Quarterlytics / Consumer Defensive / Packaged Foods / Central Garden & Pet Company

Central Garden & Pet Company

cent · NASDAQ Consumer Defensive
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Industry Packaged Foods
Employees 5001-10,000
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FY2019 Annual Report · Central Garden & Pet Company
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Annual 
Report
2019

Passionately caring for the
Gardens and Pets we all love.

The cover photos feature our employee’s pets and gardens.  A special thank you to:
 Jessica Pranger (garden), Paul Vanasse (clown fish), David Kaak (girl with horse),
Jennelle McDonald (boy watering), Debra Goodman (running puppy)

Finally, we took steps to add more talent to our management team and Board.  In August, John Hanson 

stepped off our Board to assume the position of President of Pet Consumer Products.  John has 25 years 

of consumer products experience and we are pleased to see his leadership of this critical business.  At 

the Board level, we appointed two new highly capable independent directors, Christopher Metz and 

Michael Griffith.  Chris brings more than 25 years of experience leading high-performing companies and 

brands in the consumer and durable industries, and Mike has more than 35 years of experience in the 

consumer products industry, including 24 years with Procter & Gamble.

Looking Ahead

Although it’s too early to discuss our detailed priorities for 2020 and beyond, I anticipate the year will 

involve significant investment in demand creation activities and capital expenditures in order to take 

Central to the next level.  We are looking forward to 2020 when we will celebrate 40 years since our 

Chairman, Bill Brown, founded Central.  Building on this foundation, it is my goal to ensure we develop an 

evolved strategy that will position us well for the next chapter and deliver strong shareholder value.  

Sometime in the Spring, we look forward to sharing more details on this strategy and the implications for 

2020 and beyond.

In closing, I am confident in the value of the platform and our ability to unlock its full potential. Central 

remains strong, well-capitalized and well-positioned to grow.  We are focused on delivering for all of our 

stakeholders, and I could not be more excited about the opportunities ahead.

Respectfully,

Tim Cofer

Chief Executive Officer

To our Shareholders:

In October 2019, I had the privilege of joining Central as CEO.  I’ve spent these first few months 
conducting in-depth business reviews, touring many of our facilities, meeting key customers and 
listening to a great deal of feedback from my Central colleagues.  This engagement has not only 
deepened my understanding of the people and culture that have made Central what it is today but has 
also reinforced my belief in our platform and potential.  Our people, our brands and our strong customer 
partnerships all provide significant opportunity for continued Central growth.

It is clear to me that Central embraces many of the attributes I believe are critical for a consumer 
products company to be successful.  Thanks to our entrepreneurial culture and empowered business unit 
structure, our organization is agile and can move at the speed of our consumers and customers.  We also 
deliver superior quality, drive excellence in customer service and maintain a mindset of continuous 
improvement, seeking efficiency in all that we do.  While Central faced challenges in fiscal 2019, I have 
the utmost confidence in our people, our organization and the fundamentals of our underlying 
businesses.

Fiscal 2019 Overview
In fiscal year 2019, sales increased 7.6%, due in large part to acquisitions. Our overall organic growth of 
1.5% was attributable mainly to our Garden segment and occurred despite unfavorable weather which 
negatively impacted sales of our Garden controls products as well as our Pet animal health business.  We 
also had product performance challenges in one of our animal health businesses that partially offset 
strong growth in many of our other Pet units including Dog & Cat, Wild Bird, and Small Animal.

Overall profitability for the year declined due to these challenges, the inclusion of two quarters of losses 
at our newly acquired, highly seasonal Bell Nursery business that were not in the previous year’s results, 
and significant write-offs of receivables and inventory in the fourth quarter.

Nevertheless, we ended the year on very strong financial footing, generating operating cash flow of $205 
million, an 80% increase over the prior year, primarily due to improvements in working capital.  With 
$500 million of cash on our balance sheet, we are well-positioned to make accretive acquisitions in the 
years ahead that, along with our investments in demand creation initiatives to drive organic growth, 
should help us grow sustainably.

Speaking of acquisitions, we strengthened our company during the year by adding two businesses that 
are leaders in their categories.  In February, we purchased the remaining 55% stake in Arden Companies, 
the leading manufacturer of outdoor cushions. In June, we acquired C&S Products, the leading player in 
the wild bird suet market.  Both of these acquisitions contributed to sales and profits for the year. It’s 
clear that our growth through acquisition model has created value for shareholders and meaningful scale 
advantages for Central, so we remain very active in evaluating opportunities.  However, we will be 
disciplined and focused on finding attractively-priced acquisitions where we can add value, achieve 
synergies and generate an attractive return.

Finally, we took steps to add more talent to our management team and Board.  In August, John Hanson 
stepped off our Board to assume the position of President of Pet Consumer Products.  John has 25 years 
of consumer products experience and we are pleased to see his leadership of this critical business.  At 
the Board level, we appointed two new highly capable independent directors, Christopher Metz and 
Michael Griffith.  Chris brings more than 25 years of experience leading high-performing companies and 
brands in the consumer and durable industries, and Mike has more than 35 years of experience in the 
consumer products industry, including 24 years with Procter & Gamble.

Looking Ahead
Although it’s too early to discuss our detailed priorities for 2020 and beyond, I anticipate the year will 
involve significant investment in demand creation activities and capital expenditures in order to take 
Central to the next level.  We are looking forward to 2020 when we will celebrate 40 years since our 
Chairman, Bill Brown, founded Central.  Building on this foundation, it is my goal to ensure we develop an 
evolved strategy that will position us well for the next chapter and deliver strong shareholder value.  
Sometime in the Spring, we look forward to sharing more details on this strategy and the implications for 
2020 and beyond.

In closing, I am confident in the value of the platform and our ability to unlock its full potential. Central 
remains strong, well-capitalized and well-positioned to grow.  We are focused on delivering for all of our 
stakeholders, and I could not be more excited about the opportunities ahead.

Respectfully,

Tim Cofer
Chief Executive Officer

To our Shareholders:

In October 2019, I had the privilege of joining Central as CEO.  I’ve spent these first few months 

conducting in-depth business reviews, touring many of our facilities, meeting key customers and 

listening to a great deal of feedback from my Central colleagues.  This engagement has not only 

deepened my understanding of the people and culture that have made Central what it is today but has 

also reinforced my belief in our platform and potential.  Our people, our brands and our strong customer 

partnerships all provide significant opportunity for continued Central growth.

It is clear to me that Central embraces many of the attributes I believe are critical for a consumer 

products company to be successful.  Thanks to our entrepreneurial culture and empowered business unit 

structure, our organization is agile and can move at the speed of our consumers and customers.  We also 

deliver superior quality, drive excellence in customer service and maintain a mindset of continuous 

improvement, seeking efficiency in all that we do.  While Central faced challenges in fiscal 2019, I have 

the utmost confidence in our people, our organization and the fundamentals of our underlying 

businesses.

Fiscal 2019 Overview

In fiscal year 2019, sales increased 7.6%, due in large part to acquisitions. Our overall organic growth of 

1.5% was attributable mainly to our Garden segment and occurred despite unfavorable weather which 

negatively impacted sales of our Garden controls products as well as our Pet animal health business.  We 

also had product performance challenges in one of our animal health businesses that partially offset 

strong growth in many of our other Pet units including Dog & Cat, Wild Bird, and Small Animal.

Overall profitability for the year declined due to these challenges, the inclusion of two quarters of losses 

at our newly acquired, highly seasonal Bell Nursery business that were not in the previous year’s results, 

and significant write-offs of receivables and inventory in the fourth quarter.

Nevertheless, we ended the year on very strong financial footing, generating operating cash flow of $205 

million, an 80% increase over the prior year, primarily due to improvements in working capital.  With 

$500 million of cash on our balance sheet, we are well-positioned to make accretive acquisitions in the 

years ahead that, along with our investments in demand creation initiatives to drive organic growth, 

should help us grow sustainably.

Speaking of acquisitions, we strengthened our company during the year by adding two businesses that 

are leaders in their categories.  In February, we purchased the remaining 55% stake in Arden Companies, 

the leading manufacturer of outdoor cushions. In June, we acquired C&S Products, the leading player in 

the wild bird suet market.  Both of these acquisitions contributed to sales and profits for the year. It’s 

clear that our growth through acquisition model has created value for shareholders and meaningful scale 

advantages for Central, so we remain very active in evaluating opportunities.  However, we will be 

disciplined and focused on finding attractively-priced acquisitions where we can add value, achieve 

synergies and generate an attractive return.

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
________________________________________________________________________________________ 

FORM 10-K 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT 
OF 1934 

☒ 

For the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019 
OR 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE 
ACT OF 1934 

☐ 

For the transition period from ________ to ________ 

Commission File Number 1-33268 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 

68-0275553 

(IRS Employer Identification Number) 

1340 Treat Boulevard, Suite 600, Walnut Creek, California 94597 
(Address of principal executive offices)  (Zip Code) 
Telephone Number: (925) 948-4000 

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: 

Title of Each Class 
Common Stock 
Class A Common Stock 

Trading Symbol(s) 
CENT 
CENTA 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC 

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☒   No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to 
such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 
of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit 
and post such files).    Yes  ☒   No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or 
an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth 
company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  ☒ 

Accelerated filer  ☐ 

Non-accelerated filer  ☐ 

Smaller reporting company  ☐ 

Emerging growth company  ☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ☐     No  ☒ 

At March 30, 2019, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Common Stock, Class A Common Stock and Class B Stock held by non-affiliates 
of the registrant was approximately $265.3 million, $971.0 million and $160,000, respectively. 

At November 15, 2019, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock was 11,537,862 and the number of shares of Class A 
Common Stock was 42,744,831. In addition, on such date, the registrant had outstanding 1,652,262 shares of its Class B Stock, which are 
convertible into Common Stock on a share-for-share basis. 

Definitive Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders – Part III of this Form 10-K 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Central Garden & Pet Company

Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K

For the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019 

PART I

PART II

Business

Item 1.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.

Properties

Item 3.

Item 4.

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5.

Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Item 9B. Other Information

PART III

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.
Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Item 16.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

PART IV

i

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48

 
 
 
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-K includes “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements include statements concerning our plans, 
objectives, goals, strategies, future events, future revenues or performance, projected cost savings, capital expenditures, financing needs, 
plans or intentions relating to acquisitions, our competitive strengths and weaknesses, our business strategy and the trends we anticipate in 
the industries and markets in which we operate and other information that is not historical information. When used in this Form 10-K, the 
words “estimates,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “plans,” “intends,” “believes” and variations of such words or similar expressions are 
intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, our examination of historical 
operating trends, are based upon our current expectations and various assumptions. Our expectations, beliefs and projections are expressed 
in good faith, and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them, but we cannot assure you that our expectations, beliefs and projections 
will be realized.

There are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking 
statements contained in this Form 10-K. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking 
statements we make in this Form 10-K are set forth in this Form 10-K, including the factors described in the section entitled “Item 1A – Risk 
Factors.” If any of these risks or uncertainties materializes, or if any of our underlying assumptions are incorrect, our actual results may differ 
significantly from the results that we express in or imply by any of our forward-looking statements. We do not undertake any obligation to 
revise these forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances, except as required by law. Presently known risk factors 
include, but are not limited to, the following factors:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

seasonality and fluctuations in our operating results and cash flow;

fluctuations in market prices for seeds and grains and other raw materials;

our inability to pass through cost increases in a timely manner;

our dependence upon key executives;

risks associated with new product introductions, including the risk that our new products will not produce sufficient sales 
to recoup our investment;

fluctuations in energy prices, fuel and related petrochemical costs;

declines in consumer spending during economic downturns;

inflation, deflation and other adverse macro-economic conditions;

supply shortages in pet birds, small animals and fish;

adverse weather conditions;

risks associated with our acquisition strategy;

access to and cost of additional capital;

dependence on a small number of customers for a significant portion of our business;

impacts of tariffs or a trade war;

consolidation trends in the retail industry;

competition in our industries;

potential goodwill or intangible asset impairment;

continuing implementation of an enterprise resource planning information technology system;

our inability to protect our trademarks and other proprietary rights;

ii

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

potential environmental liabilities;

risk associated with international sourcing;

litigation and product liability claims;

regulatory issues;

the impact of product recalls;

potential costs and risks associated with actual or potential cyber attacks;

the impact of new accounting regulations and the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on the Company's tax rate;

our ability to recover losses and mitigate business interruption caused by the November 2019 fire at our DMC facility in 
Texas;

the voting power associated with our Class B stock; and

potential dilution from issuance of authorized shares.

iii

 
MARKET, RANKING AND OTHER DATA

The data included in this Form 10-K regarding markets and ranking, including the size of certain markets and our position and the 
position of our competitors and products within these markets, are based on both independent industry publications, including Packaged 
Facts Lawn and Garden Consumables, 10th edition, October 2019; The Freedonia Group Landscaping Products, May 2019; 2019 National 
Gardening Survey; The Freedonia Group Live Goods: Plants, Trees and Shrubbery, June 2019; TechNavio Outdoor Cushions Market in the 
US, October 2019; Packaged Facts U.S. Pet Market Outlook, 2019-2020, February 2019; Packaged Facts Pet Treats and Chews in the U.S., 
3rd Edition, September 2019; Packaged Facts Durable Dog and Cat Petcare Products 2nd Edition, October 2018; Packaged Facts Pet 
Medications in the U.S., 6th Edition July 2019;  Packaged Facts Fish, Small Animal, Reptile and Bird Product: U.S. Pet Market Trends & 
Opportunities, February 2018; Packaged Facts Pet Food in the U.S. 14th Edition, December 2018; American Pet Products Association 
(APPA) National Pet Owners Survey 2018-2019; U.S. Census Bureau; and our estimates based on management’s knowledge and 
experience in the markets in which we operate. Our estimates have been based on information provided by customers, suppliers, trade and 
business organizations and other contacts in the markets in which we operate. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding our 
market and ranking data presented herein, our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, 
including those discussed under the heading “Risk factors” in this Form 10-K. This information may prove to be inaccurate because of the 
method by which we obtained some of the data for our estimates or because this information cannot always be verified with complete 
certainty due to the limits on the availability and reliability of raw data, the voluntary nature of the data gathering process and other limitations 
and uncertainties inherent in a survey of market size. As a result, you should be aware that market, ranking and other similar data included 
herein, and estimates and beliefs based on that data, may not be reliable. We cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such 
information contained herein.

TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES

We own or have rights to use trademarks, service marks and trade names in connection with the operation of our business.  In 
addition, our names, logos and website names and addresses are or include our service marks or trademarks.  Other trademarks, service 
marks and trade names appearing in this Form 10-K are the property of their respective owners.   Solely for convenience, some of the 
trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this Form 10-K may be listed without the ® or ™ symbols, but the absence of such 
symbols does not indicate the registration state whether or not they are registered.  We will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, 
our rights or the rights of the applicable licensors to these trademarks, service marks and trade names.

iv

Item 1. Business

Our Company

 PART I

Central Garden & Pet Company (“Central”) is a leading innovator, producer and distributor of branded and private label products for 
the lawn & garden and pet supplies markets in the United States. The total annual retail sales of the pet food, treats & chews, supplies and 
live animal industry in 2018 was estimated by Packaged Facts and the pet industry to have been approximately $51.9 billion. We estimate 
the annual retail sales of the pet supplies, live animal, and treats & chews and natural pet food markets in the categories in which we 
participate to be approximately $27.4 billion. The total lawn and garden consumables, decorative products, live plant and outdoor cushions 
and pillows industry in the United States is estimated by Packaged Facts, The Freedonia Group and TechNavio to have been approximately 
$23.3 billion in annual retail sales in 2018, including fertilizer, pesticides, growing media, seeds, mulch, other consumables, decorative 
products, live plants and outdoor cushions and pillows. We estimate the annual retail sales of the lawn and garden consumables, decorative 
products and live plant markets in the categories in which we participate to be approximately $16.3 billion.

Our pet supplies products include products for dogs and cats, including edible bones, premium healthy edible and non-edible chews, 

natural dog and cat food and treats, toys, pet carriers, grooming supplies and other accessories; products for birds, small animals and 
specialty pets, including food, cages and habitats, toys, chews and related accessories; animal and household health and insect control 
products; live fish and products for fish, reptiles and other aquarium-based pets, including aquariums, furniture and lighting fixtures, pumps, 
filters, water conditioners, food and supplements, and information and knowledge resources; and products for horses and livestock. These 
products are sold under the brands including Adams™, Aqueon®, Avoderm®, C&S Products®, Cadet®, Farnam®, Four Paws®, Kaytee®, K&H 
Pet Products®, Nylabone®, Pinnacle®, TFH™, Zilla® as well as a number of other brands including Altosid®, Comfort Zone®, Coralife®, 
Interpet®, Pet Select® and Zodiac®.

Our lawn and garden supplies products include proprietary and non-proprietary grass seed; wild bird feed, bird feeders, bird houses 

and other birding accessories; weed, grass, and other herbicides, insecticide and pesticide products; fertilizers; and decorative outdoor 
lifestyle products including pottery, as well as live plants and outdoor cushions and pillows. These products are sold under the brands 
AMDRO®, Arden Companies™, Ironite®, Pennington®, and Sevin®, as well as a number of other brand names including Lilly Miller®, Over-N-
Out®, Smart Seed® and The Rebels®.

We were incorporated in Delaware in May 1992 as the successor to a California corporation that was formed in 1955. Our executive 
offices are located at 1340 Treat Boulevard, Suite 600, Walnut Creek, California 94597, and our telephone number is (925) 948-4000. Our 
website is www.central.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference in this annual report.

1

Recent Developments

Financial summary:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $167.6 million, or 7.6%, to $2,383.0 million. Our Pet segment sales increased 3.3%, 
and our Garden segment sales increased 14.2%.

Gross profit for fiscal 2019 increased $28.6 million, or 4.2%, to $704.0 million. Gross margin declined 100 basis points in 
fiscal 2019 to 29.5%, from 30.5% in fiscal 2018.

Our operating income decreased $15.2 million, or 9.1%, to $152.1 million in fiscal 2019, and as a percentage of net sales 
decreased 120 basis points to 6.4%.

Net income for fiscal 2019 was $92.8 million, or $1.61 per share on a diluted basis, compared to net income in fiscal 2018 
of $123.6 million, or $2.32 per share on a diluted basis.

Non-GAAP net income decreased to $92.3 million, or $1.60 per diluted share, in fiscal 2019 from $102.1 million, or $1.91 
per diluted share, in fiscal 2018.

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding increased 4,270 shares, or 8.0%, from 53,341 shares in fiscal 2018 to 
57,611 shares in fiscal 2019.

Acquisitions

C&S Products

In May 2019, we purchased C&S Products, a manufacturer of suet and other wild bird feed products, for approximately $30.0 million, 
to complement our existing wild bird feed business.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $4.7 million of cash was used to eliminate 
the acquired long-term debt. 

Arden Companies

In February 2019, we purchased the remaining 55% ownership interest in Arden Companies, a manufacturer of outdoor cushions and 
pillows, for $13.4 million.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $36 million of cash was used to eliminate most of the acquired long-
term debt.  As a result of the purchase of the remaining 55% ownership interest, we remeasured our previously held investment interest at its 
acquisition-date fair value and recorded a gain of approximately $3.2 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses in our 
condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The acquisition complements our existing garden portfolio. 

Subsequent Event

In November 2019, our DMC business unit in the Pet Segment experienced a fire in one of its leased properties located in Athens, 
Texas.  As a result, we sustained inventory and property-related losses in the estimated range of $15 million to $25 million dollars.  This event 
has temporarily had a limited impact on our ability to fulfill orders to certain of our customers.  We currently believe our insurance coverage is 
sufficient to cover the asset losses as well as the business interruption loss associated with this event.

Competitive Strengths

We believe we have a number of competitive strengths, which serve as the foundation of our business strategy, including the following:

• 

Market Leadership Positions Built on a Strong Brand Portfolio. We are one of the leaders in the U.S. pet supplies market 
and in the U.S. consumer lawn and garden supplies market. We have a diversified portfolio of brands, many of which we 
believe are among the leading brands in their respective U.S. market categories. The majority of our brands have been 
marketed and sold for more than 30 years. 

2

• 

History of Innovative New Products and Customer Service. We continuously seek to introduce new products, both as 
complementary extensions of existing product lines and in new product categories. Over the last two years, we have 
received a number of awards for innovation, customer service and marketing. 

Innovation

For innovation in 2019, Kaytee won the Pet Age Magazine Readers Top Choice Award for its Extreme Odor Control 
Bedding.  Kaytee also won the Pet Business Magazine Industry Recognition Award for its Premium Timothy Hay Treats.  
Additionally, Zilla won second place at Global Pet Expo for the Zilla Bow Front Opening Terrarium.

In 2018, Kaytee won the Pet Business Industry award in the small animal toys category, both Global Pet Expo and Super 
Zoo awards in the small animal category for new product with Premium Timothy Hay Treats, and Pet Valu's Best New 
Product in Small Pet award; Zilla won a Global Pet and Super Zoo award for the Reptile Spring Cave Accessory and a 
Super Zoo award for vertical decor; and for the second consecutive year, Aqueon won Pet Valu's Best New Product 
award for the Neo Glow fish tank.  Also in 2018, Farnam's Super Mask won EquineSeniors.com's "Good-Horsekeeping" 
award for Best Fly Mask with Ears.

Customer Service

For customer service, C&S Products has been an "A+" vendor for ACE Hardware for the past 10 years and an "A" vendor 
at Menards for over six years.  In 2019, Kaytee was awarded the inaugural vendor of the year award for the total Farm/
Pet category by Fleet Farm for operational excellence, best-in-class customer service and it's top-to-top partnership and 
collaboration in supporting Fleet Farm's initiatives.

In 2018, the Garden segment was recognized by Lowe's for the third consecutive year as its Lawn & Garden Supplier of 
the Year.  In 2018, the Pet segment won Petco’s Strategic Initiative Vendor in Companion Animal and Pet Valu’s awards 
for Highest Sales Service Level and Highest Year over Year Sales Growth in Aquatic & Reptile.

Marketing

In 2019, Segrest won the Most Innovative Brick & Mortar Differentiator award at Global Pet Expo for its synergistic work 
with Petsense and Casco as well as a number of Central's brands to introduce live animals to their stores.  In 2019 and 
2018, Central won numerous Equine media awards from American Horse Publications and National Animal Supplement 
Council’s Visibility Awards for advertising, marketing, multimedia ads, social media campaigns, print and education of 
customers and the industry.

• 

• 

Strong Relationships with Retailers. We have developed strong relationships with major and independent brick & mortar 
and e-commerce retailers providing them broad product offerings including new product innovation, premium brands, 
private label programs, proprietary sales and logistics capabilities and a high level of customer service. Major retailers 
value the efficiency of dealing with suppliers with national scope and strong brands. We believe our ability to meet their 
unique needs for packaging and point of sale displays provides us with a competitive advantage. Independent retailers 
value our high level of customer service and broad array of premium branded products. We believe these strengths have 
assisted us in becoming one of the largest pet supplies vendors to PetSmart, PETCO and Walmart and among the 
largest lawn and garden supplies vendors to Walmart, Home Depot and Lowe’s, and the club and mass merchandise 
channels, as well as a leading supplier to independent pet and garden supplies retailers in the United States.

Favorable Long-Term Industry Characteristics. We believe the U.S. pet supplies market will grow over the long term due 
to favorable demographic and leisure trends. The key demographics bolstering our markets are the growth rates in the 
number of millennials who now account for 31% of pet owners and account for the largest percentages of small animal, 
reptile and saltwater fish owners. According to the 2018 - 2019 APPA National Pet Owners Survey, the number of U.S. 
pet owners has remained fairly consistent in recent years with 67% of all households owning a pet.  In addition, many pet 
supplies products (e.g., toys, pest control, grooming supplies, beds, bedding, and collars, etc.) are routinely consumed 
and replenished.  As many as 45% of dog owners and 36% of cat owners reported purchasing treats in the past 30 days.

We believe that gardening is one of the most popular leisure activities in the United States.  According to the National 
Gardening Survey, nearly three-quarters of U.S. households participated in some kind of lawn and garden activity in 2018 
with participation by 18-34 year-old households accounting for one-quarter of spending.  Participation is highest amongst 
married households, households with children, and those persons making $100,000 or more per year. The 18-34 
demographic participation percentage is projected by the U.S. Census Bureau to remain consistent for the foreseeable 

3

future.  The 2019 National Gardening Survey also notes that the trends of more people gardening in their yards, 
container gardening, food gardening and organic gardening are examples of wider interest in a rapidly changing industry.  
We view the long-term outlook for this market as staying intact and showing slow positive growth. 

• 

Sales and Logistics Networks. We are a leading supplier to independent specialty retailers for the pet and lawn and 
garden supplies markets through our sales and logistics networks. We believe our sales and logistics networks give us a 
significant competitive advantage over other suppliers. These networks provide us with key access to independent pet 
specialty retail stores and retail lawn and garden customers that require two-step distribution facilitating: 

acquisition and maintenance of shelf placement;

prompt product replenishment;

customization of retailer programs;

quick responses to changing customer and retailer preferences;

rapid deployment and feedback for new products; and

immediate exposure for new internally-developed and acquired brands.

We plan to continue to utilize our team of dedicated sales people and our sales and logistics networks to expand sales of 
our branded products.

Business Strategy

Our objective is to grow revenues, profits and cash flows by enhancing our position as one of the leading companies in the U.S. pet 

supplies and lawn and garden supplies industries.  We seek to do so by developing new products, increasing market share, acquiring 
businesses and working in partnership with our customers to grow the categories in which we participate.  To achieve our objective, we plan 
to capitalize on our strengths and favorable industry trends by executing on the following key strategic pillars to drive our growth:

Accelerate the Growth Momentum of Our Portfolio.

•  We are managing each business differentially, based on clearly articulated strategies that define the role of each business within 

our portfolio. We have assessed the profitability and growth potential of each of our businesses.  All businesses have a clear role in 
the portfolio and a strategy that is consistent with that role. Some of our businesses are managed to optimize top-line growth, 
whereas others are more focused on reducing costs and maximizing operating income.  We have three-year pipelines in both 
innovation activities and cost saving initiatives intended to ensure we have the pieces in place to deliver the organic growth 
targeted for our businesses.

•  We are building out our portfolio in attractive, broadly-defined Pet & Garden markets. We seek to acquire businesses that are 

accretive to our growth.  Our M&A model is one of our key strengths. Since 1992, we have completed over 50 acquisitions to create 
a company of approximately $2.4 billion in sales. In the last two years, we have acquired four new businesses including entering 
into the live plant and outdoor seat cushion businesses. We are patient and disciplined value buyers, typically focused on 
opportunities in the garden and pet areas.  However, we are open to any business which can leverage our capabilities and allow us 
to add value through our low-cost manufacturing capabilities, operating synergies, or strong distribution network.  We generally 
prefer to acquire businesses with proven, seasoned management teams, who are committed to stay with the acquired business 
after closing.  We have been successful in growing our acquisitions organically after acquiring them into our portfolio.  We 
continually review our businesses to ensure they can meet our expectations and, in some cases, have implemented strategies to 
reverse sub-par performance.  We are also committed to exiting businesses where we cannot find a path to profitability and have 
done so in the past, for example the portion of the pottery business we exited in fiscal 2019.  

Keep the Core Healthy.

•  We are building on our strong customer relationships by developing and executing winning category growth strategies. We produce 
both branded products and private label products for our customers as well as distribute third party brands that give our retail 
partners an unparalleled breadth of selection of premium and value products.  We reinvest some of our annual cost savings in 
demand creation to help us drive sustainable organic growth and build share.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

To grow, we are also seeking to develop more differentiated and more defensible new products.  We are doing so by continuously 
striving to get a deeper understanding of our consumers, comprehending what products and features they desire and how they 
make their purchase decisions.  We are increasing our overall investment in consumer insights and research and development in 
order to achieve our innovation goals with a strong pipeline of new products.

Build Digital Capabilities for Competitive Advantage and a Compelling Consumer Experience. 

•  We are freeing up our businesses in e-commerce by ensuring we have the right policies, products, and programs to allow all 

channels to compete effectively. We recognize that consumers are increasingly researching, if not buying products on-line, and 
hence we are advancing our digital capabilities.  One key area is in marketing communication where we are working to better reach 
consumers at key points in their path to purchase with advanced capabilities in search engine optimization, reputation management 
and social listening to name a few.  Concurrently, we are optimizing our supply chain for high-demand e-commerce items to ensure 
customer and consumer availability requirements are met at optimal cost.  Finally, we are also expanding our data analytics 
capability to improve and accelerate business insight.  In a marketplace that is moving very quickly, fast decision-making is 
important to gaining a competitive advantage.

Drive Cost Savings and Productivity Improvements to Fuel Growth.

• 

Optimizing our supply chain footprint is a priority as we seek to become more efficient and cost-effective.  Having the right facilities 
in the right locations is critical to both lowering costs and enabling our businesses to meet the growth demands of our existing and 
new customers, from both our legacy and acquired businesses.  In addition, while we value being a decentralized company, we 
believe we have significant opportunities to improve our performance by driving processes and programs to allow us to align for 
scale and share best practices.  The initiatives, along with our systematic cost savings programs being driven by each business 
unit, should enable the overall company to reduce our cost of goods sold and administrative spending by 1% to 2% annually.

Attract, Retain and Develop Exceptional Employees.

•  We have approximately 5,800 employees in over 100 locations. We believe people work at Central because they love the 
categories in which we operate and that creates a passionate and effective group. We also have a strong leadership team 
representing a mix of successful entrepreneurs and classically trained consumer products executives. We place an emphasis on 
helping our employees develop their skills and focus on succession planning to ensure we can grow sustainably year-after-year.

Products – General

The following table indicates each class of similar products which represented approximately 10% or more of our consolidated net 

sales in the fiscal years presented (in millions). 

Category
Other pet products
Other garden products
Other manufacturers' products
Dog & cat products
Controls & fertilizer products
Total

Pet Segment

Pet Overview

2019

2018

2017

613.4
560.8
504.5
452.1
252.2
2,383.0

$

$

606.7
445.7
454.3
445.1
263.6
2,215.4

$

$

603.6
377.0
409.0
405.1
259.8
2,054.5

$

$

We are one of the leading marketers and producers of pet supplies in the United States. In addition, our Pet segment operates one of 

the largest sales and logistics networks in the industry, strategically supporting our brands.

Pet Industry Background

According to the Packaged Facts U.S. Pet Market Outlook, 2019 - 2020, the percentage of U.S. households with dogs or cats in 2018 

remained at 52% where it has been since 2011.

5

The pet industry includes food, supplies, veterinarian care, services and live animals. We operate primarily in the pet supplies segment 
of the industry as well as in the live fish and live small animal categories. This segment includes: products for dogs and cats, including edible 
bones, premium healthy edible and non-edible chews, rawhide, toys, pet beds, pet carriers, grooming supplies and other accessories; 
products for birds, small animals and specialty pets, including cages and habitats, toys, chews, and related accessories; animal and 
household health and insect control products; products for fish, reptiles and other aquarium-based pets, including aquariums, furniture and 
lighting fixtures, pumps, filters, water conditioners and supplements, and information and knowledge resources; and products for horses and 
livestock.  Packaged Facts estimates that the pet supplies, natural dog and cat food, pet treats & chews and live fish, small animals and pet 
birds industry had $26.4 billion in revenue in 2018.

We believe the U.S. pet supplies market will grow over the long term due to favorable demographic and leisure trends. The key 
demographics bolstering our markets are the growth rates in the number of millennials who now account for 31% of pet owners and account 
for the largest percentages of small animal, reptile and saltwater fish owners. According to the 2018 - 2019 APPA National Pet Owners 
Survey, the number of U.S. pet owners has remained fairly consistent in recent years with 67% of all households owning a pet.  In addition, 
many pet supplies products (e.g., toys, pest control, grooming supplies, beds, bedding, and collars, etc.) are routinely consumed and 
replenished.  As many as 45% of dog owners and 36% of cat owners reported purchasing treats in the past 30 days. 

