CoverANG 2/21/04 10:09 AM Page 1 2 0 0 3 A n n u a l R e p o r t 935 de La Gauchetière Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 www.cn.ca 2003 Annual Report I am a railroader. CoverANG 4/3/04 17:30 Page 2 Contents 5 Introduction 6 A message from E. Hunter Harrison 8 Financial summary 10 Network expansion: Taking the service plan farther 12 Grain: A comeback in the making 14 IMX: Breakthrough potential for intermodal 16 Merchandise: Gaining share, one carload at a time 18 eBusiness: Making it easier with Velocity 20 People and efficiency: Innovative agreements with labor 22 CN at a glance 24 A message from the Chairman 25 Doing the right thing: A socially responsible CN 28 Glossary of terms 29 Financial Section (U.S. GAAP) 73 Financial Section (Canadian GAAP) 118 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 127 President’s Awards for Excellence 128 Board of Directors 130 Chairman of the Board and Executive Officers of the Company 131 Shareholder and investor information Except where otherwise indicated, all financial infor- mation reflected in this docu- ment is expressed in Canadian dollars and determined on the basis of United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). Shareholder and investor information Annual meeting The annual meeting of shareholders will be held at 1:00 pm (local time) on Thursday, April 22, 2004, at the Westin Edmonton, Edmonton, AB. Annual information form The annual information form may be obtained by writing to: The Corporate Secretary Canadian National Railway Company 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 Stock exchanges CN common shares are listed on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges. Ticker symbols: CNR (Toronto Stock Exchange) CNI (New York Stock Exchange) Investor relations Robert Noorigian Vice-President, Investor Relations Telephone: (514) 399-0052 or 1-800-319-9929 Transfer agent and registrar Computershare Trust Company of Canada Offices in: Montreal, QC; Toronto, ON; Calgary, AB; Vancouver, BC Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Fax: 1-866-249-7775 Web: www.computershare.com Co-transfer agent and co-registrar Computershare Trust Company of New York 88 Pine Street, 19th Floor Wall Street Plaza, New York, NY 10005 Telephone: (212) 701-7600 or 1-800-245-7630 U.S. cash dividends Shareholders wishing to receive dividends in U.S. dollars may obtain detailed information by communicating with: Computershare Trust Company of Canada Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Shareholder services Shareholders having inquiries concerning their shares or wishing to obtain information about CN should contact: Computershare Trust Company of Canada Shareholder Services 100 University Avenue, 9th Floor Toronto, Ontario M5J 2Y1 Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Fax: 1-866-249-7775 Email: service@computershare.com Head office Canadian National Railway Company 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 P.O. Box 8100 Montreal, Quebec H3C 3N4 Additional copies of this report are available from: CN Public Affairs 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 Telephone: 1-888-888-5909 Fax: (204) 987-9310 Email: cn@wpg.faneuil.com La version française du présent rapport est disponible à l’adresse suivante : Affaires publiques CN 935, rue de La Gauchetière Ouest Montréal (Québec) H3B 2M9 Téléphone : 1 888 888-5909 Télécopieur : (204) 987-9310 Courriel : cn@wpg.faneuil.com This report has been printed on recycled paper. We wish to thank all the CN employees who appear in this Annual Report: Lianne Bona, Information Technology, Montreal Thierry Lysiak, Marketing, Montreal Bill Neculeac, Transcona Car Shop, Winnipeg Rhonda Leavey, Customer Support Centre, Winnipeg Daniel Bovino, Transportation, Harvey Earnest Dotson, Woodcrest Shop, Chicago Emery Casavant, Transportation, Edmonton Fred Grimwood, Transcona Wheel Shop, Winnipeg Chantale Parent, Intermodal, Montreal Matthew Kerr, Information Technology, Montreal Tim Swinford, Transportation, Chicago Ed Regel, Operations, Memphis Jason Brewer, CN Police, Toronto ANG_IFC-05_R4 20/02/04 11:47 PM Page 1 I am a railroader. Canadian National Railway Company 1 ANG_IFC-05_R4 2/21/04 1:38 Page 2 I am a railroader. 2 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_IFC-05_R4 2/21/04 1:40 Page 3 I am a railroader. Canadian National Railway Company 3 ANG_IFC-05_R4 26/2/04 3:32 Page 4 4 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_IFC-05_R4 2/21/04 10:08 AM Page 5 We’re railroaders, plain and simple. Every one of us at CN, from the yard to the office, is a rail- roader because each of us has the power to help CN improve as a railroad. It’s that simple. But railroading isn’t simple. It’s an extraordinarily complex activity, filled with a great number of variables. Our proven scheduled railroad business model is designed to manage those variables with a high degree of precision, accountability and execution. We work hard. We’re good at what we do. And we continue to improve our skills, always looking for new ways to leverage the model. Becoming better railroaders, plain and simple, every day. That’s the key to delivering value, to CN customers and investors alike. Canadian National Railway Company 5 ANG_006-009_R5 2/26/04 7:42 AM Page 6 CN has maintained the industry’s best service record, best profit margin, strongest balance sheet and best free cash flow performance in 2003. Proud? Definitely. Complacent? Never. 6 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_06-09_R5 20/02/04 18:44 Page 7 A message from E. Hunter Harrison Dear shareholders: I am a railroader. You all know that. It’s what I’ve Comments on the year We got a lot done in 2003. We worked hard to done my whole working life. It’s a passion for me. That’s why I am so proud continue to refine and leverage the scheduled railroad model – striving of our people. Because when I walk the halls and yards of this organization, to align every aspect of our business with the discipline and precision of I see people working extremely hard to become better railroaders. In fact, the service plan. We improved our grain operations to accommodate the I believe no one in this entire industry works harder than CN people. It’s expected return of a near-normal Canadian crop in 2003-2004. We trans- their dedication, belief in the service plan and commitment to executing it formed our intermodal business, applying the principles of scheduled rail- that have gotten us to where we are today. roading to our most complex traffic segment. We continued to gain share We faced some major obstacles during the year, including some of from trucks in merchandise. We took action to expand our network with the worst winter weather in recent memory in Canada and the lingering proposed acquisition transactions – Great Lakes Transportation (GLT) in the effects of the 2002 drought on the Canadian prairies. A huge power out- United States and BC Rail in Canada – that will strengthen our business age struck the eastern half of the continent in August. The U.S./Canadian and extend our reach. We made it easier for customers to take full advan- currency exchange rate had a negative impact on reported revenues. tage of the benefits of scheduled service with Velocity, CN’s eBusiness Major forest fires devastated parts of British Columbia. Meanwhile, a less- offering. And we continued to work closely with our train and engine than-robust economy continued through most of the year, particularly employees’ unions to improve our ability to serve customers. in Canada. We invested during the year to increase network capacity – refurbish- In the face of these challenges, CN volumes, measured in revenue ing and replacing cars, adding new locomotives and improving our track, ton miles, were up 2 per cent for the year. Overall, revenues were highlighted by extended sidings on our western lines – while maintaining $5,884 million, down year over year by 4 per cent, reflecting the impact our intense focus on continuously improving asset utilization. We also of a strong Canadian dollar on the translation of our U.S. dollar revenues. continued to work with other railroads to improve the performance of the Excluding the conversion impact of the stronger Canadian dollar – overall North American rail network. It’s in all our interests to deliver bet- approximately $380 million – revenues would have been up 3 per cent, ter rail service, and in 2003 we made real progress. Among other initia- in spite of a 13 per cent decline in coal revenues. We were able to tives, CN developed and implemented a new routing protocol with CSX minimize the effect of lower revenues on our profit margin by tightly Transportation that moves traffic through predetermined gateways to managing costs, achieving an operating ratio of 69.8 per cent. And we ensure the most efficient route for the customer. again generated record free cash flow in 2003: $578 million, compared Execution is what it’s all about. I know what it takes to run a sched- with $513 million in 2002.* uled railroad. I can develop a good plan. But to make it work, everybody We delivered solid value to our shareholders during the year. In 2003, has to understand it. Everybody has to believe in it. And everybody has CN stock appreciated considerably – in fact, CN was the best-performing to be totally committed to it. rail stock and outperformed all the major North American indices. In The people of CN are highly focused on the fundamentals of railroad- addition, in January 2004, CN announced its eighth consecutive dividend ing, the five core elements I always talk about: providing good service, increase since it became a publicly traded company. managing costs, maintaining a strong emphasis on asset utilization, *See page 39 of this report for a reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure. Canadian National Railway Company 7 ANG_06-09_R5 20/02/04 18:45 Page 8 Financial summary $ in millions, except per share data, or unless otherwise indicated 2003 (1) 2002 (1) 2001 (1) Financial results Revenues Operating income Net income Diluted earnings per share Dividend per share Net capital expenditures Financial position Total assets Long-term debt, including current portion and convertible preferred securities Shareholders’ equity Financial ratios (%) Operating ratio Debt to total capitalization $÷5,884 $÷6,110 $÷5,652 1,777 1,014 5.23 1.00 1,043 1,469 800 3.97 0.86 938 1,682 1,040 5.23 0.78 941 20,337 4,658 8,432 21,738 21,223 5,577 8,369 6,293 7,488 69.8 35.6 76.0 40.0 70.2 45.7 (1) 2001 includes Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation from October 9, 2001. In addition, the Company’s financial results for 2003, 2002 and 2001 include items impacting their comparability as discussed in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis on pages 31 and 36. Employees (average for the year) 2001 (1) 2002 2003 Adjusted diluted earnings per share (dollars) (2) 2001 (1) 2002 2003 Adjusted operating ratio (percentage) (2) 2001 (1) 2002 2003 (1) The 2001 figures include Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation from October 9, 2001. (2) See discussion and reconciliation of these non-GAAP adjusted performance measures in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis on pages 31, 32 and 36. 8 Canadian National Railway Company 22,668 23,190 22,012 4.92 5.22 5.40 68.5 69.4 69.8 ANG_006-009_R5 5/3/04 16:21 Page 9 accomplishing the first three without getting anyone hurt and developing And we will continue to work in partnership with government to operate people – because without quality people, you can’t accomplish the first four. effectively in the new higher-security environment, which is critical given The need for flawless execution extends to every task we perform, the importance of smooth cross-border freight movements to CN’s business. even the smallest ones. I expect you’ve all heard about the “War on At CN, we see the dividends of change across the entire business. Bureaucracy” at CN. Many think it’s some program to reduce costs, but And we’ll continue to make change happen. Our latest effort is in inter- that’s not the point. It’s about the culture change needed to optimize modal, with an initiative called Intermodal Excellence (IMX), which applies scheduled railroading. It’s about developing a mindset where we all con- successful scheduled railroading practices to the transport of containers stantly challenge conventional wisdom and the way things have always and truck trailers by rail. We’re doing what no one has ever done before in been done. intermodal transportation, and it’s starting to work. As part of IMX, we’re I want our people to realize that everything is important. To ask them- concentrating on building our service capability. We’re putting together selves: Why do we do it that way? Does it add value? Am I adding value? a dedicated service force for IMX that will apply our focus on execution People ask me all the time, Hunter, why sweat the small stuff? Why should and excellence to the customer service function – it’s potentially another we care about a single package being overnight expressed when it could rail industry game-changer that has tremendous implications for our be mailed, for instance? I’ll tell you why: When people start caring about entire organization. things at that level of detail, before you know it, you’ve saved $3 million We’re railroaders, and everyone at CN has the power to make this worth of $25 transactions that weren’t necessary. But it’s the mindset, not railroad better. With CN people working from Prince Rupert to New just the money. My point is simply that, at every level of the company, in Orleans, from Vancouver to Duluth, from Quebec City to Memphis, from every type of activity, if it’s worth doing, it’s worth doing efficiently. Chicago to Halifax, it’s important to remember this: Customer needs have On the labor front, I’m extremely pleased with the innovative agree- no borders. Customers don’t need the best Canadians handling their ship- ments we’ve been able to achieve with many of our unions, including the ment; they don’t need the best Americans. They need the best railroaders. United Transportation Union (UTU) on the former Illinois Central, Wisconsin That’s my focus. At CN, that’s everybody’s focus. Central and Duluth, Winnipeg & Pacific, as well as the Brotherhood of It’s been a great ride so far, and you watch. It’s going to get better. Locomotive Engineers (BLE) on the former Grand Trunk Western and in CN’s Northern Quebec territory. Yours sincerely, These groups agreed to abandon antiquated work rules in return for better money, improved job security and more predictable hours. Make no mistake – they work hard. But those who voted for change felt the rewards would be worth it. I am truly grateful for their willingness to look (signed) to the future. Everybody – our employees, our customers, our shareholders E. Hunter Harrison – will benefit from this groundbreaking step. We are currently discussing President and Chief Executive Officer the concept with representatives of unions on other parts of our operations. What’s ahead This story hasn’t changed. And it’s not going to. We’re going to keep doing what we’ve been doing for the past five or six years – working at getting better and better at precision railroading and convert- ing that to growth. Upon approval of the GLT and BC Rail transactions by regulatory authorities, we’ll follow the same careful, step-by-step approach that, as we have proven in past acquisitions, results in flawless integration. Canadian National Railway Company 9 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 10 Network expansion: Taking the service plan farther As we refine and leverage the CN service plan throughout our business, we’re always alert to opportunities to expand our network and apply the benefits of scheduled railroading for customers across a broader footprint. CN capitalized on two such opportunities in 2003: Great Lakes Transportation (GLT) in the United States, and BC Rail in western Canada. If approved by the U.S. regulatory authorities, the acquisition of GLT’s railroads and related holdings will strengthen our position in the steel industry, in addition to driving new efficiencies in our network by giving us ownership of an essential link in our important Chicago-western Canada corridor. In the other proposed transaction, CN entered into an agreement to acquire BC Rail’s shares and the right to oper- ate over its roadbed through a long-term lease. If Canadian regulators approve it, the BC Rail partnership will extend CN’s business reach and open up significant growth opportu- nities in our forest products business. 10 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 11 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 12 Grain: A comeback in the making In 2003, western Canada’s grain farmers harvested a near- normal-sized crop of approximately 44 million tonnes for the six major Canadian grains. This was a welcome develop- ment following the two previous years of drought-reduced grain harvests that culminated in a 2002 western Canadian grain crop of only 27 million tonnes – the smallest harvest there in decades. CN worked with customers in preparing to handle the larger volumes that began moving in the fall of 2003. Based on the larger crop and on customers’ sales estimates, we assembled the resources necessary to move the predicted volumes. CN’s industry-leading pipeline management enabled us to serve our grain customers more efficiently by, among other things, using our merchandise trains to move their products. We continue to stay in constant touch with our customers, making sure our product offering is aligned with their changing needs in this competitive, dynamic marketplace. 12 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 13 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 14 IMX: Breakthrough potential for intermodal Intermodal is by far CN’s most complex business, with a high degree of randomness, uneven flow of traffic and numerous points in the chain for delays to occur. CN launched Intermodal Excellence, called IMX, in 2003 to smooth traffic flows, increase speed and reliability, and improve asset utilization and margins. At the heart of IMX is the application of scheduled railroading’s discipline and precision to intermodal transportation. IMX requires shippers to make reservations to get on trains, while pricing encour- ages the shift of traffic to off-peak days. This, along with required gate reservations at CN’s largest terminals, enables us to align traffic with equipment and gate capacity and improve speed and asset utilization. Even though implemen- tation throughout the entire CN system wasn’t completed until year-end, we’re already seeing improvements in profit margins. Customers also are beginning to see the benefits: better speed and reliability of service. 14 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 15 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 16 Merchandise: Gaining share, one carload at a time Merchandise traffic – forest products, petroleum and chemi- cals, metals and minerals, and automotive – is the heart of our franchise. The strength of CN’s merchandise business distinguishes us from other Class I railroads. No other major rail carrier has as high a percentage of its business in mer- chandise, and with our scheduled railroad concept, no one does it better than CN. Our greatest potential for profitable growth lies in our merchandise business; the key to realizing that potential is taking share from trucks. Improvements in our speed and reliability over the past several years removed the first barrier to market share gain. Investment in new, high-quality equipment and our improved eBusiness capabil- ity, Velocity, is removing still others. CN’s well-trained and highly focused sales force is converting these improvements into growth and market share gains, one carload at a time. 16 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 17 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 18 eBusiness: Making it easier with Velocity Velocity, powered by CN. That’s the name of our industry- leading eBusiness service offering. Velocity instantly delivers critical business information to help customers make faster and better decisions across the entire order cycle. CN’s full suite of eBusiness tools delivers major benefits. Car Order enables customers to optimize car supply, and Shipping Instructions allows them to send their bills of lading and release their railcars in one easy step. My Shipments provides access to diagnostic tools for tracking the progress of shipments on CN and connecting railroads, and eBill provides our customers with secure online access to their complete CN account. CN also offers industry-specific solu- tions such as Intermodal Direct, developed and enhanced based on our in-depth knowledge of our customers’ processes. These advanced tools – combined with CN’s expertise in transportation and customs requirements, and our more than 20 years of experience working electronically with our customers – make it easy to see why customers increasingly trust Velocity. 18 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 19 ANG_010-021_R5 5/3/04 16:42 Page 20 People and efficiency: Innovative agreements with labor Since 2003, several CN labor unions representing running trades employees – locomotive engineers, conductors and brakemen – entered into hourly rated agreements that improve the quality of life for employees while helping CN continue to improve upon its performance as an efficient, productive and customer-focused railroad. Members of the United Transportation Union (UTU) on the former Illinois Central, Wisconsin Central and Duluth, Winnipeg & Pacific and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (BLE) on the former Grand Trunk Western and in CN’s Northern Quebec territory are now covered by such hourly wage agreements. Although details of each agreement vary, all voted to move to an hourly wage, giving CN the flexibility to run trains based on the needs of the customer in return for a pre- dictable work schedule designed to provide enhanced job security and higher pay. With these new agreements, we have an unprecedented opportunity to align the way our train operators work with the principles of the service plan and the interests of our customers. 20 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 21 ANG_022-023_R6 5/3/04 17:43 Page 22 CN at a glance Statistical summary 2001 (1) 17,986 3,821 293,857 153,095 22,668 351 1.35 Freight revenue per RTM (cents) 3.42 3.80 3.72 1.80 2.64 3.53 16.28 Route miles (includes Canada and the U.S.) Carloads (thousands) Gross ton miles (millions) (2) Revenue ton miles (millions) Rail employees (average for the year) Diesel fuel consumed (U.S. gallons in millions) (2) Average fuel price per U.S. gallon (dollars) 2003 17,544 4,192 313,593 163,717 22,012 374 ÷«1.21 2002 17,821 4,164 309,102 159,876 23,190 369 ÷1.20 (1) Includes Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation from October 9, 2001. (2) 2002 restated to reflect changes to estimated statistical data previously reported. 2003 data Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Freight revenues 2003 percentage data 9% 19% 19% 16% 23% 5% 9% 19% Petroleum and chemicals ÷9% Metals and minerals 23% Forest products ÷5% Coal 16% Grain and fertilizers 19% Intermodal ÷9% Automotive Freight revenues (millions) Revenue ton miles (RTM) (millions) $1,058 527 1,284 261 938 1,101 525 30,901 13,876 34,516 14,475 35,556 31,168 3,225 Revenue – traffic mix Per cent 22% 25% 34% 19% 25% Canadian domestic 19% Overseas 34% Transborder 22% U.S. domestic Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Petroleum and chemicals comprise a wide range of commodities including petroleum, liquefied petroleum gas, plastics and olefins, sulfur and chemical products. Most of CN’s petroleum and chemicals shipments originate in Alberta, eastern Canada and the Gulf of Mexico, and are des- tined for customers in Canada, the United States and overseas. CN’s metals and minerals business consists primarily of nonferrous base metals, steel, construction materials and machinery. Exclusive access to major mines and smelters throughout North America makes CN a leader in the transportation of copper, lead, zinc concentrates, refined metals and aluminum. CN is the largest carrier of forest products in North America. This busi- ness unit includes various types of lumber, panels, wood chips, wood- pulp, printing paper, linerboard and newsprint. In Canada, CN enjoys superior access to the major fiber- producing regions. In the United States, CN is strategically located to serve both the northern and southern U.S. corridors with interline capabili- ties to other Class 1 railroads. CN derives revenue from seven business units – a balanced mix of goods moving over a network of approximately 17,500 route miles of track spanning North America. CN is the only rail network on the continent to con- nect three coasts – the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. We believe the balance of our business mix positions us well to face economic fluctuations and enhances our potential to grow revenue. 22 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_022-023_R6 5/3/04 17:44 Page 23 CN – North America’s railroad CN CN-CSXI CN-BNSF CN-NS KCS TM TFM CN-UP CN-CP Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive CN moves both Canadian and U.S. thermal coal. Canadian thermal coal is delivered to power utilities primar- ily in eastern Canada. U.S. thermal coal is transported from mines in southern Illinois or from western U.S. mines via interchange with other railroads to utilities in the Midwest and southeastern United States. CN’s grain and fertilizer business transports commodities grown in western Canada and the U.S. Midwest. The majority of grain and grain products carried by CN is for export. In the United States, CN handles grain grown in Illinois and Iowa for export, as well as for domestic processing facilities and feed markets. CN also serves producers of potash, urea and other fertilizers. CN leads the industry with its innova- tive IMX intermodal service offering. At CN, intermodal business consists of two segments. The first segment, domestic, is responsible for consumer products and manufactured goods, operating through both retail and wholesale channels. The second, the international segment, handles import and export container traffic, serving the ports of Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax and New Orleans. CN is a leading carrier of automotive products originating in southwestern Ontario, Michigan and Mississippi. This business unit moves both fin- ished vehicles and parts within the United States, Canada and Mexico. CN also serves shippers of import vehicles via the ports of Halifax and Vancouver, and through interchange with other railroads. Canadian National Railway Company 23 ANG_024-028_R4 5/3/04 16:22 Page 24 A message from the Chairman Dear fellow shareholders: Despite significant challenges, 2003 was in approved by regulatory authorities, strengthen CN’s franchise across many ways a gratifying year for CN and its shareholders. Against a back- North America. The financial management of the company, led by Claude drop of harsh winter weather, forest fires, the lingering effects of drought, Mongeau, has proven again its ability to target and negotiate strategically power blackouts, high fuel costs, economic weakness – particularly in beneficial acquisitions. Our market has grown this year under the leader- Canada – and a strong Canadian currency, the company maintained and ship of Jim Foote and his team, who have shown strong leadership in built upon its leadership position in the railroad industry. maintaining revenues in a tough economic environment. The Board was encouraged to see what the company accomplished in Our two executive vice-presidents, Claude Mongeau and Jim Foote, are 2003 in the face of such a challenging environment. Hunter Harrison and illustrations of the outstanding leadership at CN. We are proud of them – his team have done a first-class job during Hunter’s first year as President they are the best in the business – and we will never take that for granted. and Chief Executive Officer of CN. We also were pleased that his transition Our Board was sad to lose one of our longest-serving directors, at the beginning of the year to the new position was flawless, certainly Cedric Ritchie, who retired at our annual meeting. His contribution to the a testimony to the strength of our company and the soundness of our company is legendary. In 2003, we welcomed two new Board members, succession plan. Charles Baillie from Toronto and Hugh Bolton from Edmonton. Their It was a good year for CN governance as well. Last year I mentioned considerable talent and experience will further strengthen our Board. a number of awards our company received in recognition of excellence The strength of CN’s balance sheet, the soundness of our strategic direc- in corporate governance. I said that we would always strive to uphold tion and our operating model reinforce our conviction that the future is bright the high standards represented by these awards. Then, in 2003, we were for our company and our investors. We have full confidence in the CN man- further gratified to see CN’s ranking in the Globe and Mail Report on agement team and look forward to continued new achievements under the Business Annual Review of Corporate Governance in Canada rise to 21st leadership of one of the best railroaders in the world, Hunter Harrison. out of 207 public companies in four categories: board composition, share- As always, we are grateful to our shareholders for their continued holding and compensation, shareholder rights and disclosure. support, and to our employees for their dedication and skills, without We have always taken pride in being a leader in good governance. which this journey would not be possible. To my colleagues on the CN True to the CN spirit of continuous improvement, we sought throughout Board, I am grateful for your leadership, commitment and dedication to 2003 to make CN’s board-level decision-making transparent and accessible making CN a world-class public corporation. to all shareholders and other interested parties. In 2004, we continue to build on such principles by making available our corporate governance Sincerely, manual and the charters of our Board and the most important Board committees, as well as other information, in a new governance section on the CN Web site (www.cn.ca/cngovernance). (signed) The proposed acquisitions of Great Lakes Transportation’s railroads David McLean, O.B.C., LL.D. and related holdings and of BC Rail that we announced in 2003 will, if Chairman of the Board 24 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_024-028_R4 2/21/04 10:14 AM Page 25 Doing the right thing: A socially responsible CN In the daily pursuit of excel- lence in operational and business performance, we believe it is also important to contribute to the betterment of the communities where we operate. CN employee volunteers in Memphis, Tennessee, and Jackson, Mississippi, helped build a new home in their communities for Habitat for Humanity® International. Canadian National Railway Company 25 ANG_024-028_R4 3/2/04 5:03 PM Page 26 An ethical, socially conscientious business is a strong business As a Safety: Central to doing the right thing Safety is more than just a goal major operator of one of North America’s critical transportation networks, at CN. It’s a core cultural value, supported by our Integrated Safety Plan, CN is committed to being a good corporate citizen. At CN, sound corporate a proactive, comprehensive program designed to minimize risks, keep all citizenship touches nearly every aspect of what we do, from governance to employees safe and ensure the secure delivery of our customers’ products business ethics, from safety practices to environmental protection. Central without injury or accident. To incorporate safety into all daily operations, to this comprehensive approach is our strong belief that good corporate the plan puts into action coordinated initiatives focused on three key citizenship is simply good business. areas: people, processes and equipment/technology. The people component represents a commitment to training, involve- An ongoing commitment to good governance practices CN has ment, communications and coaching to impart safety knowledge and always recognized the importance of good governance. As it evolved from reinforce a culture of safety. CN invests more than $10 million annually in a Canadian institution to a North American publicly traded company, CN safety training for all employee groups. voluntarily followed certain requirements that, as a company based in The process component encompasses best safety practices, trend Canada, it was not technically compelled to follow. We continue to do so analyses, safe work procedures and contractor processes with the goal of today. Since many of our peers – and investors – are based in the United systematizing safety into railroad activities. CN identifies the top causes States, we want to provide the same assurances of sound practices as of accidents and injuries on a system, regional and zone level, then imple- our U.S. competitors. ments targeted initiatives to address systemic and local issues. Consistent with the belief that ethical conduct goes beyond compli- Equipment and technology initiatives focus on strategic investments ance and resides in a solid governance culture, we have now launched a in inspection and monitoring systems to proactively identify potential haz- governance section on the CN Web site. Located at www.cn.ca/cngovernance, ards in infrastructure and equipment. We are committed to being a leader the section contains CN’s corporate governance manual, the charters of in this important area – CN has the most advanced wayside inspection our Board and of our most important Board committees, CN’s Code of system in North America, and we are the only railroad with operational Business Conduct, accounting and auditing complaints procedures wheel specification detectors, technology that enables early detection of and other important information. Printed versions of these documents wheels that are out of gauge. are also available upon request to CN’s Corporate Secretary. One of the main drivers of safety improvements at CN is our Best Safety Practices initiative. A key part of the Integrated Safety Plan, this ini- A Code of Business Conduct to set clear and consistent standards tiative identifies the most effective safety practices developed in our three CN adopted a formal Code of Business Conduct for employees in 2003, regions and implements them systemwide. establishing a set of clear objectives that include helping CN people promote Customers have a part to play in a safe railroad as well. To encourage best practices; maintaining trust and honesty in our work environment; and recognize safe practices among shippers, each year CN presents Safe preserving our corporate integrity; and running our railroad and all aspects Handling Awards to customers who demonstrate an excellent record in of our business in a safe and efficient way. loading and shipping dangerous goods. The Code spells out general business tenets: respecting the law, rules and regulations, as well as commonly accepted standards of business Doing our part for a clean environment Environmental protection conduct; business integrity and fair dealing in an open market; and open, has long been an integral part of CN’s operations. Thanks largely to newer, straightforward and truthful communication. The document also makes more fuel-efficient equipment and the improved productivity of the service clear the duty of all employees to report all Code violations and establishes plan, CN has reduced its locomotive emissions significantly over the past procedures to do so. decade. Along with other railroads, CN submits an annual report on 26 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_024-028_R4 3/1/04 3:17 PM Page 27 locomotive emissions to Environment Canada. In 2003, we reported that Community safety Because it is so vital to CN, safety is the corner- our greenhouse gas emissions in Canada have decreased approximately stone of our community investment program. Our safety train, Little Obie, 3 per cent since 1990, despite moving 27 per cent more freight. CN a strikingly accurate scale model of a CN locomotive, tours North America initiatives range from implementing devices that automatically shut down to promote the rail safety message to children in a fun, memorable way. locomotives when not in use, to building corridors above and below rail In 2003, an alliance between CN and the Safe Communities Foundation of lines to protect migrating wildlife. We also work to minimize freight spills, Canada was one of five winners of the Imagine “New Spirit of Community” including materials like grain that draw birds and animals into the paths Partnership Award, recognizing our joint efforts to improve safety in a of trains, and dispose of chemically treated railway ties in a way that number of communities. minimizes environmental impact. The people component is important as Transportation education Because North America’s economic com- well – employee communications and training play a major role in rein- petitiveness and prosperity are closely linked to the effectiveness of its forcing a culture of environmental responsibility at CN. transportation infrastructure, post-secondary education in the field of As a carrier of dangerous goods and hazardous materials, CN is a transportation is an important focus for CN’s community investment. partner in Responsible Care®, a comprehensive management initiative that In 2003, for example, we made an endowment of $400,000 to establish promotes continuous improvement in the areas of health, safety and the the CN Fellowships in Railroad Engineering at the University of Illinois environment. Endorsed by CN’s chemicals industry customers and other at Urbana-Champaign. transportation companies, Responsible Care® includes guiding principles Community response CN has a long tradition of contributing to the tailored to the railroad industry. social and economic well-being of towns and cities where we operate. During 2003’s devastating forest fires in British Columbia, we donated A comprehensive approach to community investment CN is commit- funds, equipment and emergency training to a number of community fire ted to helping make its communities safer and stronger. Pulling Together, departments after initiating meetings with them to determine areas of CN’s community investment program, is grounded in four values: safety, greatest need. We also donated $30,000 to the Canadian Red Cross/BC lifelong learning, community support and commitment to action. Our four Forest Fires Response Fund to help provide immediate aid to communities areas of focus align with these values. affected by the forest fires. United Way Because the work of United Way so closely aligns with CN’s community investment goals, we are strong supporters of United Way organizations in communities where we have facilities and employees. In 2003, CN and its employees and retirees contributed more than $1 million to United Way organizations in Canada and the United States. CN Police officers and Risk Management employees promote rail safety at many community events each year. Canadian National Railway Company 27 ANG_24-28_R4 2/21/04 1:30 Page 28 Glossary of terms Average length of haul – The average distance in miles one ton is carried. Computed by dividing total ton miles by tons of freight. Rolling stock – Transportation equipment on wheels, especially locomotives and freight cars. Carload – A one-car shipment of freight from one consignor to one consignee. Car velocity – Car velocity is an average speed calculation, expressed in miles per day, of the car movements from time of release at one location to arrival at the destination. Class 1 railroad – As determined by the Association of American Railroads, a freight railroad with annual operating revenues that exceed a threshold indexed to a base of $250 million in 1991 U.S. dollars. The threshold in 2002 was $272 million. Gross ton miles – The number of tons behind the locomotives (cars and contents) including company service equipment multiplied by the miles of road moved from originating to destination stations on a designated railroad. Intermodal service – In railroad transportation, the movement of trailers or containers on railroad freight cars. Route miles – The miles of right-of-way owned or leased and operated by the designated railroad. Route miles exclude mainline trackage oper- ated under trackage rights. In multiple track territories only one mainline track counts as route miles. Scheduled railroad – Running a scheduled railroad is a disciplined process that handles individual car movements according to a specific plan where possible and that manages expectations to meet agreed- upon customer commitments. Siding – A track auxiliary to the main track for meeting or passing trains, or in the case of industrial siding, a track serving various indus- trial customers. Trip plan – A trip plan is a detailed chain of train handling events describing how a car(s) can be handled from the shipper’s door to the consignee’s door. Trip plans are expressed in hours and are tailored to a specific customer location, day of week and time of release. Linehaul – The movement of trains between terminals and stations on the main or branch lines of the road, exclusive of switching movements. Unit train – A train with a fixed, coupled consist of cars operated con- tinuously in shuttle service under load from origin and delivered intact at destination and returning usually for reloading at the same origin. Main track – A track extending through and between stations upon which trains are operated. Operating ratio – The ratio of operating expenses to operating revenues. Waybill – The document covering a shipment and showing the forward- ing and receiving stations, the name of consignor and consignee, the car initials and number, the routing, the description and weight of the com- modity, instructions for special services, the rate, total charges, advances and the waybill reference for previous services, and the amount prepaid. Regional railroad – As defined by the Association of American Railroads, a regional railroad is one that operates at least 350 miles of track and/or has annual revenues of at least U.S.$40 million but less than the Class 1 threshold indexed to a base of U.S.$250 million in 1991 dollars. Yard – A system of tracks within defined limits, designed for switching services. Yard dwell – Yard dwell is the average duration, expressed in hours, that cars spend in a specific operating terminal. Revenue ton mile – The movement of a ton of freight over one mile for revenue. Right-of-way – A strip of land of various widths upon which a rail track is built. 28 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 2/21/04 10:14 AM Page 29 Financial Section (U.S. GAAP) Contents Canadian National Railway Company Selected Railroad Statistics 30 31 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 49 Management Report Auditors’ Report 49 Consolidated Statement of Income 50 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 51 Consolidated Balance Sheet 52 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 53 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 54 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 55 57 58 59 59 59 59 60 60 61 62 62 64 65 66 66 66 67 67 67 69 71 72 72 72 1 Summary of significant accounting policies 2 Accounting changes 3 Acquisitions 4 Accounts receivable 5 Properties 6 Other assets and deferred charges 7 Credit facility 8 Accounts payable and accrued charges 9 Other liabilities and deferred credits 10 Long-term debt 11 Capital stock and convertible preferred securities 12 Stock plans 13 Pensions 14 Workforce reduction charges 15 Interest expense 16 Other income 17 Income taxes 18 Segmented information 19 Earnings per share 20 Major commitments and contingencies 21 Financial instruments 22 Other comprehensive income (loss) 23 Selected quarterly and annual financial data 24 Subsequent events 25 Comparative figures U.S. GAAP U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 29 29 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:57 PM Page 30 Selected Railroad Statistics Year ended December 31, Statistical operating data Freight revenues ($ millions) Gross ton miles (GTM) (millions) Revenue ton miles (RTM) (millions) Carloads (thousands) Route miles (includes Canada and the U.S.) Employees (end of period) Employees (average during period) Productivity Operating ratio (%) Adjusted operating ratio (%) (2) Freight revenue per RTM (cents) Freight revenue per carload ($) Operating expenses per GTM (cents) Adjusted operating expenses per GTM (cents) (2) Labor and fringe benefits expense per GTM (cents) Adjusted labor and fringe benefits expense per GTM (cents) (2) GTMs per average number of employees (thousands) Diesel fuel consumed (U.S. gallons in millions) Average fuel price ($/U.S. gallon) GTMs per U.S. gallon of fuel consumed Safety indicators Injury frequency rate per 200,000 person hours Accident rate per million train miles 2003 2002 2001 (1) 5,694 313,593 163,717 4,192 17,544 21,489 22,012 69.8 69.8 3.48 1,358 1.31 1.31 0.54 0.54 14,246 374 1.21 838 2.9 2.0 5,901 309,102 159,876 4,164 17,821 22,114 23,190 76.0 69.4 3.69 1,417 1.50 1.37 0.59 0.56 13,329 369 1.20 838 3.0 2.0 5,457 293,857 153,095 3,821 17,986 22,868 22,668 70.2 68.5 3.56 1,428 1.35 1.32 0.55 0.52 12,964 351 1.35 837 4.4 2.0 (1) Includes Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation from October 9, 2001. (2) See discussion and reconciliation of these non-GAAP adjusted performance measures in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis on pages 31, 32 and 36. Certain of the 2002 comparative statistical data and related productivity measures have been restated to reflect changes to estimated data previously reported. 30 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:57 PM Page 31 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) relates to the financial condition and results of operations of Canadian National Railway Company (CN) together with its wholly owned subsidiaries. As used herein, the word “Company” means, as the context requires, CN and its subsidiaries. CN’s com- mon shares are listed on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges. Except where otherwise indicated, all financial information reflected herein is expressed in Canadian dollars and determined on the basis of United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). The Company also prepares consolidated financial statements in accordance with Canadian GAAP, which are different in some respects from these financial statements, principally in the treatment of track replacement costs, expenditures relating to improvements of bridges and other structures and freight cars, deriv- ative instruments, stock-based compensation and convertible preferred securities. A reconciliation of the U.S. to Canadian GAAP financial statements is provided in Note 22 to the Company’s Canadian GAAP Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company’s objective is to provide meaningful and relevant information reflecting the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In certain instances, the Company may make reference to certain non-GAAP measures that, from management’s perspective, are useful measures of performance. In such instances, the reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s 2003 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Business Profile CN, directly and through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the rail trans- portation business. CN’s network of approximately 17,500 route miles of track spans Canada and mid-America, connecting three coasts: the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. CN’s revenues are derived from seven business units consisting of the movement of a diversified and balanced portfolio of goods which positions it well to face economic fluctuations and enhances its potential to grow revenues. In 2003, no individual business unit accounted for more than 22% of revenues. The sources of revenue also reflect a balanced mix of destinations. In 2003, 22% of revenues came from U.S. domestic traffic, 34% from transborder traffic, 25% from Canadian domestic traffic and 19% from overseas traffic. CN originates approximately 80% of traffic moving along its network. This allows the Company to both capitalize on service advan- tages and build on opportunities to efficiently use assets. Strategy CN is committed to creating value for both its customers and sharehold- ers. By providing quality and cost-effective service, CN seeks to create value for its customers, which solidifies existing customer relationships, while enabling it to pursue new ones. Sustainable financial performance is a critical element of shareholder value, which CN strives to achieve by pursuing revenue growth, steadily increasing profitability, a solid free cash flow and an adequate return on investment. CN’s business strategy is, and will continue to be, guided by its five core values: providing good service, controlling costs, focusing on asset utilization, commitment to safety and developing and recognizing employees. Financial Results 2003 compared to 2002 For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded consoli- dated net income of $1,014 million ($5.30 per basic share) compared to $800 million ($4.07 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2002. Diluted earnings per share were $5.23 for the current year com- pared to $3.97 in 2002. The Company’s operating income for 2003 was $1,777 million compared to $1,469 million in 2002, and its operating ratio, defined as operating expenses as a percentage of revenues, was 69.8% in 2003 compared to 76.0% in 2002 (see discussion on adjusted performance measures below). The Company’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003 included a cumulative benefit of $75 million, or $48 million after tax, resulting from a change in the accounting for removal costs for certain track structure assets pursuant to the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,” as explained in Note 2 to the attached Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. This change in policy will result in lower depreciation expense and higher labor and fringe benefits and other expenses in the period in which removal costs are incurred. For the year ended December 31, 2003, this change in policy resulted in an increase to net income of $2 million ($0.01 per basic and diluted share). 2003 compared to 2002 – Adjusted performance measures The years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 included items impacting the comparability of the results of operations (see reconciliation of adjusted performance measures presented below). In 2003, the Company recorded a fourth quarter deferred income tax expense of $79 million resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. The year ended December 31, 2002 included fourth quarter charges of $281 million, or $173 million after tax, to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and $120 million, or $79 million after tax, for workforce reductions. Excluding these items, adjusted net income was $1,045 million ($5.47 per basic share or $5.40 per diluted share) in 2003 compared to adjusted net income of $1,052 million ($5.35 per basic share or $5.22 per diluted share) for 2002, a decrease of $7 million, or 1%. Operating income for 2003 decreased by $93 million, or 5%, compared to adjusted operating income of $1,870 million for 2002. The operating ratio for 2003 was 69.8% compared to the adjusted operating ratio of 69.4% in 2002, a 0.4-point increase. The decrease in adjusted net income and adjusted operating income, in 2003, was due to the significant year-over-year appreciation in the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar. This significant appreciation in the Canadian dollar impacted the conversion of the Company’s U.S. dollar denominated revenues and expenses and accordingly, reduced revenues, operating income and net income by approximately $380 mil- lion, $120 million and $62 million, respectively. This decrease in adjusted net income was partly offset by net deferred income tax recoveries of $44 million, in 2003, relating mainly to the resolution of matters pertain- ing to prior years’ income taxes. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 31 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:57 PM Page 32 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Reconciliation of adjusted performance measures Management believes that non-GAAP measures such as adjusted net income and the resulting adjusted performance measures for such items as operating income, operating ratio and per share data are useful measures of performance that can facilitate period-to-period comparisons as they exclude items that do not arise as part of the normal day-to-day operations or that could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. The exclusion of specified items in the adjusted measures below does not imply that they are necessarily non-recurring. These adjusted measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and may, therefore, not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. $ in millions, except per share data, or unless otherwise indicated Year ended December 31, 2003 Revenues Operating expenses Operating income Interest expense Other income Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Income tax expense Reported $««5,884 4,107 1,777 (315) 21 1,483 (517) Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy 966 Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy, net of applicable taxes Net income Operating ratio Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 48 $«1,014 69.8% $÷«5.30 $÷«5.23 Change in policy Rate enactment Adjusted Reported $÷«– $÷– $««5,884 $««6,110 4,641 $«÷÷«– (281) $«÷÷«– (120) Adjusted $««6,110 4,240 2002 Personal injury Workforce reductions charge – – – – – 79 79 – 4,107 1,777 (315) 21 1,483 (438) 1,045 – – – – – – – – (48) $(48) 1,469 281 120 1,870 (361) 76 1,184 (384) 800 – – – 281 (108) 173 – – – 120 (41) 79 – (361) 76 1,585 (533) 1,052 – $79 $«1,045 $÷÷800 $«173 $÷«79 $«1,052 69.8% $÷«5.47 $÷«5.40 76.0% $÷«4.07 $÷«3.97 69.4% $÷«5.35 $÷«5.22 Revenues Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 totaled $5,884 million compared to $6,110 million in 2002. The decrease of $226 million, or 4%, was mainly due to the higher Canadian dollar, which negatively impacted the translation of U.S. dollar denominated revenue, continued weakness in coal shipments and a slowdown in the automotive sector. Partially offsetting these losses were increased intermodal, metals and minerals and petroleum and chemicals volumes. Revenue ton miles, mea- suring the volume of freight transported by the Company, increased by 2% relative to 2002. Freight revenue per revenue ton mile, a measure- ment of yield defined as revenue earned on the movement of a ton of freight over one mile, decreased by 6% when compared to 2002, reflect- ing the higher Canadian dollar. Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items* Total Revenues Revenue ton miles In millions Freight revenue per revenue ton mile In cents $1,058 527 1,284 261 938 1,101 525 190 $5,884 $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 $6,110 30,901 13,876 34,516 14,475 35,556 31,168 3,225 – 30,006 13,505 33,551 14,503 35,773 29,257 3,281 – 163,717 159,876 3.42 3.80 3.72 1.80 2.64 3.53 16.28 – 3.48 3.67 3.86 3.94 2.25 2.76 3.60 18.01 – 3.69 * Principally non-freight revenues derived from third parties. 32 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 2/25/04 1:38 AM Page 33 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Management’s Discussion and Analysis Petroleum and chemicals Forest products Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands Percentage of revenues Carloads* 7 8 5 4 0 6 12% 4 9 4 2 1 5 9 1 5 31% 1 8 4 6 8 4 1 0 5 In thousands 0 0 6 4 9 5 44% 56% 56% Petroleum and plastics 44% Chemicals 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (WC) from October 9, 2001 Petroleum and chemicals Petroleum and chemicals comprise a wide range of commodities, includ- ing chemicals, sulfur, plastics, petroleum and gas products. Most of the Company’s petroleum and chemicals shipments originate in the Gulf of Mexico, in Alberta and in eastern Canada, and are destined for customers in Canada, the United States and overseas. The performance of this busi- ness unit is closely correlated with the North American economy. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $44 million, or 4%, from 2002. The decrease was due to the transla- tion impact of the stronger Canadian dollar, partially offset by higher U.S. and offshore demand for Canadian sulfur and strong demand for liquefied petroleum gas due to cold weather conditions at the beginning of the year. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 7% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. 28% 29% 31% Lumber 29% Fibers 28% Paper 12% Panels 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Forest products The forest products business unit includes various types of lumber, panels, wood chips, woodpulp, printing paper, linerboard and newsprint. The Company has superior rail access to the western and eastern Canadian fiber-producing regions, which are among the largest fiber source areas in North America. In the United States, the Company is strategically located to serve both the northern and southern U.S. corridors with inter- line capabilities to other Class 1 railroads. Although demand for forest products can be cyclical, the Company’s geographical advantages and product diversity tend to reduce the impact of market fluctuations. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $39 million, or 3%, from 2002. The decrease was due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar that was partially offset by solid demand for lumber and pulp and paper. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 6% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar which more than offset the continued improvement in pricing and a positive change in traffic mix. Metals and minerals Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 8 8 3 6 9 3 Coal 28% 6 6 2 6 5 2 7 8 2 Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 18% 8 5 5 8 2 5 7 1 5 9 9 4 1 7 4 72% 72% Metals 28% Minerals 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Metals and minerals The metals and minerals business consists primarily of nonferrous base metals, steel, equipment and parts. The Company’s superior rail access to major mines and smelters throughout North America has made the Company a transportation leader of copper, lead, zinc concentrates, refined metals and aluminum. Metals and minerals traffic is sensitive to fluctuations in the economy. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit increased by $6 million, or 1%, from 2002. The increase was due to improved market conditions and increased market share for steel in 2003 and new ore traffic which began in the second quarter of 2002 and the last quarter of 2003. These gains were largely offset by the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar which was partially offset by a positive change in traffic mix. 82% 82% Coal 18% Petroleum coke 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Coal The coal business consists primarily of thermal grades of bituminous coal. Canadian thermal coal is delivered to power utilities primarily in eastern Canada, while in the United States, thermal coal is transported from mines served in southern Illinois or from western U.S. mines via interchange with other railroads to major utilities in the Midwest and southeast United States. The coal business also includes the transport of metallurgical coal, which is largely exported to steel markets in Japan and other Asian markets. In 2003, CN metallurgical coal volumes contin- ued to decline as a result of mine closures and this trend is expected to continue. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this busi- ness unit decreased by $65 million, or 20%, from 2002. The decrease was U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 33 ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 2/25/04 1:38 AM Page 34 Management’s Discussion and Analysis due to reduced coal production in western Canada, the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a metallurgical mine closure. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 20% from 2002 mainly due to a change in traffic mix, an increase in the average length of haul, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Grain and fertilizers Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 13% 29% 7 6 5 0 9 5 2 4 5 5 3 5 8 4 5 13% 22% 23% 29% Oilseeds 23% Food grain 22% Feed grain 13% Potash 13% Fertilizers 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Grain and fertilizers The grain and fertilizer business unit depends primarily on crops grown and fertilizers processed in western Canada and the U.S. Midwest. The grain segment consists of three primary commodities: food grains, mainly wheat; oilseeds and oilseed products, primarily canola seed, oil and meal; and feed grains, including feed barley, feed wheat and corn. Production of grain varies considerably from year to year, affected primarily by weather conditions. Canadian grain exports are highly volatile, reflecting the size of the crop produced, international market conditions and foreign government policy. In the U.S., grain grown in Illinois and Iowa is exported, as well as transported to domestic processing facilities and feed markets. The Company also serves producers of potash, ammonium nitrate, urea and other fertilizers. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $48 million, or 5%, from 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a decrease in Canadian export wheat ship- ments due to the smaller 2002/2003 Canadian crop. Partially offsetting these decreases were increased Canadian canola shipments and strong U.S. corn shipments to North American markets. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 4% from 2002 as the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar was partially offset by a decrease in the aver- age length of haul. Intermodal Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 1 2 1 , 1 3 0 1 , 1 4 9 9 7 3 2 , 1 6 7 2 , 1 45% 55% 55% Domestic 45% International 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Intermodal The intermodal business unit is comprised of two segments: domestic and international. The domestic segment is responsible for consumer products and manufactured goods, operating through both retail and wholesale channels while the international segment handles import and export container traffic, serving the ports of Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax and New Orleans. The domestic segment is driven by consumer markets, with growth generally tied to the economy. The international segment is driven mainly by North American economic conditions. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit increased by $49 million, or 5%, from 2002. The increase was mainly due to increased import volumes, the higher fuel surcharge in 2003 to offset the signifi- cant increase in fuel costs and new traffic through the Port of Vancouver. Partially offsetting these gains was reduced traffic in the domestic seg- ment due to the closure of smaller terminal facilities in the U.S. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and an increase in the average length of haul, partially offset by the higher fuel surcharge. Automotive Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 19% 0 1 3 6 2 3 4 0 3 8 1 3 3 0 3 81% 81% Finished vehicles 19% Auto parts 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Automotive The automotive business unit moves both finished vehicles and parts, originating in southwestern Ontario, Michigan and Mississippi, destined for the United States, Canada and Mexico. The Company also serves shippers of import vehicles via the ports of Halifax and Vancouver, and through interchange with other railroads. The Company’s automotive revenues are closely correlated to automotive production and sales in North America. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $66 million, or 11%, from 2002. The decrease was primarily due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar, weaker North American vehicle sales and production, and a change in shipping patterns for a significant customer. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 10% from 2002 mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a significant increase in the average length of haul. 34 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 5/3/04 14:13 Page 35 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Operating expenses Operating expenses amounted to $4,107 million in 2003 compared to $4,641 million in 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the charges recorded in the fourth quarter of 2002 for personal injury and other claims and workforce reductions, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar on U.S. dollar denominated expenses. Partly offsetting these decreases were higher casualty and other expenses and higher fuel costs. In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Labor and fringe benefits Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other Total Amount $1,698 703 554 469 293 390 % of revenue 28.9% 11.9% 9.4% 8.0% 5.0% 6.6% Amount $1,837 778 584 459 346 637 $4,107 $4,641 % of revenue 30.1% 12.7% 9.6% 7.5% 5.7% 10.4% Labor and fringe benefits: Labor and fringe benefits includes wages, payroll taxes, and employee benefits such as incentive compensation, stock-based compensation, health and welfare, pensions and other post- employment benefits. These expenses decreased by $139 million, or 8%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the work- force reduction charge of $120 million recorded in the fourth quarter of 2002, the effects of a reduced workforce and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Higher wages and employee benefits, including increased costs for pensions resulting from a change in man- agement’s assumption for the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets from 9% to 8%, partly offset the decrease. In 2002, the Company had recorded a workforce reduction charge of $120 million in a renewed drive to improve productivity across all its corporate and operating functions. Reductions relating to this initia- tive and the 2001 workforce reduction charge of $98 million were completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement to be made to affected employees. Purchased services and material: Purchased services and material primarily includes the net costs of operating facilities jointly used by the Company and other railroads, costs of services purchased from out- side contractors, materials used in the maintenance of the Company’s track, facilities and equipment, transportation and lodging for train crew employees and utility costs. These expenses decreased by $75 million, or 10%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to lower expenses for consulting and professional services, lower discre- tionary spending (courier, communication charges, occupancy costs, etc.), reflecting the Company’s continued focus on cost containment, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization relates solely to the Company’s rail operations. These expenses decreased by $30 million, or 5%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. Reduced depreciation for certain asset classes pursuant to the adoption of SFAS No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,” and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar were partly offset by increases related to net capital additions. In accordance with SFAS No. 143, the Company changed its accounting policy for certain track structure assets to exclude removal costs as a component of depreciation expense where the inclusion of such costs would result in accumulated depreciation balances exceeding the historical cost basis of the assets. For the year ended December 31, 2003, this change in policy had the effect of reducing depreciation expense by $18 million. Fuel: Fuel expense includes the cost of fuel consumed by locomotives, intermodal equipment and other vehicles. These expenses increased by $10 million, or 2%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The increase was mainly due to a higher average price per gallon, net of the impact of the hedging program, and higher volumes. These increases were partly offset by the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Equipment rents: Equipment rents includes rental expense for the use of freight cars owned by other railroads or private companies and for the short or long-term lease of freight cars, locomotives and intermodal equipment, net of rental income from other railroads for the use of the Company’s cars and locomotives. These expenses decreased by $53 mil- lion, or 15%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was due to the Company’s continued focus on asset utilization, which resulted in lower lease expense for freight cars and locomotives and a reduction in net car hire expense. Also contributing to the decrease was the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a reduction in intermodal car hire rates. Casualty and other: Casualty and other includes expenses for personal injuries, environmental, freight and property damage, insurance, bad debt and operating taxes as well as travel and travel-related expenses. These expenses decreased by $247 million, or 39%, in 2003 as compared to 2002, which included a fourth quarter charge of $281 million to increase the provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims. Excluding this charge, the increase was mainly due to higher expenses for personal injury claims and increased insurance premiums. Partly offsetting the increase were lower travel-related expenses and lower provincial capital taxes. Other Interest expense: Interest expense decreased by $46 million to $315 mil- lion for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar, the conversion of the convertible preferred securities in July 2002, and lower interest rates on new debt to replace matured debt. Other income: In 2003, the Company recorded other income of $21 mil- lion compared to $76 million in 2002. The decrease was mainly due to lower right of way fees due to the termination of a contract in late 2002, lower income from the Company’s equity investments, and realized foreign exchange losses in 2003. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 35 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 36 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Income tax expense: The Company recorded income tax expense of $517 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $384 mil- lion in 2002. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2003 was 34.9% compared to 32.4% in 2002. The increase was mainly due to a $79 million deferred income tax expense recorded in the fourth quarter of 2003 resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario, which was partly offset by net favorable adjustments relating to the resolution of matters pertaining to prior years’ income taxes of $44 million and lower corporate income tax rates in Canada. 2002 compared to 2001 On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC and began a phased integration of the companies’ operations. Accordingly, in the following discussion, the Company’s results include the results of operations of WC, which were fully integrated into those of the Company in 2002. The Company recorded consolidated net income of $800 million ($4.07 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $1,040 million ($5.41 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2001. Diluted earnings per share were $3.97 for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $5.23 in 2001. Operating income was $1,469 million for 2002 compared to $1,682 million in 2001. 2002 compared to 2001 – Adjusted performance measures The years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 included items impacting the comparability of the results of operations (see reconciliation of adjusted performance measures below). Included in 2002 was a fourth quarter charge of $281 million, or $173 million after tax, to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and a charge for workforce reductions of $120 million, or $79 million after tax. In 2001, the Company recorded a deferred income tax recovery of $122 million resulting from the enact- ment of lower corporate tax rates in Canada, a charge for workforce reductions of $98 million, or $62 million after tax, a charge to write down the Company’s net investment in 360networks Inc. of $99 million, or $71 million after tax and a gain of $101 million, or $73 million after tax related to the sale of the Company’s 50 percent interest in the Detroit River Tunnel Company (DRT). Excluding these items, adjusted net income was $1,052 million ($5.35 per basic share or $5.22 per diluted share) in 2002 compared to $978 million ($5.09 per basic share or $4.92 per diluted share) in 2001, an increase of $74 million, or 8%. Adjusted operating income increased by $90 million, or 5%, to $1,870 million. The adjusted operating ratio was 69.4% in 2002 compared to 68.5% in 2001, a 0.9-point increase. Reconciliation of adjusted performance measures Management believes that non-GAAP measures such as adjusted net income and the resulting adjusted performance measures for such items as operating income, operating ratio and per share data are useful measures of performance that can facilitate period-to-period comparisons as they exclude items that do not arise as part of the normal day-to-day operations or that could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. The exclusion of specified items in the adjusted measures below does not imply that they are necessarily non-recurring. These adjusted measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and may, therefore, not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. $ in millions, except per share data, or unless otherwise indicated Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 Personal injury Workforce reductions charge Adjusted Reported Workforce reductions Rate enactment 360- networks DRT Adjusted $÷÷«– (281) 281 – – 281 (108) $÷÷«– (120) $«6,110 4,240 120 1,870 – – 120 (41) (361) 76 1,585 (533) $«5,652 3,970 1,682 (327) 65 1,420 (380) $÷«– (98) 98 – – 98 (36) $÷÷«– $÷«– $÷÷«– – – – – – (122) – – – 99 99 (28) – – – (101) (101) 28 $«5,652 3,872 1,780 (327) 63 1,516 (538) Reported $«6,110 4,641 1,469 (361) 76 1,184 (384) $÷÷800 $«173 $÷«79 $«1,052 $«1,040 $«62 $(122) $«71 $÷(73) $÷÷978 76.0% $÷«4.07 $÷«3.97 69.4% $÷«5.35 $÷«5.22 70.2% $÷«5.41 $÷«5.23 68.5% $÷«5.09 $÷«4.92 Revenues Operating expenses Operating income Interest expense Other income Income before income taxes Income tax expense Net income Operating ratio Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 36 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 37 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Revenues Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 totaled $6,110 million compared to $5,652 million in 2001. The increase of $458 million, or 8%, was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002. In addition, revenue gains were made in petroleum and chemicals, automotive, intermodal and forest products. These overall increases in revenues were partly offset by continued weakness in Canadian grain, coal, and metals and minerals. Revenue ton miles increased by 4% relative to 2001 and freight revenue per revenue ton mile increased by 4%. Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 2002 2001 2002 2001 Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items * Total Revenues Revenue ton miles In millions $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 $÷«923 458 1,088 338 1,161 969 520 195 30,006 13,505 33,551 14,503 35,773 29,257 3,281 – 25,243 10,777 29,639 15,566 42,728 26,257 2,885 – $6,110 $5,652 159,876 153,095 Freight revenue per revenue ton mile In cents 3.67 3.86 3.94 2.25 2.76 3.60 18.01 – 3.69 3.66 4.25 3.67 2.17 2.72 3.69 18.02 – 3.56 * Principally non-freight revenues derived from third parties. Petroleum and chemicals Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $179 mil- lion, or 19%, over 2001. Growth was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, strong sulfur traffic to the United States and offshore markets and market share gains in various sectors. The revenue per revenue ton mile remained rela- tively unchanged for 2002 as the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar was offset by an increase in the average length of haul for non-WC traffic. Metals and minerals Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $63 mil- lion, or 14%, over 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, market share gains in the nonferrous segment, particularly aluminum, and strong construction materials traffic. Partly offsetting these gains were the effects of weak steel markets in the first half of the year, one-time gains in 2001 and reduced traffic in specific segments due to ongoing customer strikes. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 9% over 2001 mainly due to an increase in longer haul traffic and the inclusion of certain lower rated WC traffic. Forest products Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $235 mil- lion, or 22%, over 2001. Growth was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, a strong North American housing market and improving pulp and paper markets. Also contributing to growth in the second half of the year were strong lumber shipments from CN’s western lumber producers. The increase in revenue per revenue ton mile of 7% was mainly due to the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar and the inclusion of shorter haul WC traffic. Coal Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased by $12 mil- lion, or 4%, from 2001. The decrease was mainly attributable to weak Canadian coal exports to offshore markets and reduced demand from power utilities in the first half of the year. The revenue per revenue ton mile increase of 4% was mainly due to a decrease in longer haul traffic. Grain and fertilizers Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased by $175 mil- lion, or 15%, from 2001. The decrease reflects a significant deterioration in the Canadian grain crop, a decline in U.S. originated traffic and the loss of a potash move. Revenue per revenue ton mile increased by 1% mainly as a result of an increase in regulated grain rates. Intermodal Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $83 mil- lion, or 9%, over 2001. Growth in the international segment was driven by market share gains by steamship lines served by CN. The domestic segment benefited from growing North American markets, particularly in Canada. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2%, mainly due to a higher average fuel surcharge in 2001 and an increase in the average length of haul. Automotive Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $71 mil- lion, or 14%, over 2001. The increase reflects strong motor vehicle pro- duction in both Canada and the United States. Revenue per revenue ton mile remained relatively unchanged for 2002 as the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar was offset by an increase in the average length of haul. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 37 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 38 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Operating expenses Operating expenses amounted to $4,641 million in 2002 compared to $3,970 million in 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, higher Casualty and other expenses resulting primarily from the 2002 charge to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and increased expenses for labor and fringe benefits that included a higher workforce reduction charge in 2002 compared to 2001. These increases were partly offset by lower fuel costs. In millions Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 Labor and fringe benefits Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other Total Amount $1,837 778 584 459 346 637 % of revenue 30.1% 12.7% 9.6% 7.5% 5.7% 10.4% Amount $1,624 692 532 484 309 329 % of revenue 28.7% 12.2% 9.4% 8.6% 5.5% 5.8% $4,641 $3,970 Labor and fringe benefits: Labor and fringe benefit expenses in 2002 increased by $213 million, or 13%, as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, a higher workforce reduction charge in 2002, wage increases, and higher benefit expenses, including health and welfare, particularly in the U.S. These increases were partly offset by the effects of a reduced workforce in 2002. In 2002, the Company announced 1,146 job reductions across all corporate and operating functions in a renewed drive to improve productivity and recorded a workforce reduction charge of $120 million. Reductions relating to this initiative and the 2001 workforce reduction charge of $98 million were 388 in 2001, 433 in 2002, with the remainder completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement, to be made to affected employees. Purchased services and material: These costs increased by $86 million, or 12%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and higher expenses for professional services and joint facil- ities. These increases were partly offset by reduced expenses for crew transportation and lodging in 2002. Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization expense in 2002 increased by $52 million, or 10%, as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and the impact of 2002 net capital additions. Fuel: Fuel expense in 2002 decreased by $25 million, or 5%, as com- pared to 2001. The decrease was primarily due to a lower average price of fuel, partially offset by the inclusion of a full year of expenses attribut- able to the operations of WC in 2002. Equipment rents: These expenses increased by $37 million, or 12%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and lower car hire income, partly offset by reduced expenses for long- term operating leases. Casualty and other: These expenses increased by $308 million, or 94%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to higher expenses for personal injury and other claims which included a fourth quarter 2002 charge of $281 million to increase the provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and higher derailment related expenses. Partly offsetting these increases were lower expenses related to environ- mental matters and bad debts. Other Interest expense: Interest expense increased by $34 million to $361 mil- lion for the year ended December 31, 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the financing related to the acquisition of WC and the inclusion of a full year of WC expenses in 2002. Partly offset- ting these increases was lower interest expense as a result of the conver- sion of the convertible preferred securities in July 2002 and the maturity of certain notes in 2001. Other income: In 2002, the Company recorded other income of $76 mil- lion compared to $65 million in 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) in 2002 partly offset by lower gains on disposal of properties. Included in 2001 was a charge of $99 million to write down the Company’s net investment in 360networks Inc. and a gain of $101 million related to the sale of the Company’s 50 percent interest in DRT. Income tax expense: The Company recorded income tax expense of $384 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $380 million in 2001. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2002 was 32.4% compared to 35.4% in 2001, excluding the 2001 deferred income tax recovery of $122 million resulting from the enactment of lower corporate tax rates in Canada. The decrease in 2002 was primarily due to lower income tax rates in Canada. Liquidity and capital resources The Company’s principal source of liquidity is cash generated from oper- ations. The Company also has the ability to fund liquidity requirements through its revolving credit facility, the issuance of debt and/or equity, and the sale of a portion of its accounts receivable through a securitiza- tion program. In addition, from time to time, the Company’s liquidity requirements can be supplemented by the disposal of surplus properties and the monetization of assets. Operating activities: Cash provided from operating activities was $1,976 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $1,612 million for 2002. Cash generated in 2003 was partially consumed by payments for interest, workforce reductions and personal injury and other claims of $325 million, $155 million and $126 million, respectively, compared to $398 million, $177 million and $156 million, respectively, in 2002. In 2003, pension contributions and payments for income taxes 38 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 39 Management’s Discussion and Analysis were $88 million and $86 million, respectively, compared to $92 million and $65 million, respectively, in 2002. The Company increased the level of accounts receivable sold under its Accounts receivable securitization program by $132 million in 2003 and $5 million in 2002. Payments in 2004 for workforce reductions are expected to be $89 million while pension contributions are expected to be approximately $93 million. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had outstanding information technology service contracts of $21 million. Investing activities: Cash used by investing activities in 2003 amounted to $1,075 million compared to $924 million in 2002. The Company’s investing activities in 2002 included aggregate net proceeds of $69 mil- lion from the sale of its investments in Tranz Rail Holdings Limited and Australian Transport Network Limited, and $28 million from the sale of IC Terminal Holdings Company. Net capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2003 amounted to $1,043 million, an increase of $105 million over 2002. Net capital expenditures included expenditures for roadway renewal, rolling stock, and other capacity and productivity improvements. The Company expects that its capital expenditures will increase slightly in 2004 due to the acquisition of additional locomotives, and will include funds required for ongoing renewal of the basic plant and other acquisitions and investments required to improve the Company’s operat- ing efficiency and customer service. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had commitments to acquire railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment at an aggregate cost of $211 million ($183 million at December 31, 2002). Dividends: During 2003, the Company paid dividends totaling $191 mil- lion to its shareholders at the quarterly rate of $0.25 per share compared to $170 million at the rate of $0.215 per share, in 2002. Free cash flow The Company generated $578 million of free cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2003, compared to $513 million for the same 2002 period. Free cash flow does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore not necessarily comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The Company believes that free cash flow is a useful measure of performance as it demon- strates the Company’s ability to generate cash after the payment of capital expenditures and dividends. The Company defines free cash flow as cash provided from operating activities, excluding changes in the level of accounts receivable sold under the securitization program, less capital expenditures, other investing activities and dividends paid, calculated as follows: In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Cash provided from operating activities $«1,976 $«1,612 Less: Net capital expenditures Other investing activities Dividends paid Cash provided before financing activities Adjustments: Increase in accounts receivable sold Free cash flow (1,043) (32) (191) 710 (938) 14 (170) 518 (132) (5) $÷÷578 $÷÷513 Financing activities: Cash used by financing activities totaled $605 mil- lion for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $546 million in 2002. In May 2003, the Company repaid U.S.$150 million (Cdn$207 mil- lion) of 6.625% 10-year Notes and U.S.$100 million (Cdn$138 million) of 6.75% 10-year Notes with the proceeds received in March 2003 from the issuance of U.S.$400 million (Cdn$586 million) 4.40% Notes due 2013. In 2003 and 2002, issuances and repayments of long-term debt related principally to the Company’s commercial paper and revolving credit facilities. The Company used $656 million in 2003 and $203 million in 2002 to repurchase 10.0 million common shares and 3.0 million common shares, respectively, under the share repurchase program. During 2003, the Company recorded $47 million in capital lease obligations ($114 million in 2002) related to new equipment and the exercise of purchase options on existing equipment. The Company has access to various financing arrangements: Revolving credit facility The Company has a U.S.$1,000 million three-year revolving credit facility expiring in December 2005. The credit facility provides for borrowings at various interest rates, plus applicable margins, and contains customary financial covenants with which the Company has been in full compli- ance. The Company’s borrowings of U.S.$90 million (Cdn$142 million) outstanding at December 31, 2002 were entirely repaid in the first quar- ter of 2003. At December 31, 2003, the Company had borrowings under its revolving credit facility of U.S.$180 million (Cdn$233 million) at an average interest rate of 1.49%. As at December 31, 2003, letters of credit under the revolving credit facility amounted to $319 million. Commercial paper In June 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an increase in the maximum amount that may be issued under the commercial paper program, which is backed by the Company’s revolving credit facility, from $600 million to $800 million, or the U.S. dollar equivalent. Commercial paper debt is due within one year but is classified as long-term debt, reflecting the Company’s intent and contractual ability to refinance the short-term borrowing through subsequent issuances of commercial paper or drawing down on the long-term revolving credit facility. As at December 31, 2003, the Company did not have any outstanding commercial paper compared to U.S.$136 million (Cdn$214 million) as at December 31, 2002. Shelf registration statement On October 29, 2003, the Company filed a shelf registration statement providing for the issuance, from time to time, of up to U.S.$1,000 million of debt securities in one or more offerings. The Company’s access to current and alternate sources of financing at competitive costs is dependent on its credit rating. The Company is not currently aware of any adverse trend, event or condition that would affect the Company’s credit rating. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 39 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 40 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Contractual obligations In the normal course of business, the Company incurs contractual obligations. The following table sets forth the Company’s contractual obligations for the following items as at December 31, 2003: In millions Long-term debt obligations (a) Capital lease obligations (b) Operating lease obligations Purchase obligations (c) Total obligations Total $3,912 1,141 874 232 $6,159 2004 $371 155 181 224 $931 2005 $380 107 147 5 $639 2006 $332 75 127 2 $536 2007 $÷66 117 111 1 $295 2008 $226 41 79 – 2009 and thereafter $2,537 646 229 – $346 $3,412 (a) Excludes capital lease obligations of $746 million. (b) Includes $395 million of imputed interest on capital leases at rates ranging from approximately 1.9% to 11.9%. (c) Includes commitments for railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment and outstanding information technology service contracts. For 2004 and the foreseeable future, the Company expects cash flow from operations and from its various sources of financing to be sufficient to meet its debt repayments and future obligations, and to fund anticipated capital expenditures. The Company intends to finance the acquisitions announced in the fourth quarter of 2003 through a combination of cash flow from operations and the issuance of additional debt. Off-balance sheet arrangements Accounts receivable securitization program In June 2003, the Company renewed its accounts receivable securitiza- tion program for a term of three years, to June 2006. Under the terms of the renewal the Company may sell, on a revolving basis, a maximum of $450 million of eligible freight trade and other receivables outstanding at any point in time, to an unrelated trust. The Company has a contin- gent residual interest of approximately 10% of receivables sold, which is recorded in Other current assets. The Company is subject to customary reporting requirements for which failure to perform could result in termination of the program. In addition, the trust is subject to customary credit rating requirements, which if not met could also result in termination of the program. The Company is not currently aware of any trend, event or condition that would cause such termination. The accounts receivable securitization program provides the Company with readily available short-term financing for general corporate uses. In the event the program is terminated before its scheduled maturity, the Company expects to meet its future payment obligations through its various sources of financing, including its revolving credit facility and commercial paper program, and/or access to capital markets. At December 31, 2003, pursuant to the agreement, $448 million had been sold compared to $350 million at December 31, 2002. Guarantees and indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company, including certain of its subsidiaries, enters into agreements that may involve providing certain guarantees or indemnifications to third parties and others, which extend over the term of the agreement. These include, but are not limited to, residual value guarantees on operating leases, standby letters of credit and surety bonds, and indemnifications that are customary for the type of transaction or for the railway business. Effective January 1, 2003, pursuant to FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others,” the Company is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing certain guarantees on the date the guarantee is issued or modified. Where the Company expects to make a payment in respect of a guarantee, a liability will be recognized to the extent that one has not yet been recognized. The nature of these guarantees or indemnifications, the maximum potential amount of future payments, the carrying amount of the liabil- ity, if any, and the nature of any recourse provisions are disclosed in Note 20 – Major commitments and contingencies of the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. Acquisitions BC Rail In November 2003, the Company entered into an agreement with British Columbia Railway Company, a corporation owned by the Government of the Province of British Columbia (Province), to acquire all the issued and outstanding shares of BC Rail Ltd. and all the partnership units of BC Rail Partnership (collectively BC Rail), and the right to operate over BC Rail’s roadbed under a long-term lease, for a purchase price of $1 billion payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire the industrial freight railway business and operations, including equipment, contracts, and available tax attributes relating to the business, but excluding the roadbed itself, which is to be retained by the Province and leased back to BC Rail for an original term of 60 years with an option to renew for an additional 30 years. The transaction is intended to enhance the Company’s network in western Canada. 40 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 41 Management’s Discussion and Analysis In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to, among other things, approval under the Competition Act (Canada). On December 2, 2003, the Legislature of British Columbia passed legislation to amend the British Columbia Railway Act and other applicable laws as was required to authorize and permit the consummation of the transaction. The Company anticipates that the Competition Bureau will have completed its review and that the proposed transaction will close in the second quarter of 2004. Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s Railroads and Related Holdings In October 2003, the Company, through an indirect wholly owned sub- sidiary, entered into an agreement for the acquisition of Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s (GLT) railroads and related holdings for a purchase price of U.S.$380 million payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire two Class II railroads, a Class III switching railroad, and a non-railroad company owning a fleet of eight vessels. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to the Company having obtained from the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB) a final, unappealable decision that approves the acquisition or exempts it from regulation and does not impose on the parties conditions that would significantly and adversely affect the anticipated economic benefits of the acquisition to the Company. The Company’s acquisition of the fleet of vessels is also subject to reviews by the U.S. Maritime Administration and Coast Guard, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice Antitrust Division. On December 1, 2003, the STB ruled that the proposed GLT transac- tion would be considered as a minor transaction for regulatory review purposes. The Company anticipates all regulatory rulings, including a final STB ruling on the proposed transaction, in the second quarter of 2004. If the proposed BC Rail and GLT transactions are completed, the Company will account for them using the purchase method of account- ing as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Under this method, the Company will prepare its financial statements reflecting the allocation of the purchase price to acquire BC Rail and GLT’s railroads and related holdings, based on the relative fair values of their assets and liabilities. The results of operations of the Company will reflect the effects of the acquisitions as of the date of acquisition. These acquisitions involve the integration of two previously independent businesses to provide shippers enhanced rail services over a coordinated network. There can be no assurance that CN will be able to integrate its business with that of either BC Rail or GLT without encountering opera- tional difficulties or experiencing the loss of key employees or customers, or that the rail service levels and other efficiencies or synergies expected from these acquisitions will be attained. Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC for an acquisition cost of $1,301 million (U.S.$833 million) and accounted for the merger using the purchase method of accounting. As such, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabili- ties and results of operations of WC as of October 9, 2001, the date of acquisition. The acquisition was financed by debt and cash on hand. Common stock split On January 27, 2004, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a three-for-two common stock split which is to be effected in the form of a stock dividend of one-half additional common share of CN payable for each share outstanding on February 27, 2004, to shareholders of record on February 23, 2004. All equity-based benefit plans will be adjusted to reflect the issuance of additional shares or options due to the declaration of the stock split. All share and per share data for future periods will reflect the stock split. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) – Capital reorganization On January 6, 2004, EWS shareholders approved a plan to reduce the EWS share capital to enable cash to be returned to the shareholders. Under the plan, EWS is offering shareholders the ability to cancel a portion of their EWS shares. For each share cancelled, EWS shareholders will receive cash and 8% notes, due in 2009. Although the notes are due in five years, EWS has the right to redeem all or any part of the outstanding notes at their principal amount together with accrued but unpaid interest up to the date of repayment. The payout of cash and issuance of notes by EWS under the plan is expected in the first quarter of 2004. At December 31, 2003, CN owned 43.7 million shares, or approxi- mately 40% (approximately 37% on a fully diluted basis), of EWS. CN has elected to have the maximum allowable number of shares cancelled under the plan. As a result of the share cancellation plan, CN will receive £81.6 million (or approximately Cdn$188 million) from EWS, of which £23.9 million (or approximately Cdn$55 million) will be in the form of EWS notes. After the EWS share cancellation is complete, CN’s ownership of EWS will be approximately 31% on a fully diluted basis. Share repurchase program In October 2002, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a share repurchase program which allowed for the repurchase of up to 13.0 million common shares between October 25, 2002 and October 24, 2003 pursuant to a normal course issuer bid, at prevailing market prices. In 2003, the Company repurchased 10.0 million common shares for $656 million, at an average price of $65.58 per share. The Company has completed its program, repurchasing 13.0 million common shares for $859 million, at an average price of $66.06 per share. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 41 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 42 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Termination of conversion rights of 5.25% convertible preferred securities (“Securities”) On May 6, 2002, the Company met the conditions required to terminate the Securities holders’ right to convert their Securities into common shares of the Company, and had set the conversion termination date as July 3, 2002. The conditions were met when the Company’s common share price exceeded 120% of the conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per share for a specified period, and all accrued interest on the Securities had been paid. On July 3, 2002, Securities that had not been previously surrendered for conversion were deemed converted, resulting in the issuance of 6.0 million common shares of the Company. Critical accounting policies The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period, the reported amounts of assets and liabili- ties, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, including those related to personal injury and other claims, environmental matters, depreciation lives, pensions and other post- retirement benefits, and income taxes, based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The follow- ing accounting policies require management’s more significant judg- ments and estimates in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and as such, are considered to be critical. The fol- lowing information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Management has discussed the development and selection of the Company’s critical accounting estimates with the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors and the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee has reviewed the Company’s related disclosures herein. Personal injury and other claims In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occupational disease and damage to property. In Canada, employee injuries are governed by the workers’ compen- sation legislation in each province whereby employees may be awarded either a lump sum or future stream of payments depending on the nature and severity of the injury. Accordingly, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work-related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, including compensation, health care and administration costs. For all other legal actions, the Company maintains, and regularly updates on a case-by-case basis, provisions for such items when the expected loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated based on currently available information. Assumptions used in estimating the ultimate costs for Canadian employee injury claims consider, among others, the discount rate, the rate of inflation, wage increases and health care costs. The Company periodically reviews its assumptions to reflect currently available infor- mation. Over the past three years, the Company has changed certain of these assumptions, which have not had a material effect on its results of operations. For all other legal claims in Canada, estimates are based on case history, trends and judgment. In the United States, employee work-related injuries, including occu- pational disease claims, are compensated according to the provisions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA) and represent a major expense for the railroad industry. The FELA system, which requires either the finding of fault through the U.S. jury system or individual settlements, has contributed to the significant increase in the Company’s personal injury expense in recent years. In view of the Company’s growing pres- ence in the United States and the increase in the number of occupational disease claims over the past few years, an actuarial study was conducted in 2002, and in the fourth quarter of 2002 the Company changed its methodology for estimating its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims, including occupational disease claims and claims for property damage, from a case-by-case approach to an actuarial-based approach. Consequently, and as discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 mil- lion after tax) to increase its provision for these claims. Under the actuarial-based approach, the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. For the U.S. personal injury and other claims liability, historical claim data is used to formulate assumptions relating to the expected number of claims and average cost per claim (severity) for each year. Changes in any one of these assumptions could materially affect Casualty and other expense as reported in the Company’s results of operations. For example, a 5% change in the number of claims or severity would have the effect of changing the provision by approximately $26 million and the annual expense by approximately $5 million. In 2003, the Company’s expenses for personal injury and other claims, net of recoveries, were $127 million ($393 million in 2002 and $78 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $126 million ($156 million in 2002 and $149 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate reserves for personal injury and other claims of $590 million ($664 million at December 31, 2002). Environmental matters Regulatory compliance A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean-up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and present ownership, oper- ation or control of real property. Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed unless they relate to an improvement 42 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 43 Management’s Discussion and Analysis to the property. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which are not expected to contribute to current or future operations are expensed. Known existing environmental concerns The Company is subject to environmental clean-up and enforcement actions. In particular, the Federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), also known as the Superfund law, as well as similar state laws generally impose joint and several liability for clean-up and enforcement costs on current and for- mer owners and operators of a site without regard to fault or the legal- ity of the original conduct. The Company has been notified that it is a potentially responsible party for study and clean-up costs at approxi- mately 17 Superfund sites for which investigation and remediation payments are or will be made or are yet to be determined and, in many instances, is one of several potentially responsible parties. The ultimate cost of known contaminated sites cannot be definitely established, and the estimated environmental liability for any given site may vary depending on the nature and extent of the contamination, the available clean-up technique, the Company’s share of the costs and evolving regulatory standards governing environmental liability. As a result, liabilities are recorded based on the results of a four-phase assessment conducted on a site-by-site basis. Cost scenarios established by external consultants based on extent of contamination and expected costs for remedial efforts are used by the Company to estimate the costs related to a particular site. A liability is initially recorded when environ- mental assessments and/or remedial efforts are likely, and when costs, based on a specific plan of action in terms of the technology to be used and the extent of the corrective action required, can be reasonably esti- mated. Adjustments to initial estimates are recorded as additional infor- mation becomes available. Based on the information currently available, the Company considers its provisions to be adequate. At December 31, 2003, most of the Company’s properties not acquired through recent acquisitions are approaching a final assessment and therefore costs related to such sites may change based on informa- tion as it becomes available. For properties acquired through recent acquisitions, the Company obtains assessments from both external and internal consultants and a liability has been or will be accrued based on such assessments. Unknown existing environmental concerns The Company’s ongoing efforts to identify potential environmental con- cerns that may be associated with its properties may lead to future envi- ronmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. The magnitude of such additional liabilities and costs cannot be reasonably estimated due to: (i) (ii) the lack of specific technical information available with respect to many sites; the absence of any government authority, third-party orders, or claims with respect to particular sites; (iii) the potential for new or changed laws and regulations and for development of new remediation technologies and uncertainty regarding the timing of the work with respect to particular sites; (iv) the ability to recover costs from any third parties with respect to particular sites; and as such, costs related to future remediation will be accrued in the year they become known. Future occurrences In the operation of a railroad, it is possible that derailments, explosions or other accidents may occur that could cause harm to human health or to the environment. As a result, the Company may incur costs in the future, which may be material, to address any such harm, including costs relating to the performance of clean-ups, natural resource damages and compen- satory or punitive damages relating to harm to individuals or property. In 2003, the Company’s expenses relating to environmental matters, net of recoveries, were $6 million ($6 million in 2002 and $7 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $12 million ($16 million in 2002 and $14 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate accruals for environmental costs of $83 million ($106 million at December 31, 2002). The Company anticipates that the majority of the liability will be paid out over the next five years. Depreciation Railroad properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation including asset impairment write-downs. The Company follows the group method of depreciation and, as such, depreciates the cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. In addition, under the group method of depreciation, the cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, retired or disposed of in the normal course of business, is charged to accumulated depreciation. Assessing the reasonableness of the estimated useful lives of proper- ties requires judgment and is based on currently available information, including periodic depreciation studies conducted by the Company. The Company’s U.S. properties are subject to comprehensive depreciation studies conducted by external consultants as required by the Surface Transportation Board (STB). Depreciation studies for Canadian properties are not required by regulation and are therefore conducted internally. Studies are performed on specific asset groups on a periodic basis. The studies consider, among others, the analysis of historical retirement data using recognized life analysis techniques, and the forecasting of asset life characteristics. Changes in circumstances, such as technological advances, changes to the Company’s business strategy, changes in the Company’s capital strategy or changes in regulations can result in the actual useful lives differing from the Company’s estimates. A change in the remaining useful life of a group of assets, or their estimated net salvage, will affect the depreciation rate used to amortize the group of assets and thus affect depreciation expense as reported in the Company’s results of operations. A change of one year in the com- posite useful life of the Company’s fixed asset base would impact annual depreciation expense by approximately $12 million. Depreciation studies are a means of ensuring that the assumptions used to estimate the useful lives of particular asset groups are still valid and where they are not, they serve as the basis to establish the new depreciation rates to be used on a prospective basis. In 2001, the U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 43 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 44 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Company conducted a comprehensive study for its Canadian properties, which revealed that estimated depreciable lives for certain asset types had increased, and therefore those asset lives were extended prospec- tively. As a result, depreciation expense was reduced by $44 million for the year ended December 31, 2001. In 2004, the Company will conduct a depreciation study for its Canadian properties and U.S. rolling stock and equipment. In 2003, the Company recorded total depreciation and amortization expense of $560 million ($591 million in 2002 and $538 million in 2001). At December 31, 2003, the Company had Properties of $18,305 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $9,038 million ($19,681 million in 2002, net of accumulated depreciation of $9,159 million). Pensions and other post-retirement benefits The Company accounts for pension and other post-retirement benefits as required by SFAS No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting for Pensions,” and SFAS No. 106, “Employers’ Accounting for Post-retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,” respectively. Under these accounting standards, assumptions are made regarding the valuation of benefit obligations and performance of plan assets. Deferred recognition of differences between actual results and those assumed is a guiding principle of these standards. This approach allows for a gradual recognition of changes in benefit obliga- tions and plan performance over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans. The following descrip- tion pertaining to pensions relate generally to the Company’s main pension plan, the CN Pension Plan. The Company’s other pension plans are not significant. For pensions, an actuarial valuation is required at least on a triennial basis. However, for the last 15 years, the Company has conducted an annual actuarial valuation to account for pensions, which uses manage- ment assumptions for the discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and the rate of compensation increase. The Canadian plans have a measurement date of December 31 whereas the U.S. plans have a measurement date of September 30. For pensions and other post-retirement benefits, assumptions are required for, among oth- ers, the discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the rate of compensation increase, health care cost trend rates, mortality rates, employee early retirements, terminations or disability. Changes in these assumptions result in actuarial gains or losses which in accordance with SFAS No. 87 and SFAS No. 106, the Company has elected to amortize over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans only to the extent that the unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses are in excess of 10% of the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obliga- tion or market-related value of plan assets. The future effect on the Company’s results of operations is dependent on economic conditions, employee demographics, mortality rates and investment performance. The Company sets its discount rate assumption annually to reflect the rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments with a duration of approximately 11 years, which is expected to match the timing and amount of expected benefit payments. High quality debt instruments are corporate bonds with a rating of AA or better. A discount rate of 6%, based on bond yields prevailing at December 31, 2003, was considered appropriate by the Company and is supported by reports issued by third party advisors. A one-percentage-point decrease in the discount rate would cause net periodic benefit cost to increase by $50 mil- lion whereas a one-percentage-point increase would not have a material change in net periodic benefit cost as the Company only amortizes actu- arial gains and losses over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, only to the extent they are in excess of 10% of the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets. To develop its expected long-term rate of return assumption used in the calculation of net periodic benefit cost applicable to the market- related value of assets, the Company considers both its past experience and future estimates of long-term investment returns, the expected com- position of the plans’ assets as well as the expected long-term market returns in the future. The Company has elected to use a market-related value of assets, whereby realized and unrealized gains/losses and appre- ciation/depreciation in the value of the investments are recognized over a period of five years, while investment income is recognized immedi- ately. The Company follows a disciplined investment strategy, which limits concentration of investments by asset class, foreign currency, sector or company. The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors has approved an investment policy that establishes long-term asset mix targets based on a review of historical returns achieved by worldwide investment markets. Investment managers may deviate from these tar- gets but their performance is evaluated in relation to the market perfor- mance of the target mix. The Company does not anticipate the return on plan assets to fluctuate materially from related capital market indices. The Investment Committee reviews investments regularly with specific approval required for major investments in illiquid securities. The policy also permits the use of derivative financial instruments to implement asset mix decisions or to hedge existing or anticipated exposures. The Pension Plan does not invest in the securities of the Company or its sub- sidiaries. During the last ten years ended December 31, 2003, the CN Pension Plan earned an annual average rate of return of 8.4%. The actual and market-related value rates of return on plan assets for the last five years were as follows: Rates of return Actual Market-related value 2003 9.6% 7.0% 2002 2001 2000 1999 (0.3)% 7.4% (1.4)% 10.2% 10.5% 13.7% 15.0% 13.8% For that same period, the Company used a long-term rate of return assumption on the market-related value of plan assets not exceeding 9% to compute net periodic benefit cost. In 2003, the Company reduced the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets from 9% to 8% to reflect management’s current view of long-term investment returns. The effect of this change in management’s assumption was to increase net periodic benefit cost in 2003 by approximately $50 million. Based on the fair value of the assets held as at December 31, 2003, the plan assets are comprised of 56% in Canadian and foreign equities, 38% in debt securities, 3% in real estate assets and 3% in other assets. The long-term asset allocation percentages are not expected to differ materially from the current composition. 