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Computer Programs and Systems

cpsi · NASDAQ Healthcare
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Ticker cpsi
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Healthcare
Industry Medical - Healthcare Information Services
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2017 Annual Report · Computer Programs and Systems
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2017 Annual Report

COMPANY PROFILE
CPSI is a leading provider of healthcare solutions and services for community hospitals and post-acute care facilities. Founded in 1979, 
CPSI is the parent of four companies – Evident, LLC, TruBridge, LLC, Healthland Inc. and American HealthTech, Inc. Our combined 
companies are focused on helping improve the health of the communities we serve, connecting communities for a better patient care 
experience, and improving the financial operations of our customers. Evident provides comprehensive EHR solutions and services for 
community hospitals and their affiliated clinics. TruBridge focuses on providing business, consulting and managed IT services along 
with its complete RCM solution for all care settings. Healthland provides integrated technology solutions and services to small rural 
and critical access hospitals. American HealthTech is one of the nation’s largest providers of financial and clinical technology solutions 
and services for post-acute care facilities. For more information, visit www.cpsi.com. 

ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of stockholders will be held April 30, 2018, at 8:00 a.m. Central Time, at The Battle House Renaissance 
Mobile Hotel & Spa, 26 North Royal Street, Mobile, Alabama.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

(In thousands, except per share data) 

Total sales revenue 

Total cost of sales 

  Gross profit 

Total operating expenses 

  Operating income 

Total other income (expense) 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

Provision for income taxes 

  Net income (loss) 

Net income (loss) per share – basic and diluted 

Weighted average shares outstanding:

  Basic  

  Diluted 

Year Ended December 31,

2017   

2016

$  276,927 

  125,630 

  151,297 

156,111 

(4,814) 

(8,669) 

(13,483) 

3,933 

$ 

$ 

(17,416) 

(1.27) 

$ 

$ 

13,419 

13,419 

$  267,272

  130,012

  137,260

  122,885

14,375

(6,389)

7,986

4,053

3,933

0.29

13,255

13,255

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TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS: 

We are proud to report a solid performance for CPSI in 2017, as we consolidated our operations 
following the 2016 acquisition of Healthland and its affiliates, and focused on a strategic direction 
to build greater  value  across  the  CPSI family  of companies.   Our results for the  year,  and the 
momentum we are building in the marketplace, reflect consistent execution in our evolution as a 
community  healthcare  solutions  company.    Even  with  considerable  headwinds  and  constant 
changes surrounding the healthcare industry, we affirmed our leadership position with a shared 
vision  across  our  family  of  companies  to  meet  our  primary  objectives  -  to  build  healthy 
communities and deliver value to our shareholders. 

Since  inception,  CPSI  has  enjoyed  a  favorable  reputation  as  a  trusted  partner  to  community 
hospitals across the United States, providing innovative technology solutions and services that 
support our clients’ success.  Our family of companies is focused on improving the overall health 
of the communities we serve, connecting healthcare communities for a better patient experience, 
and improving the financial operations of our clients.  As we look back at 2017, we are proud of 
the continued affirmation that we are meeting these objectives.  Today, more than 4,300 acute 
and post-acute care facilities nationwide employ solutions from the CPSI family of companies.  As 
the healthcare industry transitions its focus from electronic health record (EHR) implementation 
to optimization, value-based reimbursement, care coordination and interoperability, our strategy 
is to remain at the forefront of helping our clients navigate through and respond to these changes. 

We  reported  total  revenues  of  $276.9  million  for  2017,  up  3.6  percent  compared  with  2016.  
Notably, nearly 80 percent of our revenues were recurring in nature, providing greater financial 
stability  and  visibility  going  forward.    Our  sales  were  propelled  by  strong  consolidated  annual 
bookings  of  $108.9  million,  a  10.5  percent  increase  over  2016.    Our  continued  execution  with 
EHR system sales and impressive momentum with the business management, consulting, and 
managed information technology (IT) services and revenue cycle management (RCM) solutions 
provided by TruBridge were the key drivers of our revenue growth.  

During the fourth quarter, we recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $28.0 million 
related to our post-acute care business, American HealthTech (AHT).  While we remain confident 
that AHT has the potential to drive further growth for CPSI, we believe a multi-year development 
investment is necessary to realize that potential.  Inclusive of this one-time accounting charge, 
we reported a GAAP net loss of $17.4 million for 2017.  Non-GAAP net income for the year was 
$23.8 million, or $1.77 per diluted share, compared with $22.6 million, or $1.71 per diluted share, 
last year.  (See the back of this report for a reconciliation of each of non-GAAP net income and 
non-GAAP earnings per share to its GAAP equivalent.)  For 2017, cash provided by operations 
was  $23.6  million  compared  with  $2.1  million  in  2016.    The  strength  in  operating  cash  flows 
resulted  in  net  repayments  of  bank  debt  of  over  $12.0  million  in  2017,  nearly  double  the 
requirements  of  our  term  loan  repayment  obligation.    This  action  is  commensurate  with  our 
commitment to reducing our overall leverage on an expedited basis.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  took  important  steps  in  2017  to  revise  our  capital  allocation  strategy  to  support  our  future 
growth.  In furtherance of this goal, we amended our credit agreement in October, an important 
milestone that created greater flexibility in the deployment of capital through covenant relief and 
more favorable terms and pricing.  We believe the ability to execute this amendment reflects the 
confidence that our banking partners have in the stability and future of CPSI.  In addition, after 
careful  consideration,  we  made  the  strategic  decision  to  adjust  the  quarterly  cash  dividend  to 
$0.10 per share.  Returning a dividend to our shareholders remains an important part of our overall 
capital  allocation  strategy.    However,  this  adjustment  will  allow  us  to  still  meet  our  dividend 
commitment,  while providing  additional flexibility  to invest  in solutions  and  services  across  our 
family of companies, and create greater long-term value for our company and our shareholders.  
For 2017, we returned $11.6 million in dividends to our shareholders. 

Our acute care EHR platform, Thrive, sold under our wholly owned subsidiary, Evident, addresses 
the  entire  continuum  of  patient  care,  allowing  providers  to  coordinate  care  across  the  major 
settings  where  healthcare  services  are  being  delivered.    Our  Thrive  implementations  for  2017 
included a significant number of clients who elected to stay on schedule with the meaningful use 
program, as well as new system sales.  With our fully integrated solution, we have established a 
strong competitive advantage that continues to resonate in the marketplace.  Importantly, our new 
sales for 2017 were to a mix of hospitals choosing CPSI for the first time, as well as to hospitals 
that have returned to CPSI after working with another vendor that simply does not have the same 
value proposition and track record created by our nearly 40 years of experience.  Additionally, we 
continue  to  support  our  clients  with  a  high-touch  level  of  support,  service  and  ongoing 
communication, resulting in a strong 96 percent retention rate for our Thrive clients and 93 percent 
for our Centriq clients that joined our family following the acquisition of Healthland.   

In 2017, TruBridge continued to serve as a strong growth vehicle for CPSI with annual bookings 
of $31.4 million, an impressive 41 percent increase compared with the previous year, including 
two of our largest contracts in history for our TruBridge RCM solution.  A significant portion of this 
bookings growth was derived from cross-selling efforts into our client base across the CPSI family 
of companies.  We view cross sales of TruBridge solutions within our existing EHR client base as 
our leading performance indicator.  Our TruBridge offerings deliver added value to our acute and 
post-acute EHR platforms and further support client retention for our entire family of companies.  
However, we also realized a 37 percent increase in TruBridge revenue associated with clients 
from  outside  the  CPSI  client  base,  another  promising  trend.    As  we  continue  to  expand  our 
footprint, we expect to see this percentage grow, fueled by strong demand for our RCM product, 
as well as accounts receivable management services, private pay services, medical coding and 
cloud hosting.   

We are especially proud that The Healthcare Financial Management Association (HFMA) recently 
reviewed  the  TruBridge  RCM  product  using  the  Peer  Review  process,  awarding  the  “Peer 
Reviewed  by  HFMA®”  designation  in  January  2018.    HFMA's  Peer  Review  process  provides 
healthcare financial managers with an objective, third-party evaluation of business solutions used 
in the healthcare workplace.  The rigorous, 11-step process includes a panel review comprising 
current  customers,  prospects  who  have  not  made  a  purchase,  and  industry  experts,  and  its 
performance claims are based on effectiveness, quality and usability, price, value, and customer 
and technical support.  This designation is a testament to the strength of our RCM product and 
an important milestone for TruBridge, as only a small percentage of RCM providers have been 
awarded this designation. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
The  advancement  of  technology  will  always  be  at  the  forefront  of  successful  healthcare  IT 
vendors, and CPSI is a proven leader in driving innovation and collaboration.  Providing our clients 
with meaningful tools and solutions that are developed with their input is paramount to our product 
development  strategy.    In  line  with  this  objective,  we  unveiled  the  Business  Intelligence 
Dashboard, the newest offering from TruBridge, to more than 1,000 attendees at the 2017 CPSI 
Annual User Conference held in May.  Developed in collaboration with our clients, the Business 
Intelligence  Dashboard  incorporates  several  features  designed  to  streamline  and  optimize  the 
user  experience,  including  customizable  intuitive  dashboards  to  better  evaluate  organizational 
performance, precisely analyze financial, operational and clinical data and evaluate trends with 
complete EHR integration.  Early response to this offering has been very  positive, as we have 
followed  a  phased  approach  to  the  development  and  release  of  specific  patient  care-focused 
analytical  insights.    These  development  efforts  are  expected  to  enhance  our  add-on  sales 
pipeline, and we are excited about the opportunities for this innovative new cornerstone of our 
population health solutions. 

CPSI is also bringing its leadership and experience to the value-based care arena, demonstrating 
our ability to offer innovative community healthcare solutions beyond traditional IT services.  In 
today’s environment, community hospitals have found the most efficient path for transition to a 
value-based model is through an accountable care organization, (ACO), or groups of primary care 
physicians, specialists, local hospitals and other providers working together to improve the overall 
health of a defined population.  In January 2017, we announced the CPSI Rural ACO through a 
strategic  partnership  with  Caravan  Health,  the  market  leader  in  rural  ACOs  and  value-based 
payments.  We are proud to report the initial demand has been very favorable.  As of January 
2018, we officially launched our three-year, ACO program with 30 healthcare facilities that make 
up four ACOs.  We are excited about partnering with  more community healthcare leaders and 
providers and providing a best-practice, highly engaged process that supports each community. 
By working together, CPSI and Caravan Health are combining our best collective expertise and 
experience and providing the tailored tools and training needed to transform healthcare delivery 
in more communities. 

As  the  CPSI  family  of  companies  continues  to  move  forward,  we  have  also  enhanced  our 
leadership structure to support our expanded scale and market reach.  During the fourth quarter, 
we  increased  the  size  of  our  Board  of  Directors  from  seven  to  ten  members.    Our  three  new 
members  represent  a  high  caliber  of  talent  and  bring  significant  healthcare  and  corporate 
governance experience to CPSI.  Dr. Regina Benjamin was United States Surgeon General from 
2009  to  2013  and  is  currently  a  non-executive  director  of  Diplomat  Pharmacy,  Inc,  Kaiser 
Foundation  Hospitals  and  Health  Plan,  and  ConvaTec.    Denise  Warren  is  the  executive  vice 
president  and  chief  operating  officer  of  WakeMed  Health  &  Hospitals,  a  919-bed  healthcare 
system  with multiple facilities  in the  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  area.    Glenn Tobin  most  recently 
served as executive vice president of The Advisory Board Company, a research, technology and 
consulting  firm  serving  the  healthcare  and  education  industries.    Additionally,  we  designated 
Charles Huffman, a CPSI director since 2004, as Lead Independent Director.  We look forward to 
working together with this very capable group of directors, and we are confident their exceptional 
wisdom,  vision  and  insight  will  be  instrumental  in  ensuring  the  Company’s  future  growth  and 
success. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Looking ahead, we have many reasons to be optimistic about CPSI's future, and we enter 2018 
with the right strategy, scale and integrated solutions and services to be successful in a dynamic 
marketplace.    We  are  pleased  with  the  momentum  in  our  business,  and  we  expect  to  see 
continued favorable sales trends for new EHR systems in the near term, with a growing pipeline 
of hospitals looking to replace legacy products from other vendors.  We also look for continued 
revenue associated with meaningful use implementations and accelerated TruBridge growth in 
the year ahead.  And, with our ongoing strategic investments in the right technologies, analytics, 
and  patient  engagement  and  population  health  management  tools  for  today’s  value-based 
reimbursement world, CPSI has a strong competitive advantage.  More than any other vendor, 
we understand the unique infrastructure and technology support required by community hospitals.  
Above all, we recognize that our people are our most valuable asset.  We have an exceptional 
team of employees across the CPSI family of companies with an unwavering commitment to our 
clients’  success  and  a  shared  vision  to  advance  our  role  as  a  leading  community  healthcare 
solutions company.  With the leadership of an experienced Board of Directors and management 
team,  we  will  continue  to  pursue  a  strategic  direction  that  delivers  greater  value  to  our 
shareholders and the communities we serve. 

Thank you for the support your investment provides. 

J. Boyd Douglas 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

    FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 
OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

    FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM              TO             .

Commission file number: 000-49796

COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

6600 Wall Street, Mobile, Alabama
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

74-3032373
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

36695
(Zip Code)

(251) 639-8100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, par value $.001 per share

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 

    No  

    No  

of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to 
such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data 

File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for 
such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be 
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K 
or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting 

company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," accelerated filer” and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
(Check one):

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Emerging Growth Company

  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  Accelerated filer

  Smaller reporting company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  
The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at June 30, 2017 was $272,103,191.
As of March 12, 2018, the registrant had outstanding 14,085,989 shares of its common stock.

    No  

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS FORM 10-K:
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this 

report to the extent described herein.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Item No.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

1

Business

PART I

Page No.

Overview
Industry Dynamics
Our Solutions
Strategy
Our Products and Services
Product Development and Enhancement
System Implementation and Training
Customers, Sales and Marketing
Backlog
Competition
Health Information Security and Privacy Practices
Intellectual Property
Employees
Executive Officers
Company Web Site

Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
Other Information

PART III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services

1A.
1B.
2
3
4

5

6
7

7A.
8
9

9A.
9B.

10
11
12

13
14

15
SIGNATURES

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

*

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference
into Part III of this report to the extent described herein.

i

1
1
1
3
3
5
11
12
13
14
14
16
16
17
17
18
19
34
34
34
34

35
36

37
53
54

89
89
90

91
91

91
91
91

92
92

 
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the "safe harbor" 
provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can be identified 
generally by the use of forward-looking terminology and words such as "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," "believes," 
"predicts," "intends," "plans," "potential," "may," "continue," "should," "will" and words of comparable meaning. Without 
limiting the generality of the preceding statement, all statements in this Annual Report relating to estimated and projected 
earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and future financial results are forward-looking statements. We 
caution investors that any such forward-looking statements are only predictions and are not guarantees of future performance. 
Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-
looking statements. Such factors may include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

overall business and economic conditions affecting the healthcare industry, including the effects of the federal 
healthcare reform legislation enacted in 2010, and implementing regulations, on the businesses of our hospital 
customers;

government regulation of our products and services and the healthcare and health insurance industries, including 
changes in healthcare policy affecting Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rates and qualifying technological 
standards;

changes in customer purchasing priorities, capital expenditures and demand for information technology systems;

saturation of our target market and hospital consolidations;

general economic conditions, including changes in the financial and credit markets that may affect the availability and 
cost of credit to us or our customers;

our substantial indebtedness, and our ability to incur additional indebtedness in the future;

our potential inability to generate sufficient cash in order to meet our debt service obligations;

restrictions on our current and future operations because of the terms of our senior secured credit facilities;

•  market risks related to interest rate changes;

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

competition with companies that have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we have;

failure to develop new technology and products in response to market demands;

failure of our products to function properly resulting in claims for medical and other losses;

breaches of security and viruses in our systems resulting in customer claims against us and harm to our reputation;

failure to maintain customer satisfaction through new product releases free of undetected errors or problems;

interruptions in our power supply and/or telecommunications capabilities, including those caused by natural disaster;

our ability to attract and retain qualified client service and support personnel;

failure to properly manage growth in new markets we may enter;

•  misappropriation of our intellectual property rights and potential intellectual property claims and litigation against us;

• 

• 

• 

changes in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America;

significant charge to earnings if our goodwill or intangible assets become impaired; and

fluctuations in quarterly financial performance due to, among other factors, timing of customer installations.