The U.S. pet supplies market is highly fragmented with approximately 1,400 manufacturers, consisting primarily of small companies 

with limited product lines. The majority of these manufacturers do not have a captive sales and logistics network and must rely on us or other 
independent distributors to supply their products to regional pet specialty chains and independent retailers. According to Packaged Facts, 
dog & cat supplies sales increased 23% from 2014 to 2018. Sales are expected to increase an additional 22% by 2023, indicating the 
strength of this category.

The pet food and supplies industry retail channel also remains fragmented with only two national pet specialty retailers, PetSmart and 

PETCO and over 7,300 independent pet supply stores and smaller pet chains as well as club and mass merchandise stores in the United 
States.  According to Packaged Facts, pet specialty chain brick and mortar sales were 24% in 2018 and are expected to maintain through 
2023.  At the same time, internet sales (including online sales by omnichannel players) have increased to 18% in 2018 and are projected to 
increase to 23% of U.S. retail sales of pet products by 2023.  Pet products have also become a growing category in mass merchandisers, 
discounters, grocery outlets and the e-commerce channel. Mass merchandisers, supermarkets and discounters have historically carried a 
limited product assortment that features primarily pet food, but we believe these retailers are devoting more shelf space to meet increased 
consumer demand for premium pet supplies. Independent pet stores typically have a relatively broad product selection and attempt to 
differentiate themselves by offering premier brands and knowledgeable service.

Proprietary Branded Pet Products

Our principal pet supplies categories are dog and cat, aquatics, bird and small animal, wild bird feed, live fish and small animal, and 

animal health products.

Dog & Cat. Our dog and cat category, featuring the brands Nylabone®, Four Paws®, Cadet®, Dallas Manufacturing Company (DMC™), 

K&H Pet Products™, TFH® Publications, AvoDerm®, Pinnacle®, Pet Select and Mikki®, is an industry leader in manufacturing and marketing 
premium edible and non-edible chews, interactive toys, natural dog and cat food, grooming supplies and pet care print and digital content. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Nylabone is predominately made in the United States and has a strong history of developing innovative products such as 
NutriDent® Edible Dental Brush Chews, Nubz® and Healthy Edibles® as well as numerous other award-winning dog toys 
and healthy chews.

IMS is a manufacturer and supplier of a full-line of quality rawhide and other natural dog chews, and treats largely under 
the Cadet® and Farm to Paws™ brands.

Four Paws Products include industry leaders in grooming and waste management products under the Wee Wee® and 
Magic Coat® brands.

Pet Home Essentials combines our acquisition of DMC, the industry-leading dog & cat bed company and supplier to 
many of the largest retailers for private label and branded bedding, and our acquisition of K&H, a producer of premium 
pet supplies and the largest marketer of heated pet products in the country.

TFH Publications is a globally recognized publisher of both pet books and an aquatics magazine.

Breeder’s Choice, featuring the Pinnacle and AvoDerm brands, is a manufacturer of natural pet food for our own brands, 
other parties and private label.

6

Aquatics. We are a leading supplier of aquariums and related fixtures and furniture, water conditioners and supplements, sophisticated 

lighting systems and accessories featuring the brands Aqueon, Zilla, Interpet, Coralife and Blagdon.

Small Animal, Pet Bird & Wild Bird Feed. We are a leading marketer and producer of supplies and pet food for small animals, pet birds, 

and wild birds.  We offer a full range of products including species specific diets, treats, habitats, bedding, hay and toys under the Kaytee®, 
Forti-Diet, Critter Trail® and C&S Products® brands. Many of our branded wild bird mixes are treated with a proprietary blend of vitamins and 
minerals.  Our brands are some of the most widely recognized and trusted brands for birds and small animals. 

Animal Health. We are a leading marketer and producer of mosquito and other insect control products produced by Wellmark 
International and sold primarily under the Bio Spot Active Care™, Adams, Altosid®, Centynal™, ClariFly®IGR, Comfort Zone®, Diacon®, Pre 
Strike and Extinguish® brand names. Wellmark is the only domestic producer of (S)-Methoprene, which is an active ingredient to control 
mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, ants and mites in many professional and consumer insect control applications. We also sell (S)-Methoprene to 
manufacturers of other insect control products, including Frontline Plus. In addition, we are a leading manufacturer and marketer of 
innovative products for horses in the fly control, supplements, grooming, deworming, wound care, leather care & rodenticides categories. Our 
portfolio of brands includes Farnam, Horse Health Products, Vita Flex, Just One Bite and Rodentex.  These brands, along with a diverse 
stable of sub-brands (including IverCare®, Bronco®, Super Mask® II, Endure®, Red Cell®, Horseshoer’s Secret® and Vetrolin®), position us as 
a leader in these categories.

Live Fish and Small Animals.  Segrest is a leading wholesaler of aquarium fish and small animals to pet specialty and mass 

merchandiser stores in the U.S.

Pet Sales Network

Our domestic sales and logistics network exists to promote both our proprietary brands and third-party partner brands. It provides 

value-added service to approximately 12,000 customers, many of which are independent specialty stores with fewer than 10 locations and 
veterinary offices. This includes acquisition and maintenance of premium shelf placement, prompt product replenishment, customization of 
retailer programs, quick response to changing customer and retailer preferences, rapid deployment and feedback for new products and 
immediate exposure for acquired brands. The combination of brands in the network that are supplied in single shipments enables our 
independent customers to work with us on a cost-effective basis to meet their pet supplies requirements. We also operate a sales and 
logistics facility in the United Kingdom.

Pet Sales and Marketing

Our sales strategy is multi-tiered and designed to capture maximum market share with retailers. Our customers include retailers, such 

as club, regional and national specialty pet stores, independent pet retailers, mass merchants, grocery and drug stores, as well as the e-
commerce channel. We also serve the professional market with insect control and health and wellness products for use by veterinarians, 
municipalities, farmers and equine product suppliers. Costco Wholesale accounted for approximately 11% of our Pet segment's net sales in 
fiscal 2019 and 2018.  PetSmart, PETCO, Walmart and Amazon are also significant customers.

To optimize our product placement and visibility in retail stores, our focused sales resources are segmented as follows:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a sales organization operating by category and channel;

dedicated account teams servicing our largest customers;

a group of account managers focused on regional chains;

a geographic based group of territory managers dedicated to the independent retailer; and

a specialized group of account managers dedicated to the professional and equine markets.

These sales teams deliver our marketing strategy that is consumer, brand and channel driven. We provide value creation with a focus 

on innovation, product quality and performance, premium packaging, product positioning and consumer value. We collaborate closely with 
our customers to identify their needs, jointly develop strategies to meet those needs and deliver programs that include print, broadcast, direct 
mail and digital execution.

7

Pet Competition

The pet supplies industry is highly competitive and has experienced considerable consolidation.  The e-commerce channel has been 
growing at a rapid rate in recent years. Our branded pet products compete against national and regional branded products and private label 
products produced by various suppliers. Our largest competitors in the product categories we participate in are Spectrum Brands and Hartz 
Mountain. The Pet segment competes primarily on the basis of brand recognition, innovation, upscale packaging, quality and service. Our 
Pet segment’s sales and logistics operations compete with Animal Supply Co., Phillips Pet Food & Supplies and a number of smaller local 
and regional distributors, with competition based on product selection, price, value-added services and personal relationships.

Garden Segment

Garden Overview

We are a leading company in the consumer lawn and garden market in the United States and offer both premium and value-oriented 

branded products. We market and produce a broad array of premium brands, including Pennington, The Rebels, AMDRO, Lilly Miller, Ironite, 
Sevin, and Over-N-Out. We also produce value brands at lower prices, including numerous private label brands. In addition, our Garden 
segment operates a sales and logistics network that strategically supports its brands.

Garden Industry Background

The garden industry includes consumables (fertilizer, pesticides, seed, growing media, mulch and products sold in bulk) as well as 

landscaping products (decorative products such as pottery, wild bird & animal products, water features and lighting) and arches/trellises. We 
operate primarily in the garden consumables and decorative segments of the industry.  Packaged Facts, The Freedonia Group and 
TechNavio estimate that garden consumables, decorative, live plant and outdoor cushions and pillows retail sales were $23.3 billion in 2018.

We believe that gardening is one of the most popular leisure activities in the United States.  According to the National Gardening 

Survey, nearly three-quarters of U.S. households participated in some kind of lawn and garden activity in 2018 with participation by 18-34 
year-old households accounting for one-quarter of spending.  Participation is highest amongst married households, households with children, 
and those persons making $100,000 or more per year. The 18-34 demographic participation percentage is projected by the U.S. Census 
Bureau to remain consistent for the foreseeable future.  The 2019 National Gardening Survey also notes that the trends of more people 
gardening in their yards, container gardening, food gardening and organic gardening are examples of wider interest in a rapidly changing 
industry.  We view the long-term outlook for this market as staying intact and showing slow positive growth. 

The lawn and garden market is highly concentrated with most products sold to consumers through a number of distribution channels, 

including home centers, mass merchants, independent nurseries and hardware stores. Home and garden centers and mass merchants 
typically carry multiple premium and value brands. Due to the rapid expansion and consolidation of mass merchants and home and garden 
centers, the concentration of purchasing power for the lawn and garden category has increased dramatically. We expect the growth of home 
and garden centers, such as Home Depot and Lowe’s, and mass merchants, such as Walmart, to continue to concentrate industry sales.  We 
estimate the retail sales of the lawn and garden supplies and live plant industry in 2018, in the categories in which we participate, to be 
approximately $16.3 billion.

Proprietary Branded Lawn and Garden Products

Our principal lawn and garden product lines are grass seed, wild bird feed, insect control products, lawn and garden care products, 
including fertilizers, decorative outdoor patio products, live plants and outdoor cushions and pillows. Our Pennington® brand is one of the 
largest in grass seed, pottery and wild bird feed, and our Amdro® brand is a leading portfolio of control products.

Grass Seed. We are a leading marketer, producer and distributor of numerous varieties and mixtures of cool and warm season grass 
for both the residential and professional markets, as well as forage and wildlife seed mixtures. We sell these products under the Pennington 
Seed, Pennington, Penkoted®, Max-Q®, ProSelectTM, Tournament Quality CM, MasterTurf®, Rackmaster®, The Rebels and Smart Seed® 
brand names. We also produce numerous private label brands of grass seed. The Pennington grass seed manufacturing facilities are some 
of the largest and most modern seed coating and conditioning facilities in the industry. 

Wild Bird Products. We are the leading marketer, producer and distributor of wild bird feed, bird feeders, bird houses and other birding 
accessories in the United States. These products are sold primarily under the Pennington brand name.  Many of our branded Pennington wild 
bird mixes are treated with a proprietary blend of vitamins and minerals.  An example is our Pennington brand mixes which are enriched with 
Bird-Kote®, our exclusive process which literally seals each seed with a nutritious coating containing vitamins and minerals that are beneficial 
to the health of wild birds. 

Fertilizers and Controls. We are a leading marketer, producer and distributor of lawn and garden weed, moss, insect and pest control 
products and soil supplements and stimulants. We sell these products under the AMDRO, Lilly Miller, Moss Out®, Corry’s®, IMAGE®, Sevin®, 
Over-N-Out®, Rootboost®, and Knockout® brand names, as well as private label for Walmart and Lowe's. We manufacture several lines of 

8

lawn and garden fertilizers and soil supplements, in granular and liquid form, under the Pennington, Alaska Fish Fertilizer®, Pro Care, and 
Ironite® brand names and other private and controlled labels. 

Decor. We are a leading marketer and distributor of terra cotta pottery products in the United States sold under the Pennington name. 
Additionally, Arden Companies™, which we fully acquired in February 2019, is a leading manufacturer and marketer of outdoor cushions and 
pillows in the United States.   These products are sold as private label through the largest big box stores, as signature products though major 
retail stores and online, and as branded outdoor fabrics.

Live Plants.  We are the primary supplier of flowers and plants to Home Depot in the mid-Atlantic region.  These plants and flowers are 

sold by Bell Nursery, which we acquired in March 2018.

Garden Sales Network

Our sales and logistics network exists primarily to promote our proprietary brands and provides us with key access to retail stores for 

our branded products, acquisition and maintenance of premium shelf placement, prompt product replenishment, customization of retailer 
programs, quick responses to changing customer and retailer preferences, rapid deployment and feedback for new products, immediate 
exposure for acquired brands and comprehensive and strategic information. The network also sells other manufacturers’ brands of lawn and 
garden supplies and combines these products with our branded products into single shipments enabling approximately 4,000 customers to 
deal with us on a cost-effective basis to meet their lawn and garden supplies requirements.

Garden Sales and Marketing

The marketing strategy for our premium products is focused on meeting consumer needs through product performance, innovation, 
quality, upscale packaging and retail shelf placement. The marketing strategy for our value products is focused on promotion of the quality 
and efficacy of our value brands at a lower cost relative to premium brands. Our customers include retailers, such as mass merchants, home 
improvement centers, independent lawn and garden nurseries, drug and grocery stores, and professional end users. Sales to Walmart 
represented approximately 28%, 29% and 31%, sales to Lowe’s represented approximately 22%, 21% and 21%, and sales to Home Depot 
represented approximately 29%, 27% and 20% of our Garden segment’s net sales in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

To maximize our product placement and visibility in retail stores, we market our products through the following four complementary 

strategies:

• 

• 

• 

• 

dedicated sales forces represent our combined brand groups;

retail sales and logistics network, which provides in-store training and merchandising for our customers, especially during 
the prime spring and summer seasons;

dedicated account-managers and sales teams located near and dedicated to serve several of our largest customers; and

selected independent distributors who sell our brands.

Garden Competition

The lawn and garden products industry is highly competitive. Our lawn and garden products compete against national and regional 

products and private label products produced by various suppliers. Our turf and forage grass seed products, fertilizers, pesticides and 
combination products compete principally against products marketed by The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company (“Scotts”). In addition, Spectrum 
Brands is a strong competitor in yard and household insecticides. Our Garden segment competes primarily on the basis of its strong premium 
and value brands, quality, service, price and low-cost manufacturing. Our Garden segment’s sales and logistics operations also compete with 
a large number of distributors, with competition based on price and service.

Manufacturing

We manufacture the majority of our branded products in 42 manufacturing facilities, located primarily in the United States. In addition, 
certain of our proprietary branded products are manufactured by contract manufacturers. This includes an exclusive arrangement with a third 
party to manufacture one of our registered active ingredients, (S) Methoprene.

Purchasing

We purchase most of our raw materials from a number of different suppliers. We purchase one of the raw materials used to 

manufacture (S) Methoprene from a single source of supply. We maintain an inventory of this raw material (in addition to our (S) Methoprene 
inventory) to reduce the possibility of interruption in the availability of (S) Methoprene, since a prolonged delay in obtaining (S) Methoprene 
or this raw material could result in a temporary delay in product shipments and have an adverse effect on our Pet segment’s financial results.

9

 
The key ingredients in our fertilizer and insect and weed control products are commodity and specialty chemicals, including urea, 

potash, phosphates, herbicides, insecticides and fungicides.

The principal raw materials required for our wild bird feed operations are bulk commodity grains, including millet, milo and sunflower 

seeds, which are generally purchased from large national commodity companies and local grain cooperatives. In order to ensure an 
adequate supply of grains and seed to satisfy expected production volume, we enter into contracts to purchase a portion of our expected 
grain and seed requirements at future dates by fixing the quantity, and often the price, at the commitment date. Although we have never 
experienced a severe interruption of supply, we are exposed to price risk with respect to the portion of our supply which is not covered by 
contracts with a fixed price.

Logistics Network

Our distribution network consists of 56 facilities strategically placed across the United States, one facility in the United Kingdom, one 

facility in Canada and two facilities in China to allow us to service both our mass market customers as well as our independent specialty retail 
stores for our branded products. This network also supports distribution of many other manufacturers’ brands and combines these products 
with our branded products into single shipments, enabling us to serve our customers in an effective and cost-efficient manner.

Significant Customers

Walmart, our largest customer, represented approximately 16% of our total company net sales in each of the fiscal years 2019, 2018 
and 2017.  Home Depot, our second largest customer, represented approximately 12%, 11% and 8% of our total company net sales in fiscal 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Lowe's, Costco and PetSmart are also significant customers, and together with Walmart and Home 
Depot, accounted for approximately 49% of our net sales in fiscal 2019, 48% in fiscal 2018 and 44% in fiscal 2017. 

Patents and Other Proprietary Rights

Our branded products companies hold numerous patents in the United States and in other countries and have several patent 

applications pending. We consider the development of patents through creative research and the maintenance of an active patent program to 
be advantageous to our business, but do not regard any particular patent as essential to our operations.

In addition to patents, we have numerous active ingredient registrations, end-use product registrations and trade secrets. The success 
of certain portions of our business, especially our animal health operations, partly depends on our ability to continue to maintain trade secret 
information which has been licensed to us, and to keep trade secret information confidential.

Along with patents, active ingredient registrations, end use product registrations and trade secrets, we own a number of trademarks, 

service marks, trade names and logotypes. Many of our trademarks are registered but some are not. We are not aware of any reason we 
cannot continue to use our trademarks, service marks and trade names in the way that we have been using them.

Employees

As of September 28, 2019, we had approximately 5,800 employees, of whom approximately 5,300 were full-time employees and 500 
were temporary or part-time employees. We also hire substantial numbers of additional temporary employees for the peak lawn and garden 
shipping season of February through June to meet the increased demand experienced during the spring and summer months. The majority 
of our temporary employees are paid on an hourly basis. Except for approximately 60 employees at a facility in Puebla, Mexico, none of our 
employees are represented by a labor union. We consider our relationships with our employees to be good.

Environmental and Regulatory Considerations

Many of the products that we manufacture or distribute are subject to local, state, federal and foreign laws and regulations relating to 

environmental matters. Such regulations are often complex and are subject to change. In the United States, all pesticides must be registered 
with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”), in addition to individual state and/or foreign agency registrations, before 
they can be sold. Fertilizer products are also subject to state Department of Agriculture registration and foreign labeling regulations. Grass 
seed is also subject to state, federal and foreign labeling regulations.

The Food Quality Protection Act ("FQPA") establishes a standard for food-use pesticides, which is a reasonable certainty that no harm 

will result from the cumulative effect of pesticide exposures. Under this Act, the EPA is evaluating the cumulative risks from dietary and non-
dietary exposures to pesticides. The pesticides in our products, which are also used on foods, will be evaluated by the EPA as part of this 
non-dietary exposure risk assessment.

In addition, the use of certain pesticide and fertilizer products is regulated by various local, state, federal and foreign environmental 
and public health agencies. These regulations may include requirements that only certified or professional users apply the product or that 

10

certain products be used only on certain types of locations (such as “not for use on sod farms or golf courses”), may require users to post 
notices on properties to which products have been or will be applied, may require notification of individuals in the vicinity that products will be 
applied in the future or may ban the use of certain ingredients. We believe we are operating in substantial compliance with, or taking action 
aimed at ensuring compliance with, these laws and regulations.

Various federal, state and local laws, including the federal Food Safety Modernization Act (“FSMA”), also regulate pet food products 

and give regulatory authorities the power to recall or require re-labeling of products.  Several new FSMA regulations became effective in 
recent years.   We believe we are in substantial compliance with all currently effective requirements and are taking steps to ensure that we 
are in compliance with all regulatory requirements going forward.

Various local, state, federal and foreign environmental laws also impose obligations on various entities to clean up contaminated 

properties or to pay for the cost of such remediation, often upon parties that did not actually cause the contamination. Accordingly, we may 
become liable, either contractually or by operation of law, for remediation costs even if the contaminated property is not presently owned or 
operated by us, or if the contamination was caused by third parties during or prior to our ownership or operation of the property. With our 
extensive acquisition history, we have acquired a number of manufacturing and distribution facilities, and most of these facilities have not 
been subjected to Phase II environmental tests to determine whether they are contaminated.

Environmental regulations may affect us by restricting the manufacturing or use of our products or regulating their disposal. Regulatory 
or legislative changes may cause future increases in our operating costs or otherwise affect operations. Although we believe we are and have 
been in substantial compliance with such regulations and have strict internal guidelines on the handling and disposal of our products, there is 
no assurance that in the future we may not be adversely affected by such regulations or incur increased operating costs in complying with 
such regulations. However, neither the compliance with regulatory requirements nor our environmental procedures can ensure that we will 
not be subject to claims for personal injury, property damages or governmental enforcement.

Information About Our Executive Officers

The following table sets forth the name, age and position of our executive officers as of November 26, 2019.

Name
William E. Brown

Timothy P. Cofer

Nicholas Lahanas

William Lynch

Kay M. Schwichtenberg

George Yuhas

Age

Position
78 Chairman
51 Chief Executive Officer
51 Chief Financial Officer
59 Senior Vice President of Operations
66 Executive Vice President
67 General Counsel and Secretary

William E. Brown. Mr. Brown has been our Chairman from 1980 to 2018 and 2019 to current.  From 1980 to June 2003 and from 
October 2007 to February 2013, Mr. Brown served as our Chief Executive Officer.  From 1977 to 1980, Mr. Brown was Senior Vice President 
of the Vivitar Corporation with responsibility for Finance, Operations and Research & Development.  From 1972 to 1977, he was with 
McKesson Corporation where he was responsible for its 200-site data processing organization.  Prior to joining McKesson Corporation, Mr. 
Brown spent the first 10 years of his business career at McCormick, Inc. in manufacturing, engineering and data processing.

Timothy P. Cofer. Mr. Cofer became our Chief Executive Officer in October 2019. Mr. Cofer is a 30-year veteran of the Consumer 

Products industry.  Most recently, from 2016 to 2019 Mr. Cofer served as Executive Vice President and Chief Growth Officer of Mondelez 
International.  Previously Mr. Cofer served as Executive Vice President and President of Asia Pacific, Eastern Europe, Middle East & Africa of 
Mondelez.   Prior to that, Mr. Cofer served in senior-level operating roles at Kraft Foods, Inc., including Executive Vice President and 
President of European Region, President Oscar Mayer Foods and President Kraft Pizza Company.

Nicholas "Niko" Lahanas.  Mr. Lahanas became our Chief Financial Officer in May 2017. Mr. Lahanas served as Senior Vice President 
of Finance and Chief Financial Officer of our Pet segment from April 2014 to May 2017 and, Vice President of Corporate Financial Planning & 
Analysis from October 2011 to March 2014.  Mr. Lahanas was the Director of Business Performance from March 2008 to October 2011, 
where his primary focus was on business unit profitability, and was a Finance Manager from October 2006 to March 2008 in our Garden 
segment. Prior to joining Central, Mr. Lahanas worked in private equity and investment banking.

William Lynch.  Mr. Lynch became our Senior Vice President of Operations 2016 and serves as the Company’s top operations leader 

with oversight for IT, Safety and Sales & Operations Planning. Prior to joining Central in 2016, Mr. Lynch served as Sr. Vice President – 
Global Operations for Moen, Inc.  Mr. Lynch spent over 30 years at The Clorox Company in numerous management positions, the last of 
which was Vice President Product Supply Global Operations. 

11

Kay M. Schwichtenberg.  Ms. Schwichtenberg became our Executive Vice President, Animal & Public Health in April 2014.  Prior to 
becoming Executive Vice President, she held several positions for Central including Special Projects Advisor, President & CEO of Central 
Life Sciences and President of Wellmark International.  Ms. Schwichtenberg joined Central in our acquisition of the Consumer and Animal 
Health Division from Sandoz Agro, Inc., a worldwide leader in pharmaceuticals where she was the Vice President and General Manager.  
She also served in a variety of sales and marketing capacities for Brunswick Corporation, and Market Facts, Inc.

George Yuhas. Mr. Yuhas has been our General Counsel since March 2011 and our Secretary since September 2015. From 1984 to 

March 2011, he was a partner specializing in litigation at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP. 

Available Information

Our web site is www.central.com. We make available free of charge, on or through our website, our annual, quarterly and current 
reports, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing or furnishing such reports with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained on our web site is not part of this report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from 

those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of factors both in and out of our control, including the risks faced by us 
described below and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

You should carefully consider the risks described below. In addition, the risks described below are not the only ones facing us. We 

have only described the risks we consider to be material. However, there may be additional risks that are viewed by us as not material at the 
present time or are not presently known to us. Conditions could change in the future, or new information may come to our attention that could 
impact our assessment of these risks.

If any of the events described below were to occur, our business, prospects, financial condition and/or results of operations could be 

materially adversely affected. When we say below that something could or will have a material adverse effect on us, we mean that it could or 
will have one or more of these effects. In any such case, the price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your 
investment in our company.

Our operating results and cash flow are susceptible to fluctuations.

We expect to continue to experience variability in our net sales, net income and cash flow on a quarterly basis. Factors that may 

contribute to this variability include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

seasonality and adverse weather conditions;

fluctuations in prices of commodity grains and other input costs;

operational problems;

shifts in demand for lawn and garden and pet products;

changes in product mix, service levels, marketing and pricing by us and our competitors;

the effect of acquisitions; and

economic stability of and strength of our relationships with key retailers.

These fluctuations could negatively impact our business and the market price of our common stock.

Seeds and grains we use to produce bird feed and grass seed are commodity products subject to price 
volatility that has had, and could have, a negative impact on us.

Our financial results are partially dependent upon the cost of raw materials and our ability to pass along increases in these costs to our 
customers. In particular, our Pennington and Kaytee businesses are exposed to fluctuations in market prices for commodity seeds and grains 
used to produce bird feed. Historically, market prices for commodity seeds and grains have fluctuated in response to a number of factors, 

12

including changes in United States government farm support programs, changes in international agricultural and trading policies and weather 
conditions during the growing and harvesting seasons.

To mitigate our exposure to changes in market prices, we enter into purchase contracts for grains, bird feed and grass seed to cover a 

limited portion of our purchase requirements for a selling season. Since these contracts cover only a portion of our purchase requirements, 
as market prices for such products increase, our cost of production increases as well. In contrast, if market prices for such products 
decrease, we may end up purchasing grains and seeds pursuant to the purchase contracts at prices above market.

We took certain pricing actions in fiscal 2019 and 2018 to offset the impact of inflationary pressures.  Although we have been able to 
negotiate some price increases in the past with our retailers, it is possible that price increases may not fully offset rising costs in the future, 
resulting in margin erosion. We can provide no assurance as to the timing or extent of our ability to implement additional price adjustments in 
the event of increased costs in the future, or our ability to maintain pricing with our retailers in the context of declining costs. We also cannot 
predict to what extent price increases may negatively affect our sales volume. As retailers pass along price increases, consumers may shift 
to our lower margin bird feed, switch to competing products or reduce purchases of wild bird feed products.

Our success depends upon our retaining and recruiting key personnel.

Our performance is substantially dependent upon the continued services of Timothy P. Cofer, our new Chief Executive Officer, and our 

senior management team. The loss of the services of these persons could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our future 
performance depends on our ability to attract and retain skilled employees. We cannot assure you that we will be able to retain our existing 
personnel or attract additional qualified employees in the future.

We are subject to significant risks associated with innovation, including the risk that our new product 
innovations will not produce sufficient sales to recoup our investment.

We believe that our future success will depend upon, in part, our ability to continue to improve our existing products through product 

innovation and to develop, market and produce new products. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in the introduction, marketing 
and production of any new products or product innovations, or that we will develop and introduce in a timely manner, improvements to our 
existing products which satisfy customer needs or achieve market acceptance. Our failure to develop new products or improved formulations 
and introduce them successfully and in a timely manner could harm our ability to grow our business and could have a material adverse effect 
on our business, results of operations and financial condition.  We launched a new formulation for our Comfort Zone behavioral management 
product that did not perform as expected.  Consequently, we faced additional costs to fix the issue and lost market share.

We believe that the period of time to gain consumer acceptance of major innovations is longer in the garden industry than in many 

industries, which compounds the risks generally associated with major new product innovations.

A decline in consumers’ discretionary spending or a change in consumer preferences could reduce our sales 
and harm our business.

Our sales ultimately depend on consumer discretionary spending, which is influenced by factors beyond our control, including general 

economic conditions, the availability of discretionary income and credit, weather, consumer confidence and unemployment levels. Any 
material decline in the amount of consumer discretionary spending could reduce our sales and harm our business. These economic and 
market conditions, may also place a number of our key retail customers under financial stress, which would increase our credit risk and 
potential bad debt exposure.

The success of our business also depends in part on our ability to identify and respond to evolving trends in demographics and 
consumer preferences. Our failure to timely identify or effectively respond to changing consumer tastes, preferences, spending patterns and 
lawn and garden and pet care needs could adversely affect the demand for our products and our profitability.

Inflation, deflation, economic uncertainty and other adverse macro-economic conditions may harm our 
business.

Our revenues and margins are dependent on various economic factors, including rates of inflation or deflation, energy costs, 
consumer attitudes toward discretionary spending, currency fluctuations, and other macro-economic factors which may impact consumer 
spending. If we are unable to pass through rising input costs and raise the price of our products, or consumer confidence weakens, we may 
experience gross margin declines.

13

Supply disruptions in pet birds, small animals and fish may negatively impact our sales.

The federal government and many state governments have increased restrictions on the importation of pet birds and the supply of 
small animals. These restrictions have resulted in reduced availability of new pet birds and animals and thus reduced demand for pet bird 
and small animal food and supplies. If these restrictions become more severe, or similar restrictions become applicable to live pet fish, our 
future sales of these products would likely suffer, which would negatively impact our profitability. In addition, some countries have 
experienced outbreaks of avian flu. While the number of cases worldwide has declined, a significant outbreak in the United States would 
reduce demand for our pet and wild bird food and negatively impact our financial results.

Our Segrest subsidiary is the largest supplier of aquarium fish in the United States and also supplies pet birds and small animals.  The 

sale of fish, pet birds and small animals subjects us to additional risk, including risks associated with sourcing, developing captive breeding 
programs, health of the fish, pet birds and small animals supplied by us and future governmental regulation of the sale of fish, pet birds and 
small animals.

Our lawn and garden sales are highly seasonal and subject to adverse weather.

Because our lawn and garden products are used primarily in the spring and summer, the Garden business is seasonal. In fiscal 2019, 

approximately 69% of our Garden segment’s net sales and 58% of our total net sales occurred during our second and third fiscal quarters. 
Substantially all of the Garden segment’s operating income is generated in this period. Our working capital needs and our borrowings 
generally peak in our second fiscal quarter, because we are generating lower revenues while incurring expenses in preparation for the spring 
selling season. If cash on hand and borrowings under our credit facility are ever insufficient to meet our seasonal needs or if cash flow 
generated during the spring and summer is insufficient to repay our borrowings on a timely basis, this seasonality could have a material 
adverse effect on our business.

Because demand for lawn and garden products is significantly influenced by weather, particularly weekend weather during the peak 

gardening season, our results of operations and cash flow could also be adversely affected by certain weather patterns such as 
unseasonably cool or warm temperatures, heavy rains, water shortages or floods.

Rising energy prices could adversely affect our operating results.

At various times in the past, energy prices have increased substantially, which resulted in increased fuel costs for our businesses and 
increased raw materials costs for many of our branded products. Rising energy prices in the future could adversely affect consumer spending 
and demand for our products and increase our operating costs, both of which would reduce our sales and operating income.

We depend on a few customers for a significant portion of our business.

Walmart, our largest customer, represented approximately 16% of our total company net sales in each of the fiscal years 2019, 2018 
and 2017.  Home Depot, our second largest customer, represented approximately 12%, 11% and 8% of our total company net sales in fiscal 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Lowe's, Costco, and PetSmart are also significant customers, and together with Walmart and Home 
Depot, accounted for approximately 49% of our net sales in fiscal 2019, 48% in fiscal 2018 and 44% in fiscal 2017.  The market shares of 
many of these key retailers have increased and may continue to increase in future years.

