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Cementir Holding

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FY2015 Annual Report · Cementir Holding
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Consolidated Financial Statements of 

CONSTANTINE METAL RESOURCES LTD. 

(Expressed in Canadian Dollars) 

For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 

S u i t e   3 20   -   8 0 0  W e s t   P e n d e r   S t . ,   V a n c o u ve r ,   B . C .     C an a d a   V 6 C   2 V 6  

P h o n e   ( 6 0 4 )   6 2 9- 2 3 4 8       F a x  ( 6 0 4 )   6 0 8 - 3 8 7 8       

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

To the Shareholders of Constantine Metal Resources Ltd., 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Constantine  Metal  Resources  Ltd.  (“the 
Company”),  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  as  at October  31,  2015  and  2014  and  the 
consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss, cash flows and changes in equity for the years then ended, and a 
summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.   

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, 
and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.  We conducted 
our  audits  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards.  Those  standards  require  that  we  comply 
with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the consolidated financial 
statements are free of material misstatement.   

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated 
financial statements.  The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of 
material  misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.    In  making  those  risk 
assessments,  the  auditor  considers  internal  control  relevant  to  the  entity's  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  the 
consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for 
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control.  An audit also includes evaluating 
the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as 
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion 

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  position  of 
Constantine Metal Resources Ltd. as at October 31, 2015 and 2014 and its financial performance and its cash flows for the 
years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board. 

Emphasis of Matter  

Without qualifying our opinion, we draw attention to Note 1 in the financial statements which indicates that the Company 
has  limited  working  capital,  no  current  sources  of  revenue  and  is  dependent  upon  its  ability  to  secure  new  sources  of 
financing.    These  conditions,  along  with  other  matters  as  set  forth  in  Note  1,  indicate  the  existence  of  a  material 
uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. 

CHARTERED PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS 
Vancouver, Canada 
February 9, 2016 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
As at October 31, 2015 and 2014 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)   

Assets

Current assets:
    Cash
    Amounts receivable
    Exploration costs recoverable from joint venture partner (Note 5a)
    Available-for-sale investments (Note 4)
    Advances and prepaid expenses 

Deposits
Exploration and evaluation properties (Note 5)
Performance bonds
Equipment 

Liabilities

Current liabilities:
    Trade payables and accrued liabilities 
    Deferred recovery of exploration costs (Note 5a)
    Amount due to joint venture partner
    Amounts due to related parties (Note 7)

Equity

Share capital (Note 6)
Stock options reserve (Note 6b)
Warrants reserve
Available-for-sale investments reserve (Note 4)
Deficit

Nature of Operations and Going Concern (Note 1) 
Commitments (Note 12) 
Event Subsequent to the End of the Reporting Period (Note 13) 

On Behalf of the Board of Directors: 

“J. Garfield MacVeigh” 
___________________________ 
Director  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

2015

2014

$             

396,069
39,965
238,334
31,074
21,030
726,472

$             

587,481
11,819
-
100,990
31,864
732,154

19,887
13,176,501
32,688
2,968

27,835
14,419,903
28,178
8,429

$        

13,958,516

$        

15,216,499

$             

282,643
-
-
3,199
285,842

$             

198,569
34,976
23,802
3,966
261,313

20,326,015
1,535,432
432,941
(95,953)
(8,525,761)

20,250,228
1,409,174
432,941
(26,037)
(7,111,120)

13,672,674

14,955,186

$        

13,958,516

$        

15,216,499

“G. Ross McDonald” 
___________________________  
Director 

2 

                
 
 
 
 
 
                 
                 
               
                          
                 
               
                 
                 
               
               
                 
                 
          
          
                 
                 
                   
                   
                          
                 
                          
                 
                   
                   
               
               
          
          
            
            
               
               
               
               
          
          
          
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)   

Expenses:

Amortization
Consulting
General and administrative
Insurance
Legal
Professional fees – audit
Salaries, wages and benefits
Rent (net)
Share-based payments (Note 6b)
Shareholder communications
Travel

Loss from operations
Other Items:
        Gain on foreign exchange
        Write-off of exploration and evaluation properties (Note 5c)
        Recovery of exploration properties previously written off
        Loss on sale of available-for-sale investments (Note 4)

Net loss for the year

Other comprehensive income (loss)
        Change in available-for-sale investments (Note 4)

Comprehensive loss for the year

Basic and diluted loss per share

2015

2014

$

5,461
39,137
200,410
38,222
5,107
21,360
36,037
70,364
126,258
6,487
9,684
        (558,527)

$

10,447
17,776
156,205
33,581
9,874
18,000
128,994
57,675
187,487
29,352
8,499
        (657,890)

2,104
(858,218)
-
-

53,534
(457,256)
12,500
(38,250)

(1,414,641)

(1,087,362)

(69,916)

111,611

$       (1,484,557)

$

(0.01)

$

$

(975,751)

(0.01)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 

116,666,384

116,201,597

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

3 

                
 
 
 
 
 
             
           
           
           
         
         
           
           
             
             
           
           
           
         
           
           
         
         
             
           
             
             
             
           
        
        
                     
           
                     
          
     
     
          
         
 
        
              
              
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)    

Cash provided by (used in):

Operations:

     Net loss for the year

     Items not affecting cash:
       Amortization
       Share-based payments (Note 6b)
       Write-off of exploration and evaluation properties (Note 5b(v))
       Loss on available-for-sale investments (Note 4)
       Recovery of exploration properties amount previously written off

     Changes in non-cash working capital accounts:

       Amounts receivable
       Deposits
       Amount due to joint venture partner
       Trade payables and accrued liabilities
       Recovery of exploration costs (Note 5a)
       Reclamation bonds
       Amounts due to related parties (Note 7)
       Advances and prepaid expenses

Investing activities:
     Exploration and evalution properties (Note 5)
     Recovery of exploration and evalution property expenditures (Note 5a)
     Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale investments (Note 4)

Increase (decrease) in cash

Cash, beginning of year
Cash, end of year

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:

    Accounts payable related to exploration and evaluation properties
    Value of shares issued for success fee on Palmer option agreement (Notes 5a and 6a)
    Interest received
    Value of shares issued for mineral properties (Note 6a)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

2015

2014

$

(1,414,641)

$

(1,087,362)

5,461
126,258
858,218
-
-

(28,146)
7,948
(23,802)
(4,962)
(273,310)
(4,510)
(767)
10,834
(741,419)

10,447
187,487
457,256
38,250
(12,500)

349
6,720
(5,683)
(4,750)
143,830
(28,178)
(14,741)
2,126
(306,749)

(6,588,919)
7,138,926
-

(7,389,637)
8,028,060
74,250

550,007

712,673

$

$

(191,412)

587,481
396,069

265,659
69,067
-
6,720

$

$

405,924

181,557
587,481

176,623
-
-
23,691

4 

                
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
          
            
      
          
      
          
                  
            
                  
          
       
                 
          
              
       
            
         
            
     
          
         
          
            
          
        
              
     
        
  
     
   
       
                  
            
      
          
     
          
      
          
      
          
      
          
        
                 
              
                 
          
            
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)    

Share Capital

Reserves

Number of Shares Capital Stock

Stock 
Options

Warrants

Available-
for-Sale
Investments

Deficit

Total Equity

116,008,665

$  

20,226,538

$ 
1,221,687

$ 
432,941

$   

(137,648)

$  

(6,023,758)

$   

15,719,760

-

-
-

-

-
-

-

-
187,487

-

-
-

-

(1,087,362)

(1,087,362)

111,611
-

-
-

111,611
187,487

296,000
116,304,665
-

$  

23,690
20,250,228
-

-
1,409,174
$ 
-

-
432,941
$ 
-

$     

-
(26,037)
-

$  

-
(7,111,120)
(1,414,641)

$   

23,690
14,955,186
(1,414,641)

-
-

-
-

-
126,258

541,336

75,787

-

-
-

-

(69,916)
-

-

-
-

-

(69,916)
126,258

75,787

Balance, October 31, 2013

Net loss for the year

Unrealized gain (loss)on available-for-sale 
investments (Note 4)
Share-based payments 

Shares issued for exploration and 
evaluation properties (Note 6a)

Balance, October 31, 2014
Net loss for the year

Unrealized gain (loss)on available-for-sale 
investments (Note 4)
Share-based payments (Note 6b)

Shares issued for exploration and 
evaluation properties (Note 6a)

Balance, October 31, 2015

116,846,001

$  

20,326,015

$ 
1,535,432

$ 
432,941

$     

(95,953)

$  

(8,525,761)

13,672,674

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

5 

                
 
 
 
 
 
          
                             
                    
                  
               
                  
    
     
                             
                    
                  
               
      
                    
          
                             
                    
      
               
                  
                    
          
                 
           
                  
               
                  
                    
            
          
                             
                    
                  
               
                  
    
     
                             
                    
                  
               
       
                    
          
                             
                    
      
               
                  
                    
          
                 
           
                  
               
                  
                    
            
          
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

1.  Nature of Operations and Going Concern 

The Company is in the business of acquiring interests in resource properties that are considered to be sites 
of  potential  economic  mineralization,  and  then  subsequently  developing  such  assets  with  a  view  to 
enhancing  their  value  and  to  bringing  on  a  major  mining  partner  for  development  of  the  assets.    The 
Company  may  sell  property  for  an  enhanced  value  or  seek  a  major  mining  partner  to  advance  one  of  its 
projects on a joint venture basis. Currently the Company is principally engaged in the exploration of mineral 
properties  which  cannot  be  considered  economic  until  a  commercial  feasibility  study  has  been  completed.  
The  Company  has  no  sources  of  operating  revenue  and,  except  for  cash  flow  generated  from  exploration 
management fees, property option fees and sale of available-for-sale investments, is dependent upon equity 
financing  to  maintain  current  operations  and  to  ultimately  develop  a  mineral  property  interest  or  interests 
which can be profitably sold or further developed and placed into successful commercial production.   

The  Company  has  not  generated  any  revenue  since  inception  and  has  never  paid  any  dividends  and  is 
unlikely  to  pay  dividends  or  generate  earnings  in  the  immediate  or  foreseeable  future.  As  at  October  31, 
2015,  the  Company  has  incurred  losses  since  inception  and  has  an  accumulated  operating  deficit  of 
$8,525,761.  The continuation and long-term viability of the Company remains dependent upon its ability to 
obtain  necessary  equity  financing  to  continue  operations  and  to  determine  the  existence,  discovery  and 
successful  exploitation  of  economically  recoverable  reserves  in  its  resource  properties,  confirmation  of  the 
Company’s interests in the underlying properties, and the attainment of profitable operations. 

To continue operations the Company will have to raise additional funds and while it has been successful in 
doing  so  in  the  past,  there  can  be  no  assurance  it  will  be  able  to  do  so  in  the  future.    These  financial 
statements reflect no adjustments which may become necessary in the event that the Company is unable to 
continue  as  a  going  concern.    These  conditions  indicate  the  existence  of  material  uncertainties  that  cast 
significant doubt that the Company will be able to continue on a going concern basis. 

The head office and principal address of the Company is #320 – 800 West Pender Street, Vancouver, British 
Columbia, Canada, V6C 2V6. 

2.  Basis of Preparation 

a)  Statement of Compliance 

The  accompanying  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“IASB”).  The 
accounting  policies,  methods  of  computation  and  presentation  applied  in  these  financial  statements  are 
consistent with those of the previous financial year.  

b)  Approval of Consolidated Financial Statements  

These  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Company  for  the  years  ended  October  31,  2015  and  2014 
were approved and authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on February 9, 2016. 

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 100% controlled entity, 
Constantine North Inc. (an Alaska corporation). 

Inter-company  balances  and  transactions,  including  unrealized  income  and  expenses  arising  from  inter-
company transactions, are eliminated on consolidation. 

6 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

2.  Basis of Preparation (continued) 

c)  Adoption of New Standards  

At  the  date  of  authorization  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  IASB  and  IFRS  Interpretations 
Committee (“IFRIC”) have issued the following new and revised standards and interpretations. 

During  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015,  the  following  standards  were  adopted  but  have  had  no  material 
impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company: 

i) 

ii) 

iii) 

iv) 
v) 
vi) 

vii) 

IFRS 7 (Amendment): This standard is amended to enhance disclosure requirements related to 
offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities. 
IFRS  10:  New  standard  to  establish  principles  for  the  presentation  and  preparation  of 
consolidated financial statements. 
IFRS  11:  New  standard  to  account  for  the  rights  and  obligations  in  accordance  with  a  joint 
agreement 
IFRS 12: New standard for the disclosure of interest in other entities not within the scope of  
IFRS 13: New standard on the measurement and disclosure of fair value. 
IAS 27 (Amendment): As a result of the issue of IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IFRS 12. IAS 27 deals 
solely with separate financial statements. 
IAS  28  (Amendment):  New  standard  issued  that  supersedes  IAS  28  (2003)  to  prescribe  the 
application of the equity method to investments in associates and joint ventures. 

d)  New standards and interpretations not yet adopted 

Other accounting standards or amendments to existing accounting standards that have been issued but have 
future  effective  dates  are  either  not  applicable  or  are  not  expected  to  have  a  significant  impact  on  the 
Company’s financial statements. 