For more information about the risks described above and other risks affecting us, see "Risk Factors" beginning on page 

19 of this Annual Report. We also caution investors that the forward-looking information described herein represents our 
outlook only as of this date, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events 
or developments after the date of this Annual Report.

i

 
ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

Overview

PART I

Computer Programs and Systems, Inc ("we," "CPSI" or the "Company"), founded in 1979, is a leading provider of 
healthcare solutions and services for community hospitals and post-acute care facilities. CPSI offers its products and services 
through four wholly-owned companies - Evident, LLC ("Evident"), TruBridge, LLC ("TruBridge"), Healthland Inc. 
("Healthland"), and American HealthTech, Inc. ("AHT"). Our family of companies is focused on improving the health of the 
communities we serve, connecting communities for a better patient care experience, and improving the financial operations of 
our clients. The individual contributions of each of these companies towards this combined focus are as follows:

•  Evident, formed in April 2015, provides a comprehensive acute care electronic health record ("EHR") solution, Thrive, 

and related services for community hospitals and their physician clinics.

•  Healthland provides a comprehensive acute care EHR solution, Centriq, and related services for community hospitals 

and their physician clinics. 

•  TruBridge focuses on providing business management, consulting, and managed IT services, along with its complete 
revenue cycle management ("RCM") solution for all care settings, regardless of their primary healthcare information 
solutions provider.

•  AHT provides a comprehensive post-acute care EHR solution and related services for skilled nursing and assisted 

living facilities.

Our companies currently support approximately 1,100 acute care facilities and approximately 3,500 post-acute care 
facilities with a geographically diverse customer mix within the domestic community healthcare market. The Company has a 
limited presence in the international healthcare IT marketplace, with one client in the Caribbean nation of St. Maarten.

Our target market for our acute care solutions includes community hospitals with 200 or fewer acute care beds. Our 
primary focus within this defined target market is on hospitals with 100 or fewer beds, which comprise approximately 94% of 
our acute care hospital EHR customer base. Our target market for our TruBridge services includes community hospitals with 
300 or fewer acute care beds. The target market for our post-acute care solutions consists of over 15,000 long-term and skilled 
nursing facilities. During 2017, we generated revenues of $276.9 million from the sale of our products and services.

Industry Dynamics

The healthcare industry is the largest industry in the United States economy, comprising approximately 17.9% of the U.S. 
gross domestic product in 2016 according to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS"). CMS estimates that by 
fiscal 2026, total U.S. healthcare spending will reach $5.7 trillion, or 19.7% of the estimated U.S. gross domestic product.

Hospital services represents one of the largest categories of total healthcare expenditures, comprising approximately 
32.4% of total healthcare expenditures in 2016 according to the CMS. According to the American Hospital Association’s AHA 
Hospital Statistics, 2018 Edition, there are approximately 3,500 community hospitals in the United States that are in our target 
market of hospitals with 200 or fewer beds, with approximately 2,600 of those in our primary area of focus of 100 or fewer 
acute care beds. In addition, there is a market of small specialty hospitals that focus on discrete medical areas such as surgery, 
rehabilitation and long-term acute care.

Notwithstanding the size and importance of the healthcare industry within the United States economy, the industry is 
constantly challenged by changing economic dynamics, increased regulation and pressure to improve the quality of healthcare. 
These challenges are particularly significant for the hospitals in our target market due to their more limited financial and human 
resources and their dependency on Medicare and Medicaid populations for a substantial portion of their revenue. However, we 
believe healthcare providers can successfully address these issues with the help of advanced medical information systems and 
our suite of complementary services. Specific examples of the challenges and opportunities facing healthcare providers include 
the following:

Changing Economic Dynamics. The economy of the healthcare industry, although not immune to general macroeconomic 

conditions, is heavily impacted by legislative and regulatory initiatives of the federal and state governments. These legislative 
and regulatory initiatives have a particularly significant impact on our customer base, as community hospitals typically generate 
a significant portion of their revenues from beneficiaries of the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Consequently, even small 

1

changes in these federal and state programs have a disproportionately larger effect on community hospitals as compared to 
larger facilities where greater portions of their revenues are typically generated from beneficiaries of private insurance 
programs. Medicare and Medicaid funding and reimbursements fluctuate year to year and, with the growth in healthcare costs, 
will continue to be scrutinized as the federal and state governments attempt to control the costs and growth of the program. The 
Medicaid program, which is a federal/state program managed by the individual states and dependent in part on funding from the 
states, also continues to experience funding issues due to the increasing cost of healthcare and limited state revenues.

Mandatory cuts in federal spending resulting from the Budget Control Act of 2011 (the "Budget Control Act") became 
effective in March 2013. Although Medicaid is specifically exempted from the cuts mandated by the legislation, the Budget 
Control Act includes a reduction of up to 2% in federal Medicare spending, which has been achieved by reduced 
reimbursements to healthcare providers. Additionally, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, more commonly referred 
to as the Affordable Care Act (the "ACA"), has put into effect a number of provisions designed to reduce Medicare and 
Medicaid program spending by significant amounts. As the federal government seeks in the future to further limit deficit 
spending due to fiscal restraints, it will likely continue to cut entitlement spending programs such as Medicare and Medicaid 
matching grants, which will place further cost pressures on hospitals and other healthcare providers. Furthermore, federal and 
state budget shortfalls could lead to potential reductions in funding for Medicare and Medicaid. Further reductions in 
reimbursements from Medicare and Medicaid could lead to hospitals postponing expenditures on information technology.

While legislative and regulatory initiatives are placing significant pressure on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements, 
our customer base of community hospitals is also likely faced with increases in demand for Medicare and Medicaid services. 
We expect that the demand for Medicare and Medicaid services will increase for the foreseeable future due to the growing 
number of people born during the post-World War II baby boom that are becoming eligible for Medicare benefits at age 65, as 
well as states electing to expand Medicaid coverage under the provisions of the ACA. The challenges posed by this dual-threat 
of increased demand for Medicare and Medicaid services and downward pressure on reimbursements are further complicated 
by the shift away from volume-based reimbursement towards value-based reimbursement, linking reimbursement to quality 
measurements and outcomes.

To compete in the continually changing healthcare environment, providers are increasingly using technology in order to 

help maximize the efficiency of their business practices, to assist in enhancing patient care, and to maintain the privacy and 
security of patient information. Healthcare providers are placing increased demands on their information systems to accomplish 
these tasks. We believe that information systems must facilitate management of patient information across administrative, 
financial and clinical tasks. Information systems must also effectively interface with a variety of payor organizations within the 
increasingly complex reimbursement environment.

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. In 2009, the U.S. federal government enacted the American 
Recovery and Reinvestment Act (the "ARRA"), which included the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical 
Health Act ("HITECH").  HITECH authorized the EHR incentive program, which provided significant incentive funding to 
physicians and hospitals that can prove they have adopted and are appropriately using technology such as our EHR solutions.  
The level to which healthcare providers must prove they are effectively utilizing such solutions in order to qualify for these 
incentives is measured through an escalating criteria designated as "meaningful use." As a result of our obtaining the required 
certifications and our track record with our hospital customers successfully achieving meaningful use, the ARRA continues to 
have a positive impact on our business and the businesses of the community hospitals that comprise our target market.

Continued Push for Improved Patient Care. With the increased pressure to reduce medical errors and improve patient 

safety, driven in part by the general shift towards value-based reimbursement, hospitals are actively seeking information 
technology solutions for clinical decision support. This migration toward clinical decision support solutions is further supported 
by the ARRA. Provisions of the ARRA offered incentives for hospitals to become meaningful users of EHRs through 
September 2015. Hospitals and healthcare providers that did not implement and demonstrate meaningful use of EHRs by 
October 1, 2014 were penalized with lower Medicare payment levels after that date.

In the face of decreasing revenue and increasing pressure to improve patient care, healthcare providers are in need of 
management tools and related services that (1) increase efficiency in the delivery of healthcare services, (2) reduce medical 
errors, (3) effectively track the cost of delivering services so that those costs can be properly managed and (4) increase the 
speed and rate of reimbursement. A hospital’s failure to adequately invest in a modern medical information system could result 
in fewer patient referrals, cost inefficiencies, lower than expected reimbursement, increased malpractice risk and possible 
regulatory infractions.

Despite challenging economic conditions, we believe the industry has increased and will continue to increase its adoption 

of information technology as a management tool, particularly as a result of the ARRA. Additionally, we believe that the 

2

industry will continue to increase its utilization of third party services that contribute to the achievement of these and other 
objectives necessary for success in the current environment. We believe these dynamics should allow for future revenue growth 
for both our information technology solutions and our complementary suite of services.

Our Solutions

We have tailored information technology solutions that effectively address the specific needs of small and midsize 
hospitals. Due to their smaller operating budgets, community hospitals have limited financial and human resources to operate 
manual or inefficient information systems. However, these hospitals are expected to achieve the same quality of care and 
regulatory compliance as larger hospitals, placing them in a particularly difficult operating environment. These pressures on the 
operating environments of community hospitals were increased with the passage of the ARRA in 2009 which, in addition to 
providing incentives to healthcare providers to achieve meaningful use of EHR, has resulted in lowered Medicare payment 
levels for healthcare providers that have yet to achieve meaningful use of EHR.

We believe that our information technology solutions meet these challenges facing community hospitals by providing 
fully integrated, enterprise-wide and ARRA-certified medical information systems and services that are compliant with the 
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 ("HIPAA") and that collect, process, retain and report data in the 
primary functional areas of a hospital, from patient care to clinical processing to administration and accounting. As a key 
component of our complete solutions, we provide ongoing customer service through regular interaction with clients, client user 
groups and extensive client support. Further, through our wholly-owned subsidiary, TruBridge, we offer business management, 
consulting and managed IT services, along with its full RCM solution, that allow our acute and post-acute care clients to 
outsource all or just a portion of the revenue cycle function. Consulting and other services help clients avoid some of the fixed 
costs of a business office and leverage our expertise and resources in helping them identify their IT objectives, define the best 
way to meet those requirements and manage the resulting projects and associated technologies. As a result, we are capable of 
providing a single-source solution to healthcare organizations, making us a partner in their initiatives to improve operations and 
medical care.

Our clients continually communicate with us through our support teams and through organized user groups, allowing us 

to continue to provide state-of-the-art solutions that meet their specific needs. By remaining sensitive and responsive to the 
ever-changing demands of our clients and regularly updating our products, we believe that we provide information technology 
solutions that meet the needs of community hospitals. Our business has continued to grow because we have successfully 
provided fully integrated, enterprise-wide information systems that allow community hospitals to improve operating 
effectiveness, reduce costs and improve the quality of patient care.

In January 2013, we formed TruBridge as a wholly-owned subsidiary focusing exclusively on providing business 
management, consulting and managed IT services to community healthcare organizations. While our traditional client base for 
these services has been those community healthcare organizations who have selected CPSI as their single-source healthcare 
information solutions provider, the formation of TruBridge has allowed for an improved focus of our marketing and service 
delivery resources and has assisted us in expanding the client base for these service offerings to all community healthcare 
organizations, regardless of their primary healthcare information solutions provider.

In April 2015, we announced the formation of Evident, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CPSI. Evident provides EHR 

solutions previously sold under the CPSI name as well as an expanded range of offerings specifically targeting community 
healthcare organizations. Our objectives with the creation of Evident are to further differentiate our system and support 
offerings in our core target market, broaden the positioning of our EHR solution and offer a new range of solutions to address 
current and upcoming needs of community healthcare providers. With the formation of Evident came the introduction of our 
EHR solution under the name Thrive and our unique collaborative support model under the name LikeMind.

January 2016 marked an important milestone for CPSI, as we announced the completion of our acquisition of Healthland 

Holding Inc. ("HHI"), the first major acquisition in the Company's history. The acquisition of HHI and its wholly-owned 
subsidiaries:

• 

• 

• 

has strengthened our position in providing healthcare information systems to community healthcare organizations 
through the addition of Healthland;

introduced CPSI to the post-acute market through the addition of AHT; and

expanded the products and capabilities of TruBridge through the addition of Rycan and its suite of RCM products.

3

Strategy

Our objective is to continue to increase our share of the EHR and healthcare services markets for community healthcare 

providers. The healthcare industry is in the midst of transitioning its focus from EHR implementations as a result of meaningful 
use to EHR optimization, value-based reimbursement, care coordination and interoperability. Our strategy is to position our 
services and solutions with community healthcare providers so that they are able to respond to these changes positively by 
enabling them to improve community health and connect providers and patients within the community and with other 
communities, while improving financial operations. We intend to leverage several strengths to accomplish this goal.

Market Share/Scale  

Our solutions and services are used by approximately 1,100 facilities which represents approximately 26% of all inpatient 

acute care community hospitals nationally and approximately 31% of the market of community hospitals with 200 or fewer 
beds. Our post-acute care EHR is used by approximately 3,500 skilled nursing facilities, which represents an approximately 
23% market share. In 2015, our EHRs addressed more than 18 million patient encounters. We believe the size of our client base 
and scale of our development and client support resources is a positive factor for community healthcare providers looking for a 
long term partner with a proven track record in meeting the unique needs of community healthcare.

EHR Solutions Across the Care Continuum

Our EHR solutions address the entire continuum of care, with systems that address the three primary care settings: 

ambulatory care, inpatient acute care and post-acute care. This enables providers to coordinate patient care across the major 
settings where care is delivered. New payment models in both the government and private payer sectors are focused on 
payment for delivering quality outcomes and keeping patients well while still delivering financial efficiencies. These financial 
efficiencies are realized through the elimination of duplicate tests performed in different care settings as well as providing 
timely access to clinical information from other care settings, when making diagnostic decisions. Having integrated solutions 
across the care continuum facilitates this process for providers and healthcare organizations.

Solutions and Services to Address Value-Based Reimbursement

With the continued emphasis on value-based reimbursement models, data analytics has become a critical tool for 
community healthcare providers to enable them to shift from reactive to proactive care delivery. We currently offer business 
intelligence as the first facet of a three-phase approach to analytics solutions, which we plan to expand to include predictive and 
prescriptive analytics. Because of the complexity inherent in data analytics, we will provide services to healthcare providers to 
assist them with certain aspects of data modeling and data analysis.