The loss of, or significant adverse change in, our relationship with any of these key retailers could cause our net sales, operating 

income and cash flow to decline. The loss of, or reduction in, orders from any significant customer, losses arising from customer disputes 
regarding shipments, fees, merchandise condition or related matters, or our inability to collect accounts receivable from any major customer 
could reduce our operating income and cash flow.

Tariffs or a global trade war could increase the cost of our products, which could adversely impact the 
competitiveness of our products and our financial results.

Since July 2018, the United States has imposed a series of tariffs, ranging from 5% to 25%, on a variety of imports from China and 
subsequently implemented tariffs on additional goods imported from China.  Approximately 10% of the products that we sell in the United 
States are manufactured in China.  If the United States continues the China tariffs, or if additional tariffs or trade restrictions are implemented 
by the United States or other countries in connection with a global trade war, the cost of our products manufactured in China, or other 
countries, and imported into the United States or other countries could increase, which in turn could adversely affect the demand for these 
products and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

14

We may be adversely affected by trends in the retail industry.

With the growing trend towards retail trade consolidation, we are increasingly dependent upon key retailers whose leverage is 
growing.  Our business may be negatively affected by changes in the policies of our key retailers, such as inventory destocking, limitations on 
access to shelf space, price demands and other conditions.  In addition, retailers continue to more closely manage inventory levels and make 
purchases on a “just-in-time” basis.  This requires us to shorten our lead time for production in certain cases and to more closely anticipate 
demand, which could in the future require the carrying of additional inventories and an increase in our working capital and related financing 
requirements.  This shift to “just-in-time” can also cause retailers to delay purchase orders, which can cause a shift in sales from quarter to 
quarter.  Decisions to move in or out of a market category by leading retailers, such as Walmart's decision to exit the live fish business in 
2019, can also have a significant impact on our business.  Additionally, some retailers are increasing their emphasis on private label 
products.  While we view private label as an opportunity and supply many private label products to retailers, we could lose sales in the event 
that key retailers replace our branded products with private label product manufactured by others.

We sell our products through a variety of trade channels with a significant portion dependent upon key retailers, through both 

traditional brick-and-mortar retail channels and e-commerce channels, including Amazon.  The e-commerce channel continues to grow 
rapidly.  To the extent that the key retailers on which we depend lose share to the e-commerce channel, we could lose sales.  We plan to 
make additional investments to access this channel more effectively, and there can be no assurances that any such investments will be 
successful.  If we are not successful in developing and utilizing e-commerce channels that consumers may prefer, we may experience lower 
than expected revenues.

A significant deterioration in the financial condition of one of our major customers could have a material adverse effect on our sales, 

profitability and cash flow. We continually monitor and evaluate the credit status of our customers and attempt to adjust sales terms as 
appropriate. Despite these efforts, a bankruptcy filing or liquidation by a key customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
results of operations and financial condition in the future.

Issues with products may lead to product liability, personal injury or property damage claims, recalls, 
withdrawals, replacements of products, regulatory actions by governmental authorities that could divert 
resources, affect business operations, decrease sales, increase costs, and put us at a competitive 
disadvantage, any of which could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations and financial 
condition.

We have experienced, and may in the future experience, issues with products that may lead to product liability, recalls, withdrawals, 

replacements of products, or regulatory actions by governmental authorities. Product recalls or other governmental regulatory action directed 
at product sales could result in increased governmental scrutiny, reputational harm, reduced demand by consumers for our products, 
decreased willingness by retailer customers to purchase or provide marketing support for those products, unavailability or increased cost of 
insurance, or additional safety and testing requirements. Such results could divert development and management resources, adversely affect 
our business operations, decrease sales, increase legal fees and other costs, and put us at a competitive disadvantage compared to other 
manufacturers not affected by similar issues with products, any of which could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations 
and financial condition.

Competition in our industries may hinder our ability to execute our business strategy, increase our 
profitability or maintain relationships with existing customers.

We operate in highly competitive industries, which have experienced increased consolidation in recent years. We compete against 
numerous other companies, some of which are more established in their industries and have substantially greater revenue and resources 
than we do. Our products compete against national and regional products and private label products produced by various suppliers. Our 
largest competitors in the Pet segment are Spectrum Brands and Hartz Mountain, and our largest competitors in the Garden segment are 
Scotts and Spectrum Brands.

To compete effectively, among other things, we must:

• 

• 

• 

• 

develop and grow brands with leading market positions;

maintain or grow market share;

maintain and expand our relationships with key retailers;

effectively access the growing e-commerce channel;

15

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

continually develop innovative new products that appeal to consumers;

implement effective marketing and sales promotion programs;

maintain strict quality standards;

deliver products on a reliable basis at competitive prices; and

effectively integrate acquired companies.

Competition could lead to lower sales volumes, price reductions, reduced profits, losses, or loss of market share. Our inability to 

compete effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our acquisition strategy involves a number of risks.

We are regularly engaged in acquisition discussions with other companies and anticipate that one or more potential acquisition 
opportunities, including those that would be material or could involve businesses with operating characteristics that differ from our existing 
business operations, may become available in the near future. If and when appropriate acquisition opportunities become available, we intend 
to pursue them actively. Acquisitions involve a number of special risks, including:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

failure of the acquired business to achieve expected results, as well as the potential impairment of the acquired assets if 
operating results decline after acquisition;

diversion of management’s attention;

additional financing, if necessary and available, which could increase leverage and costs, dilute equity, or both;

the potential negative effect on our financial statements from the increase in goodwill and other intangibles;

difficulties in integrating the operations, systems, technologies, products and personnel of acquired companies;

initial dependence on unfamiliar supply chains or relatively small supply partners;

the potential loss of key employees, customers, distributors, vendors and other business partners of the companies we 
acquire after the acquisition;

the high cost and expenses of identifying, negotiating and completing acquisitions; and

risks associated with unanticipated events or liabilities.

These risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We have faced, and expect to continue to face, intense competition for acquisition candidates, which may limit our ability to make 

acquisitions and may lead to higher acquisition prices. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify, acquire or manage profitably 
additional businesses or to integrate successfully any acquired businesses into our existing business without substantial costs, delays or 
other operational or financial difficulties. In future acquisitions, we also could incur additional indebtedness or pay consideration in excess of 
fair value, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets or other long-term assets become impaired, we will be 
required to record impairment charges, which may be significant.

A significant portion of our long-term assets consists of goodwill and other intangible assets recorded as a result of past acquisitions. 

We do not amortize goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, but rather review them for impairment on a periodic basis or whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We consider whether circumstances or 
conditions exist which suggest that the carrying value of our goodwill and other long-lived intangible assets might be impaired. If such 
circumstances or conditions exist, further steps are required to determine whether the carrying value of each of the individual assets exceeds 
its fair value. If analysis indicates that an individual asset’s carrying value does exceed its fair value, we would record a loss equal to the 
excess of the individual asset’s carrying value over its fair value.

16

The steps required by GAAP entail significant amounts of judgment and subjectivity. Events and changes in circumstances that may 

indicate that there may be an impairment and that interim impairment testing is necessary include, but are not limited to: competitive 
conditions; the impact of the economic environment on our customer base and on broad market conditions that drive valuation considerations 
by market participants; our internal expectations with regard to future revenue growth and the assumptions we make when performing 
impairment reviews; a significant decrease in the market value of our assets; a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which 
our assets are used; a significant adverse change in the business climate that could affect our assets; and significant changes in the cash 
flows associated with an asset. As a result of such circumstances, we may be required to record a significant charge to earnings in our 
financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets or other long-term assets is 
determined. Any such impairment charges could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

During fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, we performed evaluations of the fair value of our indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks. Our 

expected revenues were based on our future operating plan and market growth or decline estimates for future years.  As a result of one of 
our retail customers exiting the live fish business, factors indicating the carrying value of certain amortizable intangible assets may not be 
recoverable were present during fiscal 2019.  We performed impairment testing on these assets, found the carrying value was not 
recoverable, and accordingly, recorded an impairment charge in our Pet segment of approximately $2.5 million as part of selling, general and 
administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019.  There were no 
impairment losses recorded in fiscal years 2018 or 2017.

Most of our goodwill is associated with our Pet segment. In connection with our annual goodwill impairment testing performed during 

fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, we made a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to determine whether it was 
necessary to calculate the fair values of its reporting units under the two-step goodwill impairment test.  We completed our qualitative 
assessment of potential goodwill impairment and it was determined that it was more likely than not the fair values of our reporting units were 
greater than their carrying amounts, and accordingly, no further testing of goodwill was required.

We continue to implement an enterprise resource planning information technology system.

In fiscal 2005, we began incurring costs associated with designing and implementing SAP, a company-wide enterprise resource 
planning (ERP) software system with the objective of gradually migrating to the new system. This new system replaces numerous accounting 
and financial reporting systems, most of which were obtained in connection with business acquisitions. To date, we have reduced the number 
of ERP systems from 39 to 10. Capital expenditures for our enterprise resource planning software system for fiscal 2020 and beyond will 
depend upon the pace of conversion for those remaining legacy systems. If the balance of the implementation is not executed successfully, 
we could experience business interruptions. If we do not complete the implementation of the project timely and successfully, we may 
experience, among other things, additional costs associated with completing this project and a delay in our ability to improve existing 
operations, support future growth and take advantage of new applications and technologies. All of this may also result in distraction of 
management, diverting their attention from our operations and strategy.

Our inability to protect our trademarks and any other proprietary rights may have a significant, negative 
impact on our business.

We consider our trademarks to be of significant importance in our business. Although we devote resources to the establishment and 

protection of our trademarks, we cannot assure you that the actions we have taken or will take in the future will be adequate to prevent 
violation of our trademarks and proprietary rights by others or prevent others from seeking to block sales of our products as an alleged 
violation of their trademarks and proprietary rights. There can be no assurance that future litigation will not be necessary to enforce our 
trademarks or proprietary rights or to defend ourselves against claimed infringement or the rights of others. Any future litigation of this type 
could result in adverse determinations that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. 
Our inability to use our trademarks and other proprietary rights could also harm our business and sales through reduced demand for our 
products and reduced revenues.

Some of the products that we manufacture and distribute require governmental permits and also subject us 
to potential environmental liabilities.

Some of the products that we manufacture and distribute are subject to regulation by federal, state, foreign and local authorities. 

Environmental health and safety laws and regulations are often complex and are subject to change. Environmental health and safety laws 
and regulations may affect us by restricting the manufacture, sale or use of our products or regulating their disposal. Regulatory or legislative 
changes may cause future increases in our operating costs or otherwise affect operations. There is no assurance that in the future we may 
not be adversely affected by such laws or regulations, incur increased operating costs in complying with such regulations or not be subject to 
claims for personal injury, property damages or governmental enforcement. In addition, due to the nature of our operations and the frequently 
changing nature of environmental compliance standards and technology, we cannot predict with any certainty that future material capital 
expenditures will not be required.

17

In addition to operational standards, environmental laws also impose obligations on various entities to clean up contaminated 
properties or to pay for the cost of such remediation, often upon parties that did not actually cause the contamination. Accordingly, we may 
become liable, either contractually or by operation of law, for remediation costs even if the contaminated property is not presently owned or 
operated by us, or if the contamination was caused by third parties during or prior to our ownership or operation of the property. With our 
extensive acquisition history, we have acquired a number of manufacturing and distribution facilities. Given the nature of the past operations 
conducted by us and others at these properties, there can be no assurance that all potential instances of soil or groundwater contamination 
have been identified, even for those properties where an environmental site assessment has been conducted. Future events, such as 
changes in existing laws or policies or their enforcement, or the discovery of currently unknown contamination, may give rise to future 
remediation liabilities that may be material.

Our business is dependent upon our ability to continue to source products from China.

We outsource a significant amount of our manufacturing requirements to third party manufacturers located in China. This international 
sourcing subjects us to a number of risks, including: the impact on sourcing or manufacturing public health and contamination risks in China; 
quality control issues; social and political disturbances and instability; export duties, import controls, tariffs, quotas and other trade barriers; 
shipping and transportation problems; and fluctuations in currency values.  These risks may be heightened by recent changes in the United 
States government's trade policies, including the imposition of tariffs on goods imported from China. Because we rely on Chinese third party 
manufacturers for a significant portion of our product needs, any disruption in our relationships with these manufacturers could adversely 
affect our operations.

The products that we manufacture and distribute could expose us to product liability claims.

Our business exposes us to potential product liability risks in the manufacture and distribution of certain of our products. Although we 

generally seek to insure against such risks, there can be no assurance that coverage will be adequate or that we will be able to maintain 
such insurance on acceptable terms. A successful product liability claim in excess of our insurance coverage could have a material adverse 
effect on us and could prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially reasonable terms.

We have pending litigation which could adversely impact our operating results.

We are a party to litigation alleging that the applicator developed and used by us for certain of our branded topical flea and tick 

products infringes a patent held by Nite Glow Industries, Inc. and claims for breach of contract and misappropriation of confidential 
information.  On June 27, 2018, a jury returned a verdict in favor of Nite Glow and awarded damages of approximately $12.6 million.  Unless 
the verdicts are over-turned in post-trial proceedings, we intend to vigorously pursue our rights on appeal.  However, the outcome of litigation 
is inherently uncertain.  Regardless of the ultimate outcome, we could incur significant legal expenses pursuing an appeal and could 
experience the diversion of time by our management team.  If we are unsuccessful in post-trial proceedings or on appeal, our operating 
results could be adversely affected.

Deterioration in operating results could prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under the terms of our 
indebtedness or impact our ability to refinance our debt on favorable terms as it matures.

We have, and we will continue to have, significant indebtedness. As of September 28, 2019, we had total indebtedness of 

approximately $700 million.  This level of indebtedness and our future borrowing needs could have material adverse consequences for our 
business, including:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the terms of our indebtedness;

require us to dedicate a large portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness, which would 
reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other business 
activities;

increase our vulnerability to adverse industry conditions, including unfavorable weather conditions or commodity price 
increases;

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we operate;

restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or exploiting business opportunities;

place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that have less debt; and

limit our ability to borrow additional funds at reasonable rates, if at all.

18

In addition, since a portion of our debt commitments bear interest at variable rates, an increase in interest rates or interest rate 

margins as defined under our credit agreement will create higher debt service requirements, which would adversely affect our cash flow.

We are subject to cyber security risks and may incur increasing costs in an effort to minimize those risks.

Our business employs systems and websites that allow for the secure storage and transmission of proprietary or confidential 
information regarding our customers, employees, suppliers and others, including personal identification information. Security breaches could 
expose us to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, litigation, and potential liability. We may not have the resources or technical 
sophistication to anticipate or prevent rapidly-evolving types of cyber attacks. Attacks may be targeted at us, our customers and suppliers, or 
others who have entrusted us with information. Actual or anticipated attacks may cause us to incur increasing costs, including costs to deploy 
additional personnel and protection technologies, train employees, and engage third party experts and consultants. Advances in computer 
capabilities, new technological discoveries, or other developments may result in the technology used by us to protect transaction or other 
data being breached or compromised. In addition, data and security breaches can also occur as a result of non-technical issues, including 
breach by us or by persons with whom we have commercial relationships that result in the unauthorized release of personal or confidential 
information. Any compromise or breach of our security could result in a violation of applicable privacy and other laws, significant legal and 
financial exposure, and a loss of confidence in our security measures, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and 
our reputation.

We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock or Class A common stock and currently do not intend to do so. 
Provisions of our credit facility and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes restrict our ability to pay cash dividends. Any future 
determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to limitations under applicable law and 
contractual restrictions, and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of 
Directors.

We may issue additional shares of our common stock or Class A common stock that could dilute the value 
and market price of our stock.

We issued shares in 2018 and may decide or be required to issue, including upon the exercise of any outstanding stock options, or in 
connection with any acquisition made by us, additional shares of our common stock or Class A common stock that could dilute the value of 
your common stock or Class A common stock and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock or Class A common stock.

Our founder, through his holdings of our Class B common stock, exercises effective control of the Company, 
which may discourage potential acquisitions of our business and could have an adverse effect on the market 
price of our stock.

Holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to the lesser of ten votes per share or 49% of the total votes cast, and each share of 

Class B common stock is convertible at any time into one share of our common stock. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote 
for each share owned. Holders of our Class A common stock have no voting rights, except as required by Delaware law.

As of September 28, 2019, William E. Brown, our founder, beneficially controlled approximately 56% of the voting power of our capital 
stock. Accordingly, except to the extent that a class vote of the common stock is required by applicable law or our charter, he can effectively 
control all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of our directors, and can exert substantial control over our 
management and policies. The disproportionate voting rights of our common stock and Class B common stock and Mr. Brown’s substantial 
holdings of Class B common stock could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and Class A common stock. Also, 
such disproportionate voting rights and Mr. Brown’s controlling interest may make us a less attractive target for a takeover than we otherwise 
might be, or render more difficult or discourage a merger proposal, tender offer or proxy contest, even if such actions were favored by our 
other stockholders, which could thereby deprive holders of common stock or Class A common stock of an opportunity to sell their shares for a 
“take-over” premium.

19

We have authorized the issuance of shares of common stock, Class A common stock and preferred stock, 
which may discourage potential acquisitions of our business and could have an adverse effect on the market 
price of our common stock and our Class A common stock.

Pursuant to our Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors is authorized to issue up to 
80,000,000 shares of our common stock, 100,000,000 shares of our nonvoting Class A common stock, 3,000,000 shares of our Class B 
common stock and up to 1,000,000 additional shares of preferred stock without seeking the approval or consent of our stockholders, unless 
required by the NASDAQ Global Market. Although the issuance of the additional shares of nonvoting Class A common stock would not dilute 
the voting rights of the existing stockholders, it would have a dilutive effect on the economic interest of currently outstanding shares of 
common stock and Class B common stock similar to the dilutive effect of subsequent issuances of ordinary common stock. The issuance of 
preferred stock could, depending on the rights and privileges designated by the board with respect to any particular series, have a dilutive 
effect on the voting interests of the common stock and Class B common stock and the economic interests of our common stock, Class A 
common stock and Class B common stock. In addition, the disproportionate voting rights of our common stock, Class B common stock and 
Class A common stock, and the ability of the board to issue stock to persons friendly to current management, may make us a less attractive 
target for a takeover than we otherwise might be or render more difficult or discourage a merger proposal, tender offer or proxy contest, even 
if such actions were favored by our common stockholders, which could thereby deprive holders of common stock of an opportunity to sell 
their shares for a “take-over” premium.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

We currently operate 42 manufacturing facilities totaling approximately 5.2 million square feet and 60 sales and logistics facilities 
totaling approximately 5.8 million square feet. Most sales and logistics centers consist of office and warehouse space, and several large bays 
for loading and unloading. Each sales and logistics center provides warehouse, distribution, sales and support functions for its geographic 
area. Our executive offices are located in Walnut Creek, California.

In addition to the manufacturing and sales and logistics facilities, the Garden segment leases approximately 130 acres of land in 

Oregon and Virginia used in its grass seed and live plant operations and owns approximately 415 acres of land in Virginia, North Carolina, 
Maryland and Ohio used in its live plant operations.

We continually review the number, location and size of our manufacturing and sales and logistics facilities and expect to make 
changes over time in order to optimize our manufacturing and distribution footprints. We lease 16 of our manufacturing facilities and 49 of our 
sales and logistics facilities. These leases generally expire between 2020 and 2029. Substantially all of the leases contain renewal provisions 
with automatic rent escalation clauses. The facilities we own are subject to major encumbrances under our principal credit facility. In addition 
to the facilities that are owned, our fixed assets are comprised primarily of machinery and equipment, trucks and warehousing, transportation 
and computer equipment.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

In 2012, Nite Glow Industries, Inc. and its owner, Marni Markel, ("Nite Glow") filed suit in the United States District Court for New 
Jersey against the Company alleging that the applicator developed and used by the Company for certain of its branded topical flea and tick 
products infringes a patent held by Nite Glow and asserted related claims for breach of contract and misappropriation of confidential 
information based on the terms of a Non-Disclosure Agreement.  On June 27, 2018, a jury returned a verdict in favor of Nite Glow on each of 
the three claims and awarded damages of approximately $12.6 million.  The case is currently in the post-trial motion phase of proceedings 
and is expected to proceed to appeal once all such motions have been resolved.  Unless the verdicts are over-turned in the post-trial 
proceedings, the Company intends to vigorously pursue its rights on appeal and believes that it will prevail on the merits.  While the 
Company believes that the ultimate resolution of this matter will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial 
statements, the outcome of litigation is inherently uncertain and the final resolution of this matter may result in expense to the Company in 
excess of management's expectations.

From time to time, we are involved in certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business.  Except as discussed above, we are 
not currently a party to any other legal proceedings that management believes could have a material effect on our financial position or results 
of operations.

20

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

21

PART II

Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters 
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol CENT, and our class A common stock is traded on the 
NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol CENTA. Our Class B stock is not listed on any market and generally cannot be transferred unless 
converted to common stock on a one-for-one basis. 

As of November 15, 2019, there were approximately 83 holders of record of our common stock, approximately 364 holders of record of 

our Class A nonvoting common stock and 5 holders of record of our Class B stock.

Stock Performance Graph

The following graph compares the percentage change of our cumulative total stockholder return on our Common Stock (“CENT”) for 

the period from September 27, 2014 to September 28, 2019 with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Composite (U.S.) Index and the 
Dow Jones Non-Durable Household Products Index, a peer group index consisting of approximately 30 manufacturers and distributors of 
household products.

The comparisons in the graph below are based on historical data and are not indicative of, or intended to forecast, the possible future 

performance of our Common Stock.

Total Return Analysis

9/27/2014

9/26/2015

9/24/2016

9/30/2017

9/29/2018

9/28/2019

Central Garden & Pet Company

NASDAQ Composite

Dow Jones US Nondurable Household Products

100.00

100.00
100.00

329.91

120.44
114.14

505.07

149.17
121.32

468.66

186.71
118.48

384.77

186.28
173.74

213.13

105.06
92.31

22

 
 
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table sets forth the repurchases of any equity securities during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended September 28, 

2019 and the dollar amount of authorized share repurchases remaining under our stock repurchase program.

Period
June 30, 2019 - August 3, 2019
August 4, 2019 - August 31, 2019
September 1, 2019 - September 28, 2019

Total

Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)

Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs (1) (2)

Total Number
of Shares
(or Units)
Purchased

202,908
1,029,631
586,425
1,818,964

(1) (3)

(1) (2) (3)

(2) (3)

$

$

25.57
22.81
26.38
24.27

194,574
1,025,587
585,153
1,805,314

$

$

15,681,000
100,000,000
100,000,000
100,000,000

(4)

(1)  During the third quarter of fiscal 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a $100 million share repurchase program, which authorization 

was fully utilized in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019.  In August 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program 
to purchase up to $100 million of our common stock (the "2019 Repurchase Authorization”).  The 2019 Repurchase Authorization has no 
fixed expiration date and expires when the amount authorized has been used or the Board withdraws its authorization. The repurchase 
of shares may be limited by certain financial covenants in our credit facility that restrict our ability to repurchase our stock.  As of 
September 28, 2019, we had $100 million of authorization remaining under our 2019 Repurchase Authorization.

(2) 

In February 2019, our Board of Directors authorized us to make supplemental stock purchases to minimize dilution resulting from 
issuances under our equity compensation plans (the “Equity Dilution Authorization”). In addition to our regular share repurchase 
program, we are permitted to purchase annually a number of shares equal to the number of shares of restricted stock and stock options 
granted in the prior fiscal year, to the extent not already repurchased, and the current fiscal year.  The Equity Dilution Authorization has 
no fixed expiration date and expires when the Board withdraws its authorization.

(3)  Shares purchased during the period indicated represent withholding of a portion of shares to cover taxes in connection with the vesting 

of restricted stock and do not reduce the dollar value of shares that may be purchased under our stock repurchase plan.

(4)  Excludes 1.2 million shares remaining under our Equity Dilution Authorization as of September 28, 2019.

23

 
 
  
 
Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected statement of operations and balance sheet data as of and for the five fiscal years in the period ended 

September 28, 2019 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The financial data set forth below should be read 
in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto in “Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary 
Data” and “Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere herein.

Statement of Operations Data (1):
Net sales

Cost of goods sold and occupancy

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
expenses

Intangible asset and goodwill
impairments (2)

Operating income

Interest expense, net (3)

Other income (expense) (4)

Income before income taxes and
noncontrolling interest

Income tax expense (5)

Income including noncontrolling interest
Net income (loss) attributable to
noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to Central
Garden & Pet

Net income per share attributable to
Central Garden & Pet:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average shares used in the
computation of income per share:

Basic

Diluted

Other Data:
Depreciation and amortization

Capital expenditures

Cash provided by operating activities
Cash used in investing activities

Cash provided (used) by financing
activities

Fiscal Year Ended

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

September 24,
2016

September 26,
2015

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

$

2,383,010

$

2,215,362

$

2,054,478

$

1,829,017

$

1,678,969

704,041

1,539,986

675,376

1,421,670

632,808

1,275,967

553,050

1,650,737

1,162,685

488,052

551,973

508,040

476,696

421,864

389,345

—

152,068

(33,060)

243

119,251

26,604

—

167,336

(36,051)

(3,860)

127,425

3,305

—

156,112

(28,062)

(1,621)

126,429

46,699

92,647

124,120

79,730

(139)

526

902

1,828

129,358

(42,707)

(17,013)

69,638

24,053

45,585

1,071

7,272

91,435

(39,898)

13

51,550

18,535

33,015

1,044

92,786

$

123,594

$

78,828

$

44,514

$

31,971

1.63

1.61

$

$

2.39

2.32

$

$

1.57

1.52

$

$

0.91

0.87

$

$

0.66

0.64

56,770

57,611

51,716

53,341

50,230

51,820

48,964

51,075

50,828

31,577

204,974

$

$

$

47,199

37,845

114,112

$

$

$

42,719

44,659

114,309

$

$

$

40,001

27,622

151,426

$

$

$

48,562

49,638

33,703

22,030

87,449

(76,263) $

(140,882) $

(162,842) $

(91,195) $

(49,854)

(110,765) $

474,783

$

(10,392) $

(14,165) $

(68,370)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

24

 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year Ended

Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and short term investments
Working capital
Total assets
Total debt (6)
Equity (7)

September 28, 2019

September 29, 2018

September 30, 2017

September 24, 2016

September 26, 2015

(in thousands)

$

$

497,749
1,028,668
2,025,020
693,150
996,177

$

482,106
1,004,334
1,907,209
692,153
952,834

$

32,397
462,849
1,306,906
395,653
637,142

$

92,982
481,077
1,180,683
395,269
554,587

47,584
446,431
1,101,112
396,982
506,380

(1)  Fiscal years 2015, 2016, 2018 and 2019 included 52 weeks. Fiscal year 2017 included 53 weeks.

(2)  During fiscal 2019, we recognized a non-cash charge of $2.5 million related to the impairment of a certain long-lived intangible asset in 
our Pet Segment.  This charge was included as part of selling, general and administrative expenses.  During fiscal 2016, we recognized 
a non-cash charge of $1.8 million related to the impairment of a certain indefinite-lived intangible asset in our Pet segment.  During fiscal 
2015, we recognized a non-cash charge of $7.3 million related to the impairment of certain indefinite-lived intangible assets in our Pet 
segment. 

(3)  During fiscal 2016, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% Senior Notes due November 2023 and incurred 
incremental expenses of $14.3 million, comprised of a call premium payment of $8.3 million, a $2.7 million payment of overlapping 
interest expense for 30 days and a $3.3 million non-cash charge for the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs and discount 
on our 2018 Notes, as a result of the redemption of our 2018 Notes and issuance of our 2023 Notes.

(4)  During fiscal 2016, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $16.6 million related to our investment in two joint ventures as a 

result of changes in marketplace conditions, which impacted expected cash flows and the recoverability of the investment.

(5) 

Income tax expense was impacted by a fiscal 2018 tax benefit of $21.5 million from the revaluation of our deferred tax assets and 
liabilities as a result of the Tax Reform Act .

(6) 

In December 2017, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due February 2028. 

(7)  During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we issued 5,550,000 shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $37.00 per 

share and received net proceeds of approximately $196 million. 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 
Results of Operations

The following is management’s discussion of the financial results, liquidity and other key items related to our performance. This 

discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information 
appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual 
results may differ materially from those indicated in forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A – Risk 
Factors.”

25

 
 
Business Overview

Central Garden & Pet Company (“Central”) is a leading innovator, producer and distributor of branded and private label products for 
the lawn & garden and pet supplies markets in the United States. The total annual retail sales of the pet food, treats & chews, supplies and 
live animal industry in 2018 was estimated by Packaged Facts and the pet industry to have been approximately $51.9 billion. We estimate 
the annual retail sales of the pet supplies, live animal, and treats & chews and natural pet food markets in the categories in which we 
participate to be approximately $27.4 billion. The total lawn and garden consumables, decorative products, live plant and outdoor cushions 
and pillows industry in the United States is estimated by Packaged Facts, The Freedonia Group and TechNavio to have been approximately 
$23.3 billion in annual retail sales in 2018, including fertilizer, pesticides, growing media, seeds, mulch, other consumables, decorative 
products, live plants and outdoor cushions and pillows. We estimate the annual retail sales of the lawn and garden consumables, decorative 
products and live plant markets in the categories in which we participate to be approximately $16.3 billion.

Our pet supplies products include products for dogs and cats, including edible bones, premium healthy edible and non-edible chews, 

natural dog and cat food and treats, toys, pet carriers, grooming supplies and other accessories; products for birds, small animals and 
specialty pets, including food, cages and habitats, toys, chews and related accessories; animal and household health and insect control 
products; live fish and products for fish, reptiles and other aquarium-based pets, including aquariums, furniture and lighting fixtures, pumps, 
filters, water conditioners, food and supplements, and information and knowledge resources; and products for horses and livestock. These 
products are sold under the brands including Adams™, Aqueon®, Avoderm®, C&S Products®, Cadet®, Farnam®, Four Paws®, Kaytee®, K&H 
Pet Products®, Nylabone®, Pinnacle®, TFH™, Zilla® as well as a number of other brands including Altosid®, Comfort Zone®, Coralife®, 
Interpet®, Pet Select® and Zodiac®. 

Our lawn and garden supplies products include proprietary and non-proprietary grass seed; wild bird feed, bird feeders, bird houses 

and other birding accessories; weed, grass, and other herbicides, insecticide and pesticide products; fertilizers; and decorative outdoor 
lifestyle products including pottery, as well as live plants and outdoor cushions and pillows. These products are sold under the brands 
AMDRO®, Arden Companies™, Ironite®, Pennington®, and Sevin®, as well as a number of other brand names including Lilly Miller®, Over-N-
Out®, Smart Seed® and The Rebels®. 

In fiscal 2019, our consolidated net sales were $2,383 million, of which our Pet segment, or Pet, accounted for approximately $1,385 

million and our Garden segment, or Garden, accounted for approximately $998 million. In fiscal 2019, our operating income was $152 million 
consisting of income from our Pet segment of $123 million, income from our Garden segment of $102 million and corporate expenses of $73 
million.

Fiscal 2019 Financial Highlights

Financial summary:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $167.6 million, or 7.6%, to $2,383.0 million. Our Pet segment sales increased 3.3%, 
and our Garden segment sales increased 14.2%.

Gross profit for fiscal 2019 increased $28.6 million, or 4.2%, to $704.0 million. Gross margin declined 100 basis points in 
fiscal 2019 to 29.5%, from 30.5% in fiscal 2018.

Our operating income decreased $15.2 million, or 9.1%, to $152.1 million in fiscal 2019, and as a percentage of net sales 
declined to 6.4% as compared to 7.6% in fiscal 2018.

Net income for fiscal 2019 was $92.8 million, or $1.61 per share on a diluted basis, compared to net income in fiscal 
2018 of $123.6 million, or $2.32 per share on a diluted basis.

