Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Paper, Lumber & Forest Products / Clearwater Paper Corporation

Clearwater Paper Corporation

clw · NYSE Basic Materials
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Ticker clw
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Sector Basic Materials
Industry Paper, Lumber & Forest Products
Employees 2200
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FY2019 Annual Report · Clearwater Paper Corporation
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A   N   N   U   A   L       R   E   P   O   R   T

2019 BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS 

Consumer Products Division 

  Shelby, North Carolina expansion: 

o Completed start-up of new paper machine, converting lines and warehousing 
o Producing quality ultra and conventional tissue  
o Producing at targeted startup levels and expect paper machine to reach full production run rate 

in mid-2020 as targeted 

  Increased sales with new and existing customers in a competitive market 

o Retained significant supply positions with leading retailers across all major channels 
o Grew retail volume by 5% with new supply positions across major retailers 

  Continued to innovate with quality products, enabling retailers to continue to grow their private 

brands 

  Received awards for outstanding support, execution, partnership, and distribution from major 

customers 

Pulp and Paperboard Division 

  Reached record paperboard production at our Cypress Bend, Arkansas mill 

  Introduced NUVO, a new brand of cup stock paperboard: 

o Offers up to 32% post-consumer recycled fiber  
o Provides food service operators options for their specific brand needs 
o Sales to existing and new customers 

  Increased net sales and managed margins in an environment of increasing costs 

  Lewiston Pulp Optimization Project: 

o Replaced a batch digester system with a continuous pulp digester and polysulfide reactor  
o Reduced air emissions through new system 
o Improved pulp quality, production and wood fiber usage 

Corporate  

  Improved our financial control environment 

  Completed debt refinancing 

o Provides additional operational flexibility and liquidity  
o Allows focus on free cash flow generation and balance sheet metrics 

  Implemented critical cybersecurity enhancements to our IT systems 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUSTAINABILITY 

Our products have two, critical environmental sustainability advantages: 

  Wood, the primary raw material used in our products, in the form of chips, sawdust, pulp, woody biomass, 

and logs, is a 100 percent renewable and commonly recycled resource. 

  Renewability, our products can provide more sustainable alternatives to products made from non-renewable 

resources. 

To ensure we are well positioned to capitalize on these sustainability advantages, we have always been 
committed to minimizing the environmental impact of our operations throughout the value chain. Examples of 
environmental initiatives include: 

Design and Sourcing 

  We design and manufacture products using circular economy principles where possible.  

  We support responsible forest management.  We were the first U.S. company to offer a full line of FSC-

certified bleached paperboard products and the first to offer consumer FSC-certified facial tissue in private 
brands.  

  We maintain 100 percent of our pulp as certified or controlled wood from known sources.  

  We offer an assortment of certified sustainable consumer and paperboard products, including the Forest 

Stewardship Council (FSC®), Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) and the Programme for the Endorsement of 
Forest Certification (PEFC) programs.  

  We engage directly with suppliers to ensure certification standards are followed, including through contracts 

and supply agreements. 

Manufacturing 

  100% of our manufacturing facilities are located in the U.S. and are therefore subject to all U.S. federal, state, 

and local environmental laws and regulations. 

  We are committed to cutting greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption in our 

manufacturing facilities. For example:  
o  We generate renewable energy through biomass derived from wood fiber, a by-product of several of our 

manufacturing processes.  

o  We maximize energy efficiency inherent in combined heat-and-power systems. 

  We are committed to cutting other air emissions, including particulate matter, nitrogen oxide, volatile organic 

compounds, and sulfur compounds.  

  We strive to reuse a significant amount of water in our manufacturing process, returning the majority back to 

the environment following treatment using industry best practices.  

  We work to minimize manufacturing waste through beneficial reuse, reducing the amount of material to 

landfills. 

  We are committed to the efficient recovery and reuse of chemicals and fiber, supporting our circular economy 

principles. 

In 2019 we made progress on our sustainability goals and were recognized for those accomplishments. 

  By the end of 2019 we have decreased water consumption by 11%, reduced waste to landfill by 68% and 

decreased energy consumption by 2% from our baseline. 

  We were recognized for our sustainability awards by three different organizations in 2019.   

o  We received the Arkansas Environmental Stewardship Award in recognition of quality and innovation in 

our environmental projects and programs at our Cypress Bend, AR mill.   

o  We received the Idaho Governor’s Award for Excellence in Energy Efficiency in recognition of our 
reduction in annual energy consumption by 7.7 million kilowatt hours at our Lewiston, ID mill. 

o  We received the Idaho Pollution Prevention Champion Award to recognize the reduction of energy 

consumption by the installation of several variable speed drives. 

  The company has committed to and is working on the implementation of American Forest & Paper 

Associations’ Serious Injury and Fatality Prevention Program.  We have also trained 150 mill leaders in 
leadership principles. 

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 

OR

  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from             to             

Commission File Number: 001-34146

CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

20-3594554
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

601 W. Riverside Avenue, Suite 1100

Spokane,

Washington

(Address of principal executive offices)

99201
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (509) 344-5900

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock ($0.0001 par value per share)

Trading Symbol
CLW

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

__________________________

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   

 Yes    

 No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   

 Yes    

 No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    

 Yes    

 No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to submit and post such files).    

 Yes    

 No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, 
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging 
growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer 

    Accelerated filer 
    Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying 
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    

 Yes    

 No

As of June 28, 2019, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates was $300.4 million.

As of March 5, 2020, 16,525,788 shares of common stock were outstanding.

__________________________

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the definitive proxy statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 2020 are incorporated by 
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K.

 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Index to Form 10-K

ITEM 1.

ITEM 1A.

ITEM 1B.

ITEM 2.

ITEM 3.

ITEM 4.

ITEM 5.

ITEM 6.

ITEM 7.

ITEM 7A.

ITEM 8.

ITEM 9.

ITEM 9A.

ITEM 9B.

ITEM 10.

ITEM 11.

ITEM 12.

ITEM 13.

ITEM 14.

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART I

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
  Purchases of Equity Securities

Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
  Operations

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
  Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

PART III

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
  Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

PART IV

ITEM 15.
ITEM 16.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary

SIGNATURES

PAGE
NUMBER

2

5

16

17

18

18

19
20

21

29

30

74

75

79

80

81

82

82

82

83
89

90

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part I

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Our disclosure and analysis in this report contains, in addition to historical information, certain forward-looking 
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding 
production quality and quantity, costs and timing associated with the expansion of our Shelby, North Carolina facility; 
our strengths and related benefits; our strategy; pulp production and the continuous digester at our Idaho facility; 
competitive market conditions; raw materials and input usage and costs, including energy costs and usage; selling, 
general and administrative cost reduction benefits;  strategic projects and related costs and benefits; energy conservation; 
cash flows; capital expenditures; return on investment from capital projects; compliance with our loan and financing 
agreements; tax rates; operating costs; selling, general and administrative expenses; timing of and costs related to major 
maintenance, construction, and repairs; liquidity; benefit plan funding levels; stockholder equity; capitalized interest; and 
interest expenses. Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “project,” “believe,” “schedule,” 
“estimate,” “may,” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-
looking statements are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, assumptions and projections that are 
subject to change. Our actual results of operations may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-
looking statements contained in this report. Important factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in 
operating results include those risks discussed in Item 1A of this report, as well as the following:

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

competitive pricing pressures for our products, including as a result of increased capacity as additional 
manufacturing facilities are operated by our competitors;
the loss of, changes in prices in regard to, or reduction in, orders from a significant customer;
changes in the cost and availability of wood fiber and wood pulp;
changes in transportation costs and disruptions in transportation services;
changes in customer product preferences and competitors' product offerings;
larger competitors having operational and other advantages; 
customer acceptance and timing and quantity of purchases of our tissue products, including the existence of 
sufficient demand for and the quality of tissue produced by our expanded Shelby, North Carolina operations;
consolidation and vertical integration of converting operations in the paperboard industry;
our ability to successfully implement our operational efficiencies and cost savings strategies, along with related 
capital projects, and achieve the expected operational or financial results of those projects, including from the 
continuous digester at our Lewiston, Idaho facility;
changes in the U.S. and international economies and in general economic conditions in the regions and 
industries in which we operate;

•  manufacturing or operating disruptions, including IT system and IT system implementation failures, equipment 

malfunctions and damage to our manufacturing facilities;
cyber-security risks; 
changes in costs for and availability of packaging supplies, chemicals, energy and maintenance and repairs;
labor disruptions;
cyclical industry conditions;
changes in expenses, required contributions and potential withdrawal costs associated with our pension plans;
environmental liabilities or expenditures;
reliance on a limited number of third-party suppliers for raw materials;
our ability to attract, motivate, train and retain qualified and key personnel;
our substantial indebtedness and ability to service our debt obligations;
restrictions on our business from debt covenants and terms; 
negative changes in our credit agency ratings; and
changes in laws, regulations or industry standards affecting our business.

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Forward-looking statements contained in this report present management’s views only as of the date of this report. 
Except as required under applicable law, we do not intend to issue updates concerning any future revisions of 
management’s views to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this report. You are advised, however, 
to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports 
on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.

1

ITEM 1. Business

GENERAL

We are a manufacturer and premier supplier of quality consumer tissue, away-from-home (AFH) tissue, parent roll tissue 
and bleached paperboard. We supply private label tissue to major retailers and wholesale distributors, including grocery, 
drug, mass merchants and discount stores. In addition, we produce and supply bleached paperboard to quality-conscious 
printers and packaging converters, and offer services that include custom sheeting, slitting and cutting. We source 
approximately 75% of our pulp internally. We build shareholder value by developing strong customer relationships 
through quality and service. Our corporate headquarters is located in Spokane, Washington. 

STRATEGY

Our long-term strategy is to expand our business to meet the needs of our customers and optimize the profitability of 
both our Consumer Products and our Paperboard businesses. In the near-term, our focus is on reducing debt, optimizing 
our recently installed capital projects and improving the operating and cost effectiveness of both segments of our 
company.

ORGANIZATION

Our business is organized into two operating segments: Consumer Products and Pulp and Paperboard. Sales for these 
businesses for the last three years are included in the table below:

(In millions)

Consumer Paper

Pulp and Paperboard

Consumer Products Segment

Year Ended December 31,

Increase (decrease)

2019

2018

2017

2019 - 2018

2018 - 2017

$

$

906.8

854.7

1,761.5

$

$

884.8

839.4

1,724.2

$

$

941.9

788.5

1,730.4

2.5%

1.8%

2.2%

(6.1)%

6.5 %

(0.4)%

Our Consumer Products segment sells and produces a complete line of at-home tissue products as well as AFH products. 
Our integrated manufacturing and converting operations and geographic footprint enable us to deliver a broad range of 
cost-competitive products with brand equivalent quality to our customers.  

Our Consumer Products Business

We believe that we are the only U.S. consumer tissue manufacturer that solely produces a full line of quality private label 
tissue products for large retail trade channels. Because we do not mass produce and market branded tissue products, we 
believe we are able to offer products that match the quality of leading national brands, but generally at lower prices. We 
utilize independent companies to routinely test our product quality.

In bath tissue, the majority of our sales are high quality two-ply ultra and premium products. In paper towels, we produce 
and sell ultra quality towels as well as premium and value towels. In the facial category, we sell ultra-lotion three-ply and 
a complete line of two-ply premium products, as well as value facial tissue. In napkins, we manufacture ultra two- and 
three-ply dinner napkins, as well as premium and value one-ply luncheon napkins. Value grade products utilizing 
recycled fiber are also produced for customers who wish to further diversify their product portfolio.  We compete 
primarily in the at-home portion of the U.S. tissue market, which made up approximately 95% of our Consumer Products 
segment sales in 2019. 

We manufacture and sell a line of AFH products to customers with commercial and industrial tissue needs. Products 
include conventional one- and two-ply bath tissue, two-ply paper towels, hardwound towels and dispenser napkins. 

We sell private label tissue products through our own sales force and compete based on product quality, customer service 
and price. We deliver customer-focused business solutions by assisting in managing product assortment, category 
management and pricing and promotion optimization. 

Pulp and Paperboard Segment

Our Pulp and Paperboard segment markets and manufactures bleached paperboard for the high-end segment of the 
packaging industry and is a leading producer of Solid Bleached Sulfate (SBS) paperboard. We offer services that include 
custom sheeting, slitting and cutting of paperboard. This segment also produces hardwood and softwood pulp, which is 
primarily used as the basis for our paperboard products. 

2

Our Pulp and Paperboard Business

We believe we are one of the four largest producers of bleached paperboard in North America with approximately 13% 
of the available production capacity. We provide custom sheeting, slitting and cutting of paperboard products. 

Our pulp and paperboard production consists of folding carton, liquid packaging, cup and plate products, blister and 
carded packaging, top sheet and commercial printing grades and softwood pulp. 

Folding carton board used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and other premium packaging, such as those that incorporate 
foil and holographic lamination, accounts for the largest portion of our total paperboard sales. We focus on high-end 
folding carton applications where the heightened product quality requirements provide for differentiation among 
suppliers, generally resulting in margins that are more attractive than less demanding packaging applications.

Our liquid packaging paperboard is known for its cleanliness and printability, and is engineered for long-lived 
performance due to its three-ply, softwood construction. Our reputation for producing liquid packaging meeting the most 
demanding standards for paperboard quality and cleanliness has resulted in meaningful sales in Japan, where consumers 
have a particular tendency to associate blemish-free, vibrant packaging with the cleanliness, quality and freshness of the 
liquids contained inside.

With the exception of our capability to supply just-in-time sheeting and narrow rolls, we do not produce converted 
paperboard end-products, so we are not simultaneously a supplier of and a competitor to our customers in key market 
segments, notably folding carton and cup. Of the five largest SBS paperboard producers in the United States, we are the 
only producer that does not convert SBS paperboard into folding cartons, cups, plates or liquid packaging end-use 
products.  We position our independent status to attract a diverse group of loyal customers because when there is 
increased market demand for paperboard, we do not divert our production to internal uses. 

We can convert paperboard parent rolls to flat sheets and narrow rolls, which expands our in-market service capabilities 
and allows us to support small and mid-sized folding carton converters that buy sheeted paperboard to convert into 
packaging end-products. Providing a service platform in this way expands the key folding carton segment of our business 
and does not compete with our customers in other key market segments.

We utilize various methods for the sale and distribution of our paperboard. The majority of our paperboard is sold to 
packaging converters domestically through sales managers located throughout the United States, with a smaller 
percentage channeled through distribution to commercial printers. We directly sell sheeted paperboard products to 
folding carton converters, merchants and commercial printers. Our principal methods of competing are product quality, 
customer service and price.

INPUT COSTS

Raw Materials

Wood fiber is our principal raw material, which consists of chips, sawdust and logs. We own and operate a wood 
chipping facility which we believe bolsters our wood fiber position and provides short-term and long-term cost savings. 

Additionally, we procure a portion of our pulp requirements. Overall, we purchase approximately 300,000 short tons of 
our pulp on the open market through long-term contracts or market transactions.  The Pulp and Paperboard segment 
purchases approximately 50,000 short tons and the Consumer Products segment purchases approximately 250,000 short 
tons.  The remaining pulp needs are supplied internally by the Pulp and Paperboard segment.

In addition to wood fiber, we utilize a significant amount of chemicals in the production of pulp and paper, including 
caustic, polyethylene, starch, sodium chlorate, latex and specialty process paper chemicals. A portion of the chemicals 
used in our manufacturing processes, particularly in the pulp-making process, are petroleum-based or are impacted by 
petroleum prices. 

Transportation

Transportation is a significant cost input for our business. Fuel prices, mileage driven and line-haul rates impact our 
transportation costs for delivery of raw materials to our manufacturing facilities, internal inventory transfers and delivery 
of our finished products to customers. 

Energy

We consume substantial amounts of energy, such as electricity, hog fuel, steam and natural gas. We purchase a significant 
portion of our natural gas and electricity under supply contracts, most of which are between a specific facility and a 
specific local provider. Under most of these contracts, the providers have agreed to provide us with our requirements for 
3

a particular type of energy at a specific facility. Most of these contracts have pricing mechanisms that adjust or set prices 
based on current market conditions. 

SEASONALITY

Our Consumer Products segment can experience a decrease in shipments during the fourth quarter as a result of retail 
brand holiday promotions. In addition, customer buying patterns for our paperboard generally result in lower sales for 
certain grades of our Pulp and Paperboard segment during the first and fourth quarters, compared to the second and third 
quarters of a given year.

ENVIRONMENTAL

Information regarding environmental matters is included under Part II, Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this report, and is incorporated herein by reference.

WEBSITE

Interested parties may access our periodic and current reports filed with the SEC, at no charge, by visiting our website, 
www.clearwaterpaper.com. In the menu select “Investor Relations,” then select “Financial Information & SEC Filings.” 
Information on our website is not part of this report.

EMPLOYEES

As of December 31, 2019, we had approximately 3,290 employees, of which approximately 1,520 of our workforce was 
covered under collective bargaining agreements. Unions represent hourly employees at three of our manufacturing sites.  
We had two hourly union labor contracts that remain expired at December 31, 2019. These contracts were subsequently 
ratified in January 2020. See Note 18 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this 
report for additional information.  

CONTRACT
EXPIRATION
DATE
August 31, 2017

August 31, 2017

DIVISION AND LOCATION
Consumer Products Division & Pulp &
Paperboard Division -
Lewiston, Idaho
Consumer Products Division & Pulp &
Paperboard Division -
Lewiston, Idaho

UNION
United Steel Workers (USW)

International Brotherhood of
Electrical Workers (IBEW)

The following hourly union labor contract expires in 2020: 

CONTRACT
EXPIRATION
DATE
May 31, 2020

DIVISION AND LOCATION
Consumer Products Division - Neenah,
Wisconsin

UNION
United Steel Workers (USW)

APPROXIMATE
NUMBER OF HOURLY
EMPLOYEES

865

55

APPROXIMATE
NUMBER OF HOURLY
EMPLOYEES

290

4

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

Our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity are subject to various risks and uncertainties, 
including those described below, and as a result, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

Increases in tissue supply, particularly in the premium and ultra categories, could adversely affect our operating 
results and financial condition.

Over the past few years, several new or refurbished premium and ultra-quality tissue paper machines have been 
completed or announced by us and by our competitors, including private label competitors, which has resulted and will 
continue to result in a substantial increase in the supply of premium and ultra-quality tissue in the North American 
market. Additionally, several new or refurbished conventional tissue machines have been installed or announced, 
including as a result of foreign competitors increasing their presence and operations in North America. We believe that 
increasing tissue capacity, together with intensifying competition experienced by our retail customers, has made it 
difficult for us to pass through to our customers the significant increases in input costs we have experienced in the last 
several years. If demand for tissue products in the North American market does not increase or consumer purchasing of 
premium and ultra-quality tissue do not increase commensurate with the increased capacity, the increase in supply of 
ultra-quality tissue products could have a material adverse effect on the price of premium and ultra-quality tissue 
products. In addition, increased supply of premium and ultra-quality tissue may adversely affect the market prices for 
such tissue and result in the displacement of demand for conventional tissue, which could adversely affect the market 
price for conventional tissue products, which will continue to represent a significant portion of our total production for 
the foreseeable future.

The loss of, or a significant reduction in, orders from, or changes in prices in regards to, any of our large customers 
could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

We derive a substantial amount of revenues from a concentrated group of customers. Our top 10 customers accounted for 
40% of sales in 2019. We have experienced increased price and promotion competition in our consumer products 
business, and this competition has decreased our gross margins and adversely affected our financial condition. If we lose 
any of these customers or a substantial portion of their business or if the terms of our relationship with any of them 
becomes less favorable to us, our net sales would decline, which would harm our results of operations and financial 
condition. Some of our customers have the capability to produce the parent rolls or products that they purchase from us. 
We generally do not have long-term contracts with many of our customers that ensure a continuing level of business 
from them. In addition, our agreements with our customers, including our largest customers, are not exclusive and 
generally do not contain minimum volume purchase commitments. Our relationship with our largest and most important 
customers will depend on our ability to continue to meet their needs for quality products and services at competitive 
prices. If we lose one or more of these customers or if we experience a significant decline in the level of purchases by 
any of them, we may not be able to quickly replace the lost business volume and our operating results and business could 
be harmed. 

We have experienced increased price and promotion competition in our consumer products business, particularly and this 
competition has decreased our gross margins and adversely affected our financial condition. If we lose any of these 
customers or a substantial portion of their business or if the terms of our relationship with any of them becomes less 
favorable to us, our net sales would decline, which would harm our results of operations and financial condition. Some of 
our customers have the capability to produce the parent rolls or products that they purchase from us. We generally do not 
have long-term contracts with many of our customers that ensure a continuing level of business from them. In addition, 
our agreements with our customers, including our largest customers, are not exclusive and generally do not contain 
minimum volume purchase commitments. Our relationship with our largest and most important customers will depend 
on our ability to continue to meet their needs for quality products and services at competitive prices. If we lose one or 
more of these customers or if we experience a significant decline in the level of purchases by any of them, we may not be 
able to quickly replace the lost business volume and our operating results and business could be harmed.

We depend on external sources of wood pulp and wood fiber for a significant portion of our tissue production, which 
subjects our business and results of operations to potentially significant fluctuations in the price of market pulp and 
wood fiber.

Our Consumer Products segment sources a significant portion of its wood pulp requirements from external suppliers, 
which exposes us to price fluctuation. Generally, we source 40% of our Consumer Product segment pulp requirements 
(or 25% overall) of our pulp from external sources. Pulp prices can, and have, changed significantly from one period to 

5

the next. The volatility of pulp prices can adversely affect our earnings if we are unable to pass cost increases on to our 
customers or if the timing of any price increases for our products significantly trails the increases in pulp prices. 

Wood fiber is the principal raw material used to create wood pulp, which in turn is used to manufacture our pulp and 
paperboard products and consumer products. Wood fiber pricing is subject to regional market influences, and our cost of 
wood fiber may increase in the areas our pulp and paperboard facilities are located due to market shifts in those regions. 
For example, much of the wood fiber we use in our pulp manufacturing process in Lewiston, Idaho, is the by-product of 
sawmill operations. As a result, the price of these residual wood fibers is affected by operating levels in both the pulp and 
paper and lumber industries. Significant reductions in home building in the West during the past decade resulted in the 
closure or curtailment of operations at many sawmills and consolidation among suppliers. Further, the expansion of 
operations and production of other paper mills and wood pellet manufacturers in the Inland Northwest region of the 
United States has increased the demand and price for wood fiber. Additionally, the ability of paper and wood pellet mills 
in British Columbia to acquire wood fiber from the U.S. Inland Northwest region with limited to no reciprocal ability by 
U.S. mills to acquire wood fiber from British Columbia, reduces the supply of, and increases the costs, for wood fiber. 
The price of wood fiber in the Pacific Northwest is expected to remain volatile.

The primary source for wood fiber is timber, the availability of which may be limited by adverse weather, fire, insect 
infestation, disease, ice storms, windstorms, flooding and other natural and man-made causes, thereby reducing supply 
and increasing prices. Our Arkansas pulp and paperboard facility relies on whole log chips for a significant portion of its 
wood fiber. In 2019, this facility experienced significant increases in the costs for wood fiber due to extremely wet 
conditions in the Southeastern U.S. that limited accessibility and availability. 

The effects on market prices for wood fiber resulting from various governmental programs involving tax credits or 
payments related to biomass and other renewable energy projects or from environmental litigation or regulation are 
uncertain and could result in a reduction in the supply of wood fiber available for our pulp and paperboard 
manufacturing operations. Additionally, wood pellet facilities or fluff pulp facilities, can increase demand and prices for 
wood fiber. If we and our pulp suppliers are unable to obtain wood fiber at favorable prices or at all, our costs will 
increase and our operations and financial results may be harmed.

Disruptions in transportation services or increases in our transportation costs could have a material adverse effect on 
our business.

Our business, particularly our Consumer Products business, is dependent on transportation services to deliver our 
products to our customers and to deliver raw materials to us as well as for intercompany shipments of parent rolls. 
Shipments of products and raw materials may be delayed or disrupted due to weather conditions, labor shortages or 
strikes, regulatory actions or other events. If our transportation providers are unavailable or fail to deliver our products in 
a timely manner, we may incur increased costs and we may be unable to manufacture and deliver our products on a 
timely basis. 

