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Capstone Infrastructure Corporation

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FY2017 Annual Report · Capstone Infrastructure Corporation
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2017 ANNUAL
MD&A and Financial Statements 

MANAGEMENT’S 
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

As at and for the year ended December 31,

Revenue (1), (2)
EBITDA (1), (2)
Net income (loss) (3). (4), (5)
Preferred dividends
Total assets (6)
Total long-term liabilities (6)
(1)  Comparative figures have been adjusted to remove amounts from discontinued operations. Total revenue and EBITDA including discontinued operations for 

1,147,017
785,087

(13,758)
3,427

117,383
2,452

1,201,910

110,055

108,249

833,882

2,522,089
1,493,836

49,137

3,752

135

2017
154,163

2016
172,940

2015
117,956

2016 are $364,255 and $130,190, respectively, and for 2015 are $344,983 and $162,227, respectively.

(2)  Revenue includes proceeds awarded of $33,288 for retroactive adjustments from the Ontario Electricity Financial Corporation ("OEFC") for Cardinal and the 

Ontario hydro facilities in 2016. In addition, EBITDA for 2016 includes $2,288 of interest income and $12,049 of associated operating expenses, which is a net 
$23,527 in EBITDA.

(3)  Net income (loss) attributable to the common shareholders, which excludes non-controlling interests.
(4)  Results include continuing operations and discontinued operations for all periods.
(5)  Net income for 2017 includes a $128,087 gain on the sale of Värmevärden and 2016 includes a $2,803 loss on the sale of Bristol Water.
(6)  The total assets and long-term liabilities for 2015 include balances relating to discontinued operations.

INSIDE THIS SECTION

Financial highlights
Legal notice
Introduction
Basis of presentation
Additional GAAP performance measures
Changes in the business
Results of operations
Financial position review

1
2
3
3
3
4
5
8

Derivative financial instruments
Risks and uncertainties
Environmental, health and safety regulation
Related party transactions
Summary of quarterly results
Fourth quarter 2017 highlights
Accounting policies and internal controls

13
13
16
17
18
19
19

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 1

LEGAL NOTICE
This document is not an offer or invitation for the subscription or purchase of or a recommendation of securities. It does not take into account the 
investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any investors. Before making an investment in Capstone Infrastructure 
Corporation (the "Corporation"), an investor or prospective investor should consider whether such an investment is appropriate to their particular 
investment needs, objectives and financial circumstances and consult an investment adviser if necessary.

Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 
Certain of the statements contained within this document are forward-looking and reflect management’s expectations regarding the future 
growth, results of operations, performance and business of the Corporation based on information currently available to the Corporation. Forward-
looking statements are provided for the purpose of presenting information about management’s current expectations and plans relating to the 
future and readers are cautioned that such statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. These statements use forward-looking words, 
such as “anticipate”, “continue”, “could”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “believe” or other similar words, and include, among 
other things, statements found in “Results of Operations” and "Financial Position Review". These statements are subject to known and unknown 
risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements and, 
accordingly, should not be read as guarantees of future performance or results. The forward-looking statements within this document are based 
on information currently available and what the Corporation currently believes are reasonable assumptions, including the material assumptions 
set out in the management’s discussion and analysis of the results of operations and the financial condition of the Corporation (“MD&A”) for the 
year ended December 31, 2017 under the headings "Changes in the Business", “Results of Operations” and "Financial Position Review", as 
updated in subsequently filed MD&A of the Corporation (such documents are available under the Corporation’s SEDAR profile at 
www.sedar.com).

Other potential material factors or assumptions that were applied in formulating the forward-looking statements contained herein include or relate 
to the following: that the business and economic conditions affecting the Corporation’s operations will continue substantially in their current state, 
including, with respect to industry conditions, general levels of economic activity, regulations, weather, taxes and interest rates; that the preferred 
shares will remain outstanding and that dividends will continue to be paid on the preferred shares; that there will be no material delays in the 
Corporation’s wind development projects achieving commercial operation; that the Corporation’s power facilities will experience normal wind, 
hydrological and solar irradiation conditions, and ambient temperature and humidity levels; that there will be no material changes to the 
Corporation’s facilities, equipment or contractual arrangements; that there will be no material changes in the legislative, regulatory and operating 
framework for the Corporation’s businesses; that there will be no material delays in obtaining required approvals for the Corporation’s power 
facilities; that there will be no material changes in environmental regulations for the power facilities; that there will be no significant event 
occurring outside the ordinary course of the Corporation’s businesses; the refinancing on similar terms of the Corporation’s and its subsidiaries’ 
various outstanding credit facilities and debt instruments which mature during the period in which the forward-looking statements relate; that the 
conversion rights pursuant to the convertible debenture issued in connection with the Grey Highlands ZEP, Ganaraska, Snowy Ridge and 
Settlers Landing wind facilities are exercised; market prices for electricity in Ontario and the amount of hours that Cardinal is dispatched; and the 
price that Whitecourt will receive for its electricity production considering the market price for electricity in Alberta, and Whitecourt’s agreement 
with Millar Western, which includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price received for electricity sold by the facility.

Although the Corporation believes that it has a reasonable basis for the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements, actual results 
may differ from those suggested by the forward-looking statements for various reasons, including: risks related to the Corporation’s securities 
(controlling shareholder, dividends on common shares and preferred shares are not guaranteed; and volatile market price for the Corporation’s 
securities); risks related to the Corporation and its businesses (availability of debt and equity financing; default under credit agreements and debt 
instruments; geographic concentration; foreign currency exchange rates; acquisitions, development and integration; environmental, health and 
safety; changes in legislation and administrative policy; and reliance on key personnel); and risks related to the Corporation’s power facilities 
(market price for electricity; power purchase agreements; completion of the Corporation’s wind development projects; operational performance; 
contract performance and reliance on suppliers; land tenure and related rights; environmental; and regulatory environment).

For a comprehensive description of these risk factors, please refer to the “Risk Factors” section of the Corporation’s Annual Information Form 
dated March 24, 2017, as supplemented by disclosure of risk factors contained in any subsequent annual information form, material change 
reports (except confidential material change reports), business acquisition reports, interim financial statements, interim management's discussion 
and analysis and information circulars filed by the Corporation with the securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada (which are 
available under the Corporation’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com).

The assumptions, risks and uncertainties described above are not exhaustive and other events and risk factors could cause actual results to 
differ materially from the results and events discussed in the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements within this document 
reflect current expectations of the Corporation as at the date of this document and speak only as at the date of this document. Except as may be 
required by applicable law, the Corporation does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 2

INTRODUCTION
Management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) summarizes Capstone Infrastructure Corporation's (the "Corporation" or 
"Capstone") consolidated financial position, operating results and cash flows as at and for the years ended December 31, 2017 
and 2016. 

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation 
and notes thereto as at and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Additional information about the Corporation, 
including its Annual Information Form ("AIF") for the year ended December 31, 2016, quarterly financial reports of Capstone and 
other public filings of the Corporation are available under the Corporation’s profile on the Canadian Securities Administrators’ 
System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR”) website at www.sedar.com.

This MD&A is dated March 6, 2018, the date on which this MD&A was approved by the Corporation’s Board of Directors.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Financial information in this MD&A is prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and 
amounts are in Canadian thousands of dollars or thousands of share amounts unless otherwise indicated.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale

On March 3, 2017, Capstone sold its 33.3% indirect interest in Värmevärden, resulting in the utilities - district heating segment 
being presented as a discontinued operation in the statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. As 
at December 31, 2016, Capstone accounted for its investment in Värmevärden as assets held for sale ("AHFS") on the 
consolidated statement of financial position within the current assets and liabilities.

On December 15, 2016, Capstone sold its 50% interest in Bristol Water, resulting in the utilities - water segment being presented 
as a discontinued operation in the statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2016. 

Foreign Currency Translation and Presentation

Amounts included in the consolidated financial statements of each entity in the Corporation are measured using the currency of 
the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”). The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in Canadian dollars (“presentation currency”), which is Capstone’s functional currency. The exchange rates used in 
the translation to the presentation currency are:

Swedish Krona (SEK)

UK Pound Sterling (£)

As at and for the year ended
December 31, 2016 (1)
December 31, 2017 (2)
(1)  Bristol Water's spot rate and average rate were as at and for the period ended December 15, 2016, the date of sale.
(2)  Refer to page 4 of "Changes in the Business" in this MD&A for details on the sale of Värmevärden. Capstone continues to have minimal SEK-denominated 

Average
0.1550

Average
1.8014

Spot
0.1478

Spot
1.6597

0.1530

0.1528

N/A

N/A

balances following the sale, which are expected to cease in 2018.

Results of Operations

The results of operations in this MD&A are discussed using GAAP performance measures such as revenue and expenses, and 
Earnings Before Interest Expense, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA"), an additional GAAP performance measure, 
which is not defined by IFRS. These performance measures are in place of the non-GAAP performance measures Adjusted 
EBITDA and AFFO discussed in the MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Corporation believes that the GAAP and 
additional GAAP performance measures are more useful for Capstone's common and preferred shareholders to assess 
operating results.

ADDITIONAL GAAP PERFORMANCE MEASURES DEFINITIONS 
While the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, this MD&A also 
contains a performance measure not defined by IFRS. The additional GAAP performance measure does not have any 
standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and is, therefore, unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other 
issuers. The Corporation believes that this indicator is useful since it provides additional information about the Corporation’s 
earnings performance and facilitates comparison of results over different periods. The additional GAAP measure used in this 
MD&A is defined below.

EBITDA
EBITDA is an additional GAAP financial measure defined as earnings (loss) before financing costs, income tax expense, 
depreciation and amortization. EBITDA includes earnings (loss) related to the non-controlling interest (“NCI”), impairment 
charges, and interest income. EBITDA represents Capstone’s capacity to generate income from operations before taking into 
account management’s financing decisions and costs of consuming tangible capital assets and intangible assets, which vary 
according to their age, technology, and management’s estimate of their useful life. EBITDA is presented on the consolidated 
statement of income.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 3

CHANGES IN THE BUSINESS
In 2017, Capstone made a strategic shift to focus the business as a North American independent power producer. This included 
changes to management and the Board of Directors, as well as selling its 33.3% indirect interest in Värmevärden.

In addition, progress was made on the following initiatives: 

• 

Acquired the remaining interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities;

•  Refinanced the CPC Credit Facilities;

•  Received funding under Alberta's Bioenergy Producer Program (“BPP”) and refurbished the facility at Whitecourt;

• 

• 

Signed a new Electricity Purchase Agreement ("EPA") for the Sechelt Creek facility with BC Hydro; and

Achieved commercial operation ("COD") at Settlers Landing and took over operations of Ingredion's 15 MW facility at 
Cardinal.

Changes to Management and Board of Directors
In 2017, David Eva and Andrew Kennedy were appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, 
and were also appointed as members of the Board of Directors. Michael Smerdon, Capstone's outgoing Chief Financial Officer, 
remains on Capstone's Board of Directors. 

In addition, Paul Smith, who was previously the non-executive chairman of Capstone Power Corp. ("CPC"), was appointed as a 
member of Capstone's Board of Directors and was appointed chair of the board on August 11, 2017. Paul Malan, Capstone's 
outgoing chair, remains on the Board of Directors. On September 13, 2017, Enis Moran resigned from the Board of Directors.

Sale of Värmevärden
On March 3, 2017, Capstone and its co-shareholder Macquarie European Infrastructure Fund 2 (“MEIF 2”) sold 100% of 
Värmevärden. Capstone received proceeds of $142,198, net of transaction costs of $2,378, for its 33.3% indirect interest in 
Värmevärden and the related outstanding loans receivable. Following the sale, on March 31, 2017, Capstone satisfied the 
remaining promissory note due to Irving Infrastructure Corp. ("Irving"). Capstone then distributed $131,968 to Irving as a return of 
capital, which included reductions of $45,636 to retained earnings and $86,332 to the Class A shares. The impact of these 
transactions did not change the carrying value of the Class A shares.

As a result of the sale, the utilities - district heating segment, including the gain on sale of $128,087, is presented as a 
discontinued operation (refer to page 3 "Basis of Presentation" in this MD&A).

Business Acquisition - Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick Wind Facilities
In December 2017, through a series of transactions, Capstone acquired the remaining (approximately 50%) ownership interests 
in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities for $21,837, bringing Capstone's ownership interest to 100%. The acquisition of the 
remaining interest was initially completed by a subsidiary of iCON Infrastructure Partners III, LP ("iCON III"), who then 
contributed the acquired assets to Capstone on December 31, 2017 in return for an additional capital contribution, recorded as 
an increase in shareholders' equity. These facilities continue to be managed by a subsidiary of Capstone and have existing 
power purchase agreements.

CPC Refinancing
On December 15, 2017, Capstone refinanced the corporate acquisition debt in place since the iCON III acquisition. The new 
CPC credit facilities provide $145,000 of total capacity, consisting of a $50,000 term facility and a $95,000 revolving facility ("the 
CPC Credit Facilities"). The proceeds drawn on the facilities were used to repay the former CPC credit facilities. The new CPC 
Credit Facilities mature on December 15, 2021 and bear interest at a variable rate plus an applicable margin.

Whitecourt Plant Refurbishment
On December 3, 2017, Whitecourt, Capstone’s biomass facility, successfully completed a $16,799 major refurbishment of the 
steam turbine and boiler.

Whitecourt Bioenergy Producer Program
On February 8, 2017, Whitecourt was notified that the Government of Alberta approved its application to the BPP. Whitecourt 
expects to receive grant funding of up to $4,800 for contributing to Alberta’s bioenergy production capacity over two program 
periods, the second of which ended September 30, 2017. For the year ended December 31, 2017, Capstone had produced 
enough eligible power to receive the full grant funding, of which $4,664 was received in 2017.

Sechelt Creek Facility EPA and shíshálh Nation Facility Agreement 
Effective March 1, 2018, Capstone signed a new 40 year EPA for the Sechelt Creek facility with BC Hydro, subject to regulatory 
approval. The EPA is at a price lower than the original EPA, which expired on February 28, 2017. Revenue was earned in 2017 
under an interim extension agreement.

In addition, on March 1, 2017, Capstone signed a facility agreement with the shíshálh Nation, which will result in minority equity 
ownership by the shíshálh Nation and profit sharing for the project.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 4

Ingredion Plant Achieved Commercial Operation
On November 24, 2017, Ingredion Canada Corporation (“Ingredion”) completed the construction of its 15 MW plant, to supply 
steam and electricity required for its corn wet milling plant. Cardinal will now receive a fixed amount (subject to escalation) to 
provide operational and maintenance services to Ingredion’s plant.

Settlers Landing Achieved Commercial Operation and Project Financing Term Conversion
On April 5, 2017, Capstone achieved COD on the Settlers Landing wind development project, an 8 MW facility located in Ontario 
with a power purchase agreement ("PPA") expiring in 2037. This was followed by the conversion of the construction term credit 
facility on August 31, 2017 to a five-year term facility which is non-recourse to Capstone.

Project Development
As at December 31, 2017, Capstone's development pipeline includes the Riverhurst wind development project, a 10 MW facility 
located in Saskatchewan with an expected COD in 2020. Capstone executed a 20-year PPA and interconnection agreement 
dated March 22, 2017 for this project with the Saskatchewan Power Corporation ("SaskPower").

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
In 2017, Capstone's EBITDA was higher and net income from continuing operations was lower than in 2016. Higher EBITDA 
from Capstone's continuing operations reflects:

• 

Lower corporate expenses from costs associated with the 2016 acquisition of Capstone by iCON III, including professional 
fees and staff separation costs;

•  Higher power segment results, primarily due to new wind facilities added since January 1, 2016, consisting of Ganaraska 

and Grey Highlands ZEP (collectively, "GHG"), Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing; and

•  Contributions from Whitecourt relating to the new government grant; partially offset by

• 

• 

The OEFC net proceeds awarded for retroactive payments to Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities in 2016; and

An increase in the fair value of the embedded derivative in 2016, which generally increases as forecasted Alberta power 
pool prices fall.

Revenue

Expenses

Other income and expenses

EBITDA
Interest expense

Depreciation and amortization

Income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

Net income (loss)

The remaining material changes in net income were:

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
154,163

Dec 31, 2016
172,940

(53,098)
8,990

110,055

(36,668)

(66,787)

(17,541)

(10,941)

129,317

118,376

(92,078)
27,387

108,249

(34,476)

(58,802)
3,859

18,830

(34,371)

(15,541)

Change
(18,777)
38,980

(18,397)
1,806
(2,192)
(7,985)
(21,400)

(29,771)
163,688

133,917

•  Higher depreciation and amortization, primarily due to new wind facilities added since January 1, 2016, consisting of GHG, 

Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing;

•  Higher income tax expense, primarily attributable to the sale of Värmevärden in 2017. This includes current taxes payable 

from the gain and the release of the deferred income tax asset for Capstone's tax basis in Värmevärden; and

•  Higher net income from discontinued operations, primarily reflecting the 2017 gain on sale of Värmevärden and net losses at 

Bristol Water in 2016.

Results by Segment
Capstone’s MD&A discusses the results of the power segment in Canada, as well as corporate activities. The power segment 
facilities produce electricity from natural gas, wind, biomass, hydro and solar resources, and are located in Ontario, Nova Scotia, 
Alberta, British Columbia and Québec. The segment also includes power development activities.

Corporate activities primarily comprise growth initiatives, capital structure expenses not specifically attributed to the facilities and 
costs to manage, oversee and report on the facilities.

Both of the utilities segments are presented as discontinued operations resulting from Capstone's sale of these investments. 
Refer to page 3 "Basis of Presentation" in this MD&A.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 5

Capstone's operating segments by ownership interest are:

Accounting treatment
at December 31, 2017

Ownership
Power (1), (2)

Cardinal (natural gas peaking facility), Erie Shores, SkyGen, Glace Bay, Glen Dhu, Fitzpatrick and
Grey Highlands Clean (wind facilities), Whitecourt (biomass facility), Amherstburg (solar facility)
and the hydro facilities.

Amherst, Saint-Philémon,
Goulais, GHG, Snowy Ridge and
Settlers Landing (wind facilities)

Wholly owned

Partially owned

Control

(1)  The power segment includes investments in wind development projects in addition to the operating businesses disclosed above.
(2)  On December 31, 2017, Capstone acquired the remaining 51% interest in Glen Dhu wind facility and the remaining 50% interest in Fitzpatrick wind facility, 

increasing Capstone’s interests in both to 100%. Results for the periods up to the acquisition are included in equity accounted income in the statement of 
income. Refer to page 4 of "Changes in Business" in this MD&A.

Revenue
Capstone's revenue is mainly driven by the generation and sale of electricity through long-term power contracts. 

Revenue

Wind
Gas (1)
Hydro (1), (2)
Solar
Biomass (3)
Total Revenue

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
93,512

Dec 31, 2016
76,935

21,160

15,104

15,747

8,640

54,293

20,551

16,478

4,683

154,163

172,940

Change
16,577

(33,133)
(5,447)
(731)
3,957

(18,777)

(1)  Revenue includes proceeds awarded of $33,288 for retroactive adjustments from the OEFC for Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities in 2016. 
(2)  The original Sechelt EPA expired on February 28, 2017 and a new one was signed effective March 1, 2018. Revenue was earned in 2017 under an interim 

extension agreement at a price lower than the original EPA.

(3)  For the year ended December 31, 2017, Whitecourt produced enough eligible power to receive $4,800 of grant funding, which was included in power revenue.

Power generated (GWh)

Wind (1)
Gas

Hydro

Solar
Biomass (2)
Total Power

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
827.4

Dec 31, 2016
689.2

37.4

176.4

36.7

142.5

88.6

181.7

39.2

196.8

1,220.4

1,195.5

Change
138.2
(51.2)
(5.3)
(2.5)
(54.3)
24.9

(1)  Production reflects 100% ownership but excludes the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities, whose remaining 51% and 50% ownership interests, respectively, 

were acquired on December 31, 2017. 

(2)  On August 17, 2017, Whitecourt began a temporary shutdown to progress its refurbishment project. Production was lower because the facility did not operate 

for 108 days in the third and fourth quarter of 2017. Whitecourt resumed operations on December 3, 2017.

Capstone's power segment earns revenue from:

• 

The wind facilities, which are located in Ontario, Nova Scotia and Québec, by producing and selling electricity in 
accordance with their PPA's with government agencies or regulated credit-worthy counterparties. On a megawatt ("MW") 
weighted-average-basis, the wind facilities have 15 years remaining on the current PPAs, with the earliest expiry in 2020.

•  Cardinal, a natural gas peaking facility, from fixed payments for providing capacity and availability to the IESO with a 2034 
power contract expiry and by supplying electricity to the Ontario grid when it is profitable to do so. In addition, Cardinal 
receives a fixed amount (subject to escalation) to provide operational and maintenance services to Ingredion’s plant.

• 

Amherstburg Solar Park, a solar facility located in Ontario, and the four hydro facilities located in Ontario and British 
Columbia, by generating and selling electricity under long-term PPAs. On a MW weighted-average-basis, the hydro 
facilities have 19 years remaining on the current PPAs, excluding the Sechelt Creek facility PPA, or 29 years remaining 
including the executed Sechelt PPA. The Amherstburg Solar Park PPA expires in 2031.

•  Whitecourt, a biomass facility, by selling electricity at market rates to the Alberta Power Pool. This is supplemented by a 

revenue sharing agreement with its fuel supplier, Millar Western. In addition, Whitecourt earns a portion of its revenue 
from government grants and the sale of renewable energy credits.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 6

The following table shows the significant changes in revenue from 2016:

Change Explanations
(33,288) Lower revenue due to OEFC proceeds awarded for retroactive revenue adjustments to Cardinal and the Ontario hydro

facilities in 2016.