Interoperability

We currently provide integration across our ambulatory and inpatient EHR solutions. This integration was expanded to 

encompass our post-acute care EHR product in 2016. In addition, as a founding member of the CommonWell Health Alliance, 
we enable healthcare organizations to identify, confirm and link patient encounters across the CommonWell network. This 
translates into patient data that is not only shareable within communities but across communities as well.

Focus on the Financial Health of Community Healthcare Providers

Given the ongoing transition to value-based reimbursement models, community healthcare providers are under more 
financial pressure than ever before. Our accounts receivable management services incorporate proven workflow and processes 
as well as industry leading revenue cycle management tools. A new aspect of many current payment models is an increasing 
shift of the financial burden to the patient. Community hospitals typically underperform in private pay collections because of 
the nature of community healthcare but cannot afford to forego the patient portion of contributions. Through our private pay 
services, providers can bring in much needed private pay receipts without alienating the local community.

Our operational expertise and technology tools provide proven results in improving claim acceptance rates, accelerating 

payments from third party payers and increasing private pay collections. We also differentiate our services by working to 
maintain employment in the community by hiring local provider employees to continue their role under our services program.

4

Explore Additional Revenue Streams that Complement Existing Markets, Solutions and Services

In the EHR space, we are selling our ambulatory EHR solutions on a standalone basis with a focus on communities that 

already have one of our EHR solutions installed in an acute care setting. Also, we are actively pursuing expansion of our 
inpatient EHR product into the Canadian market through our own direct efforts and collaboration with key Canadian 
technology providers. In the United States EHR market, we are targeting other types of providers who have lagged behind 
inpatient acute care in EHR adoption such as ambulatory surgery centers, behavioral health facilities and inpatient psychiatric 
hospitals. In the post-acute care market, we are now providing an EHR solution for assisted living facilities in conjunction with 
our own post-acute care EHR for skilled nursing operators. In the services business we will continue to look for opportunities to 
add or increase services resulting from changing market dynamics, availability of technology or operational expertise, or 
changes in regulatory requirements. 

In an effort to expand revenue streams outside our traditional models, we have partnered with Caravan Health to form the 

CPSI ACOs powered by Caravan Health. Accountable Care Organizations ("ACOs") are groups of healthcare providers who 
come together voluntarily to give coordinated high quality care to Medicare patients. ACOs are seeing increased popularity in 
the US healthcare market due to the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 ("MACRA"). MACRA is a 
quality payment model adopted in 2015 to replace the Sustainable Growth Rate model for paying physicians for treating 
Medicare patients. Under MACRA, providers are required over time to move to Advance Alternative Payment Models that 
measure quality and savings and then reimburse providers on those factors based on how they compare on a percentage basis 
with other providers nationally. Caravan Health has an industry leading track record in establishing successful ACOs that 
participate in the Medicare Shared Savings Program. CPSI has partnered with Caravan to establish ACOs specific to 
community providers. CPSI partners with Caravan to provide services to the ACOs at a reduced rate in return for a percentage 
share of the savings that are returned to the providers through their successful participation in the Medicare Shared Savings 
program. Not only does this represent a potential on-going income stream to CPSI, but it also contributes to the overall 
financial health of the healthcare providers in the community as well.

Our Products and Services

Acute Care Software Systems

Through our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Evident and Healthland, we offer healthcare information technology solutions 

specifically designed to cater to the specific needs of community hospital organizations. 

Evident

Formed in April 2015, Evident provides EHR solutions previously sold under the CPSI name as well as an expanded 

range of offerings targeted specifically at community healthcare organizations. With the formation of Evident came the 
introduction of our EHR solution under the name Thrive, through which we offer a full array of software applications 
designed to streamline the flow of information to the primary functional areas of community hospitals using one fully 
integrated system. We intend to continue to enhance our existing software applications and develop new applications as 
required by evolving industry standards and the changing needs of our clients. Pursuant to our client support agreements, 
we provide our clients with software enhancements and upgrades periodically on a when-and-if-available basis. See 
"Support and Maintenance Services." These enhancements enable each client, regardless of its original installation date, to 
have the benefit of the most advanced Evident products available. Evident's software applications within Thrive:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

provide automated processes that improve clinical workflow and support clinical decision-making;

allow healthcare providers to efficiently input and easily access the most current patient medical data in order 
to improve quality of care and patient safety;

integrate clinical, financial and patient information to promote efficient use of time and resources, while 
eliminating dependence on paper medical records;

provide tools that permit healthcare organizations to analyze past performance, model new plans for the future 
and measure and monitor the effectiveness of those plans;

provide for rapid and cost-effective implementation, whether through the installation of an in-house system or 
through our Software as a Service ("SaaS") services; and

increase the flow of information by replacing centralized data over which there is limited control with broad-
based, secure access by clinical and administrative personnel to data relevant to their functional areas.

5

Our software applications within Thrive are grouped for support purposes according to the following functional 

categories:

• 

• 

Patient Management

Financial Accounting

•  Clinical

• 

Patient Care

•  Enterprise Applications

Due to the integrated nature of Thrive, our software applications are not marketed as distinct products and our sales 

force attempts to sell all applications to each client as a single product. New clients must purchase from us the core 
applications of patient management and financial accounting and all hardware necessary to run these applications. In 
addition to the core applications, clients may also purchase one or more of our clinical, patient care and enterprise 
applications. Over two-thirds of our Thrive clients have purchased a combination of applications that meet their enterprise-
wide information technology needs.

The general functional categories, as well as the software applications in each of these categories, are described 

below.

• 

• 

Patient Management. Our patient management software enables a hospital to identify a patient at any point in 
the healthcare delivery system and to collect and maintain patient information throughout the entire process 
of patient care on an enterprise-wide basis. Thrive's single database structure permits authorized hospital 
personnel to simultaneously access appropriate portions of a patient’s record from any point on the system. 
Our patient management software applications include: Registration, Patient Accounting, Health Information 
Management, Patient Index, Enterprise Wide Scheduling, Contract Management, and Quality Improvement.

Financial Accounting. Our financial accounting software provides a variety of business office applications 
designed to efficiently track and coordinate information needed for managerial decision-making. Our 
financial accounting software applications include: Executive Information System, General Ledger, Accounts 
Payable, Payroll/Personnel, Time and Attendance, Electronic Direct Deposits, Human Resources, Budgeting, 
Fixed Assets, and Materials Management.

•  Clinical. Our clinical software automates record keeping and reporting for many clinical functions including 
laboratory, radiology, physical therapy, respiratory care and pharmacy. These products eliminate tedious 
paperwork, calculations and written documentation while allowing for easy retrieval of patient data and 
statistics. Our clinical software applications include: Laboratory Information Systems, Laboratory Instrument 
Interfaces, Radiology Information Systems, ImageLink Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS), 
Physical Therapy and Respiratory Care, and Pharmacy. 

• 

Patient Care. Our patient care applications allow hospitals to create computerized "patient files" in place of 
the traditional paper file systems. This software enables physicians, nurses and other hospital staff to improve 
the quality of patient care through increased access to patient information, assistance with projected care 
requirements and feedback regarding patient needs. Our software also addresses current safety initiatives in 
the healthcare industry such as the transition from written prescriptions and physician orders to computerized 
physician order entry. Our patient care software applications include: Order Entry/Results Reporting, Point-
of-Care System, Patient Acuity, ChartLink®, Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE), Medication 
Verification, Resident Assessment Instruments, Thrive Provider EHR, Outreach Client Access, Electronic 
Forms, Physician Documentation, and Emergency Department System.

•  Enterprise Applications. We provide software applications that support the products described above and are 
useful to all areas of the hospital. These applications include: ad hoc reporting, automatic batch and real-time 
system backups, an integrated fax system, archival data repository, document scanning and Microsoft Office 
integration, and an Application Portal. The Application Portal allows clients to access our applications 
remotely via Microsoft Internet Explorer and the Internet without requiring the loading of any additional 
client software on the accessing PC. User information and data accessed is secured with HIPAA compliant 
128 bit cipher strength Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption. Remote access using the Application Portal 
results in no discernible difference to the user in software functionality.

6

Healthland

Our acquisition of HHI in January 2016 introduced the products and services of Healthland to our already broad suite 

of EHR product offerings provided through Evident. Healthland currently has two platforms that make up its collective 
EHR offering, primarily serving community hospitals with 50 or fewer beds across the United States. Details regarding 
each platform are as follows:

Healthland Centriq

This web-based EHR platform was brought to market in 2011 as a next-generation alternative solution to 
Healthland Classic and serves as Healthland’s primary meaningful use ("MU") compliant platform for community 
hospitals. The Centriq platform is designed to be an intuitive user interface that is easy for clinicians to use and 
attractive to both patients and clinicians. Additionally, as a web-based platform, users are able to connect to the 
system from any device that is connected to the Internet. Ease of use combined with Centriq’s ability to centralize 
data from various care areas, including Long Term Care, Home Health, and Ambulatory settings, provides the end 
user with a powerful tool to view past and present patient information with ease. Healthland EHR platforms have 
achieved a 99.0% attestation rate among its clients.  Key Centriq capabilities include:

•  Computerized Practitioner Order Entry ("CPOE"). The cornerstone of inpatient EHR systems, CPOE 

promotes user adoption by including medication interaction alerts, access to relevant laboratory results, 
duplicate order checking, customizable order sets and protocols, and order templates containing pre-
populated screens.

•  Clinical Documentation. This system securely enables a patient’s caregivers to view the vital signs, 
intake-output values, progress notes, and nursing tasks that are entered into the patient’s EHR.

•  Emergency Department. This system expedites and simplifies registration, patient tracking, order 

management, assessments, and other activities in a fast-paced environment. 

•  Laboratory. This system automates routine tasks such as lab order processing and tracking, enabling the 

practitioner to focus on the results and ultimately better patient care.

•  Radiology. This application delivers faster turnaround times and enhanced communications among 

caregivers by automatically processing radiology orders, managing and tracking images, and generating 
reports.

• 

Pharmacy. This application helps pharmacies manage all aspects of medication verification and 
dispensing, including order coordination, interaction checks, administration, and charging.

Following the completed acquisition of HHI, CPSI is committed to investing in, developing, and supporting 

the Centriq platform. Centriq must remain a viable solution for the Healthland clients we serve. Therefore, we 
have committed to our clients consistent delivery of product and regulatory enhancements, including a fully 
certified Centriq solution for MU Stage 3, for at least seven years.

Healthland Classic

Healthland’s original EHR platform, Classic, was designed specifically for both community hospitals and 
post-acute care facilities. In 2013 and 2014, Healthland upgraded Classic to be MU Stage 2 compliant, but has 
since announced to its clients that Classic will not be made MU Stage 3 compliant. 

During 2017, we notified all remaining Classic clients of our intent to sunset the solution effective 

November 1, 2019, after which time we will no longer provide related software application support. Prior to this 
announcement, the majority of Classic clients had already completed the migration to another platform.

Beyond inpatient EHR, Healthland offers a suite of integrated applications for managing operations, 

resources, and people, in addition to ambulatory information management solutions. Such products include: 

• 

• 

Financial Accounting. A hospital financial accounting management solution that helps community hospitals 
gain better insight and perspective on their costs.

Patient Management. An accounting system to better manage patient information and automate the hospital 
billing process.

7

•  Ambulatory Software Solutions. Enables clinicians to focus on providing high-quality patient care by 

streamlining the management of patient data.  Each offers a broad set of features and functionalities that can 
help clinics reduce costs, increase revenue, and improve administrative and clinical staff efficiency, all while 
enhancing patient care and safety.  

Post-acute Care Software Systems

Our acquisition of HHI in January 2016 also introduced CPSI to the post-acute care market through the products and 

services of AHT. AHT, a leading provider of integrated solutions to the post-acute care industry, was acquired by HHI in May 
2013 and offers software solutions that promote data-driven clinical and financial outcomes for the customers they serve.  
AHT's comprehensive, long-term care management solutions include:

•  Care Management. This integrated offering helps manage the delivery of quality care, collect and report on resident 
information, and manage compliance risk. Core modules include: Work Center, Clinical, Smart Charting Order 
Administration (Point of Care), Quality Assurance, Therapy Tracking, Supplies Tracking, and Disease State 
Management.

• 

Financial and Enterprise Management. This comprehensive set of financial solutions enables customers to improve 
cash flow and better manage costs.  Core modules include: Accounts Payable, General Ledger, Payroll, Financial 
Management, Trust Funds, and Enterprise Management.

Acute Care Support and Maintenance Services

Evident

After a customer installs Thrive, we provide software application support, hardware maintenance, continuing 

education and related services pursuant to a support agreement using our LikeMind collaborative support model. The 
following describes services provided to customers using Thrive:

•  Total System Support. We believe the quality of continuing customer support is one of the most critical 
considerations in the selection of an information system provider. We provide hardware, technical and 
software support for all aspects of our system, which gives us the flexibility to take the necessary course of 
action to resolve any issue. Unlike our competitors who use third-party services for hardware and software 
support, we provide a single, convenient and efficient resource for all of our customers’ system support needs. 
In order to minimize the impact of a system problem, we train our customer service personnel to be 
technically proficient, courteous and prompt. Because a properly functioning information system is crucial to 
a hospital’s operations, our support teams are available 24 hours per day to assist customers with any problem 
that may arise. Customers can also use the Internet to directly access our support system. This allows 
customers to communicate electronically with our support teams at any time.

•  User Group. All of our Thrive customers have the opportunity to be members of our user group from which 

we solicit feedback regarding our products. We host a national user group meeting annually. This group meets 
to discuss and recommend product modifications and improvements, which it then evaluates and prioritizes. 
Upon confirming that the desired improvements are technically feasible, we agree to allocate a significant 
amount of programming time each year to undertake the requested modification or improvement. The 
majority of our product enhancements originate from suggestions from our customers that we receive through 
the user group structure.

• 

Software Releases. We are committed to providing our customers with software and technology solutions that 
will continue to meet their information system needs. To accomplish this purpose, we continually work to 
enhance and improve our application programs. As part of this effort, for each customer covered under our 
general support agreement, we provide software updates as they become available at no additional cost. We 
design these enhancements to be seamlessly integrated into each customer’s existing Thrive system. The 
benefit of these enhancements is that each customer, regardless of its original installation date, uses the most 
advanced Thrive software available. Through this process, we can keep our customers up-to-date with the 
latest operational innovations in the healthcare industry as well as with changing governmental regulatory 
requirements. Another benefit of this "one system" concept is that our customer service teams can be more 
effective in responding to customer needs because they maintain a complete understanding of and familiarity 
with the one system that all customers use.

8

Purchasing a new information technology system requires the expenditure of a substantial amount of capital 
and other resources, and many customers are concerned that these systems will become obsolete as 
technology changes. Our periodic product updates eliminate our customers’ concerns about system 
obsolescence. We believe providing this benefit is a strong incentive for potential customers to select our 
products over the products of our competitors.

•  Hardware Replacement. As part of our general support agreements, we are also committed to promptly 

replacing malfunctioning system hardware in order to minimize the effect of operational interruptions. By 
offering all hardware used in our system, we believe we are better able to meet and address all of the 
information technology needs of our customers.

•  Cloud Electronic Health Record (Cloud EHR). In some circumstances, we offer Cloud EHR services to 
customers via remote access telecommunications. Cloud EHR is a "Software as a Service" (or "SaaS") 
configuration and is in essence a subscription to access and use application software maintained by CPSI in a 
cloud environment for a monthly fee. Under this configuration, a customer is able to obtain access to an 
advanced EHR without a significant initial capital outlay. We store and maintain all Cloud EHR customers’ 
critical patient and administrative data using TruBridge Cloud Computing Services. These customers access 
this information remotely through direct telecommunications connections.

