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Casella Waste Systems

cwst · NASDAQ Industrials
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Ticker cwst
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Industrials
Industry Waste Management
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2000 Annual Report · Casella Waste Systems
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casella

waste systems, inc.

We are directing investors to the

daily record of our growth,

activities, thoughts, and

performance — www.casella.com.

C O M P L E T I N G   T H E   P I C T U R E

In our letter to shareholders, we stress that the investor only

completes the picture of a company if he or she can combine

past performance with an understanding of what lies ahead.

As we did last year, we are directing investors to the daily

record of our growth, activities, thoughts, and performance —

www.casella.com.

You will note that in various places throughout this report and

10-K, we provide contextual "links," or guideposts, to online

resources, where the investor can learn more about a

particular company region, facility or financial data, for

example.

Once at our website, an investor will be able to customize

individual pages and resources to meet his or her particular

needs, revisit it as often as necessary, or even have it 

e-mailed directly to them.

While it is not a crystal ball, these day-to-day information

resources at the very least help the information contained in

this report age a little better.

Because each of our efforts undertaken in the past was

driven by our own understanding and vision of what lies in the

future.

In short, a more complete picture.

1

“Safe Harbor” Statement
Under the private securities litigation reform act of 1995

This Annual Report to Stockholders contains forward-

looking statements. For this purpose, any statements

contained herein that are not statements of historical

fact may be deemed forward-looking statements.

Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes”,

“anticipates”, “plans”, and similar expressions are

intended to identify forward-looking statements.

There are a number of important factors that could

cause the Company’s actual results to differ

materially from those indicated by such forward-

looking statements. These factors include, without

limitation, those set forth herein under the caption

“Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results” in 

“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial

Condition and Results of Operations” found in the

printed Form 10-K.

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T O   O U R   F E L L O W   S H A R E H O L D E R S :

Annual reports, as we’ve said in previous years, aren’t all

Yet, each challenge we faced, and each of our efforts

that helpful to investors when they talk exclusively about

undertaken over the last year, were driven almost 

the past, even though that is what their name implies

exclusively by our own understanding and vision of what

they ought to do.

lies ahead.

Surely, all the information in the printed 10-K that follows

Please understand — as shareholders and managers it is

gives you a picture of the company over our fiscal year

not easy or comfortable to watch value evaporate in the

ended April 30, 2000 and, for many, that is a useful tool

short term. But, the question for us is, and always has

and a necessary accounting of a company’s immediate

been: are we creating long-term value?

past performance.

But, at best, it is an incomplete tool.

We believe we are, and will continue to be able to do so.

Our faith in that statement is based on the answers to a

What completes the picture for the investor is an

number of important questions.

understanding of what lies ahead. Or, perhaps more

accurately, what management believes lies ahead—what

• Are we building a company uniquely positioned to 

the market will look like, what customers are expecting

solve problems for our markets and our customers?

and demanding, what opportunities for growth are

emerging, and how a company has configured its

• Do we have a platform of assets in our market 

resources to meet those challenges.

that would be difficult for competitors to duplicate?

We don’t entirely dismiss the past, either. Without a

• Do we enjoy a position of leadership in the vast  

doubt, our fiscal year 2000 was a challenge.

majority of local markets we serve?

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• Have we invested in and placed a solid, disciplined 

"the curb." That is, companies who want to be able to tell

management and systems foundation under our  

stories of long-term value creation must configure

businesses?

themselves to meet the demands of the marketplace.

• Do we enjoy fertile and numerous growth and 

We have built a collection of assets — from disposal to

market development opportunities in our markets?

collection to recycling — in our core markets that has

• Are the economic factors that drive our business  

solution for a broad range of customers, particularly public

fundamentally sound and sustainable?

policymakers. 

made us the premiere integrated waste management

• Are our businesses positioned to generate strong, 

This platform, we which believe cannot be duplicated easily

growing cash flows?

by competitors, can now be fully utilized in our core

Those answers — no surprise — are yes.

challenges, giving us a long-term, unbeatable competitive

markets to address some of our customers most difficult

These criteria are as true for us today as they were six,

twelve or eighteen months ago. They are very nearly

"…A POSITION OF LEADERSHIP"

permanent characteristics of our franchise and, as such,

edge.

are reliable, sustainable indicators of the opportunity we

We have concentrated on local markets where we can

have to create — again, no surprise — long term growth.

build, and have built, significant leadership positions. The

We believe this very strongly.

benefits are obvious.

"…SOLVE PROBLEMS FOR OUR CUSTOMERS"

In fact, in over 90 percent of our markets, we are either

the number one or two provider of services.

More and more, our conversations with customers,

particularly municipal governments, center around their

"…A SOLID FOUNDATION"

desire to address their more and diverse waste

management challenges, and do it comprehensively.

We have put skilled people and the systems — from

Successful companies in this industry will be defined by

information to financial controls — in place to manage a

their ability to solve waste management problems beyond

disciplined, growing company over the long-term.

“We have built a collection of

assets — from disposal to

collection to recycling — in our

core markets that has made us

the premiere integrated waste

management solution for a broad

range of customers, particularly

public policymakers.“

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
“We are blessed with a broad

variety of outstanding opportunities

in a number of our markets,

particularly in eastern

Massachusetts, where we can

enhance and fully leverage the

investments we’ve made in solid

waste management infrastructure.”

"…NUMEROUS OPPORTUNITIES IN OUR MARKETS"

Quite frankly, we don’t think investors are interested in

"stories." We think investors are interested in

We are blessed with a broad variety of outstanding

performance.

opportunities in a number of our markets, particularly in

eastern Massachusetts, where we can enhance and fully

That’s our plan. And we thank you for your support.

leverage the investments we’ve made in solid waste

management infrastructure.

"…POSITIONED TO GENERATE STRONG, GROWING

CASH FLOWS"

We believe the best measure of performance in our

industry remains cash flow. We continue to focus on

earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and

amortization (EBITDA) as our performance yardstick.

The vast majority of our cash flow is generated by

traditional solid waste management assets and

businesses, which grew significantly last year.

In short, all of the factors that serve as a solid foundation

necessary for a company to deliver performance and the

creation of value well into the future are in place. In the

pursuit of meaningful, long-term value, our goals are

simple: take advantage of the many opportunities to build

a market-focused business; make that business stable

and predictable; and make it perform to expectations.

We are sometimes asked, "what’s your plan to get

investors interested in the Casella Waste Systems ‘story’?"

JOHN W. CASELLA

President & CEO

JIM BOHLIG

Sr. Vice President & COO

JERRY CIFOR

Sr. Vice President & CFO

September 11, 2000

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F I N A N C I A L   H I G H L I G H T S   ( i n   t h o u s a n d s )

Year Ended April 30,

1998

1999

2000

Revenues

Operating Income

EBITDA

Net Income Loss

Earnings (Loss) per Share

Total Assets

Shareholders Equity (Deficit)

$143,711

$182,557

$337,347

11,383

32,913

1,835

(0.41)

205,509

83,764

19,391

45,116

6,615

0.44

282,129

147,978

42,800

83,011

11,050

0.59

872,177

274,718

E B I T D A * ,   a n d   a s   a   p e r c e n t   o f   r e v e n u e   ( i n   t h o u s a n d s )

Year Ended April 30,

1998

1999

2000

$83,011

24.6%

*Earnings Before Interest, 

Taxes, Depreciation, and 

Amortization

$45,116

24.7%

$32,913

22.9%

S H A R E H O L D E R   I N F O R M AT I O N

COMPANY OFFICES
25 Greens Hill Lane
Rutland, Vermont 05701
(802) 775-0325

AUDITORS
Arthur Anderson, LLP
225 Franklin Street
Boston, MA 02110

TRANSFER AGENT & REGISTER
Boston EquiServe
150 Royal Street
Boston, MA 02021
www.equiserve.com

DIRECT INQUIRIES TO:
Joseph Fusco, Vice-President
(802) 775-0325, (802) 775-6198 Fax
E-mail: joe.fusco@casella.com

LEGAL COUNSEL
Hale & Dorr LLP
60 State Street
Boston, MA 02110

STOCK EXCHANGE
Casella Waste Systems, Inc. is traded on 
the NASDAQ National Market under the 
ticker symbol CWST, and is listed on the 
Russell 3000 Index.

www.casella.com

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY OFFICERS 

JOHN W. CASELLA
President, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary

JOSEPH S. FUSCO
Vice President, Communications

DOUGLAS R. CASELLA
Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, Vice President

JAMES W. BOHLIG
Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer

JAMES M. HILTNER
Regional Vice President

MICHAEL HOLMES
Regional Vice President

JERRY S. CIFOR
Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer

LARRY B. LACKEY
Vice President, Permits, Compliance & Engineering

MARTIN J. SERGI
Executive Vice President, Business Development

MICHAEL BRENNAN
Vice President, General Counsel

CHRISTOPHER M. DESROCHES
Vice President, Sales & Marketing

SEAN DUFFY
Regional Vice President

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

ROSS PIRASTEH
Chairman of the Board of Directors

JOHN W. CASELLA
President & Chief Executive Officer, Director

JAMES W. BOHLIG
Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer, Director

DOUGLAS R. CASELLA
Director

JOHN F. CHAPPLE III
Director 
President, Marlin Management Services

RICHARD NORRIS
Vice President, Controller

ALAN N. SABINO
Regional Vice President

GARY SIMMONS
Vice President, Fleet Management

GREGORY B. PETERS
Director
Managing General Partner, 
Vermont Venture Capital Partners, L.P.

MARTIN J. SERGI
Director, Executive Vice President

WILBUR L. ROSS
Director
Chairman & CEO W.L. Ross & Co. LLC

GEORGE MITCHELL
Director 
Special Counsel, Verner Liipfert Bernhard McPherson & 
Hand

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8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U N I T E D   S T AT E S   S E C U R I T I E S  
A N D   E X C H A N G E   C O M M I S S I O N

FORM 10-K WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

[ X ]   Annual Report Pursuant To Section 13 or 15(d) Of The Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 

For The Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 1999

OR

[    ]  Transition Report Pursuant To Section 13 or 15(D) Of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For The Transition Period 

From                            To                          

Commission file number 
0 0 0 - 2 3 2 1 1

casella

waste systems, inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
D E L A W A R E  

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
0 3 - 0 3 3 8 8 7 3

(Address of principal executive offices)
2 5   G R E E N S   H I L L   L A N E ,   R U T L A N D ,   V T  

(Zip Code)
0 5 7 0 1

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:
( 8 0 2 )   7 7 5 - 0 3 2 5

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
N O N E .

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
C L A S S   A   C O M M O N   S T O C K ,   $ . 0 1   P E R   S H A R E   P A R   V A L U E

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to

file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 

Yes  [X]     No [  ]

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and

will not be contained, to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by

reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K 

9

On the internet

Maine Energy is a crucial

regional waste disposal

resource and a key

component of our ability to

build market leadership in

eastern New England.

Learn more, including a

“tour” of this facility at:
www.casella.com/main

energy

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The aggregate value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates

United States and parts of Canada. The Company also

of the registrant, based on the last sale price of the

markets recyclable metals, aluminum, plastics, paper and

registrant's Class A Common Stock at the close of business

corrugated cardboard all processed at its facilities and

on July 21, 2000 was $273,751,210 (reference is made to

recyclables purchased from third parties. The Company also

Part II, Item 5 herein for a statement of assumptions upon

generates electricity under its contracts with its two majority

which this calculation is based).

owned subsidiaries, Maine Energy Recovery Company LP

There were 22,232,698 shares of Class A Common Stock,

("Maine Energy") and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company

$.01 per share par value, of the registrant outstanding as of July

LP ("PERC"), and through its wholly owned subsidiary, Timber

21, 2000. There were 988,200 shares of Class B Common

Energy Recovery, Inc. ("TERI"). As of July 21, 2000, the

Stock of the registrant outstanding as of July 21, 2000.

Company owned and/or operated five Subtitle D landfills, two

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

landfills permitted to accept construction and demolition

materials, 39 transfer stations, 40 recycling processing

Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Part III (except for information

facilities, 39 solid and liquid waste collection divisions, 12

required with respect to executive officers of the Company,

power generation facilities, three finished products

which is set forth under Part I -Business - "Executive Officers

processing facilities and an interest in its cellulose insulation

of the Company") have been omitted from this report, since

joint venture with Louisiana Pacific.

the Company expects to file with the Securities and

Exchange Commission, not later than 120 days after the

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

close of its fiscal year, a definitive proxy statement. The

On December 14, 1999, the Company consummated its

information required by Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Part III of

acquisition of KTI, Inc. ("KTI"), a publicly traded solid waste

this report, which will appear in the definitive proxy statement,

handling company. KTI specialized in solid waste disposal and

is incorporated by reference into this report.

recycling, and operated waste-to-energy facilities and

PART 1
Item 1. Business

10

THE COMPANY

Casella Waste Systems, Inc. ("the Company") is a regional,

integrated solid waste services company that provides

manufacturing facilities utilizing recycled materials. All of KTI's

common stock was acquired in exchange for 7,152,157

shares of Class A Common Stock. The acquisition of KTI

essentially more than doubled the revenues of the Company.

The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase, and

accordingly, results are included in the Consolidated

Statements of Operations from December 15, 1999 forward.

During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2000, the

Company also acquired 35 solid and liquid waste

collection, transfer, disposal and recycling services, generates

management businesses with approximately $82.9 million in

steam and manufactures finished products utilizing recyclable

annualized revenues, including the following:

materials primarily throughout the eastern portion of the

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

To learn more about the

company’s growth and

performance visit us at
casella.com. To review
recent press releases, go
to Value and choose
Recent Releases. 

In July 1999, the Company completed a merger with

the Company expects to use to pay down debt and continue

Resource Waste Systems, Inc. and related entities, which

its strategic plan.

process recyclable materials and market commodities.

Resource Waste Systems and its affiliates are in the Eastern

SERVICES

Massachusetts market.

The Company's waste collection, landfill, transfer,

In October 1999, the Company acquired Eirco, Inc., a

certain of the Company's recycling services operations and

disposal outlet for processed construction and demolition

two of its waste-to-energy facilities, which incinerate non-

debris in Eastern Massachusetts.

hazardous solid waste to generate electricity, are managed on

In February 2000, the Company completed the

a geographic basis and are divided into three geographic

acquisition of Alternate Energy, Inc. and Rochester

regions: the Central, Eastern and Western regions. These

Environmental Park LLC (together, "AEI"), a bulk hauling

three regions are further divided into divisions organized

operation and construction and demolition debris processing

around smaller market areas, known as "waste sheds", each

facility in Eastern Massachusetts.

of which contains the complete cycle of activities in the solid

In spring 2000 the Company acquired certain assets from

waste service process, from collection to transfer operations

Allied Waste Industries, Inc. The assets included of two transfer

and recycling to disposal in either landfills or waste-to-energy

stations, one recycling facility and various hauling operations in

facilities. Each is managed separately and provides distinct

Eastern Massachusetts and Northern Rhode Island. 

products or services using different production facilities. The

The Company has entered into an agreement with

Company's other operations, comprising its waste-to-energy

Louisiana-Pacific Corp. to combine their respective cellulose

facilities exclusive of the two managed in the Eastern region

insulation businesses into a single operating entity under a

and its residential recycling operations, exclusive of the

joint venture agreement effective August 1, 2000. The new

recycling facilities which operate within the waste sheds,

Company, to be known as U.S. Green Fiber LLC, is an

commercial recycling operations and the finished products

equally-owned joint venture formed through the combination

operations are managed on a line-of-business basis

of Louisiana-Pacific's GreenStone Industries, Inc. and 

independently of the three geographic regions. The waste-to-

Casella Waste Systems' U.S. Fibers, Inc.'s operations. The

energy segment is managed out of Saco, Maine, the

new entity will supply cellulose insulation to existing

commercial recycling segment is managed out of Passaic,

residential construction, retail and manufactured housing

New Jersey and the residential recycling and finished

supply channels.

products segments are managed out of Charlotte, North

11

In June 2000, the Company agreed to issue redeemable

Carolina. The following are the Company's three geographic

convertible preferred stock to Berkshire Partners of Boston,

regions and four line-of-business segments that comprise the

Massachusetts. The preferred stock will be convertible into

Company's operations:

Class A Common Stock at $14.00 per share. The Company

expects to raise approximately $55.8 million in capital, which

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CENTRAL REGION

approximately 3.5 million tires per year and generates tire

The Central Region consists of Vermont, New Hampshire and

derived fuel, which the Company sells to paper mills for

eastern upstate New York. The portion of upstate New York

consumption as a supplemental energy source for boiler fuel.

within the Company's Central Region as of July 21, 2000

The Eastern Region also includes two majority-owned

includes Clinton, Franklin, Essex, Warren, Washington,

subsidiaries, which generate electricity from non-hazardous

Saratoga, Rennselaer and Albany counties. The Company

solid waste. The first facility is an 83.75% owned subsidiary,

owns and operates Subtitle D landfills in Bethlehem, New

Maine Energy Recovery Company LP ("Maine Energy"), a

Hampshire (See Part I, Item 3, `Legal Proceedings') and

Maine limited partnership, which is located in Biddeford,

Coventry, Vermont, and, through a 25-year capital lease,

Maine. The other facility is a 66.59% owned subsidiary,

operates the Clinton County landfill located in Schuyler Falls,

Penobscot Energy Recovery Company LP ("PERC"), a Maine

New York. In addition, as of July 21, 2000, the Company

limited partnership, located in Orrington, Maine. 

operated 16 solid waste collection operations, of which 7 are

leased and 9 are owned, 2 liquid waste collection operations,

one of which is leased and one of which is owned, 11

transfer stations, 4 of which are leased and 7 of which are

owned, four recycling facilities, three of which are leased and

one of which is owned and 1 leased transportation operation

in the Central Region. The Central Region also had two

transfer stations under development as of July 21, 2000.

WESTERN REGION

The Western Region is comprised of upstate New York and

northern Pennsylvania (including Ithaca, Elmira, Oneonta,

Lowville, Potsdam, Geneva, Auburn, Buffalo, Jamestown,

Olean, and Wellsboro, PA). At July 21, 2000 the Company

operated 11 transfer stations, all of which are owned, 12

collection operations, all of which are owned and 5 recycling

On the internet

Casella Waste Systems

serves communities

throughout the eastern

United States. See how
and where at Places.

operations, all of which are owned and collected solid waste

Maine Energy Recovery provides

EASTERN REGION

from commercial, industrial and residential customers in the

safe, secure waste disposal to

The Company's Eastern Region consists of Maine,

southeastern New Hampshire, eastern Massachusetts and

northern Rhode Island. The Company owns the SERF landfill

located in Hampden, Maine, which disposes of ash,

Western Region. The Company owns a Subtitle D permitted

communities in coastal 

landfill, the Hyland facility, in Angelica, New York, which

New England – and electricity to

serves the western upstate portion of our New York waste

more than 35,000 homes and

shed (See Part I, Item 3, `Legal Proceedings'). The Company

businesses.

construction and demolition debris, special waste and front

also owns two landfills permitted to accept construction and

end processing residue primarily from the State of Maine. In

demolition materials, the Hakes and Portland facilities.

12

addition, at July 21, 2000 the Company operated 10

collection operations, 4 of which are leased and 6 of which

OPERATIONS

are owned and 15 transfer stations, 10 of which are leased

The following is a description of the Company's operations.

and 5 of which are owned and collected solid waste from

commercial, industrial and residential customers in the

LANDFILLS

EasternRegion. The Company's waste tire processing facility,

The Company currently owns four Subtitle D landfill

located in Eliot, Maine, has the capacity to process

operations and operates a fifth Subtitle D landfill under a 25-

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

A virtual tour of our Clinton

County landfill is available
on the web in Skills and
includes information about

landfill construction as well

as what we’re doing to

extend the life of this

resource.

year lease arrangement with a county. All of the Company's

(2) Represents capacity for which the Company has begun

operating Subtitle D landfills include leachate collection

the permitting process. Does not include additional

systems, groundwater monitoring systems and, where

available capacity at the site for which permits have not

required, active methane gas extraction and recovery

yet been sought.

systems. In addition to these landfills, the Company owns two

(3) Operated pursuant to a capital lease expiring in 2021.

landfills permitted to accept only construction and demolition

(4) The 3,100,000 of additional in-process tonnage has

materials. These C&D landfills, depending on the state in

received all required permits from the State of Maine;

which they are located, are typically constructed in

however the town of Hampden, Maine, where the site is

accordance with lower environmental standards than Subtitle

located, has not issued the required construction permits

L A N D F I L L  

L O C AT I O N  

( T O N S ) ( 1 )

( T O N S ) ( 1 ) ( 2 )

Approximate Estimated
Total Remaining
Permitted Capacity

Estimated
in Permitting
Process Capacity

Clinton County (3)

Schuyler Falls, NY

Waste USA

SERF (4)

NCES

Hyland

Hakes (C&D)

Portland (C&D)

Coventry, VT

Hampden, ME

Bethlehem, NH

Angelica, NY

Campbell, NY

Portland, NY

710,000

1,690,000

120,000

6,000

1,620,000

941,000

20,250

990,000

- 0 -

3,100,000

544,000

- 0 -

- 0 -

- 0 -

D landfills, reflecting the inert nature of the materials

for work to begin on the expansion (See Part I, Item 3

deposited in them. 

"Legal Proceedings").

During the year ended April 30, 2000, approximately

(5) Facility currently under construction.

67% of the waste volumes received by the Company's

The Company also owns and/or operates five unlined

landfills were from the Company's hauling divisions or transfer

landfills, which are not currently in operation. All of these

stations. The following table provides certain information

landfills have been closed and environmentally capped by the

regarding the landfills that the Company operates. All of such

Company. One of the unlined landfills, a municipal landfill

13

information is provided as of July 21, 2000.

which is adjacent to the Subtitle D Clinton County landfill

(1) The Company converts estimated remaining permitted and

being operated by the Company, was operated by the

permittable capacity calculated in cubic yards to tons by

Company from July 1996 through July 1997. The Company

assuming a compaction factor equal to the historic average

completed the closure and capping activities at this landfill in

compaction factor applicable to the respective landfill. 

September 1997, and is indemnified by Clinton County for 

On the internet

Profiles of each of our

regions, their companies,

and the services we offer
are located in Places. You
will need to have an

appropriate browser and

common plug-ins to take

full advantage of this area’s

features - all available in
Internet Tools.

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environmentalliabilities arising from such landfill prior to the

transfer stations benefit the Company by: (i) increasing the

Company's operation. Once the permitted capacity of a

size of the waste shed which has access to the Company's

particular landfill is reached, the landfill must be closed and

landfills; (ii) reducing costs by improving utilization of

capped, and post-closure care started, if additional capacity is

collection personnel and equipment; and (iii) building

not authorized. The Company establishes reserves for the

relationships with municipalities that may lead to future

estimated costs associated with such closure and post-

business opportunities, including privatization of the

closure costs over the anticipated useful life of such landfill.

municipality's waste management services.

SOLID WASTE COLLECTION

RECYCLING SERVICES

The Company's 39 solid and liquid waste collection

The Company has sought to position itself to provide

operations served over 500,000 commercial, industrial and

recycling services to customers who are willing to pay for the

residential customers at July 21, 2000. During 2000,

cost of the recycling service. Depending on the terms of the

approximately 49% of the solid waste collected by the

individual customer contracts and the level of recovered

Company was delivered for disposal at its landfills. The

material commodity prices, the proceeds generated from

Company's collection operations are generally conducted

reselling the recycled materials are usually shared between

within a 125-mile radius of its landfills. A majority of the

the Company and its customers. In addition, the Company

Company's commercial and industrial collection services are

has adopted a pricing strategy of charging collection and

performed under one to three year service agreements, and

processing fees for recycling volume collected from its

fees are determined by such factors as collection frequency,

customers.

type of equipment and containers furnished, the type, volume

As of July 21, 2000 the Company operated 15 recycling

and weight of the solid waste collected, the distance to the

processing facilities throughout the three geographic regions.

disposal or processing facility and the cost of disposal or

The Company processes more than 20 classes of recyclable

processing. The Company's residential collection and disposal

materials originating from the municipal solid waste stream,

services are performed either on a subscription basis (i.e.,

including cardboard, office paper, containers and bottles. The

with no underlying contract) with individuals, or under

Company's regional recycling operations, as they relate to the

contracts with municipalities, homeowners associations,

three geographic regions, are concentrated principally in the

apartment owners or mobile home park operators.

Vermont, which is in the Central Region, as the public sector

14

TRANSFER STATION SERVICES

The Company operated 39 transfer stations as of 

in other states in the Company's service area has generally

taken primary responsibility for recycling efforts.

July 21, 2000. The transfer stations receive, compact and

WASTE TIRE PROCESSING AND OTHER SERVICES

transfer solid waste collected primarily from the Company's

The Company's waste tire processing facility, located in Eliot,

various collection operations to larger Company-owned

Maine, has the capacity to process approximately 3.5 million

vehicles for transport to landfills. The Company believes that

tires per year and generates tire derived fuel, which the

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

You can read more about

the company’s recent
activities by visiting Value
and selecting Press
Releases.

Company sells to paper mills for consumption as a

these crumb rubber systems. Oakhurst also agreed to

supplemental energy source for boiler fuel. The Company's

engage a subsidiary of the Company to be the operating

other services include a septic/liquid waste operation, located

manager of New Heights and to pay the subsidiary of the

in the Company's Central Region.

Company management fees for each facility operated.

WASTE-TO-ENERGY

The Company owns a 60% limited partnership interest

in American Ash Recycling of Tennessee Ltd., a limited

In addition to its interests in Maine Energy and PERC, the

partnership that operates a permitted municipal waste

Company has the following interests in waste-to-energy facilities:

combustor ash recycling facility in Nashville, Tennessee.  

