................... $(130,026)Loss per share: Basic -- as reported....................................... $ (4.18) Basic -- pro forma......................................... $ (4.91) Diluted -- as reported..................................... $ (4.18) Diluted -- pro forma....................................... $ (4.91) During 2005 all unvested options were fully vested by the CompensationCommittee of the Board of Directors. Approximately 2,650,000 unvested optionswere vested resulting in the acceleration of pro forma compensation expense of$12,711 in 2005. The purpose of the accelerated vesting was to eliminatecompensation expense in the income statement that the Company would otherwisehave recorded with respect to these accelerated options subsequent to theJanuary 1, 2006 effective date of FAS 123(R). Due to this acceleration of stockoptions, the pro forma disclosures are not likely to be representative of theeffects on reported net income for future periods. The pro forma compensation expense for 2005 was calculated based onrecognizing ratably over the vesting period the fair value of each optiondetermined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Marketable Securities The Company determines the appropriate classification of all marketablesecurities as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale or trading at the time ofpurchase, and re-evaluates such classification as of each balance sheet date. Asof December 31, 2006 and 2005, all of the Company's marketable securities wereclassified as available-for-sale, and as a result, were reported at fair value.All such securities were sold in 2007. Unrealized gains and losses are reflectedas a net amount under the caption of accumulated other comprehensiveincome/(loss) in stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses are recorded inother expenses. For purposes of computing gains or losses, cost is identified ona specific identification basis. As of December 31, 2006 the fair value ofmarketable securities was $1,298 and the cost basis was $180. Unrealized gainsof $1,330 and unrealized losses of $213 were recorded in accumulated othercomprehensive income as of December 31, 2006. Comprehensive Income/(Loss) Included within accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) for theCompany are foreign currency translation adjustments, changes in the fair valuerelated to derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges, net of relatedtax benefit, unrealized gain on available for sales securities and changes inthe pensions, net of tax. Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the years ended2007 and 2006 is included in the Statements of Stockholders' Equity. 48 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES -- (CONTINUED) The components of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) instockholders' equity are as follows: 2007 2006 ------- -------- Foreign currency translation............................ $23,040 $ 7,359Unrealized (loss)/gain on hedging contracts, net of tax................................................... (1,294) 88Unrealized gain on available for sale securities........ -- 1,117Pensions, net of tax.................................... (5,267) (14,321) ------- -------- Total................................................. $16,479 $ (5,757) ======= ========(3) IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS Fair Value Measurements In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157 "Fair ValueMeasurements" ("FAS 157"). This statement defines fair value, establishes aframework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fairvalue measurements. This statement will apply whenever another standard requires(or permits) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. The standarddoes not expand the use of fair value to any new circumstances. FAS 157 iseffective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning afterNovember 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Relative toFAS 157, the FASB issued FASB Staff Positions ("FSP") 157-2, which defers theeffective date of SFAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancialliabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in thefinancial statements on a recurring basis, until fiscal years beginning afterNovember 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company iscurrently evaluating the potential impact of this statement. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes The Company adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. This interpretationclarified the accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions and requiredthe Company to recognize in the consolidated financial statements the impact ofa tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examinationbased on the technical merits of the position. The effect of adopting thisinterpretation was not material. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion. Accounting for Planned Major Maintenance Activities The Company adopted FASB Staff Position ("FSP") No. AUG AIR-1 "Accountingfor Planned Major Maintenance Activities" effective January 1, 2007. This FSPamended certain provisions of APB Opinion No. 28 "Interim Financial Reporting".This FSP prohibited the use of the accrue-in-advance method of accounting forplanned major maintenance activities in annual and interim reporting periods.The adoption of this FSP had an immaterial impact on the Company's financialposition and results of operations. Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 158 "Employers'Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, anamendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)" ("FAS 158") which iseffective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. FAS 158 requires anemployer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefitpostretirement plan as an asset or liability in the balance sheet and torecognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occurthrough comprehensive income. This statement does not impact the amountsrecognized in the income statement. Based on 49 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(3) IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)the Company's funded status of plan obligations disclosed in Note 14, the impactof adopting FAS 158 was a reduction to accumulated other comprehensive income of$7,464 ($7,088 net of tax) in 2006, with no impact to the Company's consolidatedstatements of operations or cash flows. There was not any affect on theCompany's financing agreements as none of the current debt covenants wereimpacted. FAS 158 will also require an employer to measure the funded status of aplan as of the date of the fiscal year end balance sheet. The Company's pensionplans and post retirement benefits plan currently have a September 30measurement date. This measurement requirement is effective for fiscal yearsending after December 15, 2008. The effect of adopting this pronouncement willnot have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results ofoperations. Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159 "The Fair ValueOption for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities -- Including an amendmentof FASB Statement No. 115" ("FAS 159"). This Statement permits entities tochoose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fairvalue. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option hasbeen elected should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date.FAS 159 is effective at the beginning of the Company's first fiscal year thatbegins after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating thepotential impact of this statement. Amendment of FAS 141 On December 4, 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141 (Revised 2007),"Business Combinations" ("FAS 141R"). Under FAS 141R, an acquiring entity willbe required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in atransaction at the acquisition date fair value with limited exceptions. FAS 141Rwill change the accounting treatment for certain specific items, including: - acquisition costs will be generally expensed as incurred; - noncontrolling interests will be valued at fair value at the acquisition date; - acquired contingent liabilities will be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and subsequently measured at either the higher of such amount or the amount determined under existing guidance for non-acquired contingencies; - in-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an indefinite-lived intangible asset at the acquisition date until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts; - restructuring costs associated with a business combination will be generally expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and - changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect income tax expense. FAS 141R also includes a substantial number of new disclosure requirements.FAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations (except for income taxeswhich applies to prior as well as future acquisitions) for which the acquisitiondate is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginningon or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. Accordingly, theCompany will adopt this statement on January 1, 2009. The Company is currentlyassessing the impact of this statement. 50 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(4) GOODWILL The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows: Balance as of January 1, 2006............................. $29,937Translation effect........................................ 2,636 -------Balance as of December 31, 2006........................... $32,573 -------Translation effect........................................ 2,979 -------Balance as of December 31, 2007........................... $35,552 =======(5) NET INVENTORIES Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in,first-out basis, or market. Net inventories consist of the following: DECEMBER 31, ----------------- 2007 2006 2007 2006 ------- ------- Finished goods..................................... $25,646 $23,792Work in process.................................... 21,301 15,540Raw materials...................................... 11,058 11,696Supplies........................................... 3,435 2,865 ------- ------- Total............................................ $61,440 $53,893 ======= =======(6) PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant and equipment consist of the following: DECEMBER 31, --------------------- 2007 2006 --------- --------- Land............................................ $ 3,451 $ 3,230Buildings and improvements...................... 77,459 72,478Machinery and equipment......................... 287,602 260,230Furniture and fixtures.......................... 1,729 1,617Construction in progress........................ 45,129 25,922 --------- --------- Total...................................... 415,370 363,477Accumulated depreciation........................ (249,713) (221,614) --------- --------- Net........................................... $ 165,657 $ 141,863 ========= ========= Depreciation expense was $19,799, $18,989 and $19,925 for the years endedDecember 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company made significantCapital improvements to two facilities. Total Capital expenditures in 2007 was$33,600 which includes $7,673 that was not paid as of December 31, 2007. 51 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(7) ACCRUED EXPENSE AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES The components of accrued expenses and other current liabilities are asfollows: DECEMBER 31, ----------------- 2007 2006 ------- ------- Salaries and employee benefits payable............. $18,035 $16,694Legal services..................................... 4,741 5,094Deferred revenue................................... 5,190 4,288Restructuring and strategic alternatives........... 18,414 --Rutherford settlement.............................. 4,421 --Deferred tax liabilities........................... 4,971 519Taxes payable...................................... 3,444 6,694Other.............................................. 10,486 11,812 ------- ------- Total............................................ $69,702 $45,101 ======= =======(8) INCOME TAXES (Loss)/Income before income taxes consist of the following: DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------ 2007 2006 2005 -------- -------- -------- Domestic.................................. $(48,634) $(32,954) $(16,916)International............................. 41,411 39,301 32,482 -------- -------- -------- Total................................... $ (7,223) $ 6,347 $ 15,566 ======== ======== ======== The provision for income taxes consist of the followingprovisions/(benefits): DECEMBER 31, --------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 ------- ------- ------- Current: Federal................................... $(8,317) $ 680 $ -- State..................................... 380 (614) 8 International............................. 10,016 12,961 10,499 ------- ------- ------- $ 2,079 $13,027 $10,507 ======= ======= =======Deferred: Federal................................... $ 172 $ 337 $17,238 State..................................... -- -- 111 International............................. 4,037 1,149 (2,534) ------- ------- ------- 4,209 1,486 14,815 ------- ------- ------- Total.................................. $ 6,288 $14,513 $25,322 ======= ======= ======= 52 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(8) INCOME TAXES -- (CONTINUED) The provision for income taxes differs from the statutory federal incometax rate of 35% for 2007, 2006 and 2005 as follows: DECEMBER 31, --------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 ------- ------- ------- Income tax (benefit)/provision at U.S federal statutory rate.................... $(2,528) $ 2,220 $ 5,447State and local taxes, net of federal income tax benefits.............................. 73 7 115Effect of foreign income taxed at rates other than the U.S. federal statutory rate...................................... (27) (1,082) (3,318)Permanent items (primarily compensation).... 9,225 -- --Net change in valuation allowance........... 7,816 11,804 7,946GAAP benefit in continuing operations....... (7,915) -- --Indefinite-lived intangibles................ 172 337 16,926Adjustments for prior years' taxes.......... (536) 1,393 (2,960)Other....................................... 8 (166) 1,166 ------- ------- ------- Total..................................... $ 6,288 $14,513 $25,322 ======= ======= ======= The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31,2007 and 2006 relate to temporary differences and carryforwards as follows: DECEMBER 31, ----------------- 2007 2006 ------- ------- Current deferred tax assets: Inventory........................................ $ 507 $ 985 Receivables...................................... 145 133 Legal and related reserves....................... 4,959 5,493 Disposition reserve.............................. 1,860 -- Other............................................ 3,755 3,771 ------- ------- Current deferred tax assets...................... 11,226 10,382 Valuation allowances............................. (6,026) (9,569) ------- ------- Total current deferred tax assets............. $ 5,200 $ 813 ======= =======Current deferred tax liabilities: Unremitted foreign earnings...................... $ 4,618 $ -- Other............................................ 353 519 ------- ------- Total current deferred tax liabilities........ $ 4,971 $ 519 ======= ======= 53 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(8) INCOME TAXES -- (CONTINUED) DECEMBER 31, ------------------- 2007 2006 -------- -------- Non-current deferred tax assets: Foreign tax credits carryforwards............... $ 44,270 $ 39,957 Environmental................................... 1,921 1,305 Contribution carryforwards...................... -- 21 Net operating loss carryforwards (domestic)..... -- 23,773 Net operating loss carryforwards (foreign)...... 1,858 3,258 Employee benefits............................... 7,412 7,678 Impairment of investment in securities.......... -- 2,360 Research & experimentation tax credits carryforwards................................ 1,237 565 Alternative minimum tax credits carryforwards... 4,054 3,634 Fixed assets.................................... 1,088 3,546 Intangibles..................................... 16 274 Other........................................... 1,163 3,446 -------- -------- Non-current deferred tax assets................. 63,019 89,817 Valuation allowances*........................... (58,816) (81,834) -------- -------- Total non-current deferred tax assets........ $ 4,203 $ 7,983Non-current deferred tax liabilities: Fixed assets.................................... $ 6,978 $ 5,073 Intangibles..................................... 6,348 6,626 Indefinite-lived intangibles.................... 1,531 1,360 Foreign tax allocation reserve.................. 8,061 8,152 Other........................................... 371 981 -------- -------- Total non-current deferred tax liabilities... $ 23,289 $ 22,192 ======== ======== Total net non-current deferred tax liabilities................................ $ 19,086 $ 14,209 ======== ========* In addition to the effect of the domestic and foreign valuation allowances reflected in the current effective tax rate, the valuation allowance has changed due to discontinued operations, agreed tax audit adjustments for prior year deferred tax amounts and currency translation adjustments. The Company establishes a valuation allowance against deferred tax assetswhen it is more likely than not that the Company will be unable to realize thosedeferred tax assets in the future. Based on the Company's current and pastperformance, cumulative losses in recent years resulting from domesticoperations, the market environment in which the Company operates, and theutilization of past tax attributes, the Company has established a valuationallowance of $63,894 against a portion of its domestic deferred tax assets.However, the Company has not recorded a valuation allowance against domestic taxassets which are offset by domestic deferred tax liabilities that are expectedto reverse in the future. With respect to the Company's foreign deferred taxassets, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $948 as of December31, 2007. The Company expects to maintain a full valuation allowance against its netdomestic deferred tax assets (primarily foreign tax credits), subject to theconsideration of all prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, until suchtime as the Company attains an appropriate level of future domesticprofitability and the Company is able to 54 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(8) INCOME TAXES -- (CONTINUED)conclude that it is more likely than not that its domestic deferred tax assetsare realizable. The change in the domestic valuation allowance for the yearsended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $26,506 and $8,236 respectively. The changein the foreign valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2007 and2006 was $55 and $214, respectively. Under the tax laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Companyoperates, net operating losses ("NOLs") may be carried forward or back, subjectto statutory limitations, to reduce taxable income in future or prior years. Thedomestic NOLs have been fully utilized in 2007 as a result of the sale of thebusinesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments and the foreignNOLs total approximately $6,301. NOLs in foreign jurisdictions will carryforwardindefinitely. As of December 31, 2007, $44,270 of foreign tax credits, $1,237 of research& experimentation tax credits and $4,054 of alternative minimum tax credits wereavailable as credits against future U.S. income taxes. Under the U.S. InternalRevenue Code, these will expire in 2014 through 2017, and 2020 through 2027,respectively. The alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards have noexpiration date. All domestic credits are offset by a full valuation allowance. The Company has not provided U.S. federal income and withholding taxes onits undistributed earnings from non-U.S. operations as of December 31, 2007because it intends to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside of the UnitedStates. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax related tothese earnings is not practical. The Company will, however, repatriateapproximately $16,000 of cash resulting from the sale of its Bioproducts non-U.S. businesses. The Company has provided for the tax effect of this in its 2007tax provision. As described in Note 3, the Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 as ofJanuary 1, 2007. As of that date the Company had approximately $5,522 ofunrecognized tax benefits. During 2007, the Company increased its unrecognizedtax benefits by $128 for current year positions which is offset by a decrease inunrecognized tax benefits of $486, mainly for prior year expiration of statuteof limitation periods. The total balance of unrecognized benefits at December31, 2007 of $5,116, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. However,of this total, $2,600 related to U.S. tax attributes may be subject to anapplication of a valuation allowance which would offset the positive effectassociated with the recognition of such benefits. In the next twelve months the Company may decrease its reserve forunrecognized tax benefits for intercompany transactions by approximately $500mainly due to the expiration of a statute of limitation period. Additionally, itmay decrease this reserve by approximately $937 due to a potential favorablecourt decision regarding taxability of dividends and statute expiration and byapproximately $100 for resolution of certain state matters. With the exceptionof the resolution of certain state matters these items would impact the incometax provision. The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company'sunrecognized tax benefits: Balance at January 1, 2007...................................... $5,522Gross increases related to current period tax positions......... 128Gross decreases related to prior period tax positions........... (109)Expiration for statute of limitations for the assessment of taxes......................................................... (377)Foreign currency translation.................................... (48) ------Balance at December 31, 2007.................................... $5,116 ====== Gross interest and penalties of $420 related to the above unrecognized taxbenefits are not reflected in the table above. Consistent with prior periods,the Company recognizes interest and penalties within its income tax provision. 55 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(8) INCOME TAXES -- (CONTINUED) The Company has recently finalized the IRS examination for the periods2001-2003. Although not currently under examination by the IRS, the Company issubject to examination for the years 2004 through 2007. It is also subject toexams in foreign jurisdictions for 2003 and 2005 forward for its significantnon-U.S. jurisdictions. The Company is also subject to audit in various states for various years inwhich it has filed income tax returns. Recently finalized state audits have notresulted in material adjustments. Open years for the majority of states wherethe Company files are for 2004 and forward.(9) LONG-TERM DEBT In February 2007, proceeds from the sale of the businesses that comprisedthe Bioproducts and Biopharma segments, as discussed in Note 18, were used torepay all outstanding debt under a prior credit facility. Due to this repayment,$841 was recorded in interest expense in 2007 related to the acceleration ofunamortized origination fees. In April 2007, the Company entered into a $200,000 five-year SyndicatedSenior Revolving Credit Facility which expires in April 2012. The Company pays interest on this credit facility at LIBOR plus 1.25% -2.00% based upon certain measurements of the Company's financial performance.The credit facility also includes financial covenants regarding interestcoverage and leverage ratios. The Company was in compliance with all financialcovenants at December 31, 2007. The 5-Year Agreement is collateralized by dividend and distribution rightsassociated with a pledge of a portion of stock that the Company owns in aforeign holding company. This foreign holding company owns a majority of theCompany's non-U.S. operating subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2007 there was $101,600 outstanding and $98,400 undrawnunder the 5-Year Agreement. The full amount of the undrawn balance is availableto be borrowed as of December 31, 2007. The 2007 and 2006 weighted average interest rate for long-term bank debtwas 6.9% and 5.8%, respectively. The balance of $101,600 outstanding as of December 31, 2007 matures in2012.(10) DERIVATIVES AND FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The Company uses derivative financial instruments to reduce exposures tomarket risks resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchangerates. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance bythe counter parties to the contracts. However, the Company does not anticipatenon-performance by the counterparties. The Company's policy is to enter into forward exchange contracts orcurrency options to hedge foreign currency transactions. This hedging strategymitigates the impact of short-term foreign exchange rate movements on theCompany's operating results primarily in Sweden and Italy. The Company's primarymarket risk relates to exposures to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuationson transactions entered into by these international operations that aredenominated primarily in U.S. dollars, Swedish krona, and Euros. As a matter ofpolicy, the Company does not hedge to protect the translated results of foreignoperations. The Company's forward exchange contracts substantially offset gains andlosses on the transactions being hedged. The forward exchange contracts havevarying maturities with none exceeding twelve months. The Company makes netsettlements for forward exchange contracts at maturity, based upon negotiatedrates at inception of the contracts. The Company also enters into interest rateswap agreements to reduce the impact of 56 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(10) DERIVATIVES AND FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS -- (CONTINUED)changes in interest rates on its floating rate debt. The swap agreements arecontracts to exchange floating rate for fixed interest payments periodicallyover the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notionaldebt amounts. All forward and swap contracts outstanding at December 31, 2007 have beendesignated as cash flow hedges and, accordingly, changes in the fair value ofderivatives are recorded each period in accumulated other comprehensive income.Changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments reported in accumulatedother comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings in the period inwhich earnings are impacted by the variability of the cash flows of the hedgeditem. The ineffective portion of all hedges is recognized in current-periodearnings and is immaterial to the Company's financial results. The unrealizednet loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2007was $352 and $1,124 for forwards and swaps, respectively. These amounts will bereclassified into earnings as the underlying forecasted transactions occur. Thenet gain recognized in earnings related to foreign currency forward contractsduring the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 was $526. Interest Rate Swap Agreements The notional amounts provide an indication of the extent of the Company'sinvolvement in such agreements but do not represent its exposure to market risk.The following table shows the notional amounts outstanding, maturity dates, andthe weighted average receive and pay rates of interest rate swap agreements asof December 31, 2007. WEIGHTED AVG. RATENOTIONAL MATURITY ---------------AMOUNTS DATE PAY RECEIVE-------- -------- ----- ------- $20,000............................................. 2010 4.48% 4.85%$20,000............................................. 2010 4.49% 4.85%$20,000............................................. 2010 4.46% 4.85% Interest expense under these agreements, and the respective debtinstruments that they hedge, are recorded at the net effective interest rate ofthe hedged transactions. The fair value of these agreements was based on quotedmarket prices and was in a loss position of $1,124 at December 31, 2007. Foreign Exchange Instruments The table below reflects the notional and fair value amounts of foreignexchange contracts at December 31, 2007 and 2006: 2007 2006 ---------------- ---------------- NOTIONAL FAIR NOTIONAL FAIR AMOUNTS VALUE AMOUNTS VALUE -------- ----- -------- ----- Forward exchange contracts.................... $22,078 $(74) $14,255 $292 The carrying amount reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cashand cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximatesfair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financialinstruments. The carrying amount for short-term and long-term debt approximatesfair value because all of this underlying debt is at variable rates. 57 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(11) STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVE AND RESTRUCTURING CHARGES Strategic Alternative Costs Strategic alternative costs include costs that the Company has incurredrelated to the decision to sell the businesses that comprised the Bioproductsand Biopharma segments in February 2007 and costs associated with the exit of aproduct line that manufactures a feed additive. These costs are not consideredpart of the restructuring program or a part of discontinued operations undercurrent accounting guidance. As a result of the sale of the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments, certainbenefits became payable under change of control agreements between the Companyand four of its current or former executives. These costs totaled $20,025 in2007. Also included in strategic alternative costs are retention bonuses of$6,780; this includes amounts paid to certain current employees for continuedemployment, generally through September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2007, costsassociated with the modification of employee stock options due to the payment ofthe special dividend in connection with the divestiture of $2,854 and externaladvisor costs of $456. The Company may recognize additional expense in futurequarters as the potential for changes in estimates exists. Substantially all ofthese charges have been or will be paid in cash. The exact timing of thepayments is uncertain at this time but the majority is expected to be in 2008. During the fourth quarter of 2007 the Company committed to a plan to exit aproduct line that produces a feed additive. The equipment used in producing thisproduct will be dismantled and disposed of upon completion of production.Production will continue through the third quarter of 2008. In accordance withFASB Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset RetirementObligations ("FIN 47"), the Company now has the information needed to estimate arange of potential settlement dates and the potential methods of settlement forthe dismantling and disposal of this equipment. Upon adopting FIN 47 in thefourth quarter of 2005, the Company did not have the information needed toestimate the fair market value of the asset retirement obligation and as suchdid not record a liability. During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Companyrecorded $1,012 for the asset retirement obligation. This charge is recorded asstrategic alternative costs in the income statement. Total strategic alternative costs for 2007 were $31,127. Strategicalternative costs for 2006 totaled $2,958 consisting of external advisor costsrelated to divestitures. Corporate Office Restructuring The Company announced plans to eliminate approximately 30 employeepositions at the corporate office upon completion of the sale of the businessesthat comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments in February 2007. Thisplan included certain one-time benefits for employees terminated and issubstantially completed as of December 31, 2007. For 2007, the Companyrecognized expense of $4,014, consisting of $3,787 which will be paid in cashand $227 for stock based compensation and other professional fees. The Companyexpects the total charge for the program to be approximately $4,100,substantially all of which will be paid in cash. The Company anticipates annualcost savings related to the elimination of all these positions to beapproximately $5,200. The following table reflects the activity related to the severance reservethrough December 31, 2007: 2007 ACTIVITY JANUARY 1, ------------------ DECEMBER 31, 2007 CASH 2007 RESERVE BALANCE EXPENSE PAYMENTS RESERVE BALANCE --------------- ------- -------- --------------- Employee termination costs.......... $-- $3,787 $(2,975) $812 --- ------ ------- ---- $-- $3,787 $(2,975) $812 === ====== ======= ==== 58 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(11) STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVE AND RESTRUCTURING CHARGES -- (CONTINUED) Consolidation of Domestic Research and Development Activities In November 2007, the Company announced that it will consolidate its UnitedStates research and development activities and small scale API production withits facility in Charles City, Iowa. As a result of the consolidation, theCompany's New Jersey R&D facility was substantially closed as of December 31,2007. Due to the closure eighteen employee positions are planned to beeliminated of which thirteen were eliminated as of December 31, 2007. The Company recognized restructuring expenses in 2007 of $2,059, of whichapproximately $1,354 will be in cash. The charge of $2,059 consists of thepresent value of the remaining lease payments under the Company's currentoperating lease at the New Jersey R&D facility (reduced by estimated subleaserentals) of $998, leasehold improvement write-offs of $705 and employeeretention and severance of $356. Costs related to this plan are recorded asrestructuring expenses on the income statement. The operating lease expires inDecember 2010. In accordance with accounting guidance, the severance andretention charges are being recognized ratably over the remaining serviceperiod. An additional charge of $115 will occur in 2008 related to severance.Lease payments are approximately $1,400 per year. As a result of closing thisfacility, cost savings going forward amounts to approximately $2,100 per yearrelated to personnel costs which will be offset by continued lease expense. The following table reflects the activity related to the restructuringreserve through December 31, 2007: 2007 ACTIVITY JANUARY 1, ------------------ DECEMBER 31, 2007 CASH 2007 RESERVE BALANCE EXPENSE PAYMENTS RESERVE BALANCE --------------- ------- -------- --------------- Employee termination costs.......... $-- $ 356 $-- $ 356Present value of lease payments..... -- 998 -- 998 --- ------ --- ------ $-- $1,354 $-- $1,354 === ====== === ======(12) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY The Company has two classes of common shares which are Common Stock andNonvoting Common Stock. Authorized shares of Common Stock were 100,000,000 atDecember 31, 2007 and 2006. Authorized shares of Nonvoting Common Stock were730,746 at December 31, 2007 and 2006. Nonvoting Common Stock with a par valueof $.10 has equal rights with Common Stock, with the exception of voting power.Nonvoting Common Stock is convertible, share for share, into Common Stock,subject to any legal requirements applicable to holders restricting the extentto which they may own voting stock. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, no sharesof Nonvoting Common Stock were outstanding. The Company has authorized 5,000,000shares of Series Preferred Stock, par value $.10, issuable in series and withrights, powers and preferences as may be fixed by the Board of Directors. AtDecember 31, 2007 and 2006, there was no preferred stock outstanding. On May 3, 2007, the Company paid a special dividend of $14.00 per share toits shareholders resulting in a reduction in stockholders' equity of $403,026.The effect on stockholders' equity was a reduction to retained earnings of$233,244, representing total accumulated earnings as of the date of declaration,with the remainder representing a return of capital of $169,782. As of December31, 2007, cash disbursements were $401,556 and $1,470 was accrued related todividends on unvested restricted stock. The Company also announced that it willno longer pay a quarterly dividend. The Company held treasury stock of 2,385,066 and 2,446,097 shares atDecember 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, which are primarily used for issuanceto employee benefit plans. 59 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(12) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY -- (CONTINUED) At December 31, 2007 there were 478,300 authorized shares of Common Stockreserved for issuance for stock option plans.(13) STOCK BASED COMPENSATION Beginning January 1, 2006, the Company began recognizing compensation costsfor stock option awards to employees based on their grant-date fair value. Thevalue of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The weighted-average fair value per share for thestock options granted to employees for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006and 2005 were $5.44, $8.00 and $8.56, respectively. The following assumptions were used in determining the fair value of stockoptions for grants issued in 2007, 2006 and 2005: 2007 2006 2005 ----------------- ----------------- ------------- Expected volatility............... 34.38% - 36.90% 36.49% - 38.28% 41.20%Average dividend yield............ 0.00% 0.55% - 0.56% 0.57%Expected term..................... 3.75 - 4.75 years 3.75 - 4.75 years 6 - 7 yearsRisk-free interst rate............ 4.30% - 4.85% 4.42% - 4.96% 2.75% - 4.47% The Company's stock options are not publicly traded; therefore, expectedvolatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company's stock. Therisk-free interest rate is based on the yield of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasurybond whose maturity period approximates the option's expected term. The expectedterm was utilized based on the "simplified" method for determining the expectedterm of stock options in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, "Share-BasedPayment." Assumptions used in estimating the fair value of stock options grantedfor the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 are consistent with theassumptions used prior to the adoption of FAS 123(R) with the exception of theexpected life. As a result of using the "simplified" method, the expected lifewas shortened by 1.25 years. FAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the expected forfeitures for allunvested awards and record compensation costs only for those awards that areexpected to vest. As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost relatedto unvested stock option awards granted to employees but not yet recognized was$968. The cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remainingweighted-average vesting period of 3.2 years. For 2007 and 2006, the Company recorded $379 and $383, respectively, inselling, general and administrative expenses for stock options. In addition, theCompany recorded $282 and $50 in strategic alternative costs and restructuringexpenses, respectively, for stock options related to the change in controlagreements and the reduction in workforce in 2007. In addition, for 2007 the Company recorded $2,535 in strategic alternativecosts for expenses associated with a stock option modification due to thespecial dividend paid on May 3, 2007. The modification reduced the exerciseprice of all stock options outstanding as of the dividend payment date by $14.00per share, the amount of the special dividend. As of December 31, 2007, thetotal compensation cost related to unvested stock option awards that weremodified but not yet recognized was $297. The cost will be amortized on astraight-line basis over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.6years. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, the Company recorded$705, $898, and $881, respectively, in selling, general and administrativeexpenses for restricted stock. In addition, the Company recorded $1,554 and $172in strategic alternative costs and restructuring expenses, respectively, in 2007for restricted stock and the Company recorded $2,214 in compensation expense in2005 for restricted stock in accordance with the 60 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(13) STOCK BASED COMPENSATION -- (CONTINUED)former CEO's sign-on agreement. As of December 31, 2007 the total compensationcost related to unvested restricted stock granted but not yet recognized was$1,541. The cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remainingweighted-average vesting period of 1.8 years. Cambrex senior executives participate in a long-term incentive plan whichrewards achievement of long-term strategic goals with restricted stock units.Awards are made annually to key executives and vest in one-third increments onthe first, second and third anniversaries of the grant. On the third anniversaryof the grant, restrictions on sale or transfer are removed and shares are issuedto executives. In the event of termination of employment or retirement, theparticipant is entitled to the vested portion of the restricted stock units andforfeits the remaining amount; the three-year sale and transfer restrictionremains in place. For certain employees with employment contracts, all sharesvest upon certain events, including a change in control. In the event of deathor permanent disability, all shares vest and the deferred sales restrictionlapses. These awards are classified as equity awards as defined in FAS 123(R).Historically, only senior executives participated in this plan. As of January 1,2006, certain other employees are eligible to receive restricted stock as partof a redesigned stock-based compensation plan. These awards cliff vest on thethird anniversary of the grant date. At December 31, 2005, the Company had outstanding 150,000 fully-vestedcash-settled incentive SARs at a price of $19.30. These SARs were classified asliability awards and, as such, were recorded at fair value until the rights wereexercised during the fourth quarter of 2006. As of December 31, 2007, theCompany did not have any SARs outstanding. For the year ended December 31, 2006the Company recorded $269 in compensation expense. For the years ended December31, 2005 the Company recorded the SAR's at intrinsic value, which resulted in a$1,170 reversal of compensation expense in 2005. Under FAS 123(R), the Companywas required to measure the SARs at fair market value. Prior to adopting FAS123(R), the SARs were measured at the intrinsic value. The Company also recorded$228 in compensation expense as a cumulative effect of a change in accountingprinciple in accordance with FAS 123(R) in 2006. 61 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(13) STOCK BASED COMPENSATION -- (CONTINUED) The following table is a summary of the Company's stock option activityissued to employees and related information: WEIGHTED AVERAGE ---------------------- NUMBER OF EXERCISE OPTIONS SHARES PRICE EXERCISABLE ---------- -------- ----------- Outstanding at December 31, 2004............... 3,949,857 $27.07 1,787,967 ---------- Granted...................................... 653,033 20.07 Exercised.................................... (292,538) 13.32 Forfeited or expired......................... (296,705) 31.45 ----------Outstanding at December 31, 2005............... 4,013,647 26.60 4,013,647 ---------- Granted...................................... 249,367 21.39 Exercised.................................... (1,069,876) 19.91 Forfeited or expired......................... (438,245) 28.11 ----------Outstanding at December 31, 2006............... 2,754,893 28.48 2,517,941 ---------- Granted...................................... 152,675 14.99 Exercised.................................... (1,202,752) 18.21 Forfeited or expired......................... (233,059) 22.52 ----------Outstanding at December 31, 2007............... 1,471,757 20.15 ==========Exercisable at December 31, 2007............... $21.37 1,293,108 On May 3, 2007, the Company paid a special dividend of $14.00 per share. Asa result, the market price of the stock declined by approximately $14.00 pershare from the prior day's close and therefore, all outstanding options weremodified to reduce the exercise price by $14.00 per share. The aggregate intrinsic value for all stock options exercised for the yearsended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $2,866, $2,684 and $1,701,respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value for all stock options outstanding asof December 31, 2007 was $270. The aggregate intrinsic value for all stockoptions exercisable as of December 31, 2007 was $204. 62 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(13) STOCK BASED COMPENSATION -- (CONTINUED) A summary of the Company's nonvested stock options and restricted stock asof December 31, 2007 and changes during the years ended December 31, 2007 and2006, are presented below: NONVESTED STOCK OPTIONS NONVESTED RESTRICTED STOCK --------------------------- --------------------------- WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED- NUMBER OF AVERAGE GRANT- NUMBER OF AVERAGE GRANT- SHARES DATE FAIR VALUE SHARES DATE FAIR VALUE --------- --------------- --------- --------------- Nonvested at January 1, 2006............ -- $ -- 69,756 $24.30Granted................................. 249,367 $21.39 153,838 $21.52Vested during period.................... -- $ -- (30,306) $24.64Forfeited............................... (12,415) $21.39 (27,420) $22.11 -------- --------Nonvested at December 31, 2006.......... 236,952 $21.39 165,868 $22.02 -------- --------Granted................................. 152,675 $14.99 125,489 $17.09Vested during period.................... (137,145) $16.57 (123,494) $21.55Forfeited............................... (73,833) $19.79 (33,962) $20.91 -------- --------Nonvested at December 31, 2007.......... 178,649 $11.34 133,901 $18.11 ======== ========(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS Domestic Pension Plans The Company maintains two U.S. defined-benefit pension plans. Benefits forthe salaried and certain hourly employees are based on salary and years ofservice, while those for employees covered by a collective bargaining agreementare based on negotiated benefits and years of service. The Company's policy isto fund pension costs currently to the full extent required by the InternalRevenue Code. Pension plan assets consist primarily of balanced fundinvestments. The net periodic pension expense for 2007, 2006 and 2005 is based on atwelve month period and on valuations of the plans as of January 1. However, thereconciliation of funded status is determined as of the September 30 measurementdate. The funded status of these plans, incorporating fourth quartercontributions, as of September 30, 2007 and 2006 is as follows: 2007 2006 ------- ------- CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION Benefit obligation at October 1....................... $61,517 $58,451 Service cost.......................................... 1,000 2,571 Interest cost......................................... 3,597 3,448 Actuarial gain........................................ (2,203) (562) Benefits paid......................................... (2,433) (2,391) Plan amendments....................................... 2,102 -- Curtailments.......................................... (6,129) -- ------- ------- Benefit obligation at September 30.................... $57,451 $61,517 ======= ======= 63 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) 2007 2006 ------- -------- CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS Fair value of plan assets at October 1................ $42,761 $ 38,437 Actual return on plan assets.......................... 4,966 3,381 Contributions......................................... 4,691 3,334 Benefits paid......................................... (2,433) (2,391) ------- -------- Fair value of plan assets at September 30............. $49,985 $ 42,761 ------- -------- Funded status......................................... (7,466) (18,756) Fourth quarter contributions.......................... -- 902 ------- -------- Accrued benefit cost at December 31,.................. $(7,466) $(17,854) ======= ======== The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) asof December 31, 2007 and 2006 consist of the following: 2007 2006 ------ ------- Actuarial loss........................................... $3,148 $12,922Prior service cost....................................... 1,912 430 ------ ------- $5,060 $13,352 ====== ======= The components of net periodic pension cost are as follows: 2007 2006 2005 ------- ------- ------- COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC PENSION COST Service cost.................................... $ 1,000 $ 2,571 $ 2,751 Interest cost................................... 3,597 3,448 3,166 Expected return on plan assets.................. (3,733) (3,041) (2,939) Amortization of prior service cost.............. 206 46 46 Recognized actuarial loss....................... 209 448 466 Curtailments.................................... 414 -- -- ------- ------- ------- Net periodic benefit cost....................... $ 1,693 $ 3,472 $ 3,490 ======= ======= ======= The sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharmasegments in February 2007 required the Company to recognize a curtailment chargeof $337 for the pension plans in 2007 which is recorded in discontinuedoperations. In April 2007, the Board of Directors of the Company approved thesuspension of the domestic pension plans effective August 31, 2007. As a result,the Company was required to recognize a curtailment charge of $77 for thepension plan in 2007. 64 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) The estimated amounts that will be amortized from accumulated othercomprehensive income into net periodic cost in 2008 are as follows: PENSION BENEFITS -------- Actuarial loss.................................................. $ 96Prior service cost.............................................. 436 ---- Total......................................................... $532 ==== Major assumptions used in determining the benefit obligation and net costfor the Company's domestic pension plans are presented in the following table: BENEFIT OBLIGATION NET COST ------------- --------------------- 2007 2006 2007 2006 2005 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Discount rate........................... 6.25% 6.00% 6.00% 5.75% 5.75%Expected return on plan assets.......... N/A N/A 8.00% 8.00% 8.50%Rate of compensation increase........... 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% In making its assumption for the long-term rate of return on plan assets,the Company has utilized historical rates earned on securities allocatedconsistently with its investments. The discount rate was selected by projectingcash flows associated with plan obligations, which were matched to a yield curveof high quality corporate bonds. The Company then selected the single rate thatproduced the same present value as if each cash flow were discounted by thecorresponding spot rate on the yield curve. The aggregate Accumulated Benefit Obligation ("ABO") of $57,451 exceedsplan assets by $7,466 as of September 30, 2007 for all domestic plans. The Company expects to contribute approximately $5,751 in cash to its twoU.S. defined-benefit pension plans in 2008. Estimated Future Benefit Payments The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, asappropriate, are expected to be paid:PENSION BENEFITS---------------- 2008........................................................... $ 2,4952009........................................................... $ 2,6142010........................................................... $ 2,7452011........................................................... $ 2,9012012........................................................... $ 3,0752013-2017...................................................... $18,560 The investment objective for plan assets is to achieve long-term growth ofcapital with exposure to risk set at an appropriate level. The Company investsin a diversified asset mix consisting of equities (domestic and international)and taxable fixed income securities. Assets are managed to obtain the highesttotal rate of return in keeping with a moderate level of risk. 65 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) The allocation of pension plan assets is as follows: PERCENTAGE OF PLAN ASSETS TARGET ---------------ASSET CATEGORY: ALLOCATION 2007 2006--------------- ---------- ------ ------ U.S. equities.................................................... 