• 

Forms and Supplies. We offer our customers the forms that they need for their patient and financial records, 
as well as their general office supplies. Furnishing these forms and supplies helps us to achieve our objective 
of being a one-source solution for a hospital’s complete healthcare information system requirements.

Healthland

Effective learning tools are a key factor in successful EHR adoption and allowing clients to get the most out of a 
software investment. Therefore, Healthland’s support approach, which focuses on learning and training, is a cornerstone to 
the Healthland “total solution” and a key competitive differentiator. The Healthland support offering also addresses some 
of the unique needs of community hospitals - limited resources and staff with cross-department responsibilities and budget 
and time constraints - all of which require a customized approach to training and support including:

• 

eLearning. Engaging content that can be accessed anytime, anywhere with built-in assessments to measure 
content retention and comprehension.  

•  Virtual Classrooms. Live, on-line training to promote interaction and collaboration with a team of product 
experts. Plus, a set quarterly training schedule to help providers balance training needs with their core job 
responsibilities.

•  Campus Classrooms. Live, instructor-led classes at the Healthland corporate office promoting hands-on 

training and interaction with peers from other client facilities.

•  Online Learning Tools. Easy access to a comprehensive set of training tools including product release notes 

and documentation, software guides, and key reference material related to all supported products.

•  User Forum and Expert Exchange. Annual user conference plus regional user group forums that allow clients 
to interact with peers and leverage Healthland experts to learn more about key industry issues and get their 
specific product questions answered.   

9

Post-acute Care Support and Maintenance Services

AHT’s comprehensive and integrated solution set is backed by on-going training and support by AHT to ensure that 

clients can maximize their software investment. This is demonstrated by:

•  Experienced and Dedicated Support Representatives. Seasoned experts assigned to each client site that not 
only understand the challenges in the post-acute care industry, but know how to best address them. This 
includes proactive education on the key regulatory changes and requirements before they impact business 
operations.

•  Client Portal and Training. Instant, on-line access to the most up-to-date industry information impacting long-

term care, plus a vast array of product training opportunities.

•  Client Enhancement Council. Access to a community of peers along with a robust set of resources and 

knowledge to help clients get the most out of their AHT investment.  

•  Annual Client Symposium. An opportunity for clients to share best practices, gain industry insight on key 

topics impacting post-acute care providers, network with peers, and learn more about current and future AHT 
product and service offerings. 

TruBridge - Business Management, Consulting, and Managed Information Technology Services

We offer complementary services through TruBridge, our wholly-owned subsidiary, which can be grouped into the 

following categories:

•  Business Management Services 

•  Consulting Services

•  Managed Information Technology Services

A brief description of each of these categories of services is as follows:

•  Business Management Services. Our business management services span a healthcare enterprise’s revenue 
cycle and provide clients with a strong alternative to in-house operations. These services leverage our deep 
service and technology experience and are designed to allow clients to streamline their administrative staffing 
while improving operational efficiencies. Our business management services include the following service 
offerings: Electronic Billing, Insurance Services, Statement Processing, Accounts Receivable Management, 
Payroll Processing, and Contract Management.

•  Consulting Services. Our consulting services are designed to help healthcare organizations by assessing their 
needs, setting goals, and creating an action plan to achieve those goals, and, if needed, implementing the 
action plan. Many of our professional consultants possess decades of experience and all are skilled in 
adopting new technologies, redesigning processes, educating staff, and providing interim or on-going 
management services. Our consulting services include the following service offerings: Revenue Cycle 
Consulting, Clinical Consulting, Medical Coding, and Information Technology Consulting.

•  Managed Information Technology ("IT") Services. Our managed IT services provide a range of services 

designed to meet the IT needs of community healthcare enterprises. The pace of technological change can be 
overwhelming. Our services allow clients to affordably maintain an advanced IT infrastructure, meet 
regulatory requirements, and reduce risk. Our managed IT services include the following service offerings:  
Cloud Computing, Internet Service Provider, Managed Network Services, Server and Storage Management, 
Desktop Support, Communications Solutions, Connectivity Solutions, Security Services, and Data Center 
Services.

Our acquisition of HHI in January 2016 also introduced the products and services of Rycan, a leading provider of 

SaaS-based healthcare RCM solutions. Following the acquisition, and due to the versatility of healthcare RCM solutions, 
CPSI has integrated Rycan's solution set into the respective EHRs for Evident, Healthland, and AHT and integrated all of 
Rycan's complementary services into the TruBridge suite of service offerings.

Rycan empowers providers and caregivers in hospitals, healthcare systems and skilled nursing organizations to 
accelerate their revenue cycle through a suite of comprehensive, web-based solutions designed to improve financial 

10

operations and staff productivity and increase reimbursement. Core functionalities within the Rycan product and service 
offerings include:

• 

Patient Liability Estimates. Improve patient satisfaction, maximize point-of-service collections, and equip 
staff with the ability to provide transparent pricing with the PLE module.

•  Eligibility Verification. Reduce claim denials and carrier rejections by performing on-demand eligibility look-

ups, assuring the care provided is covered. 

•  Claim Scrubbing and Submission. A powerful claim management solution for submitting, validating, and 

processing a healthcare facility’s claims with ease with a high quality of edits.  

•  Remittance Management. Remittance advice can be effortlessly gathered and managed with the Electronic 

Remittance Advice ("ERA") Retrieval and Remittance Management modules, simplifying workflow and 
involvement.

•  Denial/Audit Management. Equips healthcare facilities with the tools necessary to combat denied and audited 

claims, assisting organizations in recovering lost revenue.

•  Contract Management. Allows healthcare facilities to take control over complex healthcare contracts by 
prospectively pricing every claim submitted to payers, retrospectively pricing every remittance to ensure 
proper payment was received, and modeling proposed contract terms during payer negotiations.

•  Reporting and Data Mining. Brings together a facility’s revenue cycle data to gain a better understanding of 

the facility's financial health by analyzing reports and utilizing interactive, drill-in graphs. 

For additional details on our products, service, and support offerings, visit www.evident.com (Evident), 

www.healthland.com (Healthland), www.healthtech.net (AHT), and www.trubridge.com (TruBridge).

For the results of operations by segment, refer to Note 17 of the consolidated financial statements included herein.

Product Development and Enhancement

The healthcare information technology industry is characterized by rapid technological change requiring us to continually 

make investments to update, enhance and improve our products and services. These investments have resulted in total 
expenditures related to our Product Development Services division of approximately $37.8 million, $32.6 million, and $14.2 
million during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In 2017, our focus on delivering shared solutions to the acute and post-acute markets through a suite of services integrated 

with our core platforms resulted in our first production deliveries of shared products in areas such as:

•  Clinical quality measure reporting
•  Business intelligence
• 
•  CommonWell Health Alliance patient management workflows

Interoperable clinical documentation review

We also delivered platform specific updates including:

•  Evident Thrive EHR

Platform and infrastructure updates

  On-going localization activities for the Canadian market
  An on-going, focused effort on improving physician usability and workflow across the ambulatory and 

emergency departments and inpatient care settings

•  Healthland Centriq EHR

  Development activities continued to support our long-term strategy to utilize the CPSI Interface Management 

System as a means of efficiently delivering new third-party integrations at scale

•  AHT

Software feature additions which enhanced the following:  

11

 
 
Ported functionality from legacy system to new system platform to enhance pre-admission 
workflows 

  Use of new UI/UX process to improve Care Planning performance and workflow 

Introduced enterprise-level data concepts, including "Person profile" that included advanced 
directives, immunization tracking and history, preferences and goals, social history and special needs
Supported value-based payment models adding "Bundled payment" support, convener and 
dashboard monitoring
Provided Episodic care support, separation and identification of person, stay and episode contexts
Provided Disease Management capabilities through integration with COMS 
Interact 4 v2 released

  Expanded interoperability framework to allow system level aggregation and simplification of certification 
process; introduced self-certification interoperability with vendors through use of mailbox; provided new 
integration and enhanced features 

          Our Product Development services division operates across our family of companies and we have identified key 
initiatives we will focus on strategically to best position CPSI for both short term and long term success. These initiatives are:

• 

Physician Adoption - We realize the importance of providing physicians with efficient workflows that provide more 
time for them to focus on managing patient care. To that end, we have been investing in product improvements to 
enhance the usability of our physician-targeted applications through user-centered design processes involving our 
client facilities.

•  Continuum of Care - We find it critical to provide data expressing the past history and current state of a patient, 

regardless of setting and throughout their journey. To support this, our investment in product development has 
included the creation of more data liquidity and the facilitation of data exchange across the continuum.

• 

• 

Financial Efficiencies - Our focus in this area has been two-fold: assisting our clients in managing their operations and 
financial resources as effectively as possible, and expending our effort internally to ensure we are creating and 
delivering products in a cost efficient manner.

Population Health - As a provider of solutions which target healthcare delivery across individual communities, we are 
focused on facilitating more efficient and proactive management of the health of the population of those communities. 
Through projects such as our clients' ACOs, and products such as our eCQM platform and Business Intelligence 
dashboards, we are focused on how technology can support the community mission to improve the health of their 
populace.

•  Global Market Expansion - We have continued to focus on development to provide more capabilities to the Thrive 

platform, as well as add infrastructure to support more widespread deployments at scale.

          Many of our current development projects already fall into one of these categories. Going forward, we will continue to 
use these strategic initiatives to help us identify and prioritize specific development projects. While some of these projects will 
be platform specific, as we move towards harmonizing our product lines we believe an increasing amount of development over 
time will have applicability across all our platforms. 

System Implementation and Training

Conversion Services. When a client purchases or leases one of our systems, we convert their existing data to the new 
system. Our knowledge of hospital data processing, in conjunction with extensive in-house technical expertise, allows us to 
accomplish this task in a cost effective manner. When we install a new system, the data conversion has already occurred so that 
the system is immediately operational. Our goal is for each client to be productive day one in order to eliminate time and money 
wasted on the costly and inefficient task of maintaining the same data on parallel systems. Our services also relieve the hospital 
staff of the time-consuming burden of data conversion. The conversion process is the initial phase of our LikeMind client 
experience.

Training. In order to integrate the new system and to ensure its success, we spend approximately sixteen weeks providing 
individualized training at each client’s facility prior to the go-live date. We provide hardware and software application training 
for all hospital users, including staff members and healthcare providers, during all hospital shifts. We employ nurses, medical 
technicians, and providers along with our technical training staff in order to help us communicate more effectively with our 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
clients during the training process. This training phase is also part of the LikeMind client experience that is provided to all of 
our clients.

Clients, Sales and Marketing

Target Markets. The target market for our acute care EHR systems consists of community hospitals with less than 200 

acute care beds, with a primary focus on hospitals with 100 or fewer acute care beds. In the United States, there are 
approximately 3,500 community hospitals with less than 200 or fewer acute care beds, with approximately 2,500 of these 
having 100 or fewer acute care beds. In addition, we market our products to small specialty hospitals in the United States that 
focus on discrete medical areas such as behavioral health, surgery, rehabilitation and long-term acute care. As of the date of the 
filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our companies currently support approximately 1,100 acute care facilities across the 
United States.  Approximately 94% of our existing acute care clients are hospitals with fewer than 100 acute care beds, while 
approximately 99% of our existing acute care clients are hospitals with 200 or fewer acute care beds. 

The target market for our post-acute care EHR solution consists of over 15,000 long-term care and skilled nursing 
facilities in the United States. In addition, through a strategic relationship with Medtelligent, we are able to market an EHR for 
assisted living facilities creating add-on sales opportunities in our direct client base and new sales opportunities across the 
broader senior living market. As of the date of this filing, we have our post-acute care EHR solution installed in approximately 
3,400 facilities across the United States.

The expanded target market for our TruBridge services consists of small to mid-size hospitals in the United States. There 

are approximately 4,100 of these hospitals of 300 beds or less. As of the date of this filing, there are over 200 healthcare 
providers who use our accounts receivable management or private pay services, approximately 550 providers who use our 
managed information technology services, and approximately 600 providers who use our RCM solutions. In addition, we are 
now marketing our services to post-acute care facilities, of which there are over 15,000 in the United States.

In the acute care provider market, we are now actively marketing our EHR system in Canada. We have established 
business relationships with key Canadian technology providers which we believe will be a significant factor in penetrating the 
Canadian market. We have concluded our evaluation of the unique requirements of the Canadian healthcare system and are 
actively working on incorporating the necessary changes into our Thrive acute care EHR product. Domestically, we are actively 
selling our ambulatory EHR system on a stand-alone basis, with a focus on physician practices located in the same communities 
as our client hospitals. We believe this would include a significant number of unique physician practices.

Our goals in the inpatient hospital market are threefold: (1) target those hospitals under 100 beds in the United States that 

we believe are currently using a vendor that we have determined is vulnerable based on a variety of factors, (2) continue our 
efforts to expand into the Canadian market through active marketing efforts and establishing business relationships with 
Canadian information technology providers, and (3) selectively target hospitals in the 100 to 200 bed market that we believe 
offer a reasonable chance of sales success based on size, location and other factors. Our goal in the ambulatory market is to 
aggressively target physician practices in those communities where the local hospital is a current CPSI client.

Our goal in the post-acute care market is to continue to target both individual facilities as well as larger multi-facility 
corporate entities. In addition, we intend to extend our penetration into the post-acute care market by offering an assisted living 
facility EHR solution that we believe will broaden the appeal of our solutions to those operators who offer multiple care 
settings in their organizations.

13

The following table presents our revenues generated from clients located within the U.S. ("Domestic") and all foreign 

countries, in total ("International").

(In thousands)
Sales revenues:

Domestic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
International(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

276,510
417
276,927

$

$

267,081
191
267,272

$

$

181,716
458
182,174

(1) International sales revenues for all periods presented are related to a single foreign country, the Caribbean nation of 
St. Maarten.

Sales Staff. We have dedicated sales organizations in all three business lines: acute care EHR, post-acute care EHR and 
business management, consulting and managed information technology services. Many of our sales personnel are hired from 
within the company and have previous experience in client support roles. We believe this experience positions them to more 
effectively sell our products and services within our target markets. Our sales organizations are generally divided in four areas; 
sales management, new client sales, existing client sales and sales support staff. New client sales staff are typically organized 
based on geographic territories, though we also have sales personnel that focus on national accounts in our post-acute EHR 
business due to the number of national chain operators in that market. Our sales representatives who sell to existing clients have 
assigned clients within their territory, which is also geographically based.  Some sales representatives in our services areas are 
assigned specifically to cross-sell services into our acute care EHR and post-acute care EHR client bases. A significant portion 
of the compensation for all sales personnel except for administrative support staff is commission based.

Marketing Strategy. Our corporate marketing strategy is to leverage our EHR solutions to all providers across the care 
continuum, with a primary focus on the community healthcare market. We believe our ability to serve ambulatory, acute and 
post-acute care settings with our products will be especially appealing as new reimbursement models force the coordination of 
care by healthcare providers. Our ability to connect patients to care providers within their community and across communities 
through our own products and interoperability development, including our membership in the CommonWell Health Alliance, 
sets us apart from other competitors in our market. We also believe as the EHR market in the acute care environment transitions 
from implementation to optimization that our data analytics solutions will be a key differentiator for our EHR solutions. Our 
goal is to position ourselves as partners to community healthcare providers as they move to a more proactive care model based 
on the use of data analytics and patient engagement tools.

