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Capstone Infrastructure Corporation

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FY2018 Annual Report · Capstone Infrastructure Corporation
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2018 ANNUAL
MD&A and Financial Statements 

MANAGEMENT’S 
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

Revenue (1), (2)
EBITDA (1), (2)
Net income (loss) (3), (4)
Preferred dividends

Total assets

Total long-term liabilities

As at and for the year ended December 31,

2018
183,629

122,676
2,304

2,452

1,131,928

806,887

2017
154,163

110,055

117,383

2,452

2016
172,940

108,249

(13,758)
3,427

1,201,910
833,882

1,147,017
785,087

(1)  Comparative figures for 2016 have been adjusted to remove amounts from discontinued operations. Without the adjustment, revenue and EBITDA were 

$364,255 and $130,190, respectively.

(2)  Revenue for 2016 includes proceeds awarded of $33,288 for Cardinal and the Ontario hydro facilities. In addition, EBITDA for 2016 includes $2,288 of interest 

income and $12,049 of associated operating expenses, which is a net impact of $23,527 in EBITDA.

(3)  Net income (loss) attributable to the common shareholders includes discontinued operations for applicable periods, but excludes non-controlling interests.
(4)  Net income for 2017 includes a $128,087 gain on the sale of Värmevärden and 2016 includes a $2,803 loss on the sale of Bristol Water.

INSIDE THIS SECTION

Financial highlights
Legal notice
Introduction
Basis of presentation
Additional GAAP performance measures
Changes in the business
Results of operations
Financial position review

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2
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6

Derivative financial instruments
Risks and uncertainties
Environmental, health and safety regulation
Related party transactions
Summary of quarterly results
Fourth quarter 2018 highlights
Accounting policies and internal controls

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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LEGAL NOTICE
This document is not an offer or invitation for the subscription or purchase of or a recommendation of securities. It does not take into account the 
investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any investors. Before making an investment in Capstone Infrastructure 
Corporation (the "Corporation"), an investor or prospective investor should consider whether such an investment is appropriate to their particular 
investment needs, objectives and financial circumstances and consult an investment adviser if necessary.

Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 
Certain of the statements contained within this document are forward-looking and reflect management’s expectations regarding the future 
growth, results of operations, performance and business of the Corporation based on information currently available to the Corporation. Forward-
looking statements are provided for the purpose of presenting information about management’s current expectations and plans relating to the 
future and readers are cautioned that such statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. These statements use forward-looking words, 
such as “anticipate”, “continue”, “could”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “believe” or other similar words, and include, among 
other things, statements found in “Results of Operations” and "Financial Position Review". These statements are subject to known and unknown 
risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements and, 
accordingly, should not be read as guarantees of future performance or results. The forward-looking statements within this document are based 
on information currently available and what the Corporation currently believes are reasonable assumptions, including the material assumptions 
set out in the management’s discussion and analysis of the results of operations and the financial condition of the Corporation (“MD&A”) for the 
year ended December 31, 2018 under the headings "Changes in the Business", “Results of Operations” and "Financial Position Review", as 
updated in subsequently filed MD&A of the Corporation (such documents are available under the Corporation’s SEDAR profile at 
www.sedar.com).

Other potential material factors or assumptions that were applied in formulating the forward-looking statements contained herein include or relate 
to the following: that the business and economic conditions affecting the Corporation’s operations will continue substantially in their current state, 
including, with respect to industry conditions, general levels of economic activity, regulations, weather, taxes and interest rates; that the preferred 
shares will remain outstanding and that dividends will continue to be paid on the preferred shares; that there will be no material delays in the 
Corporation’s wind development projects achieving commercial operation; that the Corporation’s power facilities will experience normal wind, 
hydrological and solar irradiation conditions, and ambient temperature and humidity levels; that there will be no further material changes to the 
Corporation’s facilities, equipment or contractual arrangements; that there will be no material changes in the legislative, regulatory and operating 
framework for the Corporation’s businesses; that there will be no material delays in obtaining required approvals for the Corporation’s power 
facilities; that there will be no material changes in environmental regulations for the power facilities; that there will be no significant event 
occurring outside the ordinary course of the Corporation’s businesses; the refinancing on similar terms of the Corporation’s and its subsidiaries’ 
various outstanding credit facilities and debt instruments which mature during the period in which the forward-looking statements relate; that the 
conversion rights pursuant to the convertible debenture issued in connection with the Ganaraska, Grey Highlands ZEP, Snowy Ridge and 
Settlers Landing wind facilities are exercised; market prices for electricity in Ontario and the amount of hours that the Cardinal Facility is 
dispatched; and the price that the Whitecourt Biomass Facility will receive for its electricity production considering the market price for electricity 
in Alberta, and the Whitecourt Biomass Facility’s agreement with Millar Western, which includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price 
received for electricity sold by the facility.

Although the Corporation believes that it has a reasonable basis for the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements, actual results 
may differ from those suggested by the forward-looking statements for various reasons, including: risks related to the Corporation’s securities 
(controlling shareholder; dividends on common shares and preferred shares are not guaranteed; and volatile market price for the Corporation’s 
securities); risks related to the Corporation and its businesses (availability of debt and equity financing; default under credit agreements and debt 
instruments; geographic concentration; acquisitions, development and integration; environmental, health and safety; changes in legislation and 
administrative policy; and reliance on key personnel); and risks related to the Corporation’s power facilities (power purchase agreements; 
operational performance; market price for electricity; contract performance and reliance on suppliers; completion of the Corporation’s wind 
development projects; land tenure and related rights; environmental; and regulatory environment).

For a comprehensive description of these risk factors, please refer to the “Risk Factors” section of the Corporation’s Annual Information Form 
dated March 21, 2018, as supplemented by disclosure of risk factors contained in any subsequent annual information form, material change 
reports (except confidential material change reports), business acquisition reports, interim financial statements, interim management's discussion 
and analysis and information circulars filed by the Corporation with the securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada (which are 
available under the Corporation’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com).

The assumptions, risks and uncertainties described above are not exhaustive and other events and risk factors could cause actual results to 
differ materially from the results and events discussed in the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements within this document 
reflect current expectations of the Corporation as at the date of this document and speak only as at the date of this document. Except as may be 
required by applicable law, the Corporation does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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INTRODUCTION
Management’s discussion and analysis ("MD&A") summarizes Capstone Infrastructure Corporation's (the "Corporation" or 
"Capstone") consolidated financial position, operating results and cash flows as at and for the years ended December 31, 2018 
and 2017.

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation 
and notes thereto as at and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. Additional information about the Corporation, 
including its Annual Information Form ("AIF") for the year ended December 31, 2017, quarterly financial reports and other public 
filings of the Corporation are available under the Corporation’s profile on the Canadian Securities Administrators' System for 
Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval ("SEDAR") website at www.sedar.com.

This MD&A is dated March 7, 2019, the date on which this MD&A was approved by the Corporation's Board of Directors.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Financial information in this MD&A is prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") and 
amounts are in Canadian thousands of dollars or thousands of share amounts unless otherwise indicated.

Discontinued Operations

On March 3, 2017, Capstone sold its interest in Värmevärden, resulting in the utilities - district heating segment being presented 
as a discontinued operation in the statements of income and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Business Acquisition

On December 31, 2017, Capstone acquired the remaining interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities, resulting in the 
consolidation of these entities' balances and results with Capstone's other subsidiaries subsequent to December 31, 2017.

Foreign Currency Translation and Presentation

Amounts included in the consolidated financial statements of each entity in the Corporation are measured using the currency of 
the primary economic environment in which the entity operates ("functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in Canadian dollars ("presentation currency"), which is Capstone's functional currency. Capstone used a rate of 
0.1484 to translate amounts in Swedish Krona relating to the disposal of its interest in Värmevärden. Since the disposal 
Capstone holds limited amounts of foreign currency.

ADDITIONAL GAAP PERFORMANCE MEASURES DEFINITIONS 
While the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, this MD&A also 
contains EBITDA, a performance measure not defined by IFRS. EBITDA is an additional GAAP performance measure and does 
not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and is, therefore, unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented 
by other issuers. The Corporation believes that this indicator is useful since it provides additional information about the 
Corporation's earnings performance and facilitates comparison of results over different periods. EBITDA is defined as earnings 
(loss) before financing costs, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA includes earnings (loss) related to the 
non-controlling interest ("NCI"), interest income, and other gains and losses (net). EBITDA represents Capstone's capacity to 
generate income from operations before taking into account management's financing decisions and costs of consuming tangible 
capital assets and intangible assets, which vary according to their age, technology, and management’s estimate of their useful 
life. EBITDA is presented on the consolidated statement of income.

CHANGES IN THE BUSINESS
In 2018, Capstone was successful in executing a new long-term Electricity Purchase Agreement ("EPA") for the Sechelt Creek 
facility, in its application to Alberta's extended Bioenergy Producer Program ("BPP") at Whitecourt and in securing Renewable 
Electricity Support Agreements ("RESA") for the Buffalo Atlee wind development projects.

Sechelt Creek Facility EPA
On February 1, 2018, the Sechelt Creek facility executed a new long-term EPA with BC Hydro, subject to regulatory approval. 
The new EPA extends to March 1, 2058 at a price lower than the original EPA, which expired on February 28, 2017.

Whitecourt Bioenergy Producer Program
On June 7, 2018, the Government of Alberta approved Whitecourt's application to the BPP. Whitecourt expects to receive grant 
funding of up to $9,172 for contributing to Alberta’s bioenergy production capacity over the two and a half year program, which 
ends in March 2020. As at December 31, 2018, Capstone produced enough power to be eligible for $3,553 of BPP grant funding 
for the year, of which $2,821 was received and the remainder is accrued for in revenue.

Project Development
Capstone continues to pursue projects at all stages of development and is actively progressing a number of projects.

On December 17, 2018, Capstone and its partner Sawridge First Nation ("Sawridge") announced that their Buffalo Atlee wind 
development projects located near Jenner, Alberta (combined 48 MW gross) were selected by the Alberta Electricity System 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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Operator in a competitive bidding process for the second round of the Renewable Electricity Program. Capstone and Sawridge 
were awarded and executed three RESA for their Buffalo Atlee 1, 2 and 3 projects (collectively the "Buffalo Atlee" projects).

In addition, Capstone's contracted development pipeline also includes the Riverhurst wind project, a 10 MW facility located in 
Saskatchewan, which is expected to reach commercial operation ("COD") in 2020.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Watford Wind Facility Acquisition
On February 1, 2019, Capstone acquired the assets of the Watford Wind Facility from Zephyr Farms Limited. The 10MW 
operating wind facility is located near the municipality of Brooke-Alvinston in Ontario and operates under a power purchase 
agreement ("PPA") that expires in 2032. Funding for the asset purchase came from existing cash.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
In 2018, Capstone's EBITDA and net income from continuing operations were higher than in 2017. Higher EBITDA from 
Capstone's continuing operations reflects:

•  Higher power segment results, primarily due to Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick, which were equity accounted investments prior to 
the acquisition of the remaining ownership interests on December 31, 2017. In addition, higher revenue from Whitecourt, 
due to higher power rates and production, and Cardinal, due to higher market revenues; and

•  Higher interest income from the settlement of a formerly impaired loan receivable; partially offset by

•  Declines in the Whitecourt embedded derivative and government grants, which were earned for fewer months than in 2017.

Revenue

Expenses

Other income and expenses

EBITDA
Interest expense

Depreciation and amortization

Income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
Net income from discontinued operations

Net income

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
183,629

Dec 31, 2017
154,163

(60,838)
(115)
122,676

(38,797)

(77,967)

(2,015)
3,897

—
3,897

(53,098)
8,990

110,055

(36,668)

(66,787)

(17,541)

(10,941)
129,317

118,376

Change
29,466
(7,740)
(9,105)
12,621
(2,129)
(11,180)
15,526

14,838
(129,317)
(114,479)

The remaining material changes in net income from Capstone's continuing operations were:

•  Higher interest expense, depreciation and amortization, primarily due to Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick;

• 

• 

Lower income tax expense, primarily attributable to the sale of Värmevärden in 2017; and

Lower net income from discontinued operations, primarily reflecting the 2017 gain on sale of Värmevärden.

Results by Segment
Capstone’s MD&A discusses the results of the Canadian power segment, as well as the corporate activities. The power segment 
consists of operating and development activities. The operating facilities produce electricity from natural gas, wind, biomass, 
hydro and solar resources, and are located in Ontario, Nova Scotia, Alberta, British Columbia and Québec. 

Corporate activities primarily comprise growth initiatives, capital structure expenses not specifically attributed to the facilities and 
costs to manage, oversee and report on the facilities.

The utilities - district heating segment is presented as a discontinued operation resulting from Capstone's sale of the investment 
in 2017.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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Revenue
Capstone's revenue is mainly driven by the generation and sale of electricity through long-term power contracts. 

Revenue

Wind (1)
Gas

Hydro

Solar

Biomass

Total Revenue

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
113,566
25,269

14,333

15,059

15,402

Dec 31, 2017
93,512

Change
20,054

21,160

15,104

15,747

8,640

4,109
(771)
(688)
6,762

183,629

154,163

29,466

(1)  Wind revenue for 2017 excludes the results of the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities, which were equity accounted.

Power generated (GWh)

For the year ended

Wind (1)
Gas

Hydro

Solar
Biomass

Total Power

Dec 31, 2018
1,012.5
78.9

164.5

35.8
191.8

Dec 31, 2017
827.4

Change
185.1

37.4

176.4

36.7
142.5

41.5
(11.9)
(0.9)
49.3

263.1

1,483.5

1,220.4

(1)  Wind production for 2017 excludes the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities.

Capstone's power segment earns revenue from:

• 

The wind facilities, which are located in Ontario, Nova Scotia and Québec, by producing and selling electricity in 
accordance with their PPAs with government agencies or regulated credit-worthy counterparties. On a megawatt ("MW") 
weighted-average-basis, the wind facilities have 14 years remaining on the current PPAs, with the earliest expiry in 2020.

•  Cardinal, a natural gas peaking facility located in Ontario, from fixed payments for providing capacity and availability to the 
IESO with a 2034 power contract expiry and by supplying electricity to the Ontario grid when it is profitable to do so. In 
addition, Cardinal receives a fixed amount (subject to escalation) to provide operational and maintenance services to 
Ingredion's 15MW facility.

• 

Amherstburg Solar Park, a solar facility located in Ontario, and the four hydro facilities located in Ontario and British 
Columbia, by generating and selling electricity under long-term PPAs. On a MW weighted-average-basis, the hydro 
facilities have 28 years remaining on the current PPAs. The Amherstburg Solar Park PPA expires in 2031.

•  Whitecourt, a biomass facility located in Alberta, by selling electricity at market rates to the Alberta Power Pool. Whitecourt 

also earns a portion of its revenue from government grants and the sale of renewable energy credits. These are 
supplemented or offset by a revenue sharing agreement with Whitecourt's fuel supplier, Millar Western, where contractual 
settlements are included in other gains and losses in the consolidated statement of income.

The following table shows the significant changes in revenue from 2017:

Change Explanations

21,485 Higher revenue from Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick, which were equity accounted investments until December 31, 2017.

6,581 Higher revenue from Whitecourt due to higher Alberta Power Pool prices as well as higher production because of the plant

refurbishment in 2017.

3,908 Higher revenue from Cardinal due to more runs as well as higher revenue to operate Ingredion's 15 MW facility, which 

commenced operations on November 24, 2017.

1,155 Higher revenue from Settlers Landing, which reached COD on April 5, 2017.

(2,574) Lower revenue from the operating wind facilities (excluding Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick) due to lower production, reflecting lower

wind resources in 2018.

(1,247) Lower revenue from Whitecourt due to fewer months of BPP funding earned in 2018.

158 Various other changes.

29,466 Change in revenue.

Seasonality

Overall, the results for Capstone’s power segment fluctuate during the year because of seasonal factors that affect quarterly 
production of each facility. These factors include scheduled maintenance and environmental factors such as water flows, solar 
irradiation, wind speeds and air density, ambient temperature and humidity, which affect the amount of electricity generated. In 
aggregate, these factors have historically resulted in higher electricity production during the first and fourth quarters.

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Expenses
Expenses consist of expenditures within the power segment relating to operating expenses and costs to develop new projects, 
as well as corporate business development and administrative expenses.

Expenses

Wind (1)
Gas

Hydro

Solar

Biomass

Power operating expenses
Power

Corporate

Project development costs

Administrative expenses

Total Expenses

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
(22,185)

Dec 31, 2017
(16,277)

(13,666)

(4,151)

(1,043)

(9,343)

(50,388)

(1,602)

(1,319)

(2,921)

(7,529)

(60,838)

(11,487)
(4,258)
(961)
(9,307)
(42,290)
(1,557)
(533)
(2,090)
(8,718)
(53,098)

Change
(5,908)
(2,179)
107
(82)
(36)
(8,098)
(45)
(786)
(831)
1,189
(7,740)

(1)  Wind expenses for 2017 excludes the results of the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities, which were equity accounted.

Expenses for the operation and maintenance ("O&M") of the power facilities mainly consist of wages and benefits and payments 
to third party providers. The hydro facilities are operated and maintained under an O&M agreement. Capstone's wind facilities 
are operated by Capstone's staff and maintained under service agreements, typically with the original equipment manufacturers, 
except for the Erie Shores wind facility, which has an internalized service function. In addition, Cardinal, Whitecourt and 
Amherstburg rely on the internal capabilities and experience of Capstone's staff. The remaining significant costs include fuel, 
transportation, insurance, utilities, land leases, raw materials, chemicals, supplies and property taxes.

Project development costs consist of professional fees and other costs to pursue greenfield opportunities, as well as costs to 
explore and execute transactions. Administrative expenses comprise of staff costs, professional fees for legal, audit and tax, as 
well as certain office administration and premises costs.

The following table shows the significant changes in expenses from 2017: 

Change Explanations

(4,561) Higher operating expenses from Glen Dhu, which was an equity accounted investment until December 31, 2017.

(2,808) Higher operating expenses at Cardinal due to more runs as well as costs to operate Ingredion's 15 MW facility, which 

commenced operations on November 24, 2017.