The Company has not early adopted these standards and is currently assessing the impact these standards 
will have on its financial statements. 

i) 

ii) 

IFRS  9:  New  standard  that  replaced  IAS  39  for  classification  and  measurement  of  financial 
assets, effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018;  
IAS 32 (Amendment):  Standard amended to clarify requirements for offsetting financial assets 
and financial liabilities, effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 2014. 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies 

a)  Judgments and estimates 

The  preparation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  judgments, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, 
revenues and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and 
various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances and which form the basis of 
making  judgments  about  carrying  values  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  readily  apparent  from  other 
sources.  Actual  results  may  differ  from  these  estimates.  The  estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are 
reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the 
estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and further periods 
if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

7 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Significant areas requiring the use of estimates relate to the determination of impairment of exploration and 
evaluation properties, determination of mineral reserves, and provision for closure and reclamation. 

b)  Foreign currency translation 

The  functional  and  reporting  currency  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiary  is  the  Canadian  dollar.  
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing 
on the dates of transactions.  Monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are 
translated at the rates prevailing at each reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in 
foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange 
rate at the date the fair value was determined.  Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical 
cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  not  retranslated.    Foreign  currency  translation  differences  are  recognized  in 
profit  or  loss,  except  for  differences  on  the  retranslation  of  available-for-sale  instruments,  which  are 
recognized in other comprehensive loss. 

c)  Exploration and Evaluation Properties 

Costs directly related to the exploration and evaluation of resource properties are capitalized once the legal 
rights  to  explore  the  resource  properties  are  acquired  or  obtained.  When  the  technical  and  commercial 
viability  of  a  mineral  resource  have  been  demonstrated  and  a  development  decision  has  been  made,  the 
capitalized costs of the related property are transferred to mining assets and depreciated using the units of 
production method on commencement of commercial production. 

If  it  is  determined  that  capitalized  acquisition,  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  are  not  recoverable,  or  the 
property is abandoned or management has determined an impairment in value, the property is written down 
to its recoverable amount. Resource properties are reviewed for impairment at each reporting date. 

From  time  to  time,  the  Company  acquires  or  disposes  of  properties  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  option 
agreements. Options are exercisable entirely at the discretion of the optionee and, accordingly, are recorded 
as mineral property costs or recoveries when the payments are made or received. After costs are recovered, 
the balance of the payments received are recorded as a gain on option or disposition of mineral property.  

Although the Company has taken steps to verify title to the properties on which it is conducting exploration 
and in which it has an interest, in accordance with industry standards for the current stage of exploration of 
such  properties,  these  procedures  do  not  guarantee  the  Company’s  title.   Property  title  may  be  subject  to 
unregistered prior agreements and non-compliance with regulatory requirements. 

d) 

Impairment of Non-current Assets 

The  Company’s  tangible  and  intangible  assets  are  reviewed  for  an  indication  of  impairment  at  the  end  of 
each reporting period.  If an indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an estimate of the asset’s 
recoverable amount.  Individual assets are grouped for impairment assessment purposes at the lowest level 
at  which there are  identifiable cash flows that  are  largely  independent  of the cash flows of other groups of 
assets.    The  recoverable  amount  of  an  asset  group  is  the  higher  of  its  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  its 
value in use.  Where the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset group 
is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.  Impairment losses are recognized in 
profit or loss to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.  In assessing value in use, 
the estimated future cash flows are adjusted for the risks specific to the asset group and are discounted to 
their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money. 

8 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

An  assessment  is  made  at  each  reporting  date  as  to  whether  there  is  any  indication  that  previously 
recognized  impairment  losses  may  no  longer  exist  or  may  have  decreased.    If  such  indication  exists,  the 
recoverable amount is estimated.  A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been 
a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount.    An  impairment  loss  is 
reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would 
have been determined, net of depreciation, if no impairment loss had been recognized. 

e)  Provision for Closure and Reclamation 

The  Company  recognizes  liabilities  for  legal  or  constructive  obligations  associated  with  the  retirement  of 
resource properties and equipment. The net present value of future rehabilitation costs is capitalized to the 
related asset along with a corresponding increase in the rehabilitation provision in the period incurred.  

Discount rates using a pre-tax rate that reflect the time value of money are used to calculate the net present 
value. 

The  Company’s  estimates  of  reclamation  costs  could  change  as  a  result  of  changes  in  regulatory 
requirements, discount rates and assumptions regarding the  amount and timing of the future expenditures. 
These  changes  are  recorded  directly  to  the  related  assets  with  a  corresponding  entry  to  the  rehabilitation 
provision. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense. 

f) 

Income Taxes 

The Company uses the balance sheet method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred 
tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between 
the  financial  statement  carrying  amounts  of  existing  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  respective  tax  basis. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using substantively enacted tax rates expected to apply to 
taxable income in the  years in  which those  temporary  differences are expected to be recovered or settled. 
Deferred  income  tax  assets  also  result  from  unused  loss  carry-forwards,  resource  related  pools  and  other 
deductions. A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary 
differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can 
be utilized.  

Deferred  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  are  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer 
probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. 

g)  Share-based Payments 

The Company has a stock option plan that is described in Note 6c. Share-based payments to employees are 
measured at the fair  value of the instruments issued  and  amortized over  the vesting  periods.  Share-based 
payments  to  non-employees  are  measured  at  the  fair  value  of  the  goods  or  services  received  or  the  fair 
value  of the equity  instruments issued, if it is determined the fair  value of the  goods or services cannot  be 
reliably measured, and are recorded at the date the goods or services are received. The amount recognized 
as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards expected to vest. The offset to the recorded cost 
is  to  stock  options  reserve.    Consideration  received  on  the  exercise  of  stock  options  is  recorded  as  share 
capital  and  the  related  stock  options  reserve  is  transferred  to  share  capital.  Charges  for  options  that  are 
forfeited before vesting are reversed from stock options reserve. 

9 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

h)  Loss per Share 

Basic  loss  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  loss  available  to  common  shareholders  by  the  weighted 
average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  in  the  year.  For  all  years  presented,  the  loss  available  to 
common  shareholders  equals  the  reported  loss.  Diluted  loss  per  share  is  calculated  by  the  treasury  stock 
method. Under the treasury stock method, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for 
the calculation of diluted loss per share assumes that the proceeds to be received on the exercise of dilutive 
share options and warrants are used to repurchase common shares at the average market price during the 
period. In the Company’s case, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share, as the effects of 
including all outstanding options and warrants would be anti-dilutive. 

i)  Advances from Joint Venture Partner 

When  acting  as  operator  of  a  particular  project,  the  Company  typically  receives  funds  in  advance  of 
performing exploration work. The Company records such advances as a deferred liability until such time as 
the applicable costs are incurred, at which point these advances are offset against the costs.    

j)  Financial Instruments and Comprehensive Income 

i) 

Financial Assets 

The  Company  classifies  its  financial  assets  in  the  following  categories:  held-to-maturity,  fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss  (“FVTPL”),  loans  and  receivables,  and  available-for-sale  (“AFS”). 
The  classification  depends  on  the  purpose  for  which  the  financial  assets  were  acquired. 
Management determines the classification of financial assets at recognition. 

Held-to-maturity 

Held-to-maturity financial assets are recognized on a trade-date basis and are initially measured 
at fair value using the effective interest rate method. The Company has no assets classified as 
held-to-maturity. 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) 

Financial  assets  at  FVTPL  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  fair  value 
recorded through profit or loss. Cash is included in this category of financial assets. 

Loans and receivables 

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments 
that  are  not  quoted  in  an  active  market.  They  are  classified  as  current  assets  or  non-current 
assets  based  on  their  maturity  date.  Loans  and  receivables  are  carried  at  amortized  cost  less 
any impairment. Loans and receivables comprise amounts receivable. 

Available-for-sale financial assets 

AFS financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated as available-for-sale or not 
classified  in  any  of  the  other  financial  asset  categories.  Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  AFS 
financial assets are recognized as other comprehensive income and classified as a component 
of equity. AFS assets include investments in marketable securities. 

10 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Management  assesses  the  carrying  value  of  AFS  financial  assets  at  least  annually  and  any 
impairment  charges  are  also  recognized  in  profit  or  loss.  When  financial  assets  classified  as 
AFS  are  sold,  the  accumulated  fair  value  adjustments  recognized  in  other  comprehensive 
income are included in profit or loss. 

ii)  Financial Liabilities 

The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following categories: 

Borrowings and other financial liabilities 

Borrowings  and  other  financial  liabilities  are  non-derivatives  and  are  recognized  initially  at  fair 
value,  net  of  transaction  costs  incurred,  and  are  subsequently  stated  at  amortized  cost.  Any 
difference between the amounts originally received, net of transaction costs, and the redemption 
value is recognized in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss over the period to maturity 
using the effective interest method. 

Borrowings and other financial liabilities are classified as current or non-current based on their 
maturity date. Financial liabilities include trade payables and accrued liabilities, amounts due to 
joint venture partner and amounts due to related parties. 

iii)  Fair Value Hierarchy 

Fair value measurements of financial instruments are required to be classified using a fair value 
hierarchy that reflects the significance of inputs in making the measurements. The levels of the 
fair value hierarchy are defined as follows: 

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

Level  2 – Inputs other than quoted  prices included  within Level  1 that are  observable for the 
asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.  

Level 3 – Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data.  

k)  Share Capital 

The  Company  records  proceeds  from  share  issuances,  net  of  issue  costs.  Common  shares  issued  for 
consideration  other  than  cash  are  valued  based  on  their  market  value  at  the  date  the  agreement  to  issue 
shares was concluded. 

l)  Valuation of Equity Units Issued in Private Placements 

Proceeds received on the issuance of units, consisting of common shares and warrants, are allocated first to 
common shares based on  the market trading  price  of the common shares at the time the units are priced, 
and any excess is allocated to warrants. 

11 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

4.  Available-for-Sale Investments 

The  following  table  is  a  summary  of  the  Company’s  available-for-sale  investments  as  at  October  31,  2015 
and 2014: 

October 31, 2015

 October 31, 2014

Number
of Shares

Cost

Fair
Value

Number
of Shares

Cost

Fair
Value

Dunnedin Ventures Inc. 

776,844

 $    91,527   $      31,074 

776,844

 $  91,527   $      100,990 

For the year ended October 31, 2015, the Company recorded an unrealized loss of $69,916 (2014-$111,611 
gain) on its available-for-sale investments.  As at October 31, 2015, the balance of the Company’s available-
for-sale investment reserve is $(95,953) (October 31, 2014-($26,037)). 

In  September  2014,  the  Company  sold  750,000  shares  of  Dunnedin  Ventures  Inc.  for  net  proceeds  of 
$74,250.  The Company recorded a gain on disposal of available-for-sale investments of $38,250. 

On  July  31,  2014,  the  Company  received  250,000  shares  of  Dunnedin  Ventures  Inc.  as  part  of  the 
consideration paid for the sale of the Trapper property in 2013, which was written off at the time of sale.  The 
250,000  shares  were  valued  at  $12,500,  which  has  been  recorded  as  a  recovery  of  exploration  properties 
amount previously written off. 

12 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties  

The following tables are a summary of the Company’s exploration and evaluation property interests: 

Balance

October 31
2013

Fiscal 

2014
Expenditures

Balance

 Oct  31
2014

Fiscal 

Balance

2015
Expenditures

 October 31
2015

Palmer Property, Alaska, USA 
Acquisition costs 

$           

878,712

$                      
-

$        

878,712

$                      
-

$        

878,712

   Less: Recovery of acquisition costs

(389,644)

(267,197)

(656,841)

(213,589)

(870,430)

Advance royalty payments

Assaying and testing

Field transportation

Geophysics

Drilling
Property maintenance 

Geology and field support

Environmental 

Technical consulting

Travel

Cost recoveries

Haines Block
Acquisition costs

Field transportation

Geophysics

Drilling

Geology and field support

Environmental 

Travel

Cost recoveries

Total Alaska Properties

(continued on next page) 

337,123

238,288

2,975,501

434,550

5,214,338
465,113

2,079,431

-

1,160,974

206,396

46,351

86,792

383,474

325,080

1,175,359

4,150,860

78,214

3,745,517
57,452

1,517,087

331,198

512,764

8,959,855
522,565

3,596,518

331,198

52,952

59,286

812,870

237,573

3,338,002
88,569

1,555,167

415,013

436,426

384,366

4,963,730

750,337

12,297,857
611,134

5,151,685

746,211

-

1,160,974

-

1,160,974

58,806

265,202

126,006

391,208

(2,589,306)

(7,444,617)

(10,033,923)

(6,992,040)

(17,025,963)

11,011,476

(615,038)

10,396,438

(520,191)

9,876,247

$                      
-

$             

32,893

$          

32,893

$            

63,114

$          

96,007

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

161,139

34,356

240,136

92,738

22,986

5,781

161,139

34,356

240,136

92,738

22,986

5,781

(565,148)

(565,148)

$                      
-
$      
11,011,476

$             
$         

32,893
(582,145)

$          
$    

32,893
10,429,331

$            
$         

55,102
(465,089)

$          
$      

87,995
9,964,242

13 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
           
         
           
         
             
              
          
              
          
             
              
          
              
          
          
          
       
            
       
             
              
          
            
          
          
          
       
         
      
             
              
          
              
          
          
          
       
         
       
                        
             
          
            
          
          
                        
       
                        
       
             
              
          
            
          
        
        
    
        
    
        
           
      
           
       
                        
                        
                      
            
          
                        
                        
                      
              
            
                        
                        
                      
            
          
                        
                        
                      
              
            
                        
                        
                      
              
            
                        
                        
                      
                
              
                        
                        
                      
           
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties (continued) 

Balance

October 31
2013

Fiscal

Balance

Fiscal

Balance

2014
Expenditures

 October 31
2014

2015
Expenditures

 October 31
2015

$           

481,578

1,967

107,655

1,127,740

22,298

149,446

65,780

179,529

340,262

-

-

1,096

-

1,058

2,741

-

483,545

107,655

1,127,740

23,394

149,446

66,838

182,270

340,262

1,627

-

-

284

-

288

1,660

-

485,172

107,655

1,127,740

23,678

149,446

67,126

183,930

340,262

2,474,288

6,862

2,481,150

3,859

2,485,009

114,681

23,367

243,471

56,893

946

7,485

81,447

33,107

561,397

29,505

23,283

151,640

11,943

160,669

424,808

84,466

15,601

5,000

-

-

-

-

-

226

-

5,226

38,549

17,546

244,973

10,571

-

83,976

6,504

14,967

119,681

23,367

243,471

56,893

946

7,485

81,673

33,107

566,623

68,054

40,829

396,613

22,514

160,669

508,784

90,970

30,568

5,000

1,353

-

-

-

573

-

6,215

13,141

48,720

-

-

-

-

10,232

-

-

124,681

24,720

243,471

56,893

946

8,058

81,673

39,322

579,764

116,774

40,829

396,613

22,514

160,669

519,016

90,970

30,568

(776,014)