Timber Energy Resources, located in Telogia, Florida,

This facility, which commenced operations in 1993, is the first

uses biomass waste as its source of fuel to be combusted

commercially operational municipal waste combustor ash

for the production of electricity for sale to the local electric

recycling facility in the United States.

utility. The Company also operates two wood processing

The waste-to-energy segment also engages in other

facilities, BioFuels in Lewiston, Maine and Timber Chip, also a

waste management and processing activities, including

part of Timber Energy Resources, in Cairo, Georgia.

commercial hauling and non-hazardous waste management.

The Company operates three waste-to-energy facilities,

These activities are complementary extensions of the waste-

two of which are owned and one of which is leased, in

to-energy facilities that enable the Company to provide a

Martinsville, Virginia. These facilities use biomass and coal to

wider range of services to customers and provide strategic

produce steam for sale to industrial users under long-term

opportunities for future growth through vertical integration.

contracts. One of the plants was closed in December 1999

pursuant to that plant's only customer going out of business.

RESIDENTIAL RECYCLING

KTI Recycling of Canada, which includes three tire

The residential recycling segment is comprised of 20

processing facilities, two of which are owned and one of

recycling facilities, 19 of which are leased and one of which is

which is leased, produce crumb rubber from waste tires

owned, that process and market recyclable materials under

using a proprietary cryogenic technology. KTI Recycling of

long-term contracts with municipalities and commercial

Canada has two additional facilities under construction,

customers. Additionally, the residential recycling segment

located in Canada.

operates one leased transfer station. The recyclable materials

The Company holds a 35% stake in Oakhurst Company

consist principally of old newspapers, old corrugated

Inc., which owns two distributors in the automotive

containers, mixed paper and commingled bottles and cans

15

aftermarket. The Company has assigned the Company's

consisting of steel, aluminum, plastic and glass. This line of

proprietary cryogenic rubber technology to Oakhurst, for use

business segment provides residential recycling, commercial

at the New Heights facility. In return, Oakhurst agreed to

recycling, processing and marketing services.

purchase an unspecified number of crumb rubber systems

A significant portion of the material provided to the

and entered into a royalty agreement with the Company to

residential recycling segment is delivered pursuant to long-

pay $0.0075 cents per tire processed by Oakhurst using

term contracts with municipal customers. The contracts

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generally have a term of five to ten years and expire at various

COMMERCIAL RECYCLING

times between 2000 and 2018. The terms of each of the

The commercial recycling segment consists of five leased

contracts vary, but all the contracts provide that the

recycling facilities, which process and market paper fibers

municipality or a third party deliver materials to the Company's

obtained from municipalities, commercial customers and

facility. In approximately one-third of the contracts, the

commercial waste generators and brokers paper fibers,

municipalities agree to deliver a guaranteed tonnage and the

processed at facilities operated by the residential and

municipality pays a fee for the amount of any shortfall from the

commercial recycling segments, to the Company's

guaranteed tonnage. Under the terms of the individual

processing facilities and external customers.

contracts, the Company pays the municipality a fee per ton of

material delivered or in the event of a shortfall, charges the

FINISHED PRODUCTS

Commercial and residential

recycling removes material from

the waste stream and reclaims it

for reuse and manufacture –

helping to extend our natural

municipality a fee for each ton of material shortfall below the

The finished products segment consists primarily of plastic

resources.

municipality's guaranteed tonnage amount. Some contracts

reprocessing plants and the Company's interest in a joint

contain revenue sharing arrangements under which the

venture with Louisiana-Pacific for the manufacture and sale of

Company pays the municipality a specified percentage of the

cellulose insulation.

revenue from the sale of the recovered materials.

The joint venture with Louisiana-Pacific manufactures

The residential recycling segment derives a significant

cellulose insulation, which is primarily used in the construction

portion of its revenues from the sale of recyclable materials.

of manufactured housing and single-family residential homes.

The resale and purchase prices of the recyclable materials,

The Company believes that the joint venture is the largest

particularly newspaper, corrugated containers, plastic, ferrous

producer of cellulose insulation in the United States and

and aluminum, can fluctuate based upon market conditions.

operates six manufacturing facilities located in Ronda, North

The Company uses long-term supply contracts with

Carolina; Tampa, Florida; Phoenix, Arizona; Clackamas,

customers with floor price arrangements to reduce the

Oregon; Delphos, Ohio; and Waco, Texas. The joint venture

commodity risk for certain recyclables, particularly newspaper

primarily sells the insulation to the makers of manufactured

and aluminum metals. Under such contracts, the Company

housing and insulation contractors throughout the country.

obtains a guaranteed minimum price for the recyclable

The plastics division is a reprocessor of high density

materials along with a commitment to receive additional

polyethylene ("HDPE") plastics collected primarily from

amounts if the current market price rises above the floor

residential recycling programs and industrial suppliers. The

16

price. The contracts are generally with large domestic

plastics division obtains a majority of its raw materials from

companies that use the recyclable materials in their

the residential recycling segment. The plastics division

manufacturing process. In fiscal 2000, 18.7% of the revenues

operates three manufacturing facilities located in Reidsville,

from the sale of recyclable materials of the residential

North Carolina and Hamlet, North Carolina.

recycling segment were derived from sales under these long-

term contracts.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

Take a closer look at our

services and the people
who provide them in Skills
– from collection and

transfer to recycling and

disposal.

COMPETITION

experience to bid on municipal contracts. Competition is both

The solid waste services industry is highly competitive, and

national and regional in nature. Some of the markets in which

has undergone a long period of consolidation, and requires

the Company competes are served by one or more of the

substantial labor and capital resources. The Company

large national solid waste companies including Waste

competes with numerous solid waste management

Management, Allied Waste and Republic Services, as well as

companies, several of which are significantly larger and have

numerous regional and local competitors that offer

greater access to capital and greater financial, marketing or

competitive prices and quality service.

technical resources than the Company. Certain of the

The Company's waste paper brokerage business and

Company's competitors are large national companies that

waste paper processing plants face extensive competition.

may be able to achieve greater economies of scale than the

Principal attributes of these markets contributing to such

Company. The Company also competes with a number of

competition are industry-wide overcapacity and continual

regional and local companies. In addition, the Company

price pressures.

competes with operators of alternative disposal facilities,

The insulation industry is highly competitive and requires

including incinerators, and with certain municipalities, counties

substantial capital and labor resources. In its insulation

and districts that operate their own solid waste collection and

manufacturing activities, the Company's joint venture with

disposal facilities. Public sector facilities may have certain

Louisiana-Pacific primarily competes with manufacturers of

advantages over the Company due to the availability of user

fiberglass insulation such as Owens Corning, Certainteed and

fees, charges or tax revenues and tax-exempt financing. In

Schuller International. The fiberglass insulation manufacturers

addition, recycling and other waste reduction programs may

currently have a significant market share and are substantially

reduce the volume of waste deposited in landfills.

better capitalized than the Company. The Company believes

The Company competes for collection and disposal

that the joint venture will compete with fiberglass insulation

volume primarily on the basis of the price and quality of its

manufacturers by charging competitive prices and offering a

services. From time to time, competitors may reduce the price

quality product and excellent customer service support.

of their services in an effort to expand market share or to win

The plastics industry is highly competitive and requires

a competitively bid municipal contract. These practices may

substantial capital investment in equipment. The plastics

also lead to reduced pricing for the Company's services or the

division's primary competition comes from other reprocessors

loss of business. In addition, competition exists within the

of recycled plastics, as well as suppliers of virgin HDPE resin.

industry not only for collection, transportation and disposal

These competitors have significantly greater financial and

17

volume, but also for acquisition candidates. The Company

other resources than the Company. The Company believes

generally competes for acquisition candidates with publicly-

that it offers competitive pricing because the cost to

owned regional and national waste management companies.

reprocess plastics generally requires a lower amount of

The residential recycling industry is highly competitive

investment in capital than the manufacturing of virgin plastic

and requires substantial capital resources and prior 

resin. The Company also competes with several other 

Well-trained and highly

resourced, Casella people are

working hard to make a lot of

places, better places.

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recycled plastic brokers and direct marketing from plastic

new customers. These sales representatives receive a

recycling plants for post-industrial plastic scrap, and with

significant portion of their compensation based upon meeting

materials recovery facilities for post-consumer plastics. The

certain incentive targets. The Company emphasizes providing

Company believes that it will continue to be competitive

quality services and customer satisfaction and retention, and

because of its knowledge of the plastic recycling market and

believes that its focus on quality service will help retain

its reputation and relationship with its customers.

existing and attract additional customers.

MARKETING AND SALES

EMPLOYEES

The Company has a coordinated marketing and sales strategy,

The Company employs approximately 3,700 persons. Certain

which is formulated at the corporate level and implemented at

of the Company's employees are covered by collective

the divisional level. The Company markets its services locally

bargaining agreements. The Company believes relations with

through division managers and direct sales representatives

its employees to be satisfactory. 

who focus on commercial, industrial, municipal and residential

customers. The Company also obtains new customers from

referral sources, its general reputation and local market print

RISK MANAGEMENT, INSURANCE AND

PERFORMANCE OR SURETY BONDS 

advertising. Leads are also developed from new building

The Company actively maintains environmental and other risk

permits, business licenses and other public records.

management programs, which it believes are appropriate for

Additionally, each division generally advertises in the yellow

its business. The Company's environmental risk management

pages and other local business print media that cover its

program includes evaluating existing facilities, as well as

service area.

potential acquisitions, for environmental law compliance and

Maintenance of a local presence and identity is an

operating procedures. The Company also maintains a worker

important aspect of the Company's marketing plan, and many

safety program, which encourages safe practices in the

of the Company's managers are involved in local

workplace. Operating practices at all Company operations are

governmental, civic and business organizations. The

intended to reduce the possibility of environmental

Company's name and logo, or, where appropriate, that of the

contamination and litigation.

Company's divisional operations, are displayed on all

The Company carries a range of insurance intended to

Company containers and trucks. Additionally, the Company

protect its assets and operations, including a commercial

18

attends and makes presentations at municipal and state

general liability policy and a property damage policy. A partially

conferences and advertises in governmental associations'

or completely uninsured claim against the Company (including

membership publications.

liabilities associated with cleanup or remediation at its own

The Company markets its commercial, industrial and

facilities) if successful and of sufficient magnitude, could have

municipal services through its sales representatives who visit

a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial

customers on a regular basis and make sales calls to potential

condition and results of operations. Any future difficulty in

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

In CustomerFirst, you
can learn more about our

local businesses, the

services they offer, and

what’s going on in the

communities they serve.

obtaining insurance could also impair the Company's ability

and commercial recycling segments, principally to paper and

to secure future contracts, which may be conditioned upon

box board manufacturers in the United States, Canada,

the availability of adequate insurance coverage.

Pacific Rim countries, Europe and South America.

Effective July 1, 1999, the Company established a

The Company's cellulose insulation joint venture sells

captive insurance company, `Casella Insurance Company',

its products to manufacturers of manufactured homes,

through which it is self-insured for Workman's Compensation

insulation contractors, and retail home improvement stores

and Automobile coverage. The Company's maximum

throughout the United States. The plastics division sells the

exposure under this plan is $250,000 per individual event

majority of its products under long-term contracts with two

with no aggregate limit, after which reinsurance takes effect

customers located adjacent to the Company's facility.

and limits the Company's exposure.

Municipal solid waste collection contracts and landfill

RAW MATERIALS

closure obligations may require performance or surety

The raw material demands of the PERC's facility currently

bonds, letters of credit or other means of financial assurance

are met mainly by PERC long-term waste handling

to secure contractual performance. The Company has not

agreements with approximately 200 municipalities in Maine.

experienced difficulty in obtaining performance or surety

PERC received approximately 75% of its raw materials in

bonds or letters of credit. If the Company were unable to

fiscal 2000 from these municipalities. Maine Energy received

obtain performance or surety bonds or letters of credit in

28% of its raw materials in fiscal 2000 from 18 Maine

sufficient amounts or at acceptable rates, it may be

municipalities under long term waste handling agreements.

precluded from entering into additional municipal solid waste

Maine Energy also receives raw materials from commercial

collection contracts or obtaining or retaining landfill operating

and private waste haulers and municipalities with short-term

permits.

CUSTOMERS

contracts. The Telogia facility uses biomass fuels that are a

by-product of the paper pulp woodchip industry as its raw

material.

Under the terms of their contracts, Maine Energy must sell

The residential recycling segment received 38.1% of its

all of the electricity generated at its facilities to Central

material under long-term agreements with municipalities.

Maine, Timber Energy Resources must sell all of its

These contracts generally provide that all recyclables

electricity to Florida Power and PERC must sell all of its

collected from the municipal recycling programs be delivered

electricity to Bangor Hydro.

to a facility that is owned or operated by the Company. The

19

The commercial recycling segment processing facilities

quantity of material delivered by these communities is

provide recycling services to municipalities, commercial

dependent on the participation of individual households in the

haulers and commercial waste generators within the

recycling program.

geographic proximity of the processing facilities. The

The raw materials for the Company's commercial

Company acts as a broker of products, including recyclable

recycling segment generally come from printers and

material processed at facilities operated by the residential

publishing houses and other recyclers and haulers. 

More information

A complete guide to our

on-line resources is located

at the end of this 10K. 

You may also request

information or join our 

e-mail list by filling out and

returning the pre-paid

mailer.

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The waste paper brokered by the Company is generated

costs remain constant throughout the fiscal year, operating

principally from the commercial recycling segment, from

income results are therefore impacted by a similar

waste generators, and from third party processors.

seasonality. In addition, particularly harsh weather conditions

The primary raw material for the Company's insulation

could result in increased operating costs to certain of the

joint venture is newspaper collected from residential recycling

Company's operations. 

programs, including those operated by the Company's

The residential recycling segment experiences increased

residential recycling segment. In 2000, the insulation division

volumes of newspaper in November and December due to

received 10.8% of the newspaper used by it from the

increased newspaper advertising and retail activity during the

residential recycling segment. It purchased the remaining

holiday season. Additionally, the facilities located in Florida

newspaper from municipalities, commercial haulers, and paper

experience increased volumes of recyclable materials during

brokers. The chemicals used to make the newspaper fire

the winter months, followed by decreases in the summer

retardant are purchased from industrial chemical manufacturers

months in connection with seasonal changes in population. 

located in the United States and South America.

The commercial recycling segment experiences

The plastics division's primary raw materials are baled

increased quantities of newspaper and corrugated containers

plastic containers collected from residential recycling

in November and December, followed by reduced quantities

programs, such as those operated by the Company's

in January and decreased quantities of newspaper and

residential recycling segment, and ground material from

corrugated containers in July and August, followed by

industrial customers. In 2000, the plastics division received

increased quantities in September, due to increased

57.2% of its raw material from the Company's residential

newspaper advertising and retail activity during the holiday

recycling facilities.

SEASONALITY

season. 

The insulation business experiences lower sales in

November and December because of lower production of

The Company's transfer and disposal revenues have

manufactured housing due to holiday plant shut downs.

historically been lower during the months of November

through March. This seasonality reflects the lower volume of

REGULATION

waste during the late fall, winter and early spring months

primarily because: (i) the volume of waste relating to

INTRODUCTION

20

construction and demolition activities decreases substantially

The Company is subject to extensive and evolving Federal,

during the winter months in the northeastern United States;

state and local environmental laws and regulations which have

and (ii) decreased tourism in Vermont, Maine and eastern

become increasingly stringent in recent years. The

New York during the winter months tends to lower the

environmental regulations affecting the Company are

volume of waste generated by commercial and restaurant

administered by the EPA and other Federal, state and local

customers, which is partially offset by the winter ski

environmental, zoning, health and safety agencies. The

industry.Since certain of the Company's operating and fixed

Company believes that it is currently in substantial

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By operating one of the

industry’s most modern fleet of

trucks and equipment,

maintenance costs are

managed and we assure that

our services are provided

reliably and safely.

compliance with applicable Federal, state and local

businesses that deal with hazardous waste are subject to

environmental laws, permits, orders and regulations, and it

regulatory obligations in addition to those imposed on handlers

does not currently anticipate any material environmental costs

of non-hazardous waste.

to bring its operations into compliance (although there can be

Among the wastes that are specifically designated as

no assurance in this regard in the future). The Company

non-hazardous are household waste and "special" waste,

expects that its operations in the solid waste services industry

including items such as petroleum contaminated soils,

will be subject to continued and increased regulation,

asbestos, foundry sand, shredder fluff and most non-

legislation and regulatory enforcement actions. The Company

hazardous industrial waste products.

attempts to anticipate future legal and regulatory requirements

The EPA regulations issued under Subtitle C of RCRA

and to carry out plans intended to keep its operations

incompliance with those requirements.

In order to transport process, incinerate, or dispose of

solid waste, it is necessary for the Company to possess and

comply with one or more permits from Federal, state and/or

local agencies. The Company must review these permits

periodically, and the permits may be modified or revoked by

the issuing agency. 

The principal Federal, state and local statutes and

regulations applicable to the Company's various operations

are as follows:

THE RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY

ACT OF 1976 ("RCRA")

RCRA regulates the generation, treatment, storage,

handling, transportation and disposal of solid waste and

requires states to develop programs to ensure the safe

disposal of solid waste. RCRA divides solid waste into two

groups, hazardous and non-hazardous. Wastes are generally

classified as hazardous if they (i) either (a) are specifically

included on a list of hazardous wastes, or (b) exhibit certain

characteristics defined as hazardous; and (ii) are not

impose a comprehensive "cradle to grave" system for tracking

the generation, transportation, treatment, storage and disposal

of hazardous wastes. The Subtitle C Regulations impose

obligations on generators, transporters and disposers of

hazardous wastes, and require permits that are costly to

obtain and maintain for sites where those businesses treat,

store or dispose of such material. Subtitle C requirements

include detailed operating, inspection, training and emergency

preparedness and response standards, as well as

requirements for manifesting, record keeping and reporting,

corrective action, facility closure, post-closure and

financialresponsibility. Most states have promulgated

regulations modeled on some or all of the Subtitle C

provisions issued by the EPA, and in many instances EPA has

delegated to those states the principal role in regulating

industries which are subject to those requirements. Some

state regulations impose different, additional obligations.

The Company currently does not accept for

transportation or disposal of hazardous substances (as

defined in CERCLA, discussed below) in concentrations or

21

volumes that would classify those materials as hazardous

wastes. However, the Company has transported hazardous

substances in the past and very likely will transport and

specifically designated as non-hazardous. Wastes classified as

dispose of hazardous substance in the future, to the extent

hazardous under RCRA are subject to more extensive

that materials defined as hazardous substances under

regulation than wastes classified as non-hazardous, and

CERCLA are present in consumer goods and in the 

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non-hazardous waste streams of its customers. The Company

disposal. Regulations generally require the Company to install

does not accept hazardous wastes for incineration at its waste-

groundwater monitoring wells at virtually all landfills it

to-energy facilities. The Company typically tests ash produced

operates, to monitor groundwater quality and, indirectly, the

at those facilities on a regular basis; that ash generally does

effectiveness of the leachate collection systems. The Subtitle

not contain hazardous substances in sufficient concentrations

D Regulations also require facility owners or operators to

or volumes to result in the ash being classified as hazardous

control emissions of methane gas generated at landfills where

Throughout the communities we

waste. However, it is possible that future waste streams

certain regulatory thresholds are exceeded. Each state must

serve, we work to provide safe,

accepted for incineration could contain elevated volumes or

revise its landfill regulations to meet these requirements or

concentrations of hazardous substances or that legal

the EPA will automatically impose such requirements upon

environmentally responsible

waste management solutions –

requirements will change, and that theresulting incineration

landfill owners and operators in that state. Each state also

today and tomorrow.

ash would be classified as hazardous waste.

must adopt and implement a permit program or other

Leachate generated at the Company's landfills and

appropriate system to ensure that landfills within the state

transfer stations is tested on a regular basis, and generally is

comply with the Subtitle D regulatory criteria. Various states

not regulated as a hazardous waste under Federal or state

in which the Company operates or in which it may operate in

law. In the past, however, leachate generated from certain of

the future have adopted regulations or programs as stringent

the Company's landfills has been classified as hazardous

as, or more stringent than, the Subtitle D Regulations.

waste under state law, and there is no guarantee that

leachate generated from the Company's facilities in the future

THE FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION 

will not be classified under Federal or state law as hazardous

CONTROL ACT OF 1972

waste.

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended

In October 1991, the EPA adopted the Subtitle D

("Clean Water Act"), regulates the discharge of pollutants into

Regulations governing solid waste landfills. The Subtitle D

the "waters of the United States" from a variety of sources,

Regulations, which generally became effective in October

including solid waste disposal sites and transfer stations,

1993, include location restrictions, facility design standards,

processing facilities, and waste-to-energy facilities

operating criteria, closure and post-closure requirements,

(collectively, "solid waste management facilities"). If run-off or

financial assurance requirements, groundwater monitoring

collected leachate from the Company's solid waste

requirements, groundwater remediation standards and

management facilities, or process or cooling waters

22

corrective action requirements. In addition, the Subtitle D

generated at one of the Company's waste-to-energy facilities,

Regulations require that new landfill sites meet more stringent

is discharged into streams, rivers or other surface waters, the

liner design criteria (typically, composite soil and synthetic

Clean Water Act would require the Company to apply for and

liners or two or more synthetic liners) intended to keep

obtain a discharge permit, conduct sampling and monitoring

leachate out of groundwater and have extensive collection

and, under certain circumstances, reduce the quantity of

systems to carry away leachate for treatment prior to

pollutants in such discharge. A permit also may be required if

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

You can find out more

about waste management

and other environmental

web resources in the
Library under Transfer
Station.

that run-off, leachate, or process or cooling water is

Act and Toxic Substances Control Act. If the Company were

discharged to a treatment facility that is owned by a local

found to be a responsible party for a CERCLA cleanup, the

municipality. Numerous states have enacted regulations,

enforcing agency could hold the Company, or any other

which are equivalent to the Clean Water Act, and which also

generator, transporter or the owner or operator of the

regulate the discharge of pollutants to groundwater. Finally,

contaminated facility, responsible for all investigative and

virtually all solid waste management facilities must comply with

remedial costs even if others also were liable. CERCLA also

the EPA's storm water regulations, which are designed to

authorizes EPA to impose a lien in favor of the United States

prevent contaminated storm water runoff from flowing into

upon all real property subject to, or affected by, a remedial

surface waters.

action for all costs for which a party is liable. CERCLA provides

a responsible party with the right to bring a contribution action

THE COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL

against other responsible parties for their allocable shares of

RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND LIABILITY ACT

investigative and remedial costs. The Company's ability to get

OF 1980 ("CERCLA")

others to reimburse it for their allocable shares of such costs

CERCLA established a regulatory and remedial program

would be limited by the Company's ability to identify and locate

intended to provide for the investigation and cleanup of facilities

other responsible parties and prove the extent of their

where or from which a release of any hazardous substance into

responsibility and by the financial resources of such other

the environment has occurred or is threatened. CERCLA's

parties.

primary mechanism for remedying such problems is to impose

strict joint and several liability for cleanup of facilities on current

THE CLEAN AIR ACT

owners and operators of the site, former owners and operators

The Clean Air Act, generally through state implementation of

of the site at the time of the disposal of the hazardous

Federal requirements, regulates emissions of air pollutants from

substances, as well as the generators of the hazardous

certain landfills based upon the date of the landfill was

substances and the transporters who arranged for disposal or

constructed and the annual volume of emissions. The EPA has

transportation of the hazardous substances. In addition,

promulgated new source performance standards regulating air

CERCLA also imposes liability for the costs of evaluating and

emissions of certain regulated pollutants (methane and non-

addressing damage done to natural resources. The costs of

methane organic compounds) from municipal solid waste

CERCLA investigation and cleanup can be very substantial.

landfills. Landfills located in areas where levels of regulated

Liability under CERCLA does not depend upon the existence or

pollutants exceed certain requirements of the Clean Air Act may

disposal of "hazardous waste" as defined by RCRA, but can be

be subject to even more extensive air pollution controls and

based on the existence of any of more than 700 "hazardous

emission limitations. In addition, the EPA has issued standards

23

substances" listed by the EPA, many of which can be found in

regulating the disposal of asbestos-containing materials.

household waste. In addition, the definition of "hazardous

The Clean Air Act also regulates emissions of air

substances" in CERCLA incorporates substances designated as

pollutants from the Company's waste-to-energy facilities and

hazardous or toxic under the Federal Clean Water Act, Clear Air

certain of its processing facilities. The EPA has enacted

State-of-the-art landfills, using

the latest technology and

developments, serve regional

waste-sheds.

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standards that apply to those emissions. It is possible that the

maintenance of solid waste management facilities. In addition,

EPA, or a state where the Company operates, will enact

many states have adopted statutes comparable to, and in

additional or different emission standards in the future.

some cases more stringent than, CERCLA. These statutes

All of the Federal statutes described above authorize

impose requirements for investigation and cleanup of

lawsuits by private citizens to enforce certain provisions of

contaminated sites and liability for costs anddamages

the statutes. In addition to a penalty award to the 

associated with such sites, and some authorize liens on

United States, some of those statutes authorize an award of

property owned by responsible parties. Some of those liens

attorney's fees to parties successfully advancing 

may take priority over previously filed instruments.

such an action.

Furthermore, many municipalities also have local ordinances,

laws and regulations affecting Company operations. These

THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT

include zoning and health measures that limit solid waste

OF 1970 ("OSHA")

management activities to specified sites or conduct, flow

OSHA establishes employer responsibilities and authorizes

control provisions that direct the delivery of solid wastes to

the promulgation by the Occupational Safety and Health

specific facilities or to facilities in specific areas, laws that

Administration to promulgate occupational health and safety

grant the right to establish franchises for collection services

standards, including the obligation to maintain a workplace

and then put out for bid the right to provide collection

free of recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious

services, and bans or other restrictions on the movement of

injury, to comply with adopted worker protection standards, to

solid wastes into a municipality. 

maintain certain records, to provide workers with required

Certain permits and approvals may limit the types of

disclosures and to implement certain health and safety

waste that may be accepted at a landfill or the quantity of

training programs. Various of those promulgated standards

waste that may be accepted at a landfill during a given time

may apply to the Company's operations, including those

period. In addition, certain permits and approvals, as well as

standards concerning notices of hazards, safety in excavation

certain state and local regulations, may limit a landfill to

and demolition work, the handling of asbestos and asbestos-

accepting waste that originates from specified geographic

containing materials, and worker training and emergency

areas or seek to restrict the importation of out-of-state waste

response programs.