The costs of these transportation services are also affected by geopolitical and economic events. As a result of higher line 
haul rates, diesel prices and weather related events our transportation costs spiked in the second half of 2018. We have 
not been able in the past, and may not be able in the future, to pass along part or all of any fuel price increases to 
customers. If we are unable to increase our prices as a result of increased fuel or transportation costs, our gross margins 
may be materially adversely affected.

Competitors' branded products and private label products could have an adverse effect on our financial results.

Our Consumer Products compete with well-known, branded products, as well as other private label products. Our 
business may be harmed by new product offerings by competitors, the effects of consolidation within retailer and 
distribution channels and price competition from companies that may have greater financial resources than we do. If we 
are unable to offer our existing customers, or new customers, tissue products comparable to branded products or other 
companies' private label products in terms of quality, customer service and/or price, we may lose business or we may not 
be able to grow our existing business, and we may be forced to sell lower-margin products, all of which could negatively 
affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Larger competitors have operational and other advantages over our operations.

The markets for our products are highly competitive, and companies that have substantially greater financial resources 
compete with us in each market. Some of our competitors have advantages over us, including lower raw material and 
labor costs and better access to the inputs of our products.

6

Our Consumer Products business faces competition from companies that produce the same type of products that we 
produce or that produce alternative products that customers may use instead of our products. Our consumer products 
business competes with the branded tissue products producers, such as Procter & Gamble, and branded label producers 
who manufacture branded and private label products, such as Georgia-Pacific and Kimberly-Clark. These companies are 
far larger than us, have more sales, marketing and research and development resources than we do, and enjoy significant 
cost advantages due to economies of scale. In addition, because of their size and resources, these companies may foresee 
market trends more accurately than we do and develop new technologies that render our products less attractive or 
obsolete.

Our ability to successfully compete in the pulp and paperboard industry is influenced by a number of factors, including 
manufacturing capacity, general economic conditions and the availability and demand for paperboard substitutes. Our 
Pulp and Paperboard business competes with WestRock, Georgia-Pacific, Graphic Packaging and other international 
producers, most of whom are much larger than us. Any increase in manufacturing capacity by any of these or other 
producers could result in overcapacity in the pulp and paperboard industry, which could cause downward pressure on 
pricing. For example, a large European manufacturer recently converted a U.S. facility to produce SBS paperboard for 
the North American market. Increased production by foreign manufacturers may result in increased competition in the 
North American paperboard markets from direct sales by foreign competitors into these markets or increased competition 
in the United States as domestic manufacturers seek increased U.S. sales to offset displaced overseas sales caused by 
increased sales by foreign suppliers into Asia and European markets. Furthermore, customers could choose to use types 
of paperboard that we do not produce or could rely on alternative materials, such as plastic, for their products. An 
increased supply of or demand for any of these products could cause us to lower our prices or lose sales to competitors, 
either of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

Changing retail purchasing patterns have increased the need to increase operating efficiencies and diversify our 
customer base and sales channels.

We have historically sold a majority of our consumer tissue products through retail grocery stores. These and other 
traditional retail outlets are facing increasingly intense competition from supercenters, club stores, wholesale grocers, 
drug, dollar, variety and specialty stores. We also face increasingly intense competition from competitors who have 
incorporated the internet as a direct-to-consumer channel and internet-only providers that sell tissue and other grocery 
products. The intense competition faced by our customers has resulted in increased efforts by them to reduce costs from 
suppliers like us and requires that we become more cost efficient in order to maintain our market share and 
profitability. The changing retail landscape also requires that we develop and maintain relationships with a wider variety 
of retailers and retail channels to succeed in this dynamic environment, which can decrease our supply network 
efficiency and increase our costs.

The expansion of our business through the construction of new tissue making and converting facilities may not 
proceed as anticipated.

In connection with our long-term expansion strategy, we added a paper machine capable of producing certain premium 
and ultra quality tissue products and converting facilities to our Shelby, North Carolina site. The expansion in North 
Carolina is highly complex. Installing the tissue machine and building the supporting facilities entails numerous risks, 
including diverting management's attention from other business concerns, difficulties in integrating the new operations 
and personnel and uncertainties regarding the existence of sufficient customer demand and acceptance of the quality of 
the tissue produced by this new paper machine. In 2018, we experienced significant cost overruns for the Shelby 
expansion. Any of these risks if realized, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results 
of operations and liquidity. 

Consolidation in the North American paperboard and converting industry may adversely affect our business.

The ongoing consolidation of paperboard and paperboard converting businesses, including through the acquisition and 
integration of such converting businesses by larger competitors of ours, could result in a loss of customers and sales in 
our pulp and paperboard business. A loss of paperboard customers or sales as a result of consolidations and integrations 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our operational efficiency optimization and cost-saving goals may not be fully achieved or may not support the level 
of investment or commitment we are making.

Our near-term strategy of improving our competitive position by investing to achieve increased operational efficiencies 
and implementing cost control measures may not be fully achieved. These goals, along with the capital projects we have 
invested in to help achieve these goals, including the continuous digester installed at our Lewiston facility, may not 

7

achieve expected operational or financial results in the time frames we anticipate, or at all. The continuous digester in 
Lewiston has delivered significantly less in expected financial benefits to date and we continue to work to achieve the 
expected operational and financial benefits of the digester project. Such delays or failures could materially affect our 
business, cash flows and financial condition. 

United States and global economic conditions could have adverse effects on the demand for our products and 
financial results.

U.S. and global economic conditions and currency exchange rates have a significant impact on our business and financial 
results. Recessed global economic conditions and a strong U.S. dollar could affect our business in a number of ways, 
including causing declines in global demand for consumer tissue and paperboard, and increased competition from 
foreign manufacturers in the U.S. market.

Global health crises may adversely affect our financial condition.

Our business, the businesses of our customers and the businesses of our suppliers could be materially and adversely 
affected by the risks, or the public perception of the risks, related to a pandemic or other health crisis, such as the recent 
outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). A significant outbreak of contagious diseases in the human population could 
result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, 
resulting in an economic downturn that could affect demand for our products and likely impact our operating results. 
Such events could result in the complete or partial closure of one or more of our manufacturing facilities, the interruption 
of our distribution system, temporary or long-term disruption in our supply chains from local and international suppliers, 
or delays in the delivery of our product. If the impact of an outbreak continues for an extended period, it could materially 
adversely impact our supply chain and the growth of our revenues.

We incur significant expenses to maintain our manufacturing equipment and any interruption in the operations of 
our facilities may harm our operating performance.

We regularly incur significant expenses to maintain our manufacturing equipment and facilities. The machines and 
equipment that we use to produce our products are complex, interdependent, have many parts and some are run on a 
continuous basis. We must perform routine maintenance on our equipment and will have to periodically replace a variety 
of parts such as motors, pumps, pipes and electrical parts. In addition, our pulp and paperboard facilities require periodic 
shutdowns to perform major maintenance. These scheduled shutdowns of facilities result in decreased sales and 
increased costs in the periods in which they occur and could result in unexpected operational issues in future periods as a 
result of changes to equipment and operational and mechanical processes made during the shutdown period. 

Unexpected production disruptions could cause us to shut down or curtail operations at any of our facilities. During 
2019, we had a fire at our Shelby, North Carolina facility. In the first quarter of 2020, severe weather damage to power 
lines resulted in a temporary shutdown of our Arkansas mill. Disruptions could occur due to any number of 
circumstances, including prolonged power outages, mechanical or process failures, shortages of raw materials, natural 
catastrophes, disruptions in the availability of transportation, labor disputes, terrorism, changes in or non-compliance 
with environmental or safety laws, and the lack of availability of services from any of our facilities' key suppliers. Any 
facility shutdowns may be followed by prolonged startup periods, regardless of the reason for the shutdown. Those 
startup periods could range from several days to several weeks, depending on the reason for the shutdown and other 
factors. Any prolonged disruption in operations at any of our facilities could cause significant lost production, which 
would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The cost of chemicals and energy needed for our manufacturing processes significantly affects our results of 
operations and cash flows.

We use a variety of chemicals in our manufacturing processes, including petroleum-based polyethylene and certain 
petroleum-based latex chemicals. Prices for these chemicals have been and are expected to remain volatile. In addition, 
chemical suppliers that use petroleum-based products in the manufacture of their chemicals may, due to supply shortages 
and cost increases, ration the amount of chemicals available to us, and therefore we may not be able to obtain at 
favorable prices the chemicals we need to operate our business, if we are able to obtain them at all. 

8

Our manufacturing operations also utilize large amounts of electricity and natural gas. Energy prices have fluctuated 
widely over the past decade, which in turn affects our operational costs. For example, we experienced a dramatic spike in 
prices for natural gas at our Lewiston, Idaho facility in the first quarter of 2019 as a result of frigid temperatures in the 
Pacific Northwest and limited capacity on a major pipeline that supplies the Pacific Northwest due to damage to that 
pipeline that occurred in Canada. We purchase on the open market a substantial portion of the natural gas necessary to 
produce our products, and, as a result, the price and other terms of those purchases are subject to change based on factors 
such as worldwide supply and demand, geopolitical events, government regulation, weather, interruptions in pipeline and 
other delivery systems and natural disasters. Our energy costs in future periods will depend principally on our ability to 
produce a substantial portion of our electricity needs internally, on changes in market prices for natural gas and on 
reducing energy usage. Any significant energy shortage or significant increase in our energy costs in circumstances 
where we cannot raise the price of our products could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Any 
disruption in the supply of energy could also affect our ability to meet customer demand in a timely manner and could 
harm our reputation and our business.

Our business and financial performance may be harmed by future labor disruptions.

As of December 31, 2019, approximately 46% of our full-time employees were represented by unions under collective 
bargaining agreements. As these agreements expire, we may not be able to negotiate extensions or replacement 
agreements on terms acceptable to us. In 2020, a collective bargaining agreement for hourly employees at our Neenah, 
Wisconsin facility, which affects approximately 290 employees will expire. Any failure to reach an agreement with one 
of the unions may result in strikes, lockouts, work slowdowns, stoppages or other labor actions, any of which could have 
a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.

Cyclical industry conditions have in the past affected and may continue to adversely affect the operating results and 
cash flows of our pulp and paperboard business.

Our Pulp and Paperboard business has historically been affected by cyclical market conditions. We may be unable to 
sustain pricing in the face of weaker demand, and weaker demand may in turn cause us to take production downtime. In 
addition to lost revenue from lower shipment volumes, production downtime causes unabsorbed fixed manufacturing 
costs due to lower production levels. Our results of operations and cash flows may be materially adversely affected in a 
period of prolonged and significant market weakness. We are not able to predict market conditions or our ability to 
sustain pricing and production levels during periods of weak demand.

We rely on information technology in critical areas of our operations, and a disruption relating to such technology 
could harm our financial condition.

We use information technology, or IT, systems in various aspects of our operations, including enterprise resource 
planning, management of inventories and customer sales. We have different legacy IT systems that we are continuing to 
integrate, upgrade and move to the cloud. If one of these systems was to fail or cause operational or reporting 
interruptions, or if we decide to change these systems or hire outside parties to provide these systems, we may suffer 
disruptions, which could have a material adverse effect on our manufacturing and sales operation, results of operations 
and financial condition. In addition, we may underestimate the costs, complexity and time required to develop and 
implement new systems.

We face cyber-security risks.

Our business operations rely upon secure information technology systems for data capture, processing, storage and 
reporting. Despite careful security and controls design, implementation and updating, our information technology 
systems or plant networks could become subject to cyber-attacks. Network, system, application and data breaches could 
result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation, which could result in lost sales, production 
interruption, business delays, negative publicity and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition.

We may be required to pay material amounts under multiemployer pension plans; one of the plans in which we 
participate is in “critical and declining” financial status and this subjects us to potential liabilities, particularly if we 
withdraw from this plan.

We contribute to two multiemployer pension plans. The amount of our annual contributions to these plans is negotiated 
with the union representing our employees covered by the plan. In 2019, we contributed approximately $5.6 million to 
these plans. If in future years we continue to participate in these plans, we may be required to make increased annual 
contributions, which would reduce the cash available for business and other needs. The decision whether to continue to 

9

participate in these multiemployer plans does not rest solely with us; rather, it is negotiated as part of the collective 
bargaining agreements with labor unions that participate in these plans. There are risks associated with both continuing 
to participate in multiemployer plans and with withdrawing from multiemployer plans.

If we were to withdraw partially or completely from a multiemployer plan that is underfunded, we would be liable for a 
proportionate share of that plan's unfunded vested benefits as required by law. This is called a withdrawal liability.

If we continue to participate in a multiemployer pension plan, the future increases in annual contributions are difficult to 
predict and largely beyond our control. For example, if any other contributing employer withdraws from a multiemployer 
plan that is underfunded, and the withdrawing employer cannot satisfy its withdrawal liability, then the proportionate 
share of the plan’s unfunded vested benefits that would be allocable to us and to the other remaining contributing 
employers would increase.

We contribute to the PACE Industry Union-Management Pension Fund, or PIUMPF, which was certified to be in 
“critical status” for the plan year beginning January 1, 2010 and continued to be in critical status through the plan year 
beginning January 1, 2014. For the plan years beginning January 1, 2015 through January 1, 2019, PIUMPF was 
certified to be in "critical and declining status" under the Multiemployer Pension Reform Act of 2014. The number of 
employers participating in PIUMPF fell from 135 during 2012 to 52 during 2018 and the ratio of inactive participants to 
active employees participating in PIUMPF has increased from 3.4 inactive participants per each active employee at the 
end of 2013 to 10.4 inactive participants per each active employee at the end of 2018. PIUMPF predicts it will become 
insolvent in 2030. We are now the largest contributing employer remaining in PIUMPF. We therefore expect that if we 
remain in PIUMPF our annual contributions could increase, although we have no way of knowing by how much.

If instead we were to withdraw from PIUMPF, either completely or partially, we would incur a statutory withdrawal 
liability based on our proportionate share of PIUMPF’s unfunded vested benefits. Based on information available to us, 
as well as information provided by PIUMPF, and reviewed by our actuarial consultant, we estimate that, as of 
December 31, 2019, the withdrawal liability payments that we would be required to make to PIUMPF were we to 
completely withdraw in 2019 would be approximately $5.7 million per year on a pretax basis. These payments would 
continue for 20 years with an estimated present value in excess of $78 million on a pre-tax basis. If we were deemed to 
be included in a “mass withdrawal” from PIUMPF, these payments could continue indefinitely.

Were we voluntarily to withdraw from PIUMPF in 2020 or later, we could be subject to substantial payments in addition 
to the withdrawal liability payments described above. As a plan in critical and declining status, PIUMPF has adopted a 
rehabilitation plan. That plan purports to require a withdrawing employer to make an additional, lump-sum payment - 
above and beyond the statutory withdrawal liability - based on PIUMPF’s accumulated funding deficiency, or AFD. We 
do not believe PIUMPF’s purported imposition of the AFD on withdrawing employers is legally enforceable. However, 
we are aware that one large employer that withdrew from PIUMPF has recognized a liability for payment of an AFD 
amount and that other withdrawing employers may have paid some amounts in respect to the AFD. There have been and 
continue to be lawsuits in federal courts challenging PIUMPF’s AFD. Some of this litigation has ended without resolving 
the issue. At least one lawsuit currently pending in the United States District Court for the District of Idaho challenges 
the legality of the AFD. There are also efforts underway in the United States Congress intended to address the financial 
situation of multiemployer plans, like PIUMPF, that are in critical and declining status. It is uncertain whether such 
efforts will result in new legislation or if any new legislation will affect PIUMPF’s financial status.

If the AFD were held to be legally enforceable, and if we were to elect to withdraw in some future year, the amount of 
our AFD liability at the time of our withdrawal would be material and subject to a variety of factors including without 
limitation the nature and timing of a withdrawal, the solvency or insolvency of PIUMPF at the time of the withdrawal, 
the level of contributions to the plan made by other contributing employers before our withdrawal, whether any 
employers that had withdrawn in the intervening years had made AFD payments, and the effect of any Congressional 
action to assist the funding of multiemployer plans.

We believe that the AFD, if held to be lawful, would be assessed only if an employer voluntarily withdraws from 
PIUMPF and that plan insolvency or any other circumstance that does not involve a voluntary withdrawal by us would 
not require us to make a payment in respect of the AFD. Therefore, since we currently have no plans to withdraw from 
PIUMPF, we have not recognized any liability associated with a withdrawal from PIUMPF in our consolidated financial 
statements.

If we were to decide to withdraw voluntarily from PIUMPF in the future, and if the AFD were held to be enforceable 
against us, the resulting liabilities would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, 
liquidity and cash flows. Similarly, if, in the absence of a voluntary withdrawal by us, our understandings as stated above 

10

are incorrect regarding the unenforceability of the AFD or the inapplicability of the AFD to us in the event of plan 
insolvency or other circumstances not involving a voluntary withdrawal by us, the resulting liabilities would have a 
material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, liquidity and cash flows.

Adverse changes to, or requirements under, pension laws and regulations or adverse changes, requirements or claims 
pursuant to PIUMPF’s rehabilitation plan, such as the AFD, could increase the likelihood and amount of our liabilities. 
Were PIUMPF to fail, or were we to withdraw from PIUMPF, these liabilities would be in addition to the pension 
contributions we would have to make to any new pension plan adopted or contributed to by us to replace PIUMPF. All of 
this could materially reduce the cash we would have available for business and other needs.

Our company-sponsored pension plans are currently underfunded, and we may be required to make cash payments to 
the plans, reducing cash available for our business.

We have company-sponsored pension plans covering a portion of our salaried and hourly employees. The volatility in the 
value of equity and fixed income investments held by these plans, coupled with a low interest rate environment resulting 
in higher liability valuations, has caused these plans to be underfunded as the projected benefit obligation has exceeded 
the aggregate fair value of plan assets by varying year-end amounts since 2008. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, our 
company sponsored pension plans were underfunded in the aggregate by $9.9 million and $25.4 million. As a result of 
underfunding, we may be required to make contributions to our qualified pension plans in future years, which would 
reduce the cash available for business and other needs. In 2019, we made no contributions to these pension plans, and we 
are not required to make contributions in 2020.

We are subject to significant environmental regulation and environmental compliance expenditures, which could 
increase our costs and subject us to liabilities.

We are subject to various federal, state and foreign environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other things, 
water discharges, air emissions, hazardous material and waste management and environmental cleanup. Environmental 
laws and regulations continue to evolve and we may become subject to increasingly stringent environmental standards in 
the future, particularly under air quality and water quality laws and standards related to climate change issues, such as 
reporting of greenhouse gas emissions. Increased regulatory activity at the state, federal and international level is 
possible regarding climate change as well as other emerging environmental issues associated with our manufacturing 
sites, such as water quality standards. Compliance with regulations that implement new public policy in these areas 
might require significant expenditures on our part or even the curtailment of certain of our manufacturing operations.

We are required to comply with environmental laws and the terms and conditions of multiple environmental permits. In 
particular, the pulp and paper industry in the United States is subject to several performance based rules associated with 
effluent and air emissions as a result of certain of its manufacturing processes. Federal, state and local laws and 
regulations require us to routinely obtain authorizations from and comply with the evolving standards of the appropriate 
governmental authorities, which have considerable discretion over the terms of permits. Failure to comply with 
environmental laws and permit requirements could result in civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, 
including regulatory or judicial orders enjoining or curtailing our operations or requiring us to take corrective measures, 
install pollution control equipment, or take other remedial actions, such as product recalls or labeling changes. We also 
may be required to make additional expenditures, which could be significant, relating to environmental matters on an 
ongoing basis. There can be no assurance that future environmental permits will be granted or that we will be able to 
maintain and renew existing permits, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our results of 
operations, financial condition and cash flows.

We own properties, conduct or have conducted operations at properties, and have assumed indemnity obligations for 
properties or operations where hazardous materials have been or were used for many years, including during periods 
before careful management of these materials was required or generally believed to be necessary. Consequently, we will 
continue to be subject to risks under environmental laws that impose liability for historical releases of hazardous 
substances and to liability for other potential violations of environmental laws or permits at existing sites or ones for 
which we have indemnity obligations.

11

Our pension and health care costs are subject to numerous factors that could cause these costs to change.

In addition to our pension plans, we provide health care benefits to certain of our current and former salaried and hourly 
employees. Our health care costs vary with changes in health care costs generally, which have significantly exceeded 
general economic inflation rates for many years. Our pension costs are dependent upon numerous factors resulting from 
actual plan experience and assumptions about future investment returns. Pension plan assets are primarily made up of 
equity and fixed income investments. Fluctuations in actual equity market returns as well as changes in general interest 
rates may result in increased pension costs in future periods. Likewise, changes in assumptions regarding current 
discount rates, expected rates of return on plan assets and mortality rates could also increase pension costs. Significant 
changes in any of these factors may adversely impact our cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on a limited number of third-party suppliers for certain raw materials required for the production of our 
products.

Our dependence on a limited number of third-party suppliers, and the challenges we may face in obtaining adequate 
supplies of raw materials, involve several risks, including limited control over pricing, availability, quality and delivery 
schedules. We cannot be certain that our current suppliers will continue to provide us with the quantities of these raw 
materials that we require or will continue to satisfy our anticipated specifications and quality requirements. Any supply 
interruption in limited raw materials could materially harm our ability to manufacture our products until a new source of 
supply, if any, could be identified and qualified. Although we believe there are other suppliers of these raw materials, we 
may be unable to find a sufficient alternative supply channel in a reasonable time or on commercially reasonable terms. 
Any performance failure on the part of our suppliers could interrupt production of our products, which would have a 
material adverse effect on our business.

We May Fail to Attract, Motivate, Train and Retain Qualified Personnel, Including Key Personnel.

Our ability to effectively run our business depends on our ability to attract, motivate, train and retain employees with the 
skills necessary to understand and adapt to the competitive markets in which we operate. The increasing demand for 
qualified personnel makes it more difficult for us to attract and retain employees with requisite skill sets, particularly 
employees with specialized technical and trade experience. Changing demographics and labor work force trends also 
may result in a loss of knowledge and skills as experienced workers retire. If we fail to attract, motivate, train and retain 
qualified personnel, or if we experience excessive turnover, we may experience declining sales, manufacturing delays or 
other inefficiencies, increased recruiting, training and relocation costs and other difficulties, which may negatively 
impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

In addition, we rely on key executive and management personnel to manage our business efficiently and effectively. The 
loss of any of our key personnel could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. 
Effective succession planning is also important to our long-term success. Our failure to identify candidates with the 
leadership skills to manage our organization, and our failure to ensure effective transfers of knowledge and smooth 
transitions involving key executives, could hinder our strategic planning and execution.

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition 
and our ability to obtain financing in the future and to react to changes in our business. 

We have a substantial amount of debt, which requires significant principal and interest payments. As of December 31, 
2019, we had approximately $911 million face value of debt outstanding, collectively which is related to our $300 senior 
secured Term Loan Credit Agreement, $275 million 2013 Notes, $300 million 2014 Notes, asset-based loan revolving 
credit faclity (ABL Credit Agreement and together with the Term Loan Credit Agreement, collectively, the "Credit 
Agreements") and finance leases. After giving effect to the borrowing base limitation and issuance of letters of credit, we 
had availability of approximately $217 million under the ABL Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2019. 

Our significant amount of debt could have important consequences. For example, it could: 

•  make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our notes and Credit Agreements; 
• 

increase our vulnerability to adverse economic and general industry conditions, including interest rate 
fluctuations, because a portion of our borrowings, including those under the Credit Agreements, are and 
will continue to be at variable rates of interest; 
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, which 
would reduce the availability of our cash flow from operations to fund working capital, capital expenditures 
or other general corporate purposes; 
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry; 

• 

• 

12

• 
• 

• 

place us at a disadvantage compared to competitors that may have proportionately less debt; 
limit our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing due to applicable financial and restrictive 
covenants in our debt agreements; and 
increase our cost of borrowing. 

Despite our current indebtedness levels, we may still incur significant additional indebtedness. Incurring more 
indebtedness could increase the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness. 

We may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness, including additional secured indebtedness, in the future. 
After giving effect to the borrowing base limitation, we had availability of approximately $217 million under the 
ABL Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2019. The terms of the Credit Agreements restrict. but do not prohibit us 
from doing so. In addition, the Term Loan Credit Agreement allows us to issue additional secured term loans and/or 
notes under certain circumstances, which would be guaranteed by our subsidiary guarantors. In addition, the indentures 
governing our notes do not prevent us from incurring certain other liabilities that do not constitute indebtedness. If new 
debt or other liabilities are added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we and our subsidiaries now face could 
intensify. 