44 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 26/2/04 5:09 Page 45 Management’s Discussion and Analysis The rate of compensation increase, 3.75% to determine benefit obligation and 4% to determine net periodic benefit cost, is another significant assumption in the actuarial model for pension accounting and is determined by the Company based upon its long-term plans for such increases. For other post-retirement benefits, the Company reviews external data and its own historical trends for health care costs to deter- mine the health care cost trend rates. For measurement purposes, the projected health care cost trend rate was 17% in the current year, and it is assumed that the rate will decrease gradually to 8% in 2012 and remain at that level thereafter. A one-percentage-point change in either the rate of compensation increase or the health care cost trend rate would not cause a material change to the Company’s net periodic bene- fit cost for both pensions and other post-retirement benefits. The latest actuarial valuation of the CN Pension Plan was conducted as at December 31, 2002 and indicated a funding excess. Total contribu- tions for all of the Company’s pension plans are expected to be approxi- mately $93 million in each of 2004, 2005, and 2006 based on the plans’ current position. The assumptions discussed above are not expected to have a significant impact on the cash funding requirements of the pension plans. For pensions, the Company recorded consolidated net periodic benefit cost of $28 million in 2003 and net periodic benefit income of $20 million and $13 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively. Consolidated net periodic benefit cost for other post-retirement benefits was $54 mil- lion, $45 million, and $35 million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. At December 31, 2003, the Company’s accrued benefit cost for post- retirement benefits other than pensions was $290 million ($284 million at December 31, 2002). In addition, at December 31, 2003, the Company’s consolidated pension benefit obligation and accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation were $11,875 million and $454 million, respectively ($11,243 million and $444 million at December 31, 2002). In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”) was signed into law in the United States. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to the Medicare benefit. The 2003 post-retirement benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost disclosed above do not reflect the effects of the Act. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the Act on its health care benefit plans and its financial statements. Specific authorita- tive guidance on the accounting for the federal subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require a change in previously reported information. Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, the change in the net deferred income tax asset or liability is included in the computation of net income. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. As a result, a projection of taxable income is required for those years, as well as an assumption of the ultimate recovery/settle- ment period for temporary differences. The projection of future taxable income is based on management’s best estimate and may vary from actual taxable income. On an annual basis, the Company assesses its need to establish a valuation allowance for its deferred income tax assets and if it is deemed more likely than not that its deferred income tax assets will not be realized based on its taxable income projections a valuation allowance is recorded. As at December 31, 2003, the Company expects that its deferred income tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and therefore, has not set up a valuation allowance. In addition, Canadian and U.S. tax rules and regulations are subject to interpretation and require judgment by the Company that may be chal- lenged by the taxation authorities. The Company believes that its provi- sions for income taxes are adequate pertaining to any assessments from the taxation authorities. The Company’s deferred income tax asset is mainly composed of temporary differences related to accruals for workforce reductions, per- sonal injury and other claims, environmental and other post-retirement benefits, and losses and tax credit carryforwards. The majority of these accruals will be paid out over the next five years. The Company’s deferred income tax liability is mainly composed of temporary differences related to properties, including purchase accounting adjustments. Estimating the ultimate settlement period, given that depreciation rates in effect are based on information as it develops, requires judgment and manage- ment’s best estimates. The reversal of temporary differences is expected at future-enacted income tax rates which could change due to fiscal budget changes and/or changes in income tax laws. As a result, a change in the timing and/or the income tax rate at which the components will reverse, could materially affect deferred income tax expense as recorded in the Company’s results of operations. A one-percentage-point change in the Company’s reported effective income tax rate would have the effect of changing the income tax expense by $15 million in 2003. In the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company recorded an increase of $81 million to its net deferred income tax liability resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2003, a deferred income tax expense of $79 million and $2 million was recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income and the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, respectively. In 2001, the Company recorded a reduction of $90 million to its net deferred income tax liability resulting from the enactment of lower corporate tax rates in Canada and accordingly, recorded a deferred income tax recovery of $122 million in the Consolidated Statement of Income and a deferred income tax expense of $32 million in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded total income tax expense of $517 million ($384 million in 2002 and $380 million in 2001) of which $411 million was for deferred income taxes ($272 million in 2002 and $295 million in 2001). The Company’s net deferred income tax liability at December 31, 2003 was $4,425 mil- lion ($4,704 million at December 31, 2002). U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 45 ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 5/3/04 14:15 Page 46 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Business risks Certain information included in this report may be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the outlook, the actual results or performance of the Company or the rail industry to be materially different from any future results or performance implied by such statements. Such factors include the factors set forth below as well as other risks detailed from time to time in reports filed by the Company with securities regulators in Canada and the United States. Competition The Company faces significant competition from a variety of carriers, including Canadian Pacific Railway Company (CP) which operates the other major rail system in Canada, serving most of the same industrial and population centers as the Company, long distance trucking compa- nies and, in many markets, major U.S. railroads and other Canadian and U.S. railroads. Competition is generally based on the quality and reliabil- ity of services provided, price, and the condition and suitability of carri- ers’ equipment. Competition is particularly intense in eastern Canada where an extensive highway network and population centers, located relatively close to one another, have encouraged significant competition from trucking companies. In addition, much of the freight carried by the Company consists of commodity goods that are available from other sources in competitive markets. Factors affecting the competitive position of suppliers of these commodities, including exchange rates, could mate- rially adversely affect the demand for goods supplied by the sources served by the Company and, therefore, the Company’s volumes, revenues and profit margins. To a greater degree than other rail carriers, the Company’s sub- sidiary, Illinois Central Railroad Company (ICRR), is vulnerable to barge competition because its main routes are parallel to the Mississippi River system. The use of barges for some commodities, particularly coal and grain, often represents a lower cost mode of transportation. Barge com- petition and barge rates are affected by navigational interruptions from ice, floods and droughts, which can cause widely fluctuating barge rates. The ability of ICRR to maintain its market share of the available freight has traditionally been affected by the navigational conditions on the river. The significant consolidation of rail systems in the United States has resulted in larger rail systems that are able to offer seamless services in larger market areas and accordingly, effectively compete with the Company in certain markets. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete effectively against current and future competitors in the railroad industry and that further consolidation within the railroad industry will not adversely affect the Company’s competitive position. No assurance can be given that competitive pressures will not lead to reduced revenues, profit margins or both. air; discharges into waters; the generation, handling, storage, transporta- tion, treatment and disposal of waste, hazardous substances and other materials; decommissioning of underground and aboveground storage tanks; and soil and groundwater contamination. A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean-up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and present ownership, operation or control of real property. While the Company believes that it has identified the costs likely to be incurred in the next several years, based on known information, for environmental matters, the Company’s ongoing efforts to identify potential environmental concerns that may be associated with its proper- ties may lead to future environmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. In the operation of a railroad, it is possible that derailments, explo- sions or other accidents may occur that could cause harm to human health or to the environment. As a result, the Company may incur costs in the future, which may be material, to address any such harm, includ- ing costs relating to the performance of clean-ups, natural resource damages and compensatory or punitive damages relating to harm to individuals or property. The ultimate cost of known contaminated sites cannot be definitely established, and the estimated environmental liability for any given site may vary depending on the nature and extent of the contamination, the available clean-up technique, the Company’s share of the costs and evolving regulatory standards governing environmental liability. Also, additional contaminated sites yet unknown may be discovered or future operations may result in accidental releases. For these reasons, there can be no assurance that material liabilities or costs related to environmental matters will not be incurred in the future, or will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of opera- tions in a particular quarter or fiscal year, or that the Company’s liquidity will not be adversely impacted by such environmental liabilities or costs. Personal injury and other claims In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occupational disease and damage to property. The Company maintains provisions for such items, which it considers to be adequate for all of its outstanding or pending claims. The final outcome with respect to actions outstanding or pending at December 31, 2003, or with respect to future claims, cannot be predicted with certainty, and therefore there can be no assurance that their resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year. Environmental matters The Company’s operations are subject to numerous federal, provincial, state, municipal and local environmental laws and regulations in Canada and the United States concerning, among other things, emissions into the Labor negotiations Canadian workforce Labor agreements covering approximately 97% of the Company’s Canadian unionized workforce expired on December 31, 2003. As of January 2004, the Company has successfully negotiated three tentative 46 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 47 Management’s Discussion and Analysis collective agreements with the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) union covering the Company’s shopcraft forces, clerical workers and intermodal yard employees. The agreements are retroactive to January 1, 2004 and are subject to ratification by approximately 5,000 CAW members. The Company is currently undergoing discussions with all its remaining trade unions whose agreements also expired on December 31, 2003. Under the terms of the Canada Labour Code (the governing legislation), no legal strikes or lockouts are possible before a union obtains a majority by secret ballot and proper notification of at least seventy-two hours notice is given to the other party. The Company is optimistic that it will be able to have all its collective agreements renewed and ratified without any major disruptions. However, there can be no assurance that there will not be any strikes or lockouts or that the resolution of these collective bargaining negotiations will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. U.S. workforce The general approach to labor negotiations by U.S. Class 1 railroads is to bargain on a collective national basis. Grand Trunk Western (GTW), Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific (DWP), ICRR, CCP Holdings, Inc. (CCP) and WC, have bargained on a local basis rather than holding national, industry wide negotiations because it results in agreements that better address both the employees’ concerns and preferences, and the railways’ actual operating environment. However, local negotiations may not generate federal intervention in a strike or lockout situation, since a dispute may be localized. The Company believes the potential mutual benefits of local bargaining outweigh the risks. As of January 2004, the Company had in place agreements with bargaining units representing the entire unionized workforce at ICRR, GTW, DWP, and CCP, and over 60% of the unionized workforce at WC. These agreements have various moratorium provisions, ranging from the end of 2001 to the end of 2005, which preserve the status quo in respect of given areas during the terms of such moratoriums. Several of these agreements are currently under renegotiation and several will open for negotiation in 2004. Negotiations are ongoing with the bargaining units with which the Company does not have agreements or settlements. Until new agree- ments are reached or the processes of the Railway Labor Act have been exhausted, the terms and conditions of existing agreements or policies continue to apply. Although the Company does not anticipate work action related to these negotiations while they are ongoing, there can be no assurance that there will not be any such work action and that the resolution of these negotiations will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Regulation The Company’s rail operations in Canada are subject to regulation as to (i) rate setting and network rationalization by the Canadian Transportation Agency (the Agency) under the Canada Transportation Act (Canada) (the CTA), and (ii) safety by the federal Minister of Transport under the Railway Safety Act (Canada) and certain other statutes. The Company’s U.S. rail operations are subject to regulation by the Surface Transportation Board (STB) (the successor to the Interstate Commerce Commission) and the Federal Railroad Administration. As such, various Company business transactions must gain prior regulatory approval, with attendant risks and uncertainties. The Company is also subject to a vari- ety of health, safety, security, labor, environmental and other regulations, all of which can affect its competitive position and profitability. The CTA Review Panel, which was appointed by the federal govern- ment to carry out a comprehensive review of the Canadian transporta- tion legislation, issued its report to the Minister of Transport at the end of June 2001. The report was released to the public on July 18, 2001 and contains numerous recommendations for legislative changes affecting all modes of transportation, including rail. On February 25, 2003, the Canadian Minister of Transport released its consultation document Straight Ahead – A Vision for Transportation in Canada and tabled in the House of Commons Bill C-26 entitled An Act to Amend the Canada Transportation Act and the Railway Safety Act, to enact the VIA Rail Canada Act and to make consequential amendments to other Acts. Bill C-26 died on the Order Paper (was terminated) when Parliament was prorogued on November 12, 2003. No assurance can be given that any future legislative action by the federal government pursuant to the report’s recommendations and the consultation document, or other future governmental initiatives will not materially adversely affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company is subject to new statutory and regulatory directives in the United States addressing homeland security concerns. These include new border security arrangements, pursuant to an agreement the Company and CP entered into with the U.S. Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA), requiring advance notice of manifest information of U.S.-bound traffic and cargo screening (including gamma ray and radiation screen- ing), as well as U.S. government imposed restrictions on the transporta- tion into the United States of certain commodities. In the fourth quarter of 2003, the CBP issued regulations to extend advance notification requirements to all modes of transportation and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration promulgated interim final rules requiring advance notifi- cation by all modes for certain food imports into the United States. The Company has also worked with the Association of American Railroads to develop and put in place an extensive industry-wide security plan. While the Company will continue to work closely with the CCRA, CBP, and other U.S. agencies, as above, no assurance can be given that future decisions by the U.S. government on homeland security matters, or joint decisions by the industry in response to threats to the North American rail network, will not materially adversely affect the Company’s opera- tions, or its competitive and financial position. In October 2002, the Company became the first North American rail- road to gain membership in the U.S. Customs Service’s Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT). C-TPAT is a joint government- business initiative designed to build cooperative relationships that strengthen overall supply chain and border security regarding goods exported to the U.S. The Company is also designated as a low-risk carrier under the Customs Self-Assessment (CSA) program, a new CCRA pro- gram designed to expedite the cross-border movement of goods of CSA- accredited importing companies for goods imported into Canada. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 47 ANG_29-49 MDA_USA_R5 20/02/04 7:58 PM Page 48 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Financial instruments The Company has limited involvement with derivative financial instru- ments and does not use them for trading purposes. Collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk is usually not obtained. While the Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk in the event of non-performance, the credit standing of counterparties or their guarantors is regularly monitored, and losses due to counterparty non-performance are not anticipated. To mitigate the effects of fuel price changes on its operating margins and overall profitability, the Company has a systematic hedging program which calls for regularly entering into swap positions on crude and heat- ing oil to cover a target percentage of future fuel consumption up to two years in advance. At December 31, 2003, the Company had hedged approximately 52% of the estimated 2004 fuel consumption, repre- senting approximately 196 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.63 per U.S. gallon, and 25% of the estimated 2005 fuel consump- tion, representing approximately 95 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.66 per U.S. gallon. Realized gains and losses from the Company’s fuel hedging activi- ties were a $49 million gain, a $3 million gain and a $6 million loss for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. At December 31, 2003, Accumulated other comprehensive income included an unrealized gain of $38 million, $26 million after tax ($30 million unrealized gain, $20 million after tax at December 31, 2002), of which $33 million relates to derivative instruments that will mature within the next year. Business prospects and other risks In any given year, the Company, like other railroads, is susceptible to changes in the economic conditions of the industries and geographic areas that produce and consume the freight it transports or the supplies it requires to operate. In addition, many of the goods and commodities carried by the Company experience cyclicality in demand. Many of the bulk commodities the Company transports move offshore and are impacted more by global rather than North American economic condi- tions. The Company’s results of operations can be expected to reflect these conditions because of the significant fixed costs inherent in rail- road operations. Global, as well as North American trade conditions, including trade barriers on certain commodities, may interfere with the free circulation of goods across Canada and the United States. Potential terrorist actions can have a direct or indirect impact on the transportation infrastructure, including railway infrastructure in North America, and interfere with the free flow of goods. International conflicts can also have an impact on the Company’s markets. Although the Company conducts its business and receives revenues primarily in Canadian dollars, a growing portion of its revenues, expenses, assets and debt are denominated in U.S. dollars. Thus, the Company’s results are affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between these currencies. Based on the Company’s current operations, the estimated annual impact on net income of a one-cent change in the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar is approximately $8 million. Changes in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and other currencies (including the U.S. dollar) make the goods transported by the Company more or less competitive in the world marketplace and thereby affect the Company’s revenues and expenses. Should a major economic slowdown or recession occur in North America or other key markets, or should major industrial restructuring take place, the volume of rail shipments carried by the Company is likely to be adversely affected. In addition to the inherent risks of the business cycle, the Company’s operations are occasionally susceptible to severe weather conditions. For example, in the first quarter of 1998, a severe ice storm hit eastern Canada, which disrupted operations and service for the railroad as well as for CN customers. More recently, severe drought conditions in western Canada significantly reduced bulk commodity revenues, principally grain. Generally accepted accounting principles require the use of historical cost as the basis of reporting in financial statements. As a result, the cumulative effect of inflation, which has significantly increased asset replacement costs for capital-intensive companies such as CN, is not reflected in operating expenses. Depreciation charges on an inflation- adjusted basis, assuming that all operating assets are replaced at current price levels, would be substantially greater than historically reported amounts. Selected quarterly and annual financial data Selected quarterly financial data for the eight most recently completed quarters and selected annual financial data for each of the three years ending December 31, 2003 is disclosed in Note 23 to the Company’s 2003 Consolidated Financial Statements. Controls and procedures The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of December 31, 2003, have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective and designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries would have been made known to them. During the fourth quarter ending December 31, 2003, there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materi- ally affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Additional information, including the Company’s Annual Information Form and Form 40-F, may be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml, respectively. Montreal, Canada January 27, 2004 48 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_029-049 MDA_USA_R5 5/3/04 16:38 Page 49 Management Report Auditors’ Report The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Canadian National Railway Company and all information in this annual report are the responsibility of management and have been approved by the Board of Directors. The financial statements have been prepared by management in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. These statements include some amounts that are based on best estimates and judgments. Financial information used elsewhere in the annual report is consistent with these financial statements. Management of the Company, in furtherance of the integrity and objectivity of data in the financial statements, has developed and main- tains a system of internal accounting controls and supports an extensive program of internal audits. Management believes that this system of inter- nal accounting controls provides reasonable assurance that financial records are reliable and form a proper basis for preparation of financial statements, and that assets are properly accounted for and safeguarded. The Board of Directors carries out its responsibility for the financial statements in this report principally through its Audit, Finance and Risk Committee, consisting solely of outside directors. The Audit, Finance and Risk Committee reviews the Company’s consolidated financial state- ments and annual report and recommends their approval by the Board of Directors. Also, the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee meets regularly with the Chief, Internal Audit, and with the shareholders’ auditors. These consolidated financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, who have been appointed as the sole auditors of the Company by the shareholders. To the Board of Directors of Canadian National Railway Company We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Canadian National Railway Company as at December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the consoli- dated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in share- holders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian and United States generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant esti- mates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. On January 27, 2004, we reported separately to the shareholders of the Company on consolidated financial statements for the same period, prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. (signed) Claude Mongeau Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer January 27, 2004 (signed) KPMG LLP Chartered Accountants Montreal, Canada January 27, 2004 (signed) Serge Pharand Vice-President and Corporate Comptroller January 27, 2004 U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 49 ANG_050-054 Stmts_USA_R2 5/3/04 14:21 Page 50 Consolidated Statement of Income In millions, except per share data Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Revenues Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items Total revenues Operating expenses Labor and fringe benefits (Note 14) Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization (Note 2) Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other (Note 2) Total operating expenses Operating income Interest expense (Note 15) Other income (Note 16) Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Income tax expense (Note 17) Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy (net of applicable taxes) (Note 2) Net income Basic earnings per share (Note 19) Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income Diluted earnings per share (Note 19) Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income $1,058 527 1,284 261 938 1,101 525 190 5,884 1,698 703 554 469 293 390 4,107 1,777 (315) 21 1,483 (517) 966 48 $1,014 $÷5.05 $÷5.30 $÷4.99 $÷5.23 $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 6,110 1,837 778 584 459 346 637 4,641 1,469 (361) 76 1,184 (384) 800 – $÷«923 458 1,088 338 1,161 969 520 195 5,652 1,624 692 532 484 309 329 3,970 1,682 (327) 65 1,420 (380) 1,040 – $÷«800 $1,040 $÷4.07 $÷4.07 $÷3.97 $÷3.97 $÷5.41 $÷5.41 $÷5.23 $÷5.23 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 50 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_050-054 Stmts_USA_R2 27/2/04 19:19 Page 51 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income In millions Net income Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 22) : Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on translation of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt designated as a hedge of the net investment in U.S. subsidiaries Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on translation of the net investment in foreign operations Reclassification adjustment for loss realized in income on investment in 360networks Inc. Unrealized holding gain (loss) on fuel derivative instruments (Note 21) Minimum pension liability adjustment (Note 13) Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes Income tax (expense) recovery on other comprehensive income (loss) Other comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive income $1,014 $800 $1,040 754 (1,101) – 8 7 (332) 106 (226) $÷«788 51 (40) – 68 (20) 59 (20) 39 (202) 308 (129) (38) (17) (78) (15) (93) $839 $«««947 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. U.S. GAAP U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 51 51 ANG_050-054 Stmts_USA_R2 5/3/04 14:28 Page 52 Consolidated Balance Sheet In millions Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable (Note 4) Material and supplies Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Other Properties (Note 5) Other assets and deferred charges (Note 6) Total assets Liabilities and shareholders’ equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued charges (Note 8) Current portion of long-term debt (Note 10) Other Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Other liabilities and deferred credits (Note 9) Long-term debt (Note 10) Shareholders’ equity: Common shares (Note 11) Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 22) Retained earnings Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity Subsequent events (Note 24) On behalf of the Board: David G.A. McLean Director December 31, 2003 2002 $÷«÷130 529 120 125 223 1,127 18,305 905 $20,337 $÷1,366 483 73 1,922 4,550 1,258 4,175 4,664 (129) 3,897 8,432 $÷«÷««25 722 127 122 196 1,192 19,681 865 $21,738 $÷1,487 574 73 2,134 4,826 1,406 5,003 4,785 97 3,487 8,369 $20,337 $21,738 E. Hunter Harrison Director See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 52 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_050-054 Stmts_USA_R2 5/3/04 14:28 Page 53 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity In millions Balances December 31, 2000 Net income Stock options exercised (Notes 11, 12) Other comprehensive loss (Note 22) Dividends ($0.78 per share) Balances December 31, 2001 Net income Stock options exercised (Notes 11, 12) Conversion of convertible preferred securities (Note 11) Share repurchase program (Note 11) Other comprehensive income (Note 22) Dividends ($0.86 per share) Balances December 31, 2002 Net income Stock options exercised and other (Notes 11, 12) Share repurchase program (Note 11) Other comprehensive loss (Note 22) Dividends ($1.00 per share) Balances December 31, 2003 Issued and outstanding common shares 190.6 – 2.1 – – 192.7 – 1.8 6.0 (3.0) – – 197.5 – 1.9 (10.0) – – Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) $÷«151 – – (93) – 58 – – – – 39 – 97 – – – (226) – Common shares $«4,349 – 93 – – 4,442 – 75 340 (72) – – 4,785 – 122 (243) – – Retained earnings $«2,098 1,040 – – (150) 2,988 800 – – (131) – (170) 3,487 1,014 – (413) – (191) Total shareholders’ equity $«6,598 1,040 93 (93) (150) 7,488 800 75 340 (203) 39 (170) 8,369 1,014 122 (656) (226) (191) 189.4 $4,664 $«(129) $3,897 $8,432 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. U.S. GAAP U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 53 53 ) ) ANG_050-054 Stmts_USA_R2 5/3/04 14:28 Page 54 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows In millions Operating activities Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities: $÷1,014 $÷÷800 $«1,040 Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy (Note 2) Depreciation and amortization Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Charge to increase U.S. personal injury and other claims liability (Note 2) Workforce reduction charges (Note 14) Equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (Note 16) Gain on sale of investment (Note 16) Write-down of investment (Note 16) Other changes in: Accounts receivable Material and supplies Accounts payable and accrued charges Other net current assets and liabilities Other Cash provided from operating activities Investing activities Net additions to properties Acquisition of Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (Note 3) Other, net Cash used by investing activities Dividends paid Financing activities Issuance of long-term debt Reduction of long-term debt Issuance of common shares (Note 11) Repurchase of common shares (Note 11) Cash provided from (used by) financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year Supplemental cash flow information Payments for: Interest (Note 15) Workforce reductions (Note 9) Personal injury and other claims (Note 20) Pensions (Note 13) Income taxes (Note 17) See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 54 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP (48) 560 411 – – (17) – – 153 (3) (96) (29) 31 – 591 272 281 120 (33) – – (80) – (154) (18) (167) – 538 295 – 98 (8) (101) 99 199 11 (385) (27) (138) 1,976 1,612 1,621 (1,043) – (32) (1,075) (191) 4,109 (4,141) 83 (656) (605) 105 25 (938) – 14 (924) (170) 3,146 (3,558) 69 (203) (546) (28) 53 (941) (1,278) 46 (2,173) (150) 4,015 (3,336) 61 – 740 38 15 $«««««130 $««««««25 $««««««53 $÷«÷325 155 126 88 86 $÷÷398 177 156 92 65 $÷÷322 169 149 69 63 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:29 Page 55 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Canadian National Railway Company (CN or the Company), directly and through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the rail transportation business. CN spans Canada and mid-America, from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to the Gulf of Mexico, serving the ports of Vancouver, Prince Rupert, B.C., Montreal, Halifax, New Orleans and Mobile, Alabama, and the key cities of Toronto, Buffalo, Chicago, Detroit, Duluth, Minnesota/Superior, Wisconsin, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Memphis, St. Louis and Jackson, Mississippi, with connections to all points in North America. CN’s revenues are derived from the movement of a diversified and balanced portfolio of goods, including petroleum and chemicals, grain and fertilizers, coal, metals and minerals, forest products, intermodal and automotive. 1 Summary of significant accounting policies These consolidated financial statements are expressed in Canadian dol- lars, except where otherwise indicated, and have been prepared in accor- dance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period, the reported amounts of assets and lia- bilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, including those related to personal injury and other claims, environmental matters, depreciation lives, pensions and other post- retirement benefits, and income taxes, based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A. Principles of consolidation These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries, including Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (WC) for which the Company acquired control and consolidated effective October 9, 2001. The Company’s investments in which it has significant influence are accounted for using the equity method and all other invest- ments are accounted for using the cost method. B. Revenues Freight revenues are recognized on services performed by the Company, based on the percentage of completed service method. Costs associated with movements are recognized as the service is performed. C. Foreign exchange All of the Company’s United States (U.S.) operations are self-sustaining foreign entities with the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The Company also has an equity investment in an international affiliate based in the United Kingdom with the British pound as its functional currency. Accordingly, the U.S. operations’ assets and liabilities and the Company’s foreign equity investment are translated into Canadian dol- lars at the rate in effect at the balance sheet date and the revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. All adjustments resulting from the translation of the foreign operations are recorded in other comprehensive income (Note 22). The Company designates the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt of the parent company as a foreign exchange hedge of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries. Accordingly, unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses, from the dates of designation, on the translation of the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt are also included in other comprehensive income. D. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments purchased three months or less from maturity and are stated at cost, which approx- imates market value. E. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable are recorded at cost net of the provision for doubtful accounts that is based on expected collectibility. Any gains or losses on the sale of accounts receivable are calculated by comparing the carrying amount of the accounts receivable sold to the total of the cash proceeds on sale and the fair value of the retained interest in such receivables on the date of transfer. Fair values are determined on a discounted cash flow basis. Costs related to the sale of accounts receivable are recog- nized in earnings in the period incurred. F. Material and supplies Inventory is valued at weighted-average cost for ties, rails, fuel and new materials in stores, and at estimated utility or sales value for usable secondhand, obsolete and scrap materials. G. Properties Railroad properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation including asset impairment write-downs. Labor, materials and other costs associated with the installation of rail, ties, ballast and other track improvements are capitalized to the extent they meet the Company’s minimum threshold for capitalization. Included in property additions are the costs of developing computer software for internal use. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, retired or dis- posed of in the normal course of business is charged to accumulated depreciation, in accordance with the group method of depreciation. The Company reviews the carrying amounts of properties held and used whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such carrying amounts may not be recoverable based on future undiscounted cash flows. Assets that are deemed impaired as a result of such review are recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair value. Assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell. Losses resulting from significant line sales are recognized in income when the asset meets the criteria for classification as held for sale whereas losses resulting from abandon- ment are recognized in income when the asset ceases to be used. Gains are recognized in income when they are realized. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 55 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:29 Page 56 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) H. Depreciation The cost of properties, including those under capital leases, net of asset impairment write-downs, is depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows: Asset class Track and roadway Rolling stock Buildings Other Annual rate 2% 3% 6% 4% The Company follows the group method of depreciation and as such conducts comprehensive depreciation studies on a periodic basis to assess the reasonableness of the lives of properties based upon current information and historical activities. Changes in estimated useful lives are accounted for prospectively. I. Pensions Pension costs are determined using actuarial methods. Net periodic benefit cost is charged to income and includes: (i) the cost of pension benefits provided in exchange for employees’ services rendered during the year, (ii) the interest cost of pension obligations, (iii) the amortization of the initial net transition obligation on a straight- line basis over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, (iv) the amortization of prior service costs and amendments over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, (v) the expected long-term return on pension fund assets, and (vi) the amortization of cumulative unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of, the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets, over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans. The pension plans are funded through contributions determined in accordance with the projected unit credit actuarial cost method. J. Post-retirement benefits other than pensions The Company accrues the cost of post-retirement benefits other than pensions using actuarial methods. These benefits, which are funded by the Company as they become due, include life insurance programs, medical benefits, supplemental pension allowances and free rail travel benefits. The Company amortizes the cumulative unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of the projected benefit obligation at the beginning of the year, over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans. K. Personal injury claims In Canada, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work- related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, including compensation, health care and administration costs. In the U.S., the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. A liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is also accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. L. Environmental expenditures Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed unless they relate to an improvement to the property. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which are not expected to contribute to current or future operations are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are likely, and when the costs, based on a specific plan of action in terms of the technology to be used and the extent of the corrective action required, can be reasonably estimated. M. Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, the change in the net deferred tax asset or liability is included in the computation of net income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. N. Derivative financial instruments The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the management of its fuel exposure, and may use them from time to time, in the manage- ment of its interest rate and foreign currency exposures. Derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and the changes in fair value are recorded in earnings or other comprehensive income depending on the nature and effectiveness of the hedge trans- action. Income and expense related to hedged derivative financial instruments are recorded in the same category as that generated by the underlying asset or liability. O. Stock-based compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the fair value based approach. The Company prospectively applied this method of accounting to all stock option awards granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2003, as explained in Note 2 – Accounting changes. Prior to 2003, compensation cost was recorded for the intrinsic value of the Company’s performance-based awards and no compensation cost was recognized for the Company’s conventional stock option awards, in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB) 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations. 56 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:29 Page 57 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements If compensation cost had been determined based upon fair values at the date of grant for awards under all plans, the Company’s pro forma net income and earnings per share would have been as follows: Had the Company applied this accounting policy retroactively to all prior periods presented, pro forma net income and earnings per share would have been as follows: Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 $1,014 $«800 $1,040 Net income, as reported (in millions) Effect of SFAS No. 143 Pro forma net income (in millions) Basic earnings per share, as reported Basic earnings per share, pro forma Diluted earnings per share, as reported – 9 (45) – 19 (28) $«764 $1,031 Diluted earnings per share, pro forma Net income, as reported (in millions) Add (deduct) compensation cost, net of applicable taxes, determined under: Fair value method for all awards granted after Jan. 1, 2003 (SFAS No. 123) Intrinsic value method for performance- based awards (APB 25) Fair value method for all awards (SFAS No. 123) Pro forma net income (in millions) Basic earnings per share, as reported Basic earnings per share, pro forma Diluted earnings per share, as reported Diluted earnings per share, pro forma 10 13 (53) $«÷984 $÷5.30 $÷5.15 $÷5.23 $÷5.08 $4.07 $3.88 $3.97 $3.80 $÷5.41 $÷5.37 $÷5.23 $÷5.19 $«800 $1,040 6 5 $«806 $1,045 $4.07 $4.10 $3.97 $4.00 $÷5.41 $÷5.44 $÷5.23 $÷5.26 Stock-based compensation Effective January 1, 2003, the Company voluntarily adopted the fair value based approach of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock- Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure.” The Company elected to prospectively apply this method of accounting to all stock option awards granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2003, as permitted by SFAS No. 148. Prior to 2003, the Company accounted for stock-based compensation in accordance with APB 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations. Accordingly, compensation cost was recorded for the intrinsic value of the Company’s performance-based awards and no compensation cost was recognized for the Company’s conventional stock option awards. In 2003, the Company granted 2.0 million stock options, which will be expensed over their vesting period based on their estimated fair value on the date of grant, determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded compensation cost of $23 million, of which $10 million ($0.05 per basic and diluted share) was related to the change in policy. For the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, the Company recorded compen- sation cost of $9 million and $19 million, respectively. 2002 U.S. personal injury and other claims In the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company changed its methodology for estimating its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims, including occupational disease claims and claims for property damage, from a case-by-case approach to an actuarial-based approach. Consequently, for the year ended December 31, 2002, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 million after tax) to increase its provision for these claims. Under the actuarial-based approach, the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Compensation cost related to stock option awards under the fair value based approach was calculated using the Black-Scholes option- pricing model with the following assumptions: Year ended December 31, 2003 Expected option life (years) Risk-free interest rate Expected stock price volatility Average dividend per share 5.0 4.12% 30% $÷1.00 2002 7.0 5.79% 30% $÷0.86 2001 7.0 5.36% 30% $÷0.78 Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Weighted average fair value of options granted $17.82 $30.98 $13.79 2 Accounting changes 2003 Asset retirement obligations Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the recommendations of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations.” SFAS No. 143 requires that the fair value of an asset retire- ment obligation be recorded as a liability only when there is a legal obligation associated with a removal activity. The Company has concluded that no legal obligation exists for its various removal programs. In accor- dance with SFAS No. 143, the Company changed its accounting policy for certain track structure assets to exclude removal costs as a component of depreciation expense where the inclusion of such costs would result in accumulated depreciation balances exceeding the historical cost basis of the assets. As a result, a cumulative benefit of $75 million, or $48 mil- lion after tax, was recorded for the amount of removal costs accrued in accumulated depreciation on certain track structure assets at January 1, 2003. This change in policy will result in lower depreciation expense and higher labor and fringe benefits and other expenses in the period in which removal costs are incurred. For the year ended December 31, 2003, this change in policy resulted in an increase to net income of $2 million ($0.01 per basic and diluted share). U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 57 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:29 Page 58 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2 Accounting changes (continued) Under the case-by-case approach, a liability was recorded only when the expected loss was both probable and reasonably estimable based on currently available information. In addition, the Company did not record a liability for unasserted claims, as such amounts could not be reason- ably estimated under the case-by-case approach. In 2002, the Company’s U.S. personal injury and other claims expense, including the above-mentioned charge, was $362 million. Had the Company continued to apply the case-by-case approach to its U.S. personal injury and other claims liability, recognizing the effects of the actual claims experience for existing and new claims in the fourth quarter, these expenses would have been approximately $135 million in 2002. 2001 Depreciation In 2001, the Company conducted a comprehensive depreciation study for its Canadian properties to assess the reasonableness of the depre- ciable lives of properties based on current and historical information. The study revealed that estimated depreciable lives for certain asset types had increased, and therefore, those asset lives were extended prospectively. As a result, depreciation and amortization expense was reduced by $44 million ($28 million after tax) in 2001. Derivative financial instruments On January 1, 2001, the Company adopted SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended by SFAS No. 138, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities.” These statements require that all derivative instru- ments be recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value. Changes in fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in current earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether or not a derivative is designated as part of a hedge transaction and, if so, the type of hedge transaction. The initial adoption of these statements on January 1, 2001 resulted in the recognition of an unrealized loss of $17 million ($11 mil- lion after tax) in other comprehensive income. Of that amount, $8 million ($5 million after tax) was recognized in earnings during 2001. The adop- tion of these statements did not have a material impact on net income for 2001 since prior to its adoption, the Company had already deferred and amortized gains and losses in its results of operations. Income and expense related to the hedged derivative financial instruments were recorded in the same category as that generated by the underlying asset or liability. 3 Acquisitions BC Rail In November 2003, the Company entered into an agreement with British Columbia Railway Company, a corporation owned by the Government of the Province of British Columbia (Province), to acquire all the issued and outstanding shares of BC Rail Ltd. and all the partnership units of BC Rail Partnership (collectively BC Rail), and the right to operate over BC Rail’s roadbed under a long-term lease, for a purchase price of $1 billion payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire the industrial freight railway business and operations, including equipment, contracts, and available tax attributes relating to the business, but excluding the roadbed itself, which is to be retained by the Province and leased back to BC Rail for an original term of 60 years with an option to renew for an additional 30 years. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to, among other things, approval under the Competition Act (Canada). On December 2, 2003, the Legislature of British Columbia passed legislation to amend the British Columbia Railway Act and other applicable laws as was required to authorize and permit the consummation of the transaction. The Company anticipates that the Competition Bureau will have completed its review and that the proposed transaction will close in the second quarter of 2004. Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s Railroads and Related Holdings In October 2003, the Company, through an indirect wholly owned sub- sidiary, entered into an agreement for the acquisition of Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s (GLT) railroads and related holdings for a purchase price of U.S.$380 million payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire two Class II railroads, a Class III switching railroad, and a non-railroad company owning a fleet of eight vessels. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to the Company having obtained from the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB) a final, unappealable decision that approves the acquisition or exempts it from regulation and does not impose on the parties conditions that would significantly and adversely affect the anticipated economic benefits of the acquisition to the Company. The Company’s acquisition of the fleet of vessels is also subject to reviews by the U.S. Maritime Administration and Coast Guard, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice Antitrust Division. On December 1, 2003, the STB ruled that the proposed GLT transac- tion would be considered as a minor transaction for regulatory review purposes. The Company anticipates all regulatory rulings, including a final STB ruling on the proposed transaction, in the second quarter of 2004. If the proposed BC Rail and GLT transactions are completed, the Company will account for them using the purchase method of accounting as required by SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Under this method, the Company will prepare its financial statements reflecting the allocation of the pur- chase price to acquire BC Rail and GLT’s railroads and related holdings, based on the relative fair values of their assets and liabilities. The results of operations of the Company will reflect the effects of the acquisitions as of the date of acquisition. Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC for an acquisition cost of $1,301 million (U.S.$833 million) and accounted for the merger using the purchase method of accounting. As such, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabili- ties and results of operations of WC as of October 9, 2001, the date of acquisition. The acquisition was financed by debt and cash on hand. 58 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:30 Page 59 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4 Accounts receivable In millions Freight Trade Accrued Non-freight Provision for doubtful accounts December 31, 2003 2002 $252 55 277 584 (55) $529 $321 150 310 781 (59) $722 In June 2003, the Company renewed its accounts receivable securiti- zation program for a term of three years, to June 2006. Under the terms of the renewal, the Company may sell, on a revolving basis, a maximum of $450 million of eligible freight trade and other receivables outstand- ing at any point in time, to an unrelated trust. The Company has a con- tingent residual interest of approximately 10% of receivables sold, which is recorded in Other current assets. The Company has retained the responsibility for servicing, administering and collecting freight receiv- ables sold. Other income included $9 million in both 2003 and 2002, and $10 million in 2001 for costs related to the agreement, which fluctuate with changes in prevailing interest rates. At December 31, 2003, pursuant to the agreement, $448 million had been sold compared to $350 million at December 31, 2002. 5 Properties In millions Track, roadway and land Rolling stock Buildings Other Capital leases included in properties December 31, 2003 Accumulated depreciation $6,122 1,498 918 500 $9,038 $÷«274 Cost $20,613 3,942 1,867 921 $27,343 $÷1,383 Net $14,491 2,444 949 421 $18,305 $÷1,109 December 31, 2002 Accumulated depreciation $6,265 1,506 880 508 $9,159 $÷«233 Cost $22,048 4,057 1,819 916 $28,840 $÷1,351 Net $15,783 2,551 939 408 $19,681 $÷1,118 The Company’s properties under capital lease are primarily for locomotives, freight cars and intermodal equipment. 6 Other assets and deferred charges In millions December 31, Prepaid benefit cost (Note 13) Investments Deferred receivables Unamortized debt issue costs Other Investment in Tranz Rail Holdings Limited (Tranz Rail) and Australian Transport Network Limited (ATN) In 2002, the Company sold its interests in Tranz Rail and ATN for aggre- gate net proceeds of $69 million, which approximated the carrying value of the investments. Prior to the sale, the Company had accounted for these investments as “available for sale” in accordance with the FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 87-11, “Allocation of Purchase Price to Assets to be Sold.” 2003 $411 367 69 35 23 2002 $353 380 88 41 3 $905 $865 Investments As at December 31, 2003, the Company had $356 million ($368 million at December 31, 2002) of investments accounted for under the equity method and $11 million ($12 million at December 31, 2002) of invest- ments accounted for under the cost method. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) As at December 31, 2003, the Company owned approximately 40% of EWS, a company which provides most of the rail freight services in Great Britain and operates freight trains through the English Channel tunnel, and accounted for this investment using the equity method. At December 31, 2003, the excess of the Company’s share of the book value of EWS’ net assets over the carrying value of the investment is not significant. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) 7 Credit facility The Company has a U.S.