125,901

(457,508)

(1,233,522)

(40,422)

85,479

3,054

62,006

(1,230,468)

147,485

$        

3,161,586

$           

(28,334)

$      

3,133,252

$            

79,006

$      

3,212,258

Ontario Properties:

Munro-Croesus Property, ON, Canada
Acquisition costs

Assaying and testing

Drilling

Field transportation

Geophysics

Travel

Geology and field support

Technical consulting

Four Corners Property, ON, Canada 
Acquisition costs

Assaying and testing

Drilling

Geophysics

Field Transportation

Travel

Technical consulting

Geology and field support

Golden Mile Property, ON, Canada
Acquisition costs

Assaying and testing

Drilling

Field transportation

Geophysics

Geology and field support

Technical consulting

Travel

Cost recoveries

 (continued on next page)

14 

                
 
 
 
 
 
                
          
                
          
             
                        
          
                        
          
          
                        
       
                        
       
              
                
            
                   
            
             
                        
          
                        
          
              
                
            
                   
            
             
                
          
                
          
             
                        
          
                        
          
          
                
       
                
       
             
                
          
                
          
              
                        
            
                
            
             
                        
          
                        
          
              
                        
            
                        
            
                   
                        
                 
                        
                 
                
                        
              
                   
              
              
                   
            
                        
            
              
                        
            
                
            
             
                
          
              
          
              
              
            
              
          
              
              
            
                        
            
             
             
          
                        
          
              
              
            
                        
            
             
                        
          
                        
          
             
              
          
              
          
              
                
            
                        
            
              
              
            
                        
            
           
           
      
                
      
             
             
            
              
          
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties (continued) 

Ontario Properties (Balance forward)

$        

3,161,586

$           

(28,334)

$      

3,133,252

$            

79,006

$      

3,212,258

Balance

October 31

Fiscal

2014

Balance

 October  31

Fiscal

2015

Balance

 October 31

2013

Expenditures

2014

Expenditures

2015

Phoenix Gold Property, ON, Canada
Acquisition costs

Assaying and testing

Field transportation

Geology and field support

Geophysics

Technical consulting

Travel

Write-off exploration and evaluation
property

Sub-total of Ontario Properties

Trapper Gold Property, B.C., Canada 
Acquisition costs

Assaying and testing

Field transportation

Geology and field support

Technical consulting

Travel

Cost recoveries

Yukon, Canada
Acquisition costs
Assaying and testing
Field transportation
Geology
Geochemisty
Technical consulting
Other
Cost recoveries
Writedown of  exploration and evaluation 
properties 

124,125

15,688

6,238

32,964

216,846

41,255

20,140

-

457,256

3,618,842

94,281

3,224

6,055

12,684

24,784

6,079

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(457,256)

(457,256)

(485,590)

124,125

15,688

6,238

32,964

216,846

41,255

20,140

(457,256)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

124,125

15,688

6,238

32,964

216,846

41,255

20,140

(457,256)

-

3,133,252

79,006

3,212,258

7,500

101,781

-

-

-

-

-

3,224

6,055

12,684

24,784

6,079

(147,107)

(7,500)

(154,607)

-

-

-

52,401
197,379
476,911
184,588
290,093
61,608
578,278
(25,000)

(953,420)

862,838

-
-
-
165
-
-
(5,683)
-

-

(5,518)

52,401
197,379
476,911
184,753
290,093
61,608
572,595
(25,000)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-
-
-
-
-
-
899
-

101,781

3,224

6,055

12,684

24,784

6,079

(154,607)

-

52,401
197,379
476,911
184,753
290,093
61,608
573,494
(25,000)

(953,420)

857,320

(858,218)

(857,319)

(1,811,638)

1

Total Other Properties

$        

4,481,680

$         

(491,108)

$      

3,990,572

$         

(778,313)

$      

3,212,259

Total Alaska and  Other Properties

$      

15,493,156

$      

(1,073,253)

$    

14,419,903

$      

(1,243,402)

$    

13,176,501

15 

                
 
 
 
 
 
             
                        
          
                        
          
              
                        
            
                        
            
                
                        
              
                        
              
              
                        
            
                        
            
             
                        
          
                        
          
              
                        
            
                        
            
              
                        
            
                        
            
                        
           
         
                        
         
             
           
                      
                        
                      
          
           
       
              
       
              
                
          
                        
          
                
                        
              
                        
              
                
                        
              
                        
              
              
                        
            
                        
            
              
                        
            
                        
            
                
                        
              
                        
              
           
               
         
                        
         
                        
                        
                      
                        
                      
              
                        
            
                        
            
             
                        
          
                        
          
             
                        
          
                        
          
             
                   
          
                        
          
             
                        
          
                        
          
              
                        
            
                        
            
             
               
          
                   
          
             
                        
           
                        
           
           
                        
         
           
      
             
               
          
           
                     
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties (continued) 

a)  Palmer Project, Alaska USA 

The  Palmer  property  is  comprised  of  340  federal  mining  claims  subject  to  a  99  year  mining  lease,  dated 
December  19,  1997,  and  63  state  mining  claims  located  near  Haines,  Alaska.    To  maintain  the  lease,  the 
Company is required to make annual advance royalty payments of US$42,500 and pay Federal claim annual 
maintenance fees, which were US$52,700 in 2015.   

The lease is subject to a 2.5% net smelter returns (“NSR”) royalty.  The Company has a right of first refusal 
to purchase the NSR or any portion thereof at any time during the term of the lease.  The advance royalty 
payments are deductible from the NSR royalty. 

Option and Joint Venture Agreement with Dowa Metals & Mining Co., Ltd (“Dowa”) 

On  February  1,  2013,  the  Company  signed  an  option  and  joint  venture  agreement  (the  “Property 
Agreement”) with Dowa relating to the Palmer Property, Alaska (the “Project”).  

Under  the  terms  of  the  Property  Agreement,  Dowa  has  an  option  to  earn  a  49%  interest  in  the  Project  by 
making  aggregate  expenditures  of  US$22,000,000  over  a  four  year  period.  Expenditures  for  each  year, 
including option payments, shall not be less than US$3,000,000. Included in the aggregate expenditures are 
cash  payments  to  the  Company  totaling  US$1,250,000  over  four  years,  of  which  US$1,000,000  has  been 
received to date.  The Company is the operator during the earn-in period.   

Following Dowa’s completion of the required earn-in expenditures and their exercise of the option, a 51:49 
joint venture (the “Joint Venture”) between the Company (51%) and Dowa (49%) is planned for the Project, 
whereby  the  Company  shall  continue  as  operator.  After  formation  of  the  Joint  Venture,  the  Property 
Agreement  anticipates  that  each  party  shall  be  responsible  for  its  proportionate  share  of  expenses 
determined on the basis of ownership or suffer dilution according to standard dilution provisions. 

The  Property  Agreement  also  includes  terms  that  allow  Dowa  to  acquire  certain  zinc  and  copper  off-take 
rights in stages, during and upon completion of the earn-in option period.  

From  inception  of  the  Property  Agreement  to  October  31,  2015,  the  Company  received  an  aggregate  of 
US$15,681,535  from  Dowa  in  respect  of  exploration  expenditures  incurred.    An  amount  of  $238,334  in 
recoverable exploration expenditures was also due from Dowa as at October 31, 2015, which was received 
in  November  2015.    At  the  end  of  the  comparative  year,  the  Company  had  unspent  cash  call  funds  from 
Dowa  in  the  amount  of  $34,976,  which  were  recorded  as  a  deferred  recovery  of  exploration  costs  in  the 
Company’s October 31, 2014 statement of financial position.  

In  March  2015,  a  finder’s  fee  payment  of  US$75,970  was  paid  in  connection  with  the  Property  Agreement 
transaction, of which $20,000 was paid in cash and the balance in shares of the Company by the issuance of 
493,336 common shares at a deemed value of $69,067. 

16 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties (continued) 

Haines Block Lease 

In  April  2014,  the  Company  was  the  successful  applicant  in  a  competitive  lease  process  offered  by  the 
Alaska  Mental  Health  Trust  Authority  (the  “Trust”)  for  the  mineral  exploration  and  development  of  an 
approximately 92,000 acre package of land (the “Haines Block”).  A formal lease agreement on the property 
was completed and signed in September 2014.  The principal terms of the lease agreement are as follows: 

1.  Annual payments of US$25,000 per year for the initial 3 year lease term, US$40,000 for years 4 to 6, 

US$55,000 for years 7 through 9;  

2.  Work commitments of US$75,000 per year, escalating by US$50,000 annually; 
3.  Annual payments are replaced by royalty payments upon achieving commercial production; 
4.  Production royalties payable to the Trust include a sliding scale 1% to 4.5% royalty for gold, based 

on gold price, and a 3.5% royalty on minerals other than gold.  

The Haines  Block is contiguous  with and surrounds the Federal  and  State mining claims that make up the 
Palmer Property.  The Company paid an aggregate of US$25,500 as part of the lease application process, 
which includes the first year’s lease of the property. 

Haines Block Selection Agreement 

In  July  2015,  the  Company  signed  a  Selection  Agreement  (the  “Selection  Agreement”)  with  Dowa  on  the 
Haines Block mining  lease. Under the terms of the  Selection  Agreement, Dowa selected a small subset of 
the  Haines  Block  (the  “Selection  Area”)  including  both  surface  and  mineral  rights,  to  become  part  of  the 
Agreement.  The remaining mineral rights of the Haines Block, representing approximately 96 percent of the 
total  Haines  Block  land  package,  are  100  percent  Constantine-owned,  subject  to  a  Right  of  First  Offer 
(“ROFO”) by Dowa that expires on September 1, 2017.  

The main elements of the Selection Agreement are as follows: 

1.  Dowa  has  selected  a  Haines  Block  land  parcel  with  surface  and  mineral  rights  comprising 
approximately 3483 acres, exclusive of all pre-existing federal claims, to be included as part of the 
Palmer Property and therefore subject to Dowa’s option to earn a 49% joint venture interest.   

2.  Constantine  will  maintain  its  100%  interest  in  the  balance  of  the  property  of  the  Haines  Block 
exclusive of the Selection Area and any exploration done in such area outside of the Selection Area 
will be at Constantine’s expense.  

3.  Dowa and Constantine will share the annual rental requirements of the Lease of US$25,000 for the 
first 3 year lease term, in a proportion of 49:51, which are amounts of US$12,250 and US$12,750, 
respectively, until a Joint Venture (“JV”) is formed.  

4.  Dowa  will  meet  the  minimum  exploration  requirements  of  the  Lease  during  the  Option  period  and 
until such time as a JV is formed.  These minimum requirements are US$75,000 by  September 1, 
2015,  escalating  by  US$50,000  annually  thereafter  and  these  expenditures  will  be  deemed  to  be 
earn-in expenditures paid by Dowa.  

5.  Constantine has granted Dowa a ROFO on Haines Block lands located outside of the Selection Area 
for a 3 year period beginning as of September 1, 2014, and terminating on September 1, 2017. 

17 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

5.  Exploration and Evaluation Properties (continued) 

b)  Ontario Properties 

i)  Munro-Croesus Property 

The Company owns 100% of the Munro-Croesus gold mineral property, including the former Munro-
Croesus gold mine, consisting of 22 patented mining  claims and leases (416 hectares), located  90 
kilometers east of Timmins, Ontario. 

Under the terms of the original acquisition agreement, there is a 2% NSR production royalty payable 
on the property, of which 0.5% can be purchased by the Company for $1,000,000, with a right of first 
refusal on the remaining 1.5% NSR royalty.  

ii)  Golden Mile Property 

In March 2012, the Company entered into an option agreement to acquire the Golden Mile property 
in northern Ontario, Canada.  Under the terms of the agreement, in order to maintain the option the 
Company must make payments of $175,000 and issue 180,000 of the Company’s shares over a four 
year  period  commencing  on  December  10,  2012.    A  total  of  $72,000  has  been  paid  and  a  total  of 
120,000 shares have been issued as at October 31, 2015. See Note 13.  

iii)  Four Corners Property 

The Company owns a 100% interest in the 63 claim Four Corners property located east of Timmins, 
Ontario.    Under  the  terms of  the  original  acquisition  agreement,  the  vendors  retained  a  2.5%  NSR 
royalty  of  which  1.0%  can  be  purchased  by  the  Company  at  any  time  for  $500,000,  with  a  right  of 
first refusal on the remaining 1.5% NSR royalty. 

c)  Yukon Land Position and Joint Venture  

The Company and Carlin Gold Corporation (“Carlin Gold”) control over 3,000 claims in the Mayo and Watson 
Lake  Mining  Districts,  Yukon.  The  claims  are  distributed  in  twelve  blocks  that  total  approximately  65,000 
hectares (250 square miles).  

In  April  2015,  subsequent  to  an  impairment  review  in  accordance  with  IFRS,  the  Company  recorded  a 
$858,218 writedown of the property to a carrying value of $1. 