If we default under the Credit Agreements, or other indebtedness, we may not be able to service our debt obligations.

In the event of a default under the Credit Agreements or other indebtedness, lenders could elect to declare all amounts 
borrowed, together with accrued and unpaid interest and other fees, to be due and payable. If such acceleration occurs, 
thereby permitting an acceleration of amounts outstanding under our debt obligations, we may not be able to repay the 
amounts due. Events of default are separately defined in each credit agreement or indenture, but include events such as 
failure to make payments when due, breach of covenants, default under certain other indebtedness, failure to satisfy 
judgments in excess of a threshold amount, certain insolvency events and the occurrence of a change of control 
(as defined in the Credit Agreements). The occurrence of an event of default could have serious consequences to our 
financial condition and results of operations, and could cause us to become bankrupt or insolvent. 

To service our substantial indebtedness, we must generate significant cash flows. Our ability to generate cash depends 
on many factors beyond our control, and we may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our 
indebtedness, which may not be successful.

As of December 31, 2019, we had approximately $911 million of outstanding indebtedness, and we could incur 
substantial additional indebtedness in the future. Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our 
indebtedness, including our outstanding notes, and to fund planned capital expenditures, will depend on our ability to 
generate cash from our operations. This, to a significant extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, 
legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will 
be available to us under our credit agreements in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including our 
outstanding notes, or to fund our other liquidity needs. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our 
indebtedness, including our Credit Agreements and our outstanding notes, on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce 
or delay investments and capital expenditures, or to sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our 
indebtedness. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt 
service obligations. If our operating results and available cash are insufficient to meet our debt service obligations, we 
could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our 
debt service and other obligations. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions or to obtain the proceeds that 
we could realize from them, and these proceeds may not be adequate to meet any debt service obligations then due. 
Additionally, our debt agreements limit the use of the proceeds from any disposition; as a result, we may not be allowed, 
under these documents, to use proceeds from such dispositions to satisfy all current debt service obligations.

13

The indenture for our outstanding notes that we issued in 2013 and Credit Agreements, contain various covenants 
that limit our discretion in the operation of our business.

The indenture governing our outstanding notes that we issued in 2013 and the Credit Agreements, contain various 
provisions that limit our discretion in the operation of our business by restricting our ability to:

undergo a change in control;
• 
sell assets;
• 
• 
pay dividends and make other distributions;
•  make investments and other restricted payments;
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

redeem or repurchase our capital stock;
incur additional debt and issue preferred stock;
guarantee indebtedness;
create liens;
consolidate, merge or sell substantially all of our assets;
enter into certain transactions with our affiliates;
engage in new lines of business; and
enter into sale and lease-back transactions.

These restrictions on our ability to operate our business at our discretion could seriously harm our business by, among 
other things, limiting our ability to take advantage of financing, merger and acquisition and other corporate 
opportunities, or to borrow in order to fund further capital expenditures.

When (and for as long as) the availability under the ABL Credit Agreement is less than a specified amount for a certain 
period of time, funds deposited into deposit accounts used for collections will be transferred on a daily basis into a 
blocked account with the administrative agent and applied to prepay loans under the ABL Credit Agreement.

As a result of these covenants and restrictions, we may be limited in how we conduct our business and we may be unable 
to raise additional debt or equity financing to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities. 
The terms of any future indebtedness we may incur could include more restrictive covenants. We cannot assure you that 
we will be able to maintain compliance with these covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, that we will be able to 
obtain waivers from the lenders and/or amend the covenants.

There are various limitations on our ability to incur the full $250 million of commitments under the ABL Credit 
Agreement, including covenants limiting the incurrence of debt under our 2013 Notes, and borrowings under our ABL 
Credit Agreement are limited by a specified borrowing base consisting of a percentage of eligible accounts receivable 
and inventory, less customary reserves. In addition, under the ABL Credit Agreement, a monthly fixed charge 
maintenance covenant would become applicable during an event of default or if excess availability under the ABL Credit 
Agreement is at any time less than 10.0% of the total $250 million of current revolving loan commitments, or $25 
million currently. As of December 31, 2019, availability under the ABL Credit Agreement was approximately $217 
million. However, due primarily to the seasonality of our operations, it is possible that availability under the ABL Credit 
Agreement could fall below the 10.0% threshold in a future period. If the covenant trigger were to occur, we would be 
required to satisfy and maintain on the last day of each quarter a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.1x for the 
preceding four quarter period for which financial statements had been delivered. As of December 31, 2019, our fixed 
charge coverage ratio was approximately 2.92x. Our ability to meet the required fixed charge coverage ratio can be 
affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will meet this ratio. A breach of any of these 
covenants could result in a default under the ABL Credit Agreement.

Events beyond our control could affect our ability to meet these financial tests, and we cannot assure you that we will 
meet them.

Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our Credit Agreements or the indentures governing our 
outstanding notes, including as a result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default that could 
cause repayment of the debt to be accelerated.

If we are not able to comply with the covenants and other requirements contained in the indentures governing our 
outstanding notes, our Credit Agreements or our other debt instruments, an event of default under the relevant debt 
instrument could occur. If an event of default does occur, it could trigger a default under our other debt instruments, 
prohibit us from accessing additional borrowings, and permit the holders of the defaulted debt to declare amounts 
outstanding with respect to that debt to be immediately due and payable. Our assets and cash flow may not be sufficient 
to fully repay borrowings under our outstanding debt instruments. In addition, we may not be able to refinance or 

14

restructure the payments on the applicable debt. Even if we were able to secure additional financing, it may not be 
available on favorable terms.

Credit rating downgrades could increase our borrowing costs or otherwise adversely affect us.

Some of our outstanding indebtedness has received credit ratings from rating agencies. Our credit ratings could change 
based on, among other things, our results of operations and financial condition. Credit ratings are subject to ongoing 
evaluation by credit rating agencies and may be lowered, suspended or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency or placed 
on a “watch list” for a possible downgrade or assigned a “negative outlook”. Although our indebtedness does not include 
any triggers that would increase existing borrowing rates if there were a ratings downgrade, actual or anticipated changes 
or downgrades, including any announcement that our ratings are under review for a downgrade or have been assigned a 
negative outlook, could increase our future borrowing costs, which could in turn adversely affect our results of 
operations, cash flows and financial condition, and the trading price of our common stock. If a downgrade were to occur 
or a negative outlook were to be assigned, it could impact our ability to access the capital markets to raise debt and/or 
increase the associated costs. In addition, while our credit ratings are important to us, we may take actions and otherwise 
operate our business in a manner that adversely affects our credit ratings.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law may make it difficult for 
stockholders to change the composition of our Board of Directors and may discourage hostile takeover attempts that 
some of our stockholders may consider to be beneficial.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law may have the effect of delaying or 
preventing changes in control if our Board of Directors determines that such changes in control are not in the best 
interests of the company and our stockholders. The provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include, 
among other things, the following:

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 
• 

a classified Board of Directors with three-year staggered terms;
the ability of our Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock and to determine the price and other 
terms, including preferences and voting rights, of those shares without stockholder approval;
stockholder action can only be taken at a special or regular meeting and not by written consent;
advance notice procedures for nominating candidates to our Board of Directors or presenting matters at 
stockholder meetings;
removal of directors only for cause;
allowing only our Board of Directors to fill vacancies on our Board of Directors; and
supermajority voting requirements to amend our bylaws and certain provisions of our certificate of 
incorporation.

While these provisions have the effect of encouraging persons seeking to acquire control of the company to negotiate 
with our Board of Directors, they could enable the Board of Directors to hinder or frustrate a transaction that some, or a 
majority, of the stockholders might believe to be in their best interests and, in that case, may prevent or discourage 
attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors. We are also subject to Delaware laws that could have similar 
effects. One of these laws prohibits us from engaging in a business combination with a significant stockholder unless 
specific conditions are met.

15

ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

16

ITEM 2. Properties

Facilities

Our principal executive offices are located in Spokane, Washington. We believe that each of these facilities is adequately 
maintained and is suitable for conducting our operations and business. Information regarding our principal facilities is set 
forth in the following table. 

Location

Products

Las Vegas, Nevada
Lewiston, Idaho
Neenah, Wisconsin
Shelby, North Carolina
Elwood, Illinois
Cypress Bend, Arkansas
Mendon, Michigan
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
Dallas, Texas
Richmond, Virginia
Hagerstown, Indiana
Columbia City, Oregon
Clarkston, Washington

Production Capacities

TAD tissue, Tissue converting
Tissue, Tissue converting, Pulp and Paperboard
Tissue, Tissue converting
TAD tissue, Tissue converting
Tissue converting
Pulp, Paperboard
Paperboard sheeting
Paperboard sheeting
Paperboard sheeting
Paperboard sheeting
Paperboard sheeting
Chip shipment
Wood chipping

Owned or Leased

Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned/Leased
Leased
Owned
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Owned

Information regarding currently operating production capacities is based on annual, normal operating rates and normal 
production mixes under current market conditions, taking into account known constraints. Market conditions, 
fluctuations in raw material supply, environmental restrictions and the nature of current orders may cause actual 
production rates and mixes to vary significantly from the production rates and mixes shown.

(In tons)

Las Vegas, Nevada

Lewiston, Idaho

Neenah, Wisconsin

Shelby, North Carolina

Elwood, Illinois

Cypress Bend, Arkansas

Mendon, Michigan

Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania

Dallas, Texas

Richmond, Virginia

Hagerstown, Indiana

Tissue

39,000

190,000

54,000

152,000

Tissue
converting

Pulp

Paperboard

Sheeted
Paperboard

64,000

90,000

70,000

141,000

67,000

590,000

480,000

314,000

360,000

50,000

40,000

36,000

35,000

32,000

435,000

432,000

904,000

840,000

193,000

17

 
 
ITEM 3.

Legal Proceedings

We may from time to time be involved in claims, proceedings and litigation arising from our business and property 
ownership. We believe, based on currently available information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, 
will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

18

Part II

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters

and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "CLW." 

HOLDERS

 As of March 5, 2020, there were approximately 697 registered holders of our common stock.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

On December 15, 2015, we announced that our Board of Directors had approved a stock repurchase program authorizing 
the repurchase of up to $100 million of our common stock. As of December 31, 2019, we had up to $29.8 million of 
authorization remaining. The repurchase program authorizes purchases of our common stock from time to time through 
open market purchases, negotiated transactions or other means, including accelerated stock repurchases and 10b5-1 
trading plans in accordance with applicable securities laws and other restrictions. We have no obligation to repurchase 
stock under this program and may suspend or terminate the program at any time.

19

ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data

All of the data listed below has been derived from our audited financial statements. Our historical financial and other 
data is not necessarily indicative of our future performance. 

(In millions, except net
income (loss) per share amounts)
SUMMARY STATEMENT OF
OPERATIONS
Net sales
Income (loss) from operations
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share - basic
Net income (loss) per share - diluted
Weighted average common shares
outstanding: (in thousands)

     Basic

    Diluted

SUMMARY BALANCE SHEET
INFORMATION
Working capital
Property, plant and equipment, net
Total assets
Long-term debt, net of current portion
Capital expenditures (including business
acquisitions)

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

$

$

$

$

1,761.5
45.4
(5.6)
(0.34)
(0.34) $

$

1,724.2
(97.9)
(143.8)
(8.72)
(8.72) $

1,730.4
71.2
97.3
5.91
5.88

16,533

16,533

16,487

16,487

16,464

16,556

185.4
1,257.7
1,877.7
884.5

$

(5.3) $

1,269.3
1,788.1
692.9

33.5
1,051.0
1,802.3
592.0

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,734.8
114.8
49.6
2.91
2.90

17,001

17,106

80.0
945.3
1,684.3
592.7

1,752.4
123.7
56.0
2.98
2.97

18,762

18,820

199.0
866.5
1,527.4
592.7

$

140.1

$

295.7

$

199.7

$

222.8

$

134.1

20

ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and

Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements 
and related notes that appear elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting 
our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed in 
these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those set forth in the section entitled “Risk 
Factors” and elsewhere in this report. A discussion of the earliest year may be found in Management's Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10 K filed March 18, 2019.

OVERVIEW

Executive Summary

For the year ended 2019, we reported net sales of $1.8 billion, up from $1.7 billion reported for the year ended 2018. We 
reported a net loss for the year of $5.6 million, or $0.34 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $143.8 million or 
$8.72 per diluted share in 2018. Included in our 2018 results was an impairment of our goodwill of $195 million and a 
gain on a divestiture of our LadySmith facility of $24.0 million. Adjusted EBITDA for the year was $167.3 million 
compared to $181.6 million reported in 2018. Reductions in Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2019 as 
compared to December 31, 2018 were driven by improvements in price and mix with higher volumes due to our 
expansion at our Shelby facility offset by higher maintenance expenses, input costs and operational disruptions. See 
discussion on segment level results regarding sales, operating results and Adjusted EBITDA in “Our Operating Results” 
below.

Business Drivers

Tissue Industry Overview

The U.S. tissue market can be divided into two market segments: the at-home or consumer retail purchase segment, 
which represented approximately two-thirds of U.S. tissue sales in 2019; and AFH segment, which represents the 
remaining one-third of U.S. tissue market sales and includes tissue for locations such as restaurants, hotels and office 
buildings. 

The U.S. at-home tissue segment consists of bath, paper towels, facial and napkin products categories. Each category is 
further distinguished according to quality segments: ultra, premium, value and economy. As a result of manufacturing 
process improvements and consumer preferences, the majority of at-home tissue sold in the United States is ultra and 
premium quality.

At-home tissue producers are comprised of companies that manufacture branded tissue products, private label tissue 
products, or both. Branded tissue suppliers manufacture, market and sell tissue products under their own nationally 
branded labels. Private label tissue producers manufacture tissue products for retailers to sell as their store brand.

In the U.S., at-home tissue is primarily sold through grocery stores, mass merchants, warehouse clubs, drug stores and 
discount dollar stores. Tissue has historically been one of the strongest segments of the paper industry due to its steady 
demand growth largely due to population growth in the United States. In addition to economic and demographic drivers, 
tissue demand is affected by product innovations and shifts in distribution channels.

The U.S. tissue industry has experienced an increase in ultra and premium tissue products as industry participants have 
added or improved through-air-dried, or TAD, or equivalent production capacity as well as added conventional tissue 
capacity. Demand and pricing for consumer tissue products is currently being affected by this increased capacity, as well 
as changing dynamics in the at-home tissue segment as a result of changing consumer purchasing habits, consolidations 
and new entrants in the consumer retail channel, and new and evolving sales and distribution channels. These changing 
conditions contributed to a very competitive environment for consumer tissue over the past several years, which has 
continued through 2019.

Pulp and Paperboard Industry Overview

SBS paperboard is a premium paperboard grade that is most frequently used to produce folding cartons, liquid 
packaging, cups and plates, blister and carded packaging, top sheet and commercial printing items. SBS paperboard is 
used for such products because it is manufactured using virgin fiber combined with the kraft bleaching process, which 
results in superior cleanliness, brightness and consistency. SBS paperboard is often manufactured with a clay coating to 
provide superior surface printing qualities. 

21

In general, the process of making paperboard begins by chemically cooking wood fibers to make pulp. The pulp is 
bleached to provide a white, bright pulp, which is formed into paperboard. Bleached pulp that is to be used as market 
pulp is dried and baled on a pulp drying machine, bypassing the paperboard machines. The various grades of paperboard 
are wound into rolls for converting to final end users. Liquid packaging and cup stock grades are often coated with 
polyethylene, a plastic coating, in a separate operation to create a resistant and durable liquid barrier.

Folding Carton Category. Folding carton is the largest portion of the SBS category of the U.S. paperboard industry, 
comprising approximately 40% of the category in 2019. Within the folding carton segment there are varying qualities of 
SBS paperboard. The high end of the folding carton category in general requires a premium print surface and includes 
uses such as packaging for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and other premium retail goods. SBS paperboard is also used in 
the packaging of frozen foods, beverages and baked goods. 

Liquid Packaging and Cup Category. SBS liquid packaging paperboard is primarily used in the United States for the 
packaging of juices. In Japan and other Asian countries, SBS liquid packaging paperboard is primarily used for the 
packaging of milk and a wide range of consumable liquids, including alcoholic beverages. The cup segment of the 
market consists primarily of hot and cold drink cups and food packaging. The hot and cold cups are primarily used to 
serve beverages in quick-service restaurants, while round food containers are often used for packaging premium ice-
cream, hot noodle and dry food products. 

Commercial Printing Category. Commercial printing applications use bleached bristols, which are heavyweight paper 
grades, to produce postcards, signage and promotional literature. Bristols can be clay coated on one side or both sides for 
applications such as brochures, presentation folders and paperback book covers. Customers in this segment are 
accustomed to high-quality paper grades, which possess superior printability and brightness compared to most 
paperboard packaging grades. Suppliers to this segment must be able to deliver small volumes, often within 24 hours. 

The pulp and paperboard industry is affected by macro-economic conditions around the world and has historically 
experienced cyclical market conditions. As a result, historical prices for products and sales volumes have been volatile. 
Product pricing is significantly affected by the relationship between supply and demand for our products. Product supply 
in the industry is influenced primarily by fluctuations in available manufacturing production, which tends to increase 
during periods when prices remain strong. In addition, currency exchange rates affect U.S. supplies of paperboard, as 
non-U.S. manufacturers are more attracted to the U.S. market when the dollar is relatively strong. Additionally, while 
there has been some announced permanent reduction in SBS paperboard production in North America, there has also 
been new SBS production capacity brought on line which makes for a dynamic supply and demand market between 
paperboard grades and segments.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

A discussion of our significant accounting policies and significant accounting estimates and judgments is presented in 
Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report. Throughout the preparation of the 
financial statements, we employ significant judgments in the application of accounting principles and methods. We 
believe that the accounting estimates discussed below represent the accounting estimates requiring the exercise of 
judgment where a different set of judgments could result in the greatest changes to reported results. We reviewed the 
development, selection and disclosure of our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of 
Directors. For 2019, these significant accounting estimates and judgments include:

Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefits

We have a number of pension plans in the United States covering many of our employees. Benefit accruals under most of 
our defined benefit pension plan in the United States were frozen prior to January 2014.

We account for the consequences of our sponsorship of these plans using assumptions to calculate the related assets, 
liabilities and expenses recorded in our financial statements. Net actuarial gains and losses occur when actual experience 
differs from any of the assumptions used to value defined benefit plans or when assumptions change as they may each 
year. The primary factors contributing to actuarial gains and losses are changes in the discount rate used to value 
obligations as of the measurement date and the differences between expected and actual returns on pension plan assets. 
This accounting method results in the potential for volatile and difficult to forecast gains and losses.

We record amounts relating to these defined benefit plans based on various actuarial assumptions, including discount 
rates, assumed rates of return, compensation increases and life expectancy. We review our actuarial assumptions on an 
annual basis and make modifications to the assumptions based on current economic conditions and trends. We believe 

22

that the assumptions utilized in recording our obligations under our plans are reasonable based on our experience and on 
advice from our independent actuaries; however, differences in actual experience or changes in the assumptions may 
materially affect our financial condition or results of operations.

A 25 basis point change in our discount rate assumption would lead to an increase or decrease in our pension liability of 
approximately $8.7 million. A 25 basis point change in the long-term rate of return on plan assets used in accounting for 
our pension plans would have a $0.7 million impact on pension expense and a 25 basis point change in the discount rate 
would have a $0.5 million impact on pension expense. It is not possible to forecast or predict whether there will be 
actuarial gains and losses in future periods, and if required, the magnitude of any such adjustment. These gains and 
losses are driven by differences in actual experience or changes in the assumptions that are beyond our control, such as 
changes in interest rates and the actual return on pension plan assets.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In evaluating our business, we utilize several non-GAAP financial measures. A non-GAAP financial measure is generally 
defined by the SEC as one that purports to measure historical or future financial performance, financial position or cash 
flows, but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so excluded or included under applicable GAAP guidance. In 
this report on Form 10-K, we disclose overall and segment earnings (loss) from operations before interest expense, net, 
non-operating pension and other post employment benefit costs, taxes, depreciation and amortization, goodwill 
impairment, other operating charges, net, and debt retirement costs as Adjusted EBITDA which is a non-GAAP financial 
measure. Adjusted EBITDA is not a substitute for the GAAP measure of net income or for any other GAAP measures of 
operating performance.

We have included Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated and business segment basis in this report because we use it as 
important supplemental measures of our performance and believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, 
investors and other interested persons in the evaluation of companies in our industry, some of which present Adjusted 
EBITDA when reporting their results. We use Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our performance as compared to other 
companies in our industry that have different financing and capital structures and/or tax rates. It should be noted that 
companies calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently and, therefore, our Adjusted EBITDA measures may not be 
comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other companies. Our Adjusted EBITDA measures have material 
limitations as performance measures because they exclude interest expense, income tax (benefit) expense and 
depreciation and amortization which are necessary to operate our business or which we otherwise incur or experience in 
connection with the operation of our business.  In addition, we exclude other income and expense items which are 
outside of our core operations.

23

The following table provides our Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation for the last three years:

(In millions)

Year ended December 31,

Net income (loss)

Income tax provision (benefit)

Interest expense, net

Debt retirement costs

Depreciation and amortization expense

Goodwill impairment

Non-operating pension and other post retirement employee benefit (income)
expense
Other operating charges, net1
Adjusted EBITDA

Consumer Products segment income (loss)

Depreciation and amortization

Adjusted EBITDA Consumer Products segment

Pulp and Paperboard segment income

Depreciation and amortization

Adjusted EBITDA Pulp and Paperboard segment

Corporate and other expense

Depreciation and amortization

Adjusted EBITDA Corporate and other

Consumer Products segment

Pulp and Paperboard segment

Corporate and other

Adjusted EBITDA

2019

2018

2017

(5.6) $
(2.3)
44.9

2.7

115.6

—

5.7

6.3

167.3 $

(6.6) $
69.7

63.1 $

(143.8) $
10.3

30.7

—

101.9

195.1

4.9
(17.5)
181.6 $

97.3
(56.4)
31.4

—

105.0

—

(1.1)
12.2

188.4

0.3 $

57.8

46.2

60.3

58.1 $

106.5

115.3 $

130.9 $

39.4

37.8

97.5

34.5

154.7 $

168.7 $

132.0

(57.0) $
6.5
(50.5) $

63.1 $

154.7
(50.5)
167.3 $

(51.5) $
6.3
(45.2) $

58.1 $

168.7
(45.2)
181.6 $

(55.7)
5.6
(50.1)

106.5

132.0
(50.1)
188.4

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1 Other operating charges, net above excludes $4.6 million associated with accelerated depreciation related to our closures of the Oklahoma facility and 
the Long Island facility in 2017 as this amount is already included in the depreciation and amortization amount.

OUR OPERATING RESULTS

Our operating results for each of our segments are discussed below. See Note 16 "Segment Information" of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this report for further information regarding our segments. 

Consumer Products Segment

Our Consumer Products segment sells and manufacturers a complete line of at-home tissue products as well as AFH products. 
Our integrated manufacturing and converting operations and geographic footprint enable us to deliver a broad range of cost-
competitive products with brand equivalent quality to our customers. 

24

Segment sales, operating income and Adjusted EBITDA for the Consumer Products segment were as follows:

(Dollars in millions, except per unit)

Increase (decrease)

Year ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

2019 - 2018

2018 - 2017

Sales:

Retail tissue

Non-retail tissue

Other

Operating income (loss)

Operating margin

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Shipments (short tons):

Retail tissue

Non-retail tissue

Sales price (short tons):

Retail tissue

Non-retail tissue

$

845.6

$

794.4

$

857.6

56.5

4.7

88.2

2.2

81.1

3.2

906.8

$

884.8

$

941.9

(6.6)

(0.7)%

0.3

—%

46.2

4.9%

$

$

$

6.4 %

(35.9)%

113.6 %

2.5 %

(7.4)%

8.8 %

(31.3)%

(6.1)%

nm

nm

63.1

$

58.1

$

106.5

8.6 %

(45.4)%

7.0 %

6.6%

11.3%

308,805

32,164

293,856

58,577

309,067

55,562

$

$

2,738

1,756

$

$

2,703

1,506

$

$

2,775

1,440

5.1 %

(45.1)%

1.3 %

16.6 %

(4.9)%

5.4 %

(2.6)%

4.6 %

Net sales for the Consumer Products segment increased $22.0 million, or 2.5%, compared to 2018 due to higher average 
net selling prices due to a price increase implemented in the second half of 2018 and a favorable mix shift resulting from 
a higher percentage of retail sales. This change was partially offset due to decreased non-retail sales volume resulting 
from the sale of our Ladysmith, Wisconsin facility in the third quarter of 2018. The segment had an operating loss of 
$6.6 million for 2019 compared to income of $0.3 million in 2018. Overall, the decrease in operating results in this 
segment was due to higher pulp costs and ramp-up costs, increased depreciation expense and higher wage and benefit 
costs associated with the Shelby expansion project, partially offset by lower transportation costs and higher shipments. 