Non-GAAP net income decreased to $92.3 million, or $1.60 per diluted share, in fiscal 2019 from $102.1 million, or $1.91 
per diluted share, in fiscal 2018.

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding increased 4,270 shares, or 8.0%, from 53,341 shares in fiscal 2018 to 
57,611 shares in fiscal 2019.

26

Recent Developments

Acquisitions 

C&S Products

In May 2019, we purchased C&S Products, a manufacturer of suet and other wild bird feed products, for approximately $30.0 million, 
to complement our existing wild bird feed business.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $4.7 million of cash was used to eliminate 
the acquired long-term debt.

Arden Companies

In February 2019, we purchased the remaining 55% ownership interest in Arden Companies, a manufacturer of outdoor cushions and 
pillows, for $13.4 million.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $36 million of cash was used to eliminate most of the acquired long-
term debt.  As a result of the purchase of the remaining 55% ownership interest, we remeasured our previously held investment interest at its 
acquisition-date fair value and recorded a gain of approximately $3.2 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses in our 
condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The acquisition complements our existing garden portfolio.

Subsequent Event

In November 2019, our DMC business unit in the Pet Segment experienced a fire in one of its leased properties located in Athens, 
Texas.  As a result, we sustained inventory and property-related losses in the estimated range of $15 million to $25 million dollars.  This event 
has temporarily had a limited impact on our ability to fulfill orders to certain of our customers.  We believe our insurance coverage is sufficient 
to cover the asset losses as well as the business interruption loss associated with this event.

Results of Operations (GAAP)

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the relative percentages that certain income and expense items bear to net 

sales:

Net sales
Cost of goods sold and occupancy
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative
Operating income
Interest expense, net
Other expense, net
Income taxes
Noncontrolling interest
Net income

Fiscal Year Ended

September 28, 2019

September 29, 2018

September 30, 2017

100.0%
70.5
29.5
23.2
6.4
(1.4)
—
1.1
—
3.9%

100.0%
69.5
30.5
22.9
7.6
(1.6)
(0.2)
0.2
—
5.6%

100.0%
69.2
30.8
23.2
7.6
(1.4)
(0.1)
2.3
—
3.8%

Fiscal 2019 Compared to Fiscal 2018 

Net Sales

Net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $167.6 million, or 7.6%, to $2,383.0 million from $2,215.4 million in fiscal 2018. Our branded 
product sales increased $117.4 million, and sales of other manufacturers’ products increased $50.2 million. Branded product sales include 
products we produce under Central brand names and products we produce under third party brands. Sales of our branded products 
represented 78.9% of our total sales in fiscal 2019 compared with 79.5% in fiscal 2018.  Organic net sales, which excludes the impact of 
acquisitions and divestitures in the last 12 months, increased $32.9 million, or 1.5%, compared to fiscal 2018.  Private label sales 
represented approximately 15% of consolidated net sales.

The following table indicates each class of similar products which represented approximately 10% or more of our consolidated net 

sales in the fiscal years presented (in millions):

27

 
 
Category
Other pet products
Other garden products
Other manufacturers' products
Dog & cat products
Controls & fertilizer products
Total

2019

2018

2017

$

$

613.4
560.8
504.5
452.1
252.2
2,383.0

$

$

606.7
445.7
454.3
445.1
263.6
2,215.4

$

$

603.6
377.0
409.0
405.1
259.8
2,054.5

Pet net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $43.8 million, or 3.3%, to $1,384.7 million from $1,340.9 million in fiscal 2018.  The increase in 

Pet net sales was due in large part to sales from our acquisition of General Pet Supply in April 2018 and C&S Products in May 2019.  Until an 
acquired business has been a part of our consolidated results for 12 months, its net sales are considered sales from acquisitions and 
divestitures rather than organic sales.

Pet organic net sales declined $2.5 million, or 0.2%, primarily as a result of lower sales in our animal health business due to a difficult 

agricultural economic environment and unfavorable weather for livestock and grain production impacting our professional business, lower 
sales of pet behavior modification products, impacted by a new market entrant and product performance issues, and a soft flea and tick 
season.  The decrease in the animal health business was partially offset by volume-based sales increases in our dog and cat and live fish 
businesses.

Pet branded product sales increased $13.7 million and sales of other manufacturers' products increased $30.1 million.  Both increases 

were due to recent acquisitions.

Garden net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $123.8 million, or 14.2%, to $998.3 million from $874.5 million in fiscal 2018.  The increase 
in net sales was due to both sales from acquisitions and organic sales growth.  Sales from our acquisitions of Arden, in February 2019, and 
Bell Nursery, in March 2018, accounted for $88.4 million of the increase in net sales.

Garden organic net sales increased $35.4 million, or 4.0%, due primarily to increased sales in our garden distribution business, 
volume-based increases in live plants and wild bird feed and a price-based increase in grass seed partially offset by decreased sales in our 
controls and fertilizer products due to unfavorable weather that impacted insect control demand.

Garden branded sales increased $103.7 million, due to both acquisitions and organic sales growth, and sales of other manufacturers' 

products increased $20.1 million.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for fiscal 2019 increased $28.6 million, or 4.2%, to $704.0 million from $675.4 million in fiscal 2018, and gross margin 
decreased 100 basis points to 29.5% in fiscal 2019 from 30.5% in fiscal 2018.  Both operating segments contributed to the increase in gross 
profit, while the Garden segment was the primary driver of the decline in gross margin.  Overall, acquisitions accounted for approximately half 
of the decline in gross margin.

In the Pet segment, gross profit increased due to sales from acquisitions.  Gross margin declined in the Pet segment due in large part 

to the decline in our animal health sales, which had an adverse impact on Pet's gross margin not only as a result of the lower sales volume 
but also its impact on the Pet segment's sales mix given higher margins in animal health, and the acquisition of General Pet Supply, which 
positively impacted Pet's gross profit but negatively impacted Pet's gross margin given lower margins in distribution.  These declines were 
partially offset by price increases taken across most of the businesses in our Pet segment.

In the Garden segment, gross profit increased due to higher sales partially offset by a lower gross margin.  The gross profit increase 
was due primarily to sales from acquisitions.  Garden's gross margin was impacted by sales from our acquisitions of Bell Nursery in March 
2018 (seasonal losses in the early months of fiscal 2019 were not part of fiscal 2018 results due to the timing of the transaction) and Arden, 
whose gross margin was lower than the Garden segment average.  The Garden segment was also impacted by increased costs, including 
commodity and transportation costs.  These declines were partially offset by price increases taken across most of the businesses in our 
Garden segment.

28

 
Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $43.9 million, or 8.6%, from $508.0 million in fiscal 2018 to $551.9 in fiscal 
2019.  As a percentage of net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses increased from 22.9% in fiscal 2018 to 23.2% in fiscal 
2019.  The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was due to increases in both selling and delivery expense and 
warehouse and administrative expense, although selling and delivery expense, as a percentage of net sales, declined.  Corporate expenses 
are included within administrative expense and relate to the costs of unallocated executive, administrative, finance, legal, human resource, 
and information technology functions.

Selling and delivery expense increased $16.0 million, or 6.0%, from $266.3 million in fiscal 2018 to $282.3 million in fiscal 2019 but as 
a percentage of net sales decreased from 12.0% in fiscal 2018 to 11.8% in fiscal 2019.  The increase was due primarily to recent acquisitions 
and secondarily to increased delivery spend partially offset by reduced marketing and media spend.  The decrease in selling and delivery 
expense as a percentage of net sales was due primarily to lower discretionary marketing spend.

Warehouse and administrative expense increased $27.9 million, or 11.5%, from $241.7 million in fiscal 2018 to $269.6 million in fiscal 

2019 and increased as a percentage of net sales to 11.3% in fiscal 2019 from 10.9% in fiscal 2018.  Increased expense in both operating 
segments was due primarily to our recent acquisitions as well as increased bad debt expense within the Pet segment.  Two unusual items 
are included within warehouse and administrative expense that substantially offset each other.  During fiscal 2019, we recorded a non-cash 
impairment charge of $2.5 million in our Pet segment related to the impairment of intangible assets caused by a retail customer exiting the 
live fish business.  We also recorded a non-cash gain of $3.2 million in our Garden segment  related to our acquisition of the remaining 55% 
interest in Arden.  Corporate expense increased $4.2 million in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 primarily due to costs associated with 
hiring our new CEO, expenses incurred for the unanticipated resolution of a legal matter, increased non-cash equity compensation expense 
and third-party expenses incurred related to our implementation of the new GAAP lease standard we will adopt beginning in fiscal 2020.  
These increases were partially offset by lower medical insurance costs and lower depreciation and amortization expense.  Corporate 
expenses are included within administrative expense and related to the costs of unallocated executive, administrative, finance, legal, human 
resource, and information technology functions.

Operating Income

Operating income decreased $15.2 million, or 9.1%, to $152.1 million in fiscal 2019 from $167.3 million in fiscal 2018.  Our operating 

margin was 6.4% in fiscal 2019, declining from 7.6% in fiscal 2018.  Increased sales of $167.6 million were partially offset by a 100 basis 
point decline in gross margin and a $43.9 million increase in selling, general and administrative expense, which increased as a percentage of 
net sales compared to fiscal 2018.  Adjusting for the non-cash gain from the fair value remeasurement of our previously held investment 
interest upon our acquisition of the remaining 55% interest in Arden in our Garden segment and for the non-cash charge for the intangible 
asset impairment in our Pet segment, our non-GAAP operating income decreased $15.9 million, or 9.5%, to $151.4 million for fiscal 2019 
from $167.3 million for fiscal 2018.

Pet operating income decreased $17.7 million, or 12.6%, to $122.7 million in fiscal 2019 from $140.4 million for fiscal 2018.  The 

decrease was due to increased sales offset by a lower gross margin and increased selling, general and administrative expenses.  Our Pet 
operating margin declined to 8.9% in fiscal 2019 from 10.5% in fiscal 2018 due to the lower gross margin and higher selling, general and 
administrative expense as a percentage of net sales.  Both operating income and margin were significantly impacted by the weaker 
performance of our animal health business.

Garden operating income increased $6.6 million, or 6.9%, to $102.2 million for fiscal 2019 from $95.6 million for fiscal 2018.  The 
increase was due to increased sales from acquisitions and our organic businesses partially offset by a lower gross margin and higher selling, 
general and administrative expenses.  The increase in operating income was due primarily to our Arden and Bell Nursery acquisitions.

Corporate operating expense increased $4.2 million in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 due to costs associated with hiring our new 
CEO, expenses incurred for the unanticipated resolution of a legal matter, increased non-cash equity compensation expense and third-party 
expenses incurred related to our implementation of the new GAAP lease standard we will adopt beginning in fiscal 2020.  These increases 
were partially offset by lower medical insurance costs and lower depreciation and amortization expense.

Net Interest Expense

Net interest expense decreased $3.0 million, or 8.3%, from $36.1 million in fiscal 2018 to $33.1 million in fiscal 2019.  Increased 
interest expense incurred in our fiscal 2019 first quarter, due to higher average debt outstanding, was more than offset by increased interest 
income the following three fiscal 2019 quarters.  In December 2017, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior 
notes due February 2028.

Debt outstanding on September 28, 2019 was $693.2 million compared to $692.2 million as of September 29, 2018.  Our average 

borrowing rate for fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 was 5.8%.

29

Other Expense

Other expense is comprised of income or loss from investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting, including any 

associated impairments of equity method investments and foreign currency exchange gains and losses.  Other income improved $4.1 million 
from an expense of $3.9 million in fiscal 2018 to income of $0.2 million in fiscal 2019.  Lower losses in fiscal 2019 from one of our start-up 
business investments were partially offset by lower investment income from Arden due to our purchase of the remaining 55% ownership 
interest in February 2019.

Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate was 22.3% for fiscal 2019 compared to 2.6% for fiscal 2018. Fiscal 2018 included a tax benefit of $21.5 

million due to the remeasurement of our deferred tax accounts upon the enactment of the Tax Reform Act.

In fiscal 2018, after adjusting for the tax benefit of $21.5 million, our effective income tax rate was 19.5% compared to our effective 
income tax rate of 22.3% in fiscal 2019.  The higher effective income tax rate in fiscal 2019 was due primarily to lower excess tax benefits 
from stock compensation in the current fiscal year.  We adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-09 during fiscal 2018 and, as a 
result, now record excess tax benefits resulting from stock compensation in the provision for income taxes.

Net Income and Earnings Per Share

Our net income for fiscal 2019 was $92.8 million, or $1.61 per diluted share, compared to $123.6 million, or $2.32 per diluted share, for 

fiscal 2018.

In fiscal 2018, the impact of the Tax Reform Act on our deferred tax accounts was significant.  Adjusting fiscal 2019 for the non-cash 

gain from the fair value remeasurement of our previously held investment interest upon our acquisition of the remaining 55% interest in Arden 
and for the non-cash charge for the intangible asset impairment in our Pet segment and fiscal 2018 for the impact of the Tax Reform Act on 
our deferred tax accounts, non-GAAP net income for the fiscal 2019 was $92.3 million or $1.60 per diluted share, compared to $102.1 million 
or $1.91 per diluted share in fiscal 2018.  The decline in fiscal 2019 net income and earnings per share was due primarily to the reduced 
operating income in our Pet segment and increased shares outstanding due to our equity offering in August 2018.

Fiscal 2018 Compared to Fiscal 2017

For a discussion of our results of operations in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017, please see Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 

10-K for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2018 filed with the SEC.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures 

We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). However, to 
supplement the financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use non-GAAP financial measures including EBITDA, organic sales, 
non-GAAP operating income on a consolidated and segment basis, and non-GAAP net income and diluted net income per share.   
Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures that exclude the impact of specific items (described below) may be useful to 
investors in their assessment of our ongoing operating performance and provide additional meaningful comparisons between current results 
and results in prior operating periods.  

EBITDA is defined by us as income before income tax, net other expense, net interest expense and depreciation and amortization (or 

operating income plus depreciation and amortization expense).  We present EBITDA because we believe that EBITDA is a useful 
supplemental measure in evaluating the cash flows and performance of our business and provides greater transparency into our results of 
operations.  EBITDA is used by our management to perform such evaluation.  EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a 
substitute for cash flow from operations, income from operations or other income statement measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.  
We believe that EBITDA is frequently used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in their evaluation of companies, 
many of which present EBITDA when reporting their results.  Other companies may calculate EBITDA differently and it may not be 
comparable. 

We have also provided organic net sales, a non-GAAP measure that excludes the impact of businesses purchased or exited in the 
prior 12 months, because we believe it permits investors to better understand the performance of our historical business without the impact of 
recent acquisitions or dispositions. 

The reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in 
accordance with GAAP are shown in the tables below.  We believe that the non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to 

30

investors and other users of our financial statements, by allowing for greater transparency in the review of our financial and operating 
performance. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures in making financial, operating and planning decisions and in 
evaluating our performance, and we believe these measures similarly may be useful to investors in evaluating our financial and operating 
performance and the trends in our business from management's point of view. While our management believes that non-GAAP 
measurements are useful supplemental information, such adjusted results are not intended to replace our GAAP financial results and should 
be read in conjunction with those GAAP results.  

Non-GAAP financial measures reflect adjustments based on the following items:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Gains from the fair value remeasurement of previously held investment interests:  we have excluded the impact of the fair 
value remeasurement of a previously held investment interest as it represents an infrequent transaction that occurs in limited 
circumstances that impacts the comparability between operating periods.  We believe the adjustment of this gain 
supplements the GAAP information with a measure that may be used to assess the sustainability of our operating 
performance. 

Asset impairment charges:  we have excluded the impact of asset impairments on intangible assets as such non-cash 
amounts are inconsistent in amount and frequency.  We believe that the adjustment of these charges supplements the 
GAAP information with a measure that can be used to assess the sustainability of our operating performance.  

The U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Job Act (the "Tax 
Reform Act") in December 2017.  We have excluded the transitional impact of the Tax Reform Act as the remeasurement of 
our deferred tax assets and liabilities does not reflect the ongoing impact of the lower U.S. statutory rate on our current year 
or future year earnings. 

Gains on disposals of significant plant assets:  we have excluded the impact of gains on the disposal of significant plant 
assets as these represent infrequent transactions that impact the comparability between operating periods. We believe the 
adjustment of these gains supplements the GAAP information with a measure that may be used to assess the sustainability 
of our operating performance. 

Tax impact: adjustment represents the impact of the tax effect of the pre-tax non-GAAP adjustments excluded from non-
GAAP net income.  The tax impact of the non-GAAP adjustments is calculated based on the consolidated effective tax rate 
on a GAAP basis, applied to the non-GAAP adjustments, unless the underlying item has a materially different tax treatment. 

From time to time in the future, there may be other items that we may exclude if we believe that doing so is consistent with the goal of 

providing useful information to investors and management.  

The non-GAAP adjustments made reflect the following:  

(1)  During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we recorded a $3.2 million non-cash gain in our Garden segment from the fair value 
remeasurement of our previously held 45% interest in Arden upon our acquisition of the remaining 55% interest.  The gain was 
recorded as part of selling, general and administrative costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. 

(2)  During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge in our Pet segment of $2.5 million related 
to the impairment of intangible assets caused by a retail customer exiting the live fish business.  The adjustment was recorded as 
part of selling, general and administrative costs. 

(3)  As a result of the Tax Reform Act, during fiscal 2018, we recorded a tax benefit of $21.5 million, of which $16.3 million was 
recorded in the first quarter and $5.2 million in the fourth quarter, due to the remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and 
liabilities.  We excluded only this transitional impact and did not include in the adjustment the ongoing impact of the lower U.S. 
statutory rate on our earnings.  

31

Operating Income Reconciliation

GAAP operating income

Previously held investment interest fair value remeasurement

Intangible asset impairment

Non-GAAP operating income

Pet Segment Operating Income Reconciliation

GAAP Pet segment operating income

Intangible asset impairment

Non-GAAP Pet segment operating income

Garden Segment Operating Income Reconciliation

GAAP Garden segment operating income

Previously held investment interest fair value remeasurement

Non-GAAP Garden segment operating income

Net Income and Diluted Net Income Per Share Reconciliation

GAAP net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet

Previously held investment interest fair value remeasurement

Intangible asset impairment

Tax effect of remeasurement and impairment

Tax effect of revaluation of deferred tax amounts

Non-GAAP net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet

GAAP diluted net income per share

Non-GAAP diluted net income per share

Shares used in GAAP and non-GAAP diluted net earnings per share calculation

GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
(in thousands)
For the Fiscal Year Ended

Consolidated

September 28, 2019

September 29, 2018

(1)

(2)

(2)

(1)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

152,068

$

167,336

(3,215)

2,540

—

—

151,393

$

167,336

122,727

2,540

125,267

102,170

(3,215)

98,955

$

$

$

$

$

140,353

—

140,353

95,551

—

95,551

GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
For the Fiscal Year Ended

September 28, 2019

September 29, 2018

(1)

(2)

(3)

$

$

$

$

92,786

$

123,594

(3,215)

2,540

151

—

92,262

1.61

1.60

57,611

$

$

$

—

—

—

(21,485)

102,109

2.32

1.91

53,341

Organic Net Sales Reconciliation 

We have provided organic net sales, a non-GAAP measure that excludes the impact of recent acquisitions and dispositions, because 

we believe it permits investors to better understand the performance of our historical business.  We define organic net sales as net sales 
from our historical business derived by excluding the net sales from businesses acquired or exited in the preceding 12 months.  After an 
acquired business has been part of our consolidated results for 12 months, the change in net sales thereafter is considered part of the 
increase or decrease in organic net sales. 

32

GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
For the Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Consolidated

Pet Segment

Garden Segment

Reported net sales FY 2019 (GAAP)

Reported net sales FY 2018 (GAAP)

Increase in net sales

Percent
Change

Percent
Change

$ 2,383.0

2,215.4

$ 1,384.7

1,340.9

167.6

7.6%

43.8

3.3%

Effect of acquisitions and dispositions on increase in net sales

134.7

46.3

Percent
Change

14.2%

$

998.3

874.5

123.8

88.4

Increase (decrease) in organic net sales

$

32.9

1.5% $

(2.5)

(0.2)% $

35.4

4.0%

GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
For the Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018

Consolidated

Pet Segment

Garden Segment

Percent
Change

Percent
Change

Percent
Change

Reported net sales FY 2018 (GAAP)

Reported net sales FY 2017 (GAAP)

Increase in net sales

$ 2,215.4

2,054.5

$ 1,340.9

1,246.4

160.9

7.8%

94.5

7.6%

Effect of acquisitions and dispositions on increase in net sales

Increase in organic net sales

Estimated impact of extra week in fiscal 2017 on organic sales

140.3

20.6

32.8

1.0%

56.2

38.3

21.4

$

874.5

808.1

66.4

84.1

8.2 %

3.1%

(17.7)

(2.2)%

11.4

Organic net sales adjusted for extra week

$

53.4

2.6% $

59.7

4.8% $

(6.3)

(0.8)%

EBITDA Reconciliation

Total

Garden

Pet

Corp

GAAP to non-GAAP Reconciliation
Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet

$

     Interest expense, net

     Other income

     Income tax expense

     Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

          Sum of items below operating income

Income from Operations

Depreciation & Amortization

EBITDA

92,786

33,060

(243)

26,604

(139)

59,282

152,068

50,828

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

102,170

11,959

122,727

32,803

(72,829)

6,066

$

202,896

$

114,129

$

155,530

$

(66,763)

33

EBITDA Reconciliation

Total

Garden

Pet

Corp

GAAP to non-GAAP Reconciliation
Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet

$

123,594

     Interest expense, net

     Other income

     Income tax expense

     Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

          Sum of items below operating income

Income from Operations

Depreciation & Amortization

EBITDA

Inflation

36,051

3,860

3,305

526

43,742

167,336

47,199

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

95,551

8,744

140,353

29,889

(68,568)

8,566

$

214,535

$

104,295

$

170,242

$

(60,002)

Our revenues and margins are dependent on various economic factors, including rates of inflation, energy costs, consumer attitudes 
toward discretionary spending, currency fluctuations, and other macro-economic factors which may impact levels of consumer spending. In 
certain fiscal periods, we have been adversely impacted by rising input costs related to domestic inflation, particularly relating to grain and 
seed prices, fuel prices and the ingredients used in our garden controls and fertilizer. Rising costs in those periods have made it difficult for 
us to increase prices to our retail customers at a pace sufficient to enable us to maintain margins.

During fiscal 2019, commodity costs increased, even as freight costs moderated. Tariffs implemented during the year did have a 

negative impact in instances where we were unable to pass through the incremental costs.

During fiscal 2018, costs increased in a number of areas, including raw materials, freight and labor. We took certain pricing actions in 

fiscal 2018, which generally took effect in fiscal 2019, to help offset the impact of these inflationary pressures. 

During fiscal 2017, overall costs were stable and commodity costs generally declined as overall inflationary pressures were low. In past 

years, we have been impacted by volatility in a number of commodities, including grass seed, fertilizer inputs and wild bird feed grains.

Weather and Seasonality

Our sales of lawn and garden products are influenced by weather and climate conditions in the different markets we serve. Our 
Garden segment’s business is highly seasonal. In fiscal 2019, approximately 69% of our Garden segment’s net sales and 58% of our total 
net sales occurred during our second and third fiscal quarters. Substantially all of the Garden segment’s operating income is typically 
generated in this period, which has historically offset the operating loss incurred during the first fiscal quarter of the year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our growth through a combination of internally generated funds, bank borrowings, supplier credit, and sales of 

equity and debt securities to the public.

Our business is seasonal and our working capital requirements and capital resources track closely to this seasonal pattern. Generally, 
during the first fiscal quarter, accounts receivable reach their lowest level while inventory, accounts payable and short-term borrowings begin 
to increase. During the second fiscal quarter, receivables, accounts payable and short-term borrowings increase, reflecting the build-up of 
inventory and related payables in anticipation of the peak lawn and garden selling season. During the third fiscal quarter, inventory levels 
remain relatively constant while accounts receivable peak and short-term borrowings start to decline as cash collections are received during 
the peak selling season. During the fourth fiscal quarter, inventory levels are at their lowest, and accounts receivable and payables are 
substantially reduced through conversion of receivables to cash.

We service two broad markets: pet supplies and lawn and garden supplies. Our pet supplies businesses involve products that have a 

year round selling cycle with a slight degree of seasonality. As a result, it is not necessary to maintain large quantities of inventory to meet 
peak demands. Our lawn and garden businesses are highly seasonal with approximately 69% of our Garden segment’s net sales occurring 
during the second and third fiscal quarters. This seasonality requires the shipment of large quantities of product well ahead of the peak 
consumer buying periods. To encourage retailers and distributors to stock large quantities of inventory, industry practice has been for 
manufacturers to give extended credit terms and/or promotional discounts.

34

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $90.9 million, from $114.1 million in fiscal 2018 to $205.0 million in fiscal 2019.  

The increase in cash provided was due primarily to changes in our working capital accounts for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018.

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $0.2 million, from $114.3 million in fiscal 2017 to $114.1 million in fiscal 2018. The 

increase in net income for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2018 was partially offset by the cash and non-cash effects of the impact of 
the Tax Reform Act as described in Note 1 - Organization and Significant Accounting Policies, as well as changes in our working capital 
accounts for fiscal 2019, as compared to fiscal 2018.  

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities decreased $64.6 million from $140.9 million in fiscal 2018 to $76.3 million in fiscal 2019.  The 
decrease in cash used in investing activities was due primarily to decreased investment and acquisition activity as well as a $6.2 million 
decrease in capital expenditures in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we acquired the remaining 
55% interest in Arden Companies for approximately $11 million, and during the third quarter of fiscal 2019 we acquired C&S Products for 
approximately $30.0 million.  During the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we acquired Bell Nurseries for approximately $62 million, and during 
the third quarter of fiscal 2018 we acquired General Pet Supply for approximately $24.3 million.  We also made fewer investments in the 
current year than in the prior year.

Net cash used in investing activities decreased $22.0 million from $162.8 million in fiscal 2017 to $140.9 million million in fiscal 2018. 
The decrease in cash used in investing activities was due primarily to decreased acquisition and investment activity as well as a $6.8 million 
decrease in capital expenditures during fiscal 2018.  During the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we acquired Bell Nurseries for approximately 
$61 million, and during the third quarter of fiscal 2018, we acquired General Pet Supply for approximately $24.3 million, in addition to two 
immaterial acquisitions for approximately $8 million.  During the first fiscal quarter of 2017, we acquired Segrest Inc., a wholesaler of 
aquarium fish, for total aggregate consideration of $60 million and during the third fiscal quarter of 2017, we acquired K&H Manufacturing for 
approximately $48 million.  The acquisition activity in 2017 was partially offset by proceeds from the sale of a small veterinary division and a 
distribution facility in our Garden segment during the first fiscal quarter of 2017. During fiscal 2018, we made investments in three strategic 
joint ventures for a total of $9.0 million, as compared to investments made in fiscal 2017 of $12.5 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased $585.5 million from $474.8 million of cash provided in fiscal 2018 to $110.8 million 
of cash used in fiscal 2019.  The decrease in cash provided by financing activities during the current year was due primarily to our December 
2017 issuance of $300 million aggregate principal amount 5.125% senior notes due February 2028, partially offset by deferred financing 
costs of approximately $4.8 million associated with this issuance.  Additionally, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we issued 5,550,000 
shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $37.00 per share and received net proceeds of approximately $196 million. We 
repaid approximately $46 million of acquired long-term debt subsequent to our acquisitions of Arden Companies and C&S Products during 
fiscal 2019. During the current year period, we also repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of our voting common stock (CENT) in the 
open market at an aggregate cost of approximately $14.7 million, or approximately $24.41 per share, and approximately 1.8 million shares of 
our non-voting common stock (CENTA) in the open market at an aggregate cost of approximately $43.4 million, or $24.69 per share, in 
addition to $5.3 million used for minimum statutory tax withholdings related to the net share settlement of our stock.  We also paid $1.3 
million in financing costs associated with the amendment of our asset-based loan facility during the current year period.

Net cash used in financing activities increased $485.2 million from $10.4 million in fiscal 2017 to $474.8 million in fiscal 2018. The 

increase in cash provided was due primarily to our December 2017 issuance of $300 million aggregate principal 5.125% senior notes due 
February 2028, partially offset by the payment of $4.8 million of deferred financing costs associated with this offering.  Additionally, during the 
fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we issued 5,550,000 shares of Class A common stock at a public offering price of $37.00 per share and 
received net proceeds of approximately $196 million. 

We expect that our principal sources of funds will be cash generated from our operations, proceeds from our debt and equity offerings 

in fiscal 2018, and, if necessary, borrowings under our $400 million asset backed loan facility. Based on our anticipated cash needs, 
availability under our asset backed loan facility and the scheduled maturity of our debt, we believe that our sources of liquidity should be 
adequate to meet our working capital, capital spending and other cash needs for at least the next 12 months. However, we cannot assure 
you that these sources will continue to provide us with sufficient liquidity and, should we require it, that we will be able to obtain financing on 
terms satisfactory to us, or at all.

We believe that cash flows from operating activities, funds available under our asset backed loan facility, and arrangements with 

suppliers will be adequate to fund our presently anticipated working capital requirements for the foreseeable future. We anticipate that our 

35

 
capital expenditures, which are related primarily to replacements and expansion of and upgrades to plant and equipment and also investment 
in our continued implementation of a scalable enterprise-wide information technology platform, will be approximately $45 million over the next 
12 months. 

As part of our growth strategy, we have acquired a large number of businesses in the past, and we anticipate that we will continue to 

evaluate potential acquisition candidates in the future. If one or more potential acquisition opportunities, including those that would be 
material, become available in the near future, we may require additional external capital. In addition, such acquisitions would subject us to 
the general risks associated with acquiring companies, particularly if the acquisitions are relatively large.

Stock Repurchases

During fiscal 2019, we repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of our voting common stock (CENT) in the open market at an 
aggregate cost of approximately $14.7 million, or approximately $24.41 per share, and approximately 1.8 million shares of our non-voting 
common stock (CENTA) in the open market at an aggregate cost of approximately $43.4 million, or $24.69 per share.  In fiscal 2011, our 
Board of Directors authorized a $100 million share repurchase program, which authorization was fully utilized in the fourth quarter of fiscal 
2019.  In August 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program to purchase up to $100 million of our common 
stock (the "2019 Repurchase Authorization").  The 2019 Repurchase Authorization has no fixed expiration date and expires when the amount 
authorized has been used or the Board withdraws its authorization.  As of September 28, 2019, no repurchases had been made under the 
$100 million 2019 Repurchase Authorization.

In February 2019, the Board of Directors authorized us to make supplemental purchases to minimize dilution resulting from issuances 

under our equity compensation plans (the "Equity Dilution Authorization").  In addition to our regular share repurchase program, we are 
permitted to purchase annually a number of shares equal to the number of shares of restricted stock or stock options granted in the prior 
fiscal year, to the extent not already repurchased, and the current fiscal year.  The Equity Dilution Authorization has no fixed expiration date 
and expires when the Board withdraws its authorization.  As of September 28, 2019, we had authorization remaining from the fiscal 2019  
equity plan activity to repurchase up to 1.2 million shares under our Equity Dilution Authorization.

Total Debt

At September 28, 2019, our total debt outstanding was $693.2 million versus $692.2 million at September 29, 2018.

Senior Notes 

$300 Million, 5.125% Senior Notes due 2028

On December 14, 2017, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due February 2028.  We will use 

the net proceeds from the offering to finance future acquisitions and for general corporate purposes.

We incurred approximately $4.6 million of debt issuance costs in conjunction with this transaction, which included underwriter fees and 

legal, accounting and rating agency expenses.  The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the term of the 2028 notes.

The 2028 Notes require semiannual interest payments on February 1 and August 1, commencing August 1, 2018.  The 2028 Notes 

are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior basis by our existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries who are borrowers under or 
guarantors of our senior secured revolving credit facility or who guarantee the 2023 Notes.