18 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

6.  Share Capital  

a)  Common Shares 

Authorized:  unlimited common shares without par value 

Issued and outstanding:  116,846,001 common shares 

i)  On March 6, 2015, the Company issued 493,336 shares valued at $69,067 as part of a success 
fee payment in regard to the option and joint venture agreement on the Palmer property (Note 
5a). 

ii)  On  December  10,  2014,  the  Company  issued  48,000  shares  valued  at  $6,720  related  to  the 

Golden Mile property (Note 5b(ii)). 

iii)  On April 29, 2014, the Company issued 75,000 shares valued at $7,500 related to the Trapper 

Gold property. 

iv)  On March 3, 2014, the Company issued 185,000 shares at a deemed price of $0.07 per share, 
for  total  consideration  of  $12,950,  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  an  Exploration  Agreement  signed 
with certain First Nations groups in Ontario in January 2014. 

b)  Stock Options 

The  Company  has  established  a  stock  option  plan  whereby  the  board  of  directors  may,  from  time  to  time, 
grant  options  to  directors,  officers,  employees  or  consultants.    Options  granted  must  be  exercised  no  later 
than  five  years  from  the  date  of  grant  or  such  lesser  period  as  determined  by  the  Company’s  board  of 
directors.    The  exercise  price  of  an  option  is  not  less  than  the  closing  price  on  the  Exchange  on  the  last 
trading day preceding the grant date.  Options begin vesting on the grant date based on a schedule outlined 
in the share purchase option plan. The maximum number of options to be granted under the plan is 10% of 
the Company’s issued capital. 

On March 6, 2015, the Company issued 1,400,000 incentive share options to management and employees, 
exercisable at a price of $0.14, expiring March 6, 2020.  The stock options were issued to directors, officers 
and employees of the Company. 

19 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

6.  Share Capital (continued) 

b)  Stock Options  (continued) 

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options at October 31, 2015 and 2014 and changes during 
the years therein is as follows: 

Balance, beginning of year
Granted
Expired or Cancelled

Balance, end of year

Year ended
 October 31, 2015

Number of

Weighted
average
options exercise price

7,325,000
1,400,000
(50,000)

$               

0.08
0.14
0.11

Year ended
October 31, 2014

Number of
options

4,800,000
5,400,000
(2,875,000)

Weighted
average
exercise price

$               

0.16
0.07
0.19

8,675,000

$               

0.09

7,325,000

$               

0.08

The fair value cost of the stock options granted during the periods ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 were 
calculated using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model using the following range of assumptions: 

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected life (in days) 
Annualized volatility 
Dividend rate 

October 31, 2015 
0.59% 
1,825 
82.51% 
n/a 

October 31, 2014 
1.33% 
1,825 
85.05% 
n/a 

The  fair  value  computed  using  the  Black-Scholes  model  is  only  an  estimate  of  the  potential  value  of  the 
individual options and the Company is not required to make payments for such transactions.  An amount of 
$126,258  was  charged  to  share-based  payments  expense  for  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015  (2014-
$187,487). 

A summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at October 31, 2015 is as follows: 

Expiry Date
March 5, 2017
January 17, 2019
March 6, 2020

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
0.11
0.07
0.14
0.09

$               

Number
of Options
Outstanding
1,875,000
5,400,000
1,400,000
8,675,000

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in years)
0.37
2.11
4.85

Number
of Options
Exercisable
1,875,000
4,400,000
1,200,000
7,475,000

20 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
        
                 
        
                 
            
                 
       
                 
        
        
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
        
        
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

6.  Share Capital (continued) 

b)  Stock Options  (continued) 

Of  the  1,400,000  options  issued  on  March  9,  2015,  an  amount  of  1,200,000  were  vested  immediately  and 
200,000 options are subject to a vesting agreement, whereby 100,000 options will be vested on each of the 
first and second anniversaries of the option. 

A summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at October 31, 2014 is as follows: 

Expiry Date
March 5, 2017
January 17, 2019

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
0.11
0.07
0.08

$               

Number
of Options
Outstanding
1,925,000
5,400,000
7,325,000

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in years)
0.62
3.11

Number
of Options
Exercisable
1,925,000
4,000,000
5,925,000

Of the 5,400,000 options issued on January 17, 2014, an amount of 4,000,000 were vested immediately and 
1,400,000  options  are  subject  to  a  vesting  agreement,  whereby  400,000  options  were  vested  on  the  first 
anniversary date of the issuance of the options, and 500,000 options will be vested on each of the second 
and third anniversaries of the option. 

7.  Related Party Transactions 

The  following  represents  the  details  of  related  party  transactions  paid  or  accrued  for  the  years  ended 
October 31, 2015 and 2014: 

For the years ended October 31,
Consulting, administrative and technical
directors
Consulting fees paid to officers
Accounting and administration fees paid or accrued to a company 50% owned by an officer
Share-based payments to key management

fees paid or accrued to companies owned by

2015

2014

 $            43,178   $           9,833 
             178,426              81,296 
72,000
36,000
71,745             96,087 
 $          365,349   $       223,216  

As at October 31, 2015, the unpaid portion of amounts due to key management is $3,199 (2014-$3,966). 

The Company paid NS Star Enterprises Ltd., a company controlled by a director, $41,044 for management 
and administration services during the year ended October 31, 2015 (2014 - $15,300).  The Company paid 
Morfopoulos  Consulting  Associates  Ltd.,  a  company  controlled  by  the  CFO,  $72,000  for  accounting,  and 
management  and  administration  services  during  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015  (2014  -  $72,000).    The 
Company  paid  D.  Green  Geoscience  Inc.,  a  company  controlled  by  the  vice-president  of  exploration, 
$178,426  for  technical  consulting  and  management  and  administration  services  during  the  year  ended 
October  31,  2015  (2014  -  $177,821).  The  Company  paid  44984  Yukon  Ltd.,  a  company  controlled  by  a 
director  of  the  Company,  $2,134  for    miscellaneous  field  operating  supplies  and  services  during  the  year 
ended October 31, 2015 (2014 - $3,833). 

21 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
                 
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

8.  Management of Capital  

The  Company  manages  its  cash,  common  shares,  stock  options  and  warrants  as  capital.  The  Company’s 
objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in 
order to pursue the development of its exploration and evaluation properties and to maintain a flexible capital 
structure  which  optimizes  the  costs  of  capital  at  an  acceptable  risk.    The  Company  does  not  have  any 
externally  imposed  capital  requirements  to  which  it  is  subject.    There  were  no  significant  changes  in  the 
Company’s approach or the Company’s objectives and policies for managing its capital. 

The  Company  manages  the  capital  structure  and  makes  adjustments  to  it  in  light  of  changes  in  economic 
conditions  and  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  underlying  assets.  To maintain  or  adjust  the  capital  structure, 
the  Company  may  attempt  to  issue  new  shares,  issue  debt,  acquire  or  dispose  of  assets  or  adjust  the 
amount of cash and cash equivalents.  

In order to facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares expenditure budgets 
that  are  updated  as  necessary  depending  on  various  factors,  including  successful  capital  deployment  and 
general industry conditions.  

9.  Financial Instruments  

a)  Financial Risk Management 

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company’s risk 
management  framework.  The  Company’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents, 
amounts receivable, available-for-sale investments, trade payables and amounts due to related parties. 

The  fair  values  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  amounts  receivable,  deposits,  trade  payables  and  amounts 
due to related parties approximate their book values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. 

b)  Financial Instrument Risk Exposure 

The  Company  is  exposed  in  varying  degrees  to  a  variety  of  financial  instrument-related  risks.  The  Board 
approves and monitors the risk management processes. 

Credit Risk 

The Company’s only exposure to credit risk is on its cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents 
are with a Canadian Schedule 1 bank and a US bank for its subsidiary. The Company has no asset-backed 
commercial paper. 

Liquidity Risk 

The Company ensures that there is sufficient capital in order to meet short-term business requirements, after 
taking into account the Company’s holdings of cash. A portion of the Company’s cash is invested in business 
accounts which are available on demand.   

22 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

9.  Financial Instruments  (continued) 

Market Risk 

The  only  significant  market  risk  exposure  to  which  the  Company  is  exposed  is  interest  rate  risk.  The 
Company’s bank account earns interest income at variable rates. The fair value of its marketable securities 
portfolio  is  relatively  unaffected  by  changes  in  short-term  interest  rates.  The  Company’s  future  interest 
income is exposed to short-term rates and fluctuations, however management does not consider this risk to 
be significant. 

Exchange Risk 

As  at  October  31,  2015,  the  majority  of  the  Company’s  cash  was  held  in  the  USA  in  U.S.  dollars.  The 
Company’s significant operations are carried out in Canada and in Alaska, USA.  As a result a portion of the 
Company’s  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  amounts  receivable,  and  trade  payables  are  denominated  in  US 
dollars and are therefore subject to fluctuations in exchange rates.  Management does not believe that the 
exchange risk is significant. 

c)  Fair Value Measurements 

The carrying value of financial assets and financial liabilities at October 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows: 

As at

Financial Assets

FVTPL, measured at fair value
     Cash

Loans and receivables, measured at amortized cost
     Amounts receivable
     Exploration costs recoverable from joint venture partner

Available-for-sale, measured at fair value
     Available-for-sale investments

Financial Liabilities

Other liabilities, measured at amortized cost
     Trade payables and accrued liabilities
     Amount  due to joint venture partner
     Amounts due to related parties

2015

2014

$               

396,069

$              

587,481

39,965
238,334

11,819
-

31,074

100,990

$               

282,643
-
3,199

$              

198,569
23,802
3,966

The fair value hierarchy of financial instruments measured at fair value is as follows: 

As at

Cash
Available-for-sale investments

The Company does not use Level 2 or Level 3 valuation inputs. 

2015
Level 1

2014
Level 1

$               

396,069
31,074

$              

587,481
100,990

23 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                  
                 
                            
                   
                
                             
                  
                     
                    
 
 
 
                   
                
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

10.  Segmented Information 

The Company has one operating segment, which is exploration and evaluation of its mining properties.   

At October 31, 2015, the Company operates in two geographic areas, being Canada and the United States.  
The following is an analysis of net loss for the period, current assets and non-current assets by geographical 
area: 

Current Assets

As at  October 31, 2015
As at October 31, 2014

Deposits

As at  October 31, 2015
As at October 31, 2014

Exploration and Evaluation Properties

As at  October 31, 2015
As at October 31, 2014

Performance Bonds

As at  October 31, 2015
As at October 31, 2014

Equipment

As at  October 31, 2015
As at October 31, 2014

11.  Income Taxes  

Canada

United States

Total

$                  

380,207
421,264

$                 

346,265
310,890

$                 

726,472
732,154

19,887
27,835

3,212,259
3,990,572

-
-

2,968
8,429

-
-

19,887
27,835

9,964,242
10,429,331

13,176,501
14,419,903

32,688
28,178

-
-

32,688
28,178

2,968
8,429

A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates is as follows: 

2015 

2014 

Net loss for the year 

$ 

(1,414,641) 

$ 

(1,087,362) 

Expected income tax expense 
Net adjustment for amortization and other non-deductible amounts 
Unrecognized benefit of DIT assets 

(421,413) 
257,654 
163,759 

(282,714) 
150,569 
132,145 

Total income tax recovery 

$ 

- 

$ 

- 

There are no deferred tax assets presented in the statement of financial position.

24 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                    
                   
                   
                      
                               
                     
                      
                               
                     
                 
                
              
                 
              
              
                               
                     
                     
                               
                     
                     
                        
                               
                       
                        
                               
                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

11.  Income Taxes (continued) 

Subject to confirmation with regulatory authorities, deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and 
unused tax credits for which no deferred tax assets have been recognized are attributable to the following: 

Deferred income tax assets (liabilities): 
  Net mineral property carrying amounts in excess of tax pools 

$ 

Equipment 
Share issue costs 
Non-capital loss carryforwards 

2015 

2014 

(2,319,000) 
51,000 
3,000 
6,606,000 

$ 

(2,670,000) 
51,000 
116,000 
6,358,000 

$ 

4,341,000 

$ 

3,855,000 

The  Company  has  Canadian  non-capital  losses  of  approximately  $5,360,000  (2014  -  $5,506,000)  and  US 
non-capital losses of US $954,000 (2014 – US $ 936,000), which will be available to reduce future taxable 
income in Canada and the US, respectively.  The respective non-capital losses will begin to expire in 2016 
until 2035. 

The Canadian non-capital losses, if not utilized, will expire in the years presented below: 

2016 
2027 
2028 
2029 
2030 
2031 
2032 
2033 
2034 
2035 

$      161,000 
447,000 
594,000 
656,000 
820,000 
995,000 
790,000 
540,000 
203,000 
154,000 
$   5,360,000 

12.  Commitments  

The Company has a lease agreement for the rental of office space, which expires on May 31, 2021. 

The future minimum lease obligations under the lease are as follows: 

2016 fiscal year 
2017 fiscal year 
2018 fiscal year 
2019 fiscal year 
2020 fiscal year 
2021 fiscal year 

Amount 

44,287 
39,660 
40,486 
42,469 
43,626 
25,449 
235,977 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  currently  rents  out  a  portion  of  its  office  space  on  a  month-to-month  basis  for  $1,000  per 
month. 

25 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014    
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 

13.  Event Subsequent to the end of the Reporting Period  

On January 28, 2016, the Company received a US $250,000 option payment from Dowa in connection with 
its Joint Venture Agreement with Dowa on the Palmer property. 

On December 10, 2015, the Company issued 60,000 shares valued at $5,000 as part of an option payment 
on the Golden Mile property (Note 5b(ii)). 

26 

                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

General 

The information in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, or MD&A, is intended to assist the reader 
in  the  understanding  and  assessment  of  the  trends  and  significant  changes  in  the  results  of  operations 
and  financial  conditions  of  Constantine  Metal  Resources  Ltd.  (the  “Company”  or  “Constantine”).  This 
MD&A should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company, 
including  the  notes  thereto,  for  the  years  ended  October  31,  2015  and  2014,  and  the  MD&A  of  such 
financial statements, and other information relating  to  the Company on file  with the Canadian provincial 
securities  regulatory  authorities  on  SEDAR  at  www.sedar.com.    The  Company’s  audited  consolidated 
financial statements for the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 have been prepared in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  This MD&A has taken into account information 
available up to and including February 9, 2016. 

