Quarterlytics / Healthcare / Medical - Devices / Cochlear

Cochlear

coh · ASX Healthcare
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Employees 1001-5000
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FY2013 Annual Report · Cochlear
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c o cHl e aR  an n u a l   R e p oR t   2 0 1 3

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A shared
future

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Financial Report  Cochlear Limited ACN 002 618 073 and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013
Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

 Page 

Section 

23 

directors’ Report

83 

13.  Inventories

23 

  principal activities and review of operations

84 

14.  property, plant and equipment

30 

  Remuneration Report

85 

15.  Intangible assets

58 

lead auditor’s Independence declaration

88 

16.  deferred tax assets and liabilities

59 

Income statement

89 

17.  trade and other payables

60 

statement of comprehensive Income

89 

18.  loans and borrowings

61 

balance sheet

91 

19.  commitments

62 

statement of changes in equity

92 

  20. provisions

63 

statement of cash flows

93 

  21.  contingent liabilities

64  notes to the financial statements

94 

  22. capital and reserves

64 

1.  Reporting entity

95 

  23. notes to the statement of cash flows

64 

  2.  basis of preparation

96 

  24. controlled entities

65 

  3.  significant accounting policies

97 

  25. Related parties

73 

  4.  financial risk management

101 

  26. employee benefits

76 

  5.  Revenue and expenses

105 

  27.  financial instruments

77 

  6.  net finance expense

112 

  28. events subsequent to the reporting date

77 

  7.  auditors’ remuneration

112 

  29. product recall

78 

  8.  Income tax expense

113 

  30. parent entity disclosures

79 

  9.  dividends

114  directors’ declaration

79 

10.  operating segments

115 

Independent audit Report

82 

11.  earnings per share

116  additional Information

83 

12.  trade and other receivables

117 

 Glossary, company asx announcement  
Record and company Information

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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The directors present their report, together with the Consolidated Financial Report of the Consolidated Entity (Cochlear), being Cochlear 
Limited (the Company) and its controlled entities, for the year ended 30 June 2013, and the Auditor’s Report thereon.

Directors

The directors of the Company at any time during or since the end of the financial year were Mr R Holliday-Smith, Mrs YA Allen, Mr PR Bell, 
Prof E Byrne, AO, Mr A Denver, Mr DP O’Dwyer and Dr CG Roberts.

Information on the directors is presented in the Annual Report. This information includes the qualifications, experience and special 
responsibilities of each director. It also gives details of the directors’ other directorships. Information on the Company Secretary including his 
qualifications and experience is presented in the Annual Report.

directors’ meetings
The number of directors’ meetings (including meetings of committees of directors) and number of meetings attended by each of the 
directors of the Company during the financial year are:

Board of 
directors

Audit 
Committee

Medical Science 
Committee 

Nomination 
Committee

Human Resources 
Committee

Technology and 
Innovation Committee

Held

Attended

Held

Attended

Held

Attended

Held

Attended

Held

Attended

Held

Attended

Mr R Holliday-Smith

Mrs YA Allen

Mr PR Bell

Prof E Byrne, AO

Mr A Denver

Mr DP O’Dwyer

Dr CG Roberts

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

5

5

-

-

5

5

-

5

5

-

-

5

5

-

-

-

-

4

4

4

4

-

-

-

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

-

4

4

4

4

4

4

-

6

2

6

-

6

6

-

6

2

6

-

6

6

-

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

2

3

3

3

Principal activities and review of operations and results

operations

Business model
Cochlear’s mission is:

“We help people hear and be heard. We empower people to connect with others and live a full life. We transform the way people 
understand and treat hearing loss. We innovate and bring to market a range of implantable hearing solutions that deliver a lifetime of 
hearing outcomes.”

Cochlear’s strategy is focused on customer experience, operational excellence, product innovation, people engagement and value creation.

Cochlear’s product innovation strategy is to create and bring to market a segmented portfolio of innovative and quality products. Cochlear 
offers a range of advanced solutions to address different types of hearing loss such as:

• cochlear implants, designed to help those people with moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss; and

• bone conduction implants, designed to help those people with conductive hearing loss, mixed hearing loss or single-sided deafness.

Cochlear’s implant systems comprise an implant which is inserted during surgery and an external sound processor. This external sound 
processor can be upgraded with new technology as it becomes available.

For the financial year ended 30 June 2013 (F13), 89% of Cochlear’s sales revenue was from cochlear implant (Nucleus) products and 11% 
from bone conduction (Baha) products. This proportion of sales is consistent with that for the prior year. 

The barriers to increasing the penetration of the candidate base include:

• awareness of implantable solutions as a viable option;

• patient motivation;

• lack of clear referral paths;

• affordability and funding availability; and

• clinic capacity.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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Cochlear operates in a complex industry. Each country has differing penetration rates and reasons for that level of penetration owing to 
differing cultural and economic situations. 

Cochlear estimates that more than a quarter of a million people have been implanted with one of its implants. Cochlear’s business 
model includes supporting these customers with innovative and compatible products, through the sale of sound processor upgrades and 
accessories and ongoing product support.

Cochlear aims to remain the market leader in implantable hearing solutions. There is no published market share data so Cochlear uses 
various data points to internally estimate market share. Cochlear estimates it has a market leading share of implantable hearing solutions, 
including approximately 65% share of cochlear implants. 

Cochlear’s global headquarters is based on the Macquarie University campus in Sydney, Australia. At this location are the corporate offices, 
manufacturing, research and development as well as the Asia Pacific regional headquarters.

Cochlear manages its sales and distribution through three regions, each comprising a main regional head office plus regional offices: 

• Americas, which includes the United States of America (USA), Canada and Latin America;

• EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa; and

• Asia Pacific, which includes Australasia and Asia.

Cochlear has a deep geographical reach, selling in over 100 countries. Cochlear has a direct presence in approximately 20 countries and uses 
distributors and agents in the balance. 

Manufacturing for the cochlear implant product range continues to be based in Australia, at three sites: Lane Cove and Macquarie University, 
both in Sydney, and Brisbane. Lane Cove will continue to manufacture Cochlear’s legacy products. New implant ranges will be manufactured 
at Cochlear’s Macquarie University headquarters. The Brisbane site is responsible for manufacturing the non-implant components. 

The bone conduction implant product range continues to be manufactured in Sweden.

Cochlear’s supply chain operates with product being distributed from its manufacturing sites in Australia and Sweden to its regional 
distribution centres in the USA, the United Kingdom and Panama. The product is then further distributed to the end customer.

The proportion of Cochlear’s sales to end customers by region is approximately: Americas 40%, EMEA 40% and Asia Pacific 20%.

Foreign exchange has a significant impact on Cochlear’s consolidated results. Cochlear has a partial natural hedge with over 90% of sales in 
foreign currency and over 50% of costs in foreign currency. To help manage the portion not covered by the natural hedge, foreign exchange 
contracts on foreign currency cash flows back to Australia are taken out. These contracts cover a three year period at a declining level of 
cover. The Australian dollar (AUD) strengthened again during the year against the Japanese yen (JPY) and Euro (EUR) and weakened slightly 
against the United States dollar (USD). These are hedged currencies. 

Future foreign exchange contracts are detailed in Note 27 to the financial statements.

operating result f13

Revenue
Sales of cochlear implant units were up 16% to 26,674. 

Sales revenue was up 1% from that for last year to $715.0 million. In constant currency terms (ie restating F12 at F13 foreign exchange 
rates), sales revenue was up 3%. 

The sales to existing cochlear implant recipients or “customer base” sales are included in the sales numbers for cochlear implants. Revenue 
from sound processor upgrades, that is sales of new sound processors to existing recipients, can be cyclical. F13 sound processor upgrade 
sales were down $23.6 million from those for the prior year. Sound processor upgrade sales, particularly in the second half of the year, were 
negatively impacted by customers holding back purchases ahead of the release of new products. 

Sales of bone anchored solutions of $78.6 million were up 1% from those for last year and up 2% in constant currency terms. 

Foreign currency contracts applied against foreign cash inflows resulted in a gain of $37.7 million this year (2012: gain of $74.4 million). 
This was in line with movement in foreign currency rates according to Cochlear’s hedging policy. Over the past few years, the AUD has 
appreciated and Cochlear’s favourable rate contracts have been rolling off and replaced with contracts at higher rates applicable at the time 
they were taken out.

Regional sales
•  Americas sales revenue of $284.4 million declined 4% (down 5% in constant currency). In the USA, the market softened as sales were 

negatively impacted by the expectation of new product releases. Sound processor upgrade revenue was down $17.0 million as customers 
held off purchases ahead of the release of Cochlear’s Nucleus 6 sound processor.

   In the last quarter of F13, the USA business introduced a Future Technology Exchange Program (FTEP) where new implant recipients 

could exchange their sound processors for new technology at no additional cost once the new technology is approved for sale. Revenue 

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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on cochlear implant system sales of $4.6 million was deferred under the FTEP and will be recognised when the new sound processor is 
delivered to customers.

•  EMEA sales revenue of $283.0 million decreased 1% (increased 3% in constant currency). EMEA revenue growth continues to reflect the 

portfolio of geographies in the region, with varying growth rates in different countries. 

   In the last quarter of F13, the EMEA business introduced an FTEP in selected countries. Revenue on cochlear implant system sales of $1.8 

million was deferred under the FTEP and will be recognised when the Nucleus 6 sound processor is delivered to customers.

•  Asia Pacific sales revenue of $147.6 million increased 20% (increased 24% in constant currency). A Central Government tender sale into 
China of approximately 2,800 units was supplied in F13. Approximately 1,800 units were delivered in the first half of F13 and the balance 
in the second half. Cochlear did not recognise any Central Government of China tender sales in the prior year. 

   Australia continued its double digit cochlear implant unit sales growth. This demonstrates that there continues to be solid growth prospects 
for the other regions. For example, sales in Canada are less than those in Australia, but the Canadian population is one and a half times the 
size of that of Australia. There are no statistically different demographics applicable to hearing impairment in the two countries.

Product sales
As well as a portfolio of geographies, there is also a portfolio of products impacting Cochlear’s revenue:

•  cochlear implant sales revenue increased 2% (increased 3% in constant currency) to $636.4 million. Sound processor upgrade sales fell 

$23.6 million as customers held off upgrading their sound processor ahead of the release of new technology. The cochlear implant offering 
covers a portfolio of electrodes including the Nucleus CI422 with Slim Straight electrode which was launched last year and has been well 
received by the market; 

•  bone conduction implant sales revenue grew 1% (increased 2% in constant currency) to $78.6 million. There have been a number of new 
entrants in the bone conduction implant industry over the last three years and Cochlear has lost market share over that time. Cochlear 
introduced its Baha DermaLock Abutment for soft tissue preservation during F13; and 

•  the acoustics implant solutions business made its first sales during the second half of F13. This business has expanded Cochlear’s 

product portfolio through the acquisition of Otologics LLC technology in F13. The Codacs product range is awaiting European regulatory 
approval. Cochlear believes this segment remains an important part of its product offering and will further broaden the indications for 
new candidates.

Profit
Cochlear’s cost of goods sold to sales revenue of 29.1% is marginally above that for last year of 28.9%. Over the last five years, Cochlear’s 
cost of goods sold to sales revenue percentage has been maintained despite the appreciation of the AUD. This has been achieved through 
productivity improvements.

The CI500 series implant was voluntarily recalled in September 2011. Recall costs of $138.8 million were recognised in the prior year as a 
charge to cost of sales ($101.3 million after tax). There were no additional costs provisioned for the product recall in F13.

Selling, general and administration expenses were down 1% as a result of a disciplined approach to expenditure. Due to lower than 
budgeted sales this year, short-term and long-term employee incentive costs were below 100% achievement. Cochlear upgraded its Oracle 
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system to Release 12 during the year. This project and various process improvements cost approximately 
$14 million and are being depreciated over seven years commencing in the last quarter of F13.

R&D expenses of $124.7 million increased 5%, reflecting the deliberate strategy to maintain momentum in the future development work 
of R&D. Cochlear acquired the assets of Otologics LLC during the first half of F13, augmenting the further development of the acoustic 
product range.

During F13, there was a net loss of $2.5 million (2012: loss of $0.3 million) on the translation of foreign assets. This is reported through 
Note 5 to the financial statements.

The earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) of $178.9 million for F13 was $36.4 million lower than that for the prior year (excluding the 
product recall costs). EBIT to total revenue of 23.8% was below that for last year of 27.6%.

Net interest expense increased $1.9 million to $6.2 million due to higher borrowings. Interest cover was 29 times (2012: 18 times).

The effective tax rate of 23.2% increased by 1.9 percentage points. Excluding the impact of the product recall in F12, last year’s tax rate was 
25.1%, making this year’s rate down 1.9 percentage points. 

NPAT increased 133% to $132.6 million. Excluding the product recall cost in F12, NPAT decreased 16%.

Overall, NPAT was negatively impacted by $46.0 million due to both translation and transaction movements in foreign exchange rates 
during the year.

financial position
Inventories of $131.6 million were up 30% (2012: $101.3 million). Inventory days increased to 231 days (2012: 182 days). This reflects 

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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a planned build-up of inventories back to target levels following last financial year’s recall, a build of inventories ahead of new product 
launches (particularly Nucleus 6), acquisition of inventories from Otologics LLC, and build of acoustics inventories. 

Trade receivables of $187.6 million were up 30% (2012: $144.7 million). In constant currency, trade receivables were up 21%. Debtor days 
increased to 80 days (2012: 73 days). Debtor days increased in the Americas and EMEA as a higher proportion of sales came from emerging 
markets which have longer credit terms. A further provision of $0.6 million was made in F13, bringing the total provision to $3.6 million. In 
Asia Pacific, the debtor days also increased due to the tender sale into China which is on extended credit terms. There is approximately $15 
million still owing on this China tender sale at 30 June 2013 which is anticipated to be collected in F14.

Trade payables and accruals decreased by $17.8 million mainly due to the payment for assets from Otologics LLC of $10 million. This amount 
was recognised as a liability at 30 June 2012. The product recall provision was reduced by $16.4 million to $36.6 million at 30 June 2013. 

Intangible assets of $235.8 million (2012: $206.7 million) are a significant proportion of Cochlear’s total assets. Some $171.0 million of this 
total relates to goodwill arising from the earlier acquisitions of businesses, principally the Entific business in 2005. All intangible assets are 
tested for impairment on an annual basis. There were no impairments or write-downs of intangible assets in F13. 

The final dividend of $1.27 per share brought the full year dividend to $2.52 per share, up 3%. This reflects the Board’s continued confidence 
in Cochlear’s long-term sustainable growth. The dividend payout ratio is above Cochlear’s historic payout ratios. The plan is over time to 
return the payout ratio to historic levels as profits grow.

Net debt was $117.8 million at 30 June 2013 (2012: net cash of $2.9 million). The increase in debt was driven by:

• an increase in working capital as discussed above;

• acquisition of assets from Otologics LLC of $13.6 million;

• expenditure on development of the ERP system of $14.4 million; and

• payment of dividends of $142.5 million.

At year end, debt facilities of $300 million were in place with terms of three and five years. At 30 June 2013, the unused portion of the 
facility was $128.7 million. All bank covenants were met at year end.

outlook
There continue to be more people in the world diagnosed with hearing loss who could benefit from Cochlear’s products than are treated 
each year. There remains a significant, unmet and addressable clinical need which will continue to underpin long-term sustainable growth.

The clinical and business environments in which Cochlear operates are dynamic and evolving. Cochlear is committed to identifying  
and supporting the clinical trends as they will shape its future operating environment. A good example of this is the ongoing trend for 
bilateral implantation.

F14 will continue to see the introduction of new products across Cochlear’s product range. Several are in the process of obtaining regulatory 
approval. Cochlear believes these new products will continue to underpin demand and sales growth for the business.

A key product launch in F14 is the next generation sound processor, Nucleus 6. Nucleus 6 is the first of a range of products to be released 
based on a new custom chipset that has been in development for over six years and contains significant new functionality improving 
hearing performance and ease of use for cochlear implant recipients of all ages. Nucleus 6 includes the industry’s only auditory scene 
classifier, which analyses the sound environment and automatically applies the best sound processing technology. In addition, it contains 
direct wireless connectivity, integrated hearing aid functionality and the smallest and most water resistant behind the ear sound processor 
on the market.

Cochlear received regulatory approval for the Nucleus 6 in Europe and limited approval in the USA in August 2013. The Nucleus 6 has now 
been launched in Europe and will be launched in the USA in the first half of F14.

Cochlear is also introducing new bone conduction products in F14 and is expanding the available indications with its first successful clinical 
trial of Baha Attract. 

First sales of the Carina Met product, part of the acoustic implant product range, were made at the end of F13. Cochlear anticipates sales of 
the acoustic implant product range to slowly build up over the coming years. In the short term, they will remain an immaterial proportion 
of Cochlear’s business.

Cochlear continues to experience the portfolio effect across the range of countries it sells into. Some countries experience strong growth, 
some remain flat and some experience a slowdown. Overall, the trend is for long-term sustainable growth. 

Several of the emerging markets are heavily biased to tender sales, including the Central Government of China’s tenders. Cochlear reviews 
these tenders carefully and participates at a level that makes commercial sense.

Cochlear remains committed to funding market growth initiatives. These include candidate identification and support; reimbursement and 
government policy aimed at enhancing cochlear implantation; referral path initiatives; and geographic expansion.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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At 30 June 2013, Cochlear had foreign currency equivalent of $437.6 million in foreign exchange contracts. In F14, the average exchange 
rate for the USD contracts is 0.97 and the average for EUR contracts is 0.72. At rates applicable on 30 June 2013, a net loss on foreign 
exchange contracts in F14 is forecast.

business risks
Cochlear’s principal business risks are outlined below. These are significant risks that may adversely affect Cochlear’s business strategy, 
financial position or future performance. It is not possible to identify every risk that could affect Cochlear’s business, and the actions taken 
to mitigate the risks described below cannot provide absolute assurance that a risk will not materialise.

•  Product innovation and competition

 Cochlear is exposed to the risk of failing to develop and produce the most innovative products for customers. Increased competition 
exposes Cochlear to the risk of losing market share as well as a decrease in average selling prices in the industry. Cochlear is also exposed 
to the risk of technological advancement by third parties where alternative products are developed and sold that render Cochlear’s 
products obsolete. This could result in a loss of sales.

 In F13, Cochlear invested over 16% of revenue in R&D. Cochlear also works with over 100 external research partners. The creation of new 
intellectual property and the protection of new and existing intellectual property are a key focus for Cochlear. Cochlear currently  
has patents over a range of features of its technologies.

•  Patent litigation

 Cochlear operates in an industry that has substantial intellectual property and patents protecting that intellectual property. Cochlear is 
exposed to the risk that it will be litigated against for claims of patent infringement. This could result in Cochlear paying royalties to be 
able to continue to manufacture product, or injunctions preventing Cochlear selling products it had developed. 

•  Misappropriation of know-how and intellectual property

 Cochlear is exposed to the risk of its know-how and intellectual property being misappropriated either through hacking of its systems or 
by employees, consultants and others who from time-to-time have access to Cochlear’s know-how and intellectual property. This could 
result in competitors using this information and increasing their competitiveness. Cochlear could lose market share as a result of this.

 Cochlear monitors its systems and has confidentiality agreements in place with employees and third parties that are exposed to its know-
how and intellectual property.

•  Regulation

 Cochlear operates in a highly regulated industry. Medical devices are subject to strict regulations of regulatory bodies in the USA, Europe, 
Asia and Australia as well as many other local bodies in countries where Cochlear’s products are sold. If Cochlear or a third party supplier 
fails to satisfy regulatory requirements or the regulations change and amendments are not made, this could result in the imposition of 
sanctions. Delays in achieving regulatory approval can impact Cochlear’s ability to sell its latest technology. These risks could result in the 
loss of sales and reputational harm.

 Cochlear has a worldwide quality assurance system in place.

•  Reimbursement

 The majority of Cochlear’s customers rely on a level of reimbursement from insurers and government health authorities to fund their 
purchases. There is increasing pressure on healthcare budgets globally. Cochlear is also subject to healthcare related taxes imposed by 
government agencies and this could negatively impact the ability of candidates to access Cochlear’s products (eg the Medical Device 
Excise Tax in the USA).

 Cochlear continues to work with reimbursement and government agencies throughout the world to emphasise the benefits and cost 
effectiveness of the intervention.

•  Product liability

 The manufacturing, testing, marketing and sale of Cochlear’s products involve product liability risk. As the developer, manufacturer, 
marketer and distributor of certain products, Cochlear may be held liable for damages arising from use of its products during development 
or after the product has been approved for sale.

 Cochlear maintains product liability insurance and operates a worldwide quality assurance system related to the design, testing and 
manufacture of its products. In September 2011, Cochlear initiated a worldwide voluntary recall of its unimplanted Nucleus CI500 
cochlear implant range. Management’s best estimate of the probable costs related to the recall was expensed and provided for in F12  
as disclosed in Note 29 to the financial statements.

•  Interruption to product supply

 Cochlear relies on third-party companies for the supply of key materials and services. This carries the risk of delays and disruptions in 
supplies. Certain materials are available from a single source only and regulatory requirements make substitution costly, time-consuming 
or commercially unviable. Lifetime and strategic purchases of certain items are made.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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 Cochlear manufactures its cochlear implant products in Sydney, with the latest generation products to be manufactured at Cochlear’s 
Macquarie University headquarters and legacy products in Lane Cove. Cochlear manufactures its bone conduction implant products in 
Sweden. There is the potential risk of disruption to sales should a manufacturing facility be unable to operate. Any new manufacturing 
facility will require regulatory approval prior to being able to produce and sell product from it. This approval could take many months.

 Cochlear monitors its suppliers and identifies second source supply where possible. Inventories are managed and purchased in  
sufficient quantities for continued product supply in the short term. Cochlear also regularly reviews its disaster recovery plans for its 
manufacturing sites. 

•  Foreign exchange rates

 Cochlear is exposed to currency risk on sales and purchases that are denominated in a currency other than the respective functional 
currencies of the legal entities. The currencies in which these transactions primarily are denominated are AUD, USD, EUR, JPY, Sterling 
(GBP), Swedish kroner (SEK) and Swiss francs (CHF). Over 90% of Cochlear’s revenues and over 50% of costs are denominated in 
currencies other than AUD. 

 Currency risk is hedged in accordance with the treasury risk policy. The treasury risk policy aims to manage the impact of short-term 
fluctuations on Cochlear’s earnings. Over the longer term, permanent changes in market rates will have an impact on earnings. Derivative 
financial instruments (forward exchange contracts) are used to hedge exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates in a declining 
ratio of coverage out to three years.

•  Credit 

 Cochlear’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the geographical location and characteristics of individual customers. Cochlear 
does not have a significant concentration of credit risk with a single customer. The majority of debtors are government supported clinics 
or major hospital chains.

 Policies and procedures for credit management and administration of receivables are established and executed at a regional level. 
Individual regions deliver reports to management and the Board on debtor ageing and collection activities on a monthly basis.

 In monitoring customer credit risk, the ageing profile of total receivables balances and individually significant debtors is reported by 
geographic region to the Board on a monthly basis. Regional management is responsible for identifying high risk customers and placing 
restrictions on future trading, including suspending future shipments and administering dispatches on a prepayment basis. 

 In addition, absolute country limits are in place and Chief Financial Officer approval is required to increase a limit. These limits are 
periodically reviewed by the Audit Committee.

•  Interest rates 
  Cochlear is exposed to interest rate risks in Australia. 

 Interest rate risk is hedged on a case-by-case basis by assessing the term of borrowings and the purpose for which the funds are obtained. 
Hedging against interest rate risk is achieved by entering into interest rate swaps. At 30 June 2013, no hedging had been entered into.

Note: The following non-IFRS financial measures are included in this document:
• excluding recall costs; and
• constant currency.
Refer to page 117 for a discussion of these items.

consolidated results
The consolidated results for the financial year are:

Revenue

Profit before income tax

Net profit after tax but before product recall costs

Product recall costs net of tax

Net profit 

Basic earnings per share (cents)

Diluted earnings per share (cents)

2013

$000

752,721

172,637

132,563

-

132,563

233.0

232.4

2012

$000

778,996

72,157

158,139

101,336

56,803

100.0

99.8

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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dividends
Dividends paid or declared by the Company to members since the end of the previous financial year are:

Type

Cents per share

Total amount 
$000

Date of payment

% 
franked

Tax rate for  
franking credit

In respect of the previous financial year:
Final - ordinary shares

In respect of the current financial year:
Interim - ordinary shares

125.0

125.0

71,216

20 September 2012

71,295 

12 March 2013

35%

40%

30%

30%

The final dividend in respect of the current financial year has not been provided for in the Financial Report as it was not declared until after 
30 June 2013. Since the end of the financial year, the directors declared a final 127 cents per share dividend, 30% franked at the tax rate of 
30%, amounting to a total of $72,441,984.

environmental regulations
Cochlear’s operations are subject to significant environmental regulations under the Commonwealth of Australia and State/Territory 
legislation. The Board believes that Cochlear has adequate systems in place to manage its environmental obligations and is not aware of  
any breach of those environmental requirements as they apply to Cochlear.

non-audit services
During the year, KPMG, the Company’s auditor, has performed certain other services in addition to its statutory duties. The Board has 
considered the non-audit services provided during the year by the auditor and in accordance with written advice provided by resolution of 
the Audit Committee, is satisfied that the provision of those non-audit services during the year by the auditor is compatible with, and did 
not compromise, the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 for the following reasons:

•   all non-audit services were subject to the corporate governance procedures adopted by the Company and have been reviewed by the 

Audit Committee to ensure that they do not impact the integrity and objectivity of the auditor; and

•  the non-audit services provided do not undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set out in APES 110 Code 
of Ethics for Professional Accountants, as they did not involve reviewing or auditing the auditor’s own work, acting in a management or 
decision-making capacity for the Company, acting as an advocate for the Company or jointly sharing risks and rewards.