Pulp and Paperboard Segment 

Our Pulp and Paperboard segment markets and produces bleached paperboard to quality-conscious printers and 
packaging converters, and offers services that include custom sheeting, slitting and cutting. 

25

Segment sales, operating profit and Adjusted EBITDA for the Pulp and Paperboard segment were as follows:

(Dollars in millions, except per unit)

Increase (decrease)

Year ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

2019 - 2018

2018 - 2017

Sales:

Paperboard

Other

Operating income

Operating margin

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Shipments (short tons)
Sales price (short tons)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

848.4

6.3

854.7

115.3

13.5%

$

$

$

837.9

1.5

839.4

130.9

15.6%

788.5

—

788.5

97.5

12.4%

1.3 %

6.3%

320.0 %

nm

1.8 %

6.5%

(11.9)%

34.3%

154.7

$

168.7

$

132.0

(8.3)%

27.8%

18.1%

20.1%

16.7%

844,661
1,004

859,348
$975

828,201
$952

(1.7)%
3.0 %

3.8%
2.4%

Net sales for Pulp and Paperboard segment increased $15.3 million, or 1.8%, during 2019 as compared to 2018 due to 
favorable pricing resulting from a price increase implemented in the 2018 on slightly lower volumes. Operating income 
for the segment decreased compared to 2018 due to the planned major maintenance at our Idaho pulp and paperboard 
facility in the third quarter of 2019 and our Arkansas facility in the fourth quarter of 2019 and as well as higher energy 
costs. Partially offsetting these items was lower chemical costs and favorable pricing.

Corporate expenses

Corporate expenses were $57.0 million in 2019 as compared to $51.5 million in 2018. Corporate expenses primarily 
consist of corporate overhead such as wages and benefits, professional fees, insurance and other expenses for corporate 
functions including certain executive officers, public company costs, information technology, financial services, 
environmental and safety, legal, supply management, human resources and other corporate functions not directly 
associated with the business operations. The increase in 2019 as compared to 2018 was primarily due to higher IT related 
expenses and higher incentive pay.

Other operating charges

See Note 10 "Other Operating Charges, net" included in Item 8 of this report for additional information.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense increased during 2019 as compared to 2018 due to our higher debt balances, partially offset by lower 
interest rates.

Income taxes

We recorded a tax benefit of $2.3 million in 2019. For 2019, the primary differences between the U.S. statutory rate of 
21% and the effective rate applied to income (loss) before income taxes relates to a federal tax benefit for tax credits 
offset by increases in our valuation allowances. 

The estimated annual effective tax rate for 2020 is expected to be approximately 25%.

26

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Overview 

Our principal sources of liquidity are existing cash, cash generated by our operations and our ability to borrow under 
such credit facilities as we may have in effect from time to time. At times, we may also issue equity, debt or hybrid 
securities or engage in other capital market transactions. Due to the competitive and cyclical nature of the markets in 
which we operate, there is uncertainty regarding the amount of cash flows we will generate during the next twelve 
months. However, we believe that our cash flows from operations, our cash on hand and our borrowing capacity under 
our credit agreements will be adequate to fund debt service requirements and provide cash to support our ongoing 
operations, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Our principal uses of liquidity are paying the costs and expenses associated with our operations, servicing outstanding 
indebtedness and making capital expenditures. We may also from time to time prepay or repurchase outstanding 
indebtedness or shares or acquire assets or businesses that are complementary to our operations. Any such repurchases 
may be commenced, suspended, discontinued or resumed, and the method or methods of effecting any such repurchases 
may be changed at any time or from time to time without prior notice.

Operating Activities

During 2019, we generated $55.6 million of cash from operations, as compared to $168.9 million in 2018. This decrease 
was driven by lower net income (excluding one-time goodwill impairment in 2018) which was driven by higher cost of 
sales due to increased purchased pulp prices and maintenance and energy costs, as well as higher production costs 
associated with the ramp-up of our Shelby, North Carolina expansion project in 2019. We paid an additional $10.4 
million in interest during 2019 due to higher debt balances. Additionally, our working capital decreased $68.5 million in 
2019, compared to increasing $30.2 million in 2018, as a result of the 2019 borrowings under the Term Loan and ABL 
Credit Agreements which reduced our use of certain accounts receivable and accounts payable arrangements as well as 
our focusing on reducing short term debt balances. 

Investing Activities

During 2019, we used $140.1 million in cash from investing activities for capital expenditures, primarily to complete the 
Shelby expansion, which included a new tissue machine and related converting equipment, as well as the Lewiston pulp 
optimization project.  Included in accounts payable is $6.3 million related to capital expenditures that had not yet been 
paid. 

Financing Activities

Net cash flows from financing activities were $82.0 million for 2019 due to increased net borrowings. With the closing 
of our $300 million Term Loan Credit Agreement and the borrowing of $58 million under our $250 million ABL Credit 
Agreement, we repaid the $200 million outstanding credit agreement balance with Northwest Farm Credit Services and 
the $135 million outstanding balance on the credit agreement with Wells Fargo. 

Capital Expenditures

In addition to ongoing maintenance and repair costs, we make capital expenditures to increase our operating capacity and 
efficiency, improve safety at our facilities and comply with environmental laws. Our strategic projects are intended to 
grow our business to meet customer demands and to reduce future manufacturing costs and provide a positive return on 
investment. In 2020, we expect cash paid for capital expenditures to be approximately $45 to $50 million. 

Credit Agreements 

Commencing March 31, 2020, we are required to make quarterly installment payments of approximately $0.8 million on 
the outstanding principal of our Term Loan Credit Agreement. In addition, we must make mandatory prepayments of 
principal under the Term Loan Credit Agreement upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including Excess Cash 
Flow as defined by the Credit Agreement. The calculation of Excess Cash Flow commences with the year ended 
December 31, 2020. There is uncertainty regarding the amount of cash flow we will generate during the next twelve 
months, therefore, we are unable to estimate an Excess Cash Flow payment that could be required in the first quarter of 
2021. Amounts repaid or prepaid cannot be reborrowed. However, we may add one or more incremental term loan 
facilities to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, subject to obtaining commitments from any participating lenders and 
certain other conditions, so long as our first lien secured leverage ratio does not exceed 2.00 to 1.00.

27

The ABL Credit Agreement includes a $250 million revolving loan commitment, subject to borrowing base limitations. 
As of December 31, 2019, $217 million was available under the ABL Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the ABL 
Credit Agreement are subject to mandatory prepayment in certain circumstances. We may also increase commitments 
under the ABL Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100 million, subject to obtaining 
commitments from any participating lenders and certain other conditions.

Our Credit Agreements contain certain customary representations, warranties and affirmative and negative covenants. 
The ABL Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant, which requires us to maintain a consolidated fixed charge 
coverage ratio of not less than 1.10 to 1.00, provided that the financial covenant under the ABL Credit Agreement is only 
applicable when availability falls below a certain threshold.

At December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the Credit Agreements, and based on our current financial 
projections, we expect to remain in compliance. However, if our financial position, results of operations or market 
conditions deteriorate, we may not be able to remain in compliance. There can be no assurance that we will be able to 
remain in compliance with our Credit Agreements. If we are unable to do so, it would be necessary to seek an 
amendment from our lenders, which, if obtained, could require payment of additional fees, increased interest rates or 
other conditions or restrictions. See Note 8, "Debt" to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this 
report for additional discussion of our Credit Agreements.

Other Financing Arrangements 

To provide additional working capital, from time to time, we may enter into agreements with unrelated third-party 
financial institutions to sell certain trade receivables or have supply-chain financing programs with financial 
intermediaries. At December 31, 2019, we had no active supply-chain financing programs. Supply-chain financing 
programs provide certain of our vendors the option to be paid by the financial intermediaries on our trade payables 
earlier than the due date on the applicable invoice.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2019. See the footnotes following the 
table for information regarding the amounts presented.

(In millions)
Short-term debt
Long-term debt1
Finance leases2
Operating leases2
Purchase obligations3
Other long-term obligations4, 5
Total

Payments due by period

Total

$

13.5
1,103.9
33.9
93.5
67.5
57.5
$ 1,369.8

Less than 1
year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than 5
years

$

$

13.5
46.8
3.2
17.4
65.7
7.6
154.2

$

— $

— $

93.1
6.3
32.4
0.9
11.8
144.4

$

348.7
5.7
17.0
0.9
9.8
382.2

$

$

—
615.3
18.7
26.7
—
28.3
689.0

1  

2  
3  

Amounts presented for principal and interest payments assume that all long-term debt outstanding as of December 31, 2019 will be paid based 
upon stated rates, terms and interest rates on variable rate debt in effect as of December 31, 2019 will remain in effect until maturity. 

These amounts represent our minimum lease payments, including amounts representing interest. 

Purchase obligations consist primarily of contracts for the purchase of chemicals and pulp from third parties and contracts with natural gas and 
electricity providers that are legally binding on us and that specify fixed or minimum quantities. Purchase obligations exclude arrangements that 
we can cancel without penalty. 

4    Other long-term obligations consist of estimated benefit payments for postretirement employee benefit and supplemental pension plans, deferred 

compensation arrangements and asset retirement obligations. 

5 

Other obligations exclude $3.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits due to the uncertainty of timing of payment. 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future 
effect on our financial condition or consolidated financial statements.

28

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risks on financial instruments includes interest rate risk on our Term Loan and ABL Credit 
Agreements. As of December 31, 2019, there were $313.5 million in borrowings outstanding under our Credit 
Agreements. The interest rates applied to our Credit Agreements are adjusted often and therefore react quickly to any 
movement in the general trend of market interest rates. A one percentage point increase or decrease in interest rates, 
based on assumed outstanding borrowings of $313.5 million, would have a $3.1 million annual effect on interest 
expense. 

We currently do not attempt to alleviate the effects of short-term interest rate fluctuations on our credit facilities 
borrowings through the use of derivative financial instruments. However, we may do so in the future.

Foreign Currency Risk

We have minimal foreign currency exchange risk. Nearly all of our international sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. 

Quantitative Information about Market Risks

(In millions)
Long-term debt:

Fixed rate
Variable rate

Revolving credit facility

Average interest rate

Fair value at December 31, 2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

Thereafter

Total 

Expected Maturity Date

$ — $ — $ — $ 275.0
3.0
$

3.0

3.0

3.0

$

$

$

$ — $ 300.0
$ 285.0
$

3.0

$ 575.0
$ 300.0

$

13.5

$ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $

13.5

3.00%

5.00%

5.00%

4.50%

5.00%

5.19%

4.97%

$ 887.5

29

 
ITEM 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 

Clearwater Paper Corporation:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Clearwater Paper Corporation and subsidiaries (the 
Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, 
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the 
related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements 
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the 
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 6, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Change in Accounting Principle 

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for 
leases as of January 1, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 - Leases. 

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the 
PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material 
misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated 
financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2007. 

Seattle, Washington 

March 6, 2020

30

CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in millions, except per share information)
ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.5 at December 31, 2019 and
2018

Taxes receivable
Inventories
Other current assets

Total current assets
Property, plant and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Goodwill and intangible assets, net
Other assets, net
TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities
Long-term debt
Long-term operating lease liabilities
Liability for pension and other postretirement employee benefits
Other long-term obligations
Deferred tax liabilities
TOTAL LIABILITIES
Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized,
  no shares issued
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized,
  16,515,813 and 16,482,345 shares issued
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Total stockholders’ equity
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

At December 31,

2019

2018

$

20.0
1.4

159.1
0.3
281.4
3.6
465.8
1,257.7
73.1
52.0
29.1
1,877.7

17.9
262.5
280.4
884.5
65.6
76.6
17.3
121.3
1,445.7

$

$

22.5
—

145.5
6.3
266.2
3.4
443.9
1,269.3
—
59.2
15.7
1,788.1

122.2
327.0
449.2
692.9
—
78.2
20.2
121.2
1,361.7

—

—

—
9.8
481.7
(59.5)
432.0
1,877.7

$

—
6.4
487.3
(67.3)
426.4
1,788.1

$

$

$

$

31

 
CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Operations

For The Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

1,761.5

$

1,724.2

$

1,730.4

1,536.7

1,521.2

1,597.0

112.8

6.3

—

1,716.1

45.4
(44.9)
(2.7)

107.8
(17.5)
195.1

1,822.1
(97.9)
(30.7)
—

(5.7)
(7.9)
(2.3)
(5.6) $

(4.9)
(133.5)
10.3
(143.8) $

121.2

16.8

—

1,659.2

71.2
(31.4)
—

1.1

40.9
(56.4)
97.3

(0.34) $
(0.34)

(8.72) $
(8.72)

5.91

5.88

16,533

16,533

16,487

16,487

16,464

16,556

$

$

(In millions, except per-share data)
Net sales

Costs and expenses:

Cost of sales

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Other operating charges, net

Goodwill impairment

Total operating costs and expenses

Income (loss) from operations

Interest expense, net

Debt retirement costs

Non-operating pension and other postretirement employee
   benefits income (expense)

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax provision (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Average shares of common stock used to compute net income
   (loss) per share: (in thousands)

Basic

Diluted

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

32

 
CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In millions)
Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Defined benefit pension and other post retirement employee benefits:

Net (loss) gain arising during the period, net of tax
  of $0.9, $(5.7) and $2.5

Amortization of actuarial loss included in net periodic cost,
  net of tax of $1.9, $2.4 and $1.3

Amortization of prior service credit included in net
  periodic cost, net of tax of $-, $(0.4), and $(0.6)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Comprehensive income (loss)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

For The Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

(5.6) $

(143.8) $

97.3

2.7

5.1

—

7.8
2.2

(16.0)

6.8

(1.3)
(10.5)
(154.3) $

$

6.7

2.0

(0.9)
7.8
105.1

$

33

 
CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows from
  operating activities:

Goodwill impairment
Depreciation and amortization
Equity-based compensation expense
Deferred taxes
Pension and other post employment benefits
Debt retirement costs
Gain on divested assets, net
Disposal of plant and equipment, net
Other non-cash activity
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
(Increase) decrease in taxes receivable, net
Increase in inventory
(Increase) decrease in other current assets
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Other, net

Net cash flows from operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to property, plant and equipment
Net proceeds from divested assets
Other, net
Net cash flows from investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of treasury stock
Borrowings on short-term debt
Repayments of borrowings on short-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayment of long-term debt
Payments for debt issuance costs
Other, net
Net cash flows from financing activities
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized
Cash paid for income taxes
Cash received from income tax refunds

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

For The Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

(5.6) $

(143.8) $

97.3

—
115.6
4.1
(0.3)
1.4
2.7
—
0.7
2.5

(13.6)
(4.4)
(21.2)
(0.8)
(28.5)
3.0
55.6

(140.1)
—
—
(140.1)

—
549.3
(657.7)
296.1
(103.0)
(2.3)
(0.4)
82.0
(2.5)
24.9
22.4

38.4
3.6
0.5

$

$
$
$

195.1
101.9
3.3
7.1
(0.6)
—
(25.5)
0.7
1.5

(7.3)
14.0
(8.1)
6.4
25.2
(1.0)
168.9

(295.7)
70.9
0.8
(224.0)

—
630.8
(565.0)
—
—
(2.1)
(0.4)
63.3
8.2
16.7
24.9

26.1
3.7
14.3

$

$
$
$

—
105.0
3.6
(40.6)
(5.1)
—
—
4.1
2.9

5.6
(10.6)
(14.8)
(0.3)
31.3
0.3
178.7

(199.7)
—
0.9
(198.8)

(4.9)
298.3
(278.3)
—
—
(0.1)
(1.2)
13.8
(6.3)
23.0
16.7

28.1
2.7
7.6

$

$
$
$

34

CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In millions, except share amounts which are in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2016

Net income
Performance share, restricted stock unit, and stock
option awards, net

Pension and OPEB, net of tax of $3.2
Purchase of treasury stock
Retirement of treasury stock
Balance at December 31, 2017

Net loss
Performance share, restricted stock unit, and stock
option awards, net
Reclassification of the income tax effects of the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Pension and OPEB, net of tax of ($3.7)

Balance at December 31, 2018

Net loss
Performance share, restricted stock unit, and stock
option awards, net
Pension and OPEB, net of tax of $2.8

Balance at December 31, 2019

3
5

Common Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Amount

Shares
24,223
—

$

— $
—

347.1
—

Retained
Earnings
569.9
$
97.3

46
—
—
(7,821)
16,448
—

34

—
—
16,482
—

33
—
16,515

—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—
—
—
—

—
—
— $

$

5.3
—
—
(351.3)
1.1
—

5.3

—
—
6.4
—

3.4
—
9.8

$

—
—
—
(48.9)
618.3
(143.8)

—

12.8
—
487.3
(5.6)

—
—
481.7

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Total
Stockholders'
Equity

(7,736) $ (395.3) $

—

—

(51.8) $
—

—
—
(85)
7,821
—
—

—

—
—
—
—

—
—
(4.9)
400.2
—
—

—

—
—
—
—

—
7.8
—
—
(44.0)
—

—

(12.8)
(10.5)
(67.3)
—

—
—
— $

—
—
— $

—
7.8
(59.5) $

469.9
97.3

5.3
7.8
(4.9)
—
575.4
(143.8)

5.3

—
(10.5)
426.4
(5.6)

3.4
7.8
432.0

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1

NOTE 2

NOTE 3

NOTE 4

NOTE 5

NOTE 6

NOTE 7

NOTE 8

NOTE 9

NOTE 10

NOTE 11

NOTE 12

NOTE 13

NOTE 14

NOTE 15

NOTE 16

NOTE 17

NOTE 18

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Recently Adopted and New Accounting Policies

Fair Value Measurements

Leases

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Income Taxes

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

Debt

Asset Divestiture

Other Operating Charges, net

Savings, Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefit Plans

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Earnings per Share

Stockholders' Equity

Commitments and Contingencies

Segment Information

Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

Subsequent Events

PAGE
NUMBER

37

41

41

42

44

45

48

49

51

52

53

59

59

59

62

62

64

72

36

  
NOTE 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We are a premier supplier of quality consumer tissue, away-from-home (AFH) tissue, parent roll tissue and bleached 
paperboard. We supply private label tissue to major retailers and wholesale distributors, including grocery, drug, mass 
merchants and discount stores. In addition, we supply bleached paperboard to quality-conscious printers and packaging 
converters, and offer services that include custom sheeting, slitting and cutting. 

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation.

Unless the context otherwise requires or unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to “Clearwater Paper 
Corporation,” “we,” “our,” “the Company” and “us” refer to Clearwater Paper Corporation and its subsidiaries.

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires 
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure 
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and 
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

These consolidated financial statements include the financial condition and results of operations of Clearwater Paper 
Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances between operations within 
the Company have been eliminated. 

CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH 

We consider all highly liquid instruments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash that is held 
by a third party and has restrictions on its availability to us is classified as restricted cash. The following table provides a 
reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the balance sheet that sum to the total of those 
same amounts shown in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

(In millions)

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Restricted cash included in Other assets, net

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

INVENTORY

December 31,

2019

2018

2017

20.0

$

22.5

$

1.4

1.0

—

2.4

22.4

$

24.9

$

$

$

Our inventories are stated at the lower of net realizable value or current cost using the average cost method.

(In millions)
Logs, pulpwood, chips and sawdust
Pulp, paperboard and tissue products
Materials and supplies

December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

19.4
168.9
93.1
281.4

$

$

15.7

—

1.0

16.7

19.8
159.5
86.9
266.2

37

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, including assets acquired under finance lease obligations, and any 
interest costs capitalized, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of buildings, equipment and other depreciable 
assets is determined using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives generally range from 10 to 40 years for land 
improvements, 10 to 40 years for buildings and improvements and 2 to 25 years for machinery and equipment (includes 
office and other equipment).

(In millions)
Land and land improvements
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment
Construction in progress

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

Property, plant and equipment, net

December 31,

2019

2018

109.9
478.7
2,441.7
9.2
3,039.5
(1,781.8)
1,257.7

$

$

95.3
381.1
2,211.3
273.3
2,961.0
(1,691.7)
1,269.3

$

$

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, included within buildings and improvements and machinery and equipment were 
finance leases of $26.5 million and $26.1 million.

Depreciation expense, including amounts associated with finance leases, totaled $108.4 million, $94.4 million and $97.0 
million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. 

We capitalize interest on borrowed funds during construction periods. Capitalized interest is charged to and amortized 
over the lives of the related assets. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, we capitalized $5.9 million, 
$9.0 million and $4.6 million of interest expense associated with the construction of a paper machine at our Shelby, 
North Carolina facility and the continuous pulp digester at our Lewiston, Idaho facility.

RECOVERY OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

Our long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We evaluate recoverability of an asset group by comparing its 
carrying value to the future net undiscounted cash flows that we expect will be generated by the asset group. If the 
comparison indicates that the carrying value of an asset group is not recoverable, we recognize an impairment loss for 
the excess of carrying value over the estimated fair value. When we recognize an impairment loss for assets to be held 
and used, we depreciate the adjusted carrying amount of those assets over their remaining useful life. Long-lived assets 
that are held for sale are written down to the estimated sales proceeds less cost to sell unless the estimated net proceeds 
exceed the carrying value.

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill from an acquisition represents the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the net amounts assigned to 
assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested 
for impairment annually as of November 1, as well as any time when events suggest impairment may have occurred. In 
the event the carrying value of the reporting unit in which our goodwill is assigned exceeds the estimated fair value of 
that reporting unit, an impairment loss would be recognized to the extent the carrying amount of the reporting unit 
exceeds its fair value.

We use estimates in determining and assigning the fair value of the useful lives of intangible assets, the amount and 
timing of related future cash flows and fair values of the related operations. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized 
over their useful lives, which have historically ranged from 5 to 10 years. We assess our intangible assets for impairment 
when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. 

See Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" for further discussion. 

38

PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

We are required to use actuarial methods and assumptions in the valuation of defined benefit obligations and other post 
retirement obligations and the determination of expense. Differences between actual and expected results or changes in 
the values of the obligations and plan assets are not recognized in earnings as they occur but, rather, systematically and 
gradually over subsequent periods. See Note 11, "Savings, Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefit Plans" 
for further information.

INCOME TAXES

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for 
the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of 
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change 
in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The determination of our provision for income taxes requires significant judgment, the use of estimates, and the 
interpretation and application of complex tax laws. Significant judgment is required in assessing the timing and amounts 
of deductible and taxable items and the probability of sustaining uncertain tax positions. The benefits of uncertain tax 
positions are recorded in our consolidated financial statements only after determining a more-likely-than-not probability 
that the uncertain tax positions will withstand challenge, if any, from tax authorities. When facts and circumstances 
change, we reassess these probabilities and record any changes in the consolidated financial statements as appropriate.

See Note 6, " Income Taxes" for further information.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of tissue and paperboard products, which are generally 
distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. 

Revenue is recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an 
amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. Transfer of control 
typically occurs when the title and risk of loss passes to the customer. Shipping terms generally indicate when title and 
the risk of loss have passed, usually this is upon receipt at our customer's destination. We have elected to treat shipping 
and handling costs as a fulfillment cost. We typically expense incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract (sales 
commissions) when incurred because the amortization period is generally 12 months or less. We have also elected to use 
the practical expedient to not disclose unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations as we have no unsatisfied 
contracts where the remaining portions are expected to be satisfied in a period greater than one year. 

We provide for trade promotions, customer cash discounts and other deductions, which are considered variable 
consideration and recorded as a reduction of net sales. Returns and credits are estimated at contract inception and 
updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available. Revenue, net of returns and 
credits, is only recognized to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of any incremental revenue will not 
occur. Judgment associated with forecasted volumes is required to determine the most probable amount of variable 
consideration to apply as a reduction to net sales. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers. 

Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type. Terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 days, 
and do not include a significant financing component. 

Trade accounts receivable are reported within Receivables, net, and are stated at the amount we expect to collect. Trade 
accounts receivable were $157.1 million and $142.8 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018. Trade accounts receivable 
do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the losses we expect will result from the 
inability of our customers to make required payments. 

See to Note 16, "Segment Information" for further information, including the disaggregation of revenue by segment, 
primary geographical market, and major product type. 

39

OTHER OPERATING CHARGES, NET

We classify significant amounts unrelated to ongoing core operating activities as “Other operating charges, net” in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations. Such items include, but are not limited to, amounts related to restructuring 
charges (including severance charges), charges to establish and maintain litigation or environmental reserves, product 
reserves, retirement charges and gains or losses from settlements with governmental or other organizations. Due to the 
nature of these items, amounts in the income statement can fluctuate from year to year. The determination of which items 
are considered significant and unrelated to core operations is based upon management’s judgment. See Note 10, "Other 
Operating Charges, net" for a discussion of specific amounts in 2019, 2018 and 2017.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE ARRANGEMENTS

We have utilized an Account Purchase Agreement (APA) to sell, on a revolving and discounted basis, certain trade 
accounts receivable balances to an unrelated third-party financial institution. The APA was terminated in the fourth 
quarter of 2019. Under the APA, we retained no interest in the receivables sold, however, we did have servicing 
responsibilities for the sold receivables, such as collection. The fair value of the servicing arrangement was not material 
to our financial statements. 

As of December 31, 2019, all amounts collected from customers under the APA had been remitted to the third-party 
financial institution. At December 31, 2018, we had collected $4.9 million of cash from customers that had not yet been 
remitted to the third-party financial institution.

In addition, for one of our large customers, during 2019 we entered into an uncommitted supply-chain financing program 
with a global financial institution under which this customer's trade accounts receivable may be acquired, without 
recourse, by the financial institution at a discounted rate. Available capacity under this program is dependent on the level 
of our trade accounts receivable with this customer and the financial institution’s willingness to purchase such 
receivables. We have no servicing responsibilities under this agreement.

Receivables sold are de-recognized from our Consolidated Balance Sheet. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018, we sold $159.3 million and $68.8 million of receivables. The proceeds from these sales of receivables are included 
within operating activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31, 2019, 
factoring expense on the sale of receivables was $1.0 million, which is included in the "Interest expense, net" line in the 
Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the year ended December 31, 2018, factoring expense was $0.2 million.

ACCOUNTS PAYABLE ARRANGEMENTS

We have used supply-chain financing programs with financial intermediaries, which have provided certain of our 
vendors the option to be paid by the financial intermediaries on our trade payables earlier than the due date on the 
applicable invoice. We have no such active programs at December 31, 2019. 

Under supply-chain financing programs, when a vendor receives an early payment from a financial intermediary on a 
trade payable for which it invoiced us, we pay that financial intermediary the face amount of the invoice on the regularly 
scheduled due date. If we reimburse vendors for certain fees they may incur in connection with receiving an early 
payment on an invoice, the amount of such invoice that would have otherwise been included in our trade payables is 
included in our short-term debt. As of December 31, 2018, $20.8 million was included in “Short-term debt” on our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet related to invoices for which we had reimbursed our vendors’ fees. 

ENVIRONMENTAL AND ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS

We estimate our environmental and asset retirement obligations based on various assumptions and judgments, the 
specific nature of which varies in light of the particular facts and circumstances surrounding each liability. These 
estimates typically reflect assumptions and judgments as to the probable nature, magnitude and timing of required 
investigation, remediation and monitoring activities and the probable cost of these activities. Currently, we are not aware 
of any material environmental liabilities and have accrued only for specific costs related to environmental matters that 
we have determined are probable and for which an amount can be reasonably estimated. For asset retirement obligations, 
the liability is accreted to its settlement value and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related 
asset. Upon settlement of the liability, we recognize a gain or loss for any difference between the settlement amount and 
the liability recorded.

40

NOTE 2 Recently Adopted and New Accounting Standards
RECENTLY ADOPTED

On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and subsequent ASUs related to Topic 842. The new 
guidance increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities 
on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The adoption of Topic 842 had a 
material impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use (ROU) assets of approximately 
$85 million and lease liabilities of approximately $90 million as of January 1, 2019. The difference between these lease 
assets and lease liabilities represents deferred rent balances that were reclassified on the balance sheet. The adoption of 
Topic 842 did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Statement of Operations or our Consolidated Statement of 
Cash Flows. We will continue to report periods prior to January 1, 2019 under prior guidance as outlined in Accounting 
Standards Codification Topic 840, "Leases." See Note 4, "Leases" for further discussion.

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 
350-40). This ASU requires capitalization of certain implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement 
that is a service contract. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim 
periods therein. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General 
(Subtopic 715-20), which modifies the disclosure requirements for defined benefit and other postretirement plans. This 
ASU eliminates certain disclosures associated with accumulated other comprehensive income, plan assets, related parties 
and the effects of interest rate basis point changes on assumed health care costs, with other disclosures being added to 
address significant gains and losses related to changes in benefit obligations. This ASU also clarifies disclosure 
requirements for projected benefit and accumulated benefit obligations. The amendments in this ASU are effective for 
fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted and adoption on a retrospective basis for all 
periods presented required. We do not believe it will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements 
beyond updating footnote disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), 
which modifies the measurement approach for credit losses on financial assets measured on an amortized cost basis from 
an 'incurred loss' method to an 'expected loss' method. Such modification of the measurement approach for credit losses 
eliminates the requirement that a credit loss be considered probable, or incurred, to impact the valuation of a financial 
asset measured on an amortized cost basis. The amended guidance requires the measurement of expected credit losses to 
be based on relevant information, including historical experience, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable 
forecast that affects the collectability of the related financial asset. This amendment will affect trade receivables, off-
balance sheet credit exposures and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope of this amendment that have 
the contractual right to receive cash. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after 
December 15, 2019. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the Accounting for Income 
Taxes, which removes certain exceptions, such as the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim 
period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year, and simplifies the accounting for income taxes 
in areas such as franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. The new standard is effective for annual 
and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in any interim 
period. We do not believe this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

We reviewed all other new accounting pronouncements issued in the period and concluded that they are not applicable to 
our business. 

NOTE 3 Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) 
in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable 
inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. We are required to classify these 
financial assets and liabilities into two groups: recurring-measured on a periodic basis and non-recurring-measured on an 
as needed basis.

41

There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical 
unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar 
assets or liabilities in inactive markets; or valuations based on models where the significant inputs are 
observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Valuations based on models where significant inputs are not observable. Unobservable inputs are used 
when little or no market data is available and reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions 
market participants would use.

Carrying amounts reported on the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables and accounts 
payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. See discussion on fair market values 
for Long-term Debt included within Note 8, "Debt".

We review the carrying values of goodwill and long-lived assets to be held and used for impairment wherever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate possible impairment. An impairment loss is recognized when a long-lived asset's 
carrying value is not recoverable and exceeds estimated fair value. See discussion on fair market values for Goodwill 
included within Note 5, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets".

NOTE 4 Leases
Our adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and subsequent ASUs related to Topic 842, requires us to recognize 
substantially all leases on the balance sheet as a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability. The new guidance also 
requires additional disclosures as detailed below. We adopted this standard on the effective date of January 1, 2019 and 
used this effective date as the date of initial application. Under this application method, we were not required to restate 
prior period financial information or provide Topic 842 disclosures for prior periods. We elected the ‘package of practical 
expedients’ which permitted us to not reassess our prior conclusions related to lease identification, lease classification 
and initial direct costs, as well as the practical expedient to not reassess certain land easements. We did not elect the use 
of hindsight. We combine ROU asset amortization and the change in the lease liability in the same line item on the 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

We have operating leases for manufacturing, office, warehouse and distribution space, paperboard sheeting and chipping 
facilities, equipment and vehicles. We also have finance leases related to our North Carolina converting and 
manufacturing facilities, as well as for certain office and other equipment. We determine if a contract is a lease at the 
inception of the arrangement. We review all options to extend, terminate or purchase the ROU assets, and when 
reasonably certain to exercise, we include the option in the determination of the lease term and lease liability. Our leases 
have remaining lease terms from less than one year to twelve years , and some of our leases include one or more options 
to renew. 

Lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease. Lease ROU assets and liabilities 
are measured based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term and are reduced by any lease incentives 
received. Our leases have not provided an implicit rate, therefore, we use our incremental borrowing rate, which is based 
on quoted rates from our lender for the term and underlying collateral at the lease commencement date. The depreciable 
life of leasehold improvements is limited to the expected lease term unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option 
reasonably certain of exercise.

Short-term leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Lease 
expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As of December 31, 2019, our 
short-term lease expense was not material. Our variable lease costs, which are considered non-lease components, consist 
primarily of taxes, insurance and common area maintenance. Lease and non-lease components are treated as a single 
lease component. For the year ended December 31, 2019, sublease income was immaterial to the financial statements.

The tables below present financial information associated with our leases. This information is only presented as 
of December 31, 2019. We adopted Topic 842 using the alternative modified retrospective transition approach that does 
not require application to periods prior to adoption.

42

LEASE EXPENSE

(In millions)
Operating lease costs

Finance lease costs:

Amortization of right-of-use assets
Interest on lease liabilities
Total finance lease costs

Variable lease costs

Total lease costs

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

(In millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases
Operating cash flows from finance leases
Financing cash flows from finance leases

Non-cash amounts for lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets:

Operating leases
Finance leases

SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

Year Ended
December 31, 2019

$

15.0

1.7
1.9
3.6

1.2

$

19.8

Year Ended
December 31, 2019

$

$

16.6
1.9
1.3

2.5
0.5

(In millions)
Lease ROU Assets
Operating lease assets
Finance lease assets

Accumulated Depreciation
Total lease ROU assets

Lease Liabilities
Current operating lease liabilities
Current finance lease liabilities
Total current lease liabilities

Non-current operating lease liabilities
Non-current finance lease liabilities
Total non-current lease liabilities

Total operating lease liabilities
Total finance lease liabilities
Total lease liabilities

Classification

December 31, 2019

Operating lease right-of-use assets
Property, plant and equipment, net

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Short-term debt

Long-term operating lease liabilities
Long-term debt

43

$

$

$

$

73.1
26.5
(11.1)
88.5

13.9
1.4
15.3

65.6
20.6
86.2

79.5
22.0
101.5

December 31, 2019

6.6
10.7

4.9%
8.3%

3.2
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8
18.7
33.9
(11.9)
22.0

LEASE TERM AND DISCOUNT RATE

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)

Operating leases
Finance leases

Weighted average discount rate

Operating leases
Finance leases

MATURITY OF LEASE LIABILITIES

As of December 31, 2019, our future maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:

(In millions)
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total lease payments

Less interest portion

Total

Operating

Finance

$

$

17.4
16.7
15.7
9.6
7.4
26.7
93.5
(14.0)
79.5

$

$

As of December 31, 2018, as previously disclosed in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and under the previous 
lease accounting standard, we had future minimum lease payments as follows:

(In millions)
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Thereafter
Total future minimum lease payments

Less interest portion

Present value of future minimum lease payments

$

$

Operating

Capital

12.0
11.4
10.4
9.5
7.2
24.3
74.8

$

$

3.1
3.1
3.1
3.0
2.8
21.7
36.8
(13.9)
22.9

NOTE 5 Goodwill and Intangible Assets
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $35.1 million of goodwill included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. 
Goodwill is not amortized but tested for impairment annually as of each November 1st and at any time when events 
suggest impairment may have occurred.

In August 2018, we sold our Ladysmith, Wisconsin tissue manufacturing facility for net cash proceeds of approximately 
$71 million. In connection with the sale, we recorded a $14.0 million write-off of goodwill of the Consumer Products 
reporting unit. The goodwill was allocated to our divested assets by estimating the fair value of the Ladysmith facility 
compared to the estimated fair value of the Consumer Products reporting unit, which was then used to estimate the 
amount of goodwill to allocate to the sold business. 

In 2018, we conducted our annual impairment test as of the November 1, 2018 measurement date and concluded, based 
on a weakened market outlook, that the estimated fair value of the Consumer Products reporting unit, using a discounted 
44

cash flow methodology, was below the carrying value of the reporting unit, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of 
$195.1 million. This amount represented the remaining goodwill associated with our Consumer Products reporting unit 
that was originally recorded as the result of our acquisition of Cellu Tissue Holdings, Inc. in 2010. 

Changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets by reportable segment were as follows:

(In millions)

Consumer Products

Pulp and Paperboard

Total

Balance as of December 31, 2017

$

209.1

$

10.1

$

35.1

$

22.4

$

Goodwill

Intangibles

Goodwill

Intangibles

  Impairment
  Write off due to Ladysmith sale

  Amortization

Balance as of December 31, 2018

  Amortization

(195.1)

(14.0)

—

—

—

Balance as of December 31, 2019

$

— $

—

(0.9)
(4.6)
4.6
(4.3)
0.3

—

—

—

35.1

—

$

35.1

$

—

—
(2.9)
19.5
(2.9)
16.6

$

276.7
(195.1)

(14.9)
(7.5)
59.2
(7.2)
52.0

As of December 31, 2019, intangible assets consisted of $15.0 million customer relationships, $1.7 million tradenames 
and trademarks and $0.2 million other intangibles. As of December 31, 2018, intangible assets consisted of $21.0 million 
customer relationships, $2.8 million tradenames and trademarks and $0.3 million other intangibles. Definite-lived 
intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives, which have historically ranged from 5 to 10 years. 

Accumulated amortization of definite lived intangible assets at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $46.9 million, 
$39.7 million and $37.8 million.

As of December 31, 2019, estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows (in millions):

Years ending December 31,
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

Amount

3.3
2.9
2.2
2.1
2.1
4.3
16.9

$

$

NOTE 6 Income Taxes
We are subject to corporate level federal and state income taxes in the United States. On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, the 
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Act), was enacted. The Act contained significant changes to corporate taxation, including the 
reduction of the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018 and interest limitation rules under IRC 
Section 163(j). The Act required a remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the date of enactment 
due to the corporate tax rate reduction. Accordingly, the 2017 tax provision included a tax benefit of $70.1 million 
resulting from a decrease in net deferred tax liabilities.

In 2019, we deferred $9.9 million of interest expense under the interest limitation rules, compared to $2.5 million in 
2018. During 2018, we recorded $41.0 million of tax expense related to impairment of non-deductible goodwill. 

45

The income tax provision (benefit) is comprised of the following:

(In millions)
Current

Federal
State

    Total current
Deferred
Federal
State

    Total deferred
Income tax provision (benefit)

For The Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

(2.1) $
0.1
(2.0)

(0.6)
0.3
(0.3)
(2.3) $

1.1
2.1
3.2

3.6
3.5
7.1
10.3

$

$

The income tax provision (benefit) differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate 
of 21.0% in 2019 and 2018 and 35.0% in 2017 to income (loss) before income taxes due to the following:

(In millions)
Tax at the statutory rate

Goodwill impairment

Federal rate change

State and local taxes, net of federal income tax impact

Adjustment for state deferred tax rate

Federal credits and net operating losses

Uncertain tax positions

Stock compensation

Non-deductible expenses

Change in valuation allowances
Other, net1
Income tax provision (benefit)

For The Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

(1.7) $
—

(28.0) $
41.0

—
(0.9)
(1.2)
(2.3)
0.7

0.6

0.4

2.3
(0.2)
(2.3) $

—

4.4

0.1
(10.9)
—

0.7

0.2

—

2.8

10.3

$

$

$

1 

Includes $2.9 million of expense associated with the write-off of goodwill as part of our divestiture discussed in Note 10, "Other Operating 
Charges, net" for the year ended December 31, 2018.

During 2019, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets increased by $2.3 million and during 2018 the valuation 
allowance for deferred tax assets remained comparable to the prior year.  The increase of $2.3 million was offset by a 
release of state valuation allowances of $0.8 million during the period due to the lapse of statutes.

(16.7)
0.9
(15.8)

(36.8)
(3.8)
(40.6)
(56.4)

14.3

—
(70.1)
(1.2)
(0.7)
(3.2)
0.3

2.2

0.3

0.8

0.9
(56.4)

46

The tax effects of significant temporary differences creating deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 were:

(In millions)
Deferred tax assets:

Employee benefits

Postretirement employee benefits

Incentive compensation

Inventories

Pensions

Federal and state credit carryforwards

Federal and state net operating losses

Deferred interest expense

Operating leases

Other

Total deferred tax assets

Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Deferred tax liabilities:

Property, plant and equipment, net

Operating leases

Intangible assets, net

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of:

(In millions)
Non-current deferred tax assets1
Non-current deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

2019

2018

$

3.8

$

17.1

4.4

7.6

3.2

10.3

8.8

12.4

20.5

1.6

89.7
(5.3)
84.4

4.2

15.9

4.3

6.2

7.4

10.7

2.0

2.5

—

3.0

56.2
(3.8)
52.4

(179.2)
(18.9)
(3.8)
(201.9)
(117.5) $

(161.8)
—
(5.6)
(167.4)
(115.0)  

2019

2018

$

3.8
(121.3)
(117.5) $

6.2
(121.2)
(115.0)

$

$

$

1 

Included in "Other assets, net" on our accompanying December 31, 2019 and 2018 Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We have tax benefits associated with state jurisdictions totaling $7.7 million which expire between 2020 and 2039.

We use the flow-through method to account for investment tax credits earned on eligible expenditures. Under this 
method, the investment tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense in the year they are earned.  
During 2019 and 2018, we recognized $1.3 million and $10.0 million related to energy investment tax credits.

47

The following presents a roll forward of our unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest and penalties. At 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, $3.4 million and $2.8 million were included in the "Other long-term obligations" line item 
in non-current liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining amount consisted of uncertain receivables 
and tax benefits associated with state net operating losses, which were netted with the associated deferred tax asset. 

(In millions)
Balance at December 31, 2017
Change in prior year tax positions
Reductions as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations
Change in current year tax positions

Balance at December 31, 2018

Change in prior year tax positions

Change in current year tax positions

Balance at December 31, 2019

Gross
Unrecognized
Tax Benefits,
Excluding
Interest and
Penalties

Interest
and
Penalties

Total Gross
Unrecognized
Tax Benefits

$

$

4.1
(0.6)
(0.7)
0.3

3.1

0.3

0.3

3.7

$

$

0.3
0.1
(0.1)
—

0.3

0.1

—

0.4

$

$

4.4
(0.5)
(0.8)
0.3

3.4

0.4

0.3

4.1

Unrecognized tax benefits net of related deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019, if recognized, would have favorably 
impacted our effective tax rate by decreasing our tax provision by $3.5 million. For each of the years ended December 
31, 2018 and 2017, if recognized, the balance of unrecognized tax benefits would have favorably impacted our effective 
tax rate by $2.8 million and $3.6 million. We reflect accrued interest related to tax obligations, as well as penalties, in our 
provision for income taxes. For each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, we accrued interest of less 
than $0.1 million each year in our income tax provision and no penalties in our income tax provision.

We have operations in many states within the U.S. and are subject, at times, to tax audits in these jurisdictions. With a 
few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or foreign income tax examinations by tax 
authorities for years prior to 2015. We expect that the outcome of any examination will not have a material effect on our 
consolidated financial statements. Although the timing of resolution of audits is not certain, we evaluate all audit issues 
in the aggregate, along with the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations, and estimate that it is reasonably possible 
the total gross unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by approximately $1.1 million within the next 12 months.

NOTE 7 Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

(In millions)
Trade accounts payable

Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits
Operating lease liabilities
Accrued interest

Accrued utilities

Current liability for pension and other postretirement employee benefits

Accrued taxes other than income taxes payable

Accrued discounts and allowances

Other

December 31,

2019

2018

$

149.6

$

228.1

45.0
13.9
13.3

8.6

7.4

7.1

6.6

11.0

$

262.5

$

41.4
—
14.7

6.9

7.4

6.2

8.1

14.2

327.0

Included in accounts payable is $6.3 million and $57.1 million related to capital expenditures that had not yet been paid 
as of December 31, 2019 and as of December 31, 2018.

48

NOTE 8 Debt
Long-term debt at the balance sheet dates consisted of:

(In millions)

Term loan maturing
2026, variable interest
rate

2013 Notes, maturing
2023, fixed interest rate

2014 Notes, maturing
2025, fixed interest rate

Credit Agreements,
variable interest rates

Finance leases

Supply chain financing
Total debt

Less: current portion

Net long-term portion

 December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Interest Rate at
December 31, 
2019

Principal

Unamortized
Debt Costs

Total

Principal

Unamortized
Debt Costs

Total

5.0%

$

300.0

$

(5.1) $

294.9

$

— $

— $

—

4.5%

5.4%

3.0%

275.0

300.0

13.5

22.0

—
910.5

(17.9)

$

892.6

$

(1.5)

273.5

275.0

(2.0)

273.0

(1.5)

298.5

300.0

(1.7)

298.3

13.5

22.0

—
902.4
(17.9)
884.5

$

200.0

23.0

20.8
818.8
(122.2)
696.6

$

200.0

23.0

20.8
815.1
(122.2)
692.9

(3.7)
—
(3.7) $

(8.1)
—
(8.1) $

Deferred debt costs are amortized over the life of the related debt using a straight line basis which approximates the 
effective interest method. These costs are a direct deduction from the carrying amount related to the debt liability. If the 
debt is retired early, the related unamortized deferred financing costs are written off in the period the debt is retired to 
debt retirement costs. We amortized deferred debt costs of $2.0 million, $1.4 million and $1.2 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017. Included in these amortized amounts are deferred debt costs associated with our 
current line of credit, which are recorded within "Other current assets" and "Other assets, net" on our Consolidated 
Balance Sheet. 

We estimated the Senior Notes due 2023 and 2025 to have a fair value of $574.0 million and $512.4 million at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018 based upon market quotations. We believe the carrying amounts of the Term Loan of 
$300.0 million approximates fair market value based upon current interest rates with similar maturities.

TERM LOAN AND ABL CREDIT AGREEMENTS

On July 26, 2019, we entered into credit agreements with several lenders and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan), 
as administrative agent, which included (a) a $300 million Term Loan Credit Agreement and (b) a $250 million asset 
based lending (ABL) Credit Agreement (the Term Loan Credit Agreement and ABL Credit Agreement are collectively 
referred to as the Credit Agreements). At closing, the Term Loan Credit Agreement was fully advanced and $58.0 million 
was drawn under the ABL Credit Agreement, proceeds of which were used to refinance and terminate our: (a) $200 
million credit agreement dated October 31, 2016, as amended, with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Wells 
Fargo), as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, of which $135.0 million was outstanding and (b) the $200 
million credit agreement dated October 31, 2016, as amended, with Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, (Farm Credit) 
as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, of which $200.0 million was outstanding (the Prior Credit 
Agreements);  pay fees and expenses in connection with the Credit Agreements; and for working capital purposes. 

In conjunction with the termination of the Prior Credit Agreements, of which the $200 million credit agreement with 
Wells Fargo was treated as a debt modification, debt extinguishment costs consisted of $1.7 million in breakage fees and 
$1.0 million in unamortized debt issuance costs, which were written-off as debt retirement costs during 2019. 
Unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.6 million, related to the debt modification, are being amortized over the remaining 
term of the ABL Credit Agreement. We incurred additional debt issuance costs of $7.3 million, which are allocated and 
amortized over the respective terms of the Credit Agreements.

The Credit Agreements contain certain customary representations, warranties, and affirmative and negative covenants of 
us and our subsidiaries that restrict us and our subsidiaries’ ability to take certain actions, including, incurrence of 
indebtedness, creation of liens, mergers or consolidations, dispositions of assets, repurchase or redemption of capital 

49

stock and certain types of indebtedness, making certain investments, entering into certain transactions with affiliates or 
changing the nature of our business. At December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the Credit Agreements.