(2,640) Lower revenue due to fewer runs at Cardinal.

(2,437) Lower revenue from the Sechelt hydro facility due to lower rates.

(1,455) Lower revenue from Whitecourt due to lower production from the temporary shutdown during the refurbishment.
14,534 Higher revenue from the new wind facilities, consisting of GHG, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing,

which reached COD after January 1, 2016.

4,800 Higher revenue at Whitecourt attributable to the BPP.
1,830 Higher revenue from the operating wind facilities (excluding new facilities) due to increased production, reflecting higher wind

resource.

(121) Various other changes.

(18,777) Change in revenue.

Seasonality

Overall, the results for Capstone’s power segment fluctuate during the year because of seasonal factors that affect quarterly 
production of each facility. These factors include scheduled maintenance and environmental factors such as water flows, solar 
radiation, wind speeds and density, ambient temperature and humidity, which affect the amount of electricity generated. In 
aggregate, these factors have historically resulted in higher electricity production during the first and fourth quarters.

Expenses
Expenses consist of expenditures within the power segment relating to operating expenses and costs to develop new projects, 
as well as corporate business development and administrative expenses.

Expenses

Wind
Gas (1)
Hydro

Solar

Biomass

Power operating expenses
Power

Corporate
Project development costs (2)
Administrative expenses (2)
Total Expenses

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
(16,277)

Dec 31, 2016
(15,221)

(11,487)

(4,258)
(961)
(9,307)

(42,290)

(1,557)
(533)
(2,090)

(8,718)

(53,098)

(24,873)
(4,803)
(1,139)
(10,911)

(56,947)
(2,763)
(12,492)

(15,255)

(19,876)

(92,078)

Change
(1,056)
13,386

545

178

1,604

14,657

1,206

11,959

13,165

11,158

38,980

(1)  Operating expenses include a one-time increase in fuel expenses of $12,049 related to the OEFC retroactive adjustments in 2016.
(2)  Project development costs and administrative expenses include one-time professional fees and staff costs of $23,309 in 2016 related to the iCON III acquisition.

Expenses for the operation and maintenance ("O&M") of the power facilities mainly consist of wages and benefits and payments 
to third party providers. The hydro facilities are operated and maintained under an O&M agreement. Capstone's wind facilities 
are operated by Capstone's workforce and maintained under service agreements, typically with the original equipment 
manufacturers, except for the Erie Shores wind facility, which has an internalized service function. In addition, Cardinal, 
Whitecourt and Amherstburg rely on the internal capabilities and experience of Capstone's workforce. The remaining significant 
costs include fuel, transportation, insurance, utilities, land leases, raw materials, chemicals, supplies and property taxes.

Project development costs consist of professional fees and directly attributable staff costs to pursue greenfield and other 
development projects, as well as costs to explore and execute potential transactions. Administrative expenses include staff 
costs, professional fees for legal, audit and tax, as well as certain office administration and premises costs.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 7

The following table shows the significant changes in expenses from 2016: 

Change Explanations

12,049 Lower operating expenses due to a one-time increase in fuel expenses related to retroactive adjustments from the OEFC in

2016.

11,878 Lower professional fees within corporate project development costs attributable to the iCON III acquisition in 2016.
11,431 Lower staff costs within administrative expenses and project development costs related to the iCON III acquisition in 2016,

including short-term and long-term incentive plan payments and employee separation costs.

2,327 Lower operating expenses at SkyGen due to repairs to a tower at Ferndale in 2016, net of insurance recoveries.

1,604 Lower operating expenses at Whitecourt primarily due to the temporary shutdown during the refurbishment.

1,296 Lower operating expenses due to fewer runs at Cardinal.
(2,371) Higher operating expenses from the new wind facilities, consisting of Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers

Landing, which reached COD after January 1, 2016.

766 Various other changes.

38,980 Change in expenses.

FINANCIAL POSITION REVIEW
Overview
The December 31, 2017 consolidated statement of financial position includes balances related to the consolidation of Glen Dhu 
and Fitzpatrick on December 31, 2017, and excludes balances relating to Capstone's 33.3% indirect interest in Värmevärden as 
a result of the sale on March 3, 2017 and the remaining tranches of the Irving promissory note payable, which were converted or 
repaid on March 31, 2017. In addition, Capstone refinanced the corporate credit facilities in place since the iCON III acquisition, 
providing greater flexibility and lower cost. These transactions have improved Capstone's net current assets to $10,372 
compared with a net current liability of $55,627 as at December 31, 2016.

As at December 31, 2017, Capstone and its subsidiaries complied with all debt covenants.

Liquidity
Working capital

As at
Power

Corporate

Net current assets (liabilities)
Corporate - promissory note payable (1)
Working capital (2)
(1) 

Dec 31, 2017
2,409

Dec 31, 2016
26,092

7,963

10,372

—
10,372

(81,719)

(55,627)
96,702

41,075

In 2016, the promissory note was held by Irving, the owner of the Corporation's Class A shares, and was classified as current due to the demand feature of the 
note. The promissory note was converted or repaid on March 31, 2017.

(2)  GAAP does not define working capital. To assist in understanding liquidity it is calculated as current assets less current liabilities adjusted for items Capstone 

did not expect to fund from current liquidity, including the promissory note payable in 2016.

Capstone's working capital was $30,703 lower than as at December 31, 2016 due to decreases of $23,683 and $7,020 in power 
and corporate, respectively.

The power segment reduction reflects an increase of $24,039 in the current portion of long-term debt primarily attributable to:

• 

• 

• 

$36,286 of debt maturing in August 2018 at SkyGen and Skyway 8; and

$6,569 of new debt as a result of consolidating Glen Dhu subsequent to acquisition; partially offset by

$19,675 lower payments under the new CPC Credit Facilities.

The new CPC Credit Facilities' minimum annual principal repayment of $5,000 is included in the current portion of long-term 
debt. As at December 31, 2017, Capstone's new revolving facility had $51,273 of available capacity.

The corporate working capital decrease primarily reflects funding provided for the Whitecourt refurbishment of $14,047 and the 
sale of $13,197 of current assets attributable to Värmevärden, net of taxes payable on the sale. These were partially offset by 
$23,340 received from the Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities OEFC proceeds.

Cash and cash equivalents

As at
Power

Corporate

Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Dec 31, 2017
53,826

Dec 31, 2016
56,000

10,257

64,083

6,246

62,246

Page 8

Unrestricted cash represents funds available for operating activities, capital expenditures and future acquisitions. The 
unrestricted cash and cash equivalents increase of $1,837 consists of a $4,011 increase at corporate, partially offset by a 
decrease of $2,174 at the power segment. The increase at corporate reflects the $23,340 distribution of OEFC proceeds from 
Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities to corporate, partially offset by funding for the Whitecourt refurbishment of $14,047. The 
related decrease at the power segment from the distribution was partially offset by higher cash balances due to seasonality of 
production and funds for Whitecourt's capital expenditures. 

Cash and cash equivalents at the power segment of $53,826 is only periodically accessible to corporate through distributions 
under the terms of the CPC Credit Facilities, which allow for distributions, subject to certain conditions. In turn, CPC receives 
distributions from its subsidiary power assets, which are subject to the terms of their project-specific credit agreements.

Restricted cash

Restricted cash decreased by $5,295 primarily due to lower cash reserve requirements at the hydro facilities, which are now 
funded through letters of credit, and the release of construction reserves at Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers 
Landing.

Cash flow

Capstone’s consolidated cash and cash equivalents increased by $1,837 in 2017 compared with a decrease of $12,012 in 2016. 
The components of the increase, as presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows, from both continuing and 
discontinued operations, are summarized as follows:

For the year ended
Operating activities

Investing activities

Financing activities (excluding dividends to shareholders)

Dividends paid to shareholders

Exchange difference on translation of discontinued operations

Change in cash and cash equivalents

Dec 31, 2017
73,125

(23,040)

(45,796)
(2,452)
—
1,837

Dec 31, 2016
121,189
(210,235)
93,185
(9,887)
(6,264)
(12,012)

Cash flow from operating activities was $48,064 lower in 2017 but $21,430 higher, excluding discontinued operations. The 
increase from continuing operations consists of $22,411 of higher corporate cash flows partially offset by $981 of lower power 
segment cash flows. Cash flows from corporate increased in 2017 primarily because of non-recurring costs in 2016, relating to 
the iCON III acquisition. The decrease in power segment cash flows primarily reflects the net OEFC proceeds awarded for 
retroactive payments to Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities in 2016 partially offset by higher revenue from the new wind 
facilities and the grants received from the BPP at Whitecourt in 2017.

Cash flows from discontinued operations decreased primarily due to the sale of Bristol Water in December 2016.

Cash flow used in investing activities was $187,195 lower in 2017 and $160,970 lower, excluding discontinued operations. In 
2017, cash used by the continuing operations primarily included power segment funding of $18,236 (2016 - $120,992) for the 
construction of projects under development and $16,025 (2016 - $15,536) to fund capital asset additions. These uses were 
partially offset by a decrease in restricted cash of $5,295 in 2017 (2016 - $10,994 increase in restricted cash) primarily because 
the hydro facilities cash reserves were replaced with letters of credit and the release of construction reserves at GHG, Grey 
Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing. In addition, the acquisition of the remaining 51% ownership interest in Glen 
Dhu contributed cash of $3,574.

Cash flows used in discontinued operations in 2016 primarily consist of $49,624 used to fund capital asset additions at Bristol 
Water, partially offset by a $23,432 settlement of the Värmevärden shareholder loan. 

Cash flow from financing activities changed by $138,981 in 2017 and $282,396, excluding discontinued operations, to a use 
of funds. In 2017, cash used in the continuing operations was higher primarily due to lower proceeds from debt draws of 
$215,794 due to debt raised for CPC, Cardinal, GHG, Grey Highlands Clean and Snowy Ridge in 2016. In addition, $131,968 of 
cash was used as a return of capital to Irving and debt payments were $27,870 higher as a result of the corporate debt 
refinancing completed in December 2017. These uses were partially offset by lower one-time repayments of $43,466 on the 
Irving promissory note as well as $43,176 in 2016 to redeem the convertible debentures.

Cash flows from discontinued operations in 2017 consist of $142,198 of proceeds received from the sale of Värmevärden.

Dividends paid to shareholders were $7,435 lower in 2017 due to the suspension of common share dividends after the iCON 
III acquisition and lower fixed dividend rates for the preferred shares, which took effect on July 31, 2016.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 9

Long-term Debt

Continuity of Capstone's long-term debt for the year ended was:

Long-term debt (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)

Deferred financing fees

Less: current portion of long-term debt

Dec 31, 2016

Additions

Repayments

Other

Dec 31, 2017

782,220

(16,229)

765,991

(62,169)

703,822

83,717

(1,167)

82,550

—

82,550

(121,132)

—

(121,132)

13,071

(108,061)

88,885

2,248

91,133

(37,110)

54,023

833,690

(15,148)

818,542

(86,208)

732,334

(1)  Additions of $83,717 include $65,915 related to the new CPC Credit Facilities and $17,802 for the Settlers Landing wind development project construction term 

facility. The facility converted to a five-year term facility on August 31, 2017.

(2)  Repayments of $121,132 include a $64,683 repayment of the former CPC credit facility on December 15, 2017, as well as scheduled repayments. 
(3)  Other additions of $88,885 relate to the acquisition of the remaining interest in Glen Dhu, which is consolidated as at December 31, 2017.
(4)  Capstone's power facilities have a cumulative $42,121 utilized on its letter of credit facilities.
(5)  On February 6, 2018, SkyGen, Skyway8 and their existing lenders extended the term loan maturity dates to August 2018.

As at December 31, 2017, Capstone's long-term debt consisted of $65,915 for the new CPC Credit Facilities and $767,775 of 
project debt within the power segment. The current portion of long-term debt was $86,208, consisting of scheduled debt 
amortization, including commitments under the new CPC Credit Facilities of $5,000, as well as the upcoming project debt 
maturities for SkyGen and Skyway 8 of $20,360 and $18,337, respectively. Capstone expects to repay the scheduled 
amortization from income generated by the power assets and extended the maturing project debt for the SkyGen and Skyway 8 
wind facilities to August 2018. Capstone is evaluating options to refinance this project debt.

On December 15, 2017, Capstone refinanced the corporate acquisition debt in place since the iCON III acquisition. The new 
CPC Credit Facilities provide $145,000 of total capacity, consisting of a $50,000 term facility and a $95,000 revolving facility. The 
proceeds drawn on the facilities were used to repay the former CPC credit facilities. As at December 31, 2017, Capstone has 
drawn $50,000 of the term facility and utilized $43,727 of the revolving facility. The new CPC Credit Facilities mature on 
December 15, 2021 and bear interest at a variable rate plus an applicable margin.

CPC and its project financed subsidiaries are subject to customary covenants, including specific limitations on leverage and 
interest coverage ratios. All of the power segment's project debt is non-recourse to Capstone, except for $6,160 of limited 
recourse guarantees provided to the lenders of the various wind projects.

Equity
Shareholders’ equity comprise

As at
Common shares
Preferred shares (1)
Share capital

Retained earnings

Equity attributable to Capstone shareholders

Non-controlling interests

Total shareholders’ equity

Dec 31, 2017
62,270

Dec 31, 2016
40,433

72,020

134,290

72,024

206,314

55,249

261,563

72,020

112,453

2,800

115,253

61,417

176,670

(1)  Capstone has 3,000 publicly listed Series A preferred shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Promissory Note Payable
On April 29, 2016, Capstone issued a $316,225 demand interest-free promissory note to Irving, the owner of the Corporation's 
Class A shares, as part of the iCON III acquisition. On issuance, the promissory note consisted of three tranches: £106,000, 
712,700 SEK, and $10,370 which were classified as a current liability and were due on demand. On September 2, 2016, 160,000 
SEK, or $24,992, was repaid and on December 15, 2016, the £106,000 tranche was converted into Class A shares of the 
Corporation. On March 31, 2017, Irving converted the remaining SEK tranche of the promissory note into Class A shares of the 
Corporation and the Canadian denominated tranche of the promissory note was repaid. As a result, no promissory note payable 
to Irving remains as at December 31, 2017.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 10

Contractual Obligations

As at December 31, 2017, Capstone had outstanding contractual obligations with amounts due as follows:

Long-term debt (1)
Operating leases

Asset retirement obligations

Purchase obligations

Total contractual obligations

Within one year One year to five years
341,972
19,134

118,029
4,668

 Beyond five years
670,018
49,235

—

13,468

136,165

—
33,721

394,827

14,982

51,697

785,932

 Total
1,130,019

73,037

14,982

98,886

1,316,924

(1)  Long-term debt includes principal and interest payments.

Long-term debt

• 

Long-term debt is discussed on page 10 "Long-term Debt" in this MD&A.

Operating leases

The following leases have been included in the table based on known minimum operating lease commitments:

•  Capstone's operating wind facilities and wind development projects have entered into agreements for the use, or option to 

use, land in connection with the operation of existing and future wind farms. Payment under these agreements is typically a 
minimum amount with additional payments dependent on the amount of power generated by the wind facility. The 
agreements can be renewed and extend as far as 2061.

•  Cardinal leases the site on which it is located from Ingredion. Under the lease, Cardinal pays monthly rent. The lease 
extends through 2034 and expires concurrently with the Energy Savings Agreement between Ingredion and Cardinal. 

• 

• 

Amherstburg leases the land on which its operating facilities are located. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2036. 

The Corporation has an operating lease for the corporate office ending in 2023.

Capstone's operating lease commitments with no minimum operating lease commitments required are:

•  Capstone has agreements with the Provinces of Ontario and British Columbia for the lease of certain lands and water rights 
necessary for the operation of its hydro power facilities. The payments under these agreements vary based on actual power 
production. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2033 and 2042. 

Asset retirement obligations

Commitments associated with our asset retirement obligations for Capstone's power facilities are projected to occur principally 
over the next 25 years.

Purchase obligations

Capstone enters into contractual commitments in the normal course of business, either directly or through its subsidiaries. These 
contracts include capital commitments and operations and maintenance ("O&M") agreements:

Capital commitments

•  During 2017, Whitecourt entered into several contracts as part of its refurbishment of the steam turbine and boiler. The 
project is expected to extend the life of the facility by 20 years. As at December 31, 2017, Whitecourt's remaining 
contractual commitments have been recorded in its accrued liabilities.

O&M agreements

•  Cardinal has a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited covering the gas turbine at the 15 MW Ingredion 

plant. The contract expires on November 24, 2023.

•  Capstone has several service and maintenance agreements covering the turbines in operation on various wind facilities. 
The agreements provide for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance and require annual minimum payments, subject to 
inflationary increases, as applicable.

•  Capstone has an O&M agreement with Regional Power OPCO Inc. (“Regional”) to operate and maintain the hydro power 

facilities. Regional is paid a monthly management fee and is eligible for an annual incentive fee. The agreement expires 
on November 30, 2021.

Other commitments

In addition to the commitments included in the table on page 11, Capstone has the following other commitments with no fixed 
minimum payments:

Power Purchase Agreements

A significant portion of the Corporation's electricity revenue is earned through long-term PPAs. The majority of these contracts 
include terms and conditions customary to the industry. For Cardinal's contract, the nature of commitments includes: electricity 
capacity; availability; and production targets. For the remaining power facilities, Capstone is not obligated to deliver electricity; 
however, in certain circumstances, if a facility fails to meet the performance requirements, the operating facilities' PPA may be 
terminated after a specified period of time.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 11

Management services agreements

Capstone has agreements with all the partially owned wind facilities and development projects, including Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Goulais, GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing (Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick were included up until the acquisition 
of the remaining ownership interests on December 31, 2017). For the operating projects, these agreements are primarily for 
the provision of management and administration services and are based on an agreed percentage of revenue. The 
development projects additionally include a development fee for the successful completion of the projects, which pays an 
agreed fee per MW on completion of development.

Wood waste supply agreement

The Whitecourt and Millar Western fuel supply agreement for wood waste includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price 
received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

Energy savings agreement ("ESA")

Cardinal has an ESA with Ingredion which matures on December 31, 2034. Under the terms of the ESA, Cardinal is required 
to provide O&M services in respect of the 15 MW plant that was completed in 2017, and supply steam and compressed air to 
Ingredion for the use of its manufacturing facility. Cardinal entered into a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited 
in connection with the operation and maintenance of the 15 MW plant in order to support Cardinal's satisfaction of the O&M 
terms of the ESA.

Guarantees

Capstone has provided limited recourse guarantees on the project debt of certain wind projects totalling $6,160 as at 
December 31, 2017. Capstone has also provided a guarantee to the former 25% owner of the Grey Highlands Clean wind 
facility which provides future contractual payments based on operational performance up to an aggregate amount of $4,614. 
The guarantee terminates when the final payment is made on March 21, 2021.

There have been no other significant changes to the specified contractual obligations that are outside the ordinary course of 
business. Refer to page 4 of "Changes in the Business" in this MD&A for details. Capstone is not engaged in any off-balance 
sheet financing transactions. 

Equity Accounted Investments
Equity accounted investments decreased by $22,464 primarily due to the acquisition of the remaining interests in Glen Dhu and 
Fitzpatrick wind facilities on December 31, 2017. In addition, Capstone sold its interest in Värmevärden on March 3, 2017. As at 
December 31, 2017, Capstone no longer follows the equity accounting method for any of its investments. Refer to page 4 of 
"Changes in the Business" in this MD&A for details.

Capital Asset Expenditure Program
Capstone incurred $32,350 of capital asset expenditures during 2017, which included $17,967 of additions to capital assets and 
$14,383 of additions to projects under development. Capstone's capital expenditures were:

Power

Corporate

Utilities – water

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
32,305

Dec 31, 2016
114,719

45

—
32,350

102

53,590

168,411

Capital expenditures primarily reflect costs to develop and construct the wind development projects and costs to refurbish 
Whitecourt's steam turbine and boiler. In 2017, $15,187 was capitalized primarily for the Settlers Landing wind facility versus 
$108,505 related to developing and constructing the Ganaraska, Grey Highlands ZEP, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and 
Settlers Landing development projects in 2016. In 2017, Whitecourt invested $16,799 to refurbish its steam turbine and boiler. 
The refurbishment began on August 17, 2017 and operations successfully resumed on December 3, 2017.

Capital expenditures for the utilities – water segment in 2016 included both growth and maintenance activities as planned in 
Bristol Water’s regulatory capital expenditure program. On December 15, 2016, Capstone sold its 50% interest in Bristol Water.

Income Taxes
In 2017, the current income tax expense was $371 (2016 - $1,658), which primarily includes corporate minimum taxes and 
capital gains taxes payable on the sale of Värmevärden.

Capstone's total deferred income tax assets were fully realized on the sale of Värmevärden (2016 - $14,750). Deferred income 
tax liabilities of $89,243 (2016 - $72,673) primarily relate to the differences between the amortization of intangible and capital 
assets for tax and accounting purposes.

In 2017, Capstone’s net deferred income tax liability increased by $31,320 primarily due to the the sale of Värmevärden and the 
addition of $15,060 assumed on the consolidation of Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick (refer to page 4 "Changes in the Business" in this 
MD&A).

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 12

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Capstone has exposure to market, credit and liquidity risks from its use of financial instruments as described in note 7 financial 
instruments and note 8 financial risk management in the consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 
December 31, 2017. These notes contain further details on the implicit risks and valuation methodology employed for Capstone’s 
financial instruments.

To manage the certain financial risks inherent in the business, Capstone enters into derivative contracts primarily to mitigate the 
economic impact of the fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. The fair values of these contracts, as well as 
the Whitecourt embedded derivative included in the consolidated statement of financial position, were:

As at
Derivative contract assets

Derivative contract liabilities

Net derivative contract assets (liabilities)

Dec 31, 2017
21,364
(2,144)
19,220

Dec 31, 2016
18,526
(3,572)
14,954

Net derivative contracts assets increased by $4,266 from December 31, 2016, primarily due to gains of $9,930, partially offset by 
contractual settlement payments of $5,664 received from Millar Western.