Details of the amounts paid to the auditor of the Company, KPMG, and its related practices for audit and non-audit services during the year 
are set out below:

audit services

Auditors of the Company:

KPMG:

- audit and review of financial reports

- other regulatory compliance services

total audit services

non-audit services 

Auditors of the Company:

KPMG:

- taxation compliance services

total non-audit services

state of affairs
There were no significant changes to the state of affairs of Cochlear during the financial year.

Consolidated

2013

$

2012

$

1,336,981

58,925

1,395,906

1,286,910

69,672

1,356,582

1,211,162

1,211,162

1,128,460

1,128,460

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

Remuneration Report – audited

table of contents

Section

Title

Description

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Introduction

Describes the scope of the Remuneration Report and the individuals whose remuneration details are disclosed.

Remuneration 
governance

Describes the role of the Board and the Human Resources Committee, and the use of remuneration consultants 
when making remuneration decisions.

Non-executive 
director 
remuneration

Provides details regarding the fees paid to non-executive directors.

Executive 
remuneration

Outlines the principles applied to executive remuneration decisions and the framework used to deliver this 
framework including the performance and remuneration linkages. 

Employee share 
scheme and other 
share information

Service contracts 
and employment 
agreements

Provides details regarding Cochlear’s employee equity plans including that information required by the 
Corporations Act 2001 and applicable accounting standards.

Provides details regarding the contractual arrangements between the Cochlear and the executives whose 
remuneration details are disclosed.

1.0 Introduction
Cochlear is a geographically diverse business, subject to rapid and changing competitive forces, including currency variations, and with a 
long history of growth. The Board remains committed to a strong growth focus and has developed its executive remuneration policies to 
direct behaviours towards achieving sustainable growth in shareholder value over the long term. At the same time, these policies must be 
flexible enough to enable Cochlear to attract, motivate and retain high performing executives in many locations in a dynamic environment.

The Board’s philosophy and approach to executive remuneration have always been to balance fair remuneration for skills and expertise 
with a risk and reward framework that supports longer-term growth of Cochlear as a global business. A planned review of executive 
remuneration during the financial year ended 30 June 2012 (F12) was undertaken in F13 following the Company’s last Annual General 
Meeting (AGM). Key initiatives included:

•  an independent assessment and evaluation of the F12 Remuneration Report;

•  an independent survey of shareholders was commissioned to better understand the reasons for the ‘no’ vote on the Remuneration Report 

at the 2012 AGM;

•  the principal institutional proxy advisor firms were consulted for specific feedback;

•  the Chairman and Human Resources Committee (HRC) Chairman met with a cross section of major shareholders to canvas their views;

•  an internal review of executive key management personnel (KMP) remuneration was undertaken; and

•  independent benchmark assessments were commissioned in respect of Board and selected KMP remuneration.

 
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Following this detailed and comprehensive review process, a number of changes have been adopted in respect of Cochlear’s executive KMP 
remuneration policies. Specific details of the changes are included in the Remuneration Report and can be summarised as follows:

1.  the Remuneration Report has been reformatted with improved disclosure principles adopted to ensure shareholders are presented with a 

clear and comprehensive analysis of Board and executive KMP remuneration;

2.  the use of performance shares for executive KMP long-term incentive (LTI) has been suspended;

3.  performance rights for executive KMP LTI have been introduced;

4.  changes in the eligibility criteria for participation in the Cochlear LTI will result in fewer executive participants;

5.  the remuneration mix for the CEO/President and other executive KMP has been reweighted;

6.  the short-term incentive (STI) opportunity for selected executives has been increased;

7.  as a consequence, the deferral of STI into performance rights has been introduced effective from 1 July 2013 for up to 30% of STI cash; 

8.  the use of options for selected executive KMP LTI has been retained because options are consistent with our objective to continue as a 

growth company. Shareholders interviewed were largely supportive and other than one shareholder they expressed no reservations with 
this policy assuming an appropriate allocation methodology and market accepted hurdle conditions were applied;

9.  the LTI allocation methodology (including the option valuation for LTI dollar value) has been changed. The option value will now be 

calculated independently applying the ‘gross contract value’ of the option at the calculation date, before any discounts for performance 
or service. The notional variable remuneration opportunity for selected executives has been adjusted to partly compensate for this 
change, which is material;

10. the performance conditions to apply to the F13 LTI were reviewed. The earnings per share (EPS) hurdle rates will remain unchanged at 

the high end of market expectations. The total shareholder return (TSR) hurdle rate has been modified after consideration of shareholder 
feedback. See Section 4.4.2;

11. selected Board and executive KMP remuneration has been independently benchmarked to ensure the remuneration of these key roles 

meets external expectations; 

12. director fees will remain unchanged in F14, apart from a minor increase in Chairman fees for Audit Committee and HRC to reflect the 

additional responsibilities and time commitments required; and

13. the remuneration mix for all executive KMP was reviewed to ensure it met external benchmark standards. Changes adopted have been 

explained in the Remuneration Report.

On balance, Cochlear’s approach to Board and executive KMP remuneration is to adopt a fair and equitable approach which will reward and 
motivate a successful and experienced executive team to deliver ongoing business growth which meets the expectations of all shareholders.

The Board welcomes feedback from shareholders on our remuneration practices or on the communication of remuneration matters in the 
F13 Remuneration Report. 

1.1 scope
This Remuneration Report sets out, in accordance with the relevant Corporations Act 2001 (Corporations Act) and accounting standard 
requirements, the remuneration arrangements in place for KMP of Cochlear during F13.

1.2 key management personnel
Key management personnel have authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of Cochlear and comprise 
the non-executive directors, and executive KMP (being the executive director and other senior executives named in this report). Details of 
the KMP as at year end are set out in the table below:

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non-executive directors

Rick Holliday-Smith

Yasmin Allen

Paul Bell

Edward Byrne, AO

Andrew Denver

Donal O’Dwyer

title (at year end)

change in f13

Chairman
Member, Human Resources Committee
Member, Audit Committee
Chairman, Nomination Committee
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

Director
Chairman, Audit Committee
Member, Human Resources Committee
Member, Nomination Committee
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

Director
Chairman, Human Resources Committee
Member, Nomination Committee
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

Director
Member, Nomination Committee
Chairman, Medical Science Committee
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

Director
Member, Human Resources Committee
Member, Audit Committee
Member, Nomination Committee
Member, Medical Science Committee
Chairman, Technology and Innovation Committee

Director
Member, Human Resources Committee
Member, Audit Committee
Member, Nomination Committee
Member, Medical Science Committee
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

No change. Full year
Appointed member, Technology and Innovation 
Committee, April 2013

No change. Full year
Appointed member, of Human Resources Committee, 
January 2013

No change. Full year

No change. Full year
Appointed member, Technology and Innovation 
Committee, April 2013

No change. Full year 
Appointed Chairman, Technology and Innovation 
Committee, April 2013

No change. Full year
Appointed member, Medical Science and Technology 
and Innovation Committees, April 2013

executive director

Chris Roberts

other executive kMp

Richard Brook

Jan Janssen

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)/President
Member, Medical Science Committee 
Member, Technology and Innovation Committee

No change. Full year

President, European Region

No change. Full year

Senior Vice President, Design and Development

No change. Full year

Neville Mitchell

Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary

No change. Full year

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

President, Asia Pacific Region

President, Americas Region

There were no key management personnel departures during F13.

No change. Full year

No change. Full year

 
 
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2.0 Remuneration governance
This section of the Remuneration Report describes the role of the Board and the HRC, and the use of remuneration consultants when 
making remuneration decisions.

2.1 Role of the board and the Human Resources committee 
The Board is responsible for Cochlear’s remuneration strategy and policy. Consistent with this responsibility, the Board has established the 
HRC which comprises solely independent non-executive directors (NEDs).

The role of the HRC is set out in its Charter, which is reviewed annually and was last revised and approved by the Board in December 2012. 
In summary, the HRC’s role is to:

•  ensure that the appropriate procedures exist to assess the remuneration levels of the Chairman, other NEDs, executive directors, direct 

reports to the CEO/President, Board Committees and the Board as a whole;

•  ensure that Cochlear meets the requirements of Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) Diversity Guidelines;

•  ensure that Cochlear adopts, monitors and applies appropriate remuneration policies and procedures;

•  ensure that reporting disclosures related to remuneration meet the Board’s disclosure objectives and all relevant legal requirements;

•  develop, maintain and monitor appropriate talent management programs including succession planning, recruitment, development; and 

retention and termination policies and procedures for senior management; and

•  develop, maintain and monitor appropriate superannuation arrangements for Cochlear.

The HRC’s role and interaction with Board, internal and external advisors, are further illustrated below:

The Board 
Reviews, applies judgement and, as appropriate, approves the HRC’s recommendations.

The Human Resources Committee
The HRC operates under the delegated authority of the Board.
The HRC is empowered to source any internal resources and obtain external independent professional  
advice it considers necessary to enable it to make recommendations to the Board on the following:

Remuneration policy, 
composition and 
quantum of remuneration 
components for executive 
KMP, and performance 
targets

Remuneration policy in 
respect of NEDs

Talent management 
policies and practices 
including superannuation 
arrangements

Design features of 
employee and executive 
STI and LTI plan awards, 
including setting of 
performance and other 
vesting criteria

External consultants

Internal resources

Further information on the HRC’s role, responsibilities and membership is contained in the Corporate Governance Report on pages 13 to 21 
of this Annual Report. The HRC terms of reference can also be viewed in the Investor Centre, Corporate Governance section of the Cochlear 
website, www.cochlear.com. 

 
                                                                                                                  
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2.2 use of remuneration consultants
From 1 July 2011, the existing practice was formalised and all proposed remuneration consultancy contracts (within the meaning of section 
206K of the Corporations Act) became subject to prior approval by the Board or the HRC in accordance with the Corporations Act.

During F13, several remuneration consultancy contracts were entered into by Cochlear and accordingly the disclosures required under 
section 300A(1)(h) of the Corporations Act are set out as follows:

advisor/consultant — f13

services provided

Remuneration consultant for the purposes of the 
corporations act 

Ian Crichton, Remuneration 
Consultant, CRA Plan Managers 
Pty Limited

1.  benchmarking of selected KMP roles, and 

recommendations on CEO/President remuneration;

Yes

2. preparation and review of F13 Remuneration Report; No

3.  analysis of Cochlear remuneration strategy and LTI 

No

offer methodology; and

4.  survey of shareholders (including selected proxy 
advisor firms) to ascertain reasons for ‘no’ vote  
on F12 Remuneration Report at the 2012 AGM

Ernst & Young

1. benchmarking of selected KMP roles only;

2. LTI plan review and global due diligence; and

3. remuneration review trends and benchmarking

No

No

No

No

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key questions regarding use of remuneration consultants

Did the remuneration 
consultant provide 
remuneration 
recommendations in relation 
to any of the executive KMP 
for F13?

How much was the 
remuneration consultant paid 
by Cochlear for remuneration 
related and other services?

Yes, benchmark data, recommendation and analysis provided. 

CRA Plan Managers Pty Limited – remuneration services $24,127; other services $69,807.

What arrangements did 
Cochlear make to ensure that 
the making of the remuneration 
recommendation would be free 
from undue influence by the 
executive KMP?

Cochlear made the following arrangements:
•  Cochlear implemented a protocol to govern the procedure for procuring advice relating to KMP remuneration. 

The protocol contained a summary of the process for the engagement of the remuneration consultant, 
the provision of information to the remuneration consultant and the communication of remuneration 
recommendations; and

•  the remuneration consultant agreed to adhere to the protocol procedures and was required to advise the HRC 

whether or not it had been subjected to undue influence and to provide a Statement of Independence.

Is the Board satisfied that the 
remuneration information 
provided was free from any 
such undue influence? What 
are the reasons for the Board 
being so satisfied?

Yes, the Board is satisfied. The reasons are as follows:
•  the Chairman of the HRC had oversight of all requests for remuneration information; 
•  the protocol with respect to the procurement of remuneration related advice was adhered to, including with 
respect to engagement of the remuneration consultant, the provision of information to the remuneration 
consultant and the communication of remuneration data requests and the provision of reports directly to the 
HRC Chairman;

•  at appropriate times, the remuneration consultant provided written confirmation that it had not been 

subjected to any undue influence;

•  the HRC met on several occasions with the remuneration consultant in the absence of executive KMP. There 

were no concerns raised by the remuneration consultant with respect to any undue influence being exerted by 
the executive KMP; and

•  the HRC did not observe any evidence that undue influence had been applied. 

 
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3.0 non-executive director remuneration

3.1 ned remuneration 

principle

comment

Fees are set by reference to  
key considerations

Fees for NEDs are based on the nature of the NEDs’ work and their responsibilities. The remuneration rates 
reflect the complexity of Cochlear and the extent of the geographical regions in which Cochlear operates. In 
determining the level of fees, survey data on comparable companies is considered. NEDs’ fees are recommended 
by the HRC and determined by the Board. Shareholders approve the aggregate amount available for the 
remuneration of NEDs. A minor increase in HRC and Audit Committee Chairman fees will be introduced in F14. 
All other fees will remain unchanged.

Remuneration is structured to 
preserve independence whilst 
creating alignment 
(see also section 3.4)

To preserve independence and impartiality, NEDs are not entitled to any form of incentive payments including 
options and the level of their fees is not set with reference to measures of Cochlear performance.
However, to create alignment between directors and shareholders, the Board has adopted guidelines that 
request NEDs to hold (or have a benefit in) shares in Cochlear equivalent in value to at least one year’s base fees. 
Cochlear does not offer loans to fund share ownership.

Aggregate Board and 
committee fees are approved 
by shareholders

The total amount of fees paid to NEDs in F13 is within the aggregate amount approved by shareholders at the 
AGM in October 2011 of $2,000,000 per year.

3.2 ned fees and other benefits

elements

details

Board/committee fees  
per annum - F13

post-employment benefits

Superannuation

Retirement scheme

Board Chairman fee1

Board NED base fee

committee fees

Audit

Human Resources

Nomination

Medical Science

Technology and Innovation2

$438,000

$146,000

committee chair

committee member

$35,000

$25,000

No fee

$20,000

$20,000

$20,000

$10,000

No fee

$10,000

$10,000

Superannuation contributions have been made at a rate of 9% of the base fee (but only up to the Australian 
Government’s prescribed maximum contributions limit) which satisfies the Company’s statutory superannuation 
contributions. The contribution rate will increase in future years in line with mandated legislative increases. 
Contributions are not included in the base fee.

From 2003, no new NED was entitled to join the Cochlear directors’ retirement scheme. NEDs appointed 
prior to this were members of the scheme, which provided NEDs with more than five years’ service, retirement 
benefits of up to three times their annual remuneration over the previous three years.
On 23 October 2006, the Board determined that it should implement changes to NED remuneration consistent 
with developing market practice and guidelines, by discontinuing the ongoing accrual of benefits under the 
existing retirement scheme once the remaining members of the scheme reached their five year service period. 
The benefits accrued to that date are indexed by reference to the bank bill rate.
All directors transitioned from the retirement scheme during F07. As at 30 June 2013, Edward Byrne is the only 
NED entitled to this benefit.
The accrued entitlement for Edward Byrne under the Cochlear directors’ retirement scheme as at 30 June 2013 
was $410,817.

other benefits

Equity instruments

Other fees/benefits

NEDs do not receive any performance related remuneration, options or performance shares.

NEDs receive reimbursement for costs directly related to Cochlear business.
No payments were made to NEDs during F13 for travel allowances, extra services or special exertions.

1. Committee fees are not paid to the Chairman of the Board.
2. Fees for the Technology and Innovation Committee will only be paid commencing 1 July 2013. No fees were paid for this Committee during F13.

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3.3 ned total remuneration

Amounts $

Rick Holliday-Smith (Chairman)

Yasmin Allen1

Paul Bell

Edward Byrne

Andrew Denver1

Donal O’Dwyer

Total

Short-term 
benefits

Fees

Post-employment 
benefits

Termination 
benefits2

Superannuation 
benefits

438,000

438,000

185,192

181,000

171,000

171,000

166,000

166,000

186,000

176,000

186,000

186,000

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12,293

16,485

- 

- 

 -

- 

1,332,192

1,318,000

12,293

16,485

16,470

15,775

15,888

15,295

15,338

14,880

14,940

14,672

15,753

15,088

15,961

15,503

94,350

91,213

Total

454,470

453,775

201,080

196,295

186,338

185,880

193,233

197,157

201,753

191,088

201,961

201,503

1,438,835

1,425,698

Year

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

1.   Increases related to additional Board Committee responsibilities.
2.   Amounts accrued for interest during the financial year relating to the directors’ retirement scheme.

3.4 Minimum shareholding guidelines
The Board has approved minimum shareholding guidelines for NEDs, the CEO/President and those executives who report directly to the 
CEO/President. Under these guidelines, all NEDs are requested to accumulate a minimum shareholding in Cochlear shares equivalent in 
value to one year’s base fees and all executive KMP are required to accumulate a minimum shareholding in Cochlear shares equivalent to 
one year’s fixed remuneration.

The guidelines were implemented in March 2007. All current NEDs and executive KMP covered by the guidelines are holding the minimum 
shareholding in conformity with these guidelines at the date of this report.

4.0 executive remuneration

4.1 executive kMp remuneration 
Cochlear’s executive remuneration policies are designed to attract, motivate and retain a highly qualified and experienced group of 
executives employed across diverse geographies. Fixed remuneration components are determined having regard to the specific skills and 
competencies of the executive KMP with reference to both internal and external relativities, particularly local market conditions. The ‘at 
risk’ components of remuneration are strategically directed to encourage management to strive for superior (risk balanced) performance 
by rewarding the achievement of targets that are challenging, clearly defined, understood and communicated within the ambit of 
accountability of the relevant executive KMP.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Executive KMP remuneration objectives are exemplified through three categories of remuneration, as illustrated below:

Executive KMP remuneration objectives

Shareholder value creation 
through equity components

An appropriate balance 
of ‘fixed’ and ‘at risk’ 
components

The creation of reward 
differentiation to drive 
performance values and 
behaviours

Attract, motivate and retain 
executive talent across diverse 
geographies

Total target remuneration (TTR) is set by reference to the relevant geographic market

Fixed

At risk

Total fixed remuneration (TFR)

Short-term incentives (STI)

Long-term incentives (LTI)

TFR is set based on relevant market 
relativities, reflecting responsibilities, 
performance, qualifications, experience and 
geographic location

STI performance criteria are set by reference 
to Cochlear group and/or regional revenue 
and EBIT and individual performance targets 
relevant to the specific position

LTI targets are linked to both Cochlear group 
internal EPS growth and external relative 
TSR outperformance measures

Base salary plus any fixed elements related 
to local markets, including superannuation 
or equivalents

Remuneration will be delivered as:

f13: Paid in cash semi-annually
f14: Part cash and part equity (performance 
rights). The equity component will be 
subject to service and deferred for 2 years
Part cash and part equity (from F14) 
(deferred). The equity component is subject 
to service and deferred for 2 years

Strategic intent and market positioning

f13: Equity in options or shares 
f14: Equity in options or performance rights. 
All equity is held subject to service and 
performance for 3 years from grant date. The 
equity is at risk until vesting. Performance is 
tested once at the vesting date

TFR will generally be positioned at the 
median compared to relevant market based 
data considering expertise and performance 
in the role

Performance incentive is directed to achieving 
Board approved targets reflective of market 
circumstances TFR + STI is intended to be 
positioned in the 3rd quartile of the relevant 
benchmark comparison

LTI is intended to reward executive KMP for 
sustainable long-term growth aligned to 
shareholders’ interests. LTI allocation values 
are intended to be positioned at the top  
of the 3rd quartile of the relevant 
benchmark comparison

Total target remuneration
TTR is intended to be positioned in the 3rd quartile compared to relevant market benchmark  
comparisons. 4th quartile TTR may result if outperformance is achieved 

                                                                           
                                                                            
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4.2 Remuneration composition mix and timing of receipt

4.2.1 Current remuneration mix and amendments for F14 
Cochlear endeavours to provide an appropriate and competitive mix of remuneration components balanced between fixed and at risk and 
paid in both cash and deferred equity. The broad remuneration composition mix for executive KMP can be illustrated as follows:

Remuneration mix f13

Position

CEO/President

Other executive KMP

TFR  
(Cash) at target

STI  
(Cash) at target

LTI  
(Equity) at target

40%

30% of TTR

30% of TTR

At least 52%

Up to 24% of TTR

Up to 24% of TFR

cochlear’s ceo/president and executive kMp remuneration composition will be changed effective from 1 July 2013 for f14.
The review of Executive remuneration involved shareholder feedback and market benchmarks to understand context and positioning and 
detailed analysis of past remuneration outcomes using the new valuation methodology. Following the review of remuneration, the Board 
has decided to reweight the performance based elements of total targeted remuneration and to introduce a deferred equity component to 
the STI plan for executive KMP. The effect of this reweighting and by applying the new LTI allocation valuation will deliver a lower effective 
LTI value ( through lower LTI allocations) offset by a higher STI opportunity but with up to 30% deferred into equity with a further two year 
vesting period. In gross terms, it is not anticipated that the total cost to the company will increase. This change was made in response to 
the detailed remuneration strategy review and to ensure executives are rewarded for sustained performance. The Board believes the new 
arrangements better reflect contemporary standards and remuneration benchmark comparisons.

The mix of remuneration for the CEO/President and executive KMP will also change effective from 1 July 2013, as shown below:

proposed remuneration mix from 1 July 2013

Position

CEO/President

Other executive KMP

TFR  
(Cash) at target

STI  
(Cash and equity) at target

LTI  
(Equity) at target

33.4%

33.3% of TTR

33.3% of TTR

At least 48%

Up to 26% of TTR

 Up to 26% of TTR

These proposed changes appear quite simple when presented in table format, but may give the impression that total target remuneration 
will increase as a result. This is not the case because there are a number of nuances that need explanation.

total fixed remuneration (tfR)
Cochlear’s approach to TFR settings will remain largely unchanged. That is, the aim is to position all executives at between the median 
and 75th percentile, but at the lower end of this range where possible to control fixed costs, exchange rate movements notwithstanding. 
This positioning has been confirmed by our recent independent remuneration benchmark assessments. Only modest increases in TFR are 
proposed in F14 to maintain this balanced approach.

short-term incentives
Cochlear has consistently focused STI on achieving annual revenue and EBIT targets and personal objectives. To support our balanced 
approach to TFR, we have set STI targets aimed at achieving a market competitive TFR + STI towards the 3rd quartile when budgets are met. 
The independent remuneration benchmark assessment and our historic approach to LTI valuation indicated that Cochlear’s remuneration 
strategy, if anything, was overweight in LTI and underweight in respect of STI. Hence, the proposed recalibration of the remuneration mix, as 
set out in the table above. 

This notional increase in STI opportunity under the proposed remuneration mix is offset in two material ways. Firstly, effective from F14, 
up to 30% of STI cash target will now also be subject to an additional two year deferral (service only) and invested in performance rights 
creating an alignment of interests between executives and shareholders, and secondly, by changing the LTI allocation value to be consistent 
with shareholder expectations it effectively halves the number of options that will now be available for the LTI dollar value, when compared 
to our historic allocation methodology. 

long-term incentives 
The Board has listened to shareholder concerns about the use of discounted accounting value in determining the number of options 
allocated. All LTI dollar opportunity going forward will be calculated using the ‘gross contract value’. The effect of this change is material. 
Based on comprehensive analysis of the last few years, the change from ‘accounting value’ to ‘gross contract value’ effectively reduces the 
number of options available for the same LTI dollar value by a factor of 2:1. That is, if the LTI opportunity were maintained, executives would 
now receive approximately 50% of prior equity allocations determined under the accounting value approach. 

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Left unadjusted, this would simply result in a material reduction in remuneration for our key executives. 

With the world economy improving, particularly in the US, this would leave us unreasonably exposed to competitive pressures. The 
reweighting of STI and LTI components better meets market benchmarks and ensures each remuneration element remains fair. 

total target remuneration
TTR under the reweighted remuneration mix will, in the opinion of the Board, deliver an overall risk adjusted outcome which is fair, market 
competitive and at no material extra cost to the Company.

It should also be noted that Cochlear has performance hurdles, particularly for LTI that are at the higher end of the market (S&P/ASX 100 
companies) in terms of degrees of difficulty. Further, any LTI award will only have value to the executive if the performance hurdles are met 
to enable vesting to occur, and for option related awards, that the equity outcomes are positive in terms of share price movement (ie the 
share price on vesting exceeds the exercise price).

4.2.2 Remuneration – timing of receipt of the benefit for F14 onwards

The three complementary components of executive KMP remuneration are ‘earned’ over multiple time ranges. This is illustrated in the 
following chart:

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3 

Year 4

Year 5

F14

F15

F16

TFR

STI cash

STI equity deferral (2 years)

LTI

TFR

STI cash

STI equity deferral (2 years)

LTI

TFR

STI cash

STI equity deferral (2 years)

LTI

Note: LTI is awarded in year 1 and earned in year 3 but expensed over the three year period. 