30%-70% 42.2% 45.8%International equities........................................... 0%-20% 15.4% 11.7%U.S. fixed income................................................ 20%-60% 34.5% 35.6%Cash............................................................. N/A 7.9% 6.9% ------ ------ 100.0% 100.0% ====== ====== The Company has a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") for keyexecutives. This plan is non-qualified and unfunded. The benefit obligation for this plan as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 is asfollows: 2007 2006 ------- ------- CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION Benefit obligation at beginning of year................ $ 5,225 $ 4,300 Service cost........................................... 53 193 Interest cost.......................................... 300 254 Actuarial loss......................................... 112 544 Benefits paid.......................................... (96) (66) Curtailments........................................... (387) -- ------- ------- Benefits obligation at end of year..................... 5,207 5,225 ======= ======= Funded status.......................................... (5,207) (5,225) ======= ======= The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) asof December 31, 2007 and 2006 consist of the following: 2007 2006 ---- ---- Actuarial loss..................................................... $680 $973Prior service cost................................................. -- 16 ---- ---- $680 $989 ==== ==== The components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows: 2007 2006 2005 ---- ---- ---- COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST Service cost......................................... $ 53 $193 $224 Interest cost........................................ 300 254 243 Amortization of prior service cost................... 1 4 4 Recognized actuarial loss............................ 17 -- 4 Curtailments......................................... 15 -- -- ---- ---- ---- Net periodic benefit cost............................ $386 $451 $475 ==== ==== ==== 66 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) The sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharmasegments in February 2007 required the Company to recognize a curtailment chargeof $11 for the SERP plan in 2007 which is recorded in discontinued operations.In April 2007, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the suspension ofthe SERP plan effective August 31, 2007. As a result, the Company was requiredto recognize a curtailment charge of $4 SERP in 2007. The estimated amounts that will be amortized from accumulated othercomprehensive income into net periodic cost in 2008 is $5 related to actuarialloss. Major assumptions used in determining the benefit obligation and net costfor the Company's SERP plan are presented in the following table: BENEFIT OBLIGATION NET COST ------------- --------------------- 2007 2006 2007 2006 2005 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Discount rate........................... 6.00% 5.75% 6.00% 5.75% 5.75%Rate of compensation increase........... 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Estimated Future Benefit Payments The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:SERP BENEFITS------------- 2008............................................................ $ 3172009............................................................ $ 3422010............................................................ $ 3602011............................................................ $ 3672012............................................................ $ 3732013-2017....................................................... $1,855 International Pension Plans A foreign subsidiary of the Company maintains a pension plan for theiremployees that conforms to the common practice in their respective country.Based on local laws and customs, this plan is not funded. The funded status of this plan, as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 is asfollows: 2007 2006 -------- -------- CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION Benefit obligation at beginning of year.............. $ 15,375 $ 12,414 Service cost......................................... 462 539 Interest cost........................................ 665 539 Actuarial loss....................................... 1,237 112 Benefits paid........................................ (364) (275) Foreign exchange..................................... 1,188 2,046 -------- -------- Benefit obligation at end of year.................... $ 18,563 $ 15,375 ======== ========Funded status.......................................... $(18,563) $(15,375) ======== ======== 67 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) asof December 31, 2007 and 2006 consist of the following: 2007 2006 ------ ------ Actuarial loss............................................ $4,079 $2,852Prior service credit...................................... (67) (75) ------ ------ $4,012 $2,777 ====== ====== The components of the net periodic pension cost are as follows: 2007 2006 2005 ------ ------ ------ COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC PENSION COST Service cost...................................... $ 462 $ 539 $ 436 Interest cost..................................... 665 539 570 Amortization of unrecognized net obligation....... -- (35) (35) Amortization of prior service cost................ (7) (6) (6) Recognized actuarial loss......................... 75 73 49 ------ ------ ------ Net periodic benefit cost......................... $1,195 $1,110 $1,014 ====== ====== ====== The estimated amounts that will be amortized from accumulated othercomprehensive income into net periodic cost in 2008 are as follows: PENSION BENEFITS -------- Actuarial loss.................................................. $(129)Prior service cost.............................................. 7 ----- Total......................................................... $(122) ===== Major assumptions used in determining the benefit obligation and net costfor the Company's international pension plan are presented in the followingtable: BENEFIT OBLIGATION NET COST ------------- --------------------- 2007 2006 2007 2006 2005 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Discount rate........................... 4.25% 4.00% 4.25% 4.00% 5.00%Rate of compensation increase........... 3.00% 2.70% 3.00% 2.70% 3.00% The aggregate ABO is $17,553 for international plan. The internationalpension plan does not have any assets. The Company does not expect to contribute cash to its international pensionplan in 2008. 68 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) Estimated Future Benefit Payments The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, asappropriate, are expected to be paid: PENSION BENEFITS -------- 2008............................................................ $ 4732009............................................................ $ 5212010............................................................ $ 5792011............................................................ $ 6152012............................................................ $ 5312013-2017....................................................... $4,084 Savings Plan Cambrex makes available to all domestic employees a savings plan aspermitted under Sections 401(k) and 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.Employee contributions are matched in part by Cambrex. The cost of this planamounted to $608, $606 and $536 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Other Postretirement Benefits Cambrex provides post-retirement health and life insurance benefits("postretirement benefits") to all eligible retired employees. Employees whoretire at or after age 55 with fifteen years of service are eligible toparticipate in the postretirement benefit plans. Certain subsidiaries and allemployees hired after December 31, 2002 (excluding those covered by collectivebargaining) are not eligible for these benefits. The Company's responsibilityfor such premiums for each plan participant is based upon years of service. Suchplans are self-insured and are not funded. Effective January 1, 2006, theCambrex Retiree Medical Plan will no longer provide prescription coverage toretirees or dependents age 65 or over. The benefit obligation of the plan as of September 30, 2007 and 2006,incorporating fourth quarter payments, is as follows: 2007 2006 ------ ------ CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATIONAccumulated benefit obligation at October 1............... $1,795 $1,872Service cost.............................................. 21 60Interest cost............................................. 107 109Plan participants' contributions.......................... 31 63Actuarial gain............................................ (112) (181)Benefits paid............................................. (85) (128) ------ ------Accumulated benefit obligation at September 30............ $1,757 $1,795Fourth quarter benefits paid.............................. -- -- ------ ------Amount recognized at December 31.......................... $1,757 $1,795 ====== ====== 69 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) as ofDecember 31, 2007 and 2006 consist of the following: 2007 2006 ----- ------ Actuarial loss............................................ $ 899 $1,077Prior service credit...................................... (735) (890) ----- ------ $ 164 $ 187 ===== ====== The components of net periodic postretirement benefit cost are as follows: YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, --------------------- 2007 2006 2005 ----- ----- ----- COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTService cost......................................... $ 21 $ 60 $ 60Interest cost........................................ 107 109 154Actuarial loss recognized............................ 65 85 118Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost...... (156) (155) (152) ----- ----- -----Total periodic postretirement benefit cost........... $ 37 $ 99 $ 180 ===== ===== ===== The estimated amounts that will be amortized from accumulated othercomprehensive income into net periodic pension cost in 2008 are as follows: OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -------------- Actuarial loss............................................... $ 57Prior service credit......................................... (155) -----Total........................................................ $ (98) ===== Major assumptions used in determining the benefit obligation and net costfor the Company's postretirement benefits are presented in the following tableas weighted averages: BENEFIT OBLIGATION NET COST ------------- --------------------- 2007 2006 2007 2006 2005 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- WEIGHTED-AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS:Discount rate........................... 6.25% 6.00% 6.00% 5.75% 5.75% 70 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(14) RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -- (CONTINUED) Estimated Future Benefit Payments The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, asappropriate, are expected to be paid: OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS -------------- 2008......................................................... $ 772009......................................................... $ 822010......................................................... $ 832011......................................................... $ 882012......................................................... $ 932013-2017.................................................... $546 The assumed health care cost trend rate used to determine the accumulatedpostretirement benefit obligation is 9% in 2007 (10% in 2006) decreasing 1% peryear to an ultimate rate of 5% in 2011. A one-percentage-point increase in theassumed health care cost trend rate would increase the accumulatedpostretirement benefit obligation by $43 and would increase the sum of interestand service cost by $3. A one-percentage-point decrease would lower theaccumulated postretirement benefit obligation by $50 and would decrease the sumof interest and service cost by $4. Other The Company has a non-qualified Compensation Plan for Key Executives ("theDeferred Plan"). Under the Deferred Plan, officers and key employees may electto defer all or any portion of their pre-tax earnings or to elect to deferreceipt of the Company's stock which would otherwise have been issued upon theexercise of the Company's options. Included within other liabilities at December31, 2007 and 2006 there is $4,614 and $1,354, respectively,representing theCompany's obligation under the plan. The Company invests in certain mutual fundsCompany's obligation under the plan. The Company invests in certain mutual fundsand as such, included within other assets at December 31, 2007 and 2006 is$4,614 and $1,354, respectively, representing the fair value of these funds.Total shares held in trust as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 are 195,851 and232,430, respectively, and are included as a reduction of equity at cost. Thevalue of the shares held in trust and the corresponding liability of $1,641 atDecember 31, 2007 has been recorded in equity. The Deferred Plan is not fundedby the Company, but the Company has established a Deferred Compensation TrustFund which holds the shares issued. 71 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(15) FOREIGN OPERATIONS AND PRODUCT AND EXPORT SALES The following summarized data represents the gross sales and long livedtangible assets for the Company's domestic and foreign entities for 2007, 2006and 2005: DOMESTIC FOREIGN TOTAL -------- -------- -------- 2007Gross sales..................................... $81,429 $171,145 $252,574Long-lived assets............................... 42,103 159,106 201,2092006Gross sales..................................... $82,462 $154,197 $236,659Long-lived assets............................... 42,830 131,606 174,4362005Gross sales..................................... $78,988 $144,577 $223,565Long-lived assets............................... 44,827 105,686 150,513 Export sales, included in domestic gross sales, in 2007, 2006 and 2005amounted to $28,821, $28,825, and $24,524, respectively. Sales to geographic area consist of the following: 2007 2006 2005 -------- -------- -------- North America.................................. $ 85,644 $ 85,944 $ 81,002Europe......................................... 150,692 136,545 129,536Asia........................................... 9,125 8,041 7,493Other.......................................... 7,113 6,129 5,534 -------- -------- -------- Total........................................ $252,574 $236,659 $223,565 ======== ======== ======== This table summarizes gross sales by product groups: 2007 2006 CHANGE % CHANGE -------- -------- ------- -------- APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates... $220,386 $206,193 $14,193 6.9%Other................................... 32,188 30,466 1,722 5.7% -------- -------- ------- Total................................. $252,574 $236,659 $15,915 6.7% ======== ======== ======= Two customers each account for 10% of consolidated gross sales for theyears ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. One customer is a pharmaceuticalcompany with which a long-term sales contract is in effect, account for 11.2%,12.3% and 16.8% for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. During 2007 the Companyextended this contract to 2013 which resulted in lower profitability for salesunder this arrangement. The second customer is a distributor representingmultiple customers, accounted for 12.5%, 14.5% and 14.3% for 2007, 2006 and2005, respectively. 72 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(16) COMMITMENTS The Company has operating leases expiring on various dates through the year2014. The leases are primarily for the rental of office space, office andlaboratory equipment and vehicles. At December 31, 2007, future minimumcommitments under non-cancelable operating lease arrangements were as follows: Year ended December 31:2008............................................................ $2,1982009............................................................ 2,1072010............................................................ 2,0782011............................................................ 6892012............................................................ 6522013 and thereafter............................................. 268 ------Total commitments............................................... $7,992 ====== Total operating lease expense was $2,270, $2,363 and $2,697 for the yearsended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company is party to several unconditional purchase obligationsresulting from contracts that contain legally binding provisions with respect toquantities, pricing and timing of purchases. The Company's purchase obligationsinclude commitments to purchase raw materials, utilities and for theconstruction of a new manufacturing facility. At December 31, 2007 futurecommitments under these obligations were as follows: Year ended December 31:2008........................................................... $ 9,8662009........................................................... 