$1,000 million three-year revolving credit facility expiring in 2005. The credit facility provides for borrowings at various interest rates, including the Canadian prime rate, bankers’ acceptance rates, the U.S. federal funds effective rate and the London Interbank Offer Rate, plus applicable margins. The credit facility agreement contains customary financial covenants, based on U.S. GAAP, including limitations on debt as a percentage of total capitalization and mainte- nance of tangible net worth above pre-defined levels. The Company has been consistently in compliance with these financial covenants. The Company’s borrowings of U.S.$90 million (Cdn$142 million) outstanding at December 31, 2002 were entirely repaid in the first quarter of 2003. At December 31, 2003, the Company had borrowings under its revolving credit facility of U.S.$180 million (Cdn$233 million) at an average inter- est rate of 1.49%. As at December 31, 2003, letters of credit under the revolving credit facility amounted to $319 million. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 59 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 60 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7 Credit facility (continued) B. Post-retirement benefits other than pensions The Company’s commercial paper program is backed by its revolving (i) Change in benefit obligation credit facility. As at December 31, 2003, the Company did not have any outstanding commercial paper compared to U.S.$136 million (Cdn$214 million) as at December 31, 2002. 8 Accounts payable and accrued charges In millions Trade payables Income and other taxes Payroll-related accruals Accrued charges Accrued interest Personal injury and other claims provision Workforce reduction provisions Accrued operating leases Other December 31, 2003 2002 $÷«444 $÷«436 270 205 131 94 93 89 12 28 251 235 113 104 136 168 18 26 In millions Year ended December 31, Benefit obligation at beginning of year Amendments Actuarial loss Interest cost Service cost Foreign currency changes Benefits paid Benefit obligation at end of year (ii) Funded status In millions Unfunded benefit obligation at end of year Unrecognized net actuarial loss Unrecognized prior service cost December 31, $1,366 $1,487 Accrued benefit cost for post-retirement benefits other than pensions 2003 $444 8 33 26 14 (49) (22) 2002 $309 18 101 23 13 (1) (19) $454 $444 2003 $«454 (130) (34) 2002 $«444 (122) (38) $«290 $«284 9 Other liabilities and deferred credits (iii) Components of net periodic benefit cost Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 In millions December 31, 2003 2002 Personal injury and other claims provision, net of current portion $÷«497 $÷«528 In millions Interest cost Service cost Workforce reduction provisions, net of current portion (A) Accrual for post-retirement benefits other than pensions (B) Environmental reserve, net of current portion Deferred credits and other 136 290 62 273 253 284 81 260 Amortization of prior service cost Recognized net actuarial loss Net periodic benefit cost $1,258 $1,406 (iv) Weighted-average assumptions $26 14 6 8 $54 $23 13 5 4 $45 $19 11 3 2 $35 A. Workforce reduction provisions (Note 14) The workforce reduction provisions, which cover employees in both Canada and the United States, are mainly comprised of payments related to severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement, the majority of which will be disbursed within the next three years. Payments have reduced the provisions by $155 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 ($177 million for the year ended December 31, 2002). As at December 31, 2003, the aggregate provisions, including the current portion, amounted to $225 million ($421 million as at December 31, 2002). December 31, 2003 2002 2001 To determine benefit obligation Discount rate Rate of compensation increase To determine net periodic benefit cost Discount rate Rate of compensation increase 6.00% 3.75% 6.65% 4.00% 6.65% 4.00% 6.97% 4.00% 6.97% 4.00% 6.95% 4.25% (v) For measurement purposes, increases in the per capita cost of cov- ered health care benefits were assumed to be 16% for 2004 and 17% for 2003. It is assumed that the rate will decrease gradually to 8% in 2012 and remain at that level thereafter. 60 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 61 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements A one-percentage-point change in the assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effect: In millions Effect on total service and interest costs Effect on benefit obligation One-percentage-point Increase Decrease $÷3 30 $÷(2) (25) cost presented above do not reflect the effects of the Act. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the Act on its health care benefit plans and its financial statements. Specific authoritative guidance on the accounting for the federal subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require a change in previously reported information. (vi) The estimated future benefit payments for each of the next five years and the subsequent five-year period are as follows: In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”) was signed into law in the United States. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to the Medicare benefit. The 2003 benefit obligation and net periodic benefit In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Years 2009 to 2013 $÷24 25 26 27 28 150 10 Long-term debt In millions Debentures and notes: (A) Canadian National series: 7.00% 10-year notes 6.45% Puttable Reset Securities (PURS) (B) 6.38% 10-year notes (C) 4.40% 10-year notes (C) 6.80% 20-year notes (C) 7.63% 30-year debentures 6.90% 30-year notes (C) 7.38% 30-year debentures (C) 6.63% 10-year notes Illinois Central series: 7.75% 10-year notes 6.98% 12-year notes 6.63% 10-year notes 5.00% 99-year income debentures 7.70% 100-year debentures 6.75% 10-year notes Wisconsin Central series: 6.63% 10-year notes Total debentures and notes Other: Revolving credit facility (A) (Note 7) Commercial paper (D) (Note 7) Capital lease obligations and other (E) Total other Subtotal Less: Current portion of long-term debt Net unamortized discount Currency in which payable Maturity December 31, 2002 2003 Mar. 15, 2004 July 15, 2006 Oct. 15, 2011 Mar. 15, 2013 July 15, 2018 May 15, 2023 July 15, 2028 Oct. 15, 2031 May 15, 2003 May 1, 2005 July 12, 2007 June 9, 2008 Dec. 1, 2056 Sep. 15, 2096 May 15, 2003 U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ April 15, 2008 U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ Various $÷«344 $÷«419 324 518 518 259 194 615 259 – 129 65 26 10 162 – 194 3,617 233 – 822 1,055 4,672 483 14 497 394 631 – 315 236 749 315 236 158 79 32 12 197 158 236 4,167 142 214 1,068 1,424 5,591 574 14 588 $4,175 $5,003 U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 61 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 62 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 10 Long-term debt (continued) 11 Capital stock and convertible preferred securities A. The Company’s debentures, notes and revolving credit facility are unsecured. B. The PURS contain imbedded simultaneous put and call options at par. At the time of issuance, the Company sold the option to call the securities on July 15, 2006 (the reset date). If the call option is exercised, the imbedded put option is automatically triggered, resulting in the redemption of the original PURS. The call option holder will then have the right to remarket the securities at a new coupon rate for an addi- tional 30-year term ending July 15, 2036. The new coupon rate will be determined according to a pre-set mechanism based on market condi- tions then prevailing. If the call option is not exercised, the put option is deemed to have been exercised, resulting in the redemption of the PURS on July 15, 2006. C. These debt securities are redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, at any time, at the greater of par and a formula price based on interest rates prevailing at the time of redemption. D. The Company has a commercial paper program, which is backed by its revolving credit facility, enabling it to issue commercial paper up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $800 million, or the U.S. dollar equivalent. Commercial paper debt is due within one year but is classified as long-term debt, reflecting the Company’s intent and contractual ability to refinance the short-term borrowing through subsequent issuances of commercial paper or drawing down on the revolving credit facility. E. Interest rates for the capital leases range from approximately 1.9% to 11.9% with maturity dates in the years 2004 through 2025. The imputed interest on these leases amounted to $395 million as at December 31, 2003, and $498 million as at December 31, 2002. The capital lease obligations are secured by properties with a net carrying amount of $1,110 million as at December 31, 2003 and $1,136 million as at December 31, 2002. During 2003, the Company recorded $47 million in assets it acquired through the exercise of purchase options on existing leases and leases for new equipment ($114 million in 2002). An equivalent amount was recorded in debt. F. Long-term debt maturities, including repurchase arrangements and capital lease repayments on debt outstanding as at December 31, 2003 but excluding repayment of the revolving credit facility of $233 million, for the next five years and thereafter, are as follows: A. Authorized capital stock The authorized capital stock of the Company is as follows: • Unlimited number of Common Shares, without par value • Unlimited number of Class A Preferred Shares, without par value issuable in series • Unlimited number of Class B Preferred Shares, without par value issuable in series B. Issued and outstanding common shares During 2003, the Company issued 1.9 million shares (1.8 million shares in 2002 and 2.1 million shares in 2001) related to stock options exer- cised. The total number of common shares issued and outstanding was 189.4 million as at December 31, 2003. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) In 2002, the Company issued 6.0 million common shares related to the conversion of the Company’s convertible preferred securities. C. Convertible preferred securities (“Securities”) On May 6, 2002, the Company met the conditions required to terminate the Securities holders’ right to convert their Securities into common shares of the Company, and had set the conversion termination date as July 3, 2002. The conditions were met when the Company’s common share price exceeded 120% of the conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per share for a specified period, and all accrued interest on the Securities had been paid. On July 3, 2002, Securities that had not been previously surrendered for conversion were deemed converted, resulting in the issuance of 6.0 million common shares of the Company. In 1999, the Company had issued 4.6 million 5.25% Securities due on June 30, 2029, at U.S.$50 per Security. These Securities were subordi- nated securities convertible into common shares of CN at the option of the holder at an original conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per common share, representing an original conversion rate of 1.2995 common shares for each Security. D. Share repurchase program In 2002, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a share repur- chase program which allowed for the repurchase of up to 13.0 million common shares between October 25, 2002 and October 24, 2003 pur- suant to a normal course issuer bid, at prevailing market prices. In 2003, the Company repurchased 10.0 million common shares for $656 million, at an average price of $65.58 per share. The Company has completed its program, repurchasing 13.0 million common shares for $859 million, at an average price of $66.06 per share. In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 and thereafter G. The aggregate amount of debt payable in U.S. currency as at December 31, 2003 is U.S.$3,273 million (Cdn$4,236 million) and U.S.$3,164 million (Cdn$4,987 million) as at December 31, 2002. $÷«483 214 371 147 238 2,972 12 Stock plans The Company has various stock-based incentive plans for eligible employ- ees. A description of the Company’s major plans is provided below: A. Employee share plan The Company has an Employee Share Investment Plan (ESIP) giving eligible employees the opportunity to subscribe for up to 10% (6% prior to 2003) of their gross salaries to purchase shares of the Company’s 62 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 63 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements common stock on the open market and to have the Company invest, on the employees’ behalf, a further 35% of the amount invested by the employees, up to 6% of their gross salaries. Participation at December 31, 2003 was 8,894 employees (8,911 at December 31, 2002). The total number of ESIP shares purchased on behalf of employees, including the Company’s contributions, was 570,140 in 2003, 497,459 in 2002 and 516,726 in 2001, resulting in a pre-tax charge to income of $8 million, $9 million and $8 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. B. Mid-term incentive share unit plan The Company has a share unit plan, which was approved by the Board of Directors in 2001, for designated senior management employees enti- tling them to receive payout on June 30, 2004. The share units vest conditionally upon the attainment of targets relating to the Company’s share price during the six-month period end- ing June 30, 2004. At December 31, 2003, the total number of share units outstanding was 378,372 (419,900 at December 31, 2002), repre- senting a potential compensation cost at June 30, 2004, the award pay- out date, equal to the number of share units vested on June 30, 2004 multiplied by the Company’s share price on June 30, 2004. For the period ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded compensation cost of $7 million and no compensation cost was recorded for 2002 and 2001. At December 31, 2003, 86,628 share units (45,100 at December 31, 2002) remained authorized for future issuances under this plan. C. Stock options The Company has stock option plans for eligible employees to acquire common shares of the Company upon vesting at a price equal to the market value of the common shares at the date of granting. The options are exercisable during a period not exceeding 10 years. The right to exercise options generally accrues over a period of four years of continu- ous employment. Options are not generally exercisable during the first 12 months after the date of grant. At December 31, 2003, an additional 0.8 million common shares remained authorized for future issuances under these plans. Options issued by the Company include conventional options, which vest over a period of time, performance options, which vest upon the attainment of Company targets relating to the operating ratio and unlev- ered return on investment, and performance-accelerated options, which vest on the sixth anniversary of the grant or prior if certain Company tar- gets relating to return on investment and revenues are attained. The total conventional, performance, and performance-accelerated options outstanding at December 31, 2003 were 7.5 million, 1.3 million and 2.0 million, respectively. Changes in the Company’s stock options are as follows: Outstanding at December 31, 2000 (1) Conversion of WC options Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2001 (1)(2) Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2002 (1)(2) Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2003 (1)(2) Weighted- average exercise price Number of options In millions 8.9 1.0 2.4 (0.3) (2.1) 9.9 3.2 (0.2) (1.8) 11.1 2.0 (0.4) (1.9) 10.8 $34.95 $58.63 $50.65 $46.01 $30.43 $43.62 $76.78 $56.98 $39.16 $53.50 $61.42 $67.67 $39.90 $55.74 (1) Includes IC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. (2) Includes WC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Stock options outstanding and exercisable as at December 31, 2003 were as follows: Range of exercise prices $13.50–$23.72 $25.75–$35.01 $35.21–$49.45 $50.02–$69.77 $72.03 and above Balance at December 31, 2003 (1) Options outstanding Options exercisable Number of options In millions 0.2 1.5 2.1 4.0 3.0 10.8 Weighted- average years to expiration Weighted- average exercise price 2 5 5 8 8 7 $21.64 $33.98 $43.91 $56.14 $76.79 $55.74 Weighted- average exercise price Number of options In millions 0.2 1.1 2.1 0.9 0.7 5.0 $21.64 $33.57 $43.91 $50.98 $76.83 $47.09 (1) Includes IC and WC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, the Company had 4.9 million and 4.5 million options exercisable at a weighted-average exercise price of $44.01 and $41.86, respectively. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 63 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 64 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 12 Stock plans (continued) Compensation cost for awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2003 was determined using the fair value based approach in accordance with SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure,” as explained in Note 2 – Accounting changes. Prior to 2003, compensation cost was recorded for the intrinsic value of the Company’s performance-based stock option awards and no compensation cost was recognized for the Company’s conventional stock option awards, in accordance with APB 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations. Compensation cost recognized for stock option awards was $16 million, $9 million and $19 million in 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Disclosures required under the fair value mea- surement and recognition method for awards under all plans, as pre- scribed by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” are presented in Note 1 – Summary of significant accounting policies. Institute of Actuaries for the valuation of pension plans. The latest actu- arial valuation of the Pension Plan was conducted as at December 31, 2002 and indicated a funding excess. Total contributions for all of the Company’s pension plans are expected to be approximately $93 million in each of 2004, 2005 and 2006 based on the plans’ current position. All of the Company’s contributions are expected to be in the form of cash. Description of fund assets The assets of the Pension Plan are accounted for separately in the CN Pension Trust Funds and consist of cash and short-term investments, bonds, mortgages, Canadian and foreign equities, real estate, and oil and gas assets. The assets of the Pension Plan have a fair market value of $11,573 million as at December 31, 2003 ($11,069 million at December 31, 2002). The Pension Plan’s target percentage allocation and weighted- average asset allocations as at December 31, 2003 and 2002, by asset category are as follows: Target December 31, 13 Pensions The Company has retirement benefit plans under which substantially all of its employees are entitled to benefits at retirement age, generally based on compensation and length of service and/or contributions. The information in the tables that follow pertains to all such plans. However, the following descriptions relate solely to the Company’s main pension plan, the CN Pension Plan (the Pension Plan), unless otherwise specified. The Company’s other pension plans are not significant. Description of Pension Plan The Pension Plan is a contributory defined benefit pension plan that covers the majority of CN employees. It provides for pensions based mainly on years of service and final average pensionable earnings and is generally applicable from the first day of employment. Indexation of pensions is provided after retirement through a gain (loss) sharing mech- anism, subject to guaranteed minimum increases. An independent trust company is the Trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds (CN Pension Trust Funds). As Trustee, the trust company performs certain duties, which include holding legal title to the assets of the CN Pension Trust Funds and ensuring that the Company, as Administrator, complies with the provisions of the Pension Plan and the related legisla- tion. The Company utilizes a measurement date of December 31 for the Pension Plan. Plan assets by category Allocation Equity securities Debt securities Real estate Other 53% 40% 4% 3% 100% 2003 56% 38% 3% 3% 100% 2002 53% 41% 3% 3% 100% The Company follows a disciplined investment strategy, which limits concentration of investments by asset class, foreign currency, sector or company. The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors has approved an investment policy that establishes long-term asset mix targets based on a review of historical returns achieved by worldwide investment markets. Investment managers may deviate from these targets but their performance is evaluated in relation to the market performance of the target mix. The Company does not anticipate the return on plan assets to fluctuate materially from related capital market indices. The Investment Committee reviews investments regularly with specific approval required for major investments in illiquid securities. The policy also permits the use of derivative financial instruments to implement asset mix decisions or to hedge existing or anticipated expo- sures. The Pension Plan does not invest in the securities of the Company or its subsidiaries. Assumptions Weighted-average assumptions Funding policy Employee contributions to the Pension Plan are determined by the plan rules. Company contributions are in accordance with the requirements of the Government of Canada legislation, The Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985, and are determined by actuarial valuations conducted at least on a triennial basis. These valuations are made in accordance with leg- islative requirements and with the recommendations of the Canadian To determine benefit obligation Discount rate Rate of compensation increase To determine net periodic benefit cost Discount rate Rate of compensation increase Expected return on plan assets 6.00% 3.75% 6.50% 4.00% 8.00% 6.50% 4.00% 6.50% 4.00% 6.50% 4.00% 9.00% 6.50% 4.25% 9.00% December 31, 2003 2002 2001 64 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 65 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements To develop its expected long-term rate of return assumption used (e) Additional information in the calculation of net periodic benefit cost (income) applicable to the market-related value of assets, the Company considers both its past experience and future estimates of long-term investment returns, the expected composition of the plans’ assets as well as the expected long- term market returns in the future. The Company has elected to use a market-related value of assets, whereby realized and unrealized gains/losses and appreciation/depreciation in the value of the invest- ments are recognized over a period of five years, while investment income is recognized immediately. Information about the Company’s defined benefit pension plans (a) Change in benefit obligation In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Adjustment to minimum pension liability as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) $7 $(20) $(17) The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $11,256 million and $10,847 million at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the pension plan with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets were $103 mil- lion, $98 million, and $74 million, respectively, as at December 31, 2003, and $116 million, $112 million, and $77 million, respectively, as at December 31, 2002. In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 (f) Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) Benefit obligation at beginning of year $11,243 $11,156 In millions Year ended December 31, 712 478 94 60 (21) (691) 714 (92) 99 61 (1) (694) $11,875 $11,243 Service cost Interest cost Amortization of net transition obligation Amortization of prior service cost Expected return on plan assets Recognized net actuarial loss Net periodic benefit cost (income) 2003 $÷«94 712 19 20 (819) 2 $÷«28 2002 $÷«99 714 20 20 (874) 1 2001 $÷«92 701 20 20 (846) – $÷(20) $÷(13) Interest cost Actuarial (gain) loss Service cost Plan participants’ contributions Foreign currency changes Benefit payments and transfers Benefit obligation at end of year (b) Change in plan assets In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $11,182 $11,763 Employer contributions Plan participants’ contributions Foreign currency changes Actual return on plan assets Benefit payments and transfers 86 60 (15) 1,049 (691) 92 61 (1) (39) (694) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $11,671 $11,182 December 31, 2003 2002 (c) Funded status In millions Deficiency of fair value of plan assets over benefit obligation at end of year (1) Unrecognized net actuarial loss (1) Unrecognized net transition obligation Unrecognized prior service cost Net amount recognized (1) Subject to future reduction for gain sharing under the terms of the plan. (d) Amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet In millions December 31, Prepaid benefit cost (Note 6) Additional minimum pension liability Intangible asset Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 22) Net amount recognized 2003 $411 (30) – 30 $411 $(204) 522 – 93 $«411 $«(61) 282 19 113 $353 2002 $353 (38) 1 37 $353 (g) Estimated future benefit payments The estimated future benefit payments for each of the next five years and the subsequent five-year period are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Years 2009 to 2013 $÷«725 743 762 780 800 4,000 14 Workforce reduction charges In 2002, the Company announced 1,146 job reductions in a renewed drive to improve productivity in all its corporate and operating functions, and recorded a charge of $120 million, $79 million after tax. In 2001, a charge of $98 million, $62 million after tax, was recorded for the reduc- tion of 690 positions. Reductions relating to these charges were 388 in 2001, 433 in 2002, with the remainder completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridg- ing to early retirement, to be made to affected employees. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 65 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 66 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 15 Interest expense In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 In millions Year ended December 31, Interest on debt and capital leases Interest income Cash interest payments 16 Other income In millions Year ended December 31, Gain on disposal of properties Equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (Note 6) Investment income Foreign exchange gain (loss) Gain on sale of interest in Detroit River Tunnel Company (A) Write-down of investment in 360networks Inc. (Note 22) Net real estate costs Other 2003 $316 (1) $315 $325 2003 $«56 17 1 (3) – – (19) (31) $«21 2002 $361 – $361 $398 2002 $«41 33 18 12 – – (15) (13) $«76 2001 $329 (2) $327 $322 2001 $«53 8 22 7 101 (99) (20) (7) $«65 A. In March 2001, the Company completed the sale of its 50 percent interest in the Detroit River Tunnel Company (DRT) for proceeds of $112 million and recorded a gain of $101 million, $73 million after tax. The DRT is a 1.6 mile rail-only tunnel crossing the Canada-U.S. border between Detroit and Windsor, Ontario. 17 Income taxes The Company’s consolidated effective income tax rate differs from the statutory Federal tax rate. The reconciliation of income tax expense is as follows: In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Federal tax rate Income tax expense at the statutory Federal tax rate Income tax (expense) recovery resulting from: Provincial and other taxes Deferred income tax adjustments due to rate enactments Gain on disposals and dividends Adjustments to prior years’ income taxes (1) Other Income tax expense 24.1% 26.1% 28.1% $««(358) $««(309) $««(399) (199) (140) (178) (79) 11 44 64 – 6 – 59 122 18 – 57 $««(517) $««(384) $««(380) (1) Adjustments relating mainly to the resolution of matters pertaining to prior years’ income taxes. Income before income taxes (1) Canada U.S. Current income taxes Canada U.S. Deferred income taxes Canada U.S. Cash payments for income taxes (1) Before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy. $1,322 161 $1,483 $÷÷(94) (12) $÷(106) $÷(377) (34) $÷(411) $÷÷«86 $1,101 $1,153 83 267 $1,184 $1,420 $÷(130) $÷÷(99) 18 14 $÷(112) $÷÷(85) $÷(221) $÷(173) (51) (122) $÷(272) $÷(295) $÷÷«65 $÷÷«63 Significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows: In millions Deferred income tax assets Workforce reduction provisions Accruals and other reserves Post-retirement benefits Losses and tax credit carryforwards Deferred income tax liabilities Prepaid benefit cost for pensions Properties and other December 31, 2003 2002 $÷÷«81 $÷«144 254 106 81 522 147 4,800 4,947 276 99 69 588 126 5,166 5,292 Total net deferred income tax liability $4,425 $4,704 Total net deferred income tax liability Canada U.S. Total net deferred income tax liability Net current deferred income tax asset Long-term deferred income tax liability $1,527 2,898 $4,425 $4,425 125 $4,550 $1,285 3,419 $4,704 $4,704 122 $4,826 It is more likely than not that the Company will realize its deferred income tax assets from the generation of future taxable income, as the payments for provisions, reserves and accruals are made and losses and tax credit carryforwards are utilized. At December 31, 2003, the Company had $187 million of operating loss carryforwards available to reduce the future taxable income of its U.S. operations, expiring between 2010 and 2023. The Company recognized tax credits of $15 million in 2003 for research and development expenditures ($9 million in 2002 for research and development expenditures and $35 million in 2001 for investment tax credits) not previously recognized, which reduced the cost of properties. 66 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 67 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 18 Segmented information 20 Major commitments and contingencies The Company operates in one business segment with operations in Canada and the United States. Information on geographic areas In millions Revenues Canadian rail U.S. rail In millions Properties Canadian rail U.S. rail Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 $3,707 2,177 $5,884 $3,726 2,384 $6,110 $3,675 1,977 $5,652 December 31, 2003 2002 $÷8,934 9,371 $18,305 $÷8,528 11,153 $19,681 19 Earnings per share Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Basic earnings per share Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income Diluted earnings per share Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income $5.05 0.25 $5.30 $4.99 0.24 $5.23 $4.07 $5.41 – – $4.07 $5.41 $3.97 $5.23 – – $3.97 $5.23 The following table provides a reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share: Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 In millions Net income Income impact on assumed conversion of preferred securities (Note 11) Weighted-average shares outstanding Effect of dilutive securities and stock options Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding $1,014 $÷«800 $1,040 – $1,014 191.2 2.6 193.8 6 12 $÷«806 $1,052 196.7 6.1 202.8 192.1 8.9 201.0 For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, the weighted- average number of stock options that were not included in the calcula- tion of diluted earnings per share, as their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive impact, was 4.0 million and 3.2 million, respectively. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) A. Leases The Company has lease commitments for locomotives, freight cars and intermodal equipment, many of which provide the option to purchase the leased items at fixed values during or at the end of the lease term. As at December 31, 2003, the Company’s commitments under operating and capital leases were $874 million and $1,141 million, respectively. Minimum lease payments in each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 and thereafter Less: imputed interest on capital leases at rates ranging from approximately 1.9% to 11.9% Present value of minimum lease payments at current rate included in debt Operating Capital $181 $÷«155 147 127 111 79 229 107 75 117 41 646 $874 1,141 395 $÷«746 Rent expense for operating leases was $230 million, $269 million and $258 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Contingent rentals and sublease rentals were not significant. B. Other commitments As at December 31, 2003, the Company had commitments to acquire railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment at an aggregate cost of $211 million. Furthermore, as at December 31, 2003, the Company had outstanding information technology service contracts of $21 million and agreements with fuel suppliers to purchase approxi- mately 34% of its anticipated 2004 volume and 12% of its anticipated 2005 volume at market prices prevailing on the date of the purchase. C. Contingencies In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occupational disease and damage to property. In Canada, employee injuries are governed by the workers’ compen- sation legislation in each province whereby employees may be awarded either a lump sum or future stream of payments depending on the nature and severity of the injury. Accordingly, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work-related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, including compensation, health care and administration costs. For all other legal actions, the Company maintains, and regularly updates on a case-by-case basis, provisions for such items when the expected loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated based on currently available information. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 67 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 68 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 20 Major commitments and contingencies (continued) In the United States, employee work-related injuries, including occupational disease claims, are compensated according to the provi- sions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA), which requires either the finding of fault through the U.S. jury system or individual settlements, and represent a major expense for the railroad industry. The Company follows an actuarial-based approach and accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. In 2003, the Company’s expenses for personal injury and other claims, net of recoveries, were $127 million ($393 million in 2002 and $78 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $126 million ($156 million in 2002 and $149 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate reserves for personal injury and other claims of $590 million ($664 million at December 31, 2002). Although the Company considers such provisions to be adequate for all its outstanding and pending claims, the final outcome with respect to actions outstanding or pending at December 31, 2003, or with respect to future claims, cannot be predicted with certainty, and therefore there can be no assurance that their resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year. D. Environmental matters The Company’s operations are subject to federal, provincial, state, munic- ipal and local regulations under environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other things, emissions into the air; discharges into waters; the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste, hazardous substances, and other materials; decommis- sioning of underground and aboveground storage tanks; and soil and groundwater contamination. A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean- up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and present ownership, operation or control of real property. While the Company believes that it has identified the costs likely to be incurred in the next several years, based on known information, for environmental matters, the Company’s ongoing efforts to identify poten- tial environmental concerns that may be associated with its properties may lead to future environmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. The mag- nitude of such additional liabilities and the costs of complying with environmental laws and containing or remediating contamination cannot be reasonably estimated due to: (i) (ii) the lack of specific technical information available with respect to many sites; the absence of any government authority, third-party orders, or claims with respect to particular sites; (iii) the potential for new or changed laws and regulations and for development of new remediation technologies and uncertainty regarding the timing of the work with respect to particular sites; (iv) the ability to recover costs from any third parties with respect to particular sites; and therefore, the likelihood of any such costs being incurred or whether such costs would be material to the Company cannot be determined at this time. There can thus be no assurance that material liabilities or costs related to environmental matters will not be incurred in the future, or will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial posi- tion or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year, or that the Company’s liquidity will not be adversely impacted by such environ- mental liabilities or costs. Although the effect on operating results and liquidity cannot be reasonably estimated, management believes, based on current information, that environmental matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or competi- tive position. Costs related to any future remediation will be accrued in the year in which they become known. In 2003, the Company’s expenses relating to environmental matters, net of recoveries, were $6 million ($6 million in 2002 and $7 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $12 million ($16 million in 2002 and $14 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate accruals for environmental costs of $83 mil- lion ($106 million as at December 31, 2002). The Company anticipates that the majority of the liability at December 31, 2003 will be paid out over the next five years. In addition, related environmental capital expenditures were $23 million in 2003 and $19 million in both 2002 and 2001. The Company expects to incur capital expenditures relating to environmental matters of approximately $14 million in 2004, $12 million in 2005 and $10 million in 2006. E. Guarantees Effective January 1, 2003, the Company is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing certain guaran- tees on the date the guarantee is issued or modified. Where the Company expects to make a payment in respect of a guarantee, a liability will be recognized to the extent that one has not yet been recognized. 68 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 69 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Guarantee of residual values of operating leases The Company has guaranteed a portion of the residual values of certain of its assets under operating leases with expiry dates between 2006 and 2012, for the benefit of the lessor. If the fair value of the assets, at the end of their respective lease term, is less than the fair value, as esti- mated at the inception of the lease, then the Company must, under cer- tain conditions, compensate the lessor for the shortfall. At December 31, 2003, the maximum exposure in respect of these guarantees was $78 million. In 2003, the Company issued guarantees for which the carrying value at December 31, 2003 was $2 million. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had not recorded any additional liability associated with these guarantees, as the Company does not expect to make any pay- ments pertaining to the guarantees of these leases. There are no recourse provisions to recover any amounts from third parties. Other guarantees The Company, including certain of its subsidiaries, has granted irrevocable standby letters of credit and surety bonds, issued by highly rated financial institutions, to third parties to indemnify them in the event the Company does not perform its contractual obligations. As at December 31, 2003, the maximum potential liability under these guarantees was $411 million of which $334 million was for workers’ compensation and other employee benefits and $77 million was for equipment under leases and other. During 2003, the Company granted guarantees for which no liability has been recorded, as they relate to the Company’s future performance. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had not recorded any addi- tional liability with respect to these guarantees, as the Company does not expect to make any additional payments associated with these guar- antees. The guarantee instruments mature at various dates between 2004 and 2007. F. Indemnifications CN Pension Plan and CN 1935 Pension Plan The Company has indemnified and held harmless the current trustee and the former trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds, and the respective officers, directors, employees and agents of such trustees, from any and all taxes, claims, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses arising out of the performance of their obligations under the relevant trust agreements and trust deeds, including in respect of their reliance on authorized instructions of the Company or for failing to act in the absence of authorized instructions. These indemnifications survive the termination of such agreements or trust deeds. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had not recorded a liability associated with these indemnifications, as the Company does not expect to make any payments pertaining to these indemnifications. General indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company has provided indemnifica- tions, customary for the type of transaction or for the railway business, in various agreements with third parties, including indemnification provi- sions where the Company would be required to indemnify third parties and others. Indemnifications are found in various types of contracts with third parties which include, but are not limited to, (a) contracts granting the Company the right to use or enter upon property owned by third parties such as leases, easements, trackage rights and sidetrack agree- ments; (b) contracts granting rights to others to use the Company’s property, such as leases, licenses and easements; (c) contracts for the sale of assets and securitization of accounts receivable; (d) contracts for the acquisition of services; (e) financing agreements; (f) trust indentures, fiscal agency agreements, underwriting agreements or similar agree- ments relating to debt or equity securities of the Company and engage- ment agreements with financial advisors; (g) transfer agent and registrar agreements in respect of the Company’s securities; (h) trust agreements establishing trust funds to secure the payment to certain officers and senior employees of special retirement compensation arrangements or plans; (i) master agreements with financial institutions governing deriva- tive transactions; and (j) settlement agreements with insurance compa- nies or other third parties whereby such insurer or third party has been indemnified for any present or future claims relating to insurance poli- cies, incidents or events covered by the settlement agreements. To the extent of any actual claims under these agreements, the Company main- tains provisions for such items, which it considers to be adequate. Due to the nature of the indemnification clauses, the maximum exposure for future payments may be material. However, such exposure cannot be determined with certainty. In 2003, the Company entered into various indemnification contracts with third parties for which the maximum exposure for future payments cannot be determined with certainty. As a result, the Company was unable to determine the fair value of the guarantees and accordingly, no liability was recorded. There are no recourse provisions to recover any amounts from third parties. 21 Financial instruments A. Risk management The Company has limited involvement with derivative financial instru- ments in the management of its fuel, foreign currency and interest rate exposures, and does not use them for trading purposes. (i) Credit risk In the normal course of business, the Company monitors the financial condition of its customers and reviews the credit history of each new customer. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-perfor- mance by counterparties to its derivative financial instruments. Although collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk is usually not obtained, counterparties are of high credit qual- ity and their credit standing or that of their guarantor is regularly moni- tored. As a result, losses due to counterparty non-performance are not anticipated. The total risk associated with the Company’s counterparties was immaterial at December 31, 2003. The Company believes there are no significant concentrations of credit risk. U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 69 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 70 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 21 Financial instruments (continued) (ii) Fuel To mitigate the effects of fuel price changes on its operating margins and overall profitability, the Company has a systematic hedging program which calls for regularly entering into swap positions on crude and heat- ing oil to cover a target percentage of future fuel consumption up to two years in advance. At December 31, 2003, the Company had hedged approximately 52% of the estimated 2004 fuel consumption, represent- ing approximately 196 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.63 per U.S. gallon, and 25% of the estimated 2005 fuel consump- tion, representing approximately 95 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.66 per U.S. gallon. The changes in the fair value of the swap positions are highly corre- lated to changes in the price of fuel and therefore, these fuel hedges are being accounted for as cash flow hedges, whereby the effective portion of the cumulative change in the market value of the derivative instruments has been recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income. The amounts in Accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified into income upon the ultimate consumption of the hedged fuel. To the extent that the cumulative change in the fair value of the swap positions does not offset the cumulative change in the price of fuel, the ineffective portion of the hedge will be recognized into income immediately. In the event that the fuel hedge is discontinued and the forecasted purchase of fuel is not expected to occur, the amount in Accumulated other com- prehensive income would be reclassified into income immediately. Realized gains and losses from the Company’s fuel hedging activi- ties, which are recorded in fuel expense, were a $49 million gain, a $3 million gain, and a $6 million loss for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. At December 31, 2003, Accumulated other comprehensive income included an unrealized gain of $38 million, $26 million after tax ($30 mil- lion unrealized gain, $20 million after tax at December 31, 2002), of which $33 million relates to derivative instruments that will mature within the next year. The Company did not recognize any material gains or losses in 2003, 2002 and 2001 due to hedge ineffectiveness as the Company’s derivative instruments have been highly effective in hedging the changes in cash flows associated with forecasted purchases of diesel fuel. (iii) Foreign currency Although the Company conducts its business and receives revenues pri- marily in Canadian dollars, a growing portion of its revenues, expenses, assets and debt are denominated in U.S. dollars. Thus, the Company’s results are affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between these currencies. Changes in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and other currencies (including the U.S. dollar) make the goods trans- ported by the Company more or less competitive in the world market- place and thereby affect the Company’s revenues and expenses. For the purpose of minimizing volatility of earnings resulting from the conversion of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt into the Canadian dollar, the Company designates the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt of the parent company as a foreign exchange hedge of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries. As a result, from the dates of des- ignation, unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses on the translation of the Company’s U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income. (iv) Other The Company does not currently have any derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments. B. Fair value of financial instruments Generally accepted accounting principles define the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which the carrying amounts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet under the following captions: (i) Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, Other current assets, Accounts payable and accrued charges, and Other current liabilities: The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short matu- rity of these instruments. (ii) Other assets and deferred charges: Investments: The Company has various debt and equity investments for which the carrying value approximates the fair value, with the exception of a cost investment for which the fair value was estimated based on the Company’s proportionate share of its net assets. The Company also has an equity investment for which the fair value was estimated based on future discounted cash flows. (iii) Long-term debt: The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar debt instruments, as well as discounted cash flows using current interest rates for debt with similar terms, company rating, and remaining maturity. The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as at December 31, 2003 and 2002 for which the carrying values on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are different from their fair values: In millions December 31, 2003 December 31, 2002 Financial assets Investments Financial liabilities Long-term debt (including current portion) Carrying amount Fair value Carrying amount Fair value $÷«367 $÷«420 $÷«380 $÷«440 $4,658 $5,128 $5,577 $5,738 70 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 71 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 22 Other comprehensive income (loss) In millions A. Components of Other comprehensive income (loss) and the related tax effects are as follows: Year ended December 31, 2001 Before tax amount Income tax (expense) recovery Net of tax amount $(202) $÷«71 $(131) 308 (108) 200 (94) (25) (11) (32) 35 13 6 (32) (38) (17) – $÷(78) $÷(15) $÷(93) In millions Unrealized foreign exchange gain on translation of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt designated as a hedge of the net investment in U.S. subsidiaries Unrealized foreign exchange loss on translation of the net investment in foreign operations Unrealized holding gain on fuel derivative instruments (Note 21) Minimum pension liability adjustment (Note 13) Deferred income tax (DIT) rate enactment Year ended December 31, 2003 Before Income tax (expense) recovery tax amount Net of tax amount Unrealized foreign exchange loss on translation of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt designated as a hedge of the net investment in U.S. subsidiaries Unrealized foreign exchange gain on translation of the net investment in foreign operations Reclassification adjustment for loss realized in income on investment in 360networks Inc. (i) (129) $÷÷754 $(245) $«509 Unrealized holding loss on fuel derivative instruments (Note 21) (1,101) 358 (743) Minimum pension liability adjustment (Note 13) 8 7 – (2) (3) (2) 6 4 (2) DIT rate enactment Other comprehensive loss Other comprehensive loss $÷«(332) $«106 $(226) In millions Unrealized foreign exchange gain on translation of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt designated as a hedge of the net investment in U.S. subsidiaries Unrealized foreign exchange loss on translation of the net investment in foreign operations Unrealized holding gain on fuel derivative instruments (Note 21) Minimum pension liability adjustment (Note 13) Other comprehensive income Year ended December 31, 2002 Before tax amount Income tax (expense) recovery Net of tax amount $«51 (40) 68 (20) $«59 $(17) 13 (23) 7 $(20) $«34 (27) 45 (13) $«39 (i) In June 2001, the Company recorded a charge of $99 million, $71 mil- lion after tax, to write down 100% of its net investment in 360networks Inc. and subsequently sold all of its shares. Prior to the write-down, the Company accounted for its investment in 360networks Inc. in accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” The shares held were classified as “available-for-sale securities” whereby the investment was carried at market value on the balance sheet and the change in the value of the investment was recorded in other comprehensive income as an unrealized holding gain. As a result of the write-down, the Company eliminated all marked-to- market adjustments related to its investment in 360networks Inc., previ- ously recorded in other comprehensive income. B. Changes in the balances of each classification within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows: In millions Balance at January 1, 2001 Period change Balance at December 31, 2001 Period change Balance at December 31, 2002 Period change Balance at December 31, 2003 Foreign exchange – Net investment in foreign operations Foreign exchange – U.S.$ debt $«÷(90) $««147 (131) (221) 34 (187) 509 200 347 (27) 320 (743) Investment in 360networks Inc. (Note 22 A (i)) Holding gain (loss) on fuel derivative instruments Minimum pension liability adjustment Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) DIT rate enactment $÷««– $÷««– $÷««– $««151 $««94 (94) – – – – (25) (25) 45 20 6 (11) (11) (13) (24) 4 (32) (32) – (32) (2) (93) 58 39 97 (226) $(129) $«322 $(423) $÷«– $«26 $(20) $(34) U.S. GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 71 ANG_055-072 Notes_USA_R4 5/3/04 14:33 Page 72 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 23 Selected quarterly and annual financial data Quarterly financial data – unaudited In millions, except per share data Revenues Operating income Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Dividend declared per share Average share price 2003 First Second $1,496 $÷«374 $÷«252 $÷1.29 $÷1.28 $1,463 $÷«437 $÷«244 $÷1.28 $÷1.26 Third $1,413 $÷«454 $÷«294 $÷1.55 $÷1.53 Fourth $1,512 $÷«512 $÷«224 $÷1.18 $÷1.17 2002 First Second Third Fourth (1) $1,509 $÷«406 $÷«230 $÷1.19 $÷1.15 $1,551 $÷«490 $÷«280 $÷1.44 $÷1.39 $1,503 $÷«484 $÷«268 $÷1.34 $÷1.32 $1,547 $÷÷«89 $÷÷«22 $÷0.11 $÷0.11 $0.250 $0.250 $0.250 $0.250 $0.215 $0.215 $0.215 $0.215 $62.87 $67.55 $71.17 $77.22 $77.41 $76.91 $70.25 $65.74 (1) In the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 million after tax) to increase its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims and a charge for workforce reductions of $120 million ($79 million after tax). Annual financial data In millions, except per share data 2003 2002 2001 Financial results Revenues Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Dividend declared per share Financial position Total assets Total long-term financial liabilities Common shares Number of issued and outstanding common shares 24 Subsequent events $÷5,884 $÷1,014 $÷÷5.30 $÷÷5.23 $÷÷1.00 $20,337 $÷9,983 $÷4,664 $÷6,110 $÷÷«800 $÷÷4.07 $÷÷3.97 $÷5,652 $÷1,040 $÷÷5.41 $÷÷5.23 $÷÷0.86 $÷÷0.78 $21,738 $11,235 $21,223 $12,066 $÷4,785 $÷4,442 189.4 197.5 192.7 Common stock split On January 27, 2004, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a three-for-two common stock split which is to be effected in the form of a stock dividend of one-half additional common share of CN payable for each share outstanding on February 27, 2004, to shareholders of record on February 23, 2004. All equity-based benefit plans will be adjusted to reflect the issuance of additional shares or options due to the declaration of the stock split. All share and per share data for future periods will reflect the stock split. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) On January 6, 2004, EWS shareholders approved a plan to reduce the EWS share capital to enable cash to be returned to the shareholders. Under the plan, EWS is offering shareholders the ability to cancel a portion of their EWS shares. For each share cancelled, EWS shareholders will receive cash and 8% notes, due in 2009. Although the notes are due in five years, EWS has the right to redeem all or any part of the outstanding notes at their principal amount together with accrued but unpaid interest up to the date of repayment. The payout of cash and issuance of notes by EWS under the plan is expected in the first quarter of 2004. At December 31, 2003, CN owned 43.7 million shares, or approxi- mately 40% (approximately 37% on a fully diluted basis) of EWS. CN has elected to have the maximum allowable number of shares cancelled under the plan. As a result of the share cancellation plan, CN will receive £81.6 million (or approximately Cdn$188 million) from EWS, of which £23.9 million (or approximately Cdn$55 million) will be in the form of EWS notes. After the EWS share cancellation is complete, CN’s ownership of EWS will be approximately 31% on a fully diluted basis. 25 Comparative figures Certain figures, previously reported for 2002 and 2001, have been reclassified to conform with the basis of presentation adopted in the current year. 72 Canadian National Railway Company U.S. GAAP ANG_073-093 MDA_CDN_R4 2/21/04 10:15 AM Page 73 Financial Section (Canadian GAAP) Contents Canadian National Railway Company The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 74 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 93 Management Report Auditors’ Report 93 Consolidated Statement of Income 94 Consolidated Balance Sheet 95 Consolidated Statement of Changes in 96 Shareholders’ Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 97 118 119 120 120 121 122 123 General Review Trustee’s Report Actuary’s Report Auditors’ Report Consolidated Statement of Net Assets at Market Value Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets at Market Value Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1 Summary of significant accounting policies 2 Accounting changes 3 Acquisitions 4 Accounts receivable 5 Properties 6 Other assets and deferred charges 7 Credit facility 8 Accounts payable and accrued charges 9 Other liabilities and deferred credits 98 100 101 102 102 102 103 103 103 104 10 Long-term debt 105 11 Capital stock and convertible preferred securities 105 12 Stock plans 107 13 Pensions 108 14 Workforce reduction charges 108 15 Interest expense 109 16 Other income 109 17 Income taxes 110 18 Segmented information 110 19 Earnings per share 110 20 Major commitments and contingencies 113 21 Financial instruments 114 22 Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles 117 23 Selected quarterly and annual financial data 117 24 Subsequent events 117 25 Comparative figures Canadian GAAP Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company Canadian National Railway Company 73 73 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:04 PM Page 74 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) relates to the financial condition and results of operations of Canadian National Railway Company (CN) together with its wholly owned subsidiaries. As used herein, the word “Company” means, as the context requires, CN and its subsidiaries. CN’s common shares are listed on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges. Except where otherwise indicated, all financial information reflected herein is expressed in Canadian dollars and determined on the basis of Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (Canadian GAAP). The Company also prepares consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which are different in some respects from these financial statements, principally in the treatment of track replacement costs, expenditures relating to improvements of bridges and other structures and freight cars, deriv- ative instruments, stock-based compensation and convertible preferred securities. A reconciliation of the Canadian to U.S. GAAP financial statements is provided in Note 22 to the Company’s Canadian GAAP Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company’s objective is to provide meaningful and relevant information reflecting the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In certain instances, the Company may make reference to certain non-GAAP measures that, from management’s perspective, are useful measures of performance. In such instances, the reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s 2003 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Business Profile CN, directly and through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the rail trans- portation business. CN’s network of approximately 17,500 route miles of track spans Canada and mid-America, connecting three coasts: the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. CN’s revenues are derived from seven business units consisting of the movement of a diversified and balanced portfolio of goods which positions it well to face economic fluctuations and enhances its potential to grow revenues. In 2003, no individual business unit accounted for more than 22% of revenues. The sources of revenue also reflect a balanced mix of destinations. In 2003, 22% of revenues came from U.S. domestic traffic, 34% from transborder traffic, 25% from Canadian domestic traffic and 19% from overseas traffic. CN originates approximately 80% of traffic moving along its network. This allows the Company to both capitalize on service advantages and build on opportunities to efficiently use assets. Strategy CN is committed to creating value for both its customers and sharehold- ers. By providing quality and cost-effective service, CN seeks to create value for its customers, which solidifies existing customer relationships, while enabling it to pursue new ones. Sustainable financial performance is a critical element of shareholder value, which CN strives to achieve by pursuing revenue growth, steadily increasing profitability, a solid free cash flow and an adequate return on investment. CN’s business strategy is, and will continue to be, guided by its five core values: providing good service, controlling costs, focusing on asset utilization, commitment to safety and developing and recognizing employees. 