As illustrated, executive KMP remuneration is delivered on a cascading basis, with a material component deferred for two (STI) and  
three (LTI) years and awarded as equity. This remuneration mix is designed to ensure executive KMP are focused on delivering results  
over the short, medium and long term if they are to maximise their remuneration opportunity. This is aligned to shareholder interests  
and expectations.

4.3 total fixed remuneration explained
Total fixed remuneration (TFR) includes all remuneration and benefits paid to an executive KMP calculated on a total employment cost 
basis. In addition to base salary, selected overseas executives receive benefits that may include health insurance, car allowances and 

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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relocation allowances. In Australia, retirement benefits are generally paid in line with the statutory Superannuation Guarantee legislation 
prevailing. Legacy defined benefit plans were wound up in 2006. Globally, retirement benefits are generally paid in line with local legislation 
and practice.

Executive KMP TFR is tested regularly for market competitiveness by reference to appropriate independent and externally sourced 
comparable benchmark information, including for comparable ASX listed companies, and based on a range of size criteria including market 
capitalisation, taking into account an executive’s responsibilities, performance, qualifications, experience and geographic location.

Job evaluation methodologies are applied to assist with managing internal relativities. 

TFR adjustments, if any, are made with reference to individual performance, an increase in job role or responsibility, changing market 
circumstances as reflected through independent benchmark assessments or through promotion.

Any adjustments to executive KMP remuneration are approved by the Board, based on HRC and CEO/President recommendations.

4.4 Variable (at risk) remuneration explained
As set out in section 4.2, variable remuneration forms a significant portion of the CEO/President and other executive KMP remuneration 
opportunity. Apart from being market competitive, the purpose of variable remuneration is to direct executives’ behaviours towards 
maximising Cochlear’s short, medium and long-term performance. The key aspects are summarised below:

4.4.1 Short-term incentives (STI)

Purpose

Performance targets

The STI arrangements at Cochlear are designed to reward executives for the achievement against annual 
performance targets set by the Board at the beginning of the performance period. The STI program is reviewed 
annually by the HRC and approved by the Board. 
Any STI award in excess of the 100% budget opportunity is individually approved by the HRC. All STI awards  
to the CEO/President and other executive KMP are approved by the HRC and Board.

The key performance objectives of Cochlear are currently directed to achieving Board approved sales revenue  
and EBIT targets, and by the achievement of individual performance goals.
For the current year, sales revenue and EBIT targets had equal weighting.
The weighting between Cochlear group and regional sales revenue and EBIT will depend on the responsibilities 
and scope of influence of the executive KMP. Individual performance goals account for a 20% weighting for 
executive KMP based on a range of individual performance objectives including strategic objectives determined 
each year.
80% of STI is based on financial targets set by the Board and having regard to prior year performance, global 
market conditions, competitive environment, future prospects and the Board approved budgets. The specific 
targets are not detailed in this report due to their commercial sensitivity.
Validation of performance against the measures set for:
•  the CEO/President involves an independent review and endorsement by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), 

reviewed and approved by the HRC and Board; and

•  other executive KMP involves a review by the CEO/President based on inputs from the CFO. Final review is 

undertaken by the HRC and Board.

Any anomalies or discretionary elements are approved and validated by the Board.

Rewarding performance

The STI performance ratings are determined under a predetermined matrix with the Board determination final.

Mandatory deferral of STI – 
new provision to commence in 
F14 effective from 1 July 2013

Effective from 1 July 2013, there will be a mandatory deferral of a portion of STI, introduced to reinforce alignment 
with shareholder interests. Grants will be earned in year 1 and then held for two years until vesting to ensure focus 
on short and long-term business outcomes. In addition, this plan design will offer ancillary retention benefits.
The deferred component for F14 will be delivered as Cochlear performance rights calculated based on up to 30% 
of the STI amount depending on the position. 
The potential equity component will be independently determined based on the gross contract value using 
Cochlear’s five day volume weighted average price (VWAP) following the announcement of year end results 
in August 2014. That is, based on a Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model without discounting for service or 
performance hurdles. The number of performance rights to be awarded will be subject to achievement of STI 
objectives at the end of the relevant financial year and offered after the year end results announcement for that 
financial year.
Once the STI awarded as performance rights has been granted, there are no further performance measures 
attached to the performance rights other than continued tenure for the vesting period (two years).

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

table 1 - executive kMp stI opportunity and actual f13 stI awarded

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Executive KMP

Chris Roberts

Richard Brook

Jan Janssen

Position

CEO/President

President, European Region

Senior Vice President, Design  
and Development

Neville Mitchell

CFO and Company Secretary

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

President, Asia Pacific Region

President, America Region

Target STI as a % 
of F13 TTR

STI awarded as a 
% of TTR

Actual STI award 
in F13 ($)

Actual STI 
forfeited in F13 as 
a % of TTR

30%

21%

22%

22%

24%

23%

20.5%

16.8%

15.3%

15.3%

20.3%

12.5%

701,125

166,468

136,314

168,523

216,151

132,934

9.5%

4.2%

6.7%

6.7%

3.7%

10.5%

STI payments are based on the achievement of revenue and EBIT and personal objectives. For F13, STI targets were not fully achieved but 
there was positive progress in repositioning of the business focused towards long-term growth. STI was focused on bringing to market 
as soon as possible the necessary range of new innovative hearing technologies across the full product range of cochlear implants, bone 
anchored solutions and acoustic products. STI was also focused towards projects to support the growing number of recipients and the 
increasing number of associated clinics with a range of customer initiatives and services that are seen to be competitively beneficial and 
part of the program aimed at achieving sustainable growth. 

4.4.2 Long-term incentives (LTI)
The LTI provides an annual opportunity for executive KMP and other selected executives (based on their ability to influence and 
execute strategy) to receive an equity award deferred for three years, that is intended to align a significant portion of executives’ overall 
remuneration to shareholder value over the longer term. All LTI awards remain at risk and subject to clawback (forfeiture or lapse) until 
vesting and must meet or exceed EPS growth rates and/or relative TSR performance hurdles over the vesting period.

Purpose

To align executive KMP remuneration opportunity with shareholder value and provide retention stimulus.

Types of equity awarded

Time of grant

Time restrictions

LTI up to F13 has been provided under the Cochlear Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (CELTIP). See section 5.1 
for further details.
Under the CELTIP, selected senior executives are offered options (being options to acquire ordinary shares of 
Cochlear Limited), performance shares (being fully paid ordinary shares of Cochlear Limited) or a combination 
of both.
Effective from F14, it is intended that performance rights will replace performance shares subject to the terms of 
the Cochlear Executive Incentive Plan (CEIP). 

Grants up until F13 have been made in August each year after the release of the annual financial results (excluding 
the CEO/President whose grant was awarded after the AGM each year). In F14, equity grants will be made after 
the 2013 AGM based on values determined as at 12 August 2013.

Equity grants awarded to the CEO/President and other executive KMP are tested against the performance 
hurdles set, at the end of three years. If the performance hurdles are not met at the vesting date, performance 
shares are forfeited and performance options lapse. 
A minimum three years’ service and performance requirement will continue to be imposed on all future  
equity grants.

Performance hurdles and 
vesting schedule

Equity grants to the CEO/President and other executive KMP are subject to two performance conditions. The 
performance conditions applying to the latest grant (F13) were as follows:

Compound annual growth in EPS (3 years)

Ranking of TSR against S&P/ASX 100 (3 years)

Performance

% of equity to vest

Performance

% of equity to vest

< 10%

0%

< 50th percentile

0%

10% to 20%

50% to 100% pro-rata

50th to 75th percentile

50% to 100% pro-rata

> 20%

100%

> 75th percentile

100%

Options and performance shares vest if the time restrictions and relevant performance hurdles are met. The 
Board must approve any special provisions, in accordance with Company policies, in the event of termination of 
employment or a change of control.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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Change in TSR hurdle for F14

After consideration of shareholder feedback, the TSR hurdle rate will be modified for future LTI grants. Effective 
from F14, LTI participants will now only have 40% of their award vest at the 50th percentile for the TSR portion 
of their award.

Dividends

Voting rights

Currently, dividends in respect of performance shares are paid into the Cochlear Employee Share Trust, and in 
turn, paid to executives during the vesting period. Once performance shares are forfeited, dividends are no longer 
payable. From F14, no dividends will be attached to performance rights. 

There are no voting rights attached to options or performance rights or unvested performance shares nor vested 
shares unexercised.

Retesting

There is no retesting of performance hurdles under Cochlear LTI.

LTI allocation 

The size of individual LTI grants for the CEO/President and other executive KMP is determined in accordance with 
the Board approved remuneration strategy mix. See section 4.2.

f13
The target LTI dollar value for each executive once determined is then converted into a number of options and/or 
performance shares based on a valuation methodology determined at the grant date, as follows:
•  performance share allocation = LTI dollar value determined/Cochlear share value based on five day VWAP 

following year end results determined in accordance with estimated IFRS-2 value; and/or 

•  performance option allocation = LTI dollar value determined/option value determined in accordance with 

estimated IFRS-2 value. 

f14
The allocation methodology for options and performance rights will be changed effective from 1 July 2013. The 
target LTI dollar value for each executive will be converted to options and/or performance rights according to 
new LTI allocation values and will be independently determined based on the gross contract value of the relevant 
equity instrument and based on a Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model without discounting for service or EPS 
and TSR performance hurdles:
•  performance right allocation (from 1 July 2013) = LTI dollar value/Black-Scholes-Merton value before service or 

EPS and TSR performance discounts; and/or 

•  performance option allocation (from 1 July 2013) = LTI dollar value/Black-Scholes-Merton value before service 

or EPS and TSR performance discounts.

table 2 – Vesting outcomes (options and performance shares granted f09 to f11)

performance shares

Grant date

Vesting timeframe

EPS 3 year 
CAGR*

% vested

Relative 3 year 
TSR ranking 
percentile

% vested

Market price on 
vesting date

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

options

Grant date

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

* Compound annual growth rate.

Vested August 2011

Vested August 2012

Vested August 2013

15.2%

-24.6%

-5.5%

75.0%

0.0%

0.0%

97th

65th

28th

100.0%

79.3%

0.0%

$74.23

$64.40

N/A

Vesting timeframe

Exercise price

EPS 3 year 
CAGR*

% vested Relative 3 year 
TSR ranking 
percentile

Vested August 2011

Vested August 2012

Vested August 2013

$49.91

$60.04

$69.80

15.2%

-24.6%

-5.5%

75.0%

0.0%

0.0%

97th

65th

28th

% vested

100.0%

79.3%

0.0%

Net market 
value at 
vesting

$24.32

$4.36

N/A

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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4.5 other remuneration elements and disclosures relevant to executive kMp

4.5.1 Clawback
Specific clawback provisions proposed under Corporations Act amendments will be automatically complied with upon proposed legislation 
taking effect. There have been no circumstances where the proposed legislation would have applied.

4.5.2 Hedging and margin lending prohibition
Under the Cochlear Trading Policy and in accordance with the Corporations Act, equity granted under Cochlear equity incentive schemes 
must remain at risk until vested, or until exercised if performance options or performance rights. It is a specific condition of grant that no 
schemes are entered into, by an individual or their associates that specifically protect the unvested value of performance shares, options or 
performance rights allocated.

Cochlear also prohibits the CEO/President or ‘Designated Persons’ (including other executive KMP) providing Cochlear securities in 
connection with a margin loan or similar financing arrangement unless that person has received a specific notice of no objection in 
compliance with the policy.

Cochlear, in line with good corporate governance, has a formal policy setting down how and when employees of Cochlear may deal in 
Cochlear securities.

Cochlear’s Trading Policy is available on the Cochlear website www.cochlear.com under Investor Centre, Corporate Governance. 

4.5.3 Cessation of employment provisions
The provisions that apply for STI and LTI awards in the case of cessation of employment are detailed in sections 6.1 (Service contracts) and 6.2 
(Employment agreements).

4.5.4 Conditions of LTI grants
The conditions under which LTI (performance shares and performance options) are granted, and are approved by the Board in accordance 
with the relevant scheme rules, are as summarised in section 5.

4.5.5 Minimum shareholding guidelines
The purpose of the Cochlear NED and executive share ownership guidelines is to ensure appropriate alignment of the interests of Cochlear’s 
executive KMP with the financial interests of Cochlear’s shareholders.

The guidelines aim to create a share ownership focus and culture and to build long-term commitment to the Company by providing direction 
to KMP as to minimum levels of share ownership.

Each executive KMP should hold Cochlear Limited shares or vested options to an amount that is at least worth one time’s his/her prior year 
annual TFR, or one time’s base annual fees for NEDs, based on the 365 day average Cochlear Limited share price.

The guidelines were introduced in March 2007 and all executive KMP were expected to acquire the relevant number of shares over three years 
from implementation of the guidelines. All KMP are meeting the guideline requirements at the date of this report.

4.6 Relationship between cochlear performance and executive kMp remuneration

4.6.1 Cochlear financial performance (F09 to F13)

Sales revenue ($million)

EBIT ($million)

NPAT ($million)

Basic EPS (cents)

Total dividend per share (cents)

Share price as at 30 June ($)

TSR ranking within the S&P/ASX 100  
(at year end) (percentile)

F09

711.8

183.3

130.5

233.7

175.0

57.70

4

F10

696.2

220.5

155.2

275.7

200.0

74.32

18

F11

732.2

242.7

180.1

318.2

225.0

72.00

58

F12

704.6

76.5

56.8

100.0

245.0

65.84

52

F13

715.0

178.9

132.6

233.0

252.0

61.71

78

For further explanation of details on Cochlear performance, see the principal activities and review of operations and results section of the 
Directors’ Report on pages 23 to 29.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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4.6.2 Cochlear current year performance and relationship to executive KMP remuneration
Over the five year period, Cochlear has experienced significant challenges due to major shifts in the global economy including the volatility 
of the Australian dollar. The Board has managed executive KMP remuneration with the aim of ensuring each element of remuneration 
was market competitive and provided appropriate incentives to drive the achievement of results important for both short and long-term 
success. The Board believes that Cochlear has a strong management team and that the executive KMP remuneration is appropriately 
balanced, all things considered.

Explaining the direct relationship between Cochlear’s financial performance as summarised in the table above and executive KMP 
remuneration over the same period requires a detailed understanding of the nuances of our business over that period. 

Following the voluntary recall of the CI500 series in September 2011 and the related provision of $138.8 million in the December 2011 
half year financial statements, the Board adopted a multi-year approach to executive KMP STI, commencing from January 2012, aimed at 
repositioning and redirecting the Company back to sustainable growth as soon as was commercially possible.

Following the recall, Cochlear’s initial focus was on care, service and support for its product recipients, clinics and healthcare professionals. 
Attention was then turned to also include the wellbeing of staff and the steps necessary to protect the Company.

These steps included the establishment of short-term targets to reprioritise the business to this new environment, to protect our standing 
as the world leader in implantable hearing solutions, to understand what had happened and how to deal with the related issues, and to 
establish a longer-term review and reassessment of our strategic direction that would be across the whole global business and form the 
basis for a longer-term coordinated initiative to support long-term sustainable growth. 

The strategic plan was totally reviewed and revamped through the ensuing 12 months and was rolled out through the company 
commencing in F13.

In the second half of F12, the Board approved new financial and performance targets consistent with this approach and these became the 
new base for STI awards in the six month period to June 2012.

For F13, the Board similarly determined a challenging but balanced set of targets as part of the multi-year approach. The F13 financial 
targets were not wholly achieved and therefore the financial component of STI was not fully awarded. On the other hand, there was strong 
performance in most areas relating to the personal objectives portion of STI. Overall, the matrix of STI performance awards for executive 
KMP paid out between 54% and 85% of target for F13.

For F14, the Board has considered management’s multi-year performance plans that are now aligned with the Board approved strategic 
plan that is being implemented globally across the Company. The Board has approved challenging but achievable financial targets and 
performance objectives focused on the final stages of the post-recall strategy with particular emphasis on getting the planned new product 
range though the regulatory approval phase and available in all markets. This coming year will also be focused on strong execution of new 
product releases, active competitive engagement, new initiatives to support overall market growth, and strong support and engagement 
with product recipients, clinics and healthcare professionals. 

Our goal is to generate sustainable growth momentum into F15 and beyond in conjunction with the expected normalisation of foreign 
exchange (FX) contract related revenues and FX impacts.

4.6.3 Cochlear EPS and TSR performance (F09 to F13) and relationship to executive KMP remuneration
As explained in section 4.1, Cochlear’s remuneration framework aims to incentivise executive KMP towards long-term sustainable growth of 
the business internationally and the creation of shareholder value in the short, medium and long term. This is developed in two ways:

•  cash (and equity) short-term incentives, whether paid immediately depend on sales revenue and EBIT performance and outcomes for the 

completed performance year (as explained in section 4.4.1); and

•  long-term incentives, in the form of options and performance shares, are linked to compound annual growth in EPS and relative TSR 

performance (as explained in section 4.4.2).

EPS and relative TSR are generally accepted proxies for creation of shareholder value. It is the Board’s intention to review the suitability of 
these performance criteria and settings on a regular basis to ensure they best serve shareholders’ interests.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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earnings per share (eps)
Cochlear’s basic EPS over the last five years is displayed in the graph below which shows the effort to return to growth despite strong 
currency barriers:

cochlear – basic earnings per share (cents)

F10 275.7

F11 318.2

F09 233.7

F13 233.0

F12 100.0

The table below illustrates Cochlear’s annual growth in basic EPS in respect of performance from F09 to F11:

Grant date 

Compound EPS growth to end of financial year 

EPS vesting performance

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

F09

12.3%

F10

15.1%

18.0%

F11

15.2%

16.7%

15.4%

F12

F13

-24.6%

-39.8%

-5.5%

75.0%

0.0%

0.0%

The EPS performance over the three year period reflects the prevailing difficult business conditions, and the impact of the product recall in 
F12. Refer to the principal activities and review of operations and results on pages 23 to 29 for details on the performance of Cochlear.

total shareholder return (tsR) — unaudited

Cochlear’s relative TSR performance over the relevant performance periods up to 30 June 2013 in respect of vested equity grants is set out 
below. This information is unaudited.

Grant date

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

Relative TSR percentile 
ranking 

TSR vesting performance 

97th

65th

28th

100.0%

79.3%

0.0%

TSR is a function of share price growth and dividends reinvested. Cochlear’s performance, however, over time, is affected by a range 
of variables, including currency volatility, global economic and geopolitical conditions, market growth for its products and other 
competitive pressures.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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4.7 executive remuneration table – audited statutory disclosure (accounting cost to cochlear)

Year

Fixed remuneration

Variable remuneration

Total

Proportion of total remuneration

Short-term

Other employment 
costs

Total

Short-
term2,3

Equity 
compensation3,4,5

Total

Performance related

Equity related 

Amounts $

Salary

Non-
monetary 
benefits1

Super-
annuation 
benefits

Long 
service 
leave

Bonus

Value of 
options

Value of 
perform-
ance 
shares

%

%

Chris Roberts6

f13

1,349,920

F12

1,300,385

-

-

15,775

39,809 1,355,969

403,878

321,406

16,470

36,468 1,402,858

701,125

538,118

- 1,239,243 2,642,101

46.9%

20.4%

Richard Brook

f13

461,027

65,909

77,526

F12

468,104

93,708

81,225

-

-

604,462

166,468

123,627

643,037

104,804

89,442

-

-

-

725,284 2,081,253

290,095

894,557

194,246

837,283

Jan Janssen

f13

473,605

F12

453,401

Neville Mitchell

f13

507,936

F12

483,915

Mark Salmon

f13

550,889

F12

523,181

-

-

-

-

-

-

16,470

40,906

530,981

136,314

79,450

36,435

252,199

783,180

15,775

12,390

481,566

96,412

69,133

23,340

188,885

670,451

134,724

17,895

660,555

168,523

72,697

78,284

319,504

980,059

119,417

28,318

631,650

113,705

110,631

-

224,336

855,986

16,470

(540)

566,819

216,151

50,833

102,536

369,520

936,339

15,775

16,472

555,428

117,324

117,977

-

235,301

790,729

Chris Smith

f13

540,868

20,708

12,235

F12

488,741

20,404

11,760

-

-

573,811

132,934

138,301

11,954

283,189

857,000

520,905

104,417

21,212

92,954

218,583

739,488

total

Total

f13

3,884,245

86,617

273,895

94,729 4,339,486 1,521,515 1,003,026

229,209 2,753,750 7,093,236

F12

3,717,727

114,112

259,727

96,989 4,188,555

940,540

729,801

116,294 1,786,635 5,975,190

1.   Benefits include the provision of pension plans, car allowances, health insurance and relocation costs which are market based payments.
2.    For F12, short-term incentive (STI) payments were paid largely for second half-yearly performance only following the product recall, whereas for F13 STI payments were made for the full year (both first and second half-

years) and calculated based on budgets set in a year of recovery.

3.    Short-term and long-term incentive bonuses are awarded annually. The service and performance criteria are set out in this report. See section 4.4.1 Table 1 for more detail on F13 STI payments delivery. For F13, 

incentives paid represent 70% of target for the CEO/President and between 54% and 85% of target for other executive KMP.

4.    The fair value of options is calculated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model discounted for vesting probabilities of non-market performance criteria. The fair value of performance shares is 

calculated as the share price at the date of issue discounted for vesting probabilities of non-market performance criteria.
 The fair value of options and performance shares is allocated to each reporting period evenly over the period from grant date to vesting date. The amount expensed each reporting period includes adjustments to the 
life-to-date expense of grants based on the reassessed estimate of achieving non-market performance criteria and final vesting amounts for the non-market performance criteria options and performance shares.
 The value disclosed above is the portion of the fair value of the options and performance shares recognised as an expense in the financial year. The ability to exercise the options and performance shares is conditional on 
Cochlear achieving certain performance hurdles. Further details of options and performance shares granted during the financial year are set out in this report. 

5.    The total value of options and performance shares recognised in the current financial year for each executive KMP is higher than in the previous financial year due to changed assumptions on discounts used in  

IFRS-2 values.

6.   Chris Roberts is an executive director.

34.8%

32.4%

23.2%

32.2%

28.2%

32.6%

26.2%

39.5%

29.8%

33.0%

29.6%

38.8%

29.9%

15.4%

13.8%

10.7%

14.8%

13.8%

15.4%

12.9%

16.4%

14.9%

17.5%

15.4%

17.4%

14.2%

 
  
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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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4.8 executive remuneration table — unaudited
This table represents the value to the executive of cash paid and vested equity awards (intrinsic value) received during the year and unvested 
equity awards (IFRS-2 value) granted during the financial year, at risk. The LTI equity granted is a value determined under IFRS-2 which 
may or may not vest depending on future outcomes that are uncertain. Accordingly, this table incorporates data that could represent the 
accumulation of outcomes arising from multiple years. 

Year

Fixed remuneration and cash incentives received

Past at risk remuneration received 
during year

Actual 
remuneration 
received

Future at risk remuneration 
received

Amounts $

Fixed 
remuneration1

Incentives2

Total cash

Intrinsic value of 
vested options3

Intrinsic value 
of vested 
performance 
shares3

Incentives 
(deferred as cash)4

LTI (equity) 
granted during 
year5

Chris Roberts

Richard Brook

Jan Janssen

Neville Mitchell

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

total

Total

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

f13

F12

1,366,390

780,312

2,146,702

38,802

1,316,160

445,690

1,761,850

1,413,564

604,462

162,124

766,586

13,019

643,037

134,555

777,592

422,129

490,075

148,124

638,199

9,507

469,176

110,245

579,421

345,952

642,660

183,638

826,298

13,697

603,332

129,590

732,922

499,342

567,359

192,616

759,975

12,809

538,956

161,239

700,195

466,191

573,811

160,574

734,385

14,818

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 - 

 - 

- 

 - 

- 

2,185,504

299,692

1,026,353

3,175,414

378,878

986,831

779,605

84,945

184,030

1,199,721

80,600

197,122

647,706

59,602

196,030

925,373

71,412

186,731

839,995

73,590

242,593

1,232,264

88,705

231,041

772,784

115,859

254,190

1,166,386

92,324

242,126

749,203

51,748

250,102

520,905

130,860

651,765

414,180

99,418

1,165,363

79,388

218,384

4,244,757

4,091,566

1,627,388

1,112,179

5,872,145

5,203,745

102,652

3,561,358

 - 

99,418

5,974,797

8,864,521

685,436

791,307

2,153,298

2,062,235

1.  Represents the value of base salary, non-monetary benefits and superannuation received during the year (excludes the accrued value of long service leave).
2.  Represents STI payments received during the financial year. For example, F13 data includes F12 second half-year STI and F13 first-half year STI payments.
3.  Reflects the intrinsic value of vested employee share scheme (ESS) benefits at the end of the financial year (refer to section 5.4).
4.  Reflects STI payments related to the current financial year but paid in future years. For example, F13 data includes the F13 second half-year STI payment scheduled for payment during F14.
5.  Represents the accounting value (IFRS-2) of equity grants (options and/or performance shares) awarded during the year that are unvested and will be subject to achievement of future performance hurdles.