4,3862010........................................................... 4,6812011........................................................... 3,9452012........................................................... 2,797 -------Total commitments.............................................. $25,675 =======(17) CONTINGENCIES The Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legalproceedings covering a wide range of matters that arise in the ordinary courseof its business activities. The Company continually assesses all known facts andcircumstances as they pertain to all legal and environmental matters andevaluates the need for reserves and disclosures as deemed necessary based onthese facts and circumstances and as such facts and circumstances develop. Thesematters, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverseeffect on the Company's financial condition, operating results and cash flows ina future reporting period. Environmental In connection with laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of theenvironment, the Company and its subsidiaries are a party to severalenvironmental proceedings and remediation investigations and cleanups and, alongwith other companies, has been named a potentially responsible party ("PRP") forcertain waste disposal sites ("Superfund sites"). Additionally, as discussed inthe "Sale of Rutherford Chemicals" section of this Note, the Company hasretained the liability for certain environmental proceedings, associated withthe Rutherford Chemicals business. 73 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED) Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it ispossible that some of these matters will be decided unfavorably against theCompany. The resolution of such matters often spans several years and frequentlyinvolves regulatory oversight or adjudication. Additionally, many remediationrequirements are not fixed and are likely to be affected by futuretechnological, site, and regulatory developments. Consequently, the ultimateextent of liabilities with respect to such matters, as well as the timing ofcash disbursements cannot be determined with certainty. In matters where the Company has been able to reasonably estimate itsliability, the Company has accrued for the estimated costs associated with thestudy and remediation of Superfund sites not owned by the Company and theCompany's current and former operating sites. These accruals were $6,905 and$4,862 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in the accrualincludes net adjustments to reserves of $2,334 and the impact of currency of$114 partially offset by payments of $405. Based upon currently availableinformation and analysis, the Company's current accrual represents management'sbest estimate of the probable and estimable costs associated with environmentalproceedings including amounts for investigation fees where remediation costs maynot be estimable at the reporting date. CasChem ISRA As a result of the sale of the Bayonne, New Jersey facility (see "Sale ofRutherford Chemicals" section of this Note), the Company became obligated toinvestigate site conditions and conduct required remediation under the NewJersey Industrial Site Recovery Act ("ISRA"). The Company completed apreliminary assessment of the site and submitted the preliminary assessment tothe New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP"). The preliminaryassessment identified potential areas of concern based on historical operationsand sampling of such areas commenced. The Company has completed a second phaseof sampling and determined that a third phase of sampling is necessary todetermine the extent of contamination and any necessary remediation. The resultsof the completed and proposed sampling, and any additional sampling deemednecessary, will be used to develop an estimate of the Company's future liabilityfor remediation costs, if any. The Company submitted its plan for the thirdphase of sampling to the NJDEP during the fourth quarter of 2005. The samplingwill commence upon approval of the sampling plan. Cosan The Company's Cosan subsidiary conducted manufacturing operations inClifton, New Jersey from 1968 until 1979. Prior to the acquisition of Cosan bythe Company, the operations were moved to another location and thereafterCambrex purchased the business. In 1997, Cosan entered into an AdministrativeConsent Order with the NJDEP. Under the Administrative Consent Order, Cosan wasrequired to complete an investigation of the extent of the contamination relatedto the Clifton site and conduct remediation as may be necessary. During thethird quarter of 2005, the Company completed the investigation related to theClifton site, which extends to adjacent properties. The results of theinvestigation caused the Company to increase its related reserves by $1,300 in2005 based on the proposed remedial action plan. The Company submitted theresults of the investigation and proposed remedial action plan to the NJDEP. Inlate 2006, the NJDEP requested that an additional investigation be conducted atthe site. The Company estimated that the additional work will cost approximately$240, and as such, increased the related reserve in the first quarter of 2007.The Company submitted its plan for additional work to the NJDEP in April 2007.In August 2007 the NJDEP approved the Company's work plan and the additionalinvestigation has commenced. As of December 31, 2007, the reserve was $1,432.The results of the additional investigation may impact the remediation plan andcosts. Additionally, the Company has reserved approximately $1,100 at December 31,2007 for the Cosan Carlstadt, N.J. site. 74 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED) Berry's Creek In March 2006, the Company received notice from the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency ("USEPA") that two former operating subsidiariesare considered PRPs at the Berry's Creek Superfund Site, Bergen County, NewJersey. The operating companies are among many other PRPs that were listed inthe notice. Pursuant to the notice, the PRPs have been asked to perform aremedial investigation and feasibility study of the Berry's Creek Site. TheCompany has met with the other PRPs. Both operating companies joined the groupof PRPs and filed a joint response to the USEPA agreeing to jointly negotiate toconduct or fund (along with other PRPs) an appropriate remedial investigationand feasibility study of the Berry's Creek Site. The PRPs have engaged technicaland allocation consultants to evaluate investigation and remedial alternativesand develop a method to allocate related costs among the PRPs. In December 2007the PRPs reached a tentative agreement on the allocation of the siteinvestigation costs and the Company has increased its reserves by $562 for itsshare. The investigation is expected to take several years and at this time itis too early to predict the extent of any additional liabilities. Nepera, Inc. -- Maybrook and Harriman Sites In 1987, Nepera, Inc. ("Nepera") was named a PRP along with certain priorowners of the Maybrook Site in Hamptonburgh, New York by the USEPA in connectionwith the disposition, under appropriate permits, of wastewater at that siteprior to Cambrex's acquisition of Nepera in 1986. The Maybrook Site is on theUSEPA's National Priorities List for remedial work. A prior owner of the Neperafacility has participated with Nepera in the performance of a remedialinvestigation and feasibility study for the Maybrook Site. In September 2007,the USEPA issued the Record of Decision ("ROD") which describes the remedialplan for the Maybrook Site. The USEPA also issued the Company and the priorowner a Notice of Potential Liability, requesting that the recipients sign aConsent Decree to complete the ROD and pay the USEPA certain past oversightcosts, which the Company and the prior owner are negotiating with the USEPA. In 1987, Nepera was also named as a responsible party along with certainprior owners of the Harriman, New York production facility by the New York StateDepartment of Environmental Conservation in connection with contamination at theHarriman Site. A prior owner of the Nepera facility has participated with Neperain the performance of the remedial investigation and feasibility study for theHarriman Site. In 1997, a final ROD was issued which describes the remediationplan for the site. Nepera and the prior owner have been implementing the RODsince 1997. Until 1997, reserves were assessed and established based on the informationavailable. In November 1997, a settlement was reached between Nepera, Inc., theformer owner mentioned above, and the original owner of the Harriman operations,pertaining to past and future costs of remediating the Maybrook and HarrimanSites ("the Sites"). Under the terms of the settlement, the original site ownerpaid approximately $13,000 to provide for past and future remediation costs atthe two sites in exchange for a release from the requirement to clean up the twosites, and the settlement funds were placed in a trust for the benefit ofremediating the two sites on behalf of Nepera and the other former site owner.Nepera and the prior owner were reimbursed their past costs from the trust.Nepera had believed that the remaining funds available in the trust would besufficient to provide for the future remediation costs for the Sites.Accordingly, the estimated range of liability for the Sites was set off againstthe settlement funds. Based on currently available information, Nepera believes that the currenttrust balance will not cover the remaining work to be completed at Harriman andunder the final Maybrook ROD issued in September 2007. As such the Company hasincreased its reserve by $1,000, which is recorded in discontinued operations,for its expected share of the shortfall based on currently availableinformation. As of December 31, 2007 the reserve recorded on the books was$1,200. The foregoing matters were retained by Nepera under the 2003 Purchase 75 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED)Agreement as well as the settlement reached in the Rutherford matter (see "Saleof Rutherford Chemicals" section of this Note). The Company is involved in other matters where the range of liability isnot reasonably estimable at this time and it is not determinable wheninformation will become available to provide a basis for adjusting or recordingan accrual, should an accrual ultimately be required. Litigation and Other Matters Mylan Laboratories In 1998 the Company and its subsidiary Profarmaco S.r.l. (currently knownas Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l.") ("Profarmaco") were named as defendants(along with Mylan Laboratories, Inc. ("Mylan") and Gyma Laboratories of America,Inc., ("Gyma") Profarmaco's distributor in the United States) in a proceedinginstituted by the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") in the United States DistrictCourt for the District of Columbia (the "District Court"). Suits were alsocommenced by several State Attorneys' General. The suits alleged violations ofthe Federal Trade Commission Act arising from exclusive license agreementsbetween Profarmaco and Mylan covering two APIs. The FTC and Attorneys' Generalsuits were settled in February 2001, with Mylan (on its own behalf and on behalfof Profarmaco and Cambrex) agreeing to pay over $140,000 and with Mylan,Profarmaco and Cambrex agreeing to monitor certain future conduct. The same parties including the Company and Profarmaco have also been namedin purported class action complaints brought by private plaintiffs in variousstate courts on behalf of purchasers of the APIs in generic form, makingallegations similar to those raised in the FTC's complaint and seeking variousforms of relief including treble damages. In April 2003, Cambrex reached an agreement with Mylan under which Cambrexwould contribute $12,415 to the settlement of litigation brought by a class ofdirect purchasers. In exchange, Cambrex and Profarmaco received from Mylan arelease and full indemnity against future costs or liabilities in relatedlitigation brought by purchasers, as well as potential future claims related tothis matter. Cambrex recorded an $11,342 charge (discounted to the present valuedue to the five year pay-out) in the first quarter of 2003 as a result of thissettlement. In accordance with the agreement $10,815 has been paid throughDecember 31, 2007, with the remaining $1,600 to be paid in 2008. In February 2008 the District Court, in an action brought by three healthcare insurers, entered judgment after trial against Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex inthe amount of $8,355, payable jointly and severally, and also a punitive damageaward against each of Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex in the amount of $16,709. Theparties will appeal the awards. Cambrex expects any payment of the judgmentagainst it to be made by Mylan under the indemnity described above. Vitamin B-3 In May 1998, the Company's subsidiary, Nepera, which formerly operated theHarriman facility and manufactured and sold niacinamide ("Vitamin B-3"),received a Federal Grand Jury subpoena for the production of documents relatingto the pricing and possible customer allocation with regard to that product. In2000, Nepera reached an agreement with the government as to its alleged role inVitamin B-3 violations from 1992 to 1995. The Canadian government claimedsimilar violations. All government suits in the U.S. and Canada have beenconcluded. 76 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED) Nepera has been named as a defendant, along with several other companies,in a number of private civil actions brought on behalf of alleged purchasers ofVitamin B-3. The actions seek injunctive relief and unspecified but substantialdamages. All cases have been settled within established reserve amounts. Settlement documents are expected to be finalized and payments are expectedto be made during the next several months. The balance of the reserves recordedwithin accrued liabilities related to this matter was $1,579 as of December 31,2007. Sale of Rutherford Chemicals The Company completed the sale of its Rutherford Chemicals business inNovember 2003. Under the agreement for the sale ("Purchase Agreement"), theCompany provided standard representations and warranties and included variouscovenants concerning the business, operations, liabilities and financialcondition of the Rutherford Chemicals business ("Rutherford Business") andprovided certain indemnities. The Company also retained certain liabilities.Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company also retained the responsibility forcertain matters including: (i) certain existing matters including violations andoff-site liabilities; (ii) completing the on-going remediation at the New Yorkfacility under a Record of Decision ("ROD"); and (iii) completing the obligationto investigate site conditions and conduct required remediation under theprovisions of the ISRA. The Company accrued for exposures which are deemedprobable and estimable related to the retained matters. In April 2006, the Company received a summons and complaint (the"Complaint") from the Buyers, which was filed in the Supreme Court of the Stateof New York, County of New York. In the Complaint, the Buyers soughtindemnification, declaratory and injunctive relief for alleged (i) breaches ofvarious representations, warranties and covenants, related to structures,buildings and equipment at each of the purchased facilities and, in addition,was responsible for a related third party claim; and (ii) was obligated toconduct certain environmental remediation at four of the five RutherfordBusiness facilities. The Company denied the allegations, filed counterclaims andhas been vigorously defending the matter. In July 2007 the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release(the "Settlement Agreement") and a related Environmental Escrow Agreement (the"Escrow Agreement") settling litigation which had been commenced by the Buyersby the filing of the Complaint in April 2006. Under the Settlement Agreement: - In the third quarter of 2007 (i) the Company paid the Buyers the sum of $636 in reimbursement for past remediation expenses at the Rutherford Business facilities; and (ii) the Buyers paid the Company 400 GBP (approximately $813) for reimbursement of certain tax refunds received from United Kingdom taxing authorities. - The Buyers also agreed to pay to an account (the "Escrow Account") created under the Escrow Agreement the sum of $3,149 plus interest subsequent to September 30, 2007, representing the amount owed on a Subordinated Promissory Note issued as consideration under the Purchase Agreement. The Buyers paid $1,000 of such amount in September 2007 and $2,193 in November 2007. - The Company also agreed to make payment to the Escrow Account within 30 days after the Buyers' Final Note Payment. The Company paid $4,421 in January 2008 which was accrued at December 31, 2007. The Escrow Account can be used only for costs arising from the remediationof environmental contamination at the Rutherford Business facilities. TheCompany has the right to object to any use of the funds in the Escrow Accountfor non-remediation purposes, pursuant to an accelerated dispute resolutionprocess involving the parties' appointment of a Special Master. 