(1,125) Higher operating expenses at SkyGen due to insurance recoveries in 2017.

1,228 Lower staff costs within administrative expenses related to employee separation costs in 2017.

(474) Various other changes.

(7,740) Change in expenses.

FINANCIAL POSITION REVIEW
Overview
As at December 31, 2018, Capstone's working capital was $60,870, compared with $10,372 as at December 31, 2017. During 
the year, the SkyGen and Skyway 8 project debt was refinanced, reducing the current portion of long-term debt by $36,253. In 
addition, Capstone repaid $20,915 on the CPC credit facilities and reduced the letters of credit by $9,047, increasing the 
available capacity on the CPC credit facilities to $58,141. 

Capstone and its subsidiaries continue to comply with all debt covenants.

Liquidity
Working capital

As at
Power

Corporate

Working capital (equals current assets, less current liabilities)

Dec 31, 2018
57,306

Dec 31, 2017
2,409

3,564

60,870

7,963

10,372

Capstone's working capital was $50,498 higher than December 31, 2017 due to an increase of $54,897 for the power segment, 
partially offset by a $4,399 decrease at corporate. The power segment increase primarily reflects a decrease in the current 
portion of long term debt due to a $36,253 refinancing at SkyGen and Skyway 8. In addition, there was higher cash of $16,748, 
higher restricted cash $694, and lower accruals of $3,226 due to payments made upon completing the Whitecourt refurbishment. 

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The remaining difference mainly reflects the use of other assets. The corporate decrease primarily reflects lower cash due to 
contributions for the Whitecourt refurbishment and, to a lesser extent, the timing of receipts and payments.

Cash and cash equivalents

As at
Power

Corporate

Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents

Dec 31, 2018
70,574

Dec 31, 2017
53,826

5,767

76,341

10,257

64,083

These funds are available for operating activities, capital expenditures and future acquisitions. The $12,258 increase consists of 
a $16,748 increase from the power segment, partially offset by a $4,490 decrease at corporate. Higher cash at the power 
segment reflects accumulation of asset distributions, partially offset by the repayment of $20,915 on the CPC credit facilities. The 
decrease at corporate reflects contributions to Whitecourt to pay for the refurbishment and settling year-end liabilities. In addition 
to these funds, the CPC revolving credit facility has an available capacity of $58,141, as at December 31, 2018.

Cash at the power segment of $70,574 is only periodically accessible by corporate through distributions. The power segment's 
cash and cash equivalents are accessible through distributions under the terms of the CPC credit facilities, which allows for 
distributions, subject to certain conditions. In turn, CPC receives distributions from its subsidiary power assets, which are subject 
to the terms of their project-specific credit agreements.

Cash flow

Capstone’s consolidated cash and cash equivalents increased by $12,258 in 2018 compared with an increase of $1,837 in 2017. 
The components of the change in cash, as presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows, from both continuing and 
discontinued operations, are summarized as follows:

For the year ended
Operating activities

Investing activities

Financing activities (excluding dividends to shareholders)

Dividends paid to shareholders

Change in cash and cash equivalents

Dec 31, 2018
93,098
(5,508)
(72,880)
(2,452)
12,258

Dec 31, 2017
73,125

(23,040)

(45,796)
(2,452)
1,837

Cash flow from operating activities was $19,973 higher in 2018, and $21,345 higher excluding discontinued operations. The 
increase from continuing operations consists of $24,458 of higher power segment cash flows, partially offset by $3,113 of lower 
corporate cash flows. The increase in power segment cash flows reflects higher revenue from Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick, which 
were equity accounted investments in 2017, higher market revenues in response to higher demand at Cardinal, and higher 
revenue at Whitecourt due to higher prices and production. In addition, there was higher interest income from the settlement of a 
formerly impaired loan receivable. The decrease in corporate cash flows is primarily attributable to changes in current liabilities.

Cash flows from discontinued operations consisted of the Värmevärden results prior to its sale in March 2017. 

Cash flow used in investing activities was $17,532 lower in 2018 primarily due to $17,443 of lower cash as there was no 
construction at Settlers Landing in 2018, as well as $12,004 of lower capital asset additions related to payments for the 
Whitecourt refurbishment. This was partially offset by a lower release of restricted cash of $5,989, which resulted from a change 
to cash funding certain hydro facilities reserves and the release of construction reserves at GHG, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy 
Ridge and Settlers Landing in 2017. In addition, the acquisition of the remaining 51% ownership interest in Glen Dhu and 
Fitzpatrick contributed lower cash of $3,574 as well as lower dividends from equity accounted investments of $2,352 in 2018.

Cash flow used in financing activities was $27,084 higher in 2018, and $115,114 lower excluding discontinued operations. 
Cash used in the continuing operations were lower primarily due to a $131,968 return of capital to Irving Infrastructure Corp. 
("Irving") and a $10,370 cash repayment of the Irving promissory note in 2017, as well as lower debt payments of $17,855 as a 
result of the corporate debt refinancing completed in December 2017. These were partially offset by lower proceeds from debt 
draws of $46,471 due to the refinancing at SkyGen and Skyway 8 in 2018, compared to the corporate debt refinancing in 2017.

Cash flows from discontinued operations in 2017 consisted of $142,198 of proceeds received on the sale of Värmevärden.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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Long-term Debt

Continuity of Capstone's long-term debt for the year ended was:

Long-term debt (1), (2)

Deferred financing fees

Less: current portion of long-term debt (3), (4)

Dec 31, 2017

Additions

Repayments

Other

Dec 31, 2018

833,690

(15,148)

818,542

(86,208)

732,334

37,246

(93)

37,153

—

37,153

(103,277)

—

(103,277)

5,000

(98,277)

906

1,370

2,276

31,853

34,129

768,565

(13,871)

754,694

(49,355)

705,339

(1)  Repayments of $103,277 include a $15,915 repayment for the CPC revolving credit facility, as well as scheduled repayments.
(2)  The power segment has a cumulative $51,168 utilized on its letter of credit facilities.
(3)  Repayments are for the CPC term credit facility.
(4)  Other reflects a $36,253 decrease in the current portion due to debt refinancing at SkyGen and Skyway 8.

As at December 31, 2018, Capstone's long-term debt consisted of $45,000 for the CPC credit facilities and $723,565 of project 
debt. The current portion of long-term debt was $49,355, consisting of scheduled debt amortization. Capstone expects to repay 
the scheduled amortization from income generated by the power assets. On July 17, 2018, the SkyGen and Skyway 8 project 
debts were refinanced. The new debt matures in 2021 and amortizes over the same period as the prior debt, carrying a fixed 
interest rate of 4.90%.

CPC is subject to customary covenants, including specific limitations on leverage and interest coverage ratios. All of the power 
segment's project debt is non-recourse to Capstone, except for certain limited recourse guarantees provided to the lenders of the 
various facilities.

Equity
Shareholders’ equity comprised:

As at
Common shares
Preferred shares (1)
Share capital

Retained earnings

Equity attributable to Capstone shareholders

Non-controlling interests

Total shareholders’ equity

Dec 31, 2018
62,270

Dec 31, 2017
62,270

72,020

134,290

71,842

206,132

50,086

256,218

72,020

134,290

72,024

206,314

55,249

261,563

(1)  Capstone has 3,000 publicly listed Series A preferred shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Contractual Obligations

As at December 31, 2018, Capstone had outstanding contractual obligations with amounts due as follows:

Long-term debt (1)
Operating leases
Asset retirement obligations
Purchase obligations

Total contractual obligations

99,444

(1)  Long-term debt includes principal and interest payments.

Long-term debt

Within one year One year to five years
353,489
18,271

80,777

4,503
—
14,164

 Beyond five years
602,333
37,013
15,318
5,590

 Total
1,036,599

59,787
15,318
48,858

660,254

1,160,562

—
29,104

400,864

• 

Long-term debt is discussed on page 8 "Long-term Debt" in this MD&A.

Operating leases

The following leases have been included in the table based on known minimum operating lease commitments:

•  Capstone's operating wind facilities and wind development projects have entered into agreements for the use, or option to 

use, land in connection with the operation of existing and future wind facilities. Payment under these agreements is typically 
a minimum amount with additional payments dependent on the amount of power generated by the wind facility. The 
agreements can be renewed and extend as far as 2061.

•  Cardinal leases the site on which it is located from Ingredion. Under the lease, Cardinal pays monthly rent. The lease 
extends through 2034 and expires concurrently with the Energy Savings Agreement between Ingredion and Cardinal. 

• 

Amherstburg leases the land on which its operating facilities are located. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2036. 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 8

• 

The Corporation has an operating lease for the corporate office ending in 2023.

Capstone's operating lease commitments with no minimum operating lease commitments required are:

•  Capstone has agreements with the Provinces of Ontario and British Columbia for the lease of certain lands and water rights 
necessary for the operation of its hydro power facilities. The payments under these agreements vary based on actual power 
production. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2033 and 2042. 

Asset retirement obligations

Commitments associated with our asset retirement obligations for Capstone's power facilities are projected to occur principally 
over the next 25 years.

Purchase obligations

Capstone enters into contractual commitments in the normal course of business, either directly or through its subsidiaries. These 
contracts include capital commitments and operations and maintenance ("O&M") agreements:

O&M agreements

•  Cardinal has a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited covering the gas turbine at Ingredion's 15 MW facility. 

The contract expires on November 24, 2023.

•  Capstone has several service and maintenance agreements covering the turbines in operation on various wind facilities. 
The agreements provide for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance and require annual minimum payments, subject to 
inflationary increases, as applicable.

•  Capstone has an O&M agreement with Regional Power OPCO Inc. ("Regional") to operate and maintain the hydro power 

facilities. Regional is paid a monthly management fee and is eligible for an annual incentive fee. The agreement expires 
on November 30, 2021.

Other commitments

In addition to the commitments included in the table on page 8, Capstone has the following other commitments with no fixed 
minimum payments:

Power Purchase Agreements

A significant portion of the Corporation's electricity revenue is earned through long-term PPAs. The majority of these contracts 
include terms and conditions customary to the industry. For Cardinal's contract, the nature of commitments includes: electricity 
capacity; availability; and production targets. For the remaining power facilities, Capstone is not obligated to deliver electricity; 
however, in certain circumstances, if a facility fails to meet the performance requirements, the operating facilities' PPA may be 
terminated after a specified period of time.

Management services agreements

Capstone has agreements with all the partially owned wind facilities and development projects, including Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Goulais, GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing. For the operating projects, these agreements are primarily for 
the provision of management and administration services and are based on an agreed percentage of revenue. The 
development projects additionally include a development fee for the successful completion of the projects, which pays an 
agreed fee per MW on completion of development.

Wood waste supply agreement

The Whitecourt and Millar Western fuel supply agreement for wood waste includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price 
received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

Energy savings agreement ("ESA")

Cardinal has an ESA with Ingredion which matures on December 31, 2034. Under the terms of the ESA, Cardinal is required 
to provide O&M services in respect of Ingredion's 15 MW facility, and supply steam and compressed air to Ingredion for the 
use of its manufacturing facility. Cardinal entered into a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited in connection with 
the operation and maintenance of the 15 MW plant in order to support Cardinal's satisfaction of the O&M terms of the ESA.

Guarantees

Capstone has provided limited recourse guarantees on the project debt of certain wind projects totalling $6,000 as at 
December 31, 2018. Capstone has also provided a guarantee to the former 25% owner of the Grey Highlands Clean wind 
facility which provides future contractual payments based on operational performance up to a maximum amount of $4,614. 
The guarantee terminates when the final payment is made, on or prior to March 21, 2021.

There have been no other significant changes to the specified contractual obligations that are outside the ordinary course of 
business. Capstone is not engaged in any off-balance sheet financing transactions. Due to the nature of their operations, the 
Facilities are not expected to incur material contingent liabilities upon the retirement of assets.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 9

Capital Asset Expenditure Program
Capstone incurred $4,400 of capital asset expenditures during 2018, which included $3,535 of additions to capital assets and 
$865 of additions to projects under development. Capstone's capital expenditures were:

Power

Corporate

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
4,400

Dec 31, 2017
32,305

—
4,400

45
32,350

Income Taxes
In 2018, the current income tax expense was $270 (2017 - $371), which primarily relates to current tax on interest income from 
the settlement of loans receivable.

Capstone's total deferred income tax asset of $125 primarily relates to unused tax losses carried forward (2017 - nil). Deferred 
income tax liabilities of $89,962 (2017 - $89,243) primarily relate to the differences between the amortization of intangible and 
capital assets for tax and accounting purposes.

In 2018, Capstone’s net deferred income tax liability increased by $594 primarily due to the utilization of tax losses, partially 
offset by the differences between accounting and tax amortization claimed during the year.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Capstone has exposure to market, credit and liquidity risks from its use of financial instruments as described in note 7 financial 
instruments and note 8 financial risk management in the consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 
December 31, 2018. These notes contain further details on the implicit risks and valuation methodology employed for Capstone’s 
financial instruments.

To manage the certain financial risks inherent in the business, Capstone enters into derivative contracts primarily to mitigate the 
economic impact of the fluctuations in interest rates. The fair values of these contracts, as well as the Whitecourt embedded 
derivative included in the consolidated statement of financial position, were:

As at
Derivative contract assets

Derivative contract liabilities

Net derivative contract assets (liabilities)

Dec 31, 2018
13,851
(2,144)
11,707

Dec 31, 2017
21,364
(2,144)
19,220

Net derivative contracts assets decreased by $7,513 from December 31, 2017, due to losses of $5,074, and contractual 
settlement payments of $2,439 received from Millar Western.

Fair value changes of derivatives in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income comprised:

For the year ended
Whitecourt embedded derivative

Interest rate swap contracts

Gains (losses) on derivatives

Dec 31, 2018
(3,489)
(1,585)
(5,074)

Dec 31, 2017
5,396

4,534

9,930

The loss on derivatives were primarily attributable to a lower embedded derivative asset at Whitecourt due to the introduction of 
Emission Performance Credits ("EPCs"). In addition, losses from the interest rate swap contracts were primarily attributable to 
lower long-term interest rates since December 31, 2017. 

RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Introduction
Risk is an inevitable aspect of operating any business. Decisions that balance risk exposure with intended financial rewards 
within risk tolerances are the responsibility of the Corporation's management under the supervision of the Board of Directors. 
When a risk exposure exceeds the Corporation's risk tolerance, the Corporation will, to the extent possible, take steps to 
eliminate, avoid, reduce or transfer such risk.

The Corporation recognizes the importance and benefits of timely identification, assessment and management of risks that may 
impact the Corporation's ability to achieve its strategic and financial objectives. In this respect, the Corporation is committed to 
prudent risk management practices within the context of an enterprise risk management ("ERM") framework. The Corporation 
maintains a registry of risks that is reviewed by management and the Board of Directors at least quarterly. The Corporation also 
undertakes an annual comprehensive review of its ERM framework and practices to continuously improve its risk management 
practices.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 10

What follows is a description of the Corporation's key risk governance and risk processes to support achievement of strategic 
and financial performance objectives.

Risk Management Principles and Governance
The Corporation's ERM framework is based on five core principles which establish the culture and tone that guide risk 
management decisions. Risk management is everyone's responsibility, about decision-making, embedded within existing 
management routines, about people and culture, and specific to each business unit. The Corporation's interpretation of the ERM 
framework includes the following hierarchy of responsibilities:

•  Board of Directors and Audit Committee have overall governance responsibility for 
setting and overseeing management's implementation of the risk management policy.

•  Internal Audit reports to the Audit Committee and is responsible for reviewing 

management's practices to manage risks in specific areas agreed from time to time 
between management and the Audit Committee.

•  Senior Management is responsible for ensuring the implementation of the ERM 

framework to all applicable activities and reporting to the Audit Committee.

•  Business Units are responsible for ensuring the application of a risk management 

framework to identify, monitor and report risk.

•  Risk Owners are responsible for the identification and day-to-day management and 

oversight of risks in their assigned area.

Risk Management Processes
The Corporation's framework relies on the following six key ERM processes to integrate risk management activities with strategic 
and operational planning, decision-making and day-to-day oversight of business activities.

•  Risk identification is the process of identifying and categorizing risks that could impact the Corporation's objectives.

•  Risk assessment is the process of determining the likelihood and impact of the risk. The Corporation uses a five-point 

rating scale for likelihood and impact.

•  Risk prioritization is the process of ranking risks as high, medium or low based on the net risk rating as described in the 

diagram below.

•  Risk management responses are measures taken to optimize the Corporation's net risk exposure within overall tolerance to 

achieve the desired balance between risk and reward.

•  Monitoring and reporting are the processes of assessing the effectiveness of risk management responses.

•  Training and support ensure that personnel tasked with risk management responsibilities have sufficient knowledge and 

experience to complete their risk management obligations.

The Corporation's risk management approach is comprehensive. It combines the
experience and specialized knowledge of individual business segments and
corporate oversight functions as well as various analytic tools and methodologies,
including a risk matrix (see chart to the right), to assist the Corporation in
regularly assessing and updating the net exposure (including mitigants) of each
known material risk facing the Corporation in the following four risk categories:
operational; strategic; financial; and legal and regulatory. The Corporation's
assessment process prioritizes risks.

Managing Risk
The Corporation requires that risk assessments (which encompass operational, strategic, financial and legal and regulatory 
risks) be performed for the power facilities and at the corporate level. 

In addition to these risks, there are numerous other risk factors, many of which are beyond the Corporation's control and the 
effects of which can be difficult to predict, that could be material to investors or cause the Corporation's results to differ 
significantly from its plans, objectives and estimates. For a more comprehensive list and description of the risks affecting the 
Corporation refer to the "Risk Factor" section of the Corporation's most recently filed Annual Information Form, as supplemented 
by risk factors contained in any of the following documents filed by the Corporation with securities commissions or similar 
authorities in Canada after the date of this annual MD&A, which are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com: material change 
reports; business acquisition reports; interim financial statements; and interim management's discussion and analysis.