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5.0 employee share scheme and other share information
This section provides:

1.  a description of the employee share schemes (ESS) Cochlear uses to provide equity rewards to Cochlear employees;

2.  disclosures required in relation to ESS grants provided to executive KMP;

3.  disclosures required about ESS instruments that Cochlear has issued;

4.  disclosures required in relation to Cochlear Limited shares and other ESS instruments held by executive KMP;

5.  Cochlear’s share ownership guidelines; and

6.  Cochlear’s Trading Policy.

5.1 employee share schemes operated by cochlear

plan details

type of instruments

details

purpose

Cochlear Employee Share Plan 
(CESP)
Date established: 1999

Ordinary shares

Issue up to $1,000 worth of  
shares annually. 

Cochlear Executive Long Term 
Incentive Plan (CELTIP) 
Date established: 2003 AGM

Ordinary shares (options and/or 
performance shares) 

A long-term performance incentive 
scheme designed to reward 
participants for achieving market 
competitive EPS and relative TSR, 
as approved. Participants receive 
options and/or ordinary shares 
based on a predetermined formula.

Cochlear Executive Incentive 
Plan (CEIP)
Date established: July 2013

Awards consisting of ordinary 
shares; performance rights; options; 
and/or share appreciation rights.

A performance incentive scheme 
designed to reward participants 
for achieving market competitive 
business outcomes. Participants 
receive an award based on a 
predetermined formula, as 
approved by the Board from time 
to time based on market standards 
and trends.

The purpose of the CESP is to 
encourage general employee 
equity participation through tax 
concessional enabling legislation. 
Under the 2012 grant, 1,254 
employees each received an 
award of 13 shares under the plan. 
Executive KMP and other executives 
rewarded under the Cochlear 
Executive Long Term Incentive 
Plan or the Cochlear Executive 
Incentive Plan are not eligible for 
this program.

The purpose of the CELTIP is 
to encourage employees and 
executives of Cochlear to receive 
performance shares or performance 
options. Vesting of performance 
shares and performance options 
occurs only if Cochlear achieves 
challenging and market competitive 
EPS growth and relative TSR 
hurdles. Target allocations are made 
based on seniority, the ascribed LTI 
remuneration value and a value 
formula approved by shareholders 
in 2003. 

The purpose of the CEIP is to 
develop the principles established 
with the CELTIP but to create 
greater flexibility in award structure 
to cater for Cochlear’s expanding 
geography and to meet changing 
market standards and expectations. 
The offer terms for CEIP awards 
will be flexible but will meet 
contemporary LTI design standards. 
There have been no awards under 
the CEIP as at the date of this 
report. Also refer to section 4.4.2.

 
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5.2 employee share scheme grants to executive kMp

5.2.1 Analysis of share based payments granted as remuneration
Details of vesting profile of the options and performance shares granted as remuneration to each executive KMP are set out below:

Grant date

Options

Performance shares

Number 
granted

Number 
vested 

Number 
forfeited 

Market value of 
vested options ($)1

Number 
granted

Number 
vested 

Number 
forfeited 

Market value of 
vested shares ($)1

Chris Roberts

18-Aug-08

101,412

88,736

12,676

17-Aug-09

58,599

23,235

35,364

16-Aug-10

86,272

15-Aug-11

117,620

13-Aug-12

231,161

-

-

-

-

-

-

 1,413,564 

 38,802 

  - 

  - 

  - 

total

595,064

111,971

48,040

 1,452,366 

Richard Brook

18-Aug-08

30,285

26,499

17-Aug-09

19,663

7,796

16-Aug-10

17,674

15-Aug-11

23,495

13-Aug-12

41,448

-

-

-

3,786

11,867

-

-

-

Jan Janssen

total

132,565

34,295

15,653

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

15-Aug-11

24,819

14,358

17,559

11,128

13-Aug-12

26,491

21,717

5,693

3,102

8,665

-

-

-

-

-

-

total

94,355

27,410

11,767

Neville Mitchell

18-Aug-08

35,824

31,346

4,478

17-Aug-09

20,686

8,202

12,484

16-Aug-10

15-Aug-11

21,302

27,538

13-Aug-12

10,928

-

-

-

-

-

-

total

116,278

39,548

16,962

Mark Salmon

18-Aug-08

33,446

29,265

17-Aug-09

19,344

7,670

16-Aug-10

22,363

15-Aug-11

28,859

13-Aug-12

-

-

-

-

4,181

11,674

-

-

-

Chris Smith

18-Aug-08

29,714

26,000

3,714

total

104,012

36,935

15,855

17-Aug-09

22,379

8,873

13,506

16-Aug-10

-

15-Aug-11

20,823

13-Aug-12

45,063

-

-

-

-

-

-

 422,129 

 13,019 

  - 

  - 

  - 

435,148

 345,952 

 9,507 

  - 

  - 

  - 

355,459

 499,342 

 13,697 

  - 

  - 

  - 

513,039

 466,191 

 12,809 

  - 

  - 

  - 

479,000

 414,180 

 14,818 

  - 

  - 

  - 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,234

2,473

4,707

-

-

-

-

6,120

6,120

-

-

-

-

8,016

8,016

1,726

-

5,781

1,045

1,577

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

-

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

1,510

216

 99,418 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

total

117,979

34,873

17,220

428,998

10,129

1,510

216

99,418

1. 

 The intrinsic value of vested options calculated as at the closing market price of shares of the Company on the ASX on 30 June of the year the award vests less the applicable exercise price times the number of 
options (negative values are treated as zero in the totals) and/or vested performance shares as at the closing market price of shares of the Company on the ASX on 30 June of the year the award vests. No value  
will be reflected for unvested awards, or for vested options whose exercise price was above the market price (i.e. of no value to the individual).

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The options granted in F13 have an exercise price of $62.78 per share and an expiration date of 1 July 2017. The options granted during the 
year have a fair value (IFRS-2) of $8.56 per share at grant date for options with EPS performance based conditions and $5.70 per share 
at grant date for options with TSR based conditions. The performance shares granted during the financial year had a fair value (IFRS-2) 
at grant date of $62.78 per share for performance shares with EPS performance based conditions and $39.55 per share at grant date for 
performance shares with TSR based conditions.

5.2.2 Exercise of options and performance shares granted as remuneration
During F13, the following shares were acquired on the exercise of options previously granted as part of remuneration:

Chris Roberts1

Richard Brook1

Jan Janssen1

Neville Mitchell

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

Number of shares Amount paid to exercise 
each option ($)

Total gross transaction 
value - amount paid on 
exercise ($)

Net market value ($)2

- 

- 

- 

8,202

7,670

6,000

- 

- 

- 

60.04

60.04

49.91

- 

- 

- 

492,448

460,507

299,460

 -

- 

- 

44,737

41,835

122,910

1.  These executives have not exercised options or performance shares in F13.
2.  Represented by taxable value during the financial year.

There are no amounts unpaid on the shares issued as a result of the exercise of the options in prior years.

5.2.3 Analysis of movement in options and shares
The movement in number and value during the financial year of options over ordinary shares of Cochlear Limited acquired under the CELTIP 
plan held by executive KMP is detailed below:

Opening value

Granted in year

Exercised in year

Forfeited in year

Closing value

Number

Value ($)1

Number

Value ($)2

Number

Value ($)3

Number

Value ($)3

Number

Intrinsic 
value ($)4

Chris Roberts

313,750

2,367,201

231,161

1,026,355

Richard Brook

60,833

549,140

41,448

184,029

Jan Janssen

43,045

489,659

26,491

117,620

-

-

-

-

-

-

86,623

253,805

458,288

38,802 

11,867

34,770

90,414

13,019 

8,665

25,388

60,871

9,507 

Neville Mitchell

69,526

628,080

10,928

48,520

8,202

44,737

12,484

36,578

59,768

Mark Salmon

70,566

649,628

-

-

7,670

41,835

11,674

34,205

51,222

-

-

Chris Smith

49,203

674,897

45,063

200,080

6,000

122,910

13,506

39,573

74,760

14,818 

total

606,923

5,358,605

355,091

1,576,604

21,872

209,482

144,819

424,319

795,323

76,146

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The movement in number and value during the financial year of performance shares acquired under the CELTIP held by executive KMP is 
detailed below:

Opening value

Granted in year

Exercised in year

Forfeited in year

Closing value

Number

Value ($)1

Number

Value ($)2

Number

Value ($)3

Number

Value ($)3

Number

Chris Roberts

Richard Brook

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Jan Janssen

2,234

93,359

2,473

78,419

Neville Mitchell

Mark Salmon

-

-

-

-

6,120

194,065

8,016

254,187

Chris Smith

6,826

281,848

1,577

50,007

total

9,060

375,207

18,186

576,678

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Intrinsic 
value ($)4

-

-

-

-

4,707

290,469

6,120

377,665

8,016

494,667

8,403

518,549

27,246 1,681,350

1.    The fair value derived under IFRS-2 of remaining options and/or shares granted but not yet forfeited, lapsed or exercised during the financial year is the fair value of the options calculated at grant date using the Black-

Scholes model and derived applying the valuation methodology prescribed. The total value of the options and/or shares granted is included in the table above.

2.    The fair value derived under IFRS-2 of options and/or shares granted during the financial year is the fair value of the options and/or performance shares calculated at grant date using the Black-Scholes model and 

derived applying the valuation methodology prescribed. The total value of the options and/or shares granted is included in the table above. This amount is allocated to remuneration over the vesting period (ie in each  
of F13 to F15).

3.    The calculated value of options exercised and forfeited during the year is calculated as the market price of shares of the Company on the ASX as at close of trading on the date the options were exercised or date of 

forfeiture after deducting the price paid or payable to exercise the option.

4.    The intrinsic value of options calculated as at the closing market price of shares of the Company on the ASX on 28 June 2013 less the applicable exercise price times the number of options (negative values are treated  

as zero in the totals) and/or performance shares as at the closing market price of shares of the Company on the ASX on 28 June 2013.

5.3 potential dilution if options vest and ordinary shares issued (unaudited)
At the date of this report, the number of ordinary shares that would be issued if all options were vested, having met the service and 
performance conditions, and exercised and assuming ordinary shares were issued, is as follows:

Grant date

Number of options

Exercise price per 
share ($)

Exercise period

Current net value as 
at 30-Jun-13 ($)2

18-Aug-08

17-Aug-09

16-Aug-10

15-Aug-11

13-Aug-12

total

Issued

Exercised

Lapsed1

At report 
date

712,331

609,100

103,231

 - 

49.91

Aug-11 to 1-Jul-13

 - 

435,606

70,995

278,937

85,674

60.04

Aug-12 to 1-Jul-14

143,076 

443,498 

542,948

759,828

- 

- 

- 

43,629 

399,869 

69.80

Aug-13 to 1-Jul-15

25,883

517,065 

68.56

Aug-14 to 1-Jul-16

24,436 

735,392 

62.78

Aug-15 to 1-Jul-17

2,894,211

680,095

476,116

1,738,000

 - 

- 

 - 

143,076

1.  Lapsed options from unvested grants (granted in 2010, 2011 and 2012) relate to plan members who have departed Cochlear.
2.  Price as at 28 June 2013 was $61.71 (30 June 2013 was a weekend day). The exercise price for options granted in 2010, 2011 and 2012 was below the market price as at 28 June 2013.

 
 
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5.4 kMp equity interests (unaudited)
In accordance with the Corporations Act (section 205G(1)), Cochlear is required to notify the interests (shares and rights to shares)  
of directors to the ASX.

In the interests of transparency and completeness of disclosure this information is provided for each NED (as required under the 
Corporations Act) and all executive KMP as well.

Please refer to sections 4.5.2 (Hedging and margin lending prohibition) and 4.5.5 (Minimum shareholding guidelines).

The table below indicates Cochlear Limited shareholding including any vested but unexercised options and performance shares:

neds

Rick Holliday-Smith

Yasmin Allen

Paul Bell 

Edward Byrne

Andrew Denver

Donal O’Dwyer

total neds

executives

executive director

Chris Roberts

other executives 

Richard Brook

Jan Janssen

Neville Mitchell

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

total executives

Cochlear Limited  
ordinary shares

9,250

2,950

3,000

3,250

4,000

5,000

27,450

Total intrinsic value of 
Cochlear Limited securities  
as at year end ($)3

570,818

182,045

185,130

200,558

246,840

308,550

1,693,941

Cochlear Limited 
ordinary shares

Vested options over  
Cochlear Limited  
ordinary shares1

Vested performance  
shares over Cochlear  
Limited ordinary shares2

Total intrinsic value of 
Cochlear Limited securities  
as at year end ($)3

719,803

7,700

13,328

10,000

9,740

10,000

770,571

23,235

7,796

5,693

 - 

 - 

8,873

45,597

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

44,457,846

488,186

831,978

617,100

601,055

631,918

47,628,083

1.   The number of vested but unexercised options.
2.   The number of vested but unexercised performance shares.
3.    The intrinsic value of Cochlear Limited ordinary shares and vested performance shares as at the closing Cochlear Limited share price on the ASX on 28 June 2013, plus the intrinsic value of vested options calculated as 
at the closing Cochlear Limited share price on the ASX on 28 June 2013 less the applicable exercise price times the number of options (negative values are treated as zero in the totals). Please note the share ownership 
guideline applies an average share price to NEDs’ and executive KMP’s holdings not intrinsic value at year end.

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The table below illustrates any unvested options and performance shares issued to executive KMP but still subject to performance hurdles:

Unvested options over Cochlear 
Limited ordinary shares1

Unvested performance shares over 
Cochlear Limited ordinary shares2

Total intrinsic value of unvested 
options and performance shares  
as at year end ($)3

executive director

Chris Roberts

other executives 

Richard Brook

Jan Janssen

Neville Mitchell

Mark Salmon

Chris Smith

total executives

435,053

82,618

55,178

59,768

51,222

65,887

749,726

 - 

 - 

4,707

6,120

8,016

8,403

27,246

 - 

 - 

290,469

377,665

494,667

518,549

1,681,350

1.   The number of unvested options.
2.   The number of unvested performance shares.
3.    The intrinsic value of unvested performance shares as at the closing Cochlear Limited share price on the ASX on 28 June 2013 and the intrinsic value of unvested options calculated as at the closing Cochlear Limited 

share price on the ASX on 28 June 2013 less the applicable exercise price times the number of options (negative values are treated as zero in the totals). 

6.0 service contracts and employment agreements (audited)

6.1 service contracts
Cochlear does not enter into service contracts for executive KMP, other than the CEO/President.

The following sets out details of the service contract terms for the current CEO/President, Dr Roberts: 

Length of contract

Dr Roberts is on a permanent contract, which is an ongoing employment contract until notice is given by  
either party.

Notice periods

In order to terminate the employment arrangements, Dr Roberts is required to provide Cochlear with six months’ 
written notice. Cochlear must provide Dr Roberts with 12 months’ written notice.

Termination on notice  
by Cochlear

Death or total and  
permanent disability

Cochlear may terminate employment by providing six months’ written notice or payment in lieu of the notice 
period based on total fixed remuneration (TFR). On termination on notice by Cochlear, unless the Board determines 
otherwise Dr Roberts shall receive:
•  payment equivalent to 12 months’ TFR; 
•  pro-rated STI benefits for the months of service in the financial year to which the plan relates; and
•  if determined by the Board, in its sole discretion, the entitlements (if any) to LTI benefits.

If Cochlear terminates employment for reasons of death or total and permanent disability, a severance payment 
will be made that is equal to 12 months’ fixed remuneration.
All STI and LTI benefits are either:
•  released in full or on a pro-rata basis; or
•    remain subject to clawback and are released at the original vesting date at the discretion of the Board with 

regard to the circumstances.

On death or total and permanent disability, the Board has discretion to allow unvested STI and LTI benefits to vest.

Statutory entitlements

Payment of statutory entitlements of long service leave and annual leave applies in all events of separation.

Post-employment restraints

For a period of 12 months after termination date without the consent of Cochlear for engagement in business 
competition or to induce Cochlear NEDs or staff to terminate their employment.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

6.2 employment agreements
Other executive KMP operate under employment agreements.

The following sets out details of the employment agreements relating to other executive KMP. The terms for all other executive KMP are 
similar but do, on occasion, vary to suit different needs.

Length of contract

All other executive KMP are on permanent contracts, which is an ongoing employment contract until notice  
is given by either party.

Notice periods

Resignation

In order to terminate the employment arrangements, other executive KMP are required to provide Cochlear with 
between 60 days’ and six months’ written notice. 

On resignation, unless the Board determines otherwise: 
•  all unvested STI or LTI benefits are forfeited.

Termination on notice  
by Cochlear

Cochlear may terminate employment by providing between 60 days’ and 12 months’ written notice or  
payment in lieu of the notice period based on TFR. On termination on notice by Cochlear, unless the Board 
determines otherwise:
•  unvested STI or LTI benefits may be exercised or paid within 30 days of notice being given.

Redundancy

If Cochlear terminates employment for reasons of redundancy, under Cochlear policy a severance payment will 
be made of up to 12 months’ TFR.
All STI and LTI benefits are either:
•  released in full or on a pro-rata basis; or
•   remain subject to performance criteria and vesting date 
at the discretion of the Board with regard to the circumstances.

Death or total and  
permanent disability

On death or total and permanent disability, the Board has discretion to allow all unvested STI and LTI  
benefits to vest.

Termination for  
serious misconduct

Cochlear may immediately terminate employment at any time in the case of serious misconduct, and other 
executive KMP will only be entitled to payment of TFR up to the date of termination.
On termination without notice by Cochlear in the event of serious misconduct:
•  all unvested STI or LTI benefits will be forfeited; and
•   any ESS instruments provided to the employee on vesting of STI or LTI awards that are held in trust,  

will be forfeited.

Statutory entitlements

Payment of statutory entitlements of long service leave and annual leave applies in all events of separation.

Other arrangements

Richard Brook - President, European Region will receive:
•  a maximum of Swiss francs (CHF) 30,000 for repatriation costs in the case of termination or resignation; and
•  redundancy benefits - refer to relevant Swiss legislation. 

Post-employment restraints

All other executive KMP are subject to post-employment restraints for up to 12 months.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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Indemnification of officers 
Under the terms of Article 35 of the Company’s Constitution, and to the extent permitted by law, the Company has indemnified the 
directors of the Company named in this Directors’ Report, the Company Secretary, Mr NJ Mitchell, and other persons concerned in or 
taking part in the management of the Consolidated Entity. The indemnity applies when persons are acting in their capacity as officers of the 
Company in respect of:

•  liability to third parties (other than the Company or related bodies corporate), if the relevant officer has acted in good faith; and

•  costs and expenses of successfully defending legal proceedings in which relief under the Corporations Act 2001 is granted to the  

relevant officer.

Insurance premiums
During the financial year, the Company paid a premium for a Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance policy and a Supplementary Legal 
Expenses Insurance policy. The insurance provides cover for the directors named in this Directors’ Report, the Company Secretary, and 
officers and former directors and officers of the Company. The insurance also provides cover for present and former directors and officers of 
other companies in the Consolidated Entity. The directors have not included in this report details of the nature of the liabilities covered and 
the amount of the premium paid in respect of the Directors’ and Officers’ Liability and Supplementary Legal Expenses Insurance policies, as 
such disclosure is prohibited under the terms of the contract.

Events subsequent to the reporting date
Other than the matters noted below, there has not arisen in the interval between the end of the financial year and the date of this Directors’ 
Report, any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the directors of the Company, to affect 
significantly the operations of Cochlear, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of Cochlear in future financial years:

dividends
For dividends declared after 30 June 2013, see Note 9 to the financial statements.

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Directors’ Report  Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013

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Lead auditor’s independence declaration
The lead auditor’s independence declaration is set out on page 58 and forms part of the Directors’ Report for the financial year ended  
30 June 2013.

Rounding off
The Company is of a kind referred to in Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) Class Order 98/100 dated 10 July 1998 
and in accordance with that Class Order, amounts in the Directors’ Report and Financial Report have been rounded off to the nearest one 
thousand dollars, unless otherwise indicated.

Dated at Sydney this 19 day of August 2013.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors:

Director 

Director

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Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration  

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lead auditor’s independence declaration under section 307c of the corporations act 2001
To: the directors of Cochlear Limited 

I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, in relation to the audit for the year ended 30 June 2013 there have been:

(i) 

no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements as set out in the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and

(ii)  no contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit.

KPMG 

Sydney, 19 August 2013

Bruce Phillips, Partner

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Income Statement  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Revenue 

Cost of sales

Cost of sales – product recall

Gross profit

Selling and general expenses

Administration expenses

Research and development expenses

Other income

Other expenses

Results from operating activities

Finance income

Finance expense

net finance expense

profit before income tax

Income tax expense

net profit

Basic earnings per share (cents)

Diluted earnings per share (cents)

The notes on pages 64 to 113 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

2013

$000

2012

$000

752,721

778,996

(208,072)

(203,260)

-

(138,835)

544,649

436,901

(202,781)

(197,091)

(38,157)

(45,429)

(124,715)

(119,322)

2,379

(2,515)

178,860

659

(6,882)

(6,223)

172,637

(40,074)

132,563

233.0

232.4

1,745

(349)

76,455

1,852

(6,150)

(4,298)

72,157

(15,354)

56,803

100.0

99.8

Note

5(a)

5(b)

29

5(c)

5(d)

6

6

8

11

11

 
 
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Statement of Comprehensive Income  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

net profit

other comprehensive income/(loss)

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement:

Foreign currency translation differences

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges transferred to the income statement, net of tax

Total items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement

total other comprehensive loss

total comprehensive income

The notes on pages 64 to 113 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Note

6

6

2013

$000

2012

$000

132,563

56,803

29,179

(18,304)

(21,206)

(26,384)

(18,411)

26,639

(52,108)

(43,773)

(18,411)

(43,773)

114,152

13,030

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Balance Sheet  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities as at 30 June 2013

assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables 

Inventories 

Current tax assets

Prepayments 

total current assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Property, plant and equipment 

Intangible assets 

Deferred tax assets 

total non-current assets 

total assets 

liabilities

Trade and other payables 

Loans and borrowings 

Current tax liabilities 

Provisions 

Deferred revenue

total current liabilities 

Trade and other payables

Loans and borrowings 

Provisions 

total non-current liabilities 

total liabilities 

net assets 

equity

Share capital 

Reserves 

Retained earnings 

total equity 

The notes on pages 64 to 113 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

23(a)

52,689

68,486

12

13

16

12

14

15

16

17

18

16

20

17

18

20

203,748

189,085

131,574

101,298

6,207

11,004

5,763

9,249

405,222

373,881

944

65,898

235,774

56,663

11,840

59,611

206,715

50,495

359,279

328,661

764,501

702,542

96,789

100,218

3,309

6,002

63,224

22,506

45,744

19,526

78,366

18,089

191,830

261,943

13,242

167,160

35,356

215,758

735

19,928

35,056

55,719

407,588

317,662

356,913

384,880

118,788

121,136

(32,433)

(16,762)

270,558

280,506

356,913

384,880

 
 
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Statement of Changes in Equity  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Amounts $000

2012

Issued 
capital

Treasury 
reserve

Translation 
reserve

Hedging 
reserve

Share based 
payment 
reserve

Retained 
earnings

Total equity

Balance at 1 July 2011

123,226

(3,489)

(65,849)

56,379

32,827

360,189

503,283

125,865

(4,729)

(84,153)

30,910

36,481

280,506

384,880

Balance at 1 July 2012

125,865

(4,729)

(84,153)

30,910

36,481

280,506

384,880

total comprehensive income

Net profit

other comprehensive (loss)/income

Foreign currency translation differences

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash 
flow hedges, net of tax

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges 
reclassified to the income statement, net of tax

total other comprehensive loss

total comprehensive (loss)/income

transactions with owners, recorded directly 
in equity

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(18,304)

-

-

-

-

26,639

(52,108)

(18,304)

(25,469)

(18,304)

(25,469)

Shares issued, net

2,639

(1,240)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Share based payment transactions

Dividends to shareholders

balance at 30 June 2012

2013

total comprehensive income

Net profit

other comprehensive income/(loss)

Foreign currency translation differences

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash 
flow hedges, net of tax

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges 
reclassified to the income statement, net of tax

total other comprehensive income/(loss)

total comprehensive income/(loss)

transactions with owners, recorded directly 
in equity

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

29,179

-

-

-

-

(21,206)

(26,384)

29,179

(47,590)

29,179

(47,590)

Shares repurchased, net

2,331

(4,679)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Share based payment transactions

Dividends to shareholders

balance at 30 June 2013

The notes on pages 64 to 113 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,654

56,803

56,803

-

-

-

-

(18,304)

26,639

(52,108)

(43,773)

56,803

13,030

-

-

1,399

3,654

-

(136,486)

(136,486)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,740

132,563

132,563

-

-

-

-

29,179

(21,206)

(26,384)

(18,411)

132,563

114,152

-

-

(2,348)

2,740

-

(142,511)

(142,511)

128,196

(9,408)

(54,974)

(16,680)

39,221

270,558

356,913

63P

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Statement of Cash Flows  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

cash flows from operating activities

Cash receipts from customers

Cash paid to suppliers and employees

Grant and other income received

Interest received

Interest paid

Income taxes paid

net cash provided by operating activities

cash flows from investing activities

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment

Acquisition of enterprise resource planning system

Acquisition of other intangible assets

net cash used in investing activities

cash flows from financing activities

Repayments of borrowings 

Proceeds from borrowings 

Shares (repurchased)/issued, net

Dividends paid 

net cash used in financing activities

net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, net of overdrafts at 1 July

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held

cash and cash equivalents, net of overdrafts at 30 June

23(a)

The notes on pages 64 to 113 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

669,311

724,842

(555,798)

(512,963)

2,379

617

(6,967)

(39,815)

1,745

1,746

(5,972)

(41,118)

23(b)

69,727

168,280

(21,074)

(14,477)

(14,868)

(20,843)

(9,972)

(6,629)

(50,419)

(37,444)

(89,000)

(141,000)

195,000

143,000

(2,348)

1,399

 9

(142,511)

(136,486)

(38,859)

(133,087)

(19,551)

68,486

3,754

52,689

(2,251)

72,423

(1,686)

68,486

 
 
64P

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

1. Reporting entity
Cochlear Limited (the Company) is a company domiciled in Australia. The consolidated financial statements of the Company as at and 
for the year ended 30 June 2013 comprise the Company and its controlled entities (together referred to as Cochlear or the Consolidated 
Entity). Cochlear is a for-profit entity and operates in the implantable hearing device industry.