The gains (losses) attributable to fair value changes of derivatives in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive 
income comprised:

For the year ended
Whitecourt embedded derivative

Interest rate swap contracts

Foreign currency option contracts

Gains (losses) on derivatives in net income from continuing operations
Interest rate swap contracts in other comprehensive income from discontinued operations

Gains (losses) on derivatives in total comprehensive income

Dec 31, 2017
5,396

Dec 31, 2016
24,964

4,534

—
9,930

—
9,930

2,401

115

27,480
(608)
26,872

The gain on derivatives was primarily attributable to an increase in the Whitecourt embedded derivative asset because of lower 
estimated forward Alberta power pool prices since December 31, 2016. In addition, the gains from the interest rate swap 
contracts primarily reflect higher long-term interest rates since December 31, 2016.

RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Introduction
Risk is an inevitable aspect of operating any business. Decisions that balance risk exposure with intended financial rewards 
within risk tolerances are the responsibility of the Corporation's management under the supervision of the Board of Directors. 
When a risk exposure exceeds the Corporation's risk tolerance, the Corporation will, to the extent possible, take steps to 
eliminate, avoid, reduce or transfer such risk.

The Corporation recognizes the importance and benefits of timely identification, assessment and management of risks that may 
impact the Corporation's ability to achieve its strategic and financial objectives. In this respect, the Corporation is committed to 
prudent risk management practices within the context of an enterprise risk management (“ERM”) framework. The Corporation 
maintains a registry of risks that is reviewed by management and the Board of Directors at least quarterly. The Corporation also 
undertakes an annual comprehensive review of its ERM framework and practices to continuously improve its risk management 
practices.

What follows is a description of the Corporation's key risk governance and risk processes to support achievement of strategic 
and financial performance objectives.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 13

Risk Management Principles and Governance
The Corporation's ERM framework is based on five core principles which establish the culture and tone that guide risk 
management decisions. Risk management is everyone's responsibility, about decision-making, embedded within existing 
management routines, about people and culture, and specific to each business unit. The Corporation's interpretation of the ERM 
framework includes the following hierarchy of responsibilities:

•  Board of Directors and Audit Committee have overall governance responsibility for 
setting and overseeing management's implementation of the risk management policy.

•  Internal Audit reports to the Audit Committee and is responsible for reviewing 

management's practices to manage risks in specific areas agreed from time to time 
between management and the Audit Committee.

•  Senior Management is responsible for ensuring the implementation of the ERM 

framework to all applicable activities and reporting to the Audit Committee.

•  Business Units are responsible for ensuring the application of a risk management 

framework to identify, monitor and report risk.

•  Risk Owners are responsible for the identification and day-to-day management and 

oversight of risks in their assigned area.

Risk Management Processes
The Corporation's framework relies on the following six key ERM processes to integrate risk management activities with strategic 
and operational planning, decision-making and day-to-day oversight of business activities.

•  Risk identification is the process of identifying and categorizing risks that could impact the Corporation's objectives.

•  Risk assessment is the process of determining the likelihood and impact of the risk. The Corporation uses a five-point 

rating scale for likelihood and impact.

•  Risk prioritization is the process of ranking risks as high, medium or low based on the net risk rating as described in the 

diagram below.

•  Risk management responses are measures taken to optimize the Corporation's net risk exposure within overall tolerance to 

achieve the desired balance between risk and reward.

•  Monitoring and reporting are the processes of assessing the effectiveness of risk management responses.

•  Training and support ensure that personnel tasked with risk management responsibilities have sufficient knowledge and 

experience to complete their risk management obligations.

The Corporation's risk management approach is comprehensive. It combines the
experience and specialized knowledge of individual business segments and
corporate oversight functions as well as various analytic tools and methodologies,
including a risk matrix (see chart to the right), to assist the Corporation in
regularly assessing and updating the net exposure (including mitigants) of each
known material risk facing the Corporation in the following four risk categories:
operational; strategic; financial; and legal and regulatory. The Corporation's
assessment process prioritizes risks.

Managing Risk
The Corporation requires that risk assessments (which encompass operational, strategic, financial and legal and regulatory 
risks) be performed for the power facilities and at the corporate level. 

In addition to these risks, there are numerous other risk factors, many of which are beyond the Corporation's control and the 
effects of which can be difficult to predict, that could be material to investors or cause the Corporation's results to differ 
significantly from its plans, objectives and estimates. For a more comprehensive list and description of the risks affecting the 
Corporation refer to the “Risk Factor” section of the Corporation's most recently filed Annual Information Form, as supplemented 
by risk factors contained in any of the following documents filed by the Corporation with securities commissions or similar 
authorities in Canada after the date of this annual MD&A, which are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com: material change 
reports; business acquisition reports; interim financial statements; and interim management's discussion and analysis.

Risks Related to the Corporation and its Businesses

Risks that have materially affected the Corporation's financial statements, or that have a reasonable likelihood of affecting them 
materially in the future, are presented in the table below. Risks specific to Capstone's power segment, as well as at the 
corporate-level, are included. The table excludes risks related to the utilities segments which were sold in 2016 and 2017.

Therefore changes from risks disclosed in the MD&A for the year-ended December 31, 2016 predominately reflect changes to 
the strategic direction of the Corporation, as a refocused pure-play independent power producer.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 14

Risk and Description

Operational Risks

PPA renewal risk concerns the ability to 
recontract expiring PPA's on economically 
feasible terms and failing to align with the 
useful lives of the power facilities.

Succession and human resources 
retention risks concern the ability to 
replace senior management and attract, 
retain and motivate key staff.

Production risk concerns the 
dependence of power production on 
adequate resources such as wind, 
sunlight and water flow as well as fuel 
supply and the availability of each of the 
sites.

Development and capital expenditure 
risks concern the construction of new 
power generation facilities in line with the 
requirements of awarded PPAs and 
planned maintenance capital 
expenditures required on existing facilities 
to maintain operations.

Information technology and data 
security risk concerns the ability to 
develop, maintain and manage complex 
information technology systems which are 
used to operate and monitor its facilities 
and other business systems.

Strategic Risks

Competition risk concerns the ability to 
source and complete attractive 
investment opportunities that support 
Capstone's growth initiatives within the 
power segment.

Financial Risks

Expense management risk concerns 
unexpected non-recoverable increases in 
operating and administrative costs. 

Impact

Monitoring and Mitigation

If Capstone is unsuccessful or delayed in
recontracting its expiring PPAs, it would
cause Capstone to fall short of its
financial forecasts, as revenue short-falls
could result from operating in merchant or
other markets.

Inability to retain or replace key staff or
senior management could prevent or
delay Capstone from executing its
business strategy, thereby causing
Capstone to fall short of its financial
forecasts.

Low availability, inadequate wind,
sunlight, water flow, wood waste or gas
leads to lower power production which
results in lower revenues.

Delays and cost overruns in the 
construction of new facilities or in 
performing planned maintenance or 
refurbishments could lead to lower cash 
flows, and where PPA requirements are 
not met, cancellation of the PPA resulting 
in lost revenue and impairment of any 
capitalized costs for the facility.

Cyber attacks or unauthorized access to
information technology systems may lead
to production disruptions and system
failures that, amongst other things, may
result in lower production and revenues.

Capstone mitigates by starting negotiations with
counter-party(ies) well before contract expiry,
considering impacts of other stakeholders and working
to ensure the broader benefits of the facility are
considered in the process. In addition, company-wide
mitigation is provided by maintaining a diversified
portfolio to reduce the impact of any one facility to the
overall consolidated financial results.

Capstone mitigates this risk by providing competitive
compensation, as well as career and development
opportunities to its employees.

Capstone maintains facilities in quality condition to
maximize availability for power generation when
renewable resources are available and strongest.
Capstone also seeks to diversify its portfolio of
businesses to mitigate the dependency on a single
resource or geography.

Capstone has professional project management
processes and uses experienced contractors and
advisors. Capstone contracts include a combination of
incentives, liquidated damages, or fixed-pricing to align
suppliers interests to project results.

Capstone follows a recognized IT framework which 
includes security and recovery plans.

In addition, certain sites are compliant with North 
American Electric Reliability Corporation standards.

Inability to source and execute attractive
growth opportunities may lead to lower
long-term cash flow as businesses
operating under finite term contracts
experience uncertainty about their longer
term cash flow potential.

Management periodically reviews and updates strategy 
with the Board of Directors to determine a mandate.

Capstone actively monitors the power segment for 
opportunities using internal resources and external 
advisers.

Unanticipated increases in costs could
result in lower earnings and cash flow.

Capstone attempts to mitigate this risk by monitoring
costs versus budgets, controlling discretionary
spending and entering long-term service contracts.

Forecasting Risk concerns the accuracy 
of projections for results from operations 
due to error or unpredictable economic, 
market and specific business factors.

Volatility of financial forecasts increases
liquidity reserve requirements to pay
expenses, reducing cash flows.

Taxation risk concerns higher income 
and other taxes attributable to adverse 
legislation changes, including tax rate 
increases, or interpretations by tax 
authorities on audit.

Higher taxation results in both lower
income and cash flow available.

Capstone targets businesses which have inherently 
predictable financial results from operations and 
requires periodic external review of its financial models 
to track and forecast future cash flows.

Capstone maintains adequate levels of liquidity to 
manage during periods of uncertainty.

Capstone minimizes exposures to adverse tax rulings 
by choosing structures that adhere to taxation 
regulations, are commonly used in practice and 
wherever practical supported by opinions of external 
advisers.

In addition, Capstone monitors the trends and policies 
of taxation authorities in the jurisdictions where its 
businesses operate.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 15

Risk and Description

Impact

Monitoring and Mitigation

Financing risk concerns the ability to 
access timely and cost effective debt or 
equity to support the development and 
construction of power facilities, business 
acquisitions and replace maturing debt.

Inability to access cost-effective debt or 
equity could result in higher interest costs, 
lower cash flow or liquidity difficulties.

For an acquisition, this could also prevent 
Capstone from realizing a growth 
opportunity.

Capstone maintains relationships with multiple financial 
institutions that have the resources to provide some or 
all financing requirements. In addition, most existing 
project debt amortizes over the term of the PPAs to 
minimize refinancing requirements and debt maturities 
are staggered.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

Contract and permit compliance risk 
concerns the ability to operate Capstone's 
power businesses within the allowances 
of an increasing number of requirements.

Failure to comply with contracts and
permits can impact Capstone's power
contracts, debt facilities, and other
agreements, which can lead to lower cash
flow from the existing businesses by
reducing revenue or increasing costs to
restore the ability to operate at capacity.

Capstone endeavours to secure committed financing 
prior to making offers to acquire businesses. 

Capstone maintains its contracts, permits and licenses,
works with knowledgeable contractors and responds to
adverse findings promptly to minimize the impact.

ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATION
Capstone's power facilities (collectively the “Facilities”) hold all material permits and approvals required for their operation and 
maintenance. All assets are managed to comply with health, safety and environmental ("HSE") laws in addition to Capstone's 
corporate and facility-specific HSE policies. 

The Facilities are subject to complex and stringent environmental, health and safety regulatory regimes, which primarily focus 
on:

•  Commitment to identify, eliminate, mitigate and manage health and safety issues for all workers, visitors, nearby landowners 

and other personnel at each of the Facilities;

•  Regulatory compliance of emissions and discharges related to air, noise, water, and sewage. 

• 

Proper storage, handling, use, transportation and distribution of dangerous goods and hazardous and residual materials 
including the prevention of releases of these materials to the environment; 

•  Management of construction and operation related permits to ensure compliance with all HSE regulations; and

• 

Protection of the natural and built environment including environmentally sensitive features and wildlife.

Due to the nature of their operations, the Facilities are not subject to any material contingent environmental liabilities or 
environmental remediation costs upon the retirement of assets.

Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases and Policy Changes
Due to the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide ("CO2") and nitrous oxides ("NOx), some of the Facilities, 
particularly the Cardinal and Whitecourt facilities, have an ongoing operational impact on the environment. All Facilities comply in 
all material respects with the applicable Canadian legislation and guidelines regarding greenhouse gases and other emissions.  
Capstone mitigates the potential impact of future changes to environmental legislation and guidelines by remaining diligent in the 
operation of the Facilities, including implementing stringent policies and procedures to prevent the contravention of permits and 
approvals.

There are a number of proposals in respect of changes to climate change legislation and guidelines (including proposed limits on 
greenhouse gas emissions) in various stages of development, in various jurisdictions. The Canadian federal government ratified 
the Paris Accord, negotiated under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in the fall of 2016. Pursuant 
to the Paris Accord, the parties committed, in a non-binding manner, to accelerate actions and investments needed to limit global 
average temperatures to below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C.

The federal government and each of the Provinces, with the exception of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, jointly issued the Pan-
Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change (“Framework”).  The Framework is the blueprint by which the 
federal government and the provinces will attempt to meet their previously agreed-upon target of a 30% reduction in greenhouse 
gas emissions from 2005 levels by 2030. Elements of the Framework include all provincial jurisdictions being required to price 
carbon by 2018. However, provincial jurisdictions have the flexibility to implement a variety of carbon regimes ranging from price-
based regimes such as a carbon tax, to performance-based emissions regimes  such as cap and trade. For jurisdictions with a 
price-based regime, the price should at least start at $10/tonne in 2018 and rise by $10/tonne each year to $50/tonne by 2022. 
As a regulatory backstop, the federal government has also proposed the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, which would 
introduce a carbon pricing regime to those provinces that failed to implement adequate provincial measures. 

The Alberta Climate Leadership Act was proclaimed in force as of January 1, 2017. It imposes a carbon levy on certain fuels, 
such as natural gas and oil, imported into the Province or sold in the Province. This legislation will not have a direct effect on 
renewable generation including the Whitecourt facility.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 16

The Ontario cap-and-trade regime came into force on January 1, 2017 under the Climate Change Mitigation and Low-carbon 
Economy Act. Under the regime, a participating facility, which does not include any of the Capstone Facilities, can only emit as 
much carbon as it has allowances for. The total number of allowances for all participating facilities (i.e. the cap) will steadily 
decline each year during the first and second compliance periods effective until December 31, 2030. The regime was updated in 
2017 to link Ontario's program to the joint Quebec-California program. Effective January 1, 2018, allowances and credits from all 
jurisdictions are completely fungible. The new Ontario Offset Credits regulation, also effective January 1, 2018, will allow for the 
creation of offset credits for use in the regime. Ontario is continuing to develop a voluntary offset program, which may allow for 
Capstone’s involvement as a voluntary market participant. 

Cardinal
There is currently no restriction on the amount of CO2 that the Cardinal facility may emit, although the facility is required to report 
its CO2 emissions under various federal and provincial regulations. Environmental regulations in Ontario also provide for, among 
other things, the reporting, allocation and retirement of NOx emissions. NOx emissions from Cardinal's generating equipment are 
lower than the levels mandated by legislation.

Whitecourt

The Whitecourt facility uses biomass combustion technology to convert the energy content in wood waste into electricity. 
Biomass is generally considered to be carbon-neutral as the amount of CO2 arising from combustion is equal to what would be 
emitted if the biomass were to decompose naturally. As a result, electricity generated from biomass is regarded as an 
environmentally friendly form of power generation. The Whitecourt facility is subject to limits governing the emissions of carbon 
monoxide, NOx and particulates in accordance with the facility's Environmental Approval. Average annual emission levels at the 
Whitecourt facility are below the levels of permitted emissions for it. The Whitecourt facility is also subject to certain federal and 
provincial greenhouse gas reporting requirements and is in compliance with these requirements.

Hydro Facilities

Capstone's hydro facilities do not produce greenhouse gases. However, their operations are governed by water management 
plans and/or water licenses, which specify the hydrological conditions during which production may occur. 

Wind Farms

Capstone's wind farms do not produce greenhouse gases, but are subject to regulations and/or approvals relating to the natural 
and built environment. 

Amherstburg Solar Park

The operation of Amherstburg does not generate greenhouse gases. 

Further information regarding Environmental, Safety and Health Regulations matters is contained in the Corporation's Annual 
Information Form (which is available under the Corporation's profile on www.sedar.com).

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Capstone's 2017 related party transactions and balances are primarily comprised of transactions with iCON Infrastructure LLP 
and subsidiaries ("iCON") and compensation to key management.

Transactions with iCON
Equity Transactions

Refer to page 4 of "Changes in the Business" in this MD&A for a series of equity transactions, including the repayment of the 
promissory note and contribution of the remaining interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities from an iCON III 
subsidiary.

Shared Service Arrangement

Fees earned from iCON Infrastructure Canada Inc. ("iCON Canada"), a subsidiary of iCON, under a shared service 
arrangement, are reported in the consolidated statements of income as an administrative expense recovery. During 2017, 
Capstone earned fees of $174 from iCON Canada.

Compensation of Key Management
Key management includes the Corporation's directors, Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) 
during the year. Compensation awarded to key management consisted of salaries, directors' fees, short-term employee benefits, 
long-term incentive plans, and termination benefits. Key management compensation is described in note 23 related party 
transactions in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Linking Management Compensation to Performance
Compensation plays an important role in achieving short- and long-term business objectives that ultimately drive the 
Corporation’s business success in alignment with long-term shareholder goals. The objectives of the Corporation’s compensation 
program are to:

• 

• 

Attract and retain highly qualified employees with a history of proven success;

Align the interests of employees with shareholders’ interests and with the execution of the Corporation’s business strategy;

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 17

• 

• 

Establish performance goals that, if met, are expected to improve long-term shareholder value; and

Tie compensation to those goals and provide meaningful rewards for achieving them.

Financial performance targets are set each year to provide management with an incentive to exceed annual budgeted financial 
results and are therefore aligned with shareholder interests.

The following table summarizes the link between the Corporation's executive and senior officer forms of compensation and 
performance:

Salary

Short-term incentive plan ("STIP")

Long-term incentive plan ("LTIP")

Description

Salary is a fixed component of
compensation that provides income
certainty by establishing a base level of
compensation for executives fulfilling
their roles and responsibilities.

The STIP provides the possibility of an
additional annual cash award based on
the achievement of corporate and
individual goals.

Purpose

To attract and retain qualified
executives.

To motivate, attract and retain qualified
executives.

Link to
performance

No direct link.

A significant portion of this award is
based on actual business performance
against Capstone's internal
performance measures, Adjusted
EBITDA and AFFO.

Capstone has a discretionary LTIP and
share appreciation rights ("SAR") plan tied
to long-term growth to motivate and retain
executives on a long-term basis. The
awards are paid in cash after meeting
certain vesting conditions.

To reward long-term performance and align
interests of executives with security
holders.

The discretionary LTIP is not directly linked
to performance. The SAR is directly linked
to the long-term increase in the Company's
value upon a sale transaction.

For a comprehensive understanding of Capstone's compensation program refer to the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" 
section of the Corporation's most recently filed AIF.

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS
The following table provides a summary of the previous eight quarters of Capstone’s financial performance.

Revenue (1), (2)
EBITDA (1), (2), (3)
Net income (loss) (4), (5), (6)

Preferred dividends

2017

2016

Q4

Q3

Q2

41,561

28,529

1,287

613

29,089

22,221

(2,125)

613

40,380

30,176

3,285

613

Q1

43,133

29,129

114,936

613

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

40,128

36,622

18,407

613

66,145

54,608

32,492

8,180

34,175

8,839

(9,488)

(18,170)

(4,507)

938

938

938

(1)  Comparative figures for revenue and EBITDA have been adjusted to remove amounts from discontinued operations.
(2)  Revenue for Q3 2016 includes proceeds awarded of $33,288 for retroactive adjustments from the OEFC for Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities. In 
addition, EBITDA for Q3 2016 includes $2,288 of interest income and $12,049 of associated operating expenses, which is a net $23,527 in EBTIDA.

(3)  EBITDA for Q1 and Q2 2016 includes $3,992 and $7,659, respectively, in expenses related to one-time costs associated with the iCON III acquisition. 
(4)  Net income (loss) attributable to the common shareholders of Capstone, which excludes non-controlling interests.
(5)  Results include continuing operations and discontinued operations for all periods.
(6)  Net income includes a gain on the sale of Värmevärden of $128,087 in Q1 2017 and a loss on the sale of Bristol Water of $2,803 in Q4 2016.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 18

FOURTH QUARTER 2017 HIGHLIGHTS

Revenue
Operating expenses

Administrative expenses

Project development costs

Equity accounted income

Interest income

Other gains and (losses), net

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
Interest expense

Depreciation of capital assets

Amortization of intangible assets

Earnings (loss) before income taxes

Income tax recovery (expense)

Current
Deferred

Total income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to:
Shareholders of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

Three months ended

Dec 31, 2017
41,561

Dec 31, 2016
40,128

(10,486)
(2,074)
(383)
825

1,182
(2,095)
(1)
28,529
(9,900)
(15,888)
(2,488)
253

1,263
570

1,833

2,086

—
2,086

1,287

799

2,086

(11,684)
(2,945)
(672)
747

51
11,007
(11)
36,621
(8,645)
(18,080)
(2,573)
7,323

(1,637)
14,236

12,599

19,922

1,673

21,595

18,407

3,188

21,595

In the fourth quarter of 2017, Capstone's EBITDA and net income were both lower than in 2016. Lower quarterly EBITDA from 
Capstone's continuing operations reflects:

• 

• 

An decrease in the fair value of the Whitecourt embedded derivative, which generally decreases as forecasted Alberta 
power pool prices rise; and

Lower expenses primarily due to lower staff costs; partially offset by

•  Higher power segment results, primarily due to the Settlers Landing wind facility that achieved COD in 2017; and

•  Higher interest income received from Chapais Électrique Limitée.