With regard to business management, consulting and managed information technology services, we will continue to 
leverage our proven track record of success in accounts receivable management and private pay collections for community 
healthcare providers. With the increasing complexity of reimbursement requirements and a global shift in healthcare towards an 
increase in patient financial responsibility, the ability of our services business to bring expertise and best practice operational 
efficiencies to bear is a significant competitive advantage. In consulting services, the added complexity brought about by the 
transition to the ICD-10 code set has created a significant demand for our coding services. Our strategy is to leverage any 
services engagement, whether business, IT or consulting, into opportunities to cross-sell other services to the client.

Backlog

Backlog consists of revenues we reasonably expect to recognize over the next twelve months under existing contracts. 

The revenues to be recognized may relate to a combination of one-time fees for system sales and recurring fees for support and 
maintenance, and TruBridge. As of December 31, 2017, we had a twelve-month backlog of approximately $31 million in 
connection with non-recurring system purchases and approximately $223 million in connection with recurring payments under 
support and maintenance, and TruBridge. As of December 31, 2016, we had a twelve-month backlog of approximately $26 
million in connection with non-recurring system purchases and approximately $209 million in connection with recurring 
payments under support and maintenance, and TruBridge.

Competition

The market for our products and services is competitive, and we expect additional competition from established and 

emerging companies in the future. Our market is characterized by rapidly changing technology, global shifts in the healthcare 
system, evolving user needs and impactful regulatory and reimbursement changes. We believe the principal competitive factors 
that hospitals and post-acute care providers consider when choosing between us and our competitors are:

14

 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

product features, functionality and performance;

range of services offered;

level of client service and satisfaction;

ease of integration and speed of implementation;

product price;

cost of services offered;

results of services engagements;

knowledge of the healthcare industry;

training provided;

sales and marketing efforts; and

company reputation.

We believe that we compete favorably with our competitors on these factors. Our principal competitors in the acute care 
EHR market are Cerner Corporation, athenahealth, Inc., Medical Information Technology, Inc. ("Meditech"), and MEDHOST, 
Inc. These companies compete with us directly in our target market of small and midsize hospitals. They offer products and 
systems that are comparable to our system and address the needs of hospitals in the markets we serve.

Our secondary competitors in the acute care EHR market include Change Healthcare Holdings, Inc., Allscripts Healthcare 

Solutions, Inc., and Epic Systems Corporation. These companies are significantly larger than we are, and they typically sell 
their products and services to larger hospitals outside of our target market. However, they will sometimes compete with us 
directly or, more commonly, a larger health system who uses a system from one of these companies will offer it to a smaller 
hospital as part of a merger or alliance. 

We also face competition from providers of practice management systems, general decision support and database systems 

and other segment-specific applications. Any of these companies as well as other technology or healthcare companies could 
decide at any time to specifically target hospitals within our target market.

Our principal competitors in the post-acute care EHR market are PointClickCare Corporation, MatrixCare, Inc., and 

HealthMEDX, LLC. These companies compete with us directly in our target market of long-term post-acute care facilities.  
They offer products and systems that are comparable to our system and address the needs of long-term care providers. 

Our principal competitors in the business management, consulting and managed information technology services market 
are Healthcare Resource Group, Inc., Resolution Health, Inc., The Outsource Group Inc.,Patient Focus, Inc, Xtend Healthcare 
Inc., Ensemble Health Partners, and nThrive, Inc. All of these companies provide one or more of the services we offer, with 
their primary focus being on business management services. The services they offer are comparable in scope to the competing 
services we offer. These companies all focus on providing services to the healthcare market.  Secondary competitors include 
ARx LLC, Citadel Outsource Group LLC, Patient Matters, LLC, KIWI-TEK, LLC, and Aviacode Inc. Our principle 
competitors for RCM solutions include RelayHealth Corp, SSI Group, LLC, Quadax Inc., Change Healthcare Holdings, Inc., 
Availity, LLC, and Navicure, Inc.

Actual or perceived security breaches of our systems could harm the market perception of our products and services 

which could impact our retention of existing clients and ability to acquire prospective clients.

15

Health Information Security and Privacy Practices

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 ("HIPAA") is a federal law governing the use, 
disclosure, transmission and storage of certain individually identifiable health information, referred to as "protected health 
information," and that was enacted for the purpose of, among other things, protecting the privacy and security of protected 
health information. As directed by HIPAA, the Department of Health and Human Services (the "DHHS") has promulgated 
standards and rules for certain electronic health transactions, code sets, data security, unique identification numbers and privacy 
of protected health information. HIPAA and the standards promulgated by DHHS apply to certain health plans, healthcare 
clearinghouses and healthcare providers (referred to as "covered entities"), which includes our hospital clients. The Health 
Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and its implementing regulations published in January 2013 (the 
"HITECH Act") significantly expand HIPAA by extending privacy and security standards to "business associates" of healthcare 
providers that are covered entities. Under the HITECH Act, business associates are required to establish administrative, 
physical and technical safeguards and are subject to direct penalties for violations. Certain of our services frequently entail us 
acting as a healthcare clearinghouse and/or in the capacity of a business associate to the hospitals that we serve. As a result, we 
are covered by the patient privacy and security standards of HIPAA and subject to oversight by DHHS. We believe that we have 
taken all necessary steps to comply with HIPAA, as it applies to us as a business associate, but it is important to note that 
DHHS could, at any time in the future, adopt new rules or modify existing rules in a manner that could require us to change our 
systems or operations.

Protecting individually identifiable health information and other sensitive data is a critical and essential function of 
CPSI’s software solutions. A variety of industry-standard approaches that meet or exceed regulatory requirements such as 
HIPAA and HITECH are employed. In order to avoid unauthorized access for the life span of this data, diverse methods of 
identification, authentication, authorization and encryption are utilized at various points throughout the operating system, 
application software and hardware. These methods and processes are shared amongst servers and other end-user devices and are 
complemented by change management processes and tools, which allow the software change control cycle to be a formal, 
defined process.

Managing Cybersecurity Risks

Our business operations, including the provision of the products and services described above, involve the compilation and 

transmission of confidential information, including patient health information. We have included security features in our 
systems that are intended to protect the privacy and integrity of this information, but our systems may be vulnerable to security 
breaches, viruses, programming errors and other similar disruptive problems.

The Board of Directors is responsible for exercising oversight of management’s identification and management of, and 
planning for, the material risks facing the Company, and we believe our policies and procedures are adequate to ensure that 
relevant information about cybersecurity risks and incidents is appropriately reported and disclosed.  In connection with its 
oversight responsibility with respect to cybersecurity risks facing the Company, the Board authorized in 2017 the formation of a 
Cybersecurity Committee comprised of the Executive Vice President of CPSI, the Chief Technology Officer, the Senior Vice 
President of IT Services, and the Senior Vice President of Professional Services of TruBridge, LLC.  The Cybersecurity 
Committee meets quarterly to discuss the primary cybersecurity-related risks currently facing the Company, and the Committee 
reports to Mr. Fowler, the Company’s Chief Operating Officer and President of TruBridge, LLC, who in turn provides updates 
to the Board.

Additionally, we appointed a new Security Operations Center (SOC) Director to oversee a number of initiatives designed to 

improve our cybersecurity protection, readiness and response. The SOC Director oversees penetration testing for TruBridge 
customers, vulnerability scanning by CPSI and TruBridge, endpoint threat detection and response development, insider threat 
detection and monitoring, security event application management and other cybersecurity-related projects. The Company also 
consulted with a third party in 2017 to conduct an evaluation of our cybersecurity risks. Finally, all users employed by or 
contracted to the Company are required to complete annual cybersecurity education and training, which includes identifying 
suspicious emails, Internet threats, telecommunication threats and ransomware.

Intellectual Property

We regard some aspects of our internal operations, software and documentation as proprietary, and rely primarily on a 
combination of contract and trade secret laws to protect our proprietary information. We believe, because of the rapid pace of 
technological change in the computer software industry, trade secret and copyright protection is less significant than factors 
such as the knowledge, ability and experience of our employees, frequent software product enhancements and the timeliness 
and quality of our support services. The source code for our proprietary software is protected as a trade secret. We enter into 

16

confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and clients, and control access to and distribution of our 
software, documentation and other proprietary information. We cannot guarantee that these protections will be adequate or that 
our competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technology.

We do not believe our software products or other CPSI proprietary rights infringe on the property rights of third parties. 
However, we cannot guarantee that third parties will not assert infringement claims against us with respect to current or future 
software products or that any such assertion may not require us to enter into royalty arrangements or result in costly litigation.

Employees

As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 2,000 employees, the substantial majority of which are located at our 
offices in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, and Minnesota. None of our employees are covered by a collective 
bargaining agreement or are represented by a labor union.

Executive Officers

The executive officers of CPSI serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. Set forth below is a list of the current 

executive officers of CPSI and a brief explanation of each individual’s principal employment during the last five years.

J. Boyd Douglas – President and Chief Executive Officer. J. Boyd Douglas, age 51, has served as our President and 
Chief Executive Officer since May 2006. He was first elected as a director in March 2002. Mr. Douglas began his career with 
us in August 1988 as a Financial Software Support Representative. From May 1990 until November 1994, Mr. Douglas served 
as Manager of Electronic Billing, and from December 1994 until July 1999, he held the position of Director of Programming 
Services. From July 1999 until May 2006, Mr. Douglas served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. 

David A. Dye – Chief Growth Officer. David A. Dye, age 48, was appointed as our Chief Growth Officer in November 
2015, having previously served as our Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer from June 2010 until November 2015. 
Mr. Dye served as our President and Chief Executive Officer from July 1999 to May 2006. He was first elected as a director in 
March 2002 and has served as our Chairman of the Board since May 2006. Mr. Dye began his career with CPSI in May 1990 as 
a Financial Software Support Representative and served in various capacities until July 1999. Mr. Dye has served as a director 
of Bulow Biotech Prosthetics, LLC, a company headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee that operates prosthetic clinics in the 
Southeastern United States, since July 2006.

Christopher L. Fowler – Chief Operating Officer and President (TruBridge). Christopher L. Fowler, age 42, was 
appointed as our Chief Operating Officer in November 2015 and has served as the President of TruBridge since its formation in 
January 2013. Prior to the formation of TruBridge, Mr. Fowler served as CPSI’s Vice President - Business Management 
Services, beginning in March 2008. Mr. Fowler began his career with CPSI in May 2000 as a Software Support Representative 
and later as a manager of Financial Software Services. From August 2004 until March 2008, Mr. Fowler served as Assistant 
Director and Director of Business Management Services.

Matt J. Chambless – Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer.  Matt J. Chambless, age 37, was appointed as 
our Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer in November 2015, having previously served as our Director of Financial 
Reporting from March 2012 until November 2015.  Prior to joining CPSI, Mr. Chambless served as the Accounting Manager 
for Northside Hospital System from May 2011 until March 2012 and as an audit professional, including an Audit Manager, for 
Grant Thornton, LLP from August 2004 to May 2011.

Victor S. Schneider – Executive Vice President. Victor S. Schneider, age 59, has served as our Executive Vice President 

since April 2012. From December 2005 until his appointment as Executive Vice President, Mr. Schneider served as our Senior 
Vice President - Corporate and Business Development. Mr. Schneider began his career with us in June 1983 as Sales Manager. 
He served in that capacity until January 1997 when he was promoted to Sales Director. He served as our Vice President - Sales 
and Marketing from July 1999 until December 2005.

Robert D. Hinckle – Senior Vice President–Client Services. Robert D. Hinckle, age 48, served as our Vice President - 

Software Services from October 2004 until January 2013 and has served as our Senior Vice President - Client Services since 
January 2013. Since beginning his career with CPSI in 1995 as a Financial Software Support Representative, Mr. Hinckle has 
worked in various positions in our Software Services Division, including Team Manager, Assistant Director and Director of that 
division.

Troy D. Rosser – Senior Vice President–Sales. Troy D. Rosser, age 53, has served as our Senior Vice President - Sales 

since January 2012, having previously served as Vice President - Sales since October 2005. Mr. Rosser began his career with us 
in March 1989 as a Financial Software Support Representative. In 1992, Mr. Rosser was transferred to the Sales and Marketing 

17

division where he has worked in various positions, including Sales Manager and, from October 2000 until October 2005, 
Director of Sales.

Company Web Site

The Company maintains a web site at http://www.cpsi.com. The Company makes available on its web site, free of charge, 
its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those 
reports, as soon as it is reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission. The Company is not including the information contained on or available through its web site as a part of, or 
incorporating such information into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

18

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

These are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face. Our business, financial condition, operating results, and stock 
price can be materially and adversely affected by a number of factors, whether currently known or unknown, including, but not 
limited to, those described below. Any one or more of such factors could directly or indirectly cause our actual financial 
condition and operating results to vary materially from our past or anticipated future financial condition or operating results.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDUSTRY

There is significant uncertainty in the healthcare industry, both as a result of recently enacted legislation and changing 
government regulation, which may have a material adverse impact on the businesses of our hospital clients and ultimately 
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The healthcare industry is subject to changing political, economic and regulatory influences that may affect the 
procurement processes and operation of healthcare facilities, including our hospital clients. During the past several years, the 
healthcare industry has been subject to increased legislation and regulation of, among other things, reimbursement rates, 
payment programs, information technology programs and certain capital expenditures (collectively, the "Health Reform Laws").

The Health Reform Laws contain various provisions which impact us and our clients. Some of these provisions have a 

positive impact, by expanding the use of electronic health records in certain federal programs, for example, while others, such 
as reductions in reimbursement for certain types of providers, have a negative impact due to fewer available resources. The 
continued increase in fraud and abuse penalties is expected to adversely affect participants in the healthcare sector, including us.

Among other things, the Health Reform Laws require nearly all individuals to have health insurance, provide for the 

expansion of Medicaid eligibility, mandate material changes to the delivery of healthcare services and reduce the 
reimbursement paid for such services in order to generate savings in the Medicare program. The Health Reform Laws also 
modify certain payment systems to encourage more cost-effective, quality-based care and a reduction of inefficiencies and 
waste, including through various tools to address fraud and abuse.

The Health Reform Laws will continue to affect hospitals differently depending upon the populations they serve and their 

payor mix. Our target market of community hospitals typically serve higher uninsured populations than larger urban hospitals 
and rely more heavily on Medicare and Medicaid for reimbursement. It remains to be seen whether the increase in the insured 
population for community hospitals will be sufficient to offset actual and proposed additional cuts in Medicare and Medicaid 
reimbursements contained in the Health Reform Laws.

The Health Reform Laws are leading to significant changes in the healthcare system, but the full impact of the legislation 

and of further statutory and regulatory actions to reform healthcare on our business is unknown. As a result, there can be no 
assurances that the legislation will not adversely impact either our operational results or the manner in which we operate our 
business. We believe some healthcare industry participants have reduced their investments or postponed investment decisions, 
including investments in our solutions and services.

Various legislators have announced that they intend to examine further proposals to reform certain aspects of the U.S. 

healthcare system. Healthcare providers may react to these proposals, and the uncertainty surrounding such proposals, by 
curtailing or deferring investments, including those for our systems and related services. Cost-containment measures instituted 
by healthcare providers as a result of regulatory reform or otherwise could result in a reduction in the allocation of capital 
funds. Such a reduction could have an adverse effect on our ability to sell our systems and related services. On the other hand, 
changes in the regulatory environment have increased and may continue to increase the needs of healthcare organizations for 
cost-effective data management and thereby enhance the overall market for healthcare management information systems. We 
cannot predict what effect, if any, such additional proposals or healthcare reforms might have on our business, financial 
condition and results of operations.