We may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at any time, at our option, prior to January 1, 2023 at the principal amount plus a "make 

whole" premium.  At any time prior to January 1, 2021, we may also redeem, at our option, up to 35% of the original aggregate principal 
amount of the notes with the proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 105.125% of the principal amount of the notes.  We 
may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at our option, at any time on or after January 1, 2023 for 102.563% on or after January 1, 2024 for 
101.708%, on or after January 1, 2025 for 100.854% and on or after January 1, 2026 for 100% plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The holders of the 2028 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of the 2028 Notes at a purchase price equal to 

101% of the principal amount of the notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of a change of control.

The 2028 Notes contain customary high-yield covenants, including covenants limiting debt incurrence and restricted payments, subject 

to certain baskets and exceptions.  We were in compliance with all covenants as of September 28, 2019.

$400 Million, 6.125% Senior Notes due 2023

In November 2015, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior notes due November 2023. In December 
2015, we used the net proceeds from the offering, together with available cash, to redeem our $400 million aggregate principal amount of 
8.25% senior subordinated notes due March 1, 2018 at a price of 102.063% of the principal amount and to pay fees and expenses related to 
the offering.

We incurred approximately $6.3 million of debt issuance costs in conjunction with these transactions, which included underwriter fees 

and legal, accounting and rating agency expenses. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the term of the 2023 Notes.

36

The 2023 Notes require semiannual interest payments, which commenced on May 15, 2016. The 2023 Notes are unconditionally 
guaranteed on a senior basis by each of our existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries which are borrowers under or guarantors of 
our senior secured revolving credit facility. The 2023 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are subordinated to all of our existing and 
future secured debt, including our Credit Facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness.

We may redeem some or all of the 2023 Notes, at our option, at any time on or after November 15, 2019 for 103.063%, on or after 

November 15, 2020 for 101.531% and on or after November 15, 2021 for 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The holders of the 2023 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of the 2023 Notes at a purchase price equal to 

101% of the principal amount of the notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of a change of control.

The 2023 Notes contain customary high yield covenants, including covenants limiting debt incurrence and restricted payments, subject 

to certain baskets and exceptions. We were in compliance with all covenants as of September 28, 2019.

Asset-Based Loan Facility Amendment

On September 27, 2019, we entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit Agreement”).  The 

Amended Credit Agreement amends and restates the previous credit agreement dated April 22, 2106 and continues to provide up to a 
$400.0 million principal amount senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility, with up to an additional $200.0 million principal amount 
available with the consent of the Lenders, as defined, if we exercise the accordion feature set forth therein (collectively, the “Amended Credit 
Facility”).  The Amended Credit Facility now matures on September 27, 2024.  We may borrow, repay and reborrow amounts under the 
Amended Credit Facility until its maturity date, at which time all amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility must be repaid in full. 

The Amended Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base, reduced capacity due to reserves and certain other restrictions. The 
borrowing base is calculated using a formula initially based upon eligible receivables and inventory minus certain reserves, and was $400.0 
million at closing.  The Amended Credit Facility also allows us to add real property to the borrowing base so long as the real property is 
subject to a first priority lien in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders.  Proceeds of the Amended Credit Facility will 
be used for general corporate purposes.  The Amended Credit Facility includes a $50 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of 
credit and an increased $40 million sublimit for short-notice borrowings.  We incurred approximately $1.6 million of debt issuance costs in 
conjunction with this transaction, which included underwriter fees and legal expenses.  The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the 
term of the Amended Credit Facility.  As of September 28, 2019, there were no borrowings outstanding and no letters of credit outstanding 
under the Credit Facility. There were other letters of credit of $3.2 million outstanding as of September 28, 2019.

Borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility will bear interest at an index based on LIBOR or, at our option, the Base Rate (defined 

as the highest of (a) the SunTrust prime rate, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (c) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%), plus, in either case, 
an applicable margin based on our consolidated senior leverage ratio and (d) 0.00%.  Such applicable margin for LIBOR-based borrowings 
fluctuates between 1.00%-1.50% (previously between 1.25% and 1.50%) and was 1.00% at the time of closing, and such applicable margin 
for Base Rate borrowings fluctuates between 0.00%-0.50% (previously 0.25%-0.50%), and was 0.00% at closing.  An unused line fee shall 
be payable monthly in respect of the total amount of the unutilized Lenders’ commitments and short-notice borrowings under the Amended 
Credit Facility.  Letter of credit fees at the applicable margin on the average undrawn and unreimbursed amount of letters of credit shall be 
payable monthly and a facing fee of 0.125% shall be paid on demand for the stated amount of each letter of credit. We are also required to 
pay certain fees to the administrative agent under the Amended Credit Facility.  As of September 28, 2019, the applicable interest rate related 
to Base Rate borrowings was 5.0%, and the applicable interest rate related to LIBOR-based borrowings was 3.0%.  Banks currently reporting 
information used to set LIBOR will stop doing so after 2021.  Various parties, including government agencies, are seeking to identify an 
alternative rate to replace LIBOR.  We are monitoring their efforts, and we will likely amend contracts to accommodate any replacement rate 
where it is not already provided.

In July 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority in the United Kingdom (UK), the governing body responsible for regulating the London 
Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), announced that it no longer will compel or persuade financial institutions and panel banks to make LIBOR 
submissions after 2021.  This decision is expected to result in the end of the use of LIBOR as a reference rate for commercial loans and 
other indebtedness.  We have both LIBOR-denominated and Euro Interbank Offer Rate (EURIBOR)-denominated indebtedness.  The 
transition to alternatives to LIBOR could be modestly disruptive to the credit markets, and while we do not believe that the impact would be 
material to us, we do not yet have insight into what the impacts might be.

The administering regulatory authority announced it intends to phase out London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) by the end of 2021.  

Our variable rate debt and revolving credit facility use LIBOR as a benchmark for establishing interest rates.  Once LIBOR is phased out it 
will be replaced by an alternative method equivalent to LIBOR.  Any legal or regulatory changes made in response to LIBOR’s future 
discontinuance may result in, among other things, a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease in LIBOR, a delay in the publication 
of LIBOR, or changes in the rules or methodologies in LIBOR.  In addition, alternative methods to LIBOR may be impossible or impracticable 
to determine.  While we do not expect that the transition from LIBOR and risks related thereto will have a material adverse effect on our 
financing costs, it is still uncertain at this time.

37

The Amended Credit Facility continues to contain customary covenants, including financial covenants which require us to maintain a 

minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.00:1.00 upon triggered quarterly testing (e.g. when availability falls below certain thresholds 
established in the agreement), reporting requirements and events of default. The Amended Credit Facility is secured by substantially all 
assets of the borrowing parties, including (i) pledges of 100% of the stock or other equity interest of each domestic subsidiary that is directly 
owned by such entity and (ii) 65% of the stock or other equity interest of each foreign subsidiary that is directly owned by such entity.  We 
were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility during the period ended September 28, 2019.

Contractual Obligations

The table below presents our significant contractual cash obligations by fiscal year:

Contractual Obligations

Fiscal
2020

Fiscal
2021

Fiscal
2022

Fiscal
2023

(in millions)

Fiscal
2024

Thereafter

Total

Long-term debt, including current
maturities (1)

Interest payment obligations (2)

Operating leases

Purchase commitments (3)
Performance-based payments (4)

$

0.1

$

0.1

$

0.1

$

— $

400.0

$

300.0

$

39.9

38.0

107.5

—

39.9

29.3

33.9

—

39.9

21.8

23.9

—

39.9

11.3

18.3

—

18.5

7.9

8.1

—

52.6

20.7

0.1

—

700.3

230.7

129.0

191.8

—

Total

$

185.5

$

103.2

$

85.7

$

69.5

$

434.5

$

373.4

$

1,251.8

(1)  Excludes $3.2 million of outstanding letters of credit related to normal business transactions. Debt repayments do not reflect the 

unamortized portion of deferred financing costs associated with the 2023 Notes and 2028 Notes of $7.1 million as of September 28, 
2019, of which $3.2 million is amortizable until November 2023 and $3.9 million is amortizable until February 2028 and is included in the 
carrying value of the long-term debt.  See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of long-term debt.

(2)  Estimated interest payments to be made on our 2023 and 2028 Notes. See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for 

description of interest rate terms.

(3)  Contracts for purchases of grains, grass seed and pet food ingredients, used primarily to mitigate risk associated with increases in 
market prices and commodity availability, may obligate us to make future purchases based on estimated yields.  The terms of these 
contracts vary; some having fixed prices or quantities, others having variable pricing and quantities.  For certain agreements, 
management estimates are used to develop the quantities and pricing for anticipated purchases, and future purchases could vary 
significantly from such estimates.

(4)  Possible performance-based payments associated with prior acquisitions of businesses are not included in the above table, because 

they are based on future performance of the businesses acquired, which is not yet known. Performance-based payments of 
approximately $0.2 million were made in fiscal 2018 related to Hydro-Organics Wholesale, Inc.  Potential performance-based periods 
extend through fiscal 2020 for Segrest, fiscal 2020 for B2E and fiscal 2025 for Hydro-Organics Wholesale, Inc.  Payments are capped at 
$1.0 million per year related to Hydro-Organics Wholesale, Inc.

As of September 28, 2019, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $0.5 million. These amounts have been excluded from the contractual 

obligations table because a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of future tax settlements cannot be determined.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby we have financial guarantees, subordinated retained 

interests, derivative instruments or other contingent arrangements that expose us to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any 
other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us.

38

 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to the discussion under Part II, Item 8, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1 - Organization and Significant 

Accounting Policies for a summary of recent accounting pronouncements.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, 
which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of 
these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures in the 
consolidated financial statements. Estimates and assumptions are required for, but are not limited to, accounts receivable and inventory 
realizable values, fixed asset lives, long-lived asset valuation and impairments, intangible asset lives, stock-based compensation, deferred 
and current income taxes, self-insurance accruals and the impact of contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical 
experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the result of which forms the basis 
for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may 
differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Although not all inclusive, we believe that the following represent the more critical accounting policies, which are subject to estimates 

and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 

We record an allowance for credit losses and disputed balances associated with our customers’ failure to make required payments. 

Our allowance also includes amounts estimated for customer deductions.  We estimate our allowance based on specific identification, 
historical experience, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness and current economic trends. Generally, we require no collateral 
from our customers. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, we were not able to demonstrate the validity of amounts 
due or future default rates on trade receivables in general were to differ from those currently anticipated, additional allowances could be 
required, which would affect earnings in the period the adjustments are made. For more information, see Note 5 to our consolidated financial 
statements.

Inventory

Inventory, which primarily consists of lawn and garden products, pet supplies, raw materials and finished goods, is stated at the lower 

of first-in first-out (“FIFO”) cost or market. Cost includes certain indirect purchasing, merchandise handling and storage costs incurred to 
acquire or manufacture inventory, costs to unload, process and put away shipments received to prepare them to be picked for orders, and 
certain overhead costs. We compute the amount of such costs capitalized to inventory based on an estimate of costs related to the 
procurement and processing of inventory to prepare it for sale compared to total product purchases. When necessary, we have reduced the 
carrying value of our inventory if market conditions indicate that we will not recover the carrying cost upon sale. Future adverse changes in 
market conditions related to our products could result in an additional charge to income in the period in which such conditions occur.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations are recorded 
based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are not subject to 
amortization but must be evaluated for impairment.

We test goodwill for impairment annually (as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter), or whenever events occur or circumstances 

change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount, by first assessing qualitative factors 
to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  If it is determined that it is 
more likely than not the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, it is unnecessary to perform the two-step goodwill 
impairment test.  If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less  than its carrying amount, the 
two-step test is performed to identify potential goodwill impairment.  Based on certain circumstances, we may elect to bypass the qualitative 
assessment and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test, which compares the fair value of our 
reporting units to their related carrying values, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we 
perform an additional step to determine the implied fair value of goodwill associated with that reporting unit. The implied fair value of goodwill 
is determined by first allocating the fair value of the reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities and then computing the excess of the 
reporting unit’s fair value over the amounts assigned to the assets and liabilities. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair 
value of goodwill, such excess represents the amount of goodwill impairment, and, accordingly,we recognize such impairment. Our goodwill 
impairment analysis also includes a comparison of the aggregate estimated fair value of its two reporting units to the Company’s total market 
capitalization.

39

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. The estimate of fair value of 
each of our reporting units is based on our projection of revenues, gross margin, operating costs and cash flows considering historical and 
estimated future results, general economic and market conditions as well as the impact of planned business and operational strategies. We 
base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable at the time, but such assumptions are subject to inherent 
uncertainty. Assumptions critical to our fair value estimates were: (i) discount rates used in determining the fair value of the reporting units; 
(ii) estimated future cash flows; and (iii) projected revenue and operating profit growth rates used in the reporting unit models. Actual results 
may differ from those estimates. The valuations employ present value techniques to measure fair value and consider market factors.

Most of our goodwill is associated with our Pet segment. In connection with our annual goodwill impairment testing performed during 

fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 we made a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to determine whether it was 
necessary to calculate the fair values of its reporting units under the two-step goodwill impairment test.  We completed our qualitative 
assessment of potential goodwill impairment and it was determined that it was more likely than not the fair values of our reporting units were 
greater than their carrying amounts, and accordingly, no further testing of goodwill was required.

Changes in the judgments and estimates underlying our analysis of goodwill for possible impairment, including expected future cash 

flows and discount rates, could result in a significantly different estimate of the fair value of the reporting units in the future and could result in 
additional impairment of goodwill.

Intangible assets

Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of acquired trade names and trademarks. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested 

annually for impairment or whenever events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that the carrying amount of the asset may not be 
recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized for an intangible asset with an indefinite useful life if its carrying value exceeds its fair 
value.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are primarily tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of the asset to the carrying value. Fair 

value is determined based on discounted cash flow analyses that include significant management assumptions such as revenue growth 
rates, discount rates, weighted average cost of capital, and assumed royalty rates. Future net sales and short-term growth rates are 
estimated for trade names based on management’s forecasted financial results which consider key business drivers such as specific revenue 
growth initiatives, market share changes and general economic factors such as consumer spending.

During fiscal 2019,  2018 and 2017, we performed evaluations of the fair value of our indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks. Our 

expected revenues were based on our future operating plan and market growth or decline estimates for future years. No impairment was 
indicated during our fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 analyses of our indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks. 

Long-Lived Assets

We review our long-lived assets, including amortizable intangibles and property, plant and equipment, for potential impairment 

whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. An 
impairment loss would be recognized for amortizable intangible assets and property, plant and equipment when estimated undiscounted 
future cash flows expected to result from use of the asset are less than its carrying amount. Management determines fair value by estimating 
future cash flows as a result of forecasting sales and costs. Impairment, if any, is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a 
long-lived asset exceeds its fair value.  No factors indicating the carrying value of our tangible long-lived assets may not be recoverable were 
present in fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, respectively,  and accordingly, no impairment testing was performed on these assets.  As a result of 
one of our retail customers exiting the live fish business, factors indicating the carrying value of certain amortizable intangible assets may not 
be recoverable were present during fiscal 2019.  We performed impairment testing on these assets, found the carrying value was not 
recoverable, and accordingly, recorded an impairment charge in our Pet segment of approximately $2.5 million as part of selling, general and 
administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019.

Should market conditions or the assumptions used by us in determining the fair value of assets change, or management change plans 

regarding the future usage of certain assets, additional charges to operations may be required in the period in which such conditions occur.

Accruals for Self-Insurance

We maintain insurance for certain risks, including workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability, and are self-insured for 
employee related health care benefits. Our workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability insurance policies include deductibles 
of $250,000 to $350,000 per occurrence, with a separate deductible of $50,000 for physical damage. We maintain excess loss insurance that 
covers any health care claims in excess of $700,000 per person per year. We maintain a self-insurance reserve for losses, determined with 
assistance from a third party actuary, based on claims filed and actuarial estimates of the ultimate loss amount inherent in the claims, 
including losses for claims incurred but not reported. Any actuarial projection of losses concerning workers’ compensation and general 
liability is subject to a high degree of variability. Among the causes of this variability are unpredictable external factors affecting future inflation 
rates, discount rates, litigation trends, legal interpretations, benefit level changes and claim settlement patterns. We do not believe there is a 

40

reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions we use to calculate our self-insurance liabilities. 
However, any differences in estimates and assumptions could result in accrual requirements materially different from the calculated accruals.

Legal and Other Contingencies

The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought against us are subject to significant uncertainty. An estimated loss from a loss 
contingency such as a legal proceeding or claim is accrued by a charge to income if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability 
has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In determining whether a loss should be accrued, we evaluate, 
among other factors, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss. 
Changes in these factors could materially impact our consolidated financial statements.

Acquisitions

In connection with businesses we acquire, management must determine the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 
Considerable judgment and estimates are required to determine such amounts, particularly as they relate to identifiable intangible assets, 
and the applicable useful lives related thereto. Under different assumptions, the resulting valuations could be materially different, which could 
materially impact the operating results we report.

Our contractual commitments are presented under the caption Liquidity and Capital Resources.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks, which include changes in U.S. interest rates and commodity prices and, to a lesser extent, foreign 

exchange rates. We do not engage in financial transactions for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risk. The interest payable on our Amended Credit Facility is based on variable interest rates and therefore affected by 
changes in market interest rates. We had no variable rate debt outstanding as of September 28, 2019 under our Amended Credit Facility. 
However, if our Amended Credit Facility were fully drawn and interest rates changed by 25 basis points compared to actual rates, interest 
expense would have increased or decreased by approximately $1.0 million. In addition, we have investments consisting of cash equivalents 
and short-term investments, which are also affected by changes in market interest rates. 

Commodity Prices. We are exposed to fluctuations in market prices for grains, grass seed, chemicals, fertilizer ingredients and pet 

food ingredients. To mitigate risk associated with increases in market prices and commodity availability, we enter into contracts for 
purchases, primarily to ensure commodity availability to us in the future. As of September 28, 2019, we had entered into fixed purchase 
commitments for commodities totaling approximately $191.8 million. A 10% change in the market price for these commodities would result in 
an additional pretax gain or loss of $19.2 million as the related inventory containing those inputs is sold. 

Foreign Currency Risks. Our market risk associated with foreign currency rates is not considered to be material. To date, we have had 
minimal sales outside of the United States. Purchases made by our U.S. subsidiaries from foreign vendors are primarily made in U.S. dollars. 
Our international subsidiary transacts most of its business in British pounds. Therefore, we have only minimal exposure to foreign currency 
exchange risk. We do not hedge against foreign currency risks and believe that foreign currency exchange risk is immaterial to our current 
business.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

See pages beginning at F-1.

41

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and 
Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have reviewed, as of 

the end of the period covered by this report, the “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) that ensure that information relating to the Company required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file 
or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely and proper manner and that such information 
is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate 
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon this review, such officers concluded that our disclosure controls and 
procedures were effective as of September 28, 2019. 

(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and 

Principal Financial Officer, has evaluated whether any change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the fourth 
quarter of fiscal 2019. Based on that evaluation, management concluded that there has been no change in our internal control over financial 
reporting during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control 
over financial reporting. 

(c) Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. A copy of our management’s report and the report of Deloitte & 
Touche LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, are included in our Financial Statements and Supplementary Data beginning 
on page F-1. 

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all of our executive officers and directors, a copy of which is available on our website 

at https://www.central.com/about-us/responsibility#values-and-ethics.

The remaining information required by this item is incorporated by reference from Central’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 

Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Further Information Concerning the Board of Directors – 
Committees of the Board”, “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” and “Code of Ethics.” See also Item 1 – Business above.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from Central’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Executive Compensation” and “Further Information Concerning the Board of Directors – 
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation.”

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and 
Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from Central’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Ownership of Management and Principal Stockholders” and Executive Compensation – “Equity 
Compensation Plan Information.”

42

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director 
Independence

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from Central’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Further Information Concerning the Board of Directors – Board Independence” and 
“Transactions with the Company.”

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from Central’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 Annual 

Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)  The following documents are filed as part of this report:

(i)  Consolidated Financial Statements of Central Garden & Pet Company are attached to this Form 10-K beginning on page F-1:

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

All other schedules are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or because the required 

information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(2)  Exhibits:

Set forth below is a list of exhibits that are being filed or incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K:

Exhibit
Number
3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

Exhibit
Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of 
Incorporation

Amended and Restated By-laws of Central 
Garden & Pet Company, effective October 2, 2019

Incorporated by Reference

Form
10-K

File
No.
001-33268

Exhibit
3.1

Filing
Date
12/14/2006

8-K

001-33268

3.1

10/4/2019

Filed
Herewith

Filed, Not
Furnished

Specimen Common Stock Certificate.

Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate.

10-K

10-K

001-33268
001-33268

4.1

4.2

11/29/2017

11/29/2017

43

 
 
 
Exhibit
Number
4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

4.11

4.12

10.1

Exhibit
Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2010, by and 
between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association, as trustee.

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 
November 9, 2015, by and among the Company, 
the guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo 
Bank, National Association, as trustee, relating to 
6.125% Senior Notes due 2023.

Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 
25, 2016, by and among the Company, certain 
guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association, as trustee, relating to 
6.125% Senior Notes due 2023.

Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 
December 23, 2016, by and among the Company, 
certain guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo 
Bank, National Association, as trustee, relating to 
the 6.125% Senior Notes due 2023.

Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 
24, 2017, by and among the Company, certain 
guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association, as trustee, relating to the 
6.125% Senior Notes due 2023.
Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 
December 24, 2017, by and among the Company, 
certain guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo 
Bank National Association, as trustee, relating to 
the 5.125% Senior Notes due 2028.

Eight Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 
December 14, 2017, by and among the Company, 
certain guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo 
Bank National Association, as trustee, relating to 
the 6.125% Senior Notes due 2023.

Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 
30, 2019, by and among the Company, certain 
guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank 
National Association, as trustee, relating to the 
6.125% Senior Notes due 2023 and the 5.125% 
Senior Notes due 2028.

Tenth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 
29, 2019, by and among the Company, certain 
guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank 
National Association, as trustee, relating to the 
6.125% Senior Notes due 2023 and the 5.125% 
Senior Notes due 2028.
Description of the Registrants Securities 
Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Form of Indemnification Agreement between the 
Company and Executive Officers and Directors.

Form
8-K

File
No.
001-33268

Exhibit
4.2

Filing
Date
3/8/2010

Filed
Herewith

Filed, Not
Furnished

10-K

001-33268

4.6

12/10/2015

10-K

001-33268

4.5

12/2/2016

10-Q

001-33268

4.1

2/2/2017

10-Q

001-33268

4.1

8/3/2017

8-K

001-33268

4.1

12/14/2017

8-K

001-33268

4.2

12/14/2017

10-Q

001-33268

4.1

5/7/2019

10-Q

001-33268

4.1

8/2/2019

X

10-K

011-33268

10.1

11/29/2017

44

Exhibit
Number
10.2

10.3*

10.4*

10.5*

10.6*

10.7*

10.8*

10.9*

10.10*

10.11*

10.12*

Exhibit
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement 
dated September 27, 2019 among the Company, 
certain of the Company's domestic subsidiaries as 
borrowers and guarantors, a syndicate of financial 
institutions party thereto, Suntrust Bank, as 
issuing bank and administrative agent, Bank of 
America, N.A., U.S. Bank National Association 
and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as 
Co-Syndication Agents, Bank of the West, BMO 
Harris Bank, N.A., J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. 
and Keybank National Association as Co-
Documentation Agents, Suntrust Robinson 
Humphrey, Inc., Bank of America N.A., U.S. Bank 
National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association as Joint Lead Arrangers and 
Joint Bookrunners.

2003 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, as amended 
and restated effective February 13, 2012.

Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement for 
2003 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan.

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for 2003 
Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan.

Form of Performance-Based Non-Statutory Stock 
Option Agreement for 2003 Omnibus Equity 
Incentive Plan

Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan, as 
amended and restated effective December 7, 
2016

Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement for 
Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan.

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for 
Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan.

Form

File
No.

Exhibit

Filing
Date

Filed, Not
Furnished

Filed
Herewith
X

8-K

001-33268

10.2

2/15/2012

10-K

000-20242

10/5/2001

12/9/2004

10-K

000-20242

10/5/2002

12/9/2004

10-K

001-33268

10/4/2003

11/19/2010

10-Q

001-33268

10.1

5/4/2017

10-Q

000-20242

10/6/2001

2/3/2005

10-Q

000-20242

10/6/2002

2/3/2005

Employment Agreement dated as of February 27, 
1998 between Pennington Seed, Inc. of Delaware 
and Brooks Pennington III.

10-K/
A

000-20242

10.20

1/20/1999

Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement dated as of February 27, 1998 
between Pennington Seed, Inc. of Delaware and 
Brooks Pennington III, dated as of May 6, 2003.

Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement and Noncompetition Agreement, dated 
as of April 10, 2006, between the Company and 
Brooks M. Pennington III.

10-Q

000-20242

10/7/2001

8/8/2003

8-K

000-20242

10.1

4/14/2006

45

Exhibit
Number
10.13*

10.14*

10.15*

10.16*

10.17*

10.18*

Exhibit
Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement and Noncompetition Agreement, dated 
as of July 1, 2008, between the Company and 
Brooks M. Pennington III.

Amendment of Employment Agreement and Non-
Competition Agreement between the Company 
and Brooks M. Pennington III, dated March 20, 
2012.
Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement and Noncompetition Agreement, dated 
as of March 1, 2014, between the Company and 
Brooks M. Pennington III.

Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement and Noncompetition Agreement, dated 
as of March 1, 2016, between the Company and 
Brooks M. Pennington III.
Modification and Extension of Employment 
Agreement and Noncompetition Agreement, dated 
as of March 1, 2018, between the Company and 
Brooks M. Pennington III.

Form of Agreement to Protect Confidential 
Information, Intellectual Property and Business 
Relationships.

Form
10-K

File
No.
001-33268

Exhibit
10/7/2002

Filing
Date
11/26/2008

Filed
Herewith

Filed, Not
Furnished

10-Q

001-33268

10.1

2/7/2013

10-Q

001-33268

10.1

2/5/2015

10-K

001-33268

10.16

11/29/2017

10-K

001-33268

10.17

11/28/2018

8-K

000-20242

10.1

10/14/2005

10.19*

Form of Post-Termination Consulting Agreement.

8-K

000-20242

10.2

10/14/2005

10.20*

10.21*

10.22*

10.23*

21

23

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

Employment Agreement between the Company 
and George A. Yuhas, effective March 1, 2011.

Employment Agreement between the Company 
and George Roeth, effective June 1, 2016.
Employment Agreement between the Company 
and William Lynch, effective October 10, 2016.

Employment Agreement between the Company 
and Timothy Cofer, effective October 14, 2019

List of Subsidiaries.

Consent of Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm.

Certification of Principal Executive Officer 
Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant 
to Rule 13a-14(a).

Certification of Principal Executive Officer 
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant 
to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

101.DEF

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
Document

10-K

001-33268

10.24

12/10/2015

8-K

001-33268

10.25

5/6/2016

10-K

001-33268

10.22

11/28/2018

8-K

001-33268

10.1

9/19/2019

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

46

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page
iXBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL
document.

*

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

X

47

  
  
  
  
  
  
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

Not applicable.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report 

to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 27, 2019 

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY

By /s/ Timothy P. Cofer
  Timothy P. Cofer
  Chief Executive Officer

48

 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on 

behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.

Signature
/s/ Timothy P. Cofer

Timothy P. Cofer

/s/ Nicholas Lahanas

Nicholas Lahanas

/s/ Howard A. Machek

Howard A. Machek

/s/ John B. Balousek

John B. Balousek

/s/ William E. Brown

William E. Brown

/s/ Thomas J. Colligan

Thomas J. Colligan

/s/ Michael J. Edwards

Michael J. Edwards

/s/ Michael J. Griffith

Michael J. Griffith

/s/ Christopher T. Metz

Christopher T. Metz

/s/ Brooks M. Pennington III

Brooks M. Pennington III

/s/ John R. Ranelli

John R. Ranelli

/s/ Mary Beth Springer

Mary Beth Springer

Capacity
Director and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Date
November 27, 2019

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

November 27, 2019

Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

November 27, 2019

Director

November 27, 2019

Chairman

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

November 27, 2019

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

49

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Central Garden & Pet Company

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets, September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018

Consolidated Statements of Operations for Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and 
September 30, 2017

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 
and September 30, 2017

Consolidated Statements of Equity for Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 
2017

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 
and September 30, 2017

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 
and September 30, 2017

F- 2

F- 3

F- 5

F- 6

F- 7

F- 8

F- 9

F- 10

F- 1

 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Central Garden & Pet Company’s management, under the supervision of Central’s Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial 

Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 
15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Management evaluated the effectiveness of Central’s internal control over financial reporting based on 
the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the 
Treadway Commission. The scope of management's assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting included 
all of our consolidated operations except for the operations of Arden Companies, LLC which we acquired on February 2, 2019 and C&S 
Products Co., Inc., which we acquired on May 31, 2019.  This exclusion is in accordance with the SEC's general guidance that an 
assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from our scope in the year of acquisition. Arden Companies, LLC and C&S 
Products Co., Inc., combined constituted approximately four percent of the total assets and approximately four percent of total net sales of 
the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019.  

Based on evaluation of the criteria set forth by COSO in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013), management concluded that 

our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 28, 2019. 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, has issued a report on our internal control over financial 

reporting, which appears on page F-3 of this Form 10-K.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper 
management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that 
the controls may become ineffective because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.

F- 2

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Central Garden & Pet Company

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Central Garden & Pet Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 28, 
2019 and September 29, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, equity and cash flows for each of the three 
fiscal years in the period ended September 28, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).  We also have audited the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 28, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of 
September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 
28, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all 
material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 28, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

As described in “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting,” management excluded from its assessment the internal control over 
financial reporting at C&S Products and Arden Companies which were acquired during fiscal 2019, and whose combined financial statements constitute 
approximately four percent of total assets and approximately four percent of net sales of the consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year 
ended September 28, 2019. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting at C&S Products or Arden Companies.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Management’s Report on Internal Control over 
Financial Reporting.” Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over 
financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due 
to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included 
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the 
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over 
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect 
the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of 
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required 
to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our 
especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial 

F- 3

statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on 
the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Acquisitions - Arden Companies and C&S Products - Refer to Note 3 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

In February of 2019, the Company purchased the remaining 55% interest in Arden Companies, a manufacturer of outdoor cushions and pillows, for $13.4 
million. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination achieved in stages, which required the Company to remeasure its existing 45% 
interest in Arden at its acquisition-date fair value and recognize a $3.2 million gain in earnings during the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019.  

In May of 2019, the Company purchased C&S Products, a manufacturer of suet and other wild bird feed products, for approximately $30.0 million. The 
Company has not yet finalized the allocation of the purchase price to fair value of the tangible assets, intangible assets and liabilities acquired. 

We identified the accounting for these acquisitions as a critical audit matter due to the complexity of the agreements and the significant judgments made by 
management in (1) evaluating the purchase and other agreements entered into on or around the acquisition dates to identify the accounting treatment for 
different elements contained in each agreement, and (2) determining the weighted-average cost of capital (WACC), including the discount rates to be used in 
the valuations. Auditing these acquisitions required significant audit effort in the form of more experienced personnel reading the purchase and other 
agreements to identify, analyze, and conclude on the reasonableness of management's accounting treatment for the different elements, including the 
purchase prices recorded, as well as the gain recorded on the Company’s existing 45% interest in Arden Companies. In addition, we used our fair value 
specialists to assist us in evaluating the reasonableness of the WACC and discount rates utilized in the valuations.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the Arden Companies and C&S Products acquisitions included the following, among others:

•  We tested the effectiveness of controls over the valuation methodology of acquired companies, including management’s controls over the 

selection of the WACC and discount rates as well as controls over the review of the purchase and other agreements for complex accounting 
matters and associated accounting analysis.