77 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED) Under the Settlement Agreement, the parties waive and extinguish all rightsunder the Purchase Agreement to seek damages or any other remedy for any otherobligation contained in the Purchase Agreement as they relate to environmentalliabilities, including damages related to pre-closing ownership or operation ofthe Rutherford Business facilities, compliance with environmental laws, and allremediation at the Rutherford Business facilities, except for certain matterswhich the Company specifically retained, namely (i) the off-site treatment,storage and disposal of hazardous materials occurring before the November 10,2003 closing of the Purchase Agreement, (ii) liability arising from the pre-closing sales of products, (iii) the completion of on-going remediation at theNepera facility under a ROD, and (iv) completion of on-going remediation at theBayonne facility under ISRA. The Buyers, however, retain its contractualobligation not to engage in any conduct that materially increases the Company'scosts of completing the remediation under the ROD at the Nepera facility and theISRA process at the Bayonne facility. The obligations specifically retained bythe Company are consistent with its remediation obligations under the PurchaseAgreement. The Company has previously accrued for exposures deemed probable andreasonable related to any specifically retained matters. Further, under the Settlement Agreement, the Buyers and the Company releaseeach other from all claims and counterclaims asserted in the litigation, withthe exception of the Company's possible claim that the Buyers' activities haveincreased the Company's remediation costs at the Nepera facility, which claimthe Company will dismiss without prejudice to its right to reassert the claim inthe future. The Buyers and the Company also waive all rights and obligationsunder the Purchase Agreement related to any claims for additional payments underthe Purchase Agreement, including the Company's claims for the return of taxrefunds, the payment of the Subordinated Note, and any payments under the earn-out provision. Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company indemnifies and holds harmlessthe Buyers for damages related to the obligations the Company specificallyretained. The Buyers indemnify and hold harmless the Company for certainliabilities, including without limitation those arising from the presence ofhazardous materials at any of the Rutherford Business facilities, except for thematters specifically retained by the Company. Related to the Settlement Agreement, the Company's 2007 results include acharge of $4,041, net of tax, recorded in discontinued operations related tothis matter. Class Action Matter In October 2003, the Company was notified of a securities class actionlawsuit filed against Cambrex and five former Company officers. Five classaction suits were filed with the New Jersey Federal District Court (the"Court"). In January 2004, the Court consolidated the cases, designated the leadplaintiff and selected counsel to represent the class. An amended complaint wasfiled in March 2004. The lawsuit has been brought as a class action in the namesof purchasers of the Company's common stock from October 21, 1998 through July25, 2003. The complaint alleges that the Company failed to disclose in a timelyfashion the January 2003 accounting restatement and subsequent SECinvestigation, as well as the loss of a significant contract at the Baltimorefacility. The Company filed a Motion to Dismiss in May 2004. Thereafter, theplaintiff filed a reply brief and in October 2005, the Court denied theCompany's Motion to Dismiss. The Company continues to believe that thecomplaints are without merit and will vigorously defend against them. As such,the Company has recorded no reserves related to this matter. The Company hasreached its deductible under its insurance policy and further costs, expensesand any settlement are expected to be paid by the Company's insurers. The Company entered into a Memorandum of Understanding regarding thesettlement of all claims in this matter. The settlement includes a payment toclass members of an amount which is well within the policy limits of, and isexpected to be paid by, the Company's insurance. As a result, it is not expectedto impact the Company's operating results. Cambrex continues to deny liabilityin the matter. The settlement is subject to final approval by the 78 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED)Court and entry of an agreed upon Final Judgment. Class members will have theopportunity to either object to the terms of the settlement or to opt out of theclass. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") Since 2003, the SEC has been conducting an investigation into the Company'sinter-company accounting procedures from the period 1997 through 2001. Theinvestigation began in the first half of 2003 after the Company voluntarilydisclosed certain matters related to inter-company accounts for the five-yearperiod ending December 31, 2001 that resulted in the restatement of theCompany's financial statements for those years. In late June 2007, this matterwas concluded with the issuance by the SEC of a Cease and Desist Order("Order"). There are no fines or penalties associated with the Order. Under theOrder, the Company agreed to undertake certain remedial actions including, for atwo year period following the effective date of the Order, having the Company'soutside auditor conduct agreed upon procedures related to intercompanytransactions and compliance with the Order, with the results of such proceduresbeing reported to the SEC. The Company has implemented the remedial measures andwill continue the reporting and records retention obligations set forth in theOrder. This matter may be considered concluded. Baltimore Litigation In 2001, the Company acquired the biopharmaceutical manufacturing businessin Baltimore (the "Baltimore Business"). The sellers of the Baltimore Businessfiled suit against the Company alleging that the Company made falserepresentations during the negotiations on which the sellers relied in decidingto sell the business and that the Company breached its obligation to payadditional consideration as provided in the purchase agreement which wascontingent on the performance of the Baltimore Business. In August 2007 the United States District Court, Southern District of NewYork, granted the Company's pending Motion for Summary Judgment in the BaltimoreLitigation. The Company's Motion had been pending since late 2006. The Sellershave filed a notice of appeal. Management continues to believe the matter to bewithout merit and continues its defense of this matter. The Company is awaitingthe Court's briefing schedule and has filed its appellate brief in early 2008. Other The Company has commitments incident to the ordinary course of businessincluding corporate guarantees of certain subsidiary obligations to theCompany's lenders related to financial assurance obligations under certainenvironmental laws for remediation, closure and third party liabilityrequirements of certain of its subsidiaries and a former operating location;contract provisions for indemnification protecting its customers and suppliersagainst third party liability for manufacture and sale of Company products thatfail to meet product warranties and contract provisions for indemnificationprotecting licensees against intellectual property infringement related tolicensed Company technology or processes. Additionally, as permitted under Delaware law, the Company indemnifies itsofficers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer ordirector is, or was, serving at the Company's request in such capacity. The termof the indemnification period is for the officer's or director's lifetime. Themaximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required tomake under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Companyhas a Director and Officer insurance policy that covers a portion of anypotential exposure. The Company currently believes the estimated fair value ofits indemnification agreements is not significant based on currently availableinformation, and as such, the Company has no liabilities recorded for theseagreements as of December 31, 2007. 79 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(17) CONTINGENCIES -- (CONTINUED) In addition to the matters identified above, Cambrex's subsidiaries areparty to a number of other proceedings that are not considered material at thistime.(18) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS In October 2006, the Company sold two businesses within the former HumanHealth segment for nominal consideration. As a result of the transaction, theCompany reported a non-cash charge of $23,244 in the fourth quarter of 2006 andall periods presented reflect the results of these businesses as discontinuedoperations. In February 2007, the Company completed the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments (excluding certain liabilities)to Lonza for cash consideration of $463,914, including working capitaladjustments. As a result of this transaction, the Company reported a gain of$235,489 in 2007 and all periods presented reflect the results of thesebusinesses as discontinued operations. In July 2007 the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement and a relatedEscrow Agreement settling litigation which had been commenced by the purchasersof the Rutherford Business by the filing of the Complaint in April 2006. As aresult of this settlement, the Company's 2007 results include a charge of$4,041, net of tax of $595, recorded in discontinued operations. In addition,during 2007 the Company recorded expense of $1,000 for an adjustment to anenvironmental reserve at a Rutherford Business site. Refer to Note 17 for acomplete discussion on these matters. The following table shows revenues and income/(loss) from the discontinuedoperations: YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------- 2007 2006 2005 -------- -------- --------- Revenues....................................... $ 20,335 $246,538 $ 228,421 ======== ======== =========Pre-tax income/(loss) of discontinued operations................................... $ 545 $ 5,945 $(102,202)Gain on sale of Bioproducts and Biopharma segments..................................... 235,489 -- --Rutherford litigation settlement............... (4,636) -- --Rutherford environmental reserve adjustment.... (1,000) (200) --Loss on sale of Cork and Landen................ -- (23,244) -- -------- -------- ---------Income/(loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes.......................... $230,398 $(17,499) $(102,202)Provision/(benefit) for income taxes........... 7,639 4,207 (1,500) -------- -------- ---------Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax....................................... $222,759 $(21,706) $(100,702) ======== ======== ========= The 2006 pre-tax income of discontinued operations includes $2,092 for anasset impairment charge, $1,791 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen and $1,475for the write-down of an investment in equity securities. The 2005 pre-tax lossfrom operations of discontinued operations includes asset impairment charges$107,177. 80 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)(18) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS -- (CONTINUED) The following table reflects the carrying amount of the assets andliabilities as of December 31, 2006 for the businesses that were sold inFebruary 2007: DECEMBER 31, 2006 ------------ Assets:Cash......................................................... $ --Accounts receivable, net..................................... 35,460Inventories, net............................................. 40,708Other current assets......................................... 3,359Property, plant and equipment, net........................... 85,162Intangibles, net............................................. 115,562Other assets................................................. 1,568 --------Total assets held for sale................................... 281,819Liabilities:Accounts payable and accrued liabilities..................... 32,005Other current liabilities.................................... 1,436Long-term debt............................................... 3,627Other liabilities............................................ 20,640 --------Total liabilities held for sale.............................. $ 57,708 --------Net assets held for sale..................................... $224,111 ======== 81 CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA -- UNAUDITED (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA) 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH QUARTER(1) QUARTER(2) QUARTER(3) QUARTER(4) ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 2007Gross sales............................. $ 64,997 $63,081 $54,742 $69,754Net revenues............................ 65,214 62,855 54,614 69,822Gross profit............................ 24,395 23,938 18,521 24,378(Loss)/income from continuing operations............................ (14,443) 2,455 (2,736) 1,213Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle........ 205,216 2,274 1,493 265Net income.............................. 205,216 2,274 1,493 265Basic earnings per share:(9) (Loss)/income from continuing operations......................... (0.51) 0.09 (0.09) 0.04 Net income............................ 7.31 0.08 0.05 0.01Diluted earnings per share:(9)Diluted earnings per share:(9) (Loss)/income from continuing operations......................... (0.51) 0.08 (0.09) 0.04 Net income............................ 7.31 0.08 0.05 0.01Average shares: Basic................................. 28,071 28,711 28,934 29,002 Diluted............................... 28,071 28,949 28,934 29,040 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH QUARTER(5) QUARTER(6) QUARTER(7) QUARTER(8) ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 2006Gross sales............................. $54,120 $63,031 $53,499 $ 66,009Net revenues............................ 53,087 62,342 53,490 66,154Gross profit............................ 19,085 22,440 20,252 22,081Loss from continuing operations......... (4,704) (348) (1,905) (1,209)(Loss)/income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle... (1,177) 976 (4,304) (25,367)Net(loss)/income........................ (1,405) 976 (4,304) (25,367)Basic earnings per share:(9) Loss from continuing operations....... (0.18) (0.01) (0.07) (0.04) Net(loss)/income...................... (0.05) 0.04 (0.16) (0.94)Diluted earnings per share:(9) Loss from continuing operations....... (0.18) (0.01) (0.07) (0.04) Net(loss)/income...................... (0.05) 0.04 (0.16) (0.94)Average shares: Basic................................. 26,661 26,741 26,752 27,108 Diluted............................... 26,661 26,741 26,752 27,108 As part of the process of evaluating strategic alternatives to enhanceshareholder value, the sale of two businesses within the former Human Healthsegment was completed in October 2006 and the sale of the businesses thatcomprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments was completed in February 2007,and accordingly, these businesses are being reported as discontinued operationsin all periods presented. 82(1) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $23,130 within operating expenses for the costs related to strategic alternatives, $1,682 within operating expenses for restructuring costs and $841 within interest expense for the write-off of unamortized debt costs. Discontinued operations include the gain on sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments of $232,116.(2) Income from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $4,564 within operating expenses for the costs related to strategic alternatives and $1,901 within operating expenses for restructuring costs. Discontinued operations include an adjustment to the gain on sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments of $3,491 (primarily for the working capital adjustment) and expense of $4,602 for the Rutherford litigation settlement.(3) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $866 within operating expenses for the costs related to strategic alternatives and $451 within operating expenses for restructuring costs. Discontinued operations include a charge of $69 to the gain on sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments businesses and expense of $400 for an adjustment to a reserve at a Rutherford Business site.(4) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $2,567 within operating expenses for the costs related to strategic alternatives and $2,039 within operating expenses for restructuring costs. Discontinued operations include a charge of $49 to the gain on sale of the businesses that comprised the Bioproducts and Biopharma segments, expense of $600 for an adjustment to a reserve at a Rutherford Business site and expense of $34 for an adjustment to the Rutherford litigation settlement.(5) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $988 within administrative expenses for external advisor costs related to divestitures and $5,272 within interest expense due to the pre-payment of a portion of the Company's long-term debt. Discontinued operations include expense of $1,445 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen.(6) Income from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $1,042 within administrative expenses for external advisor costs related to divestitures. Discontinued operations include expense of $92 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen.(7) Loss from continuing operations include pre-tax charges of $202 within administrative expenses for external advisor costs related to divestitures and tax expense of $1,696 related to prior years returns included in the provision for income taxes. Discontinued operations include a goodwill impairment charge of $2,092 and expense of $127 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen.(8) Income from continuing operations include a pre-tax charge of $726 within administrative expenses external advisor costs related to divestitures. Discontinued operations include the loss on sale of two businesses within the former Human Health Segment of $23,244, expense of $127 due to the acquisition of Cutanogen, $1,475 for the write-down of an investment in equity securities and $200 related to a reserve at a Rutherford Business site.(9) Earnings per share calculations for each of the quarters are based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding for each period, as such, the sum of the quarters may not necessarily equal the earnings per share amount for the year. 83ITEM 9 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None.ITEM 9A CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESCONCLUSION REGARDING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures as defined inRules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, asamended (the "Exchange Act") that are designed to ensure that informationrequired to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the ExchangeAct is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periodsspecified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulatedand communicated to the Company's management, including the Company's ChiefExecutive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow fortimely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating thedisclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls andprocedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide onlyreasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and managementis required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship ofpossible controls and procedures. As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), the Company carried out an evaluation,under the supervision and with the participation of management, including theCompany's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of theeffectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controlsand procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Basedon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officerconcluded that as of December 31, 2007 our disclosure controls and procedureswere effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to bedisclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the SecuritiesExchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, reported, accumulatedand communicated to management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officerand Chief Financial Officer within the time periods specified in the Securitiesand Exchange Commission's rules and forms.MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequateinternal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed toprovide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reportingand the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordancewith accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and includethose policies and procedures that: - Pertain to the maintenance of records, that in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly represent the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company, - Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the Board of Directors of the Company, and - Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financialreporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of anyevaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk thatcontrols may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that thedegree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 84 Under the supervision and with the participation of our management,including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, wecarried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control overfinancial reporting as of December 31, 2007 based on the InternalControl -- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of SponsoringOrganizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). Our management concluded thatbased on its assessment, our internal control over financial reporting waseffective as of December 31, 2007. Effectiveness of our internal control overfinancial Reporting as of December 31, 2007 has been audited by BDO Seidman,LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reportwhich appears elsewhere herein.CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING There were no changes in our internal control over financial reportingidentified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) ofExchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during our last fiscal quarterthat have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect,our internal control over financial reporting.ITEM 9B OTHER INFORMATION None. 85 PART IIIITEM 10 DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The following table lists the officers of the Company:NAME AGE OFFICE---- --- ------ James A. Mack*........... 70 Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive OfficerJames G. Farrell......... 41 Vice President and Corporate ControllerSteven M. Klosk*......... 50 Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer & President, Pharmaceutical Products and ServicesPaolo Russolo*........... 63 President, Profarmaco MilanoGregory P. Sargen*....... 42 Vice President & Chief Financial OfficerPeter E. Thauer*......... 68 Senior Vice President, Law & Environment, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary * Executive Officer The Company's executive officers are elected by the Board of Directors andserve at the Board's discretion. Mr. Mack joined Cambrex in February 1990 and was reappointed President andChief Executive Officer of Cambrex in February 2006. Mr. Mack had retired asPresident and Chief Executive Officer in August 2004. He joined the Company asPresident and Chief Operating Officer and was appointed to the position ofPresident and Chief Executive Officer in April 1995. Mr. Mack has been adirector of the Cambrex Board of Directors since joining the Company in 1990 andwas appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors in October 1999. Prior tojoining Cambrex, Mr. Mack was Vice President in charge of the worldwidePerformance Chemicals business of Olin Corporation. Mr. Mack was Executive VicePresident of Oakite Products, Inc. from 1982 to 1984. Prior to joining Oakite,he held various positions with The Sherwin-Williams Company, most recently asPresident and General Manager of the Chemicals Division from 1977 to 1981. Mr.Mack is a past Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Synthetic OrganicChemical Manufacturing Association and is a member of the Board of Trustees ofthe Michigan Tech Alumni Fund. Mr. Farrell joined Cambrex in September 2005 and has served as VicePresident and Corporate Controller since July 2007. Mr. Farrell previously heldthe position of Corporate Controller. From 1994 until 2005, he was withIngersoll-Rand Company, most recently as Director, Accounting Policy, Proceduresand External Reporting. Mr. Farrell was with Ernst & Young from 1988 to 1994,most recently as Audit Manager. Mr. Klosk joined Cambrex in October 1992 and currently serves in the roleof Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer & President, PharmaceuticalProducts and Services. Mr. Klosk joined the Company as Vice President,Administration. He was appointed Executive Vice President, Administration inOctober 1996 and was promoted to the position of Executive Vice President,Administration and Chief Operating Officer for the Cambrex Pharma andBiopharmaceutical Business Unit in October 2003. In January 2005, Mr. Kloskassumed direct responsibility for the leadership of the BiopharmaceuticalBusiness Unit as Chief Operating Officer. In August 2006, Mr. Klosk assumed theresponsibility of the Pharma business as Executive Vice President and ChiefOperating Officer -- Biopharma & Pharma and in February 2007 was appointed tohis current position. From 1988 until he joined Cambrex, Mr. Klosk was VicePresident, Administration and Corporate Secretary for The Genlyte Group, Inc.From 1985 to 1988, he was Vice President, Administration for Lightolier, Inc., asubsidiary of The Genlyte Group, Inc. Dr. Russolo is President, Profarmaco Milano and joined the Company in 1994with the acquisition of Profarmaco Nobel S.r.l. in Milan Italy, where he servedas Managing Director since 1982. Dr. Russolo joined Profarmaco Nobel S.r.l. in1971. Upon the acquisition of Profarmaco Nobel S.r.l., Dr. Russolo continuedserving in the role of Managing Director until 2000, when he was appointed toPresident, Cambrex Profarmaco Business Unit. Upon the completion of the sale ofthe Landen facility Dr. Russolo assumed his current position. 86 Mr. Sargen joined Cambrex in February 2003 and has served as Vice Presidentand Chief Financial Officer since February 2007. Mr. Sargen previously held theposition of Vice President, Finance. Previously, he was with Exp@nets, Inc. from1999 through 2002, serving in the roles of Executive Vice President,Finance/Chief Financial Officer and Vice President/Corporate Controller. From1996 to 1998, he was with Fisher Scientific International's ChemicalManufacturing Division, serving in the roles of Vice President, Finance andController. Mr. Sargen has also held various positions in finance, accountingand audit with Merck & Company, Inc., Heat and Control, Inc., and Deloitte &Touche. Mr. Thauer joined Cambrex in August 1989 and currently serves in the roleof Senior Vice President, Law and Environment, General Counsel, and CorporateSecretary. He joined the Company as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary andwas appointed Vice President, Law and Environment in December 1992. He wasappointed to his current position in January 2001. From 1987 until 1989, he wasCounsel to the business and finance group of the firm of Crummy, Del Deo, Dolan,Griffinger and Vecchione. From 1971 to 1987, Mr. Thauer held various positionswith Avon Products, Inc., including U.S. Legal Department Head and CorporateAssistant Secretary.ITEM 11 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.ITEM 12 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.ITEM 13 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTORS INDEPENDENCE.ITEM 14 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES. The remaining information called for by Part III is hereby incorporated byreference to the information set forth under the captions "PrincipalStockholders," "Common Stock Ownership by Directors and Executive Officers,""Board of Directors," "Election of Directors," "Section 16(a) BeneficialOwnership Reporting Compliance," "Code of Ethics," "Compensation CommitteeInterlocks and Insider Participation," "Compensation Committee Report onExecutive Compensation," "Executive and Other Compensation," "Executive andOther Compensation," "Audit Committee Report" and "Principal Accounting FirmFees" in the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting ofStockholders, to be held April 24, 2008, which meeting involves the election ofdirectors, which definitive proxy statement is being filed with the Securitiesand Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A. 87 PART IVITEM 15 EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) 1. The following consolidated financial statements of the Company arefiled as part of this report: PAGE NUMBER (IN THIS REPORT) ---------------- Financial Statements: Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms......... 36 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006................. 39 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005............ 40 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005.. 41 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005............ 42 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements..... 43 Selected Quarterly Financial and Supplementary Data... 82 (a) 2. (i) The following schedule to the consolidated financial statementsof the Company as filed herein and the Report of Independent Registered PublicAccounting Firms are filed as part of this report. PAGE NUMBER (IN THIS REPORT) ---------------- Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.......... 89 All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or notrequired or because the required information is included in the consolidatedfinancial statements of the Company or the notes thereto. (a) 3. The exhibits filed in this report are listed in the Exhibit Index onpages 92-95. 88 SCHEDULE II CAMBREX CORPORATION VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005 (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) COLUMN C ----------------------------- ADDITIONS COLUMN B ----------------------------- COLUMN E --------- CHARGED/ CHARGED/ -------- COLUMN A BALANCE (CREDITED) TO (CREDITED) TO COLUMN D BALANCE -------- BEGINNING COST AND OTHER ---------- END OFDESCRIPTION OF YEAR EXPENSES ACCOUNTS DEDUCTIONS YEAR----------- --------- ------------- ------------- ---------- -------- Year ended December 31, 2007:Doubtful trade receivables and returns and allowances............ $ 571 $ 55 $ 35 $101 $ 560Deferred tax valuation allowance.... 91,403 (21,241)* (5,320) -- 64,842Year ended December 31, 2006:Doubtful trade receivables and returns and allowances............ $ 508 $ 53 $ 62 $ 52 $ 571Deferred tax valuation allowance.... 82,953 11,804 (3,354) -- 91,403Year ended December 31, 2005:Doubtful trade receivables and returns and allowances............ $ 602 $ 19 $ (80) $ 33 $ 508Deferred tax valuation allowance.... 73,708 7,946 1,299 -- 82,953* Includes $(31,584) related to discontinued operations. 89 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the SecuritiesExchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed onits behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. CAMBREX CORPORATION By /s/ JAMES A. MACK ------------------------------------- James A. Mack Chairman of the Board of Directors President and Chief Executive Officer Date: February 27, 2008 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, thisreport has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of theregistrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. SIGNATURE TITLE DATE --------- ----- ---- /s/ JAMES A. MACK Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief------------------------------- Executive Officer James A. Mack/s/ GREGORY P. SARGEN Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal------------------------------- Financial Officer and Accounting Gregory P. Sargen Officer)/s/ DAVID R. BETHUNE* Director------------------------------- David R. Bethune/s/ ROSINA B. DIXON, M.D.* Director------------------------------- Rosina B. Dixon, M.D./s/ ROY W. HALEY* Director------------------------------- Roy W. Haley/s/ KATHRYN RUDIE HARRIGAN, DirectorPHD*------------------------------- Kathryn Rudie Harrigan, PhD/s/ LEON J. HENDRIX, JR.* Director February 27, 2008------------------------------- Leon J. Hendrix, Jr./s/ ILAN KAUFTHAL* Director------------------------------- Ilan Kaufthal/s/ WILLIAM KORB* Director------------------------------- William Korb/s/ JOHN R. MILLER* Director------------------------------- John R. Miller 90 SIGNATURE TITLE DATE --------- ----- ---- /s/ PETER G. TOMBROS* Director------------------------------- Peter G. Tombros*By /s/ JAMES A. MACK -------------------------- James A. Mack Attorney-in-Fact 91 EXHIBIT INDEX EXHIBIT NO. DESCRIPTION ----------- ----------- 3.1 -- Restated Certificate of Incorporation of registrant, as amended.(W). 3.2 -- By Laws of registrant, as amended.(W). 4.1 -- Form of Certificate for shares of Common Stock of registrant.(A -- Exhibit 4(a)). 10.1 -- Purchase Agreement dated July 11, 1986, as amended, between the registrant and ASAG, Inc.(A -- Exhibit 10(r)). 10.2 -- Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of June 5, 1989 between Whittaker Corporation and the registrant.(B -- Exhibit 10(a)). 10.3 -- Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of July 1, 1991 between Solvay Animal Health, Inc. and the registrant.(C). 10.4 -- Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of March 31, 1992 between Hexcel Corporation and the registrant.(E). 10.5 -- Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of September 15, 1994 between Akzo Nobel AB, Akzo Nobel NV and the registrant, for the purchase of Nobel Chemicals AB.(H). 10.6 -- Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of September 15, 1994 between Akzo Nobel AB, Akzo Nobel and the registrant, for the purchase of Profarmaco Nobel, S.r.l.(H). 10.7 -- Stock purchase agreement dated as of October 3, 1997 between BioWhittaker and the registrant.(M). 10.8 -- Asset purchase agreement dated as of August 7, 2003 between Rutherford Acquisition Corporation and Cambrex Corporation and The Sellers listed in the asset Purchase agreement.(O). 10.9 -- Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2007 between Cambrex Corporation, the subsidiary borrowers party hereto, the subsidiary guarantors party hereto, the lenders party hereto and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.(JJ). 