The remaining material change in net income was:

• 

Lower income tax recovery, primarily attributable to the recognition of a deferred tax asset on the cost base of 
Värmevärden's shares in 2016.

ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS
Significant Changes in Accounting Standards
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS and are consistent with policies for the year 
ended December 31, 2016. Refer to note 2 to the December 31, 2017 consolidated financial statements for a summary of 
significant accounting policies.

Future Accounting Changes
The International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) has announced new standards and amendments that will be effective for 
future reporting periods that have not yet been adopted by the Corporation. Capstone's assessment of the impact of the material 
standards and amendments are ongoing. Capstone continues to monitor changes to IFRS and has implemented applicable IASB 
changes to standards, new interpretations and annual improvements, none of which had an impact in 2017. The significant 
upcoming changes to IFRS are:

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 19

Title of the New IFRS (1)
• IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers [Effective: Jan 1, 2018]
• IFRS 9, Financial Instruments [Effective: Jan 1, 2018]
• IFRS 16, Leases [Effective: Jan 1, 2019]

(1)  Refer to note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 for further detail about the nature of these future accounting 

changes.

Accounting Estimates
The consolidated financial statements require the use of estimates and judgment in reporting assets, liabilities, revenues, 
expenses and contingencies.

On January 1, 2017, Capstone adjusted the remaining useful life of a few of the wind facilities to better reflect their estimated 
future economic benefit. The changes in estimated useful lives are accounted for prospectively.

The following accounting estimates included in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are based on significant 
estimates and judgments, which are summarized as follows:

Area of Significance

Critical Estimates and Judgments

Capital assets, projects under development and intangible assets:

•      Purchase price allocations

•      Depreciation on capital assets

•      Amortization on intangible assets

•      Asset retirement obligations

•     Initial fair value of net assets.

•     Estimated useful lives and residual value.

•     Estimated useful lives.

•     Expected settlement date, amount and discount rate.

•      Impairment assessments of capital assets, projects under

•     Future cash flows and discount rate.

development and intangibles assets

Deferred income taxes

•     Timing of reversal of temporary differences, tax rates and current and future taxable

income.

Financial instruments and fair value measurements

•     Forward Alberta power pool prices, volatility, credit spreads, cost and inflation escalators

Accounting for investments in non-wholly owned subsidiaries

and fuel supply volumes and electricity sales.

•     Determine how relevant activities are directed (either through voting rights or contracts);
•     Determine if Capstone has substantive or protective rights; and
•     Determine Capstone's ability to influence returns.

Management’s estimates and judgments were based on historical experience, trends and various other assumptions that are 
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Capstone's CEO and CFO are required by the various provincial securities regulators to certify annually that they have designed, 
or caused to be designed, Capstone's disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in the Canadian Securities Administrators' 
National Instrument 52-109 (“NI 52-109”), and that they have evaluated the effectiveness of the presence and function of these 
controls and procedures in the applicable period. Disclosure controls are those controls and other procedures that are designed 
to provide reasonable assurance that the relevant information that Capstone is required to disclose is recorded, processed and 
reported within the time frame specified by such securities regulators.

Capstone's management, under the supervision of and with the participation of the CEO and CFO, has designed internal 
controls over financial reporting, as defined in NI 52-109. The purpose of internal controls over financial reporting is to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of Capstone's financial reporting, in accordance with IFRS, focusing in particular 
on controls over information contained in the audited annual and unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. The 
internal controls are not expected to prevent and detect all misstatements due to error or fraud. Consistent with the prior year, 
Capstone uses the 2013 version of Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) internal control framework.

During 2017, Capstone updated its internal controls and testing for changes in its operations, including the acquisition of the 
remaining interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities.

The CEO and CFO have concluded that Capstone's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as at December 31, 2017 
to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that Capstone files or submits under Canadian securities legislation 
is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within applicable time periods.

As at December 31, 2017, Capstone's management had assessed the effectiveness of Capstone's internal control over financial 
reporting using the criteria set forth by COSO of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013). 
Based on this assessment, management has determined that Capstone's internal control over financial reporting was effective 
as at December 31, 2017.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 20

MANAGEMENT’S 
RESPONSIBILITY FOR 
FINANCIAL REPORTING

The consolidated financial statements and other financial information contained in this annual report have been prepared by 
management. It is management's responsibility to ensure that sound judgment, appropriate accounting policies and reasonable 
estimates have been used to prepare this information and that the consolidated financial statements are in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards.

Management is also responsible for designing, maintaining and testing a system of internal controls over the financial reporting 
processes. Internal controls have been designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial records are reliable, 
accurate and form a proper basis for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2017, 
management reviewed and tested the internal controls over financial reporting and concluded that they were effective to provide 
reasonable assurance over the consolidated financial statements.

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, consisting entirely of independent directors, is responsible for reviewing the 
consolidated financial statements with management and the external auditors and reporting to the Board of Directors. The Audit 
Committee is responsible for retaining the services of the independent auditor and for renewing the auditor's mandate, which is 
subject to Board of Directors' review and shareholders' approval. 

The independent auditor, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, is responsible for conducting an examination in accordance with 
Canadian generally accepted auditing standards to express an opinion on whether the consolidated financial statements have 
been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. The report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 
which outlines the scope of its examination and its opinion on the consolidated financial statements, appears on the following 
page.

David Eva 

Chief Executive Officer 

Toronto, Canada

March 6, 2018 

Andrew Kennedy

Chief Financial Officer

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 21

 
 
 
 
March 6, 2018 

Independent Auditor’s Report

To the Shareholders of  
Capstone Infrastructure Corporation 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Capstone Infrastructure Corporation and its 
subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2017 and 
December 31, 2016 and the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss), changes in 
shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes, which comprise a summary of 
significant accounting policies and other explanatory information. 

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as management 
determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s responsibility 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We 
conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require 
that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the 
consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the 
assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and 
fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. 
An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of 
accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our audit opinion. 

Opinion 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
Capstone Infrastructure Corporation and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and their 
financial performance and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards. 

Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
PwC Tower, 18 York Street, Suite 2600, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J 0B2 
T: +1 416 863 1133, F: +1 416 365 8215  

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As at

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable

Other assets

Current portion of derivative contract assets

Assets held for sale

Non-current assets
Derivative contract assets

Equity accounted investments

Capital assets

Projects under development

Intangible assets

Deferred income tax assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Accounts payable and other liabilities

Promissory note payable

Current portion of derivative contract liabilities

Current portion of long-term debt

Liabilities held for sale

Long-term liabilities
Derivative contract liabilities

Deferred income tax liabilities

Long-term debt

Liability for asset retirement obligation

Total liabilities
Equity attributable to shareholders' of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

Commitments and contingencies

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

Notes

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

4

4

5

6

7a

3b(ii)

7a

9

10

11

12

13a

14

17

7a

15

3b(ii)

7a

13a

15

16

18

22

64,083

22,438

24,408

4,778

1,130

—
116,837

20,234

—
896,377

730

167,732

—
1,201,910

20,257

—

—
86,208

—
106,465

2,144

89,243

732,334

10,161
940,347
206,314

55,249

62,246

27,733

23,064

3,145

—
13,445

129,633

17,139

22,464

787,271

22,267

153,493

14,750

1,147,017

25,383

96,702

758

62,169

248

185,260

1,427

72,673

703,822

7,165
970,347
115,253

61,417

1,201,910

1,147,017

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 23

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Balance, December 31, 2015 (1)
Other comprehensive income (loss) from January 1 - 
April 29, 2016 (6)
Net income (loss) from January 1 - April 29, 2016 
included in retained earnings reset (7)
Dividends declared to common shareholders of
Capstone

Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of 
Capstone (8)
Redemption of Capstone's 2016 convertible
debentures

Dividends declared to NCI from January 1 - April 29,
2016
Convertible debenture advances, net (9)
Elimination of deficit
Issuance of promissory note in exchange for common
shares

Balance, April 29, 2016
Other comprehensive income (loss) after April 29, 
2016 (5)
Net income (loss) after April 29, 2016 (6)
Sale of Bristol Water (10)
Conversion of promissory note (10)
Return of capital (10)
Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of 
Capstone (8)
Dividends declared to NCI after April 29, 2016
Convertible debenture advances, net (9)
Balance, December 31, 2016
Net income for the period
Conversion of promissory note (10)
Return of capital (10)
Business acquisition (11)
Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of 
Capstone (8)
Dividends declared to NCI
Convertible debenture advances (repayments), net (9)
Balance, December 31, 2017

Equity attributable to shareholders of Capstone

Notes

18

Share
Capital (2)
814,719

Other 
Equity 
Items (3)
9,284

Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)

(366,579)

AOCI (4)
51,151

NCI (5)
273,505

Total
Equity

782,080

—

—

617

—

—

—

—
(389,178)

(316,225)

109,933

—

—

—
194,531
(192,011)

—

—

—
112,453

—
86,332
(86,332)
21,837

—

—

—
134,290

—

—

—

—

(9,284)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

17a

17c

3a

18

18

3a

3a

3b(i)

17a

17a

17c

18

18

17a

17a

3c

17c

18

18

(29,743)

(10,004)

(32,192)

(71,939)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

21,408

(20,600)

6,501

(14,099)

—

(1,279)

9,284

—

—

389,178

—

—

—

(1,060)

3,077

—

617

(1,279)

—

(1,060)

3,077

—

—

—

— (316,225)

249,831

381,172

(21,408)

(1,789)

(19,208)

(42,405)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6,842

(8,284)
(1,442)
— (159,268)
(159,268)
194,531
—
—
— (192,011)

—

(2,253)

—
2,800

117,383

—

(45,636)

—

(2,523)

—

—
72,024

—

(2,014)
360

61,417

993

(2,253)

(2,014)
360

176,670

118,376

86,332
—
— (131,968)
21,837
—

—

(3,240)
(3,921)
55,249

(2,523)

(3,240)
(3,921)
261,563

(1)  The equity balance as at December 31, 2015 has been revised to reflect historical adjustments to non-controlling interests associated with Bristol Water, 

resulting in an increase to non-controlling interests of $11,960 and a corresponding decrease to opening retained earnings (deficit).

(2)  After April 29, 2016, share capital consists of Class A shares and preferred shares. Just prior to April 29, 2016, share capital was comprised of common shares, 

preferred shares and Class B exchangeable units (refer to note 3a). 

(3)  Other equity items include the equity portion of Capstone's 2016 convertible debentures, which was redeemed on April 29, 2016. 
(4)  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”).
(5)  Non-controlling interest (“NCI”).
(6)  Total other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $114,344.
(7)  Total net loss for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $15,541.
(8)  Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of Capstone include deferred income taxes of $71 (2016 - $31 prior to April 29, 2016 and $295 after April 29, 

2016).

(9)  Capital contributions, net of repayments are with One West Holdings Ltd. ("Concord"), the holder of the convertible debenture related to the Ganaraska and 

Grey Highlands ZEP ("GHG"), Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. The convertible debenture provides Concord the option to become a 50% partner in 
these projects.

(10)  Refer to note 3b for changes related to the sale of Bristol Water and Värmevärden.
(11)  Refer to note 3c for changes related to the acquisition of remaining interests of wind facilities.

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 24

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

Revenue

Operating expenses

Administrative expenses

Project development costs

Equity accounted income (loss)

Interest income

Other gains and (losses), net

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

Earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization

Interest expense

Depreciation of capital assets

Amortization of intangible assets

Earnings before income taxes

Income tax recovery (expense)

Current

Deferred

Total income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Other comprehensive income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

Total comprehensive income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

Total comprehensive income (loss) from continuing operations

Total comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

For the year ended

Notes

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

20

20

20

9a

7b

21

7b

10

12

13d

3b

18

154,163

(42,290)

(8,718)

(2,090)

935

1,600

6,437

18

110,055

(36,668)

(56,962)

(9,825)

6,600

(371)

(17,170)

(17,541)

(10,941)

129,317

118,376

117,383

993

118,376

172,940

(56,947)

(19,876)

(15,255)

958

2,622

23,410

397

108,249

(34,476)

(48,878)

(9,924)

14,971

(1,658)

5,517

3,859

18,830

(34,371)

(15,541)

(13,758)

(1,783)

(15,541)

For the year ended

Notes

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

3b(i)

3b

18

—

129,317

129,317

(10,941)

118,376

117,383

993

(114,344)

(34,371)

(148,715)

18,830

(129,885)

(76,702)

(53,183)

118,376

(129,885)

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 25

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the year ended

Notes

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

Operating activities:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Depreciation and amortization

Non-cash other gains and losses (net)

Amortization of deferred financing costs and non-cash financing costs

Equity accounted income

Foreign exchange loss (gain)

Change in non-cash working capital

Cash flows from continuing operations

Cash flows from discontinued operations

Total cash flows from operating activities

Investing activities:
Investment in projects under development

Investment in capital assets

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

Cash acquired from acquisition of equity accounted investment

Distributions from equity accounted investments

Cash disposed of from discontinued operations

Cash flows used in continuing operations

Cash flows used in discontinued operations

Total cash flows used in investing activities

Financing activities:
Return of capital to Irving

Repayment of long-term debt

Repayment of promissory note

Convertible debenture advances (repayments), net

Dividends paid to non-controlling interests

Dividends paid to common and preferred shareholders

Transaction costs on debt issuance

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

Redemption of debentures

Settlement of interest rate swaps

Cash flows from (used in) continuing operations

Cash flows from (used in) discontinued operations

Total cash flows from (used in) financing activities

Exchange difference on translation of discontinued operations
Increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash reclassified to held for sale

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Supplemental information:
Interest paid (Bristol Water in 2016 - $22,044)

Taxes paid (recovery) (Bristol Water recovery in 2016 - $1,052)

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

9a

3b

11b

10b

3c

9a

3b

3b

3b

18a

18a

3b

(10,941)
17,170

66,787
(773)
2,581
(935)
(18)
(2,118)
71,753

1,372

73,125

(18,236)

(16,025)
5,295

3,574

2,352

—

(23,040)

—

(23,040)

(131,968)
(121,132)
(10,370)
(3,921)
(3,240)
(2,452)

(1,080)

83,717

—

—

(190,446)
142,198

(48,248)

—
1,837

—
62,246

64,083

34,077

1,882

18,830
(5,517)
58,802

(15,268)
2,321
(958)
(397)
(7,490)
50,323

70,866

121,189

(120,992)
(15,536)

(10,994)

—
1,886

(38,374)
(184,010)
(26,225)
(210,235)

—

(93,262)

(53,836)
(4,930)
(3,074)
(9,887)

(6,916)

299,511

(43,176)

85

84,515
(1,217)
83,298
(6,264)
(12,012)
(134)
74,392

62,246

56,309

295

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 26

NOTES TO THE 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Note Description

Page

Note Description

Page

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Corporate Information

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Acquisitions, Disposals and Discontinued
Operations

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Trade and Other Receivables

Other Assets

Financial Instruments

Financial Risk Management

Equity Accounted Investments

Capital Assets

Projects Under Development

Intangible Assets

27

27

35

37

37

37

37

40

42

43

44

45

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

Income Taxes

Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities

Long-term Debt

Liability for Asset Retirement Obligation

Shareholders' Equity and Promissory Note
Payable

Non-Controlling Interests

Share-based Compensation

Expenses by Nature

Other Gains and Losses

Commitments and Contingencies

Related Party Transactions

Segmented Information

45

47

47

50

50

52

54

55

55

55

56

57

NOTE 1.  CORPORATE INFORMATION
Capstone is incorporated and domiciled in Canada and principally located at 155 Wellington Street West, Suite 2930, Toronto, 
Ontario, M5V 3H1. Capstone Infrastructure Corporation and its subsidiaries (together the “Corporation” or “Capstone”) mission is 
to provide investors with an attractive total return from responsibly managed long-term investments in power generation in North 
America. Capstone's strategy is to develop, acquire and manage a portfolio of high quality power assets. As at December 31, 
2017, Capstone owns and operates an approximate net installed capacity of 541 megawatts across 23 facilities in Canada, 
including wind, hydro, solar, biomass, and natural gas power plants. 

All amounts are in Canadian thousands of dollars or thousands of share amounts unless otherwise indicated.

NOTE 2.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The following significant accounting policies are used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements. 

Basis of Preparation
Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements of Capstone have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards ("IFRS").

The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on March 6, 2018.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale

As further discussed in note 3, on March 3, 2017, Capstone sold its interest in Värmevärden, resulting in the utilities - district 
heating segment being presented as a discontinued operation in the statements of income for the years ended December 31, 
2017 and 2016. As at December 31, 2016, Capstone accounted for its investment in Värmevärden as assets held for sale 
("AHFS") on the consolidated statement of financial position within the current assets and liabilities.

On December 15, 2016, Capstone sold its 50% interest in Bristol Water, resulting in the utilities - water segment being presented 
as a discontinued operation in the statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2016.

The cash flows of these segments are presented as cash provided (used) by discontinued operations for the years ended 
December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain 
financial instruments, which are measured at fair value as explained in the accounting policies set out below and on a going 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 27

concern basis of accounting (see note 8). Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in 
exchange for assets.

Consolidation
These consolidated financial statements are primarily made up of the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the 
Corporation's subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are all entities over which Capstone has control. Capstone controls an entity when it is 
exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power over the entity.

The following table lists the significant subsidiaries of the Corporation which are accounted for on a consolidated basis:

Name of entity
Capstone Power Corp. ("CPC")

Cardinal Power of Canada, L.P. (“Cardinal”)

Erie Shores Wind Farm Limited Partnership ("Erie Shores")

MPT Hydro LP ("Hydro")

Whitecourt Power Limited Partnership ("Whitecourt")

Helios Solar Star A-1 Partnership (“Amherstburg”)
Glace Bay Lingan Wind Power Ltd. ("Glace Bay")
Sky Generation L.P. ("SkyGen"), formerly Sky Generation Inc. (1)
SP Amherst Wind Power LP ("Amherst")

Parc Éolien Saint-Philémon S.E.C. ("Saint-Philémon")

Chi-Wiikwedong LP ("Goulais")

Chi-Wiikwedong Holdings LP

Capstone Power Development (B.C.) Corp.

Grey Highlands Clean Energy Development LP ("Grey Highlands Clean")

Ganaraska and Grey Highlands ZEP Wind Development LP ("GHG")

Snowy Ridge Wind Development LP ("SR")

Settlers Landing Wind Development LP ("SL")

Glen Dhu Wind Energy LP ("Glen Dhu")

Fitzpatrick Mountain Wind Energy Inc. ("Fitzpatrick")

Principal place
of business
and country of
incorporation

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada
Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Ownership at December
31,

2017
100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%
100%

100%

51%

51%

51%

100%

100%

100%
100% (2)
100% (2)
100% (2)
100% (3)
100% (3)

2016
100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%
100%

100%

51%

51%

51%

100%

100%

100%

75%

75%

75%

49%

50%

Principal activity
Power
holding company
Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation
Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power 
holding company

Development

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

(1)  The SkyGen entity holds the Ferndale, Ravenswood, Proof Line and Skyway 8 operating wind facilities.
(2)  As at December 31, 2016, Ganaraska, Grey Highlands ZEP, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects were 25% held by the original developer. Capstone 
acquired the original developer's ownership interest of GHG, SR and SL during 2017. Refer to the Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for details.

(3)  On December 31, 2017, Capstone acquired the remaining 51% interest in Glen Dhu and the remaining 50% interest in Fitzpatrick, increasing Capstone’s 

interests in both wind facilities to 100%. Results for the periods up to the acquisition are included in equity accounted income in the statement of income. Refer 
to note 3c.

The Corporation accounts for its controlled investments using the consolidation method of accounting from the date control is 
obtained and deconsolidates from the date that control ceases. All intercompany balances and transactions have been 
eliminated on consolidation. 

Non-controlling interests represent equity interests in subsidiaries owned by outside parties. The share of net assets of 
subsidiaries attributable to non-controlling interests is presented as a component of equity. Their share of net income and 
comprehensive income is recognized directly in equity. Changes in the Corporation's interest in subsidiaries that do not result in 
a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.

Equity Accounted Investments
Companies in which the Corporation has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, or has the ability to exercise 
joint control over financial and operating policy decisions are accounted for using the equity method. Significant influence is 
presumed to exist when the Corporation holds between 20% and 50% of the voting power of another entity. Capstone's 
investments in Värmevärden AB ("Värmevärden") and the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities were accounted for on an 
equity accounting basis in 2016 and for portions of 2017, prior to the respective sale transaction of Värmevärden and 
consolidation of the wind facilities.

Business Combinations
The acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration for each acquisition is 
measured at the aggregate of the fair values, at the date of exchange, of assets transferred, liabilities incurred or assumed, and 
equity instruments issued by the Corporation in exchange for control of the acquired business. The acquired identifiable assets, 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 28

liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet the conditions for recognition under IFRS 3R, Business Combinations (“IFRS 3R”) 
are recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date.

The Corporation recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of 
the recognized amounts of acquiree's identifiable net assets. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

Foreign Currency Translation
Functional and presentation currency

Amounts included in the financial statements of each entity that is a foreign operation are measured using the currency of the 
primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”). The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in Canadian dollars (“presentation currency”), which is Capstone's functional currency. The exchange rates used in 
the translation to the presentation currency are:

As at and for the year ended
December 31, 2016 (1)
December 31, 2017 (2)

Swedish Krona (SEK)

UK Pound Sterling (£)

Average
0.1550

0.1528

Spot
0.1478

0.1530

Average
1.8014

N/A

Spot
1.6597

N/A

(1)  Bristol Water's spot rate and average rate were as at and for the period ended December 15, 2016, the date of sale.
(2)  Refer to note 3 for details on the sale of Värmevärden. Capstone continues to have minimal SEK-denominated balances following the sale, which are expected 

to cease in 2018.