2003 compared to 2002 – Adjusted performance measures The years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 included items impacting the comparability of the results of operations (see reconciliation of adjusted performance measures presented below). In 2003, the Company recorded a fourth quarter deferred income tax expense of $33 million resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. The year ended December 31, 2002 included fourth quarter charges of $281 million, or $173 million after tax, to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and $120 million, or $79 million after tax, for workforce reductions. Excluding these items, adjusted net income was $767 million ($4.01 per basic share or $3.96 per diluted share) in 2003 compared to adjusted net income of $805 million ($4.06 per basic share or $3.98 per diluted share) for 2002, a decrease of $38 million, or 5%. Operating income for 2003 decreased by $131 million, or 9%, compared to adjusted operating income of $1,499 million for 2002. The operating ratio for 2003 was 76.8% compared to the adjusted operating ratio of 75.5% in 2002, a 1.3-point increase. The decrease in adjusted net income and adjusted operating income, in 2003, was due to the significant year-over-year appreciation in the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar. This significant appreciation in the Canadian dollar impacted the conversion of the Company’s U.S. dollar denominated revenues and expenses and accordingly, reduced revenues, operating income and net income by approximately $380 mil- lion, $110 million and $55 million, respectively. This decrease in adjusted net income was partly offset by net deferred income tax recoveries of $44 million, in 2003, relating mainly to the resolution of matters pertain- ing to prior years’ income taxes. Financial Results 2003 compared to 2002 For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded consoli- dated net income of $734 million ($3.84 per basic share) compared to $553 million ($2.78 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2002. Diluted earnings per share were $3.79 for the current year com- pared to $2.73 in 2002. The Company’s operating income for 2003 was $1,368 million compared to $1,098 million in 2002, and its operating ratio, defined as operating expenses as a percentage of revenues, was 76.8% in 2003 compared to 82.0% in 2002 (see discussion on adjusted performance measures below). 74 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:04 PM Page 75 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Reconciliation of adjusted performance measures Management believes that non-GAAP measures such as adjusted net income and the resulting adjusted performance measures for such items as operating income, operating ratio and per share data are useful measures of performance that can facilitate period-to-period comparisons as they exclude items that do not arise as part of the normal day-to-day operations or that could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. The exclusion of specified items in the adjusted measures below does not imply that they are necessarily non-recurring. These adjusted measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and may, therefore, not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. $ in millions, except per share data, or unless otherwise indicated Year ended December 31, 2003 Rate Reported enactment Adjusted Reported 2002 Personal injury Workforce reductions charge Revenues Operating expenses Operating income Interest expense Other income Income before income taxes Income tax expense Net income Operating ratio Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share $«5,884 4,516 1,368 (317) 21 1,072 (338) $÷– – – – – – 33 $«5,884 4,516 1,368 (317) 21 1,072 (305) $«6,110 5,012 1,098 (353) 76 821 (268) $÷÷«– (281) 281 – – 281 (108) Adjusted $«6,110 4,611 $÷÷«– (120) 120 1,499 – – 120 (41) (353) 76 1,222 (417) $÷÷734 $33 $÷÷767 $÷÷553 $«173 $÷«79 $÷÷805 76.8% $÷«3.84 $÷«3.79 76.8% $÷«4.01 $÷«3.96 82.0% $÷«2.78 $÷«2.73 75.5% $÷«4.06 $÷«3.98 Revenues Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 totaled $5,884 million compared to $6,110 million in 2002. The decrease of $226 million, or 4%, was mainly due to the higher Canadian dollar, which negatively impacted the translation of U.S. dollar denominated revenue, continued weakness in coal shipments and a slowdown in the automotive sector. Partially offsetting these losses were increased intermodal, metals and minerals and petroleum and chemicals volumes. Revenue ton miles, measur- ing the volume of freight transported by the Company, increased by 2% relative to 2002. Freight revenue per revenue ton mile, a measurement of yield defined as revenue earned on the movement of a ton of freight over one mile, decreased by 6% when compared to 2002, reflecting the higher Canadian dollar. Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items* Total * Principally non-freight revenues derived from third parties. Revenues Revenue ton miles In millions Freight revenue per revenue ton mile In cents $1,058 527 1,284 261 938 1,101 525 190 $5,884 $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 $6,110 30,901 13,876 34,516 14,475 35,556 31,168 3,225 – 30,006 13,505 33,551 14,503 35,773 29,257 3,281 – 163,717 159,876 3.42 3.80 3.72 1.80 2.64 3.53 16.28 – 3.48 3.67 3.86 3.94 2.25 2.76 3.60 18.01 – 3.69 Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 75 ANG_073-093 MDA_CDN_R4 2/25/04 1:50 AM Page 76 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Petroleum and chemicals Forest products Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands Percentage of revenues Carloads* 7 8 5 4 0 6 12% 4 9 4 2 1 5 9 1 5 31% 1 8 4 6 8 4 1 0 5 In thousands 0 0 6 4 9 5 44% 56% 56% Petroleum and plastics 44% Chemicals 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (WC) from October 9, 2001 Petroleum and chemicals Petroleum and chemicals comprise a wide range of commodities, includ- ing chemicals, sulfur, plastics, petroleum and gas products. Most of the Company’s petroleum and chemicals shipments originate in the Gulf of Mexico, in Alberta and in eastern Canada, and are destined for customers in Canada, the United States and overseas. The performance of this busi- ness unit is closely correlated with the North American economy. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $44 million, or 4%, from 2002. The decrease was due to the transla- tion impact of the stronger Canadian dollar, partially offset by higher U.S. and offshore demand for Canadian sulfur and strong demand for lique- fied petroleum gas due to cold weather conditions at the beginning of the year. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 7% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. 28% 29% 31% Lumber 29% Fibers 28% Paper 12% Panels 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Forest products The forest products business unit includes various types of lumber, pan- els, wood chips, woodpulp, printing paper, linerboard and newsprint. The Company has superior rail access to the western and eastern Canadian fiber-producing regions, which are among the largest fiber source areas in North America. In the United States, the Company is strategically located to serve both the northern and southern U.S. corridors with inter- line capabilities to other Class 1 railroads. Although demand for forest products can be cyclical, the Company’s geographical advantages and product diversity tend to reduce the impact of market fluctuations. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $39 million, or 3%, from 2002. The decrease was due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar that was partially offset by solid demand for lumber and pulp and paper. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 6% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar which more than offset the continued improvement in pricing and a positive change in traffic mix. Metals and minerals Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 8 8 3 6 9 3 Coal 28% 6 6 2 6 5 2 7 8 2 Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 18% 8 5 5 8 2 5 7 1 5 9 9 4 1 7 4 72% 72% Metals 28% Minerals 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Metals and minerals The metals and minerals business consists primarily of nonferrous base metals, steel, equipment and parts. The Company’s superior rail access to major mines and smelters throughout North America has made the Company a transportation leader of copper, lead, zinc concentrates, refined metals and aluminum. Metals and minerals traffic is sensitive to fluctuations in the economy. For the year ended December 31, 2003, rev- enues for this business unit increased by $6 million, or 1%, from 2002. The increase was due to improved market conditions and increased mar- ket share for steel in 2003 and new ore traffic which began in the sec- ond quarter of 2002 and the last quarter of 2003. These gains were largely offset by the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar which was partially offset by a positive change in traffic mix. 82% 82% Coal 18% Petroleum coke 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Coal The coal business consists primarily of thermal grades of bituminous coal. Canadian thermal coal is delivered to power utilities primarily in eastern Canada, while in the United States, thermal coal is transported from mines served in southern Illinois or from western U.S. mines via interchange with other railroads to major utilities in the Midwest and southeast United States. The coal business also includes the transport of metallurgical coal, which is largely exported to steel markets in Japan and other Asian markets. In 2003, CN metallurgical coal volumes contin- ued to decline as a result of mine closures and this trend is expected to continue. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this busi- ness unit decreased by $65 million, or 20%, from 2002. The decrease was 76 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_073-093 MDA_CDN_R4 2/25/04 1:50 AM Page 77 Management’s Discussion and Analysis due to reduced coal production in western Canada, the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a metallurgical mine closure. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 20% from 2002 mainly due to a change in traffic mix, an increase in the average length of haul, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Grain and fertilizers Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 13% 29% 7 6 5 0 9 5 2 4 5 5 3 5 8 4 5 13% 22% 23% 29% Oilseeds 23% Food grain 22% Feed grain 13% Potash 13% Fertilizers 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Grain and fertilizers The grain and fertilizer business unit depends primarily on crops grown and fertilizers processed in western Canada and the U.S. Midwest. The grain segment consists of three primary commodities: food grains, mainly wheat; oilseeds and oilseed products, primarily canola seed, oil and meal; and feed grains, including feed barley, feed wheat and corn. Production of grain varies considerably from year to year, affected pri- marily by weather conditions. Canadian grain exports are highly volatile, reflecting the size of the crop produced, international market conditions and foreign government policy. In the U.S., grain grown in Illinois and Iowa is exported, as well as transported to domestic processing facilities and feed markets. The Company also serves producers of potash, ammo- nium nitrate, urea and other fertilizers. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $48 million, or 5%, from 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a decrease in Canadian export wheat ship- ments due to the smaller 2002/2003 Canadian crop. Partially offsetting these decreases were increased Canadian canola shipments and strong U.S. corn shipments to North American markets. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 4% from 2002 as the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar was partially offset by a decrease in the aver- age length of haul. Intermodal Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 1 2 1 , 1 3 0 1 , 1 4 9 9 7 3 2 , 1 6 7 2 , 1 45% 55% 55% Domestic 45% International 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Intermodal The intermodal business unit is comprised of two segments: domestic and international. The domestic segment is responsible for consumer products and manufactured goods, operating through both retail and wholesale channels while the international segment handles import and export container traffic, serving the ports of Vancouver, Montreal, Halifax and New Orleans. The domestic segment is driven by consumer markets, with growth generally tied to the economy. The international segment is driven mainly by North American economic conditions. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit increased by $49 million, or 5%, from 2002. The increase was mainly due to increased import volumes, the higher fuel surcharge in 2003 to offset the signifi- cant increase in fuel costs and new traffic through the Port of Vancouver. Partially offsetting these gains was reduced traffic in the domestic seg- ment due to the closure of smaller terminal facilities in the U.S. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2% from 2002 due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and an increase in the average length of haul, partially offset by the higher fuel surcharge. Automotive Percentage of revenues Carloads* In thousands 19% 0 1 3 6 2 3 4 0 3 8 1 3 3 0 3 81% 81% Finished vehicles 19% Auto parts 99 00 01 02 03 *Includes WC from October 9, 2001 Automotive The automotive business unit moves both finished vehicles and parts, originating in southwestern Ontario, Michigan and Mississippi, destined for the United States, Canada and Mexico. The Company also serves shippers of import vehicles via the ports of Halifax and Vancouver, and through interchange with other railroads. The Company’s automotive revenues are closely correlated to automotive production and sales in North America. For the year ended December 31, 2003, revenues for this business unit decreased by $66 million, or 11%, from 2002. The decrease was primarily due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar, weaker North American vehicle sales and production, and a change in shipping patterns for a significant customer. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 10% from 2002 mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a significant increase in the average length of haul. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 77 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 78 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Operating expenses Operating expenses amounted to $4,516 million in 2003 compared to $5,012 million in 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the charges recorded in the fourth quarter of 2002 for personal injury and other claims and workforce reductions, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar on U.S. dollar denominated expenses. Partly offsetting these decreases were higher casualty and other expenses and higher fuel costs. In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Labor and fringe benefits Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other Total Amount $1,929 879 472 471 299 466 % of revenue 32.8% 15.0% 8.0% 8.0% 5.1% 7.9% Amount $2,069 908 499 459 353 724 $4,516 $5,012 % of revenue 33.9% 14.9% 8.1% 7.5% 5.8% 11.8% Labor and fringe benefits: Labor and fringe benefits includes wages, payroll taxes, and employee benefits such as incentive compensation, stock-based compensation, health and welfare, pensions and other post- employment benefits. These expenses decreased by $140 million, or 7%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the work- force reduction charge of $120 million recorded in the fourth quarter of 2002, the effects of a reduced workforce and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Higher wages and employee benefits, including increased costs for pensions resulting from a change in man- agement’s assumption for the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets from 9% to 8%, partly offset the decrease. In 2002, the Company had recorded a workforce reduction charge of $120 million in a renewed drive to improve productivity across all its corporate and operating functions. Reductions relating to this initia- tive and the 2001 workforce reduction charge of $98 million were completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement to be made to affected employees. Purchased services and material: Purchased services and material primarily includes the net costs of operating facilities jointly used by the Company and other railroads, costs of services purchased from out- side contractors, materials used in the maintenance of the Company’s track, facilities and equipment, transportation and lodging for train crew employees and utility costs. These expenses decreased by $29 mil- lion, or 3%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to lower expenses for consulting and professional services, lower discre- tionary spending (courier, communication charges, occupancy costs, etc.), reflecting the Company’s continued focus on cost containment, and the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Higher repair expenses for rolling stock partly offset the decrease. Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization relates solely to the Company’s rail operations. These expenses decreased by $27 million, or 5%, in 2003 as compared to 2002, mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Fuel: Fuel expense includes the cost of fuel consumed by locomotives, intermodal equipment and other vehicles. These expenses increased by $12 million, or 3%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The increase was mainly due to a higher average price per gallon, net of the impact of the hedging program, and higher volumes. These increases were partly offset by the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar. Equipment rents: Equipment rents includes rental expense for the use of freight cars owned by other railroads or private companies and for the short or long-term lease of freight cars, locomotives and intermodal equipment, net of rental income from other railroads for the use of the Company’s cars and locomotives. These expenses decreased by $54 mil- lion, or 15%, in 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was due to the Company’s continued focus on asset utilization, which resulted in lower lease expense for freight cars and locomotives and a reduction in net car hire expense. Also contributing to the decrease was the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and a reduction in intermodal car hire rates. Casualty and other: Casualty and other includes expenses for personal injuries, environmental, freight and property damage, insurance, bad debt and operating taxes as well as travel and travel-related expenses. These expenses decreased by $258 million, or 36%, in 2003 as compared to 2002, which included a fourth quarter charge of $281 million to increase the provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims. Excluding this charge, the increase was mainly due to higher expenses for personal injury claims and increased insurance premiums. Partly offsetting the increase were lower travel-related expenses and lower provincial capital taxes. Other Interest expense: Interest expense decreased by $36 million to $317 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to 2002. The decrease was mainly due to the translation impact of the stronger Canadian dollar and lower interest rates on new debt to replace matured debt. Other income: In 2003, the Company recorded other income of $21 mil- lion compared to $76 million in 2002. The decrease was mainly due to lower right of way fees due to the termination of a contract in late 2002, lower income from the Company’s equity investments, and realized foreign exchange losses in 2003. Income tax expense: The Company recorded income tax expense of $338 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $268 mil- lion in 2002. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2003 was 31.5% compared to 32.6% in 2002. The decrease was mainly due to net favorable adjustments relating to the resolution of matters per- taining to prior years’ income taxes of $44 million and lower corporate income tax rates in Canada. Partly offsetting the decrease was a $33 mil- lion deferred income tax expense recorded in the fourth quarter of 2003 resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. 78 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 79 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 2002 compared to 2001 On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC and began a phased integration of the companies’ operations. Accordingly, in the following discussion, the Company’s results include the results of operations of WC, which were fully integrated into those of the Company in 2002. The Company recorded consolidated net income of $553 million ($2.78 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $727 million ($3.72 per basic share) for the year ended December 31, 2001. Diluted earnings per share were $2.73 for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $3.62 in 2001. Operating income was $1,098 million for 2002 compared to $1,366 million in 2001. 2002 compared to 2001 – Adjusted performance measures The years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 included items impacting the comparability of the results of operations (see reconciliation of adjusted performance measures below). Reconciliation of adjusted performance measures Included in 2002 was a fourth quarter charge of $281 million, or $173 million after tax, to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. per- sonal injury and other claims, and a charge for workforce reductions of $120 million, or $79 million after tax. In 2001, the Company recorded a charge for workforce reductions of $98 million, or $62 million after tax, a charge to write down the Company’s net investment in 360networks Inc. of $99 million, or $77 million after tax and a gain of $101 million, or $82 million after tax related to the sale of the Company’s 50 percent interest in the Detroit River Tunnel Company (DRT). Excluding these items, adjusted net income was $805 million ($4.06 per basic share or $3.98 per diluted share) in 2002 compared to $784 million ($4.02 per basic share or $3.90 per diluted share) in 2001, an increase of $21 million, or 3%. Adjusted operating income increased by $35 million, or 2%, to $1,499 million. The adjusted operating ratio was 75.5% in 2002 compared to 74.1% in 2001, a 1.4-point increase. Management believes that non-GAAP measures such as adjusted net income and the resulting adjusted performance measures for such items as operating income, operating ratio and per share data are useful measures of performance that can facilitate period-to-period comparisons as they exclude items that do not arise as part of the normal day-to-day operations or that could potentially distort the analysis of trends in business performance. The exclusion of specified items in the adjusted measures below does not imply that they are necessarily non-recurring. These adjusted measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and may, therefore, not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The reader is advised to read all information provided in the MD&A in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. $ in millions, except per share data, or unless otherwise indicated Year ended December 31, Revenues Operating expenses Operating income Interest expense Other income Income before income taxes Income tax expense Net income Operating ratio Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 2002 Personal injury Workforce reductions charge 2001 Adjusted Reported Workforce reductions 360- networks DRT Adjusted $÷÷«– (281) 281 – – 281 (108) $÷÷«– (120) $«6,110 4,611 120 1,499 – – 120 (41) (353) 76 1,222 (417) $«5,652 4,286 1,366 (312) 65 1,119 (392) $÷«– (98) 98 – – 98 (36) $÷«– $÷÷«– – – – 99 99 (22) – – – (101) (101) 19 $«5,652 4,188 1,464 (312) 63 1,215 (431) Reported $«6,110 5,012 1,098 (353) 76 821 (268) $÷÷553 $«173 $÷«79 $÷÷805 $÷÷727 $«62 $«77 $÷(82) $÷÷784 82.0% $÷«2.78 $÷«2.73 75.5% $÷«4.06 $÷«3.98 75.8% $÷«3.72 $÷«3.62 74.1% $÷«4.02 $÷«3.90 Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 79 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 80 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Revenues Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 totaled $6,110 million compared to $5,652 million in 2001. The increase of $458 million, or 8%, was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002. In addition, revenue gains were made in petroleum and chemicals, automotive, intermodal and forest products. These overall increases in revenues were partly offset by continued weakness in Canadian grain, coal, and metals and minerals. Revenue ton miles increased by 4% relative to 2001 and freight revenue per revenue ton mile increased by 4%. Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 2002 2001 2002 2001 Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items* Total Revenues Revenue ton miles In millions $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 $÷«923 458 1,088 338 1,161 969 520 195 30,006 13,505 33,551 14,503 35,773 29,257 3,281 – 25,243 10,777 29,639 15,566 42,728 26,257 2,885 – $6,110 $5,652 159,876 153,095 Freight revenue per revenue ton mile In cents 3.67 3.86 3.94 2.25 2.76 3.60 18.01 – 3.69 3.66 4.25 3.67 2.17 2.72 3.69 18.02 – 3.56 * Principally non-freight revenues derived from third parties. Petroleum and chemicals Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $179 mil- lion, or 19%, over 2001. Growth was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, strong sulfur traffic to the United States and offshore markets and market share gains in various sectors. The revenue per revenue ton mile remained relatively unchanged for 2002 as the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar was offset by an increase in the average length of haul for non-WC traffic. Metals and minerals Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $63 mil- lion, or 14%, over 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, market share gains in the nonferrous segment, particularly aluminum, and strong construction materials traffic. Partly offsetting these gains were the effects of weak steel markets in the first half of the year, one-time gains in 2001 and reduced traffic in specific segments due to ongoing customer strikes. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 9% over 2001 mainly due to an increase in longer haul traffic and the inclusion of certain lower rated WC traffic. Forest products Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $235 mil- lion, or 22%, over 2001. Growth was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of revenues attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, a strong North American housing market and improving pulp and paper markets. Also contributing to growth in the second half of the year were strong lumber shipments from CN’s western lumber producers. The increase in revenue per revenue ton mile of 7% was mainly due to the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar and the inclusion of shorter haul WC traffic. Coal Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased by $12 mil- lion, or 4%, from 2001. The decrease was mainly attributable to weak Canadian coal exports to offshore markets and reduced demand from power utilities in the first half of the year. The revenue per revenue ton mile increase of 4% was mainly due to a decrease in longer haul traffic. Grain and fertilizers Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased by $175 mil- lion, or 15%, from 2001. The decrease reflects a significant deterioration in the Canadian grain crop, a decline in U.S. originated traffic and the loss of a potash move. Revenue per revenue ton mile increased by 1% mainly as a result of an increase in regulated grain rates. Intermodal Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $83 mil- lion, or 9%, over 2001. Growth in the international segment was driven by market share gains by steamship lines served by CN. The domestic segment benefited from growing North American markets, particularly in Canada. Revenue per revenue ton mile decreased by 2%, mainly due to a higher average fuel surcharge in 2001 and an increase in the average length of haul. Automotive Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased by $71 mil- lion, or 14%, over 2001. The increase reflects strong motor vehicle pro- duction in both Canada and the United States. Revenue per revenue ton mile remained relatively unchanged for 2002 as the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar was offset by an increase in the average length of haul. 80 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 81 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Operating expenses Operating expenses amounted to $5,012 million in 2002 compared to $4,286 million in 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, higher Casualty and other expenses resulting primarily from the 2002 charge to increase the Company’s provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and increased expenses for labor and fringe benefits that included a higher workforce reduction charge in 2002 compared to 2001. These increases were partly offset by lower fuel costs. In millions Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 Labor and fringe benefits Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other Total Amount $2,069 908 499 459 353 724 % of revenue 33.9% 14.9% 8.1% 7.5% 5.8% 11.8% Amount $1,810 811 463 485 314 403 % of revenue 32.0% 14.4% 8.2% 8.6% 5.5% 7.1% $5,012 $4,286 Labor and fringe benefits: Labor and fringe benefit expenses in 2002 increased by $259 million, or 14%, as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002, a higher workforce reduction charge in 2002, wage increases, and higher benefit expenses, including health and welfare, particularly in the U.S. These increases were partly offset by the effects of a reduced workforce in 2002. In 2002, the Company announced 1,146 job reductions across all corporate and operating functions in a renewed drive to improve productivity and recorded a workforce reduction charge of $120 million. Reductions relating to this initiative and the 2001 workforce reduction charge of $98 million were 388 in 2001, 433 in 2002, with the remainder completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement, to be made to affected employees. Purchased services and material: These costs increased by $97 million, or 12%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and higher expenses for professional services and joint facilities. These increases were partly offset by reduced expenses for crew transportation and lodging in 2002. Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization expense in 2002 increased by $36 million, or 8%, as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and the impact of 2002 net capital additions. Fuel: Fuel expense in 2002 decreased by $26 million, or 5%, as compared to 2001. The decrease was primarily due to a lower average price of fuel, partially offset by the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002. Equipment rents: These expenses increased by $39 million, or 12%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of expenses attributable to the operations of WC in 2002 and lower car hire income, partly offset by reduced expenses for long- term operating leases. Casualty and other: These expenses increased by $321 million, or 80%, in 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to higher expenses for personal injury and other claims which included a fourth quarter 2002 charge of $281 million to increase the provision for U.S. personal injury and other claims, and higher derailment related expenses. Partly offsetting these increases were lower expenses related to environ- mental matters and bad debts. Other Interest expense: Interest expense increased by $41 million to $353 mil- lion for the year ended December 31, 2002 as compared to 2001. The increase was mainly due to the financing related to the acquisition of WC and the inclusion of a full year of WC expenses in 2002. Partly offset- ting these increases was the maturity of certain notes in 2001. Other income: In 2002, the Company recorded other income of $76 mil- lion compared to $65 million in 2001. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of a full year of equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) in 2002 partly offset by lower gains on disposal of properties. Included in 2001 was a charge of $99 million to write down the Company’s net investment in 360networks Inc. and a gain of $101 million related to the sale of the Company’s 50 percent interest in DRT. Income tax expense: The Company recorded income tax expense of $268 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $392 mil- lion in 2001. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased to 32.6% from 35.0% in 2001, due mainly to lower income tax rates in Canada. Liquidity and capital resources The Company’s principal source of liquidity is cash generated from oper- ations. The Company also has the ability to fund liquidity requirements through its revolving credit facility, the issuance of debt and/or equity, and the sale of a portion of its accounts receivable through a securitiza- tion program. In addition, from time to time, the Company’s liquidity requirements can be supplemented by the disposal of surplus properties and the monetization of assets. Operating activities: Cash provided from operating activities was $1,500 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $1,173 million for 2002. Cash generated in 2003 was partially consumed by payments for interest, workforce reductions and personal injury and other claims of $327 million, $155 million and $126 million, respectively, compared to $390 million, $177 million and $156 million, respectively, in 2002. In 2003, pension contributions and payments for income taxes were $88 million and $86 million, respectively, compared to $92 million and $65 million, respectively, in 2002. The Company increased the level of accounts receivable sold under its Accounts receivable securitization Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 81 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 82 Management’s Discussion and Analysis program by $132 million in 2003 and $5 million in 2002. Payments in 2004 for workforce reductions are expected to be $89 million while pension contributions are expected to be approximately $93 million. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had outstanding information technology service contracts of $21 million. Investing activities: Cash used by investing activities in 2003 amounted to $599 million compared to $476 million in 2002. The Company’s investing activities in 2002 included aggregate net proceeds of $69 mil- lion from the sale of its investments in Tranz Rail Holdings Limited and Australian Transport Network Limited, and $28 million from the sale of IC Terminal Holdings Company. Net capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2003 amounted to $583 million, an increase of $12 million over 2002. Net capital expenditures included expenditures for roadway renewal, rolling stock, and other capacity and productivity improvements. The Company expects that its capital expenditures will increase slightly in 2004 due to the acquisition of additional locomotives, and will include funds required for ongoing renewal of the basic plant and other acquisitions and investments required to improve the Company’s operating efficiency and customer service. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had commitments to acquire railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment at an aggregate cost of $211 million ($183 million at December 31, 2002). Dividends: During 2003, the Company paid dividends totaling $191 mil- lion to its shareholders at the quarterly rate of $0.25 per common share compared to $170 million at the rate of $0.215 per common share, in 2002. In 2002, $9 million was paid on the convertible preferred securities at an annual rate of 5.25%. Free cash flow The Company generated $578 million of free cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2003, compared to $513 million for the same 2002 period. Free cash flow does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and is therefore not necessarily comparable to simi- lar measures presented by other companies. The Company believes that free cash flow is a useful measure of performance as it demonstrates the Company’s ability to generate cash after the payment of capital expenditures and dividends. The Company defines free cash flow as cash provided from operating activities, excluding changes in the level of accounts receivable sold under the securitization program, less capital expenditures, other investing activities and dividends paid, calculated as follows: Financing activities: Cash used by financing activities totaled $605 mil- lion for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to $546 million in 2002. In May 2003, the Company repaid U.S.$150 million (Cdn$207 mil- lion) of 6.625% 10-year Notes and U.S.$100 million (Cdn$138 million) of 6.75% 10-year Notes with the proceeds received in March 2003 from the issuance of U.S.$400 million (Cdn$586 million) 4.40% Notes due 2013. In 2003 and 2002, issuances and repayments of long-term debt related principally to the Company’s commercial paper and revolving credit facilities. The Company used $656 million in 2003 and $203 million in 2002 to repurchase 10.0 million common shares and 3.0 million common shares, respectively, under the share repurchase program. During 2003, the Company recorded $47 million in capital lease obligations ($114 million in 2002) related to new equipment and the exercise of purchase options on existing equipment. The Company has access to various financing arrangements: Revolving credit facility The Company has a U.S.$1,000 million three-year revolving credit facility expiring in December 2005. The credit facility provides for borrowings at various interest rates, plus applicable margins, and contains customary financial covenants with which the Company has been in full compli- ance. The Company’s borrowings of U.S.$90 million (Cdn$142 million) outstanding at December 31, 2002 were entirely repaid in the first quar- ter of 2003. At December 31, 2003, the Company had borrowings under its revolving credit facility of U.S.$180 million (Cdn$233 million) at an average interest rate of 1.49%. As at December 31, 2003, letters of credit under the revolving credit facility amounted to $319 million. Commercial paper In June 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an increase in the maximum amount that may be issued under the commercial paper program, which is backed by the Company’s revolving credit facility, from $600 million to $800 million, or the U.S. dollar equivalent. Commercial paper debt is due within one year but is classified as long-term debt, reflecting the Company’s intent and contractual ability to refinance the short-term borrowing through subsequent issuances of commercial paper or drawing down on the long-term revolving credit facility. As at December 31, 2003, the Company did not have any outstanding commercial paper compared to U.S.$136 million (Cdn$214 million) as at December 31, 2002. Shelf registration statement On October 29, 2003, the Company filed a shelf registration statement providing for the issuance, from time to time, of up to U.S.$1,000 million of debt securities in one or more offerings. 2003 $1,500 2002 $1,173 In millions Year ended December 31, Cash provided from operating activities Less: Net capital expenditures Other investing activities Dividends paid Cash provided before financing activities Adjustments: Increase in accounts receivable sold Free cash flow (583) (16) (191) 710 (571) 95 (179) 518 The Company’s access to current and alternate sources of financing at competitive costs is dependent on its credit rating. The Company is not currently aware of any adverse trend, event or condition that would affect the Company’s credit rating. (132) $«÷578 (5) $÷«513 82 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 83 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Contractual obligations In the normal course of business, the Company incurs contractual obligations. The following table sets forth the Company’s contractual obligations for the following items as at December 31, 2003: In millions Long-term debt obligations (a) Capital lease obligations (b) Operating lease obligations Purchase obligations (c) Total obligations Total $3,912 1,141 874 232 $6,159 2004 $371 155 181 224 $931 2005 $380 107 147 5 $639 2006 $332 75 127 2 $536 2007 $÷66 117 111 1 $295 2008 $226 41 79 – 2009 and thereafter $2,537 646 229 – $346 $3,412 (a) Excludes capital lease obligations of $746 million. (b) Includes $395 million of imputed interest on capital leases at rates ranging from approximately 1.9% to 11.9%. (c) Includes commitments for railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment and outstanding information technology service contracts. For 2004 and the foreseeable future, the Company expects cash flow from operations and from its various sources of financing to be sufficient to meet its debt repayments and future obligations, and to fund anticipated capital expenditures. The Company intends to finance the acquisitions announced in the fourth quarter of 2003 through a combination of cash flow from operations and the issuance of additional debt. Off-balance sheet arrangements Accounts receivable securitization program In June 2003, the Company renewed its accounts receivable securitiza- tion program for a term of three years, to June 2006. Under the terms of the renewal the Company may sell, on a revolving basis, a maximum of $450 million of eligible freight trade and other receivables outstanding at any point in time, to an unrelated trust. The Company has a contin- gent residual interest of approximately 10% of receivables sold, which is recorded in Other current assets. The Company is subject to customary reporting requirements for which failure to perform could result in termination of the program. In addition, the trust is subject to customary credit rating requirements, which if not met could also result in termination of the program. The Company is not currently aware of any trend, event or condition that would cause such termination. The accounts receivable securitization program provides the Company with readily available short-term financing for general corpo- rate uses. In the event the program is terminated before its scheduled maturity, the Company expects to meet its future payment obligations through its various sources of financing, including its revolving credit facility and commercial paper program, and/or access to capital markets. At December 31, 2003, pursuant to the agreement, $448 million had been sold compared to $350 million at December 31, 2002. Guarantees and indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company, including certain of its subsidiaries, enters into agreements that may involve providing certain guarantees or indemnifications to third parties and others, which extend over the term of the agreement. These include, but are not limited to, residual value guarantees on operating leases, standby letters of credit and surety bonds, and indemnifications that are customary for the type of transaction or for the railway business. Effective January 1, 2003, the Company is required to disclose its obligations undertaken in issuing certain guarantees on the date the guarantee is issued or modified. Where the Company expects to make a payment in respect of a guarantee, a liability will be recognized to the extent that one has not yet been recognized. The nature of these guarantees or indemnifications, the maximum potential amount of future payments and the nature of any recourse pro- visions are disclosed in Note 20 – Major commitments and contingencies of the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. Acquisitions BC Rail In November 2003, the Company entered into an agreement with British Columbia Railway Company, a corporation owned by the Government of the Province of British Columbia (Province), to acquire all the issued and outstanding shares of BC Rail Ltd. and all the partnership units of BC Rail Partnership (collectively BC Rail), and the right to operate over BC Rail’s roadbed under a long-term lease, for a purchase price of $1 billion payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire the industrial freight railway business and operations, including equipment, contracts, and available tax attributes relating to the business, but excluding the roadbed itself, which is to be retained by the Province and leased back to BC Rail for an original term of 60 years with an option to renew for an additional 30 years. The transaction is intended to enhance the Company’s network in western Canada. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to, among other things, approval under the Competition Act (Canada). On December 2, 2003, the Legislature of British Columbia passed legislation to amend Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 83 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 84 Management’s Discussion and Analysis the British Columbia Railway Act and other applicable laws as was required to authorize and permit the consummation of the transaction. The Company anticipates that the Competition Bureau will have completed its review and that the proposed transaction will close in the second quarter of 2004. Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s Railroads and Related Holdings In October 2003, the Company, through an indirect wholly owned sub- sidiary, entered into an agreement for the acquisition of Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s (GLT) railroads and related holdings for a purchase price of U.S.$380 million payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire two Class II railroads, a Class III switching railroad, and a non-railroad company owning a fleet of eight vessels. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to the Company hav- ing obtained from the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB) a final, unappealable decision that approves the acquisition or exempts it from regulation and does not impose on the parties conditions that would sig- nificantly and adversely affect the anticipated economic benefits of the acquisition to the Company. The Company’s acquisition of the fleet of vessels is also subject to reviews by the U.S. Maritime Administration and Coast Guard, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice Antitrust Division. On December 1, 2003, the STB ruled that the proposed GLT transac- tion would be considered as a minor transaction for regulatory review purposes. The Company anticipates all regulatory rulings, including a final STB ruling on the proposed transaction, in the second quarter of 2004. If the proposed BC Rail and GLT transactions are completed, the Company will account for them using the purchase method of account- ing as required by Section 1581, “Business Combinations,” and Section 3062, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) Handbook. Under this method, the Company will prepare its financial statements reflecting the allocation of the purchase price to acquire BC Rail and GLT’s railroads and related holdings, based on the relative fair values of their assets and liabilities. The results of operations of the Company will reflect the effects of the acquisitions as of the date of acquisition. These acquisitions involve the integration of two previously independent businesses to provide shippers enhanced rail services over a coordinated network. There can be no assurance that CN will be able to integrate its business with that of either BC Rail or GLT without encountering operational difficulties or experiencing the loss of key employees or customers, or that the rail service levels and other efficiencies or syner- gies expected from these acquisitions will be attained. Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC for an acquisition cost of $1,301 million (U.S.$833 million) and accounted for the merger using the purchase method of accounting. As such, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabili- ties and results of operations of WC as of October 9, 2001, the date of acquisition. The acquisition was financed by debt and cash on hand. Common stock split On January 27, 2004, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a three-for-two common stock split which is to be effected in the form of a stock dividend of one-half additional common share of CN payable for each share outstanding on February 27, 2004, to shareholders of record on February 23, 2004. All equity-based benefit plans will be adjusted to reflect the issuance of additional shares or options due to the declaration of the stock split. All share and per share data for future periods will reflect the stock split. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) – Capital reorganization On January 6, 2004, EWS shareholders approved a plan to reduce the EWS share capital to enable cash to be returned to the shareholders. Under the plan, EWS is offering shareholders the ability to cancel a por- tion of their EWS shares. For each share cancelled, EWS shareholders will receive cash and 8% notes, due in 2009. Although the notes are due in five years, EWS has the right to redeem all or any part of the outstanding notes at their principal amount together with accrued but unpaid interest up to the date of repayment. The payout of cash and issuance of notes by EWS under the plan is expected in the first quarter of 2004. At December 31, 2003, CN owned 43.7 million shares, or approxi- mately 40% (approximately 37% on a fully diluted basis), of EWS. CN has elected to have the maximum allowable number of shares cancelled under the plan. As a result of the share cancellation plan, CN will receive £81.6 million (or approximately Cdn$188 million) from EWS, of which £23.9 million (or approximately Cdn$55 million) will be in the form of EWS notes. After the EWS share cancellation is complete, CN’s ownership of EWS will be approximately 31% on a fully diluted basis. Recent accounting pronouncements In July 2003, the CICA issued Handbook Section 1100, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This section provides new accounting guidance as to what constitutes generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in Canada and its sources, thereby codifying a GAAP hierarchy. The section also establishes that when financial statements are prepared in accordance with regulatory or legislative requirements that are in con- flict with the new GAAP hierarchy, they cannot be described as being in accordance with Canadian GAAP. The section is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2003. The Company’s accounting for Properties has been based on the rules and regulations of the Canadian Transportation Agency’s Uniform Classification of Accounts, which for railways in Canada, were considered 84 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 85 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Canadian GAAP prior to the issuance of Section 1100. Accordingly, effec- tive January 1, 2004, the Company’s accounting for Properties will be in accordance with the CICA’s Handbook Section 3061, “Property, Plant and Equipment” on a prospective basis. In June 2003, the CICA issued Accounting Guideline 15, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.” The guideline requires that an enterprise holding other than a voting interest in a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) could, subject to certain conditions, be required to consolidate the VIE if it is considered its primary beneficiary whereby it would absorb the majority of the VIE’s expected losses and/or receive the majority of its expected residual returns. The guideline is effective for fiscal and interim periods beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect this section to have an initial material impact on its financial statements. In March 2003, the CICA issued Handbook Section 3110, “Asset Retirement Obligations.” This section will require that the fair value of an asset retirement obligation be recorded as a liability only when there is a legal obligation associated with a removal activity. This section is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect this section to have a material impact on its financial statements. In December 2002, the CICA issued Handbook Section 3063, “Impairment of Long-Lived Assets.” Section 3063 provides accounting guidance for the determination of long-lived assets to be held and used, to be disposed of other than by sale, or to be disposed of by sale. This section is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect Section 3063 to have an initial material impact on its financial statements upon adoption. Share repurchase program In October 2002, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a share repurchase program which allowed for the repurchase of up to 13.0 million common shares between October 25, 2002 and October 24, 2003 pursuant to a normal course issuer bid, at prevailing market prices. In 2003, the Company repurchased 10.0 million common shares for $656 million, at an average price of $65.58 per share. The Company has completed its program, repurchasing 13.0 million common shares for $859 million, at an average price of $66.06 per share. Termination of conversion rights of 5.25% convertible preferred securities (“Securities”) On May 6, 2002, the Company met the conditions required to terminate the Securities holders’ right to convert their Securities into common shares of the Company, and had set the conversion termination date as July 3, 2002. The conditions were met when the Company’s common share price exceeded 120% of the conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per share for a specified period, and all accrued interest on the Securities had been paid. On July 3, 2002, Securities that had not been previously surrendered for conversion were deemed converted, resulting in the issuance of 6.0 million common shares of the Company. Critical accounting policies The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period, the reported amounts of assets and liabili- ties, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, including those related to personal injury and other claims, environmental matters, depreciation lives, pensions and other post- retirement benefits, and income taxes, based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The follow- ing accounting policies require management’s more significant judg- ments and estimates in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and as such, are considered to be critical. The fol- lowing information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Management has discussed the development and selection of the Company’s critical accounting estimates with the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors and the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee has reviewed the Company’s related disclosures herein. Personal injury and other claims In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occupational disease and damage to property. In Canada, employee injuries are governed by the workers’ compen- sation legislation in each province whereby employees may be awarded either a lump sum or future stream of payments depending on the nature and severity of the injury. Accordingly, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work-related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, including compensation, health care and administration costs. For all other legal actions, the Company maintains, and regularly updates on a case-by-case basis, provisions for such items when the expected loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated based on currently available information. Assumptions used in estimating the ultimate costs for Canadian employee injury claims consider, among others, the discount rate, the rate of inflation, wage increases and health care costs. The Company periodically reviews its assumptions to reflect currently available infor- mation. Over the past three years, the Company has changed certain of these assumptions, which have not had a material effect on its results of operations. For all other legal claims in Canada, estimates are based on case history, trends and judgment. In the United States, employee work-related injuries, including occu- pational disease claims, are compensated according to the provisions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA) and represent a major expense for the railroad industry. The FELA system, which requires either the finding of fault through the U.S. jury system or individual settlements, has contributed to the significant increase in the Company’s personal Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 85 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 86 Management’s Discussion and Analysis injury expense in recent years. In view of the Company’s growing pres- ence in the United States and the increase in the number of occupational disease claims over the past few years, an actuarial study was conducted in 2002, and in the fourth quarter of 2002 the Company changed its methodology for estimating its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims, including occupational disease claims and claims for property damage, from a case-by-case approach to an actuarial-based approach. Consequently, and as discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 mil- lion after tax) to increase its provision for these claims. Under the actuarial-based approach, the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. For the U.S. personal injury and other claims liability, historical claim data is used to formulate assumptions relating to the expected number of claims and average cost per claim (severity) for each year. Changes in any one of these assumptions could materially affect Casualty and other expense as reported in the Company’s results of operations. For example, a 5% change in the number of claims or severity would have the effect of changing the provision by approximately $26 million and the annual expense by approximately $5 million. In 2003, the Company’s expenses for personal injury and other claims, net of recoveries, were $127 million ($393 million in 2002 and $78 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $126 million ($156 million in 2002 and $149 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate reserves for personal injury and other claims of $590 million ($664 million at December 31, 2002). Environmental matters Regulatory compliance A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean-up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and present ownership, oper- ation or control of real property. Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed unless they relate to an improvement to the property. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which are not expected to contribute to current or future operations are expensed. Known existing environmental concerns The Company is subject to environmental clean-up and enforcement actions. In particular, the Federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), also known as the Superfund law, as well as similar state laws generally impose joint and several liability for clean-up and enforcement costs on current and former owners and operators of a site without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct. The Company has been notified that it is a potentially responsible party for study and clean-up costs at approximately 17 Superfund sites for which investigation and remedia- tion payments are or will be made or are yet to be determined and, in many instances, is one of several potentially responsible parties. The ultimate cost of known contaminated sites cannot be definitely established, and the estimated environmental liability for any given site may vary depending on the nature and extent of the contamination, the available clean-up technique, the Company’s share of the costs and evolving regulatory standards governing environmental liability. As a result, liabilities are recorded based on the results of a four-phase assessment conducted on a site-by-site basis. Cost scenarios established by external consultants based on extent of contamination and expected costs for remedial efforts are used by the Company to estimate the costs related to a particular site. A liability is initially recorded when environ- mental assessments and/or remedial efforts are likely, and when costs, based on a specific plan of action in terms of the technology to be used and the extent of the corrective action required, can be reasonably esti- mated. Adjustments to initial estimates are recorded as additional infor- mation becomes available. Based on the information currently available, the Company considers its provisions to be adequate. At December 31, 2003, most of the Company’s properties not acquired through recent acquisitions are approaching a final assessment and therefore costs related to such sites may change based on informa- tion as it becomes available. For properties acquired through recent acquisitions, the Company obtains assessments from both external and internal consultants and a liability has been or will be accrued based on such assessments. Unknown existing environmental concerns The Company’s ongoing efforts to identify potential environmental concerns that may be associated with its properties may lead to future environmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. The magnitude of such additional liabilities and costs cannot be reasonably estimated due to: (i) (ii) the lack of specific technical information available with respect to many sites; the absence of any government authority, third-party orders, or claims with respect to particular sites; (iii) the potential for new or changed laws and regulations and for development of new remediation technologies and uncertainty regarding the timing of the work with respect to particular sites; (iv) the ability to recover costs from any third parties with respect to particular sites; and as such, costs related to future remediation will be accrued in the year they become known. 86 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 87 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Future occurrences In the operation of a railroad, it is possible that derailments, explosions or other accidents may occur that could cause harm to human health or to the environment. As a result, the Company may incur costs in the future, which may be material, to address any such harm, including costs relating to the performance of clean-ups, natural resource damages and compensatory or punitive damages relating to harm to individuals or property. In 2003, the Company’s expenses relating to environmental matters, net of recoveries, were $6 million ($6 million in 2002 and $7 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $12 million ($16 million in 2002 and $14 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggre- gate accruals for environmental costs of $83 million ($106 million at December 31, 2002). The Company anticipates that the majority of the liability will be paid out over the next five years. Depreciation Railroad properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation including asset impairment write-downs. The Company follows the group method of depreciation and, as such, depreciates the cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. In addition, under the group method of depreciation, the cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, retired or disposed of in the normal course of business, is charged to accumulated depreciation. Assessing the reasonableness of the estimated useful lives of proper- ties requires judgment and is based on currently available information, including periodic depreciation studies conducted by the Company. The Company’s U.S. properties are subject to comprehensive depreciation studies conducted by external consultants as required by the Surface Transportation Board (STB). Depreciation studies for Canadian properties are not required by regulation and are therefore conducted internally. Studies are performed on specific asset groups on a periodic basis. The studies consider, among others, the analysis of historical retirement data using recognized life analysis techniques, and the forecasting of asset life characteristics. Changes in circumstances, such as technological advances, changes to the Company’s business strategy, changes in the Company’s capital strategy or changes in regulations can result in the actual useful lives differing from the Company’s estimates. A change in the remaining useful life of a group of assets, or their estimated net salvage, will affect the depreciation rate used to amortize the group of assets and thus affect depreciation expense as reported in the Company’s results of operations. A change of one year in the com- posite useful life of the Company’s fixed asset base would impact annual depreciation expense by approximately $12 million. Depreciation studies are a means of ensuring that the assumptions used to estimate the useful lives of particular asset groups are still valid and where they are not, they serve as the basis to establish the new depreciation rates to be used on a prospective basis. In 2001, the Company conducted a comprehensive study for its Canadian properties, which did not have an impact on depreciation expense as the benefit of increased lives was offset by deficiencies in certain accumulated depreci- ation balances. In 2004, the Company will conduct a depreciation study for its Canadian properties and U.S. rolling stock and equipment. In 2003, the Company recorded total depreciation and amortization expense of $478 million ($506 million in 2002 and $469 million in 2001). At December 31, 2003, the Company had Properties of $15,158 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $6,265 million ($16,898 million in 2002, net of accumulated depreciation of $6,285 million). Pensions and other post-retirement benefits The Company accounts for pension and other post-retirement benefits as required by CICA Handbook Section 3461, “Employee Future Benefits.” Under this accounting standard, assumptions are made regarding the valuation of benefit obligations and performance of plan assets. Deferred recognition of differences between actual results and those assumed is a guiding principle of this standard. This approach allows for a gradual recognition of changes in benefit obligations and plan performance over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group cov- ered by the plans. The following description pertaining to pensions relate generally to the Company’s main pension plan, the CN Pension Plan. The Company’s other pension plans are not significant. For pensions, an actuarial valuation is required at least on a triennial basis. However, for the last 15 years, the Company has conducted an annual actuarial valuation to account for pensions, which uses manage- ment assumptions for the discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and the rate of compensation increase. The Canadian plans have a measurement date of December 31 whereas the U.S. plans have a measurement date of September 30. For pensions and other post-retirement benefits, assumptions are required for, among others, the discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the rate of compensation increase, health care cost trend rates, mortality rates, employee early retirements, terminations or disability. Changes in these assumptions result in actuarial gains or losses which in accordance with Section 3461, the Company has elected to amortize over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans only to the extent that the unrecognized net actuar- ial gains and losses are in excess of 10% of the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets. The future effect on the Company’s results of opera- tions is dependent on economic conditions, employee demographics, mortality rates and investment performance. The Company sets its discount rate assumption annually to reflect the rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments with a duration of approximately 11 years, which is expected to match the timing and amount of expected benefit payments. High quality debt Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 87 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 88 Management’s Discussion and Analysis instruments are corporate bonds with a rating of AA or better. A discount rate of 6%, based on bond yields prevailing at December 31, 2003, was considered appropriate by the Company and is supported by reports issued by third party advisors. A one-percentage-point decrease in the discount rate would cause net periodic benefit cost to increase by $50 million whereas a one-percentage-point increase would not have a material change in net periodic benefit cost as the Company only amortizes actu- arial gains and losses over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, only to the extent they are in excess of 10% of the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets. To develop its expected long-term rate of return assumption used in the calculation of net periodic benefit cost applicable to the market- related value of assets, the Company considers both its past experience and future estimates of long-term investment returns, the expected com- position of the plans’ assets as well as the expected long-term market returns in the future. The Company has elected to use a market-related value of assets, whereby realized and unrealized gains/losses and appre- ciation/depreciation in the value of the investments are recognized over a period of five years, while investment income is recognized immedi- ately. The Company follows a disciplined investment strategy, which limits concentration of investments by asset class, foreign currency, sector or company. The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors has approved an investment policy that establishes long-term asset mix targets based on a review of historical returns achieved by worldwide investment markets. Investment managers may deviate from these targets but their performance is evaluated in relation to the market per- formance of the target mix. The Company does not anticipate the return on plan assets to fluctuate materially from related capital market indices. The Investment Committee reviews investments regularly with specific approval required for major investments in illiquid securities. The policy also permits the use of derivative financial instruments to implement asset mix decisions or to hedge existing or anticipated exposures. The Pension Plan does not invest in the securities of the Company or its sub- sidiaries. During the last ten years ended December 31, 2003, the CN Pension Plan earned an annual average rate of return of 8.4%. The actual and market-related value rates of return on plan assets for the last five years were as follows: Rates of return Actual Market-related value 2003 9.6% 7.0% 2002 2001 2000 1999 (0.3)% 7.4% (1.4)% 10.2% 10.5% 13.7% 15.0% 13.8% For that same period, the Company used a long-term rate of return assumption on the market-related value of plan assets not exceeding 9% to compute net periodic benefit cost. In 2003, the Company reduced the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets from 9% to 8% to reflect management’s current view of long-term investment returns. The effect of this change in management’s assumption was to increase net periodic benefit cost in 2003 by approximately $50 million. Based on the fair value of the assets held as at December 31, 2003, the plan assets are comprised of 56% in Canadian and foreign equities, 38% in debt securities, 3% in real estate assets and 3% in other assets. The long-term asset allocation percentages are not expected to differ materially from the current composition. The rate of compensation increase, 3.75% to determine benefit obligation and 4% to determine net periodic benefit cost, is another significant assumption in the actuarial model for pension accounting and is determined by the Company based upon its long-term plans for such increases. For other post-retirement benefits, the Company reviews exter- nal data and its own historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rates. For measurement purposes, the pro- jected health care cost trend rate was 17% in the current year, and it is assumed that the rate will decrease gradually to 8% in 2012 and remain at that level thereafter. A one-percentage-point change in either the rate of compensation increase or the health care cost trend rate would not cause a material change to the Company’s net periodic benefit cost for both pensions and other post-retirement benefits. The latest actuarial valuation of the CN Pension Plan was conducted as at December 31, 2002 and indicated a funding excess. Total contribu- tions for all of the Company’s pension plans are expected to be approxi- mately $93 million in each of 2004, 2005, and 2006 based on the plans’ current position. The assumptions discussed above are not expected to have a significant impact on the cash funding requirements of the pension plans. For pensions, the Company recorded consolidated net periodic benefit cost of $28 million in 2003 and net periodic benefit income of $20 million and $13 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively. Consolidated net periodic benefit cost for other post-retirement benefits was $54 mil- lion, $45 million, and $35 million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. At December 31, 2003, the Company’s accrued benefit cost for post- retirement benefits other than pensions was $290 million ($284 million at December 31, 2002). In addition, at December 31, 2003, the Company’s consolidated pension benefit obligation and accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation were $11,875 million and $454 million, respectively ($11,243 million and $444 million at December 31, 2002). In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”) was signed into law in the United States. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to the Medicare benefit. The 2003 post-retirement benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost disclosed above do not reflect the effects of the Act. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the Act on its health care benefit plans and its financial statements. Specific authorita- tive guidance on the accounting for the federal subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require a change in previously reported information. 88 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 89 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, the change in the net deferred income tax asset or liability is included in the computation of net income. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using substantively enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. As a result, a projection of taxable income is required for those years, as well as an assumption of the ultimate recovery/settle- ment period for temporary differences. The projection of future taxable income is based on management’s best estimate and may vary from actual taxable income. On an annual basis, the Company assesses its need to establish a valuation allowance for its deferred income tax assets and if it is deemed more likely than not that its deferred income tax assets will not be realized based on its taxable income projections a valuation allowance is recorded. As at December 31, 2003, the Company expects that its deferred income tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and there- fore, has not set up a valuation allowance. In addition, Canadian and U.S. tax rules and regulations are subject to interpretation and require judg- ment by the Company that may be challenged by the taxation authorities. The Company believes that its provisions for income taxes are adequate pertaining to any assessments from the taxation authorities. The Company’s deferred income tax asset is mainly composed of tem- porary differences related to accruals for workforce reductions, personal injury and other claims, environmental and other post-retirement benefits, and losses and tax credit carryforwards. The majority of these accruals will be paid out over the next five years. The Company’s deferred income tax liability is mainly composed of temporary differences related to properties, including purchase accounting adjustments. Estimating the ultimate settlement period, given that depreciation rates in effect are based on information as it develops, requires judgment and management’s best estimates. The reversal of temporary differences is expected at future substantively enacted income tax rates which could change due to fiscal budget changes and/or changes in income tax laws. As a result, a change in the timing and/or the income tax rate at which the components will reverse, could materially affect deferred income tax expense as recorded in the Company’s results of operations. A one-percentage-point change in the Company’s reported effective income tax rate would have the effect of changing the income tax expense by $11 million in 2003. In the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company recorded an increase of $33 million to its net deferred income tax liability resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded total income tax expense of $338 million ($268 million in 2002 and $392 million in 2001) of which $232 million was for deferred income taxes ($156 million in 2002 and $307 million in 2001). The Company’s net deferred income tax liability at December 31, 2003 was $3,240 mil- lion ($3,703 million at December 31, 2002). Business risks Certain information included in this report may be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the outlook, the actual results or performance of the Company or the rail industry to be materi- ally different from any future results or performance implied by such statements. Such factors include the factors set forth below as well as other risks detailed from time to time in reports filed by the Company with securities regulators in Canada and the United States. Competition The Company faces significant competition from a variety of carriers, including Canadian Pacific Railway Company (CP) which operates the other major rail system in Canada, serving most of the same industrial and population centers as the Company, long distance trucking compa- nies and, in many markets, major U.S. railroads and other Canadian and U.S. railroads. Competition is generally based on the quality and reliability of services provided, price, and the condition and suitability of carriers’ equipment. Competition is particularly intense in eastern Canada where an extensive highway network and population centers, located relatively close to one another, have encouraged significant competition from truck- ing companies. In addition, much of the freight carried by the Company consists of commodity goods that are available from other sources in competitive markets. Factors affecting the competitive position of suppli- ers of these commodities, including exchange rates, could materially adversely affect the demand for goods supplied by the sources served by the Company and, therefore, the Company’s volumes, revenues and profit margins. To a greater degree than other rail carriers, the Company’s sub- sidiary, Illinois Central Railroad Company (ICRR), is vulnerable to barge competition because its main routes are parallel to the Mississippi River system. The use of barges for some commodities, particularly coal and grain, often represents a lower cost mode of transportation. Barge com- petition and barge rates are affected by navigational interruptions from ice, floods and droughts, which can cause widely fluctuating barge rates. The ability of ICRR to maintain its market share of the available freight has traditionally been affected by the navigational conditions on the river. The significant consolidation of rail systems in the United States has resulted in larger rail systems that are able to offer seamless services in larger market areas and accordingly, effectively compete with the Company in certain markets. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete effectively against current and future competitors in the railroad industry and that further consolidation within the railroad industry will not adversely affect the Company’s competitive position. No assurance can be given that competitive pressures will not lead to reduced revenues, profit margins or both. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 89 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 90 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Environmental matters The Company’s operations are subject to numerous federal, provincial, state, municipal and local environmental laws and regulations in Canada and the United States concerning, among other things, emissions into the air; discharges into waters; the generation, handling, storage, transporta- tion, treatment and disposal of waste, hazardous substances and other materials; decommissioning of underground and aboveground storage tanks; and soil and groundwater contamination. A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean-up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and present ownership, operation or control of real property. While the Company believes that it has identified the costs likely to be incurred in the next several years, based on known information, for environmental matters, the Company’s ongoing efforts to identify poten- tial environmental concerns that may be associated with its properties may lead to future environmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. outstanding or pending at December 31, 2003, or with respect to future claims, cannot be predicted with certainty, and therefore there can be no assurance that their resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year. Labor negotiations Canadian workforce Labor agreements covering approximately 97% of the Company’s Canadian unionized workforce expired on December 31, 2003. As of January 2004, the Company has successfully negotiated three tentative collective agreements with the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) union covering the Company’s shopcraft forces, clerical workers and intermodal yard employees. The agreements are retroactive to January 1, 2004 and are subject to ratification by approximately 5,000 CAW members. The Company is currently undergoing discussions with all its remaining trade unions whose agreements also expired on December 31, 2003. Under the terms of the Canada Labour Code (the governing legislation), no legal strikes or lockouts are possible before a union obtains a majority by secret ballot and proper notification of at least seventy-two hours notice is given to the other party. In the operation of a railroad, it is possible that derailments, explo- The Company is optimistic that it will be able to have all its collec- sions or other accidents may occur that could cause harm to human health or to the environment. As a result, the Company may incur costs in the future, which may be material, to address any such harm, includ- ing costs relating to the performance of clean-ups, natural resource damages and compensatory or punitive damages relating to harm to individuals or property. The ultimate cost of known contaminated sites cannot be definitely established, and the estimated environmental liability for any given site may vary depending on the nature and extent of the contamination, the available clean-up technique, the Company’s share of the costs and evolving regulatory standards governing environmental liability. Also, additional contaminated sites yet unknown may be discovered or future operations may result in accidental releases. For these reasons, there can be no assurance that material liabilities or costs related to environmental matters will not be incurred in the future, or will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of opera- tions in a particular quarter or fiscal year, or that the Company’s liquidity will not be adversely impacted by such environmental liabilities or costs. Personal injury and other claims In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occupational disease and damage to property. The Company maintains provisions for such items, which it considers to be adequate for all of its outstanding or pending claims. The final outcome with respect to actions tive agreements renewed and ratified without any major disruptions. However, there can be no assurance that there will not be any strikes or lockouts or that the resolution of these collective bargaining negotiations will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial posi- tion or results of operations. U.S. workforce The general approach to labor negotiations by U.S. Class 1 railroads is to bargain on a collective national basis. Grand Trunk Western (GTW), Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific (DWP), ICRR, CCP Holdings, Inc. (CCP) and WC, have bargained on a local basis rather than holding national, indus- try wide negotiations because it results in agreements that better address both the employees’ concerns and preferences, and the railways’ actual operating environment. However, local negotiations may not gen- erate federal intervention in a strike or lockout situation, since a dispute may be localized. The Company believes the potential mutual benefits of local bargaining outweigh the risks. As of January 2004, the Company had in place agreements with bargaining units representing the entire unionized workforce at ICRR, GTW, DWP, and CCP, and over 60% of the unionized workforce at WC. These agreements have various moratorium provisions, ranging from the end of 2001 to the end of 2005, which preserve the status quo in respect of given areas during the terms of such moratoriums. Several of these agreements are currently under renegotiation and several will open for negotiation in 2004. 90 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 91 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Negotiations are ongoing with the bargaining units with which the Company does not have agreements or settlements. Until new agree- ments are reached or the processes of the Railway Labor Act have been exhausted, the terms and conditions of existing agreements or policies continue to apply. Although the Company does not anticipate work action related to these negotiations while they are ongoing, there can be no assurance that there will not be any such work action and that the resolution of these negotiations will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Regulation The Company’s rail operations in Canada are subject to regulation as to (i) rate setting and network rationalization by the Canadian Transportation Agency (the Agency) under the Canada Transportation Act (Canada) (the CTA), and (ii) safety by the federal Minister of Transport under the Railway Safety Act (Canada) and certain other statutes. The Company’s U.S. rail operations are subject to regulation by the Surface Transportation Board (STB) (the successor to the Interstate Commerce Commission) and the Federal Railroad Administration. As such, various Company business transactions must gain prior regulatory approval, with attendant risks and uncertainties. The Company is also subject to a vari- ety of health, safety, security, labor, environmental and other regulations, all of which can affect its competitive position and profitability. The CTA Review Panel, which was appointed by the federal govern- ment to carry out a comprehensive review of the Canadian transporta- tion legislation, issued its report to the Minister of Transport at the end of June 2001. The report was released to the public on July 18, 2001 and contains numerous recommendations for legislative changes affecting all modes of transportation, including rail. On February 25, 2003, the Canadian Minister of Transport released its consultation document Straight Ahead – A Vision for Transportation in Canada and tabled in the House of Commons Bill C-26 entitled An Act to Amend the Canada Transportation Act and the Railway Safety Act, to enact the VIA Rail Canada Act and to make consequential amendments to other Acts. Bill C-26 died on the Order Paper (was terminated) when Parliament was prorogued on November 12, 2003. No assurance can be given that any future legislative action by the federal government pursuant to the report’s recommendations and the consultation document, or other future governmental initiatives will not materially adversely affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company is subject to new statutory and regulatory directives in the United States addressing homeland security concerns. These include new border security arrangements, pursuant to an agreement the Company and CP entered into with the U.S. Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA), requiring advance notice of manifest information of U.S.-bound traffic and cargo screening (including gamma ray and radiation screening), as well as U.S. government imposed restrictions on the transportation into the United States of certain commodities. In the fourth quarter of 2003, the CBP issued regulations to extend advance notification require- ments to all modes of transportation and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration promulgated interim final rules requiring advance notifi- cation by all modes for certain food imports into the United States. The Company has also worked with the Association of American Railroads to develop and put in place an extensive industry-wide security plan. While the Company will continue to work closely with the CCRA, CBP, and other U.S. agencies, as above, no assurance can be given that future decisions by the U.S. government on homeland security matters, or joint decisions by the industry in response to threats to the North American rail network, will not materially adversely affect the Company’s opera- tions, or its competitive and financial position. In October 2002, the Company became the first North American railroad to gain membership in the U.S. Customs Service’s Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT). C-TPAT is a joint government- business initiative designed to build cooperative relationships that strengthen overall supply chain and border security regarding goods exported to the U.S. The Company is also designated as a low-risk carrier under the Customs Self-Assessment (CSA) program, a new CCRA pro- gram designed to expedite the cross-border movement of goods of CSA- accredited importing companies for goods imported into Canada. Financial instruments The Company has limited involvement with derivative financial instru- ments and does not use them for trading purposes. Collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk is usually not obtained. While the Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk in the event of non-performance, the credit standing of counterparties or their guarantors is regularly monitored, and losses due to counterparty non-performance are not anticipated. To mitigate the effects of fuel price changes on its operating margins and overall profitability, the Company has a systematic hedging program which calls for regularly entering into swap positions on crude and heat- ing oil to cover a target percentage of future fuel consumption up to two years in advance. At December 31, 2003, the Company had hedged approximately 52% of the estimated 2004 fuel consumption, represent- ing approximately 196 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.63 per U.S. gallon, and 25% of the estimated 2005 fuel consump- tion, representing approximately 95 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.66 per U.S. gallon. Realized gains and losses from the Company’s fuel hedging activities were a $49 million gain, a $3 million gain and a $6 million loss for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. As a result of fuel hedging activities, the Company had an unrealized gain of $38 million at December 31, 2003 compared to an unrealized gain of $30 million at December 31, 2002. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 91 ANG_73-93 MDA_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:05 PM Page 92 Management’s Discussion and Analysis Business prospects and other risks In any given year, the Company, like other railroads, is susceptible to changes in the economic conditions of the industries and geographic areas that produce and consume the freight it transports or the supplies it requires to operate. In addition, many of the goods and commodities carried by the Company experience cyclicality in demand. Many of the bulk commodities the Company transports move offshore and are impacted more by global rather than North American economic condi- tions. The Company’s results of operations can be expected to reflect these conditions because of the significant fixed costs inherent in rail- road operations. Global, as well as North American trade conditions, including trade barriers on certain commodities, may interfere with the free circulation of goods across Canada and the United States. Potential terrorist actions can have a direct or indirect impact on the transportation infrastructure, including railway infrastructure in North America, and interfere with the free flow of goods. International conflicts can also have an impact on the Company’s markets. Although the Company conducts its business and receives revenues primarily in Canadian dollars, a growing portion of its revenues, expenses, assets and debt are denominated in U.S. dollars. Thus, the Company’s results are affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between these currencies. Based on the Company’s current operations, the estimated annual impact on net income of a one-cent change in the Canadian dol- lar relative to the U.S. dollar is approximately $8 million. Changes in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and other currencies (includ- ing the U.S. dollar) make the goods transported by the Company more or less competitive in the world marketplace and thereby affect the Company’s revenues and expenses. Should a major economic slowdown or recession occur in North America or other key markets, or should major industrial restructuring take place, the volume of rail shipments carried by the Company is likely to be adversely affected. In addition to the inherent risks of the business cycle, the Company’s operations are occasionally susceptible to severe weather conditions. For example, in the first quarter of 1998, a severe ice storm hit eastern Canada, which disrupted operations and service for the railroad as well as for CN customers. More recently, severe drought conditions in western Canada significantly reduced bulk commodity revenues, principally grain. Generally accepted accounting principles require the use of historical cost as the basis of reporting in financial statements. As a result, the cumulative effect of inflation, which has significantly increased asset replacement costs for capital-intensive companies such as CN, is not reflected in operating expenses. Depreciation charges on an inflation- adjusted basis, assuming that all operating assets are replaced at current price levels, would be substantially greater than historically reported amounts. Selected quarterly and annual financial data Selected quarterly financial data for the eight most recently completed quarters and selected annual financial data for each of the three years ending December 31, 2003 is disclosed in Note 23 to the Company’s 2003 Consolidated Financial Statements. Controls and procedures The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of December 31, 2003, have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective and designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries would have been made known to them. During the fourth quarter ending December 31, 2003, there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Additional information, including the Company’s Annual Information Form and Form 40-F, may be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml, respectively. Montreal, Canada January 27, 2004 92 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_073-093 MDA_CDN_R4 5/3/04 16:33 Page 93 Management Report Auditors’ Report The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Canadian National Railway Company and all information in this annual report are the responsibility of management and have been approved by the Board of Directors. The financial statements have been prepared by management in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in Canada. These statements include some amounts that are based on best esti- mates and judgments. Financial information used elsewhere in the annual report is consistent with these financial statements. Management of the Company, in furtherance of the integrity and objectivity of data in the financial statements, has developed and main- tains a system of internal accounting controls and supports an extensive program of internal audits. Management believes that this system of internal accounting controls provides reasonable assurance that financial records are reliable and form a proper basis for preparation of financial statements, and that assets are properly accounted for and safeguarded. The Board of Directors carries out its responsibility for the financial statements in this report principally through its Audit, Finance and Risk Committee, consisting solely of outside directors. The Audit, Finance and Risk Committee reviews the Company’s consolidated financial state- ments and annual report and recommends their approval by the Board of Directors. Also, the Audit, Finance and Risk Committee meets regularly with the Chief, Internal Audit, and with the shareholders’ auditors. These consolidated financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, who have been appointed as the sole auditors of the Company by the shareholders. To the shareholders of Canadian National Railway Company We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Canadian National Railway Company as at December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the consoli- dated statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these finan- cial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian and United States generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant esti- mates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. On January 27, 2004, we reported separately to the Board of Directors of the Company on consolidated financial statements for the same period, prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. (signed) Claude Mongeau Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer January 27, 2004 (signed) KPMG LLP Chartered Accountants Montreal, Canada January 27, 2004 (signed) Serge Pharand Vice-President and Corporate Comptroller January 27, 2004 Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 93 ANG_94-97 Stmts_CDN_R2 20/02/04 8:08 PM Page 94 Consolidated Statement of Income In millions, except per share data Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Revenues Petroleum and chemicals Metals and minerals Forest products Coal Grain and fertilizers Intermodal Automotive Other items Total revenues Operating expenses Labor and fringe benefits (Note 14) Purchased services and material Depreciation and amortization Fuel Equipment rents Casualty and other (Note 2) Total operating expenses Operating income Interest expense (Note 15) Other income (Note 16) Income before income taxes Income tax expense (Note 17) Net income Basic earnings per share (Note 19) Diluted earnings per share (Note 19) $1,058 527 1,284 261 938 1,101 525 190 5,884 1,929 879 472 471 299 466 4,516 1,368 (317) 21 1,072 (338) $÷«734 $««3.84 $««3.79 $1,102 521 1,323 326 986 1,052 591 209 6,110 2,069 908 499 459 353 724 5,012 1,098 (353) 76 821 (268) $÷«553 $««2.78 $««2.73 $÷«923 458 1,088 338 1,161 969 520 195 5,652 1,810 811 463 485 314 403 4,286 1,366 (312) 65 1,119 (392) $÷«727 $««3.72 $««3.62 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 94 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_94-97 Stmts_CDN_R2 20/02/04 8:08 PM Page 95 Consolidated Balance Sheet In millions Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable (Note 4) Material and supplies Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Other Properties (Note 5) Other assets and deferred charges (Note 6) Total assets Liabilities and shareholders’ equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued charges (Note 8) Current portion of long-term debt (Note 10) Other Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Other liabilities and deferred credits (Note 9) Long-term debt (Note 10) Shareholders’ equity: Common shares (Note 11) Contributed surplus Currency translation Retained earnings Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity Subsequent events (Note 24) On behalf of the Board: David G.A. McLean Director December 31, 2003 2002 $÷÷«130 529 120 125 188 1,092 15,158 900 $17,150 $÷÷÷«25 722 127 122 167 1,163 16,898 863 $18,924 $÷1,366 483 73 $÷1,487 574 73 1,922 3,365 1,208 4,175 3,530 166 (38) 2,822 6,480 2,134 3,825 1,335 5,003 3,576 175 132 2,744 6,627 $17,150 $18,924 E. Hunter Harrison Director See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 95 ANG_94-97 Stmts_CDN_R2 20/02/04 8:08 PM Page 96 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity Issued and outstanding common shares Issued and outstanding convertible preferred securities In millions Convertible Common shares preferred Contributed surplus securities Currency translation Retained earnings Total shareholders’ equity Balances December 31, 2000 Net income Stock options exercised (Notes 11, 12) Currency translation Dividends ($0.78 per share) Dividends on convertible preferred securities Balances December 31, 2001 Net income Stock options exercised (Notes 11, 12) Conversion of convertible preferred securities (Note 11) Share repurchase program (Note 11) Currency translation Dividends ($0.86 per share) Dividends on convertible preferred securities Balances December 31, 2002 Net income Stock options exercised and other (Notes 11, 12) Share repurchase program (Note 11) Currency translation Dividends ($1.00 per share) Balances December 31, 2003 190.6 – 2.1 – – – 192.7 – 1.8 6.0 (3.0) – – – 197.5 – 1.9 (10.0) – – 189.4 4.6 – – – – – 4.6 – – (4.6) – – – – – – – – – – – $ 3,124 – 85 – – – 3,209 – 93 327 (53) – – – 3,576 – 136 (182) – – $ 327 – – – – – 327 – – (327) – – – – – – – – – – $ 178 – – – – «$ ÷61 – – 72 – $ 1,949 727 – – (150) $ 5,639 727 85 72 (150) – 178 – – – (3) – – – 175 – – (9) – – – 133 – – – – (1) – – 132 – – – (170) – (12) 2,514 553 – – (147) – (170) (6) 2,744 734 – (465) – (191) (12) 6,361 553 93 – (203) (1) (170) (6) 6,627 734 136 (656) (170) (191) $3,530 $÷÷– $166 $«(38) $2,822 $6,480 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 96 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_94-97 Stmts_CDN_R2 20/02/04 8:08 PM Page 97 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows In millions Operating activities Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities: $««««734 $««««553 $««««727 Depreciation and amortization Deferred income taxes (Note 17) Charge to increase U.S. personal injury and other claims liability (Note 2) Workforce reduction charges (Note 14) Equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (Note 16) Gain on sale of investment (Note 16) Write-down of investment (Note 16) Other changes in: Accounts receivable Material and supplies Accounts payable and accrued charges Other net current assets and liabilities Other Cash provided from operating activities Investing activities Net additions to properties Acquisition of Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (Note 3) Other, net Cash used by investing activities Dividends paid Financing activities Issuance of long-term debt Reduction of long-term debt Issuance of common shares (Note 11) Repurchase of common shares (Note 11) Cash provided from (used by) financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year Supplemental cash flow information Payments for: Interest (Note 15) Workforce reductions (Note 9) Personal injury and other claims (Note 20) Pensions (Note 13) Income taxes (Note 17) See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 478 232 – – (17) – – 153 (3) (96) (27) 46 506 156 281 120 (33) – – (80) – (154) (18) (158) 469 307 – 98 (8) (101) 99 197 11 (378) (26) (163) 1,500 1,173 1,232 (583) – (16) (599) (191) 4,109 (4,141) 83 (656) (605) 105 25 (571) – 95 (476) (179) 3,146 (3,558) 69 (203) (546) (28) 53 (605) (1,278) 119 (1,764) (174) 4,015 (3,336) 61 – 740 34 19 $««««130 $««««««25 $««««««53 $÷÷327 155 126 88 86 $÷÷390 177 156 92 65 $÷÷307 169 149 69 63 Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 97 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 98 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Canadian National Railway Company (CN or the Company), directly and through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the rail transportation business. CN spans Canada and mid-America, from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to the Gulf of Mexico, serving the ports of Vancouver, Prince Rupert, B.C., Montreal, Halifax, New Orleans and Mobile, Alabama, and the key cities of Toronto, Buffalo, Chicago, Detroit, Duluth, Minnesota/Superior, Wisconsin, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Memphis, St. Louis and Jackson, Mississippi, with connections to all points in North America. CN’s revenues are derived from the movement of a diversified and balanced portfolio of goods, including petroleum and chemicals, grain and fertilizers, coal, metals and minerals, forest products, intermodal and automotive. 1 Summary of significant accounting policies These consolidated financial statements are expressed in Canadian dollars, except where otherwise indicated, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Canada (Canadian GAAP). Significant differences between the accounting princi- ples applied in the accompanying financial statements and those under United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) are quantified and explained in Note 22 to the financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period, the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, including those related to personal injury and other claims, environmen- tal matters, depreciation lives, pensions and other post-retirement bene- fits, and income taxes, based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A. Principles of consolidation These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all sub- sidiaries, including Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation (WC) for which the Company acquired control and consolidated effective October 9, 2001. The Company’s investments in which it has significant influence are accounted for using the equity method and all other investments are accounted for using the cost method. B. Revenues Freight revenues are recognized on services performed by the Company, based on the percentage of completed service method. Costs associated with movements are recognized as the service is performed. C. Foreign exchange All of the Company’s United States (U.S.) operations are self-sustaining foreign entities with the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The Company also has an equity investment in an international affiliate based in the United Kingdom with the British pound as its functional currency. Accordingly, the U.S. operations’ assets and liabilities and the Company’s foreign equity investment are translated into Canadian dollars at the rate in effect at the balance sheet date and the revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. All adjustments resulting from the translation of the foreign operations are recorded in Currency translation, which forms part of Shareholders’ equity. The Company designates the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt of the parent company as a foreign exchange hedge of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries. Accordingly, unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses, from the dates of designation, on the translation of the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt are also included in Currency translation. D. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments purchased three months or less from maturity and are stated at cost, which approx- imates market value. E. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable are recorded at cost net of the provision for doubtful accounts that is based on expected collectibility. Any gains or losses on the sale of accounts receivable are calculated by comparing the carrying amount of the accounts receivable sold to the total of the cash proceeds on sale and the fair value of the retained interest in such receivables on the date of transfer. Fair values are determined on a discounted cash flow basis. Costs related to the sale of accounts receivable are recog- nized in earnings in the period incurred. F. Material and supplies Inventory is valued at weighted-average cost for ties, rails, fuel and new materials in stores, and at estimated utility or sales value for usable secondhand, obsolete and scrap materials. G. Properties Railroad properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation including asset impairment write-downs. All costs of materials associated with the installation of rail, ties, ballast and other track improvements are capitalized to the extent they meet the Company’s minimum thresh- old for capitalization. The related labor and overhead costs are also capi- talized for the installation of new, non-replacement track. All other labor and overhead costs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Related interest costs are charged to expense. Included in property addi- tions are the costs of developing computer software for internal use. The cost of railroad properties, less net salvage value, retired or disposed of in the normal course of business is charged to accumulated depreciation, in accordance with the group method of depreciation. The Company reviews the carrying amounts of properties held and used whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such carrying amounts may not be recoverable based on future undiscounted cash flows. Assets that are deemed impaired as a result of such review are recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair value. 98 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 99 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell. Losses resulting from significant line sales are recognized in income when the asset meets the criteria for classification as held for sale whereas losses resulting from abandon- ment are recognized in income when the asset ceases to be used. Gains are recognized in income when they are realized. Company as they become due, include life insurance programs, medical benefits, supplemental pension allowances and free rail travel benefits. The Company amortizes the cumulative unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of the projected benefit obligation at the beginning of the year, over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans. H. Depreciation The cost of properties, including those under capital leases, net of asset impairment write-downs, is depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows: Asset class Track and roadway Rolling stock Buildings Other Annual rate 2% 3% 6% 4% The Company follows the group method of depreciation and as such conducts comprehensive depreciation studies on a periodic basis to assess the reasonableness of the lives of properties based upon current information and historical activities. Such a study was conducted in 2001 for the Company’s Canadian properties. The study did not have a signifi- cant effect on depreciation expense as the benefit of increased asset lives was offset by deficiencies in certain accumulated depreciation bal- ances. Changes in estimated useful lives are accounted for prospectively. I. Pensions Pension costs are determined using actuarial methods. Net periodic benefit cost is charged to income and includes: (i) the cost of pension benefits provided in exchange for employees’ services rendered during the year, (ii) the interest cost of pension obligations, (iii) the amortization of the initial net transition obligation on a straight-line basis over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, (iv) the amortization of prior service costs and amendments over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans, (v) the expected long-term return on pension fund assets, and (vi) the amortization of cumulative unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of, the greater of the beginning of year balances of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets, over the expected average remaining service life of the employee group covered by the plans. The pension plans are funded through contributions determined in accordance with the projected unit credit actuarial cost method. J. Post-retirement benefits other than pensions The Company accrues the cost of post-retirement benefits other than pen- sions using actuarial methods. These benefits, which are funded by the K. Personal injury claims In Canada, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work- related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, including compensation, health care and administration costs. In the U.S., the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. A liability for unasserted occupational disease claims is also accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. L. Environmental expenditures Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed unless they relate to an improvement to the property. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which are not expected to contribute to current or future operations are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are likely, and when the costs, based on a specific plan of action in terms of the technology to be used and the extent of the corrective action required, can be reasonably estimated. M. Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, the change in the net deferred tax asset or liability is included in the computation of net income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using substan- tively enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. N. Derivative financial instruments The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the management of its fuel exposure, and may use them from time to time, in the manage- ment of its interest rate and foreign currency exposures. Gains or losses on such instruments entered into for the purpose of hedging financial risk exposures are deferred and amortized in the results of operations over the life of the hedged asset or liability or over the term of the derivative financial instrument. Income and expense related to hedged derivative financial instruments are recorded in the same category as that generated by the underlying asset or liability. O. Stock-based compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the fair value based approach. The Company retroactively applied this method of accounting to all awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2002 and restated the 2002 compara- tive period to reflect this change in accounting policy, as explained in Note 2 – Accounting changes. For awards of conventional and performance- Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 99 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 100 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) based employee stock options granted before January 1, 2002, the Company did not record compensation cost, and any consideration paid by employees on the exercise of stock options was recorded as share capital. P. Recent accounting pronouncements In July 2003, the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) issued Handbook Section 1100, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This section provides new accounting guidance as to what constitutes generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in Canada and its sources, thereby codifying a GAAP hierarchy. The section also establishes that when financial statements are prepared in accordance with regulatory or legislative requirements that are in conflict with the new GAAP hierarchy, they cannot be described as being in accordance with Canadian GAAP. The section is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2003. The Company’s accounting for Properties has been based on the rules and regulations of the Canadian Transportation Agency’s Uniform Classification of Accounts, which for railways in Canada, were considered Canadian GAAP prior to the issuance of Section 1100. Accordingly, effec- tive January 1, 2004, the Company’s accounting for Properties will be in accordance with the CICA’s Handbook Section 3061, “Property, Plant and Equipment,” on a prospective basis. In June 2003, the CICA issued Accounting Guideline 15, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.” The guideline requires that an enterprise hold- ing other than a voting interest in a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) could, subject to certain conditions, be required to consolidate the VIE if it is considered its primary beneficiary whereby it would absorb the majority of the VIE’s expected losses and/or receive the majority of its expected residual returns. The guideline is effective for fiscal and interim periods beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect this section to have an initial material impact on its financial statements. In March 2003, the CICA issued Handbook Section 3110, “Asset Retirement Obligations.” This section will require that the fair value of an asset retirement obligation be recorded as a liability only when there is a legal obligation associated with a removal activity. This section is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect this section to have a material impact on its financial statements. In December 2002, the CICA issued Handbook Section 3063, “Impairment of Long-Lived Assets.” Section 3063 provides accounting guidance for the determination of long-lived assets to be held and used, to be disposed of other than by sale, or to be disposed of by sale. This section is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2004. The Company does not expect Section 3063 to have an initial material impact on its financial statements upon adoption. 