Constantine  is  a  junior  exploration  company  engaged  in  the  exploration  and  development  of  several 
exploration  properties.  Its  principal  project  is  a  polymetallic  (copper-zinc-gold-silver)  massive  sulphide 
advanced  exploration  project  in  southeast  Alaska  known  as  the  Palmer  Project.  Constantine  also  has 
gold properties in Ontario and the Yukon. The Company’s principal Ontario gold projects are the Golden 
Mile project in the Timmins gold camp and the Munro-Croesus project, which includes the past-producing 
high-grade Croesus gold mine located east of the Timmins gold camp.   

The  Company  is  a  reporting  issuer  in  British  Columbia,  Alberta  and  Ontario  and  trades  on  the  TSX 
Venture Exchange under the symbol CEM. 

Historical  results  of  operations  and  trends  that  may  be  inferred  from  the  following  discussions  and 
analysis may not necessarily indicate future results from operations.  The Company is currently engaged 
in  exploration  and  development  of  mineral  properties  and  does  not  have  any  source  of  revenue  or 
operating assets, however the Company has generated cash flow from option earn-in agreements, from 
fees  for  management  of  option-joint  venture  exploration  projects  and  from  sale  of  available-for-sale 
investments. The recoverability of the amounts shown for mineral properties is dependent upon the ability 
of  the  Company  to  obtain  necessary  financing  to  complete  exploration,  technical  studies  and,  if 
warranted,  development  and  future  profitable  production  or  proceeds  from  the  disposition  of  properties. 
The amounts shown as mineral properties represent  net costs to date and do not necessarily represent 
present or future values. 

Highlights  

  US$250,000  Option  Payment  Received  from  Dowa  –  At  the  end  of  January  2016,  the 
Company  received  a  US$250,000  option  payment  from  Palmer  project  partner  Dowa  Metals  & 
Mining Co., Ltd. (“Dowa”).  The funds will be used for general working capital. 

  No  Equity  Dilution  in  2015  –  The  Company  was  once  again  successful  in  funding  a  major 
exploration program on the Palmer project, while sustaining its corporate operations, without the 
necessity of having to seek an equity financing in these weak financial markets.  

 

Inferred  Resource  Estimate  Almost  Doubled  at  Palmer  –  In  May  2015,  the  Company 
published  an  updated  resource  estimate  for  the  Palmer  project,  almost  doubling  its  size  to 
8,125,000 tonnes (see  details below).  This resource estimate also  indicates the opportunity for 
additional expansion, as many drill intercepts included in the resource are open to expansion. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

  2015  Drill  Program  Completed  at  Palmer  -  The  Company  completed  a  7,700  meter  drill 
program in 2015, focused on exploring for extensions of the deposit within a localized target area. 
The 2015 drill program exceeded the original 6,000 meters of diamond drilling that was planned 
at  the  beginning  of  the  season.    Results  of  the  drill  program  were  disclosed  in  the  Company’s 
November 24, 2015 news release and are also summarized below. 

  Land Trust Selection  Agreement Completed - the Agreement (“Selection Agreement”) signed 
in June 2015 allows Dowa to include a 3,483 acre portion of the total 92,000 acre parcel (“Haines 
Block”)  leased  from  the  Alaska  Mental  Health  Trust  Authority.  The  Selection  Agreement  land  is 
immediately  adjacent  to  the  Company’s  2015  drilling  activities  on  the  Palmer  Property.    The 
Agreement benefits both parties, and leaves Constantine with a 100% interest in the balance of 
about 89,000 acres of highly prospective lease land. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

  Land Trust Exploration – over $620,000 was spent on exploration work on the Haines Block in 
2015. The work included mapping and geochemical sampling of several identified VMS prospects 
and  alteration  zones  located  proximal  to  the  Palmer  Property.    The  work  also  included  LIDAR 
imaging  for  topographic  and  geological  mapping,  reconnaissance  scale  geochemical  surveying, 
soil sampling, and prospecting to identify new prospects within prospective host rocks. Promising 
VMS targets with high-grade surface sample results in boulders and outcrop have been identified 
at  the  Tsirku  prospect  and  the  Waterfall  Zone  on  100%  Constantine-controlled  Haines  Block 
lands. One drill hole was collared on the Selection Agreement land to test the western extension 
of the South Wall Zone. 

  Environmental Studies and Engineering – approximately $770,000 has been spent to date on 
environmental  and  engineering  studies  to  support  permitting.  Studies  include  surface  and 
groundwater  hydrology,  geotechnical,  water  quality,  wildlife  and  plant  surveys,  rock  quality 
characterization,  meteorology,  natural  hazard  assessment,  and  terrain  and  surficial  geology 
analysis 

Base Metal Projects   

Palmer Project (southeast Alaska, USA)  

Palmer is a resource expansion stage, high-grade volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) project, with an 
Inferred Mineral Resource of 8.1 million tonnes grading 1.41% copper, 5.25% zinc, 0.32 g/t gold and 31.7 
g/t  silver*.  The  Project  is  being  advanced  in  partnership  with  Dowa  Metals  &  Mining  Co.,  Ltd.  who  can 
earn 49% in the project by making aggregate expenditures of US$22 million over four years. The Palmer 
project is located in a very accessible part of coastal southeast Alaska, with road access to the edge of 
the property and within 60 kilometers of the year-round deep sea port of Haines. Mineralization at Palmer 
occurs within the same belt of rocks that is host to the Greens Creek mine, one of the world’s richest VMS 
deposits.    There  are  at  least  25  separate  base  metal  and/or  barite  occurrences  and  prospects  on  the 
Palmer  property,  indicating  the  potential  for  discovery  of  multiple  deposits  beyond  the  RW-South  Wall 
deposit area. 

* See the Company's news release date May 11, 2015 and available on www.sedar.com.  Resource estimate utilizes an NSR cut-
off of US$75/t with assumed metal prices of US$1200/oz for gold, US$18/oz for silver, US$2.75/lb for copper, and US$1.00/lb for 
zinc. Estimated metal recoveries are 89.6% for copper, 84.9% for zinc, 75% for gold (61.5% to the Cu concentrate and 13.5% to 
the  Zn  concentrate)  and  89.7%  for  silver  (73.7%  to  the  Cu  concentrate  and  16%  to  the  Zn  concentrate)  as  determined  from 
metallurgical locked cycle flotation tests. An Inferred Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and 
grade  or  quality  are  estimated  on  the  basis  of  limited  geological  evidence  and  sampling.  Geological  evidence  is  sufficient  to 
imply but not verify geological and grade or quality continuity. 

The  Company  holds  a  99  year  mining  lease  dated  December  19,  1997  on  340  mining  claims  that 
comprise the original Palmer property.  To maintain the lease, the Company is required to make annual 
advance  royalty  payments  of  US  $42,500  and  pay  Federal  claim  maintenance  fees,  which  were  US 
$52,700 in 2015.  The lease is subject to a 2.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty.  The Company has a 
right of first refusal to purchase the NSR or any portion thereof at any time during the term of the lease.  
The advance royalty payments are deductible from the NSR royalty. 

In September 2014, a formal agreement was signed between the Alaska Mental Health Trust Authority, a 
state  corporation  within  Alaska  (the  “Trust”)  and  the  Company  for  an  upland  mining  lease  on  the 
approximately  92,000  acre  Haines  Block  land  package  surrounding  the  Palmer  property.  Constantine 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

acquired  the  Haines  Block  for  mineral  exploration  and  development  in  a  competitive  lease  process 
offered  by  the  Trust.  The  Haines  Block  is  contiguous  with  and  surrounds  the  Federal  and  State  mining 
claims  that  make  up  the  approximately  16,000  acre  Palmer  property.  The  Trust  owns  the  subsurface 
mineral estate of the Haines Block and  a small subset of the block is held fee simple, for which the Trust 
owns both the surface and subsurface estate. General lease terms include annual rental of US $25,000 
per year for the initial 3 year lease term, US $40,000 for years 4 to 6, US $55,000 for years 7 through 9, 
with work commitments of US$75,000 per year, escalating by US$50,000 annually. There is a mandatory 
acreage reduction of 25,000 acres at the end of the first and second 3 year lease terms. The lease can be 
extended  beyond  year  9  by  making  annual  rental  payments  and  continuing  to  diligently  pursue 
exploration  and  development  on  the  lease.  Annual  payments  are  replaced  by  royalty  payments  upon 
achieving commercial production. Production royalties payable to  the Trust include a sliding scale 1% to 
4.5%  royalty  for  gold  based  on  gold  price,  and  a  3.5%  royalty  on  minerals  other  than  gold.  The  Alaska 
State production royalty levied on State lands does not apply to production on Trust lands.  

Dowa  exercised  the  right  under  the  Constantine-Dowa  Option-JV  Agreement  (see  Selection  Agreement 
below) to include a portion of Mental Health Trust Lease land (3,483 acres) that is immediately adjacent 
to the Company’s current drilling activities as part of the Palmer Property to the benefit of both parties and 
at the same time leaves Constantine with a 100% interest in the balance of approximately 89,000 acres of 
highly prospective Haines Block land. 

Updated Mineral Resource Estimate 

The  2015  resource  estimate  significantly  increases  the  size  of  the  deposit,  highlighting  the  success  of 
recent drill campaigns and the growing potential of the project.  It is open to expansion in most areas with 
the thickest part of the deposit located at the current down dip limit of the South Wall Zone where mineral 
zoning  and  geophysics  support  potential  for  a  high-grade  copper  core  within  a  more  extensive  area  of 
zinc-copper-barite mineralization.  

The Inferred Mineral Resource estimate is tabulated below for a range of NSR (Net Smelter Return) cut-
off values based on assumed underground mining and milling costs.  The resource utilizes a base case 
cut-off of $75 per tonne and has an effective date of May 11, 2015. 

Tonnes 

9,133,000 
8,125,000 
7,072,000 

Grade 

Cu (%) 
1.30 
1.41 
1.51 

Zn (%) 
5.00 
5.25 
5.53 

Au (g/t) 
0.30 
0.32 
0.34 

Ag (g/t) 
30.2 
31.7 
33.7 

CuEq (%) 

ZnEq (%) 

3.03 
3.23 
3.43 

11.83 
12.61 
13.39 

Cut-off 
NSR US$ 

60 
75 
95 

Notes: 

1.  NSR  equals  (US$45.69  x  Cu%  +  US$11.70  x  Zn%  +  US$25.04  x  Au  g/t  +  US$0.43  x  Ag  g/t).  NSR  formula  is  based  on 
assumed values for offsite costs, metal recovery, and metal prices. Offsite costs include transportation of concentrate, smelter 
treatment charges, and refining charges.  

2.  Assumed metal prices are US$2.75/lb for copper (Cu), and US$1.00/lb for zinc (Zn), US$1200/oz for gold (Au), US$18/oz for 

silver (Ag).  

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

3.  Estimated metal recoveries are 89.6% for copper, 84.9% for zinc, 75% for gold (61.5% to the Cu concentrate and 13.5% to the 
Zn  concentrate)  and  89.7%  for  silver  (73.7%  to  the  Cu  concentrate  and  16%  to  the  Zn  concentrate)  as  determined  from 
metallurgical locked cycle flotation tests.  

4.  Density  was  estimated  by  inverse  distance  squared  interpolation;  unique  density  values  were  determined  by  conventional 

analytical methods for all assay samples.  

5.  Copper  equivalent  (CuEq%)  and  zinc  equivalent  (ZnEq%)  values  were  calculated  based  on  the  NSR  formula  above  (e.g. 

CuEq% = Cu% + (Zn% x $11.70 + Au g/t x $25.04 + Ag g/t x $0.43)/$45.69 

6.  Mineral resources as reported are undiluted. 
7.  Mineral resource tonnages have been rounded to reflect the precision of the estimate. 
8.  Readers are cautioned that mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. 

Mineralization at the Palmer Project contains an unusually high concentration of barite. Barite is an inert, 
high-density  industrial  mineral  that  is  in  demand  for  use  in  oil  and  gas  drilling,  with  the  majority  of  US 
consumption met by imports from Asia. Barium content within the resource area averages approximately 
13  to  15%,  which  equates  to  a  barite  mineral  content  of  approximately  22  to  25%  by  weight*.  The 
Company will be evaluating the potential to produce a marketable barite concentrate. 

*Average  barium  content  within  the  resource  area  is  based  on  analysis  and  block  modelling  of  barium  XRF  assay  data  that  is 
available  for  95%  of  all  samples  included  within  the  mineralized  wireframes.  There  is  insufficient  data  and  confidence  to  include 
barium  in  the  Inferred  Mineral  Resource  and  the  range  of  average  barite  mineral  content  is  presented  herein  for  the  purpose  of 
highlighting exploration potential only.  

Resource Model 

The independent mineral resource estimate prepared by James N. Gray of Advantage Geoservices Ltd. 
is  reported  in  accordance  with  Canadian  Securities  Administrators'  NI  43-101  and  conforms  to  the 
Canadian  Institute  of  Mining  "Estimation  of  Mineral  Resources  and  Mineral  Reserves  Best  Practices" 
guidelines.  Eighty-two  diamond  drill  holes  were  used  in  generating  the  geological  model  for  the  South 
Wall  and  RW  zones,  48  of  which  intersect  the  interpreted  mineralized  zones  in  19,000  meters  of  core. 
Outlier assays were capped and all assays within the mineralized zones composited to 1.5 meter lengths. 
Metal grades were estimated using inverse distance cubed interpolation into a 3D block model with block 
dimensions  of  6  x  6  x  6 meters.  Three  dimensional  geologic  solids  were  constructed  by  Darwin  Green, 
Vice  President  of  Exploration  and  reviewed  by  QP  Ian  Cunningham-Dunlop,  P.  Eng.,  and,  in  general, 
were limited to material grading > 0.5% Cu or > 2% Zn that could be demonstrated to be correlative with 
definable  stratabound  zones.    As  a  general  rule,  solids  were  extended  no  more  than  50  meters  up-dip, 
down-dip  and  along  strike  from  a  drill  hole;  the  Inferred  Mineral  Resource  includes  only  mineralization 
within 75 meters of a drill hole. A total of five solids were constructed for sulphide mineralization: South 
Wall Zone 1, South Wall Zone 2-3, South Wall EM Zone, RW West, and RW East. The complete NI 43-
101 Technical Report was published on SEDAR on June 25, 2015.   