The financial statements of entities that have a functional currency different from that of the Corporation are translated into 
Canadian dollars as follows: assets and liabilities – at closing rate at the date of the statement of financial position, and income 
and expenses – at the average rate of the period (as this is considered a reasonable approximation of the actual rates prevailing 
at the transaction dates). All resulting changes are recognized in other comprehensive income as cumulative translation 
adjustments. 

On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative translation adjustments recognized in other comprehensive income is 
reclassified to the statement of income when the gain or loss on disposal is recognized.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the 
translation at exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than an entity's functional 
currency are recognized in the consolidated statement of income in “foreign exchange gain (loss)”.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are composed of highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the date of 
acquisition and are recorded at fair value.

Capitalized Interest 
The Corporation capitalizes interest and borrowing costs when activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended 
use are in progress and expenditures for the asset have been used or borrowed to fund the construction or development. 
Capitalization of interest and borrowing costs ceases when the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalized interest is included 
in the statement of financial position as part of capital assets and projects under development.

Grants and Contributions 
Grants are recognized at their fair value when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attaching 
conditions will be complied with. Grants and contributions related to charges to net income are netted against such expenditures 
as received.

Capital Assets
Capital assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditures 
that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or 
recognized as a separate asset only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the 
Corporation and the cost can be measured reliably. The carrying value of an asset is derecognized when replaced. 

Major maintenance costs are capitalized in the carrying value of the assets as incurred, and depreciated over their useful lives. 
Other repairs and maintenance costs are charged to the consolidated statement of income during the period incurred.

Gains or losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds of sale with the carrying amount and are recognized 
within the consolidated statement of income.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 29

The Corporation allocates the amount initially recognized in respect of an item of capital assets to its significant parts and 
depreciates separately each such part. Residual values, method of amortization and useful lives of the assets are reviewed 
annually and adjusted if appropriate. The major categories of capital assets are depreciated using the straight-line method as 
follows:

Equipment and vehicles:

   Computer hardware

   Communications, meters and telemetry equipment

   Vehicles

Property and plant:

   Operational structures

   Operational properties

Power

3 to 5 years

15 to 30 years

5 years

15 to 30 years

40 years

Leased Assets
Assets financed by leasing agreements that transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset to the lessee 
are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives and the lease term. The corresponding liability is 
recorded as borrowings. The capital element of the lease rental is deducted from the obligation to the lessor as paid. The interest 
element of lease rentals and the depreciation of the relevant assets are charged to the consolidated statement of income.

Operating lease rental payments are charged to the consolidated statement of income on a straight-line basis as incurred over 
the term of the lease.

Projects Under Development ("PUD")
Capitalized costs related to an asset under development include all eligible expenditures incurred in connection with the 
development and construction of the power generating asset until it is available for its intended use. The Corporation capitalizes 
all direct project costs related to the development of the Corporation's electricity generation projects. Capitalization commences 
when the project is:

•  Clearly identified; 

• 

The technical feasibility has been established;

•  Management has indicated its intention to construct, operate and maintain the project; 

• 

• 

An offtake market is identified or a power purchase agreement ("PPA") awarded; and 

Adequate resources exist or are expected to be available to complete the project.

Upon a project becoming commercially operational, the capitalized costs, including capitalized borrowing costs, if any, are 
transferred to capital assets and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various components.

The recovery of project development costs is dependent upon continued access to the development sites, regulatory approval, 
sufficient project financing, and the successful commercialization of project sites for the profitable sale of electricity.

Intangible Assets
Identifiable intangible assets

The Corporation separately identifies acquired intangible assets, including computer software, electricity supply contracts, gas 
purchase contracts, water rights and licenses, and records each at their fair value at the date of acquisition. The initial fair value 
is amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method as follows:

Computer software
Electricity supply, gas purchase and other contracts(1)
Water rights

(1)  Generally amortized over the contract term.

Power

3 to 7 years

15 to 25 years

10 to 35 years

The expected useful lives of intangible assets are reviewed on an annual basis and adjusted prospectively.

Impairment of Non-financial Assets
The capital assets, projects under development and intangible assets with finite lives are tested for impairment when events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. For the purpose of measuring recoverable 
amounts, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows. The recoverable 
amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell the assets and the value in use (being the present value of the 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 30

expected future cash flows of the relevant assets or Cash Generating Unit ("CGU")). An impairment loss is recognized for the 
amount by which the asset's carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount. The Corporation evaluates impairment losses, for 
potential reversals when events or circumstances warrant such consideration.

Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is 
more likely than not that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and the amount can be reliably 
estimated. Provisions are measured using management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the 
end of the reporting period, and are discounted to present value where the effect is material. The Corporation performs 
evaluations to identify onerous contracts and, where applicable, records provisions for such contracts.

Retirement Benefit Plans
The Corporation operates defined contribution pension plans through its subsidiaries. Costs of defined contribution pension 
plans are charged to the consolidated statement of income in the period in which they fall due.

Asset Retirement Obligations
The Corporation recognizes a provision for the future retirement obligations associated with its operating plants. These 
obligations are initially measured at the present value, which is the discounted future cost of the liability. A reassessment of the 
expected costs associated with these liabilities is performed annually with changes in the estimates of timing or amount of cash 
flows added or deducted from the cost of the related asset. The liability grows until the date of expected settlement of the 
retirement obligations.

Assets Held for Sale
Assets and liabilities that meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale are reclassified to current assets and liabilities on the 
statement of financial position. They are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell, and 
depreciation on such assets is no longer recorded. The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the 
statements of income and cash flows for the current and comparative periods.

Share Capital
Common and Class A shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of shares are 
recognized as a reduction in equity.

Preferred Shares
The Corporation classifies its series A preferred shares as equity for reporting purposes given that the preferred shares may be 
converted into a fixed number of the Corporation's own equity instruments and there is no settlement required at a future date. 
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of shares are recognized as a reduction in equity.

Dividends
Dividends on common shares, up until the iCON III acquisition, and series A preferred shares are recognized in the Corporation's 
consolidated financial statements in the period in which the dividends are declared by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Revenue and Expense Recognition
Revenue derived from the sale of electricity and steam is recognized upon delivery to the customer and priced in accordance 
with the provisions of the applicable electricity and steam sales agreements. In addition, capacity and availability payments to 
Cardinal are recognized in accordance with the non-utility generator contract. Certain power purchase arrangements provide for 
an electricity rate adjustment, which is updated periodically both for the current and prior periods. Capstone accounts for such 
adjustments when a reliable estimate of the adjustment can be determined. Revenue derived from Whitecourt electricity sales to 
the Alberta power pool are recorded at the hourly average weighted power pool rate.

Capstone follows Accounting for Government Grants and disclosure of Government Assistance (IAS 20) with respect to certain 
power contracts with provincial jurisdictions.

Capstone recognizes management fees and development-related incentive fees received from its equity accounted investments 
in revenue as earned based on the terms of its respective agreements.

Interest income is earned with the passage of time and is recorded on an accrual basis.

Costs related to the purchases of fuel are recorded upon delivery. All other costs are recorded as incurred.

Project development costs are recorded as incurred. These costs include the activities to pursue and develop greenfield projects 
in the power segment and acquisition-related business development expenses incurred at corporate.

Interest expense is incurred with the passage of time and is recorded on an accrual basis.

Long-term Incentive Plans
The Corporation accounts for grants under share-based long-term incentive plans ("LTIP") and share appreciation rights ("SAR") 
plans in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-Based Payments. 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 31

Income Taxes
Current and deferred income taxes are recognized in the consolidated statement of income except to the extent that they relate 
to items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income, in which case the income tax is also recognized directly 
in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current income tax is the amount recoverable or expensed based on the current year's taxable income using tax rates enacted, 
or substantively enacted, at the reporting period, and any adjustments to income tax payable or recoveries in respect of previous 
years.

The Corporation follows the liability method of accounting for deferred income tax whereby deferred income tax is recognized in 
respect of temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying values in the 
consolidated financial statements. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using income tax rates that are both 
expected to apply when the deferred income tax asset or liability will be settled and that have been enacted or substantively 
enacted as at the date of the consolidated statement of financial position. Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the 
extent that it is probable that the asset can be recovered. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are presented as non-
current.

Comprehensive Income
Other comprehensive income (“OCI”) represents changes in shareholders' equity during a period arising from transactions and 
other events, including the equity share of OCI of equity accounted investments, unrealized gains and losses on translation of 
net assets of foreign operations, and actuarial gains recognized in respect of retirement benefit obligations, as applicable. 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) is included as a component in the consolidated statement of shareholders' 
equity.

Financial Instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized on the consolidated statement of financial position when the Corporation 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. Financial instruments are required to be measured at 
fair value on initial recognition plus transaction costs in the case of financial instruments measured at amortized cost. 
Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial instruments classified as held-for-trading are 
expensed as incurred. Measurement in subsequent periods depends on the classification of the financial instrument. 

The Corporation has designated each of its significant categories of financial instruments outstanding as follows:

Classification
Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit
and loss

Significant Categories
•   Cash and cash equivalents
•   Restricted cash
•   Derivative contract assets
•   Derivative contract liabilities

Measurement
•   At fair value with changes in fair value

recognized in the consolidated
statement of income

Loans and receivables

•   Accounts receivable

•   At amortized cost using the effective

Other liabilities

•   Accounts payable and other liabilities
•   Loans payable 
•   Finance lease obligations
•   Long-term debt

interest method

•   At amortized cost using the effective

interest method

The Corporation determines the fair value of its financial instruments based on the following hierarchy:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 – Inputs that are not based on observable market data.

Derivative Financial Instruments
The Corporation's derivatives are carried at fair value and are reported as assets when they have a positive fair value and as 
liabilities when they have a negative fair value. In 2017, the Corporation's derivatives include interest rate swaps and an 
embedded derivative in Whitecourt's fuel supply agreement.

Changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments are reported in the consolidated statement of income.

Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments or contracts are separated from their host contracts and accounted for at fair 
value when their economic characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contract.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 32

Impairment of Financial Assets
At each reporting date, the Corporation assesses whether there is objective evidence that financial assets carried at amortized 
cost are impaired. If such evidence exists, the Corporation recognizes an impairment loss in the consolidated statement of 
income. The loss is measured as the difference between the carrying value of the financial asset and the present value of the 
estimated future cash flows, discounted by using the instrument's original effective interest rate. Impairment losses on financial 
assets carried at amortized cost are reversed in subsequent periods if the amount of the loss decreases and the decrease can 
be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized.

Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker. The chief operating decision-maker is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating 
segments.

Discontinued Operations 
Entities or components of entities that have been disposed of or classified as held for sale and represent separate CGUs are 
presented separately as discontinued operations. The results of discontinued operations for both the current and comparative 
periods are included in a separate line item in the statement of comprehensive income which includes post-tax profit or loss of 
the entities and the post-tax gain or loss recognized on the disposal or re-measurement of the entities.

Earnings Before Interest Expense, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”)
EBITDA is an additional GAAP financial measure defined as earnings (loss) before financing costs, income tax expense, 
depreciation and amortization. EBITDA includes earnings (loss) related to the non-controlling interest (“NCI”), impairment 
charges, and interest income. EBITDA represents Capstone’s capacity to generate income from operations before taking into 
account management’s financing decisions and costs of consuming tangible capital assets and intangible assets, which vary 
according to their age, technology, and management’s estimate of their useful life. EBITDA is presented on the consolidated 
statement of income.

Changes to Accounting Policies
Capstone's accounting policies are consistent with those disclosed in the notes to the December 31, 2016 consolidated financial 
statements.

On January 1, 2017, Capstone adjusted the remaining useful life of a few of the wind facilities to better reflect their estimated 
future economic benefit. The changes in estimated useful lives are accounted for prospectively and resulted in an additional 
depreciation expense of $6,100 in the statement of comprehensive income in 2017 and a similar result is expected each year 
going forward.

Future Accounting Changes
The International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) has announced new standards and amendments that will be effective for 
future reporting periods that have not yet been adopted by the Corporation. Capstone's assessment of the impact of the material 
standards and amendments are ongoing. Capstone continues to monitor changes to IFRS and has implemented applicable IASB 
changes to standards, new interpretations and annual improvements, none of which had an impact in 2017. The significant 
upcoming changes to IFRS are:

Title of the New IFRS Nature of the Impending Change to Capstone

Status of Adoption

IFRS 15, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers

Effective: Jan 1, 2018

Replaces IAS 11, Construction contracts and IAS 18, Revenue. IFRS 15 
recognizes revenue by applying the following steps:
Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Step 3: Determine the transaction price
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the 
contract
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance 
obligation
In addition, IFRS 15 requires enhanced disclosure that will detail the nature, 
amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the 
entity’s contracts with customers.

Capstone has reviewed its revenue streams and
underlying contracts with customers to determine
the impact that the adoption of IFRS 15 will have
on its financial statements. Capstone will adopt
IFRS 15 using a modified retrospective approach
and does not anticipate that there will be any
significant recognition or measurement impact
subsequent to adoption. Capstone continues to
evaluate the impact that the adoption will have on
disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 33

Title of the New IFRS Nature of the Impending Change to Capstone

Status of Adoption

IFRS 9, Financial 
Instruments

Effective: Jan 1, 2018

Replaces most of the guidance in IAS 39. IFRS 9 retains the mixed 
measurement model and establishes three primary measurement categories for 
financial assets including amortized cost, fair value through OCI and fair value 
through profit or loss. In addition, there is now a new expected credit losses 
model that replaces the previous incurred loss impairment model.

For equity instruments, IFRS 9 will require measurement at fair value through 
profit or loss with the irrevocable option at inception to present changes in fair 
value in OCI. 

For financial liabilities, changes will require the recognition of changes in own 
credit risk in OCI, for liabilities designated at fair value, through profit or loss.

In addition, hedging requirements will be relaxed by replacing the bright line 
effectiveness test. IFRS 9 requires companies to set an economic relationship 
between the hedged item and hedging instrument (the hedged ratio), which must 
be the same as the one management uses for risk management purposes. 
Contemporaneous documentation is still required similar to IAS 39.

Capstone has reviewed its financial instruments to
determine the impact that the adoption of IFRS 9
will have on its financial statements. Capstone
does not anticipate that there will be any changes
to the classification or the carrying values of the
Company’s financial instruments as a result of the
adoption. Capstone does not currently apply hedge
accounting to its risk management contracts and
does not intend to apply hedge accounting to any
of its existing risk management contracts on
adoption of IFRS 9. Capstone continues to
evaluate the impact that the adoption will have on
disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 16, Leases 

IFRS 16 specifies how to recognize, measure, present and disclose leases. 

Effective: Jan 1, 2019

The standard provides a single lessee accounting model, requiring lessees to 
recognize assets and liabilities for all leases unless the lease term is 12 months 
or less or the underlying asset has a low value. In addition, revised guidance on 
identifying a lease and for separating lease and non-lease components of a 
contract is provided. 

Lessors will continue to classify leases as operating or finance, with IFRS 16’s 
approach to lessor accounting substantially unchanged from its predecessor, IAS 
17.

Capstone has reviewed its contracts for leases to
determine the impact that the adoption of IFRS 16
will have on its financial statements. Capstone will
adopt IFRS 16 prospectively using the cumulative
catch-up approach and expects there will be an
equal lease asset and liability recognized on
transition. Capstone continues to evaluate the
measurement and disclosure impacts the adoption
will have in the consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments
The Corporation makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future that will, by definition, seldom equal actual results. The 
following are the estimates and judgments applied by management that most significantly affect the Corporation's financial 
statements. These estimates and judgments have a risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of financial 
assets and financial liabilities within the next financial year.

Area of Significance

Critical Estimate

Capital assets, projects under development 
and intangible assets – carrying values

•   Estimates are based on assumptions that are sensitive to change, 
which may have a significant impact on the valuations performed.

Fair value estimates are required in the 
determination of the net assets acquired in a 
business combination and in the impairment 
assessment for our capital assets and the 
assignment of amounts to the asset retirement 
obligations, as well as assessing capitalization 
criteria for project development costs.

•   Impairment reviews of the carrying value of capital and other long-
lived assets along with the asset retirement obligations require 
management to estimate fair value based on future cash flows, 
discount rates and business performance.

Critical Judgment

•   Initial fair value of net assets

•   Estimated useful lives and residual 

value

•   Expected settlement date, amount 

and discount rate

•   Future cash flows and discount 

rate

Deferred income taxes

•   The determination of the deferred income tax balances of the

•   Timing of reversal of temporary 

Estimates in the determination of deferred 
income taxes affect asset and liability balances.

Corporation requires management to make estimates of the reversal
of existing temporary differences between the accounting and tax
bases of assets and liabilities in future periods.

differences

•   Tax rates

•   Current and future taxable income

Financial instrument fair value measurements

When observable prices are not available, fair 
values are determined by using valuation 
techniques that refer to observable market data. 
This is specifically related to Capstone's financial 
instruments.

Accounting for investments in non-wholly 
owned subsidiaries

When Capstone owns a partial interest in an 
entity, significant judgment is required to 
determine the proper accounting treatment. 
Capstone consolidates upon evaluating its ability 
to control a subsidiary.

•   Management's valuation techniques include comparisons with similar 
instruments where market observable prices exist, discounted cash 
flow analysis, option pricing models and other valuation techniques 
commonly used by market participants. 

•   Forward Alberta power pool prices,
volatility, credit spreads, cost and
inflation escalators and fuel supply
volumes and electricity sales

•   For embedded derivatives, fair values are determined from valuation 

techniques using non-observable market data or transaction 
processes. 

A number of factors such as bid-offer spread, credit profile and model 
uncertainty are taken into account, as appropriate.

•   No critical estimates are involved in determining control.

•   Determine how relevant activities 
are directed (either through voting 
rights or contracts)

•   Determine if Capstone has 

substantive or protective rights

•   Determine Capstone's ability to 

influence returns

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 34

NOTE 3.  ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSALS AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 
(A)  Acquisition of Capstone by iCON III
On April 29, 2016, Capstone completed the arrangement under which Irving Infrastructure Corp. ("Irving"), a subsidiary of iCON 
Infrastructure Partners III, LP ("iCON III"), a fund managed by London, UK-based iCON Infrastructure LLP ("iCON"), acquired all 
the issued and outstanding common shares of Capstone and all the Class B exchangeable units of Capstone's subsidiary MPT 
LTC Holding LP ("Class B units") for $4.90 cash per share or unit, as applicable ("iCON III acquisition"). As part of the 
transaction, Capstone issued Class A common shares and a demand interest-free promissory note to Irving which consisted of 
three multi-currency tranches: £106,000, 712,700 SEK, and $10,370. In addition, Capstone Power Corp. ("CPC") entered into a 
credit agreement for $125,000. Upon completion, the common shares, Class B units, and 2016 and 2017 convertible debentures 
were delisted from the Toronto Stock Exchange and ceased trading. Capstone also settled all outstanding share-based 
compensation.

(B)  Discontinued Operations
Capstone's consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 include results 
for the discontinued operations of Bristol Water and Värmevärden as follows:

For the year ended

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax:
Bristol Water (1)
Värmevärden

Notes

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

3b(i)

3b(ii)

—
129,317

129,317

(34,723)
352

(34,371)

(1) 

Includes an impairment charge of $58,000 recognized against the carrying value of Bristol Water’s goodwill in 2016.

For the year ended

Operating cash flows provided by discontinued operations:

Bristol Water

Värmevärden

Investing cash flows used by discontinued operations:
Bristol Water

Värmevärden

Financing cash flows provided by discontinued operations:
Bristol Water
Värmevärden (1)

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

—

1,372

1,372

—

—

—

—
142,198

142,198

70,019

847

70,866

(49,657)
23,432

(26,225)

(1,217)
—
(1,217)

(1)  Financing cash flows provided by discontinued operations include net proceeds on sale of $142,198. 

(i) 

Sale of Bristol Water to iCON III

On December 15, 2016, Capstone sold its 50% ownership interest in Bristol Water to iCON III Bristol Limited, a subsidiary of 
Capstone's ultimate parent, iCON III. As part of the sale, Irving converted its £106,000 tranche of the promissory note into 
123,905 Class A shares of the Corporation, which reduced the promissory note payable to Irving by $194,531. In return, 
Capstone received a promissory note receivable of £115,690 or $192,011 from iCON III Bristol Limited and then distributed the 
promissory note receivable to Irving as a $192,011 return of capital. This resulted in a $2,520 increase in Capstone's Class A 
shares and a loss of $2,803 in the year ended December 31, 2016. Bristol Water had $25,674 working capital, $1,039,094 non-
current assets and $713,148 long-term liabilities on December 15, 2016.

The results of Bristol Water, the utilities - water segment, are presented as a discontinued operation in the prior period. 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 35

Financial information relating to the discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 is set out below.

Net income and comprehensive loss from discontinued operations

Net income and comprehensive loss from Bristol Water's discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 were:

For the year ended
Revenue

Operating expenses
Other expenses (1)
Earnings before income taxes
Total income tax recovery (expense)

Net income from discontinued operations, net of tax
Other comprehensive loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Total comprehensive loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Dec 31, 2016
191,315
(111,664)
(116,126)
(36,475)
1,752

(34,723)
(114,344)
(149,067)

(1) 

Includes an impairment charge of $58,000 recognized against the carrying value of Bristol Water’s goodwill in 2016.

Sale of Värmevärden 

(ii) 
On March 3, 2017, Capstone and its co-shareholder Macquarie European Infrastructure Fund 2 (“MEIF 2”) sold 100% of 
Värmevärden. Capstone received proceeds of $142,198, net of transaction costs, for its 33.3% indirect interest in Värmevärden 
and the related outstanding loans receivable.