STATE AND LOCAL REGULATIONS

24

or otherwise discriminate against out-of-state waste.

Generally, restrictions on importing out-of-state waste have

not withstood judicial challenge. However, from time to time

Each state in which the Company now operates or may

Federal legislation is proposed which would allow individual

operate in the future has laws and regulations governing the

states to prohibit the disposal of out-of-state waste or to limit

generation, storage, treatment, handling, processing,

the amount of out-of-state waste that could be imported for

transportation, incineration and disposal of solid waste, water

disposal and would require states, under certain

and air pollution and, in most cases, the siting, design,

circumstances, to reduce the amounts of waste exported to

operation, maintenance, closure and post-closure

other states. Although such legislation has not been passed

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

Maine Energy, with a

sophisticated front-end

process, recycles a

significant amount of waste

before converting it to

electricity. Learn how this

unique WTE plant works

and what it does at:
casella.com/mainenergy.

by Congress, if this or similar legislation is enacted, states in

transport to and disposal in landfills could affect the

which the Company operates landfills could limit or prohibit

Company's ability to operate its landfill facilities.

the importation of out-of-state waste. Such actions could

materially and adversely affect the business, financial

ENERGY AND UTILITY REGULATION

condition and results of operations of any landfills within

Each of the Company's waste-to-energy facilities has been

those states that receive a significant portion of waste

certified by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission as a

originating from out-of-state.

"qualifying small power production facility" under the Public

In addition, certain states and localities may for

Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, as amended

economic or other reasons restrict the export of waste from

("PURPA"). PURPA exempts qualifying facilities from most

their jurisdiction or require that a specified amount of waste

Federal and state laws governing electric utility rates and

be disposed of at facilities within their jurisdiction. In 1994,

financial organization, and generally requires electric utilities

the U.S. Supreme Court rejected as unconstitutional, and

to purchase electricity generated by qualifying facilities at a

therefore invalid, a local ordinance that sought to impose flow

price equal to the utility's full "avoid cost".

controls on taking waste out of the locality. However, certain

The Company's waste-to-energy business is dependent

state and local jurisdictions continue to seek to enforce such

upon its ability to sell the electricity generated by each of its

restrictions and, in certain cases, the Company may elect not

facilities to an electric utility (or, in certain instances, a third-

to challenge such restrictions. In addition, some proposed

party such as an energy marketer). Those purchases

Federal legislation would allow states and localities to impose

generally occur under long-term power purchase agreements,

flow restrictions. Those restrictions could reduce the volume

some of which will expire in the near future. There is no

of waste going to landfills in certain areas, which may

guarantee that new agreements will replace those that expire,

materially adversely affect the Company's ability to operate

or that any new agreement will contain a purchase price,

its landfills and/or affect the prices the Company can charge

which is as favorable as the one in the expiring agreement.

for landfill disposal services. Those restrictions also may

Additionally, in the event that the electric utility industry in a

result in higher disposal costs for the Company's collection

state where the Company generates electricity is deregulated

operations. If the Company were unable to pass such higher

in the future, it is possible that the applicable regulatory

costs through to its customers, the Company's business,

agency will require that an existing agreement be

financial condition and results of operations could be

renegotiated (the resulting agreement may be less favorable

materially adversely affected.

to the Company) or transferred to a third-party. 

25

There has been an increasing trend at the Federal, state

and local levels to mandate or encourage both waste

reduction at the source and waste recycling, and to prohibit

or restrict the disposal in landfills of certain types of solid

wastes, such as yard wastes, leaves and tires. Regulations

reducing the volume and types of wastes available for

More information

You can learn more about

the company’s leadership
by going to People on our
web site or by filling out the

pre-paid mailer at the back

of this 10K and requesting
the Management
Brochure.

E X E C U T I V E   O F F I C E R S   A N D   O T H E R   K E Y   E M P L O Y E E S   O F   T H E   C O M P A N Y
The Executive Officers and other key employees of the Company, their positions, and their ages as of July 21, 2000 are as follows:

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N A M E

A G E

P O S I T I O N

E X E C U T I V E   O F F I C E R S

John W. Casella

Douglas R. Casella

James W. Bohlig

Jerry S. Cifor

Martin J. Sergi 

O T H E R   K E Y   E M P L O Y E E S

Michael Brennan 

Christopher M. DesRoches 

Sean Duffy 

Joseph S. Fusco 

James M. Hiltner 

Michael Holmes 

Larry B. Lackey 

Richard Norris 

Alan N. Sabino 

Gary Simmons 

49

44

54

39

43 

42 

42 

40 

36 

36 

45 

39 

57 

40 

50 

President, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, Director

Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, Vice President

Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Director

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer

Executive Vice President - Business Development, Director

Vice President & General Counsel

Vice President, Sales and Marketing

Regional Vice President

Vice President, Communications

Regional Vice President

Regional Vice President

Vice President, Permits, Compliance and Engineering

Vice President & Corporate Controller

Regional Vice President

Vice President, Fleet Management

John W. Casella has served as President and Chief

related state and local boards and commissions including the

Executive Officer of the Company since 1993, and has been

Board of Directors of the Associated Industries of Vermont,

Chairman of the Board of Directors of Casella Waste

The Association of Vermont Recyclers, Vermont State

Management, Inc. since 1977. From 1993 until 1999, Mr.

Chamber of Commerce and the Rutland Industrial

Casella was also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of

Development Corporation. Mr. Casella has also served on

the Company. Mr. Casella has actively supervised all aspects

various state task forces, serving in an advisory capacity to

26

of Company operations since 1976, sets overall corporate

the Governor of Vermont on solid waste issues. Mr. Casella

policies, and serves as chief strategic planner of corporate

holds an Associate of Science in Business Management from

development. Mr. Casella is also an executive officer and

Bryant & Stratton University and a Bachelor of Science in

director of Casella Construction, a company owned by Mr.

Business Education from Castleton State College. Mr.

Casella and Douglas R. Casella. Mr. Casella has been a

Casella is the brother of Douglas R. Casella.

member of numerous industry-related and community service-

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Douglas R. Casella founded Casella Waste Management,

1983 until 1986. Mr. Cifor is a graduate of Hillsdale College

Inc. in 1975, and has been a director of that company since

with a Bachelor of Arts in Accounting.

that time. He has served as Vice Chairman of the Board of

Martin J. Sergi has served as Executive Vice President-

Directors of the Company since 1993 and has been President

Business Development of the Company since December

of Casella Waste Management, Inc. since 1975. Since 1989,

1999. From November 1997 to December 1999, Mr. Sergi

Mr. Casella has been President of Casella Construction, a

served as President of KTI, Inc., prior to its acquisition by the

company owned by Mr. Casella and John W. Casella which

Company. From October 1985 to August 1998, Mr. Sergi

specializes in general contracting, soil excavation and related

served as Chief Financial Officer of KTI, Inc. and from 1985 to

heavy equipment work. Mr. Casella attended the University of

December 1999 as Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors.

Wisconsin's College of Engineering continuing education

Michael Brennan joined the company in July 2000 as Vice

programs in sanitary landfill design, ground water remediation,

President and General Counsel. From July 1998 to July 2000,

landfill gas and leachate management and geosynthetics. Mr.

he served as Associate General Counsel for Waste

Casella is the brother of John W. Casella.

Management, Inc., a waste management company. From

James W. Bohlig joined the Company as Senior Vice

January 1996 to July 1998 he served as Senior Counsel and

President and Chief Operating Officer in 1993 with primary

from March 1993 to January 1996 he served as Environmental

responsibility for business development, acquisitions and

Counsel for Waste Management, Inc.

operations. Mr. Bohlig has served as a director of the

Christopher M. DesRoches has served as Vice

Company since 1993. From 1989 until he joined the Company,

President, Sales and Marketing of the Company since

Mr. Bohlig was Executive Vice President and Chief Operating

November 1996. From January 1989 to November 1996, he

Officer of Russell Corporation, a general contractor and

was a regional vice president of sales of Waste Management,

developer based in Rutland, Vermont. Mr. Bohlig is a licensed

Inc., a solid waste management company. Mr. DesRoches is a

professional engineer. Mr. Bohlig holds a Bachelor of Science

graduate of Arizona State University.

in Engineering and Chemistry from the U.S. Naval Academy,

Sean Duffy has served as Regional Vice President of the

and is a graduate of the Columbia University Management

Company since December 1999. He began in May of 1983 at

Program in Business Administration.

FCR, Inc. as one of the founders of the FCR, Inc. In 1996, he

Jerry S. Cifor joined the Company as Chief Financial

became the Chief Operating Officer of FCR, Inc. In 1997, he

Officer in January 1994. From 1992 to 1993, Mr. Cifor was

became an executive vice president of FCR. In 1998, he also

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Earthwatch

became the President of FCR Plastics, Inc. In 1999 he

27

Waste Systems, a waste management company based in

became the president of FCR Recycling and was promoted to

Buffalo, New York. From 1986 to 1991, Mr. Cifor was

President of FCR, Inc., where he remained until the

employed by Waste Management of North America, Inc., a

Company's acquisition of KTI, Inc. in December 1999, when

waste management company, in a number of financial and

he became a Regional Vice President of the Company and

operational management positions. Mr. Cifor is a certified

remains President of FCR Plastics, Inc. and FCR, Inc. Mr.

public accountant and was with KPMG Peat Marwick from

Duffy is a graduate of Central Connecticut State University.

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Joseph S. Fusco has served as Vice President,

Richard Norris joined the Company in July 2000 as Vice

Communications of the Company since January 1995. From

President and Corporate Controller. From 1997 to July 2000,

January 1991 through January 1995, Mr. Fusco was self-

Mr. Norris served as Vice President and Chief Financial

employed as a corporate and political communications

Officer for Nexcycle, Inc., a processor of secondary

consultant. Mr. Fusco is a graduate of the State University of

materials. From 1986 to 1997, he served as Vice President of

New York at Albany.

Finance, US Operations for Laidlaw Waste Systems, Inc., a

James M. Hiltner has served as Regional Vice President

waste management company.

of the Company since March 1998. From 1990 to March

Alan N. Sabino has served as Regional Vice President of

1998, Mr. Hiltner was employed by Waste Management, Inc.

the Company since July 1996. From 1995 to July 1996, 

as a region president (July 1996 through March 1998), where

Mr. Sabino served as a Division President for Waste

his responsibilities included overseeing that company's waste

Management, Inc. From 1989 to 1994, he served as Region

management operations in upstate New York and

Operations Manager for Chambers Development Company,

northwestern Pennsylvania, a division president (from April

Inc., a waste management company. Mr. Sabino is a graduate

1992 through July 1996) and a general manager (from

of Pennsylvania State University.

November 1990 through April 1992.)

Gary Simmons joined the Company in May 1997 as Vice

Michael Holmes has served as a Regional Vice President

President, Fleet Management.From 1995 to May 1997, 

of the Company since January 1997. From November 1995

Mr. Simmons served as National and Regional Fleet Service

to January 1997, Mr. Holmes was Vice President of Superior

Manager for USA Waste Services, Inc., a waste management

Disposal Services, Inc., which was acquired by the Company

company. From 1977 to 1995, Mr. Simmons served in various

in January 1997. From November 1993 to November 1995,

fleet maintenance and management positions for Chambers

he was Superintendent of Recycling and Solid Waste for the

Development Company, Inc.

Town of Weston, Massachusetts Solid Waste epartment

where he managed all aspects of the town's recycling and

Item 2. Properties

solid waste services. From June 1983 to October 1992, he

At July 21, 2000: (A) the Company operated seven landfills,

served as the Division Manager of all divisions in the

including one operated under a lease expiring in 2021; (B) 39

Binghamton, N.Y. area and the Boston, Massachusetts area

transfer stations, 24 of which are owned and 15 of which are

for Laidlaw Waste Services, Inc. Mr. Holmes is a graduate of

leased; (C) 39 hauling operations, 27 of which are owned

28

Broome Community College.

and 12 of which are leased; (D) 40 recyclable operations, 10

Larry B. Lackey joined the Company in 1993 and has

of which are owned and 30 of which are leased; (E) 12

served as Vice President, Permits, Compliance and

power generation facilities, six of which are owned, three of

Engineering since 1995. From 1984 to 1993, Mr. Lackey was

which are leased and three of which are partnership interests;

an Associate Engineer for Dufresne-Henry, Inc., an

(F) three manufacturing of finished goods operations, two of

engineering consulting firm. Mr. Lackey is a graduate of

which are owned and one of which is leased and one

Vermont Technical College.

cellulose insulation joint venture and (G) utilized 14 corporate

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
office and other administrative facilities, two of which are

landfill and the operator thereof to receive an additional

owned and 12 of which are leased. The Company's landfill

permit from the Town of Angelica to continue to operate,

operations are described in Item 1.

would prevent the disposal of yard waste, may preclude the

Other than the foregoing, at July 21, 2000 the principal

disposal of certain types of industrial waste and would

fixed assets used by the Company in its solid waste

impose certain other restrictions on the landfill. A temporary

collection and landfill operations included approximately 2,650

restraining order was granted by the court on May 14, 1998

collection vehicles, 450 pieces of heavy equipment and 350

in favor of the Company, and by a decision dated July 13,

support vehicles.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

On or about October 30, 1997, Mr. Matthew M. Freeman

commenced a civil lawsuit against the Company and two of

its officers and directors in Vermont Superior Court. 

Mr. Freeman claims to have performed services for the

1998, the court granted the Company's motion for a

preliminary injunction. On September 9, 1998, the Town of

Angelica filed a Notice of Appeal but has not yet perfected

that appeal. If the Company is not successful in its lawsuit,

and if the Town of Angelica seeks to enforce the law by its

terms, then the Company would be required to obtain an

additional permit from the Town of Angelica to operate the

Company prior to 1995 and in his lawsuit is seeking a three-

Hyland landfill, the expansion of the landfill beyond the current

percent equity interest in the Company or the monetary

equivalent thereof, as well as punitive damages. The

permitted capacity would be prohibited, and the Company

would be unable to dispose of yard waste and may be

Company and the officers and directors have answered the

precluded from disposing of certain industrial wastes at the

Complaint, denied Mr. Freeman's allegations of wrongdoing,

landfill. There can be no assurance that such limitations would

and asserted various defenses. In order to facilitate the

not have a material adverse effect on the Company's

completion of the initial public offering of the Company's

business, financial condition and results of operations. The

Class A Common Stock in November 1997, certain

Company and the Town have signed an amendment to the

stockholders of the Company agreed to indemnify the

Host Community Agreement and both sides have terminated

Company for any settlement by the Company or any award

the action with prejudice.

against the Company in excess of $350,000 (but not for legal

The Company's wholly owned subsidiary, North Country

fees paid by or on behalf of the Company or any other third

Environmental Services, Inc. ("NCES"), is a party to an appeal

party). The Company accrued a $215,000 reserve for this

against the Town of Bethlehem, New Hampshire ("Town")

claim during the year ended April 30, 1998.

before the New Hampshire Supreme Court. The appeal arises

29

On May 12, 1998, the Company filed suit in New York

from cross actions for declaratory and injunctive relief filed by

Supreme Court, Allegany County against the Town of

NCES and the Town to determine the permitted extent of

Angelica, New York seeking a temporary restraining order

NCES's landfill in the Town. The Grafton Superior Court ruled

and preliminary injunctive relief against the Town's

on February 1, 1999 that the Town could not enforce an

enforcement of a recently-enacted local law which would

ordinance purportedly prohibiting expansion of the landfill, at

prohibit the expansion of the Hyland landfill, would require the

least within 51 acres of NCES's 87 -acre parcel, based upon

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certain existing land-use approvals. As a result, NCES was

servicing of portable chemical toilets during the Woodstock

able to construct and operate "Stage II, Phase II" of the

Concert held in Rome, N.Y. in late July 1999. Woodstock '99,

landfill. If the Town were to prevail on appeal, the range of

LLC is seeking damages of up to $2,000,000. The Company

possible outcomes includes, without limitation, a new trial,

intends to vigorously defend the lawsuit and has filed its Answer

closure of the landfill, or remediation (i.e., removal) of Stage

and Counterclaim, along with extensive discovery requests.

II, Phase II. A separate appeal by two citizens groups of the

On May 11, 1994, Maine Energy filed a suit in a Maine

construction and operating approvals issued by the New

state court against United Steel Structures, Inc. under a

Hampshire Department of Environmental Services to NCES

warranty to recover the costs which were, or will be incurred

for Stage II, Phase II has been stayed by the New Hampshire

to replace the roof and walls of the Maine Energy tipping and

Waste Management Council pending the resolution of the

processing building. The judge in the case entered an order

appeal before the Supreme Court. 

awarding Maine Energy approximately $3.3 million plus

On or about December 7, 1999, Earth Waste Systems,

interest from May 10, 1994, to the date of the filing of the

Inc., Kevin Elnicki and Frank Elnicki filed a civil lawsuit against

lawsuit, and court costs. The defendant filed an appeal on

the Company, two of the Company's officers and directors,

December 19, 1997. In February 1999, the appellate court

and a former employee in Vermont State Court, Rutland

reversed the trial court's verdict in favor of Maine Energy and

County. The plaintiffs allege that the Company and the

returned the case to the trial court, which ordered a new trial.

individual defendants breached contractual obligations and

The case has been settled in principle by a proposed payment

engaged in other wrongdoing related to, among other things,

of $800,000 to Maine Energy. Settlement documents are

a now-terminated scrap metal agreement. Plaintiffs are

being prepared.

seeking monetary damages, including punitive damages, in an

On April 1, 1999, William F. Kaiser, a former Executive

unspecified amount. On May 12, 2000, the Company filed a

Vice President and Treasurer of KTI, filed a lawsuit against

motion to dismiss the case on jurisdictional grounds, onwhich

KTI in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey.

the Court has not yet ruled. The Company believes it has

The suit alleges breach of contract, wrongful termination,

meritorious defenses to this lawsuit. 

breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing,

The Company has brought an action against the Town of

misrepresentation of employment terms and failure to pay

Hampden, Maine to setaside the Town's efforts to block the

wages, all arising out of Mr. Kaiser's employment agreement

Company's construction of approximately 3,100,000 tons of

with KTI. The suit also alleges that KTIinaccurately reported

30

capacity, for which the Company has been granted a permit

its financial results for the first quarter of 1998 and failed to

by the State of Maine. The action is pending in the Penobscot

properly disclose the change of control provision in Mr.

County Superior Court in Bangor, Maine.

Kaiser's employment agreement. Mr. Kaiser is seeking a

The Company is a defendant in a lawsuit brought by

declaratory judgment that, upon closing of the merger, the

Woodstock '99, LLC seeking damages for breach of two

change of control provision entitles him to receive a

service contracts entered into by the Company for the

severance payment of two years' salary, in the amount of

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$320,000, and to exercise 132,000 unvested options for KTI

defend this suit and has filed an action to stay the arbitration

common stock. Mr. Kaiser is also seeking damages in the

in Mecklenburg County Superior Court in North Carolina. On

amount of $40,000 for an additional severance payment, as

October 11, 1999, the Superior Court denied KTI's request to

well as undisclosed damages for outstanding salary, bonus

stay the arbitration. The matter was subsequently settled by

and other payments and from his sale of approximately

the payment to Mr. Kuruc of approximately $190,000.

20,000 shares of KTI common stock resulting from KTI's

On April 6, 1999, Dennis McDonnell filed a lawsuit in a

allegedly inaccurate financial reports.

Florida state court against U.S. Fiber, Inc., a subsidiary of the

On April 15, 1999, C.H. Lee, a former employee of FCR

Company. Mr. McDonnell, a former employee of U.S. Fiber, is

and a former majority shareholder of Resource Recycling,

seeking a declaratory judgment regarding his rights and

Inc., commenced arbitration proceedings with the American

obligations under an employment non-competition agreement

Arbitration Association in Charlotte, North Carolina against

and an employment agreement that he previously had signed

KTI, FCR and FCR Plastics, Inc. in connection with the

with two corporations that subsequently were merged with

acquisition of Resource Recycling by FCR. Mr. Lee alleges

and into U.S. Fiber. The case was settled in 1999 by the

that FCR and FCR Plastics acted to frustrate the "earn-out"

payment of $30,000 to McDonnell.

provisions of the acquisition agreement and thereby

On or about April 26, 1999, Salvatore Russo filed an

precluded Mr. Lee from receiving, or alternatively, reduced,

action in the U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey

the sums to which he was entitled to under the agreement.

against KTI and two of its principal officers, Ross Pirasteh

He also alleges that FCR and FCR Plastics wrongfully

and Martin J. Sergi, purportedly on behalf of all shareholders

terminated his employment agreement. The claim for

who purchased KTI common stock from May 4, 1998 through

arbitration alleges direct charges in excess of $5.0 million and

August 14, 1998. Melanie Miller filed an identical complaint

requests punitive damages, treble damages and attorneys

on May 14, 1999. The complaints allege that the defendants

fees. KTI, FCR and FCR Plastics responded to the demand,

made material misrepresentations in KTI's quarterly report on

denying liability and filed a counterclaim for $1.0 million for

form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 1998 in violation

misrepresentations. The arbitration proceeding was held. On

of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of

June 19, 2000, the arbitration panel determined that FCR

1934, as amended, concerning KTI's allowance for doubtful

was entitled to recover $7,000 from Mr. Lee.

accounts and net income. The Plaintiffs are seeking

On July 1, 1999, Michael P. Kuruc filed a demand for

undisclosed damages. The Company believes it has

arbitration with the American Arbitration Association in

meritorious defenses to these complaints. On June 15, 1999,

31

Charlotte, North Carolina, seeking approximately $1.0 million

Mr. Russo and Ms. Miller, together with Fransisco Munero,

for compensation due under an employment agreement that

Timothy Ryan and Steve Storch, moved to consolidate the

he alleges he has with KTI and losses allegedly suffered in

two complaints. This motion is currently pending in the

connection with his sale of KTI common stock. KTI believes

District Court of New Jersey.

that it has meritorious defenses, has retained counsel to

More information

Copies of prior annual

reports are available at
casella.com or by filling
out the pre-paid mailer at

the back of this 10K and

requesting them.

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On October 22, 1999, Kyle Trayner filed an action in

contract, breach of fiduciary duties and fraud and also claims

Putnam Superior Court in Connecticut against K-C

treble damages of $100 million based on alleged fraudulent

International seeking approximately $400,000 allegedly due

transfer of Maine Energy's assets. The notice also reserves

for compensation under an employment agreement and for

the right to seek punitive damages. Although the City of

payment on a promissory note issued by K-C International to

Biddeford, Maine has not filed a notice of claims, it has given

Mr. Trayner. The Company believes that it has meritorious

noticed that it will be initiating a suit to receive the residual

defenses to these claims. This suit was settled in July 2000

cancellation payments. Under the agreement, the aggregate

for $100,000.

amount to be paid upon the exercise of the put right is 18%

On May 11, 2000, The Company was granted a permit

of the fair market value of the equity of the partners in Maine

modification by the New Hampshire Department of

Energy, and such amount is required to be paid within 120

Environmental Services to increase the volume of solid waste

days after the exercise of the put by the respective parties

processed and stored at its GDS transfer station in Newport,

entitled thereto. The Companybelieves it has meritorious

New Hampshire. On or about June 12, 2000, a local

defenses to these claims.

environmental activist appealed the permit modification to the

On or about March 24, 2000, a complaint was filed in

New Hampshire Waste Management Council. The appeal

the United States DistrictCourt, District of New Jersey

claims that the modification will lead to adverse environmental

against the Company, KTI, and three of KTI's principal

impacts through higher waste flows and increased levels of

officers, Ross Pirasteh, Martin J. Sergi, and Paul A. Garrett.

incineration at a nearby waste-to-energy facility, that the

The complaint purported to be behalf of all shareholders who

Company has been the subject of "complaints" arising from

purchased KTI common stock from January 1, 1998 through

its New England and New York operations, and that the

April 14, 1999. The Complaint alleged that the defendants

Company has failed to demonstrate that the modification is

made unspecified misrepresentations regarding KTI's financial

consistent with the waste management plan of the local

condition during the class period in violation of Sections 10(b)

waste management district. The Company expects to seek a

and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as

dismissal of the appeal for the appellant's lack of standing.

amended. The plaintiffs seek undiscloseddamages. On or

On January 7, 2000, the City of Saco, Maine filed a

about April 6, 2000, the plaintiffs filed an amended class

notice of claims with the Company and Maine Energy

action complaint, which changes the class period covered by

claiming entitlement to certain "residual cancellation"

the complaint on behalf of all the defendants on July 21,

32

payments from Maine Energy under the waste handling

2000.

agreement dated June 7, 1991 among the Biddeford-Saco

The Company is a defendant in certain other lawsuits

Waste Handling Committee, Biddeford, Saco and Maine

alleging various claims incurred in the ordinary course of

Energy on the basis of the satisfaction of certain conditions,

business. The Company believes that none of the above

including the acquisition of KTI by the Company. The notice of

lawsuits, either individually or in the aggregate, will be settled

claims alleges that the payments due to Saco exceed $33

in a manner that will have a material impact toits financial

million, and claims damages in such amounts for breach of

condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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available by going to
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you want to know and save

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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a
Vote of Security Holders 
There were no matters submitted to a vote of the security

holders during the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2000.

PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s

Common Equity and
Related Shareholder
Matters

approximately 470 holders of record of the Company's Class

A Common Stock and two holders of record of the

Company'sClass B Common Stock.

The closing price for the Class A Common Stock on

July 21, 2000 was $12.313. For purposes of calculating the

aggregate market value of the shares of common stock of

the Company held by nonaffiliates, as shown on the cover

page of this report, it has been assumed that all the

outstanding shares were held by nonaffiliates except for the

shares held by directors and executive officers of the

Company. However, this should not be deemed to constitute

The Company's Class A Common Stock trades on the

an admission that all such persons are, in fact, affiliates of the

Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "CWST". The

Company, or that there are not other persons who may be

following table sets forth the high and low sale prices of the

deemed to be affiliates of the Company.

Company's Class A Common Stock for the periods indicated

No dividends have ever been declared or paid on the

as quoted on the Nasdaq National Market.

Company's capital stock and the Company does not

P E R I O D

Fiscal 1999

First quarter

Second quarter

Third quarter

Fourth quarter

Fiscal 2000

First quarter 

Second quarter

Third quarter

Fourth quarter

H I G H

L O W

$31.50

$34.00

$39.00

$27.00

$27.250

$26.625

$19.313

$15.438

$24.375

$24.00

$25.00

$17.25

$19.063

$12.75

$13.125

$5.563

On July 21, 2000, the high and low sale prices per

anticipate paying any cash dividends on the Common Stock

share of the Company's Class A Common Stock as quoted

in the foreseeable future. The Company's credit facility

on the Nasdaq National Market were $12.313 and

restricts the payment of dividends.

$12.125,respectively. As of July 21, 2000 there were

33

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SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

The following selected consolidated financial and operating

No unregistered securities of the Company were sold

data set forth below with respect to the Company's

by the Company during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2000

consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the

that were not previously reported by the Company in its

fiscal years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000, and the

quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 1999 and 2000

are derived from the Company's consolidated financial

Item 6. Selected Consoldated

Financing and Operating Data

statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K, and the

consolidated statements of operations and cash flows data

C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .

Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data (In thousands, except share and per share data

F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,   ( 1 )

Statement of Operations Data:

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

$143,711

$103,520

$58,932

Revenues

Cost of operations

General and administrative

Depreciation and amortization

Merger-related costs

Loss on impairment of long-lived assets

Operating income

Interest expense, net

Other expense (income), net

Income before provision for income taxes, discontinued

$337,347

210,730

$182,557

108,874

42,116

40,211

1,490

-

42,800

15,034

2,165

26,616

25,725

1,951

-

19,391

5,564

(352)

89,582

20,926

19,959

290

1,571

11,383

7,373

(337)

operations and extraordinary items 

25,601

14,179

4,347

Provision for income taxes

Discontinued operations

Extraordinary items, net

Net income (loss)

Accretion of preferred stock and put warrants

12,258

(1,662)

(631)

$11,050

-

7,531

(33)

-

$6,615

-

2,512

-

-

$1,835

(5,738)

34

Net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders 

$11,050

$6,615

$(3,903)

Basic net income (loss) per common share

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (2)

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (2)

$0.59

18,731

$0.57

19,272

$0.44

15,145

$0.41

16,019

$(0.41)

9,547

$0.41

9,547

65,460

16,139

15,371

-

-

35,878

10,416

9,206

-

-

6,550

3,432

4,940

846

764

681

-

-

$83

(8,530)

$(8,447)

$(1.52)

5,548

$(1.52)

5,548

-

3,168

264

148

-

326

$(210)

(2,967)

$(3,177)

$(0.71)

4,504

$(0.71)

4,504

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .

Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data (In thousands, except share and per share data)

F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,   ( 1 )

Statement of Operations Data:

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

Other Operating Data:

Capital Expenditure

Other Data:

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Adjusted EBITDA (3)

Balance Sheet Data:

Cash and cash equivalents

Working capital (deficit)

Property and equipment, net

Total assets

Long-term obligations, less current maturities

Redeemable preferred stock

Redeemable put warrants (4)

Total stockholders’ equity 

$(69,455)

$(54,118)

$(29,416)

$(20,825)

$(12,293)

$41,585

$(156,343)

$119,390

$83,011

$8,864

$84,302

$379,086

$872,177

$440,804

-

-

$37,727

$(95,976)

$59,154

$45,116

$4,232

$6,117

$131,076

$282,129

$86,739

-

-

$21,079

$(61,263)

$40,673

$32,913

$3,327

$4,210

$91,451

$205,509

$83,681

-

-

$274,718

$147,978

$83,764

$17,280

$(56,495)

$40,116

$21,921

$2,838

$(4,554)

$75,626

$153,366

$82,187

$31,426

$ 400

$35,449

$ 9,840

$(29,547)

$19,164

$12,638

$1,938

(716)

$43,528

$74,650

$28,165

$22,896

$400

$25,451

for the fiscal years ended April 30, 1996 and 1997 and the

Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes

consolidated balance sheet data as of April 30, 1996, 1997

thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

and 1998 are derived from the Company's consolidated

(1) The Company has restated its consolidated

financial statements, all of which have been audited by Arthur

statements of operations and consolidated statements of

Andersen LLP. During the year ended April 30, 2000, the

cash flows to reflect the mergers with Resource Waste

Company completed two mergers, which were accounted for

Systems, Inc. and Corning Community Disposal, Inc.

as poolings of interests. Accordingly, the Company's financial

consummated during the year ended April 30, 2000,

and operating data for all periods presented have been

accounted for using the pooling of interests method of

35

restated to reflect the financial position, results of operations 

accounting. See Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated

and cash flows of the merged entities as if they had been one

Financial Statements.

company. The data set forth below should be read in

(2) Computed on the basis described in Note 1 of

conjunction with the "Management's Discussion and Analysis

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the

On the internet

The Library contains
copies of recent press

releases, past and current

financial data, and links to

other waste and

environmental sites as well

as news, information, and

opinion.

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(3) Adjusted EBITDA is defined as operating income

1997, warrants to purchase 25,000 shares were exercised by

plus depreciation and amortization and loss on impairment of

the holder at $6.00 per share, and warrants to purchase 75,000

long-lived assets. Adjusted EBITDA does not represent, and

shares were called by the Company at $7.00 per share.

should not be considered as, an alternative to net income or

cash flows from operating activities, each as determined in

accordance with GAAP. Moreover, Adjusted EBITDA does

not necessarily indicate whether cash flow will be sufficient

Item 7. Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations

for such items as working capital or capital expenditures, or

The following discussion of the Company's financial condition

to react to changes in the Company's industry or to the

and results of operations should be read in conjunction with

economy generally. The Company believes that adjusted

the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes

EBITDA is a measure commonly used by lenders and certain

thereto, and other financial Information included elsewhere in

investors to evaluate a company's performance in the solid

this Form 10-K.

waste industry. The Company also believes that adjusted

Casella Waste Systems, Inc. ("the Company") is a

EBITDA data may help to understand the Company's

regional, integrated solid waste services company that

performance because such data may reflect the Company's

provides collection, transfer, disposal and recycling services,

ability to generate cash flows, which is an indicator of its

generates steam and manufactures finished products utilizing

ability to satisfy its debt service, capital expenditure and

recyclable materials primarily throughout the eastern portion

working capital requirements. Because adjusted EBITDA is

of the United States and parts of Canada. The Company also

not calculated by all companies and analysts in the same

markets recyclable metals, aluminum, plastics, paper and

fashion, the adjusted EBITDA measures presented by the

corrugated cardboard all processed at its facilities and

Company may not be comparable to similarly titled measures

recyclables purchased from third parties. The Company also

reported by other companies. Therefore, in evaluating

generates electricity under its contracts with its two majority

adjusted EBITDA data, investors should consider, among

owned subsidiaries, Maine Energy Recovery Company LP

other factors: the non-GAAP nature of adjusted EBITDA data;

("Maine Energy") and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company

actual cash flows; the actual availability of funds for debt

LP ("PERC"), and through its wholly owned subsidiary, Timber

service; capital expenditures and working capital; and the

Energy Resource, Inc. ("TERI"). As of July 21, 2000, the

comparability of the Company's adjusted EBITDA data to

Company owned and/or operated five Subtitle D landfills, two

36

similarly-titled measures reported by other companies. For

landfills permitted to accept construction and demolition

more information about the Company's cash flows, see the

materials, 39 transfer stations, 40 recycling processing

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in the Company's

facilities, 39 solid and liquid waste collection divisions, 12

Consolidated Financial Statements.

power generation facilities, 3 finished products processing

(4) Represents warrants to purchase 100,000

facilities and its cellulose insulation joint venture.

shares of Class A Common Stock exercisable at $6.00 per

The Company's revenues have increased from $38.6

share. Pursuant to the terms of these warrants, in September

million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 1995, to $337.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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thinking, fill out and return

the pre-paid information

request mailer at the back

of this 10K.

million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2000. From May 1,

factors include, without limitation, those outlined below in the

1994 through April 30, 2000, the Company acquired 167 solid

section entitled "Certain Factors That May Affect Future

waste collection, transfer and disposal operations, as well as

Results". The Company's failure to successfully address any

KTI, Inc. ("KTI") in December 1999. Under the rules of

of these factors could have a material adverse effect on the

purchase accounting the acquired companies' revenues and

Company's results of operations.

results of operations have been included together with those

of the Company from the actual dates of the acquisitions and

GENERAL

materially affect the period-to-period comparisons of the

The Company's revenues are attributable primarily to

Company's historical results of operations. During the year

fees charged to customers for solid and disposal waste

ended April 30, 2000, the Company acquired two waste

collection, landfill, waste-to-energy, transfer and recycling

collection, transfer and disposal operations in transactions

services. The Company derives a substantial portion of its

accounted for as poolings of interests. Under the rules

collection revenues from commercial, industrial and municipal

governing poolings of interests, the prior period and year to

services that are generally performed under service

date financial statements of the Company have been restated

agreements or pursuant to contracts with municipalities. 

for all prior years to reflect the financial position, results of

The majority of the Company's residential collection

operations and cash flows of the merged entities as if they

services are performed on a subscription basis with individual

had been one company for all periods presented in the

households. Landfill, waste-to-energy facility and transfer

accompanying financial statements. This Form 10-K and other

customers are charged a tipping fee on a per ton basis for

reports, proxy statements, and other communications to

disposing of their solid waste at the Company's disposal

stockholders, as well as oral statements by the Company's

facilities and transfer stations. The majority of the Company's

officers or its agents, may contain forward-looking statements

disposal and transfer customers are under one to ten-year

within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and

disposal contracts, with most having clauses for annual cost

section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, with respect to,

of living increases. Recycling revenues consist of revenues

among other things, the Company's future revenues, operating

from the sale of recyclable commodities, operations and

income, or earnings per share. Without limiting the foregoing,

maintenance contracts of recycling facilities for municipal

any statements contained in this Form 10-K that are not

customers, recyclable brokering operations and from the sale

statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-

of tire derived fuel. The Company, as a result of the KTI

looking statements, and the words "believes", "anticipates",

acquisition, provides integrated waste handling services,

37

"plans", "expects", and similar expressions are intended to

including processing and recycling of wood, paper, metals,

identify forward-looking statements. There are a number of

aluminum, plastics and glass, municipal solid waste

factors of which the Company is aware that may cause the

processing and disposal, specialty waste disposal, ash

Company's actual results to vary materially from those

residue recycling, brokerage of recycled materials and the

forecasted or projected in any such forward-looking statement,

manufacturing of finished products, primarily consisting of

certain of which are beyond the Company's control. These

cellulose insulation manufacturing, using recyclable materials.

The company is poised to

address a broad range of waste

management challenges on

behalf of public policymakers.

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38

Effective August 1, 2000, the Company contributed its

revenues as a percentage of revenues in fiscal 1999 is

cellulose insulation assets to a joint venture with Louisiana-

primarily attributable to the impact of the Company's

Pacific, and accordingly, will recognize half of the joint

acquisition of collection businesses during these periods, as

venture's net income/(loss). The Company emphasizes the

well as to internal growth through price and business volume

use of low-cost processing to add value to the waste

increases. The decrease in the Company's collection

products delivered and, in some cases, the generation of

revenues as a percentage of revenues in fiscal 2000 is

electric power and steam. The Company operates these non-

primarily attributable to the effects of the KTI acquisition.

core businesses under four reportable line of business

Significant recycling, finished products and brokerage

segments: Waste-to-Energy, Residential Recycling,

revenues were added through that acquisition. The decrease

Commercial Recycling and Finished Products. These line of

in the Company's landfill revenues and in the Company's

business segments are reflected in the Company's revenues

transfer revenues as a percentage of revenues in fiscal 1999

as follows: Waste-to-Energy is reflected under "disposal",

is mainly due to a proportionately greater increase in

Residential Recycling is reflected under "recycling",

collection and other revenues occurring as the result of

Commercial Recycling is reflected under "recycling" and

acquisitions in those areas; also, as the Company acquires

"brokerage", and Finished Products is reflected under its own

collection businesses from which it previously had derived

line. The Company's revenues are shown net of

transfer or disposal revenues, the acquired revenues are

intercompany eliminations. The Company typically establishes

recorded by the Company as collection revenues. The

its intercompany transfer pricing based upon prevailing

increase in the Company's landfill/disposal facilities revenues

market rates.

and the Company's transfer revenues as a percentage of

The table below shows, for the periods indicated, the

revenue in fiscal 2000 is primarily attributable to the effects

percentage of the Company's revenues attributable to

of the KTI acquisition.

services provided. The increase in the Company's collection

%   O F   R E V E N U E S  
Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

Collection

Landfill/Disposal Facilities

Transfer

Recycling

Finished Products

Brokerage

Other

77.7%

10.3

4.9

5.5

0.0

0.0

1.6

1 9 9 9

80.5%

8.4

4.6

5.9

0.0

0.0

0.6

2 0 0 0

49.1%

15.1

6.4

7.5

4.2

15.1

2.6

Total Revenues

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

You can reveiw

consolidated statements of

operations for the current

and previous quarters as

well as other selected
financial data in Value.

Cost of operations includes labor, tipping fees paid to

which it may own or operate in the future. The Company has

third party disposal facilities, fuel, maintenance and repair of

provided and will in the future provide accruals for future

vehicles and equipment, worker's compensation and vehicle

financial obligations relating to closure and post-closure costs

insurance, the cost of purchasing materials to be recycled,

of its landfills (generally for a term of 30 years after final

third party transportation expense, district and state taxes,

closure of a landfill) based on engineering estimates of

host community fees and royalties. Landfill operating

consumption of permitted landfill airspace over the useful life

expenses also include a provision for closure and post-

of any such landfill. There can be no assurance that the

closure expenditures anticipated to be incurred in the future,

Company's financial obligations for closure or post-closure

and leachate treatment and disposal costs.

costs will not exceed the amount accrued and reserved or

General and administrative expenses include

amounts otherwise receivable pursuant to trust funds. The

management, clerical and administrative compensation and

Company routinely evaluates all such capitalized costs, and

overhead, professional services and costs associated with

expenses those costs related to projects not likely to be

the Company's marketing and sales force and community

successful. Internal and indirect landfill development and

relations expense.

acquisition costs, such as executive and corporate overhead,

Depreciation and amortization expense includes

public relations and other corporate services, are expensed

depreciation of fixed assets over the estimated useful life of

as incurred.

the assets using the straight-line method, amortization of landfill

airspace assets under the units-of-production method, and the

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets using the

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the

straight line method. The amount of landfill amortization

percentage relationship that certain items from the

expense related to airspace consumption can vary materially

Company's Consolidated Financial Statements bear in relation

from landfill to landfill depending upon the purchase price and

to revenues. 

landfill site and cell development costs. The Company

depreciates all fixed and intangible assets, excluding non-

REVENUES:

depreciable land, down to a zero net book value, and does not

Revenues increased approximately $154.7 million, or 84.7%

apply a salvage value to any of its fixed assets.

to $337.3 million in fiscal 2000 from $182.6 million in fiscal

Certain direct landfill development costs, such as

1999. Approximately $138.7 million of the increase was

engineering, permitting, legal, construction and other costs

attributable to the impact of businesses acquired throughout

39

directly associated with expansion of existing landfills, are

fiscal 1999 and fiscal 2000, including KTI, which was acquired

capitalized by the Company. Additionally, the Company also

in December 1999. In addition, the balance of the increase of

capitalizes certain third party expenditures related to pending

approximately $16.0 million was attributable to internal

acquisitions, such as legal and engineering. The Company will

volume and price growth, including the positive impact of

have material financial obligations relating to closure and post-

higher average recyclable commodity prices in fiscal 2000

closure costs of its existing landfills and any disposal facilities

compared to fiscal 1999.

Casella Class A common stock

is traded on the NASDAQ

market under the symbol CWST.

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%   O F   R E V E N U E S  
Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

Revenues

Cost of operations

General and administrative

Merger related costs

Depreciation and amortization

Loss on impairment of long-lived assets

Operating income

Interest expense, net

Other (income) expenses, net

Provision for income taxes

Net income before discontinued operations

and extraordinary item

Adjusted EBITDA*

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

62.3

14.6

0.2

13.9

1.1

7.9

5.1

(0.2)

1.7

1.3

22.9%

59.6

14.6

1.1

14.1

0.0

10.6

3.1

(0.2)

4.1

3.6

24.7%

62.5

12.5

0.4

11.9

0.0

12.7

4.5

0.6

3.6

4.0

24.6%

*See discussion and computation of adjusted EBITDA below

Fiscal Year Ended Arril 30, 2000 versus April 30, 1999

COST OF OPERATIONS:

GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE:

Cost of operations increased approximately $101.8 million or

General and administrative expenses increased approximately

93.5% to $210.7 million in fiscal 2000 from $108.9 million in

$15.5 million, or 58.2% to $42.1 million in fiscal 2000 from

fiscal 1999. Cost of operations as a percentage of revenues

$26.6 million in fiscal 1999. General and administrative

increased to 62.5% in fiscal 2000 from 59.6% in fiscal 1999.

expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 12.5%

The increase in cost of operations as a percentage of

in 2000 from 14.6% in fiscal 1999. The decrease in general

revenues was primarily the result of acquiring KTI's recyclable

and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues

brokerage operations, which carry high cost of operations as a

was primarily the result of acquiring KTI's recyclable

40

percentage of revenues (approximately 90%). Brokerage

brokerage operations, which carry low general and

comprised approximately 15% of the Company's revenues in

administrative costs as a percentage of revenues

fiscal 2000, versus 0% in fiscal 1999. Additionally, the finished

(approximately 6%). The general and administrative cost

products line of business carries a lower operating margin

savings from acquiring KTI also contributed to the lower

than the Company's core solid waste business operations.

general and administrative expenses as a percentage of

revenues in fiscal 2000. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MERGER-RELATED COSTS:

Merger-related costs consist of legal, engineering, accounting

and other costs associated with the various poolings of

interests consummated during fiscal 1999 and fiscal 2000.

Four such transactions occurred during fiscal 1999 and two

occurred in fiscal 2000, resulting in a decrease of $0.5 million

or 23.6%. Merger related costs as a percentage of revenues

decreased to 0.4% in fiscal 2000 from 1.1% in fiscal 1999.

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION:

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $14.5

million, or 56.4%, to $40.2 million in fiscal 2000 from $25.7

million in fiscal 1999. Depreciation and amortization expenses

as a percentage of revenue decreased to 11.9% in fiscal 2000

from 14.1% in fiscal 1999. The decrease in depreciation and

amortization expenses as a percentage of revenues was the

result of the Company's acquisition of KTI. KTI carried lower

depreciation expense as a percentage of revenues

(approximately 7%) than the Company (approximately 14.5%).

INTEREST EXPENSE, NET:

Net interest expense increased approximately $9.4 million, or

167.9% to $15.0 million in fiscal 2000 from $5.6 million in

OTHER (INCOME)/EXPENSE (INCLUDING

MINORITY INTEREST AND EQUITY IN LOSS ON

UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY):

Other (income)/expense increased $2.6 million, or 650%, to

$2.2 million in fiscal 2000 from $(0.4) million in fiscal 1999.

Other (income)/expense, as a percentage of revenues,

increased to 0.6% in fiscal 2000 from (0.2%) in fiscal 1999.

The other (income)/expense in fiscal 2000 is primarily

attributable to the loss on sale of certain assets in the fourth

quarter of fiscal 2000, and the equity loss on KTI's investment

in Oakhurst.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES:

Provision for income taxes increased $4.8 million, or 64.0%,

to $12.3 million in fiscal 2000 from $7.5 million in fiscal 1999.

Provision for income taxes, as a percentage of revenues,

decreased to 3.6% in fiscal 2000 from 4.1% in fiscal 1999.

The increase is primarily due to the Company's increase in

profitability in fiscal 2000 compared to fiscal 1999. An

additional factor causing provision for income taxes, as a

percentage of pre-tax net income to vary was poolings of

interest resulting in prior period restatements of entities not

liable for federal income tax due to Subchapter S Status.

fiscal 1999. Interest expense, net, as a percentage of

FISCAL YEAR ENDED APRIL 30, 1999 VERSUS

revenues, increased to 4.5% in 2000 from 3.1% in fiscal

1999. The increase in net interest expense as a percentage of

revenues is primarily attributable to two factors. They are as

follows: (i) higher average debt balance in fiscal 2000, versus

fiscal 1999 and (ii) the Company closed on a new $450 million

senior credit facility in December 1999 that raised the

Company's borrowing cost by approximately 200 basis points

over the Company's previous senior credit facility.

APRIL 30, 1998

REVENUES:

Revenues increased $38.9 million, or 27.1%, to $182.6

million in fiscal 1999 from $143.7 million in fiscal 1998.

41

Approximately $29.2 million of the increase was attributable

to the impact of businesses acquired throughout fiscal 1998

and fiscal 1999. In addition, approximately $9.6 million of the

increase was attributable to internal volume and price growth

On the internet

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seven days a week,

anytime you are. And it’s all
at casella.com.

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(net of the negative impact of lower average recycled

interests consummated during fiscal 1998 and 1999. One

commodity prices in fiscal 1999 compared to fiscal 1998).

such transaction occurred during fiscal 1998 and four occurred

COST OF OPERATIONS:

during fiscal 1999, resulting in an increase of $1.7 million or

573%. Merger-related costs as a percentage of revenue

Cost of operations increased approximately $19.3 million, or

increased from 0.2% in fiscal 1998 to 1.1% in fiscal 1999.

21.5%, to $108.9 million in fiscal 1999 from $89.6 million in

fiscal 1998, an increase corresponding primarily to the

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION:

Company's revenue growth described above. Cost of

operations as a percentage of revenues decreased to 59.6% in

fiscal 1999 from 62.3% in fiscal 1998. The decrease was

primarily the result of: (i) productivity improvements in the

Company's collection operations as a result of better route

density from acquisitions, routing efficiencies through route

audits and front-end loader vehicle conversions completed

throughout fiscal 1998 and 1999; (ii) margin improvements

because of price increases in fiscal 1998 and 1999 and (iii)

higher landfill internalization due to the Hyland landfill becoming

operational in July 1998.

GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE:

General and administrative expenses increased approximately

$5.7 million, or 27.3%, to $26.6 million in fiscal 1999 from

$20.9 million in fiscal 1998. General and administrative

expenses as a percentage of revenues remained constant at

14.6% from fiscal 1998 to fiscal 1999 due primarily to an

increase in management information systems spending and

public company expenditures for a full year in fiscal 1999

compared to a partial year in fiscal 1998. This increase was

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $5.7 million,

or 28.5%, to $25.7 million in fiscal 1999 from $20.0 million in

fiscal 1998. As a percentage of revenues, depreciation and

amortization expense increased to 14.1% in fiscal 1999 from

13.9% in fiscal 1998. The increase in depreciation and

amortization expense as a percentage of revenues was

primarily the result of: (i) higher rates of disposal internalization

due to the opening of the Hyland landfill, (ii) higher landfill

volumes in fiscal 1999 compared to fiscal 1998, resulting in

higher landfill amortization expense, and (iii) front-end loader

conversions resulting in double container depreciation charges

at certain locations.

LOSS ON IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS:

The Company recognized losses on impairment of long-lived

assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998 in the amount of

$1.6 million. The impairment charges were non-cash charges to

write down the assets of the Company's waste tire processing

facility in Eliot, Maine and the Grasslands composting facility in

Malone, New York to their fair market values as of April 30,

42

substantially offset by two acquisitions accounted for using the

1998.

pooling of interest method. These acquisitions had relatively low

general and administrative costs as a percentage of revenue.

INTEREST EXPENSE, NET:

MERGER-RELATED COSTS:

24.3%, to $5.6 million in fiscal 1999 from $7.4 million in fiscal

Merger-related costs consists of legal, engineering, accounting

1998. This decrease primarily reflects decreased average

and other costs associated with the various poolings of

indebtedness in fiscal 1999, resulting from debt payoffs

Net interest expense decreased approximately $1.8 million, or

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
following the public stock offerings in October 1997 and July

The Company has a $450 million revolving line of credit

1998, from the increased use of the Company's Class A

with a group of banks for which BankBoston, N.A. is acting

Common Stock in effecting acquisitions, and from improved

as agent. This line of credit consists of a $300 million Senior

collections efforts. Days sales in accounts receivable was

Secured Revolving Credit Facility ("Revolver") and a $150

45.3 at April 30, 1999 compared to 50.3 at April 30, 1998.

million Senior Secured Delayed Draw Term "B" Loan ("Term

The Company capitalized a total of $0.5 million in interest

Loan"). This line of credit is secured by all assets of the

expense in fiscal 1999, compared to a total of $.1 million in

Company, including the Company's interest in the equity

fiscal 1998.

OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET:

Net other (income) expense was not material to the

Company's results of operations in fiscal 1998 and 1999.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES:

Provision for income taxes increased approximately $5.0

million, or 200.0%, to $7.5 million in fiscal 1999 from $2.5

million in fiscal 1998. This increase reflects the Company's

increase in profitability in fiscal 1999 compared to fiscal 1998.

The other primary factors causing income tax expense as a

percentage of pre-tax net income to vary were: (i) the recording

of a fixed asset impairment charge in fiscal 1998 which was

non-deductible for income tax purposes and (ii) poolings of

interests resulting in prior period restatements of entities not

liable for federal income tax due to Subchapter S status. 

securities of its subsidiaries. The Revolver matures in

December 2004 and the Term Loan matures in December

2006. Funds available to the Company under the line of credit

were $71.1 million at April 30, 2000.

On June 28, 2000, the Company entered into an

agreement with Berkshire Partners pursuant to which it

agreed to sell Berkshire redeemable convertible preferred

stock, which is convertible into the Company's Class A

Common Stock at $14.00 per share. The Company expects

to raise approximately $55.8 million in the transaction, which

is expected to close in August 2000.

The Company believes that its cash provided internally

from operations together with the Company's available credit

facilities and the preferred stock financing should enable it to

meet its needs for working capital for the next twelve months.

Net cash provided by operations for the fiscal years

ended April 30, 2000 and April 30, 1999 was $41.6 million

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

and $37.7 million, respectively. The increase was primarily

The Company's business is capital intensive. The Company's

due to the increase in the Company's net income for the

capital requirements include acquisitions, fixed asset

fiscal year 2000, net of non-cash depreciation and

purchases and capital expenditures for landfill development,

amortization expense, which was partially offset by an

43

cell construction, and site and cell closure. Because of these

increase in net working capital.

needs the Company has in the past had working capital

Net cash provided by operations in fiscal 1999

deficits. The Company had positive net working capital of

increased to $37.7 million from $21.1 million in fiscal 1998

$84.3 million at April 30, 2000 compared to $6.1 million

primarily due to increases in net income, net of non-cash

positive net working capital at April 30, 1999.

depreciation and amortization expense.

Our residential collection and

recycling operations provide an

important and necessary

community service – helping

communities meet their public

responsibility to provide safe

and environmentally sound

waste management.

For fiscal 2000 and fiscal 1999, cash used in investing

general economy in this geographic region and other factors

activities was $156.3 million and $96.0 million, respectively. The

affecting the region such as state regulations and severe

increase in investing activities reflects the Company's capital

weather conditions. The Company is unable to forecast or

expenditure and capital needs for acquisitions which have

determine the timing and/or the future impact of a sustained

increased significantly, reflecting the Company's rapid growth by

economic slowdown. 

acquisition and development of revenue producing assets. The

Company's cash needs to fund investing activities are expected

to increase further as the Company continues to complete

YEAR 2000 ISSUES

As of the date of this filing, the Company has not incurred any

acquisitions. For fiscal 1998, cash used in investing activities was

significant business disruptions as a result of Year 2000 issues. 

$61.3 million.

For fiscal 2000 and fiscal 1999, the Company's financing

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

activities provided cash of $119.4 million and $59.2 million,

In June 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board

respectively. Net cash provided by financing activities was $40.7

("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards

million in the fiscal year ended April 30, 1998. The net cash

No. 137, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging

provided by financing activities in the fiscal years ended April 30,

Activities-Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No.

2000 and 1999 primarily reflects the net proceeds of the

133". SFAS No. 137 amends FASB Statement of Financial

Company's secondary public stock offering and borrowings on

Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative

the Company's credit facility, offset by repayments. Net cash

Instruments and Hedging Activities", by deferring the effective

provided by financing activities in fiscal 1998 reflects primarily

date of SFAS No. 133 to fiscal years beginning after June 15,

bank borrowings and seller subordinated notes, less principal

2000. SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting

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payments on debt.

INFLATION AND PREVAILING ECONOMIC
CONDITIONS

To date, inflation has not had a significant impact on the

Company's operations. Consistent with industry practice, most

of the Company's contracts provide for a pass through of certain

costs, including increases in landfill tipping fees and, in some

44

cases, fuel costs. The Company therefore believes it should be

able to implement price increases sufficient to offset most cost

increases resulting from inflation. However, competitive factors

may require the Company to absorb at least a portion of these

standards requiring that every derivative instrument (including

certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) be

recorded in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability

measured at its fair value. SFAS No. 133 requires that changes

in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings

unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. The Company

will adopt SFAS No. 133 beginning May 1, 2001. The Company

has yet to quantify the impacts of adopting SFAS No. 133 on its

financial statements and has not determined the timing or

method of adoption. However, SFAS No. 133 could increase

volatility in earnings and other comprehensive income. 

cost increases, particularly during periods of high inflation.

ADJUSTED EBITDA

The Company's business is located in the eastern United

Adjusted EBITDA represents operating income (earnings before

States. Therefore, the Company's business, financial condition

interest and taxes, or "EBIT") plus depreciation and amortization

and results of operations are susceptible to downturns in the

expense and loss on impairment of long-lived assets.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On the internet

Links to past and future

SEC filings can and will be
found in Value under
Financial Tools and in
the Library.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance

the KTI acquisition we assume certain obligations to finance

under generally accepted accounting principles, but is

and support a tire recycling joint venture. We cannot assure

provided because the Company understands that certain

you that the joint venture will achieve projected financial

investors use this information when analyzing the financial

results or not divert management resources.

position and performance of the Company.

CERTAIN FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT 

FUTURE RESULTS

The following important factors, among others, could cause

OUR INCREASED LEVERAGE MAY IMPACT OUR

ABILITY TO MAKE FUTURE ACQUISITIONS.

actual results to differ materially from those indicated by

As a result of the acquisition of KTI and the increase in our

forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-K and

credit facility, our indebtedness has increased substantially.

presented elsewhere by management from time to time.

This increased indebtedness has resulted in increased

WE MAY EXPERIENCE DIFFICULTIES INTEGRATING

results. In addition, the aggregate amount of indebtedness has

KTI'S OPERATIONS AND ASSETS.

limited and may continue to limit the Company's ability to incur

We acquired KTI on December 14, 1999. Since that time, we

additional indebtedness, and thereby may limit the Company's

have experienced difficulties in integrating the operations of

ongoing acquisition program.

borrowing costs, which have adversely impacted our operating

KTI and these difficulties have caused us to revise our

publicly disclosed projections. There can be no assurance

that we will not continue to experience difficulties in

WE MAY NOT BE SUCCESSFUL IN MAKING

ACQUISITIONS, WHICH COULD AFFECT OUR

integrating KTI's operations effectively and that the acquisition

FUTURE GROWTH.

will result in the synergies and other benefits anticipated by

Our strategy envisions that a substantial part of our future

the two companies. Among other matters, in connection with

growth will come from making acquisitions consistent with our

F I S C A L Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0   ( R E S T AT E D )

Operating income

Depreciation and amortization

Loss on impairment of long-lived assets (1)

1998

$11,383

19,959

1,571

1999

$19,391

25,725

0

2000

$42,800

40,211

0

45

Adjusted EBITDA

$32,913

$45,116

$83,011

EBITDA as a percentage of revenues

22.9%

24.7%

24.6%

(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Analysis of the factors contributing to the change in EBITDA 

is included in the discussions above.

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46

strategy. There can be no assurance that we will be able to

additional capital resources on terms satisfactory to us, if at

identify suitable acquisition candidates and, once identified, to

all, in order to meet our capital requirements. We also believe

negotiate successfully their acquisition at a price or on terms

that a significant factor in our ability to close acquisitions will

and conditions favorable to us, or to integrate the operations

be the attractiveness of our Class A Common Stock as

of such acquired businesses with our operations. Certain of

consideration for potential acquisition candidates. This

these acquisitions may be of significant size and may include

attractiveness may, in large part, be dependent upon the

assets that are outside our geographic territories or are

relative market price and capital appreciation prospects of our

ancillary to our core business strategy. In addition, due to the

Class Common Stock compared to the equity securities of

increased consolidation of the solid waste industry and our

our competitors. The recent declines in the market price of our

current size, we cannot assure you that we will be able to

Class A Common Stock could materially adversely affect our

make acquisitions in the future at a rate consistent with our

acquisition program. 

historical growth rate.

WE ARE DEPENDENT ON THE MEMBERS OF OUR

SUBJECT US TO FINES, PENALTIES AND

SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM.

LIMITATIONS ON OUR ABILITY TO EXPAND

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS COULD

We are highly dependent upon the services of the members

We are subject to potential liability and restrictions under

of our senior management team, the loss of any of whom

environmental laws. Our waste-to-energy and manufacturing

may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial

facilities are subject to regulations limiting discharges of

condition and results of operations. In addition, our future

pollution into the air and water, and the solid waste operations

success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire,

are subject to a wide range of Federal, state and, in some

train, motivate and retain highly trained personnel. We may be

cases, local environmental and land use restrictions. If we are

in default under our credit facility if either John Casella or

not able to comply with the requirements that apply to a

James Bohlig ceases to be employed by us.

particular facility, we could be subject to fines and penalties,

and we may be required to spend large amounts to bring an

OUR ABILITY TO MAKE ACQUISITIONS IS DEPENDENT

operation into compliance or to temporarily or permanently

ON THE AVAILABILITY OF ADEQUATE CASH AND

THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF OUR STOCK PRICE.

stop an operation that is not permitted under the law. Those

costs or actions could have a material adverse effect upon

We anticipate that any future business acquisitions will be

our business, financial condition and results of operations.

financed through cash from operations, borrowings under our

Environmental and land use laws also can have an

bank line of credit, the issuance of shares of our Class A

impact on whether our operations can expand and, in the

Common Stock and/or seller financing. There can be no

case of our solid waste operations, may dictate those

assurance that we will have sufficient existing capital

geographic areas from which we must, or, from which we may

resources, that our stock price will be sufficiently attractive for

not, accept waste. The waste management industry has been

use in an acquisition or that we will be able to raise sufficient

and likely will continue to be subject to regulation, as well as

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
to attempts to regulate the industry through new legislation.

sites or expanding the permitted capacity of any of our current

Those regulations and laws also may limit the overall size and

landfills once their remaining disposal capacity has been

daily waste volume that may be accepted by a solid waste

consumed.

operation. If we are not able to expand or otherwise operate

one or more of our facilities profitably because of limits

OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COULD BE

imposed under environmental laws, we may be required to

ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY CHANGING PRICES OR

increase our utilization of disposal facilities owned by third

MARKET REQUIREMENTS FOR RECYCLABLE

parties, and if so, our business, financial condition and results

MATERIALS

of operation could suffer a material adverse effect.

Our results of operations may be materially adversely affected

We have grown through acquisitions, and we have tried

by changing purchase or resale prices or market requirements

to evaluate and address environmental risks and liabilities

for recyclable materials. Our recycling business involves the

presented by newly acquired businesses as we have identified

purchase and sale of recyclable materials, some of which are

them. It is possible that some liabilities, including ones that

priced on a commodity basis. The resale and purchase prices

may exist only because of the past operations of an acquired

of, and market demand for, recyclable materials, particularly

business, may prove to be more difficult or costly to address

wastepaper, plastic and ferrous and aluminum metals, can be

than we anticipate. It is also possible that government officials

volatile due to numerous factors beyond our control. These

responsible for enforcing environmental laws may believe an

changes have in the past contributed, and may continue to

issue is more serious than we would expect, or that we will fail

contribute, to significant variability in our period-to-period

to identify or fully appreciate a historic liability before we

results of operations.

become legally responsible to address it. Some of the legal

Some of our subsidiaries involved in the recycling

sanctions to which we could become subject could cause us

business use long-term supply contracts with customers with

to lose a needed permit, or prevent us from or delay us in

floor price arrangements to minimize the commodity risk for

obtaining or renewing permits to operate our facilities. The

recyclable materials, particularly wastepaper and aluminum

number, size and nature of those liabilities could have a

metals. Under these contracts, our subsidiaries obtain a

material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions

guaranteed minimum floor price for the recyclable materials

and results of operations.

along with a commitment to receive additional amounts if the

Our operating program depends on our ability to operate

current market price rises above the minimum price. These

and expand the landfills we own and lease and to develop new

contracts are generally with large domestic companies, which

47

landfill sites. Several of our landfills are subject to local laws

use the recyclable materials in their manufacturing processes.

purporting to regulate their expansion and other aspects of

Any failure to continue to secure long-term supply contracts

their operations. There can be no assurance that the laws

with minimum price arrangements, or a breach by customers

adopted by municipalities in which our landfills are located will

of one or more of these contracts could reduce our recycling

not have a material adverse effect on our utilization of our

revenues and have a material adverse effect on our business,

landfills or that we will be successful in obtaining new landfill

financial condition and results of operations.

In an activity where the capital

and skill requirements are high,

not every company is willing or

able to make the necessary

investments to respond to

competition in the marketplace.

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THE SEASONALITY OF OUR REVENUES COULD

vertically in these markets. We cannot assure you that we will

ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION

complete enough acquisitions in other markets to lessen our

Future seasonal fluctuations in our revenues could have a

regional geographic concentration. 

material adverse effect on our business, financial condition

and results of operations. Our revenues have historically been

lower during the months of November through March. This

seasonality reflects the lower volume of solid waste during

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO EFFECTIVELY COMPETE

IN THE HIGHLY COMPETITIVE SOLID WASTE

SERVICES INDUSTRY

the late fall, winter and early spring months resulting primarily

The solid waste services industry is highly competitive, is

from the volume of solid waste relating to construction and

undergoing a period of increasingly rapid consolidation, and

demolition activities decreasing substantially during the winter

requires substantial labor and capital resources. Some of the

months in the northeastern United States; and decreased

markets in which we compete or will likely compete are

tourism in Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire and eastern New

served by one or more of the large national or multinational

York during the winter months, which tends to lower the

volume of solid waste generated by commercial and

restaurant customers, which is only partially offset by the

winter ski industry.

solid waste companies, as well as numerous regional and

local solid waste companies. Intense competition exists not

only to provide services to customers, but also to acquire

other businesses within each market. Some of our

Since some of our operating and fixed costs remain

competitors have significantly greater financial and other

constant throughout the fiscal year, our operating income is

seasonally impacted. In addition, particularly harsh weather

resources than us. From time to time, competitors may

reduce the price of their services in an effort to expand

conditions could result in increased operating costs for some

market share or to win a competitively bid municipal contract.

of our operations.

These practices may either require us to reduce the pricing of

our services or result in our loss of business. As is generally

OUR BUSINESS IS GEOGRAPHICALLY

the case in the industry, municipal contracts are subject to

CONCENTRATED AND IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO

periodic competitive bidding. There can be no assurance that

REGIONAL ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS

we will be the successful bidder to obtain or retain these

Our operations and customers are principally located in the

contracts. If we are unable to compete with larger and better

eastern United States. Therefore, our business, financial

capitalized companies, or to replace municipal contracts lost

48

condition and results of operations are susceptible to regional

through the competitive bidding process with comparable

economic downturns and other regional factors, including

contracts or other revenue sources within a reasonable time

state regulations and severe weather conditions. In addition,

period, our business, financial condition and results of

as we expand in our existing markets, opportunities for

operations could be materially adversely affected.

growth within these regions will become more limited. The

In our solid waste disposal markets, we also compete

costs and time involved in permitting and the scarcity of

with operators of alternative disposal and recycling facilities

available landfills will make it difficult for us to expand

and with counties, municipalities and solid waste districts that

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
More information

A complete, convenient,

tear-out guide to our

internet resources is

located at the end of this

10K.

maintain their own waste collection, recycling and disposal

necessary to respond to peak demands, is expected to be

operations. These entities may have financial advantages

approximately $1.2 million. We have closed the third steam

because user fees or similar charges, tax revenues and tax-

generating plant, which sold all of its output to a customer

exempt financing may be more available to them than to us.

which has filed for bankruptcy. The termination of the contract

Our finished products divisions and our insulation

with du Pont or any of the significant customers who

manufacturing joint venture with Louisiana-Pacific compete

purchase steam from our subsidiary or its subsidiary could

with other parties, some of which have substantially greater

have a material adverse effect on our business, financial

resources than we do, which they could use for product

condition and results of operations.

development, marketing or other purposes to our detriment.

OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL

ONE OF OUR SUBSIDIARIES SELLS ITS ENTIRE

CONDITION MAY BE NEGATIVELY AFFECTED IF

OUTPUT TO A FEW CUSTOMERS AND LACKS THE

WE INADEQUATELY ACCRUE FOR CLOSURE AND

CAPACITY TO MEET ALL OF ITS COMMITMENTS

POST-CLOSURE COSTS

One of our subsidiaries operates three steam generating

We have material financial obligations relating to closure and

plants, one of which produces steam for a facility owned by

post-closure costs of our existing landfills and will have

E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company under a five-year

material financial obligations with respect to any disposal

contract expiring on May 30, 2003. Du Pont has significantly

facilities which we may own or operate in the future. In

reduced operations at this facility, and has the option to

addition to the landfills we currently operate, we own four

terminate the contract upon payment of a termination fee.

unlined landfills which are not currently in operation. We have

The second plant produces steam for an industrial park.

provided and will in the future provide accruals for financial

Approximately 85% of the steam produced by the plant is

obligations relating to closure and post-closure costs of our

purchased by one customer under a contract that may not be

owned or operated landfills, generally for a term of 30 years

terminated by the customer except for cause, and the

after final closure of a landfill. We cannot assure you that our

balance is sold to ten customers under contracts which

financial obligations for closure or post-closure costs will not

provide that our subsidiary may elect not to supply steam.

exceed the amount accrued and reserved or amounts

Currently, maximum contracted capacity for all customers for

otherwise receivable pursuant to trust funds established for

steam exceeds the maximum rated capacity that may be

this purpose. Such a circumstance could result in

produced by this plant. Actual demand, however, has not

unanticipated charges and have a material adverse effect on

49

exceeded the maximum rated capacity. If actual demand

our business, financial condition and results of operations.

grows, the plant may need to install equipment to respond to

peak demands, as well as equipment which may be

necessary to allow the plant to meet stricter air quality

standards, which may be adopted in the near future. The cost

of this air quality equipment, not including the equipment

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WE COULD BE PRECLUDED FROM ENTERING

expenditures and advances, net of any portion thereof that

INTO CONTRACTS OR OBTAINING PERMITS IF WE

we estimate will be recoverable, through sale or otherwise,

ARE UNABLE TO OBTAIN THIRD PARTY FINANCIAL

relating to (a) any operation that is permanently shut down or

ASSURANCE TO SECURE OUR CONTRACTUAL

OBLIGATIONS

has not generated or is not expected to generate sufficient

cash flow, (b) any pending acquisition that is not

Municipal solid waste collection and recycling contracts,

consummated and (c) any landfill or development project that

obligations associated with landfill closure and the operation

is not expected to be successfully completed. We have

and closure of waste-to-energy facilities may require

incurred such charges in the past.

performance or surety bonds, letters of credit or other means

of financial assurance to secure our contractual performance.

OUR CLASS B COMMON STOCK HAS TEN VOTES

If we are unable to obtain the necessary financial assurance in

PER SHARE AND IS HELD EXCLUSIVELY BY JOHN

sufficient amounts or at acceptable rates, we could be

W. CASELLA AND DOUGLAS R. CASELLA

precluded from entering into additional municipal solid waste

The holders of our Class B Common Stock are entitled to ten

collection contracts or from obtaining or retaining landfill

votes per share and the holders of our Class A Common

operating permits. Any future difficulty in obtaining insurance

Stock are entitled to one vote per share. At July 21, 2000, an

could also impair our ability to secure future contracts

aggregate of 988,200 shares of our Class B Common Stock,

conditioned upon the contractor having adequate insurance

representing 9,882,000 votes, were outstanding, all of which

coverage. Accordingly, our failure to obtain financial

were beneficially owned by John W. Casella, our President

assurance bonds, letters of credit or other means of financial

and Chief Executive Officer, or by his brother, Douglas R.

assurance or to maintain adequate insurance could have a

material adverse effect on our business, financial condition

and results of operations.

Casella, a Director. Based on the number of shares of

common stock outstanding at July 21, 2000, the shares of

our Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock

held by John W. Casella and Douglas R. Casella represent

WE MAY BE REQUIRED TO WRITE-OFF

approximately 34.7% of the aggregate voting power of our

CAPITALIZED CHARGES IN THE FUTURE, WHICH

stockholders. Consequently, John W. Casella and Douglas R.

COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR EARNINGS

Casella will be able to substantially influence all matters for

Any charge against earnings could have a material adverse

stockholder consideration.

50

effect on our earnings and the market price of our Class A

Common Stock. In accordance with generally accepted

accounting principles, we capitalize certain expenditures and

advances relating to our acquisitions, pending acquisitions,

Item 7a. Quantitative and        
Qualitative Discloser 
About Market Risk

landfills and development projects. From time to time in future

The Company is subject to interest rate fluctuation risk with

periods, we may be required to incur a charge against

regards to its variable rate revolving credit facility. To modify the

earnings in an amount equal to any unamortized capitalized

risk from these possible interest-rate fluctuations, the

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Throughout our service areas,

we are helping to build the

infrastructure that will support

communities, industries, and

business’ efforts to meet their

waste management challenges.

Company enters into hedging transactions that have been

consolidated balance sheets of Casella Waste Systems, Inc.

authorized pursuant to the Company's policies and procedures.

(a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of April 30, 1999

The Company does not use financial instruments for trading

and 2000, and the related consolidated statements of

purposes and is not a party to any leveraged derivatives.

operations, redeemable preferred stock, redeemable put

In April 2000, the Company entered into two three-year

warrants and stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of

interest rate swap agreements (the "Swap Agreements") with

the three years ended April 30, 2000. These financial

two banks. The purpose was to effectively convert a portion

statements are the responsibility of the Company's

of the Company's interest rate exposure on advances under

management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on

its revolving credit facility from a floating rate to a fixed rate.

these financial statements based on our audits.

The Swap Agreements effectively fix the Company's interest

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing

rate on the notional amount of $100 million, $50 million is

standards generally accepted in the United States. Those

fixed at 6.875% and $50 million is swapped in a collar

standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain

arrangement with interest between 6.28% and 9.0%. Net

reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements

monthly payments or monthly receipts under the Swap

are free of material misstatement. An audit includes

Agreements are recorded as adjustments to interest

examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts

expense. The Company also has an existing, five year Swap

and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also

Agreement which fixes the Company's interest rate on the

includes assessing the accounting principles used and

notional amount $45 million. The rate is fixed at 5.2% and

significant estimates made by management, as well as

expires in January 2001. In addition, in the event of

evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We

nonperformance by the counterparty, the Company would be

believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our

exposed to interest rate risk on the entire balance in the

opinion.

event the variable interest rate paid was to exceed the fixed

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above

rate paid under the terms of the Swap Agreements. If interest

present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of

rates changed by 100 basis points, the impact on the

Casella Waste Systems, Inc. and subsidiaries as of April 30,

Company would be an increase or decrease in annual interest

1999 and 2000, and the results of their operations and their

expense of approximately $1.5 million.

cash flows for each of the three years ended April 30, 2000,

in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in

Item 8. Financial Statements and

Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC

ACCOUNTANTS

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of Casella Waste

Systems, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying

the United States. 

ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
/s/ Arthur Andersen LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
June 30, 2000

51

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52

C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands)

A S S E T S

A P R I L   3 0 ,   1 9 9 9

A P R I L   3 0 ,   2 0 0 0

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash

Accounts Receivable - trade, net of allowance

for doubtful accounts of $1,430 and $6,247

Accounts Receivable - Other

Notes Receivable - Officers/Employees

Prepaid Expenses

Inventory

Investments

Deferred Income Taxes

Other Current Assets

Total Current Assets

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, at Cost:

Land and Land Held for Investment

Landfills

Landfill Development

Buildings and Improvements

Machinery and Equipment

Rolling Stock

Containers

Less - Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

OTHER ASSETS:

Intangible Assets, net

Restricted Cash

Investment in OCI/New Heights

Other Non-Curent Assets

$4,232

626

22,815

-

-

3,528

889

-

1,016

3,188

36,294

7,258

50,736

7,559

24,727

23,653

57,487

26,679

198,099

(67,023)

131,076

104,199

4,834

-

5,726

114,759

$282,129

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

$8,864

17,609

80,720

14,429

2,095

5,929

10,986

5,156

12,730

10,299

168,817

11,784

64,254

10,353

45,494

230,852

78,740

34,761

476,238

(97,152)

379,086

294,283

10,881

14,695

4,415

324,274

$872,177

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands except for per share data)

L I A B I L I T I E S   A N D   S T O C K H O L D E R ’ S   E Q U I T Y

A P R I L   3 0 ,   1 9 9 9

A P R I L   3 0 ,   2 0 0 0

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt

Current Maturities of Capital Lease Obligations

Accounts Payable

Accrued Payroll and Related Expenses

Accured Intrest

Accured Income Taxes

Accrued Closure and Postclosure Costs, Current Portion

Deferred Revenue

Other Current Liabilities

Total Current Liabilities

Long-Term Debt, Less Current Maturities

Capital Lease Obligations, Less Current Maturities

Deferred Income Taxes

Accured Closure and Post-Closure Costs, Less Current Maturities

Minority Interests

Other Long-Term Liabilities

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

Class A Common Stock -

Authorized - 100,000,000 Shares, $0.01 par value Issued and Outstanding - 

14,869,000 and 22,215,000 Shares as of April 30, 1999 and 2000, respectively

Class B Common Stock -

Authorized - 1,000,000 Shares, $.01 par value 10 Votes per Share

Issued and Outstanding -988,000 Shares as of April 30, 1999 and 2000

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Additional Paid-In Capital

Retained Earnings/(Accumulated Deficit)

Total Stockholders’ Equity

$5,344

402

17,883

857

167

-

330

2,648

2,546

30,177

86,739

1,454

5,710

9,677

-

394

149

10

-

154,733

(6,914)

147,978

$8,367

788

43,335

5,536

3,994

3,766

259

3,317

15,153

84,515

440,804

3,748

30,948

12,017

16,378

9,049

222

10

(305)

270,655

4,136

274,718

53

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

$282,129

$872,177

C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statement of Operations (in thousands)

F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

0

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Revenues

Operating Expenses:

Cost of Operations

General and Administration

Depreciation and Amortization

Merger-Related Costs

Loss on Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Operating Income

Other (Income)/Expense:

Interest Income

Interest Expense

Minority Interest

Equity in Loss of OCI/New Heights

Other Expense/(Income)

Other Expenses, net

Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes, 

Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

Provision for Income Taxes

Income from Continuing Operations Before

Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

Discontinued Operations:

Loss from Discontinued Operations, net of Income Taxes

Estimated Loss on Disposal of Discontinued Operations, 

net of Income Taxes

$143,711

$182,557

$337,347

89,582

20,926

19,959

290

1,571

132,328

11,383

(265)

7,638

-

-

(337)

7,036

4,347

2,512

1,835

-

-

-

1,835

(5,738)

108,874

26,616

25,725

1,951

-

163,166

19,391

(77)

5,641

-

-

(352)

5,212

14,179

7,531

210,730

42,116

40,211

1,490

-

294,547

42,800

(1,307)

16,341

502

1,062

(601)

17,199

25,601

12,258

6,648

13,343

(33)

-

-

6,615

-

(269)

(1,393)

(631)

11,050

-

54

Extraordinary Item - Early Extinguishment of Debt, net of Income Taxes

Net Income

Accretion of Preferred Stock and Put Warrants

Net Income/(Loss) Applicable to Common Stockholders

$(3,903)

$(6,615)

$11,050

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands except for share and per share data)

F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Earnings Per Common Share:

Basic:

Income/(Loss) from Continuing Operations 

Before Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

$(0.41)

Loss on/from Discontinued Operations

Extraordinary Item

Net Income/(Loss) per Common Share

Basic Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding

-

-

$(0.41)

9,547

Diluted:

Income/(Loss) from Continuing Operations

Before Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

$(0.41)

Loss on/from Discontinued Operations

Extraordinary Item

Net Income/(Loss) per Common Share

Diluted Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding

-

-

$(0.41)

9,547

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

$0.44

-

-

$0.44

15,145

$0.41

-

-

$0.41

16,019

$0.71

$(0.09)

$(0.03)

$0.59

18,731

$0.69

$(0.09)

$(0.03)

$0.57

19,272

55

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C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Preferred Stock, Redeemable Put Warrants and Stockholders Equity (deficit) (in thousands)

R E D E E M A B L E   P R E F E R R E D   S T O C K

SERIES A

SERIES B

SERIES C

SERIES D

Number
of Shares

Liquidation
Value

Number
of Shares

Liquidation
Value

Number
of Shares

Liquidation
Value

Number
of Shares

Liquidation
Value

Balance, April 30, 1997 

517 

$3,638

1,295 

$9,118 

424 

$2,221 

1,922 

$16,449

Issuance of Class A Common Stock-Net of Issuance Costs

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Various Acquistions- 

Net of Retirements

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection 

with Exercise of Warrants/Options

Exercise and Call of Redeemable Put Warrants

Accretion of Preferred Stock and Issuance Costs 

707 

1,770 

749 

2,287

Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock 

(517) 

(4,345) 

(1,295) 

(10,888)

(1,922) 

(18,736)

Redemption of Manditorily Redeemable Preferred Stock 

(424)

(2,970)

Conversion of Class B Common into Class A

Equity Transactions/Adjustments to Poolings

Net Income

Balance, April 30, 1998

Issuance of Class A Common Stock-Net of Issuance Costs

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with

Exercise of Warrants/Options

Tax Benefit of Stock Options Exercised

Equity Transactions/Adjustments to Poolings

Net Income

Balance, April 30, 1999 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock and Stock Options - 

KTI Acquisition

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with

Exercise of Warrants/Options

Equity transactions of Majority- Owned Subsidiary

- 

$ -

- 

$ -

- 

$ - 

- 

$ --

-

$ -

- 

$ - 

- 

$ -

- 

$ -

56

Comprehensive Income

Net Income

Unrealized Loss on Securites

Total Comprehensive Income

Balance, April 30, 2000 - 

- 

$ -

- 

$ -

- 

$ -

- 

$ -

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Preferred Stock, Redeemable Put Warrants and Stockholder’s Equity (in thousands)

S T O C K H O L D E R S ’   E Q U I T Y

CLASS A COMMON STOCK

CLASS B COMMON STOCK

Redeemable Put Warrants

# of Shares

Par Value

# of Shares

Par Value

Balance, April 30, 1997 

$400 

5,093 

Issuance of Class A CommonStock-Net of Issuance Costs 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Various Acquistions-

Net of Retirements

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options 

Exercise and Call of Redeemable Put Warrants 

(400) 

3,000 

103 

192 

25

$51

30

1

2

1,000 

$10

Accretion of Preferred Stock and Issuance Costs

Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock 

Redemption of Manditorily Redeemable Preferred Stock

Conversion of Class B Common into Class A 

Equity Transactions/ Adjustments to Poolings

Net Income

3,733 

38

12 

(12)

Balance, April 30, 1998 

$ --

12,158

$122 

988 

$10

Issuance of Class A Common Stock-Net of Issuance Costs 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options 

Tax Benefit of Stock Options Exercised

Equity Transactions/Adjustments to Poolings 

Net Income

2,061 

582 

68 

20

6

1

Balance, April 30, 1999 

$ -- 

14,869

$149 

988 

$10

Issuance of Class A Common Stock and Stock Options -

KTI Acquisition 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options 

Equity transactions of Majority- Owned Subsidiary

Comprehensive Income

Net Income

Unrealized Loss on Securites

Total Comprehensive Income

7,152 

194

72

1

57

Balance, April 30, 2000 

$ -- 

22,215

$222 

988

$10

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Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Preferred Stock, Redeemable Put Warrants and Stockholder’s Equity (in thousands)

S T O C K H O L D E R S ’   E Q U I T Y

Balance, April 30, 1997 

$11,661 

$(8,099) 

$ - 

$3,623

Additional
Paid-in Capital

Retained Earnings 
(Accumulated Deficit)

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive (Loss)-

Total Stock
Holders' Equity

Issuance of Class A Common Stock-Net of Issuance Costs 

48,428 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Various Acquistions-

Net of Retirements 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options 

Exercise and Call of Redeemable Put Warrants 

Accretion of Preferred Stock and Issuance Costs 

1,599 

716 

250 

Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock 

33,932 

Redemption of Manditorily Redeemable Preferred Stock 

Conversion of Class B Common into Class A

Equity Transactions/Adjustments to Poolings 

(188) 

Net Income 

(225)

(5,513) 

(764) 

1,835 

48,458

1,600

718

25

(5,513)

33,970

-

-

(952)

1,835

Balance, April 30, 1998 

$96,398 

$(12,766) 

$ - 

$83,764

Issuance of Class A Common Stock-Net of Issuance Costs 

52,211 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options

Tax Benefit of Stock Options Exercised 

Equity Transactions/Adjustments to Poolings 

Net Income 

3,805 

2,220 

99 

(763) 

6,615 

52,231

3,811

2,220

(663)

6,615

Balance, April 30, 1999 

$154,733 

$(6,914) 

$ - 

$147,978

Issuance of Class A Common Stock and Stock Options -

KTI Acquisition 

Issuance of Class A Common Stock in Connection with 

Exercise of Warrants/Options 

58

Equity transactions of Majority- - Owned Subsidiary 

113,788 

859 

1,275 

Comprehensive Income

Net Income 

Unrealized Loss on Securites

Total Comprehensive Income 

11,050

(305) 

113,860

860

1,275

-

-

10,745

Balance, April 30, 2000 

$270,655 

$  4,136 

$(305) 

$274,718

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands)

S T O C K H O L D E R S ’   E Q U I T Y

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

Net Income

$1,835

$6,615

$11,050

FISCAL YEAR ENDED APRIL 30,

1998

1999

2000

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income 

to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities -

Depreciation and Amortization 

Loss on/from Discontinued Operations - 

Extraordinary Item

Loss on Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

(Gain)/Loss on Sale of Fixed Assets

Provision for Deferred Income Taxes

Minority Interest

Non-Cash Employee Compensation

Changes in Assets and Liabilities, net of Effects of Acquisitions -

Accounts Receivable

Deferred Income Taxes

Accounts Payable

Accrued Closure and Post-Closure Costs

Other Current Assets and Liabilities

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

Acquisitions, Net of Cash Acquired

Additions to Property and Equipment

Proceeds from Sale of Equipment

Restricted Funds

Advances to Unconsolidated Subsidiary

Other

19,959

-

1,571

(335)

2,237

-

60

(1,819)

(474)

1,486

(1,763)

(1,678)

19,244

21,079

(35,793)

(29,416)

1,182

698

-

2,066

25,725

33 

-

-

3

1,647

-

-

(1,754)

(1,089)

4,349

2,099

99

31,112

37,727

(33,336)

(54,118)

587

(1,291)

-

(7,818)

40,211

1,662

631

-

840

4,094

502

-

(14,186)

7,845

(2,498)

2,269

(10,385)

30,535

41,585

(81,838)

(69,455)

1,317

(375)

(5,580)

(412)

59

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

(61,263)

(95,976)

(156,343)

CONTINUED

C A S E L L A   W A S T E   S Y S T E M S ,   I N C .   A N D   S U B S I D I A R I E S

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands)

S T O C K H O L D E R S ’   E Q U I T Y

CONTINUED

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock

Proceeds from Equity Transactions of Majority- Owned Subsidiary

Proceeds from Exercise of Stock Warrants/Options

Equity Transactions of Pooled Entities

Call of Redeemable Put Warrants

Redemption of Series C Preferred Stock

Proceeds from Long-Term Borrowings

Principal Payments on Long-Term Debt

1998

48,455

-

869

(887)

(525)

(2,970)

162,356

(166,625)

FISCAL YEAR ENDED APRIL 30,
1999

52,231

-

3,811

193

-

-

73,728

(70,809)

2000

-

1,275

860

-

-

-

423,955

(306,700)

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

40,673

59,154

119,390

Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Year

489

2,838

905

3,327

4,632

4,232

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Year

$3,327

$4,232

$8,864

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:

Cash Paid During the Year for -

Interest

Income Taxes

Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Investing

and Financing Activities:

Summary of Entities Acquired in Purchase Business Combinations

$7,988

$672

$6,288

$6,952

$12,514

$1,876

60

Fair Market Value of Assets Acquired

Common Stock and Stock Options Issued

Cash Paid, net 

$42,554

(1,603)

(35,793)

$36,210

-

(33,336)

$519,054

(113,860)

(81,838)

Liabilities Assumed and Notes Payable to Sellers

$5,158

$2,874

$323,356

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Casella Waste Systems, Inc. ("the Company") is a regional,

integrated solid waste services company that provides

collection, transfer, disposal and recycling services, generates

steam and manufactures finished products utilizing recyclable

materials primarily throughout the eastern portion of the

United States and parts of Canada. The Company also

markets recyclable metals, aluminum, plastics, paper and

corrugated cardboard all processed at its facilities and

recyclables purchased from third parties. The Company also

generates electricity under its contracts with its two majority

owned subsidiaries, Maine Energy Recovery Company LP

("Maine Energy") and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company

LP ("PERC"), and through its wholly owned subsidiary, Timber

reclassifications have been made to the prior period financial

statements to conform to the current presentation.

(b) use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with

generally accepted accounting principles requires

management to make estimates and assumptions that affect

the amounts reported in the financial statements and

accompanying notes and the disclosure of contingent assets

and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those

estimates.

(c) Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes collection, transfer, recycle and

disposal revenues as the services are provided. Certain

customers are billed in advance and, accordingly, recognition

Energy Recovery, Inc. ("TERI"). As of April 30, 2000, the

of the related revenues is deferred until the services are

Company owned and/or operated five Subtitle D landfills, two

provided.

landfills permitted to accept construction and demolition

materials, 39 transfer stations, 40 recycling processing

Revenues from the sale of electricity to local utilities by

the Company's majority owned waste-to-energy facilities (see

facilities, 39 solid and liquid waste collection divisions, 12

Note 3) are recorded at the contract rate specified in each

power generation facilities, three finished products

entity's power purchase agreement as it is delivered.

processing facilities and an interest in its cellulose insulation

Revenues from the sale of recycled materials and

joint venture with Louisiana Pacific. 

finished products are recognized upon shipment. Rebates to

A SUMMARY OF THE COMPANY'S SIGNIFICANT

are recorded upon the sale of such recyclables to third

ACCOUNTING POLICIES FOLLOWS:

parties and are included in revenues. Revenues for

certain municipalities based on sales of recyclable materials

(a) Principles of Consolidation

processing of recyclable materials are recognized when the

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of

related service is provided. 

the Company and its wholly owned and majority owned

Revenues from brokerage are recognized when the

61

subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and

goods are shipped to their end market.

balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The

(d) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes

The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash

have also been restated to reflect material acquisitions

and cash equivalents, trade receivables, investments in

accounted for as poolings-of-interests. Certain

closure trust funds, trade payables and debt instruments. 

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62

The book values of cash and cash equivalents, trade

(g) Inventory

receivables, investments in closure trust funds and trade

Inventory consists primarily of secondary fibers, recyclables

payables approximate their respective fair values. The

ready for sale and certain finished products and is stated at

Company's debt instruments that are outstanding as of April

the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. Inventory

30, 2000 have carrying values that approximate their

consisted of finished goods of approximately $889 and $9,003

respective fair values. See Note 4 for the terms and carrying

at April 30, 1999 and 2000 respectively, and raw materials of

As a company, we’re committed

to providing leadership in

addressing the increasingly

complex local challenges of

waste management.

values of the Company's various debt instruments. 

$1,983 at April 30, 2000.

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents

(h) Investments

The Company considers all highly liquid investments

The Company owns warrants to purchase 542,786 shares of

purchased with maturities of three months or less to be cash

common stock in Bangor-Hydro Electric, PERC's sole

equivalents.

(f) Restricted Cash 

customer for electricity. In accordance with SFAS No. 115,

"Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity

Restricted cash consists of cash held in trust on deposit with

Securities," the Company classifies these securities as

various banks that support the Company's financial assurance

"available for sale," and records them at their fair value. The

obligations for its facilities' closure and post-closure costs and

change in the fair value of the securities is adjusted through

cash held in trust, all of which are available, under certain

other comprehensive income/(loss).

circumstances, for current operating expenses, debt service,

(i) Property, Plant and Equipment

capital improvements and repairs and maintenance in

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less

accordance with certain contractual obligations. Restricted

accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Company

cash available for current operating and debt service purposes

provides for depreciation and amortization using the straight-

is classified as a current asset. A summary of restricted cash

line method by charges to operations in amounts that allocate

is as follows:

the cost of the assets over their estimated useful lives as

follows:

A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Short Term

Long Term

Total

Short Term

Long Term 

Total

Debt Service

Landfill Closure

Other Facilities Closure

Facility Maintenance and

Operations

Other

Total

$0

626

0

0

0

$0

4,834

$0

5,460

0

0

0

0

0

0

$4,478

154

0

$5,677

3,566

410 

$10,155

3,720

410

12,612

1,228

365

0

13,840

365

$626

$4,834

$5,460

$17,609

$10,881

$28,490

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A S S E T   C L A S S I F I C AT I O N

E S T I M AT E D   U S E F U L   L I F E

Buildings and improvements

Machinery and equipment

Rolling stock

Containers

10-35 years

2-15 years

1-12 years

2-12 years

The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to

landfills' permitted and probable to be permitted capacity.

operations as incurred. Depreciation expense for the years

Units-of-production amortization rates are determined

ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 was $10,776, $14,151

annually for each of the Company's operating landfills. The

and $25,046 respectively.

rates are based on estimates provided by the Company's

Capitalized landfill costs include expenditures for land

engineers and accounting personnel and consider the

and related airspace, permitting costs and preparation costs.

information provided by surveys, which are performed at

Landfill permitting and preparation costs represent only direct

least annually.

costs related to these activities, including legal, engineering

(j) Investment in OCI/New Heights

and construction. Landfill preparation costs include the costs

As part of its acquisition of KTI (see Note 2), the Company

of construction associated with excavation, liners, site berms

obtained a 35% ownership in Oakhurst Company, Inc.

and the installation of leak detection and leachate collection

("OCI"), which it accounts for on the equity basis of

systems. Interest is capitalized on landfill permitting and

accounting. OCI reported revenues of $20.5 million and net

construction projects and other projects under development

loss of $5.5 million for its fiscal year ended February 29,

while the assets are undergoing activities to ready them for

2000. At April 30, 2000, among other businesses, OCI has a

their intended use. The interest capitalization rate is based on

50% ownership in New Heights Recovery and Power LLC

the Company's weighted average cost of indebtedness.

("New Heights"), a fully integrated waste tire and glass

Interest capitalized for the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999

recycling and power generation facility in Ford Heights, IL.

and 2000 was $136, $530 and $640 respectively.

In addition to its ownership of OCI, the Company had a

Management routinely reviews its investment in operating

commitment to loan up to $17 million in the form of a note

landfills, transfer stations and other significant facilities to

receivable to OCI for the purpose of allowing OCI to fund its

determine whether the costs of these investments are

equity commitment and investment ($17 million) in New

realizable. 

Heights. The Company had loaned $14.7 million to OCI

63

Landfill permitting, acquisition and preparation costs,

through April 30, 2000, including $5,580 loaned by the

excluding the estimated residual value of land, are amortized

Company since the date of the KTI acquisition. These funds

as landfill airspace is consumed. In determining the

were used by New Heights for capital improvements

amortization rate for these landfills, preparation costs include

necessary to upgrade the facility into a fully integrated

the total estimated costs to complete construction of the

recycling and power generation facility, to fund certain

On the internet

You can find links to other

waste management and

environmental sites in the
Library under Transfer
Station.

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acquisitions of waste tire collection companies and to fund

closed landfills. The Company, based on input from its

operating costs and working capital needs of the facility.

engineers, accounting personnel and consultants, estimates

The New Heights facility has been in development and

its future cost requirements for closure and post-closure

start-up for over one year, as of April 30, 2000, and has

monitoring and maintenance for solid waste landfills based on

sustained substantial operating losses. OCI's ability to repay

its interpretation of the technical standards of the U.S.

its note to the Company is predicated upon the success of

Environmental Protection Agency's Subtitle D regulations and

the New Heights facility.

the air emissions standards under the Clean Air Act as they

In addition, the Company has directly loaned $1.5 million

are being applied on a state-by-state basis. Closure and post-

to New Heights, which is secured by a First Mortgage on the

closure monitoring and maintenance costs represent the

facility, and has an operations and management service

costs related to cash expenditures yet to be incurred when a

agreement for the operations and management of the New

landfill facility ceases to accept waste and closes. 

Heights facility.

Accruals for closure and post-closure monitoring and

The equity investment in OCI, the notes receivable from

maintenance requirements in the U.S. consider final capping

OCI and the note receivable from New Heights are together

of the site, site inspection, groundwater monitoring, leachate

reflected as an investment in unconsolidated subsidiary on

management, methane gas control and recovery, and

the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. During May

operation and maintenance costs to be incurred during the

2000, OCI agreed to transfer 12.5% direct ownership interest

period after the facility closes. Certain of these environmental

in New Heights to the Company, in return for the Company

costs, principally capping and methane gas control costs, are

agreeing to complete OCI's remaining funding commitment to

also incurred during the operating life of the site in

New Heights.

accordance with the landfill operation requirements of Subtitle

(k) Accrued Closure and Post-closure Costs

D and the air emissions standards. Reviews of the future cost

Accrued closure and post-closure costs include the current

requirements for closure and post-closure monitoring and

and noncurrent portion of accruals associated with obligations

maintenance for the Company's operating landfills by the

for closure and post-closure of the Company's operating and

Company's engineers, accounting personnel and consultants 

A P R I L   3 0 ,  

64

Goodwill

Covenants not to compete

Customer lists

Deferred debt acquisition costs and other

Less--accumulated amortization

1 9 9 9

$98,827

13,956

594

2,125

115,502

11,303

$104,199

2 0 0 0

$289,574

14,291

562

8,359

312,786

18,503

$294,283

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The value of a diverse team of

companies and talents is our

ability to use our collective

resources to create local

solutions.

are performed at least annually and are the basis upon which

impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances

the Company's estimates of these future costs and the 

indicate that the remaining estimated useful life of goodwill or

related accrual rates are revised. The Company provides

other intangible assets might warrant revision or that the

accruals for these estimated costs as the remaining permitted

balance may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates

airspace of such facilities is consumed.

possible impairment by comparing estimated future cash

The states in which the Company operates require a

flows, before interest expense and on an undiscounted basis,

certain portion of these accrued closure and post-closure

and the net book value of assets including goodwill and other

obligations to be funded at any point in time. Accordingly, the

intangible assets. If undiscounted cash flows are insufficient

Company has placed $5,640 and $3,720 at April 30, 1999

and 2000, respectively, in restricted investment accounts to

fund these future obligations.

In addition, the Company has been required to post a

surety bond or bank letter of credit to secure its obligations

to close its landfills in accordance with environmental

regulations. At April 30, 2000, the Company had provided

one letter of credit totaling $10,436, expiring on April 15,

2001, to secure the Company's landfill closure obligations.

(l) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets at April 30, 1999 and 2000 consist of the

following:

Goodwill is the cost in excess of fair value of identifiable

assets of acquired businesses and is amortized using the

straight-line method over periods not exceeding 40 years.

Covenants not to compete and customer lists are amortized

using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives,

typically no more than 10 years. Deferred debt acquisition

costs are capitalized and amortized over the life of the related

debt using the effective interest method. Amortization Expense

for the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 was

$9,182, $11,574 and $15,165, respectively.

to recover assets, further analysis is performed in order to

determine the amount of the impairment. An impairment loss

would then be recorded equal to the amount by which, the

carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair market value.

Fair market value is usually determined based on the present

value of estimated expected future cash flows using a

discount rate commensurate with the risks involved. In

instances where goodwill is identified with assets that are

subject to an impairment loss, the carrying amount of the

identified goodwill is reduced before making any reduction to

the carrying amounts of other impaired long-lived assets. 

During 1998, the Company recorded a charge of $1,571

to reduce certain assets (including goodwill), to their

estimated fair value. There were no such impairments in 1999

and 2000.

(m) Income Taxes

The Company records income taxes in accordance with SFAS

No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". Under SFAS No.

109, deferred income taxes are recognized based on the

expected future tax consequences of differences between the

financial statement basis and the tax basis of assets and

liabilities, calculated using currently enacted tax rates.

65

In accordance with SFAS No. 121,"Accounting for the

(n) Earnings Per Share

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income

Be Disposed Of", the Company continually reviews for

by the weighted average number of common shares

As a group of skilled

professionals, we have the

resources and vision to operate

within a strict regulatory

framework.

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Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Number of Shares Outstanding, End of Period:

Class A Common Stock

Class B Common Stock

Effect of Weighting the Average Shares Outstanding

12,158

988

14,869

988

22,215

988

During the Period

(3,599)

(712)

(4,472)

Basic Shares Outstanding

Potentially Dilutive Shares

9,547

0 

15,145

874

18,731

541

Diluted Shares Outstanding

9,547

16,019

19,272

outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is

("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards

based on the combined weighted average number of common

No. 137, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging

shares and potentially dilutive common shares which include,

Activities-Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement

where appropriate, the assumed exercise of employee stock

No. 133". SFAS No. 137 amends FASB Statement of

options and exercise of convertible debt. In computing diluted

Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for

earnings per share, the Company utilizes the treasury stock

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", by deferring

method with regard to employee stock options and the 

the effective date of SFAS No. 133 to fiscal years beginning

"if converted" method with regard to its convertible debt.

after June 15, 2000. SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting

The following is a reconciliation of the ending number of

and reporting standards requiring that every derivative

shares outstanding with the number of shares used in the

instrument (including certain derivative instruments embedded

calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

in other contracts) be recorded in the balance sheet as either

Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from diluted

an asset or liability measured at its fair value. SFAS No. 133

shares outstanding for the year ended April 30, 1998 due to

requires that changes in the derivative's fair value be

their impact being anti-dilutive. The number of potentially

recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge

dilutive shares excluded from the earnings per share

accounting criteria are met. The Company will adopt SFAS

66

calculation was 3,045,000 for the year ended April 30, 1998.

No. 133 beginning May 1, 2001. The Company has yet to

Additionally, for the years ended April 30, 1999 and 2000,

quantify the impacts of adopting SFAS No. 133 on its

options to purchase 211,000 and 2,033,000 common share

financial statements and has not determined the timing or

were excluded from the calculation of potentially dilutive

method of adoption. However, SFAS No. 133 could increase

shares because their impact was anti-dilutive.

volatility in earnings and other comprehensive income.

(o) New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Operations from the dates of acquisition, and the purchase

(a) Transactions Recorded as Purchases

On December 14, 1999, the Company consummated its

acquisition of KTI, a publicly traded solid waste handling

company. KTI specializes in solid waste disposal and

On the internet

recycling, and operates manufacturing facilities utilizing

A complete set of

customizable financial tools
is available in Value.

recycled materials. All of KTI's common stock was acquired in

exchange for 7,152,157 shares of the Company's Class A

Common Stock.

prices have been allocated to the net assets acquired based

on fair values at the dates of acquisition, with the residual

amounts allocated to goodwill. Management does not believe

the final purchase price allocation will produce materially

different results than those reflected herein. 

