CareTrust REIT
Annual Report 2022

Plain-text annual report

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 10-K (Mark One) ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 or ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _____ to _____ Commission file number 001-36181 CareTrust REIT, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Maryland (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 46-3999490 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 905 Calle Amanecer, Suite 300, San Clemente, CA 92673 (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (949) 542-3130 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share Trading Symbol(s) CTRE Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer ☒ ☐ Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company ☐ ☐ ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act.) Yes ☐ No ☒ Table of Contents State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $1.8 billion. As of February 8, 2023, there were 99,511,924 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the registrant’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of fiscal year 2022, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report. Table of Contents Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity PART II Securities [Reserved] Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures Controls and Procedures Other Information Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation PART III Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accountant Fees and Services PART IV Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules Form 10-K Summary Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. Item 9C. Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Item 15. Item 16. Signatures 5 21 34 35 35 35 35 39 39 52 52 52 52 55 55 56 56 56 56 56 58 60 61 3 Table of Contents STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Certain statements in this report may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Those forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding our intent, belief or expectations, including, but not limited to, statements regarding: future financing plans, business strategies, growth prospects and operating and financial performance; expectations regarding the making of distributions and the payment of dividends; and compliance with and changes in governmental regulations. Words such as “anticipate(s),” “expect(s),” “intend(s),” “plan(s),” “believe(s),” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “seek(s)” and similar expressions, or the negative of these terms, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could lead to actual results differing materially from those projected, forecasted or expected. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be attained. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects or which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to: (i) the impact of possible additional surges of COVID-19 infections or the risk of other pandemics, epidemics or infectious disease outbreaks, measures taken to prevent the spread of such outbreaks and the related impact on our business or the businesses of our tenants; (ii) the ability and willingness of our tenants to meet and/or perform their obligations under the triple-net leases we have entered into with them, including without limitation, their respective obligations to indemnify, defend and hold us harmless from and against various claims, litigation and liabilities; (iii) the risk that we may have to incur additional impairment charges related to our assets held for sale if we are unable to sell such assets at the prices we expect; (iv) the ability of our tenants to comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations in the operation of the properties we lease to them; (v) the ability and willingness of our tenants to renew their leases with us upon their expiration, and the ability to reposition our properties on the same or better terms in the event of nonrenewal or in the event we replace an existing tenant, as well as any obligations, including indemnification obligations, we may incur in connection with the replacement of an existing tenant; (vi) the availability of and the ability to identify (a) tenants who meet our credit and operating standards, and (b) suitable acquisition opportunities and the ability to acquire and lease the respective properties to such tenants on favorable terms; (vii) the ability to generate sufficient cash flows to service our outstanding indebtedness; (viii) access to debt and equity capital markets; (ix) fluctuating interest rates and inflation; (x) the ability to retain our key management personnel; (xi) the ability to maintain our status as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”); (xii) changes in the U.S. tax law and other state, federal or local laws, whether or not specific to REITs; (xiii) other risks inherent in the real estate business, including potential liability relating to environmental matters and illiquidity of real estate investments; and (xiv) any additional factors included in this report, including in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report, as such risk factors may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except in the normal course of our public disclosure obligations, we expressly disclaim any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based. TENANT INFORMATION This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes information regarding certain of our tenants that lease properties from us, some of which are not subject to SEC reporting requirements. The Ensign Group, Inc. (“Ensign”) and The Pennant Group, Inc. (“Pennant”) are subject to the reporting requirements of the SEC and are required to file with the SEC annual reports containing audited financial information and quarterly reports containing unaudited financial information. You are encouraged to review Ensign and Pennant’s publicly available filings, which can be found at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The information related to our tenants contained or referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K was provided to us by such tenants or derived from SEC filings or other publicly available information. We have not verified this information through an independent investigation or otherwise. We have no reason to believe that this information is inaccurate in any material respect, but we cannot provide any assurance of its accuracy. We are providing this data for informational purposes only. 4 Table of Contents PART I All references in this report to “CareTrust REIT,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean CareTrust REIT, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context suggests otherwise, references to “CareTrust REIT, Inc.” mean the parent company without its subsidiaries. ITEM 1. Business Our Company CareTrust REIT is a self-administered, publicly-traded REIT engaged in the ownership, acquisition, financing, development and leasing of skilled nursing, seniors housing and other healthcare-related properties. As of December 31, 2022, CareTrust REIT’s real estate portfolio consisted of 216 skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), multi-service campuses, assisted living facilities (“ALFs”) and independent living facilities (“ILFs”) consisting of 22,831 operational beds and units located in 28 states with the highest concentration of properties by rental income located in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona. As of December 31, 2022, we also had other real estate related investments consisting of three real estate secured loans receivable and two mezzanine loans receivable with a carrying value of $156.4 million. The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions from January 1, 2022 through February 9, 2023 (dollars in thousands): Type of Property Skilled nursing Purchase Price(1) $ 8,918 $ Initial Annual Cash Rent Number of Properties Number of Beds/Units(2) 135 815 1 Multi-service campuses 13,003 Total $ 21,921 $ 1,235 2,050 1 2 130 265 (1) Purchase price includes capitalized acquisition costs. (2) The number of beds/units includes operating beds at the acquisition date. The following table summarizes other real estate related investments by the Company from January 1, 2022 through February 9, 2023 (dollars in thousands): Investment Annual Initial Interest Income(1) Number of Properties Number of Beds/ Units(2) Investment Type Senior mortgage secured loan receivable Mezzanine loan receivable Mortgage secured loan receivable Mortgage secured loan receivable $ 75,000 $ 25,000 22,250 24,900 Total $ 147,150 $ 6,281 2,750 1,891 2,241 13,163 18 N/A 5 4 27 1,796 N/A 600 690 3,086 (1) Represents annualized acquisition-date interest income on any mortgage secured loans receivable and mezzanine loans, less subservicing fees, if applicable. For floating rate loans, interest income has been calculated using the benchmark rate floor. (2) The number of beds/units includes operating beds at the investment date. From January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022, we sold seven SNFs, five ALFs, one multi-service campus and one land parcel, resulting in a net loss on sale of property of $3.8 million. Subsequent to December 31, 2022, we sold one ALF. We generate revenues primarily by leasing healthcare-related properties to healthcare operators in triple-net lease arrangements, under which the tenant is solely responsible for the costs related to the property (including property taxes, insurance, maintenance and repair costs and capital expenditures, subject to certain exceptions in the case of properties leased to Ensign and Pennant). From time to time, we also extend secured mortgage loans to healthcare operators, secured by healthcare- related properties, and secured mezzanine loans to healthcare operators, secured by membership interests in healthcare-related properties. We conduct and manage our business as one operating segment for internal reporting and internal decision making purposes. We expect to grow our portfolio by pursuing opportunities to acquire additional properties that will be leased to a diverse group of local, regional and national healthcare providers, which may include new or existing skilled nursing operators, as well as seniors housing operators and related businesses. We also anticipate diversifying our portfolio over time, including by acquiring properties in different geographic markets, and in different asset classes. In addition, we actively monitor the clinical, regulatory and financial operating results of our tenants, and work to identify opportunities within their operations and 5 Table of Contents markets that could improve their operating results at our facilities. We communicate such observations to our tenants; however, we have no contractual obligation to do so. Moreover, our tenants have sole discretion with respect to the day-to-day operation of the facilities they lease from us, and how and whether to implement any observation we may share with them. We also actively monitor the overall occupancy, skilled mix, and other operating metrics of our tenants on at least a monthly basis including, beginning in the quarter ended June 30, 2020, any stimulus funds received by each tenant. We have replaced tenants in the past, and may elect to replace tenants in the future, if they fail to meet the terms and conditions of their leases with us. In addition, we have, and may from time to time in the future, repurpose facilities for other uses, such as behavioral health. The replacement tenants may include tenants with whom we have had no prior landlord-tenant relationship as well as current tenants with whom we are comfortable expanding our relationships. We have also provided select tenants with strategic capital for facility upkeep and modernization, as well as short-term working capital loans when they are awaiting licensure and certification or conducting turnaround work in one or more of our properties, and we may continue to do so in the future. In addition, we periodically reassess the investments we have made and the tenant relationships we have entered into, and have selectively disposed of facilities or investments, or terminated such relationships, and we expect to continue making such reassessments and, where appropriate, taking such actions. We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2014. We believe that we have been organized and have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner to qualify for taxation as a REIT. We operate through an umbrella partnership, commonly referred to as an UPREIT structure, in which substantially all of our properties and assets are held through CTR Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”). The Operating Partnership is managed by CareTrust REIT’s wholly owned subsidiary, CareTrust GP, LLC, which is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. To maintain REIT status, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we annually distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains. Our Industry The skilled nursing industry has evolved to meet the growing demand for post-acute and custodial healthcare services generated by an aging population, increasing life expectancies and the trend toward shifting of patient care to lower cost settings. We believe this evolution has led to a number of favorable improvements in the industry, as described below: • • Shift of Patient Care to Lower Cost Alternatives. The growth of the senior population in the United States continues to increase healthcare costs. In response, federal and state governments have adopted cost-containment measures that encourage the treatment of patients in more cost-effective settings such as SNFs, for which the staffing requirements and associated costs are often significantly lower than acute care hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation facilities and other post-acute care settings. As a result, SNFs are generally serving a larger population of higher-acuity patients than in the past. The same trend is impacting ALFs, which are now generally serving some patients who previously would have received services at SNFs. Significant Acquisition and Consolidation Opportunities. The skilled nursing industry is large and highly fragmented, characterized predominantly by numerous local and regional providers. We believe this fragmentation provides significant acquisition and consolidation opportunities for us. • Widening Supply and Demand Imbalance. The number of SNFs has declined modestly over the past several years. According to the American Health Care Association, the nursing home industry was comprised of approximately 15,200 facilities as of July 2022, as compared with over 15,600 facilities as of July 2016. We expect that the supply/ demand imbalance in the skilled nursing industry will increasingly favor skilled nursing and assisted living providers due to the shift of patient care to lower cost settings and an aging population. • Increased Demand Driven by Aging Populations. As seniors account for a higher percentage of the total U.S. population, we believe the overall demand for skilled nursing services will increase. At present, the primary market demographic for skilled nursing services is individuals age 75 and older. The 2020 U.S. Census reported that there were over 56 million people in the United States in 2020 over the age of 65. The U.S. Census estimates this group to be one of the fastest growing segments of the United States population, projecting that it will almost double between 2020 and 2060. According to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, nursing home care facilities and continuing care retirement expenditures are projected to grow from approximately $196.8 billion in 2020, which includes federal expenditures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, to approximately $273 billion in 2030. Although skilled nursing and seniors housing occupancy rates have declined during the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that these trends in population will support an increasing demand for skilled nursing services in the long- term, which in turn will likely support an increasing demand for the services provided within our properties. 6 Table of Contents Portfolio Summary We have a geographically diverse portfolio of properties, consisting of the following types as of December 31, 2022: • • • Skilled Nursing Facilities. SNFs are licensed healthcare facilities that provide restorative, rehabilitative and nursing care for people not requiring the more extensive and sophisticated treatment available at acute care hospitals. Treatment programs include physical, occupational, speech, respiratory and other therapies, including sub-acute clinical protocols such as wound care and intravenous drug treatment. Charges for these services are generally paid from a combination of government reimbursement and private sources. As of December 31, 2022, our portfolio included 178 SNFs, 24 of which are located on campuses that also have ALFs or ILFs, which we refer to as multi- service campuses (see below under “Multi-Service Campuses”). Assisted Living Facilities. ALFs are licensed healthcare facilities that provide personal care services, support and housing for those who need help with activities of daily living, such as bathing, eating and dressing, yet require limited medical care. The programs and services may include transportation, social activities, exercise and fitness programs, beauty or barber shop access, hobby and craft activities, community excursions, meals in a dining room setting and other activities sought by residents. These facilities are often apartment-like buildings with private residences ranging from single rooms to large apartments. Certain ALFs may offer higher levels of personal assistance for residents requiring memory care as a result of Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia. The level of personal assistance that may be provided at ALFs is based in part on state regulations. Since states often apply differing license classifications, and standards, regulatory requirements may differ significantly between states. As of December 31, 2022, our portfolio included 36 ALFs, some of which also contain independent living and memory care units. Included in the 36 ALFs are five ALFs classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022, two facilities which are in the process of being repurposed and two facilities which are non-operational. Independent Living Facilities. ILFs, also known as retirement communities or senior apartments, are not healthcare facilities and are not licensed to provide healthcare services to residents. The facilities typically consist of entirely self-contained apartments, complete with their own kitchens, baths and individual living spaces, as well as parking for tenant vehicles. They are most often rented unfurnished, and generally can be personalized by the tenants, and are typically occupied by an individual or a couple over the age of 55. These facilities offer various services and amenities such as laundry, housekeeping, dining options/meal plans, exercise and wellness programs, transportation, social, cultural and recreational activities, on site security and emergency response programs. As of December 31, 2022, our portfolio included 2 ILFs. • Multi-Service Campuses. Multi-service campuses generally include some combination of co-located SNFs, ALFs, ILFs, and/or memory care units all housed at a single location and operated as a continuum of care. We also refer to continuing care retirement communities as multi-service campuses. These facilities are often marketed as an opportunity for residents to “age in place,” and tend to attract couples where the individuals may require or benefit from differing levels of care. As of December 31, 2022, our portfolio included 24 facilities that we classify as multi- service campuses. Our portfolio of SNFs, ALFs, ILFs and multi-service campuses is broadly diversified by geographic location throughout the United States, with concentrations in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona based on rental income. Significant Master Leases As of December 31, 2022, we leased 94 facilities to subsidiaries of Ensign, which have a total of 10,399 operational beds. We have leased a significant number of our properties to subsidiaries of Ensign on a triple-net basis under eight long-term leases, each with its own pool of properties, that have varying maturities and diversity in both property type and geography (each an “Ensign Master Lease” and collectively, the “Ensign Master Leases”). The Ensign Master Leases provide for initial terms in excess of ten years with staggered expiration dates and no purchase options. At Ensign’s option, each Ensign Master Lease may be extended for up to three five-year renewal terms beyond the initial term and, if elected, the renewal will be effective for all of the leased property then subject to the applicable Ensign Master Lease. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company acquired four additional facilities leased to subsidiaries of Ensign on a triple-net basis under two separate master lease agreements, each of which contains a purchase option. As of December 31, 2022, annualized contractual rental income from the Ensign Master Leases was $62.3 million, and annualized contractual rental income from all Ensign leases was $66.2 million, representing 33% and 35% of total annualized contractual rental income, respectively. Rent is escalated annually in June under the Ensign Master Leases, and in December for the four additional facilities leased to Ensign, by an amount equal to the product of (1) the lesser of the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) (but not less than zero) or 2.5%, and (2) the prior year’s rent. The Ensign Master Leases are guaranteed by Ensign and contain cross-default provisions. The obligations under the lease agreements for the four additional facilities are guaranteed by Ensign but do not contain cross- default provisions with the Ensign Master Leases. 7 Table of Contents As of December 31, 2022, 15 of our properties were leased to subsidiaries of Priority Management Group (“PMG”) on a triple-net basis under one long-term lease (the “PMG Master Lease”), and have a total of 2,144 operational beds. The PMG Master Lease commenced on December 1, 2016, and provides for an initial term of fifteen years, with two five-year renewal options. As of December 31, 2022, annualized contractual rental income from the PMG Master Lease was $30.2 million, representing 16% of total annualized contractual rental income. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Business - We are dependent on the healthcare operators that lease our properties to successfully operate their business and make contractual lease payments, and an event that materially and adversely affects their business, financial position or results of operations could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position or results of operations.” We monitor the creditworthiness of our tenants by evaluating the ability of the tenants to meet their lease obligations to us based on the tenants’ financial performance, including the evaluation of any guarantees of tenant lease obligations. The primary basis for our evaluation of the credit quality of our tenants (and more specifically the tenants’ ability to pay their rent obligations to us) is the tenants’ lease coverage ratios. These coverage ratios compare (i) earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and rent (“EBITDAR”) to rent coverage, and (ii) earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, rent and management fees (“EBITDARM”) to rent coverage. We utilize a standardized 5% management fee when we calculate lease coverage ratios. We obtain various financial and operational information from our tenants each month. We regularly review this information to calculate the above-described coverage metrics, to identify operational trends, to assess the operational and financial impact of the changes in the broader industry environment (including the potential impact of government reimbursement and regulatory changes), and to evaluate the management and performance of the tenants’ operations. These metrics help us identify potential areas of concern relative to our tenants’ credit quality and ultimately the tenants’ ability to generate sufficient liquidity to meet their ongoing obligations, including their obligations to continue paying contractual rents due to us and satisfying other financial obligations to third parties, as prescribed by our triple-net leases. 8 Table of Contents Properties by Type: The following table displays the geographic distribution of our facilities and the related number of beds and units available for occupancy by property type, as of December 31, 2022. The number of beds or units that are operational may be less than the official licensed capacity. State TX CA ID IA UT AZ WA IL LA CO OH NE FL MI NV MT WI MN NC NJ IN MD NM GA ND SD WV OR Total Total SNFs Multi-Service Campuses ALFs and ILFs Properties Beds/ Units Facilities Beds Campuses Beds/ Units Facilities Beds/ Units 3 8 1 2 1 — — 2 1 — 3 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 — 24 536 1,359 69 169 272 — — 274 215 — 356 146 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 67 — 3,463 3 5 — — 3 3 1 — — 2 — — 4 4 2 — 3 2 2 2 1 1 — — — — — — 38 242 437 — — 189 369 97 — — 268 — — 420 189 212 — 206 62 104 98 162 120 — — — — — — 3,175 44 40 17 15 13 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 216 5,627 4,844 1,474 970 1,374 1,340 936 916 1,164 779 612 366 420 189 304 259 206 62 104 98 162 120 116 105 83 81 67 53 22,831 38 27 16 13 9 8 9 7 7 5 3 3 — — 1 3 — — — — — — 1 1 1 1 — 1 154 4,849 3,048 1,405 801 913 971 839 642 949 511 256 220 — — 92 259 — — — — — — 116 105 83 81 — 53 16,193 9 Table of Contents Occupancy by Property Type: The following table displays occupancy by property type for each of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Percentage occupancy in the below table is computed by dividing the average daily number of beds occupied by the total number of beds available for use during the periods indicated (beds are included in the computation following the date of acquisition, or through the date of disposition, only). Property Type Facilities Leased to Tenants: (3) SNFs Multi-Service Campuses ALFs and ILFs Year Ended December 31, 2022(1) 2021(2) 73 % 71 % 74 % 69 % 66 % 73 % (1) Occupancy data excludes two facilities which are in the process of being repurposed and two non-operational ALFs while we identify an operator. (2) Occupancy data excludes two non-operational ALFs while we identify an operator. (3) Occupancy data derived solely from information provided by our tenants without independent verification by us. The leased facility financial performance data is presented one quarter in arrears. Property Type - Rental Income: The following tables display the annual rental income for each property type leased to third-party tenants for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and total beds/units for each property type as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Property Type SNFs Multi-Service Campuses ALFs and ILFs Total Property Type SNFs Multi-Service Campuses ALFs and ILFs Total For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 As of December 31, 2022 Rental Income (in thousands) Percent of Total Total Beds/ Units $ $ 135,701 33,149 18,656 187,506 72 % 18 % 10 % 100 % 16,193 3,463 3,175 22,831 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 As of December 31, 2021 Rental Income (in thousands) Percent of Total Total Beds/ Units $ $ 133,380 30,440 26,375 190,195 70 % 16 % 14 % 100 % 16,614 3,545 3,491 23,650 10 Table of Contents Geographic Concentration - Rental Income: The following table displays the geographic distribution of annual rental income for properties leased to third-party tenants for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands). State CA TX LA ID AZ UT IL CO IA WA OH MI MT NV NC MN NE GA SD NM WV VA WI ND OR MD FL IN Total $ $ For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Rental Income Percent of Total Rental Income Percent of Total 51,553 41,021 17,092 14,446 12,968 7,612 6,074 5,796 5,318 4,793 4,128 3,003 2,188 2,177 1,172 1,064 995 944 944 937 751 539 520 461 411 247 222 130 187,506 27 % $ 22 % 9 % 8 % 7 % 4 % 3 % 3 % 3 % 3 % 2 % 2 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % * * * * * * * * * 100 % $ 47,304 38,127 16,322 13,917 12,652 7,453 4,893 5,642 5,322 4,936 9,071 3,081 2,128 2,123 1,135 1,038 970 949 917 1,023 727 3,449 3,045 448 399 588 1,681 855 190,195 25 % 20 % 9 % 7 % 7 % 4 % 3 % 3 % 3 % 3 % 5 % 2 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % * * * * * 2 % 2 % * * * 1 % * 100 % • Represents less than 1% Investment and Financing Policies Our investment objectives are to increase cash flow, provide quarterly cash dividends, maximize the value of our properties and acquire properties with cash flow growth potential. We intend to invest primarily in SNFs and seniors housing, including ALFs and ILFs. We are expanding our investments into behavioral health facilities and we may determine in the future to expand our investments to include medical office buildings, long-term acute care hospitals and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Our properties are located in 28 states and we intend to continue to acquire properties in other states throughout the United States. Although our portfolio currently consists primarily of owned real property, future investments may include first mortgages, mezzanine debt and other securities issued by, or joint ventures with, REITs or other entities that own real estate consistent with our investment objectives. 11 Table of Contents Our Competitive Strengths We believe that our ability to acquire, integrate and improve facilities is a direct result of the following key competitive strengths: Geographically Diverse Property Portfolio. Our properties are located in 28 different states, with concentrations in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona based on rental income. The properties in any one state do not account for more than 27% of our total rental income as of December 31, 2022. We believe this geographic diversification will limit the effect of changes in any one market on our overall performance. Long-Term, Triple-Net Lease Structure. All of our properties, except two properties under a short-term lease, are leased to our tenants under long-term, triple-net leases, pursuant to which the operators are responsible for all facility maintenance and repair, insurance required in connection with the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties, taxes levied on or with respect to the leased properties and all utilities and other services necessary or appropriate for the leased properties and the business conducted on the leased properties. Financially Secure Primary Tenant. Ensign is an established provider of healthcare services with strong financial performance and accounted for 35% of our 2022 rental income, exclusive of operating expense reimbursements. Ensign is subject to the reporting requirements of the SEC and is required to file with the SEC annual reports containing audited financial information and quarterly reports containing unaudited financial information. Ensign’s publicly available filings can be found at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Ability to Identify Talented Operators. As a result of our management team’s operating experience and network of relationships and insight, we believe that we are able to identify and pursue working relationships with qualified local, regional and national healthcare providers and seniors housing operators. We expect to continue our disciplined focus on pursuing investment opportunities, primarily with respect to stabilized assets but also some strategic investment in new and/or improving properties, while seeking dedicated and engaged operators who possess local market knowledge, have solid operating records and emphasize quality services and outcomes. We intend to support these operators by providing strategic capital for facility acquisition, upkeep and modernization. Our management team’s experience gives us a key competitive advantage in objectively evaluating an operator’s financial position, care and service programs, operating efficiencies and likely business prospects. Experienced Management Team. David M. Sedgwick was appointed as our Chief Executive Officer effective January 1, 2022. At the time of his appointment, Mr. Sedgwick was serving as our President, a role he had filled since February 2021, and he continues to hold that title. He previously served as our Chief Operating Officer from August 2018 through 2021, and as our Vice President-Operations from CareTrust’s launch as an independent public company in 2014 to 2018. Mr. Sedgwick has more than 20 years of experience in the skilled nursing and seniors housing industry. Mr. Sedgwick’s President, Chief Operating Officer and Vice President duties regularly involved him in matters related to new investments, asset management, tenant relations, portfolio management, portfolio optimization, investor relations and capital markets activities for the Company. Prior to joining CareTrust, Mr. Sedgwick served as the Chief Human Capital Officer and President of Facility Services at Ensign. Mr. Sedgwick has been a licensed nursing home administrator since 2001. Our Chief Financial Officer, William M. Wagner, has more than 25 years of accounting and finance experience, primarily in real estate, including more than 15 years of experience working extensively for REITs. Most notably, he worked for both Nationwide Health Properties, Inc., a healthcare REIT, and Sunstone Hotel Investors, Inc., a lodging REIT, serving as Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of each company prior to joining us as our Chief Financial Officer. James B. Callister was appointed as our Executive Vice President effective July 2022 and Chief Investment Officer effective December 31, 2022, succeeding Mark D. Lamb in that role. Mr. Callister continues to serve as Secretary, and previously served as General Counsel from February 2021 to July 2022. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Callister worked as a real estate attorney and a partner at the law firm of Sherry Meyerhoff Hanson & Crance LLP and, before that, at the law firm of O’Melveny & Myers LLP. Since 2008, he has worked almost exclusively on healthcare REIT transactions, closing on acquisitions or financings of over 300 skilled nursing, seniors housing, and independent living facilities. Mr. Callister has assisted in the structure, negotiating and closing of all of our acquisitions since our formation as a REIT. As an attorney, Mr. Callister worked for nearly 20 years in private practice representing and advising clients in a diverse array of real estate transactions. Mr. Callister’s transactions-based legal experience has focused on the representation of publicly-traded REITs in the acquisition, disposition, leasing, and financing of healthcare-related properties. Mr. Callister holds a B.A. in History from Brigham Young University and a J.D. from the J. Reuben Clark Law School at Brigham Young University, where he graduated magna cum laude. Flexible UPREIT Structure. We operate through an umbrella partnership, commonly referred to as an UPREIT structure, in which substantially all of our properties and assets are held through the Operating Partnership. Conducting business through the Operating Partnership allows us flexibility in the manner in which we structure the acquisition of properties. In particular, an UPREIT structure enables us to acquire additional properties from sellers in exchange for limited 12 Table of Contents partnership units, which provides property owners the opportunity to defer the tax consequences that would otherwise arise from a sale of their real properties and other assets to us. As a result, this structure allows us to acquire assets in a more efficient manner and may allow us to acquire assets that the owner would otherwise be unwilling to sell because of tax considerations. Business Strategies Our primary goal is to create long-term stockholder value through the payment of consistent cash dividends and the growth of our asset base. To achieve this goal, we intend to pursue a business strategy focused on opportunistic acquisitions and property diversification. We also intend to further develop our relationships with tenants and healthcare providers with a goal to progressively expand the mixture of tenants managing and operating our properties. The key components of our business strategies include: Diversify Asset Portfolio. We diversify through the acquisition of new and existing facilities from third parties and the expansion and upgrade of current facilities and strategically investing in new developments with options to acquire the developments at stabilization. We employ what we believe to be a disciplined, opportunistic acquisition strategy with a focus on the acquisition of SNFs, ALFs and ILFs. We plan to expand our investments into behavioral health facilities and we may determine in the future to expand our investments to include medical office buildings, long-term acute care hospitals and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. As we acquire, or invest in, additional properties, we expect to further diversify by geography, asset class and tenant within the healthcare and healthcare-related sectors. Maintain Balance Sheet Strength and Liquidity. We maintain a capital structure that provides the resources and flexibility to support the growth of our business. We intend to maintain a mix of credit facility debt, unsecured debt and possibly secured mortgage debt, which, together with our anticipated ability to complete future equity financings, including issuances of our common stock via registered public offerings or under an at-the-market equity program, we expect will fund the growth of our property portfolio. Develop New Tenant Relationships. We cultivate new relationships with tenants and healthcare providers in order to expand the mix of tenants operating our properties. We expect that this objective will be achieved over time as part of our overall strategy to acquire new properties and further diversify our portfolio of healthcare properties. Provide Capital to Underserved Operators. We believe there is a significant opportunity to be a capital source to healthcare operators, through the acquisition and leasing of healthcare properties to them that are consistent with our investment and financing strategy at appropriate risk-adjusted rates of return, which, due to size and other considerations, are not a focus for larger healthcare REITs. We pursue acquisitions and strategic opportunities that meet our investing and financing strategy and that are attractively priced, including funding development of properties through preferred equity or construction loans and thereafter entering into sale and leaseback arrangements with such developers as well as other secured term financing and mezzanine lending. We utilize our management team’s operating experience, network of relationships and industry insight to identify both large and small quality operators in need of capital funding for future growth. In appropriate circumstances, we may negotiate with operators to acquire individual healthcare properties from those operators and then lease those properties back to the operators pursuant to long-term triple-net leases. Fund Strategic Capital Improvements. We support operators by providing capital to them for a variety of purposes, including capital expenditures and facility modernization. We expect to structure these investments as either lease amendments that produce additional rents or as loans that are repaid by operators during the applicable lease term. Pursue Strategic Development Opportunities. We work with operators and developers to identify strategic development opportunities. These opportunities may involve replacing or renovating facilities that may have become less competitive. We also identify new development opportunities that present attractive risk-adjusted returns. We may provide funding to the developer of a property in conjunction with entering into a sale leaseback transaction or an option to enter into a sale leaseback transaction for the property. Competition We compete for real property investments with other REITs, investment companies, private equity and hedge fund investors, sovereign funds, pension funds, healthcare operators, lenders and other institutional investors. Some of these competitors are significantly larger and have greater financial resources and lower costs of capital than us. Increased competition will make it more challenging to identify and successfully capitalize on acquisition opportunities that meet our investment objectives. Our ability to compete is also impacted by national and local economic trends, availability of investment alternatives, availability and cost of capital, construction and renovation costs, existing laws and regulations, new legislation and population trends. In addition, revenues from our properties are dependent on the ability of our tenants and operators to compete with other healthcare operators. Healthcare operators compete on a local and regional basis for residents and patients and their ability to 13 Table of Contents successfully attract and retain residents and patients depends on key factors such as the number of facilities in the local market, the types of services available, the quality of care, reputation, age and appearance of each facility and the cost of care in each locality. Private, federal and state payment programs and the effect of other laws and regulations may also have a significant impact on the ability of our tenants and operators to compete successfully for residents and patients at the properties. Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility As a healthcare-focused REIT, our assets are an integral part of the overall healthcare continuum in the communities that our tenants serve. We believe that environmental sustainability is an important part of our commitment to helping people live and age well in those communities. We are working to implement sustainable practices in our corporate offices and to provide tenant education, support and incentives to make sustainable improvements at our net-leased properties. In 2022, we published our second annual Corporate Responsibility Report (our “ESG Report”) as part of our ongoing commitment to provide regular reporting on our environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) priorities. Our ESG Report outlines our high priority ESG initiatives and goals for our company and our property portfolio. In our 2022 ESG Report, we included a Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Index in reference to the GRI Standards to further align with applicable global standards for sustainability reporting. During 2020, with the assistance of Conservice ESG, our ESG consultant, we designed a monitoring plan to collect key environmental data from a pilot group of 50 of our net-leased properties. The plan’s objective was to begin benchmarking energy and water usage and the impact of our facilities on greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. During 2021, we implemented the plan’s monitoring systems and began collecting data for this pilot group of 50 properties, increasing to almost 100 properties by the end of 2022. We expect the data to help us identify the most promising opportunities for improvement in our portfolio, set informed ESG goals and measure progress over time. In addition, as a landlord and capital supplier to a key segment of the healthcare industry, we will seek further opportunities to encourage and incentivize fair and healthy work environments for healthcare workers and suitable living conditions for patients and residents, and to promote diversity, inclusion and the ethical treatment of employees, residents, patients and others wherever our activities and influence can be felt. Also in 2020, we published our Tenant Code of Conduct & Corporate Responsibility (our “Tenant ESG Program”). The Tenant ESG Program provides our eligible triple-net tenants with monetary inducements to make sustainable improvements to our properties. Incentive options include a wide variety of opportunities for tenants to upgrade everything from energy and environmental systems to water-saving landscaping and more. Our board of directors has authorized annual allocations of up to $500,000 to fund the Tenant ESG Program. As disclosed in our 2022 ESG Report, we tracked $260,000 in environmental improvements at our properties from August 2021 to October 2022. In 2022, we created and implemented an ESG checklist to be used to review new potential acquisitions. The checklist will help our team better identify and address ESG-related risk and opportunities in each potential acquisition including how tenant- operators can track utility energy and water usage, whether properties are in parts of the country where the U.S. Department of Energy has helped enable energy data for benchmarking purposes and how tenants can grow, develop and enhance their own ESG policies. In addition, we created and implemented an ESG training program to train all employees on our ESG commitments to increase awareness. The foregoing principles and additional ESG initiatives are reflected in our Environmental, Social and Governance policy adopted on October 29, 2021, and previously published Policy on Human Capital, Policy on Human Rights and Responsibilities, Policy on Environmental Sustainability and our proprietary Tenant ESG Program. All of these policies are located on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.caretrustreit.com. The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, our website is not incorporated by reference into, nor does it form a part of, this report or any other document that we file with the SEC. Governance Our corporate governance structure was carefully crafted to align with the interests of our investors and other stakeholders with a core leadership team that has over 65 years of collective experience as operators and investors. The members of our board of directors each bring deep expertise in healthcare, real estate, investing, accounting, and/or business development. In this oversight role, our board of directors serves as the ultimate decision-making body of our company, except for those matters reserved to or shared with our stockholders. Human Capital Resources Our employees are the heart of our company. Our Policy on Human Capital reflects our commitment to the dignity and rights of all people, especially our employees and others whose professional lives may be impacted by our properties and business activities. It represents a critical commitment to, and investment in, the current and long-term health and well-being of 14 Table of Contents our organization and its people. We believe our success depends on our ability to attract, develop and retain key personnel. Our core philosophies and policies in this regard include: Compensation and Benefits. The skills, experience and industry knowledge of key employees significantly benefit our performance. We believe we offer competitive compensation (including salary, incentive bonus and equity) and benefits packages (including a 401(k) plan with a fixed employer contribution, Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs), employer-funded employee assistance program (EAP), a generous vacation, holiday and personal time off policy, and an array of voluntary benefits options and other benefits for employees and their families). Our compensation program is designed to attract and reward talented individuals who possess the skills necessary to support our business objectives, assist in the achievement of our strategic goals and create long-term value for our stockholders. As of December 31, 2022, we employed 15 full-time employees (including our executive officers), none of whom is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily closed our corporate office and most of our employees were working remotely; however, we have since reopened our corporate office with continued workforce flexibility to promote employee safety. Retention and Turnover. Recruiting, hiring, training and retaining excellent employees is a high priority for us. These activities carry real and substantial costs, which we regard as a meaningful investment in our workforce and our company. We believe that employee turnover is costly in direct and indirect ways, and we are committed to employee retention and satisfaction. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we experienced turnover of one full-time employee, excluding our executive officers. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2022, we transitioned the role of our Chief Executive Officer from Mr. Stapley to Mr. Sedgwick, effective January 1, 2022, and our Chief Investment Officer from Mr. Lamb to Mr. Callister, effective December 31, 2022. Training and Education. CareTrust’s culture values continuous learning, improvement and professional development. This helps our employees to keep their skills current and to adapt to new responsibilities and emerging market needs. CareTrust provides financial support for professional associate dues and memberships, continuing education credits, and fees and travel expenses to attend relevant conferences and seminars. Government Regulation, Licensing and Enforcement Overview As operators of healthcare facilities, tenants of our healthcare properties are typically subject to extensive and complex federal, state and local healthcare laws and regulations relating to fraud and abuse practices, government reimbursement, licensure and certificate of need and similar laws governing the operation of healthcare facilities, and we expect that the healthcare industry, in general, will continue to face significant regulation and pressure in the areas of fraud, waste and abuse, cost control, healthcare management and provision of services, among others. These regulations are wide-ranging and can subject our tenants to civil, criminal and administrative sanctions. Affected tenants may find it increasingly difficult and costly to comply with this complex and evolving regulatory environment because of a relative lack of guidance in many areas as certain of our healthcare properties are subject to oversight from several government agencies and the legal requirements often vary from one jurisdiction to another. Changes in laws and regulations and reimbursement enforcement activity and regulatory non-compliance by our tenants could have a significant effect on their operations and financial condition, which in turn may adversely affect us, as detailed below and set forth under “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Business.” The following is a discussion of certain laws and regulations generally applicable to our tenants (as operators of our healthcare facilities) and, in certain cases, to us. Enforcement There are various extremely complex federal and state laws and regulations governing healthcare providers’ relationships and arrangements and prohibiting fraudulent and abusive practices by such providers. These laws include, but are not limited to, (i) federal and state false claims acts, which, among other things, prohibit providers from filing false claims or making false statements to receive payment from Medicare, Medicaid or other federal or state healthcare programs, (ii) federal and state anti- kickback and fee-splitting statutes, including the Medicare and Medicaid anti-kickback statute, which prohibit the payment or receipt of remuneration to induce referrals or recommendations of healthcare items or services, (iii) federal and state provider self-referral laws (including the federal law commonly referred to as the “Stark Law”), which generally prohibit referrals by physicians and in some cases other providers to entities with which the physician or an immediate family member has a financial relationship, and (iv) the federal Civil Monetary Penalties Law, which prohibits, among other things, the knowing presentation of a false or fraudulent claim for certain healthcare services. Violations of healthcare fraud and abuse laws carry civil, criminal and administrative sanctions, including punitive sanctions, monetary penalties, imprisonment, denial of Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement and potential exclusion from Medicare, Medicaid or other federal or state healthcare programs. These laws are enforced by a variety of federal, state and local agencies and can also be enforced by private litigants through, 15 Table of Contents among other things, federal and state false claims acts, which allow private litigants to bring qui tam or “whistleblower” actions. Ensign and our other tenants are (and many of our future tenants are expected to be) subject to these laws, and some of them may in the future become the subject of governmental enforcement actions if they fail to comply with applicable laws. • State and Federal “Fraud and Abuse” Laws and Regulations. The Medicare and Medicaid anti-fraud and abuse amendments to the Social Security Act (the “Anti-Kickback Law”) make it a felony, subject to certain exceptions, for any person to engage in illegal remuneration arrangements with vendors, physicians and other health care providers for the referral of Medicare beneficiaries or Medicaid recipients. When a violation occurs, the government may proceed criminally or civilly. If the government proceeds criminally, a violation is a felony and may result in imprisonment for up to five years, fines of up to $25,000 and mandatory exclusion from participation in all federal health care programs. If the government proceeds civilly, it may impose a civil monetary penalty of $50,000 per violation and an assessment of not more than three times the total amount of remuneration involved, and it may exclude the parties from participation in all federal health care programs. Violations of the Anti- Kickback Statute also serve as a basis for federal False Claims Act cases. Many states have enacted laws similar to, and in some cases broader than, the Anti-Kickback Law. The scope of prohibited payments in the Anti-Kickback Law is broad. The U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) has promulgated regulations which describe certain “safe harbor” arrangements that will not be deemed to constitute violations of the Anti-Kickback Law. An arrangement that fits squarely into a safe harbor is immune from prosecution under the Anti-Kickback Statute. The safe harbors described in the regulations are narrow and do not cover a wide range of economic relationships which many SNFs, physicians and other health care providers consider to be legitimate business arrangements not prohibited by the statute. Because the regulations describe safe harbors and do not purport to describe comprehensively all lawful and unlawful economic arrangements or other relationships between health care providers and referral sources, health care providers entering into these arrangements or relationships may be required to alter them in order to ensure compliance with the Anti-Kickback Law and may be subject to significant liability should an arrangement that does not fully satisfy a safe harbor be determined to be illegal. On November 20, 2020, HHS promulgated significant new Anti-Kickback Law regulations, including changes to existing safe harbors and the creation of new safe harbors, in an effort to reduce regulatory burden and incentivize coordinated care, including value-based arrangements. The False Claims Act provides that any person who “knowingly presents, or causes to be presented” a “false or fraudulent claim for payment or approval” to the U.S. government, or its agents and contractors, is liable for a civil penalty ranging from $5,500 to $11,000 per claim, plus three times the amount of damages sustained by the government. Under the False Claims Act’s so-called “reverse false claims,” liability also could arise for “using” a false record or statement to “conceal,” “avoid” or “decrease” an “obligation” (which can include the retention of an overpayment) “to pay or transmit money or property to the government.” The False Claims Act also empowers and provides incentives to private citizens (commonly referred to as qui tam relator or whistleblower) to file suit on the government’s behalf. The qui tam relator’s share of the recovery can be between 15% and 25% in cases in which the government intervenes, and 25% to 30% in cases in which the government does not intervene. Notably, the Affordable Care Act amended certain jurisdictional bars to the False Claims Act, effectively narrowing the “public disclosure bar” (which generally requires that a whistleblower suit not be based on publicly disclosed information) and expanding the “original source” exception (which generally permits a whistleblower suit based on publicly disclosed information if the whistleblower is the original source of that publicly disclosed information), thus potentially broadening the field of potential whistleblowers. • Restrictions on Referrals. The federal physician self-referral law and its implementing regulations (commonly referred to as the “Stark Law”) prohibits providers of “designated health services” from billing Medicare or Medicaid if the patient is referred by a physician (or his/her immediate family member) with a financial relationship with the entity, unless an exception applies. “Designated health services” include clinical laboratory services; physical therapy services; occupational therapy services; outpatient speech-language pathology; radiology services, including magnetic resonance imaging, computerized axial tomography scans, and ultrasound services; radiation therapy services and supplies; durable medical equipment and services; parenteral and enteral nutrients, equipment and services; prosthetics, orthotics, and prosthetic devices and supplies; home health services; outpatient prescription drugs; and inpatient and outpatient hospital services. The Stark Law also prohibits the furnishing entity from submitting a claim for reimbursement or otherwise billing Medicare or any other person or entity for improperly referred designated health services. Many designated health services are commonly provided in SNFs and ALFs. The new regulations promulgated by HHS, discussed above in “State and Federal ‘Fraud and Abuse’ Laws and Regulations”, include significant changes to the Stark Law regulations, including (i) new exceptions designed to enable more value-based arrangements, (ii) a modification to the existing exception for electronic health records items and services, and (iii) new exceptions for limited remuneration to physicians and for cybersecurity technology and related services. 16 Table of Contents An entity that submits a claim for reimbursement in violation of the Stark Law must refund any amounts collected and may be: (1) subject to a civil penalty of up to $15,000 for each self-referred service; and (2) excluded from participation in federal health care programs. In addition, a physician or entity that has participated in a “scheme” to circumvent the operation of the Stark Law is subject to a civil penalty of up to $100,000 and possible exclusion from participation in federal health care programs. Reimbursement Sources of revenue for our tenants include (and for our future tenants is expected to include), among other sources, governmental healthcare programs, such as the federal Medicare program and state Medicaid programs, and non-governmental payors, such as insurance carriers and health maintenance organizations. As federal and state governments focus on healthcare reform initiatives, and as the federal government and many states face significant budget deficits, efforts to reduce costs by these payors will likely continue, which may result in reduced or slower growth in reimbursement for certain services provided by Ensign and our other tenants. Federal and state authorities are likely to continue to implement new and modified reimbursement methodologies, including value-based methodologies, that could have a negative impact on our tenants. Such changes to reimbursement methodologies could have a material impact on our tenants and we cannot provide assurances that the current revenue levels will be maintained under any future reimbursement arrangements. In addition, the impact of other health care reform efforts, such as “Medicare for all” or the provision of a new Medicare-like public option for consumers to receive health insurance, are impossible to predict. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (collectively, the “Affordable Care Act”) serves as the primary vehicle for comprehensive healthcare reform in the United States. Efforts initiated by the previous administration and certain members of Congress to repeal or make significant changes to the Affordable Care Act, its implementation and/or its interpretation including the successful repeal of the penalty associated with the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act, continue to cast uncertainty on the future of the Affordable Care Act. For example, on December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court in Texas ruled the Affordable Care Act unconstitutional in its entirety. This decision was appealed, and on December 18, 2019, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the Affordable Care Act’s individual mandate was unconstitutional but remanded the case for further analysis. The decision was appealed, and on June 17, 2021, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the plaintiffs lacked standing to challenge the Affordable Care Act’s minimum essential coverage provision. These types of challenges may impact the number of individuals that elect to obtain public or private health insurance or the scope of such coverage, if purchased. Given the divided nature of Congress, it is unclear whether Congress will successfully expand health insurance coverage and assess alternative health care delivery and payment systems. The Republican Party currently controls the United States House of Representatives (by a slim majority) and the Democratic Party currently controls the Senate (by a slim majority). Due to this, healthcare reform legislation would likely require at least some support from both Republican and Democratic lawmakers to become law and it is uncertain whether any healthcare reform legislation will ultimately become law. We cannot predict the ultimate content, timing or effect of any healthcare reform legislation or the impact of potential legislation on our business. If our tenants’ residents do not have insurance, it could adversely impact the tenants’ ability to satisfy their obligations to us. Expansion of health insurance coverage to more citizens could have a positive financial impact on our tenants and their ability to satisfy their obligations to us. Other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted since the Affordable Care Act was enacted, which also may impact our business. For instance, CMS is required to measure, track, and publish readmission rates of SNFs and to implement a value-based purchasing program for SNFs (the “SNF VBP Program”). The SNF VBP Program increases Medicare reimbursement rates for SNFs that achieve certain levels of quality performance measures developed by CMS, relative to other facilities. The value-based payments authorized by the SNF VBP Program are funded by reducing Medicare payment for all SNFs by 2% and redistributing up to 70% of those funds to high-performing SNFs. However, there is no assurance that payments made by CMS as a result of the SNF VBP Program will be sufficient to cover a facility’s costs. If Medicare reimbursement provided to our healthcare tenants is reduced under the SNF VBP Program, that reduction may have an adverse impact on the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations to us. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Business - Healthcare reform legislation impacts cannot accurately be predicted and could adversely affect our results of operations” for additional risks related to changes in Medicare reimbursement. Increased Government Oversight of Skilled Nursing Facilities Section 1150B of the Social Security Act requires employees of federally funded long-term care facilities to immediately report any reasonable suspicion of a crime committed against a resident of that facility. Those reports must be submitted to at least one law enforcement agency and the applicable Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) Survey Agency. Covered individuals who fail to report under Section 1150B are subject to various penalties, including civil monetary penalties of up to $300,000 and possible exclusion from participation in any Federal health care program. Medicare regulations require 17 Table of Contents SNFs to establish and implement written policies to ensure the reporting of crimes that occur in federally funded SNFs in accordance with Section 1150B. In August 2017, the HHS Office of Inspector General (“OIG”) issued a preliminary report regarding quality of care concerns by operators of SNFs. In its report, the OIG determined that CMS has inadequate procedures in place to ensure that incidents of potential abuse or neglect of Medicare beneficiaries residing in SNFs are identified and reported. The report was issued in connection with the OIG’s ongoing review of potential abuse and neglect of Medicare beneficiaries residing in SNFs. As a result of the OIG report, CMS enforcement activity against SNF operators may increase, especially with regard to the reporting of potential abuse or neglect of SNF residents. If any of our tenants or their employees are found to have violated any applicable reporting requirements, they may become subject to penalties or other sanctions up to and including loss of licensure. Healthcare Licensure and Certificate of Need Our healthcare facilities are subject to extensive federal, state and local licensure, certification and inspection laws and regulations. In addition, various licenses and permits are required to operate SNFs and ALFs, dispense narcotics, operate pharmacies, handle radioactive materials and operate equipment. Many states require certain healthcare providers to obtain a certificate of need, which requires prior approval for the construction, modification and closure of certain healthcare facilities. The ability to obtain such approval and/or the approval process may impact some of our tenants’ abilities to expand or change their businesses. Any failure to comply with any of these laws, regulations, or standards could result in penalties which may include loss or restriction of license, loss of accreditation, denial of reimbursement, imposition of fines, suspension or decertification from federal and state healthcare programs, or closure of the facility. Privacy, Security and Data Breach Notification Laws The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended (“HIPAA”) regulates the privacy and security of certain health information (“Protected Health Information”) and requires entities subject to HIPAA to provide notification of breaches of Protected Health Information. Entities subject to HIPAA include health plans, healthcare clearinghouses, and most health care providers (including many of our tenants). Business associates of these entities who create, receive, maintain or transmit Protected Health Information are also subject to HIPAA. Violations of the HIPAA requirements may result in civil monetary penalties of up to $50,000 per violation with a maximum civil penalty of $1.5 million in a calendar year for violations of the same requirement. However, a single breach or incident can result in violations of multiple requirements, resulting in possible penalties well in excess of $1.5 million. Breaches of unsecured Protected Health Information and other violations of HIPAA may have other material adverse consequences including material loss of business, business interruption, loss of patient or other critical data, regulatory enforcement, substantial legal liability and reputational harm. Certain violations of HIPAA can result in criminal penalties and enforcement. Various other state and federal laws relate to privacy, security and the reporting of data breaches involving personal information (together with HIPAA, “Privacy Laws”). For example, various state laws and regulations may regulate the privacy and security of personal information, and require notification of affected individuals in the event of a data breach involving such individual’s personal information (including an individual’s name plus social security number, date of birth or credit card information, for example). Failure of the Company or its tenants to comply with applicable Privacy Laws could have a materially adverse effect on our Company. Failure of our tenants to comply with applicable Privacy Laws could have a material adverse effect on their ability to meet their obligations to us. Furthermore, the adoption of new Privacy Laws at the federal and state level could require us or our tenants to incur significant compliance costs. Americans with Disabilities Act (the “ADA”) Although most of our properties are not required to comply with the ADA because of certain “grandfather” provisions in the law, some of our properties must comply with the ADA and similar state or local laws to the extent that such properties are “public accommodations,” as defined in those statutes. These laws may require removal of barriers to access by persons with disabilities in certain public areas of our properties where such removal is readily achievable. Under our triple-net lease structure, our tenants would generally be responsible for additional costs that may be required to make our facilities ADA- compliant. Noncompliance with the ADA could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. Environmental Matters A wide variety of federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations affect healthcare facility operations. These complex federal and state statutes, and their enforcement, involve a myriad of regulations, many of which involve strict liability on the part of the potential offender. Some of these federal and state statutes may directly impact us. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, an owner of real property, such as us, may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances at, under or disposed of in connection with such property, as well as other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances (including government 18 Table of Contents fines and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property). The cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or personal or property damages and the owner’s liability therefore could exceed or impair the value of the property and/or the assets of the owner. In addition, the presence of such substances, or the failure to properly dispose of or remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner’s ability to sell or rent such property or to borrow using such property as collateral which, in turn, could reduce our revenues. See “Risk Factors - General Risk Factors - Environmental compliance costs and liabilities may materially impair the value of properties owned by us.” REIT Qualification We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2014. Our qualification as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the composition and values of our assets, our distribution levels to our stockholders and the concentration of ownership of our capital stock. We believe that we are organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code and that our manner of operation has and will enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT. The Operating Partnership We own substantially all of our assets and properties and conduct our operations through the Operating Partnership. We believe that conducting business through the Operating Partnership provides flexibility with respect to the manner in which we structure the acquisition of properties. In particular, an UPREIT structure enables us to acquire additional properties from sellers in tax deferred transactions. In these transactions, the seller would typically contribute its assets to the Operating Partnership in exchange for units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (“OP Units”). Holders of OP Units will have the right, after a 12-month holding period, to require the Operating Partnership to redeem any or all of such OP Units for cash based upon the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of CareTrust REIT’s common stock at the time of the redemption. Alternatively, we may elect to acquire those OP Units in exchange for shares of our common stock on a one- for-one basis. The number of shares of common stock used to determine the redemption value of OP Units, and the number of shares issuable in exchange for OP Units, is subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, distributions of warrants or stock rights, specified extraordinary distributions and similar events. The Operating Partnership is managed by our wholly owned subsidiary, CareTrust GP, LLC, which is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and owns one percent of its outstanding partnership interests. As of December 31, 2022, CareTrust REIT is the only limited partner of the Operating Partnership, owning 99% of its outstanding partnership interests, and we have not issued OP Units to any other party. The benefits of our UPREIT structure include the following: • Access to capital. We believe the UPREIT structure provides us with access to capital for refinancing and growth. Because an UPREIT structure includes a partnership as well as a corporation, we can access the markets through the Operating Partnership issuing equity or debt as well as the corporation issuing capital stock or debt securities. Sources of capital include possible future issuances of debt or equity through public offerings or private placements. • Growth. The UPREIT structure allows stockholders, through their ownership of common stock, and the limited partners, through their ownership of OP Units, an opportunity to participate in future investments we may make in additional properties. • Tax deferral. The UPREIT structure provides property owners who transfer their real properties to the Operating Partnership in exchange for OP Units the opportunity to defer the tax consequences that otherwise would arise from a sale of their real properties and other assets to us or to a third party. As a result, this structure allows us to acquire assets in a more efficient manner and may allow us to acquire assets that the owner would otherwise be unwilling to sell because of tax considerations. Insurance We maintain, or require in our leases that our tenants maintain, all applicable lines of insurance on our properties and their operations. The amount and scope of insurance coverage provided by our policies and the policies maintained by our tenants is customary for similarly situated companies in our industry. However, we cannot assure you that our tenants will maintain the required insurance coverages, and the failure by any of them to do so could have a material adverse effect on us. We also cannot assure you that we will continue to require the same levels of insurance coverage under our leases, including the Ensign Master Leases, that such insurance will be available at a reasonable cost in the future or that the insurance coverage provided will fully cover all losses on our properties upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event, nor can we assure you of the future financial viability of the insurers. 19 Table of Contents Available Information We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with SEC. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains these reports, and other information about issuers, like us, which file electronically with the SEC. The address of that site is http://www.sec.gov. We make available our reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K (as well as all amendments to these reports), and other information, free of charge, on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.caretrustreit.com. The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, our website is not incorporated by reference into, nor does it form a part of, this report or any other document that we file with the SEC. 20 Table of Contents ITEM 1A. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business We are dependent on the healthcare operators that lease our properties to successfully operate their businesses and make contractual lease payments, and an event that materially and adversely affects their business, financial position or results of operations could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position or results of operations. Because all of our properties are operated by our tenants pursuant to triple-net master leases, we are unable to directly implement strategic business decisions regarding the daily operation and marketing of these properties. While we have rights as the property owner under our triple-net leases and monitor our tenants’ and operators’ performance, we may have limited recourse under our master leases if we believe that a tenant or operator is not performing adequately, and any failure by a tenant to effectively conduct its operations or to maintain and improve our properties could adversely affect its business reputation and its ability to attract and retain residents in our properties, which in turn, could adversely affect their ability to make rental payments to us and otherwise adversely affect our results of operations, including our ability to repay our outstanding indebtedness or our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders as required to maintain our REIT status. Additionally, because each master lease is a triple-net lease, we depend on our tenants to pay all insurance, taxes, utilities and maintenance and repair expenses and to indemnify, defend and hold us harmless from and against various claims, litigation and liabilities arising in connection with their business. There can be no assurance that our tenants will have sufficient assets, income and financing to enable them to satisfy their contractual lease payment or indemnification obligations. Ensign leases or provides a guaranty for a significant portion of our properties. As of December 31, 2022, properties leased to Ensign represented $66.2 million, or 35%, of total annualized contractual rental income, and properties leased to Pennant under the Pennant Master Lease for which Ensign provides a guaranty (the “Pennant Guaranty”) represented $7.1 million, or 4%, of total annualized contractual rental income. Ensign’s inability or unwillingness to meet its lease obligations or its obligations pursuant to the Pennant Guaranty could materially adversely affect our business, financial position or results of operations. In addition, Ensign’s inability to satisfy its other lease obligations including payment of insurance, taxes and utilities, could materially and adversely affect the condition of the properties leased to Ensign as well as Ensign’s business, financial position and results of operations. Accordingly, if Ensign were to experience a material and adverse effect on its business, financial position or results of operations, our business, financial position or results of operations could also be materially and adversely affected. Further, our dependence on Ensign’s rental payments for a substantial portion of our rental income may limit our ability to enforce our rights under the Ensign leases or the Pennant Guaranty or to terminate the Ensign leases. Ensign’s failure to comply with its lease obligations or its obligations pursuant to the Pennant Guaranty, or with federal and state healthcare laws and regulations to which the leased properties are subject, could require us to find another lessee for such leased properties and result in a decrease in or cessation of rental payments. In such event, we may be unable to locate a suitable lessee at similar rental rates or at all, which would reduce our rental income. We are subject to risks associated with public health crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic and other pandemics or epidemics. We are subject to risks associated with public health crises and government measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, including the global health concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted and is likely to further adversely impact nearly all aspects of our business. Other public health crises, including any future epidemics or pandemic, could result in similar adverse impacts on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. Risks to our business that have been associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and may be associated with future COVID-19 outbreaks or other public health crises, include: • • • one or more of our tenants or borrowers could experience deteriorating financial conditions and be unable or unwilling to pay rent on time and in full (which has, and could continue to result from, among other reasons (i) increased operating costs and staffing requirements related to compliance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) protocols, (ii) decreased occupancy rates, (iii) increased scrutiny by regulators, (iv) potential repayments of relief funds received by tenants, (v) nursing or other staffing shortages; or (vi) decisions by elderly individuals to avoid or delay entrance into assisted living and other long-term care facilities); the possibility we may have to restructure tenants’ obligations and may not be able to do so on terms that are favorable to us; the potential need to recognize asset impairment charges or credit losses on our loans receivable if we determine that the full amount of our investments are not recoverable; 21 Table of Contents • • • • • • • increased costs or delays that we have incurred, and may continue to incur, if we need to reposition or transition any of our currently-leased properties to another tenant or operator, which have adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our revenues and results of operations; risks related to lawsuits and regulatory enforcement actions related to pandemic outbreaks involving us, our tenants, operators or borrowers, including increases in the costs of business, negative publicity and/or further decreases in occupancy and/or profitability at our facilities; the expiration, or lack of enforcement, of liability immunity for health care providers in relation to a qualified pandemic under the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (the “PREP Act”); complete or partial closures of, or other operational issues at, one or more of our properties resulting from government actions or directives; limitations on our access to capital and other sources of funding, which could adversely impact our ability to make new property investments; our ability to continue to make cash distributions to our stockholders commensurate with historical levels; and our ability to repay outstanding debt or maintain compliance with covenants under our Second Amended Credit Facility (as defined below) and the indenture governing our Notes. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic, or other future health crises, may impact our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition depends on many factors which are highly uncertain and are difficult to predict. These factors include, but are not limited to, the duration and spread of any outbreak, the timing, distribution and efficacy of vaccines and other treatments, Unites States and foreign government actions to respond to the outbreak, and how quickly and to what extent normal operation conditions can resume. Unstable market and economic conditions may have serious adverse consequences on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Global credit and financial markets have experienced extreme volatility and disruptions over the past several months, including declines in consumer confidence, concerns about declines in economic growth, increases in the rate of inflation, increases in borrowing rates and changes in liquidity and credit availability, and uncertainty about economic stability, including most recently in connection with actions undertaken by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board to address inflation, the military conflict in Ukraine, the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain disruptions. There can be no assurance that further deterioration in credit and financial markets and confidence in economic conditions will not occur. Our general business strategy may be adversely affected by any such economic downturn, volatile business environment or continued unpredictable and unstable market conditions. Our business could also be impacted by volatility caused by geopolitical events, such as the conflict in Ukraine. A significant downturn in the economic activity may cause a reduction in spending on healthcare matters and our tenants may need to seek to lower their costs by renegotiating leases. Such reductions may disproportionately affect our revenue. In addition, if the current equity and credit markets deteriorate, or do not improve, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult, more costly, and more dilutive. Furthermore, our stock price may decline due in part to the volatility of the stock market and the general economic downturn. Our tenants depend on reimbursement from government and other third-party payors and if reimbursement rates from such payors are reduced by future legislative reform, it could cause our tenants’ revenues to decline and could affect their ability to meet their obligations to us. Sometimes, governmental payors freeze or reduce payments to healthcare providers, or provide annual reimbursement rate increases that are smaller than expected, due to budgetary and other pressures. Healthcare reimbursement will likely continue to be of significant importance to federal and state authorities. For example, the federal government and a number of states are currently managing budget deficits and, as a result, many states are focusing on the reduction of expenditures under their Medicaid programs, which may result in a freeze on Medicaid rates or a decrease in reimbursement rates for our tenants. The need to control Medicaid expenditures may be exacerbated by the potential for increased enrollment in Medicaid due to unemployment and declines in family incomes. These potential reductions could be compounded by the potential for federal cost-cutting efforts that could lead to reductions in reimbursement to our tenants under both the Medicaid and Medicare programs. While we cannot make any assessment as to the ultimate timing or the effect that any future legislative reforms may have on our tenants’ costs of doing business and on the amount of reimbursement by government and other third-party payors, potential reductions in Medicaid and Medicare reimbursement, or in non-governmental third-party payor reimbursement, to our tenants could reduce the revenues of our tenants and their ability to meet their obligations to us. 22 Table of Contents Bankruptcy, insolvency or financial deterioration of our tenants could delay or prevent collection of unpaid rents or require us to find new tenants. We receive substantially all of our income as rental payments under leases of our properties. We have no control over the success or failure of our tenants’ businesses and, at any time, any of our tenants may experience a downturn in its business that may weaken its financial condition. As a result, our tenants have in the past, and may in the future, fail to make rent payments when due, or our tenants may declare bankruptcy. Tenant bankruptcies or failures to make rent payments when due could result in termination of the tenant’s lease and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders (which could adversely affect our ability to raise capital or service our indebtedness). This risk is magnified where we lease multiple properties to a single tenant, such as Ensign. If a tenant is unable to comply with the terms of its lease, we may be forced to write off unpaid amounts due to us from the tenant, move to a cash basis method of accounting for recognizing rental income from the tenant or otherwise modify the tenant’s lease in ways that are unfavorable to us. Alternatively, failure of a tenant to perform under a lease could require us to declare a default, repossess the property, find a suitable replacement tenant, hire third-party managers to operate the property or sell the property. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net for further information. If one or more of our tenants files for bankruptcy relief, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code provides that a debtor has the option to assume or reject the unexpired lease within a certain period of time. Any bankruptcy filing by or relating to one of our tenants could bar all efforts by us to collect pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant or seize its property. A tenant bankruptcy could also delay our efforts to collect past due balances under the leases and could ultimately preclude collection of all or a portion of these sums. It is possible that we may recover substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims we hold, if any, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. Replacement tenants or operators may be difficult to identify and we may be required to incur substantial renovation costs to make our healthcare properties suitable for such tenants or operators. If our tenants terminate or do not renew their leases with us, we would attempt to reposition the properties with another tenant or operator. Rental payments on such properties could decline or cease altogether while we reposition the properties with a suitable replacement tenant or operator and we may be required to fund certain expenses and obligations (e.g., real estate taxes, debt costs and maintenance expenses) to preserve the value of, and avoid the imposition of liens on, such properties while they are being repositioned. Healthcare facilities are typically highly customized and may not be easily adapted to non-healthcare-related uses. The improvements generally required to conform a property to healthcare use, such as upgrading electrical, gas and plumbing infrastructure and security, are costly and at times tenant-specific. A new or replacement tenant may require different features in a property, depending on that tenant’s particular operations. If a current tenant is unable to pay rent and vacates a property, we may incur substantial expenditures to modify a property before we are able to secure another tenant. Supply chain volatility and labor shortages may increase these construction costs. In addition, approvals of local authorities for any required modifications and/or renovations may be necessary, resulting in delays in transitioning a facility to a new tenant. These expenditures or renovations and delays could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, we may fail to identify suitable replacements or enter into leases or other arrangements with new tenants or operators on a timely basis or on terms as favorable to us as our current leases, if at all. If we experience a significant number of properties not under a lease due to the inability to find suitable replacement tenants or successfully reposition the property, our operating expenses could increase significantly. Even after a suitable replacement tenant or operator has taken over operation of a property, it may still take an extended period of time before such property is fully repositioned and value restored, if at all. Any of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to stockholders. The geographic concentration of some of our facilities could leave us vulnerable to an economic downturn, regulatory changes or acts of nature in those areas. As a result of the concentration of our properties in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona as described in “Portfolio Summary” under Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the conditions of local economies and real estate markets, including increases in real estate taxes, changes in governmental rules, regulations and reimbursement rates or criteria, changes in demographics, state funding, acts of nature and other factors that may result in a decrease in demand and/or reimbursement for skilled nursing services in these states could have a disproportionately adverse effect on our tenants’ revenue, costs and results of operations, which may affect their ability to meet their obligations to us. Our facilities located in Texas and Louisiana are especially susceptible to natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes and flooding, and our facilities located in California are particularly susceptible to natural disasters such as fires, earthquakes 23 Table of Contents and mudslides. These types of natural disasters will likely increase in number, scope and intensity as a result of climate change. Further, these acts of nature may cause disruption to our tenants, their employees and our facilities, which could have an adverse impact on our tenants’ patients and businesses. In order to provide patient care, our tenants are dependent on consistent and reliable delivery of food, pharmaceuticals, utilities and other goods to our facilities, and the availability of employees to provide services at the facilities. If the power supply, delivery of goods or the ability of employees to reach our facilities is interrupted in any material respect due to a natural disaster or other reasons, it would have a significant impact on our facilities and our tenants’ businesses at those facilities. Furthermore, the impact, or impending threat, of a natural disaster may require that our tenants evacuate one or more facilities, which would be costly and would involve risks, including potentially fatal risks, for the patients at such facilities. The impact of disasters and similar events is inherently uncertain. Such events could harm our tenants’ patients and employees, severely damage or destroy one or more of our facilities, harm our tenants’ business, reputation and financial performance, or otherwise cause our tenants’ businesses to suffer in ways that we currently cannot predict. In addition, to the extent that significant changes in the climate occur in areas where our properties are located, we may experience extreme weather and changes in precipitation and temperature, all of which may result in physical damage to or a decrease in demand for properties located in these areas or affected by these conditions. Should the impact of climate change be material in nature, including destruction of our properties, or occur for lengthy periods of time, our financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, changes in federal and state legislation and regulation on climate change could result in increased capital expenditures to improve the energy efficiency of our existing properties and could also require us to spend more on our new development properties without a corresponding increase in revenue. We pursue property acquisitions and seek strategic opportunities in the ordinary course of our business, which may result in significant usage of management resources or costs, and we may not fully realize the potential benefits of such transactions. We regularly review, evaluate, engage in discussions regarding, and pursue acquisitions of properties and seek other strategic opportunities in the ordinary course of business in order to maximize stockholder value. We may devote a significant amount of our management resources to, and incur significant costs in connection with, such transactions, which may not result in definitive agreements or the completion of any transaction and could negatively impact our operations. In addition, there is no assurance that we will fully realize the potential benefits of any past or future acquisition or strategic transaction. Additionally, from time to time, we may invest in preferred equity interests in joint ventures. Our use of joint ventures may be subject to risks that may not be present with other ownership methods. Our joint ventures may involve property development, which presents additional risks that could render a development project less profitable or not profitable at all and, under certain circumstances, may prevent completion of development activities once undertaken. If we cannot identify and purchase a sufficient quantity of suitable properties at favorable prices or if we are unable to finance acquisitions on commercially favorable terms, or at all, our business, financial position or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, any future acquisitions may require the issuance of securities, the incurrence of debt, assumption of contingent liabilities or incurrence of significant expenditures, each of which could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. Additionally, the fact that we must distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income in order to maintain our qualification as a REIT may limit our ability to rely upon rental payments from our leased properties or subsequently acquired properties in order to finance acquisitions. As a result, if debt or equity financing is not available on acceptable terms, further acquisitions might be limited. Increased competition has resulted and may further result in lower net revenues for some of our tenants and may affect their ability to meet their financial and other contractual obligations to us. The healthcare industry is highly competitive. The occupancy levels at, and results of operations from, our facilities are dependent on our ability and the ability of our tenants to compete with other tenants and operators on a number of different levels, including the quality of care provided, reputation, the physical appearance of a facility, price, the range of services offered, family preference, amenities, alternatives for healthcare delivery, the supply of competing properties, physicians, staff, referral sources, location, and the size and demographics of the population in the surrounding area. Operating expenses such as food, utilities, taxes, insurance and rent or debt service continue to increase. In addition, our tenants face an increasingly competitive labor market for skilled management personnel and nurses together with Medicaid reimbursement in some states that does not cover the full cost of caring for residents. Significant turnover, or a shortage of nurses or other trained personnel or general inflationary pressures on wages, may force tenants to enhance pay and benefits packages to compete effectively for skilled personnel, or to use more expensive contract personnel, but they may be unable to offset these added costs by increasing the rates charged to residents. Any increase in labor costs and other property operating expenses or any failure by our tenants to attract and retain qualified personnel could reduce the revenues of our tenants and their ability to meet their obligations to us. Our tenants also compete with numerous other companies providing similar healthcare services or alternatives such as home health agencies, life care at home, community-based service programs, retirement communities and convalescent centers. We cannot be certain that our tenants will be able to achieve occupancy and rate levels, or manage their expenses, in a way that 24 Table of Contents will enable them to meet all of their obligations to us. Further, many competing companies may have resources and attributes that are superior to those of our tenants. They may encounter increased competition that could limit their ability to maintain or attract residents or expand their businesses or to manage their expenses, either of which could adversely affect their ability to meet their obligations to us, potentially decreasing our revenues, impairing our assets, and/or increasing our collection and dispute costs. In addition, if development of seniors housing facilities outpaces demand for those assets in markets in which we are located, those markets may become saturated and our seniors housing tenants and operators could experience decreased occupancy, which may affect their ability to meet their financial and other contractual obligations to us. Required regulatory approvals can delay or prohibit transfers of our healthcare properties, which could result in periods in which we are unable to receive rent for such properties. Our tenants that operate SNFs and other healthcare facilities must be licensed under applicable state law and, depending upon the type of facility, certified or approved as providers under the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs. Prior to the transfer of the operations of such healthcare properties to successor operators, the new operator generally must become licensed under state law and, in certain states, receive change of ownership approvals under certificate of need laws (which provide for a certification that the state has made a determination that a need exists for the beds located on the property) and, if applicable, file for a Medicare and Medicaid change of ownership. Upon termination or expiration of existing leases, delays or the failure of the new tenant in receiving regulatory approvals from the applicable federal, state or local government agencies, may prolong the period during which we are unable to collect rent and the property may experience performance declines. We could also incur substantial additional expenses in connection with any licensing, receivership or change of ownership proceedings. We may not be able to sell properties when we desire because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position or results of operations. Real estate investments are generally illiquid. As a result, we may be unable to vary our portfolio promptly in response to changes in the real estate market. A downturn in the real estate market could materially and adversely affect the value of our properties and our ability to sell such properties for acceptable prices or terms. We also cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a property or portfolio of properties. These factors and any others that would impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the performance of our properties could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position or results of operations and our ability to pay dividends and make distributions. We or our tenants may experience uninsured or underinsured losses, which could result in a significant loss of the capital we have invested in a property, decrease anticipated future revenues or cause us to incur unanticipated expenses. Our lease agreements require that the tenant maintain general and professional liability insurance and comprehensive liability and hazard insurance. However, there are certain types of losses (including, but not limited to, losses arising from environmental conditions or of a catastrophic nature, such as earthquakes, wildfires, hurricanes and floods) that may be uninsurable or not economically insurable. In addition, insurance coverage may be insufficient to pay the full current market value or replacement cost of any loss. Inflation, changes in tort liability laws, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations, and other factors also might make it infeasible to use insurance proceeds to protect a tenant in a liability claim or replace a property after such property has been damaged or destroyed. Under such circumstances, the insurance proceeds received might not be adequate to restore the economic position with respect to such tenant or property. If one of our tenants experiences a material general or professional liability loss that is uninsured or exceeds policy coverage limits, it may be unable to satisfy its lease payment obligations to us. If one of our properties experiences a loss that is uninsured or that exceeds policy coverage limits, we could lose the capital invested in the damaged property as well as the anticipated future cash flows from the property. In addition, even if damage to our properties is covered by insurance, business disruptions caused by a casualty event may result in lost revenue for our tenants or us for which insurance may not fully compensate them or us for such loss of revenue. If one of our tenants experiences such a loss, it may be unable to satisfy its lease payment obligations to us. We are, and may continue to be, exposed to contingent rent escalators, which could hinder our profitability and growth. We derive revenue primarily by leasing our assets under long-term triple-net leases with rental rates that, subject to certain limitations, are generally fixed with annual rent escalations contingent on changes in the Consumer Price Index, subject to maximum fixed percentages. If the Consumer Price Index does not increase, our revenues may not increase. In addition, if economic conditions result in significant increases in the Consumer Price Index, but the escalations under our leases are capped, our growth and profitability also may be limited. 25 Table of Contents Risks Related to Laws and Regulations Healthcare reform legislation impacts cannot accurately be predicted and could adversely affect our results of operations. We and the healthcare operators leasing our properties depend on the healthcare industry and are susceptible to risks associated with healthcare reform. Legislative proposals are introduced each year that would introduce major changes in the healthcare system, both nationally and at the state level. For example, we believe that efforts may be made to, among other things, transition Federal payment programs further in the direction of value based care, but we cannot predict whether or in what form any of these measures may be enacted, or what effect they would have on our business or the businesses of our tenants if enacted. Efforts may also be made to reduce the age at which individuals become eligible for Medicare, which could have an adverse impact on our tenants because Medicare sometimes reimburses long term care providers at rates lower than those paid by commercial payors. We also believe that additional resources may be dedicated to regulatory enforcement, which could increase our tenants’ costs of doing business and negatively impact their ability to pay their rent obligations to us. Additional stimulus funding for state and local governments may have a positive impact on our tenants because it may alleviate some pressures on state and local governments to reduce overall Medicaid expenditures. Our tenants are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations affecting the healthcare industry that include those relating to, among other things, licensure, conduct of operations, ownership of facilities, addition of facilities and equipment, allowable costs, services, prices for services, qualified beneficiaries, quality of care, patient rights and insurance, fraudulent or abusive behavior, and financial and other arrangements that may be entered into by healthcare providers. See “Government Regulation, Licensing and Enforcement” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information. If our tenants or operators fail to comply with the laws, regulations and other requirements applicable to their businesses and the operation of our properties, they could become ineligible to receive reimbursement from governmental and private third-party payor programs, face bans on admissions of new patients or residents, suffer civil or criminal penalties or be required to make significant operational changes. Changes in enforcement policies by federal and state governments have also resulted in a significant increase in inspection rates, citations of regulatory deficiencies and sanctions, including terminations from Medicare and Medicaid programs, bars on Medicare and Medicaid payments for new admissions, civil monetary penalties and criminal penalties. Our tenants and operators could be forced to expend considerable resources responding to an investigation, lawsuit or other enforcement action under applicable laws or regulations. Additionally, if our tenants’ residents do not have insurance, it could adversely impact the tenants’ ability to satisfy their obligation to us. We cannot predict whether any future legislative proposals will be adopted or, if adopted, the impact these proposals would have on our tenants or our business. Tenants that fail to comply with applicable requirements of governmental reimbursement programs, such as Medicare or Medicaid, may cease to operate or be unable to meet their financial and other contractual obligations to us. Our tenants are subject to the following risks, among others, relating to governmental healthcare reimbursement programs: statutory and regulatory changes; retroactive rate adjustments; recovery of program overpayments or set-offs; administrative rulings; policy interpretations; payment or other delays by fiscal intermediaries or carriers; government funding restrictions (at a program level or with respect to specific facilities); and interruption or delays in payments due to any ongoing governmental investigations and audits. We expect healthcare reimbursement will continue to be a significant focus for federal and state authorities in their cost control efforts. We cannot predict the timing or effects of any future legislative reforms on our tenants’ business costs or government and other third-party payor reimbursement. More generally, because of the dynamic nature of the legislative and regulatory environment for health care products and services, and in light of existing federal budgetary concerns, we cannot predict the impact that broad-based, far-reaching legislative or regulatory changes could have on the U.S. economy, our business or that of our operators and tenants. The failure of any of our tenants to comply with these laws, requirements and regulations could materially and adversely affect their ability to meet their financial and contractual obligations to us. Government investigations and enforcement actions brought against the health care industry have increased dramatically over the past several years and are expected to continue, particularly in the area of Medicare/Medicaid false claims, as well as an increase in the intensity of enforcement actions resulting from these investigations. Some of these enforcement actions represent novel legal theories and expansions in the application of the False Claims Act. Medicare, Medicaid and other governmental health care payors require reporting of extensive financial information in a specific format or content. These requirements are technical and complex and may not be properly implemented by billing or reporting personnel. For certain required information, False Claims Act violations may occur without any intent to defraud by mere negligence or recklessness in information submission to the government. New billing systems, medical procedures and procedures for which there is not clear guidance may all result in liability. In addition, violations of the Anti-Kickback Law or Stark Law and, for provider tenants who received pandemic relief funds, the failure to comply with terms and conditions related to receipt or repayment of those funds, may form the basis for a federal False Claims Act violation. See “Government Regulation, Licensing and Enforcement,” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information. 26 Table of Contents Many states have adopted laws similar to the False Claims Act, some of which apply to claims submitted to private and commercial payors, not just governmental payors. Violations of such laws by an operator of a health care property could result in loss of accreditation, denial of reimbursement, imposition of fines, suspension or decertification from government healthcare programs, civil liability, and in certain limited instances, criminal penalties, loss of license or closure of the property and/or the incurrence of considerable costs arising from an investigation or regulatory action. If we or our tenants fail to adhere to applicable privacy and data security laws, or experience a data security incident or breach, this could have a material adverse effect on us or on our tenants’ ability to meet their obligations to us. We and our tenants are subject to HIPAA and various other state and federal laws that relate to privacy and data security, including the reporting of data breaches involving personal information as discussed in “Government Regulation, Licensing and Enforcement - Privacy, Security and Data Breach Notification Laws” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Failure to comply with these requirements could have a materially adverse effect on us and the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations to us. Furthermore, the adoption of new privacy, security and data breach notification laws at the federal and state level could require us or our tenants to incur significant compliance costs. In addition, the cost and operational consequences of responding to cybersecurity incidents and breaches and implementing remediation measures could be significant. While we and our tenants maintain various security controls, there is a risk of data security incidents or breaches resulting from unintentional or deliberate acts by third parties or insiders attempting to obtain unauthorized access to information, destroy or manipulate data, or disrupt or sabotage information systems. The trend toward increased remote work and rapid implementation of telehealth within the health care industry in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may have created new or increased cyber risks. Cyber incidents range from individual attempts to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems to sophisticated attacks by hacking groups and nation-state actors. Information technology systems are a vital part of the business of our Company and our tenants, and a security incident or breach could result in a material loss of business, business interruption, loss of patient or other critical data, regulatory enforcement, substantial legal liability and reputational harm. Despite the deployment of commercially reasonable efforts and sophisticated techniques to prevent cyber incidents, information systems remain potentially vulnerable because the techniques used by hackers continue to evolve and are designed not to be detected. In fact, some unauthorized access may not be detected for an extended period of time. As a result, we or our tenants may suffer cybersecurity incidents where we or our tenants have implemented cybersecurity protections. A data security incident or breach occurring at or involving the Company could have a material adverse impact on our Company. Where the data security incident or breach occurs at or involves a tenant, this could jeopardize the tenant’s ability to fulfill its obligations to us. Tenants that fail to comply with federal, state and local licensure, certification and inspection laws and regulations may cease to operate our healthcare facilities or be unable to meet their financial and other contractual obligations to us. The healthcare operators to whom we lease properties are subject to extensive federal, state, local and industry-related licensure, certification and inspection laws, regulations and standards. Our tenants’ failure to comply with any of these laws, regulations or standards could result in adverse publicity and reputational harm as well as penalties which may include loss or restriction of license, loss of accreditation, denial of reimbursement, imposition of fines, suspension or decertification from federal and state healthcare programs, or closure of the facility. Though the regulatory environment in which SNFs operate is more restrictive than for ALFs, ALFs face similar penalties for noncompliance with applicable legal requirements. For example, operations at our properties may require a license, registration, certificate of need, provider agreement or certification. Failure of any tenant to obtain, or the loss or imposition of restrictions on any required license, registration, certificate of need, provider agreement or certification would prevent a facility from operating in the manner intended by such tenant. Additionally, failure of our tenants to generally comply with applicable laws and regulations could adversely affect facilities owned by us, result in adverse publicity and reputational harm, and therefore could materially and adversely affect us. See “Government Regulation, Licensing and Enforcement - Healthcare Licensure and Certificate of Need” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information. Environmental compliance costs and liabilities may materially impair the value of properties owned by us. Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, as a current or previous owner of real estate, we may be required to investigate and clean up certain hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum released at a property, and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage and for investigation and cleanup costs incurred by the third parties in connection with the contamination. In addition, some environmental laws create a lien on the contaminated site in favor of the government for damages and the costs it incurs in connection with the contamination. Neither we nor our tenants carry environmental insurance on our properties. Contamination or the failure to remediate contamination may materially adversely affect our ability to sell or lease the real estate or to borrow using the real estate as collateral. As the owner of a site, we may also be held liable to third parties for damages and injuries resulting from environmental contamination emanating from the site. Although we generally require our tenants, as operators of our healthcare properties, to indemnify us 27 Table of Contents for environmental liabilities they cause, such liabilities could exceed the financial ability of the tenant to indemnify us or the value of the contaminated property. We may also experience environmental liabilities arising from conditions not known to us. Risks Related to Our Status as a REIT If we fail to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax as a regular corporation and could face substantial tax liability, which could adversely affect our ability to raise capital or service our indebtedness. We currently operate, and intend to continue to operate, in a manner that will allow us to continue to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2014. We received an opinion of our counsel with respect to our qualification as a REIT in connection with becoming a public company. Investors should be aware, however, that opinions of advisors are not binding on the IRS or any court. The opinion of our counsel represents only the view of our counsel based on its review and analysis of existing law and on certain representations as to factual matters and covenants made by us, including representations relating to the values of our assets and the sources of our income. The opinion is expressed as of the date issued. Our counsel has no obligation to advise us or the holders of any of our securities of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed or of any subsequent change in applicable law. Furthermore, both the validity of the opinion of our counsel and our qualification as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution, stockholder ownership and other requirements on a continuing basis, the results of which will not be monitored by our counsel. Our ability to satisfy the asset tests depends upon our analysis of the characterization and fair market values of our assets, some of which are not susceptible to a precise determination, and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. If we fail to qualify to be taxed as a REIT in any year, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, and dividends paid to our stockholders would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable income. Any resulting corporate liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders, which could have an adverse impact on the value of our common stock. Unless we were entitled to relief under certain Code provisions, we also would be disqualified from re-electing to be taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year in which we failed to qualify to be taxed as a REIT, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Legislative or other actions affecting REITs could have a negative effect on us. The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”). Changes to the tax laws or interpretations thereof, with or without retroactive application, could materially and adversely affect our investors or us. We cannot predict how changes in the tax laws, including any tax reform called for by the current presidential administration, might affect our investors or us. New legislation, Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions could significantly and negatively affect our ability to qualify to be taxed as a REIT or the U.S. federal income tax consequences to our investors and us of such qualification. For instance, the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (the “Act”) significantly changed the U.S. federal income tax laws applicable to businesses and their owners, including REITs and their shareholders. Technical corrections or other amendments to the Act or administrative guidance interpreting the Act may be forthcoming at any time. We cannot predict the long-term effect of the Act or any future law changes on REITs or their shareholders. Changes to the U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations thereof, whether under the Act or otherwise, could adversely affect an investment in our stock No prediction can be made regarding whether new legislation or regulation (including new tax measures) will be enacted by legislative bodies or governmental agencies, nor can we predict what consequences would result from this legislation or regulation. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the currently anticipated tax treatment of an investment will not be modified by legislative, judicial or administrative changes, possibly with retroactive effect. We could fail to qualify to be taxed as a REIT if income we receive from our tenants is not treated as qualifying income. Under applicable provisions of the Code, we will not be treated as a REIT unless we satisfy various requirements, including requirements relating to the sources of our gross income. Rents received or accrued by us from our tenants will not be treated as qualifying rent for purposes of these requirements if the leases are not respected as true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes and are instead treated as service contracts, joint ventures or other arrangements. If the leases are not respected as true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we will likely fail to qualify to be taxed as a REIT. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, rents received or accrued by us from our tenants will not be treated as qualifying rent for purposes of these requirements if we or a beneficial or constructive owner of 10% or more of our stock beneficially or constructively owns 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote or 10% or more of the total value of all classes of stock. CareTrust REIT’s charter provides for restrictions on ownership and transfer of CareTrust REIT’s shares of stock, including restrictions on such ownership or transfer that would cause the rents received or accrued by us from our tenants to be treated as non-qualifying rent for purposes of the REIT gross income 28 Table of Contents requirements. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that such restrictions will be effective in ensuring that rents received or accrued by us from our tenants will not be treated as qualifying rent for purposes of REIT qualification requirements. Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends. The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to income from “qualified dividends” payable by U.S. corporations to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates is currently 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates. However, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, under the recently enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, noncorporate taxpayers may deduct up to 20% of certain qualified business income, including "qualified REIT dividends" (generally, dividends received by a REIT shareholder that are not designated as capital gain dividends or qualified dividend income), subject to certain limitations, resulting in an effective maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 29.6% on such income. Although these rules do not adversely affect the taxation of REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends, together with the recently reduced corporate tax rate (currently, 21%), could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our stock. Although these rules do not adversely affect the taxation of REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our stock. REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan. We generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains, in order for us to qualify to be taxed as a REIT (assuming that certain other requirements are also satisfied) so that U.S. federal corporate income tax does not apply to earnings that we distribute. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement and qualify for taxation as a REIT but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and including any net capital gains, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our undistributed net taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we distribute to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the REIT requirements of the Code. Our funds from operations are generated primarily by rents paid under leases with our tenants. From time to time, we may generate taxable income greater than our cash flow as a result of differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash or the effect of nondeductible capital expenditures, the creation of reserves or required debt or amortization payments. If we do not have other funds available in these situations, we could be required to borrow funds on unfavorable terms, sell assets at disadvantageous prices or distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future acquisitions in order to make distributions sufficient to enable us to pay out enough of our taxable income to satisfy the REIT distribution requirement and to avoid being subject to corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax in a particular year. These alternatives could increase our costs or reduce our equity. Even if we remain qualified as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow. Even if we remain qualified for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain U.S. federal, state, and local taxes on our income and assets, including taxes on any undistributed income and state or local income, property and transfer taxes. For example, we may hold some of our assets or conduct certain of our activities through one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries (each, a “TRS”) or other subsidiary corporations that will be subject to U.S. federal, state, and local corporate-level income taxes as regular C corporations. In addition, we may incur a 100% excise tax on transactions with a TRS if they are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forgo otherwise attractive acquisition opportunities or liquidate otherwise attractive investments. To qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must on an ongoing basis satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of our shares of beneficial interest. We may be required to make distributions to our stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to make certain attractive investments. Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively and may cause us to incur tax liabilities. The REIT provisions of the Code substantially limit our ability to hedge our assets and liabilities. Income from certain hedging transactions that we may enter into to manage risk of interest rate changes with respect to borrowings made or to be made to acquire or carry real estate assets does not constitute “gross income” for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income 29 Table of Contents tests that apply to REITs, provided that certain identification requirements are met. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2015, income from new transactions entered into to hedge the income or loss from prior hedging transactions, where the indebtedness or property which was the subject of the prior hedging transaction was extinguished or disposed of, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions or fail to properly identify such transaction as a hedge, the income is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income tests. As a result of these rules, we may be required to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities because the TRS may be subject to tax on gains or expose us to greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition, losses in the TRS will generally not provide any tax benefit, except that such losses could theoretically be carried back or forward against past or future taxable income in the TRS. Risks Related to Our Capital Resources and Indebtedness From time to time, we may have substantial indebtedness and we are able to incur significant additional indebtedness. As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $725.0 million of indebtedness, consisting of $400.0 million representing our 3.875% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “Notes”), $200.0 million under our unsecured term loan credit facility (the “Term Loan”) and $125.0 million in borrowings outstanding under our unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”). High levels of indebtedness could have one or more of the following adverse consequences, among others: require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our cash flow available to fund working capital, dividends, capital expenditures and acquisitions and other general corporate purposes; require us to maintain certain debt coverage and other financial ratios at specified levels, thereby reducing our financial flexibility; make it more difficult for us to satisfy our financial obligations, including the Notes and borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility (as defined below); increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in our business; limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness, our ability to borrow additional funds on favorable terms or at all to expand our business or ease liquidity constraints; limit our ability to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity on the same or more favorable terms or at all; and require us to dispose of one or more of our properties at disadvantageous prices in order to service our indebtedness or to raise funds to pay such indebtedness at maturity. In addition, failure to satisfy our obligations under the Notes or our other debt or to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants contained in the indenture governing the Notes or the Second Amended Credit Agreement (as defined below), could result in an event of default, which could result in all of our debt becoming immediately due and payable and permit certain of our lenders to foreclose on our assets securing such debt. Further, our Second Amended Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the Notes permit us to incur substantial additional debt, including secured debt, subject to our compliance with certain financial covenants set forth in the Second Amended Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the Notes. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Capital Resources and Indebtedness - Covenants in our debt agreements restrict our activities and could adversely affect our business” for a summary of these covenants. We may be unable to service our indebtedness. Our ability to make scheduled payments on and to refinance our indebtedness depends on and is subject to our future financial and operating performance, which in turn is affected by general and regional economic, financial, competitive, business and other factors beyond our control, including the availability of financing in the international banking and capital markets. Our business may fail to generate sufficient cash flow from operations or future borrowings may be unavailable to us under the Second Amended Credit Facility or from other sources in an amount sufficient to enable us to service our debt, to refinance our debt or to fund our other liquidity needs. If we are unable to meet our debt obligations or to fund our other liquidity needs, we will need to restructure or refinance all or a portion of our debt. We may be unable to refinance such debt on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we were unable to make payments or refinance our debt or obtain new financing under these circumstances, we would have to consider other options, such as asset sales, equity issuances and/or negotiations with our lenders to restructure such debt. The Second Amended Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the Notes restrict, and market or business conditions may limit our ability to take, these actions. Any debt restructuring or refinancing could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants that could further restrict our business operations. We rely on our subsidiaries for our operating funds. We conduct our operations through subsidiaries and depend on our subsidiaries for the funds necessary to operate and repay our debt obligations, including funds transfers to us which are necessary to make the payments due under the Notes. The obligations under the Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, by us and all of our existing and future subsidiaries (other than CTR Partnership, L.P. and CareTrust Capital Corp.) that guarantee obligations under the Second Amended Credit Facility. However, under certain circumstances, one or more of our subsidiaries 30 Table of Contents may be released from, or may not be required to provide, a guarantee of the Notes, and in such circumstances, will not be responsible for any obligations with respect to the Notes. Each of our subsidiaries is a distinct legal entity and has no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to transfer funds to us. In addition, the ability of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to us could be restricted by the terms of subsequent financings. Covenants in our debt agreements restrict our activities and could adversely affect our business. Our debt agreements contain covenants that limit our and our subsidiaries’ ability to engage in various transactions including, as applicable: incurring or guaranteeing additional secured and unsecured debt; creating liens on our and our subsidiaries’ assets; paying dividends or making other distributions on, redeeming or repurchasing capital stock; making investments or other restricted payments; entering into transactions with affiliates; engaging in non-healthcare related business activities; creating restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay distributions or other amounts to us; selling assets; effecting a consolidation or merger or selling all or substantially all of our assets; making acquisitions; and amending organizational documents. These covenants limit our operational flexibility and could prevent us from taking advantage of business opportunities as they arise, growing our business or competing effectively. The Second Amended Credit Agreement requires us to comply with financial maintenance covenants to be tested quarterly and also contains customary events of default, including the failure to make timely payments under the Second Amended Credit Facility or other material indebtedness, failure to satisfy certain covenants (including financial maintenance covenants), the occurrence of a change of control and specified events of bankruptcy and insolvency. Our ability to meet these requirements may be affected by events beyond our control and, if we fail to do so, we may be unable to obtain waivers from the lenders or amend the covenants. Increases in interest rates could increase our existing and future debt borrowing costs and adversely affect our stock price. Certain of our existing debt obligations require interest and related payments to vary with the movement of certain indices, and we may incur additional indebtedness in connection with new credit facilities or financing of acquisitions or development activities. Increased interest rates have increased and may continue to increase our interest costs for any new debt and our obligations under our Revolving Facility and Term Loan, which could make acquisition financings more costly or lower our current period earnings. Rising interest rates could limit our ability to refinance existing debt when it matures or cause us to pay higher interest rates upon refinancing. In addition, interest rate increases could decrease credit access globally, thereby decreasing the amount others are willing to pay for our assets and limiting our ability to reposition our portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions. Further, the dividend yield on our common stock, as a percentage of the price of such common stock, will influence the price of such common stock. Thus, an increase in market interest rates may lead prospective purchasers of our common stock to expect a higher dividend yield, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Our Second Amended Credit Agreement uses Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), as a reference rate for our Term Loan and Revolving Facility, such that the interest rate applicable to such loans may, at our option, be calculated based on SOFR. The publication of SOFR began in April 2018, and, therefore, it has a very limited history. In addition, the future performance of SOFR cannot be predicted based on its limited historical performance. Future levels of SOFR may bear little or no relation to the historical actual or historical indicative data. Prior observed patterns, if any, in the behavior of market variables and their relation to SOFR, such as correlations, may change in the future. Because only limited historical data has been released by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, such analysis inherently involves assumptions, estimates and approximations. The future performance of SOFR is impossible to predict and therefore no future performance of SOFR may be inferred from any of the historical actual or historical indicative data. Hypothetical or historical performance data are not indicative of, and have no bearing on, the potential performance of SOFR or any SOFR-linked notes. SOFR is a relatively new rate, and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor) or CME Group Benchmark Administration Ltd., as administrator of SOFR, may make methodological or other changes that could change the value of SOFR, including changes related to the methods by which SOFR is calculated, eligibility criteria applicable to the transactions used to calculate SOFR, or the averages or periods used to report SOFR. The administrator of SOFR may withdraw, modify, amend, suspend or discontinue the calculation or dissemination of SOFR in its sole discretion and without notice and has no obligation to consider the interests of holders of SOFR debt in calculating, withdrawing, modifying, amending, suspending or discontinuing SOFR. As a result, we may experience volatility or increases in interest rates on our variable rate debt, which could adversely impact our interest expense, results of operations and cash flows. A credit rating downgrade could impair our ability to obtain additional debt financing on favorable terms, if at all, and significantly reduce the trading price of our common stock. Our credit rating can affect the amount, type and terms of capital financings we obtain. Factors affecting our credit rating include, among others, our financial performance, success in raising sufficient equity capital, adverse changes in our debt and 31 Table of Contents fixed charge coverage ratios, our capital structure, level of indebtedness and future changes in the regulatory framework applicable to our operators and industry. We may be unable to maintain our current credit ratings, and in the event that our current credit ratings deteriorate, a ratings agency downgrades our credit rating or places our rating under watch or review for possible downgrade, we would likely incur higher borrowing costs, which would make it more difficult or expensive to obtain additional financing or refinance existing obligations and commitments and the trading price of our common stock may decline. Risks Related To Our Common Stock and Organizational Documents Our charter restricts the ownership and transfer of our outstanding stock, which may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or change of control of our company. In order for us to qualify to be taxed as a REIT, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares of stock may be owned, beneficially or constructively, by five or fewer individuals at any time during the last half of each taxable year after our first taxable year as a REIT. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year (other than our first taxable year as a REIT). Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our board of directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Our charter also provides that, unless exempted by the board of directors, no person may own more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, or more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding shares of all classes or series of our stock. The constructive ownership rules are complex and may cause shares of stock owned directly or constructively by a group of related individuals or entities to be constructively owned by one individual or entity. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control of us that might involve a premium price for shares of our stock or otherwise be in our stockholders’ best interests. The acquisition of less than 9.8% of our outstanding stock by an individual or entity could cause that individual or entity to own constructively in excess of 9.8% in value of our outstanding stock, and thus violate our charter’s ownership limit. Our charter also prohibits any person from owning shares of our stock that would result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause us to fail to qualify to be taxed as a REIT. In addition, our charter provides that (i) no person shall beneficially or constructively own shares of stock to the extent such beneficial or constructive ownership of stock would result in us failing to qualify as a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” within the meaning of Section 897(h) of the Code, and (ii) no person shall beneficially or constructively own shares of stock to the extent such beneficial or constructive ownership would cause us to own, beneficially or constructively, more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in a tenant of our real property. Any attempt to own or transfer shares of our stock in violation of these restrictions may result in the transfer being automatically void. Maryland law and provisions in our charter and bylaws may inhibit our stockholders from realizing a premium on their stock by delaying or preventing takeover attempts by third parties. Our charter, bylaws and Maryland law contain provisions intended to deter coercive takeovers and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage prospective acquirors to negotiate with our board of directors rather than to attempt a hostile takeover. As currently in effect, our charter and bylaws, among other things, (1) contain transfer and ownership restrictions on the percentage by number and value of outstanding shares of our stock that may be owned or acquired by any stockholder; (2) prohibit stockholders action by non-unanimous written consent; (3) permit the board of directors, without further action of the stockholders, to amend the charter to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares or the number of shares of any class or series that may be issued; (4) permit the board of directors to classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common or preferred stock and set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or reclassified shares; (5) establish certain advance notice procedures for stockholder proposals, and provide procedures for the nomination of candidates for our board of directors; (6) provide that special meetings of stockholders may only be called by the Company or upon written request of 25% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting; (7) provide that a director may only be removed by stockholders for cause and upon the vote of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of common stock; and (8) require supermajority approval to amend or repeal certain charter provisions. In addition, specific anti-takeover provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law (“MGCL”) could make it more difficult for a third party to attempt a hostile takeover, including: • • “business combination” provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between us and an “interested stockholder” (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our shares or an affiliate thereof) for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, and thereafter impose special appraisal rights and special stockholder voting requirements on these combinations; and “control share” provisions that provide that “control shares” of our company (defined as shares which, when aggregated with other shares controlled by the stockholder, entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of “control shares”) have no voting rights except to the extent approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all interested shares. 32 Table of Contents We believe these provisions protect our stockholders from coercive or unfair takeover tactics by requiring potential acquirors to negotiate with our board of directors and by providing our board of directors with more time to assess any acquisition proposal. These provisions are not intended to prevent all takeovers, but they may delay, defer or prevent a change of control transaction even if such transaction involves a premium price for our common stock or it is in our stockholders’ best interests. These provisions may also prevent or discourage attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors. Our bylaws provide that the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland will be the sole and exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees. Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland is the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the MGCL, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, and any of our record or beneficial stockholders who commences such an action shall cooperate in a request that the action be assigned to the Court’s Business & Technology Case Management Program. This exclusive forum provision is intended to apply to claims arising under the MGCL and would not apply to claims brought pursuant to the Exchange Act of 1934 or Securities Act of 1933, each as amended, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. The exclusive forum provision in our bylaws will not relieve us of our duties to comply with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, and our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with these laws, rules and regulations. This exclusive forum provision may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. In addition, stockholders who do bring a claim in the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland could face additional litigation costs in pursuing any such claim, particularly if they do not reside in or near Maryland. The Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland may also reach different judgments or results than would other courts, including courts where a stockholder would otherwise choose to bring the action, and such judgments or results may be more favorable to us than to our stockholders. However, the enforceability of similar exclusive forum provisions in other companies' certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that a court could find this type of provision and/or the jurisdictional limitation contained therein to be inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings. If a court were to find the exclusive forum provision contained in our bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we might incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions. General Risk Factors We rely on information technology in our operations, and any material failure, inadequacy, interruption or security failure of that technology could harm our business. We rely on information technology networks and systems, including the internet, to process, transmit and store electronic information, and to manage or support our business processes, including financial transactions and records, and maintaining personal information and tenant and lease data. We purchase some of our information technology from vendors, on whom our systems depend. We rely on commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide security for the processing, transmission and storage of confidential tenant and customer data, including financial account information. While we have taken steps to protect the security of our information systems, we have, from time to time, experienced cyber incidents of varying degrees, although none of these cyber incidents have had a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. It is possible that in the future our safety and security measures will not prevent the systems’ improper functioning or damage, or the improper access or disclosure of personally identifiable or proprietary information and any such event could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, data security incidents could occur due to unintentional misconfiguration of data management tools and network security systems. Due to the fast pace and unpredictability of cyber threats, measures for addressing cybersecurity risks may become obsolete quickly. Security breaches, including physical or electronic break-ins, computer viruses, malware, phishing attacks, worms, attacks by hackers or foreign governments, disruptions from unauthorized access and tampering (including through social engineering such as phishing attacks), coordinated denial-of-service attacks, impersonation of authorized users and similar incidents, can create system disruptions, shutdowns or result in a loss of company assets or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. The risk of security incidents has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. In some cases, it may be difficult to anticipate or immediately detect such incidents and the damage they cause. In addition, our technology infrastructure and information systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural disasters, power loss and telecommunications failures. Failure to maintain proper function, security and availability of our information systems and the data maintained in those systems could interrupt 33 Table of Contents our operations, damage our reputation, subject us to liability claims or regulatory penalties and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have and may in the future incur impairment charges, which could negatively impact our results of operations. At each reporting period, we evaluate our real estate investments and other assets for impairment indicators whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The existence of impairment indicators is based on factors such as market conditions, operator performance and legal structure. If we determine that an impairment has occurred, we are required to adjust the net carrying value of the asset, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period in which the write-off occurs. For example, in the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, we recorded impairment charges of approximately $79.1 million, contributing to the net loss of $7.5 million for the year. We cannot assure you of our ability to pay dividends in the future. We expect to make quarterly dividend payments in cash with the annual dividend amount no less than 90% of our annual REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains. Our ability to pay dividends may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the risk factors described in this annual report. Dividends are authorized by our board of directors and declared by us based upon a number of factors, including but not limited to actual results of operations, restrictions under Maryland law or applicable debt covenants, our financial condition, our taxable income, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code and our operating expenses. There is no assurance that our operating results will allow for specified levels of cash dividends or year-to-year increases in the future. Furthermore, while we are required to pay dividends in order to maintain our REIT status (as described under “Risks Related to Our Status as a REIT - REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan”), we may elect not to maintain our REIT status and discontinue paying dividends. Even if we do elect to maintain our REIT status, after completing various procedural steps, we may elect to comply with the applicable distribution requirements by distributing, under certain circumstances, a portion of the required amount in the form of shares of our common stock in lieu of cash. Either of these actions could negatively affect our business and financial condition as well as the market price of our common stock. ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. 34 Table of Contents ITEM 2. Properties As of December 31, 2022, all of our properties are leased under long-term, triple-net leases, except for two ALFs for which we are in the process of identifying an operator and two ALFs which are being repurposed. The following table displays the expiration of the annualized contractual cash rental income under our lease agreements as of December 31, 2022 by year and total investment (dollars in thousands) and, in each case, without giving effect to any renewal or purchase options: Lease Maturity Year 2024 2027 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2036 2038 Total Investment(1) Percent of Total Investment Rent(1) Percent of Total Rent $ 15,800 46,801 114,116 119,868 527,678 179,936 125,216 438,011 146,487 103,001 0.9 % $ 2.6 % 6.3 % 6.6 % 29.0 % 9.9 % 6.9 % 24.1 % 8.1 % 5.6 % 1,537 5,342 9,051 11,353 54,672 18,027 19,847 43,925 13,862 10,401 0.8 % 2.8 % 4.8 % 6.0 % 29.1 % 9.6 % 10.6 % 23.4 % 7.4 % 5.5 % $ 1,816,914 100.0 % $ 188,017 100.0 % (1) Amounts exclude properties classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. See the “Tenant Purchase Options” section of Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net in the Notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information on leases subject to purchase options. The information set forth under “Portfolio Summary” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference herein. ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings The Company and its subsidiaries are and may become from time to time a party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, but none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is, and none of their respective properties are, the subject of any material legal proceedings. Claims and lawsuits may include matters involving general or professional liability asserted against our tenants, which are the responsibility of our tenants and for which we are entitled to be indemnified by our tenants under the insurance and indemnification provisions in the applicable leases. ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures None. PART II ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Common Equity Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “CTRE.” At February 8, 2023, we had approximately 43 stockholders of record. To maintain REIT status, we are required each year to distribute to stockholders at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income after certain adjustments. All distributions will be made by us at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, capital requirements, debt covenants (which include limits on distributions by us), applicable law, and other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. For example, while the Notes and our Second Amended Credit Agreement permit us to declare and pay any dividend or make any distribution that is necessary to maintain our REIT status, those distributions are subject to certain financial tests under the indenture governing the Notes, and therefore, the amount of cash distributions we can make to our stockholders may be limited. 35 Table of Contents Distributions with respect to our common stock can be characterized for federal income tax purposes as taxable ordinary dividends, nondividend distributions or a combination thereof. Following is the characterization of our annual cash dividends on common stock: Common Stock Ordinary dividend Non-dividend distributions Total taxable distribution Distributions allocated from prior tax year(1) Distributions allocated to subsequent tax year(2) Total distributions declared Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 0.4291 0.6609 1.0900 (0.2650) 0.2750 1.1000 $ $ 0.9411 0.1039 1.0450 (0.2500) 0.2650 1.0600 (1) Because our aggregate cash distributions exceeded our annual earnings and profits, the cash distribution declared in the fourth quarter of 2021 and paid in January 2022, of $0.265 per share, was treated as a 2022 distribution for federal income tax purposes. (2) Because our aggregate cash distributions exceeded our annual earnings and profits, the cash distribution declared in the fourth quarter of 2022 and paid in January 2023, of $0.275 per share, will be treated as a 2023 distribution for federal income tax purposes. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities On March 20, 2020, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of outstanding shares of our common stock (the “Repurchase Program”). Repurchases under the Repurchase Program, which expires on March 31, 2023, may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, structured or derivative transactions, including accelerated share repurchase transactions, or other methods of acquiring shares, in each case subject to market conditions and at such times as shall be permitted by applicable securities laws and determined by management. Repurchases under the Repurchase Program may also be made pursuant to a plan adopted under Rule 10b5-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act. We expect to finance any share repurchases under the Repurchase Program using available cash and may also use short-term borrowings under the Revolving Facility. We did not repurchase any shares of common stock under the Repurchase Program during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Repurchase Program may be modified, discontinued or suspended at any time. 36 Table of Contents Stock Price Performance Graph The graph below compares the cumulative total return of our common stock, the S&P 500 Index, the S&P 500 REIT Index, the RMS (MSCI U.S. REIT Total Return Index) and the Russell 2000 Index (“Russell 2000”). We plan to replace the S&P 500 Index with the Russell 2000 as we have determined that the Russell 2000 is a more comparable index for us in terms of market capitalization. Total cumulative return is based on a $100 investment in CareTrust REIT common stock and in each of the indices at the market close on December 29, 2017 and assumes quarterly reinvestment of dividends before consideration of income taxes. Stockholder returns over the indicated periods should not be considered indicative of future stock prices or stockholder returns. COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN AMONG S&P 500, S&P 500 REIT INDEX, RMS, RUSSELL 2000 AND CARETRUST REIT, INC. RATE OF RETURN TREND COMPARISON DECEMBER 29, 2017 - DECEMBER 30, 2022 (DECEMBER 29, 2017 = $100) Stock Price Performance Graph Total Return The stock performance graph shall not be deemed soliciting material or to be filed with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, nor shall it be incorporated by reference into any past or future filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically request that it be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporate it by reference into a filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act. 37 Table of Contents CareTrust REIT, Inc. S&P 500 RMS Russell 2000 S&P 500 Real Estate Index December 31, 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 $ $ $ $ $ 100.00 $ 115.79 $ 134.62 $ 153.01 $ 165.07 $ 142.46 100.00 $ 95.62 $ 125.72 $ 148.85 $ 191.58 $ 156.89 100.00 $ 95.43 $ 120.09 $ 110.99 $ 158.79 $ 100.00 $ 88.99 $ 111.70 $ 134.00 $ 153.85 $ 119.87 122.41 100.00 $ 97.78 $ 126.15 $ 123.41 $ 180.42 $ 133.28 38 Table of Contents ITEM 6. [Reserved] ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The discussion below contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those which are discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors.” Also see “Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” preceding Part I. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is organized as follows: • Overview • Recent Developments • Results of Operations • Liquidity and Capital Resources • Critical Accounting Estimates • Impact of Inflation Overview CareTrust REIT is a self-administered, publicly-traded REIT engaged in the ownership, acquisition, financing, development and leasing of skilled nursing, seniors housing and other healthcare-related properties. As of December 31, 2022, CareTrust REIT’s real estate portfolio comprised of 216 skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), multi-service campuses, assisted living facilities (“ALFs”) and independent living facilities (“ILFs”), consisting of 22,831 operational beds and units located in 28 states with the highest concentration of properties by rental income located in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona. As of December 31, 2022, we also had other real estate investments consisting of three real estate secured loans receivable and two mezzanine loans receivable with a carrying value of $156.4 million. Recent Developments COVID-19 Update Tenants of our properties operating pursuant to triple-net master leases have been adversely impacted, and we expect that they will continue to be adversely impacted, by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our tenants are experiencing increased operating costs as a result of actions they are taking to prevent or mitigate the outbreak or spread of COVID-19 at their facilities. Our tenants are also experiencing labor shortages resulting in limited admissions, reduced occupancy and higher agency expense. While our tenants have experienced some recent increases in occupancy, occupancy rates are still below pre-pandemic levels. The current limited availability or unavailability of grants and other funds being made available to our seniors housing facilities for healthcare related expenses or lost revenues attributable to COVID-19, as well as the tapering of grants and other funds for our SNFs, has also impacted some of our tenants’ ability to continue to meet some of their financial obligations, as they continue to experience lower occupancy levels and higher operating costs. In some cases, we may have to restructure tenants’ long-term rent obligations and may not be able to do so on terms that are as favorable to us as those currently in place. 39 Table of Contents At a portfolio wide level, occupancy levels at our seniors housing facilities remained relatively stable from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic until the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2020, at which time we began to see a decline. This decline in occupancy continued through the fourth quarter of 2021; however, seniors housing facilities occupancy has begun to increase in the beginning of the first quarter of 2022 and continued throughout 2022. Occupancy levels at our SNFs, which declined at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and continued to decline through January 2021, have been on a steady incline through the fourth quarter of 2022. Beginning in early 2020, the federal government temporarily suspended the three-day hospital stay requirement for a patient’s Medicare benefits to refresh. Providers can now “skill in place,” eliminating the risk of transferring the patient to the hospital. Because of this temporary rule change, overall skilled mix remained slightly elevated in the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared to the pre-pandemic skilled mix during the three months ended March 31, 2020. An increase in skilled mix can, but may not necessarily, offset some or all of the adverse financial impact to the operator of the SNF from a decline in occupancy. However, the skilled mix in our SNFs during the three months ended December 31, 2022 was lower than the peak level seen in December 2020, and we anticipate that skilled mix in our SNFs will continue to decline as cases of COVID-19 decline and temporary suspensions are retired. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) included a temporary suspension of a 2% Medicare sequestration cut through the end of March 2022. Beginning April 1, 2022, a 1% sequestration cut went into effect through June 30, 2022 with the full 2% cut resuming thereafter. On January 30, 2023, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) announced that the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (“PHE”) will end on May 11, 2023. The PHE has allowed HHS to provide temporary regulatory waivers, including the waiver of the three-day hospital stay requirement for a patient’s Medicare benefits to refresh. The temporary 6.2% increase in Federal Medical Assistance Percentages (“FMAP”) was approved retroactive to January 1, 2020, but is expected to be phased down by December 31, 2023 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023 and the ending of the PHE. With the expiration of the PHE and the potential lifting of the three-day hospital stay requirement, SNFs may experience decreases in occupancy levels or revenues, which may adversely impact the business and financial condition of the operators of our SNFs. As a result of the foregoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions taken in response, our tenants’ ability to continue to meet some of their financial obligations to us has been negatively impacted. See “Impairment of Real Estate Assets, Assets Held for Sale and Asset Sales” below. During the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, we collected 95.5% and 95.2% of contractual rents due from our operators including cash deposits used to offset rent shortfalls, respectively. During both the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2022, we collected 94.0% of contractual rents due from our operators excluding cash deposits. In January 2023, we collected 94.5% of contractual rents due from our operators. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we determined that it was not probable that we would collect substantially all of the contractual obligations from five existing and former operators and, accordingly, we reversed $0.7 million of operating expense reimbursements, $0.2 million of contractual rent and $0.5 million of straight-line rent. In addition, we determined that the collectibility of contractual rents from four operators was not probable and we moved these four operators to a cash basis method of accounting during the year ended December 31, 2022. Impact of Macroeconomic Conditions The substantial inflationary pressures that our economy continues to face has resulted in many headwinds for us and our tenants, most notably in the form of rising interest rates, volatility in the capital markets, a softening of consumer sentiment and signs of a potential broader economic slowdown. These current macroeconomic conditions, particularly inflation (including rising wages and supply costs), rising interest rates and related changes to consumer spending, including, but not limited to, causing individuals to delay or defer moves to seniors housing, has adversely impacted and could continue to adversely impact our tenants’ ability to meet some of their financial obligations to us. Rising interest rates also increase our costs of capital to finance acquisitions and increase our borrowing costs, and future changes in market interest rates could materially impact the estimated discounted cash flows that are used to determine the fair value of our other real estate related investments. In addition, current macroeconomic conditions and the resulting market volatility may adversely impact our ability to sell properties on acceptable terms, if at all, which could result in additional impairment charges. For more information regarding the potential impact of COVID-19 and macroeconomic conditions on our business, see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this report. 40 Table of Contents SNF Reimbursement Rates On July 29, 2022, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) issued a final rule that will increase the aggregate net payment by 2.7% for fiscal year 2023. CMS estimates that the aggregate impact of the payment policies in the final rule will result in an increase of approximately $904 million in Medicare Part A payments to SNFs in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022. The payment rates became effective on October 1, 2022. Impairment of Real Estate Assets, Assets Held for Sale, and Asset Sales In connection with our ongoing review and monitoring of our investment portfolio and the performance of our tenants, during the first quarter of 2022, we determined to pursue the sale of 27 properties and the repurposing of three properties, representing an aggregate of approximately 10% of contractual cash rent as of March 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2022, we determined that these 27 properties met the criteria to be classified as assets held for sale. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $79.1 million, of which $45.0 million related to 12 facilities that have been sold, $18.0 million related to 10 facilities that were classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2022 and reclassified to held for use in the third and fourth quarters of 2022, $14.4 million related to five facilities that were held for sale as of December 31, 2022, and $1.7 million related to one facility that was held for use during the year. For properties classified as held for sale, the impairment charges were recognized to write down the properties to the lower of their carrying value or their aggregate fair value, less estimated costs to sell. For properties classified as held for use, the impairment charges were recognized to write down the properties to their fair value. Following the asset sales and held for sale reclassifications discussed below, five properties continued to meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the real estate assets comprising the remaining five properties classified as held for sale had an aggregate carrying value of $12.3 million. Asset Sales and Held for Sale Reclassifications During the first quarter of 2022, we determined that one ALF that was classified as held for sale at December 31, 2021 no longer met the held for sale criteria. We reclassified this ALF’s carrying value of $4.8 million out of assets held for sale and recorded catch-up depreciation of approximately $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. During the first quarter of 2022, we closed on the sale of one SNF consisting of 83 beds located in Washington with a carrying value of $0.8 million, for net sales proceeds of $1.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a gain of $0.2 million in connection with the sale. During the third quarter of 2022, we determined that one ALF, with a carrying value of $4.9 million, that was classified as held for sale at June 30, 2022 no longer met the held for sale criteria. We reclassified this ALF out of assets held for sale at its fair value at the date of the decision not to sell of approximately $4.9 million. During the third quarter of 2022, we closed on the sale of six SNFs and one multi-service campus, operated by affiliates of Trio Healthcare Holdings, LLC (“Trio”), consisting of 708 beds located in Ohio for net proceeds of $32.8 million. In connection with the sale, we provided affiliates of the purchaser of the properties with a $7.0 million term loan that bears interest at 8.5% and has a maturity date of September 30, 2025. We also provided a $5.0 million bridge loan to four individuals that bore interest at 8.5% and was subsequently paid off during the fourth quarter of 2022. Prior to their sale, the seven properties had been classified as held for sale, with a carrying value of $46.9 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a loss of $2.1 million in connection with the sale. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we closed on the sale of five ALFs, operated by affiliates of Noble VA Holdings, LLC (“Noble”), consisting of 301 beds located in Virginia for net proceeds of $11.0 million. Prior to their sale, the five properties had been classified as held for sale, with a carrying value of $12.7 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a loss of $1.7 million in connection with the sale. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we determined that nine ALFs, with a carrying value of $50.8 million, that were classified as held for sale at September 30, 2022, no longer met the held for sale criteria. We reclassified the nine ALFs out of assets held for sale at their fair value at the date of the decision not to sell of approximately $47.8 million. During the first quarter of 2023, we closed on the sale of one ALF, with a carrying value of $3.3 million, which approximated the net sales proceeds received. The facility was classified as held for sale at December 31, 2022. 41 Table of Contents Impairment of Assets Held For Use During the second quarter of 2022, we recognized an impairment charge of $1.7 million related to one SNF. We wrote down its carrying value of $2.8 million to its estimated fair value of $1.1 million. Portfolio Activity During the year ended 2022, two leases we entered into with Landmark Recovery of Maryland, LLC (“Landmark Maryland”) and Landmark Recovery of Florida, LLC (“Landmark Florida”) commenced. In connection with the leases, we are repurposing two existing ALFs (previously leased to affiliates of Noble Senior Services) as behavioral health treatment centers that will be operated by Landmark Maryland and Landmark Florida, respectively. Rent under the leases will commence 12 to 18 months following commencement of the lease term or, if earlier, upon Landmark Maryland and Landmark Florida obtaining all licensure, permits, and other required regulatory authorizations with respect to operating the facility. The leases will expire on the 20th anniversary of the rent commencement date and both contain one 10-year renewal option and CPI-based rent escalators. See Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net in the Notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information. Recent Investments From January 1, 2022 through February 9, 2023, we acquired one SNF and one multi-service campus for approximately $21.9 million, which includes capitalized acquisition costs. These acquisitions are expected to generate initial annual cash revenues of approximately $2.1 million and an initial blended yield of approximately 9.4%. See Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net in the Notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information. In September 2022, we extended a $24.9 million term loan as part of a larger, multi-tranche real estate secured term loan facility to a skilled nursing real estate owner. The secured term loan was structured with an “A” and a “B” tranche (with the payments on the “B” tranche being subordinate to the “A” tranche pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the lenders). Our $24.9 million secured term loan constituted the entirety of the “B” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The secured term loan is primarily secured by four skilled nursing facilities operated by an operator in the Southeast. The “B” tranche secured term loan is set to mature on September 8, 2025, with two one-year extension options and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The “B” tranche secured term loan provides for an earnout advance of $4.7 million if certain conditions are met. The “B” tranche secured term loan bears interest at a rate based on term secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”), calculated as a fraction, with the numerator being the difference between (i) the monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 4.50% spread and (ii) the amount of such monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 2.85% spread, and with the denominator being the average daily balance of the outstanding principal amount during the applicable month, with such fraction expressed as a percentage and annualized, with a term SOFR floor of 1.00% and less a subservicing fee of 100% over 9.00%. The “B” tranche secured term loan requires monthly interest payments. In August 2022, we extended a $22.3 million term loan as part of a larger, multi-tranche real estate secured term loan facility to a skilled nursing real estate owner. The secured term loan was structured with an “A” and a “B” tranche (with the payments on the “B” tranche being subordinate to the “A” tranche pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the lenders). Our $22.3 million secured term loan constituted the entirety of the “B” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The secured term loan is primarily secured by five skilled nursing facilities, four of which will be operated by an existing operator and one of which will be operated by a large, regional skilled nursing operator. The “B” tranche secured term loan is set to mature on August 1, 2025, with two one-year extension options and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 2% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The “B” tranche secured term loan bears interest at a rate based on term SOFR, calculated as a fraction, with the numerator being the difference between (i) the monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 4.25% spread and (ii) the amount of such monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 2.75% spread, and with the denominator being the average daily balance of the outstanding principal amount during the applicable month, with such fraction expressed as a percentage and annualized, with a term SOFR floor of 1.00% and less a subservicing fee of 50% over 8.25%. The “B” tranche secured term loan requires monthly interest payments. 42 Table of Contents In June 2022, we extended a $75.0 million term loan to a skilled nursing real estate owner as part of a larger, multi- tranche, senior secured term loan facility. The senior secured term loan was structured with an “A” tranche, a “B” tranche, and a “C” tranche (with the “C” tranche being the most subordinate). Our $75.0 million term loan constituted the entirety of the “C” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The senior secured term loan facility is secured by an 18-facility skilled nursing portfolio in the Mid-Atlantic region, to be operated by a large, regional skilled nursing operator. In connection with the senior secured term loan facility and the borrower’s acquisition of the skilled nursing portfolio, we also extended to the borrower group a $25.0 million mezzanine loan. The “C” tranche term loan bears interest at 8.5%, less a servicing fee equal to the positive difference, if any, between the lesser of the contractual interest payment and actual payment of interest made by the borrower and a hypothetical interest payment at a rate of 8.25%, resulting in an effective interest rate of 8.375%. The ”C” tranche term loan is set to mature on June 30, 2027 and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments through the end of the month of prepayment; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The mezzanine loan bears interest at 11% and is secured by a pledge of membership interests in an up-tier affiliate of the borrower group. The mezzanine loan is set to mature on June 30, 2032, and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date, commencing on June 30, 2029, for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments through the date of prepayment. The “C” tranche term loan and mezzanine loan both require monthly interest payments. At-The-Market Offering of Common Stock On March 10, 2020, we entered into a new equity distribution agreement to issue and sell, from time to time, up to $500.0 million in aggregate offering price of our common stock through an “at-the-market” equity offering program (the “ATM Program”). The following table summarizes the ATM Program activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts). Number of shares Average sales price per share Gross proceeds(1) For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ $ 2,405 20.00 48,100 (1) Total gross proceeds is before $0.6 million of commissions paid to the sales agents during the year ended December 31, 2022 under the ATM Program. As of December 31, 2022, we had $428.4 million available for future issuances under the ATM Program. 43 Table of Contents Results of Operations Operating Results Our primary business consists of acquiring, developing, financing and owning real property to be leased to third party tenants in the healthcare sector. Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021 Revenues: Rental income Interest and other income Expenses: Depreciation and amortization Interest expense Property taxes Impairment of real estate investments Provision for loan losses, net Property operating expenses General and administrative Other loss: Loss on extinguishment of debt Loss on sale of real estate, net Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments • Not meaningful Year Ended December 31, 2022 Increase (Decrease) 2021 (dollars in thousands) $ 187,506 $ 8,626 190,195 $ 2,156 50,316 30,008 4,333 79,062 3,844 5,039 20,165 55,340 23,677 3,574 — — — 26,874 — (3,769) (10,827) (77) (2,689) 6,470 (5,024) 6,331 759 79,062 3,844 5,039 (6,709) 10,827 (3,692) Percentage Difference (1) % 300 % (9) % 27 % 21 % * * * (25) % (100) % * (7,102) — (7,102) * Rental income. Rental income decreased by $2.7 million as detailed below: (in thousands) Contractual cash rent Tenant reimbursements Total contractual rent[1] Straight-line rent Adjustment for collectibility[2] Lease termination revenue Year Ended December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Increase/ (Decrease) $ 186,131 $ 186,501 $ 2,775 188,906 17 (1,417) — 3,599 190,100 32 — 63 (370) (824) (1,194) (15) (1,417) (63) Total change in rental income (2,689) [1] Includes initial contractual cash rent and tenant reimbursements, as adjusted for applicable rental escalators and rent increases due to capital expenditures funded by the Company. For tenants on a cash basis, this represents the lesser of the amount that would be recognized on a straight-line basis or cash that has been received. Total contractual cash rent decreased by $1.2 million due to a $10.6 million decrease in rental income related to certain tenants on a cash basis method of accounting and a $0.8 million decrease in tenant reimbursements, partially offset by an increase of $5.9 million in contractual cash rent from real estate investments made after January 1, 2021 and $4.3 million from increases in rental rates for our existing tenants. [2] During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company wrote off $1.4 million of uncollectible rent. 190,195 $ 187,506 $ $ Interest and other income. The $6.5 million, or 300%, increase in interest and other income is primarily due to an increase of $6.7 million related to the origination of loans receivable in June, August and September 2022 partially offset by a 44 Table of Contents decrease of $0.2 million related to repayments of other loans. See above under “Recent Developments” for additional information on the origination of loans receivable. Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $5.0 million, or 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 to $50.3 million compared to $55.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The $5.0 million decrease in depreciation and amortization was primarily due to a $5.0 million decrease from assets sold and classified as held for sale and a decrease in depreciation of $2.8 million due to assets becoming fully depreciated after January 1, 2021, partially offset by an increase in depreciation and amortization of $2.8 million related to new real estate investments and capital improvements made after January 1, 2021. Interest expense. Interest expense increased by $6.3 million as detailed below: Change in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands) Increases to interest expense due to: Issuance of the 2028 senior unsecured notes - June 17, 2021 Increase in interest rates for the senior unsecured term loan Increase in outstanding borrowing amount for the unsecured revolving facility, net Increase in interest rates for the unsecured revolving credit facility Other changes in interest expense Total increases to interest expense Decreases to interest expense due to: Redemption of the prior senior notes - July 1, 2021 Total decreases to interest expense Total change in interest expense $ $ 7,110 3,370 2,095 1,591 43 14,209 (7,878) (7,878) 6,331 Property taxes. Property taxes increased $0.8 million, or 21%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to a $0.6 million increase in property taxes due to new real estate investments made after January 1, 2021, a $0.2 million increase in property taxes related to two non-operational properties at December 31, 2022 and a $0.1 million increase in property taxes due to the transfer of certain properties to new operators in January 2021 that do not make direct tax payments, partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million of property taxes due to reassessments and decreased effective tax rates. Impairment of real estate investments. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $79.1 million, of which $45.0 million related to 12 facilities that have been sold, $18.0 million related to 10 facilities that were classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2022 and reclassified to held for use in the third and fourth quarters of 2022, $14.4 million related to five facilities that were held for sale as of December 31, 2022, and $1.7 million related to one facility that was held for use during the year. See above under “Recent Developments” for additional information. No impairment charges were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021. Provision for loan losses, net. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a $4.6 million expected credit loss related to two other loans receivable that were placed on non-accrual status, partially offset by a $0.8 million recovery related to one other loan receivable that was previously written off. No provision for loan losses was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021. Property operating expenses. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized $5.0 million of property operating expenses related to assets we plan to sell or repurpose, or have sold. No similar expenses were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2021. 45 Table of Contents General and administrative expense. General and administrative expense decreased by $6.7 million as detailed below: (in thousands) Cash compensation Share-based compensation[1] Incentive compensation Professional services Other administrative expense Taxes and insurance Non-routine transaction costs Other expenses Year Ended December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Increase/ (Decrease) $ 6,107 $ 5,364 $ 5,758 3,550 1,897 923 897 6 1,027 10,832 4,900 1,601 915 843 1,424 995 743 (5,074) (1,350) 296 8 54 (1,418) 32 (6,709) Total change in general and administrative expense [1] Share-based compensation decreased $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The decrease is primarily due to accelerated vesting of awards for one executive in the fourth quarter of 2021 in connection with his retirement. 20,165 $ 26,874 $ $ Loss on extinguishment of debt. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a $10.8 million loss on extinguishment of debt, including a prepayment penalty of $7.9 million and a $2.9 million write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the redemption of the prior senior notes. No loss on extinguishment of debt was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022. Loss on sale of real estate, net. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a $3.8 million loss on sale of real estate related to the sale of six SNFs, five ALFs and one multi-service campus and a $0.2 million loss on sale of real estate related to the sale of a land parcel, partially offset by a $0.2 million gain on sale of real estate related to the sale of one SNF. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a $0.2 million loss on sale of real estate related to the sale of one SNF, partially offset by a $0.1 million gain on sale of real estate related to the sale of a land parcel adjacent to one of our SNFs. Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a $7.1 million unrealized loss on three mortgage secured loans receivable and two mezzanine loans receivable. The unrealized loss is due to rising interest rates. No unrealized losses were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021. Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 For discussion related to the results of operations and changes in financial condition for fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020, refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our fiscal 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on February 16, 2022. Liquidity and Capital Resources To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains, to our stockholders on an annual basis. Accordingly, we intend to make, but are not contractually bound to make, regular quarterly dividends to common stockholders from cash flow from operating activities. All such dividends are at the discretion of our board of directors. Our short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of operating and interest expenses directly associated with our properties, including: • • • • • interest expense and scheduled debt maturities on outstanding indebtedness; general and administrative expenses; dividend plans; operating lease obligations; and capital expenditures for improvements to our properties. Our long-term liquidity needs consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for acquisitions and other investments (including mortgage and mezzanine loan originations) capital expenditures, and scheduled debt maturities. We intend to invest in and/or develop additional healthcare and seniors housing properties as suitable opportunities arise and so long as adequate sources of financing are available. We expect that future investments in and/or development of properties, including any 46 Table of Contents improvements or renovations of current or newly-acquired properties, will depend on and will be financed by, in whole or in part, our existing cash, borrowings available to us under the Second Amended Credit Facility (as defined below), future borrowings or the proceeds from sales of shares of our common stock pursuant to our ATM Program or additional issuances of common stock or other securities. In addition, we may seek financing from U.S. government agencies, including through Fannie Mae and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, in appropriate circumstances in connection with acquisitions and refinancing of existing mortgage loans. We believe that our expected operating cash flow from rent collections, interest payments on our other real estate related investments, and borrowings under our Second Amended Credit Facility, together with our cash balance of $13.2 million, available borrowing capacity of $475.0 million under the Revolving Facility and availability under the ATM Program, each at December 31, 2022, will be sufficient to meet ongoing debt service requirements, dividend plans, operating lease obligations, capital expenditures, working capital requirements and other needs for at least the next 12 months. We expect to meet our long- term liquidity needs with cash flows from operations and financing arrangements. While we are currently pursuing the sale, re- tenanting or repurposing of certain of our assets in connection with our ongoing review and monitoring of our investment portfolio as described under “Recent Developments” above, we currently do not expect to sell any of our properties to meet liquidity needs, although we may do so in the future. Our quarterly cash dividend, any share repurchases under our Repurchase Program (as defined below) and any failure of our operators to pay rent or of our borrowers to make interest or principal payments may impact our available capital resources. On March 20, 2020, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $150.0 million of outstanding shares of our common stock (the “Repurchase Program”). Repurchases under the Repurchase Program, which expires on March 31, 2023, may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, structured or derivative transactions, including accelerated share repurchase transactions, or other methods of acquiring shares, in each case subject to market conditions and at such times as shall be permitted by applicable securities laws and determined by management. Repurchases under the Repurchase Program may also be made pursuant to a plan adopted under Rule 10b5-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act. We expect to finance any share repurchases under the Repurchase Program using available cash and may also use short-term borrowings under the Revolving Facility. We did not repurchase any shares of common stock under the Repurchase Program during the year ended December 31, 2022. The Repurchase Program may be modified, discontinued or suspended at any time. We have filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission that expires in March 2023, which will allow us or certain of our subsidiaries, as applicable, to offer and sell shares of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, rights, units and debt securities through underwriters, dealers or agents or directly to purchasers, in one or more offerings on a continuous or delayed basis, in amounts, at prices and on terms we determine at the time of the offering. Although we are subject to restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness, we expect that we will be able to refinance existing indebtedness or incur additional indebtedness for acquisitions or other purposes, if needed. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to refinance our indebtedness, incur additional indebtedness or access additional sources of capital, such as by issuing common stock or other debt or equity securities, on terms that are acceptable to us or at all. We currently are in compliance with all debt covenants on our outstanding indebtedness. 47 Table of Contents Cash Flows The following table presents selected data from our consolidated statements of cash flows for the years presented: Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (dollars in thousands) 144,415 $ (127,400) (23,732) (6,717) 19,895 13,178 $ 156,871 (192,633) 36,738 976 18,919 19,895 $ $ Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021 Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $144.4 million compared to $156.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, a decrease of $12.5 million. Operating cash inflows are derived primarily from the rental payments received under our lease agreements, including as a result of new investments, and interest payments on our other real estate related investments. Operating cash outflows consist primarily of interest expense on our borrowings and general and administrative expenses. The net decrease of $12.5 million in cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 is primarily due to a decrease in rental income received, an increase in cash paid for interest expense and an increase in cash paid for operating expenses related to assets we plan to sell, have sold, or repurpose, partially offset by interest income received on our other real estate related investments. Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily comprised of $171.6 million in acquisitions of real estate and investments in real estate related investments and other loans receivable, and $7.3 million of purchases of, and improvements to, equipment, furniture and fixtures and real estate, partially offset by $6.3 million of payments received from our other loans receivable and $45.1 million in net proceeds from real estate sales. Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily comprised of $194.0 million in acquisitions of real estate and investments in real estate related investments and other loans receivable and $6.0 million of purchases of, and improvements to, equipment, furniture and fixtures and real estate, partially offset by $0.4 million of payments received from our other loans receivable and $7.0 million in net proceeds from real estate sales. Our cash flows used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 were primarily comprised of $106.1 million in dividends paid, $5.4 million in payments of deferred financing costs and a $4.5 million net settlement adjustment on restricted stock, partially offset by $47.2 million of net proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM Program and $45.0 million in net borrowings under our Second Amended Credit Facility (as defined below). Our cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 were primarily comprised of $393.8 million of net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes, $30.0 million in net borrowings under our Prior Credit Agreement (as defined below) and $22.9 million of net proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM Program, partially offset by $307.9 million of payments to redeem our prior senior notes, $100.8 million in dividends paid, and a $1.3 million net settlement adjustment on restricted stock. Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020 For discussion related to the cash flows for fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020, refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our fiscal 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on February 16, 2022. Material Cash Requirements Our material cash requirements from known contractual and other obligations include: 3.875% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 On June 17, 2021, our wholly owned subsidiary, CTR Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”), and its wholly owned subsidiary, CareTrust Capital Corp. (together with the Operating Partnership, the “Issuers”), completed a private 48 Table of Contents offering of $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.875% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “Notes”). The Notes mature on June 30, 2028. The Notes accrue interest at a rate of 3.875% per annum payable semiannually in arrears on June 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on December 30, 2021. The obligations under the Notes are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, by us and all of our subsidiaries (other than the Issuers). As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the indenture governing the Notes. See Note 7, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for further information about the Notes. Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan On December 16, 2022, we, together with certain of our subsidiaries, entered into a second amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement with KeyBank National Association, as administrative agent, an issuing bank and swingline lender (the “Second Amended Credit Agreement”). The Operating Partnership is the borrower under the Second Amended Credit Agreement, and the obligations thereunder are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, by us and certain of our subsidiaries. The Second Amended Credit Agreement, which amends and restates our amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement, dated as of February 8, 2019 (as amended, the “Prior Credit Agreement”) provides for: (i) an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) with revolving commitments in an aggregate principal amount of $600.0 million, including a letter of credit subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and a swingline loan subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and (ii) the continuation of the unsecured term loan credit facility which was previously extended under the Prior Credit Agreement (the “Term Loan” and together with the Revolving Facility, the “Second Amended Credit Facility”) in an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million. Future borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility will be used for working capital purposes, for capital expenditures, to fund acquisitions and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2022, we had $200.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan and $125.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility. The Revolving Facility has a maturity date of February 9, 2027, and includes, at our sole discretion, two, six-month extension options. The Term Loan has a maturity date of February 8, 2026. The interest rates applicable to loans under the Revolving Facility are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.10% to 0.55% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR (each as defined in the Second Amended Credit Agreement) plus a margin ranging from 1.10% to 1.55% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if we obtain certain specified investment grade ratings on our senior long-term unsecured debt). The interest rates applicable to loans under the Term Loan are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.20% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.20% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if we obtain certain specified investment grade ratings on our senior long-term unsecured debt). In addition, the Operating Partnership will pay a facility fee on the revolving commitments under the Revolving Facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.35% per annum, based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries (unless we obtain certain specified investment grade ratings on our senior long- term unsecured debt and the Operating Partnership elects to decrease the applicable margin as described above, in which case the Operating Partnership will pay a facility fee on the revolving commitments ranging from 0.125% to 0.30% per annum based off the credit ratings of our senior long-term unsecured debt). As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the Second Amended Credit Agreement. See Note 7, Debt, to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for further information about the Second Amended Credit Agreement. Capital Expenditures As of December 31, 2022, we had committed to fund expansions, construction and capital improvements at certain triple- net leased facilities totaling $15.7 million, of which $2.7 million is subject to rent increase at the time of funding. We expect to fund the capital expenditures in the next one to two years. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, to our consolidated financial statements included in this report for further information regarding our obligation to finance certain capital expenditures under our triple-net leases. Dividend Plans We are required to pay dividends in order to maintain our REIT status and we expect to make quarterly dividend payments in cash with the annual dividend amount no less than 90% of our annual REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains. See Note 8, Equity, to our consolidated financial 49 Table of Contents statements included in this report for a summary of the cash dividends per share of our common stock declared by our board of directors for 2022, 2021 and 2020. Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Management believes that the assumptions and estimates used in preparation of the underlying consolidated financial statements are reasonable. Actual results, however, could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Certain accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies. Critical accounting policies are those policies that require management to make significant estimates and/or assumptions about matters that are uncertain at the time the estimates and/or assumptions are made or where we are required to make significant judgments and assumptions with respect to the practical application of accounting principles in our business operations. Critical accounting policies are by definition those policies that are material to our financial statements and for which the impact of changes in estimates, assumptions, and judgments could have a material impact to our financial statements. The following critical accounting policies discussion reflects what we believe are the most significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. This discussion of our critical accounting policies is intended to supplement the description of our accounting policies in the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements and to provide additional insight into the information used by management when evaluating significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments. For a discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements included in this report. Real Estate Acquisition Valuation. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations, our acquisitions of real estate investments generally do not meet the definition of a business, and are treated as asset acquisitions. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at their acquisition date relative fair values. Acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. We allocate the acquisition costs to the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets/liabilities and assumed liabilities on a relative fair value basis. Purchase price allocations contain uncertainties because they require management to make significant estimates and assumptions and to apply judgment to allocate the purchase price of real estate acquired among its components. We assess fair value based on available market information, such as capitalization and discount rates, comparable sale transactions and relevant per square foot or unit cost information. A real estate asset’s fair value may be determined utilizing cash flow projections that incorporate such market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, as well as market and economic conditions. The fair value of land is derived from comparable sales of land within the same submarket and/or region. The fair value of buildings and improvements and integral equipment, furniture and fixtures considers the value of the property as if it was vacant as well as replacement costs, depreciation factors, and other relevant market information. The use of different assumptions in these fair value inputs could significantly affect the reported amounts of the allocation of the acquisition on a relative fair value basis and the related depreciation expense recorded for such assets. If actual results are materially different than the assumptions used to determine fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, it is possible that adjustments to the carrying values of such assets and liabilities will have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations. Furthermore, if actual results are not consistent with estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to an impairment charge that could materially adversely impact our financial position and results of operations. We have not materially changed the assumptions used in the analysis during the year ended December 31, 2022. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. At each reporting period, we evaluate our real estate investments held for use for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The judgment regarding the existence of impairment indicators, used to determine if an impairment assessment is necessary, is based on factors such as, but not limited to, market conditions, operator performance and legal structure. If indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of the related real estate investments in relation to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying facilities. The most significant inputs to the undiscounted cash flows include, but are not limited to, historical and projected facility level financial results, a lease coverage ratio, the intended hold period by us, and a terminal capitalization rate. The analysis is also significantly impacted by determining the lowest level of cash flows, which generally would be at the master lease level of cash flows. Provisions for impairment losses related to long-lived assets are recognized when expected future undiscounted cash flows are determined to be less than the carrying values of the assets. The impairment is measured as the excess of carrying value over fair value. 50 Table of Contents We classify our real estate investments as held for sale when the applicable criteria have been met, which includes a formal plan to sell the properties that is expected to be completed within one year, among other criteria. Upon designation as held for sale, we write down the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value less costs to sell, resulting in an impairment of the real estate investments, if necessary, and cease depreciation. The fair value of the assets held for sale is based on estimated sales prices, which are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Estimated sales prices are determined using a market approach (comparable sales model), which relies on certain assumptions by management, including: (i) comparable market transactions, (ii) estimated prices per unit, and (iii) binding agreements for sales and non- binding offers to purchase from unrelated third-parties. There are inherent uncertainties in making these assumptions. If circumstances arise that previously were considered unlikely and, as a result, we decide not to sell a real estate investment previously classified as held for sale or otherwise no longer meets the held for sale criteria, the respective assets are reclassified as real estate investments held for use. A real estate investment that is reclassified is measured and recorded individually at the lower of (a) its carrying amount before the real estate investment was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the real estate investment been continuously classified as held for use, or (b) the fair value at the date of the decision not to sell or change in circumstances that led to the real estate investment no longer meeting the criteria of held for sale. The fair value of the real estate investment is based on current market conditions and considers matters such as the forecasted operating cash flows, lease coverage ratios, capitalization rates, and, where applicable, terms of recent lease agreements or the results of negotiations with prospective tenants. Our ability to accurately estimate future cash flows and estimate and allocate fair values impacts the timing and recognition of impairments. While we believe our assumptions are reasonable, changes in these assumptions may have a material impact on financial results. Given the ongoing impacts of COVID-19, the projected cash flows that we use to assess fair value for purposes of impairment testing are subject to greater uncertainty than normal. If in the future we reduce our estimate of cash flow projections, we may need to impair some of these assets. We have not materially changed the assumptions used in the analysis during the year ended December 31, 2022. Revenue Recognition. We recognize lease revenue in accordance with ASC 842, Leases. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail. Our assessment of collectibility of tenant receivables includes a binary assessment of whether or not substantially all of the amounts due under a tenant’s lease agreement are probable of collection. This assessment involves significant judgment by management and considers the operator’s performance and anticipated trends, payment history, and the existence and creditworthiness of guarantees, among other factors, in making this determination. For such leases that are deemed probable of collection, revenue continues to be recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term, if applicable. For such leases that are deemed not probable of collection, revenue is recorded as the lesser of (i) the amount which would be recognized on a straight-line basis or (ii) cash that has been received from the tenant, with any tenant and deferred rent receivable balances charged as a direct write-off against rental income in the period of the change in the collectibility determination. Management’s judgement can impact the timing of write-offs and recovery adjustments. We did not materially change the assumptions used in the analysis during the year ended December 31, 2022. Fair Value of Other Real Estate Related Investments. We have elected the fair value option for our other real estate related investments for which such election is permitted, as provided for under ASC 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”). For financial instruments that are traded in an "active market," the best measure of fair value is the quoted market price. In cases where market-observable data is not available, the data used for the measurement must reflect assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including adjustments that market participants demand for the risk associated with the unobservable data or the model used to determine fair value). We have concluded to use a present value technique, a discounted cash flow model, to determine fair value. The determination of estimated fair value of our other real estate related investments requires the use of both macroeconomic and microeconomic assumptions and/or inputs, which are generally based on current market and economic conditions, such as changes in the risk-free or benchmark rate and changes attributable to instrument-specific credit risk (e.g., changes in credit spread associated with the instrument). Changes in market and/or economic conditions could have a significant adverse effect on the estimated fair value of our financial instruments. Changes to assumptions, including assumed benchmark rates and credit spreads, may significantly impact the estimated fair value of our investments. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, the estimated fair value of our financial instruments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the financial instruments existed, and the differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements. 51 Table of Contents Impact of Inflation Our rental income in future years will be impacted by changes in inflation. Almost all of our triple-net lease agreements, including the Ensign leases, provide for an annual rent escalator based on the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (but not less than zero), subject to maximum fixed percentages. ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Our primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk with respect to our variable rate indebtedness. Our Second Amended Credit Agreement provides for: (i) an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) with revolving commitments in an aggregate principal amount of $600.0 million, including a letter of credit subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and a swingline loan subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and (ii) an unsecured term loan credit facility (the “Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million from a syndicate of banks and other financial institutions. The interest rates applicable to loans under the Revolving Facility are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.10% to 0.55% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR (each as defined in the Second Amended Credit Agreement) plus a margin ranging from 1.10% to 1.55% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if we obtain certain specified investment grade ratings on our senior long-term unsecured debt). The interest rates applicable to loans under the Term Loan are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.20% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.20% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if we obtain certain specified investment grade ratings on our senior long-term unsecured debt). As of December 31, 2022, we had a $200.0 million Term Loan outstanding and there was $125.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility. Based on our outstanding debt balance as of December 31, 2022 described above and the interest rates applicable to our outstanding debt at December 31, 2022, assuming a 100 basis point increase in the interest rates related to our variable rate debt, interest expense would have increased approximately $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. An increase in interest rates could make the financing of any acquisition by us more costly as well as increase the costs of our variable rate debt obligations. Rising interest rates could also limit our ability to refinance our debt when it matures or cause us to pay higher interest rates upon refinancing and increase interest expense on refinanced indebtedness. Increased inflation may also have a pronounced negative impact on the interest expense we pay in connection with our outstanding indebtedness, as these costs could increase at a rate higher than our rents. We may, in the future, manage, or hedge, interest rate risks related to our borrowings by means of interest rate swap agreements. However, the REIT provisions of the Code substantially limit our ability to hedge our assets and liabilities. See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Status as a REIT - Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively and may cause us to incur tax liabilities.” As of December 31, 2022, we had no swap agreements to hedge our interest rate risks. We also expect to manage our exposure to interest rate risk by maintaining a mix of fixed and variable rates for our indebtedness. ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data See the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1 of this report. ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures None. ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures Disclosure Controls and Procedures We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure 52 Table of Contents controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. As of December 31, 2022, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, regarding the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that the transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and our directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2022, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein. 53 Table of Contents REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of CareTrust REIT, Inc. Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of CareTrust REIT, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, of the Company and our report dated February 9, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Costa Mesa, California February 9, 2023 54 Table of Contents ITEM 9B. Other Information Not applicable. ITEM 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections Not applicable. 55 Table of Contents PART III ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required under Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Code of Conduct and Ethics We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to all employees, including employees of our subsidiaries, as well as each member of our Board of Directors. The code of business conduct and ethics is available at our website at www.caretrustreit.com under the Investors-Corporate Governance section. We intend to satisfy any disclosure requirement under applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission or the New York Stock Exchange regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of this code of business conduct and ethics by posting such information on our website, at the address specified above. ITEM 11. Executive Compensation The information required under Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required under Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information required under Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services The information required under Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 in connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 56 Table of Contents PART IV Table of Contents ITEM 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules (a)(1) Financial Statements See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1 of this report. (a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules Schedule III: Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation Schedule IV: Mortgage Loans on Real Estate Note: All other schedules have been omitted because the required information is presented in the financial statements and the related notes or because the schedules are not applicable. (a)(3) Exhibits 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 +10.6 +10.7 +10.8 Articles of Amendment and Restatement of CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed on May 13, 2014). Articles of Amendment, dated May 30, 2018, to the Articles of Amendment and Restatement of CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 31, 2018). Amended and Restated Bylaws of CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 7, 2019). Indenture, dated as of June 17, 2021, among CTR Partnership, L.P. and CareTrust Capital Corp., as Issuers, CareTrust REIT, Inc., the other guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 17, 2021). Form of 3.875% Senior Note due 2028 (included in Exhibit 4.1). Specimen Stock Certificate of CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed on April 15, 2014). Description of CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Capital Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on February 20, 2020). Form of Master Lease by and among certain subsidiaries of The Ensign Group, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 5, 2014). Form of Guaranty of Master Lease by The Ensign Group, Inc. in favor of certain subsidiaries of CareTrust REIT, Inc., as landlords under the Ensign Master Leases (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 5, 2014). Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of May 30, 2014, by and between The Ensign Group, Inc. and CareTrust REIT, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 5, 2014). Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2022 by and among CTR Partnership, L.P., as borrower, CareTrust REIT, Inc., as guarantor, CareTrust GP, LLC and the other guarantors named therein and KeyBank National Association, as administrative agent, an issuing lender and swingline lender and the other parties thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 19, 2022). Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of CTR Partnership, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4, filed on August 28, 2014). Form of Indemnification Agreement between CareTrust REIT, Inc. and its directors and officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 5, 2014). Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 10, filed on May 13, 2014). Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on February 11, 2015). 58 Table of Contents +10.9 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on February 11, 2015). *+10.10 Form of TSR Award Agreement *+10.11 Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice +10.12 Form of Change in Control and Severance Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to CareTrust REIT, Inc’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 11, 2019). *21.1 List of Subsidiaries of CareTrust REIT, Inc. *23.1 *31.1 *31.2 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Certification of Chief Executive Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Chief Financial Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. **32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. *101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document *101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document *101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document *101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document *101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document *101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document *104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) * ** + Filed herewith. Furnished herewith. Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 59 Table of Contents ITEM 16. Form 10-K Summary None. 60 Table of Contents Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES CARETRUST REIT, INC. By: /S/ DAVID M. SEDGWICK David M. Sedgwick President and Chief Executive Officer Dated: February 9, 2023 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Name Title Date /s/ DAVID M. SEDGWICK David M. Sedgwick /s/ WILLIAM M. WAGNER William M. Wagner /s/ DIANA LAING Diana Laing /s/ ANNE OLSON Anne Olson /s/ SPENCER PLUMB Spencer Plumb /s/ CAREINA WILLIAMS Careina Williams President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) February 9, 2023 Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) February 9, 2023 Director February 9, 2023 Director February 9, 2023 Director February 9, 2023 Director February 9, 2023 61 Table of Contents INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34) with respect to CareTrust REIT, Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 Consolidated Statements of Equity for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Schedule III: Real Estate Assets and Accumulated Depreciation Schedule IV: Mortgage Loans on Real Estate Page F-2 F-4 F-5 F-6 F-7 F-8 F-30 F-38 F-1 Table of Contents REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of CareTrust REIT, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CareTrust REIT, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and the schedules listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 9, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Impairment of Real Estate Investments, Assets Held for Sale, Net and Asset Sales — Refer to Notes 2 and 4 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description The Company classifies its real estate investments as held for sale when the applicable criteria have been met, which includes a formal plan to sell the properties that is expected to be completed within one year, among other criteria. Upon designation as held for sale, the Company writes down the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value less costs to sell, resulting in an impairment of the real estate investments, if necessary. If circumstances arise that previously were considered unlikely and, as a result, the Company decides not to sell a real estate investment previously classified as held for sale or otherwise no longer meets the held for sale criteria, the respective assets are reclassified as real estate investments held for use. A real estate investment that is reclassified is measured and recorded individually at the lower of (a) its carrying amount before the real estate investment was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the real estate investment been continuously classified as held for use, or (b) the fair value at the date of the decision not to sell or change in circumstances that led to the real estate investment no longer meeting the criteria of held for sale. F-2 Table of Contents The fair value of the assets held for sale is based on a market approach using estimated sales prices (comparable sales model), which relies on certain assumptions by management, including: (i) comparable market transactions, (ii) estimated prices per unit, and (iii) binding agreements for sales and non-binding offers to purchase from unrelated third-parties. The fair value of assets reclassified as real estate investments held for use is based on an income approach using current market conditions and considers matters such as the forecasted operating cash flows, lease coverage ratios, capitalization rates, and, where applicable, terms of recent lease agreements or the results of negotiations with prospective tenants. There are inherent uncertainties in making these assumptions. We identified the impairment of real estate investments as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions management makes to determine the fair value of real estate investments held for sale and real estate investments reclassified from held for sale to held for use. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s determination of fair value. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had real estate investments held for sale of $12.3 million, after taking an impairment loss of $14.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company reclassified real estate investments from held for sale to held for use of $57.4 million, after taking an impairment loss of $18.0 million. How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our audit procedures related to the significant inputs to the fair value of real estate investments held for sale and real estate investments reclassified from held for sale to held for use included the following, among others: • We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s evaluation of balance sheet classification and determination of fair value for real estate investments held for sale and real estate investments reclassified to real estate investments held for use. • We evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) valuation methodology; and (2) the concluded real estate investment fair value by independently obtaining sales comparison data, capitalization rates, and market rents and developing a range of independent fair value estimates and comparing our estimates to those used by management. • We used the assistance of our fair value specialists in obtaining relevant market data, where necessary. • Read and considered terms of executed arrangements and evidence regarding terms for arrangements in the process of negotiation at or near the valuation date. • We held discussions with management to understand individual real estate investment specific factors that impacted the Company’s fair value determination. /s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Costa Mesa, California February 9, 2023 We have served as the Company's auditor since 2019. F-3 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Assets: Real estate investments, net Other real estate related investments, at fair value (including accrued interest of $1,320 as of December 31, 2022 and $155 as of December 31, 2021) Assets held for sale, net Cash and cash equivalents Accounts and other receivables Prepaid expenses and other assets, net Deferred financing costs, net Total assets Liabilities and Equity: Senior unsecured notes payable, net Senior unsecured term loan, net Unsecured revolving credit facility Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred rent liabilities Dividends payable Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) Equity: Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 Common stock, $0.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized, 99,010,112 and 96,296,673 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively Additional paid-in capital Cumulative distributions in excess of earnings Total equity Total liabilities and equity December 31, 2022 2021 $ 1,421,410 $ 1,589,971 156,368 12,291 13,178 416 11,690 5,428 15,155 4,835 19,895 2,418 7,512 1,062 $ 1,620,781 $ 1,640,848 $ 395,150 $ 199,348 125,000 24,360 27,550 771,408 — 990 394,262 199,136 80,000 25,408 26,285 725,091 — 963 1,245,337 1,196,839 (396,954) (282,045) 849,373 915,757 $ 1,620,781 $ 1,640,848 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-4 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except per share amounts) Revenues: Rental income Independent living facilities Interest and other income Total revenues Expenses: Depreciation and amortization Interest expense Property taxes Independent living facilities Impairment of real estate investments Provision for loan losses, net Property operating expenses General and administrative Total expenses Other loss: Loss on extinguishment of debt Loss on sale of real estate, net Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments Total other loss Net (loss) income (Loss) earnings per common share: Basic Diluted Weighted-average number of common shares: Basic Diluted Year Ended December 31, 2021 2022 2020 $ 187,506 $ 190,195 $ 173,612 — 8,626 196,132 50,316 30,008 4,333 — 79,062 3,844 5,039 20,165 192,767 — 2,156 192,351 55,340 23,677 3,574 — — — — 26,874 109,465 — (10,827) (3,769) (7,102) (77) — (10,871) (10,904) 2,077 2,643 178,332 52,760 23,661 2,836 1,869 — — — 16,302 97,428 — (37) — (37) $ $ $ (7,506) $ 71,982 $ 80,867 (0.08) $ (0.08) $ 0.74 $ 0.74 $ 96,703 96,703 96,017 96,092 0.85 0.85 95,200 95,207 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-5 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (in thousands, except share and per share amounts) Balance as of December 31, 2019 Issuance of common stock, net Vesting of restricted common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes Amortization of stock-based compensation Common dividends ($1.00 per share) Net income Balance as of December 31, 2020 Issuance of common stock, net Vesting of restricted common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes Amortization of stock-based compensation Common dividends ($1.06 per share) Net income Balance as of December 31, 2021 Issuance of common stock, net Shares 95,103,270 $ — 112,527 — — — 95,215,797 990,000 90,876 — — — 96,296,673 2,405,000 Vesting of restricted common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 308,439 Amortization of stock-based compensation Common dividends ($1.10 per share) Net loss — — — Balance as of December 31, 2022 99,010,112 $ Common Stock Amount Additional Paid-in Capital 951 $ 1,162,990 $ (404) — 1 — — — 952 10 1 — — — 963 24 3 — (1,996) 3,812 — — 1,164,402 22,936 (1,331) 10,832 — — 1,196,839 47,212 (4,472) 5,758 Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Earnings (236,350) $ — — — (95,729) 80,867 (251,212) — — — (102,815) 71,982 (282,045) — — — Total Equity 927,591 (404) (1,995) 3,812 (95,729) 80,867 914,142 22,946 (1,330) 10,832 (102,815) 71,982 915,757 47,236 (4,469) 5,758 (107,403) (7,506) 849,373 — — 990 $ 1,245,337 $ — — (107,403) (7,506) (396,954) $ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-6 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net (loss) income Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: $ (7,506) $ 71,982 $ 80,867 Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Depreciation and amortization (including below-market ground leases) Amortization of deferred financing costs Loss on extinguishment of debt Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments Amortization of stock-based compensation Straight-line rental income Adjustment for collectibility of rental income Noncash interest income Loss on sale of real estate, net Interest income distribution from other real estate investment Impairment of real estate investments Provision for loan losses, net Change in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts and other receivables Prepaid expenses and other assets, net Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and deferred rent liabilities Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Acquisitions of real estate, net of deposits applied Purchases of equipment, furniture and fixtures and improvements to real estate Investment in real estate related investments and other loans receivable Principal payments received on other loans receivable Repayment of other real estate investment Escrow deposits for potential acquisitions of real estate Net proceeds from sales of real estate Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from (costs paid for) the issuance of common stock, net Proceeds from the issuance of senior unsecured notes payable Borrowings under unsecured revolving credit facility Payments on senior unsecured notes payable Payments on unsecured revolving credit facility Payments on debt extinguishment and deferred financing costs Net-settle adjustment on restricted stock Dividends paid on common stock Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents as of the beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents as of the end of period Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Interest paid Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities: Increase in dividends payable Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligation Transfer of pre-acquisition costs to acquired assets Sale of real estate settled with notes receivable 50,378 2,095 — 7,102 5,758 (17) 1,417 (1,165) 3,769 — 79,062 3,844 604 123 (1,049) 144,415 (21,915) (7,292) (149,650) 6,308 — — 45,149 (127,400) 55,394 2,052 10,827 — 10,832 (32) — (155) 77 — — — (562) 399 6,057 156,871 (192,718) (6,013) (1,253) 393 — — 6,958 (192,633) 47,236 — 160,000 — (115,000) (5,361) (4,469) (106,138) (23,732) (6,717) 19,895 13,178 $ 22,946 400,000 220,000 (300,000) (190,000) (14,095) (1,331) (100,782) 36,738 976 18,919 19,895 $ 52,819 1,950 — — 3,790 (77) — — 37 1,346 — — 825 387 3,791 145,735 (89,650) (8,297) (30,498) 80,928 2,327 (3,000) 6,608 (41,582) (404) — 65,000 — (75,000) — (1,996) (93,161) (105,561) (1,408) 20,327 18,919 25,912 $ 22,838 $ 21,691 1,265 $ — $ 7 $ 12,000 $ 2,033 $ — $ 358 $ — $ 2,568 599 168 32,400 $ $ $ $ $ $ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-7 Table of Contents 1. ORGANIZATION CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Description of Business—CareTrust REIT, Inc.’s (“CareTrust REIT” or the “Company”) primary business consists of acquiring, financing, developing and owning real property to be leased to third-party tenants in the healthcare sector. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned and leased to independent operators, 216 skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), multi- service campuses, assisted living facilities (“ALFs”) and independent living facilities (“ILFs”) consisting of 22,831 operational beds and units located in 28 states with the highest concentration of properties by rental income located in California, Texas, Louisiana, Idaho and Arizona. As of December 31, 2022, the Company also had other real estate related investments consisting of three real estate secured loans receivable and two mezzanine loans receivable with a carrying value of $156.4 million. COVID-19—The COVID-19 pandemic has had and may continue to have an adverse impact on the economy generally and the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. The duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on the Company’s operational and financial performance, and the operational and financial performance of the Company’s tenants, will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, including resurgences of COVID-19 or outbreaks of other highly infectious diseases. The adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition could be material. 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation—The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company reflect, for all periods presented, the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All intercompany transactions and account balances within the Company have been eliminated. Lessor Accounting—The Company recognizes lease revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases. The Company’s lease agreements typically contain annual escalators based on the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index which are accounted for as variable lease payments in the period in which the change occurs. For lease agreements that contain fixed rent escalators, the Company generally recognizes lease revenue on a straight-line basis of accounting. The Company generates revenues primarily by leasing healthcare-related properties to healthcare operators in triple-net lease arrangements, under which the tenant is solely responsible for the costs related to the property. Tenant reimbursements related to property taxes and insurance paid by the lessee directly to a third party on behalf of a lessor are required to be excluded from variable payments and from recognition in the lessor’s statements of operations. Otherwise, tenant recoveries for taxes and insurance are classified as additional rental revenues recognized by the lessor on a gross basis in its statements of operations. The Company’s assessment of collectibility of its tenant receivables includes a binary assessment of whether or not substantially all of the amounts due under a tenant’s lease agreement are probable of collection. The Company considers the operator’s performance and anticipated trends, payment history, and the existence and creditworthiness of guarantees, among other factors, in making this determination. For such leases that are deemed probable of collection, revenue continues to be recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term, if applicable. For such leases that are deemed not probable of collection, revenue is recorded as the lesser of (i) the amount which would be recognized on a straight-line basis or (ii) cash that has been received from the tenant, with any tenant and deferred rent receivable balances charged as a direct write-off against rental income in the period of the change in the collectibility determination. Such write-offs and recoveries are recorded as decreases or increases through rental income on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company did not record any recovery adjustments and wrote-off $1.4 million of rental income. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company did not record any recovery adjustments or write-off adjustments to rental income. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded recovery adjustments of $1.0 million and did not recognize any write- off adjustments to rental income. See Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net for further detail. Estimates and Assumptions—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Management believes that the assumptions and estimates used in preparation of the underlying consolidated financial statements are reasonable. Actual results, however, could differ from those estimates and assumptions. F-8 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Real Estate Acquisition Valuation— In accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, the Company’s acquisitions of real estate investments generally do not meet the definition of a business, and are treated as asset acquisitions. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at their acquisition date relative fair values. Acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. The Company allocates the acquisition costs to the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets/liabilities and assumed liabilities on a relative fair value basis. The Company assesses fair value based on available market information, such as capitalization and discount rates, comparable sale transactions and relevant per square foot or unit cost information. A real estate asset’s fair value may be determined utilizing cash flow projections that incorporate such market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, as well as market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an acquired property is based on the value of the property as if it is vacant. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets—At each reporting period, the Company evaluates its real estate investments held for use for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The judgment regarding the existence of impairment indicators, used to determine if an impairment assessment is necessary, is based on factors such as, but not limited to, market conditions, operator performance and legal structure. If indicators of impairment are present, the Company evaluates the carrying value of the related real estate investments in relation to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying facilities. The most significant inputs to the undiscounted cash flows include, but are not limited to, historical and projected facility level financial results, a lease coverage ratio, the intended hold period by the Company, and a terminal capitalization rate. The analysis is also significantly impacted by determining the lowest level of cash flows, which generally would be at the master lease level of cash flows. Provisions for impairment losses related to long-lived assets are recognized when expected future undiscounted cash flows are determined to be less than the carrying values of the assets. The impairment is measured as the excess of carrying value over fair value. All impairments are taken as a period cost at that time, and depreciation is adjusted going forward to reflect the new value assigned to the asset. The Company classifies its real estate investments as held for sale when the applicable criteria have been met, which includes a formal plan to sell the properties that is expected to be completed within one year, among other criteria. Upon designation as held for sale, the Company writes down the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value less costs to sell, resulting in an impairment of the real estate investments, if necessary, and ceases depreciation. In the event of impairment, the fair value of the real estate investment is based on current market conditions and considers matters such as the forecasted operating cash flows, lease coverage ratios, capitalization rates, comparable sales data, and, where applicable, contracts or the results of negotiations with purchasers or prospective purchasers. If circumstances arise that previously were considered unlikely and, as a result, the Company decides not to sell a real estate investment previously classified as held for sale or otherwise no longer meets the held for sale criteria, the respective assets are reclassified as real estate investments held for use. A real estate investment that is reclassified is measured and recorded individually at the lower of (a) its carrying amount before the real estate investment was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the real estate investment been continuously classified as held for use, or (b) the fair value at the date of the decision not to sell or change in circumstances that led to the real estate investment no longer meeting the criteria of held for sale. The Company’s ability to accurately estimate future cash flows and estimate and allocate fair values impacts the timing and recognition of impairments. While the Company believes its assumptions are reasonable, changes in these assumptions may have a material impact on financial results. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $79.1 million. See Note 4, Impairment of Real Estate Investments, Asset Held For Sale, Net and Asset Sales, for additional information. Other Real Estate Related Investments—Included in other real estate related investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2022, are three real estate secured loans receivable and two mezzanine loans receivable. Included in other real estate related investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2021, is one mezzanine loan receivable. The Company elected the fair value option for all other real estate related investments. Instruments for which the fair value option has been elected are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value recognized in other income (loss) on the consolidated statements of operations. Fair value was estimated using an internal valuation model that considered the expected future cash flows of the investment, the underlying collateral value, market F-9 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS interest rates and other credit enhancements. Interest income is recognized as earned within interest and other income in the consolidated statements of operations. Prepaid expenses and other assets—Prepaid expenses and other assets consist of prepaid expenses, deposits, pre- acquisition costs and other loans receivable. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company determined that the remaining contractual obligations under two other loans receivable were not collectible and recorded a $4.6 million expected credit loss, net of a loan loss recovery of $0.8 million related to a loan previously written-off. Expected credit losses and recoveries are recorded in provision for loan losses, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s other loans receivable are reflected at amortized cost, net of an allowance for credit loss, on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The amortized cost of a loan receivable is the outstanding unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized discounts, costs and fees directly associated with the origination of the loan. Income Taxes—The Company has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Company believes it has been organized and has operated, and the Company intends to continue to operate, in a manner to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of the Company’s annual REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes as qualifying dividends all of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Real Estate Depreciation and Amortization—Real estate costs related to the acquisition and improvement of properties are capitalized and amortized over the expected useful life of the asset on a straight-line basis. Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred and significant replacements and betterments are capitalized. Repair and maintenance costs include all costs that do not extend the useful life of the real estate asset. The Company considers the period of future benefit of an asset to determine its appropriate useful life. Expenditures for tenant improvements are capitalized and amortized over the shorter of the tenant’s lease term or expected useful life. The Company anticipates the estimated useful lives of its assets by class to be generally as follows: Building Building improvements Tenant improvements Integral equipment, furniture and fixtures Identified intangible assets 25-40 years 10-25 years Shorter of lease term or expected useful life 5 years Shorter of lease term or expected useful life Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank term deposits and money market funds with original maturities of three months or less at time of purchase and therefore approximate fair value. The fair value of these investments is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance periodically exceeds federally insurable limits. The Company monitors the cash balances in its operating accounts and adjusts the cash balances as appropriate; however, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in its operating accounts. Deferred Financing Costs—External costs incurred from placement of the Company’s debt are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related borrowings, which approximates the effective interest method. For senior unsecured notes payable and the senior unsecured term loan, deferred financing costs are netted against the outstanding debt amounts on the consolidated balance sheets. For the unsecured revolving credit facility, deferred financing costs are included in assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred financing costs is F-10 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS classified as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Accumulated amortization of deferred financing costs was $2.5 million and $8.0 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. When financings are terminated, unamortized deferred financing costs, as well as charges incurred for the termination, are expensed at the time the termination is made. Gains and losses from the extinguishment of debt are presented within other income (loss) in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10.8 million. See Note 7, Debt, for further detail. Stock-Based Compensation—The Company accounts for share-based payment awards in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires all entities to apply a fair value-based measurement method in accounting for share-based payment transactions with directors, officers and employees. The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to directors, officers and employees based on the grant date fair value, amortized over the requisite service period of the award. Compensation expense for awards with performance-based vesting conditions is recognized based upon the probability that the performance target will be met. Compensation expense for awards with market-based vesting conditions is recognized based upon the estimated number of awards to be earned and is recognized provided that the requisite service is rendered, regardless of when, if ever, the market condition is satisfied. Forfeitures of stock-based awards are recognized as they occur. Net (loss) income reflects stock-based compensation expense of $5.8 million, $10.8 million and $3.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Concentration of Credit Risk—The Company is subject to concentrations of credit risk consisting primarily of operating leases on its owned properties. See Note 12, Concentration of Risk, for a discussion of major operator concentration. Segment Disclosures —The Company is subject to disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting. The Company has one reportable segment consisting of investments in healthcare-related real estate assets. Earnings Per Share—The Company calculates earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the additional dilution for all potentially-dilutive securities. Beds, Units, Occupancy and Other Measures—Beds, units, occupancy and other non-financial measures used to describe real estate investments included in these Notes to the consolidated financial statements are presented on an unaudited basis and are not subject to audit by the independent registered public accounting firm in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Recent Accounting Pronouncements— In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”), which provides optional relief to applying reference rate reform to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). For U.S. Dollar LIBOR, the overnight, one-month, three-month, six-month and one-year LIBOR rates will be discontinued in June 2023, while other U.S. Dollar LIBOR rates were discontinued at the end of 2021. The amendments in this update were effective immediately and could have been applied through December 31, 2022. On December 21, 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06 to defer the sunset date of ASC 848 to December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company adopted ASU 2020-04. Adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. F-11 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3. REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS, NET The following table summarizes the Company’s investment in owned properties held for use at December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands): Land Buildings and improvements Integral equipment, furniture and fixtures Identified intangible assets Real estate investments Accumulated depreciation and amortization Real estate investments, net December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 $ $ 238,738 $ 1,483,133 97,199 2,832 1,821,902 (400,492) 1,421,410 $ 251,787 1,622,019 104,722 1,257 1,979,785 (389,814) 1,589,971 As of December 31, 2022, 94 of the Company’s 216 facilities were leased to subsidiaries of The Ensign Group, Inc. (“Ensign”) on a triple-net basis under multiple long-term leases (each, an “Ensign Master Lease” and, collectively, the “Ensign Master Leases”) which commenced on June 1, 2014 and were subsequently modified on October 1, 2019, June 1, 2021, August 1, 2021, March 1, 2022 and April 1, 2022. The obligations under the Ensign Master Leases are guaranteed by Ensign. A default by any subsidiary of Ensign with regard to any facility leased pursuant to an Ensign Master Lease will result in a default under all of the Ensign Master Leases. As of December 31, 2022, annualized contractual rental income from the Ensign Master Leases was $62.3 million and is escalated annually, in June, by an amount equal to the product of (1) the lesser of the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) (but not less than zero) or 2.5%, and (2) the prior year’s rent. In addition to rent, the subsidiaries of Ensign that are tenants under the Ensign Master Leases are solely responsible for the costs related to the leased properties (including property taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repair costs). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company acquired four additional facilities leased to subsidiaries of Ensign on a triple-net basis under two separate master lease agreements, each of which contains a purchase option. As of December 31, 2022, annualized contractual rental income from the four additional Ensign facilities was $3.9 million and is escalated annually, in December, by an amount equal to the product of (1) the lesser of the percentage change in the CPI (but not less than zero) or 2.5%, and (2) the prior year’s rent. In addition to rent, the subsidiaries of Ensign that are tenants under the four additional facilities are solely responsible for the costs related to the leased properties (including property taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repair costs). The obligations under the lease agreements for the four additional facilities are guaranteed by Ensign but do not contain cross-default provisions with the Ensign Master Leases. See below under “Lease Amendments” for further detail on Ensign lease amendments. As of December 31, 2022, 15 of the Company’s facilities were leased to subsidiaries of Priority Management Group (“PMG”) on a triple-net basis under one long-term lease (the “PMG Master Lease”). The PMG Master Lease commenced on December 1, 2016, and provides an initial term of fifteen years, with two five-year renewal options. As of December 31, 2022, annualized contractual rental income from the PMG Master Lease was $30.2 million and is escalated annually by an amount equal to the product of (1) the lesser of the percentage change in the CPI (but not less than zero) or 3.0%, and (2) the prior year’s rent. In addition to rent, the subsidiaries of PMG that are tenants under the PMG Master Lease are solely responsible for the costs related to the leased properties (including property taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repair costs). As of December 31, 2022, 103 of the Company’s 216 facilities were leased to various other operators under triple- net leases. All of these leases contain annual escalators based on the percentage change in the CPI (but not less than zero), some of which are subject to a cap, or fixed rent escalators. During the second and third quarters of 2022, the Company entered into triple-net lease agreements for two of the Company’s 216 facilities which are being repurposed to behavioral health facilities with rent commencing 12 to 18 months following lease commencement. Two of the Company’s 216 facilities are non- operational and are leased under a short term lease with an expected remaining term of less than one year as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, five facilities were held for sale. See Note 4, Impairment of Real Estate Investments, Assets Held for Sale, Net and Asset Sales for additional information. F-12 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s total future contractual minimum rental income for all of its tenants, excluding operating expense reimbursements, was as follows (dollars in thousands): Year 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Thereafter Amount 190,704 190,463 190,621 190,727 187,719 984,665 1,934,899 $ $ Tenant Purchase Options Certain of the Company’s operators hold purchase options allowing them to acquire properties they currently lease from the Company. A summary of these purchase options is presented below (dollars in thousands): Asset Type SNF SNF SNF / Campus SNF Properties 11 1 2 4 Lease Expiration November 2030 March 2029 October 2032 November 2034 Next Option Open Date(1) 1/1/2023 4/1/2022 1/1/2023 12/1/2024 (4) (5) (4) (5) Option Type(2) B A / B(6) A A Current Cash Rent(3) 5,092 805 1,097 3,891 (1) The Company has not received notice of exercise for the option periods that are currently open. (2) Option type includes: A - Fixed base price. B - Fixed capitalization rate on lease revenue. (3) Based on annualized cash revenue for contracts in place at December 31, 2022. (4) Option window is open for six months. (5) Option window is open until the expiration of the lease term. (6) Purchase option reflects two option types. Rental Income The following table summarizes components of the Company’s rental income (dollars in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Rental Income Contractual rent due(1) Straight-line rent Adjustment for collectibility(2) Recoveries(3) Lease termination revenue(4) Total $ $ 188,906 $ 190,100 $ 171,309 17 (1,417) — — 32 — — 63 77 — 1,047 1,179 187,506 $ 190,195 $ 173,612 (1) Includes initial cash rent and tenant operating expense reimbursements, as adjusted for applicable rental escalators and rent increases due to capital expenditures funded by the Company. For tenants on a cash basis, this represents the lesser of the amount that would be recognized on a straight-line basis or cash that has been received. (2) During the year ended December 31, 2022, and in accordance with ASC 842, the Company evaluated the collectibility of lease payments through maturity and determined that it was not probable that the Company would collect substantially all of the contractual obligations from five existing and former operators. As such, the Company reversed $0.7 million of operating expense reimbursements, $0.2 million of contractual rent and $0.5 million of straight-line rent during the year ended December 31, 2022. If lease payments are subsequently deemed probable of collection, the Company will reestablish the receivable which will result in an increase in rental income for such recoveries. (3) During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recovered $1.0 million in rental income related to affiliates of Metron Integrated Health Systems (“Metron”) that was previously written off. F-13 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (4) In connection with the agreement to terminate its lease agreements with Metron and to sell the facilities to a third-party, the Company received certain lease termination payments from Metron. During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized approximately $0.1 million and $1.2 million in lease termination revenue, respectively. Recent Real Estate Acquisitions The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollar amounts in thousands): Type of Property December 31, 2022 Skilled nursing Multi-service campuses Total December 31, 2021 Skilled nursing Multi-service campuses Assisted living Total December 31, 2020 Skilled nursing Multi-service campuses Assisted living Total Purchase Price(1) Initial Annual Cash Rent Number of Properties Number of Beds/Units(2) $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,918 $ 13,003 21,921 $ 57,973 $ 125,708 12,395 196,076 $ 75,545 $ 6,876 7,396 89,817 $ 815 1,235 2,050 4,499 (3) 8,604 (4) — (5) 13,103 6,453 555 590 7,598 1 1 2 4 4 2 10 6 1 1 8 135 130 265 509 640 98 1,247 715 184 62 961 (1) Purchase price includes capitalized acquisition costs. (2) The number of beds/units includes operating beds at acquisition date. (3) (4) Initial annual cash rent represents initial cash rent for the first twelve months excluding any impact of straight-line rent. Initial annual cash rent represents the first twelve months of rent upon commencement of the Company’s long-term net leases, which occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2021, upon the tenant’s receipt of licensing approval and increases to $9.4 million in the second year with CPI-based annual escalators thereafter. Initial annual cash rent is zero until transfer of operations upon receipt of licensing approval. (5) Lease Amendments Noble Partial Lease Termination and New Landmark Leases. In June and August of 2022, one ALF in Florida and one ALF in Maryland were removed from a master lease with affiliates of Noble Senior Services (“Noble”) and the Company amended the applicable Noble master lease to reflect the removal of the two ALFs. Annual cash rent under the applicable Noble master lease decreased by approximately $1.1 million. In connection with the partial lease termination, the Company entered into a lease with Landmark Recovery of Maryland, LLC and Landmark Recovery of Florida, LLC ( collectively “Landmark”) to repurpose the facilities to behavioral health treatment centers. Rent under the leases will commence 12 - 18 months following commencement of the lease term or, if earlier, upon Landmark obtaining all licensure, permits, and other required regulatory authorizations with respect to operating the facility. The leases will expire on the 20th anniversary of the rent commencement date and both contain one 10-year renewal option and CPI-based rent escalators. Pennant Partial Lease Termination and Amended Ensign Master Leases. On April 1, 2022, operations at two ALFs in California and Washington operated by affiliates of The Pennant Group, Inc. (“Pennant”) were transferred to affiliates of The Ensign Group, Inc. (“Ensign”). In connection with the transfers, the Company amended the Pennant master lease to reflect the removal of the two ALFs and amended two existing Ensign Master Leases to include the two ALFs. The applicable Ensign Master Leases, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately five years and 16 years, respectively, both with three five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under each of the two applicable Ensign Master Leases, as amended, increased by approximately $0.4 million and annual cash rent under the Pennant master lease, as amended, decreased by $0.8 million. F-14 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS On March 1, 2022, operations at one ALF in Arizona operated by affiliates of Pennant were transferred to affiliates of Ensign. In connection with the transfer, the Company amended the Pennant master lease to reflect the removal of the ALF and amended an existing Ensign Master Lease to include the one ALF. The applicable Ensign Master Lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 11 years, with two five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under the applicable Ensign Master Lease, as amended, increased by approximately $0.3 million and annual cash rent under the Pennant master lease, as amended, decreased by the same amount. Amended Eduro Master Lease. On February 1, 2022, the Company acquired one SNF. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company amended its existing triple-net master lease with affiliates of Eduro Healthcare, LLC (“Eduro”) to include the one SNF and extended the initial lease term. The Eduro master lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 12 years, with two five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under the Eduro master lease, as amended, increased by approximately $0.8 million. Amended WLC Master Lease. On March 1, 2022, the Company acquired one multi-service campus. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company amended its existing triple-net master lease with affiliates of WLC Management Firm, LLC (“WLC”) to include the one multi-service campus. The WLC master lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 12 years, with two five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under the WLC master lease, as amended, increased by approximately $1.2 million. Amended Noble Master Leases and New Noble NJ Master Lease. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company did not collect a portion of rent from affiliates of Noble Senior Services and Noble VA Holdings, LLC (collectively, “Noble”). On September 23, 2021, the Company amended its two existing triple-net master leases with Noble. The lease amendment granted a deferral for a total of $1.8 million of unpaid base rent, which represented approximately 4% of the Company’s total contractual base rent for the three months ended September 30, 2021. In connection with its agreement to the rent deferral, the Company also entered into a purchase agreement with Noble to acquire two assisted living facilities owned by Noble. The lease amendment required the deferred rent, as well as all contractual rent for the fourth quarter of 2021, to be paid in full upon the closing of the purchase of the two facilities. The Company closed on the acquisition of the two facilities in December 2021 and the deferred rent, as well as all contractual rent for the fourth quarter of 2021, was paid in full. The two facilities are currently leased back to Noble under a short-term lease agreement while the Company pursues other tenants for the long-term. Amended Ensign Master Lease. On August 1, 2021, the Company acquired two skilled nursing facilities. The facilities were leased to affiliates of Ensign. In conjunction with the acquisition of the two facilities, the Company amended and extended the initial term of an existing Ensign Master Lease to include the two skilled nursing facilities. The Ensign Master Lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 17 years, with three five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under the amended lease increased by approximately $2.2 million, with GAAP rent increasing by $2.5 million due to a $5.0 million prepayment of rent made at closing, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term. Five Oaks Lease Termination and Amended Ensign Master Lease. On June 1, 2021, operating affiliates of Ensign acquired certain operations and assets of Five Oaks Healthcare, LLC (“Five Oaks”) under an agreement with Five Oaks. The agreement granted Ensign the right to occupy and operate four of the Company’s skilled nursing facilities in Washington that were previously being operated by Five Oaks. In conjunction with consenting to the transfer, the Company terminated the existing Five Oaks master lease, and amended and extended the term of an existing triple-net master lease with Ensign to include the four skilled nursing facilities. The Ensign lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 15 years, with three five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Annual cash rent under the terminated Five Oaks master lease was approximately $2.6 million, and annual cash rent under the amended Ensign lease increased by the same amount. F-15 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Premier Partial Lease Termination and Amended Noble VA Master Lease. On March 10, 2021 and July 1, 2021, two assisted living facilities in Wisconsin operated by affiliates of Premier Senior Living, LLC (“Premier”) were transferred to affiliates of Noble VA Holdings, LLC (“Noble VA”). In connection with the transfer, the Company partially terminated the Premier master lease and amended the existing triple-net master lease with Noble VA to include the two assisted living facilities. The Noble VA master lease, as amended, had a remaining term at the date of amendment of approximately 13 years, with two five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Initial annual cash rent under the amended Noble VA master lease increased by approximately $1.3 million on March 10, 2021 and approximately $1.0 million on July 1, 2021 and annual cash rent under the partially terminated Premier master lease decreased by approximately the same amount. See above under “Amended Noble Master Leases and New Noble NJ Master Lease” for additional information regarding the Company’s leases with Noble. Twenty/20 Lease Termination and New Noble VA Master Lease. On December 1, 2020, five assisted living facilities in Virginia operated by Twenty/20 Management, Inc. (“Twenty/20”) were transferred to affiliates of Noble VA. In connection with the transfer, the Company entered into a new triple-net master lease with Noble VA. The lease had an initial term of approximately 14 years as of December 1, 2020, with two five-year renewal options and CPI-based rent escalators. Initial annual cash rent under the new lease is approximately $3.2 million. See above under “Amended Noble Master Leases and New Noble NJ Master Lease” for additional information regarding the Company’s leases with Noble. 4. IMPAIRMENT OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS, ASSETS HELD FOR SALE, NET AND ASSET SALES In connection with the Company’s ongoing review and monitoring of its investment portfolio and the performance of its tenants, during the first quarter of 2022, the Company determined to pursue the sale of 27 properties and the repurposing of three properties representing an aggregate of approximately 10% of contractual cash rent as of March 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2022, the Company determined that these 27 properties met the criteria to be classified as assets held for sale. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $79.1 million, of which $45.0 million related to 12 facilities that have been sold, $18.0 million related to 10 facilities that were classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2022 and reclassified to held for use in the third and fourth quarters of 2022, $14.4 million related to five facilities that were held for sale as of December 31, 2022, and $1.7 million related to one facility that was held for use during the year. For properties classified as held for sale, the impairment charges were recognized to write down the properties to the lower of their carrying value or their aggregate fair value, less estimated costs to sell. For properties classified as held for use, the impairment charges were recognized to write down the properties to their fair value. Following the asset sales and held for sale reclassifications discussed below, five properties continued to meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the real estate comprising the remaining five properties classified as held for sale had an aggregate carrying value of $12.3 million. The fair value of the assets held for sale was based on estimated sales prices, which are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Estimated sales prices were determined using a market approach (comparable sales model), which relies on certain assumptions by management, including: (i) comparable market transactions, (ii) estimated prices per unit, and (iii) binding agreements for sales and non-binding offers to purchase from unrelated third-parties. There are inherent uncertainties in making these assumptions. For the Company’s impairment calculations, the Company’s fair value estimates primarily relied on a market approach and utilized prices per unit ranging from $20,000 to $85,000, with a weighted average price per unit of $55,000. Asset Sales and Held for Sale Reclassifications During the first quarter of 2022, the Company determined that one ALF that was classified as held for sale at December 31, 2021 no longer met the held for sale criteria. The Company reclassified this ALF’s carrying value of $4.8 million out of assets held for sale and recorded catch-up depreciation of approximately $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company closed on the sale of one SNF, operated by affiliates of Cascadia Healthcare, LLC (“Cascadia”), consisting of 83 beds located in Washington with a carrying value of $0.8 million, for net sales proceeds of $1.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a gain of $0.2 million in connection with the sale. There was no rent reduction under the Cascadia master lease in connection with the sale. F-16 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS During the third quarter of 2022, the Company determined that one ALF, with a carrying value of $4.9 million, that was classified as held for sale at June 30, 2022 no longer met the held for sale criteria. The Company reclassified this ALF out of assets held for sale at its fair value at the date of the decision not to sell of approximately $4.9 million, or a weighted average price per unit of $125,000. During the third quarter of 2022, the Company closed on the sale of six SNFs and one multi-service campus, operated by affiliates of Trio Healthcare Holdings, LLC (“Trio”), consisting of 708 beds located in Ohio for net proceeds of $32.8 million. In connection with the sale, the Company provided affiliates of the purchaser of the properties with a $7.0 million term loan that bears interest at 8.5% and has a maturity date of September 30, 2025. The Company also provided a $5.0 million bridge loan to four individuals that bore interest at 8.5% and was subsequently repaid during the fourth quarter of 2022. Prior to their sale, the seven properties were classified as held for sale, with a carrying value of $46.9 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a loss of $2.1 million in connection with the sale. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company closed on the sale of five ALFs, operated by affiliates of Noble VA Holdings, LLC (“Noble”), consisting of 301 beds located in Virginia for net proceeds of $11.0 million. Prior to their sale, the five properties had been classified as held for sale at September 30, 2022, with a carrying value of $12.7 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a loss of $1.7 million in connection with the sale. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company determined that nine ALFs, with a carrying value of $50.8 million, that were classified as held for sale at September 30, 2022, no longer met the held for sale criteria. The Company reclassified the nine ALFs out of assets held for sale at their fair value at the date of the decision not to sell of approximately $47.8 million. The fair value of assets reclassified as real estate investments held for use was based on an income approach using current market conditions and considers matters such as the forecasted operating cash flows, lease coverage ratios, capitalization rates, and, where applicable, terms of recent lease agreements or the results of negotiations with prospective tenants, which are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. There are inherent uncertainties in making these assumptions. For the Company’s impairment calculations, the Company’s fair value estimates primarily relied on an income approach. When utilizing an income approach, assumptions include, but are not limited to, terminal capitalization rates ranging from 7.5% to 8.75% and discount rates ranging from 8.5% to 9.75%. Impairment of Assets Held For Use During the second quarter of 2022, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $1.7 million related to one SNF. The Company wrote down its carrying value of $2.8 million to its estimated fair value of $1.1 million, which is included in real estate investments, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the asset was based on comparable market transactions. For the Company’s impairment calculation, the Company’s fair value estimates primarily relied on a market approach and utilized prices per unit of $20,000. F-17 Investment Senior mortgage secured loan receivable Mortgage secured loan receivable Mortgage secured loan receivable Mezzanine loan receivable Mezzanine loan receivable Total 5 SNF 4 SNF 9 SNF Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 5. OTHER REAL ESTATE RELATED AND OTHER INVESTMENTS As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s other real estate related investments, at fair value, consisted of the following (dollar amounts in thousands): As of December 31, 2022 Facility Count and Type Principal Balance as of December 31, 2022 Book Value as of December 31, 2022 Book Value as of December 31, 2021 Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 18 SNF/Campus $ 75,000 $ 72,543 $ 22,250 21,345 24,900 23,796 Maturity Date 6/30/2027 8/1/2025 8.4 % 10.2 % (1) (2) (2) 9.0 % 9/8/2025 — — — 15,000 14,672 15,155 12.0 % 11/30/2025 18 SNF/Campus 25,000 24,012 — 11.0 % 6/30/2032 $ 162,150 $ 156,368 $ 15,155 (1) (2) Rate is net of subservicing fee. Term secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) used as of December 31, 2022 was 4.33%. Rates are net of subservicing fees. The following table summarizes the Company’s other real estate related investments activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands): Origination of other real estate related investments Accrued interest, net Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments Net increase in other real estate related investments, at fair value For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 147,150 $ 1,165 (7,102) 141,213 $ — 155 — 155 In September 2022, the Company extended a $24.9 million term loan as part of a larger, multi-tranche real estate secured term loan facility to a skilled nursing real estate owner. The secured term loan was structured with an “A” and a “B” tranche (with the payments on the “B” tranche being subordinate to the “A” tranche pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the lenders). The Company’s $24.9 million secured term loan constituted the entirety of the “B” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The secured term loan is primarily secured by four skilled nursing facilities operated by an operator in the Southeast. The “B” tranche secured term loan is set to mature on September 8, 2025, with two one-year extension options and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The “B” tranche secured term loan provides for an earnout advance of $4.7 million if certain conditions are met. The "B" tranche secured term loan bears interest at a rate based on term SOFR, calculated as a fraction, with the numerator being the difference between (i) the monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 4.50% spread and (ii) the amount of such monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 2.85% spread, and with the denominator being the average daily balance of the outstanding principal amount during the applicable month, with such fraction expressed as a percentage and annualized, with a term SOFR floor of 1.0% and less a subservicing fee of 100% over 9.00%. The “B” tranche secured term loan requires monthly interest payments. The Company elected the fair value option for the “B” tranche secured term loan. F-18 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS In August 2022, the Company extended a $22.3 million term loan as part of a larger, multi-tranche real estate secured term loan facility to a skilled nursing real estate owner. The secured term loan was structured with an “A” and a “B” tranche (with the payments on the “B” tranche being subordinate to the “A” tranche pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the lenders). The Company’s $22.3 million secured term loan constituted the entirety of the “B” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The secured term loan is primarily secured by five skilled nursing facilities, four of which are operated by an existing operator and one of which is operated by a large, regional skilled nursing operator. The “B” tranche secured term loan is set to mature on August 1, 2025, with two one-year extension options and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 2% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The "B" tranche secured term loan bears interest at a rate based on term secured overnight financing rate, calculated as a fraction, with the numerator being the difference between (i) the monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 4.25% spread and (ii) the amount of such monthly payment of interest of term SOFR plus a 2.75% spread, and with the denominator being the average daily balance of the outstanding principal amount during the applicable month, with such fraction expressed as a percentage and annualized, with a term SOFR floor of 1.0% and less a subservicing fee of 50% over 8.25%. The “B” tranche secured term loan requires monthly interest payments. The Company elected the fair value option for the “B” tranche secured term loan. In June 2022, the Company extended a $75.0 million term loan to a skilled nursing real estate owner as part of a larger, multi-tranche, senior secured term loan facility. The senior secured term loan was structured with an “A” tranche, a “B” tranche, and a “C” tranche (with the “C” tranche being the most subordinate). The Company’s $75.0 million term loan constituted the entirety of the “C” tranche with its payments subordinated accordingly. The senior secured term loan facility is secured by an 18-facility skilled nursing portfolio in the Mid-Atlantic region, operated by a large, regional skilled nursing operator. In connection with the senior secured term loan facility and the borrower’s acquisition of the skilled nursing portfolio, the Company also extended to the borrower group a $25.0 million mezzanine loan. The “C” tranche of the senior secured term loan bears interest at 8.5%, less a servicing fee equal to the positive difference, if any, between the lesser of the contractual interest payment and actual payment of interest made by the borrower and a hypothetical interest payment at a rate of 8.25%, resulting in an effective interest rate of 8.375%. The “C” tranche senior secured term loan is set to mature on June 30, 2027 and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments through the end of the month of prepayment; provided, however, that no exit fee is payable in connection with portions of the loan being refinanced pursuant to a loan (or loans) provided by or insured by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, or a similar governmental authority. The mezzanine loan bears interest at 11% and is secured by a pledge of membership interests in an up-tier affiliate of the borrower group. The mezzanine loan is set to mature on June 30, 2032, and may (subject to certain restrictions) be prepaid in whole or in part before the maturity date, commencing on June 30, 2029, for an exit fee ranging from 1% to 3% of the loan plus unpaid interest payments through the date of prepayment. The “C” tranche senior secured term loan and mezzanine loan both require monthly interest payments. The Company elected the fair value option for both the “C” tranche term loan and the mezzanine loan. The fair value option is elected on an instrument by instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. The Company’s primary purpose in electing the fair value option for these instruments was to align with management’s view of the underlying economics of the loans and the manner in which they are managed. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s other loans receivable, included in prepaid expenses and other assets, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): Investment Principal Balance as of December 31, 2022 Book Value as of December 31, 2022 Book Value as of December 31, 2021 Other loans receivable Expected credit loss Total $ $ 9,596 $ — 9,596 $ 9,600 $ (2,094) 7,506 $ 3,161 — 3,161 As of December 31, 2022 Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate 8.5 % Maturity Date 9/1/2023 - 9/30/2025 F-19 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The following table summarizes the Company’s other loans receivable activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands): Origination of loans receivable Principal payments Accrued interest, net Provision for loan losses, net Net increase in other loans receivable For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 14,500 $ (6,307) (4) (3,844) 4,345 $ 1,253 (393) (6) — 854 Expected credit losses and recoveries are recorded in provision for loan losses, net in the consolidated statements of operations. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a $4.6 million expected credit loss related to two other loans receivable that were placed on non-accrual status, net of a loan loss recovery of $0.8 million related to a loan previously written-off. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company fully reserved and wrote-off $2.5 million, related to one other loan receivable, in connection with the sale of six SNFs and one multi-service campus. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no expected credit loss and did not consider any loan receivable investments to be impaired. The following table summarizes the interest and other income recognized from the Company’s loans receivable and other investments during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollar amounts in thousands): Investment Mortgage secured loans receivable Mezzanine loans receivable Preferred equity investments(1) Other Total For Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 4,853 $ — $ 2,044 3,489 — 284 1,825 — 331 305 24 270 8,626 $ 2,156 $ 2,643 $ $ (1) As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no preferred equity investments. 6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS The Company determines fair value based on quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as discounting the expected cash flows using market interest rates commensurate with the credit quality and duration of the investment. GAAP guidance defines three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability or can be corroborated with observable market data for substantially the entire contractual term of the asset or liability. Level 3 – Unobservable inputs reflect the entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in the pricing of the asset or liability and are consequently not based on market activity, but rather through particular valuation techniques. The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the hierarchy requires significant judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter and, depending on various factors, it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from quarter to quarter. Changes in the type of inputs may result in a reclassification for certain assets. The Company does not expect that changes in classifications between levels will be frequent. F-20 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those instruments fall (dollars in thousands): Assets: Mortgage secured loans receivable Mezzanine loans receivable Total Assets: Mezzanine loan receivable Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ $ — $ — — $ — $ 117,684 $ — — $ 156,368 $ 38,684 117,684 38,684 156,368 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ — $ — $ 15,155 $ 15,155 The following table details the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs (dollars in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2021 Loan originations Accrued interest, net Unrealized loss on other real estate related investments Balance as of December 31, 2022 Investments in Real Estate Secured Loans Investments in Mezzanine Loans $ $ — $ 122,150 928 (5,394) 117,684 $ 15,155 25,000 237 (1,708) 38,684 Real estate secured and mezzanine loans receivable: The fair value of the secured and mezzanine loans receivables were estimated using an internal valuation model that considered the expected future cash flows of the investment, the underlying collateral value, market interest rates and other credit enhancements. As such, the Company classifies each instrument as Level 3 due to the significant unobservable inputs used in determining market interest rates for investments with similar terms. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an unrealized loss of $7.1 million on the Company’s secured and mezzanine loans receivable due to rising interest rates. Future changes in market interest rates or collateral value could materially impact the estimated discounted cash flows that are used to determine the fair value of the secured and mezzanine loans receivable. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any loans that were 90 days or more past due. The following table shows the quantitative information about unobservable inputs related to the Level 3 fair value measurements comprising the investments in secured and mezzanine loans receivables as of December 31, 2022: Book Value as of December 31, 2022 Valuation Technique Unobservable Inputs Range Type Mortgage secured loans receivable Mezzanine loans receivable 38,684 Discounted cash flow Discount Rate $ 117,684 Discounted cash flow Discount Rate 9% - 13% 12% - 14% For the year ended December 31, 2022, there were no classification changes in assets and liabilities with Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis Real Estate Investments: The Company performs quarterly impairment review procedures, primarily through continuous monitoring of events and changes in circumstances that could indicate the carrying value of its real estate assets may not be recoverable. The Company estimates fair values using Level 3 inputs and uses a combined income and market approach. Specifically, the fair value of the real estate investment is based on current market conditions and considers matters such as the forecasted operating cash flows, lease coverage ratios, capitalization rates, comparable sales data, and, where applicable, contracts or the results of negotiations with purchasers or prospective purchasers. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the F-21 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Company recorded an impairment charge of $79.1 million. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no real estate assets deemed to be impaired. See Note 4, Impairments of Real Estate Investments, Assets Held for Sale, Net and Asset Sales, for additional information. Items Disclosed at Fair Value Considerable judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value disclosure of financial instruments. The estimates of fair value presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized upon disposition of the financial instruments. A summary of the face values, carrying amount and fair value of the Notes (as defined in Note 7, Debt, below) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 using Level 2 inputs (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Face Value Fair Value December 31, 2021 Carrying Amount Fair Value Face Value Financial liabilities: Senior unsecured notes payable $ 400,000 $ 395,150 $ 345,036 $ 400,000 $ 394,262 $ 410,500 Cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other receivables, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities: The carrying values for these instruments approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Senior unsecured notes payable: The fair value of the Notes was determined using third-party quotes derived from orderly trades. Unsecured revolving credit facility and senior unsecured term loan: The fair values approximate their carrying values as the interest rates are variable and approximate prevailing market interest rates for similar debt arrangements. 7. DEBT The following table summarizes the balance of the Company’s indebtedness as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands): December 31, 2022 Deferred Loan Fees Principal Amount Carrying Amount December 31, 2021 Deferred Loan Fees Principal Amount Carrying Amount Senior unsecured notes payable Senior unsecured term loan Unsecured revolving credit facility $ $ 400,000 $ 200,000 125,000 725,000 $ (4,850) $ (652) — (5,502) $ 395,150 199,348 125,000 719,498 $ $ 400,000 $ 200,000 80,000 680,000 $ (5,738) $ (864) — (6,602) $ 394,262 199,136 80,000 673,398 Senior Unsecured Notes Payable 2028 Senior Notes. On June 17, 2021, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, CTR Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”), and its wholly owned subsidiary, CareTrust Capital Corp. (together with the Operating Partnership, the “Issuers”) completed a private offering of $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.875% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “Notes”) to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A and to non-U.S. persons outside the United States in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Notes were issued at par, resulting in gross proceeds of $400.0 million and net proceeds of approximately $393.8 million after deducting underwriting fees and other offering expenses. The Notes mature on June 30, 2028. The Notes accrue interest at a rate of 3.875% per annum payable semiannually in arrears on June 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on December 30, 2021. The Issuers may redeem some or all of the Notes at any time prior to March 30, 2028 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date, plus a “make-whole” premium. At any time on or after March 30, 2028, the Issuers may redeem some or all of the Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued interest on the Notes, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date. In addition, at any time on or prior to June 30, 2024, up to 40% of the F-22 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS aggregate principal amount of the Notes may be redeemed with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 103.875% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date. If certain changes of control of the Company occur, the Issuers will be required to make an offer to holders of the Notes to repurchase their Notes at a price of 101% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the repurchase date. The obligations under the Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, by the Company and all of CareTrust’s existing and future subsidiaries (other than the Issuers) that guarantee obligations under the Amended Credit Facility (as defined below); provided, however, that such guarantees are subject to automatic release under certain customary circumstances. The indenture governing the Notes contains customary covenants such as limiting the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to: incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; incur or guarantee secured indebtedness; pay dividends or distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, capital stock; make certain investments or other restricted payments; sell assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; merge or consolidate or sell all or substantially all of their assets; and create restrictions on the ability of the Issuers and their restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or other amounts to the Issuers. The indenture governing the Notes also requires the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to maintain a specified ratio of unencumbered assets to unsecured indebtedness. These covenants are subject to a number of important and significant limitations, qualifications and exceptions. The indenture governing the Notes also contains customary events of default. As of December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the indenture governing the Notes. 2025 Senior Notes. On May 10, 2017, the Issuers completed an underwritten public offering of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”). The 2025 Notes were issued at par, resulting in gross proceeds of $300.0 million and net proceeds of approximately $294.0 million after deducting underwriting fees and other offering expenses. The 2025 Notes were scheduled to mature on June 1, 2025 and bore interest at a rate of 5.25% per year. Interest on the 2025 Notes was payable on June 1 and December 1 of each year. On July 1, 2021 (the “Redemption Date”), the Issuers redeemed all $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes at a redemption price equal to 102.625% of the principal amount of the 2025 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to, but not including, the Redemption Date. During the year ended December 31 2021, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10.8 million in the consolidated statements of operations, including a prepayment penalty of $7.9 million and a $2.9 million write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the redemption of the 2025 Notes. Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan On December 16, 2022, the Operating Partnership, as the borrower, the Company, as guarantor, CareTrust GP, LLC, and certain of the Operating Partnership’s wholly owned subsidiaries, entered into a second amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement with KeyBank National Association, as administrative agent, an issuing bank and swingline lender (the “Second Amended Credit Agreement”). The Second Amended Credit Agreement, which amends and restates the Company’s amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement, dated as of February 8, 2019 (as amended, the “Prior Credit Agreement”) provides for: (i) an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) with revolving commitments in an aggregate principal amount of $600.0 million, including a letter of credit subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and a swingline loan subfacility for 10% of the then available revolving commitments and (ii) the continuation of the unsecured term loan credit facility which was previously extended under the Prior Credit Agreement (the “Term Loan” and together with the Revolving Facility, the “Second Amended Credit Facility”) in an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million. Future borrowings under the Second Amended Credit Facility will be used for working capital purposes, for capital expenditures, to fund acquisitions and for general corporate purposes. The interest rates applicable to loans under the Revolving Facility are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.10% to 0.55% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR (each as defined in the Second Amended Credit Agreement) plus a margin ranging from 1.10% to 1.55% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if the Company obtains certain specified investment grade ratings on its senior long-term unsecured debt). The interest rates applicable to loans under the Term Loan are, at the Operating Partnership’s option, equal to either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.20% per annum or Adjusted Term SOFR or Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.20% per annum based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and its consolidated F-23 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS subsidiaries (subject to decrease at the Operating Partnership’s election if the Company obtains certain specified investment grade ratings on its senior long-term unsecured debt). In addition, the Operating Partnership will pay a facility fee on the revolving commitments under the Revolving Facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.35% per annum, based on the debt to asset value ratio of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries (unless the Company obtains certain specified investment grade ratings on its senior long-term unsecured debt and the Operating Partnership elects to decrease the applicable margin as described above, in which case the Operating Partnership will pay a facility fee on the revolving commitments ranging from 0.125% to 0.30% per annum based on the credit ratings of the Company’s senior long-term unsecured debt). As of December 31, 2022, the Operating Partnership had $200.