On March 31, 2017, Irving converted its 552,700 SEK tranche of the promissory note into 76,876 Class A shares of the 
Corporation, with a carrying value of $86,332, and the $10,370 Canadian denominated tranche of the promissory note was 
repaid. As a result, no promissory note payable to Irving remains. Capstone then distributed $131,968 to Irving as a return of 
capital, which included a $45,636 reduction to retained earnings and $86,332 to the Class A shares. The impact of these 
transactions did not change the carrying value of the Class A shares.

As at March 3, 2017
Net proceeds on sale (1)
Carrying value of assets held for sale (2)
Gain on sale of Värmevärden

$
142,198

(14,111)
128,087

(1)  Proceeds are net of transaction costs of $2,378.
(2)  Värmevärden had $3,025 working capital and $11,086 loans receivable on March 3, 2017.

The results of the utilities - district heating segment, including the gain on sale, are presented as a discontinued operation.

Financial information relating to the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is set out below.

Net income from discontinued operations

The net income from Värmevärden's discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was:

For the year ended
Administrative expenses
Gain on sale (1)
Other income (loss)

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

(1)  Gain on sale is net of foreign exchange impact of $119.

Dec 31, 2017
(238)
128,087

1,468

129,317

Dec 31, 2016
(587)
—
939

352

(C)  Business Acquisition - Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick Wind Facilities
In December 2017, through a series of transactions, Capstone acquired the remaining (approximately 50%) ownership interests 
in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities for $21,837, bringing Capstone's ownership interest to 100%. The acquisition of the 
remaining interest was initially completed by a subsidiary of iCON Infrastructure Partners III, LP ("iCON III"), who then 
contributed the acquired assets to Capstone on December 31, 2017 in return for an additional capital contribution, recorded as 
an increase in shareholders' equity. 

As at December 31, 2017, the balances in Capstone's consolidated statement of financial position include amounts from Glen 
Dhu and Fitzpatrick; prior to this transaction these investments were equity accounted. Refer to note 9b.

The transaction was accounted for as a step acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting. Under this method, total 
assets and liabilities are initially recognized at their fair values on the date of acquisition and the equity accounted investment is 
derecognized. Transaction costs on acquisition of $225 were expensed in the consolidated statement of income as part of 
project development costs.

The allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and may be revised up to 12 months after the acquisition date.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 36

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at December 31, 2017
Working capital (1)
Other assets

Capital assets

Intangible assets – electricity supply and other contracts

Less: net financial liabilities (net of $3,574 cash acquired)

Other liabilities

Deferred income tax liability

Total identifiable net assets acquired

Consideration in the form of equity contribution
Previously held equity accounted investments (2)

Notes

Fair value
3,448

10

12

17

9

1,763

118,235

21,496

(85,311)
(1,687)
(15,060)
42,884

21,837

21,047

42,884

(1)  Working capital includes $2,948 of accounts receivable, no allowance for doubtful debts are recorded.
(2)  As at the date of acquisition, the book value of the equity accounted investment approximated the fair value of Capstone's interest in the acquiree. No gain or loss 

was recognized on the transaction.

NOTE 4.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH

Debt service and maintenance reserves

Construction escrow

Cash on deposit

Restricted cash

Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents

Dec 31, 2017
12,452

Dec 31, 2016
14,973

9,911

75
22,438

64,083

86,521

12,685

75
27,733

62,246

89,979

Restricted cash is primarily cash that is held by the Corporation's subsidiaries in support of segregated bank accounts to support 
debt service reserves, operating and maintenance reserves in support of specific long-term debt and/or proceeds from 
construction facilities used for specific project costs. Capstone has also provided letters of credit to back other reserve 
requirements (refer to note 15).

NOTE 5.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Power
Corporate 

Dec 31, 2017
24,360

Dec 31, 2016
22,689

48
24,408

375

23,064

For both periods presented, Capstone's power segment and corporate trade and other receivables did not require a provision for 
impairment. Substantially all of the accounts receivable are with government authorities and none are past due. Refer to note 8b 
and 8c for further detail of credit risk and economic dependence.

NOTE 6.  OTHER ASSETS

Prepaid expenses
Inventory of spare parts and consumable supplies, net (1)

Dec 31, 2017
2,697

Dec 31, 2016
1,377

2,081

4,778

1,768

3,145

(1)  No inventory obsolescence provision is required as at December 31, 2017. 

The cost of inventories recognized in operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $480 (2016 - $361).

NOTE 7.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
(A) 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
In 2017, financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and 
other liabilities, long-term debt and derivative contract assets and liabilities. In addition, the Corporation has included the 
embedded derivative on its Whitecourt fuel supply agreement in the derivative contract assets and liabilities.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 37

Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss

The Corporation invests its cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash balances in financial instruments of highly rated 
financial institutions and government securities with original maturities of 90 days or less. As at December 31, 2017, the carrying 
values of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are considered to approximate their fair values due to their short-term 
nature, which is consistent with the prior year.

Interest rate swaps

The Corporation has interest rate swap contracts to effectively fix the interest cost on its long-term debt with variable rates, 
specifically for Cardinal, GHG, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing. Under these swap agreements, these 
projects receive Canadian Dollar Offered Rate ("CDOR") in exchange for fixed rate (refer to note 8a).

Whitecourt embedded derivative

On March 2, 2015, Whitecourt entered into a fuel supply agreement with Millar Western for 15 years, which is extendable to 20 
years. The agreement, which was effective on January 1, 2015, includes power price support and revenue sharing mechanisms 
that reduce Whitecourt's exposure to merchant price risk in Alberta.

The price support and revenue sharing mechanisms are embedded derivatives that are measured at fair value and result in an 
asset during periods when the projected merchant power price is forecast to be lower than the price support and a liability during 
periods when the merchant power price is forecast to be higher.

On March 2, 2015, Capstone recognized an asset of $5,297 based on the fair value of the Whitecourt fuel supply agreement, 
which was equal to and offset the fair value of the embedded derivative included in Whitecourt's fuel supply agreement at 
inception. Capstone amortizes the inception value to income over 15 years, representing the life of the fuel supply agreement.

The Corporation has determined the fair values of derivative financial instruments as follows:

Interest rate swaps

•     The interest rate swap contract's fair value fluctuates with changes in market interest rates.

•     A discounted cash flow valuation based on a forward interest rate curve was used to determine their fair value.

Whitecourt embedded
derivative

•     The determination of the fair value of the embedded derivative requires the use of option pricing models involving significant

judgment based on management's estimates and assumptions, including estimates on the forward Alberta power pool prices,
volatility, credit spreads, cost and inflation escalators and fuel supply volumes and electricity sales.

Due to the lack of observable market quotes on the Whitecourt embedded derivatives, the contract has been classified as level 3 
financial instruments.

Capstone, with the assistance of third-party experts, is responsible for performing the valuation of financial instruments, including 
level 3 fair values. The valuation processes and results are reviewed and approved each reporting period. These critical 
estimates are discussed as part of the Audit Committee's quarterly review of the financial statements.

Loans and receivables

The Corporation's accounts receivable, which consist of trade receivables, are recorded initially at fair value.

Other liabilities

The Corporation's accounts payable and accrued liabilities are short-term liabilities with carrying values that approximate their 
fair values as at December 31, 2017. 

The Corporation's long-term debt is recorded at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. The fair value of the 
Corporation's long-term debt is determined using level 2 inputs as follows:

• 

Floating rate debt approximates its carrying value.

Use level 2 inputs:

• 

Fixed-rate debt is determined through the use of a discounted cash flow analysis using relevant risk-free bond rates plus an 
estimated margin.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 38

The following table illustrates the classification of the Corporation's financial instruments, that have been recorded at fair value:

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Recurring measurements:
Derivative contract assets:
   Whitecourt embedded derivative (1)
   Interest rate swap contracts

   Less: current portion

Promissory note payable (2)

Derivative contract liabilities:

   Interest rate swap contracts

   Less: current portion

Level 1 
Quoted prices in active 
markets for identical 
assets
64,083

22,438

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Level 2
Significant other 
observable inputs

—

—

—

7,958

(1,130)
6,828

—

2,144

—

2,144

Level 3
Significant 
unobservable 
inputs
—

—

13,406

—

—

13,406

—

—

—

—

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

64,083

22,438

13,406

7,958
(1,130)
20,234

62,246

27,733

13,674

3,465

—
17,139

—

96,702

2,144

—
2,144

2,185
(758)
1,427

(1)  Whitecourt's embedded derivative consists of a $17,643 fair value asset, offset by the $4,237 amortized contra-asset, set up on inception (2016 - $18,265 fair 

value asset, offset by the $4,591 of contra-asset).

(2)  Capstone's demand interest-free promissory note to Irving was designated as fair value through profit and loss until settlement in 2017.

Certain comparative figures for the periods ended December 31, 2016 have been adjusted to conform with the presentation in 
the current year.

Fair value continuity for Level 3 inputs

Opening balance, January 1,
Change in value of the embedded derivative included in other gains and (losses) in net income

Settlement of Whitecourt embedded derivative during the period

Amortization of Whitecourt embedded derivative inception value included in other gains and (losses) in net
income

Closing balance, December 31,

(B) 

Income and Expenses From Financial Instruments

Financial instruments designated as held-for-trading:
   Interest income on cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash (1), (2)
Financial instruments classified as held-for-trading (refer to note 21):
   Unrealized gain (loss) on the Whitecourt embedded derivative
   Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap contracts

   Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency contracts

   Realized gain (loss) on foreign currency contracts

Other liabilities:
   Interest expense on long-term debt (3)

2017
13,674

5,044
(5,664)

352

13,406

2016
(3,148)
24,612
(8,142)

352

13,674

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

653

5,396

4,534

—
9,930

—

—

334

24,964

2,401

138

27,503
(23)
(23)

(36,668)

(36,668)

(34,476)

(34,476)

(1) 
(2) 

(3) 

Interest income for 2017 of $1,600 includes a payment from Chapais Électrique Limitée of $947 and interest income on cash balances of $653.
Interest income for 2016 of $2,622 includes interest income directly related to the Ontario Electricity Financial Corporation ("OEFC") proceeds awarded of 
$2,288 and interest income on cash balances of $334.
Interest expense on the long-term debt for 2017 includes amortization of deferred financing fees and accretion on liability for asset retirement obligations of
$2,121 and $334 respectively (2016 - $1,839 and $317).

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 39

NOTE 8.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Corporation's normal operating, investing and financing activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, including market 
risk, credit risk, economic dependence and liquidity risk. The Corporation's overall risk management process is designed to 
identify, manage and mitigate business risk, which includes, among others, financial risk. 

(A)  Market Risk
Market risk is the risk or uncertainty arising from possible price movements and their impact on the future performance of the 
business. The Corporation is exposed to commodity price risk (electricity revenue), interest rate and inflation risk, foreign 
currency exchange risk and other indices that could adversely affect the value of the Corporation's financial assets, liabilities or 
expected future cash flows.

Commodity price risk

In 2017, both Cardinal and Whitecourt's revenues are exposed to price risk as follows:

(i)  Cardinal earns a portion of its revenue by supplying electricity to the Ontario grid only when profitable to do so.

(ii)  Whitecourt sells all electricity generated into the Power Pool of Alberta. Millar Western and Whitecourt's fuel supply 

agreement includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

Interest rate and inflation risk

Interest rate risk arises as changes in market interest rates affect the Corporation's future payments on debt obligations. The 
Corporation is exposed to interest rate risk on its floating rate debt. Currently, the Corporation has interest rate swap contracts to 
mitigate some of the risks associated with its long-term debt.

The terms of the contracts are:

Entity
GHG

GHG

Cardinal

Cardinal

Grey Highlands Clean

Grey Highlands Clean

Snowy Ridge

Snowy Ridge

Settlers Landing

Settlers Landing

Maturity Date
Jun 30, 2021

Jun 30, 2034

Dec 30, 2022

Jun 30, 2034

Sep 30, 2021

Sep 30, 2034

Dec 31, 2021

Dec 31, 2034

Jun 30, 2022

Jun 30, 2035

Foreign currency exchange risk

Notional Amount Swap Fixed Rate Stamping Fee / Margin Effective Interest Rate
2.97% - 3.33%

1.34% - 1.45%

1.63% - 1.88%

71,347

57,363

64,259

41,292

51,422

41,616

29,227

21,011

24,862

17,719

3.04% - 3.17%

1.24%

2.77%

1.24%

2.61%

1.13%

2.07%

1.71%

2.93%

1.88%

1.63%

1.63%

4.92% - 5.50%

2.87%

4.40%

1.63% - 1.88%

2.87% - 3.12%

1.88%

4.49%

1.63% - 1.88%

2.76% - 3.01%

1.88%

3.95%

1.63% - 1.88%

3.34% - 3.59%

1.88%

4.81%

Capstone's power assets have expenses or capital commitments in currencies other than the Canadian dollar; as new projects 
are built, expected additional purchases will be made in foreign currencies. To mitigate these risks Capstone monitors the risk 
associated with foreign exchange rate fluctuations and, from time to time, may enter into forward foreign exchange contracts or 
employ other hedging strategies.

Credit Risk

(B) 
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to honour a 
financial obligation.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Corporation to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash 
equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and derivative contracts.

The Corporation deposits its cash with reputable financial institutions and limits the exposure by counterparty; management 
therefore believes the risk of loss to be remote.

Credit risk concentration with respect to power trade receivables is limited due to the Corporation's customer base being 
predominantly government authorities. The table below summarizes power trade receivables from the sale of electricity by 
counterparty:

As at
Independent Electricity System Operator ("IESO")

Nova Scotia Power Inc. ("NSPI")

OEFC

Millar Western

Other

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Dec 31, 2017
13,759

Dec 31, 2016
13,191

4,118

1,711

708

4,112

24,408

1,161

1,228

1,906

5,578

23,064

Page 40

There are no accounts receivable that are past due. Since the IESO and OEFC are government agencies and NSPI is regulated 
by the provincial government, management considers credit risk to be minimal. For Millar Western, which is not a government 
agency, management considers the risk of loss to be low due to collections history and because the receivable balances are 
settled quarterly.

The Corporation's derivative agreements expose Capstone to losses under certain circumstances, such as the counterparty 
defaulting on its obligations under the swap agreements or if the swap agreements provide an imperfect hedge. Counterparties 
to the Corporation's derivative contracts are major financial institutions that have been accorded investment-grade ratings. 
Consequently, management believes there to be minimal credit risk associated with its derivative contracts.

Economic Dependence

(C) 
Economic dependence arises when an enterprise relies on a significant volume of business with another party that cannot be 
easily transferred at similar terms and conditions or is abnormal relative to expectations of similar entities. The table below 
summarizes revenue from the sale of electricity by counterparty for the power segment:

For the year ended
IESO

NSPI

OEFC

Other

Dec 31, 2017
112,160

Dec 31, 2016
99,744

12,451

8,855

20,697

12,280

40,801

20,115

154,163

172,940

Liquidity Risk

(D) 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Corporation may have insufficient cash or other resources to meet obligations as they come due.

Compliance with debt covenants

The Corporation has financial liabilities in its power operating segments and at corporate. Refer to notes 14 accounts payable 
and other liabilities and 15 long-term debt for further details on financial liabilities. These financial liabilities contain a number of 
standard financial and other covenants.

Failure to comply with terms and covenants of the Corporation's credit agreements could result in a default, which, if not cured or 
waived, could result in accelerated repayment or the suspension of preferred dividends.

In the event of default, there can be no assurance that the Corporation could:

(i)  Generate sufficient cash flow from operations in amounts sufficient to pay outstanding indebtedness, or to fund any other 

liquidity needs; or 

(ii)  Pay future preferred dividends; or

(iii)  Refinance these credit agreements or obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. The credit 
agreements, and future borrowings may be at variable rates of interest, which exposes the Corporation to the risk of 
increased interest rates.

Contractual maturities

The contractual maturities of the Corporation's financial liabilities as at December 31, 2017 were as follows:

Financial Liabilities

Within one year One year to five years

Beyond five years

Accounts payable and other liabilities

20,257

Derivative financial instruments

   Interest rate swaps

Long-term debt

   Principal payments

   Interest payments

—

86,208

31,821

118,029

—

434

231,084

110,888

341,972

—

1,710

516,398

153,620

670,018

Total

20,257

2,144

833,690

296,329

1,130,019

Sensitivity Analysis

(E) 
The sensitivity analysis provided below discloses the effect on net income for the year ended December 31, 2017, assuming that 
a reasonably possible change in the relevant risk variable has occurred during the year and has been applied to the risk 
exposures in existence at that date to show the effects of reasonably possible changes. The changes in market variables used in 
the sensitivity analysis were determined based on implied volatilities, where available, or historical data.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 41

The sensitivity analysis has been prepared based on December 31, 2017 balances and on the basis that the balances, the ratio 
of fixed to floating rates of debt and derivatives, the energy contracts that are financial instruments in place at December 31, 
2017 are all constant. Excluded from this analysis are all non-financial assets and liabilities that are not classified as financial 
instruments under IFRS 7.

The sensitivity analysis provided is hypothetical and should be used with caution because the impacts provided are not 
necessarily indicative of the actual impacts that would be experienced since the Corporation's actual exposure to market rates is 
constantly changing as the Corporation's portfolio of commodity, debt, foreign currency and equity contracts changes. Changes 
in fair values or cash flows based on a variation in a market variable cannot be extrapolated because the relationship between 
the change in the market variable and the change in fair value or cash flows may not be linear. In addition, the effect of a change 
in a particular market variable on fair values or cash flows is calculated without considering interrelationships between the 
various market rates, hedging strategies employed by the Corporation or other mitigating actions that would be taken by the 
Corporation.

The table summarizes the impact on fair value of changes in the Whitecourt embedded derivatives' significant unobservable 
inputs:

Dec 31, 2017 Unobservable inputs Estimated input

Relationship of input to fair value

$13,406 Forward Alberta power
pool prices

From $36/MWh to $96/
MWh over the next 12
years.

A reasonably possible increase in estimated forward prices of 5% or a
decrease of 5%, would cause fair value to decrease by $4,445 and
increase by $4,558, respectively.

Changes in these estimates may have a significant impact on the fair value of the embedded derivative given the length of 
contract involved. As new information becomes available, management may choose to revise these estimates where there is an 
absence of reliable observable market data.

The table summarizes the impact on fair value of changes in observable inputs:

For the year ended Dec 31, 2017

Financial assets:
   Cash and cash equivalents (1)
   Restricted cash

   Interest rate swap assets, net

Carrying

Amount

Interest Rate Risk

(0.5)%

0.5%

64,083

22,438

5,814

(320)
(112)
(9,768)

320

112

9,225

(330)

Financial liabilities:
   Long-term debt (2)
(1)  Cash and cash equivalents include deposits at call, which are at floating interest rates.
(2)  Long-term debt excludes all fixed-rate debt totaling $529,306 and variable rate debt that is covered by a swap for fixed-rate debt totaling $238,469.

65,915

330

Equity Accounted Investments

NOTE 9.  EQUITY ACCOUNTED INVESTMENTS
(A) 
As at December 31, 2017, Capstone no longer follows the equity accounting method for any of its investments. This is a result of 
the March 3 sale of Capstone's interest in Värmevärden and the December 31 acquisition of the remaining interests in the Glen 
Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities. As a result, the statement of financial position no longer holds an interest in Värmevärden and 
Capstone now fully consolidates the wholly owned wind facilities. In addition, Capstone's income statement includes equity 
accounting for the periods up to the disposal or acquisition of the respective investments. Refer to note 3 for details of both 
transactions.

The changes in the Corporation’s total equity accounted investments for the years ended were as follows:

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

(1)  Distributions received were from Glen Dhu.

Opening
Balance

Equity Accounted
Income (Loss)

22,464

23,392

935

958

Distributions 
Received (1)
(2,352)

(1,886)

Acquisition of 
remaining 
interests 
(21,047)

—

Ending
Balance

—
22,464

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 42

Summarized Information for Equity Accounted Investments

(B) 
The Corporation has summarized its equity accounted investments using their gross values as follows:

As at

Summarized Statements of Financial Position
Assets

Dec 31, 2017

Glen Dhu 

Fitzpatrick

Total

Glen Dhu 

Dec 31, 2016
Fitzpatrick 

Current

Non-current

Liabilities

Current

Non-current

Equity before fair value increments on purchase and
NCI
Fair value increments, net of amortization

Equity including unamortized fair value increments
on purchase
Capstone's interest

Carrying value of investment

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Income
Revenue

Net income

Total comprehensive income

Capstone's interest (refer to note 3c)

Subtotal

Amortization of fair value adjustments and other

Total

Net income to Capstone

NOTE 10.  CAPITAL ASSETS
(A) 

Continuity

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

100%

—

100%
—

Glen Dhu
21,214

3,874

3,874

49%

1,898
(876)
1,022

Dec 31, 2017
Fitzpatrick 

237

(91)
(91)
50%
(46)
(41)
(87)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Total
21,451

3,783

3,783

1,852
(917)
935

935

9,134

106,440

(7,492)

(88,028)

20,054

24,734

44,788

49%

21,946

Glen Dhu 
20,404

3,866

3,866

49%

1,894
(876)
1,018

197

2,202

(2,491)
(205)

(297)

1,332

1,035

50%

518

Dec 31, 2016
Fitzpatrick 

270

(44)
(44)
50%
(22)
(38)
(60)

Total

9,331

108,642

(9,983)
(88,233)

19,757

26,066

45,823

22,464

Total
20,674

3,822

3,822

1,872
(914)
958

958

Cost (1)
Land

Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Accumulated depreciation
Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Net carrying value

Jan 1, 2017

Additions

Disposals

Transfers (2)

Business 
Acquisition (3)

Dec 31, 2017

1,051

10,542

1,062,391

1,073,984

(6,126)

(280,587)

787,271

—
364

17,603

17,967

(1,084)
(55,878)
(38,995)

—
(29)
(11,829)

(11,858)

29
8,062

(3,767)

—

—
33,633

33,633

—

—
33,633

33

—
118,202

118,235

—

—
118,235

1,084

10,877

1,220,000

1,231,961

(7,181)
(328,403)
896,377

(1)  Additions to cost of $17,967 include $16,799 related to the Whitecourt refurbishment. Disposals include capital assets replaced as part of Whitecourt's 

refurbishment, which resulted in a loss of $3,235 in other gains and losses on the consolidated statement of income. Refer to note 21.