The purchase prices allocated to those net assets

acquired were as follows:

The following unaudited pro forma combined information 

Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Current Assets

Property and Equipment

Intangible Assets (including goodwill)

Other Non-Current Assets

Current Liabilities

Other Non-Current Liabilities

$2,923

9,105

30,526

0

(75)

$613

10,768

24,829

0

0

$107,457

220,830

190,178

589

(41,647)

(5,083)

(2,874)

(281,709)

Total Consideration

$37,396

$33,336

$195,698

In addition to above, the Company also acquired 33, 50

and 38 solid waste hauling operations in 1998, 1999 and

2000. All of these transactions were accounted for as

shows the results of the Company's operations for the years

ended April 30, 1999 and 2000 as though each of the

completed acquisitions had occurred as of May 1, 1998:

purchases. Accordingly, the operating results of these

The pro forma results have been prepared for

businesses are included in the Consolidated Statements of

comparative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative

Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

67

Revenues

Operating Income

Net Income

Diluted Pro forma net income per common share

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding

$578,100

$584,976

20,732

6,569 

$0.41

16,019

57,031

11,345

$0.59

19,272

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68

of the actual results of operations had the acquisitions taken

30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 to amounts adjusted for poolings-

place as of May 1, 1998 or the results of future operations of

of-interests that took place in 2000.

the Company. Furthermore, the pro forma results do not give

effect to all cost savings or incremental costs that may occur

as a result of the integration and consolidation of the

completed acquisitions.

3. INVESTMENT IN MAJORITY OWNED WASTE-TO-

ENERGY FACILITIES

The Company owns majority interests in two limited

partnerships, Maine Energy (83.75% interest) and PERC

(b) Transactions Recorded as Poolings of Interests

(66.59% interest). These facilities utilize non-hazardous solid

The Company has completed several mergers in business

waste as the fuel for the generation of electricity.

acquisitions accounted for as poolings-of-interests. For the

Maine Energy sells the electricity it produces to Central

years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000, the Company

Maine Power ("Central Maine") pursuant to a long-term power

merged with 1, 4 and 2 businesses, respectively, and issued

purchase agreement. Under this agreement, Maine Energy

common stock of 603,347, 1,271,559 and 362,973 shares,

has agreed to sell energy to Central Maine through May 31,

respectively. The accompanying consolidated financial

2007 at an initial rate of 7.18 cents per kilowatt-hour ("kWh"),

statements have been restated to reflect all material

as determined in 1996, which escalates annually by 2% (7.92

A P R I L   3 0 ,

Revenues:

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Casella, before Fiscal 2000 Poolings

Fiscal 2000 Poolings

$140,191

3,520

$171,728

10,829

$335,303

2,044

Casella, as restated

$143,711

$182,557

$337,347

Net Income:

Casella, before Fiscal 2000 Poolings

Fiscal 2000 Poolings

$1,925

(90)

$9,099

(2,484)

$11,257

(207)

Casella, as restated

$1,835

$6,615

$11,050

acquisitions (including the 2 in 2000) for all periods

cents per kWh as of April 30, 2000). From June 1, 2007 until

presented.

December 31, 2012, Maine Energy is to be paid at the then

Following is a reconciliation of the amounts of revenues

current market value for both its energy and capacity by

and net income previously reported for the years ended April

Central Maine.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Under the terms of the agreement, a $45.0 million letter

4. LONG-TERM DEBT

of credit was issued to Central Maine by ING (US) Capital

Corporation. If, in any year, Maine Energy fails to produce

100,000,000 kWh of electricity and Maine Energy does not

have a force majeure defense, such as physical damage to

the plant and other similar events, Maine Energy must pay

approximately $3.8 million to Central Maine as liquidated

damages. This payment obligation is secured by the ING

letter of credit. In each year in which 100,000,000 kWh is

produced, the balance of the ING letter of credit is to be

reduced by approximately $3.8 million. Additionally, if, in any

year, Maine Energy fails to produce 15,000,000 kWh of

electricity and Maine Energy does not have a force majeure

defense, Maine Energy must pay the balance of the ING

letter of credit to Central Maine as liquidated damages. The

balance of the letter of credit was approximately $30 million

at April 30, 2000.

PERC sells the electricity it produces to Bangor Hydro, a

local utility, under a power purchase agreement. Under the

terms of the agreement, Bangor Hydro agrees to purchase all

the electricity generated by PERC through 2018. Under the

agreement, PERC is required to deliver at least 105,000,000

kWh to Bangor Hydro in any calendar year. If PERC fails to

deliver this output, PERC must pay Bangor Hydro $4 for each

1,000,000 kWh that the deliveries fall below 105,000,000 kWh.

As of April 30, 2000, the Company has met all of its

kWh requirements under both power purchase agreements.

Additionally, the Company owns 100% of TERI. TERI

uses biomass waste as its source of fuel to be combusted

for the generation of electricity. TERI also operates two wood

processing facilities. TERI sells the electricity that it generates

to Florida Power Corporation ("Florida Power"), a local

electric utility, under a power purchase agreement. Under the

Long-term debt as of April 30, 1999 and 2000 consists of the following:

April 30, 

1999 

2000

Advances on revolving credit facility, which provides for advances of up to $150,000, due January 12,

2003. Interest on outstanding advances accrues at the election of the Company at either the bank's

base rate (7.75% at April 30, 1999), or LIBOR plus a percentage (6.03% at April 30, 1999), based on

a pricing grid, payable monthly in arrears. The debt is collateralized by all assets of the Company,

whether now owned or hereafter acquired. 

$ 72,365 

$ 0

Advances on Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility ( the "Revolver") which provides for advances of

up to $300,000, due December 14, 2004, bearing interest at LIBOR plus 2.75%, (8.95% at April 30,

2000), with the availability decreasing by $25,000 in years 3 and 4. The debt is collateralized by a

pledge of all of the Company's subsidiaries stock and by certain assets of the Company. 

Advances on Senior Secured Delayed Draw Term "B" Loan ( the "Term Loan") which provides for up to

$150,000, due December 14, 2006, bearing interest at LIBOR plus 3.5% (9.7% at April 30, 2000), and

calling for principal payments of $1,500 per year, beginning in Fiscal 2001 with the remaining principal

balance due at maturity. The debt is collateralized by a pledge of all of the Company's subsidiaries

stock and by certain assets of the Company. 

Notes Payable in connection with businesses acquired, bearing interest at rates of 6% to 10%, due in

monthly installments varying to $22, expiring May 2000 through April 2009. 

Subordinated, Convertible Notes payable in connection with business acquired, bearing interest at

7.5%, due in monthly installments varying to $50, expiring on March 15, 2003. Convertible to Class A

Common Stock of the Company, at the note holders election, at the rate of one share of common

stock for each $15.375 of the principal amount surrendered for conversion.

Payments due to Clinton County, discounted at 4.74%, due in quarterly installments of $375 through

March 2003. 

0 

228,890

0 

150,000

13,534 

9,459

0 

6,144

69

5,438 

4,173

0

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April 30, 

1999 

2000

PERC Bonds Payable - Issued by the Finance Authority of Maine ("FAME"), Electric Rate Stabilization Revenue Refunding Bonds, Series 1998 A and Series B,

subject to mandatory redemption in annual installments of varying amounts through July 1, 2018. Beginning July 1, 2008 the Bonds are subject to redemption at the

option of the Company at a price equal to 102%, through June 30, 2009, 101% for the period July 1, 2009 through June 30, 2010 and 100% thereafter of the

principal and accrued interest. Various covenants restrict the ability of PERC to incur additional indebtedness and the ability of general partners to sell, assign or

transfer their partnership interest. Interest is based on rates for certain tax-exempt obligations, as determined weekly by the remarketing agent, with a weighted

average interest rate of 5.0% at April 30, 2000. The bonds are collateralized by substantially all of PERC's assets. 

Timber Energy Revenue Bonds Payable - Industrial Development Revenue Bonds, Series A, interest at 7%, annual sinking fund requirements of $2,320, $2,665 and

$4,620, due December 2000 through 2002. The Bond Agreements require, among other things, maintenance of various insurance coverages and restrict the

borrowers ability to incur additional indebtedness. The bonds are collateralized by liens on TERI's electric generating facility located in Telogia, Florida. 

Notes Payable, secured by assets purchased

0 

40,900

0 

746 

9,605

0

92,083 

449,171

Less - Current Portion

   5,344 

8,367

$86,739

$440,804

In April 2000, the Company entered into two three-year interest rate swap agreements (the "Swap Agreements") with two banks. The purpose was to effectively

convert a portion of the Company's interest rate exposure on advances under its revolving credit facility from a floating rate to a fixed rate.

The Swap Agreements effectively fix the Company's interest rate on the notional amount of $100 million, $50 million is fixed at 6.875% and $50 million is swapped in

a collar arrangement with interest between 6.28% and 9.0%. Net monthly payments or monthly receipts under the Swap Agreements are recorded as adjustments

to interest expense. The Company also has an existing, five year Swap Agreement which fixes the Company's interest rate on the notional amount $45 million. The

rate is fixed at 5.2% and expires in January 2001. In addition, in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty, the Company would be exposed to interest rate

risk on the entire balance in the event the variable interest rate paid was to exceed the fixed rate paid under the terms of the Swap Agreements.

The Revolver and the Term Loan contain certain covenants that, among other things, restrict dividends or stock repurchases, limit capital expenditures and annual

operating lease payments, and set minimum fixed charges, interest coverage and leverage ratios and minimum consolidated adjusted net worth requirements. As of

April 30, 2000, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.

As of April 30, 2000, debt matures as follows: Year Ending April 30,

2001 

2002 

2003 

2004

2005

$ 8,367

7,816

12,479

2,098

151,982

Thereafter

266,429

$449,171

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
terms of the power purchase agreement, Florida Power has

The Company leases operating facilities and equipment

agreed to purchase all of the electricity generated by TERI.

under operating leases with monthly payments varying to $11.

The ownership interest of minority owners in the equity and

Total rent expense under operating leases charged to

earnings of the Company's less than 100 percent-owned

operations was $1,500, $1,873 and $2,968 for each of the

consolidated subsidiaries is recorded as minority interest.

three years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000,

5. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

(a) Leases

respectively.

(b) Legal Proceedings

The following is a schedule of future minimum lease

In the normal course of its business and as a result of the

payments, together with the present value of the net minimum

extensive governmental regulation of the waste industry, the

lease payments under capital leases, as of April 30, 2000.

Company may periodically become subject to various judicial

The Company leases real estate, compactors and hauling

and administrative proceedings involving Federal, state or

vehicles under leasesthat qualify for treatment as capital

local agencies. In these proceedings, an agency may seek to

leases. The assets related to these leases have been

impose fines on the Company or to revoke, or to deny

capitalized and are included in property and equipment at April

renewal of, an operating permit held by the Company. In

30, 1999 and 2000.

addition, the Company may become party to various claims

Y E A R   E N D I N G   A P R I L   3 0

Operating Leases

Capital Leases

$ 4,660 

4,866

3,614 

3,236 

2,095 

4,640

$23,111 

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

Less - amount representing interest

Current maturities of capital lease obligations

Present value of long term capital lease obligations

$ 1,095

1,004

986

672

494

1,564

5,815

1,279

4,536

788

$ 3,748

71

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and suits pending for alleged damages to persons and

transfer of Maine Energy's assets. The notice also reserves

property, alleged violation of certain laws and for alleged

the right to seek punitive damages. Although the City of

liabilities arising out of matters occurring during the normal

Biddeford, Maine has not filed a notice of claims, it has given

operation of the waste management business.

notice that it will be initiating a suit to receive the residual

On or about October 30, 1997, Mr. Matthew M.

cancellation payments. Under the agreement, the aggregate

Freeman commenced a civil lawsuit against the Company and

amount to be paid upon the exercise of the put right is 18%

two of its officers and directors in Vermont Superior Court.

of the fair market value of the equity of the partners in Maine

Mr. Freeman claims to have performed services for the

Energy, and such amount is required to be paid within 120

Company prior to 1995 and in his lawsuit is seeking a three-

days after the exercise of the put by the respective parties

percent equity interest in the Company or the monetary

entitled thereto. The Company believes it has meritorious

equivalent thereof, as well as punitive damages. The

defenses to these claims.

Company and the officers and directors have answered the

On or about April 26, 1999, Salvatore Russo filed an

Complaint, denied Mr. Freeman's allegations of wrongdoing,

action in the U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey

and asserted various defenses. In order to facilitate the

against KTI and two of its principal officers, Ross Pirasteh and

completion of the initial public offering of the Company's

Martin J. Sergi, purportedly on behalf of all shareholders who

Class A Common Stock in November 1997, certain

purchased KTI common stock from May 4, 1998 through

stockholders of the Company agreed to indemnify the

August 14, 1998. Melanie Miller filed an identical complaint on

Company for any settlement by the Company or any award

May 14, 1999. The complaints allege that the defendants

against the Company in excess of $350,000 (but not for legal

made material misrepresentations in KTI's quarterly report on

fees paid by or on behalf of Casella or any other third party).

form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 1998 in violation of

The Company accrued a $215,000 reserve for this claim

Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of

during the year ended April 30, 1998. 

1934, as amended, concerning KTI's allowance for doubtful

On January 7, 2000, the City of Saco, Maine filed a

accounts and net income. The Plaintiffs are seeking

notice of claims with the Company and Maine Energy

undisclosed damages. The Company believes it has

claiming entitlement to certain "residual cancellation"

meritorious defenses to these complaints. On June 15, 1999,

payments from Maine Energy under the waste handling

Mr. Russo and Ms. Miller, together with Fransisco Munero,

agreement dated June 7, 1991 among the Biddeford-Saco

Timothy Ryan and Steve Storch, moved to consolidate the

72

Waste Handling Committee, Biddeford, Saco and Maine

two complaints. This motion is currently pending in the District

Energy on the basis of the satisfaction of certain conditions,

Court of New Jersey. The Company is a defendant in certain

including the acquisition of KTI by the Company. The notice of

other lawsuits alleging various claims incurred in the ordinary

claims alleges that the payments due to Saco exceed $33

course of business. The Company believes that none of the

million, and claims damages in such amounts for breach of

above lawsuits, either individually or in the aggregate, will be

contract, breach of fiduciary duties and fraud and also claims

settled in a manner that will have a material impact to its

treble damages of $100 million based on alleged fraudulent

financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c) Environmental Liability

the 200,000 tons of undisputed additional permitted capacity.

The Company is subject to liability for any environmental

The seller elected to be paid this royalty in cash.

damage, including personal injury and property damage, that

(e) Employment Contracts

its solid waste, recycling and power generation facilities may

The Company has entered into five employment contracts

cause to neighboring property owners, particularly as a result

with its senior officers and Chairman of the Board. The

of the contamination of drinking water sources or soil,

contracts, dated December 8, 1999, have a three-year term

possibly including damage resulting from conditions existing

and a two-year covenant not to compete from the date of any

before the Company acquired the facilities. The Company

termination. Total annual commitments for salaries under

may also be subject to liability for similar claims arising from

these contracts are $1.2 million. In the event of a change in

off-site environmental contamination caused by pollutants or

control of the Company, or in the event of involuntary

hazardous substances if the Company or its predecessors

termination without cause, the employment contracts provide

arrange to transport, treat or dispose of those materials. Any

for the payment of three years of salary and bonuses.

substantial liability incurred by the Company arising from

environmental damage could have a material adverse effect

on the Company's business, financial condition and results of

operations. The Company is not presently aware of any

situations that may have a material adverse impact.

(d) Sawyer Landfill Royalty Payments

(f) Maine Energy Waste Handling Agreement Liability

Under the terms of a Waste Handling Agreement between

certain municipalities and the Company's majority owned

subsidiary, Maine Energy, Maine Energy is obligated to make

a payment at the point in time that Maine Energy pays off its

debt (as defined) obligations, currently estimated to occur

In connection with an acquisition, the Company agreed to pay

between 2003 and 2005, or upon the consummation of an

to the seller a royalty for certain additional permitted landfill

outright sale of Maine Energy, individually. The estimated

capacity. The royalty due is equal to $2.50 per ton for the first

obligation has been recorded in other long-term liabilities as

400,000 tons of such additional capacity and $3.50 per ton

of April 30, 2000.

thereafter. The payments are generally due as the landfill is

utilized, except that at the time of the successful permitting,

6. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND

the first $1 million of royalties becomes immediately due and

EXTRAORDINARY ITEM

payable. This amount may be taken in cash or common stock

on an equivalent per share price of $6.55. This option is at the

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

election of the seller and is only available for the first royalty

During the third quarter, the Company adopted a formal plan

73

payment. The Company received permits from the State of

to dispose of its construction and emergency response

Maine for a 3.3 million ton expansion on the Sawyer Landfill.

business ("discontinued business"). The Company has

The host community for the Sawyer Landfill, the Town of

accounted for this planned disposition in accordance with

Hampden, Maine, is disputing 3.1 million tons of the 3.3 million

APB Opinion No. 30, and accordingly, the results of

ton expansion. The Company paid the royalty due the seller on

operations of the discontinued business have been

On the internet

Casella’s symbol on the

NASDAQ market is CWST.

Stock updates and other

financial information are
available in Value.

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segregated from continuing operations and reported as a

more series. As of April 30, 1999 and 2000, respectively, no

separate line in its Consolidated Statements of Operations.

shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding.

Additionally, the estimated loss on the disposal of the

(b) Common Stock

discontinued operations of $1,393 (net of income tax benefit

Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

Revenues

Operating Expenses

General and Administrative

Depreciation and Amortization

Operating (Loss)

Other (Expense)

Benefit from Income Taxes

Net (Loss)

1 9 9 9

$ 1,690

1,133

426

175

(44)

(10)

21

$ (33)

2 0 0 0

$ 795

795

321

113

(434)

(7)

172

$ (269)

of $891), represents the estimated loss on the disposal of

The holders of the Class A Common Stock are entitled to

the assets of the discontinued segment. 

one vote for each share held. The holders of the Class B

A summary of the operating results of the discontinued

Common Stock are entitled to ten votes for each share held,

business is as follows:

except for the election of one director, who is elected by the

EXTRAORDINARY ITEM:

holders of the Class A Common Stock exclusively. The Class

B Common Stock is convertible into Class A Common Stock

During the third quarter of its fiscal year 2000, the Company paid

on a share-for-share basis at the option of the shareholder.

off its existing revolving credit facility with a bank and incurred an

(c) Stock Warrants

extraordinary loss of $631 (net of tax benefit of $448), resulting

At April 30, 2000, the Company had outstanding warrants to

74

from the write-off of related debt acquisition costs.

purchase 315,943 shares of the Company's Class A

7. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(a) Preferred Stock

Common Stock at exercise prices between $0.01 and $43.63

per share, based on the fair market value of the underlying

common stock at the time of the warrants' issuance. The

The Company is authorized, with stockholder approval, to

warrants are exercisable and expire at varying times through

issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or

November 2008.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d) Stock Option Plans

of 918,135 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to

During 1993, the Company adopted an incentive stock option

the grant of either incentive stock options or nonstatutory

plan for officers and other key employees. The 1993

options. As of April 30, 1999, a total of 392,443 options to

Incentive Stock Option Plan (the "1993 Option Plan")

purchase Class A Common Stock were outstanding at an

provided for the issuance of a maximum of 300,000 shares of

average exercise price of $12.23. As of April 30, 2000, a

Class A Common Stock. As of April 30, 1999, options to

total of 372,707 options to purchase Class A Common Stock

purchase 169,500 shares of Class A Common Stock at an

were outstanding at an average exercise price of $12.08. No

average exercise price of $1.18 were outstanding under the

further options may be granted under this plan.

1993 Option Plan. As of April 30, 2000, options to purchase

On July 31, 1997, the Company adopted a stock option

17,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average

plan for employees, officers and directors of, and consultants

exercise price of $4.61 were outstanding under the 1993

and advisors to the Company. The Board of Directors has the

Option Plan. No further options may be granted under this

authority to select the optionees and determine the terms of

plan. 

the options granted. The 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "1997

During 1994, the Company adopted a nonstatutory

Option Plan") provides for the issuance of 5,328,135 shares

stock option plan for officers and other key employees. The

of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the grant of either

1994 Stock Option Plan (the "1994 Option Plan") provided

incentive stock options or nonstatutory options. Under the

for the issuance of a maximum of 150,000 shares of Class A

terms of the 1997 Option Plan, all authorized but unissued

Common Stock. Options to purchase 15,000 shares of Class

options under previous plans are added to the shares

A Common Stock at an average exercise price of $0.60 were

available under this plan. A total of 321,501 authorized but

outstanding under the 1994 Option Plan as of April 30, 1999

unissued shares under the 1996 Option Plan have been

and 2000. No further options may be granted under this plan

transferred to the 1997 Option Plan under this provision. As

In connection with the May 1994 Senior Note and

of April 30, 1999, options to purchase 1,081,960 shares of

Warrant Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"),

Class A Common Stock at an average exercise price of

the Company also established a nonqualified stock option

$26.72 were outstanding under the 1997 Option Plan. As of

pool for certain key employees. The purchase agreement

April 30, 2000, options to purchase 3,190,377 shares of

established 338,000 stock options to purchase Class A

Class A Common Stock at an average exercise price of

Common Stock. Options to purchase 302,656 shares of

$22.37 were outstanding under the 1997 Option Plan.

Class A Common Stock at an average exercise price of

On July 31, 1997, the Company adopted a stock option

75

$2.00 were outstanding as of April 30, 1999 and 2000. No

plan for non-employee directors of the Company. The 1997

further options may be granted from this pool.

Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan provides for the

During 1996, the Company adopted a stock option plan

issuance of a maximum of 100,000 shares of Class A

for employees, officers and directors of, and consultants and

Common Stock pursuant to the grant of nonstatutory

advisors to the Company. The 1996 Stock Option Plan (the

options. As of April 30, 1999 and 2000, options to purchase

"1996 Option Plan") provided for the issuance of a maximum

8,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average

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exercise price of $31.25 and 19,000 shares of Class A

During fiscal 1996, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123,

Common Stock at an average exercise price of $6.58,

"Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", which defines a

Outstanding, April 30, 1997

Granted

Terminated

Exercised

Outstanding, April 30, 1998

Granted

Terminated

Exercised

Outstanding, April 30, 1999

Granted

Issued in Connection with the Acquisition of KTI

Terminated

Exercised

Number
of shares

1,251,135

419,500

(31,000)

(44,333)

1,595,302

870,000

(9,033)

(486,710)

1,969,559

1,402,000

930,417

(216,335)

(168,901)

Weighted Average
exercise price

$ 4.92

19.90

(15.19)

(1.49)

8.75

27.68

(11.17)

(6.43)

17.65

16.27

26.59

(20.56)

(2.05)

Outstanding, April 30, 2000

3,916,740

$ 19.78

Exercisable, April 30, 1999

1,346,557

$ 13.67

Exercisable, April 30, 2000

2,321,432

$ 18.35

respectively, were outstanding under the Non-Employee

fair value based method of accounting for stock-based

Director Stock Option Plan.

employee compensation and encourages all entities to adopt

76

Options generally vest over a two year period from the

that method of accounting for all of their employee stock

date of grant, and are granted at prices at least equal to the

compensation plans. However, it also allows an entity to

prevailing fair market value at the issue date.

continue to measure compensation costs for those plans

Stock option activity for each of the three years ended

using the intrinsic method of accounting prescribed by APB

April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 is as follows:

Opinion No. 25. Entities electing to remain with the

Set forth is a summary of options outstanding and

accounting in APB Opinion No. 25 must make pro forma

exercisable as of April 30, 2000:

disclosures of net income and earnings per share as if the fair

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A P R I L   3 0 , 2 0 0 0

Range of

Exercise

Number of

Outstanding

Shares

$60-$2.00

$4.61-$8.00

317,656

152,002

$10.00-$18.00

1,566,211

$18.00-$27.00

467,028

Over $27.00

1,413,843

ALL

3,916,740

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Life (Years)

0.83

7.42

7.00

8.70

7.45

6.88

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

$1.93

5.42

15.28

20.95

29.94

Number of

Exercisable

Options

317,656

108,002

850,118

226,484

819,172

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

$1.93

4.90

14.86

21.65

29.20

$19.78

2,321,432

$18.35

A P R I L   3 0 ,

Risk-free interest rate

Expected dividend yield

Expected life

Expected volatility

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

5.78%-6.49%

4.6%-5.68%

5.81%-6.69%

0%

9 Years

40.39%

0%

5 years

52.40%

0%

5 years

67.37%

value based method of accounting defined in SFAS No. 123

No. 123, using the following weighted average assumptions

had been applied.

for grants in the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 

The Company has elected to account for its stock-

The total value of options granted during the years

based compensation plans under APB Opinion No. 25.

ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 would be amortized on

However, the Company has computed, for pro forma

a pro forma basis over the vesting period of the options.

disclosure purposes, the value of all options granted during

Because the method of accounting prescribed by SFAS No.

the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 using the

123 has not been applied to options granted prior to May 1,

77

Black-Scholes option pricing model as prescribed by SFAS

1995, the resulting pro forma compensation costs may not be

representative of that to be expected in future years. If the

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A P R I L   3 0 ,

Net income (loss)

As reported

Pro forma

Diluted Net income (loss) per share of common stock

As reported

Pro forma

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

$(3,903)

$(4,674)

$(0.41)

$(0.49)

$6,615

$2,534

$0.41

$0.16

$11,050

$4,379

$0.57

$0.23

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 is

$1.54, $6.43 and $3.30, respectively.