Term Loan Credit Agreement

The Term Loan Credit Agreement matures on July 26, 2026. We are required to repay the aggregate outstanding principal 
amount in quarterly installments on the last day of each March, June, September and December, commencing March 31, 
2020, and ending with the last such day to occur prior to the maturity date, in an aggregate amount for each such date 
equal to the aggregate principal amount of the initial loan amount (as such amount may be adjusted pursuant to the 
prepayment provisions of the Term Loan Credit Agreement) multiplied by 0.25%. In addition, we must make mandatory 
prepayments of principal under the Term Loan Credit Agreement upon the occurrence of certain specified events, 
including certain asset sales (subject to customary reinvestment rights), debt issuances not permitted under the Term 
Loan Credit Agreement, and based on a percentage, which may vary from 50% to 0% depending on our secured leverage 
ratio, of annual excess cash flows in excess of certain threshold amounts, less any voluntary prepayments under the Term 
Loan Credit Agreement. Any remaining outstanding principal balance under the Term Loan Credit Agreement is 
repayable on the maturity date. Amounts repaid or prepaid by us with respect to the loans under the Term Loan Credit 
Agreement cannot be reborrowed. We may, at our option, prepay any borrowings under the Term Loan Credit 
Agreement, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time without premium or penalty (except in certain 
circumstances).

We may add one or more incremental term loan facilities to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, subject to obtaining 
commitments from any participating lenders and certain other conditions in an amount not to exceed (1) $100 million, 
plus (2) the amount of all voluntary prepayments of the Term Loan Credit Agreement (other than prepayments funded 
with long-term indebtedness), plus (3) an additional amount, so long as after giving effect to the incurrence of such 
additional amount, our pro forma first lien secured leverage ratio would not exceed 2.00 to 1.00.  Under the Term Loan 
Credit Agreement, loans generally may bear interest based on LIBOR or an annual base rate, as applicable, plus, in each 
case, an applicable margin, when our leverage ratio is (i) less than or equal to 4.25 to 1.00, of 3.00% per annum in the 
case of LIBOR loans and of 2.00% per annum in the case of annual base rate loans and (ii) greater than 4.25 to 1.00, of 
3.25% per annum in the case of LIBOR loans and of 2.25% per annum in the case of annual base rate loans. At 
December 31, 2019, our applicable margin on LIBOR loans was 3.25%.

ABL Credit Agreement

The ABL Credit Agreement matures on July 26, 2024 and includes a $250 million revolving loan commitment, subject to 
borrowing base limitations based on a percentage of applicable eligible receivables and eligible inventory. Up to $15 
million of the ABL Credit Agreement is available for the issuance of letters of credit, of which $4.4 million was utilized 
at December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2019, $217 million was available under the ABL Credit Agreement. We may, 
at our option, prepay any borrowings under the ABL Credit Agreement, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to 
time without premium or penalty (except in certain circumstances). Borrowings under the ABL Credit Agreement are 
also subject to mandatory prepayment in certain circumstances, including in the event that borrowings exceed applicable 
borrowing base limits. We may also increase commitments under the ABL Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal 
amount of up to $100 million, subject to obtaining commitments from any participating lenders and certain other 
conditions. 

Under the ABL Credit Agreement, loans may bear interest based on LIBOR or an annual base rate, as applicable, plus, in 
each case, an applicable margin that is based on availability (as determined under the ABL Credit Agreement) that may 
vary from 1.25% per annum to 1.75% per annum in the case of LIBOR loans and 0.25% per annum to 0.75% per annum 
in the case of annual base rate loans.  In addition, a commitment fee based on unused availability is also payable which 
may vary from 0.25% per annum to 0.375% per annum. At December 31, 2019, our weighted average interest rate was 
3.0%.  At December 31, 2019, we were able to borrow with an applicable margin of 1.25% on LIBOR loans and our 
unused commitment fee rate was 0.375%. 

The ABL Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant, which requires us to maintain a consolidated fixed charge 
coverage ratio of not less than 1.10 to 1.00, provided that the financial covenant under the ABL Credit Agreement is only 
applicable when availability falls below a certain threshold.

2013 NOTES

In 2013, we issued $275 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes (2013 Notes), due February 1, 2023, with an 
interest rate of 4.5%. 

50

The 2013 Notes are guaranteed by all of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries, as well as our future direct and 
indirect domestic subsidiaries that we do not designate as an unrestricted subsidiary under the indenture governing the 
2013 Notes. The 2013 Notes are equal in right of payment with all other existing and future unsecured senior 
indebtedness and are senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness. The 2013 Notes are effectively 
subordinated to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, including borrowings under our Term Loan and ABL 
Credit Agreements. The terms of the 2013 Notes limit our ability and the ability of any restricted subsidiaries to borrow 
money; pay dividends; redeem or repurchase capital stock; make investments; sell assets; create restrictions on the 
payment of dividends or other amounts to us from any restricted subsidiaries; enter into transactions with affiliates; enter 
into sale and lease back transactions; create liens; and consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.

We may redeem all or a portion of the 2013 Notes at specified redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest. In 
addition, we may be required to make an offer to purchase the 2013 Notes upon the sale of certain assets and upon a 
change of control.

2014 NOTES

In 2014, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes (2014 Notes), due February 1, 2025, with an 
interest rate of 5.375%. 

The 2014 Notes are guaranteed by all of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries, as well as any future direct and 
indirect domestic subsidiaries that do not constitute an immaterial subsidiary under the indenture governing the 2014 
Notes. The 2014 Notes are equal in right of payment with all other existing and future unsecured senior indebtedness and 
are senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness. The 2014 Notes are effectively subordinated to all 
of our existing and future secured indebtedness, including borrowings under our Term Loan and ABL Credit Agreements. 
The terms of the 2014 Notes limit our ability and the ability of any restricted subsidiaries to incur certain liens, engage in 
sale and leaseback transactions and consolidate, merge with, or convey, transfer or lease substantially all of our or their 
assets to another person.

We may, on any one or more occasions, redeem all or a part of the 2014 Notes, upon not less than 30 days nor more than 
60 days' notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2014 Notes redeemed, plus the 
applicable premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, to the date of redemption. In addition, we may be required to 
make an offer to purchase the 2014 Notes upon the sale of certain assets and upon a change of control.

PRIOR CREDIT AGREEMENTS

As of December 31, 2018, there was an aggregate of $200 million of borrowings outstanding under our Credit 
Agreements, which consisted of short-term base and LIBOR rate loans under our (i)  $200 million credit agreement with 
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto (the Commercial Credit 
Agreement); and (ii) $200 million credit agreement with Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, as administrative agent, 
and the lenders party thereto (the Farm Credit Agreement).  As of December 31, 2018, in our Consolidated Balance 
Sheet, a $100 million three-year borrowing under the Farm Credit Agreement was included in "Long-term debt" and 
$100 million under the Commercial Credit Agreement was included in "short-term debt." These Prior Credit Agreements 
were repaid and terminated when we entered into the 2019 Credit Agreements. Scheduled principal payments for debt 
and minimum finance lease obligations at the balance sheet date are as follows:

(In millions)

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

Thereafter

Total

December 31, 2019

Debt

17.9

4.6

4.6

279.5

4.5

599.4

910.5

$

$

NOTE 9 Asset Divestiture
In 2018, we completed the sale of our Ladysmith facility for net cash proceeds of approximately $71 million, resulting in 

51

a net gain of $24.0 million, which is recorded in "Other operating charges, net." The sale of the Ladysmith facility 
consisted of $26.8 million of property, plant and equipment and $3.4 million of inventory and did not qualify for 
discontinued operations treatment. Goodwill of $14.0 million and certain identifiable customer relationship intangibles 
of  $0.9 million associated with the divested mill were written-off. The goodwill and intangible asset charges are 
discussed further in Note 5, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets." 

As a result of this sale, we recorded an indemnity contingency of  $1.4 million which is collateralized with restricted 
cash. As of December 31, 2019, this $1.4 million is included in "Restricted cash" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. As 
of December 31, 2018, the $1.4 million was included in "Other assets, net" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

NOTE 10 Other Operating Charges, net
The major components of “Other operating charges, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years 
ended December 31 are reflected in the table below and described in the paragraphs following the table:

(In millions)
Reorganization expenses
Miscellaneous environmental accruals
Directors' equity-based compensation expense (benefit)
Gain on divested assets, net
Costs associated with facility closures
Other

Years Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

2.9
1.0
0.3
—
—
2.1
6.3

$

$

$

8.0
—
(2.3)
(24.0)
—
0.8
(17.5) $

2.3
—
(2.8)
—
16.7
0.6
16.8

2019

During 2019, we recorded a $6.3 million net loss in "Other operating charges, net". The components of the net loss 
include:

• 
• 

expenses of $2.9 million on reorganization expenses, and 
expenses of $1.0 million associated with certain environmental liabilities primarily related to asbestos 
remediation.

2018

During 2018, we recorded a $17.5 million net gain in "Other operating charges, net". The components of the net credits 
include:

• 
• 

• 

income of $2.3 million relating to directors' equity based compensation,
a gain of $24.0 million related to the sale of the Ladysmith facility (see Note 9 "Asset Divestiture" for further 
discussion), and
expenses of $8.0 million related to reorganization expenses.

2017

During 2017, we recorded a $16.8 million net loss in "Other operating charges, net". The components of the net loss 
include:

• 
• 
• 

income of $2.8 million relating to directors' equity based compensation, 
expenses of $2.3 million on reorganization expenses, and
expenses of $16.7 million relating to closures of the Oklahoma facility and the Long Island facility .

52

NOTE 11 Savings, Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefit Plans
Certain of our employees are eligible to participate in defined contribution savings and defined benefit postretirement 
plans. These include 401(k) savings plans, defined benefit pension plans including company-sponsored and 
multiemployer plans, and other postretirement employee benefit (OPEB) plans.

401(k) Savings Plans

Substantially all of our employees are eligible to participate in 401(k) savings plans, which include a company match 
component. In 2019, 2018 and 2017 we made 401(k) contributions on behalf of employees of $16.6 million, $17.2 
million, and $16.6 million.

Company-Sponsored Defined Benefit Pension and OPEB Plans

A majority of our salaried employees and a portion of our hourly employees are covered by company-sponsored 
noncontributory defined benefit pension plans. We also provide retiree health care and life insurance plans, which cover 
certain salaried and hourly employees. Retiree health care benefits for Medicare eligible participants over the age of 65 
are provided through Health Reimbursement Accounts, or HRA's. Benefits for retirees under the age of 65 are provided 
under our company-sponsored health care plans, which require retiree contributions and contain other cost-sharing 
features. The retiree life insurance plans are primarily noncontributory.

Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefit Plans

The following table shows the changes in the benefit obligation, plan assets and funded status for 2019 and 2018 for both 
the pension benefit plans and the other postretirement employee benefit plans.

(In millions)
Change in projected benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Actuarial (gains) losses
Benefits paid
Benefit obligation at end of year
Changes in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Employer contribution
Benefits paid
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded status at end of year
Amounts recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheet:
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Net amount recognized
Amounts recognized in accumulated other
comprehensive loss (pre-tax):
Net actuarial loss (gain)

Pension Benefit Plans

Other Postretirement
Employee Benefit Plans

2019

2018

2019

2018

$

294.2
2.4
12.4
29.0
(21.5)
316.5

268.8
58.8
0.5
(21.5)
306.6

(9.9) $

$

7.7
(0.4)
(17.2)
(9.9) $

$

317.8
1.8
12.0
(16.3)
(21.1)
294.2

310.9
(21.5)
0.5
(21.1)
268.8
(25.4) $

— $

(0.4)
(25.0)
(25.4) $

$

60.3
0.1
2.8
9.6
(6.4)
66.4

—
—
7.0
(7.0)
—
(66.4) $

— $

(7.0)
(59.4)
(66.4) $

65.1
0.1
2.4
(0.3)
(7.0)
60.3

—
—
7.0
(7.0)
—
(60.3)

—
(7.0)
(53.3)
(60.3)

91.4

$

111.9

$

(5.1) $

(15.0)

$

$

$

$

$

53

 
The benefit obligation for our pension benefits is the projected benefit obligation based upon credited service as of the 
measurement date. 

The December 31, 2019 pension funded status was favorably affected by better than expected asset returns, partially 
offset by a decrease in the discount rate. The December 31, 2019 OPEB benefit obligation increased as of December 31, 
2019 due to a decrease in the discount rate partially offset by the continued payment of benefits. 

Information as of December 31 for certain pension plans included above with accumulated benefit obligations in excess 
of plan assets were as follows:

(In millions)
Projected benefit obligation
Accumulated benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets

Net Periodic Cost

$

2019

2018

$

178.5
178.5
160.8

294.2
294.2
268.8

Service cost is the actuarial present value of benefits attributed by the plans’ benefit formula to services rendered by 
employees during the year. Interest cost represents the increase in the projected benefit obligation, which is a discounted 
amount, due to the passage of time. The expected return on plan assets reflects the computed amount of current-year 
earnings from the investment of plan assets using an estimated long-term rate of return.

(In millions)
Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of prior service cost (credit)

Amortization of actuarial loss (gain)

Settlement

Net periodic cost (income)

$

Pension Benefit Plans

Other Postretirement
Employee Benefit Plans

2019

2018

2017

2019

2018

2017

$

2.4

$

1.8

$

2.1

$

12.4

(16.5)

—

7.3

—

5.6

12.0
(17.0)
—

10.1

—

6.9

$

$

13.1
(18.8)
—

9.9

—

6.3

$

0.1

2.8

—

—

(0.3)
—

$

2.6

$

$

0.1

2.4

—
(1.7)

(0.9)
—
(0.1) $

0.2

2.7

—
(1.5)

(6.6)
—
(5.2)

The components of net periodic pension expense other than the Service cost component are included in "Non-operating 
pension and other post retirement employee benefit income (expense)" in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 
During 2019, 2018, and 2017, $1.5 million, $1.2 million and $1.3 million of net periodic pension and OPEB costs were 
charged to "Cost of sales" and  $1.0 million, $0.8 million and $0.9 million were charged to "Selling, general and 
administrative expenses," in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The estimated net loss for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other 
comprehensive loss into net periodic cost (benefit) over the next fiscal year is $9.9 million. 

54

 
Assumptions:

Actuarial assumption used to determine
benefit obligation:

Pension Benefit Plans

Other Postretirement
Employee Benefit Plans

2019

2018

2017

2019

2018

2017

     Discount rate

3.4 %

4.4%

3.9%

3.6 %

4.6%

4.0%

Actuarial assumption used to determine net
periodic pension cost:

    Discount rate

     Expected return on plan assets

4.4 %

6.0 %

3.9%

6.0%

4.5%

6.8%

4.6 %

—

4.0%

—

4.3%

—

The discount rate used in the determination of pension benefit obligations and pension expense was determined based on 
a review of long-term high-grade bonds as well as management’s expectations. The discount rate used to calculate OPEB 
obligations was determined using the same methodology we used for our pension plans.

The expected return on plan assets assumption is based upon an analysis of historical long-term returns for various 
investment categories, as measured by appropriate indices. These indices are weighted based upon the extent to which 
plan assets are invested in the particular categories in arriving at our determination of a composite expected return.

The assumed health care cost trend rate used to calculate 2019 OPEB cost was 6.8% in 2019, grading to 3.9% over 
approximately 70 years, for participants whose benefits are not provided through HRAs, and 4.5%  in 2019 through 
2064, then grading to 3.8% after 2064 for participants whose benefits are provided through HRAs. The health care cost 
trend rate used to calculate December 31, 2019 OPEB obligations was 5.9% in 2020, grading to 3.8% over 
approximately 70 years, for participants whose benefits are not provided through HRAs, and 4.5% in 2019 through 2064, 
then grading to 3.8% after 2064 for participants whose benefits are provided through HRAs. This assumption has a 
significant effect on the amounts reported. A one percentage point change in the health care cost trend rates would have 
the following effects:

(In millions)
Effect on total of service and interest cost components
Effect on postretirement employee benefit obligation

$

1% Increase
0.2
4.8

$

1% Decrease
(0.2)
(4.2)

The investments of our defined benefit pension plans are held in a Master Trust. 

Plan Assets

There have been no changes in the methodologies used during 2019 and 2018. Investments in common and collective 
trust funds are generally valued based on their respective net asset value, or NAV, (or its equivalent), as a practical 
expedient to estimate fair value due to the absence of a readily determinable fair value. 

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables set forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the investments at fair value for our company-
sponsored pension benefit plans:

(In millions)
Cash and cash equivalents
Common and collective trust:
Collective investment funds
Total investments at fair value

(In millions)
Cash and cash equivalents
Common and collective trusts:
Collective investment funds
Total investments at fair value

December 31, 2019

Investments
measured at net asset
value

Level 1

2.0

$

—
2.0

$

— $

304.6
304.6

$

December 31, 2018

Investments
measured at net asset
value

Level 1

2.0

$

—
2.0

$

— $

266.8
266.8

$

$

$

$

$

Total

Total

2.0

304.6
306.6

2.0

266.8
268.8

We have formal investment policy guidelines for our company-sponsored plans. These guidelines were set by our 
Benefits Committee, which is comprised of members of our management and has been assigned its fiduciary authority 
over management of the plan assets by our Board of Directors. The Committee’s duties include periodically reviewing 
and modifying those investment policy guidelines as necessary and ensuring that the policy is adhered to and the 
investment objectives are met. The investment policy includes guidelines for specific categories of equity and fixed 
income securities. Assets are managed by professional investment managers who are expected to achieve a reasonable 
rate of return over a market cycle. Long-term performance is a fundamental tenet of the policy.

The general policy states that plan assets would be invested to seek the greatest return consistent with the fiduciary 
character of the pension funds and to allow the plans to meet the need for timely pension benefit payments. The specific 
investment guidelines stipulate that management is to maintain adequate liquidity for meeting expected benefit payments 
by reviewing, on a timely basis, contribution and benefit payment levels and appropriately revising long-term and short-
term asset allocations. Management takes reasonable and prudent steps to preserve the value of pension fund assets, 
avoid the risk of large losses and also attempt to preserve the funded status of the plans. Major steps taken to provide this 
protection included:

Assets are diversified among various asset classes, such as domestic equities, international equities, fixed income and cash. 
The long-term asset allocation ranges are as follows:

Domestic equities
International equities, including emerging markets
Corporate/Government bonds
Liquid reserves

10%-18%
10%-18%
68%-78%
0%-5%

56

 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
Periodically, we review the allocations within these ranges are made to determine what adjustments should be made 
based on changing economic and market conditions and specific liquidity requirements.

•  Assets are managed by professional investment managers and could be invested in separately managed accounts 

or commingled funds.

  Assets are not invested in securities rated below BBB- by S&P or Baa3 by Moody’s.

The investment guidelines also require that the individual investment managers are expected to achieve a reasonable rate 
of return over a market cycle. Emphasis is placed on long-term performance versus short-term market aberrations. 
Factors considered in determining reasonable rates of return include performance achieved by a diverse cross section of 
other investment managers, performance of commonly used benchmarks (e.g., Russell 3000 Index, MSCI World ex-U.S. 
Index, Barclays Capital Long Credit Index), actuarial assumptions for return on plan investments and specific 
performance guidelines given to individual investment managers.

As of December 31, 2019, eight investment options held substantially all of the pension funds. Plan assets were 
diversified among the various asset classes within the allocation ranges approved by the Benefits Committee.

In 2019, we did not make any contributions to our qualified pension plans, and we currently do not anticipate making 
any cash contributions to those plans in 2020. We contributed $0.5 million to our non-qualified pension plan in 2019. We 
do not anticipate funding our OPEB plans in 2020 except to pay benefit costs as incurred during the year by plan 
participants.

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows for the years indicated:

(In millions)
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025-2029

Pension Benefit 
Plans

20.5
20.4
20.3
20.3
20.2
96.9

Other
Postretirement
Employee
Benefit Plans
7.0
5.7
4.9
4.5
4.2
18.7

Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plans 

Hourly employees at two of our manufacturing facilities participate in multiemployer defined benefit pension plans: the 
PACE Industry Union-Management Pension Fund, or PIUMPF, which is managed by United Steelworkers, or USW, 
Benefits; and the International Association of Machinist & Aerospace Workers National Pension Fund, or IAM NPF. We 
make contributions to these plans, as well as make contributions to a trust fund established to provide retiree medical 
benefits for a portion of these employees, which is also managed by USW Benefits. The risks of participating in these 
multiemployer plans are different from single-employer plans in the following respects:

•  Assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of 

other participating employers.

• 

If a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by 
the remaining participating employers. The number of employers participating in PIUMPF fell from 135 during 
2012 to 52 during 2018. We believe that we are now the employer making the largest proportion of total 
contributions. 

•  Under applicable federal law, any employer contributing to a multiemployer pension plan that completely 

ceases participating in the plan while it is underfunded is subject to an assessment of such employer's allocable 
share of the aggregate unfunded vested benefits of the plan, except when that plan is in "critical" or "critical and 
declining" status. In certain circumstances, an employer can also be assessed a statutory withdrawal liability for 
a partial withdrawal from a multiemployer pension plan. Based on information available to us as of December 
31, 2019, as well as information provided by PIUMPF and IAM NPF and reviewed by our actuarial consultant, 
we estimate the aggregate pre-tax liability that we would have incurred if we had completely withdrawn from 
PIUMPF and IAM NPF in 2019 would have been in excess of $82 million. However, the exact amount of 
potential exposure could be higher or lower than the estimate, depending on, among other things, the nature and 
timing of any triggering events and the funded status of PIUMPF and IAM NPF at that time. A withdrawal 

57

liability is recorded for accounting purposes when withdrawal is probable and the amount of the withdrawal 
obligation is reasonably estimable. 

Our participation in these plans for the annual period ended December 31, 2019, is outlined in the table below. The 
“EIN" and "Plan Number” columns provide the Employee Identification Number, or EIN, and the three-digit plan 
number. The most recent Pension Protection Act, or PPA, zone status available in 2019 and 2018 is for a plan’s year-end 
as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The zone status is set under the provisions of the Multiemployer Pension Plan 
Reform Act of 2014 and is based on information we received from the plans and is certified by each plan's actuary. 
Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than 65 percent funded, plans in the yellow zone are less 
than 80 percent but more than 65 percent funded, and plans in the green zone are at least 80 percent funded. The “FIP/RP 
Status Pending/Implemented” column indicates plans for which a Funding Improvement Plan, or FIP, or a Rehabilitation 
Plan, or RP, is either pending or has been implemented as required by the PPA as a measure to correct its underfunded 
status. The last column lists the expiration date(s) of the collective-bargaining agreement(s) to which the plans are 
subject. 

In 2019, the contribution rates for the IAM NPF plan was $4.00. Starting in June 2019, and in accordance with the 
Rehabilitation Plan, we began contributing an additional contribution equal to2.5% of our contractual contribution rate. 
This additional contribution is scheduled to continue and compound each year while the rehabilitation plan remains in 
effect. In 2019, the contribution rates for PIUMPF was $2.79 per hour. Contribution rates for IAM NPF and PIUMPF 
were increased as part of the RP in lieu of the legally required surcharge, paid by the employers, to assist the fund’s 
financial status. We were listed in PIUMPF’s Form 5500 report as providing more than five percent of the total 
contributions for the years 2018 and 2017. At the date of issuance of our consolidated financial statements, Form 5500 
reports for these plans were not available for the 2019 plan year.

PPA Zone
Status   

Contributions
(in millions)

Pension
Fund

IAM NPF
PIUMPF1

EIN

Plan
Number

51-6031295

11-6166763

002

001

2019

2018

Red

Red

Green

Red

FIP/
RP Status Pending/
Implemented

Implemented

Implemented

Total Contributions:

2019

2018

2017

$

$

0.3

5.3

5.6

$

$

0.3

5.4

5.7

$

$

0.3

5.8

6.1

Surcharge
Imposed

No

No

1  

The associated collective bargaining agreement associated with  PIUMPF was ratified in January 2020. 

Expiration
 Date
of Collective
Bargaining
Agreement 

5/31/2023

8/31/2017

58

NOTE 12 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at the balance sheet dates is comprised of the following:

(In millions)

Balance at December 31, 2017

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

   Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Reclassification of the income tax effects of the 
   Tax Cuts and Jobs Act1
Balance at December 31, 2018

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

   Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Balance at December 31, 2019

$

$

Pension Plan
Adjustments

Other Post
Retirement
Employee Benefit
Plan Adjustments

Total

(59.0) $
(16.3)
7.3
(9.0)

(15.0)
(83.0)
9.8

5.4

15.2
(67.8) $

15.0

$

0.3
(1.8)
(1.5)

2.2

15.7
(7.1)
(0.3)
(7.4)
8.3

$

(44.0)
(16.0)
5.5
(10.5)

(12.8)
(67.3)
2.7

5.1

7.8
(59.5)

1   

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-2, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Reclassification of Certain Tax 

Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained 
earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Act). During 2018, we reclassified the income 
tax effects of the Act on pension and other postretirement employee benefits within accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings.