An Inferred Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality 
are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence and sampling. Geological evidence is sufficient 
to  imply  but  not  verify  geological  and  grade  or  quality  continuity.  An  Inferred  Mineral  Resource  has  a 
lower level of confidence than that applying to an Indicated Mineral Resource and must not be converted 
to a Mineral Reserve. It is reasonably expected that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resources could be 
upgraded to Indicated Mineral Resources with continued exploration. 

2015 Project Development and Drilling Program Completed at Palmer 

Project  development  in  2015  included  completion  of  a  7,700  meter  drill  program  and  a  variety  of 
environmental  and  engineering  work  programs  at  a  cost  of  over  US  $  5.5  million.  This  work  included 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

engineering design work, water quality studies, rock geochemical characterizations studies, geotechnical 
studies, plant and wildlife surveys, hydrogeology studies, and meteorological work.  A Plan of Operations 
was completed in 2015 to support permitting the construction of an access road to the South Wall area. 
The  Plan  is  subject  to  a  federal  Environmental  Assessment  process,  with  public  and  agency  scoping 
review  initiated  on  December  2nd.  The  Company  is  targeting  approval  in  Q2  2015  with  the  objective  of 
commencing construction during the 2015 summer field season.   

The  7,736  meters  of  core  drilling  was  completed,  consisting  of  8  wide  spaced  exploration  drill  holes,  1 
geotechnical drill hole, and the extension of a 2014 drill hole.  The scope of  the drilling was focused on 
exploring  for  extensions  of  the  deposit  within  a  localized  target  area.    Drill  holes  primarily  tested  areas 
around the South Wall EM Zone, including the fault displaced offset of the zone referred to as the Lower 
Offset target.  EM Zone mineralization was intersected in three holes, extending the known extent of the 
mineralized system approximately 100 meters east (holes CMR15-72 and 73) and 65 meters up dip (hole 
CMR15-75). Mineralization in these holes is chert-barite dominant with base metal bearing footwall pyrite-
pyrrhotite stringer zones. Significant intersections include:  

  4.2 meters grading 0.5% copper, 3.98% zinc,  60.4 g/t silver, 0.65 g/t gold in CMR15-75 
  3.0 meters grading 2.32% copper and 14.9 g/t silver in hole CMR15-75 
  8.0 meters grading 1.33% zinc and 21.6 g/t silver in hole CMR15-73 
  10.5 meters grading 1.56% zinc in hole CMR15-72  

Four  drill  holes  targeted  the  Lower  Offset  target  below  a  fault  structure  that  displaces  the  down-dip 
projection  of  the  EM  Zone.  One  of  the  four  holes,  CMR15-69,  successfully  intersected  EM  Zone 
equivalent  massive  pyrrhotite  mineralization  and  intense  hydrothermal  alteration  approximately  160 
meters below the fault, including 7.2 meters grading 0.43% copper and 0.46% zinc. The other three drill 
holes to test the Lower Offset target area did not intersect EM Zone correlative stratigraphy. This includes 
CMR14-56  that  was  re-entered  and  abandoned  after  advancing  22  meters  due  to  adverse  drilling 
conditions,  and  holes  CMR15-71  and  77  that  were  completed  to  significant  depths  prior  to  being 
abandoned.  

A large portion of the deposit remains open to expansion in the immediate South Wall and RW resource 
areas.  Work is ongoing into understanding and interpreting the geological, geochemical, and geophysical 
data  gained  from  new  drill  holes,  with  the  objective  of  updating  the  exploration  model  for  future  drill 
planning.  

Geophysics 

Borehole  and  surface  electromagnetic  (EM)  geophysical  surveys  identified  several  zones  of  high 
conductivity.  Conductive  plate  modeling  of  the  borehole  data  has  generated  targets  of  potential 
mineralization adjacent to the existing mineral resource and at depth below the current extent of surface 
drilling. Modeling of surface EM data has generated conductive plate models targets in areas along trend 
of the RW and South Wall resource areas.  The new geophysical data is being incorporated into planning 
and drill hole targeting. 

Advanced Project Team and Work Programs 

Constantine  continues  to  build  its  advanced  project  team.  Key  personnel  include  Ian  Cunningham-
Dunlop,  P.  Eng.,  Senior  Advisor  Advanced  Projects  and  Engineering;  Henry  Bogert,  Senior  Mining 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Engineer; and Rick Richins, Senior Advisor Permitting. All bring a wealth of experience in their respective 
fields.  The  company  also  signed  a  memorandum  of  understanding  with  Alaska  Large  Mine  Permitting 
Team  to  gain  early  input  into  baseline  program  design  and  ensure  long  lead  time  data  is  collected  in  a 
manner consistent with the needs of State regulators.  

Land Trust Selection Agreement 

The Haines Block is an approximately 92,000 acre land package leased by Constantine from the Alaska 
Mental Health Trust Authority (see news release dated September 9, 2014), which is subject to an area of 
interest clause in the Palmer property agreement with Dowa. 

The main elements of the Selection Agreement are as follows: 

  Dowa  has  selected  a  Haines  Block  land  parcel  with  surface  and  mineral  rights  comprising 
approximately 3483 acres the “Selection Area” to be included as part of the Palmer Property for 
which  expenditures will apply to Dowa’s  49%  Earn-in Expenditures during the Option phase of 
the property agreement.   

  Constantine  will  maintain  its  100%  interest  in  the  balance  of  the  property  of  the  Haines  Block 
exclusive  of  the  Selection  Area  and  any  exploration  done  in  such  area  outside  of  the  Selection 
Area will be at Constantine’s expense.  

  Dowa and Constantine will share the annual rental requirements of the Lease of US$25,000 for 
the  first  3  year  lease  term,  in  proportion  of  49:51,  which  are  amounts  of  US$12,250  and 
US$12,750, respectively, until a Joint Venture (“JV”) is formed.  

  Dowa will meet the minimum exploration requirements of the Lease during the Option period and 
until such time as a JV is formed.  These minimum requirements are US$75,000 by September 1, 
2015, escalating by US$50,000 annually thereafter and these expenditures will be deemed to be 
earn-in expenditures paid by Dowa.  

  Constantine has granted Dowa a Right of First Offer on Haines Block lands located outside of the 
Selection  Area  for  a  3  year  period  beginning  as  of  September  1,  2014,  and  terminating  on 
September 1, 2017. 

2015 Haines Block Exploration Program 

A  total  of  $620,250  was  spent  on  exploration  work  on  the  Haines  Block  in  2015.  The  work  included 
mapping  and  geochemical  sampling  of  several  identified  VMS  prospects  and  alteration  zones  located 
proximal to the Palmer Property.  The work also included LIDAR imaging for topographic and geological 
mapping,  reconnaissance  scale  geochemical  surveying,  soil  sampling,  and  prospecting  to  identify  new 
prospects within prospective host rocks.  

Work  within  the  Selection  Area  included  surface  geophysics  and  one  drill  hole,  including  down  hole 
geophysics,  that tested the South Wall on the adjacent federal claims of the Palmer Property. 

On a portion of the 100% Constantine-controlled Haines Block lands that surround the core of the Palmer 
Property, new VMS-style massive sulphide mineralization was discovered during our regional exploration 
work. Significant results include: 

  Delineation of a 2 km trend of massive sulphide boulders associated with altered and mineralized 
volcanics at the Tsirku prospect, located 9 km south of the Palmer deposit area.  Highlight assays 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

of 4.99% copper, 6.32% zinc, 68 g/t silver, and 1.97 g/t gold have been received for chip and grab 
samples of boulders that range from 0.2 to 1.5 m in size. Mineralization style at this new prospect 
resembles that of the Palmer deposit, and supports management’s strong belief in the potential to 
discover other VMS deposits on the Property. 

  Grab  samples  grading  8.12%  copper  and  15.4%  zinc  have  been  obtained  from  outcrop  at  the 
Waterfall  prospect,  located  3  km  southwest  of  the  Palmer  deposit  area.  The Waterfall  prospect 
occurs adjacent to the silver-rich Cap (e.g. 23.2 m grading 134 g/t silver in historic drill hole), HG 
and Nunatak prospects. 

  See the Company’s news release dated November 24, 2015 for a complete list of assay results. 
These prospects collectively define a highly prospective and under-explored environment close to 
the current mineral resource and infrastructure.  

About the Haines Block and Lease  

The  Haines  Block  shares  similar  geology  to  the  Palmer  Property  and  is  considered  prospective  for 
hosting high-grade massive sulphide mineralization. The property also covers areas upland of the active 
Porcupine  placer  gold  district  that  has  estimated  past  production  of  82,489  ounces  of  gold.    This 
represents  the  first  time  the  Haines  Block  has  been  offered  to  the  public  for  lease,  with  very  limited 
exploration  work  having  taken  place  in  recent  decades.  Please  refer  to  the  Company’s  September  9, 
2014 news release for additional details about the Haines Block lease agreement. 

About the Constantine-Dowa Option and Joint Venture Agreement 

Under  the terms of  an Option and Joint Venture  Agreement (the “Agreement”) dated February  1, 2013, 
Dowa has the option to earn a 49% interest in the Palmer project by making aggregate expenditures of 
US$22,000,000 over a four year period. Expenditures for each year shall not be less than US$3,000,000. 
Included in the aggregate expenditure are cash payments to Constantine totaling US$1,250,000 over four 
years, of which US$1,000,000 has been received to date. Constantine is the operator of the  project and 
receives a management fee for work programs during the earn-in period. Constantine has received over 
US $15 million from Dowa in combined project expenditures, property payments and management fees in 
connection with the project to date. 

In  March  2015,  the  Company  completed  a  finder’s  fee  payment  of  US$75,970  in  connection  with  the 
Agreement. The finder’s fee was completed by the payment of US$20,000 cash and the balance through 
the  issuance  of  493,336  common  shares  of  the  Company.  A  total  of  US$203,470  in  finder’s  fees  has 
been paid in connection with the Dowa agreement, as of the date of this report.  The aggregate amount of 
finder’s fees payable by the Company in regard to the Dowa agreement is capped at US$250,000.   

Gold Projects 

Constantine  controls  a  100%  interest  in  the  Munro  Croesus  and  Golden  Mile  projects  in  Ontario.  The 
Munro Croesus project includes the famous high-grade past-producing Croesus Gold Mine located along 
the  north  side  of  the  Pipestone  Fault  within  the  Porcupine  Destor  Fault  zone  corridor  approximately  75 
kilometers  east  of  the  center  of  the  Timmins  gold  camp.  The  Golden  Mile  Project  is  also  along  the 
Pipestone  Fault,  a  splay  of  the  Porcupine  Destor  Deformation  Zone  and  located  30  kilometers  east  of 
Timmins  and  9  kilometers  northeast  of  Goldcorp’s  multi-million  ounce  Hoyle  Pond  Gold  Mine.    The 
Company did not conduct exploration programs on its Ontario properties in 2015. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Munro-Croesus Project (Ontario)    

The  Munro-Croesus  Project  comprises  the  following  properties:  Munro-Croesus  property,  the  Four 
Corners Property and the JM Property.  These properties straddle an area between the prolific Porcupine 
Destor  Fault  Zone  (PDDZ),  the  Pipestone  Fault  Zone  and  the  Munro  Break,  and  within  the  same 
structural corridor that hosts  the neighbouring Fenn-Gibb deposit and the Holt-McDermott and Holloway 
Mines located 25 kilometers to the east, which have produced an aggregate of more than 2 million oz. of 
gold.  Constantine’s  Munro-Croesus  project  area  covers  an  approximately  seven kilometer  length  of  this 
key structural corridor and has several well defined drilling targets. 

The  Munro  Croesus  property  includes  the  formerly  producing  Croesus  mine,  known  to  have  produced 
some of the highest grade gold ever mined in Ontario. Three drilling programs (8,414 meters) have been 
carried  out  by  Constantine  on  the  claims  since  it  was  acquired  in  2007,  The  drilling  located  high-grade 
Croesus  type  gold  veins  in  the  south  offset  fault  block  of  the  Croesus  Mine  vein  and  identified  a  new 
footwall zone (200 Zone) of high-grade gold mineralization (12.2 g/t gold over 0.46m) at depth under the 
historic  mine  workings.  A  750  meter  short  hole  drill  program  is  recommended  to  test  high  grade  vein 
structures in the immediate hanging wall of the Croesus shaft that were intersected for the first time in the 
2011 drill program. Nine rock samples of the northeast trending historic #2 Vein with observed widths to 
12  meters,  located  to  the  southwest  and  along  the  same  structural  trend  as  the  former  producing  high-
grade Croesus Mine yielded seven plus one gram gold assays over a strike length of approximately 400 
meters, with a high value of 15.9 grams per tonne gold. The #2 Vein  structure  has not been drill tested 
and drilling is proposed to test this southwest extension from the interpreted Croesus vein structure. 