As existing regulations mature and become better defined, we anticipate that these regulations will continue to directly 

affect certain of our products and services, but we cannot fully predict the effect at this time. We have taken steps to modify our 
products, services and internal practices as necessary to facilitate our compliance with the regulations, but there can be no 
assurance that we will be able to do so in a timely or complete manner. Achieving compliance with these regulations could be 
costly and distract management’s attention and divert other company resources, and any noncompliance by us could result in 
civil and criminal penalties.

19

The healthcare industry is heavily regulated at the local, state and federal levels. Our failure to comply with regulatory 
requirements could create liability for us, result in adverse publicity and negatively affect our business.

The healthcare industry is heavily regulated and is constantly evolving due to the changing political, legislative and 
regulatory landscapes. In some instances, the impact of these regulations on our business is direct to the extent that we are 
subject to these laws and regulations ourselves. However, these regulations also impact our business indirectly as, in a number 
of circumstances, our solutions, devices and services must be capable of being used by our clients in a way that complies with 
those laws and regulations, even though we may not be directly regulated by the specific healthcare laws and regulations. There 
is a significant number of wide-ranging regulations, including regulations in the areas of healthcare fraud, e-prescribing, claims 
processing and transmission, medical devices, the security and privacy of patient data, the ARRA meaningful use program, and 
interoperability standards, that may be directly or indirectly applicable to our operations and relationships or the business 
practices of our clients. Specific areas that are subject to increased regulation include, but are not limited to, the following:

Healthcare Fraud. Federal and state governments continue to enhance regulation of and increase their scrutiny over 

practices potentially involving healthcare fraud, waste and abuse by healthcare providers whose services are reimbursed by 
Medicare, Medicaid and other government healthcare programs. Our healthcare provider clients are subject to laws and 
regulations regarding fraud and abuse that, among other things, prohibit the direct or indirect payment or receipt of any 
remuneration for patient referrals, or arranging for or recommending referrals or other business paid for in whole or in part by 
these federal or state healthcare programs. Federal enforcement personnel have substantial funding, powers and remedies to 
pursue suspected or perceived fraud and abuse. The effect of this government regulation on our clients is difficult to predict. 
Many of the regulations applicable to our clients and that may be applicable to us, including those relating to marketing 
incentives offered in connection with medical device sales may be interpreted or applied by a prosecutorial, regulatory or 
judicial authority in a manner that could broaden their applicability to us or require our clients to make changes in their 
operations or the way in which they deal with us. If such laws and regulations are determined to be applicable to us and if we 
fail to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, we could be subject to civil and criminal penalties, sanctions or other 
liabilities, including exclusion from government healthcare programs, which could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. Even an unsuccessful challenge by a regulatory or prosecutorial 
authority of our activities could result in adverse publicity, could require a costly response from us and could adversely affect 
our business, results of operations and financial condition.

E-Prescribing. The use of our solutions by physicians for electronic prescribing and electronic routing of prescriptions via 

the Surescripts network to pharmacies is governed by federal and state laws. States have differing regulations that govern the 
electronic transmission of certain prescriptions and prescription requirements. Standards adopted by the National Council for 
Prescription Drug Programs and regulations adopted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS") related to 
"EPrescribing and the Prescription Drug Program" set forth implementation standards for the transmission of electronic 
prescriptions. These standards are detailed and broad, and cover not only routing transactions between prescribers and 
pharmacies, but also electronic eligibility, formulary and benefits inquiries. In general, regulations in this area can be 
burdensome and evolve regularly, meaning that any potential benefits to our clients from utilizing such solutions and services 
may be superseded by a newly-promulgated regulation that adversely affects our business model. Our efforts to provide 
solutions that enable our clients to comply with these regulations could be time consuming and expensive.

Claims Processing and Transmission. Our system electronically transmits medical claims by physicians to patients’ 
payors for immediate approval and reimbursement. In addition, we offer business management services that include the manual 
and electronic processing and submission of medical claims by healthcare providers to patients’ payors for approval and 
reimbursement. Federal and state laws provide that it is a violation for any person to submit, or cause to be submitted, a claim 
to any payor, including, without limitation, Medicare, Medicaid and all private health plans and managed care plans, seeking 
payment for any service or product that overbills or bills for items that have not been provided to the patient. We have in place 
policies and procedures that we believe assure that all claims that are transmitted by our system and through our services are 
accurate and complete, provided that the information given to us by our clients is also accurate and complete. If, however, we 
do not follow those procedures and policies, or they are not sufficient to prevent inaccurate claims from being submitted, we 
could be subject to substantial liability including, but not limited to, civil and criminal liability. Additionally, any such failure of 
our billing and collection services to comply with these laws and regulations could adversely affect demand for our services and 
could force us to expend significant capital, research and development, and other resources to address the failure.

In most cases where we are permitted to do so, we calculate charges for our billing and collection services based on a 

percentage of the collections that our clients receive as a result of our services. To the extent that violations or liability for 
violations of these laws and regulations require intent, it may be alleged that this percentage calculation provides us or our 
employees with incentive to commit or overlook fraud or abuse in connection with submission and payment of reimbursement 

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claims. CMS has stated that it is concerned that percentage-based billing services may encourage billing companies to commit 
or to overlook fraudulent or abusive practices.

A portion of our business involves billing Medicare claims on behalf of our clients. In an effort to combat fraudulent 

Medicare claims, the federal government offers rewards for reporting of Medicare fraud which could encourage others to 
subject us to a charge of fraudulent claims, including charges that are ultimately proved to be without merit.

As discussed below, the HIPAA security and privacy standards also affect our claims transmission services, since those 

services must be structured and provided in a way that supports our clients’ HIPAA compliance obligations.

Regulation of Medical Devices. The United States Food and Drug Administration (the "FDA") has determined that certain 
of our solutions, such as our ImageLink® product, are medical devices that are actively regulated under the Federal Food, Drug 
and Cosmetic Act, as amended. If other of our solutions are deemed to be actively regulated medical devices by the FDA, we 
could be subject to extensive requirements governing pre- and post-marketing activities including pre-market notification 
clearance. Complying with these medical device regulations is time consuming and expensive, and our marketing and other 
sales activities could be subject to unanticipated and significant delays. Further, it is possible that the FDA may become more 
active in regulating software and medical devices that are used in the healthcare industry. If we are unable to obtain the required 
regulatory approvals for any such software or medical devices, our short- to long-term business plans for these solutions or 
medical devices could be delayed or canceled and we could face FDA refusal to grant pre-market clearance or approval of 
products; withdrawal of existing clearances and approvals; fines, injunctions or civil penalties; recalls or product corrections; 
production suspensions; and criminal prosecution. FDA regulation of our products could increase our operating costs, delay or 
prevent the marketing of new or existing products, and adversely affect our revenue growth.

Security and Privacy of Patient Information. Federal, state and local laws regulate the privacy and security of patient 
records and the circumstances under which those records may be released. These regulations govern both the disclosure and use 
of confidential patient medical record information and require the users of such information to implement specified security and 
privacy measures. United States regulations currently in place governing electronic health data transmissions continue to evolve 
and are often unclear and difficult to apply.

In the United States, HIPAA regulations require national standards for some types of electronic health information 
transactions and the data elements used in those transactions, security standards to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of 
health information, and standards to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information. Covered entities under 
HIPAA, which include healthcare organizations such as our clients, and our claims processing, transmission and submission 
services, are required to comply with the privacy standards, transaction regulations and security regulations. Moreover, 
HITECH and associated regulatory requirements extend many of the HIPAA obligations, formerly imposed only upon covered 
entities, to business associates as well. As a business associate of our clients who are covered entities, we are in most instances 
already contractually required to ensure compliance with the HIPAA regulations as they pertain to the handling of covered 
client data. However, the extension of these HIPAA obligations to business associates by law has created a direct liability risk 
related to the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information.

Evolving HIPAA and HITECH-related laws or regulations could restrict the ability of our clients to obtain, use or 
disseminate patient information. This could adversely affect demand for our solutions and devices if they are not re-designed in 
a timely manner in order to meet the requirements of any new interpretations or regulations that seek to protect the privacy and 
security of patient data or enable our clients to execute new or modified healthcare transactions. We may need to expend 
additional capital and software development and other resources to modify our solutions to address these evolving data security 
and privacy issues. Furthermore, our failure to maintain the confidentiality of sensitive personal information in accordance with 
the applicable regulatory requirements could damage our reputation and expose us to claims, fines and penalties.

Federal and state statutes and regulations have granted broad enforcement powers to regulatory agencies to investigate 
and enforce compliance with these privacy and security laws and regulations. Federal and state enforcement personnel have 
substantial funding, powers and remedies to pursue suspected or perceived violations. If we fail to comply with any applicable 
laws or regulations, we could be subject to civil penalties, sanctions or other liability. Enforcement investigations, even if 
meritless, could have a negative impact on our reputation, cause us to lose existing clients or limit our ability to attract new 
clients.

ARRA Meaningful Use Program. The ARRA requires "meaningful use of certified electronic health record technology" by 

healthcare providers by 2015 in order to receive limited incentive payments and to avoid related reduced reimbursement rates 
for Medicare claims. Related standards and specifications are subject to interpretation by the entities designated to certify such 
technology. While a combination of our solutions has been certified as meeting both stage one and stage two standards for 
certified electronic health record technology, the regulatory standards to achieve certification will continue to evolve over time. 

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We may incur increased development costs and delays in delivering solutions if we need to upgrade our software or healthcare 
devices to be in compliance with these varying and evolving standards. In addition, delays in interpreting these standards may 
result in postponement or cancellation of our clients’ decisions to purchase our software solutions. If our software solutions are 
not compliant with these evolving standards, our market position and sales could be impaired and we may have to invest 
significantly in changes to our software solutions.

Interoperability Standards. Our clients are concerned with and often require that our software and systems be 

interoperable with other third party healthcare information technology systems. Market forces or governmental or regulatory 
authorities could create software interoperability standards that would apply to our software and systems, and if our software 
and systems are not consistent with those standards, we could be forced to incur substantial additional development costs. For 
example, the HITECH Act contains interoperability standards that healthcare providers are required to adhere to in order to 
receive stimulus funds from the federal government under the ARRA. Compliance with these and related standards is becoming 
a competitive requirement and, although a combination of our solutions has been certified as meeting all such required 
interoperability standards to date, maintaining such compliance with these varying and evolving rules may result in increased 
development costs and delays in upgrading our client software and systems. To the extent these rules are narrowly construed, 
subsequently changed or supplemented, or that we are delayed in achieving certification under these evolving rules for 
applicable products, our clients may postpone or cancel their decisions to purchase or implement our software and systems.

As it relates specifically to interoperability, we are a member of CommonWell Health Alliance ("CommonWell"), a not-

for-profit trade association comprised of healthcare information technology vendors devoted to the notion that patient data 
should be safely, securely and immediately available to patients and healthcare providers to support better care delivery, 
regardless of where that care occurs. CommonWell is committed to fostering standards that make this possible, and to having 
healthcare information technology companies embed these capabilities natively and cost effectively into their EHR systems. 
Despite our membership in CommonWell, there is no guarantee that we will successfully manage the interoperability of our 
software and systems with third-party health IT providers.

Standards for Submission of Healthcare Claims. Effective October 2015, CMS mandated the use of new patient codes for 

reporting medical diagnosis and inpatient procedures, referred to as the ICD-10 codes. CMS requires all providers, payors, 
clearinghouses and billing services to utilize these ICD-10 codes when submitting claims for payment. ICD-10 codes affect 
medical diagnosis and inpatient procedure coding for everyone covered by HIPAA, not just those who submit Medicare or 
Medicaid claims. Claims for services must use ICD-10 codes for medical diagnosis and inpatient procedures or they will not be 
paid.  While we have successfully implemented the use of ICD-10 codes within our products and services, the possibility exists 
for similar future mandates by CMS. If our products and services do not accommodate CMS mandates at any future date, 
clients may cease to use those products and services that are not compliant and may choose alternative vendors and products 
that are compliant. This could adversely impact future revenues.

Economic, market and other factors may cause a decline in spending for information technology and services by our 
current and prospective clients which may result in less demand for our products, lower prices and, consequently, lower 
revenues and a lower revenue growth rate.

The purchase of our information system involves a significant financial commitment by our clients. At the same time, the 

healthcare industry faces significant financial pressures that could adversely affect overall spending on healthcare information 
technology and services. For example, the economic recession in 2007-2009 and continued decrease in availability of credit to 
hospitals, combined with actual and potential further reductions in federal and state funding for Medicare and Medicaid, has 
caused hospitals to reduce, eliminate or postpone information technology related and other spending. To the extent spending for 
healthcare information technology and services declines or increases slower than we anticipate, demand for our products and 
services, as well as the prices we charge, could be adversely affected. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to 
increase or maintain our revenues or our revenue growth rate.

There are a limited number of hospitals in our target market. Saturation or consolidation in the healthcare industry could 
result in the loss of existing clients, a reduction in our potential client base and downward pressure on the prices of our 
products and services.

The limited number of hospitals with 200 or fewer acute care beds in our general target market for our acute care product 

and service offerings has resulted in an ever narrowing market for new system installations which could materially and 
adversely impact our business, financial condition and operating results.  

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We have identified opportunities for continued growth and expansion in the form of (1) an expanded replacement market 

for EHRs as certain existing EHR vendors have struggled and are expected to continue to struggle with the expanding 
requirements of the ARRA's EHR adoption program, (2) selective expansion into English-speaking international markets, and 
(3) targeted expansion of the footprint for our ambulatory solutions by aggressively targeting physician practices in those 
communities where the local hospital is a current CPSI client. Although we have formulated strategic responses for capitalizing 
on each of the identified opportunities, there is no guarantee that such responses will ultimately prove successful.  Additionally, 
to the extent that these opportunities fail to develop or develop more slowly than expected, our business, financial condition and 
operating results could be materially and adversely impacted.

Furthermore, many healthcare providers have consolidated to create larger healthcare delivery enterprises with greater 

market power. If this consolidation continues, we could lose existing clients and could experience a decrease in the number of 
potential purchasers of our products and services. The loss of existing and potential clients due to industry consolidation could 
cause our revenue growth rate to decline. 

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMPANY

Volatility in and disruption to the global capital and credit markets and tightened lending standards may adversely affect our 
ability to access credit in the future, the cost of any credit obtained in the future, and the financial soundness of our clients 
and our business.

Domestic and international events have frequently resulted in volatility and disruption to the global capital and credit 

markets, often adversely affecting the availability, terms and cost of credit. Although we believe that our operating cash flow 
and financial assets will give us the ability to meet our financing needs for the foreseeable future, there can be no assurance that 
the volatility and disruption in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our liquidity or increase the costs of any 
future borrowing.

Our business could also be negatively impacted to the extent that our hospital clients continue to face tight capital and 
credit markets and other disruptions resulting from the prior economic recession or cuts in Medicare and Medicaid funding. 
Hospitals may modify, delay or cancel plans to purchase our software systems or services. Additionally, if hospitals’ operating 
and financial performance deteriorates, or if they are unable to make scheduled payments or obtain credit, they may not be able 
to pay, or may delay payment of, accounts receivable owed to us. Any inability of clients to pay us for our products and services 
may adversely affect our earnings and cash flow.