2. Basis of preparation

(a) statement of compliance
The Financial Report is a general purpose financial report which has been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards 
(AASBs) adopted by the Australian Accounting Standards Board and the Corporations Act 2001. The consolidated financial statements comply 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Interpretations adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board. 

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of directors on 19 August 2013.

(b) basis of measurement
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for derivative financial instruments which are 
measured at fair value. The method used to measure the fair value of derivative instruments is discussed further in Note 3(e). 

(c) functional and presentation currency
These consolidated financial statements are presented in Australian dollars, which is the Company’s functional currency. 

The Company is of a kind referred to in ASIC Class Order 98/100 dated 10 July 1998 and in accordance with that Class Order, all financial 
information presented in Australian dollars has been rounded to the nearest one thousand dollars unless otherwise stated.

(d) use of judgements and estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions 
that affect the application of accounting policies and then reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may 
differ from these estimates. 

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the financial 
year in which the estimate is revised and in any future years affected.

Management discussed with the Audit Committee the development, selection and disclosure of Cochlear’s critical accounting policies and 
estimates and the application of these policies and estimates.

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment within the 
next financial year is included in the following notes:

Note 15 – Intangible assets

Note 20 – Provisions

Note 21 – Contingent liabilities

Note 26 – Employee benefits

Note 27 – Financial instruments

Note 29 – Product recall.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

3. Significant accounting policies
The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all years presented in these consolidated financial statements and 
have been applied consistently by all entities in Cochlear.

(a) basis of consolidation
Controlled entities
Controlled entities are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly, to 
govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, potential voting 
rights that presently are exercisable or convertible are taken into account. The financial statements of controlled entities are included in 
the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. The accounting policies of 
controlled entities have been changed when necessary to align them with the policies adopted by the Consolidated Entity.

Acquisitions of a minority interest in a controlled entity are treated as a transaction with owners. Consequently, the difference between the 
purchase consideration and the carrying amount of Cochlear’s interest in the net assets of the controlled entity is treated as goodwill.

Transactions eliminated on consolidation
Intra-group balances and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated in 
preparing the consolidated financial statements.

Special purpose entities
Cochlear has established special purpose entities (SPEs) for trading and investment purposes. A SPE is consolidated if, based upon an evaluation 
of the substance of its relationship with Cochlear and the SPE’s risks and rewards, Cochlear concludes that it controls the SPE. SPEs controlled 
by Cochlear were established under terms that impose strict limitations on decision-making powers of the SPE’s management.

(b) Income recognition
Revenues are recognised at fair value of the consideration received net of the amount of goods and services tax (GST).

Sales revenue
Sales revenue comprises revenue earned (net of returns, discounts and allowances) from the provision of products or services. Revenue from 
the sale of goods is recognised in the income statement when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the 
buyer. No revenue is recognised if there are significant uncertainties regarding recovery of the consideration due or if there is a risk of return 
of goods or there is continuing management involvement with the goods. Revenue from the sale of services is recognised when the service 
has been provided to the customer and where there are no continuing unfulfilled service obligations.

The accounting policy for foreign exchange gains/losses arising from hedges of forecast sales transactions is set out in accounting policy (e). 

Other income
Other income, including government grants, is recognised on a systematic basis over the years necessary to match it with the related costs 
for which it is intended to compensate or, if the costs have already been incurred, in the year in which it becomes receivable. The income is 
deemed to be receivable when the entitlement is confirmed. Dividend income from subsidiaries is recognised by the parent entity when the 
dividends are declared by the subsidiary.

(c) Goods and services tax
Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of GST, except where the amount of GST incurred is not recoverable from 
the taxation authority. In these circumstances, the GST is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense.

Receivables and payables are stated with the amount of GST included. The net amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the relevant 
taxation authority is included as a current asset or liability in the balance sheet.

Cash flows are included in the statement of cash flows on a gross basis. The GST components of cash flows arising from investing and 
financing activities which are recoverable from, or payable to, the relevant taxation authority are classified as operating cash flows.

(d) foreign currency
Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of controlled entities at the foreign exchange rate 
ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are translated 
to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign 
currencies that are stated at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value are translated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange 
rates ruling at the date the fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the income statement.

66P

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Financial statements of foreign operations
The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition, generally are translated 
to the functional currency at foreign exchange rates ruling at the reporting date. 

The revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated to the functional currency at rates approximating the foreign exchange rates 
ruling at the dates of transactions.

Foreign currency differences arising from translation of controlled entities with a different functional currency to that of the Company are 
recognised in the foreign currency translation reserve (translation reserve). When a foreign operation is disposed of, in part or in full, the 
relevant amount of its translation reserve is transferred to the income statement and reported as part of the gain or loss on disposal. 

Foreign exchange gains and losses arising from a monetary item receivable from or payable to a foreign operation, the settlement of 
which is neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future, are considered to form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are 
recognised in other comprehensive income, and presented in the translation reserve in equity.

(e) financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments
Cochlear holds derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk arising from operating, 
investing and financing activities. In accordance with its treasury policy, Cochlear does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for 
trading purposes. However, derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are accounted for as trading instruments.

On initial designation of the hedge, Cochlear formally documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and hedged item, 
including the risk management objectives and strategy in undertaking the hedge transaction, together with the methods that will be used 
to assess the effectiveness of the hedging relationship. Cochlear makes an assessment, both at inception of the hedge relationship as well 
as on an ongoing basis, whether the hedging instruments are expected to be highly effective in offsetting the changes in the fair value or 
cash flows of the respective hedged items during the year for which the hedge is designated, and whether the actual results of each hedge 
are within a range of 80% to 125%. For a cash flow hedge of a forecast transaction, the transaction should be highly probable to occur and 
should present an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately occur. 

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value. Attributable transaction costs are recognised in the income statement 
when incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value 
accounted for as described below.

Non-derivative financial assets
Cochlear initially recognises loans and receivables and deposits on the date that they are originated. All other financial assets (including 
assets designated at fair value through profit or loss) are recognised initially on the trade date at which Cochlear becomes a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Cochlear derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to 
receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the 
financial asset are transferred. Any interest in transferred financial assets that is created or retained by Cochlear is recognised as a separate 
asset or liability. 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, Cochlear has a legal right 
to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Cochlear has the following non-derivative financial assets: financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and loans and receivables.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
A financial asset is classified as at fair value through profit or loss if it is classified as held for trading or is designated as such upon 
initial recognition. Financial assets are designated at fair value through profit or loss if Cochlear manages such investments and makes 
purchase and sale decisions based on their fair value in accordance with Cochlear’s documented risk management or investment strategy. 
Attributable transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss when incurred. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are measured 
at fair value, and changes therein are recognised in profit or loss.

Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Such assets are 
recognised initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, loans and receivables are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less any impairment losses. 

Loans and receivables comprise cash and cash equivalents, and trade and other receivables.

Non-derivative financial liabilities
Cochlear initially recognises debt securities issued and subordinated liabilities on the date that they are originated. All other financial 
liabilities (including liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss) are recognised initially on the trade date at which Cochlear 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

67P

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Cochlear derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled or expire.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, Cochlear has a legal right 
to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

Cochlear classified non-derivative financial liabilities into the other financial liabilities category. Such financial liabilities are recognised 
initially at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, these financial liabilities are measured 
at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Other financial liabilities comprise bank overdrafts, other loans and borrowings and trade and other payables.

Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of Cochlear’s cash management are included as a component of 
cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows.

Accounting for finance income and expense is discussed in accounting policy (q).

Determination of fair values
The fair value of forward exchange contracts is based upon the listed market price, if available. If a listed market price is not available, the 
fair value is estimated by discounting the difference between the contractual forward price and the current forward price for the residual 
maturity of the contract using a risk free interest rate based upon government bonds.

The fair value of interest rate swaps is based upon broker quotes which are then tested for reasonableness by discounting future estimated 
cash flows based upon the terms and maturity of each contract and using market interest rates for similar instruments.

Other 
Other non-derivative financial instruments are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less any impairment losses.

Cash flow hedges
Changes in the fair value of a derivative financial instrument designated as a cash flow hedge are recognised directly in equity to the extent 
that the hedge is effective. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, changes in fair value are recognised in the income statement.

If the derivative financial instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then 
hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in equity remains there until the forecast 
transaction occurs or when cash flows arising from the transaction are received.

When the forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the associated 
cumulative gain or loss is removed from equity and transferred to the carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability. If a hedge of a 
forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a financial asset or a financial liability, then the associated gains and losses 
that were previously recognised directly in equity are reclassified into the income statement in the same year or years during which the 
asset acquired or liability assumed affects the income statement.

For cash flow hedges, other than those covered by the preceding statement, the associated cumulative gain or loss is removed from 
equity and recognised in the income statement in the same year or years during which the hedged forecast transaction affects the income 
statement and on the same line item as that hedged forecast transaction. The ineffective part of any gain or loss is recognised immediately 
in the income statement.

Hedges of net investment in foreign operations
Foreign currency differences arising on the retranslation of a financial liability designated as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign 
operation are recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent that the hedge is effective, and are presented within equity in the 
translation reserve. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, such differences are recognised in the income statement. When the hedged 
part of a net investment is disposed of, the relevant amount in the translation reserve is transferred to the income statement as part of the 
profit or loss on disposal.

(f) cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. Bank overdrafts 
that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of Cochlear’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash 
equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows.

(g) provisions
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when Cochlear has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event that 
can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are 
determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money and the risk specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount rate is recognised as a finance expense.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Warranties
Provisions for warranty claims are made for claims in relation to sales made prior to the reporting date, based on historical claim rates and 
respective product populations. Warranty periods on hardware products extend for three to 10 years. 

Onerous contracts
A provision for onerous contracts is recognised when expected benefits to be derived by Cochlear from a contract are lower than the 
unavoidable cost of meeting contractual obligations. The provision is measured at the lower of the expected cost of terminating the 
contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is established, Cochlear recognises any impairment 
loss on the assets associated with the contract.

Self-insurance
Cochlear self-insures to manage certain risks associated with operating in its line of business. Claims are recognised when an incident occurs 
that may give rise to a claim and are measured at the cost that Cochlear expects to incur in settling the claims, discounted using a rate that 
reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

Make good lease costs
Cochlear has a number of operating leases over its offices that require the premises to be returned to the lessor in its original condition. The 
operating lease payments do not include an element for the repairs/overhauls.

A provision for make good lease costs is recognised at the time it is determined that it is probable that such costs will be incurred in a future 
year, measured at the expected cost of returning the asset to the lessor in its original condition. An offsetting asset of the same value is also 
recognised and is classified in property, plant and equipment. This asset is amortised to the income statement over the life of the lease.

(h) Intangible assets
Goodwill
All business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. Goodwill represents the difference between the cost of the 
acquisition and the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired.

Goodwill is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units (CGUs) and is tested annually 
for impairment (see accounting policy (i)). Negative goodwill arising on an acquisition is recognised directly in the income statement.

Enterprise resource planning system
The expenditure incurred on hardware and software and the costs necessary for the implementation of the system are recognised as an 
intangible asset, to the extent that Cochlear controls future economic benefits as a result of the costs incurred, and are stated at cost less 
accumulated amortisation. Costs include expenditure that is directly attributable to the development and implementation of the system 
and includes direct labour.

Research and development expenditure
Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding, is 
recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred.

Development activities involve a plan or design for production of new or substantially improved products or processes before the start of 
commercial production or use. Development expenditure is capitalised only if development costs can be measured reliably, the product or 
process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and Cochlear intends to and has sufficient resources 
to complete development and use or sell the asset. 

The expenditure capitalised includes the cost of materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of overheads. Other development 
expenditure is recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred. Capitalised development expenditure is stated at cost less 
accumulated amortisation (see below) and impairment losses (see accounting policy (i)).

Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets, comprising acquired technology, patents and licences, customer relationships and intellectual property, are 
acquired individually or through business combinations and are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation (see below) and impairment 
losses (see accounting policy (i)). Expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands is recognised in the income statement as an 
expense as incurred.

Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure on capitalised intangible assets is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the 
specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is expensed as incurred.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Amortisation
Amortisation is calculated over the cost of the asset, or an other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value.

Amortisation is recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets from the 
date they are available for use unless such lives are indefinite. Goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are systematically 
tested for impairment annually. The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative years are as follows:

Acquired technology, patents and licences 

4 – 15 years

Enterprise resource planning system 

2.5 – 7 years

Customer relationships 

4 years

Capitalised development expenditure 

1 – 3 years.

(i) Impairment
Non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of Cochlear’s non-financial assets, other than inventories (see accounting policy (k)), employee benefit assets (see 
accounting policy (l)), and deferred tax assets (see accounting policy (n)), are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is 
any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated (see below).

For goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives, and intangible assets that are not yet available for use, the recoverable 
amount is estimated at each balance sheet date.

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use, and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the 
estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of 
the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into 
the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that is largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets 
or groups of assets (CGU). The goodwill acquired in a business combination, for the purpose of impairment testing, is allocated to CGUs 
that are expected to benefit from the processes, intellectual property acquired and synergies of the combination.

An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses 
are recognised in the income statement unless the asset has previously been revalued, in which case the impairment loss is recognised as a 
reversal to the extent of that previous revaluation, with any excess recognised through the income statement.

Impairment losses recognised in respect of CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU or 
a group of units and then, to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit or a group of units on a pro-rata basis.

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognised in prior years are 
assessed at each reporting date for indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has 
been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the 
asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no 
impairment loss had been recognised.

Financial assets
Cochlear’s financial assets (cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, and investments in controlled entities) are assessed at 
each reporting date to determine whether there is any objective evidence of impairment. A financial asset is considered impaired if objective 
evidence indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset.

The recoverable amount of financial assets is calculated as the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original 
effective interest rate (i.e. the effective interest rate computed at initial recognition of these financial assets). Financial assets with a short 
duration are not discounted. An impairment loss of a financial asset is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and 
its recoverable amount. 

Impairment of financial assets is not recognised until objective evidence is available that a loss event has occurred. Individual significant 
financial assets are individually assessed for impairment. Impairment testing of financial assets not assessed individually is performed by 
placing them into portfolios of similar risk profiles and undertaking a collective assessment of impairment based on objective evidence from 
historical experience adjusted for any effects of conditions existing at the balance date.

All impairment losses are recognised in the income statement. An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively 
to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognised. The reversal of impairment losses on financial assets is recognised in the 
income statement.

In assessing collective impairment, Cochlear uses historical trends of the probability of default, timing of recoveries and the amount of loss 
incurred, adjusted for management’s judgement as to whether current economic and credit conditions are such that the actual losses are 
likely to be greater or less than suggested by historical trends.

 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

(j) property, plant and equipment
Owned assets
Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation (see below) and impairment losses (see 
accounting policy (i)). An asset’s cost is determined as the consideration provided plus incidental costs directly attributable to the acquisition.

The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of material and direct labour, an appropriate share of fixed and variable overheads, and 
capitalised interest and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended use.

Subsequent costs in relation to replacing a part of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it is 
probable that future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to Cochlear and its cost can be measured reliably. All other costs 
are recognised in the income statement as incurred.

In respect of borrowing costs relating to qualifying assets, Cochlear capitalises borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, 
construction or production of a qualifying asset as part of the cost of that asset. 

Leased assets

Operating leases
Payments made under operating leases are expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, except where an alternative basis is 
more representative of the pattern of benefits to be derived from the leased property. Minimum lease payments include fixed rate increases.

Depreciation 

Depreciation is calculated over the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its 
residual value.

Depreciation is recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis. Items of property, plant and equipment, including leasehold 
assets, are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, taking into account estimated residual values. 
Assets are depreciated from the date of acquisition or, in respect of internally constructed assets, from the time an asset is completed and 
held ready for use. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that 
Cochlear will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. 

Depreciation rates and methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date. When changes are made, 
adjustments are reflected prospectively in current and future financial years only. The estimated useful lives in the current and comparative 
years are as follows:

Leasehold improvements 

Plant and equipment 

2 – 15 years

3 – 14 years.

(k) Inventories
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary 
course of business less estimated costs of completion and selling, marketing and distribution expenses.

Cost is based on the first-in-first-out principle and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and bringing them to their 
existing condition and location. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of both 
variable and fixed overhead costs. Fixed overhead costs are allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.

(l) employee benefits
Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and 
will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. 

Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset. Contributions to a defined contribution plan that are due more than 12 months after the 
end of the year in which the employees render the service are discounted to their present value.

Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement as incurred.

Defined benefit plans
A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan.

A liability or asset in respect of defined benefit plans is recognised in the balance sheet, and is measured as the present value of the defined 
benefit obligation at the reporting date adjusted for unrecognised actuarial gains or losses less the fair value of the plan’s assets at that date 
and any unrecognised past service cost. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is based on expected future payments which 
arise from membership of the plan to the reporting date, calculated by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

When the calculation results in plan assets exceeding liabilities to Cochlear, the recognised asset is limited to the net total of any 
unrecognised actuarial losses and past service costs and the present value of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future 
contributions to the plan.

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Past service cost is the increase in the present value of the defined benefit obligation for employee services in prior years, resulting in the 
current year from the introduction of, or changes to, post-employment benefits or other long-term employee benefits. Past service costs 
may either be positive (where benefits are introduced or improved) or negative (where existing benefits are reduced).

Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on national government bonds with terms to maturity 
and currency that match the estimated future cash flows.

When the benefits of a plan are improved, the portion of the increased benefit relating to past service by employees is recognised as an 
expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. To the extent that the 
benefits vest immediately, the expense is recognised immediately in the income statement.

Wages, salaries and annual leave
Liabilities for employee benefits for wages, salaries and annual leave expected to settle within 12 months of the year end represent 
present obligations resulting from employees’ services provided up to the reporting date, calculated at undiscounted amounts based on 
remuneration wage and salary rates that Cochlear expects to pay as at the reporting date including related on-costs, such as workers’ 
compensation insurance and payroll tax.

Long service leave
The provision for employee benefits for long service leave represents the present value of the estimated future cash outflows to be made by 
the employer resulting from employees’ services provided up to the reporting date.

The provision is calculated using expected future increases in remuneration rates, including related on-costs, and expected settlement dates 
based on turnover history, and is discounted using the rates attaching to national government securities at the reporting date, which most 
closely match the terms to maturity of the related liabilities. The unwinding of the discount is treated as a long service leave expense.

Share based payments
The Company has granted options and performance shares to certain employees under the Cochlear Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (CELTIP).

The fair value of options and performance shares granted is recognised as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase 
in equity. The fair value is measured at the date the options or shares are granted taking into account market based criteria and expensed 
over the vesting period after which the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options and shares. The fair value of the options 
granted is measured using the Black-Scholes method, taking into account the terms and conditions attached to the options. 

The fair value of the performance shares granted is measured using the weighted average share price of ordinary shares in the Company, 
taking into account the terms and conditions attached to the shares. 

The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of options and shares that vest except where forfeiture is due 
to market related conditions.

When the Company grants options over its shares to employees of controlled entities, the fair value at grant date is recognised as an 
increase in the investment in subsidiaries, with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period of the grant.

Treasury shares
The Company operates the Cochlear Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (Performance Shares) Trust (Trust). The main purpose of the Trust is 
to hold unvested performance shares as part of the CELTIP. Under IFRS, the Trust qualifies as an equity compensation plan special purpose 
entity and its results are included in those for the Company and the Consolidated Entity.

Any shares held by the Trust are accounted for as treasury shares and treated as a reduction in the share capital of the Company and the 
Consolidated Entity. 

(m) Receivables
Trade and other receivables are stated at amortised cost less impairment losses (see accounting policy (i)).

(n) taxation
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax are recognised in the income statement except to the 
extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively 
enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. Current tax payable also includes any tax 
liability arising from the declaration of dividends.

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting 
purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognised for:

•  temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects 

neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

•  temporary differences related to investments in controlled entities to the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the 

foreseeable future; and

•  taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill. 

The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow the manner in which the Consolidated Entity expects, at 
the end of the financial year, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws 
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to 
income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax 
liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realised simultaneously.

A deferred tax asset is recognised for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable 
that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and 
are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised.

Additional income tax expenses that arise from the distribution of cash dividends are recognised at the same time that the liability to pay 
the related dividend is recognised. Cochlear does not distribute non-cash assets as dividends to its shareholders.

The Company and its wholly-owned Australian resident entities are part of a tax-consolidated group. As a consequence, all members of the 
tax-consolidated group are taxed as a single entity. The head entity within the tax-consolidated group is Cochlear Limited.

(o) payables
Trade and other payables are stated at amortised cost.

(p) loans and borrowings
Loans and borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, loans and 
borrowings are stated at amortised cost, with any difference between amortised cost and redemption value being recognised in the income 
statement over the period of the borrowings on an effective interest rate basis.

(q) finance income and expense
Interest income is recognised as it accrues in the income statement using the effective interest rate method. Borrowing costs are recognised 
as they accrue in the income statement as a finance expense except to the extent that borrowing costs relate to the purchase of qualifying 
assets in which case they are capitalised into the purchase cost of the qualifying asset. Debt establishment costs are capitalised and 
recognised as a reduction in loans and borrowings. They are calculated based on the effective interest rate method and are amortised over the 
period of the loan. Foreign exchange differences net of the effect of hedges on borrowings, are recognised in net finance income/(expense).

(r) earnings per share
Cochlear presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the net profit 
attributable to equity holders of the parent entity for the financial year, after excluding any costs of servicing equity (other than ordinary 
shares) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares of the Company, adjusted for any bonus issue.

Diluted EPS is calculated using the basic EPS earnings as the numerator. The weighted average number of shares used as the denominator 
is adjusted by the after-tax effect of financing costs associated with the dilutive potential ordinary shares and the effect on revenues and 
expenses of conversion to ordinary shares associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares adjusted for any bonus issue.

(s) segment reporting
Determination and presentation of operating segments
An operating segment is a component of Cochlear that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, 
including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of Cochlear’s other components if separately reported and monitored. 
An operating segment’s operating results are reviewed regularly by the CEO/President to make decisions about resources to be allocated to 
the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available.

Segment results that are reported to the CEO/President include items directly attributable to a segment, as well as those that can be 
allocated on a reasonable basis. Unallocated items comprise mainly corporate head office results.

(t) share capital
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares and share options are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of 
any income tax benefit.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Repurchase of share capital (treasury shares)
When share capital recognised as equity is repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, including directly attributable costs, is 
recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects. Repurchased shares are classified as treasury shares and are presented as a 
deduction from total equity. When treasury shares are subsequently sold or reissued, the amount received is recognised as an increase in 
equity, and the surplus or deficit on the transaction is transferred to or from retained earnings.

Dividends
A liability for dividends payable is recognised in the financial year in which the dividends are declared.

(u) new standards and interpretations not yet adopted
A number of new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for financial years beginning after 1 July 2012, and 
have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements. Of the new standards, only the following are expected to have 
an effect on the consolidated financial statements of Cochlear:

•  AASB 9 Financial Instruments, which becomes mandatory for Cochlear’s 2016 consolidated financial statements; 

•  AASB 13 Fair Value Measurement, which becomes mandatory for Cochlear’s 2014 consolidated financial statements; and

•  AASB 19 Employee Benefits, which becomes mandatory for Cochlear’s 2014 consolidated financial statements. This will require Cochlear 

to change from the corridor method for recognising actuarial gains and losses to the direct to equity method.

Cochlear is currently assessing the impact of the changes in each of the above standards and it is not expected that the changes will have a 
significant impact on Cochlear. As such, Cochlear does not plan to adopt these standards early.

4. Financial risk management

overview
Cochlear has exposure to the following risks from the use of financial instruments:

•  Credit risk;

•  Liquidity risk; 

•  Market risk; and

•  Operational risk.

This note presents information about Cochlear’s exposure to each of the above risks, its objectives, policies and processes for measuring and 
managing risk, and the management of capital. Further quantitative disclosures are included throughout these consolidated financial statements.

The Board of directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the risk management framework. The fundamentals 
of risk management are set by the risk policy. Under instruction of the Board, management has established a Risk Management Committee 
which is responsible for monitoring operational and financial risk management throughout Cochlear. Monitoring risk management 
includes ensuring appropriate policies and procedures are published and adhered to. The Risk Management Committee reports to the Audit 
Committee on a regular basis. 

A Treasury Management Committee has been established to administer aspects of risk management involving currency exposure and cash 
and funding management in accordance with the treasury risk policy. The treasury risk policy aims to manage the impact of short-term 
fluctuations on Cochlear’s earnings. Over the longer term, permanent changes in market rates will have an impact on earnings.