Eight strategic Munro Croesus property claims lie adjacent to the Fenn-Gib property which was acquired 
by Lake Shore Gold Corp. (“Lake Shore”) from Barrick Gold Corporation for $60 million. Since acquiring 
the  Fenn-Gib  property,  Lake  Shore  carried  out  additional  drilling  and  completed  a  NI  43-101  resource 
estimation.  This  resource  estimate,  reported  by  Lake  Shore,  includes  a  total  of  40.8  million  tonnes 
grading  0.99  grams  per  tonne  ("gpt")  for  a  total  of  1.35  million  contained  gold  ounces  in  the  Indicated 
category  and  24.5  million  tonnes  at  0.95  gpt  for  a  total  of  0.75  million  ounces  gold  in  the  Inferred 
category.    Lake  Shore  subsequently  completed  a  drilling  program  at  Fenn-Gib  and  announced 
mineralized intercepts confirming expansion potential of Lake Shore’s resource to the west (Lake Shore 
news release May 1, 2012) towards Constantine's eight “Horseshoe claims”. Constantine’s 100% owned 
“Horseshoe claims” are located within 300 meters west and along trend from the Fenn-Gib gold resource. 
The  discovery  of  the  Horseshoe  Zone  gold  mineralization  in  outcrop  in  2012  indicates  the  potential  for 
expansion of the Fenn-Gib gold deposit along trend to the west across the southern part of Constantine’s 
Horseshoe claims. A 1500 meter drill program would provide an initial test of this highly prospective area.  

The JM property, part of the Munro Croesus project, was acquired by staking in August 2010 and consists 
of 2 claims (4 units, 65 hectares) immediately to the north of the Munro Croesus property. The property 
covers  the  projected  extension  of  the  favourable  Croesus  mine  stratigraphy  to  the  northwest  of  the 
Croesus Mine. Geological mapping and sampling was carried out for assessment work and six samples 
from a new gold showing yielded 5 five assays greater than 3 g/t gold with a high value of 15 g/t gold. 

On  the  Four  Corners  property,  Constantine  has  fulfilled  the  terms  of  the  underlying  option  agreement 
(subject to an annual advanced royalty payment of $5,000/year and a 2.5% Net Smelter Return Royalty) 
to  acquire  a  100%  interest  in  the  63  claim  property  that  forms  part  of  the  Munro-Croesus  project.  The 
Four  Corners  Property  is  located  1.2  kilometers  east  of  the  Munro  Croesus  property,  contiguous  with 
Lake Shore’s Fenn-Gib property.  

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

The geological setting at Four Corners shares many  similarities to classic Archean gold systems. Since 
acquiring  the  Four  Corners  property  in  2008,  the  Company  has  previously  reported  on  the  drilling  of  3 
holes (1,079 meters) on the Perry Pond prospect (2009 and 2011) and trenching and drilling of 3 holes 
(949 meters) in the Canamax zone area (2010 and 2011). The wide spaced (100 meters) drilling at the 
Canamax  Zone  identified  broad  intervals  of  gold  mineralization  within  a  robust  carbonate  +/-  silica+/- 
fuchsite alteration zone (e.g. 18.25 meters grading 0.34 g/t gold in CMX11-01 and 10.05 meters grading 
0.55 g/t gold in CMX11-03A). 

Golden Mile Property (Ontario) 

The Company completed a 1,182 meter drill program on the Golden Mile project in Timmins, Ontario in 
2014 and regained a 100% interest in the project from option partner, Teck Resources Limited (“Teck”), 
who  funded  expenditures  of  over  $1.2  million  on  the  project.  Sufficient  assessment  reporting  has  been 
completed to maintain the property in good standing for several years. 

Drilling  confirmed  the  presence  of  a  major  structure  interpreted  to  be  a  western  extension  of  the 
Pipestone Fault, which is associated with important gold mineralization along trend to both the east and 
west of the Golden Mile property. Strongly altered ultramafic rock units were intersected in contact with a 
graphitic shear zone and pyritic sediments in the two drill holes designed to test the  interpreted structural 
contact. Notably, neither the structure nor the altered ultramafics intersected in these drill holes had been 
previously identified on government geology maps. The drilling program yielded some weakly anomalous 
gold.    Management  is  encouraged  by  the  identification  of  an  important  structure,  alteration  with 
associated  pathfinder  geochemistry,  veining  and  permissive  rock  units  known  to  be  important  hosts  for 
mineralization  within  the  Timmins  gold  camp.  This  work  has  provided  an  excellent  stepping  stone  for 
future advancement and discovery on the large, well located land package. 

The Golden Mile property covers the important Pipestone Fault System where it crosses the “Porcupine 
Giant Mine Corridor” that has produced more than 55 million ounces of gold. This structural intersection, 
which  contains  excellent  targets  within  the  Kidd-Munro  volcanic  sequence  and  adjacent  Porcupine 
sediments, is overburden covered and has seen very limited drill testing for gold. The 423 claim unit, 68 
square  kilometer  Golden  Mile  property  is  located  9  kilometers  northeast  of  Goldcorp  Inc.’s  multimillion 
ounce Hoyle Pond deposit and is comparable in area to the West Timmins and Main Camp holdings of 
the major gold production companies operating in the Timmins Gold Camp. 

The Company is continuing to evaluate opportunities to joint venture its Ontario gold projects. 

Yukon Exploration Properties 

The  Company  and  Carlin  Gold  Corporation  (“Carlin  Gold”)  control  over  3,000  claims  in  the  Mayo  and 
Watson Lake Mining Districts, Yukon. The claims are distributed in twelve blocks that total approximately 
65,000 hectares (250 square miles).  

The Company and Carlin Gold do not plan to pursue exploration on the Yukon exploration properties in 
the  next  year.    Based  on  an  impairment  review  of  the  Yukon  properties,  conducted  by  the  Company  in 
accordance  with  IFRS,  in  April  2015  Constantine  recorded  a  $858,218  writedown  of  the  property  to  a 
value of $1. 

The Company is evaluating opportunities to joint venture its Yukon and Ontario gold projects. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Impairment Review of Exploration and Evaluation Properties 

In April 2015, the Company recorded a writedown of its Yukon exploration and evaluation properties and 
incurred a charge of $858,218 on its Statement of Loss.   

Following  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year,  the  Company  conducted  an  impairment  review  of  its  exploration 
properties, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board.  A number of factors were considered, including exploration expenditures, 
geologic merit, indicated property market value and market capitalization of the Company.  Other than the 
writedown of its Yukon land position and joint venture interest, no other write-downs were indicated as of 
October 31, 2015 or as of the date of this report. 

Results of Operations  

Exploration and Evaluation Property Expenditures 

In  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015,  the  Company  incurred  expenditures  of  $7,382,537  on  exploration 
and evaluation properties.   The Palmer project accounted for  $7,305,686 of those expenditures.   In the 
year  ended  October  31,  2015,  the  Company  recorded  cost  recoveries  and  project  management  fees 
received from Dowa totaling $7,759,123.  For the  year ended October 31,  2015, the Company  incurred 
costs totaling $76,851 on the remainder of its exploration and evaluation properties. 

Operating Costs 

The  Company  recorded  cash  operating  expenses  of  $426,808  for  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015 
compared to cash operating costs of $459,956 for the previous year.  A breakdown of total general and 
administrative costs for the years ended October 31, 2015 is shown in the table below.  Total costs were 
slightly  higher  than  the  previous  year  (2014-$156,205),  primarily  due  to  higher  conference,  trade  show 
and advertising costs.  The Company is projecting that such costs will  remain in the same range for the 
next fiscal year.     

11 

General and Administrative expenses for the year ended October 31, 2015AmountConferences, trade shows and advertising $        76,629 Accounting and administration60,000Office expenses41,034Transfer agent, listing and filing fees18,166Other4,581Total $      200,410  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Annual Financial Information  

Selected  annual  financial  information  for  the  three  years  ended  October  31,  2015,  2014  and  2013  as 
follows: 

At October 31, 
Loss before other items 
Net loss for the year 
Loss per share 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total shareholders’ equity  

Summary of Quarterly Results 

2015 
$   (558,527) 
(1,414,641) 
(0.01) 
13,958,516 
285,842 
13,672,674 

2014 
$   (657,890) 
(1,087,362) 
(0.01) 
15,216,499 
261,313 
14,955,186 

2013 
$   (531,263) 
(1,365,872) 
(0.01) 
15,863,681 
143,921 
15,719,760 

In the three months ended October 31, 2015, the Company incurred aggregate expenditures, before cost 
recoveries,  of  $3,375,715  on  exploration  and  evaluations  properties,  most  of  which  ($3,359,686)  was 
incurred  on  the  Palmer  project,  which  was  the  sole  active  exploration  project  during  the  quarter.  The 
Company recorded cash operating  expenses of $77,928 for the three months ended October 31, 2015, 
compared to cash operating expenses of $112,622 for the same period last year. 

The following is a summary of certain consolidated financial information of the Company for the past eight 
quarters: 

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources 

The Company is not in commercial production on any of its mineral properties and accordingly, it does not 
generate cash from operations.  The Company finances its activities by raising capital through the equity 
markets,  option  and  joint  venture  agreements  that  provide  cash  payments  and  management  fees,  and 
monetization  of  assets.    In  the  year  ended  October  31,  2015,  the  Company  recorded  an  aggregate  of 
$630,891  (2014-$620,491)  in  option  payments  and  management  and  project  fees  from  operating  the 
Palmer project. 

12 

For Quarter EndedTotalAssetsIncome(Loss)Income(Loss)per shareOctober 31, 2015$  13,958,516 $      (148,405)$         (0.00)July 31, 2015  14,885,665       (101,128)         (0.00)April 30, 2015  14,087,749    (1,117,375)         (0.01)January 31, 2015  15,083,372         (47,733)         (0.00)October 31, 2014  15,216,499       (150,468)         (0.00)July 31, 2014  17,581,033         (72,603)         (0.00)April 30, 2014  15,354,071       (189,706)         (0.00)January 31, 2014  15,383,934 (674,585)              (0.01) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

The Company's cash position at October 31, 2015 was $396,069 (2014-$587,481) and its working capital 
at October 31, 2015 was $440,630 (2014-$470,841).  At October 31, 2015, the Company had $238,334 in 
exploration costs recoverable from Dowa, which were received in November 2015.  

The  Company’s  cash  position  and  working  capital  as  of  the  date  of  this  report  are  approximately 
$430,000 cash and $360,000 working capital 

The  Company  is  dependent  on  equity  capital  to  fund  exploration  and  development  of  exploration 
properties  and  its  on-going  operations.    Constantine  currently  has  an  option/joint  venture  agreement  in 
place which is projected to fund its major project in Alaska in 2016, however additional working capital will 
be required in order to finance further exploration work on its other properties.     

At this time, the Company has no material contractual commitments for capital expenditures. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

The Company has not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements. 

Related Party Transactions 

The  following  represents  the  details  of  related  party  transactions  paid  or  accrued  for  the  years  ended 
October 31, 2015 and 2014: 

As at October 31, 2015, the unpaid portion of amounts due to key management is $3,199 (2014-$3,966). 

The  Company  paid  NS  Star  Enterprises  Ltd.,  a  company  controlled  by  a  director,  $41,044  for 
management and administration services during the year ended October 31, 2015 (2014 - $15,300).  The 
Company  paid  Morfopoulos  Consulting  Associates  Ltd.,  a  company  controlled  by  the  CFO,  $72,000  for 
accounting, and management and administration services during the year ended October 31, 2015 (2014-
$72,000).  The Company paid D. Green Geoscience Inc., a company controlled by the vice-president of 
exploration,  $178,426  for  technical  consulting  and  management  and  administration  services  during  the 
year  ended  October  31,  2015  (2014  -  $177,821).  The  Company  paid  44984  Yukon  Ltd.,  a  company 
controlled by a director of the Company, $2,134 for  miscellaneous field operating supplies and services 
during the year ended October 31, 2015 (2014 - $3,833). 

13 

For the years ended October 31,20152014Consulting,administrativeandtechnicalfeespaidoraccruedtocompaniesownedbydirectors $            43,178  $           9,833 Consulting fees paid to officers             178,426             81,296 Accounting and administration fees paid or accrued to a company 50% owned by an officer72,00036,000Share-based payments to key management71,745            96,087  $          365,349  $       223,216  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Management of Capital 

The  Company  manages  its  cash,  common  shares  and  stock  options  as  capital.  The  Company’s 
objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern 
in  order  to  pursue  the  development  of  its  mineral  properties  and  to  maintain  a  flexible  capital  structure 
which optimizes the costs  of capital  at an acceptable risk.  The Company  does  not have any externally 
imposed capital requirements to which it is subject. 

The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic 
conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, 
the  Company  may  attempt  to  issue  new  shares,  issue  debt,  acquire  or  dispose  of  assets  or  adjust  the 
amount of cash and cash equivalents.  

In  order  to  facilitate  the  management  of  its  capital  requirements,  the  Company  prepares  expenditure 
budgets  that  are  updated  as  necessary  depending  on  various  factors,  including  successful  capital 
deployment and general industry conditions.  

In  order  to  maximize  ongoing  exploration  efforts,  the  Company  does  not  pay  out  dividends.  The 
Company’s  investment  policy  is  to  keep  its  cash  treasury  on  deposit  in  an  interest  bearing  Canadian 
chartered bank account.   

Summary of Outstanding Shares Data  

The  Company  had  116,846,001  shares  outstanding  on  October  31,  2015  and  116,906,061  shares 
outstanding as of the date of this report.   

In  December  2015,  the  Company  issued  60,000  shares  in  regard  to  a  property  option  payment  on  the 
Golden Mile property. 

In March 2015, the Company issued 493,336 shares  as part of a success fee payment in regard to the 
option and joint venture agreement on the Palmer property 

In  December  2014,  the  Company  issued  48,000  shares  in  regard  to  a  property  option  payment  on  the 
Golden Mile property. 

On March 6, 2015, an aggregate of 1,400,000 stock options at a price of $0.14 and exercisable for five 
years were granted to directors, officers and employees of the Company. 