•  We read and analyzed the purchase and other agreements entered into on or around the acquisition dates to identify and conclude on the 

reasonableness of management’s accounting treatment for the different elements, including the purchase prices recorded, as well as the gain 
recorded on the remeasurement of the Company’s existing 45% interest in Arden Companies.

•  With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the WACC and discount rates by:

• 

• 

Testing the source information underlying the determination of the WACC and discount rates and testing the mathematical accuracy of 
the calculation.

Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the WACC and discount rates selected by management.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

San Francisco, California
November 26, 2019

We have served as the Company’s auditor since at least 1987, however, an earlier year could not be reliably determined.

F- 4

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

(in thousands)

Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories, net
Prepaid expenses and other
Total current assets

Plant, property and equipment, net
Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
Other assets

Total

Current liabilities:

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Current portion of long-term debt
Total current liabilities

Long-term debt
Deferred income taxes and other long-term obligations
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Equity:

Common stock
Class A common stock
Class B stock
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Central Garden & Pet shareholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interest
Total equity
Total

$

$

$

$

497,749
12,952
300,135
466,197
30,160
1,307,193
245,405
286,077
146,137
40,208
2,025,020

149,246
129,166
113
278,525
693,037
57,281

115
430
16
575,380
421,742
(1,676)
996,007
170
996,177
2,025,020

$

$

$

$

482,106
10,899
275,908
427,823
20,562
1,217,298
217,647
281,177
152,265
38,822
1,907,209

110,259
102,583
122
212,964
692,031
49,380

121
439
16
590,168
362,923
(1,218)
952,449
385
952,834
1,907,209

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F- 5

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Net sales

Cost of goods sold and occupancy

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Operating income

Interest expense

Interest income

Other income (expense), net

Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

Income tax expense

Net income including noncontrolling interest

Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company

Net income per share attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average shares used in the computation of net income per
share:

Basic

Diluted

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

$

2,383,010

$

2,215,362

$

1,678,969

1,539,986

2,054,478

1,421,670

704,041

551,973

152,068

(42,614)

9,554

243

119,251

26,604

92,647

(139)

675,376

508,040

167,336

(39,196)

3,145

(3,860)

127,425

3,305

124,120

526

$

$

$

92,786

$

123,594

$

1.63

1.61

$

$

2.39

2.32

$

$

56,770

57,611

51,716

53,341

632,808

476,696

156,112

(28,209)

147

(1,621)

126,429

46,699

79,730

902

78,828

1.57

1.52

50,230

51,820

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F- 6

 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

(in thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation

Total comprehensive income

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

$

92,647

$

124,120

$

79,730

(458)

92,189

(139)

(267)

123,853

526

343

80,073

902

79,171

Comprehensive income attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company

$

92,328

$

123,327

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F- 7

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Common Stock

Class A Common
Stock

Class B Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Non-
controlling
Interest

Total
Equity

Total

Central Garden & Pet Company

11,998,472

$

120

37,418,572

$

374

1,652,262

$

16

$

393,297

$ 160,501

$

(1,294)

$553,014

$

1,573

$554,587

—

—

(16,764)

178,315

—

—

—

—

—

—

2

—

—

—

—

—

(79,362)

680,526

—

—

—

—

—

—

6

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

8,700

19,942

(7,765)

(17,384)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

78,828

—

8,700

—

8,700

—

—

—

—

343

—

19,942

(7,765)

(17,376)

—

343

78,828

—

—

—

19,942

(7,765)

(17,376)

(1,019)

(1,019)

—

902

343

79,730

12,160,023

122

38,019,736

380

1,652,262

16

396,790

239,329

(951)

635,686

1,456

637,142

—

(14,888)

—

—

—

—

—

(1)

—

—

—

—

—

48,180

5,885,349

—

—

—

—

—

59

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

9,252

(7,428)

191,554

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

123,594

—

—

9,252

(7,429)

—

—

9,252

(7,429)

— 191,613

— 191,613

—

—

(1,597)

(1,597)

(267)

(267)

— 123,594

—

526

(267)

124,120

12,145,135

121

43,953,265

439

1,652,262

16

590,168

362,923

(1,218)

952,449

385

952,834

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

437,035

337,767

—

—

4

4

—

(601,166)

(6)

(1,759,574)

(17)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10,459

(3,128)

2,006

—

—

—

—

—

(24,125)

(33,967)

—

—

—

92,786

—

—

—

—

—

10,459

(3,124)

2,010

—

(58,115)

(458)

(458)

—

—

—

10,459

(3,124)

2,010

(76)

(76)

—

—

(58,115)

(458)

—

92,786

(139)

92,647

11,543,969

$

115

42,968,493

$

430

1,652,262

$

16

$

575,380

$ 421,742

$

(1,676)

$996,007

$

170

$996,177

Balance,
September 24, 2016

Amortization of share-
based awards

Tax deficiency on
exercise of stock
options, net of tax
benefit

Restricted share
activity

Issuance of common
stock

Distribution to
noncontrolling interest

Other comprehensive
loss

Net income

Balance,
September 30, 2017

Amortization of share-
based awards

Restricted share
activity

Issuance of common
stock

Distribution to
noncontrolling interest

Other comprehensive
loss

Net income

Balance,
September 29, 2018

Amortization of share-
based awards

Restricted share
activity

Issuance of common
stock

Distribution to
noncontrolling interest

Repurchase of stock

Other comprehensive
loss

Net income

Balance,
September 28, 2019

See notes to consolidated financial statements

F- 8

 
 
 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of deferred financing costs
Stock-based compensation
Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards
Deferred income taxes
Gain on sale of property and equipment
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Other
Changes in assets and liabilities (excluding businesses acquired):

Receivables
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Other long-term obligations

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Additions to property, plant and equipment
Businesses acquired, net of cash acquired
Escrow deposit for acquisition-related contingent consideration
Proceeds from asset sales
Payments for investments
Other investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Repayments on revolving line of credit
Borrowings on revolving line of credit
Repayments of long-term debt
Issuance of long-term debt
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs
Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards
Repurchase of common stock, including shares surrendered for tax withholding
Payments of contingent consideration
Distribution to noncontrolling interest
Payment of financing costs

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year
Supplemental information:
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income taxes – net of refunds

Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capital expenditures incurred but not paid
Liability for contingent performance-based payments
Shares of common stock repurchased but not settled

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018
(in thousands)

September 30,
2017

$

92,647

$

124,120

$

79,730

50,828
1,832
14,662
—
6,659
—
730
(570)

1,485
(3,696)
(2,643)
30,473
12,261
306
204,974

(31,577)
(41,161)
—
—
(2,010)
(1,515)
(76,263)

—
—
(46,193)
—
—
—
(62,974)
(170)
(76)
(1,352)
(110,765)
(250)
17,696
493,005
510,701

42,702
14,958

2,630
(685)
458

$

$

47,199
1,748
11,602
—
(4,833)
—
273
1,840

(28,741)
(15,087)
(3,803)
(1,163)
(20,096)
1,053
114,112

(37,845)
(91,244)
—
—
(9,048)
(2,745)
(140,882)

(23,000)
23,000
(431)
300,000
195,631
—
(13,797)
(253)
(1,597)
(4,770)
474,783
(50)
447,963
45,042
493,005

36,664
19,508

2,386
(2,888)
—

$

$

42,719
1,361
11,115
(19,946)
10,789
(2,050)
65
3,999

(32,419)
(15,885)
2,845
(2,143)
35,018
(889)
114,309

(44,659)
(103,880)
(6,000)
8,547
(12,495)
(4,355)
(162,842)

(552,000)
552,000
(463)
—
—
19,946
(27,556)
(1,300)
(1,019)
—
(10,392)
75
(58,850)
103,892
45,042

27,878
10,560

3,106
2,830
—

$

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F- 9

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Fiscal Years Ended September 28, 2019,
September 29, 2018, and September 30, 2017 

1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies

Organization – Central Garden & Pet Company (“Central”), a Delaware corporation, and subsidiaries (the “Company”), is a leading 
marketer and producer of quality branded products and distributor of third party products in the pet and lawn and garden supplies markets. 

Basis of Consolidation and Presentation – The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles 

generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and include the accounts of Central and all majority-owned subsidiaries. All 
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The fiscal years ended September 28, 2019 and 
September 29, 2018 each included 52 weeks. The fiscal year ended September 30, 2017 included 53 weeks. 

Noncontrolling Interest – Noncontrolling interest in the Company’s consolidated financial statements represents the 20% interest not 
owned by the Company in a consolidated subsidiary. Since the Company controls this subsidiary, its financial statements are consolidated 
with those of the Company, and the noncontrolling owner’s 20% share of the subsidiary’s net assets and results of operations is deducted 
and reported as noncontrolling interest on the consolidated balance sheets and as net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the 
consolidated statements of operations. 

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America requires that management make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses 
during the reporting period including realization of accounts receivable and inventory and valuation of goodwill and intangibles. Actual results 
could differ from those estimates. 

Revenue Recognition and Nature of Products and Services

The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of branded, private label and third-party pet and garden products 
to wholesalers, distributors and retailers, primarily in the United States. The majority of the Company’s revenue is generated from the sale of 
finished pet and garden products.  The Company also recognizes a minor amount of non-product revenue (approximately one percent of 
consolidated net sales) comprising third-party logistics services, merchandising services and royalty income from sales-based licensing 
arrangements.  Product and non-product revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of the contracts with 
customers are satisfied.  The Company recognizes product revenue when control over the finished goods transfers to its customers, which 
generally occurs upon shipment to, or receipt at, customers’ locations, as determined by the specific terms of the contract.  These revenue 
arrangements generally have single performance obligations.  Non-product revenue is recognized as the services are provided to the 
customer in the case of third-party logistics services and merchandising services, or as third-party licensee sales occur for royalty income.  
Revenue, which includes shipping and handling charges billed to the customer, is reported net of variable consideration and consideration 
payable to our customers, including applicable discounts, returns, allowances, trade promotion, unsaleable product, consumer coupon 
redemption and rebates. The amount billed to customers for shipping and handling costs included in net sales for the fiscal years ended 
September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 was $13.8 million, $12.2 million and $9.4 million, respectively.  Shipping 
and handling costs that occur before the customer obtains control of the goods are deemed to be fulfillment activities and are accounted for 
as fulfillment costs.

Key sales terms are established on a frequent basis such that most customer arrangements and related incentives have a one year or 

shorter duration.  As such, the Company does not capitalize contract inception costs.  Product fulfillment costs are capitalized as a part of 
inventoriable costs in accordance with our inventory policies.  The Company generally does not have unbilled receivables at the end of a 
period.  Deferred revenues are not material and primarily include advance payments for services that have yet to be rendered.  The Company 
does not receive noncash consideration for the sale of goods.  Amounts billed and due from our customers are classified as receivables and 
require payment on a short-term basis; therefore, the Company does not have any significant financing components.

Sales Incentives and Other Promotional Programs

The Company routinely offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers and 
consumers.  These programs include product discounts or allowances, product rebates, product returns, one-time or ongoing trade-promotion 
programs with customers and consumer coupon programs that require the Company to estimate and accrue the expected costs of such 

F- 10

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

programs. The costs associated with these activities are accounted for as reductions to the transaction price of the Company’s products and 
are, therefore, recorded as reductions to gross sales at the time of sale.  The Company bases its estimates of incentive costs on historical 
trend experience with similar programs, actual incentive terms per customer contractual obligations and expected levels of performance of 
trade promotions, utilizing customer and sales organization inputs. The Company maintains liabilities at the end of each period for the 
estimated incentive costs incurred but unpaid for these programs.  Differences between estimated and actual incentive costs are generally 
not material and are recognized in earnings in the period such differences are determined. Reserves for product returns, accrued rebates and 
promotional accruals are included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as part of accrued expenses, and the value of inventory 
associated with reserves for sales returns is included within prepaid and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Practical Expedients

The Company elected the following practical expedients upon its adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC Topic 606).

•  Significant financing component - The Company elected not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the 
effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between the 
transfer of a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or 
less.

•  Shipping and handling costs - The Company elected to account for shipping and handling activities that occur before the 
customer has obtained control of a good as fulfillment activities rather than as a promised service.

•  Measurement of transaction price - The Company has elected to exclude from the measurement of transaction price all 
taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on, and concurrent with, a specific revenue-producing 
transaction and collected by the Company from a customer for sales taxes.

Cost of goods sold and occupancy consists of cost of product, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving costs, certain indirect 
purchasing, merchandise handling and storage costs, internal transfer costs as well as allocations of overhead costs, including depreciation, 
related to the Company’s facilities. Cost of goods sold excludes substantially all shipping and handling and out-bound freight costs to 
customers, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses as delivery expenses. The cost of shipping and handling, 
including internal costs and payments to third parties, included in delivery expenses within selling, general and administrative expenses for 
the fiscal years ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 was $80.4 million, $70.1 million and $59.3 million, 
respectively. 

Advertising Costs – The Company expenses the costs of advertising as incurred. Advertising expenses were $27.5 million, $29.7 

million and $34.5 million in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

401(k) Plans – The Company sponsors several 401(k) plans which cover substantially all employees. The Company’s matching 

contributions expensed under these plans were $4.2 million for fiscal 2019, $2.3 million for fiscal 2018 and $2.4 million for fiscal 2017. In 
fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company’s matching contributions made in the Company’s Class A common stock resulted in the issuance of 
approximately 161,000, 61,000 and 81,000 shares, respectively. 

Other income (expense) consists principally of earnings (losses) from equity method investments and foreign exchange gains and 

losses. 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes result primarily from bad debt allowances, 

inventory and goodwill write-downs, amortization and depreciation. The Company establishes a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 
when management believes it is more likely than not a deferred tax asset will not be realized. As of fiscal year-end 2019 and 2018, the 
Company had valuation allowances related to various state and foreign net deferred tax assets of $7.2 million and $6.8 million, respectively.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law by the U.S. government. The Tax 

Reform Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax code by, among other things, transitions the U.S. tax system to a new territorial 
system and lowered the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018.  In fiscal 2018, the Company's statutory 
federal corporate tax rate was a blended rate of 24.5%, which was reduced to 21% in fiscal 2019 and thereafter.  U.S. GAAP requires that the 
impact of tax legislation be recognized in the period in which the law was enacted.

In transitioning to the new territorial tax system, the Tax Reform Act required the Company to include certain untaxed foreign earnings 
of non-U.S. subsidiaries in its fiscal 2018 taxable income.  Such foreign earnings were subject to a one-time tax at 15.5% of the amount held 

F- 11

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

in cash or cash equivalents and at 8% on the remaining non-cash amount.  The 15.5% and 8% tax, collectively referred to as the "transition 
tax", was estimated to be $0.3 million on foreign undistributed earnings of approximately $1.8 million. 

While the Tax Reform Act provides for the full deduction of future foreign earnings (beyond the $1.8 million subject to the transition tax 

noted above) paid to U.S. parent corporations in the form of dividends, the Company continues to consider all such foreign earnings to be 
indefinitely reinvested overseas.  The Tax Reform Act provided two new sections dealing with how all future foreign earnings are taxed.  The 
first section deals with foreign earnings originating outside the U.S., called Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GLTI), which annually taxes at 
13.125% in the U.S., foreign earnings above a 10% return on invested foreign assets.  The second new section, Foreign-Derived Intangible 
Income (FDII) deals with benefiting U.S.A. exports by reducing the U.S. tax rate on FDII earnings from 21% to 13.125%.  The Company 
derives the vast majority of its taxable income in the U.S.A.  While both GLTI and FDII are estimated to be immaterial to the Company, it is 
anticipated that FDII tax benefits will fully offset GLTI taxes in the coming years.

As a result of the Tax Reform Act, the Company recorded a provisional tax benefit of $16.3 million due to the remeasurement of its 

deferred tax assets and liabilities, inclusive of a $0.2 million transition tax, in the three months ended December 30, 2017.  Upon further 
analysis and refinement of its calculations, the Company completed its remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and adjusted its 
provisional amount by recording an additional tax benefit of $5.2 million during its fiscal quarter ended September 29, 2018, for a total 2018 
tax benefit of $21.5 million. No additional adjustments were required in fiscal 2019.

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - The Company considers cash and all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 

three months or less at date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents.  Restricted cash includes cash and highly liquid instruments that 
are used as collateral for stand-alone letter of credit agreements related to normal business transactions.  These agreements require the 
Company to maintain specified amounts of cash as collateral in segregated accounts to support the letters of credit issued thereunder, which 
will affect the amount of cash the Company has available for other uses.  The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash 
equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the condensed consolidated statements of 
cash flows as of September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively (in thousands).

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

$

$

497,749

12,952

510,701

$

$

482,106

10,899

493,005

$

$

32,397

12,645

45,042

Accounts receivable are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus 

trade receivables do not bear interest, although a finance charge may be applied to such receivables that are past due. 

Allowance for doubtful accounts – Trade accounts receivable are regularly evaluated for collectability based on past credit history with 

customers, their current financial condition and their expected deductions. See Note 5 - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.

Inventories, which primarily consist of garden products and pet supplies finished goods, are stated at the lower of FIFO cost or market. 

Cost includes certain indirect purchasing, merchandise handling and storage costs incurred to acquire or manufacture inventory, costs to 
unload, process and put away shipments received in order to prepare them to be picked for orders, and certain other overhead costs. The 
amount of such costs capitalized to inventory is computed based on an estimate of costs related to the procurement and processing of 
inventory to prepare it for sale compared to total product purchases. See Note 6 -  Inventories, net.

Land, buildings, improvements and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over 30 years 

for buildings. Improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the terms of the related 
leases. Depreciation on equipment and capitalized software is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of three 
to 10 years. See Note 7 - Property and Equipment, Net. 

Long-Lived Assets – The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including amortizable and indefinite-lived intangible assets and 

property, plant and equipment, for potential impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable, and annually for indefinite-lived intangible assets. An impairment loss would be 
recognized for amortizable intangible assets and property, plant and equipment when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to 
result from the use of the asset are less than its carrying amount. An impairment loss would be recognized for an intangible asset with an 
indefinite useful life if its carrying value exceeds its fair value. Impairment, if any, is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of 
a long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. There were no impairment losses recorded in fiscal years 2018 or 2017.  As a result of one of our 
retail customers exiting the live fish business, factors indicating the carrying value of certain amortizable intangible assets may not be 

F- 12

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

recoverable were present during the quarter ended March 30, 2019.  The Company performed impairment testing on these assets, found the 
carrying value was not recoverable, and accordingly, recorded an impairment charge in its Pet segment of approximately $2.5 million as part 
of selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019. 
Should market conditions or the assumptions used by the Company in determining the fair value of assets change, or management changes 
plans regarding the future use of certain assets, additional charges to operations may be required in the period in which such conditions 
occur. See Note 9 – Other Intangible Assets. 

Goodwill represents the excess of cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations are recorded 
based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but must be evaluated for impairment annually. 
The Company tests for goodwill impairment annually or whenever events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not 
reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. See Note 8– Goodwill. 

Investments – The Company owns membership interests ranging from 7% to 50% in ten unconsolidated companies. The Company 

accounts for its interest in these entities using the equity method and in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 321 - 
Investments - Equity Securities, (formerly known as cost method). Equity method income of $1.2 million in fiscal 2019, equity method losses 
of $2.8 million in fiscal 2018 and equity method income of  $0.9 million in fiscal 2017 are included in other income (expense) in the 
consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s investment in these entities was $12.1 million at September 28, 2019 and $18.5 
million at September 29, 2018 and is included in Other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. On an individual and combined 
basis, the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of these entities are not significant. See Note 3 - Acquisitions.

Insurance – The Company maintains insurance for certain risks, including workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability, 

and is self-insured for employee related health care benefits. The Company’s workers’ compensation, general liability and vehicle liability 
insurance policies include deductibles of $250,000 to $350,000 per occurrence. The Company maintains excess loss insurance that covers 
any health care claims in excess of $700,000 per person per year. The Company establishes reserves for losses based on its claims 
experience and actuarial estimates of the ultimate loss amount inherent in the claims, including claims incurred but not yet reported. Costs 
are recognized in the period the claim is incurred, and the financial statement accruals include an estimate of claims incurred but not yet 
reported.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – At September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, the carrying amount of cash and cash 
equivalents, short term investments, accounts receivable and payable, short term borrowings and accrued liabilities approximates fair value 
because of the short term nature of these instruments. The estimated fair value of the Company’s senior subordinated notes is based on 
quoted market prices for these instruments. See Note 2 - Fair Value Measurements for further information regarding the fair value of the 
Company’s financial instruments. 

Stock-Based Compensation – Stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and 
is expensed ratably over the service period of the award. Total compensation costs recognized under all share-based arrangements in fiscal 
2019 was $14.7 million ($11.1 million after tax), fiscal 2018 was $11.6 million ($8.4 million after tax), and fiscal 2017 was $11.1 million ($7.0 
million after tax). See Note 13 - Stock-Based Compensation for further information. 

Total Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Total comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components: net income and other 

comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to gains and losses that under generally accepted accounting 
principles are recorded directly as an element of shareholders’ equity, but are excluded from net income, and is comprised of currency 
translation adjustments relating to the Company’s foreign subsidiary whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASC Topic 606, which replaces numerous requirements in U.S. 
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"), including industry-specific requirements, and provides companies with a single revenue 
recognition model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. On September 30, 2018, the beginning of the Company’s fiscal 
year 2019, the Company adopted the requirements of ASC Topic 606 using the modified retrospective method. Upon completing its 
implementation assessment of ASC Topic 606, the Company concluded that no adjustment was required to the opening balance of retained 
earnings at the date of initial application. The comparative information has also not been restated and continues to be reported under the 

F- 13

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

accounting standards in effect for those periods. Additional disclosures required by ASC Topic 606 are presented within the Revenue 
Recognition policy disclosure and in Note 18 - Segment Information.

On the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, reserves for customer product returns and return allowances are now 
included as part of accrued expenses, rather than accounts receivable, net, and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales 
returns is included within prepaid and other current assets.

Had the Company not adopted the provisions under this ASU, its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 28, 2019 

would have been presented as follows (in thousands):

As Reported
September 28,
2019

Adjustments

Balances without
Adoption of ASC
Topic 606
September 28,
2019

$

$

$

$

$

300,135

30,160

1,307,193

129,166

278,525

$

$

$

$

$

(7,839)

(5,218)

(13,057)

(13,057)

(13,057)

$

$

$

$

$

292,296

24,942

1,294,136

116,109

265,468

Current assets

Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts

Prepaid expenses and other

Total current assets

Current liabilities

Accrued expenses

Total current liabilities

Statement of Cash Flows

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and 

Cash Payments (ASU 2016-15). The ASU provides additional clarification guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and 
payments in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the provisions of this guidance as of September 30, 2018 on a retrospective 
basis.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the 
FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (ASU 2016-18). This ASU clarifies the presentation of restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. 
Amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when 
reconciling the beginning and ending cash balances on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the provisions under this ASU on 
September 30, 2018, on a retrospective basis.  This resulted in an increase in beginning of period and end of period cash, cash equivalents 
and restricted cash of $10.9 million and $12.6 million, respectively, and a increase of $1.7 million of cash used in investing activities and a 
$1.7 million decrease in cash used in investing activities to the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the fiscal years ended 
September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively.

Business Combinations

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASU 2017-01), which requires an 
evaluation of whether substantially all of the fair value of assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar 
identifiable assets. If so, the transaction does not qualify as a business. The guidance also requires an acquired business to include at least 
one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs. The Company adopted the provisions of this guidance as of September 30, 
2018 and has accounted for subsequent acquisitions in accordance with this guidance.

Income Taxes

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Accounting for Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Asset Transfers of Assets Other Than 
Inventory (Topic 740).  ASU 2016-16 amends accounting guidance for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory to require the 
recognition of taxes when the transfer occurs.  The amendment was effective for the Company September 30, 2018.  A modified retrospective 
approach is required for transition to the new guidance, with a cumulative-effect adjustment consisting of the net impact from (1) the write-off 
of any unamortized expense previously deferred and (2) recognition of any previously unrecognized deferred tax assets, net of any valuation 

F- 14

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

allowance.  The new guidance does not include any specific new disclosure requirements.  Adoption of this guidance in the first quarter of 
fiscal 2019 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Financial Instruments

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and 

Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated guidance enhances the reporting model for financial instruments, 
which includes amendments to address aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure. The guidance requires equity 
investments, excluding equity method investments or investees that are consolidated, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value 
recognized in net income and enhanced disclosures about those investments. The guidance also simplifies the impairment assessments of 
equity investments without readily determinable fair value. The Company adopted the ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and the adoption 
of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 (ASU 2016-02), Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires companies to recognize 

on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets and disclose key information about 
leasing information.   Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; 
ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. The new standard establishes a 
right-of-use model (ROU) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term 
longer than 12 months.  Leases will be classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense 
recognition in the statement of operations.

The new standard is effective for the Company commencing in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and the Company adopted the new 
standard on its effective date.  A modified retrospective transition approach is required, applying the new standard to all leases existing at the 
date of initial application.  An entity may choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period 
presented in the financial statements as its date of initial application.  If an entity chooses the second option, the transition requirements for 
existing leases also apply to leases entered into between the date of initial application and the effective date.  The entity must also recast its 
comparative period financial statements and provide the disclosures required by the new standard for the comparative periods.  The 
Company adopted the new standard on September 29, 2019 and used the effective date as our date of initial application.  Consequently, 
financial information will not be updated and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods 
before September 29, 2019.

The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition.  The Company elected the 'package of practical 

expedients,' which permit it to not reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and 
initial direct costs.  The Company did not elect the use-of-hindsight or the practical expedient pertaining to land easements; the latter not 
being applicable to it.  

The new standard also provides practical expedients for an entity's ongoing accounting. The Company has elected the short-term 
lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify.  This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company will not recognize ROU assets 
or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition.  The Company also elected the practical expedient to not 
separate lease and non-lease components for all its leases. 

The Company expects this standard will have a material effect on its financial statements.  While the Company continues to assess all 

of the effects of adoption, the Company currently believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new ROU assets and 
lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its production equipment, vehicle and real estate operating leases and (2) providing significant new 
disclosures about its leasing activities.  

On adoption, the Company will recognize additional operating liabilities in excess of $110 million, based on the present value of the 

remaining minimum rental payments under current leasing standards for existing operating leases.  The Company will also recognize 
corresponding ROU assets based upon the operating lease liabilities, adjusted for prepaid and deferred rents on the effective date.   

 Information on our current operating leases can be found in Note 11 - Commitments and Contingencies.

F- 15

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. 

The new guidance simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by removing the second step of the two-step impairment test. The 
amendment requires an entity to perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its 
carrying amount. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative 
impairment test is necessary. The new guidance is effective for annual periods or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2019, or the Company's first quarter of fiscal 2021. The amendment should be applied on a prospective basis. 
Based on the Company's most recent annual goodwill impairment test performed as of July 1, 2018, there were no reporting units for which 
the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeded its fair value; therefore, this ASU would not currently have an impact on the Company's 
consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. However, if upon adoption the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair 
value, the Company would be impacted by the amount of impairment recognized.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), 

Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. This ASU aligns the 
requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for 
capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use 
software license). ASU 2018-15 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual 
periods, with early adoption permitted, and is effective for the Company in fiscal 2021. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either 
retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the effect 
that ASU 2018-15 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Fair Value Disclosures

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Disclosure Framework-Changes to the 

Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by 
removing, modifying or adding certain disclosures. ASU 2018-13 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and 
interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted and is effective for the Company in fiscal 2021. The amendments 
on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair 
value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent 
interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods 
presented upon their effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that ASU 2018-13 will have on its consolidated financial 
statements and related disclosures.

F- 16

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

2. Fair Value Measurements

Generally accepted accounting principles require financial assets and liabilities to be categorized based on the inputs used to calculate 

their fair values as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that 

market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk).

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and equivalents, restricted cash and equivalents, short term investments, accounts 

receivable and payable, derivative instruments, short-term borrowings, and accrued liabilities. The carrying amount of these instruments 
approximates fair value because of their short-term nature.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis based upon the 

level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall, as of September 28, 2019 (in  thousands): 

Liabilities:

Liability for contingent consideration (a)

Total liabilities

$
$

— $
— $

— $
— $

7,369
7,369

$
$

7,369
7,369

Level 1    

Level 2    

Level 3    

Total    

The following table presents our financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis based upon the level within the fair 

value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall, as of September 29, 2018 (in thousands):

Liabilities:

Liability for contingent consideration (a)

Total liabilities

$
$

— $
— $

— $
— $

8,224
8,224

$
$

8,224
8,224

Level 1    

Level 2    

Level 3    

Total    

(a)  The liability for contingent consideration relates to an earn-out for B2E, acquired in December 2012, future performance-based 

contingent payments for Hydro-Organics Wholesale, Inc., acquired in October 2015 and future performance-based contingent payments 
for Segrest, Inc., acquired in October 2016. The fair value of the estimated contingent consideration arrangement is determined based 
on the Company’s evaluation as to the probability and amount of any earn-out that will be achieved based on expected future 
performance by the acquired entity. This is presented as part of long-term liabilities in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of the Company's Level 3 financial instruments for the years ended 

September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 (in thousands):

Balance as of September 29, 2018

Estimated contingent performance-based consideration established at the time of acquisition

Changes in the fair value of contingent performance-based payments

Performance-based payments made
Balance as of September 28, 2019

Amount

8,224

—

(685)

(170)
7,369

$

$

F- 17

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The Company measures certain non-financial assets and liabilities, including long-lived assets, goodwill and intangible assets, at fair 

value on a non-recurring basis. Fair value measurements of non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities are used primarily in the 
impairment analyses of long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets. There were no impairment losses recorded in fiscal 2018.  As 
a result of one of our retail customers exiting the live fish business, factors indicating the carrying value of certain amortizable intangible 
assets may not be recoverable were present during the quarter ended March 30, 2019.  The Company performed impairment testing on 
these assets, found the carrying value was not recoverable, and accordingly, recorded an impairment charge in its Pet segment of 
approximately $2.5 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal 
year ended September 28, 2019.

In February 2019, the Company purchased the remaining 55% interest in Arden Companies, a manufacturer of outdoor cushions and 
pillows, for $13.4 million.  Accordingly, the Company remeasured its previously held investment at its acquisition-date fair value and recorded 
a gain of approximately $3.2 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of 
operations. 

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

In December 2017, the Company issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due February 2028 (the 
"2028 Notes").  The estimated fair value of the Company's 2028 Notes as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 was $307.1 
million and $285.5 million, respectively, compared to a carrying value of  $296.1 million and $295.6 million, respectively.

In November 2015, the Company issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior notes due November 2023 (the 

“2023 Notes”). The estimated fair values of the Company’s 2023 Notes were $414.6 million and $414.4 million as of September 28, 2019 and 
September 29, 2018, and the carrying values were $396.7 million and $396.0 million as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018. 
The estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices for these notes, which are Level 1 inputs within the fair value hierarchy.

3. Acquisitions and Investments in Joint Ventures 

Fiscal 2019

C&S Products

In May 2019, the Company purchased C&S Products, a manufacturer of suet and other wild bird feed products, to complement our 

existing wild bird feed business for approximately $30.0 million.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $4.7 million of cash was used 
to eliminate the acquired long-term debt.  The purchase price exceeded the estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired by 
approximately $3.2 million, which is included in other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of September 28, 2019.  The 
Company has not yet finalized the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the tangible assets, intangible assets and liabilities 
acquired.  The financial results of C&S Products have been included in the results of operations within the Pet segment since the date of 
acquisition.