NOTE 13 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share are based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted 
earnings per share are based upon the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus all potentially 
dilutive securities that were assumed to be converted into common shares at the beginning of the period under the treasury 
stock method. This method requires that the effect of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents be excluded from the 
calculation of diluted earnings per share for the periods in which net losses are reported because the effect is anti-dilutive. 

The following table reconciles the number of common shares used in calculating the basic and diluted net earnings per 
share: 

(In thousands - except per share data)
Basic average common shares outstanding1
Incremental shares due to:
Restricted stock units
Performance shares
Stock options

Diluted average common shares outstanding
Basic net income (loss) per common share

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

2019

16,533

December 31,

2018

16,487

—
—
—
16,533

—
—
—
16,487

$

$

(0.34) $
(0.34) $

(8.72) $
(8.72) $

2017

16,464

22
45
25
16,556
5.91

5.88

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation were 1.0 million, 0.9 million and 0.5 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

1 

Basic average common shares outstanding include restricted stock awards that are fully vested, but are deferred for future issuance. See Note 14  

"Stockholders' Equity" for further discussion.

NOTE 14 Stockholders' Equity
PREFERRED STOCK

We are authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock at $0.0001 par value. At December 31, 2019, no 
shares of preferred stock have been issued.

59

COMMON STOCK PLANS

We have stock-based compensation plans under which stock options and restricted units are granted. At December 31, 
2019, approximately 1.0 million shares were available for future issuance under our current plan.

(In millions)

Year ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

Total stock-based compensation expense
   (selling, general and administrative and other operating charges, net)

$

Income tax benefit related to stock-based compensation

Impact on cash flow due to taxes paid related to net share settlement of
equity awards

$

4.1

1.0

0.4

$

3.3

1.5

0.4

3.6

2.1

1.1

We recognize the compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is 
generally the vesting term of one to three years. 

Restricted Stock Units (Time and Performance Vesting)

We grant restricted awards to certain employees. The awards can either be time vested or vested based upon the 
attainment of certain performance metrics over a certain time period. Performance conditions generally are tied to 
attainment of certain financial targets such as return on invested capital, free cash flow or other similar measures. Awards 
granted under this plan generally have a performance or vesting period of three years from the date of grant. These 
awards are eligible to receive dividend equivalent shares.The market value of these grants approximates the fair value. 
For awards based upon the achievement of performance goals, the award could range from 0% to 200%. A summary of 
the status of outstanding restricted stock units as of December 31, 2019, and changes during the year, is presented below:

Time Vested

Performance-based

Restricted stock units, outstanding at December 31, 2018

Granted

Vested
Forfeited / Canceled1

Restricted stock units, outstanding at December 31, 2019
Deferred shares, outstanding at December 31, 2019

Total units outstanding at December 31, 2019

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
42.09

$

26.64

43.49

33.22
31.76
7.31

28.09

Shares

127,653

139,037
(48,164)
(28,336)
190,190
33,663

223,853

$

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
45.36

$

26.60

46.04
29.09

29.09

Shares

78,430

151,664

—
(53,062)
177,032
—

177,032

1 Forfeited / Canceled performance-based restricted stock units include both shares forfeited due to employees failure to meet requisite service period 
and also due to failure to meet required performance measures.

The total fair value of share awards that vested during the years ended  December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017  was $2.1 million, 
$2.0 million and $1.1 million. 

As of December 31, 2019, there was $3.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding restricted 
stock unit awards. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. 

60

 
 
Stock Options

Prior to January 1, 2019, we granted options to certain employees. The options are granted at market price at the date of 
grant. Options become exercisable over one to three years and expire ten years after the date of grant. The following 
table sets out the weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the options granted using the Black-
Scholes option-pricing model (dividend yield is ignored):

Volatility

The  expected  volatility  is  based  upon  Clearwater  Paper's  historical 
stock prices.

Risk-free interest
rate

Expected life-
years

The risk-free interest rate is based on constant maturity treasury rates 
with maturities matching the options' expected life on the grant date.
The expected life is the approximate mid-point between the
expected vesting time and the remaining contractual life.

2018

2017

35%

30%

2.74%

2.05%

6 years

6 years

A summary of the status of outstanding stock option awards as of December 31, 2019, and changes during the year, is 
presented below:

Weighted
Average Exercise
Price

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Shares

Outstanding options at December 31, 2018

Granted

Forfeited

Expired

Outstanding options at December 31, 2019

Outstanding and exercisable options at
December 31, 2019

761,934
—
(26,686)
(78,874)

656,374

511,787

$

$

$

49.38
—

42.84

51.81

49.36

51.16

7.2

$

—

6.2

5.8

$

$

—

—

The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the years 2018  and 2017 was $14.51 and $18.82. 
No options have been exercised over the last three years.

As of December 31, 2019, there was $1.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options. 
The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0 years.

Director Awards

In connection with joining our Board of Directors, in January 2009 our outside directors at that time were granted an 
award of phantom common stock units, which were credited to an account established on behalf of each director and 
vested ratably over a three-year period with the final vesting in January 2012. Subsequent equity awards have been 
granted annually in May, or on a pro-rata basis as applicable, to our outside directors in the form of phantom common 
stock units as part of their annual compensation, which are credited to their accounts. These awards vest ratably over a 
one-year period. These accounts will be credited with additional phantom common stock units equal in value to 
dividends paid, if any, on the same amount of common stock. Upon separation from service as a director, the vested 
portion of the phantom common stock units held by the director in a stock unit account are converted to cash based upon 
the then market price of the common stock and paid to the director. 

Due to its cash-settlement feature, we account for these awards as liabilities rather than equity and recognize the equity-
based compensation expense or income at the end of each reporting period based on the portion of the award that is 
vested and the increase or decrease in the value of our common stock. 

We recorded director equity-based compensation expense totaling $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded compensation benefit totaling $2.3 million and $2.8 
million. 

61

At December 31, 2019, the liability amounts associated with director equity-based compensation included in "Other 
long-term obligations" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet was $2.4 million.  At December 31, 2018, the liability 
amounts associated with director equity-based compensation in "Other long-term obligations" and "Accounts payable 
and accrued liabilities" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet were $0.8 million and $1.3 million.

NOTE 15 Commitments and Contingencies
SELF INSURANCE

We are primarily self-insured for workers’ compensation and employee health care liability costs. Self-insurance 
liabilities for workers’ compensation are determined based upon a valuation performed by an actuarial firm. The estimate 
of future workers’ compensation liabilities incorporates loss development and an estimate associated with incurred but 
not yet reported claims. These claims are discounted. Self-insurance liabilities for employee health costs are determined 
actuarially based upon claims filed and estimated claims incurred but not yet reported. These claims are not discounted.

PURCHASE OBLIGATIONS

To help mitigate our exposure to market risk for changes in utility commodity pricing, we use firm price contracts to 
supply a portion of the natural gas and electricity requirements of our manufacturing facilities, which were reported 
through "Cost of sales" on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2019, these contracts cover 
approximately 43% of our expected average monthly natural gas and electricity needs at the respective manufacturing 
facilities through 2020. These contracts qualify for treatment as "normal purchases or normal sales" under authoritative 
guidance and thus required no mark-to-market adjustment.

We enter into third-party contracts for certain raw materials, including pulp and chemicals, which may extend beyond 
one year. Such contracts are typically negotiated to ensure availability of certain product specifications at market prices 
that adjust regularly within reasonable commercial terms. Such agreements may include minimum quantities, but 
reductions are permitted when economic or business conditions require reduced production containing the respective raw 
material.

NOTE 16 Segment Information
Our businesses are organized into two reportable operating segments: Consumer Products and Pulp and Paperboard. The 
reporting segments follow the same accounting policies used for our Consolidated Financial Statements. We evaluate the 
performance of our business segments based upon net sales and operating income (loss).

Consumer Products 

Our Consumer Products segment manufactures and sells a complete line of at-home tissue products, or retail products, 
and away-from-home tissue products, or non-retail products, and parent rolls. Retail products include bath, paper towels, 
facial and napkin product categories. Non-retail products include conventional one and two-ply bath tissue, two-ply 
paper towels, hard wound towels and dispenser napkins sold to customers with commercial and industrial tissue needs. 
Each category is further distinguished according to quality segments: ultra, premium, value and economy. 

Pulp and Paperboard 

Our Pulp and Paperboard segment manufactures and markets solid bleached sulfate paperboard for the high-end segment 
of the packaging industry as well as offers custom sheeting, slitting and cutting of paperboard. Our overall production 
consists primarily of folding carton, liquid packaging, cup and plate products and commercial printing grades. The 
majority of our Pulp and Paperboard customers are packaging converters, folding carton converters, merchants and 
commercial printers.

62

The table below presents information about our reportable segments:

(In millions)
Segment net sales:

Consumer Products
Pulp and Paperboard
Total segment net sales

Operating income (loss):
Consumer Products
Pulp and Paperboard

  Corporate
  Goodwill impairment
  Other operating charges, net
Income (loss) from operations

Depreciation and amortization:

Consumer Products
Pulp and Paperboard
Corporate
Other operating charges, net

Total depreciation and amortization

Assets:

Consumer Products
Pulp and Paperboard
Corporate
Total assets

Capital expenditures:
Consumer Products
Pulp and Paperboard

Corporate

Total capital expenditures

2019

2018

2017

906.8
854.7
1,761.5

$

$

884.8
839.4
1,724.2

$

$

941.9
788.5
1,730.4

(6.6) $

115.3
(57.0)
—
(6.3)
45.4

69.7
39.4
6.5
—
115.6

1,147.1
652.2
78.4
1,877.7

114.9
16.7
131.6
8.5
140.1

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.3
130.9
(51.5)
(195.1)
17.5
(97.9) $

57.8
37.8
6.3
—
101.9

1,094.1
638.8
55.2
1,788.1

262.7
20.9
283.6
12.1
295.7

$

$

$

$

$

$

46.2
97.5
(55.7)
—
(16.8)
71.2

60.3
34.5
5.6
4.6
105.0

1,069.9
645.4
87.0
1,802.3

107.5
80.8
188.3
11.4
199.7

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

63

For the year-ended December 31, 2019, there were no customers with more than 10% of our total consolidated sales. For 
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, one customer was 11.1% and 15.3% of our total consolidated net sales.

Our manufacturing facilities and all other assets are located within the continental United States. We sell and ship our 
products to customers in several foreign countries. Net sales, classified by the major geographic areas in which our 
customers are located and by major products, were as follows:

(In millions)

Primary geographical markets:

United States

Other Countries

Total Net Sales

Major products:

Retail tissue

Paperboard

Non-retail tissue
Other

Total net sales

$

$

$

2019

2018

2017

1,686.2

75.3

1,761.5

$

$

1,648.6

75.6

1,724.2

$

$

1,650.1

80.3

1,730.4

845.6

$

794.4

$

848.4

56.5
11.0

837.9

88.2
3.7

857.6

788.5

81.1
3.2

$

1,761.5

$

1,724.2

$

1,730.4

NOTE 17 Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information 
All of our subsidiaries that are 100% directly and indirectly owned by Clearwater Paper guarantee our  2013 Notes on a 
full and unconditional, and joint and several basis. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of the guarantor 
subsidiaries to make distributions to Clearwater Paper, the issuer of the 2013 Notes. The following tables present the 
results of operations, financial position and cash flows of Clearwater Paper and its subsidiaries, the guarantors 
subsidiaries, and the eliminations necessary to arrive at the information for Clearwater Paper on a consolidated basis.

64

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Balance Sheet
At December 31, 2019  

(In millions)
ASSETS

Current assets:

Issuer

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

Cash and cash equivalents

$

20.0

$

— $

— $

Restricted cash

Receivables, net

Taxes receivable

Inventories

Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

Intercompany (payable) receivable

Investment in subsidiary

Other assets, net

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Short-term debt

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Long-term operating lease liabilities

Liability for pension and other 
  postretirement employee benefits

Other long-term obligations

Deferred tax liabilities

TOTAL LIABILITIES

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Stockholders’ equity excluding
  accumulated other comprehensive loss

1.4

140.1

0.3

244.1

3.4

409.3

1,188.4
68.2

35.1
(75.3)
179.1

28.2

—

19.0

—

40.0

0.2

59.2

69.3
4.9

16.9

72.6

—

2.6

$

1,833.0

$

225.5

$

—

—

—
(2.7)
—
(2.7)
—
—

—

2.7
(179.1)
(1.7)
(180.8) $

$

17.9

$

— $

— $

242.9

260.8

884.5

62.2

76.6

16.4

100.5
1,401.0
(59.5)

19.6

19.6

—

3.4

—

0.9

22.5
46.4

—

491.5

179.1

—

—

—

—

—

—
(1.7)
(1.7)
—

20.0

1.4

159.1

0.3

281.4

3.6

465.8

1,257.7
73.1

52.0

—

—

29.1

1,877.7

17.9

262.5

280.4

884.5

65.6

76.6

17.3

121.3
1,445.7
(59.5)

(179.1)
(180.8) $

491.5

1,877.7

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$

1,833.0

$

225.5

$

65

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Balance Sheet
At December 31, 2018  

(In millions)
ASSETS

Current assets:

Issuer

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

Cash and cash equivalents

$

22.5

$

— $

— $

128.0

16.7

222.9

3.3

393.4

1,192.7

36.2
(62.9)
175.3

14.8

17.5

—

48.4

0.1

66.0

76.6

23.0
57.8

—

2.6

$

1,749.5

$

226.0

$

—
(10.4)
(5.1)
—
(15.5)
—

—
5.1
(175.3)
(1.7)
(187.4) $

$

122.2

$

— $

— $

305.7

427.9

692.9

78.2

19.3

104.8

1,323.1
(67.3)

31.7

31.7

—

—

0.9

18.1

50.7

—

(10.4)
(10.4)
—

—

—
(1.7)
(12.1)
—

22.5

145.5

6.3

266.2

3.4

443.9

1,269.3

59.2
—

—

15.7

1,788.1

122.2

327.0

449.2

692.9

78.2

20.2

121.2

1,361.7
(67.3)

493.7
1,749.5

$

175.3
226.0

$

(175.3)
(187.4) $

493.7
1,788.1

Receivables, net

Taxes receivable

Inventories

Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Goodwill and intangibles assets, net
Intercompany (payable) receivable

Investment in subsidiary

Other assets, net

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Short-term debt

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Liability for pension and other 
  postretirement employee benefits

Other long-term obligations

Deferred tax liabilities

TOTAL LIABILITIES

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Stockholders’ equity excluding
  accumulated other comprehensive loss
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $

66

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Year Ended December 31, 2019 

(In millions)
Net sales
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating charges, net
Total operating costs and expenses
    Income (loss) from operations
Interest expense, net
Debt retirement costs

Non-operating pension and other 
   postretirement employee benefit income (expense)
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax provision (benefit)
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Comprehensive income (loss)

Issuer
1,653.1

$

Guarantor
Subsidiaries
268.3
$

Eliminations
$

(159.9) $

Total
1,761.5

1,510.3
93.8
6.3
1,610.4
42.7
(44.7)
(2.7)

243.9
19.0
—
262.9
5.4
(0.2)
—

(157.2)
—
—
(157.2)
(2.7)
—
—

(5.7)
(10.4)
(7.7)
3.8
1.1
7.8
8.9

$

$

—
5.2
1.4
—
3.8
—
3.8

$

—
(2.7)
4.0
(3.8)
(10.5)
—
(10.5) $

1,597.0
112.8
6.3
1,716.1
45.4
(44.9)
(2.7)

(5.7)
(7.9)
(2.3)
—
(5.6)
7.8
2.2

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Year Ended December 31, 2018

(In millions)
Net sales
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating charges, net
Goodwill impairment

Total operating costs and expenses
Income (loss) from operations
Interest expense, net
Non-operating pension and other
   postretirement employee benefit income (expense)

Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax provision (benefit)
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Comprehensive income (loss)

$

67

Issuer
1,752.3

$

Guarantor
Subsidiaries
194.9
$

Eliminations
$

(223.0) $

Total
1,724.2

1,581.7
87.0
6.5
195.1
1,870.3
(118.0)
(30.2)

(4.9)
(153.1)
5.2
18.3
(140.0)
(10.5)
(150.5) $

173.0
20.8
(24.0)
—
169.8
25.1
(0.5)

—
24.6
6.3
—
18.3
—
18.3

$

(218.0)
—
—
—
(218.0)
(5.0)
—

—
(5.0)
(1.2)
(18.3)
(22.1)
—
(22.1) $

1,536.7
107.8
(17.5)
195.1
1,822.1
(97.9)
(30.7)

(4.9)
(133.5)
10.3
—
(143.8)
(10.5)
(154.3)

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income
Year Ended December 31, 2017 

(In millions)
Net sales
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating charges, net
Total operating costs and expenses
Income (loss) from operations
Interest expense, net
Non-operating pension and other
   postretirement employee benefit income (expense)

Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax provision (benefit)
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Comprehensive income (loss)

Issuer
1,707.3

$

Guarantor
Subsidiaries
242.2
$

Eliminations
$

(219.1) $

Total
1,730.4

1,516.5
90.8
16.8
1,624.1
83.2
(30.8)

1.1
53.5
(34.3)
11.9
99.7
7.8
107.5

$

$

219.9
30.4
—
250.3
(8.1)
(0.6)

—
(8.7)
(20.6)
—
11.9
—
11.9

$

(215.2)
—
—
(215.2)
(3.9)
—

—
(3.9)
(1.5)
(11.9)
(14.3)
—
(14.3) $

1,521.2
121.2
16.8
1,659.2
71.2
(31.4)

1.1
40.9
(56.4)
—
97.3
7.8
105.1

68

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2019 

(In millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
 net cash flows from operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Equity-based compensation expense
Deferred taxes
Pension and other postretirement employee benefits
Debt retirement costs
Disposal of plant and equipment, net
Other non-cash activity

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
(Increase) decrease in taxes receivable, net
(Increase) decrease in inventory
(Increase) decrease in other current assets
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities

Other, net
Net cash flows from operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to property, plant and equipment
Net cash flows from investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings on short-term debt
Repayments of borrowings on short-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayment of long-term debt
Investment between parent and subsidiaries
Payments for debt issuance costs
Other, net
Net cash flows from financing activities
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents
   and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
  beginning of period

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
  end of period

Issuer

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

$

1.1

$

3.8

$

(10.5) $

(5.6)

99.5
4.1
(5.0)
1.4
2.7
0.7
2.5

(25.0)
6.0
(27.2)
(0.7)

(25.1)
2.9
37.9

(138.2)
(138.2)

549.3
(657.7)
296.1
(103.0)
15.8
(2.3)
(0.4)
97.8

(2.5)

24.9

16.1
—
4.7
—
—
—
—

11.4
—
6.2
(0.1)

(13.8)
0.1
28.4

(1.9)
(1.9)

—
—
—
—
(26.5)
—
—
(26.5)

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
(10.4)
(0.2)
—

10.4
—
(10.7)

—
—

—
—
—
—
10.7
—
—
10.7

—

—

115.6
4.1
(0.3)
1.4
2.7
0.7
2.5

(13.6)
(4.4)
(21.2)
(0.8)

(28.5)
3.0
55.6

(140.1)
(140.1)

549.3
(657.7)
296.1
(103.0)
—
(2.3)
(0.4)
82.0

(2.5)

24.9

$

22.4

$

— $

— $

22.4

69

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2018 

(In millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
  flows from operating activities:

Goodwill impairment
Depreciation and amortization
Equity-based compensation expense
Deferred taxes
Pension and other postretirement employee benefits
Gain on divested assets
Disposal of plant and equipment, net
Other non-cash activity

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
(Increase) decrease in taxes receivable, net
(Increase) decrease in inventory
(Increase) decrease in other current assets
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities

Other, net
Net cash flows from operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to property, plant and equipment
Net proceeds from divested assets
Other, net
Net cash flows from investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings on short-term debt
Repayments of borrowings on short-term debt
Investment between parent and subsidiaries
Payments for debt issuance costs

Other, net
Net cash flows from financing activities
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents
   and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
   beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
   end of period

Issuer

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

$

(140.0) $

18.3

$

(22.1) $

(143.8)

195.1
81.8
3.3
15.0
(0.6)
—
0.7
1.5

(3.8)
3.6
1.0
6.4

20.9
(1.2)
183.7

(293.8)
70.9
0.8
(222.1)

630.8
(565.0)
(16.7)
(2.1)
(0.4)
46.6

8.2

16.7

—
20.1
—
(7.9)
—
(25.5)
—
—

(3.5)
—
(10.3)
—

14.7
0.2
6.1

(1.9)
—
—
(1.9)

—
—
(4.2)
—
—
(4.2)

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
10.4
1.2
—

(10.4)
—
(20.9)

—
—
—
—

—
—
20.9
—
—
20.9

—

—

195.1
101.9
3.3
7.1
(0.6)
(25.5)
0.7
1.5

(7.3)
14.0
(8.1)
6.4

25.2
(1.0)
168.9

(295.7)
70.9
0.8
(224.0)

630.8
(565.0)
—
(2.1)
(0.4)
63.3

8.2

16.7

$

24.9

$

— $

— $

24.9

70

Clearwater Paper Corporation
Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2017 

(In millions)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows
from operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Equity-based compensation expense
Deferred taxes
Pension and other postretirement employee benefits
Disposal of plant and equipment, net
Other non-cash activities

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
(Increase) decrease in taxes receivable, net
(Increase) decrease in inventory
(Increase) decrease in other current assets
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities

Other, net
Net cash flows from operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to property, plant and equipment
Other, net
Net cash flows from investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings on short-term debt
Repayments of borrowings on short-term debt
Purchase of treasury stock
Investment between parent and subsidiaries
Payments for debt issuance costs

Other, net
Net cash flows from financing activities
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents
   and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
  beginning of period

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
  end of period

Issuer

Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

$

99.7

$

11.9

$

(14.3) $

97.3

76.9
3.6
(17.0)
(5.1)
0.5
2.9

3.4
(5.1)
(25.2)
(0.6)

31.1
3.4
168.5

(193.8)
0.3
(193.5)

298.3
(278.3)
(4.9)
8.3
(0.1)
(1.2)
22.1

(2.9)

19.6

28.1
—
(23.6)
—
3.6
—

12.5
—
8.4
0.3

(15.6)
(3.1)
22.5

(5.9)
0.6
(5.3)

—
—
—
(20.6)
—
—
(20.6)

(3.4)

3.4

—
—
—
—
—
—

(10.3)
(5.5)
2.0
—

15.8
—
(12.3)

—
—
—

—
—
—
12.3
—
—
12.3

—

—

105.0
3.6
(40.6)
(5.1)
4.1
2.9

5.6
(10.6)
(14.8)
(0.3)

31.3
0.3
178.7

(199.7)
0.9
(198.8)

298.3
(278.3)
(4.9)
—
(0.1)
(1.2)
13.8

(6.3)

23.0

$

16.7

$

— $

— $

16.7

71

NOTE 18 Subsequent Events 
In January 2020, the collective bargaining agreements with our employees represented by the United Steelworkers and 
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers in Lewiston were ratified, resulting in the subsequent recognition of $6.6 
million retroactive wage expense, which will be recorded as "Other operating charges, net" in the first quarter of 2020. 
These new agreements will continue through August 2025.

In the first quarter of 2020, the indemnity contingency associated with our sale of the LadySmith facility was settled, 
resulting in the subsequent release of $1.4 million restricted cash and additional gain of $1.4 million to be recorded as 
"Other operating charges, net".