Risks Related to the Corporation and its Businesses

Risks that have materially affected the Corporation's financial statements, or that have a reasonable likelihood of affecting them 
materially in the future, are presented in the table below. Risks specific to Capstone's power segment, as well as at the 
corporate-level, are included.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 11

Risk and Description

Operational Risks

PPA renewal risk concerns the ability to 
recontract expiring PPAs on economically 
feasible terms and failing to align with the 
useful lives of the power facilities.

Production risk concerns the 
dependence of power production on 
adequate resources such as wind, 
sunlight and water flow as well as fuel 
supply and the availability of each of the 
sites.

Development and capital expenditure 
risks concern the construction of new 
power generation facilities in line with the 
requirements of awarded PPAs and 
planned maintenance capital 
expenditures required on existing facilities 
to maintain operations.

Information technology and data 
security risk concerns the ability to 
develop, maintain and manage complex 
information technology systems which are 
used to operate and monitor its facilities 
and other business systems.

Succession and human resources 
retention risks concern the ability to 
replace senior management and attract, 
retain and motivate key staff.

Strategic Risks

Competition risk concerns the ability to 
source and complete attractive 
investment opportunities that support 
Capstone's growth initiatives within the 
power segment.

Financial Risks

Expense management risk concerns 
unexpected non-recoverable increases in 
operating and administrative costs. 

Forecasting risk concerns the accuracy 
of projections for results from operations 
due to error or unpredictable economic, 
market and specific business factors.

Taxation risk concerns higher income 
and other taxes attributable to adverse 
legislation changes, including tax rate 
increases, or interpretations by tax 
authorities on audit.

Impact

Monitoring and Mitigation

If Capstone is unsuccessful or delayed in
recontracting its expiring PPAs, it would
cause Capstone to fall short of its
financial forecasts, as revenue short-falls
could result from operating in merchant or
other markets.

Low availability, inadequate wind,
sunlight, water flow, wood waste or gas
leads to lower power production which
results in lower revenues.

Delays and cost overruns in the 
construction of new facilities or in 
performing planned maintenance or 
refurbishments could lead to lower cash 
flows, and where PPA requirements are 
not met, cancellation of the PPA resulting 
in lost revenue and impairment of any 
capitalized costs for the facility.

Cyber attacks or unauthorized access to
information technology systems may lead
to production disruptions and system
failures that, amongst other things, may
result in lower production and revenues.

Inability to retain or replace key staff or
senior management could prevent or
delay Capstone from executing its
business strategy, thereby causing
Capstone to fall short of its financial
forecasts.

Inability to source and execute attractive
growth opportunities may lead to lower
long-term cash flow as businesses
operating under finite term contracts
experience uncertainty about their longer
term cash flow potential.

Unanticipated increases in costs could
result in lower earnings and cash flow.

Volatility of financial forecasts increases
liquidity reserve requirements to pay
expenses, reducing cash flows.

Higher taxation results in both lower
income and cash flow available.

Capstone mitigates by starting negotiations with
counter-party(ies) well before contract expiry,
considering impacts of other stakeholders and working
to ensure the broader benefits of the facility are
considered in the process. In addition, company-wide
mitigation is provided by maintaining a diversified
portfolio to reduce the impact of any one facility to the
overall consolidated financial results.

Capstone maintains facilities in quality condition to
maximize availability for power generation when
renewable resources are available and strongest.
Capstone also seeks to diversify its portfolio of
businesses to mitigate the dependency on a single
resource or geography.

Capstone has professional project management
processes and uses experienced contractors and
advisors. Capstone contracts include a combination of
incentives, liquidated damages, or fixed-pricing to align
suppliers interests to project results.

Capstone follows a recognized IT framework which 
includes security and recovery plans.

In addition, certain sites are compliant with North 
American Electric Reliability Corporation standards.

Capstone mitigates this risk by having a detailed
succession plan and providing related career and
development opportunities to its employees.

Management periodically reviews and updates strategy
according to market conditions and developments.

Capstone attempts to mitigate this risk by monitoring
costs versus budgets and controlling discretionary
spending.

Capstone targets businesses which have inherently 
predictable financial results from operations.

Capstone maintains adequate levels of liquidity to 
manage during periods of uncertainty.

Capstone minimizes exposures to adverse tax rulings 
by choosing structures that adhere to taxation 
regulations, are commonly used in practice and 
wherever practical supported by opinions of external 
advisers.

In addition, Capstone monitors the trends and policies 
of taxation authorities in the jurisdictions where its 
businesses operate.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 12

Risk and Description

Impact

Monitoring and Mitigation

Financing risk concerns the ability to 
access timely and cost effective debt or 
equity to support the development and 
construction of power facilities, business 
acquisitions and replace maturing debt.

Inability to access cost-effective debt or 
equity could result in higher interest costs, 
lower cash flow or liquidity difficulties.

For an acquisition, this could also prevent 
Capstone from realizing a growth 
opportunity.

Capstone maintains relationships with multiple financial
institutions that have the resources to provide some or
all financing requirements. In addition, most existing
project debt amortizes over the term of the PPAs to
minimize refinancing requirements and debt maturities
are staggered.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

Contract and permit compliance risk 
concerns the ability to operate Capstone's 
power businesses within the allowances 
of an increasing number of requirements.

Failure to comply with contracts and
permits can impact Capstone's power
contracts, debt facilities, and other
agreements, which can lead to lower cash
flow from the existing businesses by
reducing revenue or increasing costs to
restore the ability to operate at capacity.

Capstone maintains its contracts, permits and licenses,
works with knowledgeable contractors and responds to
adverse findings promptly to minimize the impact.

ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATION
Capstone's power facilities (collectively the "Facilities") hold all material permits and approvals required for their operation and 
maintenance. All assets are managed to comply with health, safety and environmental ("HSE") laws in addition to Capstone's 
corporate and facility-specific HSE policies. 

The Facilities are subject to robust and stringent environmental, health and safety regulatory regimes, which focus on:

•  Commitment to identify, eliminate, mitigate and manage health and safety issues for all workers, visitors, nearby landowners 

and other personnel at each of the Facilities;

•  Regulatory compliance of emissions and discharges related to air, noise, water, and sewage;

• 

Proper storage, handling, use, transportation and distribution of dangerous goods and hazardous and residual materials 
including the prevention of releases of these materials to the environment; 

•  Management of construction and operation related permits to ensure compliance with all HSE regulations; and

• 

Protection of the natural and built environment.

Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases and Policy Changes
Due to the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide ("CO2") and nitrous oxides ("NOx"), some of the Facilities, 
specifically the Cardinal and Whitecourt facilities, have an ongoing operational impact on the environment. All Facilities comply in 
all material respects with the applicable Canadian and provincial legislation and guidelines regarding greenhouse gases and 
other emissions. Capstone monitors the potential impact of future changes to environmental legislation and guidelines by 
remaining diligent in the operation of the Facilities, including implementing stringent policies and procedures to prevent the 
contravention of permits and approvals. The Canadian federal government ratified the Paris Accord, negotiated under the United 
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in the fall of 2016. Pursuant to the Paris Accord, the parties committed, in a 
non-binding manner, to accelerate actions and investments needed to limit global average temperatures to below 2°C above pre-
industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C.

In late 2016, Canada and its provinces, other than Saskatchewan and Manitoba, agreed to the Pan-Canadian Framework on 
Clean Growth and Climate Change ("Framework"). Manitoba subsequently signed onto the Framework, whereas Ontario and 
Alberta have since pulled out of it. The Framework is the blueprint by which the federal government and the provinces will 
attempt to meet Canada’s commitment under the Paris Accord. Elements of the Framework include all provincial jurisdictions 
being required to price carbon by 2018. However, provincial jurisdictions have the flexibility to implement a variety of carbon 
regimes ranging from price-based regimes such as a carbon tax, to performance-based emissions regimes  such as cap and 
trade. For jurisdictions with a price-based regime, the price should at least start at $10/tonne in 2018 and rise by $10/tonne each 
year to $50/tonne by 2022. As a regulatory backstop, the federal government has also enacted the Greenhouse Gas Pollution 
Pricing Act ("GGPPA"), which introduces a carbon pricing regime to those provinces that fail to implement adequate provincial 
measures.

In Alberta, under the Carbon Competitiveness and Incentive Regulation ("CCIR"), regulated facilities that emit 100,000 tonnes of 
greenhouse gases per annum or more must meet greenhouse gas emissions thresholds. If they cannot do so through 
operational improvements, they can purchase emissions offsets from qualified offset facilities. Once operating, Capstone's 
Alberta-based wind development projects are all eligible to produce valid offsets under the CCIR. The Alberta Climate 
Leadership Act was proclaimed in force as of January 1, 2017. It imposes a carbon levy on certain fuels, such as natural gas and 
oil, imported into the Province or sold in the Province. This legislation will not have a direct effect on renewable generation 
including the Whitecourt facility.

On July 3, 2018, Ontario announced the revocation of its previously enacted cap and trade program. Ontario has not yet 
implemented a replacement greenhouse gas regime. Therefore, the provisions of the GGPPA may apply to Ontario. As indicated 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 13

above, Ontario has initiated judicial proceedings to challenge the constitutionality of the GGPPA and is in the process of 
developing and implementing an alternative provincial regime.

Saskatchewan and Ontario have subsequently launched constitutional challenges to the GGPPA, the results of which could 
significantly impact how greenhouse gas emissions are regulated in Canada. Capstone continues to monitor potential 
implications of this issue on its business.

Cardinal
There is currently no restriction on the amount of CO2 that the Cardinal facility may emit, although the facility is required to report 
its CO2 emissions under various federal and provincial regulations. Environmental regulations in Ontario also provide for, among 
other things, the reporting, allocation and retirement of NOx emissions. NOx emissions from Cardinal's generating equipment are 
lower than the levels mandated by legislation.

Whitecourt

The Whitecourt facility uses biomass combustion technology to convert the energy content in wood waste into electricity. 
Biomass is generally considered to be carbon-neutral as the amount of CO2 arising from combustion is equal to what would be 
emitted if the biomass were to decompose naturally. As a result, electricity generated from biomass is regarded as an 
environmentally friendly form of power generation. The Whitecourt facility is subject to limits governing the emissions of carbon 
monoxide, NOx and particulates in accordance with the facility's Environmental Approval. Average annual emission levels at the 
Whitecourt facility are below the levels of permitted emissions for it. The Whitecourt facility is also subject to certain federal and 
provincial greenhouse gas reporting requirements and is in compliance with these requirements.

Hydro Facilities

Capstone's hydro facilities do not produce greenhouse gases. However, their operations are governed by water management 
plans and/or water licenses, which specify the hydrological conditions during which production may occur. 

Wind Facilities

Capstone's wind facilities do not produce greenhouse gases, but are subject to regulations and/or approvals relating to the 
natural and built environment. 

Amherstburg Solar Park

The operation of Amherstburg does not generate greenhouse gases. 

Further information regarding Environmental, Safety and Health Regulations matters is contained in the Corporation's Annual 
Information Form (which is available under the Corporation's profile on www.sedar.com).

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Capstone's 2018 related party transactions and balances are primarily comprised of transactions with iCON Infrastructure LLP 
and subsidiaries ("iCON") and compensation to key management.

Shared Service Arrangement with iCON
Fees earned from iCON Infrastructure Canada Inc. ("iCON Canada"), a subsidiary of iCON, under a shared service 
arrangement, are reported in the consolidated statements of income as an administrative expense recovery. During 2018, 
Capstone earned fees of $232 from iCON Canada (2017 - $174).

Compensation of Key Management
Key management includes the Corporation's directors, Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") 
during the year. Compensation awarded to key management consisted of salaries, directors' fees, short-term employee benefits, 
long-term incentive plans, and termination benefits. Key management compensation is described in note 24 related party 
transactions in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Linking Management Compensation to Performance
Compensation plays an important role in achieving short- and long-term business objectives that ultimately drive the 
Corporation’s business success in alignment with long-term shareholder goals. The objectives of the Corporation's compensation 
program are to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

Attract and retain highly qualified employees with a history of proven success;

Align the interests of employees with shareholders’ interests and with the execution of the Corporation’s business strategy;

Establish performance goals that, if met, are expected to improve long-term shareholder value; and

Tie compensation to those goals and provide meaningful rewards for achieving them.

Corporate performance targets are set each year to provide management with an incentive to exceed annual budgeted financial 
results and other business performance measures and are therefore aligned with shareholder interests.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 14

The following table summarizes the link between the Corporation's executive and senior officer forms of compensation and 
performance:

Salary

Short-term incentive plan ("STIP")

Long-term incentive plan ("LTIP")

Description

Salary is a fixed component of
compensation that provides income
certainty by establishing a base level of
compensation for executives fulfilling
their roles and responsibilities.

The STIP provides the possibility of an
additional annual cash award based on
the achievement of corporate and
individual goals.

Purpose

To attract and retain qualified
executives.

To motivate, attract and retain qualified
executives.

Link to
performance

No direct link.

A significant portion of this award is
based on actual business performance
against Capstone's internal
performance measures.

Capstone has a discretionary LTIP and
share appreciation rights ("SAR") plan tied
to long-term growth to motivate and retain
executives on a long-term basis. The
awards are paid in cash after meeting
certain vesting conditions.

To reward long-term performance and align
interests of executives with security
holders.

The discretionary LTIP is not directly linked
to performance. The SAR is directly linked
to the long-term increase in the
Corporation's value upon a sale
transaction.

For a comprehensive understanding of Capstone's compensation program refer to the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" 
section of the Corporation's most recently filed AIF.

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS
The following table provides a summary of the previous eight quarters of Capstone’s financial performance.

Revenue

EBITDA
Net income (loss) (1), (2)

Preferred dividends

2018

2017

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q4

Q3

Q2

49,991

29,018

(668)

613

39,951

31,262

272

613

44,817

31,061

1,386

613

48,870

31,335

1,314

613

41,561

28,529

1,287

613

29,089

22,221

(2,125)

613

40,380

30,176

3,285

613

Q1

43,133

29,129

114,936

613

(1)  Net income (loss) attributable to the common shareholders includes discontinued operations for applicable periods, but excludes non-controlling interests.
(2)  Net income includes a gain on the sale of Värmevärden of $128,087 in Q1 2017.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 15

FOURTH QUARTER 2018 HIGHLIGHTS

Revenue
Operating expenses

Administrative expenses

Project development costs

Equity accounted income

Interest income

Other gains and (losses), net

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
Interest expense

Depreciation of capital assets

Amortization of intangible assets

Earnings (loss) before income taxes

Income tax recovery (expense)

Current
Deferred

Total income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to:
Shareholders of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

Three months ended

Dec 31, 2018
49,991

Dec 31, 2017
41,561

(12,122)
(2,239)
(1,019)
—
408
(6,015)
14
29,018
(9,990)
(16,627)
(2,684)
(283)

208
(418)
(210)
(493)

(668)
175
(493)

(10,486)
(2,074)
(383)
825

1,182
(2,095)
(1)
28,529
(9,900)
(15,888)
(2,488)
253

1,263
570

1,833

2,086

1,287

799

2,086

In the fourth quarter of 2018, Capstone's EBITDA was higher and net income was lower than in 2017. Higher quarterly EBITDA 
reflects:

•  Higher revenue, primarily due to Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick, which were equity accounted investments prior to the acquisition 
of the remaining ownership interests on December 31, 2017. In addition, higher revenue from Whitecourt, due to higher 
power rates, and Cardinal, due to higher market revenues in response to higher demand; partially offset by

•  Decrease in the fair value of the Whitecourt embedded derivative relates to the introduction of EPCs. 

In addition to the EBITDA factors and the impacts on interest expense, depreciation and amortization from the acquisition of Glen 
Dhu and Fitzpatrick, the remaining material change in net income was:

• 

Lower income tax recovery, primarily attributable to the sale of Värmevärden in 2017.

ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS
Significant Changes in Accounting Standards
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS and are consistent with policies for the year 
ended December 31, 2017. 

Capstone has adopted the new and revised standards, along with consequential amendments, effective January 1, 2018, none 
of which had an impact on measurement in 2018. These changes include:

• 

• 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Refer to note 2 to the December 31, 2018 consolidated financial statements for a summary of significant accounting policies, and 
detail of the nature of these changes to disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 16

Future Accounting Changes
The International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") has announced new standards and amendments that will be effective for 
future reporting periods that have not yet been adopted by the Corporation. Capstone's assessment of the impact of the material 
standards and amendments are ongoing. Capstone continues to monitor changes to IFRS and has implemented applicable IASB 
changes to standards, new interpretations and annual improvements. The significant upcoming changes to IFRS are:

Title of the New IFRS (1)
• IFRS 16, Leases [Effective: Jan 1, 2019]

(1)  Refer to note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 for further detail about the nature of this future accounting 

change.

Accounting Estimates
The consolidated financial statements require the use of estimates and judgment in reporting assets, liabilities, revenues, 
expenses and contingencies.

The following accounting estimates included in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are based on significant 
estimates and judgments, which are summarized as follows:

Area of Significance

Critical Estimates and Judgments

Capital assets, projects under development and intangible assets:

•      Purchase price allocations

•      Depreciation on capital assets

•      Amortization on intangible assets

•      Asset retirement obligations

•     Initial fair value of net assets.

•     Estimated useful lives and residual value.

•     Estimated useful lives.

•     Expected settlement date, amount and discount rate.

•      Impairment assessments of capital assets, projects under

•     Future cash flows and discount rate.

development and intangibles assets

Deferred income taxes

•     Timing of reversal of temporary differences, tax rates and current and future taxable

income.

Financial instruments and fair value measurements

•     Forward Alberta power pool prices, volatility, credit spreads, cost and inflation escalators

Accounting for investments in non-wholly owned subsidiaries

and fuel supply volumes, electricity sales, and EPC generation.

•     Determine how relevant activities are directed (either through voting rights or contracts);
•     Determine if Capstone has substantive or protective rights; and
•     Determine Capstone's ability to influence returns.

Management’s estimates and judgments were based on historical experience, trends and various other assumptions that are 
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Capstone's CEO and CFO are required by the various provincial securities regulators to certify annually that they have designed, 
or caused to be designed, Capstone's disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in the Canadian Securities Administrators' 
National Instrument 52-109 ("NI 52-109"), and that they have evaluated the effectiveness of the presence and function of these 
controls and procedures in the applicable period. Disclosure controls are those controls and other procedures that are designed 
to provide reasonable assurance that the relevant information that Capstone is required to disclose is recorded, processed and 
reported within the time frame specified by such securities regulators.