Arden Companies

In February 2019, the Company purchased the remaining 55% interest in Arden Companies, a manufacturer of outdoor cushions and 

pillows, for $13.4 million.  Accordingly, the Company remeasured its previously held investment at its acquisition-date fair value and recorded 
a gain of approximately $3.2 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of 
operations.  The purchase price exceeded the estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired by approximately $15.8 million, of 
which $10.9 million was allocated to identified intangible assets and approximately $4.9 million was included in goodwill in the Company's 
consolidated balance sheet as of September 28, 2019.  Subsequent to the acquisition, approximately $36 million of cash was used to 
eliminate most of the acquired long-term debt.  Financial results of Arden have been included in the results of operations within the Garden 
segment since the date of acquisition of the remaining 55% interest.  The following table summarizes the purchase price and recording of fair 
values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and subsequent adjustments.

F- 18

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Amounts Previously
Recognized as of
Acquisition Date (1)

Measurement Period
Adjustments

Amounts
Recognized as  of
Acquisition Date
(as Adjusted)

(In thousands)

Current assets, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired

$

Fixed assets

Other Assets

Goodwill

Intangible assets

Current liabilities

Short-term debt

Long-term debt

Fair value of the Company's initial investment

$

51,211

6,311

14,868

—

—

(19,853)

(22,000)

(19,400)

—

Net assets acquired, less cash and cash equivalents

$

11,137

$

$

1,540

5,376

(14,868)

4,900

10,930

—

—

—

(7,878)

—

$

52,751

11,687

—

4,900

10,930

(19,853)

(22,000)

(19,400)

(7,878)

11,137

(1) As previously reported in the Company's Form 10-Q for the period ended March 30, 2019 and June 29, 2019.

The Company expects all the goodwill from the acquisition above to be deductible for tax purposes.

The impact to the consolidated statement of operations associated with the finalization of purchase accounting and true-up of 

intangible assets for Arden Companies was immaterial.

Proforma financial information has not been presented as the C&S Products and Arden Companies acquisitions were not considered 

material to the Company's overall consolidated financial statements during the periods presented.

Fiscal 2018

General Pet Supply

On April 2, 2018, the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of General Pet Supply, a leading Midwestern U.S. supplier of 
pet food and supplies for a purchase price of approximately $24.3 million. The purchase price exceeded the estimated fair value of the net 
tangible assets acquired by approximately $13.6 million, of which $8.1 million was allocated to identified intangible assets and approximately 
$5.5 million was included in goodwill in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of September 29, 2018. Financial results of General 
Pet Supply have been included in the results of operations within the Pet segment since the date of acquisition. The following table 
summarizes the purchase price and recording of fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and 
subsequent adjustments.

In thousands

Current assets, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired

Fixed assets

Goodwill

Other assets

Other intangible assets, net

Current liabilities

Long-term obligations

Net assets acquired, less cash and cash equivalents

Amounts
Previously
Recognized as of
Acquisition Date
(1)

Measurement
Period
Adjustments

$

$

12,991

1,014

—

14,147

—

(3,506)

(361)

24,285

$

$

F- 19

Amounts
Recognized as
of Acquisition
Date (as
Adjusted)

$

12,991

—

516

5,520

(14,136)

8,100

—

—

$

1,530

5,520

11

8,100

(3,506)

(361)

24,285

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(1) As previously reported in the Company's Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2018.

The impact to the consolidated statement of operations associated with the finalization of purchase accounting and true-up of 

intangible assets for General Pet Supply was immaterial.

Bell Nursery

On March 12, 2018, the Company purchased Bell Nursery Holdings, LLC ("Bell"), a leading grower and distributor of live flowers and 

plants in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States, for a purchase price of approximately $61 million plus contingent consideration of up to 
$10 million. The purchase price exceeded the estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired by approximately $13.6 million, of 
which $6.2 million was allocated to identified intangible assets and $7.4 million was included in goodwill in the Company's consolidated 
balance sheet as of September 29, 2018. Financial results of Bell have been included in the results of operations within the Garden segment 
since the date of acquisition. The following table summarizes the purchase price and recording of fair values of the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and subsequent adjustments.

In thousands

Amounts Previously
Recognized as of
Acquisition Date (1)

Measurement Period
Adjustments

Amounts Recognized
as of Acquisition Date
(as Adjusted)

Current assets, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired

$

28,330

$

(359)

$

Fixed assets

Goodwill

Other assets

Other intangible assets, net

Current liabilities

Net assets acquired, less cash and cash equivalents

$

30,278

—

11,647

—

(11,611)

58,644

$

383

7,415

(11,647)

6,230

(2,022)

— $

27,971

30,661

7,415

—

6,230

(13,633)

58,644

(1) As previously reported in the Company's Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018.

The impact to the consolidated statement of operations associated with the finalization of purchase accounting and true-up of 

intangible assets for Bell was immaterial.

The Company expects all the goodwill from the acquisitions above to be deductible for tax purposes.

Investments

During fiscal 2019, the Company made investments totaling $2.0 million in two ventures, which are accounted for in accordance with 

ASC 321.

During fiscal 2018, the Company made investments ranging from 13% to 20% in three ventures.  The Company invested a total of $9.0 

million in these businesses, which are accounted for under ASC 321 and equity method of accounting.

F- 20

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Fiscal 2017

K&H Manufacturing, LLC

On April 28, 2017, the Company purchased K&H Manufacturing, LLC ("K&H"), a producer of premium pet supplies and the largest 

marketer of heated pet products in the country, for a purchase price of approximately $48.0 million. The purchase price exceeded the 
estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired by approximately $41.2 million, of which $29.2 million was allocated to identified 
intangible assets and approximately $12 million is included in goodwill in the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of September 29, 
2018.  Financial results of K&H have been included in the results of operations within the Pet segment since the date of acquisition.  The 
following table summarizes the purchase price and recording of fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition 
date and subsequent adjustments.

Amounts Previously
Recognized as of
Acquisition Date (1)

Measurement Period
Adjustments

Amounts Recognized
as of Acquisition Date
(as Adjusted)

In thousands

Current assets, net of cash and cash equivalents
acquired
Fixed assets

$

Other assets

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Current liabilities

Net assets acquired, less cash and cash equivalents

$

5,439
315

41,781

—

—

(757)

46,778

$

$

613
—

(41,781)

11,968

29,200

—

—

$

$

6,052
315

—

11,968

29,200

(757)

46,778

        (1) As previously reported in the Company's Form 10-Q for the periods ended June 24, 2017 and December 30, 2017, and the 
Company's Form 10-K for the period ended September 30, 2017.

Segrest Inc.

On October 21, 2016, the Company acquired Segrest, Inc., a wholesaler of aquarium fish and small live animals, for a purchase price 
of approximately $60.0 million, of which $6.0 million is in an escrow account managed by an independent trustee and is payable contingent 
upon future events. The purchase price exceeded the estimated fair value of the net tangible assets acquired by approximately $44.4 million, 
of which $27.7 million was allocated to identified intangible assets and $25.9 million is included in goodwill in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheet as of September 28, 2019. Financial results for Segrest have been included in the results of operations within the Pet segment 
since the date of acquisition.  The following table summarizes the purchase price and the recording of fair values of the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and subsequent adjustments (in thousands): 

F- 21

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Amounts Previously
Recognized as of
Acquisition Date (1)

Measurement Period
Adjustments

Amounts Recognized
as of Acquisition Date
(as Adjusted)

Purchase Price

Cash paid, net of cash acquired

Contingent consideration

Allocation

Current assets, net of cash and cash equivalents
acquired

Fixed assets

Other assets

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Current liabilities

Deferred Tax Liability

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

54,043

6,000

60,043

7,403

7,011

47,704

(2,075)

60,043

$

—

(3,300)

(3,300)

(300)

2,242

(47,704)

25,890

27,650

(11,078)

(3,300)

$

$

$

$

54,043

2,700

56,743

7,103

9,253

—

25,890

27,650

(2,075)

(11,078)

56,743

(1) As previously reported in the Company's Form 10-Q for the periods ended December 24, 2016, March 25, 2017 and June 24, 2017.

Proforma financial information has not been presented as the Segrest and K&H acquisitions were not considered material to the 

Company's overall consolidated financial statements during the periods presented.

Equity Method Investments

During fiscal 2017, the Company made investments in two ventures. The Company acquired a 45% interest in a mature, seasonal 
business and a 30% interest in a start-up company. The Company invested a total of $12.5 million in these businesses, which are accounted 
for under the equity method of accounting. 

4. Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers and Suppliers

Customer Concentration – Approximately 49% of the Company’s net sales for fiscal 2019, 48% for fiscal 2018 and 44% for fiscal 2017 

were derived from sales to the Company’s top five customers. The Company’s largest customer accounted for approximately 16% of the 
Company’s net sales in each of the fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017. The Company’s second largest customer in 2019 accounted for 
approximately 12% of the Company’s net sales in fiscal year 2019, 11% of the Company's net sales in the fiscal year 2018 and 8% in fiscal 
year 2017. The Company’s third largest customer in 2019 accounted for approximately 9% of the Company’s net sales in the fiscal year 2019 
and 8% in fiscal years 2018 and 2017, respectively. The loss of, or significant adverse change in, the relationship between the Company and 
any of these three customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and financial results. The loss of or reduction 
in orders from any significant customer, losses arising from customer disputes regarding shipments, fees, merchandise condition or related 
matters, or the Company’s inability to collect accounts receivable from any major customer could also have a material adverse impact on the 
Company’s business and financial results. As of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, accounts receivable from the Company’s top 
five customers comprised approximately 46% of the Company’s total accounts receivable, including 11% and 14% from the Company’s 
largest customer. 

Supplier Concentration – While the Company purchases products from many different manufacturers and suppliers, approximately 6%, 

8% and 9% of the Company’s cost of goods sold in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, were derived from products purchased 
from the Company’s five largest suppliers. 

F- 22

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

5. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The allowance for doubtful accounts includes reserves for collectability determined by past credit history with customers, their current 

financial condition and their expected deductions. 

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are summarized below (in thousands): 

Description
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017
Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018
Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Balances at
Beginning
of Period

Charged/
(Credited)  to
Costs and
Expenses

Asset
Write-Offs,
Less
Recoveries

Reclassification of
Product Return
Reserve

Balances at
End of
Period

21,069
21,436
24,125

2,921
2,132
6,906

(2,554)
557
(3,438)

—
—
(6,465)

21,436
24,125
21,128

The allowance for doubtful accounts includes reserves for expected returns of $6.5 million and $6.9 million as of September 29, 2018, 

and September 30, 2017, respectively.  The Company began recording reserves for expected returns as part of accrued expenses on the 
consolidated balance sheet upon its adoption of ASC Topic 606.  Accordingly, $6.5 million was reclassified out of the allowance for doubtful 
accounts at the beginning of the Company's first fiscal quarter of 2019.

6. Inventories, net

Inventories, net of allowance for obsolescence, consist of the following (in thousands):

Raw materials
Work in progress
Finished goods
Supplies
Total inventories, net

7. Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands): 

Land
Buildings and improvements
Transportation equipment
Machine and warehouse equipment
Capitalized software
Office furniture and equipment
Assets under construction

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

145,331
51,154
255,870
13,842
466,197

$

$

117,539
35,691
263,845
10,748
427,823

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

17,396
179,398
9,651
255,943
116,353
30,016
15,574
624,331
(378,926)
245,405

$

$

14,183
154,787
9,348
227,727
114,878
27,734
24,015
572,672
(355,025)
217,647

$

$

$

$

Depreciation and amortization expense, including the amortization of intangible assets, charged to operations was $50.8 million, $47.2 

million and $42.7 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

F- 23

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

8. Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the fiscal years ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 

2017 (in thousands):  

Balance as of September 24, 2016

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Additions in fiscal 2017
Write off related to sale of business

Balance as of September 30, 2017

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Additions in fiscal 2018
Balance as of September 29, 2018

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Additions in fiscal 2019
Balance as of September 28, 2019

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Garden Products
Segment

Pet Products
Segment

Total

$

$

$

219,056
(213,583)
5,473
—
—

219,056
(213,583)
5,473
7,415

226,471
(213,583)
12,888
4,900

$

421,890
(195,978)
225,912
25,890
(1,000)

446,780
(195,978)
250,802
17,487

464,267
(195,978)
268,289
—

231,371
(213,583)
17,788

$

464,267
(195,978)
268,289

$

640,946
(409,561)
231,385
25,890
(1,000)

665,836
(409,561)
256,275
24,902

690,738
(409,561)
281,177
4,900

695,638
(409,561)
286,077

Additions or reductions to goodwill include acquisitions, sale of businesses, purchase price adjustments and adjustments of amounts 

upon finalization of purchase accounting.

The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually (as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter), or whenever events occur or 

circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount, by first assessing 
qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  If it is 
determined that it is more likely than not the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, it is unnecessary to perform the 
two-step goodwill impairment test.  If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less  than its 
carrying amount, the two-step test is performed to identify potential goodwill impairment.  Based on certain circumstances, the Company may 
elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test, which 
compares the fair value of the Company’s reporting units to their related carrying values, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting 
unit is less than its carrying value, the Company performs an additional step to determine the implied fair value of goodwill associated with 
that reporting unit. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by first allocating the fair value of the reporting unit to all of its assets and 
liabilities and then computing the excess of the reporting unit’s fair value over the amounts assigned to the assets and liabilities. If the 
carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, such excess represents the amount of goodwill impairment, and, 
accordingly, the Company recognizes such impairment. The Company’s goodwill impairment analysis also includes a comparison of the 
aggregate estimated fair value of its two reporting units to the Company’s total market capitalization.

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. The estimate of fair value of 

each of the Company’s reporting units is based on the Company’s projection of revenues, gross margin, operating costs and cash flows 
considering historical and estimated future results, general economic and market conditions as well as the impact of planned business and 
operational strategies. The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable at the time, but 
such assumptions are subject to inherent uncertainty. Assumptions critical to the Company’s fair value estimates were: (i) discount rates used 
in determining the fair value of the reporting units; (ii) estimated future cash flows; and (iii) projected revenue and operating profit growth rates 
used in the reporting unit models. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The valuations employ present value techniques to measure 
fair value and consider market factors.

F- 24

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

In connection with the Company’s annual goodwill impairment testing performed during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, the Company 
made a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment to determine whether it was necessary to calculate the fair values of 
its reporting units under the two-step goodwill impairment test.  The Company completed its qualitative assessment of potential goodwill 
impairment  in each fiscal year and it was determined that it was more likely than not the fair values of the Company's reporting units were 
greater than their carrying amounts in each fiscal year, and accordingly, no further testing of goodwill was required in fiscal 2019 and 2018.

9. Other Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the components of gross and net acquired intangible assets:

Gross

Accumulated
Amortization

(in millions)

Accumulated
Impairment

Net
Carrying
Value

$

(16.3) $

— $

September 28, 2019

Marketing-related intangible assets – amortizable

$

Marketing-related intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

Customer-related intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

Total other intangible assets

September 29, 2018

Marketing-related intangible assets – amortizable

Marketing-related intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

Customer-related intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

Total other intangible assets

September 30, 2017

Marketing-related intangible assets – amortizable

Marketing-related intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

Customer-related intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – amortizable

Other acquired intangible assets – nonamortizable

Total

$

$

$

$

19.7

70.6

90.3

138.4

26.0

7.1

33.1

261.8

18.6

70.6

89.2

128.3

25.4

7.8

33.2

250.7

16.9

62.7

79.6

91.6

22.1

7.8

29.9

$

$

$

$

—

(16.3)

(53.3)

(16.4)

—

(16.4)

(26.0)

(26.0)

(2.5)

—

(1.2)

(1.2)

(86.0) $

(29.7) $

(14.2) $

— $

—

(14.2)

(42.5)

(14.5)

—

(14.5)

(26.0)

(26.0)

—

—

(1.2)

(1.2)

(12.7) $

— $

—

(12.7)

(32.2)

(12.9)

—

(12.9)

(26.0)

(26.0)

—

—

(1.2)

(1.2)

3.4

44.6

48.0

82.6

9.6

5.9

15.5

146.1

4.4

44.6

49.0

85.8

10.9

6.6

17.5

4.2

36.7

40.9

59.4

9.2

6.6

15.8

116.1

(71.2) $

(27.2) $

152.3

Total other intangible assets

$

201.1

$

(57.8) $

(27.2) $

Other acquired intangible assets include contract-based and technology-based intangible assets.

As part of its acquisition of the remaining 55% interest in Arden Companies in the second quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company acquired 

approximately $1.0 million of marketing related intangible assets and $9.9 million of customer related intangible assets.  See Note 3 – 
Acquisitions.

As part of its acquisition of K&H in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, Bell Nursery in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 and General Pet 

Supply during the third quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company acquired approximately $9.6 million of marketing related intangible assets, $36.7 
million of customer related intangible assets and $3.3 million of other intangible assets.  See Note 3 – Acquisitions.

F- 25

 
 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

As part of its acquisition of Segrest, Inc. in the first quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company acquired approximately $2.0 million of 

marketing related intangible assets, $27.3 million of customer related intangible assets and $1.3 million of other intangible assets. See Note 3 
– Acquisitions.

The Company evaluates long-lived assets, including amortizable and indefinite-lived intangible assets, for impairment whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable.  The Company evaluates indefinite-lived intangible 
assets on an annual basis.  Factors indicating the carrying value of the Company's amortizable intangible assets may not be recoverable 
were not present in fiscal 2018, and accordingly, no impairment testing was performed on these assets.  As a result of one of our retail 
customers exiting the live fish business, factors indicating the carrying value of certain amortizable intangible assets may not be recoverable 
were present during the quarter ended March 30, 2019.  The Company performed impairment testing on these assets, found the carrying 
value was not recoverable, and accordingly, recorded an impairment charge in its Pet segment of approximately $2.5 million as part of 
selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019.

The Company is currently amortizing its acquired intangible assets with definite lives over periods ranging from three years to 25 years; 

over weighted average remaining lives of four years for marketing-related intangibles, 9 years for customer-related intangibles and 10 years 
for other acquired intangibles. Amortization expense for intangibles subject to amortization was approximately $14.5 million, $12.7 million and 
$8.8 million, for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and is classified within operating expenses in the consolidated statements of 
operations. Estimated annual amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets in each of the succeeding five years is estimated to 
be approximately $12 million per year from fiscal 2020 through fiscal 2024.

.

10. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

September 28,
2019

September 29,
2018

(in thousands)

Senior notes, interest at 6.125%, payable semi-annually, principal due November 2023
Senior notes, interest at 5.125%, payable semi-annually, principal due February 2028
Unamortized debt issuance costs
Net carrying value

Asset-based revolving credit facility, interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.00% to
1.50% or Base Rate plus a margin of 0.0% to 0.50%, final maturity September 2024

Asset-based revolving credit facility, interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25% to
1.50% or Base Rate plus a margin of 0.25% to 0.50%, final maturity April 2021
Other notes payable
Total
Less current portion
Long-term portion

$

$

$

400,000
300,000
(7,158)
692,842

400,000
300,000
(8,425)
691,575

—

—

—
308
693,150
(113)
693,037

$

—
578
692,153
(122)
692,031

Senior Notes

$300 million 5.125% Senior Notes

On December 14, 2017, the Company issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due February 2028 (the 

"2028 Notes").  The Company will use the net proceeds from the offering to finance future acquisitions and for general corporate purposes.

The Company incurred approximately $4.8 million of debt issuance costs in conjunction with this transaction, which included 

underwriter fees and legal, accounting and rating agency expenses.  The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the term of the 2028 
Notes.

F- 26

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The 2028 Notes require semiannual interest payments on February 1 and August 1, commencing August 1, 2018.  The 2028 Notes are 
unconditionally guaranteed on a senior basis by the Company's existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries who are borrowers under 
or guarantors of Central's senior secured revolving credit facility or who guarantee the 2023 Notes.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at any time, at its option, prior to January 1, 2023 at the principal amount 
plus a “make whole” premium. At any time prior to January 1, 2021, the Company may also redeem, at its option, up to 35% of the original 
aggregate principal amount of the notes with the proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 105.125% of the principal 
amount of the notes. The Company may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes, at its option, at any time on or after January 1, 2023 for 
102.563%, on or after January 1, 2024 for 101.708%, on or after January 1, 2025 for 100.854%, and on or after January 1, 2026 for 100.0%, 
plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The holders of the 2028 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of the 2028 Notes at a purchase price equal to 

101.0% of the principal amount of the notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of a change of control.

The 2028 Notes contain customary high yield covenants, including covenants limiting debt incurrence and restricted payments, subject 

to certain baskets and exceptions. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 28, 2019.

$400 million 6.125% Senior Notes

On November 9, 2015, the Company issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior notes due November 2023 (the 

"2023 Notes"). In December 2015, the Company used the net proceeds from the offering, together with available cash, to redeem its $400 
million aggregate principal amount of 8.25% senior subordinated notes due March 2018 ("2018 Notes") at a price of 102.063% of the 
principal amount and to pay fees and expenses related to the offering.  The 2023 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are 
subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future secured debt, including the Company’s Credit Facility, to the extent of the value of 
the collateral securing such indebtedness.

The Company incurred approximately $6.3 million of debt issuance costs in conjunction with these transactions, which included 
underwriter fees and legal, accounting and rating agency expenses. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the term of the 2023 
Notes.

The 2023 Notes require semiannual interest payments on May 15 and November 15. The 2023 Notes are unconditionally guaranteed 
on a senior basis by each of the Company’s existing and future domestic restricted subsidiaries which are borrowers under or guarantors of 
Central’s senior secured revolving credit facility. The 2023 Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are subordinated to all of the 
Company’s existing and future secured debt, including the Company’s Credit Facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such 
indebtedness.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2023 Notes, at its option, at any time on or after November 15, 2019 for 103.063%, on or 

after November 15, 2020 for 101.531% and on or after November 15, 2021 for 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The holders of the 2023 Notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the 2023 Notes at a purchase 

price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of a change of 
control.

The 2023 Notes contain customary high yield covenants, including covenants limiting debt incurrence and restricted payments, subject 

to certain baskets and exceptions. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 28, 2019.

Asset-Based Loan Facility Amendment

On September 27, 2019, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit 
Agreement”).  The Amended Credit Agreement amends and restates the previous credit agreement dated April 22, 2106 and continues to 
provide up to a $400.0 million principal amount senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility, with up to an additional $200.0 million 
principal amount available with the consent of the Lenders, as defined, if the Company exercises the accordion feature set forth therein 
(collectively, the “Amended Credit Facility”). The Amended Credit Facility now matures on September 27, 2024.  The Company may borrow, 
repay and reborrow amounts under the Amended Credit Facility until its maturity date, at which time all amounts outstanding under the 
Amended Credit Facility must be repaid in full. 

The Amended Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base, reduced capacity due to reserves and certain other restrictions. The 
borrowing base is calculated using a formula initially based upon eligible receivables and inventory minus certain reserves, and was $400.0 
million at closing. The Amended Credit Facility also allows the Company to add real property to the borrowing base so long as the real 

F- 27

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

property is subject to a first priority lien in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders. The Company did not draw down 
any commitments under the Amended Credit Facility upon closing. Proceeds of the Amended Credit Facility will be used for general corporate 
purposes. The Amended Credit Facility includes a $50 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit and an increased $40 
million sublimit for short-notice borrowings.  As of September 28, 2019, there were no borrowings outstanding and no letters of credit 
outstanding under the Credit Facility. There were other letters of credit of $3.2 million outstanding as of September 28, 2019.

Borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility will bear interest at an index based on LIBOR or, at the option of the Company, the Base 
Rate (defined as the highest of (a) the SunTrust prime rate, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (c) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%), plus, 
in either case, an applicable margin based on the Company’s consolidated senior leverage ratio and (d) 0.00%. Such applicable margin for 
LIBOR-based borrowings fluctuates between 1.00%-1.50% (previously between 1.25% and 1.50%) and was 1.00% at the time of closing, 
and such applicable margin for Base Rate borrowings fluctuates between 0.00%-0.50% (previously 0.25%-0.50%), and was 0.00% at closing. 
An unused line fee shall be payable monthly in respect of the total amount of the unutilized Lenders’ commitments and short-notice 
borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility. Letter of credit fees at the applicable margin on the average undrawn and unreimbursed 
amount of letters of credit shall be payable monthly and a facing fee of 0.125% shall be paid on demand for the stated amount of each letter 
of credit. The Company is also required to pay certain fees to the administrative agent under the Amended Credit Facility. As of 
September 28, 2019, the applicable interest rate related to Base Rate borrowings was 5.0%, and the applicable interest rate related to 
LIBOR-based borrowings was 3.0%.

The Company incurred approximately $1.6 million of debt issuance costs in conjunction with this transaction, which included 

underwriter fees and legal expenses. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the term of the Amended Credit Facility.

The Amended Credit Facility continues to contain customary covenants, including financial covenants which require the Company to 

maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.00:1.00 upon triggered quarterly testing (e.g. when availability falls below certain 
thresholds established in the agreement), reporting requirements and events of default. The Amended Credit Facility is secured by 
substantially all assets of the borrowing parties, including (i) pledges of 100% of the stock or other equity interest of each domestic subsidiary 
that is directly owned by such entity and (ii) 65% of the stock or other equity interest of each foreign subsidiary that is directly owned by such 
entity.  The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility during the period ended 
September 28, 2019.

The scheduled principal repayments on long-term debt as of September 28, 2019 are as follows: 

Fiscal year:

2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

(in thousands)

$

$

113   
97   
80   
18   
400,000   
300,000   
700,308 (1)

(1)  Debt repayments do not reflect the unamortized portion of deferred financing costs associated with the 2023 Notes and 2028 Notes of 
$7.1 million as of September 28, 2019, of which, $3.2 million is amortizable until November 2023, and $3.9 million is amortizable until 
February 2028 and is included in the carrying value.

F- 28

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

11. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Letters of credit – The Company had $3.2 million of outstanding letters of credit related to normal business transactions at 

September 28, 2019. These agreements require the Company to maintain specified amounts of cash as collateral in segregated accounts to 
support the letters of credit issued thereunder, which will affect the amount of cash the Company has available for other uses. The amount of 
cash collateral in these segregated accounts was $12.9 million and $10.9 million as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, 
respectively, and is reflected in “Restricted cash” on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

Purchase commitments – Production and purchase agreements (primarily for grass seed and grains) entered into in the ordinary 
course of business may obligate the Company to make future purchases based on estimated yields. The terms of these contracts vary;  
some have fixed prices or quantities while others have variable pricing and quantities.  For certain agreements, management estimates are 
used to develop the quantities and pricing for anticipated purchases, and future purchases could vary significantly from such estimates. 

Leases – The Company has operating lease agreements principally for office and warehouse facilities and equipment. Such leases 

have remaining terms of one to 10 years. Rental expense was $41.7 million for fiscal 2019, $35.4 million for fiscal 2018 and $31.7 million for 
fiscal 2017 and is included in cost of goods sold and occupancy or selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's 
consolidated statements of operations. 

Certain facility leases have renewal options and include escalation clauses. Minimum lease payments include scheduled rent 

increases pursuant to these fixed escalation provisions.

Aggregate minimum annual payments on non-cancelable operating leases at September 28, 2019 are as follows:

Fiscal year:

2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

 Contingencies

(in thousands)

38,022
29,353
21,818
11,265
7,861
20,724
129,043

$

$

The Company may from time to time become involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Currently, the Company 
is not a party to any legal proceedings the resolution of which management believes could have a material effect on the Company’s financial 
position or results of operations with the exception of the proceeding below.

In 2012, Nite Glow Industries, Inc and its owner, Marni Markell, (“Nite Glow”) filed suit in the United States District Court for New Jersey 
against the Company alleging that the applicator developed and used by the Company for certain of its branded topical flea and tick products 
infringes a patent held by Nite Glow and asserted related claims for breach of contract and misappropriation of confidential information based 
on the terms of a Non-Disclosure Agreement.  On June 27, 2018, a jury returned a verdict in favor of Nite Glow on each of the three claims 
and awarded damages of approximately $12.6 million.  The case is currently in the post-trial motion phase of proceedings and is expected to 
proceed to appeal once all such motions have been resolved.  Unless the verdicts are over-turned in the post-trial proceedings, the Company 
intends to vigorously pursue its rights on appeal and believes that it will prevail on the merits.  While the Company believes that the ultimate 
resolution of this matter will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements, the outcome of litigation is 
inherently uncertain and the final resolution of this matter may result in expense to the Company in excess of management's expectations.

During fiscal 2013, the Company received notices from several states stating that they have appointed an agent to conduct an 
examination of the books and records of the Company to determine whether it has complied with state unclaimed property laws. In addition to 
seeking unclaimed property subject to escheat laws, the states may seek interest, penalties and other relief. The examinations are at an early 
stage and, as such, management is unable to determine the impact, if any, on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

F- 29

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The Company has experienced, and may in the future experience, issues with products that may lead to product liability, recalls, 
withdrawals, replacements of products, or regulatory actions by governmental authorities. The Company has not experienced recent issues 
with products, the resolution of which management believes would have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of 
operations.

12. Income Taxes

The provision for income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following:

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total
Deferred:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total

Total

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018

(in thousands)

September 30,
2017

$

$

17,048
2,728
169
19,945

4,278
2,380
1
6,659
26,604

$

$

5,728
2,319
91
8,138

(3,676)
(1,162)
5
(4,833)
3,305

$

$

32,755
3,034
121
35,910

11,227
(1,038)
600
10,789
46,699

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows: 

Statutory federal income tax rate
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
Other permanent differences
Adjustment of prior year accruals
Credits
Rate change - Tax reform
Stock based compensation
Other
Effective income tax rate

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

21.0%
4.3
0.7
(0.6)
(0.9)
—
(1.6)
(0.6)
22.3%

24.5%
0.9
(0.1)
—
(0.8)
(16.9)
(5.4)
0.4
2.6%

35.0%
2.4
0.3
(0.3)
(0.6)
—
—
0.1
36.9%

F- 30

 
 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of “temporary differences” between asset and liability amounts for financial reporting 
purposes and such amounts as determined based on existing tax laws. The tax effect of temporary differences and carryforwards which give 
rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory write-downs
Prepaid expenses
Nondeductible reserves
State taxes
Employee benefits
Depreciation and amortization
Equity loss
State net operating loss carryforward
Stock based compensation
State credits
Other
Valuation allowance

Total

September 28, 2019

September 29, 2018

Deferred
Tax
Assets

Deferred
Tax
Liabilities

Deferred
Tax
Assets

Deferred
Tax
Liabilities

$

$

5,029
8,374
—
3,968
39
5,704
—
884
6,579
3,538
2,819
4,774
(7,179)
34,529

$

$

(in thousands)
— $
—
2,060
—
—
—
77,901
—
—
—
—
—
—
79,961

$

5,613
6,819
—
983
74
5,578
—
2,053
6,722
2,541
2,742
4,240
(6,809)
30,556

$

$

—
—
1,408
—
—
—
65,983
—
—
—
—
—
—
67,391

The Company has state tax net operating losses of $109.6 million, which expire at various times between 2019 and 2039, and foreign  

losses of $4.5 million, which do not expire. 

The Company has state income tax credits of $3.6 million, which expire at various times beginning in 2019 through 2039. In evaluating 

the Company’s ability to recover its deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence including past 
operating results, future taxable income, and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation 
allowance against any deferred tax assets. The Company has determined there will be insufficient future separate state and foreign taxable 
income for the separate parent company and foreign subsidiaries to realize the deferred tax assets. Therefore, valuation allowances of $7.2 
million and $6.8 million (net of federal impact) at September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, respectively, have been provided to reduce 
state deferred tax assets to amounts considered recoverable.

The Company classifies uncertain tax positions as non-current income tax liabilities unless expected to be paid within one year. The 
Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters as a component of pretax income. As of September 28, 2019 
and September 29, 2018, accrued interest was less than $0.1 million and no penalties were accrued related to uncertain tax positions. 