72

Financial Results by Quarter (Unaudited)

(In  millions —
  except per-share
  amounts)
Net sales

Gross profit

Income (loss) from
  operations

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) per common share

Basic

Diluted

Sales by segment

Consumer Products

Pulp and Paperboard

Total net sales

Three Months Ended

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

2019

2018

2019

2018

2019

2018

2019

2018

$ 428.8

$ 437.0

$ 452.0

$ 432.1

$ 445.2

$ 426.4

$ 435.5

$ 428.7

44.5

14.4

44.5

11.5

42.2

15.3

44.9

18.4

26.5

(2.4)

3.8

$

2.6

$

(0.4) $

7.0

$

(11.0) $

50.3

46.9

34.3

$

0.23

0.23

0.16

0.16

$

(0.03) $

(0.03)

0.42

0.42

$

(0.66) $

(0.66)

2.09

2.08

51.2

47.9

18.1

(174.7)

2.0

$ (187.7)

0.12

0.12

$ (11.39)

(11.39)

$

$

$

$

$ 223.4

$ 238.9

$ 224.3

$ 221.6

$ 228.5

$ 211.6

$ 230.6

$ 212.7

205.4

198.1

227.7

210.5

216.7

214.8

204.9

216.0

$ 428.8

$ 437.0

$ 452.0

$ 432.1

$ 445.2

$ 426.4

$ 435.5

$ 428.7

Income (loss) from operations by segment

Consumer Products

Pulp and Paperboard

Corporate

Goodwill impairment

Other operating charges, net

Total income (loss) from
  operations

Adjusted EBITDA by segment

Consumer Products

Pulp and Paperboard

Corporate

Total EBITDA

$

1.3

$

3.1

$

(5.1) $

(2.6) $

(4.4) $

(1.0) $

1.6

$

29.4

(16.6)

—

0.3

26.4

(13.6)

—

(4.4)

33.5

(12.7)

—

(0.4)

34.3

(13.1)

—

(0.2)

17.1

(13.2)

—

(1.9)

38.4

(12.6)

—

22.1

35.3

(14.5)

—

(4.3)

0.8

31.8

(12.2)

(195.1)

—

$

14.4

$

11.5

$

15.3

$

18.4

$

(2.4) $

46.9

$

18.1

$ (174.7)

$

$

16.0

38.9

$

17.4

35.9

$

12.3

43.0

$

11.6

43.7

$

14.6

28.3

$

13.4

47.6

$

20.2

44.5

15.7

41.5

(15.0)

(12.1)

(11.1)

(11.6)

(11.4)

(11.0)

(13.0)

(10.5)

$

39.9

$

41.2

$

44.2

$

43.7

$

31.5

$

50.0

$

51.7

$

46.7

73

 
ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and

Financial Disclosure

None.

74

ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us 
in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the 
time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our 
management, including our Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, and Chief Financial Officer, or CFO, as appropriate, to 
allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, 
management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can 
provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. 
Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its 
judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of 
disclosure controls and procedures is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, 
and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future 
conditions.

Subject to the limitations noted above, our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the 
effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the fiscal year 
covered by this annual report on Form 10-K. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of such 
date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to meet the objective for which they were designed and operate 
at the reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as 
such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our 
management, including our CEO and CFO and with the oversight of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, our 
management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 
framework in Internal Control- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (2013 Framework). Based on our evaluation under the 2013 Framework, our management 
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2019.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 has been audited by 
KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

We periodically review and make changes to our system of internal control over financial reporting, such as 
implementing new applications and processes, to make improvements and increase efficiency while ensuring that we 
maintain an effective internal control environment. We intend to continue to upgrade our financial applications and 
processes periodically, which we believe will allow us to be more efficient and further enhance our internal control over 
financial reporting.

Except for these changes and the remediation of the prior year material weaknesses noted below, there was no change in 
our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended December 31, 2019 that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Remediation of prior year material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting

As disclosed in Item 9A of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and for each 
interim period in Item 4 of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and 
September 30, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to meet the objectives for which they 
were designed, specifically relating to the following material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting: 

(i) With respect to events and transactions outside the ordinary course of business:

75

a. we did not maintain a sufficient complement of personnel with the appropriate knowledge and experience in 
generally accepted accounting principles and their application to our financial reporting processes and related 
internal controls; and

b. we did not conduct effective risk assessment that adequately identified, assessed and addressed risks of material 
misstatement in the financial statements, including fraud risks and risks from changes in our operations and 
organizational structure.

(ii) As a consequence, we did not design and maintain effective process-level controls over the identification and 
accounting implications of changes made to payment arrangements with vendors.

During the first nine months of 2019, our management implemented processes and controls to enhance our internal 
control over financial reporting.  During the fourth quarter of 2019, we completed testing over the operating 
effectiveness of those internal controls and concluded that the material weaknesses have been remediated as of 
December 31, 2019.

This remediation included the following:

• 

Implementing enhanced controls governing our sub-certifications

•  Hiring additional accounting personnel and providing enhanced training to increase the depth and experience 

within our accounting organization

• 

Formalizing a process to identify, document and review complex accounting matters

•  Developing and implementing enhanced controls governing our risk management committee and our disclosure 

committee, including a formal enterprise risk assessment process

•  Designing additional controls over the documentation and application of technical accounting guidance with 

particular emphasis on events outside the ordinary course of business, including changes to payment 
arrangements with vendors

•  Enhancing the communication and coordination among our treasury, financial reporting and supply chain 

management organizations with expanded cross-functional involvement and input into period-end disclosures.

76

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors

Clearwater Paper Corporation:

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

We have audited Clearwater Paper Corporation and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all 
material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission.  

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related 
consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years 
in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial 
statements), and our report dated March 6, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial 
statements.

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s 
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal 
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was 
maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing 
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also 
included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies 
and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are 
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of 
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely 
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the 
financial statements.

77

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Seattle, Washington

March 6, 2020

78

ITEM 9B.
Other Information
None.

79

Part III

ITEM 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The following table details the executive officers of the Company as of December 31, 2019:

Name

Age

Title / Position Held

Linda K. Massman

Robert G. Hrivnak

Steve M. Bowden

Michael S. Gadd

Arsen S. Kitch

Kari G. Moyes

53

59

56

55

38

52

President and Chief Executive Officer

Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer

Senior Vice President, General Manager, Pulp and Paperboard Division
Senior Vice President and General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

Senior Vice President, General Manager, Consumer Products Division

Senior Vice President, Human Resources

Linda K. Massman has served as President and Chief Executive Officer, as well as a director, since January 2013. In 
2017, Ms. Massman served in the position of board chair for the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA), the 
national trade association of the forest products industry. Ms. Massman has served as a director of TreeHouse Foods, Inc. 
(NYSE:THS) since July 2016 and as a member of its Audit Committee and as Chair of the Audit Committee since 2019. 
She served as a member of its Nominating and Governance Committee from 2016 to 2018. Ms. Massman also served as 
a director of Black Hills Corporation (NYSE: BKH), an energy company, from January 2015 to July 2018 and was a 
member of its Compensation Committee.

Robert G. Hrivnak joined the company in April 2019 as Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer. 
From October 2014 to April 2019 Mr. Hrivnak was the Chief Accounting Executive, Vice President and Corporate 
Controller for Itron, Inc (NASDAQ: ITRI). 

Steve M. Bowden has served as Senior Vice President, General Manager, Pulp and Paperboard Division since October 1, 
2018. Prior to joining the company, from September 2016 to November 2017, Mr. Bowden was the North American 
Region Vice President - Labels for Constantia Flexibles, which was subsequently acquired by the Multi-Color 
Corporation at which he served as President, North America Food and Beverage Division from November 2017 to 
September 2018. From March 2013 to September 2016, Mr. Bowden was President and COO of Quality Associates, a 
contract packager.

Michael S. Gadd has served as Senior Vice President since May 2011 and General Counsel and Corporate Secretary 
since December 2008. 

Arsen S. Kitch has served as Senior Vice President, General Manager, Consumer Products Division since May 2018 and 
served as Vice President, General Manager, Consumer Products Division from January 2018 to May 2018. He served as 
Vice President, Finance and Vice President Financial Planning and Analysis from January 2015 through December 2017, 
and served as Senior Director, Strategy and Planning from August 2013 through December 2014. 

Kari G. Moyes has served as Senior Vice President, Human Resources since February 2015, and served as Vice 
President, Labor Relations from July 2013 through January 2015. 

Information regarding our directors is set forth under the heading “Board of Directors” in our definitive proxy statement 
for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 2020, referred to in this report as the 2020 Proxy 
Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding reporting compliance with 
Section 16(a) for directors, officers or other parties is set forth under the heading “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership 
Reporting Compliance” in the 2020 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all directors and employees and a Code of Ethics 
for Senior Officers that applies to our CEO, CFO, the President, the Controller and other Senior Financial Officers 
identified by our Board of Directors. You can find each code on our website by going to the following address: 
www.clearwaterpaper.com, selecting “Investor Relations” and “Corporate Governance,” then selecting the link for “Code 
of Business Conduct and Ethics" or "Code of Ethics for Senior Officers.” We will post any amendments, as well as any 
waivers that are required to be disclosed by the rules of either the SEC or the New York Stock Exchange, on our website. 

80

To date, no waivers of the Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers have been considered or granted.

Our Board of Directors has adopted corporate governance guidelines and charters for the Board of Directors’ Audit 
Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Governance Committee. You can find these documents on 
our website by going to the following address: www.clearwaterpaper.com, selecting “Investor Relations” and “Corporate 
Governance,” then selecting the appropriate link.

ITEM 11.
Executive Compensation

Information required by Item 11 of Part III is included under the heading “Executive Compensation Discussion and Analysis” 
in our 2020 Proxy Statement relating to our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 2020 and is 
incorporated herein by reference.

81

ITEM 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters

Information required by Item 12 of Part III is included in our 2020 Proxy Statement  relating to our 2020 Annual Meeting 
of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.

The following table provides certain information as of December 31, 2019, with respect to our equity compensation 
plans:

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans
  approved by security holders
Equity compensation plans not
  approved by security holders
Total

Number Of Securities
To Be Issued Upon
Exercise Of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants And Rights1

Weighted Average
Exercise Price Of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants And Rights2

Number of Securities
Remaining Available
For Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation Plans

1,234,293

$

—
1,234,293

$

49.36

—
49.36

1,032,427

—
1,032,427

1  

2  

Includes 354,064 performance shares, 656,374 stock options, and 223,855 restricted stock units, or RSUs, which are the maximum number of shares 
that could be awarded under the performance share, stock option, and RSU programs, not including future dividend equivalents, if any are paid.

Performance shares and RSUs do not have exercise prices. During 2019, 97,155 stock option awards vested with a weighted average exercise price 
of $45.10. 

ITEM 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Information required by Item 13 of Part III is included under the heading “Transactions with Related Persons” in our 2020
Proxy Statement relating to our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 2020 and is incorporated 
herein by reference.

ITEM 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Information required by Item 14 of Part III is included under the heading “Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm” in our 2020 Proxy Statement relating to our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 13, 
2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.

82

PART IV

ITEM 15.
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following financial statements of Clearwater Paper are included in this report:

Consolidated Balance Sheets-December 31, 2019, and 2018.
Consolidated Statements of Operations-years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income-years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows-years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity-years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Notes to the Financial Statements.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Interim Financial Results (unaudited).

No other financial statement schedules are required to be filed.

83

EXHIBIT
NUMBER

3.1*

3.2*

4.1*

4.2*

4.3*

4.4*

10.1*

10.1(i)*

10.1(ii)*

10.1(iii)*

10.1(iv)*

DESCRIPTION

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, effective as of December 16, 2008, as 
filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 
18, 2008).

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, effective as of December 16, 2008 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on December 18, 2008).

Indenture, dated as of January 23, 2013, by and among Clearwater Paper Corporation (the 
“Registrant”), the Guarantors (as defined therein) and U.S. Bank National Association, as 
trustee, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-
K filed with the Commission on January 24, 2013).

Form of 4.500% Senior Notes due 2023 (incorporated by reference as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.1 
to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 24, 
2013).

Indenture, dated as of July 29, 2014, by and among Clearwater Paper Corporation (the 
“Registrant”), the Guarantors (as defined therein) and U.S. Bank National Association, as 
trustee, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-
K filed with the Commission on July 29, 2014).

Form of 5.375% Senior Notes due 2025 (incorporated by reference as Exhibit A to the 
Indenture filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the 
Commission on July 29, 2014).

Commercial Bank Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and among the financial 
institutions signatory thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Clearwater Paper 
Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 3, 2016).

Amendment to Commercial Bank Agreement, effective as of December 31, 2017, by and 
among the financial institutions signatory thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and 
Clearwater Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 11, 2018).

Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement and Amendment to the Collateral Agreement, 
effective as of June 27, 2018, by and among the financial institutions signatory thereto, Wells 
Fargo Bank, National Association and Clearwater Paper Corporation (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10(ii) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the 
Commission on August 7, 2018).

Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of August 21, 2018, by and among the 
financial institutions signatory thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Clearwater 
Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Company’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 9, 2018).

Amendment No. 4 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of November 8, 2018, by and among 
the financial institutions signatory thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and 
Clearwater Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 (iv) to the Company's 
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 18, 2019).

84

 
 
 
10.1(v)*

10.2*

10.2(i)*

10.2(ii)*

10.2(iii)*

10.2(iv)*

10.2(v)*

10.3*1

10.4*1

10.5*1

10.5(i)*1

10.5(ii)*1

Amendment No. 5 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of June 10, 2019, by and among the 
financial institutions signatory thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Clearwater 
Paper Corporation. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 9, 2019).

Farm Credit Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and among the financial institutions 
signatory thereto, Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, and Clearwater Paper Corporation 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on November 3, 2016).

Amendment to Farm Credit Agreement, effective as of December 31, 2017, by and among the 
financial institutions signatory thereto, Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, and Clearwater 
Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 11, 2018).

Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement and Amendment to the Collateral Agreement, effective 
as of June 27, 2018, by and among the financial institutions signatory thereto, Northwest Farm 
Credit Services, PCA, and Clearwater Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10(iii) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 
7, 2018).

Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of August 21, 2018, by and among the 
financial institutions signatory thereto, Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, and Clearwater 
Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ii) to the Company’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 9, 2018).

Amendment No. 4 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of November 8, 2018, by and among 
the financial institutions signatory thereto, Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, and 
Clearwater Paper Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(iv) to the Company's 
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 18, 2019).

Amendment No. 5 to the Credit Agreement, effective as of June 10, 2019, by and among the 
financial institutions signatory thereto, Northwest Farm Credit Services, PCA, Clearwater 
Paper Corporation. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 9, 2019).

Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Company and each of its 
directors and executive officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Amendment No. 
4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the Commission on 
November 19, 2008).

Employment Agreement between Linda K. Massman and the Company, dated effective 
January 1, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1(i) to the Company's Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission May 8, 2019).

Clearwater Paper Corporation Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the 
Commission on May 8, 2015).

Amendment to the Clearwater Paper Corporation Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive 
Plan, effective January 1, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5(i) to the Company's 
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 22, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 11, 
2017).

85

 
 
10.6*1

10.6(i)*1

10.6(ii)*1

10.7*1

10.7(i)*1

10.7(ii)*1

10.7(iii)*1

10.7(iv)*1

10.8*1

10.8(i)*1

10.8(ii)*1

10.8(iii)*1

Clearwater Paper Corporation Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of 
Performance Share Agreement to be used for annual performance share awards approved 
subsequent to December 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6(iv) to the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 22, 2016).

Clearwater Paper Corporation—Form of Performance Share Agreement, as amended and 
restated, to be used for annual performance share awards approved subsequent to December 
31, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 
8-K filed with the Commission on February 10, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Corporation-Form of Performance Share Agreement, as amended and 
restated, to be used for annual performance share awards approved subsequent to December 
31, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 
8-K filed with the Commission on February 14, 2019).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of Restricted Stock Unit 
Agreement, as amended and restated December 1, 2009, to be used for annual restricted stock 
unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2009, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.12(ii) to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
December 4, 2009).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of RSU Deferral Agreement 
for Founders Grant RSUs (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 14, 2011).

Clearwater Paper Corporation Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of 
Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, to be used for restricted stock unit awards approved 
subsequent to December 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7(xii) to the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission February 22, 2016).

Clearwater Paper Corporation—Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, as amended and 
restated, to be used for restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2016 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on February 10, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Corporation-Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, as amended and 
restated, to be used for restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2017 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7(x) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed with the Commission on February 21, 2018).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of Stock Option Agreement 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on February 18, 2014).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Letter of Amendment to 
Outstanding Stock Option Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2015 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.7(i) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the 
Commission on February 26, 2015).

Clearwater Paper Corporation 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of Stock Option Agreement, 
to be used for annual restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2014 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7(ii) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed with the Commission on February 26, 2015).

Clearwater Paper Corporation Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan—Form of 
Stock Option Agreement, to be used for annual restricted stock unit awards approved 
subsequent to December 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(iii) to the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission February 22, 2016).

86

 
 
 
10.8(iv)*1

10.8(v)*1

10.9*1

10.9(i)*1

10.10*1

10.11*1

10.11(i)*1

10.12*1

10.13*1

10.13(i)*1

10.14*1

10.14(i)*1

10.15*1

Clearwater Paper Corporation— Form of Stock Option Agreement, as amended and restated, 
to be used for annual restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2016 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on February 10, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Corporation- Form of Stock Option Agreement, as amended and restated, to 
be used for annual restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2017 
Clearwater Paper Corporation- Form of Stock Option Agreement, as amended and restated, to 
be used for annual restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2017 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(v) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed with the Commission on February 21, 2018).

Clearwater Paper Corporation Annual Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 9, 
2014).

Amendment to the Clearwater Paper Corporation Annual Incentive Plan, effective as of 
January 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on July 27, 2016).

Amended and Restated Clearwater Paper Corporation Management Deferred Compensation 
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-
K filed with the Commission on February 22, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Executive Severance Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 20, 2014).

Clearwater Paper Amended Executive Severance Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10(i) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 9, 
2018).

Amended and Restated Clearwater Paper Corporation Salaried Supplemental Benefit Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed with the Commission on February 22, 2017).

Clearwater Paper Corporation Benefits Protection Trust Agreement (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on 
March 18, 2009).

Amendment to the Clearwater Paper Corporation Benefits Protection Trust Agreement, dated 
August 8, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16(i) to the Company's Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on October 31, 2013).

Amended and Restated Clearwater Paper Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for 
Directors, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 7, 2017).

Amended and Restated Clearwater Paper Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for 
Directors, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 7, 2018).

Clearwater Paper Change of Control Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on February 20, 2014).

87

 
 
10.16*1

10.17*

10.18*

10.19*1

10.20*1

(21)

(23)

(24)

(31)

(32)

101

Offer Letter, dated March 18, 2019, with Robert G. Hrivnak. (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1(ii) to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission 
May 8, 2019).

Term Loan Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2019, by and among JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
as  administrative  agent,  and  the  lenders  party  thereto,  and  Clearwater  Paper  Corporation 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on July 31, 2019).

ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2019 by and among JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, and Clearwater Paper Corporation 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
with the Commission on July 31, 2019).

Employment Agreement between Arsen S. Kitch and the Company, dated effective April 1, 
2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-
K filed with the Commission on January 31, 2020).

Clearwater Paper Corporation-Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, as amended and 
restated, to be used for restricted stock unit awards approved subsequent to December 31, 2019

Clearwater Paper Corporation Subsidiaries.

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

Powers of Attorney.

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications.

Furnished statements of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer under 18 
U.S.C. Section 1350.

Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, is formatted
in XBRL interactive data files: (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017; (iii) Consolidated Balance
Sheets at December 31, 2019 and 2018, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the
years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, (v) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’
Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and (vi) Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.

       * Incorporated by reference.

1 Management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 16.
Form 10-K Summary

Not applicable.

89

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

CLEARWATER PAPER CORPORATION

(Registrant)

By  

/s/    Linda K. Massman
Linda K. Massman 
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal 
Executive Officer)

Date: March 6, 2020 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

By

By   

By   

/s/    Linda K. Massman
Linda K. Massman

President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)

/s/    Robert G. Hrivnak
Robert G. Hrivnak

Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief
Financial Officer (Principal Financial
Officer)

/s/    Rebecca A. Barckley
Rebecca A Barckley

Vice President, Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

Date
March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

*
Alexander Toeldte

*
Kevin J. Hunt

*   
 John J. Corkrean

*   
John W. Laymon

*
William D. Larsson

*
John P. O'Donnell

  Director and Chair of the Board

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

March 6, 2020

*By  

/s/    Michael S. Gadd
Michael S. Gadd
(Attorney-in-fact)

Director

Director

Director

  Director

  Director

90

 
 
   
   
    
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
  
    
  
    
    
   
 
Performance Graph 
The below graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock for the period beginning 
December 31, 2014 and ending December 31, 2019, with the cumulative total return during such period of the 
Russell  2000®  Index  and  the  S&P  MidCap  400®  Index  (excluding  those  companies  classified  as  members  of 
the  GICS®  Financials  sector) .   The  comparison  assumes  $100  was  invested  on  December  31,  2014,  in 
our  common stock and in the indices and assumes dividends were reinvested. The stock performance shown on 
the  below  graph  represents  historical  stock  performance  and  is  not  necessarily  indicative  of  future  stock 
price  performance. 

We measure our relative corporate performance for purposes of performance-based equity awards issued to our 
executive  officers  against  a  specific  index.  Each  year,  an  index  is  established  to  apply  to  performance-based 
equity awards issued in that year. We currently measure our relative performance, for purposes of performance- 
based equity awards, against the S&P MidCap 400® Index (excluding those companies classified as members of 
the GICS® Financials sector). The cumulative return for that index is listed below. 

Comparison of Cumulative Five Year Total Return* 

$200

$150

$100

$50

$0
12/31/14

12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

12/31/19

Clearwater Paper Corporation

Russell 2000 Index

S&P MidCap 400® Index (excluding members of the GICS® Financials sector)

*This comparison assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2014, in our common stock and in the indices 
and assumes dividends were reinvested. 

 
 
 
 
[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

Corporate Information 

MANAGEMENT 

Arsen S. Kitch 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
(Effective April 1, 2020) 

STOCK LISTING 

Clearwater Paper common stock is listed under the 
symbol CLW on the New York Stock Exchange. 

Robert G. Hrivnak 
Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer 

ANNUAL MEETING 

Steve M. Bowden 
Senior Vice President, General Manager, 
Pulp and Paperboard Division 

Michael S. Gadd 
Senior Vice President, General Counsel  
and Corporate Secretary 

Kari G. Moyes 
Senior Vice President, Human Resources 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

John J. Corkrean 
Director since 2019 

Kevin J. Hunt 
Director since 2013 

Arsen S. Kitch 
Director since April 1, 2020 

William D. Larsson 
Director since 2008 

Joe W. Laymon 
Director since 2019 

Linda K. Massman 
Director Since 2013 

John P. O’Donnell 
Director since 2016 

Alexander Toeldte 
Chair of the Board, Director since 2016 

EXECUTIVE OFFICES 

601 West Riverside Avenue 
Suite 1100 
Spokane, WA 9920 
Phone: (509) 344-5900 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

The 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held on 
Wednesday, May 13, 2020, at 9:00 a.m. (Pacific Time). The meeting 
will be held at 601 W. Riverside Ave., Spokane, WA 99201. 

TRANSFER AGENT 

MAILING ADDRESSES 

Stockholder correspondence should be mailed to: 
Computershare 
P.O. BOX 505000 
Louisville, KY 40233 

Overnight correspondence should be sent to: 
Computershare 
462 South 4th Street Suite 1600 
Louisville, KY 40202 

STOCKHOLDER WEBSITE 

www.computershare.com/investor 

Stockholder online inquiries 

https://www-us.computershare.com/investor/Contact 

Toll Free Number   

Outside the U.S.   

Hearing Impaired   

TDD International  

866-205-6799 

201-680-6578 

800-490-1493 

781-575-4592 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Copies of the company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission, the company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code 
of Business Conduct and Ethics, and Charters of the Committees of 
the Board of Directors are available free of charge at the company’s 
website, www.clearwaterpaper.com. 

This report contains, in addition to historical information, certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation 
Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding production from the company’s Shelby, N.C. expansion, innovation and product development, 
benefits of debt refinancing including cash flow generation and balance sheet metrics, and sustainability goals, commitment and performance. These 
forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, assumptions and projections that are subject to change. Our 
actual results of operations may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. Important 
factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed in the “Risk Factors” and “Developments and Trends in Our 
Business” sections contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31 2019, which is in this report. Forward-looking 
statements contained in this report present management’s views only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update 
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. 

FSC®-CERTIFIED PAPER 

Clearwater Paper Corporation’s Annual Report was printed by Donnelley Financial Solutions entirely on FSC-certified paper.  Chain-of-Custody 
certificate TT-COC-005939.  The Annual Report was printed on Donnelley Financial Opaque Text manufactured from FSC-recycled content. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clearwater Paper Corporation
601 West Riverside Avenue, Suite 1100
Spokane, WA 99201
www.clearwaterpaper.com