Capstone's management, under the supervision of and with the participation of the CEO and CFO, has designed internal 
controls over financial reporting, as defined in NI 52-109. The purpose of internal controls over financial reporting is to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of Capstone's financial reporting, in accordance with IFRS, focusing in particular 
on controls over information contained in the audited annual and unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. The 
internal controls are not expected to prevent and detect all misstatements due to error or fraud. Consistent with the prior year, 
Capstone uses the 2013 version of Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) internal control framework.

The CEO and CFO have concluded that Capstone's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as at December 31, 2018 
to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that Capstone files or submits under Canadian securities legislation 
is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within applicable time periods.

As at December 31, 2018, Capstone's management had assessed the effectiveness of Capstone's internal control over financial 
reporting using the criteria set forth by COSO of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013). 
Based on this assessment, management has determined that Capstone's internal control over financial reporting was effective 
as at December 31, 2018.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 17

MANAGEMENT’S 
RESPONSIBILITY FOR 
FINANCIAL REPORTING

The consolidated financial statements and other financial information contained in this annual report have been prepared by 
management. It is management's responsibility to ensure that sound judgment, appropriate accounting policies and reasonable 
estimates have been used to prepare this information and that the consolidated financial statements are in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards.

Management is also responsible for designing, maintaining and testing a system of internal controls over the financial reporting 
processes. Internal controls have been designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial records are reliable, 
accurate and form a proper basis for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2018, 
management reviewed and tested the internal controls over financial reporting and concluded that they were effective to provide 
reasonable assurance over the consolidated financial statements.

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, consisting entirely of independent directors, is responsible for reviewing the 
consolidated financial statements with management and the external auditors and reporting to the Board of Directors. The Audit 
Committee is responsible for retaining the services of the independent auditor and for renewing the auditor's mandate, which is 
subject to Board of Directors' review and shareholders' approval. 

The independent auditor, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, is responsible for conducting an examination in accordance with 
Canadian generally accepted auditing standards to express an opinion on whether the consolidated financial statements have 
been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. The report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 
which outlines the scope of its examination and its opinion on the consolidated financial statements, appears on the following 
page.

David Eva 

Chief Executive Officer 

Toronto, Canada

March 7, 2019 

Andrew Kennedy

Chief Financial Officer

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 18

 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report 

To the Shareholders of Capstone Infrastructure Corporation 

Our opinion 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of Capstone Infrastructure Corporation and its subsidiaries (together, the Company) 
as at December 31, 2018 and 2017, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then 
ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board (IFRS).  

What we have audited 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise: 











the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2018 and 2017; 

the consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the years then ended; 

the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the years then ended; 

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended; and 

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, which include a summary of significant accounting 
policies. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of the consolidated financial statements section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

Independence 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada. We have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

Other information 

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis.  

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
PwC Tower, 18 York Street, Suite 2600, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J 0B2 
T: +1 416 863 1133, F: +1 416 365 8215 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the 
other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the 
consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary 
to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate 
the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as 
a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee 
that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards will always 
detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 





Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and 
obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of 
not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from 
error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the 
override of internal control. 

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. 









Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting 
estimates and related disclosures made by management. 

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s 
report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are 
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to 
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to 
cease to continue as a going concern.  

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, 
including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying 
transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or 
business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the consolidated financial 
statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We 
remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit.  

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Ross Sinclair. 

Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants 

Toronto, Ontario
March 7, 2019 

CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As at

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable

Other assets

Current portion of derivative contract assets

Non-current assets
Derivative contract assets

Capital assets

Projects under development

Intangible assets

Deferred income tax assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Accounts payable and other liabilities

Current portion of long-term debt

Long-term liabilities
Derivative contract liabilities

Deferred income tax liabilities

Long-term debt

Liability for asset retirement obligation

Total liabilities
Equity attributable to shareholders' of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

Commitments and contingencies

Subsequent events

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

Notes

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

76,341

23,132

25,477

2,747

1,996

64,083

22,438

24,408

4,778

1,130

129,693

116,837

11,855

833,799

1,595

154,861

125

1,131,928

20,234

896,377

730

167,732

—
1,201,910

19,468

49,355

68,823

2,144

89,962

705,339

9,442

875,710

206,132

50,086

20,257

86,208

106,465

2,144

89,243

732,334

10,161

940,347

206,314

55,249

1,131,928

1,201,910

4

4

5

6

7

7

10

11

12

13

14

15

7

13

15

16

18

23

26

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 22

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Balance, December 31, 2016

Net income for the period
Conversion of promissory note (2)
Return of capital (2)
Business acquisition (3)
Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of Capstone (4)
Dividends declared to NCI
Convertible debenture repayments (5)
Balance, December 31, 2017
Net income for the period
Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of Capstone (4)
Dividends declared to NCI
Convertible debenture repayments (5)
Balance, December 31, 2018

Equity attributable to
shareholders of Capstone

Share
Capital

112,453

—

86,332

(86,332)

21,837

—

—

—

134,290

—

—

—
—

134,290

Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)

2,800

117,383

—

(45,636)

—

(2,523)

—

—

72,024

2,304

(2,486)

—
—
71,842

Notes

17

17

3

17

18

18

17

18
18

NCI (1)
61,417

993

—

—

—

—
(3,240)

(3,921)

55,249

1,593

—

(3,793)
(2,963)
50,086

Total Equity

176,670

118,376

86,332

(131,968)

21,837

(2,523)
(3,240)

(3,921)

261,563

3,897

(2,486)

(3,793)
(2,963)
256,218

(1)  Non-controlling interest ("NCI").
(2)  Refer to note 3 for changes related to the sale of Värmevärden.
(3)  Refer to note 3 for changes related to the acquisition of remaining interests of the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities.
(4)  Dividends declared to preferred shareholders of Capstone include current and deferred income taxes of $34 (2017 - $71).
(5)  Repayments are to the holder of the convertible debenture related to the GHG Wind Development LP, SR Wind Development LP and SLS Wind Development 

LP wind facilities. The convertible debenture provides the holder the option to convert its debt into a 50% equity interest in these projects.

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 23

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Revenue

Operating expenses

Administrative expenses

Project development costs

Equity accounted income

Interest income

Other gains and (losses), net

Foreign exchange gain

Earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization

Interest expense

Depreciation of capital assets

Amortization of intangible assets

Earnings before income taxes

Income tax expense

Current

Deferred

Total income tax expense

Net income (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss) from continuing operations

Net income and total comprehensive income from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income and total comprehensive income

Attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

Non-controlling interest

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

For the year ended

Notes

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

20

21

21

21

9

7

22

7

10

12

13

3

18

183,629

(50,388)

(7,529)

(2,921)

—

5,139

(5,258)

4

122,676

(38,797)

(66,785)

(11,182)

5,912

(270)

(1,745)

(2,015)

3,897

—

3,897

2,304

1,593

3,897

154,163

(42,290)

(8,718)

(2,090)

935

1,600

6,437

18

110,055

(36,668)

(56,962)

(9,825)

6,600

(371)

(17,170)

(17,541)

(10,941)

129,317

118,376

117,383

993

118,376

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 24

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Operating activities:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Deferred income tax expense

Depreciation and amortization

Non-cash other gains and losses (net)

Amortization of deferred financing costs and non-cash financing costs

Equity accounted income

Foreign exchange gain

Change in non-cash working capital

Cash flows from continuing operations

Cash flows from discontinued operations

Total cash flows from operating activities

Investing activities:
Investment in capital assets

Investment in projects under development

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

Cash acquired from acquisition of equity accounted investment

Distributions from equity accounted investments

Total cash flows used in investing activities

Financing activities:
Repayment of long-term debt

Dividends paid to non-controlling interests

Convertible debenture repayments

Dividends paid to preferred shareholders

Transaction costs on debt issuance

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

Return of capital to Irving

Repayment of promissory note

Cash flows used in continuing operations

Cash flows from discontinued operations

Total cash flows used in financing activities
Increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Supplemental information:
Interest paid

Taxes paid

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements

For the year ended

Notes

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

9

3

10

11

3

9

18

18

3

3

3

3,897

1,745

77,967

7,697

2,712

—

(4)
(916)
93,098

—
93,098

(4,021)
(793)
(694)
—

—
(5,508)

(103,277)
(3,793)
(2,963)
(2,452)

(93)

37,246

—

—

(75,332)

—

(75,332)
12,258

64,083

76,341

(10,941)
17,170

66,787
(773)
2,581
(935)
(18)
(2,118)
71,753

1,372

73,125

(16,025)

(18,236)
5,295

3,574

2,352

(23,040)

(121,132)
(3,240)
(3,921)
(2,452)

(1,080)

83,717

(131,968)

(10,370)

(190,446)
142,198

(48,248)
1,837

62,246

64,083

36,293

973

34,077

1,882

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 25

NOTES TO THE 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Note Description

Page

Note Description

Page

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Corporate Information

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Acquisitions, Disposals and Discontinued
Operations

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Accounts Receivable

Other Assets

Financial Instruments

Financial Risk Management

Equity Accounted Investments

Capital Assets

Projects Under Development

Intangible Assets

Income Taxes

26

26

33

34

34

35

35

36

39

40

40

41

41

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities

Long-term Debt

Liability for Asset Retirement Obligation

Shareholders' Equity

Non-Controlling Interests

Share-based Compensation

Revenue by Nature

Expenses by Nature

Other Gains and Losses

Commitments and Contingencies

Related Party Transactions

Segmented Information

Subsequent Events

42

43

46

46

47

49

49

49

50

50

51

51

52

NOTE 1.  CORPORATE INFORMATION
Capstone is incorporated and domiciled in Canada and located at 155 Wellington Street West, Suite 2930, Toronto, Ontario,     
M5V 3H1. All of Capstone's Class A common shares are owned by Irving Infrastructure Corp. ("Irving"), a subsidiary of iCON 
Infrastructure Partners III, LP ("iCON III"), a fund managed by London, UK-based iCON Infrastructure LLP ("iCON"), who is the 
ultimate parent. Capstone Infrastructure Corporation and its subsidiaries (together the "Corporation" or "Capstone") mission is to 
provide investors with an attractive total return from responsibly managed long-term investments in power generation in North 
America. Capstone's strategy is to develop, acquire and manage a portfolio of high quality power assets. As at December 31, 
2018, Capstone owns and operates an approximate net installed capacity of 531 megawatts across 23 facilities in Canada, 
including wind, hydro, solar, biomass, and natural gas power plants.

All amounts are in Canadian thousands of dollars or thousands of share amounts unless otherwise indicated.

NOTE 2.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The following significant accounting policies are used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements. 

Basis of Preparation
Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements of Capstone have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards ("IFRS").

The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on March 7, 2019.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale

As further discussed in note 3, on March 3, 2017, Capstone sold its interest in Värmevärden, resulting in the utilities - district 
heating segment being presented as a discontinued operation in the statements of income and cash flows for the year ended 
December 31, 2017.

Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain 
financial instruments, which are measured at fair value as explained in the accounting policies set out below and on a going 
concern basis of accounting (see note 8). Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in 
exchange for assets.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 26

Consolidation
These consolidated financial statements are primarily made up of the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the 
Corporation's subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are all entities over which Capstone has control. Capstone controls an entity when it is 
exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power over the entity.

The following table lists the significant subsidiaries of the Corporation which are accounted for on a consolidated basis:

Name of entity
Capstone Power Corp. ("CPC")

Cardinal Power of Canada, L.P. ("Cardinal")

Erie Shores Wind Farm Limited Partnership ("Erie Shores")

MPT Hydro LP ("Hydro")

Whitecourt Power Limited Partnership ("Whitecourt")

Helios Solar Star A-1 Partnership ("Amherstburg")

Glace Bay Lingan Wind Power Ltd. ("Glace Bay")
Sky Generation L.P. ("SkyGen"), formerly Sky Generation Inc. (1)
SP Amherst Wind Power LP ("Amherst")

Parc Éolien Saint-Philémon S.E.C. ("Saint-Philémon")

Chi-Wiikwedong LP ("Goulais")

Chi-Wiikwedong Holdings LP

Grey Highlands Clean Energy Development LP ("Grey Highlands Clean") 
GHG Wind Development LP ("GHG") (2)
SR Wind Development LP ("Snowy Ridge") (2)
SLS Wind Development LP ("Settlers Landing") (2)
Glen Dhu Wind Energy LP ("Glen Dhu")

Fitzpatrick Mountain Wind Energy Inc. ("Fitzpatrick")

Principal place
of business and
country of
incorporation

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Ownership at 
December 31,

2018
100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

51%

51%

51%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

2017
100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

51%

51%

51%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%
100% (3)
100% (3)

Principal activity
Power
holding company
Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power 
holding company

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

Power generation

(1)  The SkyGen entity holds the Ferndale, Ravenswood, Proof Line and Skyway 8 operating wind facilities.
(2)  GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing have convertible debentures outstanding which provide the holder the option to convert its debt into a 50% equity 

interest in these projects.

(3)  On December 31, 2017, Capstone acquired the remaining 51% interest in Glen Dhu and the remaining 50% interest in Fitzpatrick, increasing Capstone’s 

interests in both wind facilities to 100%. Results for the periods up to the acquisition are included in equity accounted income in the statement of income. Refer 
to note 3.

The Corporation accounts for its controlled investments using the consolidation method of accounting from the date control is 
obtained and deconsolidates from the date that control ceases. All intercompany balances and transactions have been 
eliminated on consolidation. 

Non-controlling interests represent equity interests in subsidiaries owned by outside parties. The share of net assets of 
subsidiaries attributable to non-controlling interests is presented as a component of equity. Their share of net income and 
comprehensive income is recognized directly in equity. Changes in the Corporation's interest in subsidiaries that do not result in 
a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.

Equity Accounted Investments
Companies in which the Corporation has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, or has the ability to exercise 
joint control over financial and operating policy decisions are accounted for using the equity method. Significant influence is 
presumed to exist when the Corporation holds between 20% and 50% of the voting power of another entity. Capstone's 
investments in Värmevärden AB ("Värmevärden") and the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities were accounted for on an 
equity accounting basis for portions of 2017, prior to the respective sale transaction of Värmevärden and consolidation of the 
wind facilities.

Business Combinations
The acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration for each acquisition is 
measured at the aggregate of the fair values, at the date of exchange, of assets transferred, liabilities incurred or assumed, and 
equity instruments issued by the Corporation in exchange for control of the acquired business. The acquired identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet the conditions for recognition under IFRS 3R, Business Combinations ("IFRS 3R") 
are recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 27

The Corporation recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of 
the recognized amounts of acquiree's identifiable net assets. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

Foreign Currency Translation
Functional and presentation currency

Amounts included in the financial statements of each entity that is a foreign operation are measured using the currency of the 
primary economic environment in which the entity operates ("functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in Canadian dollars ("presentation currency"), which is Capstone's functional currency. Capstone used a rate of 
0.1484 to translate amounts in Swedish Krona relating to the disposal of its interest in Värmevärden. Since the disposal, 
Capstone holds a limited amount of foreign currency.

The financial statements of entities that have a functional currency different from that of the Corporation are translated into 
Canadian dollars as follows: assets and liabilities – at closing rate at the date of the statement of financial position, and income 
and expenses – at the average rate of the period (as this is considered a reasonable approximation of the actual rates prevailing 
at the transaction dates).

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the 
translation at exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than an entity's functional 
currency are recognized in the consolidated statement of income in "foreign exchange gain (loss)".

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are composed of highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the date of 
acquisition and are recorded at fair value.

Capitalized Interest 
The Corporation capitalizes interest and borrowing costs when activities that are necessary to prepare the asset for its intended 
use are in progress, and expenditures for the asset have been used or borrowed to fund the construction or development. 
Capitalization of interest and borrowing costs ceases when the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalized interest is included 
in the statement of financial position as part of capital assets and projects under development.

Grants and Contributions 
Grants are recognized at their fair value when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attaching 
conditions will be complied with. Grants and contributions related to charges to net income are netted against such expenditures 
as received.

Capital Assets
Capital assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditures 
that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or 
recognized as a separate asset only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the 
Corporation and the cost can be measured reliably. The carrying value of an asset is derecognized when replaced. 

Major maintenance costs are capitalized in the carrying value of the assets as incurred, and depreciated over their useful lives. 
Other repairs and maintenance costs are charged to the consolidated statement of income during the period incurred.

Gains or losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds of sale with the carrying amount and are recognized 
within the consolidated statement of income.

The Corporation allocates the amount initially recognized in respect of an item of capital assets to its significant parts and 
depreciates separately each such part. Residual values, method of amortization and useful lives of the assets are reviewed 
annually and adjusted if appropriate. The major categories of capital assets are depreciated using the straight-line method as 
follows:

Equipment and vehicles:

   Computer hardware

   Communications, meters and telemetry equipment

   Vehicles

Property and plant:

   Operational structures

   Operational properties

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Power

3 to 5 years

15 to 30 years

5 years

15 to 30 years

40 years

Page 28

Leased Assets
Assets financed by leasing agreements that transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset to the lessee 
are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives and the lease term. The corresponding liability is 
recorded as borrowings. The capital element of the lease rental is deducted from the obligation to the lessor as paid. The interest 
element of lease rentals and the depreciation of the relevant assets are charged to the consolidated statement of income.

Operating lease rental payments are charged to the consolidated statement of income on a straight-line basis as incurred over 
the term of the lease.

Projects Under Development ("PUD")
Capitalized costs related to an asset under development include all eligible expenditures incurred in connection with the 
development and construction of the power generating asset until it is available for its intended use. The Corporation capitalizes 
all direct project costs related to the development of the Corporation's electricity generation projects. Capitalization commences 
when the project is:

•  Clearly identified; 

• 

The technical feasibility has been established;

•  Management has indicated its intention to construct, operate and maintain the project; 

• 

• 

An offtake market is identified or a power purchase agreement ("PPA") awarded; and 

Adequate resources exist or are expected to be available to complete the project.