Company had accounted for these plans in accordance with

8. INCOME TAXES

SFAS No. 123, the Company's net loss and net loss per

The provision for income taxes for the years ended April 30,

share would have increased as reflected in the following pro

1998, 1999 and 2000 consists of the following: 

forma amounts: April 30,

A P R I L   3 0 ,

Federal-

Current

Deferred

State-

Current

Deferred

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

$234

1,901

$4,996

1,400

$6,089

3,216

2,135

6,396

9,305

41

336

377

888

247

1,135

2,075

878

2,953

Total

$2,512

$7,531

$12,258

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted

The differences in the provisions for income taxes and the

during the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 is

amounts determined by applying the Federal statutory rate to

$1.54, $6.43 and $3.30, respectively.

income before provision for income taxes for the years ended

April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 are as follows:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 8

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Federal Statutory Rate

Tax at Statutory Rate

State Income Taxes, net of Federal Benefit

Meal and Entertainment Disallowance

Nondeductible Goodwill

Equity in Loss of Oakhurst

Other, net

34%

$1,478

248

23

114

0

649

34%

$4,821

749

29

201

0

1,731

35%

$8,960

1,919

77

245

295

762

$2,512

$7,531

$12,258

F I S C A L   Y E A R   E N D E D   A P R I L   3 0 ,

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 0

Deferred Tax Assets:

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Treatment of Lease Obligations

Accrued Expenses

Basis Difference in Partnership Interests

Net Operating Loss Carryforwards

Alternative Minimum Tax Credit Carryforwards

Other Tax Carryforwards

Other

Total Deferred Tax Assets

Less: Valuation Allowance

Total Deferred Tax Assets After Valuation Allowance

Deferred Tax Liabilities:

Accelerated Depreciation of Property and Equipment

Amortization of Intangibles

Other

Total Deferred Tax Liabilities

Net Deferred Tax Liability

$ 703

59

964

0

367

510

0

575

3,178

0

3,178

(5,014)

(1,165)

(1,693)

(7,872)

(4,694)

$ 2,818

52

10,645

14,091

30,794

1,795

530

880

61,605

(24,778)

36,827

(49,546)

(3,407)

(2,092)

(55,045)

(18,218)

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Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary

realized. The Company adjusts the valuation allowance in the

differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities

period management determines it is more likely than not that

recognized for financial reporting purposes and such amounts

deferred tax assets will or will not be realized.

recognized for income tax purposes.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the

9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

following at April 30, 1999 and 2000: 

The Company offers its eligible employees the opportunity to

contribute to a 401(k) plan. Pending board approval, the

Company may contribute up to $500 dollars per individual per

calendar year. Participants vest in employer contributions

At April 30, 2000, the Company has for income tax

ratably over a three-year period. Employer contributions for

purposes federal net operating loss carryforwards of

the years ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 amounted to

approximately $70,507 that expire in years 2003 through

$176, $275 and $387, respectively.

2019, state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately

In January 1998, the Company implemented its

$83,304 that expire in years 2001 through 2019, and

Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under this plan, qualified

business tax credit carryforwards of approximately $530 that

employees may purchase shares of Class A Common Stock

expire in years 2001 through 2006. The federal net operating

by payroll deduction at a 15% discount from the market price.

loss carryforwards, certain state net operating loss

600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock have been

carryforwards and the business tax credit carryforwards are

reserved for this purpose. At April 30, 1998, no shares of

subject to substantial limitations. In addition, the Company

Class A Common Stock have been issued under this plan.

has approximately $1,795 minimum tax credit carryforward

During the years ended April 30, 1999 and 2000, 5,812 and

available that is not subject to limitation. Due to uncertainty of

6,616 shares, respectively, of Class A Common Stock were

the utilization of the carryforwards, the Company has

issued under this plan.

recorded a valuation allowance against approximately $51,805

of the federal net operating loss carryforwards, all of the state

10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

net operating loss carryforwards and all of the business tax

(a) Services

credit carryforwards. Since the Company's carryforwards

During 1998, 1999 and 2000, the Company retained the

were primarily acquired through acquisitions, to the extent

services of a related party, a company wholly owned by two

80

that future realization of such carryforwards exceeds the

of the Company's major stockholders and members of the

Company's current estimates, additional amounts received

Board of Directors, as a contractor in closing certain landfills

will be recorded as a reduction of goodwill. In assessing the

owned by the Company. Total purchased services charged to

realizability of carryforwards and other deferred tax assets,

operations for each of the three years ended April 30, 1998,

management considers whether it is more likely than not that

1999 and 2000 were $4,202, $5,198 and $5,338

some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be

respectively, of which $50 and $450 were outstanding and

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
included in accounts payable at April 30, 1999 and 2000,

(d) Employee Loans

respectively. In 1998, the Company entered into agreements

The Company has made loans to officers and employees in

with this company, totaling approximately $3,000, to

the amount of $2,095 during the year ended April 30, 2000.

construct a portion of a landfill. In 1999, the Company

The notes have required quarterly interest payments but no

entered into agreements with this company, totaling

fixed repayment terms. Interest is at the Wall Street Journal

approximately $4,808, to construct improvements or

Prime Rate (9% at April 30, 2000). Notes from officers

expansions at three of its landfills. In 2000, the Company

consisted of $2,000 at April 30, 2000, with the remainder

entered into an agreement with this company, totaling

being from employees of the Company.

approximately $4,500 to construct a new cell at Clinton

(e) Other Relationships

County Landfill.

(b) Leases

On August 1, 1993, the Company entered into two leases for

operating facilities with a partnership in which two of the

Company's major stockholders and members of the Board of

Directors are the general partners. The leases are classified

as capital leases in the accompanying Consolidated Balance

Sheets. The leases call for monthly payments of

approximately $18 and expire in April 2003. Total interest and

amortization expense charged to operations for the years

ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000 under these

agreements was, $245, $237 and $179, respectively.

(c) Post-Closure Landfill

Two of the Company's stockholders and members of its

Board of Directors are also direct stockholders and members

of the Board of Directors of OCI, an investee of the

Company. These individuals own aggregate shares and

options to purchase shares for up to 4% of OCI.

11. SEGMENT REPORTING

SFAS No. 131 "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise

and Related Information" establishes standards for reporting

information about operating segments in financial statements.

In general, SFAS No. 131 requires that business entities report

selected information about operating segments in a manner

consistent with that used for internal management reporting.

The Company classifies its operations into Eastern

The Company has agreed to pay the cost of post-closure on a

(which includes Maine Energy and PERC), Central and

landfill owned by certain principal shareholders. The Company

Western, Power Generation, Residential Recycling, Finished

paid the cost of closing this landfill in 1992, and the post-

Products and Commercial Recycling. The Company's

closure maintenance obligations are expected to last until

revenues in the Eastern, Central and Western segments are

2012. In each of the three years ended April 30, 1998, 1999

derived mainly from one industry segment, which includes the

81

and 2000, the Company paid $3, $3 and $5 respectively,

collection, transfer, recycling and disposal of non-hazardous

pursuant to this agreement. As of April 30, 1999 and 2000,

solid waste. The Company's revenues in the Power

the Company has accrued $102 and $96, respectively, for

Generation, Residential Recycling, Finished Products and

costs associated with its post-closure obligations.

Commercial Recycling segments are derived from integrated 

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82

Year Ended April 30, 1998:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Impairment Charge

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

Year Ended April 30, 1999:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

Year Ended April 30, 2000:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

Waste Handling and Disposal

Eastern

Regions

Central

Regions

Western

Regions

Power

Generation

Residential

Recycling

$26,242

$2,241

$(1,830)

$3,871

$-

$971

$1,418

$6,805

$6,002

$39,240

$2,218

$(895)

$5,722

$-

$2,067

$17,107

$17,072

$82,310

$15,965

$1,815

$11,917

$1,101

$4,085

$18,092

$390,559

$70,045

$22,410

$4,148

$11,850

$290

$ 

$3,472

$14,184

$34,387

$79,710

$28,397

$8,368

$12,255

$332

$3,922

$15,328

$34,622

$106,262

$35,572

$15,008

$14,223

$-

$3,815

$15,806

$128,416

$47,707

$2,765

$697

$3,774

$-

$600

$3,100

$7,326

$18,347

$62,920

$6,711

$2,387

$6,917

$546

$4,051

$19,079

$12,284

$60,671

$12,776

$5,227

$7,847

$389

$2,925

$17,422

$112,237

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$-

$8,606

$(68)

$(485)

$925

$-

$653

$2,176

$51,429

$13,767

$9,242

$3,297

$1,147

$-

$1,539

$4,566

$61,509

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finished
Products

Commercial
Recycling

Corporate

Eliminations

Total

Year Ended April 30, 1998:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Impairment Charge

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

Year Ended April 30, 1999:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

Year Ended April 30, 2000:

Outside Revenue

Inter-Segment Revenue

Net Income/(Loss)

Depreciation & Amortization

Merger Costs

Interest Expense (Net)

Capital Expenditures

Total Assets

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ 23,214

$ -

$ (1,874)

$ 1,221

$ -

$ 1,634

$ 5,920

$ 44,614

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ 50,429

$ 13,906

$ 2,745

$ 1,288

$ -

$ 937

$ 4,603

$ 55,568

$ 238

$ (14)

$ (1,180)

$ 464

$ -

$ -

$ (617)

$ 1,101

$ 148,706

$ 687

$ (1)

$ (3,245)

$ 831

$ 1,073

$ (4,476)

$ 2,604

$ 220,084

$ 740

$ 225

$ (15,078)

$ 1,963

$ -

$ (443)

$ 870

$ 39,497

$ (521)

$ 143,711

$ (27,402)

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ (1,933)

$ -

$ 1,835

$ 19,959

$ 290

$ 1,571

$ 7,373

$ 29,416

$ 205,509

$ -

$ 182,557

$ (37,325)

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ -

$ (1,933)

$ (8,652)

$ (87,618)

$ 395

$ (320)

$ -

$ (111)

$ -

$ -

$ 6,615

$ 25,725

$ 1,951

$ 5,564

$ 54,118

$ 282,129

$ 337,347

$ -

$ 11,050

$ 40,211

$ 1,490

$ 15,034

$ 69,455

$ (11,652)

$ 872,177

83

0

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2 0 0 0

Revenues

As Reported

As Restated

Operating Income

As Reported

As Restated

Income Before Income Taxes,

Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

As Reported

As Restated

Net Income

As Reported

As Restated

Basic Earnings per Share

As Reported

As Restated

Diluted Earnings per Share

As Reported

As Restated

First

Quarter (1)

Second

Quarter (1)

Third

Quarter

Fourth

Quarter

55,036

54,676

7,180

7,333

5,632

5,787

3,041

3,041

0.19

0.19

0.18

0.18

56,120

55,748

9,620

9,925

8,459

8,618

4,872

4,872

0.30

0.30

0.30

0.30

93,004

93,004

9,946

9,946

5,291

5,291

755

755

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.04

133,919

133,919

15,596

15,596

5,905

5,905

2,382

2,382

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

waste handling services, including processing and recycling of

(1) The first two quarters of fiscal 2000 were restated to

wood, paper, metals, plastics and glass, municipal solid waste

present the effects of discontinued operations (see Note 6).

processing and disposal, specialty waste disposal, ash

residue recycling, brokerage of recycled materials and the

13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

manufacturing of finished products using recycled materials.

The Company has entered into an agreement, in June 2000

Any other activities in which the Company is engaged are not

with Louisiana-Pacific Corporation to combine their respective

material to the total results of operations of the Company;

cellulose insulation businesses into a single operating entity

these activities are reflected within the reporting structure

under a joint venture agreement effective August 1, 2000.

84

outlined above. The accounting policies of the business

The Company will contribute the operating assets of its

segments are the same as those described in Note 1.

cellulose insulation manufacturing business together with

12. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(UNAUDITED)

The following is an analysis of certain items in the

$2,500 in cash. The new Company, to be known as U.S.

Green Fiber LLC, is an equally owned joint venture formed

through the combination of Louisiana-Pacific's GreenStone

Consolidated Statements of Operations by quarter for 2000

Industries, Inc. and the Company's U.S. Fiber, Inc. operations.

and 1999.

The new entity will supply cellulose insulation to existing

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 9 9 9

Revenues

As Reported

As Restated

Operating Income

As Reported

As Restated

Income Before Income Taxes,

Discontinued Operations and Extraordinary Item

As Reported

As Restated

Net Income

As Reported

As Restated

Basic Earnings per Share

As Reported

As Restated

Diluted Earnings per Share

As Reported

As Restated

First

Quarter (1)

Second

Quarter (1)

Third

Quarter

Fourth

Quarter

45,084

44,673

5,435

5,390

3,796

3,753

2,121

2,121

0.16

0.16

0.15

0.15

47,813

47,422

5,185

5,185

4,126

4,130

2,208

2,208

0.14

0.14

0.13

0.13

44,109

44,109

3,749

3,749

2,529

2,529

879

879

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

46,353

46,353

5,067

5,067

3,767

3,767

1,407

1,407

0.09

0.09

0.08

0.08

(1) The first two quarters of fiscal 2000 were restated to present the effects of discontinued operations (see Note 6).

residential construction, retail and manufactured housing

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH

supply channels.

ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND

On June 28, 2000, the Company has entered into an

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

agreement with Berkshire Partners of Boston, Massachusetts

None.

to issue $55.8 million worth of redeemable convertible

preferred stock, which may convert into Class A Common

Stock at $14.00 per share. Proceeds will be used to pay

down debt and continue the Company's strategic plan.

Although there are no assurances, it is anticipated that the

agreement will close in August 2000.

PART III

Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Part III (except for information

required with respect to executive officers of the Company

which is set forth under "Executive Officers of the Company"

in Item 1 of Part I of this report) have been omitted from this

report, since the Company expects to file with the Securities

85

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and Exchange Commission, not later than 120 days after the

thereto, among Casella Waste Systems, Inc. ("Casella"), KTI, Inc.

close of its fiscal year, a definitive proxy statement. The

("KTI") and Rutland Acquisition Sub, Inc. (incorporated herein by

information required by Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of this

reference to Annex A to the registration statement on Form S-4

report, which will appear in the definitive proxy statement, is

as filed November 12, 1999(file no,.333-90913)).

incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.

3.1 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of

PART IV

ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT

SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

Casella (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the

registration statement on Form S-8 of Casella as filed November

18, 1998(file no. 333-67487)).

3.3 

Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of Casella

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the registration

statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed September 24, 1997

(file no. 333-33135)).

Item 14(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements included

4.1 

Form of stock certificate of Casella Class A Common

under Item 8:

Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4 to

Report of Independent Public Accountants

Amendment No. 2 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 1999 and 2000

Casella as filed October 9, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended

10.1 

1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan (incorporated herein

April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000.

by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registration statement on Form

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Preferred Stock,

S-1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

Redeemable Put Warrants and Stockholders' Equity for the

10.2 

1994 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (incorporated

Years Ended April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000.

herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the registration statement on

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the Years Ended

Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

April 30, 1998, 1999 and 2000.

10.3 

1996 Stock Option Plan (incorporated herein by

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the registration statement on Form S-

Item 14(a)(2) Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying

1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

Accounts

10.4 

1997 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan

Schedule II - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Amendment

Item 14(a)(3) Exhibits:

86

No. 1 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as

filed September 24, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

The following Exhibits are filed as part of this report under

10.5 

Amended and Restated 1997 Stock Incentive Plan

Item 14(c):

ExhibitNo.  Description

(incorporated herein by reference to the Definitive Proxy Statement

on Schedule 14A of Casella as filed September 21, 1998).

10.6 

Registration Rights Agreement between Casella and

2.1(1)

Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January

Susan Olivieri and Robert MacNeil, dated January 3, 1996

12, 1999 and as amended by Amendments No. 1, 2 and 3

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No. 1 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as

dated as of January 17, 1997 (incorporated herein by reference

filed September 24, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

to Exhibit 10.13 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of

10.7

1995 Stockholders Agreement between Casella and

Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

the stockholders who are a party thereto, dated as of December

10.14

Reorganization Agreement by and among Kenneth H.

22, 1995 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the

Mead, Superior Disposal Services, Inc., Kensue, Inc., S.D.S. at

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

PA, Inc. and Claws Refuse, Inc., dated as of January 17, 1997

1997 (file no. 333-33135)). 

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the

10.8

1995 Registration Rights Agreement between Casella

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

and the stockholders who are a party thereto, dated as of

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

December 22, 1995 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit

10.15

Termination of Lease Agreement by and between

10.8 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed

Casella Associates and Casella Waste Management, Inc. dated

August 7, 1997 (file no.333-33135)).

September 25, 1996 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit

10.9 

1995 Repurchase Agreement between Casella and

10.15 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as

the stockholders who are a party thereto, dated as of December

filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

22, 1995 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the

10.16

Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Term

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

Loan Agreement between the Registrant and BankBoston, dated

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

as of January 12, 1998 (incorporated herein by reference to

10.10 Management Services Agreement between Casella,

Exhibit 10.13 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella

BCI Growth III, L.P., North Atlantic Venture Fund, L.P., and

as filed June 3, 1998 (file no. 333-55879)).

Vermont Venture Capital Fund, L.P., dated as of December 22,

10.17

Lease Agreement, as Amended, between Casella

1995 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the

Associates and Casella Waste Management, Inc., dated

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

December 9, 1994 (Rutland lease) (incorporated herein by

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the registration statement on Form

10.11  Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Casella

S-1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

granted to John W. Casella, dated as of July 26, 1993

10.18 

Lease Agreement, as Amended, between Casella

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Amendment

Associates and Casella Waste Management, Inc., dated

No. 1 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as

December 9, 1994 (Montpelier lease) (incorporated herein by

filed September 24, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the registration statement on Form

10.12  Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Casella

S-1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

87

granted to Douglas R. Casella, dated as of July 26, 1993

10.19

Furniture and Fixtures Lease Renewal Agreement

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Amendment

between Casella Associates and Casella Waste Management,

No. 1 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as

Inc., dated May 1, 1994 (incorporated herein by reference to

filed September 24, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

Exhibit 10.19 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella

10.13  Asset Purchase Agreement by and among Kenneth H.

as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

Mead, Kerkim, Inc. and Casella Waste Management of N.Y.,

0

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10.20

Lease, Operations and Maintenance Agreement

10.27  Amendment No. 1 to Registration Rights Agreement by

between CV Landfill, Inc and the Registrant dated June 30, 1994

and among the Registrant, the All Cycle Stockholders, Winters

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the

Family Partnership and Goldman, Sachs & Co., dated as of June 3,

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

1998. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed June 3,

10.21  Restated Operation and Management Agreement by

1998 (file no. 333-55879)).

and between Clinton County (N.Y.) and the Registrant dated

10.28

Amendment No. 2 to Lease Agreement, by and

September 9, 1996 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit

between Casella Associates and Casella Waste Management, Inc.,

10.21 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed

dated as of November 20, 1997 (Rutland lease). (incorporated

August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the registration statement

10.22 

Labor Utilization Agreement by and between Clinton

on Form S-1 of Casella as filed on June 25, 1998 (file no. 333-

County (N.Y.) and the Registrant dated August 7, 1996

57745)).

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the

10.29  Amendment No. 1 to Stock Option Agreement

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

(incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

8-K of Casella as filed May 13, 1999).

10.23 

Lease and Option Agreement by and between Waste

10.30  Agreement between Penobscot Energy Recovery

U.S.A., Inc. and New England Waste Services of Vermont, Inc.,

Company and Bangor Hydro-Electric Company dated June 21,

dated December 14, 1995 (incorporated herein by reference to

1984, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit

Exhibit 10.23 to the registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella

10.2 to the registration statement on Form S-4 of KTI as filed

as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

October 18, 1994 (file no. 33-85234)). 

10.24  Consulting and Non-Competition Agreement between

10.31  Agreement between Timber Energy Resources, Inc. and

Casella and Kenneth H. Mead, dated January 23, 1997

Florida Power Corporation dated December 31,

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the

1984.(incorporated herein by reference to exhibit 10.31 to the

registration statement on Form S-1 of Casella as filed August 7,

registration statement on Form S-4 as filed November 12,

1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

1999(file no. 333-90913)). 

10.25 

Issuance of Shares by Casella to National Waste

10.32  Steam Agreement between Multitrade Group, Inc. and

Industries, Inc., dated October 19, 1994 (incorporated herein by

Tultex Corporation dated August 11, 1987, as

reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the registration statement on Form S-

amended.(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the

88

1 of Casella as filed August 7, 1997 (file no. 333-33135)).

registration statement on Form S-4 as filed November 12,

10.26  Registration Rights Agreement by and among Casella,

1999(file no. 333-90913)).

Joseph M. Winters, Andrew B. Winters, Brigid Winters, Sean

10.33

Form of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company Waste

Winters and Maureen Winters (the "All Cycle Stockholders"),

Disposal Agreement (City of Bangor) dated April 1, 1991 and

dated as of December 19, 1997. (incorporated herein by reference

Schedule of Substantially Identical Waste Disposal Agreements

Exhibit 10.23 to the registration statement filed on Form S-1 of

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the registration

Casella as filed June 3, 1998 (file no. 333-55879)).

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
statement on Form S-4 of KTI as filed October 18, 1994 (file no. 33-

reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of KTI as

85234)).

filed July 8, 1998).

10.34 

Steam Agreement between Multitrade Group, Inc. and

10.41

Second Amended and Restated Waste Disposal

Bassett-Walker, Inc. dated March 1, 1993, as amended.(incorporated

Agreements between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company and the

herein by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the registration statement on

Municipal Review Committee, Inc. dated June 26, 1998 (incorporated

Form S-4 as filed 

November 12, 1999(file no. 333-90913)). 10.35

herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K

Power Purchase Agreement between Maine Energy Recovery

of KTI as filed July 8, 1998).

Company and Central Maine Power Company dated January 12, 1984,

10.42  Non-Exclusive License to Use Technology between KTI

as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the

and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. dated December 29, 1998

registration statement on Form S-4 of KTI as filed October 18, 1994

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Current Report

(file no. 33-85234)).

on Form 8-K of KTI as filed January 15, 1999)

10.36

Host Municipalities' Waste Handling Agreement among

10.43*

Employment Agreement between Casella Waste

Biddeford-Saco Solid Waste Committee, City of Biddeford, City of Saco

Systems, Inc. and John W. Casella dated December 8, 1999.

and Maine Energy Recovery Company dated June 7, 1991 (incorporated

10.44*

Employment Agreement between Casella Waste

herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the registration statement on Form

Systems, Inc. and James W. Bohlig dated December 8, 1999.

S-4 of KTI as filed October 18, 1994 (file no. 33-85234)).

10.45*

Employment Agreement between Casella Waste

10.37

Form of Maine Energy Recovery Company Waste Handling

Systems, Inc. and Jerry S. Cifor dated December 8, 1999.

Agreement (Town of North Berwick) dated June 7, 1991 and Schedule of

10.46*  Employment Agreement between Casella Waste

Substantially Identical Waste Disposal Agreements (incorporated herein by

Systems, Inc. and Martin J. Sergi dated December 8, 1999.

reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the registration statement on Form S-4 of KTI

10.47*  Employment Agreement between Casella Waste

as filed October 18, 1994 (file no. 33-85234)).

Systems, Inc. and Ross Pirasteh dated December 8, 1999.

10.38

Third Amendment to Power Purchase Agreement between

Maine Energy Recovery Company, L.P. and Central Maine Power

Company dated November 6, 1995.(incorporated herein by reference

to Exhibit 10.38 to the registration statement on Form S-4 as filed

November 12, 1999(file no. 333-90913)).

21.1

23.1

27.1

2000.

27.2 

Subsidiaries of Casella Waste Systems, Inc.

Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP.

Financial Data Schedule - for the year ended April 30,

Financial Data Schedule - for the year ended April 30,

10.39

Steam Supply and Operating Agreement between

1999 - as restated.

Multitrade Group, Inc. and E.I. DuPont De Nemours & Co. dated

27.3

Financial Data Schedule - for the year ended April 30,

February 11, 1998, as amended.(incorporated herein by reference to

1998 - as restated.

89

Exhibit 10.39 to the registration statement on Form S-4 as filed

* - Management Compensation Agreements

November 12, 1999(file no. 333-90913)).

10.40

Amendment No. 2 to Power Purchase Agreement

Item 14(b) Reports on Form 8-K

between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, L.P. and Bangor-

During the quarter ended April 30, 2000 the Company filed no

Hydro Electric Company dated June 26, 1998 (incorporated herein by

reports on Form 8-K:

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90

S I G N AT U R E S

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act

of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be

signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly

authorized.

CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC.

By: /s/ John W. Casella

------------

John W. Casella

President and Chief

Executive Officer

Date: August 4, 2000

/s/ JOHN W. CASELLA
John W. Casella

/s/ JAMES W. BOHLIG
James W. Bohlig

/s/ JERRY S. CIFOR
Jerry S. Cifor

Douglas R. Casella

/s/ JOHN F. CHAPPLE III
John F. Chapple III

/s/ GREGORY B. PETERS

Gregory B. Peters

President and Chief Executive Officer,
Director

Senior Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer, Director

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

Director

Director

Director

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act

Ross Pirasteh

/s/ ROSS PIRASTEH

Chairman of the Board of Directors

August 4, 2000

of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following

persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and

on the date indicated.

/s/ MARTIN J. SERGI

Martin J. Sergi

George Mitchell

Wilbur L. Ross Jr.

Director

Director

Director

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

August 4, 2000

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

state in all material respects the financial data required to be set

ON SCHEDULE

forth therein in relation to the basic financial statements taken as

a whole.

Our audit was made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the

basic financial statements taken as a whole. The Valuation

Accounts Schedule (Schedule II), is presented for purposes of

complying with the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules

Arthur Andersen LLP

/s/ Arthur Andersen LLP

Boston Massachusetts

and are not part of the basic financial statements. This Schedule

June 30, 2000

has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the

audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion, fairly

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Don’t wait for the annual report to follow our progress. Here’s your guide to day-to-day life at Casella Waste Systems

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casella

waste systems, inc.

casella

waste systems, inc.

25 Greens Hill Lane
Rutland, Vermont 05701

(802) 775-0325
(802) 775-6198 Fax
www.casella.com