F- 31

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table, which excludes interest and penalties, summarizes the activity related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits 

for fiscal years ended September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 (in thousands):  

Balance as of September 30, 2017

Increases related to prior year tax positions

Increases related to current year tax positions

Decreases related to prior year tax positions

Settlements

Decreases related to lapse of statute of limitations

Balance as of September 29, 2018

Increases related to prior year tax positions

Increases related to current year tax positions

Decreases related to prior year tax positions

Settlements

Decreases related to lapse of statute of limitations

Balance as of September 28, 2019

$

$

$

325

138

83

(28)

—

—

518

8

81

—

(124)

—

483

As of September 28, 2019, unrecognized income tax benefits totaled approximately $0.5 million and all of the unrecognized tax 

benefits would, if recognized, impact the Company’s effective income tax rate.

The Company is principally subject to taxation by the United States and various states within the United States. The Company’s tax 
filings in major jurisdictions are open to examination by tax authorities by the Internal Revenue Service from fiscal year ended 2016 forward 
and in various state taxing authorities generally from fiscal year ended 2015 forward.

The Company believes there is a reasonable chance that its unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by $0.2 million within the next 

twelve months.

13. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company’s 2003 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2003 Plan”), as amended, allows for the grant of options, restricted stock 
and certain other specified types of awards to key employees, directors and consultants of the Company. The 2003 Plan is administered by 
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which is comprised only of independent directors, and which must approve individual 
awards to be granted, vesting and exercise of share conditions.

There is a total of 5.8 million shares of Common Stock, 19.7 million shares of Class A Common Stock and 500,000 shares of Preferred 
Stock authorized under the 2003 Plan. If and when the Company issues any shares of Preferred Stock under the 2003 Plan, it will reduce the 
amount of Class A Common Stock available for future issuance in an amount equal to the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that 
are issuable upon conversion of such Preferred Stock.

The Company has a Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan (the “Director Plan”) which provides for the grant of options and 
restricted stock to nonemployee directors of the Company. The Director Plan, as amended, provides for the granting to each independent 
director of options to purchase a number of shares equal to $200,000 divided by the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on 
the date of each annual meeting of stockholders and a number of shares of restricted stock equal to 20,000 divided by such fair market 
value.

As of September 28, 2019, there were approximately 3.6 million shares of Class A Common Stock, no shares of Common Stock and 

no shares of Preferred Stock reserved for outstanding equity awards, and there were approximately 4.6 million shares of Common Stock, 
10.7 million shares of Class A Common Stock and 0.5 million shares of Preferred Stock remaining for future awards.

Stock Option Awards

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $14.7 million, $11.6 million, and $11.1 million for the years ended 

September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively, as a component of selling, general and administrative 
expenses. Share-based compensation expense in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 consisted of $4.5 million, $3.9 million, and $2.9 million, 
respectively, for stock options, and $6.0 million, $5.4 million and $5.8 million, respectively, for stock awards. Share-based compensation 

F- 32

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

expense in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 also includes $4.2 million, $2.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively, for the Company’s 401(k) 
matching contributions.

During fiscal 2019, the Company granted time-based stock options with an exercise price based on the closing fair market value on the 
date of the grant. The majority of the options granted in fiscal 2019 vest in four annual installments commencing approximately one year from 
the date of grant and expire approximately six years after the grant date.

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. Expected stock 
price volatilities are estimated based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. The expected term of options granted is based 
on analyses of historical employee termination rates, option exercises and the contractual term of the option. The risk-free rates are based on 
U.S. Treasury yields, for notes with comparable terms as the option grants, in effect at the time of the grant. For purposes of this valuation 
model, no dividends have been assumed.

The Company’s calculations were made using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average 

assumptions: expected life from the date of grant 3.7 years in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017; stock price volatility, 30.4% in fiscal 2019, 31.6% in 
fiscal 2018, and 31.5% in fiscal 2017; risk free interest rates, 2.5% in fiscal 2019, 2.4% in fiscal 2018 and 2% in 2017; and no dividends 
during the expected term.

The following table summarizes option activity for the period ended September 28, 2019: 

Outstanding at September 29, 2018
Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired
Outstanding at September 28, 2019

Exercisable at September 30, 2017
Exercisable at September 29, 2018
Exercisable at September 28, 2019
Expected to vest after September 28, 2019

Number of
Shares
(in thousands)

Weighted
Average Exercise
Price per Share

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

$
2,329
$
818
(431) $
(167) $
$
2,549

$
$

458
636
957
1,455

22.56
27.00
12.53
28.09
25.32

10.80
16.35
21.08
27.87

4 years

$

26,543

4 years

$

12,498

2 years
3 years
3 years
4 years

12,097
10,731
8,589
3,572

The prices of options to purchase shares of common stock and Class A common stock outstanding at September 28, 2019, 

September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were between $8.56 to $38.10 per share, $6.43 to $38.10 per share and $6.43 to $33.15 per 
share, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended September 28, 2019, 
September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 was $7.28, $9.80 and $8.14, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 
the fiscal years ended September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017 was $6.7 million, $16.6 million, and $44.0 million, 
respectively.

As of September 28, 2019, there was $9.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options, which is 

expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average vesting period of three years.

Restricted Stock Awards

As of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, there were approximately 1.1 million and 0.9 million, respectively, of restricted 

stock awards outstanding. Awards granted in fiscal 2019 and 2018 generally vest within four or five years from the date of grant. 

Restricted stock award activity during the period ended September 28, 2019 is summarized as follows:

F- 33

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Nonvested at September 29, 2018
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at September 28, 2019

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value per
Share

Number of
Shares

(in thousands)

$
874
547
$
(317) $
(21) $
$

1,083

22.37
26.05
14.19
23.95
26.60

As of September 28, 2019, there was $21.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock awards, 

which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of four years.

14. Shareholders’ Equity

At September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, there were 80,000,000 shares of common stock ($0.01 par value) authorized, of 

which 11,543,969 and 12,145,135, respectively, were outstanding, and 100,000,000 shares of non-voting Class A common stock ($0.01 par 
value) authorized, of which 42,968,493 and 43,953,265, respectively, were outstanding. The preferences and relative rights of the Class A 
common stock are identical to common stock in all respects, except that the Class A common stock generally has no voting rights unless 
otherwise required by Delaware law.

There are 3,000,000 shares of Class B stock ($0.01 par value) authorized, of which 1,652,262 were outstanding at September 28, 

2019 and September 29, 2018. The voting powers, preferences and relative rights of the Class B stock are identical to common stock in all 
respects except that (i) the holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share and the holders of Class B stock are entitled to the 
lesser of ten votes per share or 49% of the total votes cast, (ii) stock dividends on common stock may be paid only in shares of common 
stock and stock dividends on Class B stock may be paid only in shares of Class B stock and (iii) shares of Class B stock have certain 
conversion rights and are subject to certain restrictions on ownership and transfer. Each share of Class B stock is convertible into one share 
of common stock, at the option of the holder. Additional shares of Class B stock may only be issued with majority approval of the holders of 
the common stock and Class B stock, voting as separate classes.

There are 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock ($0.01 par value) authorized, of which none were outstanding at September 28, 2019 

and September 29, 2018. 

In August 2018, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of its Class A common stock pursuant to a registration statement 
on Form S-3. The Company issued and sold an aggregate of 5,500,000 shares of common stock under the registration statement at a public 
offering price of $37.00 per share, including 550,000 shares issued upon exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional 
shares.  The Company received net proceeds of approximately $195.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and 
other offering expenses payable by the Company.

During fiscal 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a $100 million share repurchase program, in part, to minimize the 

dilutive impact of the Company’s stock-based equity compensation programs over time, which was fully utilized in the fourth quarter of fiscal 
2019. During fiscal 2019, the Company repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of its voting common stock (CENT) on the open market 
at an aggregate cost of approximately $14.7 million, or approximately $24.41 per share, and approximately 1.8 million shares of its non-voting 
common stock (CENTA) on the open market at an aggregate cost of approximately $43.4 million, or $24.69 per share. 

In August 2019, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program to purchase up to $100 million of its 
common stock (the "2019 Repurchase Authorization").  The 2019 Repurchase Authorization has no fixed expiration date and expires when 
the amount authorized has been used or the Board withdraws its authorization.  As of September 28, 2019, the Company had $100 million 
remaining under its 2019 Repurchase Authorization.

In February 2019, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to make supplemental purchases to minimize dilution resulting from 

issuances under its equity compensation plans (the "Equity Dilution Authorization").  In addition to the Company's regular share repurchase 
program, it is permitted to purchase annually a number of shares equal to the number of shares of restricted stock or stock options granted in 
the prior fiscal year, to the extent not already repurchased, and the current fiscal year.  The Equity Dilution Authorization has no fixed 
expiration date and expires when the Board withdraws its authorization.  As of September 28, 2019, the Company had authorization 
remaining from the fiscal 2019 and 2018 equity plan activity to repurchase up to 1.2 million shares under its Equity Dilution Authorization.

F- 34

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

15. Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) 

computations: 

Fiscal Year Ended
September 28, 2019

Fiscal Year Ended
September 29, 2018

Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 2017

Net
Income

Shares

Per
Share

Net
Income

Shares

Per
Share

Net
Income

Shares

Per
Share

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Basic EPS:

Net income available to
common shareholders

Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase
common stock
Restricted shares

Diluted EPS:

Net income available to
common shareholders

$ 92,786

56,770

$

1.63

$ 123,594

51,716

$

2.39

$ 78,828

50,230

$

1.57

509

332

(0.01)

(0.01)

996

629

(0.05)

(0.02)

992

598

(0.03)

(0.02)

$ 92,786

57,611

$

1.61

$ 123,594

53,341

$

2.32

$ 78,828

51,820

$

1.52

For fiscal 2019, options to purchase 1.1 million shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the 
option exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect of including these options 
would be anti-dilutive. 

For fiscal 2018, options to purchase two thousand shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because 

the option exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect of including these 
options would be anti-dilutive. 

For fiscal 2017, options to purchase 31 thousand shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because 

the option exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect of including these 
options would be anti-dilutive. 

16. Quarterly Financial Data – Unaudited

Net sales

Gross profit

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company
Net income per share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

1st Quarter

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

Fiscal 2019

$

$

$

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

461,990

130,182

$

673,701

$

206,051

706,575

219,284

1,803

42,391

46,152

0.03

0.03

$

$

0.74

0.73

$

$

57,050

58,026

56,903

58,001

F- 35

0.81

0.80

57,319

57,985

$

$

$

540,744

148,524

2,440

0.04

0.04

56,017

56,618

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Net sales

Gross profit

Net income (loss) attributable to Central Garden & Pet
Company

Net income (loss) per share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

$

$

$

Fiscal 2018

1st Quarter

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

$

613,094

$ 657,943

$

194,457

202,064

442,011

131,837

502,314

147,018

26,247

(1)

45,234

41,545

10,568

(1)

0.52

0.50

$

(1) $

0.89

0.86

$

$

0.81

0.79

$

$

0.20

0.19

(1)

50,730

52,695

50,871

52,658

51,134

52,575

54,059

55,376

(1) Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company was impacted by a provisional tax benefit of $16.3 million recorded in the first quarter of 

fiscal 2018 and a tax benefit of $5.2 million recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, for a total fiscal 2018 year-to-date tax benefit of $21.5 million. 

17. Transactions with Related Parties

During fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, Tech Pac, a subsidiary of the Company, made purchases from Contract Packaging, Inc, (“CPI”), 
Tech Pac’s principal supplier and a minority 20% shareholder in Tech Pac. Tech Pac’s total purchases from CPI were approximately $32.5 
million, $51.1 million and $37.0 million for fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Amounts due from CPI as of September 28, 2019 
and September 29, 2018 were $0.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively.

18. Business Segment Data

The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is its Chief Executive Officer. Operating segments are managed separately because 

each segment represents a strategic business that offers different products or services. The Company’s chief operating decision maker 
evaluates performance based on operating income or loss. The Company’s Corporate division is included in the following presentation since 
certain expenses of this division are not allocated separately to the two operating segments. Segment assets exclude cash equivalents, 
short-term investments, goodwill, and deferred taxes.

Management has determined that the Company has two operating segments which are also reportable segments based on the level at 

which the chief operating decision maker reviews the results of operations to make decisions regarding performance assessment and 
resource allocation. These operating segments are the Pet segment and the Garden segment. Substantially all of the Company’s assets and 
operations relate to its business in the United States.

The Pet segment consists of DMC, K&H Manufacturing, Four Paws Products, TFH Publications, Kaytee, C&S Products, Aquatics, 

Interpet, IMS, Pets International, Breeder’s Choice, Life Sciences, and Segrest.  These businesses are engaged in the manufacturing, 
purchase, sale and delivery of internally and externally produced pet supplies, books, food, live fish and small animals principally to 
independent pet distributors, national and regional retail chains, grocery stores, mass merchants and bookstores. The Garden segment 
consists of Pennington Seed, Hydro Organics, AMBRANDS, Lilly Miller, the Pottery Group, Bell Nursery, Arden Companies and Gulfstream. 
Products manufactured, designed and sourced, grown or distributed are products found typically in the lawn and garden sections of mass 
merchandisers, warehouse-type clubs, home improvement centers and nurseries and include grass seed, bird feed, terra cotta pottery, live 
plants, herbicides and insecticides. These products are sold directly to national and regional retail chains, independent garden distributors, 
grocery stores, nurseries and garden supply retailers.

The Corporate division includes expenses associated with corporate functions and projects, certain employee benefits, interest 

income, interest expense and inter-segment eliminations.

F- 36

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table indicates each class of similar products which represented approximately 10% or more of the Company’s 

consolidated net sales in the fiscal years presented (in millions). 

Category
Other pet products
Other garden products

Other manufacturers' products
Dog & cat products
Controls & fertilizer products
Total

2019

2018

2017

$

$

613.4
560.8
504.5
452.1
252.2
2,383.0

$

$

606.7
445.7
454.3
445.1
263.6
2,215.4

$

$

603.6
377.0
409.0
405.1
259.8
2,054.5

See Note 4 - Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers and Suppliers for the Company’s largest customers by segment.

F- 37

 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Financial information relating to the Company’s business segments for each of the three most recent fiscal years is presented in the 

table below (in thousands): 

Net sales:

Pet segment

Garden segment

Total

Operating income (loss):

Pet segment

Garden segment

Corporate

Total

Interest expense

Interest income

Other income (expense), net

Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

Income tax expense

Net income including noncontrolling interest

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet Company
Assets:

Pet segment

Garden segment

Corporate and eliminations

Total

Depreciation and amortization:

Pet segment

Garden segment

Corporate

Total

Expenditures for long-lived assets:

Pet segment

Garden segment

Corporate

Total

Noncontrolling interest is associated with the Garden segment.

(1) Includes a $2.5 million impairment charge in fiscal 2019.

September 28,
2019

Fiscal Year Ended

September 29,
2018

September 30,
2017

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,384,686   

998,324   

2,383,010   

122,727 (1)

102,170   

(72,829)

152,068

(42,614)

9,554   

243

119,251   

26,604   

92,647   

(139)   

92,786   

734,380   

463,889   

826,751   

2,025,020   

32,803   

11,959   

6,066   

50,828   

20,793   

9,068   

1,716   

1,340,899   

874,463   

2,215,362   

140,353

95,551

(68,568)

167,336

(39,196)

3,145   

(3,860)

127,425   

3,305   

124,120   

526   

123,594   

683,938   

407,483   

815,788   

1,907,209   

29,889   

8,744   

8,566   

47,199   

26,979   

8,016   

2,850   

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,246,354   

808,124   

2,054,478   

131,622

87,298

(62,808)

156,112

(28,209)

147

(1,621)

126,429

46,699

79,730

902

78,828

612,337   

311,026   

383,543   

1,306,906   

26,044   

6,267   

10,408   

42,719   

38,970   

4,948   

741   

31,577   

$

37,845   

$

44,659   

F- 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

19. Consolidating Condensed Financial Information of Guarantor Subsidiaries

Certain 100% wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company (as listed below, collectively the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”) have guaranteed 

fully and unconditionally, on a joint and several basis, the obligation to pay principal and interest on the Company’s 2023 and 2028 Notes. 
Certain subsidiaries and operating divisions are not guarantors of the Notes. Those subsidiaries that are guarantors and co-obligors of the 
Notes are as follows:

Arden Companies, LLC
C&S Products Co., Inc.
Farnam Companies, Inc.
Four Paws Products Ltd.
Gulfstream Home & Garden, Inc.
Hydro-Organics Wholesale, Inc.
IMS Trading, LLC
IMS Southern, LLC
K&H Manufacturing, LLC
Kaytee Products, Inc.
Matson, LLC
New England Pottery, LLC
Pennington Seed, Inc. (including Gro Tec, Inc., NEXGEN Turf Research, LLC and All-Glass Aquarium Co., Inc.)
Pets International, Ltd.
Segrest, Inc. (including Blue Springs Hatchery, Inc., Segrest Farms, Inc., Florida Tropical Distributors International, Inc., Sun 

Pet, Ltd,  Aquatica Tropicals, Inc., Quality Pets, LLC, Midwest Tropicals, LLC)

T.F.H. Publications, Inc.
Wellmark International (including B2E Corporation, B2E Microbials, LLC, B2E Manufacturing, LLC, Four Star Microbial 

Products, LLC and B2E Biotech LLC)

In lieu of providing separate audited financial statements for the Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Company has included the accompanying 

consolidating condensed financial statements based on the Company’s understanding of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s 
interpretation and application of Rule 3-10 of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulation S-X. 

Net sales

Cost of goods sold and occupancy

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Operating income (loss)

Interest expense

Interest income

Other income (expense)

Income (loss) before taxes and equity in
earnings of affiliates

Income tax expense (benefit)

Equity in earnings of affiliates

Net income including noncontrolling interest
Noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to Central Garden & Pet
Company

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

764,991

$

191,442

$

1,496,962

$

(70,385) $

2,383,010

592,916

172,075

181,894

(9,819)

(42,078)

9,608

190

(42,099)

(9,324)

125,561

92,786

—

150,067

41,375

42,213

(838)

(802)

19

(575)

(2,196)

(179)

—

(2,017)

(139)

1,000,994

495,968

333,243

162,725

266

(73)

628

163,546

36,107

(65,008)

(5,377)

(5,377)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(230)

(125,331)

127,209

(125,331)

—

—

1,678,969

704,041

551,973

152,068

(42,614)

9,554

243

119,251

26,604

—

92,647

(139)

$

92,786

$

(1,878) $

127,209

$

(125,331) $

92,786

F- 39

 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Net sales

Cost of goods sold and occupancy

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Operating income (loss)

Interest expense

Interest income

Other income (expense)
Income (loss) before taxes and equity in
earnings of affiliates

Income tax expense (benefit)

Equity in earnings of affiliates

Net income including noncontrolling interest
Noncontrolling interest

Net income (loss) attributable to Central
Garden & Pet Company

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

730,439

$

167,584

$

1,397,688

$

(80,349) $

2,215,362

568,145

162,294

167,849

(5,555)

(38,855)

3,138

(4,269)

(45,541)

(1,138)

167,997

123,594

—

128,944

38,640

33,118

5,522

(547)

6

(236)

917,276

480,412

313,043

167,369

206

1

645

4,745

168,221

4,364

1,133

79

—

4,666

526

(74,379)

(5,970)

(5,970)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(169,130)

1,539,986

675,376

508,040

167,336

(39,196)

3,145

(3,860)

127,425

3,305

—

124,120

526

164,990

(169,130)

—

—

$

123,594

$

4,140

$

164,990

$

(169,130) $

123,594

F- 40

 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

685,998

$

79,681

$

1,370,335

$

(81,536) $

2,054,478

534,682

151,316

154,267

(2,951)

(28,051)

146

(2,379)

(33,235)

(11,981)

100,082

78,828

—

60,788

18,893

18,416

477

(294)

1

844

1,028

1,466

—

(438)

902

901,959

468,376

309,790

158,586

136

—

(86)

158,636

57,214

420

101,842

—

(75,759)

(5,777)

(5,777)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(100,502)

(100,502)

—

1,421,670

632,808

476,696

156,112

(28,209)

147

(1,621)

126,429

46,699

—

79,730

902

$

78,828

$

(1,340) $

101,842

$

(100,502) $

78,828

Net sales

Cost of goods sold and occupancy

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Operating income (loss)

Interest expense

Interest income

Other income (expense)

Income (loss) before taxes and equity in
earnings of affiliates

Income tax expense (benefit)

Equity in earnings of affiliates

Net income including noncontrolling interest
Noncontrolling interest

Net income (loss) attributable to Central
Garden & Pet Company

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

92,786

$

(2,017) $

127,209

$

(125,331) $

92,647

(458)

92,328

—

(299)

(2,316)

(139)

(48)

347

127,161

(124,984)

—

—

(458)

92,189

(139)

$

92,328

$

(2,177) $

127,161

$

(124,984) $

92,328

Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation

Total comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling
interests

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to
Central Garden & Pet Company

F- 41

 
 
 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

123,594

$

4,666

$

164,990

$

(169,130) $

124,120

(267)

123,327

—

(145)

4,521

526

(67)

212

164,923

(168,918)

(267)

123,853

—

—

526

$

123,327

$

3,995

$

164,923

$

(168,918) $

123,327

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

78,828

$

(438) $

101,842

$

(100,502) $

79,730

343

79,171

—

169

(269)

902

108

101,950

(277)

(100,779)

—

—

343

80,073

902

$

79,171

$

(1,171) $

101,950

$

(100,779) $

79,171

Net income

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation

Total comprehensive income

Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Central
Garden & Pet Company

Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive Income:

Foreign currency translation

Total comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to
Central Garden & Pet Company

F- 42

 
 
 
 
 
ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable, net

Inventories, net

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Total current assets

Land, buildings, improvements and
equipment, net

Goodwill

Other long term assets

Intercompany receivable

Investment in subsidiaries

Total

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Current portion of long term debt

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Intercompany payable

Losses in excess of investment in
subsidiaries

Other long-term obligations

Shareholders’ equity attributable to
Central Garden & Pet

Noncontrolling interest

Total equity

Total

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET
September 28, 2019

(in thousands)

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

489,590

$

7,308

$

$

$

12,952

99,372

121,344

9,339

732,597

27,395

20,578

55,690

37,544

1,784,750

2,658,554

47,506

54,623

113

102,242

693,037

858,673

—

8,595

996,007

—

996,007

$

$

—

11,551

30,826

1,241

50,926

35,854

7,414

5,487

—

—

99,681

6,895

4,814

—

11,709

—

58,102

—

—

29,700

170

29,870

851

$

—

189,212

314,027

19,580

523,670

182,156

258,085

139,138

879,231

— $

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(13,970)

(916,775)

—

(1,784,750)

497,749

12,952

300,135

466,197

30,160

1,307,193

245,405

286,077

186,345

—

—

(2,715,495) $

2,025,020

$

$

$

$

1,982,280

94,845

69,729

—

164,574

—

—

25,567

62,656

— $

—

—

—

—

(916,775)

(25,567)

(13,970)

1,729,483

(1,759,183)

—

—

1,729,483

(1,759,183)

149,246

129,166

113

278,525

693,037

—

—

57,281

996,007

170

996,177

$

2,658,554

$

99,681

$

1,982,280

$

(2,715,495) $

2,025,020

F- 43

 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET
September 29, 2018

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable, net

Inventories, net

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Total current assets

Land, buildings, improvements and
equipment, net

Goodwill
Other long term assets

Intercompany receivable

Investment in subsidiaries

Total

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Current portion of long term debt

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Intercompany payable

Losses in excess of investment in
subsidiaries

Other long-term obligations

Shareholders’ equity attributable to Central
Garden & Pet

Noncontrolling interest

Total equity

Total

$

474,210

$

6,005

$

1,891

$

— $

$

$

10,899

94,657

123,178

6,304

709,248

33,484

20,578

62,199

40,365

1,618,378

2,484,252

33,122

44,142

116

77,380

691,869

753,933

—

8,621

952,449

—

952,449

$

$

—

9,647

32,556

1,455

49,663

33,840

7,414

7,469

—

—

98,386

4,759

4,746

—

9,505

—

56,318

—

—

32,178

385

32,563

—

171,604

272,089

12,803

458,387

150,323

253,185

133,145

769,886

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(11,726)

(810,251)

—

(1,618,378)

$

$

$

$

1,764,926

72,378

53,695

6

126,079

162

—

25,036

52,485

— $

—

—

—

—

(810,251)

(25,036)

(11,726)

1,561,164

(1,593,342)

—

—

1,561,164

(1,593,342)

482,106

10,899

275,908

427,823

20,562

1,217,298

217,647

281,177

191,087

—

—

110,259

102,583

122

212,964

692,031

—

—

49,380

952,449

385

952,834

(2,440,355) $

1,907,209

$

2,484,252

$

98,386

$

1,764,926

$

(2,440,355) $

1,907,209

F- 44

 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2019

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

Net cash provided by operating activities

Additions to property, plant and equipment
Businesses acquired, net of cash acquired

Investments

Other investing activities

Intercompany investing activities

Net cash used by investing activities
Repayments of long-term debt

Repurchase of common stock

Payment of deferred financing costs

Payments of contingent consideration

Distribution to parent

Distribution to noncontrolling interest

Intercompany financing activities

Net cash provided (used) by financing
activities

Effect of exchange rates on cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash
equivalents and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at
beginning of year

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at
end of year

$

22,344

$

4,625

$

178,305

$

(300) $

(3,926)

(4,779)

(22,872)

(41,161)

(2,010)

(518)

2,820

(44,795)

(121)

(62,974)

(1,352)

—

—

—

104,742

40,295

(411)

17,433

485,109

—
—

—

—

(4,779)

—

—

—

—

(300)

(76)

1,783

1,407

50

1,303

6,005

—
—

(997)

(109,345)

(133,214)

(46,072)

—

—

(170)

—

—

—

(46,242)

111

(1,040)

1,891

—

—
—

—

106,525

106,525

—

—

—

—

300

—

(106,525)

(106,225)

—

—

—

204,974

(31,577)

(41,161)

(2,010)

(1,515)

—

(76,263)

(46,193)

(62,974)

(1,352)

(170)

—

(76)

—

(110,765)

(250)

17,696

493,005

$

502,542

$

7,308

$

851

$

— $

510,701

F- 45

 
 
 
Net cash provided (used) by operating
activities

Additions to property, plant and equipment
Businesses acquired, net of cash acquired

Investments

Other investing activities
Intercompany investing activities

Net cash used by investing activities

Repayments on revolving line of credit

Borrowings on revolving line of credit
Repayments of long-term debt

Issuance of long-term debt

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

Repurchase of common stock

Payments of contingent consideration

Payment of deferred financing costs

Distribution to parent

Distribution to noncontrolling interest

Intercompany financing activities

Net cash provided (used) by financing
activities

Effect of exchange rates on cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash
equivalents and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
at beginning of year

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
at end of year

CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Fiscal Year Ended September 29, 2018

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

$

(16,676) $

(1,288) $

138,463

$

(6,387) $

114,112

(6,633)

(1,495)

(29,717)

(91,244)

(9,048)

(2,745)

(3,760)

(113,430)

(23,000)

23,000

(56)

300,000

195,631

(13,797)

—

(4,770)

—

—

106,525

583,533

(201)

453,226

—

—

—

—

(1,495)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(6,387)

(1,597)

4,984

(3,000)

95

(5,688)

(107,749)

(137,466)

111,509

111,509

—

—

—

—

—

(375)

—

—

—

(253)

—

—

—

—

(628)

56

425

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6,387

—

(111,509)

(105,122)

—

—

—

(37,845)

(91,244)

(9,048)

(2,745)

—

(140,882)

(23,000)

23,000

(431)

300,000

195,631

(13,797)

(253)

(4,770)

—

(1,597)

—

474,783

(50)

447,963

45,042

31,883

11,693

1,466

$

485,109

$

6,005

$

1,891

$

— $

493,005

F- 46

 
 
CENTRAL GARDEN & PET COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

CONSOLIDATING CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017

Parent

Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(in thousands)

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Consolidated

2,846

$

122,957

$

(4,076) $

(805)

(34,435)

Net cash (used) provided by operating
activities

Additions to property, plant and equipment
Businesses acquired, net of cash acquired

$

(7,418) $

(9,419)

(103,880)

229

(6,000)

(12,495)

(4,355)

(3,828)

(139,748)

(552,000)

552,000

(89)

19,946

(27,556)

—

—

—

93,445

85,746

235

(61,185)

93,068

31,883

—

—

—

—

—

—

(805)

—

—

—

—

—

(4,076)

(1,019)

5,146

51

(94)

1,998

9,695

11,693

Proceeds from asset sales
Escrow deposit for acquisition related-
contingent consideration

Investments

Other investing activities

Intercompany investing activities

Net cash used by investing activities
Repayments on revolving line of credit

Borrowings on revolving line of credit

Repayments of long-term debt

Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards
Repurchase of common stock

Payments of contingent consideration

Distribution to parent
Distribution to noncontrolling interest

Intercompany financing activities

Net cash provided (used) by financing
activities
Effect of exchange rates on cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash
equivalents and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at
beginning of year

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash  at
end of year

20.  Subsequent Event

—

8,318

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(94,763)

(120,880)

98,591

98,591

—

—

(374)

—

—

(1,300)

—

—

—

(1,674)

(66)

337

1,129

1,466

—

—

—

—

—

4,076

—

(98,591)

(94,515)

—

—

—

—

114,309

(44,659)

(103,880)

8,547

(6,000)

(12,495)

(4,355)

—

(162,842)

(552,000)

552,000

(463)

19,946

(27,556)

(1,300)

—

(1,019)

—

(10,392)

75

(58,850)

103,892

45,042

In November 2019, the Company’s DMC business unit in its Pet Segment experienced a fire in one of its leased properties located 

in Athens, Texas.  As a result, the Company sustained inventory and property-related losses in the estimated range of $15 million to $25 
million dollars.  This event has temporarily had a limited impact on the Company’s ability to fulfill orders to certain of its customers. 

F- 47

 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION
Central Garden & Pet Company

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

CORPORATE OFFICE

William E. Brown
Chairman

Christopher T. Metz
CEO of  Vista Outdoor, Inc.

Brooks M. Pennington, III
Director of  Special Projects;
Manager, Pennington Land & 
Investment Group

John R. Ranelli
Retired CEO of  Central Garden 
& Pet Company; former CEO of  
consumer products companies

M. Beth Springer
Former Executive Vice President 
and General Manager, The 
Clorox Company

Timothy P. Cofer
Chief  Executive Officer

John B. Balousek
Lead director; Former CEO and 
senior advertising agency 
executive

Thomas J. Colligan
Former Vice Chairman of  
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Michael J. Edwards
CEO of  Hanna Andersson; 
former retailer CEO and senior 
executive

Michael J. Griffith
Former President – Global 
Beverages, Procter & Gamble

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

William E. Brown
Chairman

Kay M. Schwichtenberg
Executive Vice President

Timothy P. Cofer
Chief  Executive Officer

George Yuhas
General Counsel & Secretary

Nicholas “Niko” Lahanas
Chief  Financial Officer

William Lynch
Senior Vice President of  
Operations

Central Garden & Pet Company
1340 Treat Blvd., Suite 600
Walnut Creek, California 94597
(925) 948-4000
www.central.com

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

Deloitte & Touche LLP
San Francisco, California

TRANSFER AGENT

Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
250 Royall Street
Canton, Massachusetts 02021
(877) 261-9290
www.computershare.com/investor

STOCK LISTING

NASDAQ Symbols CENT/CENTA

ANNUAL MEETING

The annual meeting of  shareholders will 
be held at 10:30 am 
Tuesday, February 11, 2020 at:

Embassy Suites Walnut Creek
1345 Treat Boulevard
Walnut Creek, California 94597

For additional information, please visit 
the Company’s website:

www.central.com 

or contact Investor Relations: 
(925) 948-4000

®

DENTAL CHEW TREATS

PMS Cool Grey 8

PMS orange 144 C

PANTONE®
7477 C

PANTONE®
144 C

Central Garden & Pet Company is a leading innovator, producer 

and distributor of  branded and private label products for the 

lawn & garden and pet supplies markets.