Cochlear is exposed to risks from movements in exchange rates and interest rates that affect revenues, expenses, assets, liabilities and 
forecast transactions. Financial risk management aims to limit these market risks through ongoing operational and finance activities. 
Selected derivative and non-derivative hedging instruments are used for this purpose. 

Exposure to credit, foreign exchange and interest rate risks arises in the normal course of Cochlear’s business. Derivative financial 
instruments are used to hedge exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates.

The Company only hedges the risks that affect the cash flows between the parent entity and the controlled entities. Cochlear does not 
enter, hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Hedging transactions are only concluded with leading financial 
institutions whose credit rating is at least A on the Standard & Poor’s rating index.

The Audit Committee oversees how management monitors compliance with Cochlear’s risk management policies and procedures and 
reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by Cochlear. The Audit Committee is assisted in its 
oversight by Internal Audit. Internal Audit undertakes regular reviews of risk management controls and procedures, the results of which are 
reported to the Audit Committee.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to Cochlear if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual 
obligations and arises principally from Cochlear’s receivables from customers.

Trade and other receivables
Cochlear’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the geographical location and characteristics of individual customers. Cochlear 
does not have a significant concentration of credit risk with a single customer.

Policies and procedures of credit management and administration of receivables are established and executed at a regional level. Individual 
regions deliver reports to management and the Board on debtor ageing and collection activities on a monthly basis.

In monitoring customer credit risk, the ageing profile of total receivables balances and individually significant debtors is reported by 
geographic region to the Board of directors on a monthly basis. Regional management is responsible for identifying high risk customers and 
placing restrictions on future trading, including suspending future shipments and administering dispatches on a prepayment basis. These 
actions are also reported to the Board on a monthly basis.

Cochlear has established an allowance for impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in respect of trade and other 
receivables. The main components of this allowance are a specific loss component that relates to individually significant exposures and a 
collective loss component established for groups of assets meeting certain ageing profiles and customer types.

Guarantees
Details of guarantees provided by Cochlear are provided in Note 18. 

liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk is the risk that Cochlear will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. Cochlear’s approach to managing 
liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and 
stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to Cochlear’s reputation.

Cochlear monitors cash flow requirements and produces cash flow projections for the short and long term with a view to optimising return 
on investments. Typically, Cochlear ensures that it has sufficient funds on demand to meet expected operational net cash flows for a period 
of at least 30 days, including the servicing of financial obligations. This excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot 
reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters. In addition, Cochlear maintains lines of credit which are set out in Note 18.

Market risk
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices will affect Cochlear’s net 
profit or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk 
exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimising the return.

Cochlear buys and sells derivatives in accordance with the treasury risk policy, and also incurs financial liabilities, in order to manage market 
risks. All such transactions are carried out within the guidelines set out by the treasury risk policy. Generally, Cochlear seeks to apply hedge 
accounting in order to manage volatility in earnings.

Currency risk
Cochlear is exposed to currency risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the respective 
functional currencies of the controlled entities, primarily Australian dollars (AUD), United States dollars (USD), Euros (EUR), Sterling (GBP), 
Swedish kroner (SEK), Japanese yen (JPY) and Swiss francs (CHF). The currencies in which these transactions primarily are denominated are 
AUD, USD, EUR, GBP, SEK and JPY.

Over 90% of Cochlear’s revenues and over 50% of costs are denominated in currencies other than AUD. Currency risk is hedged in 
accordance with the treasury risk policy. Risk resulting from the translation of assets and liabilities of foreign operations into Cochlear’s 
reporting currency is generally not hedged.

Interest rate risk
Cochlear is exposed to interest rate risks in Australia and Japan. See Note 27 for effective interest rates, repayment and repricing analysis of 
outstanding debt.

Interest rate risk is hedged on a case-by-case basis by assessing the term of borrowings and the purpose for which the funds are obtained. 
Hedging against interest rate risk is achieved by entering into interest rate swaps. 

operational risk
Operational risk is the risk of direct and indirect loss arising from a wide variety of causes associated with Cochlear’s processes, personnel, 
technology and infrastructure, and from external factors other than credit, liquidity and market risks such as those arising from legal and 
regulatory requirements and generally accepted standards of corporate behaviour. Operational risks arise from all of Cochlear’s operations.

Cochlear’s objective is to manage operational risk so as to balance the avoidance of financial losses and damage to Cochlear’s reputation 
with overall cost effectiveness and to avoid control procedures that restrict initiative and creativity. 

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

The primary responsibility for the development and implementation of controls to address operational risk is assigned to the Risk 
Management Committee. This responsibility is supported by the development of standards for the management of operational risk in the 
following areas:

•  requirements for appropriate segregation of duties, including the independent authorisation of transactions;

•  requirements for the reconciliation and monitoring of transactions;

•  compliance with regulatory and other legal requirements;

•  documentation of controls and procedures;

•  requirements for the periodic assessment of operational risks faced, and the adequacy of controls and procedures to address the risks identified;

•  development of contingency plans;

•  training and professional development;

•  ethical and business standards; and

•  risk mitigation, including insurance where this is effective.

Compliance with standards is supported by a program of periodic reviews undertaken by Internal Audit. The results of Internal Audit reviews 
are discussed with the management of the business unit to which they relate, with summaries submitted to the Audit Committee and 
senior management of Cochlear. 

capital management
Cochlear’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, to provide returns to shareholders, 
to provide benefits to other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

The Board aims to maintain and develop a capital base appropriate to Cochlear’s objectives and monitors a number of qualitative metrics 
as follows:

•  net gearing ratio – defined as net debt as a proportion of net debt plus total equity;

•  dividend payout ratio – defined as dividends as a proportion of net profit after tax for a given period;

•  growth in EPS – defined as the compound annual growth percentage in EPS over a three year period; and

•  total shareholder return (TSR) – defined as the percentage growth in share price over a three year period plus the cumulative three year 

dividend return calculated against the opening share price in the same three year period.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, Cochlear may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to 
shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

Senior management tracks, manages and reports against these capital management metrics periodically as part of broader corporate 
governance responsibilities. In addition, the Board of directors undertakes periodic reviews of Cochlear’s capital management position to 
assess whether the metrics continue to be appropriate and whether the capital management structure is appropriate to meet Cochlear’s 
medium and long-term strategic requirements.

Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is subject to externally imposed capital requirements.

There were no significant changes in Cochlear’s approach to capital management during the year.

Cochlear’s net gearing ratio was as follows:

Total loans and borrowings

Less: Cash and cash equivalents

net debt/(cash)

Total equity

net gearing ratio at 30 June

2013

$000

2012

$000

170,469

65,672

(52,689)

(68,486)

117,780

356,913

25%

(2,814)

384,880

(1%)

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

5. Revenue and expenses

(a) Revenue

Sale of goods before hedging

Foreign exchange gains on hedged sales

Revenue from sale of goods

Rendering of services 

total revenue

(b) expenses

cost of sales

Carrying amount of inventories recognised as an expense

Write-down in value of inventories

total cost of sales (excluding product recall)

(c) other income

Grant received or due and receivable

Other income

total other income

(d) other expenses

Net foreign exchange loss

total other expenses

(e) employee benefits expense

Wages and salaries

Contributions to superannuation plans 

Increase in leave liabilities

Equity settled share based payment transactions

total employee benefits expense

(f) profit before income tax has been arrived at after charging the following items:

Operating lease rental expense

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

Write-down in value of inventories – product recall

Impairment of property, plant and equipment – product recall

Impairment of intangible assets – product recall

Provision for warranty and other costs – product recall

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

708,710

698,525

37,691

74,441

746,401

772,966

6,320

6,030

752,721

778,996

206,590

1,482

198,421

4,839

208,072

203,260

1,401

978

2,379

2,515

2,515

208,585

15,846

2,069

2,740

896

849

1,745

349

349

191,025

14,379

2,871

3,654

229,240

211,929

15,485

1,482

-

-

-

-

16,028

1,652

34,859

14,006

13,840

76,130

29

29

29

29

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

6. Net finance expense

Recognised in the income statement

Interest income

finance income

Interest expense

finance expense

net finance expense recognised in the income statement

Recognised in other comprehensive loss

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges transferred to the income statement, net of tax

2013

$000

2012

$000

659

659

(6,882)

(6,882)

(6,223)

(21,206)

(26,384)

1,852

1,852

(6,150)

(6,150)

(4,298)

26,639

(52,108)

net finance expense recognised in other comprehensive loss, net of tax

(47,590)

(25,469)

7. Auditors’ remuneration

audit services

Auditors of the Company

KPMG:

- audit and review of financial reports

- other regulatory compliance services

total audit services

non-audit services

Auditors of the Company

KPMG:

- taxation compliance services

total non-audit services

2013

$

2012

$

1,336,981

1,286,910

58,925

69,672

1,395,906

1,356,582

1,211,162

1,128,460

1,211,162

1,128,460

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

8. Income tax expense

Recognised in the income statement

Current tax expense

Current year

Adjustment for prior years

deferred tax benefit

Origination and reversal of temporary differences

total income tax expense

numerical reconciliation between income tax expense and profit before income tax

Net profit/(loss)

Income tax expense/(benefit)

profit/(loss) before income tax 

2013

$000

2012

$000

Note

31,440

45,335

(3,143)

(2,578)

28,297

42,757

11,777

(27,403)

16

11,777

(27,403)

40,074

15,354

2013

2012

Total 
Reported

Total 
Reported

$000

$000

2012

Total  
Recall

$000

2012

Total  
Adjusted

$000

132,563

56,803

(101,336)

158,139

40,074

15,354

(37,499)

52,853

172,637

72,157

(138,835)

210,992

Income tax expense/(benefit) using the Company’s domestic tax rate of 30% (2012: 30%)

51,791

21,647

(41,651)

63,298

Increase in income tax expense due to: 

Non-deductible expenses

decrease in income tax expense due to:

Research and development allowances

Share based payment deductions

Effect of tax rate in foreign jurisdictions

Adjustment for prior years

2,637

6,274

4,152

2,122

(10,560)

(8,127)

(332)

(319)

(327)

(1,535)

-

-

-

(8,127)

(327)

(1,535)

43,217

17,932

(37,499)

55,431

(3,143)

(2,578)

-

(2,578)

Income tax expense/(benefit) on profit before income tax

40,074

15,354

(37,499)

52,853

Deferred tax recognised in other comprehensive loss relating to derivative financial instruments

(20,060)

(10,545)

total deferred tax recognised in other comprehensive loss

Deferred tax recognised directly in equity relating to share based payments

total deferred tax recognised directly in equity

16

(20,060)

(10,545)

2,537

2,537

3,733

3,733

16

2013

$000

2012

$000

Note

 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Cents per share

Total amount $000

Franked/unfranked

Date of payment

9. Dividends

Dividends recognised in the current financial 
year by the Company are:

2013

Interim 2013 ordinary

Final 2012 ordinary

total amount

2012

Interim 2012 ordinary

Final 2011 ordinary

total amount

125.0

125.0

250.0

120.0

120.0

240.0

71,295

71,216

142,511

68,315

68,171

136,486

40% Franked

12 March 2013

35% Franked

20 September 2012

60% Franked

13 March 2012

70% Franked

22 September 2011

Franked dividends declared or paid during the financial year were franked at the tax rate of 30%.

subsequent events

Since the end of the financial year, the directors 
declared the following dividends:

Final 2013 ordinary

total amount

127.0

127.0

72,442

72,442

30% Franked

19 September 2013

The financial effect of the 2013 final dividend has not been brought to account in the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2013 and will 
be recognised in the subsequent financial year.

There are no further tax consequences as a result of paying dividends other than a reduction in the franking account as shown below:

Company

2013

$000

2012

$000

dividend franking account

30% franking credits available to shareholders of Cochlear Limited for subsequent financial years

1,807

13,042

The above amounts are based on the balance of the dividend franking account at year end. 

The ability to utilise the franking account credits is dependent upon the ability to declare dividends. The impact on the dividend franking 
account of dividends proposed after the balance sheet date but not recorded as a liability is to reduce it by $9,313,969 (2012: $10,711,769).

No additional current tax liability will arise to the extent that franking credits are available with which to pay fully franked dividends. 
Dividends in excess of the balance of the dividend franking account will either be unfranked or result in a franking deficit tax liability payable 
by the Company to the extent that franking credits are provided that do not exist. The Company’s policy is not to pay dividends with 
franking credits that will result in a franking deficit tax liability.

10. Operating segments
Cochlear has three reportable segments, which are determined on a geographical basis and are the strategic business units of Cochlear. 
Segment results, assets and liabilities include items directly attributable to a segment. Unallocated items comprise corporate and other net 
expenses and corporate and manufacturing assets and liabilities.

Information about each reportable segment is included below. Performance is measured based on segment profit before income tax as 
included in the internal management reports that are reviewed by Cochlear’s CEO/President, who is also the chief operating decision maker. 
Segment profit before income tax is used to measure performance as management believes that such information is the most relevant in 
evaluating the results of each operating segment.

 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Information about reportable segments

 Americas

 EMEA(1)

 Asia Pacific

 Total

2013

2012

2013

2012

2013

2012

2013

2012

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

$000

Reportable segment revenue

284,394 296,948 283,023

284,691

147,613

122,916

715,030 704,555

Reportable segment profit before income tax

134,439

144,720

131,523

132,795

57,672

43,893 323,634

321,408

Reportable segment assets

Reportable segment liabilities

other material items

111,905

91,081

176,594

143,081

70,146

72,093 358,645 306,255

31,349

23,853

52,164

52,612

12,633

16,482

96,146

92,947

Depreciation and amortisation

720

627

1,672

1,800

1,020

948

3,412

3,375

Write-down in value of inventories  
excluding product recall

Acquisition of non-current assets

(1) Europe, Middle East and Africa.

139

1,812

-

141

534

1,035

111

922

267

255

278

821

547

389

3,102

2,277

Reconciliations of reportable segment revenues, profit or loss, assets and liabilities and other material items

Revenues

Reportable segment revenue

Foreign exchange gains on hedged sales

consolidated revenue

profit or loss

Reportable segment profit before income tax

Corporate and other net expenses

Cost of sales - product recall

Net finance expense

consolidated profit before income tax

assets

Reportable segment assets

Unallocated corporate and manufacturing assets

consolidated total assets

liabilities

Reportable segment liabilities

Unallocated corporate and manufacturing liabilities

consolidated total liabilities

2013

$000

715,030

37,691

752,721

323,634

(144,774)

-

(6,223)

172,637

358,645

405,856

764,501

96,146

311,442

407,588

2012

$000

704,555

74,441

778,996

321,408

(106,118)

(138,835)

(4,298)

72,157

306,255

396,287

702,542

92,947

224,715

317,662

81

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

2013

other material items

Depreciation and amortisation

Write-down in value of inventories excluding product recall

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

2012

other material items

Depreciation and amortisation

Write-down in value of inventories excluding product recall

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

Revenue by product

Cochlear implants

Bone anchored hearing aids (Baha)

total

Reportable 
segment total

Corporate and 
manufacturing total

Consolidated  
total

$000

$000

$000

3,412

547

3,102

3,375

389

2,277

19,592

935

34,880

20,726

4,450

48,646

2013

$000

636,393

78,637

715,030

23,004

1,482

37,982

24,101

4,839

50,923

2012

$000

626,684

77,871

704,555

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

2013

2012

11. Earnings per share

basic earnings per share

The calculation of basic earnings per share for the year ended 30 June 2013 was based 
on net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent entity of $132,563,000 (2012: 
$56,803,000) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares on issue during the year 
ended 30 June 2013 of 56,890,261 (2012: 56,824,604) calculated as follows:

Net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent entity

$132,563,000

$56,803,000

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic):

Issued ordinary shares at 1 July (number)

Effect of options and performance shares exercised (number)

Effect of shares issued under Employee Share Plan (number)

56,865,878

56,680,142

13,619

10,764

126,686

17,776

weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic) at 30 June

56,890,261

56,824,604

basic earnings per share (cents)

diluted earnings per share

The calculation of diluted earnings per share for the year ended 30 June 2013 was based 
on net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent entity of $132,563,000 (2012: 
$56,803,000) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares on issue during the year 
ended 30 June 2013 of 57,047,096 (2012: 56,922,674) calculated as follows:

233.0

100.0

Net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent entity

$132,563,000

$56,803,000

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted):

Weighted average number of shares (basic) (number)

Effect of options and performance shares (number)

56,890,261

56,824,604

156,835

98,070

weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted) at 30 June

57,047,096

56,922,674

diluted earnings per share (cents)

232.4

99.8

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

12. Trade and other receivables

current

Trade receivables net of allowance for impairment losses

Other receivables

Forward exchange contracts

total current trade and other receivables

non-current

Other receivables

Forward exchange contracts

total non-current trade and other receivables

13. Inventories

Raw materials and stores

Work in progress

Finished goods

total inventories

Cochlear’s exposure to credit and currency risks and impairment losses related to trade and other receivables is disclosed in Note 27.

2013

$000

2012

$000

187,593

144,727

12,691

3,464

11,721

32,637

203,748

189,085

46

898

944

2013

$000

48,653

15,333

67,588

50

11,790

11,840

2012

$000

25,300

13,746

62,252

131,574

101,298

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

14. Property, plant and equipment

leasehold improvements

At cost

Accumulated amortisation

plant and equipment

At cost

Accumulated depreciation and impairment

total property, plant and equipment, at net book value

Reconciliations

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts of each class of property,  
plant and equipment are set out below:

leasehold improvements

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Additions

Amortisation

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

plant and equipment

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Additions

Impairment

Disposals

Depreciation

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

23,057

(16,613)

6,444

155,923

(96,469)

59,454

65,898

5,466

2,171

(1,525)

332

6,444

54,145

18,903

22,583

(17,117)

5,466

135,726

(81,581)

54,145

59,611

6,727

1,259

(2,429)

(91)

5,466

62,630

19,584

29

-

(14,006)

(1,028)

(13,876)

1,310

59,454

(150)

(13,397)

(516)

54,145

 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

15. Intangible assets

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives

Goodwill, at cost

Technology relationship, at cost

total intangible assets with indefinite useful lives

Intangible assets with definite useful lives

Acquired technology, patents and licences

At cost

Accumulated amortisation and impairment

Enterprise resource planning system

At cost

Accumulated amortisation

Customer relationships

At cost

Accumulated amortisation

Capitalised development expenditure

At cost

Accumulated amortisation

Other intangible assets

At cost

Accumulated amortisation

total intangible assets with definite useful lives

total intangible assets

2013

$000

2012

$000

170,959

1,800

151,066

1,800

172,759

152,866

62,811

49,505

(28,733)

(25,340)

34,078

24,165

60,941

47,011

 (33,614)

(29,290)

27,327

17,721

4,449

(4,449)

-

7,759

(7,759)

-

4,013

(2,403)

1,610

63,015

235,774

4,020

(4,020)

-

7,759

(7,759)

-

13,918

(1,955)

11,963

53,849

206,715

 
 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Reconciliations

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts of each class of intangible assets are set out below:

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

Goodwill

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

technology relationship

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

carrying amount at end of financial year

acquired technology, patents and licences

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Acquisitions

Impairment

Amortisation

Reclassification from other intangible assets

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

enterprise resource planning system

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Acquisitions

Amortisation

Disposals

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

other intangible assets

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Acquisitions 

Amortisation

Disposals

151,066

19,893

170,959

1,800

1,800

24,165

2,431

-

(2,770)

9,934

318

34,078

17,721

14,477

(4,432)

(454)

15

27,327

11,963

-

(401)

-

29

(a)

(a)

Reclassification to acquired technology, patents and licences

(a)

(9,934)

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

(18)

1,610

159,137

(8,071)

151,066

1,800

1,800

30,808

10,174

(13,840)

(2,823)

-

(154)

24,165

14,296

9,972

(5,047)

(1,502)

2

17,721

2,509

9,934

(405)

-

-

(75)

11,963

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

(a) purchase of intellectual property from otologics llc
As at 30 June 2012, Cochlear recorded an asset being the “Right to acquire intellectual property” of USD10.0 million to reflect its security 
interest in the intellectual property assets of Otologics LLC being the same value as its amount payable to Wells Fargo Bank as guarantor to 
Otologics LLC loan following Otologics LLC’s declaration of bankruptcy.

During the year, Cochlear settled the loan and acquired intellectual property and certain other assets of Otologics LLC for a total 
consideration of USD14.0 million.

amortisation charge
Amortisation is recognised in the administration expenses line in the income statement except for amortisation of capitalised development 
expenditure which is recognised in the research and development expenses line.

Impairment tests for cGus
Impairment testing is performed assessing carrying amounts of goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment at 
Cochlear’s CGUs. 

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to Cochlear’s operating divisions which represent the lowest level within 
Cochlear at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes, which is not higher than Cochlear’s operating segments as 
reported in Note 10.

The aggregate carrying amounts of goodwill allocated to each CGU are as follows:

Americas

EMEA

Asia Pacific

2013

$000

86,438

74,709

9,812

170,959

2012

$000

76,224

66,012

8,830

151,066

The recoverable amount of each CGU is based on value-in-use calculations. Those calculations use cash flow projections based on actual 
operating results and the three year business plan. Cash flows for subsequent years are extrapolated using a conservative growth rate of 3% 
(2012: 3.0%) per annum which is consistent with long-term economic growth rates. A pre-tax discount rate of 13.5% (2012: 13.5%) per 
annum has been used in discounting the projected pre-tax cash flows.

The key assumptions and the approach to determining their value in the current year are:

assumption 

Discount rate 

How determined

Based on weighted average cost of capital

Sales volume growth rate 

Based on a three year forecast taking into account historical growth rates and product lifecycle

Terminal value growth rate  Based on a three year forecast taking into account historical growth rates and product lifecycle.

The recoverable amount of each CGU including unallocated corporate assets is in excess of their carrying amount and therefore no 
impairment charge was required. The excess of recoverable amount over carrying amount is such that a reasonably possible change in 
assumptions is unlikely to reduce the recoverable amount below the carrying amount.

 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

16. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Inventories

Provisions

Deferred revenue

Forward exchange contracts

Other

Tax losses carried forward

deferred tax assets/(liabilities)

Set off of tax

4,395

55

16,063

25,567

3,382

6,407

4,713

1,297

61,879

(5,216)

Assets

Liabilities

2013

$000

2012

$000

2013

$000

5,294

(729)

57

(1,809)

24,327

30,186

1,428

-

-

-

-

-

2012

$000

(345)

(55)

-

-

-

(13,636)

Net

2013

$000

2012

$000

3,666

(1,754)

16,063

25,567

3,382

6,407

2,035

1,297

4,949

2

24,327

30,186

1,428

(13,636)

3,239

-

11,268

(2,678)

(8,029)

-

-

-

72,560

(5,216)

(22,065)

56,663

50,495

(22,065)

5,216

22,065

-

-

net deferred tax assets

56,663

50,495

-

-

56,663

50,495

unrecognised deferred tax liabilities
At 30 June 2013, a deferred tax liability of $23.3 million (2012: $24.5 million) relating to investments in subsidiaries has not been 
recognised because the Company controls whether the asset will be recovered or the liability will be incurred and it is satisfied that it will 
not be incurred in the foreseeable future.

current tax assets and liabilities
The current tax assets for the Consolidated Entity of $6.2 million (2012: $5.8 million) represent the amount of income taxes recoverable 
in respect of current and prior years and arise from the payment of tax in excess of the amounts due to the relevant taxation authority. 
The current tax liabilities for the Consolidated Entity of $6.0 million (2012: $19.5 million) represent the amount of income taxes payable in 
respect of current and prior financial years. 

 Movement in temporary differences during the year

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Recognised in the income statement

Recognised in other comprehensive loss

Recognised directly in equity

Effects of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

Note

8

8

8

2013

$000

50,495

(11,777)

20,060

(2,537)

422

2012

$000

16,072

27,403

10,545

(3,733)

208

56,663

50,495

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

17. Trade and other payables

current

Trade payables and accruals

Other payables

Forward exchange contracts

total current trade and other payables

non-current

Other payables

Forward exchange contracts

total non-current trade and other payables

18. Loans and borrowings

current

Secured bank loans 

total current loans and borrowings

non-current 

Secured bank loans(i)

total non-current loans and borrowings

financing arrangements

Cochlear had access to the following lines of credit at the reporting date:

Multi-option credit facilities

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Bank guarantees

Other credit facilities

Unsecured bank overdrafts

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Bank guarantees

2013

$000

80,632

1,242

14,915

96,789

-

13,242

13,242

2013

$000

3,309

3,309

167,160

167,160

295,000

19,736

264

352

4,963

-

1,198

2012

$000

98,404

1,713

101

100,218

695

40

735

2012

$000

45,744

45,744

19,928

19,928

170,000

44,345

655

508

3,744

329

3,655

321,513

223,236

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

facilities utilised at the reporting date

Multi-option credit facilities

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Bank guarantees

Other credit facilities

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Bank guarantees

facilities not utilised at the reporting date

Multi-option credit facilities

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Other credit facilities

Unsecured bank overdrafts

Secured bank loan

Standby letters of credit

Bank guarantees

2013

$000

168,000

1,924

264

3,309

-

1,193

174,690

127,000

17,812

352

1,654

-

5

146,823

2012

$000

62,000

16,030

655

3,744

145

323

82,897

108,000

28,315

508

-

184

3,332

140,339

(i) Included within secured bank loans is an amount of $840,028 (2012: $71,875) in relation to unamortised loan establishment fees. 

secured bank loan – multi-option credit facilities 
Cochlear’s existing corporate loan facility was amended and extended in June 2013 for a period of three years. The facility is for a total 
commitment limit of AUD200.0 million, with an option to allocate a letter of credit sub-facility limit of up to AUD30.0 million for the 
purpose of drawing either bank guarantees or letters of credit. This letter of credit sub-limit currently sits at AUD5.0 million. 