Upon a project becoming commercially operational, the capitalized costs, including capitalized borrowing costs, if any, are 
transferred to capital assets and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various components.

The recovery of project development costs is dependent upon successful commercialization of project sites for the profitable sale 
of electricity.

Intangible Assets
Identifiable intangible assets

The Corporation separately identifies acquired intangible assets, including computer software, electricity supply contracts, gas 
purchase contracts, water rights and licenses, and records each at their fair value at the date of acquisition. The initial fair value 
is amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method as follows:

Computer software
Electricity supply, gas purchase and other contracts(1)
Water rights

(1)  Generally amortized over the contract term.

Power

3 to 7 years

15 to 25 years

10 to 35 years

The expected useful lives of intangible assets are reviewed on an annual basis and adjusted prospectively.

Impairment of Non-financial Assets
The capital assets, projects under development and intangible assets with finite lives are tested for impairment when events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. For the purpose of measuring recoverable 
amounts, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows. The recoverable 
amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell the assets and the value in use (being the present value of the 
expected future cash flows of the relevant assets or Cash Generating Unit ("CGU")). An impairment loss is recognized for the 
amount by which the asset's carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount. The Corporation evaluates impairment losses, for 
potential reversals when events or circumstances warrant such consideration.

Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is 
more likely than not that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and the amount can be reliably 
estimated. Provisions are measured using management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the 
end of the reporting period, and are discounted to present value where the effect is material. The Corporation performs 
evaluations to identify onerous contracts and, where applicable, records provisions for such contracts.

Retirement Benefit Plans
The Corporation operates defined contribution pension plans through its subsidiaries. Costs of defined contribution pension 
plans are charged to the consolidated statement of income in the period in which they fall due.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 29

Asset Retirement Obligations
The Corporation recognizes a provision for the future retirement obligations associated with its operating plants. These 
obligations are initially measured at the present value, which is the discounted future cost of the liability. A reassessment of the 
expected costs associated with these liabilities is performed annually with changes in the estimates of timing or amount of cash 
flows added or deducted from the cost of the related asset. The liability grows until the date of expected settlement of the 
retirement obligations.

Share Capital
Common and Class A shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of shares are 
recognized as a reduction in equity.

Preferred Shares
The Corporation classifies its series A preferred shares as equity for reporting purposes given that the preferred shares may be 
converted into a fixed number of the Corporation's own equity instruments and there is no settlement required at a future date. 
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of shares are recognized as a reduction in equity.

Dividends
Dividends on series A preferred shares are recognized in the Corporation's consolidated financial statements in the period in 
which the dividends are declared by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Revenue Recognition
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue derived from the sale of electricity and steam is recognized upon delivery to the customer and priced in accordance 
with the provisions of the applicable electricity and steam sales agreements. In addition, capacity and availability payments to 
Cardinal are recognized in accordance with the non-utility generator contract. Certain power purchase arrangements provide for 
an electricity rate adjustment, which is updated periodically both for the current and prior periods. Capstone accounts for such 
adjustments when a reliable estimate of the adjustment can be determined. Revenue derived from Whitecourt electricity sales to 
the Alberta power pool are recorded at the hourly average weighted power pool rate.

The customer invoices and provides payments on a systematic basis based on fixed billing cycles. There are no significant 
financing components inherent in Capstone’s contracts with customers. Capstone does not make significant judgments that 
affect the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers.

Other Revenue and Income Recognition

Capstone follows Accounting for Government Grants and disclosure of Government Assistance (IAS 20) with respect to certain 
power contracts with provincial jurisdictions.

Capstone recognizes management fees and development-related incentive fees received from its equity accounted investments 
in revenue as earned based on the terms of its respective agreements.

Interest income is earned with the passage of time and is recorded on an accrual basis.

Expense Recognition
Costs related to the purchases of fuel are recorded upon delivery. All other costs are recorded as incurred.

Project development costs are recorded as incurred. These costs include the activities to pursue and develop greenfield projects 
and acquisition-related business development expenses incurred at both the power segment and corporate.

Interest expense is incurred with the passage of time and is recorded on an accrual basis.

Long-term Incentive Plans
The Corporation accounts for grants under its share appreciation rights ("SAR") plan in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-Based 
Payments.

Income Taxes
Current and deferred income taxes are recognized in the consolidated statement of income except to the extent that they relate 
to items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income, in which case the income tax is also recognized directly 
in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current income tax is the amount recoverable or expensed based on the current year's taxable income using tax rates enacted, 
or substantively enacted, at the reporting period, and any adjustments to income tax payable or recoveries in respect of previous 
years.

The Corporation follows the liability method of accounting for deferred income tax whereby deferred income tax is recognized in 
respect of temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying values in the 
consolidated financial statements. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using income tax rates that are both 
expected to apply when the deferred income tax asset or liability will be settled and that have been enacted or substantively 
enacted as at the date of the consolidated statement of financial position. Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the 

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 30

extent that it is probable that the asset can be recovered. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are presented as non-
current.

Financial Instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized on the consolidated statement of financial position when the Corporation 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. 

Classification and Measurement

Financial instruments are required to be measured at fair value on initial recognition plus transaction costs in the case of financial 
instruments measured at amortized cost. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial 
instruments classified as fair value through profit and loss ("FVTPL") are expensed as incurred. Measurement in subsequent 
periods depends on the classification of the financial instrument.

The Corporation has designated each of its significant categories of financial instruments outstanding as follows:

IFRS 9 Classification
Amortized cost (asset)

Significant Categories
•   Cash and cash equivalents
•   Restricted cash
•   Accounts receivable

Measurement
•   At amortized cost using the effective interest method

Financial assets and liabilities at fair
value through profit and loss

•   Derivative contract assets
•   Derivative contract liabilities

•   At fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the

consolidated statement of income

Other liabilities

•   Accounts payable and other liabilities
•   Long-term debt

•   At amortized cost using the effective interest method

The classification of financial assets depends on Capstone’s business objectives for managing the assets and whether 
contractual terms of the cash flows are considered solely payments of principal and interest. For assets measured at FVTPL, 
gains and losses will be recorded in the statement of income as incurred.

The Corporation determines the fair value of its financial instruments based on the following hierarchy:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 – Inputs that are not based on observable market data.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Corporation's derivatives are carried at fair value and are reported as assets when they have a positive fair value and as 
liabilities when they have a negative fair value. In 2018, the Corporation's derivatives include interest rate swaps and an 
embedded derivative in Whitecourt's fuel supply agreement.

Changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments are reported in the consolidated statement of income.

Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments or contracts are separated from their host contracts and accounted for at fair 
value when their economic characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contract.

Impairment of Financial Assets

For financial assets measured at amortized cost. Capstone applies the simplified expected credit loss ("ECL") approach as 
permitted by IFRS 9. ECLs are estimated based on historical information, third-party accreditations such as credit ratings, and 
forward looking information regarding historical customer default rates. Capstone does not expect this to affect any 
measurement of financial assets and liabilities as its customer base is predominantly government entities.

If impairment exists on the financial asset, the Corporation recognizes an impairment loss in the consolidated statement of 
income. The loss is measured as the difference between the carrying and the present value of the expected future cash flows. 
Impairment losses on financial assets carried at amortized cost are reversed in subsequent periods if the amount of the loss 
decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized.

Impairment of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are evaluated by reference to the credit quality of the underlying 
financial institution. 

Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker. The chief operating decision-maker is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating 
segments.

Discontinued Operations 
Entities or components of entities that have been disposed of or classified as held for sale and represent separate CGUs are 
presented separately as discontinued operations. The results of discontinued operations for both the current and comparative 
periods are included in a separate line item in the statement of comprehensive income which includes post-tax profit or loss of 
the entities and the post-tax gain or loss recognized on the disposal or re-measurement of the entities.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 31

Earnings Before Interest Expense, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA")
EBITDA is an additional GAAP financial measure defined as earnings (loss) before financing costs, income tax expense, 
depreciation and amortization. EBITDA includes earnings (loss) related to the non-controlling interest ("NCI"), interest income, 
and other gains and losses (net). EBITDA represents Capstone’s capacity to generate income from operations before taking into 
account management’s financing decisions and costs of consuming tangible capital assets and intangible assets, which vary 
according to their age, technology, and management’s estimate of their useful life. EBITDA is presented on the consolidated 
statement of income.

Changes to Accounting Policies
Capstone has adopted the following new IFRS standards effective January 1, 2018. These changes were required due to 
changes in IFRS and are summarized as follows:

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments, replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement as the recognition, 
classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities; derecognition of financial instruments; impairment of financial 
assets and if elected, hedge accounting. IFRS 9 also significantly amends other standards dealing with financial instruments 
such as IFRS 7, Financial Instruments: Disclosures.

Derivative contract assets and liabilities remain measured at fair value through profit and loss. All other financial assets and 
liabilities are measured at amortized cost. The adoption of IFRS 9 did not require any changes to existing recognition, 
classification, measurement and disclosure of Capstone's financial assets and liabilities.

There were no changes to the classification of Capstone’s financial liabilities. The new asset classifications, as well the concept 
of ECLs are within the financial instruments policy note.

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, replaces IAS 11, Construction Contracts and IAS 18, Revenue and 
outlines a single comprehensive model to account for revenue arising from contracts with customers. In addition, IFRS 15 
requires enhanced disclosure that will detail the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from 
the entity's contracts with customers. The standard provides a principles-based five-step model to be applied to all contracts with 
customers. The adoption of IFRS 15 did not require any changes to Capstone's revenue recognition approach and did not result 
in any measurement adjustments. Additional disclosure requirements are included in note 20.

The adoption of both these accounting standards did not change any comparative figures presented in the interim consolidated 
financial statements.

Future Accounting Changes
The International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") has announced new standards and amendments that will be effective for 
future reporting periods that have not yet been adopted by the Corporation. Capstone's assessment of the impact of the material 
standards and amendments are ongoing. Capstone continues to monitor changes to IFRS and has implemented applicable IASB 
changes to standards, new interpretations and annual improvements.

The significant upcoming changes to IFRS are:

Title of the New IFRS Nature of the Impending Change to Capstone

IFRS 16, Leases 

Effective: Jan 1, 2019

IFRS 16 specifies how to recognize, measure, present and disclose leases. This standard may be 
applied retrospectively or using a cumulative catch-up approach. The cumulative catch-up approach 
does not require restatement of prior period financial information and instead requires the recognition 
of liabilities and an equal Right-of-use ("ROU") assets on transition, and applies the standard 
prospectively. The Corporation uses the cumulative catch-up approach. 
On adoption, the Corporation will recognize lease liabilities at the present value of the remaining 
lease payments, discounted at the incremental borrowing rate of the Corporation. This will equal the 
ROU assets with no impact to retained earnings. The following practical expedients were permitted 
under IFRS 16, which the Corporation has elected:
•   use of a single discount rate for leases with similar characteristics;
•   accounting for leases with remaining terms of less than twelve months as short-term leases;
•   accounting for payments as expenses for low dollar value assets; and
•   use of hindsight in determining term where options to extend or terminate exist.

Status of Adoption

Capstone expects the adoption
of IFRS 16 to expand lease
disclosure, create new ROU
assets and corresponding lease
liabilities on the statement of
financial position, as well as
increase EBITDA. On adoption,
the long-term assets and
liabilities and EBITDA are
expected to increase by
approximately $30,000 and
$2,600, respectively.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments
The Corporation makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future that will, by definition, seldom equal actual results. The 
following are the estimates and judgments applied by management that most significantly affect the Corporation's financial 
statements. These estimates and judgments have a risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of financial 
assets and financial liabilities within the next financial year.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 32

Area of Significance

Critical Estimate

Capital assets, projects under development 
and intangible assets – carrying values

•   Estimates are based on assumptions that are sensitive to change, 
which may have a significant impact on the valuations performed.

Fair value estimates are required in the 
determination of the net assets acquired in a 
business combination and in the impairment 
assessment for our capital assets and the 
assignment of amounts to the asset retirement 
obligations, as well as assessing capitalization 
criteria for project development costs.

•   Impairment reviews of the carrying value of capital and other long-
lived assets along with the asset retirement obligations require 
management to estimate fair value based on future cash flows, 
discount rates and business performance.

Critical Judgment

•   Initial fair value of net assets

•   Estimated useful lives and residual 

value

•   Expected settlement date, amount 

and discount rate

•   Future cash flows and discount 

rate

Deferred income taxes

•   The determination of the deferred income tax balances of the

•   Timing of reversal of temporary 

Estimates in the determination of deferred 
income taxes affect asset and liability balances.

Corporation requires management to make estimates of the reversal
of existing temporary differences between the accounting and tax
bases of assets and liabilities in future periods.

•   Management's valuation techniques include comparisons with similar 
instruments where market observable prices exist, discounted cash 
flow analysis, option pricing models and other valuation techniques 
commonly used by market participants. 

•   For embedded derivatives, fair values are determined from valuation 

techniques using non-observable market data or transaction 
processes. 

A number of factors such as bid-offer spread, credit profile and model 
uncertainty are taken into account, as appropriate.

•   No critical estimates are involved in determining control.

Financial instrument fair value measurements

When observable prices are not available, fair 
values are determined by using valuation 
techniques that refer to observable market data. 
This is specifically related to Capstone's financial 
instruments.

Accounting for investments in non-wholly 
owned subsidiaries

When Capstone owns a partial interest in an 
entity, significant judgment is required to 
determine the proper accounting treatment. 
Capstone consolidates upon evaluating its ability 
to control a subsidiary.

differences

•   Tax rates

•   Current and future taxable income

•   Forward Alberta power pool prices,
volatility, credit spreads, cost and
inflation escalators and fuel supply
volumes and electricity sales, and
Emissions Performance Credits
("EPC") generation.

•   Determine how relevant activities 
are directed (either through voting 
rights or contracts)

•   Determine if Capstone has 

substantive or protective rights

•   Determine Capstone's ability to 

influence returns

NOTE 3.  ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSALS AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 
(A)  Discontinued Operations - Sale of Värmevärden
On March 3, 2017, Capstone and its co-shareholder Macquarie European Infrastructure Fund 2 ("MEIF 2") sold 100% of 
Värmevärden. Capstone received proceeds of $142,198, net of transaction costs, for its 33.3% indirect interest in Värmevärden 
and the related outstanding loans receivable.

On March 31, 2017, Irving Infrastructure Corp. ("Irving") converted its 552,700 SEK tranche of the promissory note into 76,876 
Class A shares of the Corporation, with a carrying value of $86,332, and the $10,370 Canadian denominated tranche of the 
promissory note was repaid. As a result, no promissory note payable to Irving remains. Capstone then distributed $131,968 to 
Irving as a return of capital, which included a $45,636 reduction to retained earnings and $86,332 to the Class A shares. The 
impact of these transactions did not change the carrying value of the Class A shares.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, Capstone's consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the year ended 
December 31, 2017 include results for the discontinued operations of Värmevärden. Net income from discontinued operations, 
net of tax was $129,317. Operating cash flows provided by discontinued operations were $1,372, and financing cash flows 
provided by discontinued operations were $142,198, consisting of net proceeds on sale.

As at March 3, 2017
Net proceeds on sale (1)
Carrying value of assets held for sale (2)
Gain on sale of Värmevärden

$
142,198

(14,111)
128,087

(1)  Proceeds are net of transaction costs of $2,378.
(2)  Värmevärden had $3,025 working capital and $11,086 loans receivable on March 3, 2017.

The results of the utilities - district heating segment, including the gain on sale, are presented as a discontinued operation.

Net income from discontinued operations

The net income from Värmevärden's discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 was:

For the year ended
Administrative expenses
Gain on sale (1)
Other income (loss)

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

(1)  Gain on sale is net of foreign exchange impact of $119.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Dec 31, 2017
(238)
128,087

1,468

129,317

Page 33

(B)  Business Acquisition - Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick Wind Facilities
In December 2017, through a series of transactions, Capstone acquired the remaining (approximately 50%) ownership interests 
in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities for $21,837, bringing Capstone's ownership interest to 100%. The acquisition of the 
remaining interest was initially completed by a subsidiary of iCON III, who then contributed the acquired assets to Capstone on 
December 31, 2017 in return for an additional capital contribution, recorded as an increase in shareholders' equity. 

Beginning December 31, 2017, the balances in Capstone's consolidated statement of financial position include amounts from 
Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick; prior to this transaction these investments were equity accounted. Refer to note 9.

The transaction was accounted for as a step acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting. Under this method, total 
assets and liabilities are initially recognized at their fair values on the date of acquisition and the equity accounted investment is 
derecognized. Transaction costs on acquisition of $225 were expensed in the consolidated statement of income as part of 
project development costs.

The preliminary and final allocation of the purchase price were allocated to net assets acquired as follows:

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed

Notes

Working capital (1)
Other assets

Capital assets

Intangible assets – electricity supply and other contracts

Less: net financial liabilities (net of $3,941 cash acquired, after adjustment)

Other liabilities

Deferred income tax liability

Total identifiable net assets acquired

Consideration in the form of equity contribution
Previously held equity accounted investments (2)

17

9

Original Fair
Value

Dec 31, 2017
3,448

1,763

118,235
21,496

(85,311)

(1,687)

(15,060)
42,884

21,837

21,047

42,884

Adjustment

—

—
(570)
—
367

—
203

—

—

—

—

Revised Fair
Value

Dec 31, 2018
3,448

1,763

117,665

21,496

(84,944)
(1,687)
(14,857)
42,884

21,837

21,047

42,884

(1)  Working capital includes $2,948 of accounts receivable, no allowance for doubtful debts are recorded.
(2)  As at the date of acquisition, the book value of the equity accounted investment approximated the fair value of Capstone's interest in the acquiree. No gain or loss 

was recognized on the transaction.

NOTE 4.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH

Debt service and maintenance reserves

Construction escrow

Cash on deposit

Restricted cash

Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents

Dec 31, 2018
12,889

Dec 31, 2017
12,452

10,168

75
23,132

76,341

99,473

9,911

75
22,438

64,083

86,521

Restricted cash is primarily cash that is held by the Corporation's subsidiaries in support of segregated bank accounts to support 
debt service reserves, operating and maintenance reserves in support of specific long-term debt and/or proceeds from 
construction facilities used for specific project costs. Capstone has also provided letters of credit to back other reserve 
requirements (refer to note 15).