(2)  Transfer of $33,633 for Settlers Landing from projects under development upon reaching commercial operation ("CODs").
(3)  Refer to note 3c.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 43

Cost

Land

Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Water network

Construction in progress

Accumulated depreciation
Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Water network

Net carrying value

Jan 1, 2016

Additions

Disposals

Foreign
Exchange

Transfers

Disposal of

Business Dec 31, 2016

4,574

16,527

1,407,911

669,851

14,888

2,113,751

(5,035)

(353,104)

(53,379)

1,702,233

—

814
13,295

7,437

46,318

67,864

(2,173)
(68,872)
(8,324)
(11,505)

—
(536)
(23,342)
(15)
—

(23,893)

329

21,896

—

(1,668)

(658)
(1,694)
(127,849)
(139,361)
(7,828)
(277,390)

1,084

55,294

23,364
(197,648)

—
701

191,003
13,120

(35,912)

168,912

—

—

—

168,912

(2,865)
(5,270)
(398,627)
(551,032)
(17,466)
(975,260)

(331)
64,199

38,339
(873,053)

1,051

10,542

1,062,391

—

—
1,073,984

(6,126)
(280,587)
—
787,271

Certain comparative figures for the periods ended December 31, 2016 have been adjusted to conform with the presentation in 
the current year.

(B) 

Reconciliation to Cash Additions for the Cash Flow Statement

For the year ended
Additions

Adjustment for change in capital asset additions included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Net foreign exchange difference

Cash additions attributable to Bristol Water

Cash additions

NOTE 11.  PROJECTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT
(A) 

Continuity

As at January 1
Capitalized costs during the year (1)
Costs transferred to capital assets (2) (refer to note 10)
Costs transferred to intangibles (2) (refer to note 12)
As at December 31 (3)
(1) 

Includes $123 of capitalized borrowing costs during the construction of the Settlers Landing wind development projects using the interest rate of the long-term 
debt (2016 - $2,777 during the construction of GHG, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects).

(2)  Amounts were transferred on the COD of Settlers Landing (2016 - COD of GHG, Grey Highlands Clean and Snowy Ridge).
(3)  PUD balance as at December 31, 2017 relates to the Riverhurst wind development project.

(B) 

Reconciliation to Cash Additions for the Cash Flow Statement

For the year ended
Additions

Adjustment for change in additions to PUD included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Cash additions

Dec 31, 2017
14,383

Dec 31, 2016
100,547

3,853

18,236

20,445

120,992

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 44

Dec 31, 2017
17,967
(1,942)
—

—
16,025

Dec 31, 2016
67,864
(95)
(2,609)
(49,624)
15,536

2017
22,267

14,383

(33,633)
(2,287)
730

2016
106,200

100,547
(170,165)
(14,315)
22,267

NOTE 12.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Assets
Computer software
Electricity supply and other contracts(1)
Water rights

Accumulated amortization
Computer software

Electricity supply and other contracts

Water rights

Net carrying value

Jan 1, 2017

Additions

Transfers

Business 

Acquisition(2) Dec 31, 2017

257

149,039
73,018

(257)
(48,427)

(20,137)

153,493

—
281

—

—

(7,703)

(2,122)

(9,544)

—
2,287

—

—

—

—
2,287

—
21,496

—

—

—

—
21,496

257

173,103

73,018

(257)
(56,130)

(22,259)
167,732

(1)  Transfer is composed of $2,287 from PUD on the COD of Settlers Landing (refer to note 11).
(2)  Refer to note 3c.

Jan 1, 2016

Additions

Disposals

Foreign
Exchange

Transfers Impairment

Disposal of

Business Dec 31, 2016

(1,387)

(9,178)

1,253

—

—

—

—

—

—

(5,067)

(31,305)

—

—

—

—

—

(38,057)

14,315

—

—

—

—

—

—
15,568

(14,300)

(3,399)

1,387

7,493

Assets
Computer software

Electricity supply and other
contracts

Water rights

Licence

Goodwill

Accumulated amortization
Computer software

Electricity supply and other
contracts

Water rights

24,222

134,724

73,018

27,141

176,256

—

—

—

—

—

(40,521)

(18,026)

(7,906)

(2,111)

Net carrying value

362,514

(13,416)

NOTE 13.  INCOME TAXES
(A) 

Deferred Income Tax

As at
Deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

—

—

—

—

(58,000)

—

—

—

(58,000)

(14,653)

257

—

—

(22,074)

(86,951)

149,039

73,018

—

—

8,562

(257)

—

—
(115,116)

(48,427)

(20,137)
153,493

Dec 31, 2017
—

Dec 31, 2016
14,750

(89,243)

(89,243)

(72,673)

(57,923)

The net deferred income tax liability, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same jurisdiction, are 
detailed as follows:

As at
Non-capital loss carry forwards

Other

Asset retirement obligations

Deferred income tax assets

Capital assets

Intangibles
Financial instruments
Loan premium and deferred financing costs

Other

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Dec 31, 2017
27,375

Dec 31, 2016
27,835

420

2,294

30,089

(75,349)

(36,853)
(5,011)
(1,600)
(519)
(119,332)
(89,243)

16,711

1,920

46,466

(59,752)

(39,036)
(3,985)
(1,129)
(487)
(104,389)
(57,923)

Page 45

A continuity of the net deferred income tax liability follows:

Net deferred income tax liability as at January 1
Business acquisition (1) 
Recorded in earnings

Liability derecognized on disposal of Bristol Water

Other

Net deferred income tax liability as at December 31

(1)  Refer to note 3c.

(B) 
 Timing of Deferred Income Tax Reversal
The timing of deferred income tax reversal is summarized as follows:

As at

Within 12 months

After more than 12 months

Net deferred income tax liability

2017

(57,923)

(15,060)

(17,170)

—
910

(89,243)

2016

(203,905)

—
5,517

139,506

959

(57,923)

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

46,488

(135,731)

(89,243)

59,420

(117,343)

(57,923)

Tax Loss Carry Forwards

(C) 
Capstone's tax loss carry forwards and the portion recognized in deferred income tax assets were as follows:

Canadian – non-capital losses

US – non-capital losses

Canadian – capital losses

Expiry
2025 – 2037

2023 – 2027

No expiry

Recognized Unrecognized
66,302

103,038

Dec 31, 2017
169,340

Dec 31, 2016
187,102

—

—

18,143

908

18,143

908

19,419

—

The Corporation also has $1,699 of unrecognized deferred tax assets, which have not been recognized as at December 31, 
2017 (2016 - $1,947).

Rate Reconciliation

(D) 
The following table reconciles the expected income tax expense using the statutory tax rate to the expense:

For the year ended
Income (loss) before income taxes (1)
Statutory income tax rate
Income tax expense based on statutory income tax rate 
Permanent differences 
Tax rate differentials 
Change in unrecognized deferred tax assets

Impact of sale of Värmevärden

Impact on attributes renounced to shareholders

Part XII.6 taxes and penalties
Other 
Total income tax expense (recovery)

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

6,600
26.50%
1,749

861
(38)
(4,628)
20,901

—

—

(1,304)
17,541

14,971

26.51%
3,969

1,484

344

(9,977)
—

1,111

241

(1,031)

(3,859)

(1) 

Income (loss) before income taxes excludes discontinued operations.

The statutory income tax rate of 26.50% (2016 - 26.51%) changes in response to Capstone's allocation of taxable income to 
different tax jurisdictions.

Current Income Taxes

(E) 
Current income taxes payable of $2,439 are included in accounts payable and other liabilities on the statement of financial 
position (refer to note 14) (2016 - $2,958).

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 46

NOTE 14.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Dividends payable

Income taxes payable

Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Income taxes payable
Canadian Renewable and Conservation Expense ("CRCE") penalties (1)
Taxes payable (recovery) on preferred share dividends

Current income taxes payable (recovery)

Dec 31, 2017
409

Dec 31, 2016
409

2,439

17,409

20,257

2,958

22,016

25,383

Dec 31, 2017
2,274

Dec 31, 2016
2,509

24
141

2,439

164

285

2,958

(1)  CRCE penalties related to flow-through shares originally issued by Renewable Energy Developers Inc., which was acquired by Capstone in 2013.

NOTE 15.  LONG-TERM DEBT
(A) 

Power

As at

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

CPC credit facilities

Wind - Operating
Wind - Development (1)
Hydros

Solar

Gas

Less: deferred financing costs

Long-term debt

Less: current portion

Fair Value

65,915

551,782

—
77,092

78,772

64,259

837,820

Fair Value

85,000

467,445

7,700

81,087

86,178

67,557

794,967

Carrying
Value

65,915

544,382

—
77,502

81,632

64,259

833,690

(15,148)

818,542

(86,208)

732,334

Carrying
Value

85,000

453,050

7,700

81,851

87,062

67,557

782,220

(16,229)
765,991

(62,169)
703,822

(1) 

In 2017, the Settlers Landing project debt was transferred to wind - operating as the project had reached COD.

Capstone has a cumulative $42,121 utilized on its letter of credit facilities.

The respective project debt within the power segment have regular principal and interest payments over the term to maturity and 
are secured only by the assets of respective project, with no recourse to the Corporation's other assets, except as noted.

In addition, the individual project debt agreements require the respective projects to maintain certain restrictive covenants 
including a minimum debt service coverage ratio to allow distributions to Capstone.

(i) 

CPC Credit Facilities

Total available credit - all facilities

Amount drawn

   Term credit facility
   Revolving credit facility (2)
   Letter of credit facility (3)
Remaining available credit

Interest Rate (1)

Maturity

Dec 31, 2017
145,000

Dec 31, 2016
125,000

3.61%

Dec 15, 2021

50,000

15,915

27,812

51,273

85,000

—
32,161

7,839

(1)  The effective rate was 3.61% on December 15, 2017 based on a variable rate plus an applicable margin.
(2) 
(3)  As at December 31, 2017, Capstone had 15 letters of credit authorized under the revolving facility.

In Q1 2018, CPC repaid $15,915 of its revolving credit facility under the new CPC Credit Facilities, increasing the revolving credit facility capacity.

On December 15, 2017, Capstone refinanced the corporate bridge credit facilities in place since the iCON III acquisition, 
increasing the total debt capacity to $145,000, consisting of a $50,000 term facility and a $95,000 revolving credit facility ("the 
CPC Credit Facilities"). The proceeds drawn on the new facilities were used to repay the the former CPC credit facilities and 
cover the financing fees. The new CPC Credit Facilities mature on December 15, 2021, bear interest at a variable rate plus an 
applicable margin and have a minimum annual principal repayment of $5,000 on the term facility. Subsequent to 2021, the new 
CPC Credit Facilities have a rolling one-year extension option, subject to lender approval.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 47

Under the new CPC Credit Facilities, CPC is subject to customary covenants, including specific limitations on leverage and 
interest coverage ratios, and a minimum cash flow profile. The collateral for the new CPC Credit Facilities is provided by 
Capstone, CPC, and its material subsidiaries. CPC and its material subsidiary guarantors (with the exception of certain 
subsidiaries, including previously encumbered project financed subsidiaries) provided demand debentures granting a first 
ranking security interest in all present and future property and a floating charge over real property and first ranking securities 
pledge agreements (subject to certain permitted liens). Capstone provided a limited recourse guarantee, a securities pledge 
agreement, and an assignment of indebtedness owed to Capstone by CPC.

In 2016, the former CPC credit facilities' aggregate capacity was $125,000, comprising an $85,000 non-revolving facility, a 
$5,000 revolving facility, and a $35,000 revolving letter of credit facility. Prior to the refinancing of this credit facility, CPC repaid 
$20,317 of the principal, in accordance with the credit agreement. 

(ii) 

Wind - Operating

Project debt
Glen Dhu (1)
GHG

Goulais

Erie Shores

Saint-Philémon

Grey Highlands Clean

Amherst

Snowy Ridge

Settlers Landing
SkyGen (2)
Skyway 8 (2)
Glace Bay

Dec 31, 2017
88,885

70,647

72,169

67,977

52,952

49,320

37,223

29,083

25,160

20,360

18,337

12,269

Dec 31, 2016
—
74,723

73,823

73,934

53,988

51,963

39,242

30,652

—
22,095

19,013

13,617

544,382

453,050

(1)  Glen Dhu project debt relates to the acquisition of the remaining interest of the wind facility, which is consolidated as at December 31, 2017. Refer to note 3c.
(2)  SkyGen project debt includes financing related to the Ferndale, Ravenswood, and Proof Line facilities. Skyway 8 was financed separately as it reached COD at 

a later date.

Glen Dhu
Term loan (2)
(1)  Glen Dhu has a standby loan facility to fund its debt service reserve requirement. There were no draws on the standby loan facility during the year.
(2)  Glen Dhu's term loan balance represents its fair value upon acquisition. Refer to note 3c for more details. 

Interest Rate
5.33%

Dec 31, 2017
88,885

Maturity
Dec 31, 2030

Dec 31, 2016
—

GHG
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
3.08%

Maturity
Aug 26, 2021

Dec 31, 2017
70,647

Dec 31, 2016
74,723

(1)  GHG has $3,200 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  As at December 31, 2017, GHG had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Goulais
Term loan

Interest Rate
5.16%

Maturity
Sep 30, 2034

Dec 31, 2017
72,169

Dec 31, 2016
73,823

(1)  Goulais is required to set aside $3,327 as restricted cash to cover the debt service reserve.

Erie Shores (3)
Tranche A

Tranche C

Interest Rate
5.96%

6.15%

Maturity
Apr 1, 2026

Apr 1, 2026

Dec 31, 2017
40,982

Dec 31, 2016
44,588

26,995

67,977

29,346

73,934

(1)  Erie Shores project debt has a $5,000 limited recourse guarantee provided by CPC to the lenders of the Erie Shores project debt.
(2)  Erie Shores is required to set aside $5,193 as restricted cash and $550 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the new CPC revolving credit 

facility to cover the debt service and maintenance reserves.

(3)  Tranche B matured on April 1, 2016.

Saint-Philémon
Term loan

Interest Rate
5.49%

Maturity
May 31, 2034

Dec 31, 2017
52,952

Dec 31, 2016
53,988

(1)  Saint-Philémon is required to set aside $1,224 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the new CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt 

service reserve. 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 48

Grey Highlands Clean
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.87%

Maturity
Dec 23, 2021

Dec 31, 2017
49,320

Dec 31, 2016
51,963

(1)  Grey Highlands Clean is required to set aside $2,100 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  As at December 31, 2017, Grey Highlands Clean had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Amherst
Term loan

Interest Rate
6.20%

Maturity
Apr 30, 2032

Dec 31, 2017
37,223

Dec 31, 2016
39,242

(1)  Amherst's project debt has a $1,000 limited recourse guarantee provided by CPC to the lenders of the Amherst project debt. 
(2)  Amherst is required to set aside $1,102 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the new CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt service and 

maintenance reserves.

Snowy Ridge
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.75%

Maturity
Dec 23, 2021

Dec 31, 2017
29,083

Dec 31, 2016
30,652

(1)  Snowy Ridge is required to set aside $3,386 as restricted cash to cover construction holdbacks with vendors and $1,300 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2017, Snowy Ridge had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Settlers Landing
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
3.34%

Maturity
Aug 31, 2022

Dec 31, 2017
25,160

Dec 31, 2016
—

(1)  Settlers Landing is required to set aside $1,996 as restricted cash to cover construction holdbacks with vendors and $1,100 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2017, Settlers Landing had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

On August 31, 2017, the Settlers Landing construction facility converted into a five-year term facility which has regular principal 
and interest payments fully amortizing over the remaining term and a $1,100 letter of credit facility.

SkyGen
Term loans

Term loan

Interest Rate
4.22 - 5.06%

6.22%

Maturity (2)
Feb 23, 2018

Feb 17, 2018

Dec 31, 2017
20,143

Dec 31, 2016
21,772

217

20,360

323

22,095

(1)  SkyGen is not required to set aside any reserves for debt service or maintenance.
(2)  On February 6, 2018, SkyGen and its existing lenders extended the term loan maturity dates to August 2018.

Skyway 8
Term loan

Interest Rate
4.80%

Maturity (2)
Feb 16, 2018

Dec 31, 2017
18,337

Dec 31, 2016
19,013

(1)  Skyway 8 is not required to set aside any reserves for debt service or maintenance.
(2)  On February 6, 2018, Skyway8 and its existing lenders extended the term loan maturity dates to August 2018.

Glace Bay
Term loan

Term loan

Term loan

Interest Rate
5.99%

6.36%

4.72%

Maturity
Mar 15, 2027

Apr 21, 2019

Oct 1, 2032

Dec 31, 2017
6,685

Dec 31, 2016
7,211

799

4,785

12,269

1,537

4,869

13,617

(1)  Glace Bay is required to set aside $1,893 as restricted cash to cover the debt service and operating and maintenance reserves.

(iii) 

Hydros

Senior secured bonds

Subordinated secured bonds

Interest Rate
4.56%

7.00%

Maturity
Jun 30, 2040

Jun 30, 2041

Dec 31, 2017
57,693

Dec 31, 2016
61,609

19,809

77,502

20,242

81,851

(1)  The hydro facilities are required to set aside $17,273 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the new CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt 

service and maintenance reserves.

(iv) 

Solar

Amherstburg project debt

Interest Rate
3.49%

Maturity
Dec 31, 2030

Dec 31, 2017
81,632

Dec 31, 2016
87,062

(1)  Amherstburg is required to set aside $4,527 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the new CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt service 

and maintenance reserves.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 49

(v) 

Gas

Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.87%

Maturity
Mar 18, 2023

Dec 31, 2017
64,259

Dec 31, 2016
67,557

(1)  Cardinal is required to set aside $2,000 as restricted cash to cover the operating and maintenance reserves and $2,700 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2017, Cardinal had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Long-term Debt Covenants

(B) 
For the year ended and as at December 31, 2017, the Corporation and its subsidiaries complied with all financial and non-
financial debt covenants.

Long-term Debt Repayments

(C) 
The following table summarizes total principal payments required under each of the Corporation's facilities in the next five years 
and thereafter:

Year of Repayment
Power

Within one year One year to five years
231,084

86,208

Beyond five years
516,398

Total
833,690

NOTE 16.  LIABILITY FOR ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
The carrying value of these obligations is based on estimated cash flows required to settle these obligations in present day 
costs. The costs relate to site restoration and decommissioning of Cardinal and the operating wind and hydro power facilities. 

The following table provides the underlying assumptions and reconciles the Corporation's total asset retirement obligation 
activity:

Assumptions:
Expected settlement date

Inflation rate

Credit adjusted discount rate

Balance, beginning of year
Business acquisition (1)
Revision of estimates

Liabilities incurred

Accretion expense

Balance, end of year

(1)  Refer to note 3c.

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

2020– 2062

2017– 2062

2.0%

2.0%

3.5% - 5.75% 3.25% - 6.5%

7,165

1,598

1,009

55
334

10,161

4,767

—
1,640

441

317

7,165

NOTE 17.  SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND PROMISSORY NOTE PAYABLE
The following table summarizes the Corporation's share capital:

As at
Common shares

Preferred shares

Dec 31, 2017
62,270

Dec 31, 2016
40,433

72,020

134,290

72,020

112,453

Common and Class A Shares

(A) 
Capstone is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common and Class A shares, all of which have the same rights and 
attributes.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 50

Continuity for the year ended

(000s shares and $000s)

Opening balance
Dividend reinvestment plan
Exchange of Class B units and conversion of debentures (1)
Cancellation of common shares for issuance of promissory note (1)
Issuance of Class A shares (1), (2)
Elimination of deficit (3)
Conversion of promissory note (4)
Return of capital (2), (4)
Business acquisition (5)
Ending balance

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

Shares Carrying Value
40,433
227,733

Shares Carrying Value
715,989
94,396

—

—

—
76,876

—

—

—

—

304,609

—

—

—
86,332

—

—

(86,332)
21,837

62,270

136

9,296
(103,828)
103,828

—
123,905

—

—
227,733

617

26,710
(316,225)
—
(389,178)
194,531
(192,011)
—
40,433

(1)  On April 29, 2016, the 3,249 Class B units were acquired by Irving and subsequently exchanged for the same number of common shares and the 2017 

convertible debentures were also converted into 6,047 newly issued common shares. Irving acquired all 103,828 outstanding common shares and exchanged 
them for the same number of Class A shares of the Corporation and two promissory notes payable from the Corporation. The common shares acquired by the 
Corporation were then cancelled (refer to note 3a).

(2)  On March 31, 2017, Irving converted the remaining SEK tranche of the promissory note payable into 76,876 newly issued Class A shares, which increased 

share capital by $86,332. Additionally, Capstone distributed $86,332 to Irving as a return of capital which impacted share capital. The transaction did not change 
the value of Capstone's Class A shares. Refer to note 3b(ii) for details.

(3)  On April 29, 2016 deficit as at April 29, 2016 of $389,178 was reclassified to share capital (refer to note 3a).
(4)  On December 15, 2016, Irving converted the GBP tranche of the promissory note payable into 123,905 newly issued Class A shares and which reduced the 

balance by $194,531. In return, Capstone received a promissory note receivable of $192,011 from iCON III Bristol Limited and then distributed the promissory 
note receivable to Irving as a $192,011 return of capital (refer to note 3b(i)).