In June 2013, Cochlear negotiated a further loan facility for a period of five years. The facility has a total commitment limit of AUD115.0 
million made up of an AUD100.0 million loan sub-facility limit and incorporates an existing AUD15.0 million letter of credit facility that was 
negotiated in August 2011.

Both facilities are secured by interlocking guarantees provided by certain controlled entities. Interest on the facilities is variable and charged 
at prevailing market rates.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

unsecured bank overdrafts
Certain unsecured bank overdrafts are payable on demand and are subject to annual review. Interest on unsecured bank facilities is variable 
and is charged at prevailing market rates.

secured bank loan
In September 2012, Cochlear’s JPY300.0 million bank facility was increased to JPY450.0 million. It is secured by a letter of guarantee and 
reviewed annually. Interest is charged at prevailing market rates.

bank guarantees
At 30 June 2013, Cochlear has other bank guarantee facilities denominated in USD, EUR, GBP, Indian rupees and New Zealand dollars 
(NZD) totalling $1.2 million (2012: $3.7 million).

19. Commitments

operating lease commitments

Future non-cancellable operating lease rentals not provided for in the financial statements are payable as follows:

Not later than one year

Later than one year but not later than five years

Later than five years

total operating lease commitments

capital expenditure commitments

Contracted but not provided for and payable:

Not later than one year

total capital expenditure commitments

2013

$000

2012

$000

21,763

62,709

100,059

184,531

20,702

67,018

109,857

197,577

1,553

1,553

3,410

3,410

Cochlear leases property under non-cancellable operating leases expiring from one to 15 years. Leases generally provide Cochlear with a 
right of renewal at which time all terms are renegotiated. Lease payments comprise a base amount plus an incremental contingent rental. 
Contingent rentals are based on movements in the Consumer Price Index.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

20. Provisions

current

Employee benefits

Warranties

Legal and other

Make good lease costs

Product recall 

total current provisions

non-current

Employee benefits 

Warranties

Directors’ retirement scheme

Make good lease costs

Product recall 

total non-current provisions

Reconciliations

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts of each class of provision,  
except for the employee benefits provision, are set out below:

warranties 

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Provisions made

Provisions used

carrying amount at end of financial year

legal and other

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Provisions made

Provisions used

Effects of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

Make good lease costs

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Provisions made

Provisions used

Provisions released 

Effects of movements in foreign exchange

carrying amount at end of financial year

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

26

29

26

26

29

30,450

13,231

7,487

-

12,056

63,224

3,589

4,683

411

2,143

24,530

35,356

13,991

29,152

(25,229)

17,914

7,523

5,218

(5,294)

40

7,487

4,024

400

(416)

(1,857)

(8)

2,143

30,068

11,053

7,523

312

29,410

78,366

4,447

2,938

399

3,712

23,560

35,056

11,818

21,874

(19,701)

13,991

5,294

3,547

(1,316)

(2)

7,523

4,840

-

(818)

-

2

4,024

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

directors’ retirement scheme

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Provisions made

carrying amount at end of financial year

product recall

Carrying amount at beginning of financial year

Provisions made

Provisions used

carrying amount at end of financial year

2013

$000

399

12

411

52,970

-

(16,384)

36,586

2012

$000

382

17

399

-

76,130

(23,160)

52,970

Note

29

29

employee benefits
Employee benefits include entitlements measured at the present value of future amounts expected to be paid, based on a 3% per annum 
projected weighted average increase in remuneration rates over an average period of eight years. The present value is calculated using a 
weighted average discount rate of 3% per annum based on national government securities with similar maturity terms.

warranties
See Note 3(g) for details of how the provision balance is determined.

legal and other
See Note 3(g) for details of how the provision balance is determined.

Make good lease costs
See Note 3(g) for details of how the provision balance is determined.

directors’ retirement scheme
Non-executive directors appointed prior to 2003 were entitled to retirement benefits of up to three times their annual remuneration over 
the previous three years once they had more than five years’ service. The ongoing accrual of benefits under the directors’ retirement scheme 
ceased from 30 June 2007. The benefits accrued to that date are indexed by reference to the bank bill rate. As at 30 June 2013, Prof E Byrne, AO 
is the only non-executive director entitled to this benefit. 

product recall
See Note 29 for details of how the provision balance is determined.

21. Contingent liabilities
The details of contingent liabilities are set out below. The directors are of the opinion that provisions are either adequate or are not required 
in respect of these matters, as it is either not probable that a future sacrifice of economic benefits will be required, or the amount is not 
capable of reliable measurement.

product liability claims 
Cochlear is currently and is likely from time to time to be involved in claims and law suits incidental to the ordinary course of business, 
including claims for damages relating to its products and services. 

In addition, Cochlear has received legal claims in various countries and law suits in the United States by recipients who have had Cochlear 
implant CI500 series devices stop functioning for the reason that led to the September 2011 voluntary recall of unimplanted CI500 series 
devices. The claims are being negotiated and the law suits defended by Cochlear. 

Cochlear carries product liability insurance and has made claims under the policies. The insurers have agreed to indemnify Cochlear in 
accordance with the terms and conditions of the policies including deductibles and exclusions. In the opinion of the directors, the details of the 
product liability insurance policies are commercially sensitive and any disclosure of these details may be prejudicial to the interests of Cochlear. 

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

patent infringement complaints 
During the year ended 30 June 2008, the Company was served with a complaint for patent infringement by the Alfred E. Mann Foundation 
for Scientific Research (Mann Foundation). 

The complaint, filed in the US District Court of California, alleges that two patents have been infringed.

The Company believes the Mann Foundation’s allegations are without merit and is vigorously defending the complaint. 

At the date of this report, the litigation process is ongoing. No provision has been established against settlement because the probability of 
a significant outflow is considered unlikely. 

22. Capital and reserves

share capital

Number of issued shares in 
market circulation

Number of shares held in Trust 
under CELTIP

Total number of issued shares

2013

2012

2013

2012

2013

2012

On issue 1 July – fully paid 

56,865,878

56,680,142

63,554

64,881

56,929,432

56,745,023

Issued for nil consideration under Employee 
Share Plan

Shares purchased from the market

Issued from the exercise of options

Performance shares vesting from Trust

16,302

(68,872)

95,198

6,783

25,023

(17,021)

159,386

18,348

-

-

16,302

25,023

68,872

17,021

-

-

-

-

95,198

159,386

(6,783)

(18,348)

-

-

on issue 30 June – fully paid 

56,915,289

56,865,878

125,643

63,554

57,040,932

56,929,432

Cochlear has also issued options (see Note 26(b)).

The Company does not have authorised capital or par value in respect of its issued shares.

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share at 
shareholders’ meetings. 

treasury reserve
The treasury reserve comprises the cost of shares acquired by the Trust at the date of purchase.

translation reserve
The translation reserve records the foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations 
as well as from the translation of liabilities that hedge the Company’s net investment in a foreign subsidiary, where their functional currency 
is different to the presentation currency of the reporting entity. See Note 3(d) for further details.

Hedging reserve
The hedging reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging instruments related 
to underlying transactions that have not yet occurred.

share based payment reserve
The share based payment reserve comprises the cost of shares distributed to eligible executives under the CELTIP, as detailed in Note 26(b).

 
95P

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

23. Notes to the statement of cash flows

cash assets
The operating account received an average interest rate of 0.82% (2012: 1.66%) per annum.

Cash held on deposit for periods not exceeding 90 days received an average interest rate of 3.27% (2012: 2.94%) per annum.

(a) Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash includes cash on hand and at bank and short-term deposits, net of outstanding bank 
overdrafts. Cash and cash equivalents at the reporting date as shown in the statement of cash flows are reconciled to the related items in 
the balance sheet as follows:

Cash on hand

Cash on deposit

cash and cash equivalents

(b) Reconciliation of net profit to net cash provided by operating activities

Net profit

add items classified as investing activities

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

add non-cash items

Amounts set aside to provisions

Depreciation and amortisation

Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

Equity settled share based payment transactions

net cash provided by operating activities before changes in assets and liabilities

changes in assets and liabilities

Change in trade and other receivables

Change in inventories

Change in prepayments

Change in deferred tax assets

Change in trade and other payables

Change in current tax liabilities

Change in provisions 

Change in deferred revenue

Effects of movements in foreign exchange

net cash provided by operating activities

2013

$000

31,455

21,234

52,689

2012

$000

56,905

11,581

68,486

132,563

56,803

1,482

1,652

60,870

23,004

-

2,740

220,659

(43,677)

(30,276)

(2,596)

(6,168)

(6,618)

6,485

(75,712)

4,417

3,213

69,727

128,363

24,101

27,846

3,654

242,419

19,866

4,828

300

(34,423)

1,517

411

(68,597)

(643)

2,602

168,280

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Interest held

Country of incorporation/formation

2013 
%

2012 
%

24. Controlled entities

particulars in relation to controlled entities

company

Cochlear Limited

controlled entities

Acoustic Implants Limited

Cochlear AG

Cochlear Americas

Cochlear Benelux NV

Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AB

Cochlear Boulder LLC

Cochlear Canada Inc

Cochlear Clinical Services LLC

Cochlear Deutschland GmbH & Co KG 

Cochlear Employee Share Trust

Cochlear Europe Finance GmbH

Cochlear Europe Limited

Cochlear Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (Performance Shares) Trust

Cochlear Finance Pty Limited

Cochlear France SAS

Cochlear German Holdings Pty Limited

Cochlear Holdings NV 

Cochlear Incentive Plan Pty Limited

Cochlear Investments Pty Ltd

Cochlear Italia SRL

Cochlear Korea Limited 

Cochlear Latinoamerica S.A.

Cochlear Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.

Cochlear Manufacturing Corporation

Cochlear Medical Device (Beijing) Co., Ltd

Cochlear Medical Device Company India Private Limited

Cochlear Nordic AB

Cochlear NZ Limited

Cochlear Research and Development Limited

Cochlear Sweden Holdings AB

Cochlear Technologies Pty Limited

Cochlear Tibbi Cihazlar ve Saglik Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi

Cochlear Verwaltungs GmbH

Cochlear (HK) Limited

Cochlear (UK) Limited

Isitme Implantlari Tibbi Cihazlar ve Saglik Hizmetleri Ltd Sti

Lachlan Project Development Pty Ltd

Lachlan Project Holdings Pty Ltd

Lachlan Project Security Holdings Pty Ltd

(i)

(i)

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

-

100

100

100

100

-

100

-

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

-

100

100

100

Australia

UK

Switzerland

USA

Belgium

Sweden

USA

Canada

USA

Germany

Australia

Germany

UK

Australia

Australia

France

Australia

Belgium

Australia

Australia

Italy

Korea

Panama

Malaysia

USA

China

India

Sweden

New Zealand

UK

Sweden

Australia

Turkey

Germany

Hong Kong

UK

Turkey

Australia

Australia

Australia

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Medical Insurance Pte Limited

Miaki NV

Neopraxis Pty Limited

Nihon Cochlear Co Limited

Percutis AB
(i) Dormant.

25. Related parties

Interest held

Country of incorporation/formation

2013 
% 

100

100

100

100

100

2012 
%

100

100

100

100

100

(i)

Singapore

Belgium

Australia

Japan

Sweden

key management personnel 
The following were key management personnel of Cochlear at any time during the financial year and unless otherwise indicated were key 
management personnel for the entire financial year:

Non-executive directors
Mr R Holliday-Smith (Chairman)

Mrs YA Allen

Mr PR Bell 

Prof E Byrne, AO

Mr A Denver 

Mr DP O’Dwyer 

Executive director
Dr CG Roberts

Executives
Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith.

key management personnel disclosures
The key management personnel compensation is included in employee benefits expense as follows:

Short-term employee benefits

Post-employment benefits

Other long-term benefits

Directors’ retirement benefits

Share based payments

2013

$

6,824,569

368,245

94,729

12,293

1,232,235

8,532,071

2012

$

6,090,379

350,940

96,989

16,485

846,095

7,400,888

Information regarding individual directors’ and executives’ remuneration and some equity instruments disclosures as permitted by section 
300A of the Corporations Act 2001 is provided in the Remuneration Report in the Directors’ Report on pages 30 to 55.

The key management personnel have not received any loans from Cochlear and there have been no other related party transactions with 
any of Cochlear’s key management personnel unless where noted throughout this Financial Report. 

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

options and performance shares granted as compensation
The movement during the financial year in the number of options over ordinary shares and performance shares of Cochlear Limited held, 
directly, indirectly or beneficially, by each key management person, including their personally related entities, is as follows:

Held at  
1 July 2012

Granted as 
remuneration

Vested and 
exercised

Forfeited

Held at  
30 June 2013

Vested and 
exercisable at 
30 June 2013

option holdings

Executive director

Dr CG Roberts

Executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

performance share holdings

Executive director

Dr CG Roberts

Executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

313,750

231,161

(86,623)

458,288

23,235

-

-

-

(8,202)

(7,670)

(11,867)

(8,665)

(12,484)

(11,674)

41,448

26,491

10,928

-

45,063

(6,000)

(13,506)

-

-

2,473

6,120

8,016

1,577

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

60,833

43,045

69,526

70,566

49,203

-

-

2,234

-

-

6,826

90,414

60,871

59,768

51,222

74,760

-

-

4,707

6,120

8,016

8,403

7,796

5,693

-

-

8,873

-

-

-

-

-

-

 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

option holdings

Executive director

Dr CG Roberts

Executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

performance share holdings

Executive director

Dr CG Roberts

Executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

Held at  
1 July 2011

Granted as 
remuneration

Vested and 
exercised

Forfeited

Held at  
30 June 2012

Vested and 
exercisable at 
30 June 2012

297,542

117,620

(88,736)

(12,676)

313,750

67,623

56,736

77,812

88,071

58,004

-

-

-

-

-

23,495

(26,499)

11,128

27,538

28,859

20,823

-

-

2,234

-

-

(21,717)

(31,346)

(42,183)

(25,910)

-

-

-

-

-

(3,786)

(3,102)

(4,478)

(4,181)

(3,714)

-

-

-

-

-

60,833

43,045

69,526

70,566

49,203

-

-

2,234

-

-

7,507

1,045

(1,510)

(216)

6,826

-

-

-

-

-

6,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

No options held by key management personnel were vested but not exercisable at 30 June 2013 or 2012.

The options and performance shares granted in the 2013 financial year were granted on 13 August 2012 and vest in August 2015. The 
options have an exercise price of $62.78 per share and an expiration date of 1 July 2017. No options or performance shares have been 
granted since the end of the financial year. The options and performance shares were provided at no cost to the recipients. 

The options granted during the year have a fair value of $8.56 per share at grant date for options with EPS performance based conditions 
and $5.70 per share at grant date for options with TSR based conditions. The performance shares granted during the financial year had a fair 
value at grant date of $62.78 per share for performance shares with EPS performance based conditions and $39.55 per share at grant date 
for performance shares with TSR based conditions.

 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Movement in shares
The movement during the financial year in the number of ordinary shares of Cochlear Limited held, directly, indirectly or beneficially, by 
each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows:

directors

Non-executive

Mr R Holliday-Smith

Mrs YA Allen

Mr PR Bell

Prof E Byrne, AO

Mr A Denver

Mr DP O’Dwyer

Executive

Dr CG Roberts

executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

directors

Non-executive

Mr R Holliday-Smith

Mrs YA Allen

Mr PR Bell

Prof E Byrne, AO

Mr A Denver

Mr DP O’Dwyer

Executive

Dr CG Roberts

executives

Mr R Brook

Mr J Janssen

Mr NJ Mitchell

Mr MD Salmon

Mr CM Smith

Held at  
1 July 2012

Purchases

Received on 
exercise of 
options and 
performance 
shares

Sales

Held at  
30 June 2013

7,020

2,500

2,500

3,250

2,500

4,000

2,230

450

500

-

1,500

1,000

715,803

4,000

10,000

31,248

36,346

9,740

10,000

200

2,398

2,500

-

-

Held at  
1 July 2011

Purchases

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8,202

7,670

6,000

Received on 
exercise of 
options and 
performance 
shares

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(2,500)

(20,318)

(37,048)

(7,670)

(6,000)

9,250

2,950

3,000

3,250

4,000

5,000

719,803

7,700

13,328

10,000

9,740

10,000

Sales

Held at  
30 June 2012

5,500

2,500

2,500

2,000

2,500

3,350

1,520

-

-

1,250

-

650

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7,020

2,500

2,500

3,250

2,500

4,000

725,310

-

88,736

(98,243)

715,803

8,806

32,921

33,571

9,740

10,000

1,194

-

-

-

-

26,499

21,717

31,346

42,183

27,420

(26,499)

(23,390)

(28,571)

(42,183)

(27,420)

10,000

31,248

36,346

9,740

10,000

 
101

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

26. Employee benefits

current

Provision for long service leave

Provision for annual leave

Provision for short-term incentives

Wages and salaries accrued

total current employee benefits

non-current

Provision for long service leave

Provision for directors’ retirement scheme

total non-current employee benefits

total employee benefits

Note

2013

$000

2012

$000

7,325

16,850

6,275

30,450

515

6,317

14,930

8,821

30,068

409

30,965

30,477

3,589

411

4,000

4,447

399

4,846

34,965

35,323

20

20

Cochlear has benefit plans that provide pension benefits to employees upon retirement. These defined benefit plans cover, in aggregate, 
75 employees. Cochlear contributed cash of $0.9 million (2012: $0.8 million) to defined benefit plans in the year ended 30 June 2013 and 
expects to contribute $1.0 million in the year ending 30 June 2014. 

(a) defined contribution superannuation plans
Cochlear makes contributions to defined contribution plans. The amount recognised as expense was $14.9 million for the year ended 30 
June 2013 (2012: $14.4 million).

(b) share based payments
Cochlear’s Employee Share Plan (Plan) was approved by special resolution at the AGM held on 19 October 1999. Under the Plan, the 
directors can at their discretion, allocate at nil consideration up to a maximum of $2,000 worth of shares per eligible employee in any one 
year. The fair value of shares issued during the financial year is the market price of the Company’s shares on the ASX as at the start of trading 
on the issue date. Shares under the Plan vest with the employee immediately but are non-transferable for a period of up to three years. For 
the year ended 30 June 2013, the Company issued 16,302 shares under the Plan. 

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

The CELTIP was approved and adopted at the AGM on 20 October 2003 and replaced the Executive Share Option Plan. The CELTIP offers a 
mixture of options over unissued shares and performance shares. Both the options and the performance shares are subject to a three year 
vesting period. The number of options and performance shares exercisable by the executives will depend on the performance of Cochlear 
over the vesting period. Half of the offer will be assessed against the compound annual growth rate of the EPS achieved by Cochlear, and 
the other half against the TSR as measured against the S&P/ASX 100 comparator group. If the minimum compound annual growth rate 
in EPS of 10% is not achieved, 50% of shares will not be issued or released to the executives. If the TSR of Cochlear is below the 50th 
percentile against the S&P/ASX 100 comparator group over the three years, the remaining 50% of shares will not be issued or released. 

At the date of this report, unissued ordinary shares of the Company under option and issued shares held in the Trust and the terms and 
conditions of the grants and issues are as follows:

Grant date

Number of 
instruments

Conditions for minimum vesting

Contractual life of options

Option grant in August 2009

42,837 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

42,837 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Option grant in August 2010

199,934 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

199,935 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Option grant in August and  
October 2011

258,532 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

258,533 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Option grant in August 2012

367,696 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

367,696 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

total options(1)

1,738,000

(1) No options granted in August 2008 were outstanding as at 30 June 2013.

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Issue date

Number of 
instruments

Conditions for minimum vesting

Contractual life of shares in 
the Trust

Performance shares issued in  
August 2008

185 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

186 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Performance shares issued in  
August 2009

385 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

386 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Performance shares issued in  
August 2010

9,734 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

9,734 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Performance shares issued in  
August 2011

11,211 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

11,211 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

Performance shares issued in  
August 2012

38,299 Three years of service, a minimum compound annual 

growth rate in EPS of 10%.

total performance shares

119,631

38,300 Three years of service, the Consolidated Entity’s TSR 

is above the 50th percentile against the S&P/ASX 
100 over three years.

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

5 years

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

The number and weighted average exercise prices of options are as follows:

Outstanding at 1 July

Forfeited 

Exercised 

Granted 

outstanding at 30 June

Exercisable at 30 June

Weighted average 
exercise price  
$

Number of options

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$

Number of options

2013

64.33

61.62

52.73

62.78

65.98

60.04

2013

1,635,440

(402,069)

(255,199)

759,828

1,738,000

85,674

2012

58.72

56.59

51.37

68.56

64.33

54.99

2012

1,719,451

(149,571)

(477,388)

542,948

1,635,440

298,462

The weighted average share price at date of exercise was $69.77 (2012: $69.41).

The estimated value of options for the current financial year is calculated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model.

For options outstanding at 30 June 2013, 85,674 options have an exercise price of $60.04, 399,869 options have an exercise price of 
$69.80, 517,065 options have an exercise price of $68.56 and 735,392 options have an exercise price of $62.78 (2012: 114,258 options at 
$63.18, 184,204 options at $49.91, 396,679 options at $60.04, 409,737 options at $69.80 and 530,562 options at $68.56). The weighted 
average remaining contractual life of options outstanding at the end of the year is three years (2012: three years).

Inputs for measurement of grant date fair values
The grant date fair value of options and performance shares was measured based on the Black-Scholes model. Expected volatility is estimated 
by considering historic average share price volatility. The inputs used in the measurement of the fair values at grant date are the following:

Fair value of options at grant date with:

- EPS performance based conditions 

- TSR based conditions 

Fair value of performance shares at grant date with:

- EPS performance based conditions 

- TSR based conditions 

Share price at grant date

Option exercise price

Expected volatility (weighted average volatility)

Option life 

Expected dividends

Risk free interest rate (based on government bonds)

(1) No performance shares were issued. 

13 August 2012

15 August 2011

24 October 2011

$8.56

$5.70

$62.78

$39.55

$62.97

$62.78

23.99%

$13.45

$8.95

$68.56

$43.19

$73.75

$68.56

22.0%

$4.71

$3.14

N/A(1)

N/A(1)

$56.61

$68.56

23.8%

3 – 5 years

3 – 5 years

3 – 5 years

3.80%

2.71%

2.84%

3.89%

3.90%

3.90%

 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

27. Financial instruments

credit risk
Exposure to credit risk
The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade receivables and other receivables

Forward exchange contracts 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables at the reporting date by geographic region was:

Americas

EMEA

Asia Pacific

Impairment losses
The ageing of Cochlear’s trade receivables at the reporting date was:

Gross receivables

Not past due

Past due 0 – 30 days

Past due 31 – 120 days

Past due 121 – 270 days 

Past due 271 days and over

Impairment losses

trade receivables net of allowance for impairment losses

2013

$000

52,689

200,330

4,362

257,381

2013

$000

59,110

84,173

44,310

2012

$000

68,486

156,498

44,427

269,411

2012

$000

51,548

66,364

26,815

187,593

144,727

2013

$000

138,570

18,651

15,680

5,877

12,379

191,157

(3,564)

187,593

2012

$000

101,827

20,666

12,510

6,147

6,347

147,497

(2,770)

144,727

There are certain jurisdictions in which Cochlear operates where it is customary practice for customers to make payment beyond 270 days. 
As such, Cochlear discloses the balance as overdue; however, it is not indicative of a higher than normal credit risk as payments are typically 
received by Cochlear within the extended timeframes.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

The movement in the allowance for impairment losses in respect of trade receivables during the year was as follows:

Balance at 1 July

Net impairment losses (recognised)/utilised

Effect of movements in foreign exchange

balance at 30 June 

2013

$000

(2,770)

(562)

(232)

(3,564)

2012

$000

(4,899)

2,261

(132)

(2,770)

Impairment losses recognised in the year relate to significant individual customers or portfolios of customers which have been assessed as 
impaired under Cochlear’s accounting policy as detailed in Note 3(i).

Based upon past experience, Cochlear believes that no impairment allowance is necessary in respect of trade receivables not past due. 