NOTE 5.  ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Power
Corporate 

Dec 31, 2018
25,357

Dec 31, 2017
24,360

120

25,477

48
24,408

For both periods presented, Capstone's power segment and corporate trade and other receivables did not require a provision for 
impairment. Substantially all of the accounts receivable are with government authorities and none are past due. Refer to note 8b 
and 8c for further detail of credit risk and economic dependence.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 34

NOTE 6.  OTHER ASSETS

Prepaid expenses
Inventory of spare parts and consumable supplies, net (1)

Dec 31, 2018
906

Dec 31, 2017
2,697

1,841

2,747

2,081

4,778

(1)  No inventory obsolescence provision is required as at December 31, 2018. 

The cost of inventories recognized in operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $807 (2017 - $480).

NOTE 7.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In 2018, financial instruments consist of amortized cost assets, other liabilities and financial assets and liabilities at fair value 
through profit and loss.

Amortized Cost (Asset)

Cash and cash
equivalents, restricted
cash

The Corporation's cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash balances are invested in financial instruments of highly rated
financial institutions and government securities with original maturities of 90 days or less. As at December 31, 2018, the carrying
values of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are considered to approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature,
which is consistent with the prior year.

Accounts receivable

The Corporation's accounts receivable, which consist of trade receivables, are recorded initially at fair value.

Other Liabilities

Accounts payable and
other liabilities

The Corporation's accounts payable and other liabilities are short-term liabilities with carrying values that approximate their fair values
as at December 31, 2018.

Long-term debt

The Corporation's long-term debt is recorded at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. The fair value of the 
Corporation's long-term debt is determined using level 2 inputs as follows:
•      Floating rate debt approximates its carrying value.
Use level 2 inputs:
•      Fixed-rate debt is determined through the use of a discounted cash flow analysis using relevant risk-free bond rates plus an 

estimated margin.

Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss
Interest rate swaps

The Corporation has interest rate swap contracts to effectively fix the interest cost on its long-term debt with variable rates, 
specifically for Cardinal, GHG, Grey Highlands Clean, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing. Under these swap agreements, these 
projects receive Canadian Dollar Offered Rate ("CDOR") in exchange for fixed rate (refer to note 8a).

Whitecourt embedded derivative

On March 2, 2015, Whitecourt entered into a fuel supply agreement with Millar Western for 15 years, which is extendable to 20 
years. The agreement, which was effective on January 1, 2015, includes power price support and revenue sharing mechanisms 
that reduce Whitecourt's exposure to merchant price risk in Alberta.

The price support and revenue sharing mechanisms are embedded derivatives that are measured at fair value and result in an 
asset during periods when the projected merchant power price is forecast to be lower than the price support and a liability during 
periods when the merchant power price is forecast to be higher.

On March 2, 2015, Capstone recognized an asset of $5,297 based on the fair value of the Whitecourt fuel supply agreement, 
which was equal to and offset the fair value of the embedded derivative included in Whitecourt's fuel supply agreement at 
inception. Capstone amortizes the inception value to income over 15 years, representing the life of the fuel supply agreement.

The Corporation has determined the fair values of derivative financial instruments as follows:

Interest rate swaps

•     The interest rate swap contract's fair value fluctuates with changes in market interest rates.

•     A discounted cash flow valuation based on a forward interest rate curve was used to determine their fair value.

Whitecourt embedded
derivative

•     The determination of the fair value of the embedded derivative requires the use of option pricing models involving significant

judgment based on management's estimates and assumptions, including estimates on the forward Alberta power pool prices,
volatility, credit spreads, cost and inflation escalators and fuel supply volumes, electricity sales and EPC generation.

Due to the lack of observable market quotes on the Whitecourt embedded derivatives, the contract has been classified as level 3 
financial instruments.

Capstone, with the assistance of third-party experts, is responsible for performing the valuation of financial instruments, including 
level 3 fair values. The valuation processes and results are reviewed and approved each reporting period. These critical 
estimates are discussed as part of the Audit Committee's quarterly review of the financial statements.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 35

The following table illustrates the classification of the Corporation's financial instruments, that have been recorded at fair value:

Level 1 
Quoted prices in active 
markets for identical 
assets

Level 2
Significant other 
observable inputs

Level 3
Significant 
unobservable 
inputs

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

Recurring measurements:
Derivative contract assets:
   Whitecourt embedded derivative (1)
   Interest rate swap contracts

   Less: current portion

Derivative contract liabilities:

   Interest rate swap contracts

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6,373

(1,996)
4,377

2,144

2,144

7,478

—

—

7,478

—

—

7,478

6,373
(1,996)
11,855

13,406

7,958
(1,130)
20,234

2,144

2,144

2,144

2,144

(1)  Whitecourt's embedded derivative consists of a $11,362 fair value asset and $3,884 amortized contra-asset, set up on inception (2017 - $17,643 fair value 

asset, offset by the $4,237 of contra-asset).

Fair value continuity for Level 3 inputs

Opening balance, January 1,
Change in value of the embedded derivative included in other gains and (losses) in net income

Settlement of Whitecourt embedded derivative during the period

Amortization of Whitecourt embedded derivative inception value included in other gains and (losses) in net
income

Closing balance, December 31,

Income and Expenses From Financial Instruments

Financial instruments designated as amortized cost:
   Interest income on cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash (1), (2)
Financial instruments classified as FVTPL (refer to note 22):

   Unrealized gain (loss) on the Whitecourt embedded derivative

   Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap contracts

Other liabilities:
   Interest expense on long-term debt (2)

2018
13,406
(3,841)
(2,439)

352

7,478

2017
13,674

5,044
(5,664)

352

13,406

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

1,265

(3,489)
(1,585)
(5,074)

653

5,396

4,534

9,930

(38,797)

(38,797)

(36,668)

(36,668)

(1) 

(2) 

Interest income for 2018 of $5,139 includes the final payment of $3,348 for full repayment of the Chapais loans and investments, which were previously written 
down to nil, interest income on cash balances of $1,265 (2017 - $653) and other interest payments from Chapais of $526 (2017 - $947).
Interest expense on the long-term debt for 2018 of $38,797 includes amortization of deferred financing fees and accretion on liability for asset retirement 
obligations of$2,276 and $436, respectively (2017 - $2,121 and $334).

NOTE 8.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Corporation's normal operating, investing and financing activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, including market 
risk, credit risk, economic dependence and liquidity risk. The Corporation's overall risk management process is designed to 
identify, manage and mitigate business risk, which includes, among others, financial risk. 

(A)  Market Risk
Market risk is the risk or uncertainty arising from possible price movements and their impact on the future performance of the 
business. The Corporation is exposed to commodity price risk (electricity revenue), interest rate and inflation risk, foreign 
currency exchange risk and other indices that could adversely affect the value of the Corporation's financial assets, liabilities or 
expected future cash flows.

Commodity price risk

In 2018, both Cardinal and Whitecourt's revenues are exposed to price risk as follows:

(i)  Cardinal earns a portion of its revenue by supplying electricity to the Ontario grid only when profitable to do so.

(ii)  Whitecourt sells all electricity generated into the Power Pool of Alberta. Millar Western and Whitecourt's fuel supply 

agreement includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 36

Interest rate and inflation risk

Interest rate risk arises as changes in market interest rates affect the Corporation's future payments on debt obligations. The 
Corporation is exposed to interest rate risk on its floating rate debt. Currently, the Corporation has interest rate swap contracts to 
mitigate some of the risks associated with its long-term debt.

The terms of the contracts are:

Entity
GHG

GHG

Cardinal

Cardinal

Grey Highlands Clean

Grey Highlands Clean

Snowy Ridge

Snowy Ridge

Settlers Landing

Settlers Landing

Maturity Date
Jun 30, 2021

Jun 30, 2034

Dec 30, 2022

Jun 30, 2034

Sep 30, 2021

Sep 30, 2034

Dec 31, 2021

Dec 31, 2034

Jun 30, 2022

Jun 30, 2035

Foreign currency exchange risk

Notional Amount Swap Fixed Rate Stamping Fee / Margin Effective Interest Rate
2.97% - 3.33%

1.63% - 1.88%

1.34% - 1.45%

67,657

57,363

60,728

41,292

48,823

41,616

28,016

21,011

24,077

17,719

3.04% - 3.17%

1.24%

2.77%

1.24%

2.61%

1.13%

2.07%

1.71%

2.93%

1.88%

1.63%

1.63%

4.92% - 5.50%

2.87%

4.40%

1.63% - 1.88%

2.87% - 3.12%

1.88%

4.49%

1.63% - 1.88%

2.76% - 3.01%

1.88%

3.95%

1.63% - 1.88%

3.34% - 3.59%

1.88%

4.81%

Capstone's power assets have expenses or capital commitments in currencies other than the Canadian dollar; as new projects 
are built, expected additional purchases will be made in foreign currencies. To mitigate these risks Capstone monitors the risk 
associated with foreign exchange rate fluctuations and, from time to time, may enter into forward foreign exchange contracts or 
employ other hedging strategies.

Credit Risk

(B) 
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to honour a 
financial obligation.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Corporation to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash 
equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and derivative contracts.

The Corporation deposits its cash with reputable financial institutions and limits the exposure by counterparty; management 
therefore believes the risk of loss to be remote.

Credit risk concentration with respect to power trade receivables is limited due to the Corporation's customer base being 
predominantly government authorities. The table below summarizes power trade receivables from the sale of electricity and 
government incentive programs by counterparty:

As at
Independent Electricity System Operator ("IESO")

Nova Scotia Power Inc. ("NSPI")

Natural Resources Canada Inc. ("NRC")

Ontario Electricity Financial Corporation ("OEFC")

Other

Dec 31, 2018
12,642

Dec 31, 2017
13,759

3,904

3,074

1,597

4,260
25,477

4,118

1,177

1,711

3,643
24,408

There are no accounts receivable that are past due. Since the IESO, OEFC, and NRC are government agencies and NSPI is 
regulated by the provincial government, management considers credit risk to be minimal. 

The Corporation's derivative agreements expose Capstone to losses under certain circumstances, such as the counterparty 
defaulting on its obligations under the swap agreements or if the swap agreements provide an imperfect hedge. Counterparties 
to the Corporation's derivative contracts are major financial institutions that have been accorded investment-grade ratings. 
Consequently, management believes there to be minimal credit risk associated with its derivative contracts.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 37

Economic Dependence

(C) 
Economic dependence arises when an enterprise relies on a significant volume of business with another party that cannot be 
easily transferred at similar terms and conditions, or is abnormal relative to expectations of similar entities. The table below 
summarizes revenue from the sale of electricity by counterparty for the power segment:

For the year ended
IESO

NSPI

OEFC

Other

Dec 31, 2018
119,522

Dec 31, 2017
112,160

32,845

7,521

23,741

12,451

8,855

20,697

183,629

154,163

Liquidity Risk

(D) 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Corporation may have insufficient cash or other resources to meet obligations as they come due.

Compliance with debt covenants

The Corporation has financial liabilities in its power operating segments and at corporate. Refer to notes 14 accounts payable 
and other liabilities and 15 long-term debt for further details on financial liabilities. These financial liabilities contain a number of 
standard financial and other covenants.

Failure to comply with terms and covenants of the Corporation's credit agreements could result in a default, which, if not cured or 
waived, could result in accelerated repayment or the suspension of preferred dividends.

In the event of default, there can be no assurance that the Corporation could:

(i)  Generate sufficient cash flow from operations in amounts sufficient to pay outstanding indebtedness, or to fund any other 

liquidity needs; or 

(ii)  Pay future preferred dividends; or

(iii)  Refinance these credit agreements or obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. The credit 
agreements, and future borrowings may be at variable rates of interest, which exposes the Corporation to the risk of 
increased interest rates.

Contractual maturities

The contractual maturities of the Corporation's financial liabilities as at December 31, 2018 were as follows:

Financial Liabilities

Within one year One year to five years

Beyond five years

Accounts payable and other liabilities

19,468

Derivative financial instruments

   Interest rate swaps

Long-term debt

   Principal payments

   Interest payments

—

49,355

31,422

80,777

—

1,079

247,003

106,486

353,489

—

1,065

472,207

130,126

602,333

Total

19,468

2,144

768,565

268,034

1,036,599

Sensitivity Analysis

(E) 
The sensitivity analysis provided below discloses the effect on net income for the year ended December 31, 2018, assuming that 
a reasonably possible change in the relevant risk variable has occurred during the year, and has been applied to the risk 
exposures in existence at that date to show the effects of reasonably possible changes. The changes in market variables used in 
the sensitivity analysis were determined based on implied volatilities, where available, or historical data.

The sensitivity analysis has been prepared based on December 31, 2018 balances and on the basis that the balances, the ratio 
of fixed to floating rates of debt and derivatives, the energy contracts that are financial instruments in place at December 31, 
2018 are all constant. Excluded from this analysis are all non-financial assets and liabilities that are not classified as financial 
instruments under IFRS 9.

The sensitivity analysis provided is hypothetical and should be used with caution because the impacts provided are not 
necessarily indicative of the actual impacts that would be experienced, as the Corporation's actual exposure to market rates is 
constantly changing as the Corporation's portfolio of commodity, debt, foreign currency and equity contracts changes. Changes 
in fair values or cash flows based on a variation in a market variable cannot be extrapolated because the relationship between 
the change in the market variable and the change in fair value or cash flows may not be linear. In addition, the effect of a change 
in a particular market variable on fair values or cash flows is calculated without considering interrelationships between the 
various market rates, hedging strategies employed by the Corporation or other mitigating actions that would be taken by the 
Corporation.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 38

The table summarizes the impact on fair value of changes in the Whitecourt embedded derivatives' significant unobservable 
inputs:

Dec 31, 2018 Unobservable inputs Estimated input

Relationship of input to fair value

$7,478 Forward Alberta power

pool prices

From $34/MWh to $84/
MWh over the next 11
years.

A reasonably possible increase in estimated forward prices of 5% or a
decrease of 5%, would cause fair value to decrease by $3,025 and
increase by $3,394, respectively.

Changes in these estimates may have a significant impact on the fair value of the embedded derivative given the length of 
contract involved. As new information becomes available, management may choose to revise these estimates where there is an 
absence of reliable observable market data.

The table summarizes the impact on fair value of changes in observable inputs:

For the year ended Dec 31, 2018

Financial assets:

   Interest rate swap assets, net

Carrying

Amount

Interest Rate Risk

(0.5)%

0.5%

4,229

(8,709)

8,251

Financial liabilities:
   Long-term debt (1)
(1)  Long-term debt excludes all fixed-rate debt totaling $496,852 and variable rate debt that is covered by a swap for fixed-rate debt totaling $226,713.

45,000

225

(225)

NOTE 9.  EQUITY ACCOUNTED INVESTMENTS
Beginning December 31, 2017, Capstone no longer follows the equity accounting method for any of its investments. This is a 
result of the March 3, 2017 sale of Capstone's interest in Värmevärden and the December 31, 2017 acquisition of the remaining 
interests in the Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities. As a result, the statement of financial position no longer holds an interest 
in Värmevärden and Capstone consolidates the wind facilities. In addition, Capstone's income statement includes equity 
accounting for the periods up to the disposal or acquisition of the respective investments. Refer to note 3 for details of both 
transactions.

The changes in the Corporation’s total equity accounted investments for the year ended were as follows:

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2017

(1)  Distributions received were from Glen Dhu.

Opening
Balance

Equity Accounted
Income (Loss)

22,464

935

Distributions 
Received (1)
(2,352)

Acquisition of 
remaining 
interests 
(21,047)

Ending
Balance

—

The Corporation has summarized its equity accounted investments using their gross values as follows:

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Income
Revenue

Net income and total comprehensive income

Capstone's interest (refer to note 3)

Subtotal
Amortization of fair value adjustments and other

Total

Net income to Capstone

Glen Dhu 
21,214

3,874

49%

1,898
(876)
1,022

Dec 31, 2017
Fitzpatrick 

237

(91)
50%
(46)
(41)
(87)

Total
21,451

3,783

1,852
(917)
935

935

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 39

NOTE 10.  CAPITAL ASSETS
(A) 

Continuity

Cost

Land

Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Accumulated depreciation
Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Net carrying value

Cost

Land

Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Accumulated depreciation
Equipment and vehicles

Property and plant

Net carrying value

Jan 1, 2018

Additions

Disposals

Transfers
(ref. to note 12)

Business
Acquisition

Dec 31, 2018

1,084

10,877

1,220,000

1,231,961

(7,181)

(328,403)

(335,584)

896,377

—
179

3,356

3,535

(330)
(66,455)
(66,785)
(63,250)

—
(44)
(3,884)

(3,928)

38
3,135

3,173
(755)

—

—
1,427

1,427

—

—

—
1,427

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,084

11,012

1,220,899

1,232,995

(7,473)
(391,723)
(399,196)
833,799

Jan 1, 2017

Additions

Disposals

Transfers
(ref. to note 11)

Business
Acquisition

Dec 31, 2017

1,051

10,542

1,062,391

1,073,984

(6,126)

(280,587)

(286,713)

787,271

—
364

17,603

17,967

(1,084)
(55,878)
(56,962)
(38,995)

—
(29)
(11,829)

(11,858)

29
8,062

8,091

(3,767)

—

—
33,633

33,633

—

—

—
33,633

33

—
118,202

118,235

—

—

—
118,235

1,084

10,877

1,220,000

1,231,961

(7,181)
(328,403)
(335,584)
896,377

(B) 

Reconciliation to Cash Additions for the Cash Flow Statement

For the year ended
Additions

Adjustment for change in capital asset additions included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Cash additions

Dec 31, 2018
3,535

486

4,021

Dec 31, 2017
17,967
(1,942)
16,025

NOTE 11.  PROJECTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT
(A) 

Continuity

As at January 1
Capitalized costs during the year (1)
Costs transferred to capital assets (2) (refer to note 10)
Costs transferred to intangibles (2) (refer to note 12)
As at December 31 (3)
(1)  There were no capitalized borrowing costs in 2018 (2017 - includes $123 of capitalized borrowing costs during the construction of the Settlers Landing). 
(2) 
(3)  PUD balance as at December 31, 2018 relates to the Riverhurst and Buffalo Atlee 1, 2 and 3 (collectively "Buffalo Atlee") wind development projects. In 
December 2018, Capstone and its 25% partner Sawridge First Nation ("Sawridge") confirmed that the Buffalo Atlee wind development projects executed 
Renewable Electricity Support Agreements in Alberta.