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the Term Loan and $125.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility. The Revolving Facility has a maturity date of February 9, 2027, and includes, at the sole discretion of the Operating Partnership, two, six-month extension options. The Term Loan has a maturity date of February 8, 2026. The Second Amended Credit Facility is guaranteed, jointly and severally, by the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries that are party to the Second Amended Credit Agreement (other than the Operating Partnership). The Second Amended Credit Agreement contains customary covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to grant liens on their assets, incur indebtedness, sell assets, make investments, engage in acquisitions, mergers or consolidations, amend organizational documents and pay certain dividends and other restricted payments. The Second Amended Credit Agreement requires the Company to comply with financial maintenance covenants to be tested quarterly, consisting of a maximum debt to asset value ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a minimum tangible net worth, a maximum cash distributions to operating income ratio, a maximum secured debt to asset value ratio, a maximum secured recourse debt to asset value ratio, a maximum unsecured debt to unencumbered properties asset value ratio, a minimum unsecured interest coverage ratio and a minimum rent coverage ratio. The Second Amended Credit Agreement also contains certain customary events of default, including the failure to make timely payments under the Second Amended Credit Facility or other material indebtedness, the failure to satisfy certain covenants (including the financial maintenance covenants), the occurrence of change of control and specified events of bankruptcy and insolvency. As of December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the Second Amended Credit Agreement. Schedule of Debt Maturities As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s debt maturities were (dollars in thousands): Year 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Thereafter 8. EQUITY Common Stock Amount — — — 200,000 125,000 400,000 725,000 $ $ At-The-Market Offering—On March 10, 2020, the Company entered into a new equity distribution agreement to issue and sell, from time to time, up to $500.0 million in aggregate offering price of its common stock through an “at-the- market” equity offering program (the “ATM Program”), which expires in March 2023. F-24 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS There was no ATM Program activity (or activity under any predecessor at-the-market equity offering programs) for the year ended December 31, 2020. The following table summarizes ATM Program activity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except per share amounts): Number of shares For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2,405 990 Average sales price per share Gross proceeds(1) (1) Total gross proceeds is before $0.6 million and $0.3 million of commissions paid to the sales agents during the year ended December 48,100 $ 20.00 $ 23,505 23.74 $ $ 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, under the ATM Program. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $428.4 million available for future issuances under the ATM Program. Share Repurchase Program — On March 20, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program up to $150.0 million of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Repurchase Program”). Repurchases under the Repurchase Program, which expires on March 31, 2023, may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, structured or derivative transactions, including accelerated share repurchase transactions, or other methods of acquiring shares, in each case subject to market conditions and at such times as shall be permitted by applicable securities laws and determined by management. Repurchases under the Repurchase Program may also be made pursuant to a plan adopted under Rule 10b5-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company expects to finance any share repurchases under the Repurchase Program using available cash and may also use short-term borrowings under the Revolving Facility. The Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock under the Repurchase Program during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Repurchase Program may be modified, discontinued or suspended at any time. Dividends on Common Stock — The following table summarizes the cash dividends per share of common stock declared by the Company’s Board of Directors for 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts): 2022 Dividends declared per share Dividends payment date Dividends payable as of record date[1] Dividends record date 2021 Dividends declared per share Dividends payment date Dividends payable as of record date[1] Dividends record date 2020 Dividends declared per share Dividends payment date Dividends payable as of record date[1] Dividends record date $ $ $ $ $ $ For the Three Months Ended March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, 0.275 $ 0.275 $ 0.275 $ 0.275 April 15, 2022 July 15, 2022 October 14, 2022 January 13, 2023 26,691 $ 26,683 $ 26,683 $ 27,386 March 31, 2022 June 30, 2022 September 30, 2022 December 30, 2022 0.265 $ 0.265 $ 0.265 $ 0.265 April 15, 2021 July 15, 2021 October 15, 2021 25,633 $ 25,714 $ 25,714 $ January 14, 2022 25,755 March 31, 2021 June 30, 2021 September 30, 2021 December 31, 2021 0.25 $ 0.25 $ April 15, 2020 July 15, 2020 23,931 $ 23,931 $ March 31, 2020 June 30, 2020 0.25 $ October 15, 2020 0.25 January 15, 2021 23,933 September 30, 2020 December 31, 2020 23,934 $ (1) Dividends payable includes dividends on performance stock awards that will be paid if and when the shares subject to such awards vest. F-25 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 9. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION All stock-based awards are subject to the terms of the CareTrust REIT, Inc. and CTR Partnership, L.P. Incentive Award Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the granting of stock-based compensation, including stock options, restricted stock, performance awards, restricted stock units, relative total stockholder return-based stock awards and other incentive awards to officers, employees and directors in connection with their employment with or services provided to the Company. Under the Plan, 5,000,000 shares have been authorized for awards. Under the Plan, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) vest in equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date over a three year period for the RSAs granted in 2022 and 2021 and a four year period for the RSAs granted in 2020. RSAs granted to non-employee members of the Board of Directors (“Board Awards”) vest in full on the earlier to occur of the Company’s next Annual Meeting of Stockholders or one year. Performance stock awards (“PSA”) granted are subject to both time and performance based conditions and vest over a one-to three year period for PSAs granted in 2021 and over a one-to-four year period for PSAs granted in 2020. The amount of such PSAs that will ultimately vest is dependent on the Company’s Normalized Funds from Operations (“NFFO”) per share, as defined by the Compensation Committee, meeting or exceeding a specified per share amount for the applicable vesting period. Relative total shareholder return units (“TSR Units”) granted in 2022 and 2021 are subject to both time and market based conditions and cliff vest after a three-year period. The amount of such market awards that will ultimately vest is dependent on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) performance relative to a custom TSR peer group consisting of other publicly traded healthcare REITs and will range from 0% to 200% of the TSR Units initially granted. The RSAs, PSAs, and Board Awards are valued on the date of grant based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock, while the TSR Units are valued on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model. The vesting of certain awards may accelerate, as defined in the grant agreement, upon retirement, a change in control or other events. The following table summarizes the status of the restricted stock award and performance award activity for the year ended December 31, 2022: Unvested balance at December 31, 2021 Granted: RSAs Board Awards Vested Forfeited Unvested balance at December 31, 2022 Shares Weighted Average Share Price 891,333 $ 159,663 25,992 (501,479) (1,900) 573,609 $ 20.91 19.56 16.93 20.60 21.50 20.63 As of December 31, 2022, the weighted-average remaining vesting period of such awards was 1.9 years. The following table summarizes the Company’s RSA, PSA and Board Award grants during the year ended December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts): During year ended December 31, 2022(1) RSAs PSAs Board Awards Grants Weighted Average Share Price Shares Vested Grant Date Fair Value Shares Vest Date Fair Value 159,663 $ 19.56 $ 3,123 263,568 $ — 25,992 — 16.93 — 440 217,645 20,266 5,020 4,134 346 (1) The Compensation Committee granted annual awards for 2023 in December 2022. F-26 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The following table summarizes the Company’s RSA, PSA and Board Award grants during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts): During year ended December 31, 2021(1) RSAs PSAs Board Awards During year ended December 31, 2020 RSAs PSAs Board Awards Grants Weighted Average Share Price Grant Date Fair Value Shares 394,863 $ 21.92 $ 108,414 20,266 22.48 24.18 134,790 $ 19.68 $ 107,790 27,611 19.06 16.48 8,654 2,437 490 2,653 2,054 455 (1) In 2021, the Compensation Committee changed the structure of the grants that resulted in two long-term equity incentive awards being granted to the Company’s named executive officers in 2021. The Compensation Committee also granted annual awards for 2022 in December 2021. The fair value of the TSR Units is estimated on the date of the grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the grant date for the expected performance period. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility for the most recent weighted average period ending on the grant date for the Company and the selected TSR peer group, and is calculated on a daily basis. The following table reflects the weighted-average key assumptions used in this valuation for awards granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: Risk-free interest rate Expected stock price volatility Expected service period Expected dividend yield (assuming full reinvestment) Fair value per share at date of grant For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 3.91 % 52.90 % 3.04 years — % $ 26.53 $ 0.60 % 52.42 % 2.93 years — % 29.10 The total fair value of the TSR Units granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2.5 million and $5.3 million, respectively. The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense recognized (dollars in thousands): Stock-based compensation expense $ 5,758 $ 10,832 $ 3,790 As of December 31, 2022, there was $11.6 million of unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to the unvested RSAs, PSAs, Board Awards, and TSR Units. 2022 For Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 F-27 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 10. (LOSS) EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share (“EPS”) for the Company’s common stock for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, and reconciles the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic EPS to the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts): Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2022 Numerator: Net (loss) income Less: Net income allocated to participating securities Numerator for basic and diluted earnings available to common stockholders $ Denominator: Weighted-average basic common shares outstanding Dilutive performance stock awards Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding $ (7,506) $ (440) (7,946) $ 71,982 $ (507) 71,475 $ 96,703 — 96,703 96,017 75 96,092 (Loss) earnings per common share, basic (Loss) earnings per common share, diluted Antidilutive unvested restricted stock awards, total shareholder units and performance awards excluded from the computation $ $ (0.08) $ (0.08) $ 0.74 $ 0.74 $ 744 591 80,867 (298) 80,569 95,200 7 95,207 0.85 0.85 296 11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Company and its subsidiaries are and may become from time to time a party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, which are not individually or in the aggregate anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Claims and lawsuits may include matters involving general or professional liability asserted against the Company’s tenants, which are the responsibility of the Company’s tenants and for which the Company is entitled to be indemnified by its tenants under the insurance and indemnification provisions in the applicable leases. Capital expenditures for each property leased under the Company’s triple-net leases are generally the responsibility of the tenant, except that, for the facilities leased to subsidiaries of Ensign, under the Ensign Master Leases, and Pennant, the tenant will have an option to require the Company to finance certain capital expenditures up to an aggregate of 20% of its initial investment in such property, subject to a corresponding rent increase at the time of funding. For the Company’s other triple-net master leases, the tenants also have the option to request capital expenditure funding that would generally be subject to a corresponding rent increase at the time of funding, which are subject to tenant compliance with the conditions to the Company’s approval and funding of their requests. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had committed to fund expansions, construction and capital improvements at certain triple-net leased facilities totaling $15.7 million, of which $2.7 million is subject to rent increase at the time of funding. 12. CONCENTRATION OF RISK Concentrations of credit risk arise when one or more tenants, operators, or obligors related to the Company’s investments are engaged in similar business activities or activities in the same geographic region, or have similar economic features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations, including those to the Company, to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. F-28 Table of Contents CARETRUST REIT, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Major operator concentration – The Company has operators from which it derived 10% or more of its rental revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s major operators as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020: Operator(2) December 31, 2022 Ensign PMG December 31, 2021 Ensign PMG December 31, 2020 Ensign PMG Number of Facilities Number of Beds/Units SNF Campus ALF/ILF SNF Campus ALF/ILF Percentage of Total Revenue(1) 83 13 83 13 77 13 8 2 8 2 8 2 7 — 4 — 4 — 8,741 1,742 8,756 1,742 997 402 997 402 8,129 1,742 1,027 403 661 — 395 — 390 — 35 % 16 % 32 % 15 % 32 % 16 % The Company’s rental income, exclusive of operating expense reimbursements. See Note 3, Real Estate Investments, Net, for further information regarding Ensign and PMG. Ensign is subject to the registration (1) (2) and reporting requirements of the SEC and is required to file with the SEC annual reports containing audited financial information and quarterly reports containing unaudited financial information. Ensign’s financial statements, as filed with the SEC, can be found at http:// www.sec.gov. The Company has not verified this information through an independent investigation or otherwise. Major geographic concentration – The following table provides information regarding the Company’s concentrations with respect to certain states, from which the Company derived 10% or more of its rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: State December 31, 2022 CA TX December 31, 2021 CA TX Number of Facilities Number of Beds/Units SNF Campus ALF/ILF SNF Campus ALF/ILF Percentage of Total Revenue(1) 27 38 27 37 8 3 8 3 5 3 5 3 3,048 4,849 1,359 536 3,048 4,694 1,359 536 437 242 449 242 26 % 22 % 25 % 20 % (1) The Company’s rental income, exclusive of operating expense reimbursements and adjustments for collectibility. 13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Company evaluates subsequent events in accordance with ASC 855, Subsequent Events. The Company evaluates subsequent events up until the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. Recent Asset Sale On January 13, 2023, the Company closed on the sale of one ALF consisting of 105 beds located in Florida with a carrying value of $3.3 million, which approximated the net sales proceeds received. The facility was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022. F-29 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Costs Capitalize d Since Acquisitio n Initial Cost to Company Gross Carrying Value Description Facility Location Enc um. Land Building Improvs. Improvs. Land Building Improvs. Total (1) Accum. Depr. Cons t./ Ren. Date Acq. Date Skilled Nursing Properties: Ensign Highland LLC Highland Manor Phoenix, AZ $ — $ 257 $ 976 $ 926 $ 257 $ 1,902 $ 2,159 $ (1,479) 2013 2000 Meadowbrook Health Associates LLC Sabino Canyon Terrace Holdings AZ LLC Desert Terrace Rillito Holdings LLC Catalina Valley Health Holdings LLC North Mountain Cedar Avenue Holdings LLC Granada Investments LLC Plaza Health Holdings LLC Upland Camarillo Park Manor Mountainview Communitycare LLC Park View Gardens CM Health Holdings LLC Carmel Mountain Polk Health Holdings LLC Timberwood Snohomish Health Holdings LLC Emerald Hills Cherry Health Holdings LLC Pacific Care Golfview Holdings LLC Tenth East Holdings LLC Trinity Mill Holdings LLC Cottonwood Health Holdings LLC Verde Villa Holdings LLC Mesquite Health Holdings LLC Cambridge SNF Arlington Hills Carrollton Holladay Lake Village Willow Bend Arrow Tree Health Holdings LLC Arbor Glen Fort Street Health Holdings LLC Draper Trousdale Health Holdings LLC Ensign Bellflower LLC Brookfield Rose Villa RB Heights Health Holdings LLC Osborn Tucson, AZ Phoenix, AZ Tucson, AZ Phoenix, AZ Upland, CA Camarillo, CA Walla Walla, WA Santa Rosa, CA San Diego, CA Livingston, TX Lynnwood, WA Hoquiam, WA Richmond, TX Salt Lake City, UT Carrollton, TX Salt Lake City, UT Lewisville, TX Mesquite, TX Glendora, CA Draper, UT Downey, CA Bellflower, CA Scottsdale, AZ San Corrine Health Holdings LLC Salado Creek San Antonio, TX Temple Health Holdings LLC Wellington Anson Health Holdings LLC Northern Oaks Willits Health Holdings LLC Lufkin Health Holdings LLC Lowell Health Holdings LLC Jefferson Ralston Holdings LLC Northbrook Southland Littleton Arvada Temple, TX Abilene, TX Willits, CA Lufkin, TX Littleton, CO Arvada, CO 3,716 504 2,041 5,154 3,919 2,827 5,566 2,612 3,119 4,391 1,663 1,828 3,110 2,426 2,294 2,070 1,890 1,715 1,105 2,394 1,841 1,168 2,793 2,090 2,207 3,220 1,231 4,644 856 1,230 1,940 971 3,055 1,519 1,994 1,522 1,055 653 2,071 1,167 1,998 2,038 1,067 2,507 902 958 470 8,632 324 759 1,861 357 1,762 719 1,163 1,725 500 782 1,735 834 425 113 471 629 2,812 3,526 450 931 3,028 60 741 171 1,105 332 664 965 600 441 2,165 443 1,415 937 2,007 310 529 369 490 467 217 280 425 113 471 629 2,812 3,526 450 931 3,028 60 741 171 1,105 332 664 965 600 470 2,165 443 1,415 937 2,007 310 529 369 490 467 217 280 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — F-30 5,656 1,475 5,096 6,673 5,913 4,349 6,621 3,265 5,190 5,558 3,661 3,866 4,177 4,933 3,196 3,028 2,360 6,081 1,588 5,567 7,302 8,725 7,875 7,071 4,196 8,218 5,618 4,402 4,037 5,282 5,265 3,860 3,993 2,960 (3,505) 2012 2000 (1,026) 2004 2002 (3,562) 2013 2003 (4,357) 2009 2004 (3,865) 2011 2005 (2,965) 2010 2005 (4,407) 2009 2006 (2,317) 1963 2006 (3,381) 2012 (3,522) 2009 2006 2006 (2,854) 2009 2006 (2,951) 2010 (2,554) 2007 2006 2006 (3,618) 2013 2006 (2,551) 2007 2006 (2,578) 2008 (1,645) 2011 10,376 10,817 (8,270) 2012 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 3,594 3,596 5,117 2,462 6,562 (1,149) 1965 (1,839) 2008 (2,393) 2013 (1,039) 2009 (2,885) 2009 3,119 (1,587) 2005 2008 3,899 (2,058) 2008 2008 5,314 2,221 5,893 2,808 2,344 (2,925) 2012 2008 (1,018) 2011 2008 (1,926) 1988 2009 (1,694) 2012 2009 (1,082) 2012 2009 1,429 3,153 3,702 1,525 4,555 2,809 3,370 4,945 1,731 5,426 2,591 2,064 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Lafayette Health Holdings LLC Hillendahl Health Holdings LLC Price Health Holdings LLC Silver Lake Health Holdings LLC Julia Temple Golden Acres Pinnacle Provo Jordan Health Properties LLC Copper Ridge Regal Road Health Holdings LLC Paredes Health Holdings LLC Expressway Health Holdings LLC Sunview Alta Vista Veranda Rio Grande Health Holdings LLC Grand Terrace Englewood, CO Dallas, TX Price, UT Provo, UT West Jordan, UT Youngstown, AZ Brownsville, TX Harlingen, TX McAllen, TX Fifth East Holdings LLC Paramount Salt Lake City, UT Emmett Healthcare Holdings LLC River's Edge Burley Healthcare Holdings LLC Parke View Emmet, ID Burley, ID Josey Ranch Healthcare Holdings LLC Heritage Gardens Carrollton, TX Everglades Health Holdings LLC Victoria Ventura Irving Health Holdings LLC Beatrice Manor Ventura, CA Beatrice, NE Falls City Health Holdings LLC Careage Estates of Falls City Falls City, NE Gillette Park Health Holdings LLC Careage of Cherokee Gazebo Park Health Holdings LLC Careage of Clarion Oleson Park Health Holdings LLC Careage of Ft. Dodge Arapahoe Health Holdings LLC Dixie Health Holdings LLC Memorial Health Holdings LLC Oceanview Hurricane Pocatello Bogardus Health Holdings LLC Whittier East South Dora Health Holdings LLC Ukiah Silverada Health Holdings LLC Rosewood Orem Health Holdings LLC Wisteria Health Holdings Orem Wisteria Renee Avenue Health Holdings LLC Monte Vista Stillhouse Health Holdings LLC Stillhouse Fig Street Health Holdings LLC Palomar Vista Lowell Lake Health Holdings LLC Owyhee Queensway Health Holdings LLC Atlantic Memorial Long Beach Health Associates LLC Shoreline Kings Court Health Holdings LLC Richland Hills 51st Avenue Health Holdings LLC Legacy Ives Health Holdings LLC San Marcos Cherokee, IA Clarion, IA Ft. Dodge, IA Texas City, TX Hurricane, UT Pocatello, ID Whittier, CA Ukiah, CA Reno, NV Orem, UT Abilene, TX Pocatello, ID Paris, TX Escondido, CA Owyhee, ID Long Beach, CA Long Beach, CA Ft. Worth, TX Amarillo, TX San Marcos, TX Guadalupe Health Holdings LLC The Courtyard (Victoria East) Victoria, TX 4,222 11,977 2,209 8,362 4,244 4,648 1,354 675 1,085 2,464 2,383 4,004 2,293 5,377 2,931 2,141 1,491 2,541 2,341 4,810 1,978 2,138 5,307 2,087 3,282 3,896 9,903 2,481 7,139 2,653 1,554 4,237 2,343 2,311 3,925 2,951 2,391 6,195 1,421 849 2,011 1,507 155 190 430 870 1,065 69 424 478 682 245 82 12 97 759 759 98 698 1,079 1,621 103 3,235 290 966 6 1,094 29 2,331 2,172 318 32 274 15 1,607 2,133 193 2,051 2,671 193 373 90 642 345 591 250 1,382 1,847 60 170 163 80 90 128 487 537 1,425 297 1,012 1,689 746 180 129 329 49 999 1,285 193 340 371 80 1,607 2,133 193 2,051 2,671 767 373 90 642 345 591 250 1,382 1,847 60 170 163 80 90 158 487 537 1,425 297 1,012 1,689 746 180 129 329 49 999 1,285 193 340 371 80 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — F-31 10,417 13,398 3,058 10,373 5,751 5,377 1,544 1,105 1,955 3,529 2,452 4,428 2,771 6,059 3,176 2,223 1,503 2,638 3,100 5,599 2,076 2,836 6,386 3,708 3,385 7,131 12,024 15,531 (6,030) 2012 2009 (6,543) 1984 3,251 (1,316) 2012 2009 2009 12,424 (3,766) 2011 2009 8,422 5,570 1,917 1,195 2,597 3,874 3,043 4,678 4,153 7,906 3,236 2,393 1,666 2,718 3,190 5,727 2,563 3,373 7,811 4,005 4,397 8,820 (2,186) 2013 2009 (2,423) 2012 2009 (548) 1969 2009 (548) 2011 2009 (1,139) 2012 2009 (1,600) 2011 2009 (948) 1972 2010 (1,855) 2011 2010 (1,117) 1996 2010 (1,916) 1990 2011 (1,277) 2011 2011 (822) 1972 2011 (697) 1967 2011 (1,264) 1978 2011 (1,862) 2012 2011 (2,459) 2012 2011 (639) 1978 2011 (1,292) 2007 2011 (2,674) 2011 2011 (2,261) 2013 2011 (981) 1970 2011 (3,509) 2011 2011 10,193 10,939 (2,641) 3,447 7,145 3,747 1,583 6,568 4,515 2,629 3,957 3,225 2,406 3,627 7,274 4,076 1,632 7,567 5,800 2,822 4,297 3,596 2,486 (1,516) 2013 2012 (1,331) 2009 2012 (1,820) 2007 2012 (387) 1990 2012 (3,106) 2008 2012 (2,258) 2013 2012 (789) 1965 2012 (1,124) 1970 2013 (882) 1972 2013 (532) 2013 2013 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) 49th Street Health Holdings LLC Omaha Willows Health Holdings LLC Cascade Vista Tulalip Bay Health Holdings LLC Mountain View Sky Holdings AZ LLC Bella Vita Health and Rehabilitation Center Omaha, NE Redmond, WA Marysville, WA Glendale, AZ Lemon River Holdings LLC Plymouth Tower Riverside, CA — — — — — — — 129 1,388 1,722 228 152 1,668 1,601 2,418 2,982 2,642 1,124 357 15,375 7,425 — 1,462 5,034 251 7,855 24 202 (980) 1,380 1,493 56 — — — 129 1,388 742 228 152 1,668 1,601 2,442 3,184 2,642 2,504 1,850 15,431 7,425 2,571 4,572 3,384 2,731 2,002 (793) 1960 2013 (1,134) 1970 (837) 1966 2013 2013 (1,927) 2004 2002 (1,403) 2012 2009 17,099 (3,058) 1989 2015 9,026 (1,439) 1989 2015 1,462 5,034 6,496 (954) 1987 2015 251 7,855 8,106 (1,473) 2010 2015 833 18,086 792 833 18,878 19,711 (3,408) 1992 2015 CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. Bethany Rehabilitation Center Lakewood, CO Mira Vista Care Center Mount Vernon, WA Shoreline Health and Rehabilitation Center Shamrock Nursing and Rehabilitation Center Shoreline, WA Dublin, GA Premier Estates of Cincinnati- Riverview Cincinnati, OH West Cove Care & Rehabilitation Center Toledo, OH Casa de Paz Denison Care Center Sioux City, IA Denison, IA Garden View Care Center Shenandoah, IA Grandview Health Care Center Dayton, IA Grundy Care Center Grundy Center, IA Iowa City Rehab and Health Care Center Iowa City, IA Lenox Care Center Osage Pleasant Acres Care Center Lenox, IA Osage, IA Hull, IA Cedar Falls Health Care Center Cedar Falls, IA Premier Estates of Highlands Norwood, OH Shaw Mountain at Cascadia Boise, ID The Oaks Arbor Nursing Center Petaluma, CA Lodi, CA Broadmoor Medical Lodge Rockwall, TX Decatur Medical Lodge Decatur, TX Royse City Medical Lodge Royse City, TX Saline Care Nursing & Rehabilitation Center Carrier Mills Nursing & Rehabilitation Center StoneBridge Nursing & Rehabilitation Center Carrier Mills, IL Benton, IL DuQuoin Nursing & Rehabilitation Center DuQuoin, IL — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 93 119 96 105 39 65 522 31 126 189 324 364 1,801 3,646 768 1,232 990 606 10,365 7,727 2,784 3,179 1,167 1,935 5,690 1,915 2,255 2,544 4,366 2,199 6,572 2,873 10,712 22,152 24,909 14,660 Harrisburg, IL — 1,022 5,713 — — — 775 8,377 439 3,475 511 3,662 F-32 88 — — — — — — — — — — 623 395 110 — — — — — — — — 93 119 96 105 39 65 522 31 126 189 324 143 1,801 3,646 768 1,232 990 606 10,453 10,546 (1,879) 2007 2015 7,727 2,784 3,179 1,167 1,935 5,690 1,915 2,255 2,544 4,366 943 6,967 2,983 10,712 22,152 24,909 14,660 7,846 2,880 3,284 1,206 2,000 6,212 1,946 2,381 2,733 4,690 1,086 8,768 6,629 11,480 23,384 25,899 15,266 (1,336) 1974 2016 (481) 2015 2016 (550) 2013 2016 (202) 2014 2016 (335) 2011 2016 (984) 2014 2016 (331) 2012 2016 (390) 2014 2016 (440) 2014 2016 (737) 2015 2016 (22) 2012 2016 (1,316) 1989 2016 (519) 2015 (1,718) 1982 2016 2016 (3,370) 1984 2016 (3,788) 2013 (2,230) 2009 2016 2016 1,022 5,713 6,735 (833) 2009 2017 775 8,377 9,152 (1,222) 1968 2017 439 3,475 3,914 (507) 2014 2017 511 3,662 4,173 (534) 2014 2017 CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Pinckneyville, IL — 406 3,411 406 3,411 3,817 (497) 2014 2017 Pinckneyville Nursing & Rehabilitation Center Wellspring Health and Rehabilitation of Cascadia Nampa, ID The Rio at Fox Hollow Brownsville, TX The Rio at Cabezon Albuquerque, NM Eldorado Rehab & Healthcare Eldorado, IL Secora Health and Rehabilitation of Cascadia Mountain Valley Caldwell Care Canyon West Portland, OR Kellogg, ID Caldwell, ID Caldwell, ID Lewiston Health and Rehabilitation Lewiston, ID The Orchards Weiser Care Aspen Park Nampa, ID Weiser, ID Moscow, ID Ridgmar Medical Lodge Fort Worth, TX Mansfield Medical Lodge Grapevine Medical Lodge The Oaks at Lakewood Mansfield, TX Grapevine, TX Tacoma, WA The Oaks at Timberline Vancouver, WA Providence Waterman Nursing Center San Bernardino, CA Providence Orange Tree Providence Ontario Greenville Nursing & Rehabilitation Center Copper Ridge Health and Rehabilitation Center Riverside, CA Ontario, CA Greenville, IL Butte, MT Prairie Heights Healthcare Center Aberdeen, SD The Meadows on University The Suites - Parker Fargo, ND Parker, CO Huntington Park Nursing Center Huntington Park, CA Shoreline Care Center Downey Care Center Oxnard, CA Downey, CA Courtyard Healthcare Center Davis, CA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 775 1,178 2,055 940 1,481 916 906 312 625 785 80 698 681 607 1,602 1,001 446 3,831 2,897 4,204 5,044 12,059 9,749 2,093 2,216 7,874 7,020 10,410 12,087 8,923 4,419 5,092 6,587 4,801 4,536 1,779 869 19,791 14,700 21,880 188 3,972 220 4,974 1,372 989 1,178 3,131 1,699 2,502 2,351 7,491 3,275 17,857 8,876 9,004 6,141 9,256 — 121 — — — 110 — 516 461 200 116 30 274 1,256 1,073 891 — — — 345 — — 39 — — — 299 — — — — 17 775 1,178 2,055 940 1,481 916 906 312 625 785 80 698 681 607 1,602 1,001 446 3,831 2,897 4,204 10,871 11,183 (1,388) 1969 12,287 12,912 (1,586) 1964 5,165 12,059 9,749 2,093 2,326 7,874 7,536 5,940 13,237 11,804 3,033 3,807 8,790 8,442 9,039 4,449 5,366 7,843 5,874 5,427 1,779 869 19,791 15,045 21,880 9,824 4,529 6,064 8,524 6,481 7,029 2,780 1,315 23,622 17,942 26,084 (715) 2011 2017 (1,683) 2016 2017 (1,361) 2016 2017 (288) 1993 2017 (305) 2012 (1,050) 1971 (936) 1947 (1,171) 1958 (580) 1964 (729) 1965 (1,198) 2006 (889) 2006 (832) 2006 (233) 1989 (114) 1972 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 (2,598) 1967 2017 (1,975) 1969 2017 (2,872) 1980 2017 188 3,972 4,160 (603) 1973 2017 220 5,013 5,233 (675) 2010 2018 1,372 989 1,178 3,131 1,699 2,502 2,351 7,491 3,275 8,863 4,264 (925) 1965 (378) 1966 17,857 19,035 (1,865) 2012 9,175 9,004 6,141 9,256 12,306 10,703 8,643 11,607 (976) 1955 (905) 1962 (619) 1967 (949) 1969 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 2,688 23,825 26,513 (2,357) 2014 2019 3,758 21,342 25,100 (2,127) 1980 2019 Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Alpine Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation The Bradford Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Ruston, LA — 2,688 23,825 Shreveport, LA — 3,758 21,325 F-33 Lakewest SNF Realty, LLC Lakewest Rehabilitation and Skilled Care Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Bossier City, LA — 1,635 21,180 — 1,635 21,180 22,815 (2,045) 2013 2019 Shreveport, LA — 3,437 20,889 2,845 3,437 23,734 27,171 (2,160) 2006 2019 Bossier City, LA — 2,979 24,617 2,100 2,979 26,717 29,696 (2,407) 2008 2019 Colonial Oaks Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation The Guest House Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Pilgrim Manor Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Shreveport Manor Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Booker T. Washington Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Shreveport, LA — 676 10,238 Shreveport, LA — 2,452 9,148 Legacy West Rehabilitation and Healthcare Corsicana, TX Legacy at Jacksonville Jacksonville, TX Pecan Tree Rehabilitation and Healthcare Gainesville, TX Cascadia of Nampa Valley Skilled Nursing Cascadia of Boise Cooney Healthcare and Rehabilitation Elkhorn Healthcare and Rehabilitation Dallas, TX Nampa, ID Modesto, CA Boise, ID Helena, MT Clancy, MT — — — — — — — — — 120 173 6,682 7,481 219 10,097 — 880 798 1,597 6,905 14,117 7,671 15,692 867 7,431 361 113 436 127 255 — — — — 20 676 10,599 11,275 (1,058) 2008 2019 2,452 9,261 11,713 (963) 2013 2019 120 173 7,118 7,608 7,238 7,781 (782) 2002 2019 (806) 2006 2019 219 10,352 10,571 (1,064) 1990 2019 — 880 798 1,597 6,905 14,117 7,671 15,692 6,905 (708) 2011 14,997 (1,344) 2017 8,469 (647) 2016 17,289 (1,235) 2018 2019 2019 2019 2020 867 7,451 8,318 (458) 1984 2020 183 7,380 430 183 7,810 7,993 (465) 1960 2020 Beacon Harbor Healthcare and Rehabilitation Rockwall, TX — 1,295 17,069 Pleasant Manor Healthcare and Rehabilitation Waxahachie, TX Rowlett Health and Rehabilitation Center Rowlett, TX Goleta, CA 160 North Patterson Avenue, LLC Buena Vista Care Center CTR Partnership, L.P. El Centro Post-Acute Care El Centro, CA — — — — 629 7,433 1,036 7,987 1,283 10,516 7,237 8,133 CTR Partnership, L.P. Sedona Trace Health and Wellness Austin, TX — 3,282 12,763 CTR Partnership, L.P. Cedar Pointe Health and Wellness Suites Cedar Park, TX — 3,325 11,738 CTR Partnership, L.P. Ennis Care Center Ennis,TX — 568 8,055 — — — — 135 — — — 1,295 17,069 18,364 (989) 1996 2020 629 7,433 8,062 (434) 1972 2020 1,036 7,987 1,283 10,516 7,237 8,268 11,552 15,224 9,551 (606) 1990 2020 (351) 1967 2021 (367) 1962 2021 3,282 12,763 16,045 (507) 2017 2021 3,325 11,738 15,063 (461) 2017 2021 568 8,055 8,623 (201) 1982 2022 Multi-Service Campus Properties: — 157,842 947,010 97,380 156,008 1,044,124 1,200,131 (246,446) Ensign Southland LLC Mission CCRC LLC Southland Care St. Joseph's Villa Norwalk, CA Salt Lake City, UT Wayne Health Holdings LLC Careage of Wayne Wayne, NE 4th Street Holdings LLC West Bend Care Center West Bend, IA — — — — 966 1,962 130 180 5,082 11,035 3,061 3,352 2,213 464 122 — 966 1,962 130 180 7,295 11,499 3,183 3,352 F-34 8,261 (5,864) 2011 13,461 (3,932) 1994 3,313 3,532 (1,202) 1978 (1,199) 2006 2011 1999 2011 2011 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Big Sioux River Health Holdings LLC Hillcrest Health Hawarden, IA Prairie Health Holdings LLC Colonial Manor of Randolph Randolph, NE Salmon River Health Holdings LLC Discovery Care Center Salmon, ID CTR Partnership, L.P. Liberty Nursing Center of Willard Willard, OH — — — — 110 130 168 3,522 1,571 2,496 144 11,097 75 22 — 50 110 130 168 3,597 1,593 2,496 3,707 1,723 2,664 (1,211) 1974 2011 (918) 2011 (650) 2012 2011 2012 144 11,147 11,291 (2,042) 1985 2015 CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC Gulf Coast Buyer 1 LLC CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. Premier Estates of Middletown/ Premier Retirement Estates of Middletown Middletown, OH Premier Estates of Norwood Towers/Premier Retirement Estates of Norwood Towers Norwood, OH Turlock Nursing and Rehabilitation Center Turlock, CA Bridgeport Medical Lodge Bridgeport, TX The Villas at Saratoga Saratoga, CA Madison Park Healthcare Huntington, WV Oakview Heights Nursing & Rehabilitation Center Mt. Carmel, IL Spring Lake Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Shreveport, LA The Village at Heritage Oaks Corsicana, TX City Creek Post-Acute and Assisted Living Crestwood Health and Rehabilitation Center Sacramento, CA Wills Point, TX San Juan Capistrano, CA Camarillo, CA Carlsbad, CA Northshore Healthcare Holdings LLC San Juan Capistrano Senior Living Northshore Healthcare Holdings LLC Camarillo Senior Living Northshore Healthcare Holdings LLC Bayshire Carlsbad Northshore Healthcare Holdings LLC Bayshire Rancho Mirage Rancho Mirage, CA CTR Partnership, L.P. Imboden Creek Living Center Decatur, IL Assisted and Independent Living Properties: Avenue N Holdings LLC Moenium Holdings LLC Cambridge ALF Grand Court Lafayette Health Holdings LLC Chateau Des Mons Expo Park Health Holdings LLC Canterbury Gardens Wisteria Health Holdings LLC Wisteria IND Everglades Health Holdings LLC Lexington Rosenburg, TX Mesa, AZ Englewood, CO Aurora, CO Abilene, TX Ventura, CA Flamingo Health Holdings LLC Desert Springs ALF Las Vegas, NV 18th Place Health Holdings LLC Boardwalk Health Holdings LLC Rose Court Park Place Phoenix, AZ Reno, NV — 990 7,484 380 990 7,864 8,854 (1,451) 1985 2015 — 1,316 10,071 1,021 1,316 11,092 12,408 (1,875) 1991 2016 — — — — — — — 1,258 980 8,709 601 16,526 27,917 9,736 6,385 298 8,393 3,217 143 21,195 11,429 — — 1,397 — — 2,729 482 1,258 980 8,709 601 16,526 27,917 11,133 6,385 17,784 28,897 19,842 6,986 (2,651) 1986 2016 (4,246) 2014 2016 (1,399) 2004 2018 (691) 1924 2018 298 8,393 8,691 (930) 2004 2019 3,217 143 23,924 11,911 27,141 12,054 (2,490) 2008 (1,266) 2007 2019 2019 — 3,980 10,106 1,488 3,980 11,594 15,574 (1,075) 1990 2019 143 6,075 11,176 7,516 7,398 4,024 131 25,298 30,552 19,714 16,790 12,499 — — — — — 81 143 6,075 6,218 (368) 1980 2020 11,176 7,516 7,398 4,024 131 25,298 30,552 19,714 16,790 12,580 36,474 38,068 27,112 20,814 12,711 (1,205) 1999 (1,441) 2000 (944) 1999 (820) 2000 (289) 2003 2021 2021 2021 2021 2022 55,670 281,386 10,524 55,670 291,910 347,580 (40,159) 124 1,893 420 570 244 1,542 908 1,011 367 2,301 5,268 1,160 1,692 3,241 4,012 4,767 2,053 1,633 392 1,210 189 248 81 113 281 490 52 124 1,893 420 570 244 1,542 908 1,011 367 2,693 6,478 1,349 1,940 3,322 4,125 5,048 2,543 1,685 2,817 8,371 1,769 2,510 3,566 5,667 5,956 3,554 2,052 (1,533) 2007 2006 (3,888) 1986 2007 (508) 2011 2009 (1,022) 1986 2010 (1,860) 2008 2011 (1,059) 1990 2011 (3,022) 1986 2011 (1,142) 1974 2011 (625) 1993 2012 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — F-35 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Willows Health Holdings LLC Cascade Plaza Lockwood Health Holdings LLC Saratoga Health Holdings LLC Santa Maria Lake Ridge Redmond, WA Santa Maria, CA Orem, UT Sky Holdings AZ LLC Desert Sky Assisted Living Glendale, AZ Lemon River Holdings LLC The Grove Assisted Living Riverside, CA Mission CCRC LLC CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. CTR Partnership, L.P. St. Joseph's Villa IND Salt Lake City, UT Prelude Cottages of Woodbury Woodbury, MN Lamplight Inn of West Allis West Allis, WI Fort Myers Assisted Living Fort Myers, FL Croatan Village Countryside Village The Pines of Clarkston New Bern, NC Pikeville, NC Village of Clarkston, MI The Pines of Goodrich Goodrich, MI The Pines of Burton The Pines of Lapeer Arbor Place Burton, MI Lapeer, MI Lodi, CA Applewood of Brookfield Brookfield, WI Applewood of New Berlin New Berlin, WI Memory Care Cottages in White Bear Lake White Bear Lake, MN Vista Del Lago Inn at Barton Creek Escondido, CA Bountiful, UT Bridgeton Essentia Neighborhood Bridgeton, NJ CTR Partnership, L.P. Rio Grande Essentia Neighborhood Rio Grande, NJ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2,835 1,792 444 61 342 411 430 97 1,489 312 131 603 241 492 302 392 493 356 1,611 4,362 2,480 3,784 2,253 2,265 304 802 2,312 6,714 6,102 3,531 6,919 4,157 9,326 4,112 9,199 5,773 3,605 14,002 10,812 5,633 7,997 4,804 245 5,795 224 5,652 395 585 176 372 3,360 258 76 106 2,835 1,792 444 61 342 411 430 77 1,006 1,489 301 125 522 207 426 261 392 241 190 1,611 4,362 2,480 — — — 459 — — — 39 — — — 15 — — 4,179 2,838 2,441 676 4,162 2,570 6,790 4,181 4,537 5,663 3,402 5,329 3,862 7,751 4,066 3,605 6,026 5,033 5,633 7,997 4,819 7,014 4,630 2,885 738 4,504 2,981 7,220 4,258 6,026 5,964 3,527 5,851 4,069 8,177 4,327 3,997 6,267 5,223 (1,500) 2013 2013 (1,560) 1967 (576) 1995 (520) 2004 (3,156) 2012 (1,778) 1994 (1,352) 2011 — 2013 (712) 1980 2013 2013 2002 2009 2011 2014 2016 2016 — — — — — — — — 2010 2016 2011 2016 2010 2014 2014 2008 2013 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2017 2016 2017 (578) 1984 7,244 12,359 7,299 (775) 2016 2017 (698) 2015 (380) 1999 2019 2020 190 4,510 4,700 (33) 2021 2021 224 5,652 5,876 (169) 2021 2021 27,224 155,677 10,345 26,492 139,044 165,537 (29,108) (1) The aggregate cost of real estate for federal income tax purposes was $1.7 billion. — $ 241,304 $ 1,392,128 $ 118,249 $ 238,738 $ 1,483,133 $ 1,721,871 $ (315,914) F-36 SCHEDULE III REAL ESTATE ASSETS AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Real estate: Balance at the beginning of the period Acquisitions Improvements Impairment Sales and/or transfers to assets held for sale, net Balance at the end of the period Accumulated depreciation: Balance at the beginning of the period Depreciation expense Impairment Sales and/or transfers to assets held for sale, net Balance at the end of the period Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 1,873,806 $ 1,683,205 $ 1,605,081 21,252 5,896 (29,803) (149,280) 190,133 4,521 — (4,053) 1,721,871 $ 1,873,806 $ (304,785) $ (42,131) 10,232 20,770 (259,803) $ (45,498) — 516 84,630 7,223 — (13,729) 1,683,205 (220,359) (41,914) — 2,470 (315,914) $ (304,785) $ (259,803) $ $ $ F-37 SCHEDULE IV MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE DECEMBER 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Description Contractual Interest Rate Maturity Date Periodic Payment Terms Prior Liens Principal Balance Book Value (1) Carrying Amount of Loans Subject to Delinquent Principal or Interest Mortgage Secured Loans: West Virginia (18 SNF facilities) California (5 SNF facilities) Georgia (4 SNF facilities) Mezzanine Loans: West Virginia (18 SNF facilities) Virginia (9 SNF facilities) 8.4 % 2027 10.2 % (2) 2025 9.0 % (2) 2025 11.0 % 2032 12.0 % 2025 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) $ 482,000 (4) $ 75,000 $ 72,543 53,400 (5) 22,250 21,345 72,700 (5) 24,900 23,796 557,000 (4) 25,000 24,012 114,309 (6) 15,000 14,672 $ 1,279,409 $ 162,150 $ 156,368 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Interest rates are variable and represent the rate in effect as of December 31, 2022. Interest is due monthly, and principal is due at the maturity date. (1) The aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes was $162.2 million as of December 31, 2022. (2) (3) (4) The secured term loan was structured with an “A” tranche, a “B” tranche, and a “C” tranche, with the “C” tranche being the most subordinate. The Company’s loan constituted the entirety of the “C” tranche. The Company also extended a mezzanine loan to the borrower group. Accordingly, the amounts of the prior liens at December 31, 2022 are estimated. (5) The secured term loan was structured with an “A” and a “B” tranche, with the “B” tranche being subordinate to the “A” tranche pursuant to the terms of a written agreement between the lenders. The Company’s loan constituted the entirety of the “B” tranche. Accordingly, the amounts of the prior liens at December 31, 2022 are estimated. (6) The first mortgage loans on these properties are not held by the Company. Accordingly, the amounts of the prior liens at December 31, 2022 are estimated. Changes in mortgage secured and mezzanine loans are summarized as follows (in thousands): Balance at beginning of period Additions during period: New mortgage and mezzanine loans Interest income added to principal Deductions during period: Paydowns/Repayments Unrealized loss Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 15,155 $ 15,000 $ 29,500 147,150 1,165 — (7,102) — 155 — 61,258 — (75,758) $ 156,368 $ 15,155 $ 15,000 F-38 

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