(5)  Refer to note 3c for changes related to the acquisition of remaining interests of wind facilities.

Preferred Shares

(B) 
Capstone is authorized to issue preferred shares equal to 50% of the outstanding common shares. As at December 31, 2017 
and 2016, there were 3,000 series A preferred shares issued and outstanding, with a carrying value of $72,020. 

The series A preferred shares have a cumulative discretionary dividend, which resets on each 5-year anniversary; the next 
anniversary date is July 31, 2021. The shares are non-voting and redeemable at the Corporation's discretion. 

In accordance with the terms of the share agreement, all preferred shares accrue dividends at a fixed rate of 3.271% per annum 
and preferred dividends are paid quarterly.

Dividends

(C) 
No dividends were declared in 2017 or 2016 in respect of the Corporation's common shareholders, nor for Class B 
Exchangeable Units of MPT LTC Holding LP (a subsidiary entity of the Corporation) after the iCON III acquisition of Capstone.

For the year ended
Preferred shares declared (1), (2)
(1) 
(2)  Capstone has included $409 of accrued preferred dividends as declared on November 8, 2017 (2016 - $409).

Includes $71 of deferred income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2017 (2016 - $326).

Dec 31, 2017
2,523

Dec 31, 2016
3,532

Capital Management

(D) 
The Corporation manages its capital, which is defined as the aggregate of long-term debt and preferred shareholders' equity, to 
achieve the following objectives:

•  Maintain a capital structure that provides financial flexibility to the Corporation to ensure access to debt on commercially 

reasonable terms, without exceeding its debt capacity; 

•  Maintain financial flexibility in order to preserve its ability to meet financial obligations, including debt servicing payments and 

distribution payments; and

•  Deploy capital to provide an appropriate investment return to its security holders.

The Corporation's financial strategy is designed to maintain a capital structure consistent with the objectives stated above and to 
respond to changes in economic conditions. In doing so, the Corporation may receive capital contributions from its common 
shareholder, issue additional shares, issue additional debt, issue debt to replace existing debt with similar or different 
characteristics, or adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders.

The Corporation's financing and refinancing decisions are made on a specific transaction basis and depend on such things as 
the Corporation's needs and economic conditions at the time of the transaction. 

The Corporation is not subject to any external capital requirements and is in compliance with all debt covenants as described in 
note 15.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 51

Promissory Note Payable

(E)  
On April 29, 2016, as part of the iCON III acquisition described in note 3a, Capstone issued a demand interest-free promissory 
note to Irving for $316,225 in exchange for common share capital, which was reduced to $96,702 as at December 31, 2016. On 
March 31, 2017, Irving converted its remaining 552,700 SEK tranche of the promissory note into 76,876 Class A shares of 
Capstone at fair value using the foreign exchange rate as at April 29, 2016 and the $10,370 Canadian denominated tranche of 
the promissory note was repaid using proceeds from the sale of Värmevärden. Refer to note 3b(ii) for details.

Non-controlling Interests

NOTE 18.  NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
(A) 
Non-controlling interests represent ownership interests by third parties in businesses consolidated by Capstone. Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Chi-Wiikwedong, Grey Highlands ZEP and Ganaraska ("GHG"), Snowy Ridge ("SR") and Settlers Landing ("SL") non-
controlling interests as at December 31, 2017 were:

• 

• 

Amherst is 49% owned by Firelight Infrastructure Partners LP ("Firelight").

Saint-Philémon is 48.9% owned by Municipalité Régionale de Comté de Bellechasse and 0.1% owned by Municipalité de 
Saint-Philémon (the "Municipal partners").

•  Goulais is 49% owned by BFN.

•  GHG, SR and SL have a debenture with a subsidiary of One West Holdings Ltd. ("Concord"), convertible into a 50% 

ownership interest in the projects.

Capstone has agreements with each partner that govern distributions from these investments. In addition, distributions must also 
comply with the respective debt agreements.

The balances and changes in non-controlling interests are:

Owners 
interests in 
Bristol Water (1)
214,171

(3,503)

(51,400)

—

—

(159,268)

—

—

—

—

—

Firelight's
interest in
Amherst

Municipal 
interest in 
Saint-
Philémon

BFN's
interest in
Goulais

Concord's
interest in
GHG, SR & SL

10,262

552

—
(1,240)
—

—
9,574

736
(931)
—
9,379

3,258
(354)
—
(569)
—

—
2,335

196

(1,035)

—
1,496

19,781

1,522

—

(1,265)

—

—
20,038

61

(1,274)

—
18,825

26,033

—

—

—
3,437

—
29,470

—

—
(3,921)
25,549

Total

273,505
(1,783)
(51,400)
(3,074)
3,437
(159,268)
61,417

993
(3,240)
(3,921)
55,249

January 1, 2016
NCI portion of net income (loss)

NCI portion of OCI

Dividends declared

Net convertible debenture advances

Disposal of business

As at December 31, 2016
NCI portion of net income (loss)

Dividends declared

Net convertible debenture repayments

As at December 31, 2017

(1)  Refer to note 3b(i).

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 52

(B) 

Summarized Information for Material Partly Owned Subsidiaries

As at

Summarized
Statements of
Financial
Position
Assets

Current

Non-current

Liabilities

Current

Non-current

Total equity

Attributable to:

Shareholders
of Capstone
NCI

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

Amherst

Saint-
Philémon

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

Amherst

Saint-
Philémon

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

2,503

57,532

(2,768)
(35,785)
21,482

12,103

9,379

21,482

2,766

56,711

(3,410)

(49,871)

6,196

4,225

2,054

(2,494)

—
3,785

4,700

1,496

6,196

(15,040)

18,825
3,785

969

68,704

—

—
69,673

44,115

25,549

69,664

1,919

60,249

(2,681)

(37,612)
21,875

12,301

9,574

21,875

1,192

59,926

(1,813)

(51,530)
7,775

2,724

2,861

(645)
—
4,940

5,440

2,335

7,775

(15,098)

20,038

4,940

2,211

67,891

—

—
70,102

40,632

29,470

70,102

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Income

Revenue

Net income

Total comprehensive income

Attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

NCI

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Income

Revenue

Net income

OCI

Total comprehensive income

Attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

NCI

(1)  Refer to note 3b(i).

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Cash Flows

Operating

Investing

Financing

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and equivalents

Bristol Water (1)
191,315

31,921
(114,344)
(82,423)

(27,520)
(54,903)
(82,423)

Dec 31, 2017

Saint-
Philémon

7,934

401

401

205

196

401

Dec 31, 2016

Saint-
Philémon

6,993

(722)
—
(722)

(368)
(354)
(722)

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

2,677

118

118

57

61
118

7,418

7,408

7,408

7,408

—
7,408

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

3,019

312

—
312

(1,210)
1,522
312

566

501

—
501

501

—
501

Amherst

8,662

1,508

1,508

772

736

1,508

Amherst

8,408

1,127

—
1,127

575

552
1,127

Dec 31, 2017

Amherst

3,440

—

(3,804)
(364)

Saint-
Philémon

4,618
(36)
(3,017)
1,565

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

6,025

—
(4,210)
1,815

7,421
(1,807)
(7,418)
(1,804)

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 53

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Cash Flows

Operating

Investing

Financing

Foreign exchange

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and equivalents

(1)  Refer to note 3b(i).

Bristol Water (1)
70,019
(49,657)
(1,217)
(6,266)
12,879

Amherst

4,124

—

(4,210)

—
(86)

Dec 31, 2016

Saint-
Philémon

1,258

1,497

(2,574)

—
181

Goulais GHG, SR & SL

4,398

1,455
(7,326)
—
(1,473)

(13,849)
(5,336)
16,611

—
(2,574)

Certain comparative figures for the periods ended December 31, 2016 have been adjusted to conform with the presentation in 
the current year.

Convertible debentures with Concord

(C) 
On November 16, 2015, a subsidiary of CPC issued an unsecured convertible debenture to a subsidiary of Concord. The 
debenture allows Concord to eventually acquire a 50% interest in the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. Under 
the terms of the debenture, both Capstone and Concord will equally fund ongoing equity requirements relating to the these 
development projects. In addition, Capstone and Concord will equally share any distributions made from the projects, which are 
based on the availability of cash from the projects. Distributions to Concord prior to conversion of the debenture are principal 
repayments. At either Capstone or Concord's option, subject to limited conditions, the debenture is convertible into 50% of the 
outstanding equity of the entities holding the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. The debenture is classified as an 
equity instrument in accordance with IAS 32 because there are no fixed payment obligations, including principal and interest. 
The debenture is included in the non-controlling interest component within the consolidated statement of shareholders' equity 
because it is attributable to Concord's interest in the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. The initial principal 
contribution of the debenture was $31,408. The face value decreased to $29,470 as at December 31, 2016 and $25,549 as at 
December 31, 2017.

Share Appreciation Rights Plan

NOTE 19.  SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
(A) 
On April 1, 2017, a new SAR plan was approved by the board. The SAR plan allows up to 15,230,457 SAR units, or 5% of the 
number of shares issued, to be granted, of which 9,899,791 were granted on inception and outstanding as at December 31, 
2017. A SAR unit entitles the holder to the appreciation in value of one unit over a period of time. The SAR units have a 
maximum life of 13 years and vest upon a sale transaction, defined as more than 50% of the equity securities of Capstone being 
sold to a third party. The sale price will determine the ultimate fair value of the SAR units on the vesting date. The SAR units will 
be settled in cash for individuals who meet the vesting conditions on the vesting date. No liability has been recorded as a sale 
transaction is not currently probable.

Long-term Incentive Plans

(B) 
On April 1, 2017, Capstone awarded a discretionary cash-based LTIP to members of senior management. The LTIP accrues 
based on passage of time, until the vesting date of December 31, 2019. Employees who depart prior to the vesting date will 
forfeit their LTIP. The LTIP expense included in wages and benefits was $104 in 2017.

Prior to the iCON III acquisition, Capstone had an LTIP for which restricted share units ("RSUs") and performance share units 
("PSUs") of the Corporation were granted annually to senior management. All RSUs and PSUs were settled on April 29, 2016 as 
part of the iCON III acquisition. The share-based LTIP expense is included in wages and benefits (refer to notes 20 and 23) 
(2016 - $6,568).

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 54

NOTE 20.  EXPENSES BY NATURE

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

Operating

Admin.

Wages and benefits
Property expenses (1)
Maintenance & supplies
Professional fees (2)
Fuel and transportation (3)
Insurance

Power facility administration

Other

Total

9,301

7,996

9,442

2,492

5,581

2,430

2,366

2,682

42,290

5,787

497

—
1,053

—

129

—

1,252

8,718

Project
Development
Costs
562

—

—
1,250

—

—

—

278

2,090

Total Operating

15,650

8,493

9,442

4,795

5,581

2,559

2,366

4,212

8,593

7,393

10,817

3,580

19,131

2,448

2,384

2,601

53,098

56,947

Admin.

15,913

484

—
1,216

—
209

—

2,054

19,876

Project
Development
Costs
1,990

—

—
13,031

—

—

—

234

Total

26,496

7,877

10,817

17,827

19,131

2,657

2,384

4,889

15,255

92,078

(1)  Property expenses include leases, utilities, and property taxes.
(2)  Professional fees include legal, audit, tax and other advisory services.
(3)  Fuel and transportation expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 include $12,049 of fuel expenses related to the OEFC retroactive adjustments in 2016.

Certain comparative figures for the periods ended December 31, 2016 have been adjusted to conform with the presentation in 
the current year.

NOTE 21.  OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES

Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments (1)
Losses on disposal of capital assets (2)
Losses on settlement of convertible debentures (3)
Realized losses on derivative financial instruments

Other

Other gains and (losses), net

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017
9,930
(3,507)
—

—

14
6,437

Dec 31, 2016
27,503
(727)
(3,324)
(23)
(19)
23,410

(1)  Unrealized gains on derivative financial instruments were attributable to an increase in the Whitecourt embedded derivative asset because of lower estimated 

forward Alberta power pool prices since December 31, 2016 and increases in assets related to the interest rate swap contracts due to higher long-term interest 
rates since December 31, 2016.

(2)  Primarily relates to $3,235 of losses on capital assets replaced as part of Whitecourt's refurbishment.
(3)  On April 29, 2016, Capstone's 2016 and 2017 convertible debentures were redeemed and converted as part of the iCON III acquisition. Refer to note 3a.

NOTE 22.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Corporation, either directly or indirectly through its subsidiaries, has entered into various contracts and commitments in 
addition to the commitments described in note 7 financial instruments, note 8 financial risk management, notes 15 long-term 
debt, 16 liability for asset retirement obligation and 17 shareholders' equity and promissory note payable as at December 31, 
2017 were as follows:

Leases

(A) 
Minimum operating lease payments comprised:

Operating leases

Within one year One year to five years
$19,134

$4,668

 Beyond five years
$49,235

 Total
$73,037

The following leases have been included in the table based on known minimum operating lease commitments as follows:

•  Capstone's operating wind facilities and wind development projects have entered into agreements for the use, or option to 

use, land in connection with the operation of existing and future wind farms. Payment under these agreements is typically a 
minimum amount with additional payments dependent on the amount of power generated by the wind facility. The 
agreements can be renewed and extend as far as 2061.

•  Cardinal leases the site on which it is located from Ingredion Canada Corporation ("Ingredion"). Under the lease, Cardinal 

pays monthly rent. The lease extends through 2034 and expires concurrently with the Energy Savings Agreement between 
Ingredion and Cardinal. 

• 

• 

Amherstburg leases the land on which its operating facilities are located. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2036. 

The Corporation has an operating lease for the corporate office ending in 2023.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 55

Capstone's operating lease commitments with no minimum operating lease commitments required were:

•  Capstone has agreements with the Provinces of Ontario and British Columbia for the lease of certain lands and water rights 
necessary for the operation of its hydro power facilities. The payments under these agreements vary based on actual power 
production. The terms of the lease agreements extend between 2033 and 2042. 

Capital Commitments

(B) 
Capstone enters into capital commitments in the normal course of operations. As part of Capstone's power development 
operations, Capstone enters various construction and purchase agreements. 

During 2017, Whitecourt entered into several contracts as part of its refurbishment of the steam turbine and boiler. The project is 
expected to extend the life of the facility by 20 years. As at December 31, 2017, Whitecourt's remaining contractual commitments 
have been recorded in its accrued liabilities.

Power Purchase Agreements

(C) 
A significant portion of the Corporation's electricity revenue is earned through long-term PPAs. The majority of these contracts 
include terms and conditions customary to the industry. For Cardinal's contract, the nature of the material commitments includes: 
electricity capacity; availability; and production targets. For the remaining power facilities, Capstone is not obligated to deliver 
electricity; however, in certain circumstances, if a facility fails to meet the performance requirements, the operating facilities' PPA 
may be terminated after a specified period of time.

(D)  Management Services Agreements
Capstone has agreements with all the partially owned wind facilities and development projects, including Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Goulais, GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing (Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick were included up until the acquisition of 
the remaining ownership interests on December 31, 2017). For the operating projects, these agreements are primarily for the 
provision of management and administration services and are based on an agreed percentage of revenue. The development 
projects additionally include a development fee for the successful completion of the projects, which pays an agreed fee per MW 
on completion of development.

(E)  Wood Waste Supply Agreement
The Whitecourt and Millar Western fuel supply agreement for wood waste includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price 
received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

Operations and Maintenance ("O&M") Agreements

(F) 
Cardinal has a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited covering the gas turbine at the 15 MW Ingredion plant. The 
contract expires on November 24, 2023.

Capstone has several service and maintenance agreements covering the turbines in operation on various wind facilities. The 
agreements provide for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance and require annual minimum payments, subject to inflationary 
increases, as applicable.

Capstone has an O&M agreement with Regional Power OPCO Inc. (“Regional”) to operate and maintain the hydro power 
facilities. Regional is paid a monthly management fee and is eligible for an annual incentive fee. The original agreement expires 
on November 30, 2021.

Energy Savings Agreement ("ESA")

(G) 
Cardinal has an ESA with Ingredion which matures on December 31, 2034. Under the terms of the ESA, Cardinal is required to 
provide O&M services in respect of the 15 MW plant that was completed in 2017, and supply steam and compressed air to 
Ingredion for the use of its manufacturing facility. Cardinal entered into a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited in 
connection with the operation and maintenance of the 15 MW plant in order to support Cardinal's satisfaction of the O&M terms 
of the ESA.

Guarantees

(H) 
Capstone has provided limited recourse guarantees on the project debt of certain wind projects totalling $6,160 as at 
December 31, 2017. Capstone has also provided a guarantee to the former 25% owner of the Grey Highlands Clean wind facility 
which provides future contractual payments subsequent to 2019 based on operational performance up to an aggregate amount 
of $4,614. The guarantee terminates when the final payment is made on March 21, 2021.

NOTE 23.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
(A) 
Equity Transactions

Transactions with iCON

Refer to note 3 for a series of equity transactions, including the repayment of the promissory note and contribution of the 
remaining interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities from an iCON III subsidiary.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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Shared Service Arrangement

Fees earned from iCON Infrastructure Canada Inc. ("iCON Canada"), a subsidiary of iCON, under a shared service 
arrangement, are reported in the consolidated statements of income as an administrative expense recovery. During 2017, 
Capstone earned fees of $174 from iCON Canada. As at December 31, 2017, accounts receivable included $50 due from iCON 
Canada.

Compensation of Key Management

(B) 
Key management includes the Corporation's directors, Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) 
during the year. Compensation awarded to key management consisted of salaries, directors' fees, short-term employee benefits, 
long-term incentive plans, and termination benefits. 

Eligible directors and senior management of the Corporation also received forms of stock-based compensation, prior to the April 
29, 2016 acquisition by iCON III. As part of the acquisition, all vesting conditions on the stock-based compensation were satisfied 
and these were settled (refer to note 3a).

Key Management Compensation for the year ended
Salaries, directors' fees and short-term employee benefits (1)
Long-term incentive plans (2)
Termination benefits (3)

Dec 31, 2017
1,295

Dec 31, 2016
954

—
1,140

2,435

7,525

1,792

10,271

(1)  The short-term incentive plan component of this balance is based on amounts paid during the period.
(2)  The long-term incentive plan is based on amounts paid during the year. December 31, 2016 compensation includes Capstone's share-based compensation 

(DSUs, RSUs and PSUs) which were satisfied on April 29, 2016 as part of the iCON III acquisition (refer to note 3a).

(3)  As part of the iCON III acquisition on April 29, 2016, there were changes to key management resulting in termination benefits (refer to note 3a).

NOTE 24.  SEGMENTED INFORMATION
The Corporation’s business has one reportable segment, which contains the power operations in order to assess performance 
and allocate capital, as well as the remaining corporate activities. Management evaluates performance primarily on revenue, 
expenses and EBITDA. Previously, there were two other reporting segments which were sold on December 15, 2016 and March 
3, 2017, and thus presented as discontinued operations. Cash generating units within the power segment have similar economic 
characteristics based on the nature of the products or services they provide, the customers they serve, the method of distributing 
those products or services and the prevailing regulatory environment.

Segments consist of:

Power

The Corporation’s investments in natural gas, wind, hydro, biomass and solar power, as well as project development.

Discontinued operations (refer to note 3b)

Utilities – water

The regulated water services business (Bristol Water), in which the Corporation held a 50% indirect interest until December 15, 2016.

Utilities – district heating (“DH”)

The district heating business (Värmevärden), in which the Corporation holds a 33.3% indirect interest.

Geographical
Location

Canada

United Kingdom

Sweden

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017

Dec 31, 2016

Continuing Operations

Power

Corporate

Total

Discontinued 
Operations (2)

Total

Continuing Operations

Power

Corporate

Total

Discontinued 
Operations (3)

Total

Revenue (1)

Expenses

EBITDA

154,163

— 154,163

— 154,163

172,940

— 172,940

(44,322)

(8,776)

(53,098)

—

(53,098)

(60,097)

(31,981)

(92,078)

118,567

(8,512)

110,055

— 110,055

140,884

(32,635)

108,249

Interest expense

(36,668)

—

(36,668)

Income tax recovery (expense)

(4,027)

(13,514)

(17,541)

—

—

Net income (loss)

Additions to capital assets, net

Additions to PUD

11,147

17,967

14,383

(22,088)

(10,941)

129,317

118,376

—

—

17,967

14,383

—

—

(36,668)

(31,511)

(2,965)

(34,476)

(17,541)

(15,237)

19,096

17,967

35,395

14,172

(16,565)

102

3,859

18,830

14,274

— 172,940

—

(92,078)

— 108,249

—

—

(34,476)

3,859

(34,371)

(15,541)

53,590

67,864

14,383

100,547

— 100,547

— 100,547

(1)  For the year ended December 31, 2017, Whitecourt produced enough eligible power to receive $4,800 of grant funding, which was included in power revenue.
(2)  Relates to the utilities - DH segment. 
(3)  Relates the the utilities - DH and water segments. The net loss includes $34,723 from the utilities - water segment, including a goodwill impairment charge of 

$58,000. Additions to capital assets relate entirely to the utilities - water segment.

Certain comparative figures for the periods ended December 31, 2016 have been adjusted to conform with the presentation in 
the current year.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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INVESTOR INFORMATION

Quick Facts

Preferred shares outstanding

Securities exchange and symbols

Toronto Stock Exchange: CSE.PR.A

3,000,000

CONTACT INFORMATION
Address: 
155 Wellington Street West, Suite 2930
Toronto, ON M5V 3H1
www.capstoneinfrastructure.com
Email: info@capstoneinfra.com

Contacts:

Andrew Kennedy
Chief Financial Officer
Tel: 416-649-1300
Email: akennedy@capstoneinfra.com

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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