2 Accounting changes 2003 Stock-based compensation The recommendations of the CICA’s Handbook Section 3870, “Stock- Based Compensation and Other Stock-Based Payments,” were effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2002. The section requires the use of a fair value based approach of accounting for all non-employee and certain employee stock-based awards, such as direct awards of stock, awards that call for settlement in cash or other assets, or stock appreciation rights that call for settlement through the issuance of equity instruments. For all other employee stock-based awards, such as stock option awards, the recommendations encouraged but did not require that the fair value based approach be used, until November 2003, when the section was amended to require the expensing of all stock- based compensation awards for fiscal years beginning January 1, 2004. Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value based approach recommended by Section 3870. The Company retroactively applied this method of accounting to all awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2002 and restated the 2002 comparative period to reflect this change in accounting policy. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the restatement had the effect of decreasing net income by $18 million ($0.09 per basic and diluted share), through increased labor and fringe benefits expense. The restate- ment also had the effect of increasing the book value of common shares and decreasing retained earnings by $18 million at December 31, 2002. In 2002, prior to the adoption of the fair value based approach, the Company had applied the intrinsic value method of accounting to its awards of conventional and performance-based employee stock options granted on or after January 1, 2002 and as a result, no compensation cost had been recognized for the year ended December 31, 2002 as no performance-based employee stock options were granted. For awards of conventional and performance-based employee stock options granted before January 1, 2002, the Company did not record compensation cost, and any consideration paid by employees on the exercise of stock options was recorded as share capital. The Company granted 2.0 million and 3.2 million stock options during 2003 and 2002, respectively, which will be expensed over their vesting period based on their estimated fair values on the date of grant, determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company recognized compen- sation cost of $50 million and $18 million, respectively. 100 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 101 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Compensation cost related to stock option awards under the fair value based approach was calculated using the Black-Scholes option- pricing model with the following assumptions: Expected option life (years) Risk-free interest rate Expected stock price volatility Average dividend per share Year ended December 31, 2003 5.0 4.12% 30% $÷1.00 2002 7.0 5.79% 30% $÷0.86 Weighted average fair value of options granted $17.82 $30.98 Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2002 U.S. personal injury and other claims In the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company changed its methodology for estimating its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims, including occupational disease claims and claims for property damage, from a case-by-case approach to an actuarial-based approach. Consequently, for the year ended December 31, 2002, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 million after tax) to increase its provision for these claims. Under the actuarial-based approach, the Company accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occupational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupa- tional disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Under the case-by-case approach, a liability was recorded only when the expected loss was both probable and reasonably estimable based on currently available information. In addition, the Company did not record a liability for unasserted claims, as such amounts could not be reasonably estimated under the case-by-case approach. In 2002, the Company’s U.S. personal injury and other claims expense, including the above-mentioned charge, was $362 million. Had the Company continued to apply the case-by-case approach to its U.S. personal injury and other claims liability, recognizing the effects of the actual claims experience for existing and new claims in the fourth quarter, these expenses would have been approximately $135 million in 2002. 2001 Foreign currency translation In 2001, the Company early adopted the CICA amended recommenda- tions of Section 1650, “Foreign Currency Translation,” which eliminated the deferral and amortization of unrealized translation gains or losses on foreign currency denominated monetary items having a fixed or ascertainable life extending beyond the end of a fiscal year. The section requires translation gains or losses on the above items to be recognized in net income immediately. The cumulative effect of the adoption of the amended section of $93 million ($62 million after tax) had been reflected as a charge to opening retained earnings of 1999. The effect on net income for 2001 was an increase of $1 million. 3 Acquisitions BC Rail In November 2003, the Company entered into an agreement with British Columbia Railway Company, a corporation owned by the Government of the Province of British Columbia (Province), to acquire all the issued and outstanding shares of BC Rail Ltd. and all the partnership units of BC Rail Partnership (collectively BC Rail), and the right to operate over BC Rail’s roadbed under a long-term lease, for a purchase price of $1 billion payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire the industrial freight railway business and operations, including equipment, contracts, and available tax attributes relating to the business, but excluding the roadbed itself, which is to be retained by the Province and leased back to BC Rail for an original term of 60 years with an option to renew for an additional 30 years. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to, among other things, approval under the Competition Act (Canada). On December 2, 2003, the Legislature of British Columbia passed legislation to amend the British Columbia Railway Act and other applicable laws as was required to authorize and permit the consummation of the transaction. The Company anticipates that the Competition Bureau will have completed its review and that the proposed transaction will close in the second quarter of 2004. Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s Railroads and Related Holdings In October 2003, the Company, through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary, entered into an agreement for the acquisition of Great Lakes Transportation LLC’s (GLT) railroads and related holdings for a purchase price of U.S.$380 million payable in cash. The acquisition will be financed by cash on hand and debt. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will acquire two Class II railroads, a Class III switching railroad, and a non-railroad company owning a fleet of eight vessels. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the Company’s obligation to consummate the acquisition is subject to the Company having obtained from the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB) a final, unappealable decision that approves the acquisition or exempts it from regulation and does not impose on the parties conditions that would significantly and adversely affect the anticipated economic benefits of the acquisition to the Company. The Company’s acquisition of the fleet of vessels is also subject to reviews by the U.S. Maritime Administration and Coast Guard, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice Antitrust Division. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 101 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 102 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3 Acquisitions (continued) 4 Accounts receivable On December 1, 2003, the STB ruled that the proposed GLT transac- tion would be considered as a minor transaction for regulatory review purposes. The Company anticipates all regulatory rulings, including a final STB ruling on the proposed transaction, in the second quarter of 2004. If the proposed BC Rail and GLT transactions are completed, the Company will account for them using the purchase method of account- ing as required by Section 1581, “Business Combinations,” and Section 3062, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” of the CICA Handbook. Under this method, the Company will prepare its financial statements reflecting the allocation of the purchase price to acquire BC Rail and GLT’s railroads and related holdings, based on the relative fair values of their assets and liabilities. The results of operations of the Company will reflect the effects of the acquisitions as of the date of acquisition. Wisconsin Central Transportation Corporation On October 9, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of WC for an acquisition cost of $1,301 million (U.S.$833 million) and accounted for the merger using the purchase method of accounting. As such, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabili- ties and results of operations of WC as of October 9, 2001, the date of acquisition. The acquisition was financed by debt and cash on hand. In millions Freight Trade Accrued Non-freight Provision for doubtful accounts December 31, 2003 2002 $252 55 277 584 (55) $529 $321 150 310 781 (59) $722 In June 2003, the Company renewed its accounts receivable securiti- zation program for a term of three years, to June 2006. Under the terms of the renewal, the Company may sell, on a revolving basis, a maximum of $450 million of eligible freight trade and other receivables outstanding at any point in time, to an unrelated trust. The Company has a contin- gent residual interest of approximately 10% of receivables sold, which is recorded in Other current assets. The Company has retained the responsi- bility for servicing, administering and collecting freight receivables sold. Other income included $9 million in both 2003 and 2002, and $10 million in 2001 for costs related to the agreement, which fluctuate with changes in prevailing interest rates. At December 31, 2003, pursuant to the agreement, $448 million had been sold compared to $350 million at December 31, 2002. 5 Properties In millions Track, roadway and land Rolling stock Buildings Other Capital leases included in properties December 31, 2003 Accumulated depreciation $3,544 1,399 817 505 $6,265 $÷«290 Cost $15,094 3,658 1,773 898 $21,423 $÷1,380 Net $11,550 2,259 956 393 $15,158 $÷1,090 December 31, 2002 Accumulated depreciation $3,604 1,392 778 511 $6,285 $÷«244 Cost $16,727 3,841 1,723 892 $23,183 $÷1,348 Net $13,123 2,449 945 381 $16,898 $÷1,104 The Company’s properties under capital lease are primarily for locomotives, freight cars and intermodal equipment. 6 Other assets and deferred charges In millions December 31, Prepaid benefit cost (Note 13) Investments Deferred receivables Unamortized debt issue costs Other 2003 $411 367 69 35 18 2002 $353 380 88 41 1 $900 $863 Investments As at December 31, 2003, the Company had $356 million ($368 million at December 31, 2002) of investments accounted for under the equity method and $11 million ($12 million at December 31, 2002) of invest- ments accounted for under the cost method. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) As at December 31, 2003, the Company owned approximately 40% of EWS, a company which provides most of the rail freight services in Great Britain and operates freight trains through the English Channel tunnel, and accounted for this investment using the equity method. At December 31, 2003, the excess of the Company’s share of the book value of EWS’ net assets over the carrying value of the investment is not significant. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) Investment in Tranz Rail Holdings Limited (Tranz Rail) and Australian Transport Network Limited (ATN) In 2002, the Company sold its interests in Tranz Rail and ATN for aggre- gate net proceeds of $69 million, which approximated the carrying value of the investments. Prior to the sale, the Company had accounted for these investments as “available for sale.” 102 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 103 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7 Credit facility The Company has a U.S.$1,000 million three-year revolving credit facility expiring in 2005. The credit facility provides for borrowings at various interest rates, including the Canadian prime rate, bankers’ acceptance rates, the U.S. federal funds effective rate and the London Interbank Offer Rate, plus applicable margins. The credit facility agree- ment contains customary financial covenants, based on U.S. GAAP, including limitations on debt as a percentage of total capitalization and maintenance of tangible net worth above pre-defined levels. The Company has been consistently in compliance with these financial covenants. The Company’s borrowings of U.S.$90 million (Cdn$142 mil- lion) outstanding at December 31, 2002 were entirely repaid in the first quarter of 2003. At December 31, 2003, the Company had borrowings under its revolving credit facility of U.S.$180 million (Cdn$233 million) at an average interest rate of 1.49%. As at December 31, 2003, letters of credit under the revolving credit facility amounted to $319 million. The Company’s commercial paper program is backed by its revolv- ing credit facility. As at December 31, 2003, the Company did not have any outstanding commercial paper compared to U.S.$136 million (Cdn$214 million) as at December 31, 2002. 8 Accounts payable and accrued charges A. Workforce reduction provisions (Note 14) The workforce reduction provisions, which cover employees in both Canada and the United States, are mainly comprised of payments related to severance, early retirement incentives and bridging to early retirement, the majority of which will be disbursed within the next three years. Payments have reduced the provisions by $155 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 ($177 million for the year ended December 31, 2002). As at December 31, 2003, the aggregate provisions, including the current portion, amounted to $225 million ($421 million as at December 31, 2002). B. Post-retirement benefits other than pensions (i) Change in benefit obligation In millions Year ended December 31, Benefit obligation at beginning of year Amendments Actuarial loss Interest cost Service cost Foreign currency changes Benefits paid Benefit obligation at end of year 2003 $444 8 33 26 14 (49) (22) 2002 $309 18 101 23 13 (1) (19) $454 $444 2003 $«454 (130) (34) 2002 $«444 (122) (38) $«290 $«284 In millions Trade payables Income and other taxes Payroll-related accruals Accrued charges Accrued interest Personal injury and other claims provision Workforce reduction provisions Accrued operating leases Other December 31, 2003 2002 (ii) Funded status $÷«444 $÷«436 In millions December 31, 270 205 131 94 93 89 12 28 251 235 113 104 136 168 18 26 Unfunded benefit obligation at end of year Unrecognized net actuarial loss Unrecognized prior service cost Accrued benefit cost for post-retirement benefits other than pensions (iii) Components of net periodic benefit cost $1,366 $1,487 In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 9 Other liabilities and deferred credits Interest cost Service cost Amortization of prior service cost Recognized net actuarial loss In millions December 31, 2003 2002 Net periodic benefit cost $26 14 6 8 $54 $23 13 5 4 $45 $19 11 3 2 $35 Personal injury and other claims provision, net of current portion $÷«497 $÷«528 Workforce reduction provisions, net of current portion (A) Accrual for post-retirement benefits other than pensions (B) Environmental reserve, net of current portion Deferred credits and other 136 290 62 223 253 284 81 189 (iv) Weighted-average assumptions To determine benefit obligation December 31, 2003 2002 2001 $1,208 $1,335 Discount rate Rate of compensation increase To determine net periodic benefit cost Discount rate Rate of compensation increase 6.00% 3.75% 6.65% 4.00% 6.65% 4.00% 6.97% 4.00% 6.97% 4.00% 6.95% 4.25% Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 103 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 104 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 9 Other liabilities and deferred credits (continued) (v) For measurement purposes, increases in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits were assumed to be 16% for 2004 and 17% for 2003. It is assumed that the rate will decrease gradually to 8% in 2012 and remain at that level thereafter. A one-percentage-point change in the assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effect: In millions Effect on total service and interest costs Effect on benefit obligation One-percentage-point Increase Decrease $÷3 30 $÷(2) (25) In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”) was signed into law in the United States. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans 10 Long-term debt In millions Debentures and notes: (A) Canadian National series: 7.00% 10-year notes 6.45% Puttable Reset Securities (PURS) (B) 6.38% 10-year notes (C) 4.40% 10-year notes (C) 6.80% 20-year notes (C) 7.63% 30-year debentures 6.90% 30-year notes (C) 7.38% 30-year debentures (C) 6.63% 10-year notes Illinois Central series: 7.75% 10-year notes 6.98% 12-year notes 6.63% 10-year notes 5.00% 99-year income debentures 7.70% 100-year debentures 6.75% 10-year notes Wisconsin Central series: 6.63% 10-year notes Total debentures and notes Other: Revolving credit facility (A) (Note 7) Commercial paper (D) (Note 7) Capital lease obligations and other (E) Total other Subtotal Less: Current portion of long-term debt Net unamortized discount that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to the Medicare benefit. The 2003 benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost presented above do not reflect the effects of the Act. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the Act on its health care benefit plans and its financial statements. Specific authoritative guidance on the accounting for the federal subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require a change in previously reported information. (vi) The estimated future benefit payments for each of the next five years and the subsequent five-year period are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Years 2009 to 2013 $÷24 25 26 27 28 150 Currency in which payable Maturity December 31, 2002 2003 Mar. 15, 2004 July 15, 2006 Oct. 15, 2011 Mar. 15, 2013 July 15, 2018 May 15, 2023 July 15, 2028 Oct. 15, 2031 May 15, 2003 May 1, 2005 July 12, 2007 June 9, 2008 Dec. 1, 2056 Sep. 15, 2096 May 15, 2003 U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ April 15, 2008 U.S.$ U.S.$ U.S.$ Various $÷«344 $÷«419 324 518 518 259 194 615 259 – 129 65 26 10 162 – 194 3,617 233 – 822 1,055 4,672 483 14 497 394 631 – 315 236 749 315 236 158 79 32 12 197 158 236 4,167 142 214 1,068 1,424 5,591 574 14 588 $4,175 $5,003 104 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 105 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements A. The Company’s debentures, notes and revolving credit facility are unsecured. B. The PURS contain imbedded simultaneous put and call options at par. At the time of issuance, the Company sold the option to call the securi- ties on July 15, 2006 (the reset date). If the call option is exercised, the imbedded put option is automatically triggered, resulting in the redemp- tion of the original PURS. The call option holder will then have the right to remarket the securities at a new coupon rate for an additional 30-year term ending July 15, 2036. The new coupon rate will be determined according to a pre-set mechanism based on market conditions then prevailing. If the call option is not exercised, the put option is deemed to have been exercised, resulting in the redemption of the PURS on July 15, 2006. C. These debt securities are redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, at any time, at the greater of par and a formula price based on interest rates prevailing at the time of redemption. D. The Company has a commercial paper program, which is backed by its revolving credit facility, enabling it to issue commercial paper up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $800 million, or the U.S. dollar equivalent. Commercial paper debt is due within one year but is classi- fied as long-term debt, reflecting the Company’s intent and contractual ability to refinance the short-term borrowing through subsequent issuances of commercial paper or drawing down on the revolving credit facility. E. Interest rates for the capital leases range from approximately 1.9% to 11.9% with maturity dates in the years 2004 through 2025. The imputed interest on these leases amounted to $395 million as at December 31, 2003, and $498 million as at December 31, 2002. The capital lease obligations are secured by properties with a net carrying amount of $1,091 million as at December 31, 2003 and $1,122 million as at December 31, 2002. During 2003, the Company recorded $47 million in assets it acquired through the exercise of purchase options on existing leases and leases for new equipment ($114 million in 2002). An equivalent amount was recorded in debt. F. Long-term debt maturities, including repurchase arrangements and capital lease repayments on debt outstanding as at December 31, 2003 but excluding repayment of the revolving credit facility of $233 million, for the next five years and thereafter, are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 and thereafter $÷«483 214 371 147 238 2,972 G. The aggregate amount of debt payable in U.S. currency as at December 31, 2003 is U.S.$3,273 million (Cdn$4,236 million) and U.S.$3,164 million (Cdn$4,987 million) as at December 31, 2002. 11 Capital stock and convertible preferred securities A. Authorized capital stock The authorized capital stock of the Company is as follows: • Unlimited number of Common Shares, without par value • Unlimited number of Class A Preferred Shares, without par value issuable in series • Unlimited number of Class B Preferred Shares, without par value issuable in series B. Issued and outstanding common shares During 2003, the Company issued 1.9 million shares (1.8 million shares in 2002 and 2.1 million shares in 2001) related to stock options exer- cised. The total number of common shares issued and outstanding was 189.4 million as at December 31, 2003. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) In 2002, the Company issued 6.0 million common shares related to the conversion of the Company’s convertible preferred securities. C. Convertible preferred securities (“Securities”) On May 6, 2002, the Company met the conditions required to terminate the Securities holders’ right to convert their Securities into common shares of the Company, and had set the conversion termination date as July 3, 2002. The conditions were met when the Company’s common share price exceeded 120% of the conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per share for a specified period, and all accrued interest on the Securities had been paid. On July 3, 2002, Securities that had not been previously surrendered for conversion were deemed converted, resulting in the issuance of 6.0 million common shares of the Company. In 1999, the Company had issued 4.6 million 5.25% Securities due on June 30, 2029, at U.S.$50 per Security. These Securities were subordi- nated securities convertible into common shares of CN at the option of the holder at an original conversion price of U.S.$38.48 per common share, representing an original conversion rate of 1.2995 common shares for each Security. D. Share repurchase program In 2002, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a share repur- chase program which allowed for the repurchase of up to 13.0 million common shares between October 25, 2002 and October 24, 2003 pur- suant to a normal course issuer bid, at prevailing market prices. In 2003, the Company repurchased 10.0 million common shares for $656 million, at an average price of $65.58 per share. The Company has completed its program, repurchasing 13.0 million common shares for $859 million, at an average price of $66.06 per share. 12 Stock plans The Company has various stock-based incentive plans for eligible employ- ees. A description of the Company’s major plans is provided below: A. Employee share plan The Company has an Employee Share Investment Plan (ESIP) giving eligible employees the opportunity to subscribe for up to 10% (6% prior to 2003) of their gross salaries to purchase shares of the Company’s Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 105 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 106 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 12 Stock plans (continued) common stock on the open market and to have the Company invest, on the employees’ behalf, a further 35% of the amount invested by the employees, up to 6% of their gross salaries. Participation at December 31, 2003 was 8,894 employees (8,911 at December 31, 2002). The total number of ESIP shares purchased on behalf of employees, including the Company’s contributions, was 570,140 in 2003, 497,459 in 2002 and 516,726 in 2001, resulting in a pre-tax charge to income of $8 million, $9 million and $8 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. B. Mid-term incentive share unit plan The Company has a share unit plan, which was approved by the Board of Directors in 2001, for designated senior management employees enti- tling them to receive payout on June 30, 2004. The share units vest conditionally upon the attainment of targets relating to the Company’s share price during the six-month period ending June 30, 2004. At December 31, 2003, the total number of share units outstanding was 378,372 (419,900 at December 31, 2002), representing a potential compensation cost at June 30, 2004, the award payout date, equal to the number of share units vested on June 30, 2004 multiplied by the Company’s share price on June 30, 2004. For the period ended December 31, 2003, the Company recorded compensation cost of $7 mil- lion and no compensation cost was recorded for 2002 and 2001. At December 31, 2003, 86,628 share units (45,100 at December 31, 2002) remained authorized for future issuances under this plan. C. Stock options The Company has stock option plans for eligible employees to acquire common shares of the Company upon vesting at a price equal to the market value of the common shares at the date of granting. The options are exercisable during a period not exceeding 10 years. The right to exer- cise options generally accrues over a period of four years of continuous employment. Options are not generally exercisable during the first 12 months after the date of grant. At December 31, 2003, an additional 0.8 million common shares remained authorized for future issuances under these plans. Options issued by the Company include conventional options, which vest over a period of time, performance options, which vest upon the attainment of Company targets relating to the operating ratio and unlev- ered return on investment, and performance-accelerated options, which vest on the sixth anniversary of the grant or prior if certain Company targets relating to return on investment and revenues are attained. The total conventional, performance, and performance-accelerated options outstanding at December 31, 2003 were 7.5 million, 1.3 million and 2.0 million, respectively. Changes in the Company’s stock options are as follows: Outstanding at December 31, 2000 (1) Conversion of WC options Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2001 (1)(2) Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2002 (1)(2) Granted Canceled and expired Exercised Outstanding at December 31, 2003 (1)(2) Weighted- average exercise price Number of options In millions 8.9 1.0 2.4 (0.3) (2.1) 9.9 3.2 (0.2) (1.8) 11.1 2.0 (0.4) (1.9) 10.8 $34.95 $58.63 $50.65 $46.01 $30.43 $43.62 $76.78 $56.98 $39.16 $53.50 $61.42 $67.67 $39.90 $55.74 (1) Includes IC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. (2) Includes WC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Stock options outstanding and exercisable as at December 31, 2003 were as follows: Range of exercise prices $13.50–$23.72 $25.75–$35.01 $35.21–$49.45 $50.02–$69.77 $72.03 and above Balance at December 31, 2003 (1) Options outstanding Options exercisable Number of options In millions 0.2 1.5 2.1 4.0 3.0 10.8 Weighted- average years to expiration Weighted- average exercise price 2 5 5 8 8 7 $«21.64 $«33.98 $«43.91 $«56.14 $«76.79 $55.74 Weighted- average exercise price Number of options In millions 0.2 1.1 2.1 0.9 0.7 5.0 $«21.64 $«33.57 $«43.91 $«50.98 $«76.83 $47.09 (1) Includes IC and WC converted stock options translated to Canadian dollars using the foreign exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, the Company had 4.9 million and 4.5 million options exercisable at a weighted-average exercise price of $44.01 and $41.86, respectively. 106 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 107 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Compensation cost for awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2002 was determined using the fair value based approach in accordance with the CICA Handbook Section 3870, “Stock-Based Compensation and Other Stock-Based Payments,” as explained in Note 2 – Accounting changes. Compensation cost recognized for stock option awards was $43 million and $18 million in 2003 and 2002, respectively. No compensation cost was recognized for stock-based awards in 2001. Disclosures required under the fair value based accounting approach are presented in Note 2 – Accounting changes. Description of fund assets The assets of the Pension Plan are accounted for separately in the CN Pension Trust Funds and consist of cash and short-term investments, bonds, mortgages, Canadian and foreign equities, real estate, and oil and gas assets. The assets of the Pension Plan have a fair market value of $11,573 million as at December 31, 2003 ($11,069 million at December 31, 2002). The Pension Plan’s target percentage allocation and weighted-average asset allocations as at December 31, 2003 and 2002, by asset category are as follows: 13 Pensions The Company has retirement benefit plans under which substantially all of its employees are entitled to benefits at retirement age, generally based on compensation and length of service and/or contributions. The information in the tables that follow pertains to all such plans. However, the following descriptions relate solely to the Company’s main pension plan, the CN Pension Plan (the Pension Plan), unless otherwise specified. The Company’s other pension plans are not significant. Description of Pension Plan The Pension Plan is a contributory defined benefit pension plan that covers the majority of CN employees. It provides for pensions based mainly on years of service and final average pensionable earnings and is generally applicable from the first day of employment. Indexation of pensions is provided after retirement through a gain (loss) sharing mech- anism, subject to guaranteed minimum increases. An independent trust company is the Trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds (CN Pension Trust Funds). As Trustee, the trust company performs certain duties, which include holding legal title to the assets of the CN Pension Trust Funds and ensuring that the Company, as Administrator, complies with the provisions of the Pension Plan and the related legisla- tion. The Company utilizes a measurement date of December 31 for the Pension Plan. Funding policy Employee contributions to the Pension Plan are determined by the plan rules. Company contributions are in accordance with the requirements of the Government of Canada legislation, The Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985, and are determined by actuarial valuations conducted at least on a triennial basis. These valuations are made in accordance with leg- islative requirements and with the recommendations of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries for the valuation of pension plans. The latest actu- arial valuation of the Pension Plan was conducted as at December 31, 2002 and indicated a funding excess. Total contributions for all of the Company’s pension plans are expected to be approximately $93 million in each of 2004, 2005 and 2006 based on the plans’ current position. All of the Company’s contributions are expected to be in the form of cash. Plan assets by category Equity securities Debt securities Real estate Other Target Allocation 53% 40% 4% 3% 100% December 31, 2003 56% 38% 3% 3% 100% 2002 53% 41% 3% 3% 100% The Company follows a disciplined investment strategy, which limits concentration of investments by asset class, foreign currency, sector or company. The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors has approved an investment policy that establishes long-term asset mix targets based on a review of historical returns achieved by world- wide investment markets. Investment managers may deviate from these targets but their performance is evaluated in relation to the market performance of the target mix. The Company does not anticipate the return on plan assets to fluctuate materially from related capital market indices. The Investment Committee reviews investments regularly with specific approval required for major investments in illiquid securi- ties. The policy also permits the use of derivative financial instruments to implement asset mix decisions or to hedge existing or anticipated exposures. The Pension Plan does not invest in the securities of the Company or its subsidiaries. Assumptions Weighted-average assumptions December 31, 2003 2002 2001 To determine benefit obligation Discount rate Rate of compensation increase To determine net periodic benefit cost Discount rate Rate of compensation increase Expected return on plan assets 6.00% 3.75% 6.50% 4.00% 8.00% 6.50% 4.00% 6.50% 4.00% 6.50% 4.00% 9.00% 6.50% 4.25% 9.00% To develop its expected long-term rate of return assumption used in the calculation of net periodic benefit cost (income) applicable to the market-related value of assets, the Company considers both its past experience and future estimates of long-term investment returns, the expected composition of the plans’ assets as well as the expected long-term market returns in the future. The Company has elected to use a market-related value of assets, whereby realized and unrealized Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 107 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 108 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 13 Pensions (continued) gains/losses and appreciation/depreciation in the value of the invest- ments are recognized over a period of five years, while investment income is recognized immediately. $98 million, and $74 million, respectively, as at December 31, 2003, and $116 million, $112 million, and $77 million, respectively, as at December 31, 2002. (d) Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) Information about the Company’s defined benefit pension plans (a) Change in benefit obligation Year ended December 31, In millions Service cost Interest cost In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Amortization of net transition obligation Amortization of prior service cost Benefit obligation at beginning of year $11,243 $11,156 Expected return on plan assets Interest cost Actuarial (gain) loss Service cost Plan participants’ contributions Foreign currency changes Benefit payments and transfers Benefit obligation at end of year (b) Change in plan assets 712 478 94 60 (21) (691) 714 (92) 99 61 (1) (694) $11,875 $11,243 In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $11,182 $11,763 Employer contributions Plan participants’ contributions Foreign currency changes Actual return on plan assets Benefit payments and transfers Fair value of plan assets at end of year (c) Funded status In millions Deficiency of fair value of plan assets over benefit obligation at end of year (1) Unrecognized net actuarial loss (1) Unrecognized net transition obligation Unrecognized prior service cost Net amount recognized as Prepaid benefit cost (Note 6) 86 60 (15) 1,049 (691) $11,671 92 61 (1) (39) (694) $(204) 522 – 93 $«411 $«(61) 282 19 113 $353 December 31, 2003 2002 2003 $÷«94 712 19 20 (819) 2 $÷«28 2002 $÷«99 714 20 20 (874) 1 2001 $÷«92 701 20 20 (846) – $÷(20) $÷(13) Recognized net actuarial loss Net periodic benefit cost (income) (e) Estimated future benefit payments The estimated future benefit payments for each of the next five years and the subsequent five-year period are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Years 2009 to 2013 $÷«725 743 762 780 800 4,000 $11,182 14 Workforce reduction charges In 2002, the Company announced 1,146 job reductions in a renewed drive to improve productivity in all its corporate and operating functions, and recorded a charge of $120 million, $79 million after tax. In 2001, a charge of $98 million, $62 million after tax, was recorded for the reduc- tion of 690 positions. Reductions relating to these charges were 388 in 2001, 433 in 2002, with the remainder completed in 2003. The charges included payments for severance, early retirement incentives and bridg- ing to early retirement, to be made to affected employees. (1) Subject to future reduction for gain sharing under the terms of the plan. The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $11,256 million and $10,847 million at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the pension plan with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets were $103 million, 15 Interest expense In millions Year ended December 31, Interest on debt and capital leases Interest income Cash interest payments 2003 $318 (1) $317 $327 2002 $353 – $353 $390 2001 $314 (2) $312 $307 108 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_098-117_Notes_CDN_R4 5/3/04 14:41 Page 109 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 16 Other income In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 In millions Year ended December 31, Gain on disposal of properties Equity in earnings of English Welsh and Scottish Railway (Note 6) Investment income Foreign exchange gain (loss) Gain on sale of interest in Detroit River Tunnel Company (A) Write-down of investment in 360networks Inc. (B) Net real estate costs Other 2003 $«56 17 1 (3) – – (19) (31) $«21 2002 $«41 33 18 12 – – (15) (13) $«76 2001 $«53 8 22 7 101 (99) (20) (7) $«65 Income before income taxes Canada U.S. Current income taxes Canada U.S. Deferred income taxes Canada U.S. A. In March 2001, the Company completed the sale of its 50 percent interest in the Detroit River Tunnel Company (DRT) for proceeds of $112 million and recorded a gain of $101 million, $82 million after tax. The DRT is a 1.6 mile rail-only tunnel crossing the Canada-U.S. border between Detroit and Windsor, Ontario. B. In June 2001, the Company recorded a charge of $99 million, $77 mil- lion after tax, to write down 100% of its net investment in 360networks Inc. and subsequently sold all of its shares. 17 Income taxes Cash payments for income taxes are as follows: In millions Deferred income tax assets Workforce reduction provisions Accruals and other reserves Post-retirement benefits Losses and tax credit carryforwards The Company’s consolidated effective income tax rate differs from the statutory Federal tax rate. The reconciliation of income tax expense is as follows: Deferred income tax liabilities Prepaid benefit cost for pensions Properties and other $1,052 20 $1,072 $÷÷(94) (12) $÷(106) $÷(244) 12 $÷(232) $÷÷«86 $«882 (61) $«821 $÷«955 164 $1,119 $(130) $÷÷(99) 18 14 $(112) $÷÷(85) $(161) $÷(226) 5 $(156) $÷«65 (81) $÷(307) $÷÷«63 December 31, 2003 2002 $÷÷«81 $÷«144 252 106 81 520 147 3,613 3,760 263 99 69 575 126 4,152 4,278 Significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Federal tax rate Income tax expense at the statutory Federal tax rate Income tax (expense) recovery resulting from: Provincial and other taxes Deferred income tax adjustments due to rate enactments Gain on disposals and dividends Adjustments to prior years’ income taxes (1) Other Income tax expense 24.1% 26.1% 28.1% $««(258) $««(219) $««(314) (144) (97) (134) (33) 11 44 42 – 6 – 42 – 27 – 29 $««(338) $««(268) $««(392) (1) Adjustments relating mainly to the resolution of matters pertaining to prior years’ income taxes. Total net deferred income tax liability $3,240 $3,703 Total net deferred income tax liability Canada U.S. Total net deferred income tax liability Net current deferred income tax asset Long-term deferred income tax liability $÷«630 2,610 $3,240 $3,240 125 $3,365 $÷«436 3,267 $3,703 $3,703 122 $3,825 It is more likely than not that the Company will realize its deferred income tax assets from the generation of future taxable income, as the payments for provisions, reserves and accruals are made and losses and tax credit carryforwards are utilized. At December 31, 2003, the Company had $187 million of operating loss carryforwards available to reduce the future taxable income of its U.S. operations, expiring between 2010 and 2023. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 109 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 110 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 17 Income taxes (continued) 20 Major commitments and contingencies The Company recognized tax credits of $15 million in 2003 for research and development expenditures ($9 million in 2002 for research and development expenditures and $35 million in 2001 for investment tax credits) not previously recognized, which reduced the cost of properties. 18 Segmented information The Company operates in one business segment with operations in Canada and the United States. Information on geographic areas In millions Revenues Canadian rail U.S. rail In millions Properties Canadian rail U.S. rail Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 $3,707 2,177 $5,884 $3,726 2,384 $6,110 $3,675 1,977 $5,652 December 31, 2003 2002 $««6,376 8,782 $15,158 $÷6,274 10,624 $16,898 19 Earnings per share Year ended December 31, Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 2003 $3.84 $3.79 2002 $2.78 $2.73 2001 $3.72 $3.62 The following table provides a reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share: In millions Net income Year ended December 31, Dividends on convertible preferred securities (Note 11) Weighted-average shares outstanding Effect of dilutive securities and stock options Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding 2003 $734 – $734 191.2 2.6 193.8 2002 $553 6 $547 196.7 6.1 202.8 2001 $727 12 $715 192.1 8.9 201.0 For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, the weighted- average number of stock options that were not included in the calcula- tion of diluted earnings per share, as their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive impact, was 4.5 million and 3.2 million, respectively. (Note 24 – Subsequent events) A. Leases The Company has lease commitments for locomotives, freight cars and intermodal equipment, many of which provide the option to purchase the leased items at fixed values during or at the end of the lease term. As at December 31, 2003, the Company’s commitments under operating and capital leases were $874 million and $1,141 million, respectively. Minimum lease payments in each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows: In millions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 and thereafter Less: imputed interest on capital leases at rates ranging from approximately 1.9% to 11.9% Present value of minimum lease payments at current rate included in debt Operating Capital $181 $÷«155 147 127 111 79 229 107 75 117 41 646 $874 1,141 395 $÷«746 Rent expense for operating leases was $230 million, $269 million and $258 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Contingent rentals and sublease rentals were not significant. B. Other commitments As at December 31, 2003, the Company had commitments to acquire railroad ties, rail, freight cars, locomotives and other equipment at an aggregate cost of $211 million. Furthermore, as at December 31, 2003, the Company had outstanding information technology service contracts of $21 million and agreements with fuel suppliers to purchase approxi- mately 34% of its anticipated 2004 volume and 12% of its anticipated 2005 volume at market prices prevailing on the date of the purchase. C. Contingencies In the normal course of its operations, the Company becomes involved in various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injuries, occu- pational disease and damage to property. In Canada, employee injuries are governed by the workers’ compen- sation legislation in each province whereby employees may be awarded either a lump sum or future stream of payments depending on the nature and severity of the injury. Accordingly, the Company accounts for costs related to employee work-related injuries based on actuarially developed estimates of the ultimate cost associated with such injuries, 110 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 111 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements including compensation, health care and administration costs. For all other legal actions, the Company maintains, and regularly updates on a case-by-case basis, provisions for such items when the expected loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated based on currently available information. In the United States, employee work-related injuries, including occu- pational disease claims, are compensated according to the provisions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA), which requires either the finding of fault through the U.S. jury system or individual settlements, and represent a major expense for the railroad industry. The Company follows an actuarial-based approach and accrues the cost for the expected personal injury and property damage claims and existing occu- pational disease claims, based on actuarial estimates of their ultimate cost. The Company is unable to estimate the total cost for unasserted occupational disease claims. However, a liability for unasserted occupa- tional disease claims is accrued to the extent they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. In 2003, the Company’s expenses for personal injury and other claims, net of recoveries, were $127 million ($393 million in 2002 and $78 mil- lion in 2001) and payments for such items were $126 million ($156 mil- lion in 2002 and $149 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate reserves for personal injury and other claims of $590 million ($664 million at December 31, 2002). Although the Company considers such provisions to be adequate for all its outstanding and pending claims, the final outcome with respect to actions outstanding or pending at December 31, 2003, or with respect to future claims, cannot be predicted with certainty, and therefore there can be no assurance that their resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year. D. Environmental matters The Company’s operations are subject to federal, provincial, state, munic- ipal and local regulations under environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other things, emissions into the air; discharges into waters; the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste, hazardous substances, and other materials; decommis- sioning of underground and aboveground storage tanks; and soil and groundwater contamination. A risk of environmental liability is inherent in railroad and related transportation operations; real estate ownership, operation or control; and other commercial activities of the Company with respect to both current and past operations. As a result, the Company incurs significant compliance and capital costs, on an ongoing basis, associated with environmental regulatory compliance and clean-up requirements in its railroad operations and relating to its past and pre- sent ownership, operation or control of real property. While the Company believes that it has identified the costs likely to be incurred in the next several years, based on known information, for environmental matters, the Company’s ongoing efforts to identify potential environmental concerns that may be associated with its proper- ties may lead to future environmental investigations, which may result in the identification of additional environmental costs and liabilities. The magnitude of such additional liabilities and the costs of complying with environmental laws and containing or remediating contamination cannot be reasonably estimated due to: (i) (ii) the lack of specific technical information available with respect to many sites; the absence of any government authority, third-party orders, or claims with respect to particular sites; (iii) the potential for new or changed laws and regulations and for development of new remediation technologies and uncertainty regarding the timing of the work with respect to particular sites; (iv) the ability to recover costs from any third parties with respect to particular sites; and therefore, the likelihood of any such costs being incurred or whether such costs would be material to the Company cannot be determined at this time. There can thus be no assurance that material liabilities or costs related to environmental matters will not be incurred in the future, or will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial posi- tion or results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year, or that the Company’s liquidity will not be adversely impacted by such environ- mental liabilities or costs. Although the effect on operating results and liquidity cannot be reasonably estimated, management believes, based on current information, that environmental matters will not have a mate- rial adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or competitive position. Costs related to any future remediation will be accrued in the year in which they become known. In 2003, the Company’s expenses relating to environmental matters, net of recoveries, were $6 million ($6 million in 2002 and $7 million in 2001) and payments for such items were $12 million ($16 million in 2002 and $14 million in 2001). As at December 31, 2003, the Company had aggregate accruals for environmental costs of $83 million ($106 mil- lion as at December 31, 2002). The Company anticipates that the major- ity of the liability at December 31, 2003 will be paid out over the next five years. In addition, related environmental capital expenditures were $23 mil- lion in 2003 and $19 million in both 2002 and 2001. The Company expects to incur capital expenditures relating to environmental matters of approximately $14 million in 2004, $12 million in 2005 and $10 million in 2006. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 111 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 112 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 20 Major commitments and contingencies (continued) E. Guarantees Effective January 1, 2003, the Company is required to disclose its obliga- tions undertaken in issuing certain guarantees on the date the guarantee is issued or modified. Where the Company expects to make a payment in respect of a guarantee, a liability will be recognized to the extent that one has not yet been recognized. Guarantee of residual values of operating leases The Company has guaranteed a portion of the residual values of certain of its assets under operating leases with expiry dates between 2006 and 2012, for the benefit of the lessor. If the fair value of the assets, at the end of their respective lease term, is less than the fair value, as estimated at the inception of the lease, then the Company must, under certain con- ditions, compensate the lessor for the shortfall. At December 31, 2003, the maximum exposure in respect of these guarantees was $78 million for which the Company has not recorded a liability as the Company does not expect to make any payments pertaining to the guarantees of these leases. In 2003, the Company issued guarantees for which the fair value at December 31, 2003 was $2 million. There are no recourse provisions to recover any amounts from third parties. Other guarantees The Company, including certain of its subsidiaries, has granted irrevoca- ble standby letters of credit and surety bonds, issued by highly rated financial institutions, to third parties to indemnify them in the event the Company does not perform its contractual obligations. As at December 31, 2003, the maximum potential liability under these guarantees was $411 million of which $334 million was for workers’ compensation and other employee benefits and $77 million was for equipment under leases and other. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had not recorded a liability with respect to these guarantees, as the Company does not expect to make any additional payments associated with these guarantees. The guarantee instruments mature at various dates between 2004 and 2007. F. Indemnifications CN Pension Plan and CN 1935 Pension Plan The Company has indemnified and held harmless the current trustee and the former trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds, and the respective officers, directors, employees and agents of such trustees, from any and all taxes, claims, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses arising out of the performance of their obligations under the relevant trust agreements and trust deeds, including in respect of their reliance on authorized instructions of the Company or for failing to act in the absence of authorized instructions. These indemnifications survive the termination of such agreements or trust deeds. As at December 31, 2003, the Company had not recorded a liability associated with these indemnifications, as the Company does not expect to make any payments pertaining to these indemnifications. General indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company has provided indemnifica- tions, customary for the type of transaction or for the railway business, in various agreements with third parties, including indemnification provi- sions where the Company would be required to indemnify third parties and others. Indemnifications are found in various types of contracts with third parties which include, but are not limited to, (a) contracts granting the Company the right to use or enter upon property owned by third par- ties such as leases, easements, trackage rights and sidetrack agreements; (b) contracts granting rights to others to use the Company’s property, such as leases, licenses and easements; (c) contracts for the sale of assets and securitization of accounts receivable; (d) contracts for the acquisition of services; (e) financing agreements; (f) trust indentures, fis- cal agency agreements, underwriting agreements or similar agreements relating to debt or equity securities of the Company and engagement agreements with financial advisors; (g) transfer agent and registrar agreements in respect of the Company’s securities; (h) trust agreements establishing trust funds to secure the payment to certain officers and senior employees of special retirement compensation arrangements or plans; (i) master agreements with financial institutions governing deriva- tive transactions; and (j) settlement agreements with insurance compa- nies or other third parties whereby such insurer or third party has been indemnified for any present or future claims relating to insurance poli- cies, incidents or events covered by the settlement agreements. To the extent of any actual claims under these agreements, the Company main- tains provisions for such items, which it considers to be adequate. Due to the nature of the indemnification clauses, the maximum exposure for future payments may be material. However, such exposure cannot be determined with certainty. In 2003, the Company entered into various indemnification contracts with third parties for which the maximum exposure for future payments cannot be determined with certainty. As a result, the Company was unable to determine the fair value of the guarantees. There are no recourse provisions to recover any amounts from third parties. 112 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 113 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 21 Financial instruments A. Risk management The Company has limited involvement with derivative financial instru- ments in the management of its fuel, foreign currency and interest rate exposures, and does not use them for trading purposes. (i) Credit risk In the normal course of business, the Company monitors the financial condition of its customers and reviews the credit history of each new customer. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-perfor- mance by counterparties to its derivative financial instruments. Although collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk is usually not obtained, counterparties are of high credit qual- ity and their credit standing or that of their guarantor is regularly moni- tored. As a result, losses due to counterparty non-performance are not anticipated. The total risk associated with the Company’s counterparties was immaterial at December 31, 2003. The Company believes there are no significant concentrations of credit risk. (ii) Fuel To mitigate the effects of fuel price changes on its operating margins and overall profitability, the Company has a systematic hedging program which calls for regularly entering into swap positions on crude and heat- ing oil to cover a target percentage of future fuel consumption up to two years in advance. At December 31, 2003, the Company had hedged approximately 52% of the estimated 2004 fuel consumption, represent- ing approximately 196 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.63 per U.S. gallon, and 25% of the estimated 2005 fuel consump- tion, representing approximately 95 million U.S. gallons at an average price of U.S.