Tightened lending standards and the absence of third-party credit has resulted in many of our hospital clients seeking 
financing arrangements from us to purchase our software systems and services. These financing arrangements impact our short-
term operating cash flow and cash available. Should the requests for these financing arrangements continue or increase, our 
business could be negatively impacted by our inability to finance these arrangements. In addition, the absence of credit could 
negatively impact our existing financing receivables should our clients with financing arrangements be unable to meet their 
obligations.

Our substantial indebtedness may adversely affect our available cash flow and our ability to operate our business, remain in 
compliance with debt covenants and make payments on our indebtedness.

In connection with the acquisition of HHI we incurred substantial indebtedness. As of December 31, 2017, we had 
approximately $143.5 million of indebtedness, which includes $115.5 million under our Term Loan Facility and $28.0 million 
borrowed under our Revolving Credit Facility. We also had $17.0 million of unused commitments under our Revolving Credit 
Facility as of December 31, 2017.

Our substantial indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay, when due, 

the principal of, interest on or other amounts due in respect of our indebtedness. Our substantial indebtedness, combined with 
our other financial obligations and contractual commitments, could have important consequences. For example, it could:

•  make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness, and any failure to comply with 
the obligations under any of our debt instruments, including restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default 
under such instruments;

•  make us more vulnerable to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse 

changes in government regulation;

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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby 
reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general 
corporate purposes; 

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less highly leveraged and therefore able to 
take advantage of opportunities that our indebtedness prevents us from exploiting; and

limit our ability to borrow additional amounts for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service 
requirements, execution of our business strategy or other purposes.

Any of the above listed factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and 
financial condition. Furthermore, our interest expense could increase if interest rates increase because our debt bears interest at 
floating rates, which could adversely affect our cash flows. If we do not have sufficient earnings to service our debt, we may be 
required to refinance all or part of our existing debt, sell assets, borrow more money or sell securities, none of which we can 
guarantee we will be able to do.

In addition, the Credit Agreement governing our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility contains restrictive 

covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. A breach of any of these 
restrictive covenants, if not cured or waived, could result in an event of default that could trigger acceleration of our 
indebtedness and may result in the acceleration of or default under any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default 
provision applies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. The Credit Agreement 
requires compliance with a consolidated leverage ratio test. In addition, the Credit Agreement requires prepayment of the 
outstanding indebtedness thereunder if we have certain excess cash flow, as described therein. The Credit Agreement requires 
us to mandatorily prepay the Term Loan Facility and amounts borrowed under the Revolving Credit Facility with net cash 
proceeds from certain financing and other transactions. Additionally, the Credit Agreement requires repayment of the facilities 
with 75% (50% for 2019 and thereafter) of excess cash flow (minus certain specified other payments), subject to elimination if 
our consolidated leverage ratio is less than or equal to 2.5 to 1.0.

Despite our current indebtedness levels, we and our subsidiaries may still be able to incur substantially more debt, which 
could exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial leverage.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, including secured 

indebtedness. Although the Credit Agreement governing our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility contains 
restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of significant qualifications 
and exceptions, and the indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. If new debt is added to 
our or our subsidiaries’ current debt levels, the related risks that we face would be increased.

To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many 
factors beyond our control, and any failure to meet our debt service obligations could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.

Our ability to pay interest on and principal of our debt obligations principally depends upon our operating performance. 

As a result, prevailing economic conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, 
will affect our ability to make these payments.

If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to satisfy our debt service obligations, we may have to 
undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our indebtedness, selling assets, reducing or delaying 
capital investments or capital expenditures or seeking to raise additional capital. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt, 
if at all, will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our 
debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict 
our business operations. In addition, the terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of 
these alternatives. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt service obligations, or to refinance our 
obligations at all or on commercially reasonable terms, could affect our ability to satisfy our debt obligations and have a 
material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.

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The terms of the Credit Agreement governing our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility may restrict our current 
and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to changes in our business or to take certain actions.

Our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility contain, and any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, 
a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating restrictions, including restrictions on our ability to engage in 
acts that may be in our best long-term interests.

The Credit Agreement governing our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility includes covenants restricting, 

among other things, our ability to:

• 

incur additional debt; 

• 

incur liens and encumbrances;

•  pay dividends on our equity securities or payments to redeem, repurchase or retire our equity securities;

•  enter into restrictive agreements; 

•  make investments, loans and acquisitions; 

•  merge or consolidate with any other person; 

•  dispose of assets; 

•  enter into sale and leaseback transactions; 

•  engage in transactions with our affiliates; and 

•  materially alter the business we conduct.

The operating restrictions and covenants in these debt agreements and any future financing agreements may adversely 
affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities. Our ability to comply 
with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, and any material deviations from our forecasts could 
require us to seek waivers or amendments of covenants, alternative sources of financing or reductions in expenditures. In 
addition, the outstanding indebtedness under our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility is, subject to certain 
exceptions, secured by security interests in substantially all of our and the subsidiary guarantors’ tangible and intangible assets 
(subject to certain exceptions). A breach of any of the restrictive covenants in the Credit Agreement governing our Term Loan 
Facility and Revolving Credit Facility would result in a default, and our lenders may elect to declare all outstanding 
borrowings, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable, or enforce and foreclose on their 
security interest and liquidate some or all of such pledged assets. The lenders under our Term Loan Facility and Revolving 
Credit Facility also have the right in these circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide further 
borrowings.

We are exposed to market risk related to interest rate changes.

We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates as a result of the floating interest rates applicable to the 

outstanding debt under our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility. The interest rate for the outstanding debt under 
our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility as of December 31, 2017 was 4.875%. Borrowings under our Term Loan 
Facility and Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a base rate, a LIBOR rate, or a combination of the two, as elected by us, 
plus an applicable margin. The base rate is determined by reference to the greatest of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions 
Bank, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant interest period plus one half of one percent per annum and (c) the one month 
LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum. The LIBOR rate is determined by reference to the interest rate for dollar deposits in 
the London interbank market for the interest period relevant to such borrowings, adjusted as set forth in the Credit Agreement. 
There is no cap on the maximum interest rate for borrowings under our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility. 

We may engage in future acquisitions. Such strategic acquisitions may be expensive, time consuming, and subject to other 
inherent risks which may jeopardize our ability to realize anticipated benefits.

We may acquire additional businesses, technologies and products if we determine that these additional businesses, 

technologies and products are likely to serve our strategic goals. Acquisitions, including the HHI acquisition, have inherent 
risks, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results or prospects, including, 
but not limited to the following:

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• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

significant acquisition and integration costs; 

failure to achieve projected synergies and performance targets;

potentially dilutive issuances of our securities, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities and amortization 
expenses related to intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, which could adversely affect our results of operations 
and financial condition;

using cash as acquisition currency may adversely affect interest or investment income, which may in turn adversely 
affect our earnings and/or earnings per share;

difficulty in fully or effectively integrating the acquired technologies, software products, services, business practices or 
personnel, which would prevent us from realizing the intended benefits of the acquisition;

failure to maintain uniform standard controls, policies and procedures across acquired businesses;

difficulty in predicting and responding to issues related to product transition such as development, distribution and 
client support;

the possible adverse effect of such acquisitions on existing relationships with third party partners and suppliers of 
technologies and services;

the possibility that staff or clients of the acquired companies might not accept new ownership and may transition to 
different technologies or attempt to renegotiate contract terms or relationships, including maintenance or support 
agreements;

the assumption of known and unknown liabilities;

the possibility that the due diligence process in any such acquisition may not completely identify material issues 
associated with product quality, product architecture, product development, intellectual property issues, key personnel 
issues or legal and financial contingencies, including any deficiencies in internal controls and procedures and the costs 
associated with remedying such deficiencies;

difficulty in entering geographic and/or business markets in which we have no or limited prior experience;

diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; and

the possibility that acquired assets become impaired, requiring us to take a charge to earnings which could be 
significant.

A failure to successfully integrate acquired businesses or technology in a timely manner could, for any of these reasons, 

have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. As a result, we may not be able to realize the 
expected benefits that we seek to achieve from the acquisitions, which could also affect our ability to service our debt 
obligations. In addition, we may be required to spend additional time or money on integration that otherwise would be spent on 
the development and expansion of our business.

Competition with companies that have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we have could result in a 
loss of clients and/or a lowering of prices for our products, causing a decrease in our revenues and/or market share.

Our principal competitors are Cerner Corporation, athenahealth, Inc., Medical Information Technology, Inc. 
("Meditech"), and MEDHOST, Inc. These companies compete with us directly in our target market of small and midsize 
hospitals. They offer products and systems that are comparable to our solutions and address the needs of hospitals in the 
markets we serve.

Our secondary competitors in the acute care EHR market include Change Healthcare Holdings, Inc., Allscripts Healthcare 

Solutions, Inc., and Epic Systems Corporation. These companies are significantly larger than we are, and they typically sell 
their products and services to larger hospitals outside of our target market. However, they will sometimes compete with us 
directly or, more commonly, a larger health system who uses a system provided by one of these competitors will offer it to a 
smaller hospital as part of a merger or alliance. 

26

We also face competition from providers of practice management systems, general decision support and database 
systems, and other segment-specific applications. Any of these companies, as well as other technology or healthcare companies 
could decide at any time to specifically target hospitals within our target market.

Our principal competitors in the post-acute care EHR market are PointClickCare Corporation, MatrixCare, Inc., and 

HealthMEDX, LLC. These companies compete with us directly in our target market of long-term post-acute care facilities.  
They offer products and systems that are comparable to our system and address the needs of long-term care providers. 

Our principal competitors in the business management, consulting and managed information technology services market 
are Healthcare Resource Group, Inc., Resolution Health, Inc., The Outsource Group Inc.,Patient Focus, Inc, Xtend Healthcare 
Inc., Ensemble Health Partners, and nThrive, Inc. All of these companies provide one or more of the services we offer, with 
their primary focus being on business management services. The services they offer are comparable in scope to the competing 
services we offer. These companies all focus on providing services to the healthcare market.  Secondary competitors include 
ARx LLC, Citadel Outsource Group LLC, Patient Matters, LLC, KIWI-TEK, LLC, and Aviacode Inc. Our principle 
competitors for RCM solutions include RelayHealth Corp, SSI Group, LLC, Quadax Inc., Change Healthcare Holdings, Inc., 
Availity, LLC, and Navicure, Inc.

A number of existing and potential competitors are more established than we are and have greater name recognition and 

financial, technical and marketing resources. Products of our competitors may have better performance, lower prices and 
broader market acceptance than our products. We expect increased competition that could cause us to lose clients, lower our 
prices to remain competitive and, consequently, experience lower revenues, revenue growth and profit margins.

Our failure to develop new products or enhance current products in response to market demands could adversely impact our 
competitive position and require substantial capital resources to correct.

The needs of hospitals in our target market are subject to rapid change due to government regulation, trends in clinical 

care practices and technological advancements. As a result of these changes, our products may quickly become obsolete or less 
competitive. New product introductions and enhancements by our competitors that more effectively or timely respond to 
changing industry needs may weaken our competitive position.

We continually redesign and enhance our products to incorporate new technologies and adapt our products to ever-
changing hardware and software platforms. Often we face difficult choices regarding which new technologies to adopt. If we 
fail to anticipate or respond adequately to technological advancements, or experience significant delays in product development 
or introduction, our competitive position could be negatively affected. Moreover, our failure to offer products acceptable to our 
target market could require us to make significant capital investments and incur higher operating costs to redesign our products, 
which could negatively affect our financial condition and operating results.

Our products assist clinical decision-making and related care by capturing, maintaining and reporting relevant patient data. 
If our products fail to provide accurate and timely information, our clients could assert claims against us that could result in 
substantial cost to us, harm our reputation in the industry and cause demand for our products to decline.

We provide products that assist clinical decision-making and related care by capturing, maintaining and reporting relevant 

patient data. Our products could fail or produce inaccurate results due to a variety of reasons, including mechanical error, 
product flaws, faulty installation and/or human error during the initial data conversion. If our products fail to provide accurate 
and timely information, clients and/or patients could sue us to hold us responsible for losses they incur from these errors. These 
lawsuits, regardless of merit or outcome, could result in substantial cost to us, divert management’s attention from operations 
and decrease market acceptance of our products. We attempt to limit by contract our liability for damages arising from 
negligence, errors or mistakes. Despite this precaution, such contract provisions may not be enforceable or may not otherwise 
protect us from liability for damages. We maintain general liability insurance coverage, including coverage for errors or 
omissions. However, this coverage may not be sufficient to cover one or more large claims against us or otherwise continue to 
be available on terms acceptable to us. In addition, the insurer could disclaim coverage as to any future claim.

Breaches of security and viruses in our systems could result in client claims against us and harm to our reputation causing 
us to incur expenses and/or lose clients.

In the course of our business operations, we compile and transmit confidential information, including patient health 
information. We have included security features in our systems that are intended to protect the privacy and integrity of this 
information. Despite the existence of these security features, our system may experience break-ins and similar disruptive 
problems that could jeopardize the security of information stored in and transmitted through the information technology 

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networks of our clients. In addition, the other systems with which we may interface, such as the Internet and related systems, 
may be vulnerable to security breaches, viruses, programming errors or similar disruptive problems. Based on the size of our 
company, the industry in which we operate, and the overall percentage of impacted companies in the same or similar industry, it 
is probable there will be attempts to breach our security. Healthcare information has become a prime target for attackers based 
on the value of the information and, therefore, has the potential to increase the risk of us experiencing a cyber attack.

Our systems have experienced various immaterial breaches in the past, including ransomware, denial-of-service, 
malware, and phishing. Also, our business partners have experienced security breaches, which is disruptive for our customers. 
While these events have not had an adverse impact on our business or financial condition, security breaches such as these could 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, as, (a) clients could sue us for breaches of security involving our 
system due to the sensitivity of the medical information we compile and transmit; (b) actual or perceived security breaches in 
our system could harm the market perception of our products which could cause us to lose existing and prospective clients; and 
(c) the effect of security breaches and related issues could disrupt our ability to perform certain key business functions and 
could potentially reduce demand for our products and services. Accordingly, we have expended significant resources toward 
establishing and enhancing the security of our related infrastructures and we have enhanced our cybersecurity risk management 
program and disclosure controls and procedures, as discussed under "Business - Our Products and Services." However, no 
assurance can be given that these efforts will be sufficient to protect against a breach or other cybersecurity incident. Also, 
maintaining and enhancing our infrastructure security may require us to expend significant capital in the future.

New products that we introduce or enhancements to our existing products may contain undetected errors or problems that 
could affect client satisfaction and cause a decrease in revenues.

Highly complex software products such as ours sometimes contain undetected errors or failures when first introduced or 

when updates and new versions are released. Tests of our products may not detect bugs or errors because it is difficult to 
simulate our clients’ wide variety of computing environments. Despite extensive testing, from time to time we have discovered 
defects or errors in our products. Defects or errors discovered in our products could cause delays in product introductions and 
shipments, result in increased costs and diversion of development resources, require design modifications, decrease market 
acceptance or client satisfaction with our products, cause a loss of revenue, result in legal actions by our clients and cause 
increased insurance costs.

Most of our facilities are located in an area vulnerable to hurricanes and tropical storms, and the occurrence of a severe 
hurricane, similar storm or other natural disaster could cause damage to our facilities and equipment, which could require 
us to cease or limit our operations.