In 2017, amounts were transferred on the COD of Settlers Landing.

—
1,595

—

2018
730
865

2017
22,267
14,383

(33,633)
(2,287)
730

(B) 

Reconciliation to Cash Additions for the Cash Flow Statement

For the year ended
Additions

Adjustment for change in additions to PUD included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Cash additions

Dec 31, 2018
865
(72)
793

Dec 31, 2017
14,383

3,853

18,236

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 40

NOTE 12.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Assets

Computer software

Electricity supply and other contracts

Water rights

Accumulated amortization

Computer software

Electricity supply and other contracts

Water rights

Net carrying value

Assets

Computer software

Electricity supply and other contracts

Water rights

Accumulated amortization

Computer software

Electricity supply and other contracts

Water rights

Net carrying value

NOTE 13.  INCOME TAXES
(A) 

Deferred Income Tax

As at
Deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

Jan 1, 2018

Additions

Disposals

Transfers
(ref. to note 10)

Dec 31, 2018

257

173,103

73,018

246,378

(257)
(56,130)
(22,259)
(78,646)
167,732

7

—

—

7

(2)

(9,063)

(2,117)

(11,182)

(11,175)

—
(269)
—
(269)

—

—

—

—
(269)

—
(1,427)
—
(1,427)

—

—

—

—
(1,427)

264

171,407

73,018

244,689

(259)
(65,193)

(24,376)

(89,828)
154,861

Jan 1, 2017

Additions

Transfers
(ref. to note 11)

Business
Acquisition

Dec 31, 2017

257

149,039

73,018

222,314

(257)

(48,427)

(20,137)
(68,821)
153,493

—

281

—
281

—

(7,703)

(2,122)

(9,825)

(9,544)

—

2,287

—
2,287

—

—

—

—
2,287

—

21,496

—
21,496

—

—

—

—
21,496

257

173,103

73,018

246,378

(257)

(56,130)

(22,259)

(78,646)
167,732

Dec 31, 2018
125

Dec 31, 2017
—

(89,962)

(89,837)

(89,243)

(89,243)

The net deferred income tax liability, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same jurisdiction, are 
detailed as follows:

As at
Non-capital loss carry forwards

Other

Asset retirement obligations

Deferred income tax assets

Capital assets

Intangibles

Financial instruments

Loan premium and deferred financing costs

Other

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Dec 31, 2018
23,435

Dec 31, 2017
27,375

3,464

2,543

29,442

(72,720)

(40,807)
(3,119)
(2,137)
(496)
(119,279)
(89,837)

420

2,294

30,089

(75,349)

(36,853)
(5,011)
(1,600)
(519)
(119,332)
(89,243)

Page 41

A continuity of the net deferred income tax liability follows:

Net deferred income tax liability as at January 1
Business acquisition (1) 
Recorded in earnings

Other

Net deferred income tax liability as at December 31

(1)  Refer to note 3.

 Timing of Deferred Income Tax Reversal
(B) 
The timing of deferred income tax reversal is summarized as follows:

As at

Within 12 months

After more than 12 months

Net deferred income tax liability

2018

(89,243)

203
(1,745)
948

(89,837)

2017

(57,923)

(15,060)

(17,170)
910

(89,243)

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

40,542

(130,379)

(89,837)

46,488

(135,731)

(89,243)

Tax Loss Carry Forwards

(C) 
Capstone's tax loss carry forwards and the portion recognized in deferred income tax assets were as follows:

Canadian – non-capital losses

US – non-capital losses

Canadian – capital losses

Expiry
2025 – 2037

2023 – 2027

No expiry

Recognized Unrecognized
63,973

87,910

Dec 31, 2018
151,883

Dec 31, 2017
169,340

—

—

19,730

—

19,730

—

18,143

908

The Corporation also has $2,080 of unrecognized deferred tax assets, which have not been recognized as at December 31, 
2018 (2017 - $1,699).

Rate Reconciliation

(D) 
The following table reconciles the expected income tax expense using the statutory tax rate to the expense:

For the year ended
Income (loss) before income taxes (1)
Statutory income tax rate
Income tax expense based on statutory income tax rate 
Permanent differences 
Tax rate differentials 
Change in unrecognized deferred tax assets

Impact of sale of Värmevärden
Other 
Total income tax expense (recovery)

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

5,912
26.65%
1,576

203

266

55
—
(85)
2,015

6,600
26.50%
1,749

861
(38)
(4,628)
20,901

(1,304)
17,541

(1) 

Income (loss) before income taxes excludes discontinued operations.

The statutory income tax rate of 26.65% (2017 - 26.50%) changes in response to Capstone's allocation of taxable income to 
different tax jurisdictions.

Current Income Taxes

(E) 
Current income taxes payable of $2,150 are included in accounts payable and other liabilities on the statement of financial 
position (refer to note 14) (2017 - $2,439).

NOTE 14.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Dividends payable

Income taxes payable

Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Dec 31, 2018
409
2,150

Dec 31, 2017
409
2,439

16,909

19,468

17,409

20,257

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 42

Income taxes payable
Canadian Renewable and Conservation Expense ("CRCE") penalties (1)
Taxes payable (recovery) on preferred share dividends

Current income taxes payable (recovery)

Dec 31, 2018
1,708

Dec 31, 2017
2,274

138

304

2,150

24
141

2,439

(1)  CRCE penalties related to flow-through shares originally issued by Renewable Energy Developers Inc., which was acquired by Capstone in 2013.

NOTE 15.  LONG-TERM DEBT
(A) 

Power

As at

CPC credit facilities

Wind - Operating

Solar

Hydros

Gas

Less: deferred financing costs

Long-term debt

Less: current portion

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

Fair Value

Carrying
Value

Fair Value

45,000

520,080
73,772

75,045

60,728

774,625

65,915

551,782

78,772

77,092

64,259

837,820

45,000

511,927
76,093

74,817

60,728

768,565

(13,871)

754,694

(49,355)

705,339

Carrying
Value

65,915

544,382

81,632

77,502

64,259

833,690

(15,148)
818,542

(86,208)
732,334

Capstone has a cumulative $51,168 utilized on its letter of credit facilities.

The respective project debt within the power segment have regular principal and interest payments over the term to maturity and 
are secured only by the assets of respective project, with no recourse to the Corporation's other assets, except as noted.

In addition, the individual project debt agreements require the respective projects to maintain certain restrictive covenants 
including a minimum debt service coverage ratio to allow distributions to Capstone.

(i) 

CPC Credit Facilities

Total available credit - all facilities

Amount drawn
   Term credit facility (2)
   Revolving credit facility (3)
   Letter of credit facility (4)
Remaining available credit

Interest Rate (1)

Maturity

Dec 31, 2018
140,000

Dec 31, 2017
145,000

3.74%

Dec 15, 2021

45,000

—
36,859

58,141

50,000

15,915

27,812

51,273

(1)  The effective rate was 3.74% in 2018 based on a variable rate plus an applicable margin.
(2) 
(3) 
(4)  As at December 31, 2018, Capstone had 21 letters of credit authorized under the revolving facility.

In Q2 2018, CPC repaid $5,000 of its term credit facility.
In Q1 2018, CPC repaid $15,915 of its revolving credit facility under the CPC Credit Facilities, increasing the revolving credit facility capacity.

The CPC Credit Facilities mature on December 15, 2021, bear interest at a variable rate plus an applicable margin and have a 
minimum annual principal repayment of $5,000 on the term facility. Subsequent to 2021, the CPC Credit Facilities have a rolling 
one-year extension option, subject to lender approval.

Under the CPC Credit Facilities, CPC is subject to customary covenants, including specific limitations on leverage and interest 
coverage ratios, and a minimum cash flow profile. The collateral for the CPC Credit Facilities is provided by Capstone, CPC, and 
its material subsidiaries. CPC and its material subsidiary guarantors (with the exception of certain subsidiaries, including 
previously encumbered project financed subsidiaries) provided demand debentures granting a first ranking security interest in all 
present and future property and a floating charge over real property and first ranking securities pledge agreements (subject to 
certain permitted liens). Capstone provided a limited recourse guarantee, a securities pledge agreement, and an assignment of 
indebtedness owed to Capstone by CPC.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 43

(ii) 

Wind - Operating

Project debt
Glen Dhu

Goulais

GHG

Erie Shores

Saint-Philémon

Grey Highlands Clean

Amherst

Snowy Ridge

Settlers Landing
SkyGen (1)
Skyway 8 (1)
Glace Bay

Dec 31, 2018
83,220

Dec 31, 2017
88,885

68,354

66,934

61,655

50,469

46,827

34,948

27,877

24,347

18,597

17,658

11,041

72,169

70,647

67,977

52,952

49,320

37,223

29,083

25,160

20,360

18,337

12,269

511,927

544,382

(1)  SkyGen project debt includes financing related to the Ferndale, Ravenswood, and Proof Line facilities. Skyway 8 was financed separately as it reached COD at 

a later date.

Glen Dhu
Term loan
(1) 

In 2018, Glen Dhu replaced its standby loan facility with a $5,310 letter of credit to fund its debt service reserve requirement. There were no draws on the 
standby loan facility during the year prior to the cancellation of the standby loan facility.

Interest Rate
5.33%

Maturity
Dec 31, 2030

Dec 31, 2018
83,220

Dec 31, 2017
88,885

Goulais
Term loan

Interest Rate
5.16%

Maturity
Sep 30, 2034

Dec 31, 2018
68,354

Dec 31, 2017
72,169

(1)  Goulais is required to set aside $3,392 as restricted cash to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  Goulais is required to set aside $1,000 as letters of credit to cover the operating and maintenance reserves.

GHG
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
3.08%

Maturity
Aug 26, 2021

Dec 31, 2018
66,934

Dec 31, 2017
70,647

(1)  GHG has $3,200 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  As at December 31, 2018, GHG had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Erie Shores (3)
Tranche A

Tranche C

Interest Rate
5.96%

6.15%

Maturity
Apr 1, 2026

Apr 1, 2026

Dec 31, 2018
37,159

Dec 31, 2017
40,982

24,496

61,655

26,995

67,977

(1)  Erie Shores project debt has a $5,000 limited recourse guarantee provided by CPC to the lenders of the Erie Shores project debt.
(2)  Erie Shores is required to set aside $5,269 as restricted cash and $550 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the CPC revolving credit facility to 

cover the debt service and maintenance reserves.

(3)  Tranche B matured on April 1, 2016.

Saint-Philémon
Term loan

Interest Rate
5.49%

Maturity
May 31, 2034

Dec 31, 2018
50,469

Dec 31, 2017
52,952

(1)  Saint-Philémon is required to set aside $1,224 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt service 

reserve. 

Grey Highlands Clean
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.87%

Maturity
Dec 23, 2021

Dec 31, 2018
46,827

Dec 31, 2017
49,320

(1)  Grey Highlands Clean is required to set aside $2,100 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  As at December 31, 2018, Grey Highlands Clean had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Amherst
Term loan

Interest Rate
6.20%

Maturity
Apr 30, 2032

Dec 31, 2018
34,948

Dec 31, 2017
37,223

(1)  Amherst's project debt has a $1,000 limited recourse guarantee provided by CPC to the lenders of the Amherst project debt. 
(2)  Amherst is required to set aside $1,102 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt service and 

maintenance reserves.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 44

Snowy Ridge
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.75%

Maturity
Dec 23, 2021

Dec 31, 2018
27,877

Dec 31, 2017
29,083

(1)  Snowy Ridge is required to set aside $3,443 as restricted cash to cover construction holdbacks with vendors and $1,300 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2018, Snowy Ridge had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Settlers Landing
Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
3.34%

Maturity
Aug 31, 2022

Dec 31, 2018
24,347

Dec 31, 2017
25,160

(1)  Settlers Landing is required to set aside $2,023 as restricted cash to cover construction holdbacks with vendors and $1,100 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2018, Settlers Landing had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

SkyGen
Term loans

Interest Rate
4.90%

Maturity (2)
Jul 17, 2021

Dec 31, 2018
18,597

Dec 31, 2017
20,360

(1)  SkyGen is required to set aside $1,334 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  On July 17, 2018, the SkyGen project debt was refinanced, decreasing the current portion by $18,565. The new debt matures in 2021 and amortizes over the 

same period as the prior debt, carrying a fixed interest rate of 4.90%.

Skyway 8
Term loan

Interest Rate
4.90%

Maturity (2)
Jul 17, 2021

Dec 31, 2018
17,658

Dec 31, 2017
18,337

(1)  Skyway 8 is required to set aside $766 as letters of credit to cover the debt service reserve.
(2)  On July 17, 2018, the Skyway 8 project debt was refinanced, decreasing the current portion by $17,658. The new debt matures in 2021 and amortizes over the 

same period as the prior debt, carrying a fixed interest rate of 4.90%.

Glace Bay
Term loan

Term loan

Term loan

Interest Rate
5.99%

6.36%

4.72%

Maturity
Mar 15, 2027

Apr 21, 2019

Oct 1, 2032

Dec 31, 2018
6,145

Dec 31, 2017
6,685

230

4,666

11,041

799

4,785

12,269

(1)  Glace Bay is required to set aside $2,501 as restricted cash to cover the debt service and operating and maintenance reserves.

(iii) 

Solar

Amherstburg project debt

Interest Rate
3.49%

Maturity
Dec 31, 2030

Dec 31, 2018
76,093

Dec 31, 2017
81,632

(1)  Amherstburg is required to set aside $4,527 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt service and 

maintenance reserves.

(iv) 

Hydros

Senior secured bonds

Subordinated secured bonds

Interest Rate
4.56%

7.00%

Maturity
Jun 30, 2040

Jun 30, 2041

Dec 31, 2018
55,493

Dec 31, 2017
57,693

19,324

74,817

19,809

77,502

(1)  The hydro facilities are required to set aside $10,102 as letters of credit against the borrowing capacity of the CPC revolving credit facility to cover the debt 

service and maintenance reserves.

(v) 

Gas

Term loan

Interest Rate (2)
2.87%

Maturity
Mar 18, 2023

Dec 31, 2018
60,728

Dec 31, 2017
64,259

(1)  Cardinal is required to set aside $1,558 as restricted cash to cover the operating and maintenance reserves and $2,700 as letters of credit to cover the debt 

service reserve.

(2)  As at December 31, 2018, Cardinal had swap contracts to convert interest to a fixed rate (See note 8a).

Long-term Debt Covenants

(B) 
For the year ended and as at December 31, 2018, the Corporation and its subsidiaries complied with all financial and non-
financial debt covenants.

Long-term Debt Repayments

(C) 
The following table summarizes total principal payments required under each of the Corporation's facilities in the next five years 
and thereafter:

Year of Repayment
Power

Within one year One year to five years
247,003

49,355

Beyond five years
472,207

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Total
768,565

Page 45

NOTE 16.  LIABILITY FOR ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
The carrying value of these obligations is based on estimated cash flows required to settle these obligations in present day 
costs. The costs relate to site restoration and decommissioning of Cardinal and the operating wind and hydro power facilities. 

The following table provides the underlying assumptions and reconciles the Corporation's total asset retirement obligation 
activity:

Assumptions:
Expected settlement date

Inflation rate

Credit adjusted discount rate

Balance, beginning of year
Business acquisition

Revision of estimates

Liabilities incurred

Accretion expense

Balance, end of year

NOTE 17.  SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
The following table summarizes the Corporation's share capital:

As at
Common and Class A shares

Preferred shares

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

2020– 2078

2020– 2062

2.0%

2.0%

4.75% - 5.75% 3.5% - 5.75%

10,161

—

(1,155)
—

436

9,442

7,165

1,598

1,009

55
334

10,161

Dec 31, 2018
62,270

Dec 31, 2017
62,270

72,020

134,290

72,020

134,290

Common and Class A Shares

(A) 
Capstone is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common and Class A shares, all of which have the same rights and 
attributes.

Continuity for the year ended

(000s shares and $000s)

Opening balance
Issuance of Class A shares (1)
Return of capital (1)
Business acquisition (2)
Ending balance

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

Shares Carrying Value
62,270
304,609

Shares Carrying Value
40,433
227,733

—

—

—

304,609

—

—

—
62,270

76,876

—

—
304,609

86,332

(86,332)
21,837

62,270

(1)  On March 31, 2017, Irving converted the remaining SEK tranche of the promissory note payable into 76,876 newly issued Class A shares, which increased 

share capital by $86,332. Additionally, Capstone distributed $86,332 to Irving as a return of capital which impacted share capital. The transaction did not change 
the value of Capstone's Class A shares. Refer to note 3 for details.

(2)  Refer to note 3 for changes related to the acquisition of remaining interests of wind facilities.

Preferred Shares

(B) 
Capstone is authorized to issue preferred shares equal to 50% of the outstanding common shares. As at December 31, 2018 
and 2017, there were 3,000 series A preferred shares issued and outstanding, with a carrying value of $72,020. 

The series A preferred shares have a cumulative discretionary dividend, which resets on each 5-year anniversary; the next 
anniversary date is July 31, 2021. The shares are non-voting and redeemable at the Corporation's discretion. 

In accordance with the terms of the share agreement, all preferred shares accrue dividends at a fixed rate of 3.271% per annum 
and preferred dividends are paid quarterly.

Dividends

(C) 
No dividends were declared in 2018 or 2017 in respect of the Corporation's common shareholders.

For the year ended
Preferred shares declared (1), (2)
(1) 
(2)  Capstone has included $409 of accrued preferred dividends as declared on November 14, 2018 (2017 - $409).

Includes $34 of deferred income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018 (2017 - $71).