$0.66 per U.S. gallon. Realized gains and losses from the Company’s fuel hedging activi- ties, which are recorded in fuel expense, were a $49 million gain, a $3 million gain, and a $6 million loss for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. As a result of fuel hedging activities, the Company had an unrealized gain of $38 million at December 31, 2003 compared to an unrealized gain of $30 million at December 31, 2002. (iii) Foreign currency Although the Company conducts its business and receives revenues pri- marily in Canadian dollars, a growing portion of its revenues, expenses, assets and debt are denominated in U.S. dollars. Thus, the Company’s results are affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between these currencies. Changes in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and other currencies (including the U.S. dollar) make the goods trans- ported by the Company more or less competitive in the world market- place and thereby affect the Company’s revenues and expenses. For the purpose of minimizing volatility of earnings resulting from the conversion of U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt into the Canadian dollar, the Company designates the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt of the parent company as a foreign exchange hedge of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries. As a result, from the dates of des- ignation, unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses on the translation of the Company’s U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt are recorded in Currency translation, which forms part of Shareholders’ equity. (iv) Other The Company does not currently have any derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments. B. Fair value of financial instruments Generally accepted accounting principles define the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which the carrying amounts are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet under the following captions: (i) Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, Other current assets, Accounts payable and accrued charges, and Other current liabilities: The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. (ii) Other assets and deferred charges: Investments: The Company has various debt and equity investments for which the carrying value approximates the fair value, with the exception of a cost investment for which the fair value was estimated based on the Company’s proportionate share of its net assets. The Company also has an equity investment for which the fair value was estimated based on future discounted cash flows. (iii) Long-term debt: The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar debt instruments, as well as discounted cash flows using current interest rates for debt with similar terms, company rating, and remaining maturity. The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as at December 31, 2003 and 2002 for which the carrying values on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are different from their fair values: In millions December 31, 2003 December 31, 2002 Financial assets Investments Financial liabilities Long-term debt (including current portion) Carrying amount Fair value Carrying amount Fair value $÷«367 $÷«420 $÷«380 $÷«440 $4,658 $5,128 $5,577 $5,738 Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 113 ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:10 PM Page 114 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 22 Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles The consolidated financial statements of the Company are expressed in Canadian dollars and are prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP which conform, in all material respects, with U.S. GAAP except as fol- lows: A. Reconciliation of net income The application of U.S. GAAP would have the following effects on the net income as reported: In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 Net income – Canadian GAAP Adjustments in respect of: Property capitalization, net of depreciation Interest on convertible preferred securities Stock-based compensation cost Income tax rate enactments Income tax expense on current year U.S. GAAP adjustments Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy (net of applicable taxes) Net income – U.S. GAAP $÷«734 384 – 27 (46) (133) $÷«966 48 $1,014 2002 $553 2001 $÷«727 363 (9) 9 – 339 (19) (19) 122 (116) (110) $800 $1,040 – – $800 $1,040 (i) Property capitalization Under Canadian GAAP, the accounting practices for Properties are sub- ject to the regulations of the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) and, as such, the Company capitalizes only the material component of track replacement costs, to the extent it meets the Company’s minimum threshold for capitalization. Under U.S. GAAP, the labor, material and related overheads are capitalized. Furthermore, the Company capitalizes under U.S. GAAP all major expenditures for work that extends the useful life and/or improves the functionality of bridges and other structures and freight cars. Effective January 1, 2004, pursuant to CICA Section 1100, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” the Company will no longer be permitted to follow the regulations of the CTA, and as such, any transactions occurring on or after the date of adoption will be accounted for similarly under U.S. and Canadian GAAP. See Note 1 (p) Recent accounting pronouncements. (ii) Stock-based compensation cost As explained in Note 2, effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value based approach of the CICA’s Handbook Section 3870, “Stock-Based Compensation and Other Stock-Based Payments.” The Company retroactively applied the fair value method of accounting to all awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2002 and restated the 2002 comparative period to reflect this change in accounting policy. Under U.S. GAAP, effective January 1, 2003, the Company voluntarily adopted the recommendations of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” and applied the fair value based approach prospectively to all awards of employee stock options granted, modified or settled on or after January 1, 2003. Compensation cost attributable to employee stock options granted prior to January 1, 2003 continues to be a reconciling difference. (iii) Convertible preferred securities As explained in Note 11, the Convertible preferred securities (Securities) were converted into common shares of the Company on July 3, 2002. Prior to such date, the Securities were treated as equity under Canadian GAAP, whereas under U.S. GAAP they were treated as debt. Consequently, the interest on the Securities until July 3, 2002 was treated as a dividend for Canadian GAAP but as interest expense for U.S. GAAP. (iv) Income tax expense In 2003, under U.S. GAAP, the Company recorded an increase to its net deferred income tax liability resulting from the enactment of higher corporate tax rates in the province of Ontario. As a result, the Company recorded deferred income tax expense of $79 million and $2 million in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Other comprehensive income, respectively. For Canadian GAAP, the corresponding increase to the net deferred income tax liability was $33 million. The difference in the expense recorded reflects a larger net deferred tax liability position under U.S. GAAP. In 2001, under U.S. GAAP, the Company recorded a reduction to its net deferred income tax liability resulting from the enactment of lower corporate tax rates in Canada. As a result, a deferred income tax recovery of $122 million was recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income and a deferred income tax expense of $32 million was recorded in Other comprehensive income. For Canadian GAAP purposes, there was no adjustment in 2001 as the impact resulting from lower corporate tax rates was accounted for in 2000 when the rates were substantively enacted. B. Earnings per share The earnings per share calculation under Canadian GAAP differs from U.S. GAAP due to differences in the earnings figures: (i) Basic earnings per share Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy – U.S. GAAP Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income – U.S. GAAP $5.05 0.25 $5.30 $4.07 $5.41 – – $4.07 $5.41 Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (millions) – U.S. GAAP 191.2 196.7 192.1 114 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_98-117_Notes_CDN_R4 20/02/04 8:11 PM Page 115 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (ii) Diluted earnings per share Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 2001 Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting policy – U.S. GAAP Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Net income – U.S. GAAP $4.99 0.24 $5.23 $3.97 $5.23 – – $3.97 $5.23 Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (millions) – U.S. GAAP 193.8 202.8 201.0 C. Reconciliation of significant balance sheet items (i) Shareholders’ equity As permitted under Canadian GAAP, the Company eliminated its accumulated deficit of $811 million as of June 30, 1995 through a reduction of the capital stock in the amount of $1,300 million, and created a contributed surplus of $489 million. Such a reorganization within Shareholders’ equity is not permitted under U.S. GAAP. Under Canadian GAAP, the dividend in kind declared in 1995 (with respect to land transfers) and other capital transactions were deducted from Contributed surplus. For U.S. GAAP purposes, these amounts would have been deducted from Retained earnings. Under Canadian GAAP, costs related to the sale of shares have been deducted from Contributed surplus. For U.S. GAAP purposes, these amounts would have been deducted from Capital stock. Under Canadian GAAP, the excess in cost over the stated value resulting from the repurchase of shares was allocated first to Capital stock, then to Contributed surplus and finally to Retained earnings. Under U.S. GAAP, the excess would have been allocated to Capital stock followed by Retained earnings. For Canadian and U.S. GAAP purposes, the Company designates the U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt of the parent company as a foreign exchange hedge of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries. Under Canadian GAAP, the resulting net unrealized foreign exchange loss from the date of designation, has been included in Currency translation. For U.S. GAAP purposes, the resulting net unrealized foreign exchange loss has been included as part of Accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of Shareholders’ equity, as required under SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income.” (ii) Minimum pension liability adjustment In 2003, 2002 and 2001, one of the Company’s pension plans had an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of the fair value of the plan assets. Under U.S. GAAP, this gave rise to an additional minimum pension liability. In 2002 and 2001, an intangible asset was recognized up to the amount of the unrecognized prior service cost and the difference has been recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of Shareholders’ equity. There are no requirements under Canadian GAAP to record a minimum pension liability adjustment. (iii) Derivative instruments On January 1, 2001, under U.S. GAAP, the Company adopted SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended by SFAS No. 138, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities.” In accordance with these statements, the Company has recorded in its balance sheet the fair value of derivative instruments used to hedge a portion of the Company’s fuel requirements. Changes in the market value of these derivative instru- ments have been recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of Shareholders’ equity. There are no similar requirements under Canadian GAAP. (iv) Convertible preferred securities As explained in Note 11, the Convertible preferred securities (Securities) were converted into common shares of the Company on July 3, 2002. Prior to such date, the Securities were treated as equity under Canadian GAAP, whereas under U.S. GAAP they were treated as debt. Consequently, the initial costs related to the issuance of the Securities, net of amortization, which were previously deferred and amortized for U.S. GAAP, have since been reclassified to equity. (v) Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Under U.S. GAAP, in accordance with SFAS No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,” the Company changed its accounting policy for certain track structure assets to exclude removal costs as a component of depreciation expense where the inclusion of such costs would result in accumulated depreciation balances exceeding the histori- cal cost basis of the assets. As a result, a cumulative benefit of $75 mil- lion, or $48 million after tax, was recorded for the amount of removal costs accrued in accumulated depreciation on certain track structure assets at January 1, 2003. Under Canadian GAAP, the recommendations of Handbook Section 3110, “Asset Retirement Obligations,” which are similar to those under SFAS No. 143 (U.S. GAAP), are effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2004. Upon adoption, the Company does not expect the recommendations of Section 3110 to have an initial material impact on its financial statements since removal costs, as a component of depreciation expense, have not resulted in accumulated depreciation balances exceeding the historical cost basis of the assets. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 115 ANG_098-117_Notes_CDN_R4 26/2/04 5:20 Page 116 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 22 Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles (continued) (vi) The application of U.S. GAAP would have a significant effect on the following balance sheet items as reported: In millions December 31, 2003 2002 Capital stock – Canadian GAAP Capital reorganization Stock-based compensation Foreign exchange loss on convertible preferred securities In millions December 31, 2003 2002 Costs related to the sale of shares Current assets – Canadian GAAP Fuel derivative instruments Other Current assets – U.S. GAAP Properties – Canadian GAAP Property capitalization, net of depreciation Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Properties – U.S. GAAP $÷1,092 $÷1,163 33 2 29 – Share repurchase program Capital stock – U.S. GAAP $÷1,127 $÷1,192 Contributed surplus – Canadian GAAP $15,158 3,072 75 $16,898 2,783 – $18,305 $19,681 Dividend in kind with respect to land transfers Costs related to the sale of shares Other transactions and related income tax effect Share repurchase program Capital reorganization Contributed surplus – U.S. GAAP Other assets and deferred charges – Canadian GAAP $÷÷«900 $÷÷«863 Fuel derivative instruments Intangible asset Other assets and deferred charges – U.S. GAAP 5 – 1 1 $÷÷«905 $÷÷«865 Currency translation – Canadian GAAP Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on U.S. to Canadian GAAP adjustments, net of applicable taxes Deferred income tax liability – Canadian GAAP $÷3,365 $÷3,825 Cumulative effect of prior years’ adjustments to income Income taxes on current year U.S. GAAP adjustments to income Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Income taxes on translation of U.S. to Canadian GAAP adjustments Income taxes on minimum pension liability adjustment Income taxes on fuel derivative instruments Income tax rate enactments Other 1,071 133 27 (15) (10) 12 (38) 5 955 116 – 16 (13) 10 (86) 3 Other liabilities and deferred credits – Canadian GAAP $÷1,208 $÷1,335 Stock-based compensation Minimum pension liability adjustment Other liabilities and deferred credits – U.S. GAAP 20 30 33 38 $÷1,258 $÷1,406 Fuel derivative instruments, net of applicable taxes Income tax rate enactments Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of applicable taxes Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) – U.S. GAAP $÷(129) $÷÷«97 Retained earnings – Canadian GAAP Cumulative effect of prior years’ adjustments to income Cumulative effect of change in accounting policy Current year adjustments to net income Share repurchase program Capital reorganization Dividend in kind with respect to land transfers Other transactions and related income tax effect Retained earnings – U.S. GAAP $3,897 $3,487 Deferred income tax liability – U.S. GAAP $÷4,550 $÷4,826 Cumulative dividend on convertible preferred securities $3,530 1,300 17 12 (33) (162) $3,576 1,300 31 12 (33) (101) $4,664 $4,785 $÷«166 248 $÷«175 248 33 18 24 33 18 15 (489) $÷÷÷«– (489) $ ÷«÷«– $÷÷(38) $÷«132 (63) 26 (34) (20) 1 20 (32) (24) $2,822 1,696 $2,744 1,449 48 232 138 38 (811) (248) (18) – 247 86 38 (811) (248) (18) 116 Canadian National Railway Company Canadian GAAP ANG_098-117_Notes_CDN_R4 26/2/04 5:22 Page 117 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 23 Selected quarterly and annual financial data Quarterly financial data – unaudited In millions, except per share data Revenues Operating income Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Dividend declared per share Average share price 2003 First Second $1,496 $÷«341 $÷«180 $÷0.92 $÷0.91 $1,463 $÷«335 $÷«177 $÷0.93 $÷0.91 Third $1,413 $÷«329 $÷«208 $÷1.10 $÷1.08 Fourth $1,512 $÷«363 $÷«169 $÷0.89 $÷0.88 2002 First Second Third Fourth(1) $1,509 $÷«369 $÷«208 $÷1.06 $÷1.02 $1,551 $÷«380 $÷«207 $÷1.05 $÷1.02 $1,503 $÷«357 $÷«182 $÷0.91 $÷0.90 $1,547 $÷÷÷(8) $÷÷(44) $«(0.22) $«(0.22) $0.250 $0.250 $0.250 $0.250 $0.215 $0.215 $0.215 $0.215 $62.87 $67.55 $71.17 $77.22 $77.41 $76.91 $70.25 $65.74 (1) In the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company recorded a charge of $281 million ($173 million after tax) to increase its liability for U.S. personal injury and other claims and a charge for workforce reductions of $120 million ($79 million after tax). Annual financial data In millions, except per share data 2003 2002 2001 Financial results Revenues Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Dividend declared per share Financial position Total assets Total long-term financial liabilities Common shares Number of issued and outstanding common shares Convertible preferred securities Number of issued and outstanding convertible preferred securities $÷5,884 $÷÷«734 $÷÷3.84 $÷÷3.79 $÷÷1.00 $17,150 $÷8,748 $÷3,530 189.4 $ – – $÷6,110 $÷÷«553 $÷÷2.78 $÷÷2.73 $÷5,652 $÷÷«727 $÷÷3.72 $÷÷3.62 $÷÷0.86 $÷÷0.78 $18,924 $10,163 $18,788 $10,789 $÷3,576 $÷3,209 197.5 192.7 $÷««÷÷«– $÷÷«327 – 4.6 24 Subsequent events Common stock split On January 27, 2004, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a three-for-two common stock split which is to be effected in the form of a stock dividend of one-half additional common share of CN payable for each share outstanding on February 27, 2004, to shareholders of record on February 23, 2004. All equity-based benefit plans will be adjusted to reflect the issuance of additional shares or options due to the declaration of the stock split. All share and per share data for future periods will reflect the stock split. Investment in English Welsh and Scottish Railway (EWS) On January 6, 2004, EWS shareholders approved a plan to reduce the EWS share capital to enable cash to be returned to the shareholders. Under the plan, EWS is offering shareholders the ability to cancel a portion of their EWS shares. For each share cancelled, EWS shareholders will receive cash and 8% notes, due in 2009. Although the notes are due in five years, EWS has the right to redeem all or any part of the outstanding notes at their principal amount together with accrued but unpaid interest up to the date of repayment. The payout of cash and issuance of notes by EWS under the plan is expected in the first quarter of 2004. At December 31, 2003, CN owned 43.7 million shares, or approxi- mately 40% (approximately 37% on a fully diluted basis) of EWS. CN has elected to have the maximum allowable number of shares cancelled under the plan. As a result of the share cancellation plan, CN will receive £81.6 million (or approximately Cdn$188 million) from EWS, of which £23.9 million (or approximately Cdn$55 million) will be in the form of EWS notes. After the EWS share cancellation is complete, CN’s ownership of EWS will be approximately 31% on a fully diluted basis. 25 Comparative figures Certain figures, previously reported for 2002 and 2001, have been reclassified to conform with the basis of presentation adopted in the current year. Canadian GAAP Canadian National Railway Company 117 ANG_118-122_R2 2/21/04 1:57 Page 118 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan General review Trustee CIBC Mellon Trust Company (CIBC Mellon) is the Trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds (CN Pension Trust Funds, or Funds). As Trustee, CIBC Mellon performs certain duties which include holding legal title to the assets of the Funds and providing a certificate confirming that Canadian National Railway Company (CN), as Administrator, complied with the provisions of the CN Pension Plan, the CN 1935 Pension Plan and the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 and its regulations. The checks and direct deposit payments in respect of these plans were issued in the name of the CN Pension Trust Funds from bank accounts in the name of CIBC Mellon, Trustee of the CN Pension Trust Funds. Administration of the pension plans Overall accountability for the pension and benefit administration is the responsibility of CN. Mercer Human Resource Consulting, an employee benefits consulting firm, performs agreed-on pension and benefit administration services on behalf of CN. Pension benefits A. Pension improvements For the year 2003, pensions were indexed at 75% of inflation rather than 60% of inflation. Retirees and survivors who met the eligibility requirements saw their 2003 pension increase by 1.275% instead of 1.02% on the first $3,250 of basic monthly pension. This was a lifetime pension benefit increase. B. Indexation agreement and escalation account As a result of the indexation agreement negotiated with the railway unions in 1989 and improvements to such agreement negotiated in 1992 and 1998, approximately 40,700 retirees and surviving spouses received permanent pension increases in 2003. These increases amounted to 1.275% on the first $3,250 of basic CN monthly pension, with a guaran- teed minimum monthly pension increase of $9.00 for eligible retirees and $4.50 for eligible surviving spouses. Under this indexation agreement, effective January 1, 1989, 50% of the experience gains or losses related to pensioners are accounted for separately in the Escalation Account. Net experience gains are used to pay for indexation of pensions above the minimum up to the maximum annual amount. The maximum annual indexation for eligible retirees and survivors is 60% (75% for the 2003 and 2002 indexation) of the increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to a maximum increase in CPI of 6%, with an annual limit on the amount of pension which can be indexed. The Pension Committee may recommend additional benefits for pen- sioners, financed through the Escalation Account, if the positive balance in the account exceeds a certain threshold. These additional benefits are subject to approval by CN’s Board of Directors. In 2002, CN’s Board of Directors had approved the Pension Committee’s recommendation to increase maximum indexation for 2003 only, effective January 1, 2003 as indicated under section A. Pension improvements. The value of such improvements was charged to the Escalation Account in the 2002 funding valuation. C. Improvement accounts Effective January 1, 1998, the unions and CN agreed to share the experience gains or losses resulting from investment earnings related to active unionized members of the CN Pension Plan, based on the same concept as the indexation agreement. Under this agreement, annual calculations will determine the amount of experience gains or losses to be credited (debited) to an account referred to as the Unionized Employees’ Improvement Account. The balance of such account, if positive, may be used to improve benefits of unionized active members or reduce their contributions, as recommended by the Pension Committee and approved by CN’s Board of Directors. The improvement account concept was also extended to non-unionized members and separate accounts were created for unionized and non-unionized members. Annual pension statements As required by the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 and to keep employees who are members of the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan updated annually on their personal entitlement, personal- ized pension statements were prepared as at December 31, 2002 and distributed by June 2003. 118 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan ANG_118-122_R2 5/3/04 16:36 Page 119 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan Services to pensioners A. Direct deposit The Direct Deposit System (DDS) is available to all retirees and survivors. Under this system, the monthly pension benefit is deposited directly into the individual’s personal account. An itemized pension pay stub is sent to the individual at the time of their first DDS payment, each January there- after and whenever the gross or net amount changes. About 40,300 pen- sioners used this service in 2003. B. Toll-free help lines Approximately 43,300 calls were handled in 2003 through the central toll-free help line (1-800-361-0739). Staff handling the toll-free tele- phone line have ready access to records and information required for quick, efficient and accurate responses to most callers’ needs – in both of Canada’s official languages. Trustee’s report To the Administrator and the Members of the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan We, CIBC Mellon Trust Company, are the Trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds (“CN Pension Trust Funds”). As Trustee, we have appointed KPMG LLP to examine identified systems, procedures and internal controls used in respect to the custody, investment, and administration of the assets of the CN Pension Trust Funds, the administration of the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan (“1935 Plan”), and the performance of the Canadian National Railway Company (“CN”) as Administrator of the CN Pension Plan and the 1935 Plan for the year ended December 31, 2003. Our examination included such tests and procedures as were considered necessary in the circumstances taking into consideration the requirements of the Trust Deeds and our experience in the Canadian pension industry. In our opinion, based on the reasonable, but not absolute, degree of assurance obtained from the examination performed, the aforemen- tioned systems, procedures and internal controls used by CN as Administrator, operated effectively during the year ended December 31, 2003 and complied with the objectives of the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 and its Regulations. (signed) CIBC Mellon Trust Company Trustee of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds Toronto, January 27, 2004 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 119 ANG_118-122_R2 5/3/04 16:36 Page 120 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan Actuary’s report Auditors’ report To the Board of Directors of Canadian National Railway Company To the Board of Directors of Canadian National Railway Company We have audited the consolidated statement of net assets of the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan as at December 31, 2003 and the consolidated statement of changes in net assets for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Administrator. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examin- ing, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Administrator, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the net assets of the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan as at December 31, 2003 and the changes in their net assets for the year then ended in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. (signed) KPMG LLP Chartered Accountants Montreal, Canada January 27, 2004 We have conducted actuarial valuations for funding purposes as at December 31, 2002 for the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan. As at December 31, 2002, these valuations revealed a consolidated actuarial liability of $10,848 million, a consolidated surplus of $374 million and a current service cost net of plan members’ contributions of $88 million in 2003. The next actuarial valuations will be conducted as at December 31, 2005, at the latest. In my opinion, for the purposes of the valuations, • • • the data on which these valuations were based were sufficient and reliable, the assumptions are, in aggregate, appropriate, and the methods employed in the valuations are appropriate. We have also conducted actuarial valuations for accounting purposes as at December 31, 2002 for the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan. These valuations were made in accordance with the requirements of Section 3461 of the Handbook of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA). They revealed a consolidated actuarial liability of $11,022 million based on CN’s best estimate assumptions selected for accounting purposes as at December 31, 2002. The difference between the results of the actuarial valuations conducted for funding purposes and those conducted for accounting purposes is mainly due to the CICA Section 3461 requirement to use an interest rate inherent in the amount at which the actuarial liability could be settled at the date of valuation. Both valuations have been prepared and, my opinions given, in accordance with accepted actuarial practice. (signed) Bernard Morency Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries Mercer Human Resource Consulting Limited Montreal, January 27, 2004 120 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan ANG_118-122_R2 2/21/04 2:19 Page 121 Consolidated Statement of Net Assets at Market Value In millions Bonds Mortgages Real estate Oil and gas Equities Cash and short-term investments Receivable from Canadian National Railway Company Net other assets (liabilities) As at December 31, 2003 2002 $÷3,453 $÷4,096 289 338 752 6,457 282 11,571 4 22 319 318 657 5,565 143 11,098 4 (9) $11,597 $11,093 On behalf of the Board: David G.A. McLean Director E. Hunter Harrison Director See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 121 ANG_118-122_R2 2/21/04 2:19 Page 122 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets at Market Value In millions Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 Net assets at market value, beginning of year Investment income Bonds Mortgages Real estate Oil and gas Equities Short-term investments Less administrative expenses Investment income before net gain (loss) on sale of investments Net gain (loss) on sale of investments Total investment income Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) in value of investments Contributions Employees Company Total contributions Disbursements for members Pension benefits paid Refunds Total disbursements for members Transfers Net increase (decrease) $11,093 $11,671 222 20 11 70 111 8 442 (19) 423 150 573 465 72 76 148 (661) (34) (695) 13 504 240 23 10 52 84 14 423 (19) 404 (167) 237 (268) 61 74 135 (645) (37) (682) – (578) Net assets at market value, end of year $11,597 $11,093 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 122 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan ANG_123-126_R3 2/21/04 2:31 Page 123 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1 Description of plans These consolidated financial statements cover two pension plans, the CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan (CN Plans), and include the accounts of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds and its wholly owned companies. All references in these financial statements to the “Company” refer to Canadian National Railway Company, which is the Administrator of the CN Plans. The CN 1935 Pension Plan is for a closed group of members and represents less than 1% of the pension obligation of the plans. Therefore, the following is a summarized descrip- tion of the CN Pension Plan only. Please refer to the rules of the CN Pension Plan for additional information. A. General The CN Pension Plan (the Plan) is a contributory defined benefit pension plan generally applicable for employees from the first day of employ- ment. Under this Plan, employees contribute between 4.3% and 4.7% (5.48% and 5.88% prior to January 1, 2002) of earnings up to the Year’s Maximum Pensionable Earnings (YMPE) under the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan and between 6.3% and 6.7% (6.98% and 7.38% prior to January 1, 2002) of earnings in excess of the YMPE up to a maximum of $4,981 in 2003. Participants are not required to make contributions after 35 years of pensionable service. Company contributions are determined on the basis of actuarial valuations done at least on a triennial basis in accordance with the requirements of the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 and Regulations thereunder. B. Pensions Pensions are based on the employee’s average pensionable earnings for the best five consecutive calendar years or the last 60 months of employment at the rate of 2% for each year of pensionable service prior to January 1, 1966, 1.7% for each year of pensionable service thereafter up to the average YMPE over the last 60 months and 2% of the excess of such average pensionable earnings over the average YMPE. The maximum annual pension payable is $1,715 multiplied by the pension- able service of the member. Pensionable service is limited to 35 years. C. Retirement age The normal retirement age is 65. However, with the Company’s consent, employees who are at least 55 years of age and have 85 points (age plus pensionable service) are entitled to an early retirement pension without reduction. Employees with less than 85 points can retire anytime from age 55 with a reduction in their pension of 0.5% for each month (6% per year) between their date of retirement and their 65th birthday. D. Disability pensions A member with 10 years of pensionable service who is declared either unfit to perform his/her usual employment with the Company due to a permanent disability which occurred prior to 1992, or totally and permanently disabled due to a disability which occurred after 1991, may, subject to certain conditions, apply for an immediate reduced or unreduced pension. Any declarations in respect of a member’s disability are the responsibility of CN’s Chief Medical Officer. The disability pension may be adjusted to take into account benefits payable under a long-term disability plan or under a Workers’ Compensation Act of any province. E. Pre-retirement survivors’ pensions and death refunds A survivor’s pension is payable to the eligible spouse of a member who had a minimum of two years of plan membership upon his/her death. Otherwise, a death refund is payable to the spouse, or, if there is no spouse, to the estate of the member. F. Post-retirement survivors’ pensions and estate settlements Upon the death of a retiree who had an eligible spouse at retirement, either 55% or 60% of the basic pension of the retiree is payable to that spouse during his/her lifetime depending on the option elected at retirement. The survivor pension is guaranteed for the first 10 years after retirement. If the retiree and the surviving spouse, if any, die in the first 10 years after retirement, the survivor pension will be payable to the estate of the retiree until the 10-year period is over. G. Termination benefits Upon termination of service, a member is entitled to either his/her contri- butions with interest, the value of his/her benefits accrued under the Plan or a deferred pension, or a combination of the above, depending on his/her age, pensionable service and years of membership at termination. H. Income taxes The Plan is registered under the Income Tax Act and Regulations. Contributions to the Plan are tax deductible to the Company and investment income of the Canadian National Railways Pension Trust Funds is not taxable in Canada. Investment income earned in certain foreign countries is subject to withholding taxes in those countries. The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 123 ANG_123-126_R3 2/21/04 2:31 Page 124 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2 Summary of significant accounting policies (vi) Short-term investments and other assets are valued at cost, which A. Basis of presentation These consolidated financial statements are prepared on a market value basis, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Canada for pension plans. Management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates. These financial statements present the aggregate financial position of the CN Plans as a separate financial reporting entity independent of the sponsor and plan members, and are prepared to assist plan members and others in reviewing the activities of the CN Plans for the year and, as such, do not portray the funding requirements of the CN Plans nor the benefit security of individual members. B. Investments Investment transactions are recorded at the point when the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred. Publicly traded securities are recorded on the trade date. Investments are stated at market value, which is determined using publicly quoted prices where available. When such prices are not available, market values are estimated on the basis of the present value of estimated future net cash flows, the market value of comparable assets, or the breakup value of underlying assets. Market values of investments are determined as follows: (i) Bonds are valued using the closing market price as at December 31. (ii) Mortgages are valued using current market yields of financial instru- ments of similar maturity and at appropriate spreads from instru- ments of comparable quality. (iii) Real estate consists of land and buildings. Land is valued using the market value of comparable assets, and buildings are valued using the present value of estimated future net cash flows and the market value of comparable assets. Independent valuations of land and buildings are performed triennially. (iv) Oil and gas reserves are valued using the present value of estimated future net cash flows, which are based on projected production, prices, and costs. Land is valued using the market value of compar- able assets. Trust units and equities are valued using the closing market price as at December 31. (v) Equities are valued using the closing market price as at December 31. approximates market value. (vii) Listed derivative financial instruments are valued using the market settlement price as at December 31. Unlisted derivative financial instruments are valued using the present value of future net cash flows determined by using closing market levels and interest rates for instruments of similar maturity and credit risk. The change in market value has been segregated in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets at Market Value between net gain (loss) on sale of investments during the year and the unrealized appreciation (depreciation) in value of investments, which represents the balance of the change in market value of investments for the year. C. Income recognition Dividends are accrued on the ex-dividend date; income from other investments is accrued as earned. Gains or losses realized on the sale of investments are recognized on the dates of sales, are calculated based on the average cost of the assets and are included in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets at Market Value as a net gain (loss) on sale of investments. D. Foreign exchange Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using current rates as at December 31 or at the forward foreign exchange contract rates for investments that are hedged. Foreign dividends and interest income are translated at the rates prevailing when accrued. Unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses on investments incurred during the year are included in unrealized appreciation (depreci- ation) in value of investments. The net gain (loss) on sale of investments denominated in foreign currencies includes the foreign exchange gain or loss realized on the transaction. E. Contributions Contributions from employees are recorded in the period in which the Company makes payroll deductions. The contributions from the Company, as determined by the latest actuarial valuations, are recorded using the accrual method. F. Transfers Transfers to/from other funds are accounted for in the period in which the value of the transfers can be reasonably estimated. 124 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan ANG_123-126_R3 2/21/04 2:31 Page 125 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3 Investments Investments consist of securities, assets or financial instruments where the CN Plans’ original intention is to hold to maturity or until market conditions render alternative investments more attractive. Significant information related to investments as at December 31 is as follows: Real estate Real estate, which consists of land and buildings, is presented net of related mortgage debt of $83 million ($84 million in 2002). Market risk Market risk is the risk that the value of an investment will fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices whether those changes are caused by factors specific to the individual investment or its issuer, or factors affecting all securities traded in the market. The CN Plans’ policy is to invest in a diversified portfolio of investments, based on criteria estab- lished in the Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures, and may include the use of derivative financial instruments to mitigate the impact of market risk. Equities are diversified by issuer and by industry. The most signifi- cant allocations to individual issuers or industry sectors are limited to 3.4% and 21.6% (4.2% and 15.2% in 2002), respectively. Foreign currency risk Foreign currency exposure arises from investments denominated in cur- rencies other than the Canadian dollar. Fluctuations in foreign currency rates can result in a positive or negative impact on the fair value of investments. The CN Plans’ exposure to currencies, as a proportion of total assets and after taking into account the effect of foreign currency derivatives positions, is as follows: Canada United States of America Euro zone United Kingdom Japan Other Total As at December 31, 2003 72% 13% 4% 2% 4% 5% 100% 2002 78% 11% 3% 2% 2% 4% 100% Interest rate risk Interest rate risk represents the risk that the market value of invest- ments will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. Sensitivity to interest rates is a function of the timing and amount of cash flows of the assets and liabilities of the CN Plans. The impact of a one percent increase in interest rates on the market value of interest-rate-sensitive investments is estimated to be $249 million ($296 million in 2002). The term to maturity of interest rate sensitive investments and liabilities, based on contractual repricing dates, is as follows: In millions, except percentage data As at December 31, Short-term investments Bonds Mortgages Total investments Mortgage debt Within 1 year Term to maturity 1 to 5 years $272 56 _ $328 $««««– $«÷««««– 1,286 82 $1,368 $«««««««– 2003 Over 5 years $÷÷÷«– 2,111 207 $2,318 $«««««83 Average effective yield 2.05% 4.49% 5.19% 4.38% 5.98% Total $«««272 3,453 289 $4,014 $«««««83 2002 Average effective yield 2.78% 4.59% 5.44% 4.60% 6.25% Total $÷«132 4,096 319 $4,547 $«««««84 Credit risk Credit risk arises from the potential for an investee to fail or a counter- party to default on its contractual obligations to the CN Plans. are issued or guaranteed by Canadian or U.S. governments and 15% (18% in 2002) by corporations. Mortgages are secured by real estate. At year end, the CN Plans’ most significant exposures were with In accordance with formally established policies, the CN Plans manage credit risk by dealing with counterparties considered to be of high credit quality, utilizing an internal credit limit monitoring process as well as credit mitigation techniques such as master netting and collateral agreements. Short-term investments consist primarily of securities issued by Canadian chartered banks. Seventy eight percent (78% in 2002) of Bonds Canadian governments, which issued or guaranteed $2,702 million ($3,200 million in 2002) of securities held by the CN Plans. Excluding the above, the remaining assets are diversified with no other issuer account- ing for more than 3.1% (2.1% in 2002) of total net assets. Credit risk resulting from the use by the CN Plans of derivative financial instruments is addressed in Note 4. The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 125 ANG_123-126_R3 2/21/04 2:32 Page 126 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4 Derivative financial instruments 5 Funding policy From time to time, the CN Plans use derivative financial instruments (derivatives) for asset mix management purposes or to hedge foreign currency, interest rate or market risks of the portfolio or anticipated transactions. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity or commodity prices. When derivatives are used for hedging purposes, the gains or losses on the derivatives are offset by a corresponding change in the value of the hedged assets. Derivatives include forwards, futures, swaps and options. All derivatives held by the plans at the end of 2003 and 2002 had a term to maturity of less than one year. Types of contracts used by the CN Plans include: • Swaps, which are contractual agreements between two parties to exchange fixed and/or floating rate payments based on a notional value. Forwards and futures, which are contractual agreements to either buy or sell a specified currency, commodity or financial instrument at a specific price and date in the future. Forwards are customized con- tracts transacted in the over-the-counter market. Futures are stan- dardized contracts traded on regulated exchanges and are subject to daily cash margining. • The credit risk of derivative instruments is limited to the cost of replacing, at current fair value, all contracts which have a positive value. Credit risk on futures contracts is considered minimal as the counterparty to a futures contract is a public exchange, contracts are marked-to- market and margin receivables and payables are settled in cash daily. In respect of the CN Plans, the contributions by the Company are determined in accordance with the requirements of the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 and Regulations thereunder, and are based on the projected unit credit actuarial cost method, with projection of salaries where future salary changes affect the amount of the projected benefits. In the case of the CN 1935 Pension Plan, the Company makes money purchase contributions in accordance with the rules of the plan. The latest actuarial valuations of the CN Plans for funding purposes were prepared by Mercer Human Resource Consulting Limited as at December 31, 2002 and were submitted to the Superintendent of Financial Institutions and to the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. In these actuarial valuations, the principal assumptions adopted by the CN Plans’ actuary are members’ mortality, disability, retirement, termina- tion of employment, merit and periodic increases in earnings, as well as a long-term rate of return of 6.75% (7.0% at the previous valuation) per annum on investments. Future increases in members’ earnings have been projected using economic assumptions consistent with this long- term rate of return. 6 Transfers In 2003, the accounts include a provision for the amounts to be remitted to/from other funds to cover transfers of members of CN Plans to other pension plans and transfers of members of other plans to the CN Plans. The following table summarizes the derivatives of the CN Plans and 7 Consolidated actuarial pension obligation and asset value The actuarial valuations as at December 31, 2002 for accounting purposes revealed a consolidated actuarial liability of $11,022 million and a consolidated actuarial asset value of $11,222 million. The results of these valuations were then used to estimate the corresponding figures as at December 31, 2003, which approximate $11,772 million and $11,426 million, respectively, as at that date. The principal components of the change in the pension obligations are the interest accrued on benefits ($705 million in 2003 and $706 million in 2002), benefit payments and transfers ($682 million in 2003 and $683 million in 2002), benefits accrued during the year ($151 million in 2003 and $157 million in 2002), and actuarial gain/loss ($576 million loss in 2003 and $91 million gain in 2002). The consolidated actuarial liability was calculated in accordance with the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) Handbook Section 3461 using a discount rate of 6.0% as at December 31, 2003 and 6.5% as at December 31, 2002. The consolidated actuarial asset value is based on a market-related method, which recognizes the change in market value over a period of five years using the straight-line method. In millions Interest rate: Swap contracts Futures contracts Foreign exchange: Forward contracts Commodity: Futures contracts Equity: the related credit exposure: As at December 31, 2003 2002 Notional Fair value (2) value (1) Assets Liabilities Notional value (1) Fair value (2) Assets Liabilities $÷÷«58 $««1.0 1,526 1.8 $÷«– 2.7 $÷÷«50 $«0.7 765 – $÷«– – 578 16.6 116 2.6 0.7 0.1 – 1,209 1.7 7.5 1 3 – – – – Futures contracts 5 0.1 Total $2,283 22.1 $3.5 $2,028 2.4 $7.5 Effect of master netting and collateral agreements Net credit risk (replacement cost) – $22.1 (0.2) $«2.2 (1) Notional value represents the amount to which a rate or price is applied in order to calculate the exchange of cash flows under a derivative contract. (2) The fair values of all derivative contracts are included in the market value of the assets of the CN Plans. 126 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan ANG_127_R3 26/2/04 5:30 Page 127 2003 President’s Awards for Excellence The accomplishments of 26 employees not only reinforced the five principles that are the foundation of CN's industry-leading railroad but also won them the President’s Award for Excellence for their outstanding contributions in 2003 in the areas of Service, Cost Control, Asset Utilization, Safety and People. These individuals and teams were singled out for their exceptional effort, dedication and performance. Category: Service Category: Asset Utilization Riverdale Bridge reconstruction team – Don Lewis, Rod Nagel, Mike McDermott, Dave Lowe, D.R. Duncan – Homewood, Illinois This team responded to an emergency – the burning of four CN and two local commuter train bridges in June – in record time. While it was expected that the repair work would take four to five weeks, the team opened the first track line nine days later and had all the bridges fully operational within only 16 days of the fire. Initial IMX Team (Marketing) – Nancy Collard, Andrew J. Fuller, Donald L. Gagne, Gordon M. Graham, Gayle Mason – Mississauga, Ontario The Intermodal Excellence (IMX) project was a major success story for CN in 2003, thanks to the efforts of this team. The initiative reduced costs and improved service and profitability, by levelling demand for intermodal service throughout the week and encouraging customers to use the service during offpeak days. The team provided the leadership, drive and direction that ensured the success of the project, which touches every aspect of the business. Category: Service Carl Butzen – Neenah, Wisconsin On his own initiative and experimenting on his own time, Carl developed an effective means of creating updated track diagrams of customer plants. Demand for his product grew so significantly that he ended up mapping the entire Wisconsin Central division, providing an invaluable tool that will benefit the company for a long time to come. Category: Safety Paul J. Desrochers – Kamloops, B.C. Paul’s innovation – the Emergency Slide/Wash Detector – was developed on his own time in response to a growing need for hazard detection devices. The device, which protects against unstable ground conditions, has proven to work so well that multiple units are now being manufactured for distribution in the field. Category: Service Memphis-area storm team – Shane Sanford, Bryant McCuan – Memphis, Tennessee Category: People This pair led a team to quickly and efficiently restore service after a devas- tating July storm downed power lines, took out about 300 trees and blocked all four CN subdivisions at Memphis. Within just five hours, the team had the trains operating again. They have also worked tirelessly to bring about a substantial decrease in track-related derailments in the area. Transcona Appreciation Program Team – Tom DeGagne, Kevin Guiney, Larry Kociuk, Lorrie Lewsey, Andy Stewart – Western Canada These first-line supervisors came up with a low-cost, real-time recognition program that requires minimal administrative effort. The local program, based on the five principles of precision railroading, has proven to be a hit with employees in the field. Category: Cost Control Richard Taylor – Viking, Alberta Richard developed deep-walled sockets that substantially speed up the process of removing power switch machine throw bar and point detector nuts. This innovation resulted in real savings of time and money. And Richard’s conversion of an old golf cart created a means of carrying a 50-pound Signals and Communications (S&C) bonding drill safely down the tracks of the CN right-of-way. Category: People CN/TCU Negotiating Team – Don Beeler, Bob Davis, Cathy Cortez, Jack Gibbins, Marilyn Kovacs, Sam Siriano – U.S. Region Maintaining good union/management relations is this team’s objective. Their unflagging efforts to negotiate innovative solutions to difficult issues have made a real impact. The results of their work include successful resolution of questions concerning work placement and furlough allowance issues, for example. Canadian National Railway Company 127 ANG_128-129_R2 5/3/04 17:46 Page 128 Board of Directors (at December 31, 2003) Committees: 1 Audit, finance and risk 2 Corporate governance and nominating 3 Donations 4 Environment, safety and security 5 Human resources and compensation 6 Investment 7 Strategic planning * denotes chairman of the committee David G.A. McLean, O.B.C., LL.D. Chairman of the Board Canadian National Railway Company Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer The McLean Group Committees: 2*, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 E. Hunter Harrison President and Chief Executive Officer Canadian National Railway Company Committees: 3*, 7 Ambassador Gordon D. Giffin Vice-Chairman McKenna Long & Aldridge Committees: 2, 5, 7 Hugh J. Bolton, F.C.A. Chairman of the Board EPCOR Utilities Inc. Committees: 1, 4, 7 Robert Pace President and Chief Executive Officer The Pace Group Committees: 1*, 2, 6, 7 Michael R. Armellino Retired Partner The Goldman Sachs Group Committees: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7* Purdy Crawford, O.C., Q.C., LL.D. Chairman of the Board Allstream Inc. Counsel Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt Committees: 2, 5*, 6, 7 128 Canadian National Railway Company ANG_128-129_R2 5/3/04 17:46 Page 129 J.V. Raymond Cyr, O.C., LL.D. Chairman of the Board Polyvalor Inc. Committees: 1, 4*, 5, 6, 7 Gilbert H. Lamphere Private Investor Former Chairman of the Board Illinois Central Corporation Committees: 1, 4, 5, 7 V. Maureen Kempston Darkes, O.C., D.Comm., LL.D. Group Vice-President General Motors Corporation President GM Latin America, Africa and Middle East Committees: 2, 5, 7 James K. Gray, O.C., A.O.E., LL.D. Corporate Director Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Canadian Hunter Exploration Ltd. Committees: 1, 2, 4, 7 Edith E. Holiday Corporate Director and Trustee Former General Counsel United States Treasury Department Secretary of the Cabinet The White House Committees: 1, 6, 7 The Honorable Edward C. Lumley, P.C., LL.D. Vice-Chairman BMO Nesbitt Burns Committees: 4, 5, 6*, 7 Denis Losier President and Chief Executive Officer Assumption Life Committees: 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 A. Charles Baillie, LL.D. Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer The Toronto-Dominion Bank Committees: 1, 2, 5, 7 Canadian National Railway Company 129 ANG_130-IBC_R4 21/02/04 12:25 AM Page 130 Chairman of the Board and Executive Officers of the Company David G.A. Mc Lean Chairman of the Board E. Hunter Harrison President and Chief Executive Officer Tullio Cedraschi President and Chief Executive Officer CN Investment Division Keith E. Creel Senior Vice-President Eastern Canada Region Les Dakens Senior Vice-President People Sean Finn Senior Vice-President Public Affairs, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary James M. Foote Executive Vice-President Sales and Marketing Fred R. Grigsby Senior Vice-President and Chief Information Officer Edmond L. Harris Senior Vice-President Operations Peter Marshall Senior Vice-President Western Canada Region Claude Mongeau Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer Robert E. Noorigian Vice-President Investor Relations Gordon T. Trafton Senior Vice-President United States Region 130 Canadian National Railway Company CoverANG 4/3/04 17:30 Page 2 Contents 5 Introduction 6 A message from E. Hunter Harrison 8 Financial summary 10 Network expansion: Taking the service plan farther 12 Grain: A comeback in the making 14 IMX: Breakthrough potential for intermodal 16 Merchandise: Gaining share, one carload at a time 18 eBusiness: Making it easier with Velocity 20 People and efficiency: Innovative agreements with labor 22 CN at a glance 24 A message from the Chairman 25 Doing the right thing: A socially responsible CN 28 Glossary of terms 29 Financial Section (U.S. GAAP) 73 Financial Section (Canadian GAAP) 118 The CN Pension Plan and the CN 1935 Pension Plan 127 President’s Awards for Excellence 128 Board of Directors 130 Chairman of the Board and Executive Officers of the Company 131 Shareholder and investor information Except where otherwise indicated, all financial infor- mation reflected in this docu- ment is expressed in Canadian dollars and determined on the basis of United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). Shareholder and investor information Annual meeting The annual meeting of shareholders will be held at 1:00 pm (local time) on Thursday, April 22, 2004, at the Westin Edmonton, Edmonton, AB. Annual information form The annual information form may be obtained by writing to: The Corporate Secretary Canadian National Railway Company 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 Stock exchanges CN common shares are listed on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges. Ticker symbols: CNR (Toronto Stock Exchange) CNI (New York Stock Exchange) Investor relations Robert Noorigian Vice-President, Investor Relations Telephone: (514) 399-0052 or 1-800-319-9929 Transfer agent and registrar Computershare Trust Company of Canada Offices in: Montreal, QC; Toronto, ON; Calgary, AB; Vancouver, BC Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Fax: 1-866-249-7775 Web: www.computershare.com Co-transfer agent and co-registrar Computershare Trust Company of New York 88 Pine Street, 19th Floor Wall Street Plaza, New York, NY 10005 Telephone: (212) 701-7600 or 1-800-245-7630 U.S. cash dividends Shareholders wishing to receive dividends in U.S. dollars may obtain detailed information by communicating with: Computershare Trust Company of Canada Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Shareholder services Shareholders having inquiries concerning their shares or wishing to obtain information about CN should contact: Computershare Trust Company of Canada Shareholder Services 100 University Avenue, 9th Floor Toronto, Ontario M5J 2Y1 Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 Fax: 1-866-249-7775 Email: service@computershare.com Head office Canadian National Railway Company 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 P.O. Box 8100 Montreal, Quebec H3C 3N4 Additional copies of this report are available from: CN Public Affairs 935 de La Gauchetière Street West Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 Telephone: 1-888-888-5909 Fax: (204) 987-9310 Email: cn@wpg.faneuil.com La version française du présent rapport est disponible à l’adresse suivante : Affaires publiques CN 935, rue de La Gauchetière Ouest Montréal (Québec) H3B 2M9 Téléphone : 1 888 888-5909 Télécopieur : (204) 987-9310 Courriel : cn@wpg.faneuil.com This report has been printed on recycled paper. We wish to thank all the CN employees who appear in this Annual Report: Lianne Bona, Information Technology, Montreal Thierry Lysiak, Marketing, Montreal Bill Neculeac, Transcona Car Shop, Winnipeg Rhonda Leavey, Customer Support Centre, Winnipeg Daniel Bovino, Transportation, Harvey Earnest Dotson, Woodcrest Shop, Chicago Emery Casavant, Transportation, Edmonton Fred Grimwood, Transcona Wheel Shop, Winnipeg Chantale Parent, Intermodal, Montreal Matthew Kerr, Information Technology, Montreal Tim Swinford, Transportation, Chicago Ed Regel, Operations, Memphis Jason Brewer, CN Police, Toronto CoverANG 2/21/04 10:09 AM Page 1 2 0 0 3 A n n u a l R e p o r t 935 de La Gauchetière Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3B 2M9 www.cn.ca 2003 Annual Report I am a railroader.