The allowance accounts used in respect of trade receivables are used to record impairment losses unless Cochlear is satisfied that no recovery 
of the amount owing is possible; at that point, the amount considered non-recoverable is written off against the financial asset directly.

liquidity risk
Non-derivative assets and liabilities 
The following are the contractual maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments and excluding the 
impact of netting agreements:

Effective  
interest rate  
Per annum

Carrying  
amount 
$000

Contractual  
cash flows  
$000

6 months  
or less  
$000

6 – 12 
months 
$000

1 – 2 years 

2 – 5 years 

$000

$000

More than  
5 years  
$000

non-derivative financial liabilities 
30 June 2013

AUD floating rate loan

4.63%

167,160

190,151

3,917

JPY floating rate loan

0.67%

3,309

3,324

12

Trade and other payables

-

81,874

81,874

81,874

3,853

3,312

-

7,770

174,611

-

-

-

-

total

252,343

275,349

85,803

7,165

7,770

174,611

-

-

-

-

Effective  
interest rate  
Per annum

Carrying  
amount 
$000

Contractual  
cash flows  
$000

6 months  
or less  
$000

6 – 12 
months 
$000

1 – 2 years 

2 – 5 years 

$000

$000

More than  
5 years  
$000

non-derivative financial liabilities 
30 June 2012

AUD floating rate loan

5.93%

42,000

44,491

1,256

43,235

-

JPY floating rate loan

0.68%

3,744

3,750

5.92%

19,928

22,139

597

3,750

Trade and other payables

-

100,953

100,953

100,218

588

20,954

-

-

-

735

total

166,625

171,333

105,821

43,823

21,689

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

It is not expected that the cash flows included in the maturity analysis could occur significantly earlier, or at significantly different amounts.

 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Derivative assets and liabilities designated as cash flow hedges

In the year ended 30 June 2013, Cochlear designated some sales and purchases of various currencies as cash flow hedges to hedge the 
amount converted into AUD for forecast future transactions. These are hedges of forecast future transactions to manage the currency risk 
arising from exchange rate fluctuations. The hedged items were highly probable foreign currency transactions. 

The effectiveness of the hedging relationship is calculated prospectively using regression analysis on market values. An effectiveness test 
is carried out retrospectively using the cumulative dollar offset method. For this, the changes in the fair values of the hedged item and the 
hedging instrument attributable to spot rate changes are calculated and a ratio is created. If this ratio is between 80% and 125%, the hedge 
is effective. 

All material hedges were effective at the reporting date.

The following table indicates the periods in which the cash flows associated with Cochlear’s derivatives that are cash flow hedges are 
expected to occur: 

30 June 2013

Amounts $000

Forward exchange contracts

Assets

Liabilities

total

30 June 2012

Amounts $000

Forward exchange contracts

Assets

Liabilities

total

Carrying 
amount

Expected cash 
flows

6 months  
 or less

6 – 12 months

1 – 2  
years

2 – 5 
years

4,362

4,454

(28,134)

(29,081)

(23,772)

(24,627)

1,821

(7,097)

(5,276)

1,697

(7,999)

936

-

(9,980)

(4,005)

(6,302)

(9,044)

(4,005)

Carrying 
amount

Expected cash 
flows

6 months  
 or less

6 – 12 months

1 – 2  
years

2 – 5 
years

44,427

44,602

(141)

(141)

44,286

44,461

19,768

(53)

19,715

12,935

(48)

12,887

9,435

(23)

9,412

2,464

(17)

2,447

The expected impact on the income statement is not considered to be significantly different to the cash flow impact noted above.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Market risk

Currency risk

Exposure to currency risk
Cochlear’s exposure to foreign currency risk was as follows, based upon notional amounts:

Amounts local currency thousands

USD

EUR

GBP

SEK

JPY

30 June 2013

Trade receivables

Secured bank loans

Trade payables

Gross balance sheet exposure

62,627

38,978

-

(14,820)

47,807

-

(4,931)

34,047

3,211

-

6,100

669,529

-

(300,000)

(6,844)

(47,429)

(65,556)

(3,633)

(41,329)

303,973

Amounts local currency thousands

USD

EUR

GBP

SEK

JPY

30 June 2012

Trade receivables

Secured bank loans

Trade payables

Gross balance sheet exposure

55,311

35,053

2,368

6,039

539,297

-

(12,797)

42,514

-

(4,267)

30,786

-

-

(300,000)

(8,129)

(49,531)

(70,009)

(5,761)

(43,492)

169,288

Cochlear enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge anticipated sales and purchases in USD, EUR, SEK and JPY.

The amounts of forward cover taken are in accordance with approved policy and internal forecasts.

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

The following table sets out the gross value to be received (sell) under forward exchange contracts and the weighted average contracted 
exchange rates of outstanding contracts: 

Foreign exchange rates

Gross value

2013

2012

2013

$000

2012

$000

sell usd

Not later than one year

Later than one year but not later than two years

Later than two years but not later than five years

Weighted average exchange rates contracted

0.97

0.93

sell euR

Not later than one year

Later than one year but not later than two years

Later than two years but not later than five years

Weighted average exchange rates contracted

0.72

0.69

sell JpY

Not later than one year

Later than one year but not later than two years

Later than two years but not later than five years

Weighted average exchange rates contracted

83.72

75.98

The following significant exchange rates applied to Cochlear during the year:

142,467

159,957

71,113

20,256

77,290

23,768

113,740

59,473

15,111

9,246

4,960

1,259

132,671

72,903

28,689

7,540

4,317

1,821

AUD1 =

USD

EUR

GBP

SEK

JPY

Average rate

Reporting date spot rate

2013

1.022

0.794

0.654

6.796

2012

1.030

0.766

0.649

6.897

2013

0.928

0.711

0.603

6.239

89.349

81.109

90.666

2012

1.007

0.806

0.645

7.113

80.118

 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Interest rate risk
Profile
At the reporting date, the interest rate profile of Cochlear’s interest-bearing financial instruments was as follows:

carrying amount

Variable rate instruments

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

2013

$000

2012

$000

52,689

170,469

68,486

65,672

At 30 June 2013, no interest rate hedging had been entered into.

Sensitivity analysis
In managing interest rate and currency risks, Cochlear aims to reduce the impact of short-term fluctuations on Cochlear’s earnings. 
However, over the longer term, permanent changes in interest rates and foreign exchange will have an impact on profit.

For the year ended 30 June 2013, it is estimated that a general increase of one percent in interest rates would have decreased Cochlear’s 
profit after income tax and equity by approximately $0.6 million (2012: $0.1 million). A one percent general decrease in interest rates would 
have had the equal but opposite effect on Cochlear’s profit and equity.

It is estimated that a general increase of 10 percent in the value of the AUD against other foreign currencies would have decreased 
Cochlear’s profit for the year ended 30 June 2013, including hedging results and after income tax, by approximately $6.1 million (2012: 
$2.3 million) and decreased Cochlear’s equity by $14.5 million (2012: $2.3 million). A 10 percent general decrease in the value of the AUD 
against other foreign currencies would have increased Cochlear’s profit by $7.2 million (2012: $5.6 million) and increased equity by $14.2 
million (2012: $4.4 million).

fair values
The fair values of financial assets and liabilities, together with carrying amounts shown in the balance sheet, are as follows: 

2013

2012

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables – current 

Trade and other receivables – non-current

Trade and other payables – current

Trade and other payables – non-current

Secured bank loans – current

Secured bank loans – non-current(i)

total

Note

23(a)

12

12

17

17

18

18

Carrying 
amount 
$000

52,689

203,748

944

(96,789)

(13,242)

(3,309)

Fair value 

$000

52,689

203,748

944

Carrying 
amount 
$000

68,486

189,085

11,840

Fair value 

$000

68,486

189,085

11,840

(96,789)

(100,218)

(100,218)

(13,242)

(3,309)

(167,160)

(168,000)

(23,119)

(23,959)

(735)

(45,744)

(19,928)

102,786

(735)

(45,744)

(20,000)

102,714

(i) Included within the carrying amount of secured bank loans is an amount of $840,028 (2012: $71,875) in relation to unamortised loan establishment fees.

basis for determining fair values
The following summarises the significant methods and assumptions used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments reflected in 
the table above.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

Derivatives 
The fair value of forward exchange contracts is estimated by discounting the difference between the contractual forward price and the 
current forward price for the residual maturity of the contract using a risk interest free rate based on government bonds. These fair values 
are provided by independent third parties.

Non-derivative financial assets and liabilities
The fair value of cash, receivables, payables and short-term borrowings is considered to approximate their carrying amount because of their 
short maturity. 

The directors consider the carrying amount of long-term borrowings recorded in the financial statements approximates their fair value as 
interest rates on loans and borrowings are variable.

fair value hierarchy
The table below analyses financial instruments carried at fair value, by the levels in the value hierarchy. The different levels have been 
defined as follows:

•  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•  Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or 

indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 

•  Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

30 June 2013

derivative financial assets

Forward exchange contracts used for hedging

total assets

derivative financial liabilities

Forward exchange contracts used for hedging

Other forward exchange contracts

total liabilities

30 June 2012

derivative financial assets

Forward exchange contracts used for hedging

total assets

derivative financial liabilities

Forward exchange contracts used for hedging 

Other forward exchange contracts

total liabilities

Level 2

$000

4,362

4,362

(28,134)

(23)

(28,157)

44,427

44,427

(141)

(768)

(909)

Total

$000

4,362

4,362

(28,134)

(23)

(28,157)

44,427

44,427

(141)

(768)

(909)

There have been no transfers between levels during the year. There are no other financial instruments carried at fair value or valued using a Level 1 
or Level 3 valuation method. 

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

28. Events subsequent to the reporting date
Other than the matters noted below, there has not arisen in the interval between the reporting date and the date of this Financial Report, 
any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the directors of the Company, to significantly affect 
the operations of Cochlear, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of Cochlear in future financial years:

dividends
For dividends declared after 30 June 2013, see Note 9.

29. Product recall
On 11 September 2011, the Company initiated a worldwide voluntary recall of its unimplanted Nucleus CI500 cochlear implant range. The 
Company had identified a recent increase in the number of Nucleus CI512 implant failures. In the event of a Nucleus CI500 series implant 
failure, recipients may be re-implanted with the Nucleus CI24RE implant range which remains available and continues to be sold with 
Nucleus 5 externals.

Relevant healthcare professionals and regulatory authorities were advised of this action and management continued to work with  
these authorities. 

On 20 December 2011, the Company announced to healthcare professionals and the ASX that it had identified the root cause of the failures 
and continued to work on resolving the problem.

For the year ended 30 June 2012, $138.8 million was recognised as a charge to cost of sales in the income statement, representing 
management’s best estimate of probable costs based on current available data. This takes into account inventory write-downs, property, 
plant and equipment and intangible asset impairments, and warranty and other costs which include factors such as estimated return rates 
for the affected units, unit replacement costs, and consulting, logistical and administration expenses directly associated with the recall. 

Management has made judgements, estimates and assumptions related to probable costs arising from the recall which affect the reported 
amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual outcomes may differ from these estimates as further information is identified.

No further amount has been recognised as a charge in the year ended 30 June 2013.

A provision of $36.6 million (2012: $53.0 million) is included in current and non-current provisions related to the costs associated with the 
recall that are still to be incurred as at 30 June 2013.

Net profit includes the following items whose disclosure is relevant in explaining the financial performance of the Consolidated Entity:

product recall 

Write-down in value of inventories

Impairment of property, plant and equipment

Impairment of intangible assets

Provision for warranty and other costs

Total cost of sales – product recall 

Income tax benefit

total product recall cost after tax

2013

$000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2012

$000

34,859

14,006

13,840

76,130

138,835

(37,499)

101,336

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Notes to the Financial Statements  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

30. Parent entity disclosures
At, and throughout the financial year ended, 30 June 2013, the parent company of Cochlear was Cochlear Limited. 

Result of the parent entity

Net profit

Other comprehensive loss

total comprehensive income 

financial position of the parent entity at year end

Current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities

Total liabilities

total equity of the parent entity comprising of:

Issued capital

Treasury reserve

Hedging reserve

Share based payment reserve

Retained earnings

total equity

parent entity contingencies
The details of all contingent liabilities in respect to Cochlear Limited are disclosed in Note 21. 

parent entity capital commitments for acquisition of plant and equipment

plant and equipment

Contracted but not yet provided for and payable:

Within one year

total parent entity capital commitments for acquisition of plant and equipment

Company

2013

$000

158,414

(47,449)

110,965

197,014

636,642

110,457

382,022

128,196

(9,408)

(16,557)

35,838

116,551

2012

$000

28,445

(21,905)

6,540

195,340

606,049

181,887

320,353

125,865

(4,729)

30,892

35,837

97,831

254,620

285,696

Company

2013

$000

1,553

1,553

2012

$000

3,089

3,089

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Directors’ Declaration  Cochlear Limited and its controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2013

1. 

In the opinion of the directors of Cochlear Limited (the Company):

(a)   the consolidated financial statements and notes and the Remuneration Report in the Directors’ Report set out on  

pages 30 to 113, are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including:

(i)    giving a true and fair view of the Consolidated Entity’s financial position as at 30 June 2013 and of its performance  

for the financial year ended on that date; and

(ii)  complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001; and

(b)   there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due  

and payable.

2.  The directors have been given the declarations required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001 from the CEO/President 

and Chief Financial Officer for the financial year ended 30 June 2013.

3.  The directors draw attention to Note 2(a) to the consolidated financial statements, which includes a statement of compliance 

with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors:

Dated at Sydney this 19 day of August 2013.

Director 

Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Independent Audit Report  to the Members of Cochlear Limited

Report on the financial report
We have audited the accompanying financial report of Cochlear Limited (the Company), which comprises the consolidated balance sheet 
as at 30 June 2013, and consolidated income statement and consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement 
of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended on that date, notes 1 to 30 comprising a summary of 
significant accounting policies and other explanatory information and the directors’ declaration of the Consolidated Entity comprising the 
Company and the entities it controlled at year’s end or from the time during the financial year.

Directors’ responsibility for the financial report 
The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view in accordance with 
Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary 
to enable the preparation of the financial report that is free from material misstatement whether due to fraud or error. In note 2(a), the 
directors also state, in accordance with Australian Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that the financial 
statements of the Consolidated Entity comply with International Financial Reporting Standards.

Auditor’s responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial report based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian 
Auditing Standards. These Auditing Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements and 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial report is free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial report. The procedures 
selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial report, whether 
due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation of the 
financial report that gives a true and fair view in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the 
purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness 
of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the directors, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the financial report. 

We performed the procedures to assess whether in all material respects the financial report presents fairly, in accordance with the 
Corporations Act 2001 and Australian Accounting Standards, a true and fair view which is consistent with our understanding of the 
Consolidated Entity’s financial position and of its performance. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Independence
In conducting our audit, we have complied with the independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001.

Auditor’s opinion
In our opinion:

(a) the financial report of Cochlear Limited is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 

(i) 

 giving a true and fair view of the Consolidated Entity’s financial position as at 30 June 2013 and of its performance for the year 
ended on that date; and

(ii)   complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001.

(b) the financial report also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in note 2(a).

Report on the remuneration report
We have audited the remuneration report included in the directors’ report for the year ended 30 June 2013. The directors of the Company are 
responsible for the preparation and presentation of the remuneration report in accordance with Section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the remuneration report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards.

Auditor’s opinion
In our opinion, the remuneration report of Cochlear Limited for the year ended 30 June 2013, complies with Section 300A of the 
Corporations Act 2001.

KPMG 
Sydney, 19 August 2013 

Bruce Phillips, Partner

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Additional information required by Australian Securities Exchange Listing Rules and not disclosed elsewhere in this report – the information 
presented is as at 31 July 2013:

Number of ordinary shares held

6,478,080

3,534,289

3,185,723

13,198,092

%

11.36

6.20

5.58

23.14

Number of ordinary shareholders

shareholdings
Substantial shareholders

Shareholder

Baillie Gifford & Co

Wilson HTM Group Limited

Harding Loevner LP

total

Distribution of shareholders

Number of shares held

1 – 1,000

1,001 – 5,000

5,001 – 10,000

10,001 – 100,000

100,001 and over

total

Non-marketable parcels – 245 shareholders held less than a marketable parcel of ordinary shares

Twenty largest shareholders

Shareholder

HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited

National Nominees Limited 

JP Morgan Nominees Australia Limited 

Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited

JP Morgan Nominees Australia Limited (Cash income a/c)

BNP Paribas Noms Pty Ltd (DRP)

Dr Christopher Graham Roberts

HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited – a/c 2

HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited (NT-Comnwlth Super Corp a/c)

Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited (Colonial First State Inv a/c)

BNP Paribas Nominees Pty Ltd (Agency Lending Collateral)

HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited – GSCO ECA

Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited (BHP Billiton ADR Holders a/c)

UBS Nominees Pty Limited

RBC Investor Services Australia Nominees Pty Limited (Bkcust a/c)

BNP Paribas Nominees Pty Ltd (Agency Lending DRP a/c)

AMP Life Limited

Merrill Lynch (Australia) Nominees Pty Limited

Argo Investments Limited

Cochlear Incentive Plan Pty Limited

The 20 largest shareholders held 64.91% of the ordinary shares of the Company.

on market buy-back
There is no current on market buy-back.

Number of ordinary shares held

10,611,481

9,725,353

9,445,762

1,455,571

842,132

813,312

703,803

512,817

424,129

375,117

320,000

315,903

257,507

254,506

254,343

180,511

144,768

138,994

128,000

125,643

31,880

3,491

208

100

23

35,702

%

18.60

17.05

16.56

2.55

1.48

1.43

1.23

0.90

0.74

0.66

0.56

0.55

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.32

0.25

0.24

0.22

0.22

64.91

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Glossary, Company ASX Announcement Record and Company Information  

Glossary

aGM Annual General Meeting.
asIc Australian Securities and Investments Commission.
asx Australian Securities Exchange.
dps Dividends per share.
ebIt Earnings before interest and tax.
ebItda Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation  
and amortisation.
eMea Europe, Middle East and Africa.
eps Earnings per share.
f11 Financial Year 2011: 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2011.
f12 Financial Year 2012: 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2012.
f13 Financial Year 2013: 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2013.
f14 Financial Year 2014: 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014.

fda United States Food and Drug Administration.
fx Foreign exchange.
IfRs International Financial Reporting Standards.
kMp Key management personnel.
npat Net profit after tax.
previous Gaap Previous Australian Generally Accepted 
Accounting Principles.
processor/sound processor  
The externally worn part of the cochlear implant.
R&d Research and development.
tGa Therapeutic Goods Administration.
tsR Total shareholder return.
tuV Technical Überwachungs-Verein.

Company ASX Announcement Record

17 June 2013 

UBS Australian Healthcare Conference  
2013 presentation

Cochlear Limited CEO/President, Dr Chris 
Roberts, gave a presentation at the UBS 
Australian Healthcare Conference in Sydney 
on 17 June 2013. It was an update on Cochlear 
technologies and the product pipeline.

3 June 2013  
Market update 

Cochlear Limited updated the market on 
its next generation cochlear implant sound 
processor, Nucleus 6, and provided a trading 
update, which anticipated a lower than 
expected net profit after tax for F13.

12 March 2013  
Half year report 2013

Cochlear Limited provided an F13 half 
year report to shareholders listing half year 
revenues and sales.

5 february 2013  
First half revenue announcement

Cochlear Limited announced revenue up 
1% to $391.7 million, with sales up 9% in 
constant currency for the six months ended 31 

Non-IFRS financial measures 

December 2012. There was a net profit after 
tax of $77.7 million. The interim dividend of 
$1.25 per share was up 4%.

16 october 2012  
Chairman’s address 

Cochlear Limited Chairman, Mr Rick Holliday-
Smith, addressed shareholders at the Annual 
General Meeting.

7 august 2012  
Full year results for year ended 30 June 2012

Cochlear Limited announced revenue down 
4% to $779 million, with sales up 1% in 
constant currency. Net profit after tax was 
$56.8 million, including $101.3 million after-
tax recall costs. The final dividend was $1.25 
per share (35% franked), up 4%.

7 august 2012  
Update on voluntary recall

Cochlear Limited provided an update to 
shareholders on actions taken following the 
voluntary recall of the unimplanted Nucleus 
CI500 series implants. 

Given the significance of the product recall and FX movements the directors believe the presentation 
of non-IFRS financial measures is useful for the users of this document as they reflect the underlying 
financial performance of the business. 
The non-IFRS financial measures included in this document have been calculated on the following basis: 
• Excluding recall costs: IFRS measures adjusted for the costs of the product recall 
• Constant currency: restatement of IFRS financial measures in comparative years using F13 FX rates
•  Free cash flow: IFRS cash flow from operating and investing activities excluding interest and tax 

paid related to non-operating activities. 

The above non-IFRS financial measures have not been subject to review or audit. However, KPMG 
have separately undertaken a set of procedures to agree the non-IFRS financial measures disclosed 
to the books and records of the consolidated entity.

Company Information

stock exchange listing

Australian Securities Exchange

ASX code COH

solicitors

Clayton Utz

share registrar

Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited

Level 4, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia 
Tel: 61 3 9415 4000

auditor

KPMG

bankers

australia Westpac Banking Corporation  
and HSBC Bank Australia Limited

Japan The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Limited

sweden Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB (publ)

united kingdom HSBC Bank plc

united states Wells Fargo Bank West, NA

annual General Meeting

The Annual General Meeting will be held at 
10am on Tuesday 15 October 2013 at Australian 
Securities Exchange, Exchange Square Auditorium, 
20 Bridge Street, Sydney. A Notice of Meeting and 
Proxy Form are enclosed with this Annual Report.

financial calendar

2013

Final dividend record date 29 August 
Payment of final dividend 19 September 
Annual General Meeting 15 October

2014

Interim profit announcement 11 February* 
Interim dividend record date 6 March* 
Payment of interim dividend 27 March* 
Final profit announcement 5 August* 
Annual General Meeting 14 October*

* Indicative dates only.

ACE, Advance Off-Stylet, AOS, AutoNRT, Autosensitivity, 
Beam, Clinicnet, Cochlear, Codacs, Contour, Contour Advance, 
Custom Sound, DermaLock, ESPrit, Freedom, Hear now. And 
always, Hybrid, inHear, Invisible Hearing, MP3000, myCochlear, 
NRT, Nucleus, Nucleus in Chinese characters, Off-Stylet, 
SmartSound, Softip, SPrint, the elliptical logo and Whisper are 
either trademarks or registered trademarks of Cochlear Limited. 
Ardium, Baha, Baha Divino, Baha Intenso, Baha PureSound, 
Baha SoftWear and Vistafix are either trademarks or registered 
trademarks of Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AB.

design  
Cross Media Communications Pty Ltd

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        Cochlear Ltd (ABN 96 002 618 073) 1 University Avenue, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia   Tel: +61 2 9428 6555 Fax: +61 2 9428 6352
Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AB Konstruktionsvägen 14, SE – 435 33 Mölnlycke, Sweden  Tel: 46 31 792 4400  Fax: 46 31 792 46 95
Cochlear Americas 13059 E Peakview Avenue, Centennial, CO 80111, USA  Tel: +1 303 790 9010 Fax: +1 303 792 9025
Cochlear Canada Inc 2500-120 Adelaide Street West, Toronto, ON M5H 1T1, Canada  Tel: +1 416 972 5082 Fax: +1 416 972 5083
Cochlear AG EMEA Headquarters, Peter Merian-Weg 4, 4052 Basel, Switzerland  Tel: +41 61 205 0404 Fax: +41 61 205 0405
             Cochlear Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Karl-Wiechert-Allee 76A, 30625 Hannover, Germany  Tel: +49 511 542 770 Fax: +49 511 542 7770
Cochlear Europe Ltd 6 Dashwood Lang Road, Bourne Business Park, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 2HJ, United Kingdom  Tel: +44 1932 26 3400 Fax: +44 1932 26 3426
Cochlear Benelux NV Schaliënhoevedreef 20 i, B-2800 Mechelen, Belgium  Tel: +32 15 79 55 11 Fax: +32 15 79 55 70
Cochlear France S.A.S. Route de l’Orme aux Merisiers, Z.I. Les Algorithmes – Bât. Homère, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France  Tel: +33 805 200 016 Fax: +33 160 196 499
Cochlear Italia S.r.l. Via Larga 33, 40138 Bologna, Italy  Tel: +39 051 601 53 11 Fax: +39 051 39 20 62
Cochlear Nordic AB Konstruktionsvägen 14, 435 33 Mölnlycke, Sweden  Tel +46 31 335 14 61 Fax +46 31 335 14 60
Cochlear Tıbbi Cihazlar ve Sağlık Hizmetleri Ltd. Şti.  Çubuklu Mah. Boğaziçi Cad., Boğaziçi Plaza No: 6/1, Kavacık, TR-34805 Beykoz-Istanbul, Turkey 
Tel: +90 216 538 5900 Fax: +90 216 538 5919
Cochlear (HK) Limited Unit 1810, Hopewell Centre, 183 Queens Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong SAR  Tel: +852 2530 5773 Fax: +852 2530 5183
Cochlear Korea Ltd 1st floor, Cheongwon building, 828-5, Yuksam dong, Kangnam gu, Seoul, Korea  Tel: +82 2 533 4663 Fax: +82 2 533 8408
Cochlear Limited (Singapore Branch) 6 Sin Ming Road, #01-16 Sin Ming Plaza Tower 2, Singapore 575585  Tel: +65 6553 3814 Fax: +65 6451 4105
Cochlear Medical Device (Beijing) Co Ltd  Unit 2208 Gemdale Tower B, 91 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, P.R. China Tel: +86 10 5909 7800 
Fax: +86 10 5909 7900
Cochlear Medical Device Company India Pvt. Ltd.  Ground Floor, Platina Building, Plot No C-59, G-Block, Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (E), Mumbai – 400 051, 
India  Tel: +91 22 6112 1111 Fax: +91 22 6112 1100
Nihon Cochlear Co Ltd Ochanomizu-Motomachi Bldg, 2-3-7 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan  Tel: +81 3 3817 0241 Fax: +81 3 3817 0245

www.cochlear.com

© Cochlear Limited 2013

N462066-462199 ISS1 SEPT13