10.10 -- Settlement Agreement and Release and Environmental Escrow Agreement dated July 30, 2007 between Rutherford Chemicals LLC, Vertellus Specialties Holdings UK Ltd. (formerly Rutherford Chemicals UK Ltd.), Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd. (formerly Seal Sands Chemicals Ltd.), and Vertellus Specialties Holdings Corp. (formerly Rutherford Chemicals Holdings Corp.), and Cambrex Corporation, Nepera, Inc., CasChem Inc., Zeeland Chemicals, Inc., Nepcam, Inc., and Cambrex Ltd.(X). 10.11 -- Peter E. Thauer Letter Agreement dated December 21, 2007.(J). 10.13 -- Retention and Enhanced Severance Program.(Y). 10.14 -- 2007 Retention Program.(AA). 10.15 -- James A. Mack Compensation Agreement, as amended.(Y)(Z). 10.16 -- 1994 Stock Option Plan.(G). 10.17 -- 1996 Performance Stock Option Plan.(L). 10.18 -- 1998 Performance Stock Option Plan.(N). 10.19 -- 2000 Employee Performance Stock Option Plan.(N). 10.20 -- Form of Employment Agreement (amended and restated) between the registrant and its executive officers named in the Revised Schedule of Parties thereto.(BB -- Exhibit 10.20) (as amended (CC) Exhibit 10.20.1). 10.21 -- Revised Schedule of Parties to Employment Agreement (Exhibit 10.20 hereto).(J). 10.22 -- Cambrex Corporation Savings Plan.(F). 10.23 -- Cambrex Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan.(I). 10.24 -- Deferred Compensation Plan of Cambrex Corporation (as amended and restated as of March 1, 2001).(BB). 10.25 -- Employment Agreement dated February 6, 2007 between the registrant 10.25 -- Employment Agreement dated February 6, 2007 between the registrant and Gregory P. Sargen.(KK). 10.26 -- Consulting Agreement dated December 15, 1994 between the registrant and Arthur I. Mendolia.(I). 10.27 -- Consulting Agreement dated December 15, 1994 between the registrant and Cyril C. Baldwin, Jr.(I).--------See legend on following page 92 EXHIBIT INDEX EXHIBIT NO. DESCRIPTION ----------- ----------- 10.28 -- Consulting Agreement dated January 26, 1995 between the registrant and James A. Mack.(I). 10.29 -- Additional Retirement Payment Agreement dated December 15, 1994 between the registrant and Arthur I. Mendolia.(I). 10.30 -- Additional Retirement Payment Agreement dated December 15, 1994 between the registrant and Cyril C. Baldwin, Jr.(I). 10.31 -- Additional Retirement Payment Agreement between the registrant and James A. Mack.(I). 10.32 -- Employment Agreement dated February 6, 2007 between the registrant and Paolo Russolo.(KK). 10.33 -- 2001 Performance Stock Option Plan.(P). 10.34 -- 2003 Performance Stock Option Plan.(P). 10.35 -- 2004 Performance Incentive Plan.(Q). 10.36 -- Directors' Common Stock Fee Payment Plan.(Q). 10.37 -- Directors' Compensation Arrangements.(S). 10.38 -- 2004 Incentive Plan.(U). 10.39 -- Separation and General Release Agreement.(V). 10.40 -- Registration Rights Agreement dated as of June 6, 1985 between the registrant and the purchasers of its Class D Convertible Preferred stock and 9% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 1997.(A -- Exhibit 10(m)). 10.41 -- Administrative Consent Order dated September 16, 1985 of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection to Cosan Chemical Corporation.(A -- Exhibit 10(q)). 10.42 -- Registration Rights Agreement dated as of June 5, 2006 between the registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company.(K). 10.43 -- Share Purchase Agreement between Cambrex AB and International Chemical Investors II S.A.(CC). 10.44 -- Consulting Agreement dated November 10, 2006 between registrant and Gary L. Mossman.(DD). 10.45 -- Mr. Thomas Bird Bonus Arrangement.(HH). 10.46 -- Stock Purchase Agreement dated October 23, 2006 between Lonza America Inc., Lonza Bioproducts AG, Lonza Sales AG, Lonza Group Limited and Cambrex Corporation and Subsidiaries(GG -- Exhibit 10.1). 10.47 -- Agreement to Lift Sales Restrictions on Certain Vested Options.(EE). 10.48 -- Agreement to Accelerate Vesting of Certain Options.(FF). 10.50 -- Manufacturing Agreement dated as of July 1, 1991 between the registrant and A.L. Laboratories, Inc.(D). 16.1 -- PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Letter.(II). 21 -- Subsidiaries of registrant.(J). 23.1 -- Consent of BDO Seidman LLP to the incorporation by reference of its report herein in Registration Statement Nos. 333-57404, 333- 22017, 33-21374, 33-37791, 33-81780, 33-81782, 333-113612, 333- 113613, 333-129473 and 333-136529 on Form S-8 of the registrant.(J). 23.2 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the incorporation by reference of its report herein in Registration Statement Nos. 333- 57404, 333-22017, 33-21374, 33-37791, 33-81780, 33-81782, 333- 113612, 333-113613, 333-129473 and 333-136529 on Form S-8 of the registrant.(J). 24 -- Powers of Attorney to sign this report.(J). 31.1 -- CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(J). 31.2 -- CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 31.2 -- CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(J). 32.1 -- CEO Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(R). 32.2 -- CFO Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(R).--------See legend on following page 93 EXHIBIT INDEX (A) Incorporated by reference to the indicated Exhibit to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-16419). (B) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Annual Report on Form 8-K dated June 5, 1989. (C) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 1, 1991. (D) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10- K for 1991. (E) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K dated April 10, 1992 and Amendment No. 1 to its Current Report. (F) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 33-81780) dated July 20, 1994. (G) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 33-81782) dated July 20, 1994. (H) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form 8-K dated October 27, 1994. (I) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10- K for 1994. (J) Filed herewith. (K) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Registration Statement on Form 8-A dated May 25, 2006. (L) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-22017) dated February 19, 1997. (M) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K dated October 8, 1997. (N) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-57404) dated March 22, 2001. (O) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K dated November 10, 2003. (P) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-113612) dated March 15, 2004. (Q) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-113613) dated March 15, 2004. (R) Furnished herewith. (S) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K dated June 6, 2005. (T) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K filed October 13, 2005. (U) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-129473) dated November 4, 2005. (V) Incorporated by reference to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8- K dated January 4, 2006. (W) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending March 31, 2007. (X) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2007. (Y) Incorporated by reference to Item 1.01 registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2006. (Z) Incorporated by reference to Item 5.02(e)(1) to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 9, 2007. 94 (AA) Incorporated by reference to Item 5.02(e) to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 22, 2006. (BB) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for year end 2005 filed on May 26, 2006. (CC) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2006. (DD) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 15, 2006. (EE) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 7, 2006. (FF) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2005. (GG) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 24, 2006. (HH) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 1, 2006. (II) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 21, 2007. (JJ) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 11, 2007. (KK) Incorporated by reference to registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for year end 2006 filed March 15, 2007. 95 Exhibit 10.11December 21, 2007Mr. Peter Thauer5 Denison DriveSaddle River, NJ 07458Dear Peter: Reference is made to the letter agreement between you and Cambrex anddated February 6, 2007 with respect to payment of a retention bonus and yourright to severance payments upon a termination of employment with Cambrex (the"Letter Agreement"). As an inducement for you to continue your employment withCambrex, rather than requiring a termination of your employment in order for youto receive the severance payments to which you are entitled under Section 6(d )of your Employment Agreement dated as of February 6, 2006, amended by anamendment dated November 1, 2006 and further amplified by the Letter Agreement(the "Employment Agreement"), Cambrex hereby agrees to pay to you the amount ofapproximately $3,055,354 in a cash lump sum on or shortly after January 2, 2008(the "Severance Amount"), less applicable withholding taxes, provided that youremain employed by Cambrex (or one of its affiliates) on such date. In additionCambrex will pay all excise taxes on such amount directly to the Government. TheSeverance Amount will be paid together with any "gross-up" payment requiredpursuant to Section 9 of the Employment Agreement in respect of any excise taxesthat may be imposed as a result of the payment of the Severance Amount. Your acceptance of any payment of the Severance Amount will be in fullsatisfaction of Cambrex' obligation to provide you with severance payments underthe Letter Agreement and the Employment Agreement, and any rights to severancepayments shall thereafter be of no further force or effect. As provided in theEmployment Agreement all your outstanding equity rights will be accelerated asof January 2, 2008. However, if your employment is terminated for any reasonprior to January 2, 2008, you shall not be paid the Severance Amount pursuant tothis agreement and instead you will receive the severance payments and benefitsas provided under the terms of the Employment Agreement and the LetterAgreement, provided that such payments may be subject to a six-month waitingperiod to the extent necessary to comply with Section 409A of the InternalRevenue Code. The foregoing amendment to your rights to severance payments underthe Employment Agreement and the Letter Agreement shall be deemed to constitutean election pursuant to Section 3.02 of IRS Notice 2006-79, so that the paymentof the Severance Amount will be in compliance with Section 409A of the InternalRevenue Code. If the foregoing is acceptable to you, please indicate such acceptanceby signing a copy of this letter and returning it to my attention prior toDecember 31, 2007.Sincerely,James A. Mack,Chairman & Chief Executive OfficerAgreed and Accepted/s/ Peter E. Thauer-------------------------Peter E. ThauerDate: 12/31/07 . . . CAMBREX CORPORATION ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K EXHIBIT 10.21 REVISED SCHEDULE OF PARTIESNAME TITLE DATE OF AGREEMENT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Luke M. Beshar Executive Vice President, Strategy 02/06/06 & Corporate DevelopmentSteven M. Klosk Executive Vice President, Chief Operating 02/06/06 OfficerPaolo Russolo President, Profarmaco Milano 02/06/07Gregory P. Sargen Vice President & Chief Financial Officer 02/06/07 98 CAMBREX CORPORATION EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF REGISTRANT Subsidiary Incorporated in: ---------- ---------------- Cambrex North Brunswick, Inc. Delaware Cambrex Charles City, Inc. Iowa Cambrex Profarmaco Milano S.r.l. Italy Cambrex Karlskoga AB Sweden 99 CAMBREX CORPORATION EXHIBIT 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the RegistrationStatements on Form S-8 (No. 333-57404, 333-22017, 33-21374, 33-37791, 33-81780,33-81782, 333-113612, 333-113613, 333-129473 and 333-136529) of CambrexCorporation of our reports dated February 27, 2008, relating to the consolidatedfinancial statements, and the effectiveness of Cambrex Corporation's internalcontrol over financial reporting, which appear in this Annual Report on Form10-K./s/ BDO Seidman, LLPWoodbridge, New JerseyFebruary 27, 2008 100 CAMBREX CORPORATION EXHIBIT 23.2 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMWe hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the RegistrationStatements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-57404, 333-22017, 33-21374, 33-37791,33-81780, 33-81782, 333-113612, 333-113613, 333-129473 and 333-136529) ofCambrex Corporation of our report dated March 15, 2007, except for the effectsof the discontinued operations with respect to 2006 and 2005 described in Note18, as to which the date is February 27, 2008 relating to the financialstatements as of December 31, 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and2005 and financial statement schedule for the years ended December 31, 2006 and2005, which appear in this Form 10-K./s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPFlorham Park, New JerseyFebruary 27, 2008 102 EXHIBIT 24 POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each officer and director ofCambrex Corporation, a Delaware corporation, whose signature appears belowconstitutes and appoints James A. Mack and Gregory P. Sargen, and each of them,his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power ofsubstitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, inany and all capacities, to sign any and all Annual Reports on Form 10-K whichsaid Cambrex Corporation may be required to file pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any and all amendments thereto and tofile the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connectiontherewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto saidattorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each andevery act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about thepremises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do inperson, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact andagents or their substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtuehereof. IN WITNESS WHEREOF each of the undersigned has executed this instrumentas of the 27th day of February 2008. /s/ James A. Mack /s/ Gregory P. Sargen------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------James A. Mack Gregory P. SargenChairman of the Board of Directors, Vice President and Chief FinancialPresident and Chief Executive Officer Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)/s/ David R. Bethune /s/ Ilan Kaufthal ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------David R. Bethune Ilan KaufthalDirector Director/s/ Rosina B. Dixon /s/ William Korb ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------Rosina B. Dixon, M.D. William KorbDirector Director/s/ Roy W. Haley /s/ John R. Miller------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------Roy W. Haley John R. MillerDirector Director/s/ Kathryn Rudie Harrigan /s/ Peter G. Tombros ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------Kathryn Rudie Harrigan, PhD Peter G. TombrosDirector Director/s/ Leon J. Hendrix, Jr.---------------------------------------------Leon J. Hendrix, Jr.Director 101 EXHIBIT 31.1 CAMBREX CORPORATION CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)I, James A. Mack, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cambrex Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a -- 15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which this annual report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.Date: February 27, 2008 /s/ James A. Mack ------------------------------------- James A. Mack Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer 103 EXHIBIT 31.2 CAMBREX CORPORATION CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)I, Gregory P. Sargen, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cambrex Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a - 15(f) and 15d-15(f))for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.Date: February 27, 2008 /s/ Gregory P. Sargen ------------------------------------------ Gregory P. Sargen Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 104 EXHIBIT 32.1 CAMBREX CORPORATION CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350) In connection with the Annual Report of Cambrex Corporation (the"Company") on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2007, as filed withthe Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I,James A. Mack, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify,pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section1350), that:1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.Dated: February 27, 2008 /s/ James A. Mack ------------------------------------- James A. Mack Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer 105 EXHIBIT 32.2 CAMBREX CORPORATION CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 (18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350) In connection with the Annual Report of Cambrex Corporation (the"Company") on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2007, as filed withthe Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I,Gregory P. Sargen, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company,certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C.Section 1350), that:1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.Dated: February 27, 2008 /s/ Gregory P. Sargen ------------------------------------------ Gregory P. Sargen Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 106

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