Dec 31, 2018
2,486

Dec 31, 2017
2,523

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 46

Capital Management

(D) 
The Corporation manages its capital, which is defined as the aggregate of long-term debt and preferred shareholders' equity, to 
achieve the following objectives:

•  Maintain a capital structure that provides financial flexibility to the Corporation to ensure access to debt on commercially 

reasonable terms, without exceeding its debt capacity; 

•  Maintain financial flexibility in order to preserve its ability to meet financial obligations, including debt servicing payments and 

distribution payments; and

•  Deploy capital to provide an appropriate investment return to its security holders.

The Corporation's financial strategy is designed to maintain a capital structure consistent with the objectives stated above and to 
respond to changes in economic conditions. In doing so, the Corporation may receive capital contributions from its common 
shareholder, issue additional shares, issue additional debt, issue debt to replace existing debt with similar or different 
characteristics, or adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders.

The Corporation's financing and refinancing decisions are made on a specific transaction basis and depend on such things as 
the Corporation's needs and economic conditions at the time of the transaction. 

The Corporation is not subject to any external capital requirements and is in compliance with all debt covenants as described in 
note 15.

Non-controlling Interests

NOTE 18.  NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
(A) 
Non-controlling interests represent ownership interests by third parties in businesses consolidated by Capstone. Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Chi-Wiikwedong, GHG, Snowy Ridge ("SR"), Settlers Landing ("SL"), and Buffalo Atlee non-controlling interests as at 
December 31, 2018 were:

• 

• 

Amherst is 49% owned by Firelight Infrastructure Partners LP ("Firelight").

Saint-Philémon is 48.9% owned by Municipalité Régionale de Comté de Bellechasse and 0.1% owned by Municipalité de 
Saint-Philémon (the "Municipal partners").

•  Goulais is 49% owned by Batchewana First Nation ("BFN").

•  GHG, SR and SL have a debenture with a subsidiary of One West Holdings Ltd. ("Concord"), convertible into a 50% 

ownership interest in the projects.

• 

Buffalo Atlee is 25% owned by Sawridge First Nation ("Sawridge").

Capstone has agreements with each partner that govern distributions from these investments. In addition, distributions must also 
comply with the respective debt agreements.

The balances and changes in non-controlling interests are:

January 1, 2017
NCI portion of net income

Dividends declared

Net convertible debenture repayments

As at December 31, 2017
NCI portion of net income

Dividends declared

Net convertible debenture repayments

As at December 31, 2018

(1)  Net income is allocated based on pro-rata share of distributions.

Firelight's
interest in
Amherst

Municipal 
interest in 
Saint-
Philémon

9,574

736
(931)
—
9,379

1,313
(1,764)
—
8,928

2,335

196

(1,035)

—
1,496

162
(764)
—
894

BFN's 
interest in 
Goulais (1)
20,038

61

(1,274)

—
18,825

118

(1,265)

—
17,678

Concord's
interest in
GHG, SR & SL

29,470

—

—
(3,921)
25,549

—

—
(2,963)
22,586

Total

61,417

993
(3,240)
(3,921)
55,249

1,593
(3,793)
(2,963)
50,086

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 47

(B) 

Summarized Information for Material Partly Owned Subsidiaries

As at

December 31, 2018

December 31, 2017

Summarized Statements of Financial
Position

Amherst

Philémon Goulais

Saint-

GHG, SR &
SL

Amherst

Saint-
Philémon

Goulais

GHG, SR &
SL

Assets

Current

Non-current

Liabilities

Current

Non-current

Total equity

Attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

NCI

For the year ended

2,113

54,537

1,953

53,419

1,831

1,248

(2,588)

(33,499)

20,563

(2,276)
(48,000)
5,096

(193)

—

2,886

11,635

8,928

20,563

4,202

(14,792)

894
5,096

17,678

2,886

December 31, 2018

Saint-

Summarized Statements of Income

Amherst

Philémon Goulais

405

68,704

—

—
69,109

46,523

22,586

69,109

2,503

57,532

2,766

56,711

4,225

2,054

(2,768)

(35,785)
21,482

(3,410)

(49,871)
6,196

(2,494)
—
3,785

12,103

9,379

21,482

4,700

1,496

6,196

(15,040)

18,825

3,785

December 31, 2017

969

68,704

—

—
69,673

44,115

25,549

69,664

GHG, SR &
SL

Amherst

Saint-
Philémon

Goulais

GHG, SR &
SL

Revenue

9,130

7,795

2,810

5,925

8,662

7,934

2,677

7,418

Total net income and comprehensive
income

Attributable to:

Shareholders of Capstone

NCI

2,679

330

366

5,928

1,508

401

118

7,408

1,366

1,313

2,679

168

162

330

248

118

366

5,928

—
5,928

772

736

1,508

205

196

401

57

61
118

7,408

—
7,408

For the year ended

Summarized Statements of Cash
Flows

December 31, 2018

Saint-

Amherst

Philémon Goulais

GHG, SR &
SL

Amherst

Saint-
Philémon

Goulais

GHG, SR &
SL

December 31, 2017

Operating

Investing

Financing

5,533
(105)
(5,752)

3,347

1,369

(46)

—

5,928

—

3,440

—

(3,912)

(3,750)

(5,925)

(3,804)

4,618
(36)
(3,017)

6,025

—
(4,210)

7,421
(1,807)
(7,418)

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and
equivalents

(324)

(611)

(2,381)

3

(364)

1,565

1,815

(1,804)

Convertible debentures with Concord

(C) 
On November 16, 2015, a subsidiary of CPC issued an unsecured convertible debenture to a subsidiary of Concord. The 
debenture allows Concord to eventually acquire a 50% interest in the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. Under 
the terms of the debenture, both Capstone and Concord will equally fund ongoing equity requirements relating to the these 
projects. In addition, Capstone and Concord will equally share any distributions made from the projects, which are based on the 
availability of cash from the projects. Distributions to Concord prior to conversion of the debenture are principal repayments. At 
either Capstone or Concord's option, subject to limited conditions, the debenture is convertible into 50% of the outstanding equity 
of the entities holding the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. The debenture is classified as an equity instrument 
in accordance with IAS 32 because there are no fixed payment obligations, including principal and interest. The debenture is 
included in the non-controlling interest component within the consolidated statement of shareholders' equity because it is 
attributable to Concord's interest in the GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing projects. The initial principal contribution of the 
debenture was $31,408. The face value decreased to $25,549 as at December 31, 2017 and $22,586 as at December 31, 2018.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 48

Share Appreciation Rights Plan

NOTE 19.  SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
(A) 
On April 1, 2017, a SAR plan was approved by the board. The SAR plan allows up to 15,230,458 SAR units, or 5% of the 
number of shares issued, to be granted. At the beginning of 2018, there were 9,899,791 units outstanding, 380,761 were granted 
during the year, and there were 10,280,552 units outstanding as at December 31, 2018. A SAR unit entitles the holder to the 
appreciation in value of one unit over a period of time. The SAR units have a maximum life of 13 years and vest upon a sale 
transaction, defined as more than 50% of the equity securities of Capstone being sold to a third party. The sale price will 
determine the ultimate fair value of the SAR units on the vesting date. The SAR units will be settled in cash for individuals who 
meet the vesting conditions on the vesting date. No liability has been recorded as a sale transaction is not currently probable.

Long-term Incentive Plans

(B) 
On April 1, 2017, Capstone awarded a discretionary cash-based LTIP to members of senior management. The LTIP accrues 
based on passage of time, until the vesting date of December 31, 2019. Employees who depart prior to the vesting date will 
forfeit their LTIP. The LTIP expense included in wages and benefits was $139 in 2018 (2017 - $104).

NOTE 20.  REVENUE BY NATURE
Capstone's power segment revenue is generated through long-term power contracts which vary in nature as disaggregated 
below. The corporate activities do not generate revenue.

Wind (1)
Gas (2)
Biomass (3)
Solar

Hydro

Total Revenue

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
113,566

Dec 31, 2017
93,512

25,269

15,402

15,059

14,333

21,160

8,640

15,747

15,104

183,629

154,163

(1)  Wind revenue for 2017 excludes the results of Glen Dhu and Fitzpatrick wind facilities, which were equity accounted.
(2)  Gas revenue at Cardinal consists of fixed payments for providing capacity and availability based on its PPA and other contracts; the remaining revenue is 

variable based on production.

(3)  Biomass revenue includes $3,553 of grant funding eligibility for Whitecourt for the year (2017 - $4,800).

As at December 31, 2018, Capstone has trade receivable balances of $25,156 (2017 - $23,723). 

NOTE 21.  EXPENSES BY NATURE

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

Operating

Admin.

Maintenance & supplies

16,987

Wages and benefits
Property expenses (1)
Fuel and transportation
Professional fees (2)
Power facility administration

Insurance

Other

Total

9,918

8,948

6,939
95

2,797

2,182

2,522

50,388

—
5,310

490

—
364

—

120
1,245

7,529

Project
Development
Costs
—

—
98

—
2,653

—

—
170

16,987

15,228

9,536

6,939
3,112

2,797

2,302

3,937

9,442

9,301

7,996

5,581
2,492

2,366

2,430

2,682

2,921

60,838

42,290

Project
Development
Costs
—
562

—

—
1,250

—

—
278

Total

9,442

15,650

8,493

5,581
4,795

2,366

2,559

4,212

2,090

53,098

—
5,787

497

—
1,053

—
129

1,252

8,718

Total Operating

Admin.

(1)  Property expenses include leases, utilities, and property taxes.
(2)  Professional fees include legal, audit, tax and other advisory services.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 49

NOTE 22.  OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES

Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments (1)
Losses on disposal of capital assets (2)
Other

Other gains and (losses), net

For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018
(5,074)
(437)
253
(5,258)

Dec 31, 2017
9,930
(3,507)
14
6,437

(1)  Unrealized losses on derivative financial instruments were attributable to a decrease in the Whitecourt embedded derivative asset primarily due to the 

introduction of EPCs and decreases in assets related to the interest rate swap contracts due to lower long-term interest rates since December 31, 2017.

(2)  Losses in 2017 primarily relate to capital assets replaced as part of Whitecourt's refurbishment.

NOTE 23.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Corporation, either directly or indirectly through its subsidiaries, has entered into various contracts and commitments in 
addition to the commitments described in note 7 financial instruments, note 8 financial risk management, notes 15 long-term 
debt, 16 liability for asset retirement obligation and 17 shareholders' equity as at December 31, 2018 were as follows:

Leases

(A) 
Minimum operating lease payments comprised:

Operating leases

Within one year One year to five years
18,271

4,503

 Beyond five years
37,013

 Total
59,787

The following leases have been included in the table based on known minimum operating lease commitments as follows:

•  Capstone's operating wind facilities and wind development projects have entered into agreements for the use, or option to 

use, land in connection with the operation of existing and future wind facilities. Payment under these agreements is typically 
a minimum amount with additional payments dependent on the amount of power generated by the wind facility. The 
agreements can be renewed and extend as far as 2061.

•  Cardinal leases the site on which it is located from Ingredion Canada Corporation ("Ingredion"). Under the lease, Cardinal 

pays monthly rent. The lease extends through 2034 and expires concurrently with the Energy Savings Agreement between 
Ingredion and Cardinal. 

• 

• 

Amherstburg leases the land on which its operating facilities are located. The terms of the lease agreements extend to 2036. 

The Corporation has an operating lease for the corporate office ending in 2023.

Capstone's operating lease commitments with no minimum operating lease commitments required were:

•  Capstone has agreements with the Provinces of Ontario and British Columbia for the lease of certain lands and water rights 
necessary for the operation of its hydro power facilities. The payments under these agreements vary based on actual power 
production. The terms of the lease agreements extend between 2033 and 2042. 

Capital Commitments

(B) 
Capstone enters into capital commitments in the normal course of operations. As part of Capstone's power development 
operations, Capstone enters various construction and purchase agreements. 

Power Purchase Agreements

(C) 
A significant portion of the Corporation's electricity revenue is earned through long-term PPAs. The majority of these contracts 
include terms and conditions customary to the industry. For Cardinal's contract, the nature of the material commitments includes: 
electricity capacity; availability; and production targets. For the remaining power facilities, Capstone is not obligated to deliver 
electricity; however, in certain circumstances, if a facility fails to meet the performance requirements, the operating facilities' PPA 
may be terminated after a specified period of time.

(D)  Management Services Agreements
Capstone has agreements with all the partially owned wind facilities and development projects, including Amherst, Saint-
Philémon, Goulais, GHG, Snowy Ridge and Settlers Landing. For the operating projects, these agreements are primarily for the 
provision of management and administration services and are based on an agreed percentage of revenue. The development 
projects additionally include a development fee for the successful completion of the projects, which pays an agreed fee per MW 
on completion of development.

(E)  Wood Waste Supply Agreement
The Whitecourt and Millar Western fuel supply agreement for wood waste includes sharing mechanisms regarding the price 
received for electricity sold by Whitecourt.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

Page 50

Operations and Maintenance ("O&M") Agreements

(F) 
Cardinal has a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited covering the gas turbine at Ingredion's 15 MW facility. The 
contract expires on November 24, 2023.

Capstone has several service and maintenance agreements covering the turbines in operation on various wind facilities. The 
agreements provide for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance and require annual minimum payments, subject to inflationary 
increases, as applicable.

Capstone has an O&M agreement with Regional Power OPCO Inc. ("Regional") to operate and maintain the hydro power 
facilities. Regional is paid a monthly management fee and is eligible for an annual incentive fee. The original agreement expires 
on November 30, 2021.

Energy Savings Agreement ("ESA")

(G) 
Cardinal has an ESA with Ingredion which matures on December 31, 2034. Under the terms of the ESA, Cardinal is required to 
provide O&M services in respect of the 15 MW plant, and supply steam and compressed air to Ingredion for the use of its 
manufacturing facility. Cardinal entered into a maintenance contract with Siemens Canada Limited in connection with the 
operation and maintenance of the 15 MW plant in order to support Cardinal's satisfaction of the O&M terms of the ESA.

Guarantees

(H) 
Capstone has provided limited recourse guarantees on the project debt of certain wind projects totalling $6,000 as at 
December 31, 2018. Capstone has also provided a guarantee to the former 25% owner of the Grey Highlands Clean wind facility 
which provides future contractual payments subsequent to 2019 based on operational performance up to an aggregate amount 
of $4,614. The guarantee terminates when the final payment is made on March 21, 2021.

Transactions with iCON Infrastructure LLP and subsidiaries ("iCON")

NOTE 24.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
(A) 
Fees earned from iCON Infrastructure Canada Inc. ("iCON Canada"), a subsidiary of iCON, under a shared service 
arrangement, are reported in the consolidated statements of income as an administrative expense recovery. During 2018, 
Capstone earned fees of $232 from iCON Canada (2017 - $174). As at December 31, 2018, accounts receivable included $124 
due from iCON Canada. Refer to note 3 for a series of equity transactions with iCON.

Compensation of Key Management

(B) 
Key management includes the Corporation's directors, Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") 
during the year. Compensation awarded to key management consisted of salaries, directors' fees, short-term employee benefits, 
long-term incentive plans, and termination benefits paid.

Key Management Compensation for the year ended
Salaries, directors' fees and short-term employee benefits

Termination benefits

Dec 31, 2018
1,173

Dec 31, 2017
1,295

—
1,173

1,140

2,435

NOTE 25.  SEGMENTED INFORMATION
The Corporation’s business has one reportable segment, which contains the power operations in order to assess performance 
and allocate capital, as well as the remaining corporate activities. Management evaluates performance primarily on revenue, 
expenses and EBITDA. In 2017, there was one other reporting segment which was sold on March 3, 2017 and thus presented as 
discontinued operations. Cash generating units within the power segment have similar economic characteristics based on the 
nature of the products or services they provide, the customers they serve, the method of distributing those products or services 
and the prevailing regulatory environment.

Segments consist of:

Power

The Corporation’s investments in natural gas, wind, hydro, biomass and solar power, as well as project development.

Discontinued operations (refer to note 3)

Utilities – district heating (“DH”)

The district heating business (Värmevärden), in which the Corporation holds a 33.3% indirect interest until March 3, 2017.

Geographical
Location

Canada

Sweden

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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For the year ended

Dec 31, 2018

Dec 31, 2017

Revenue (1)

Expenses

EBITDA

Interest expense

Income tax recovery (expense)

Net income (loss)

Additions to capital assets, net

Additions to PUD

Continuing Operations

Continuing Operations

Power

Corporate

Total

Power

Corporate

Total

Discontinued 
Operations (2)

Total

183,629

(51,990)

130,790

(38,797)

(4,165)

9,974

3,535

865

—

(8,848)

(8,114)

—

2,150

(6,077)

—

—

183,629

(60,838)

122,676

(38,797)

(2,015)

3,897

3,535

865

154,163

(44,322)

118,567

(36,668)

(4,027)

11,147

17,967

14,383

—

(8,776)

(8,512)

—

(13,514)

(22,088)

—

—

154,163

(53,098)

110,055

(36,668)

(17,541)

(10,941)

17,967

14,383

—

—

—

—

—

129,317

—

—

154,163

(53,098)

110,055

(36,668)

(17,541)

118,376

17,967

14,383

(1)  Power revenue includes $3,553 of grant funding eligibility for Whitecourt for the year (2017 - $4,800).
(2)  Relates to the utilities - DH segment.

NOTE 26.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Watford Wind Facility Acquisition
On February 1, 2019, Capstone acquired the assets of the Watford Wind Facility from Zephyr Farms Limited. The 10MW 
operating wind facility is located near the municipality of Brooke-Alvinston in Ontario and operates under a PPA that expires in 
2032. Funding for the asset purchase came from existing cash.

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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INVESTOR INFORMATION

Quick Facts

Preferred shares outstanding

Securities exchange and symbols

Toronto Stock Exchange: CSE.PR.A

3,000,000

CONTACT INFORMATION
Address: 
155 Wellington Street West, Suite 2930
Toronto, ON M5V 3H1
www.capstoneinfrastructure.com
Email: info@capstoneinfra.com

Contacts:

Andrew Kennedy
Chief Financial Officer
Tel: 416-649-1300
Email: akennedy@capstoneinfra.com

CAPSTONE INFRASTRUCTURE CORPORATION 

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