The following stock options were outstanding at October 31, 2015: 

No. of Stock Options 

1,875,000 
5,400,000 
1,400,000 
8,675,000 

Price per Share 
$0.11 
$0.07 
$0.14 

Expiry Date 

March 5, 2017 
January 17, 2019 
March 6, 2020 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Corporate Governance 

Management  of  the  Company  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  presentation  of  the  interim  and 
annual  financial  statements  and  notes  thereto,  MD&A  and  other  information  contained  in  this  MD&A.  
Additionally,  it  is  management’s  responsibility  to  ensure  the  Company  complies  with  the  laws  and 
regulations applicable to its activities. 

The Company’s management is held accountable to the Board of Directors (“Directors”), each member of 
which  is  elected  annually  by  the  shareholders  of  the  Company.    The  Directors  are  responsible  for 
reviewing  and  approving  the  annual  audited  financial  statements  and  MD&A.    Responsibility  for  the 
review and approval of the Company’s unaudited interim financial statements and MD&A is delegated by 
the Directors to the Audit Committee, which is comprised of three directors, two of whom are independent 
of management.    Additionally,  the  Audit  Committee  pre-approves  audit  and  non-audit  services  provided 
by the Company’s auditors. 

The auditors are appointed annually by the shareholders to conduct an audit of the financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.  The external auditors have complete access to 
the Audit Committee to discuss the audit, financial reporting and related matters resulting from the annual 
audit  as  well  as  assist  the  members  of  the  Audit  Committee  in  discharging  their  corporate  governance 
responsibilities. 

Risk Factors 

Companies operating in the mining industry face many and varied kind of risks.  While risk management 
cannot eliminate the impact of all potential risks, the Company strives to manage such risks to the extent 
possible and practical.  Following are the risk factors most applicable to the Company. 

Financial 

The Company has not generated any revenue since inception and has never paid any dividends and is 
unlikely to pay dividends or generate earnings in the immediate or foreseeable future. As at  October 31, 
2015,  the  Company  has  incurred  losses  since  inception  and  has  an  accumulated  operating  deficit  of 
$8,525,761.  The continuation and long-term viability of the Company remains dependent upon its ability 
to obtain necessary equity financing to continue operations and to determine the existence, discovery and 
successful exploitation of economically recoverable reserves in its resource properties, confirmation of the 
Company’s interests in the underlying properties, and the attainment of profitable operations. 

Industry 

Exploring  and  developing  mineral  resource  projects  bears  a  high  potential  for  all  manner  of  risks.  
Additionally,  few  exploration  projects  successfully  achieve  development  due  to  factors  that  cannot  be 
predicted or foreseen.  Moreover, even one such factor may result in the economic viability of a project 
being detrimentally impacted such that it is not feasible or practical to proceed.  The Company monitors 
its risk based activities and periodically employs experienced consulting, engineering, insurance and legal 
advisors to assist in its risk management reviews. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Although the Company has taken steps to verify the title to mineral properties in which it has an interest, 
in  accordance  with  industry  standards  for  the  current  stage  of  exploration  of  such  properties,  these 
procedures  do  not  guarantee  the  company's  title.    Property  title  may  be  subject  to  unregistered  prior 
agreements or transfers and title may be affected by undetected defects. 

Metal Prices 

The  principal  activity  of  the  Company  is  the  exploration  and  development  of  precious  metal  and  base 
metal  resource  properties.    The  feasible  development  of  such  properties  is  highly  dependent  upon  the 
price  of  gold,  silver,  copper  lead  and  zinc.    A  sustained  and  substantial  decline  in  precious  metal  and 
base metal commodity prices could result in the write-down, termination of exploration and development 
work or loss of its interests in identified resource properties.  Although such prices cannot be forecasted 
with certainty, the Company carefully monitors factors which could affect precious metal and base metal 
commodity prices in order to assess the feasibility of its resource projects. 

Political Risk 

The  resource  properties  on  which  the  Company  is  actively  pursuing  its  exploration  and  development 
activities are located in Alaska, USA  and  Ontario, Canada.  While the political climate in  Alaska, British 
Columbia and Ontario is considered by the Company to be stable, there can be no assurances that this 
will continue indefinitely.  To alleviate such risk, the Company funds its operations on an as-needed basis.  
The Company does not presently maintain political risk insurance for its foreign exploration projects. 

Environmental 

Exploration and development projects are subject to the environmental laws and regulations of the state 
of  Alaska  and  of  the  United  States  of  America  (Palmer  project)  and  the  environmental  laws  and 
regulations of Canada and the province of Ontario (Munro-Croesus and Golden Mile projects).  As such 
laws  are  subject  to  change,  the  Company  monitors  proposed  and  potential  changes  and  management 
believes  the  Company  remains  in  compliance  with  current  environmental  regulations  in  the  relevant 
jurisdictions. 

On  the  Palmer  project,  reclamation  of  disturbances  related  to  the  Company’s  permitted  exploration 
activities  are  bonded  under  the  Alaska  State-wide  Bond  Pool.    The  Company  has  also  contracted  an 
ASTM  Phase  1  environmental  site  assessment  (ESA)  on  the  federal  lode  mining  claims  of  the  Palmer 
project. The ESA concluded that there are no environmental concerns associated with the Property. 
The Munro Croesus project includes the very small past producing Munro Croesus Gold Mine that mined 
approximately  5000  tons  of  ore.  The  Company  has  assumed  the  environmental  liability  at  the  Croesus 
minesite on the Munro Croesus property. To date  it has not incurred any material expenses, however it 
does  remain  an  uncertain  liability.  The  Ontario  government  requires  a  closure  plan  if  the  claims  are 
abandoned  or  become  inactive  and  the  closure  plan  will  require  some  water  sampling  and  site 
reclamation costs. The previous owner completed remediation of what the Company considers to be the 
major liabilities, which included capping the Walsh and Croesus shafts. The Croesus minesite was visited 
by a mines inspector in September 2010 and an inspection report received from the Ministry of Northern 
Development,  Mines  and  Forestry  (Ontario)  in  early  2011.  The  summary  of  field  observations  and 
recommendations in the Inspection Report are near surface stope stability concerns and recommendation 
for  a  crown  pillar  stability  assessment.  There  is  a  specific  near-term  recommendation  to  secure  the 
location  of  a  small  raise  to  surface  that  is  filled  with  waste  rock  with  a  fence  and  signs.  The  bedrock 
around the small raise to surface that is filled  with  waste rock and the crown pillar at the Croesus shaft 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

was  cleared  of  surface  rubble  by  an  excavating  program  in  October  2011.  The  small  raise  area  was 
fenced and cautionary signage  was installed. A preliminary evaluation of the near surface stope stability 
and  a  crown  pillar  stability  assessment  was  completed  by  a  qualified  engineer,  independent  of  the 
Company. The initial conclusion based  on historic data and new information from drill data through the 
old workings and the recent excavation work is that the “old workings will stand for a long time” and that 
“surface  subsidence  would  be  minimal  at  the  down-dip  edge  of  the  zone  and  could  be  as  much  as  1 
meter near the upper edge.” Now that the crown pillar is exposed, a site visit by a qualified Ontario mining 
engineer  is  required  with  formal  reporting  of  the  conclusions  to  be  made  to  the  Ministry  of  Northern 
Development, Mines and Forestry (Ontario). Surface water samples upstream and downstream of the site 
have been recommended to determine water quality issues. No specific schedule has been established to 
carry out this work.  

Operational  

Exploration  development  projects  require  third  party  contractors  for  the  execution  of  certain  activities.  
The  availability  and  cost  of  third  party  contractors  is  subject  to  a  competitive  environment  for  their  use, 
which is beyond the control of the Company. 

Credit risk  

Credit  risk  is  the  risk  of  potential  loss  to  the  Company  if  a  customer  or  counterparty  to  a  financial 
instrument  fails  to  meets  its  contractual  obligations.  The  Company’s  credit  risk  is  limited  to  the  carrying 
amount on the balance sheet and arises from the Company’s cash and receivables.  

The Company’s cash is held primarily through a Canadian chartered bank, which is a high-credit quality 
financial  institution.  The  credit  risk  in  receivables  is  considered  low  by  management  as  it  consists 
primarily of amounts owing for Canadian government sales tax credits.  
Liquidity risk  

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  Company  will  not  meet  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  The 
Company’s  approach  to  managing  liquidity  risk  is  to  ensure  that  it  will  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet 
liabilities when due. At October 31, 2015, the Company had a cash balance of $396,069 to settle current 
liabilities of $285,842. 

All other financial liabilities have maturities of 30 days or are due on demand and are subject to normal 
trade terms.  

Market risk  

Market  risk  is  the  risk  of  loss  that may  arise  from changes  in  market  factors  such  as  interest  rates  and 
foreign exchange rates.  

Interest rate risk  

The Company has cash balances and no interest-bearing debt. The Company’s current policy is to invest 
excess cash in investment-grade short-term certificates of deposits issued by its banking institutions. The 
Company  periodically  monitors  the  investments  it  makes  and  is  satisfied  with  the  credit  ratings  of  its 
banks.  

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

Foreign currency rate risk  

The  Company’s  functional  currency  is  the  Canadian  dollar  and  major  purchases  are  transacted  in 
Canadian dollars. Management believes the foreign exchange risk derived from currency conversions is 
insignificant and therefore does not hedge its foreign exchange risk.  
Sensitivity analysis  

The  carrying  value  of  cash,  receivables,  accounts  payable,  and  amounts  due  to  related  parties  closely 
approximate  their  fair  values  in  view  of  the  relatively  short  periods  to  maturities  of  these  financial 
instruments.  

Based  on  management’s  knowledge  of  and  experience  in  the  financial  markets,  management  does  not 
believe that the Company’s current financial instruments will be materially affected by credit risk, liquidity 
risk or market risk.  

Forward-Looking Statements 

Forward-looking  statements  include,  but  are  not  limited  to  statements  regarding  the  use  of  proceeds, 
costs and timing of the development of new deposits, statements with respect to success of exploration 
and development activities, permitting time lines, currency fluctuations, environmental risks, unanticipated 
reclamation expenses, and title disputes or claims.  

Forward-looking  statements  often,  but  not  always  are  identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  “plans”, 
“seeks”,  “expects”  or  “does  not  expect”,  “is  expected”,  “budget”,  “scheduled”,  “estimates”,  “targets”, 
“forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate”, or “believes”, or variations of such words and 
phrases  or  statements  that  certain  actions,  events  or  results  “may”,  “should”,  “could”,  “would”,  “might”, 
“will”, or “will be taken”, “occur” or “be achieved”.  

Forward-looking  statements  involve  known  and  unknown  risks,  uncertainties,  assumptions  and  other 
factors  which  may  cause  the  actual  results,  performance  or  achievements  of  the  Company  to  be 
materially  different  from  any  future  results,  performance  or  achievements  expressed  or  implied  by  the 
forward-looking  statements.  These  statements  are  based  on  a  number  of  assumptions  and  factors, 
including  assumptions  regarding  general  market  conditions;  future  prices  of  gold  and  other  metals; 
possible  variations  in  ore  resources,  grade  or  recovery  rates;  actual  results  of  current  exploration 
activities;  actual  results  of  current  reclamation  activities;  conclusions  of  future  economic  evaluations; 
changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; failure of plant, equipment, or processes 
to operate as anticipated; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry; risks related to 
joint  venture  operations;  timing  and  receipt  of  regulatory  approvals  of  operations;  the  ability  of  the 
Company  and  other  relevant  parties  to  satisfy  regulatory  requirements;  the  availability  of  financing  for 
proposed  transactions  and  programs  on  reasonable  terms;  the  ability  of  third-party  service  providers  to 
deliver  services  on  reasonable  terms  and  in  a  timely  manner;  and  delays  in  the  completion  of 
development or construction activities. Other factors that could cause the actual  results to  differ include 
market prices, results of exploration, availability of capital and financing on acceptable terms, inability to 
obtain required regulatory approvals, unanticipated difficulties or costs in any rehabilitation which may be 
necessary,  market  conditions  and  general  business,  economic,  competitive,  political  and  social 
conditions.  Although  the  Company  has  attempted  to  identify  important  factors  that  could  cause  actual 
results  to  differ materially  from  those  expressed  or  implied  in  forward-looking  statements,  there  may  be 
other factors which cause actual results to differ. Significant additional drilling is required by the Company 
at its Palmer property to fully understand the system size before a meaningful resource can be calculated 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
For the year ended October 31, 2015 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)             

and completed. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.  

This MD&A includes, but is not limited to, forward-looking statements regarding: the Company’s plans for 
upcoming exploration work on the Company’s exploration properties in Alaska, and the Company’s ability 
to meet its working capital needs for the next fiscal year. 

Forward-looking  statements  contained  herein  are  made  as  of  the  date  of  this  MD&A  and  the  Company 
disclaims  any  obligation  to  update  any  forward-looking  statements,  whether  as  a  result  of  new 
information, future events or results or otherwise, except as required by applicable securities laws.  

Approval 

Darwin Green, P. Geo., Vice-President Exploration for Constantine, and a qualified person as defined by 
Canadian  National  Instrument  43-101,  has  reviewed  the  technical  information  contained  in  this  MD&A 
and has also verified the analytical data for drill core samples disclosed in this release by reviewing the 
blanks duplicates and certified reference  material standards and confirming that they fall within limits as 
determined by acceptable industry practice.  

Ian  Cunningham-Dunlop,  P.Eng.  and  Technical  Advisor  to  Constantine  Metal  Resources  Ltd.,  is  a 
Qualified  Person  as  defined  by  NI  43-101  for  the  Palmer  project.  James  N.  Gray,  P.Geo.  of  Advantage 
Geoservices  Ltd.  is  the  Qualified  Person  as  defined  by  NI  43-101  for  the  resource  estimate  discussed 
above. They have reviewed and approved the contents of this MD&A. 

The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the disclosure contained in this MD&A.  A copy of 
this MD&A will be provided to anyone who requests it. 

Additional Information 

Additional disclosures pertaining to the Company’s technical reports, management information circulars, 
material  change  reports,  press  releases  and  other  information  are  available  on  the  SEDAR  website  at 
www.sedar.com. 

19