A significant portion of our facilities and employees are located within 30 miles of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Our 

facilities are vulnerable to significant damage or destruction from hurricanes and tropical storms. We are also vulnerable to 
damage from other types of disasters, including tornadoes, fires, floods and similar events. If any disaster were to occur, our 
ability to conduct business at our facilities could be seriously impaired or completely destroyed. This would have adverse 
consequences for our clients who depend on us for system support or business management, consulting and managed IT 
services. Also, the servers of clients who use our remote access services could be damaged or destroyed in any such disaster. 
This would have potentially devastating consequences to those clients. Although we have an emergency recovery plan, 
including back-up systems in remote locations, there can be no assurance that this plan will effectively prevent the interruption 
of our business due to a natural disaster. Furthermore, the insurance we maintain may not be adequate to cover our losses 
resulting from any natural disaster or other business interruption.

Interruptions in our power supply and/or telecommunications capabilities could disrupt our operations, cause us to lose 
revenues and/or increase our expenses.

We currently have backup generators to be used as alternative sources of power in the event of a loss of power to our 

facilities. If these generators were to fail during any power outage, we would be temporarily unable to continue operations at 
our facilities. This would have adverse consequences for our clients who depend on us for system support, business 
management, and managed IT and professional services. Any such interruption in operations at our facilities could damage our 
reputation, harm our ability to retain existing clients and obtain new clients, and result in lost revenue and increased insurance 
and other operating costs.

We also have clients for whom we store and maintain computer servers containing critical patient and administrative data. 
Those clients access this data remotely through telecommunications lines. If our power generators fail during any power outage 
or if our telecommunications lines are severed or impaired for any reason, those clients would be unable to access their mission 

28

critical data causing an interruption in their operations. In such event our remote access clients and/or their patients could seek 
to hold us responsible for any losses. We would also potentially lose those clients, and our reputation could be harmed.

If we are unable to attract and retain qualified client service and support personnel, our business and operating results will 
suffer.

Our client service and support is a key component of our business. Most of our hospital clients have small information 

technology staffs, and they depend on us to service and support their systems. Future difficulty in attracting, training and 
retaining capable client service and support personnel could cause a decrease in the overall quality of our client service and 
support. That decrease would have a negative effect on client satisfaction which could cause us to lose existing clients and 
could have an adverse effect on our new client sales. The loss of clients due to inadequate client service and support would 
negatively impact our ability to continue to grow our business.

We do not have employment or non-competition agreements with most of our key personnel, and their departure could harm 
our future success.

Our future success depends to a significant extent on the leadership and performance of our chief executive officer and 

other executive officers. We do not have employment or non-competition agreements with most of our executive officers. 
Therefore, they may terminate their employment with us at any time and may compete against us. The loss of the services of 
any of our executive officers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to manage our growth in the new markets we may enter, our business and financial results could suffer. 

Our future financial results will depend in part on our ability to profitably manage our business in new markets that we 

may enter. We are engaging in the strategic identification of, and competition for, growth and expansion opportunities in new 
markets or offerings.  In order to successfully execute on these future initiatives, we will need to, among other things, manage 
changing business conditions and develop expertise in areas outside of our business's traditional core competencies. Difficulties 
in managing future growth in new markets could have a significant negative impact on our business, financial condition and 
results of operations.

Because we believe that proprietary rights are material to our success, misappropriation of these rights could limit our 
ability to compete effectively and adversely affect our financial condition.

We are heavily dependent on the maintenance and protection of our intellectual property and we rely largely on a 
combination of confidentiality provisions in our client agreements, employee nondisclosure agreements, trademark and trade 
secret laws and other measures to protect our intellectual property. Additionally, our software is not patented or copyrighted. 
Although we attempt to control access to our intellectual property, unauthorized persons may attempt to copy or otherwise use 
our intellectual property. There can be no assurance that the legal protections and precautions we take will be adequate to 
prevent misappropriation of our technology or that competitors will not independently develop technologies equivalent or 
superior to ours. Monitoring unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult, and the steps we have taken may not 
prevent unauthorized use. If our competitors gain access to our intellectual property, our competitive position in the industry 
could be damaged. An inability to compete effectively could cause us to lose existing and potential clients and experience lower 
revenues, revenue growth and profit margins. Third parties could obtain patents that may require us to negotiate licenses to 
conduct our business, and the required licenses may not be available on reasonable terms or at all. We also rely on 
nondisclosure agreements with certain employees, and we cannot be certain that these agreements will not be breached or that 
we will have adequate remedies for any breach.

If we are deemed to infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, we could incur unanticipated expense and be 
prevented from providing our products and services if we cannot obtain licenses to these rights on commercially acceptable 
terms.

We do not believe that our operations or products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. However, there 

can be no assurance that others will not assert infringement or trade secret claims against us with respect to our current or future 
products. Many participants in the technology industry have an increasing number of patents and patent applications and have 
frequently demonstrated a readiness to take legal action based on allegations of patent and other intellectual property 
infringement. Further, as the number and functionality of our products increase, we believe we may become increasingly 
subject to the risk of infringement claims. If infringement claims are brought against us, these assertions could distract 
management. We may have to spend a significant amount of money and time to defend or settle those claims. In addition, 

29

claims against third parties from which we purchase software could adversely affect our ability to access third-party software 
for our systems.

If we were found to infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, we could be forced to pay significant license 
fees or damages for infringement. If we were unable to obtain licenses to these rights on commercially acceptable terms, we 
would be required to discontinue the sale of our products that contain the infringing technology. Our clients would also be 
required to discontinue the use of those products. We are unable to insure against this risk on an economically feasible basis. 
Even if we were to prevail in an infringement lawsuit, the accompanying publicity could adversely impact the demand for our 
products. Under some circumstances, we agree to indemnify our clients for some types of infringement claims that may arise 
from the use of our products.

We face the risks and uncertainties that are associated with litigation against us, which may adversely impact our marketing, 
distract management and have a negative impact upon our business, results of operations and financial condition.  

We face the risks associated with litigation concerning the operation of our business. For example, companies in our 

industry, including many of our competitors, have been subject to litigation based on allegations of patent infringement or other 
violations of intellectual property rights. In particular, patent holding companies often engage in litigation to seek to monetize 
patents that they have obtained. As the number of competitors, patents and patent holding companies in our industry increases, 
the functionality of our products and services expands, and we enter into new geographies and markets, the number of 
intellectual property rights-related actions against us is likely to continue to increase. The uncertainty associated with 
substantial unresolved litigation may have an adverse effect on our business. In particular, such litigation could impair our 
relationships with existing clients and our ability to obtain new clients. Defending such litigation may result in a diversion of 
management's time and attention away from business operations, which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. Such litigation may also have the effect of discouraging potential acquirers from bidding for 
us or reducing the consideration such acquirers would otherwise be willing to pay in connection with an acquisition.

There can be no assurance that such litigation will not result in liability in excess of our insurance coverage, that our 
insurance will cover such claims or that appropriate insurance will continue to be available to us in the future at commercially 
reasonable rates.

We are dependent on the continued and unimpeded access to the Internet by us and our clients, which is not within our 
control.

We deliver Internet-based services and, accordingly, depend on our ability and the ability of our clients to access the 
Internet. This access is currently provided by third parties that have significant market power in the broadband and Internet 
access marketplace, including incumbent telephone companies, cable companies, mobile communications companies and 
government-owned service providers - all of whom are outside of our control. In the event of any difficulties, outages and 
delays by Internet service providers, we may be impeded from providing services, resulting in a loss of potential or existing 
clients.

We may be subject to liability in the event we provide inaccurate claims data to payors.

We offer electronic claims submission services as part of our business management services. While we have implemented 
certain product features designed to maximize the accuracy and completeness of claims submissions, these features may not be 
sufficient to prevent inaccurate claims data from being submitted to payors. Should inaccurate claims data be submitted to 
payors, we may be subject to liability claims.

We are dependent on our licenses of rights, products and services from third parties, disruptions of which may cause us to 
discontinue, delay or reduce product shipments.

We are increasingly dependent upon licenses for some of the technology used in our products as well as other products 

and services from third-party vendors, and the costs of these licenses have increased in recent years. Most of these 
arrangements can be continued/renewed only by mutual consent and may be terminated for any number of reasons. We may not 
be able to continue using the technology, products or services made available to us under these arrangements on commercially 
reasonable terms or at all. As a result, we may have to discontinue, delay or reduce product shipments or services provided until 
we can obtain equivalent technology or services. Most of our third-party licenses are non-exclusive. Our competitors may 
obtain the right to use any of the business elements covered by these arrangements and use these elements to compete directly 
with us. In addition, if our vendors choose to discontinue providing their technology, products or services in the future or are 
unsuccessful in their continued research and development efforts, we may not be able to modify or adapt our own products.

30

As a result of the inherent limitations in our internal control over financial reporting, misstatements due to error or fraud 
may occur and not be detected.

           Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be 
disclosed by us in reports we file with or submit to the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) is 
accumulated and communicated to management and recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods 
specified in SEC rules and forms. We believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, 
no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the 
control system are met. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that 
breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. In addition, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of 
some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by an unauthorized override of the controls.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK

We are subject to changes in and interpretations of financial accounting matters that govern the measurement of our 
performance, one or more of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, revenue and results 
of operations.

Based on our reading and interpretations of relevant guidance, principles or concepts issued by, among other authorities, 

the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Securities and 
Exchange Commission, we believe revenue received pursuant to our current sales and licensing contract terms and business 
arrangements have been properly recognized. However, there continue to be issued interpretations and guidance for applying 
the relevant standards to a wide range of sales and licensing contract terms and business arrangements that are prevalent in the 
software industry. Future interpretations or changes by the regulators of existing accounting standards, including ASC Topic 
985-606, or changes in our business practices could result in changes in our revenue recognition and/or other accounting 
policies and practices that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, revenue and results of 
operations.

We may be required to record a significant charge to earnings if our goodwill or intangible assets become impaired.

We are required under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") to test our goodwill for impairment 

annually or more frequently if indicators for potential impairment exist. Indicators that are considered include significant 
changes in performance relative to expected operating results, significant changes in the use of the assets, significant negative 
industry, or economic trends, or a significant decline in the Company's stock price and/or market capitalization for a sustained 
period of time. In addition, we periodically review our intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that may be considered a change in 
circumstances indicating that the carrying value of our intangible assets may not be recoverable include slower growth rates, the 
loss of significant clients, or divestiture of a business or asset for less than its carrying value. We may be required to record a 
significant charge to earnings in our consolidated financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our 
goodwill or intangible assets is determined. For example, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $28.0 million in the 
fourth quarter of 2017 relating to our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit, which consists soley of American HealthTech, which 
we acquired in January 2016 as part of our acquisition of HHI. This impairment charge had a significant negative effect on our 
consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Any future impairment charges could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. There are inherent 

uncertainties in management's estimates, judgments and assumptions used in assessing recoverability of goodwill and 
intangible assets. Any changes in key assumptions, including failure to meet business plans, a deterioration in the market, or 
other unanticipated events and circumstances, may affect the accuracy or validity of such estimates and could potentially result 
in an impairment charge. 

The unpredictability of our quarterly operating results may cause us to fail to meet revenues or earnings expectations which 
could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate or decline.

There is no assurance that consistent quarterly growth in our business will occur. Our quarterly revenues may fluctuate 

and may be difficult to forecast for a variety of reasons. For example, prospective clients often take significant time evaluating 
our system and related services before making a purchase decision. Moreover, a prospective client who has placed an order for 
our system could decide to cancel that order or postpone installation of the ordered system. If a prospective client delays or 
cancels a scheduled system installation during any quarter, we may not be able to schedule a substitute system installation 

31

during that quarter. The amount of revenues that would have been generated from that installation will be postponed or lost. The 
possibility of delays or cancellations of scheduled system installations could cause our quarterly revenues to fluctuate.

The following factors may also affect demand for our products and services and cause our quarterly revenues to fluctuate:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

changes in client budgets and purchasing priorities;

the ability of our clients to obtain financing for the purchase of our products;

the financial stability of our clients;

the specific mix of software, hardware and services in orders from clients;

the timing of new product announcements and product introductions by us and our competitors;

•  market acceptance of new products, product enhancements and services from us and our competitors;

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

product and price competition;

our success in expanding our sales and marketing programs;

the availability and cost of system components;

delay of revenue recognition to future quarters due to an increase in the sales of our remote access SaaS services;

the length of sales cycles and installation processes;

changes in revenue recognition or other accounting guidelines employed by us and/or established by the Financial 
Accounting Standards Board or other rulemaking bodies;

accounting policies concerning the timing of recognition of revenue;

personnel changes; and

general market and economic factors.

Variations in our quarterly revenues may adversely affect our operating results. In each fiscal quarter, our expense levels, 

operating costs and hiring plans are based on projections of future revenues and are relatively fixed. Because a significant 
percentage of our expenses are relatively fixed, a variation in the timing of systems sales, implementations and installations can 
cause significant variations in operating results from quarter to quarter. As a result, we believe that interim period-to-period 
comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future 
performance. Further, our historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of future performance for any particular 
period.

During 2017, we recognized revenue pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards 

Codification ("ASC") Topic 985-605, Software, Revenue Recognition, or ASC 985-605. As of January 1, 2018, we recognize 
revenue pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606. ASC 606 summarizes the 
FASB’s views in applying generally accepted accounting principles to revenue recognition in financial statements. There can be 
no assurance that application and subsequent interpretations of this pronouncement will not further modify our revenue 
recognition policies, or that such modifications would not adversely affect our operating results reported in any particular 
quarter or year.

Due to all of the foregoing factors, it is possible that our operating results may be below the expectations of securities 

analysts and investors. In such event, the price of our common stock would likely be adversely affected.

Our common stock price has periodically experienced significant volatility, which could result in substantial losses for 
investors purchasing shares of our common stock and in litigation against us.

Volatility may be caused by a number of factors including but not limited to:

• 

• 

actual or anticipated quarterly variations in operating results;

rumors about our performance, software solutions, or merger and acquisition activity;

32

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

changes in expectations of future financial performance or changes in estimates of securities analysts;

governmental regulatory action;

healthcare reform measures;

client relationship developments;

purchases or sales of Company stock;

changes occurring in the markets in general;

•  macroeconomic conditions, both nationally and internationally; and

• 

other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

Furthermore, the stock market in general, and the market for software, healthcare and high technology companies in 

particular, has experienced significant volatility in recent years that often has been unrelated to the operating performance of 
particular companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common 
stock, regardless of actual operating performance.

Moreover, in the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following periods of 

volatility in the market price of its securities. We may in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could 
result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources.

If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, this may adversely affect investor confidence in our 
company and, as a result, the value of our common stock.

          We are required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to furnish a report by management on the effectiveness of 
our internal control over financial reporting and to include a report by our independent auditors attesting to such effectiveness. 
Any failure by us to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could adversely affect our ability to report 
accurately our financial condition or results of operations. 

          As discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (under "Controls and 
Procedures"), our management concluded that, as of December 31, 2016, we had a material weakness in our internal control 
over financial reporting related to our business combination processes. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of 
deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement 
of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We have remediated the 
identified material weakness, but no assurances can be given that management will not identify in the future internal control 
deficiencies, with respect to business combination processes or otherwise, that constitute a material weakness in our internal 
control over financial reporting or that any such material weakness will be remediated in a timely fashion.

          If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting,or if our independent auditors determine 
that we have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, we could lose investor confidence in the 
accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our common stock could decline, and we could be 
subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our 
internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public 
companies, also could restrict our future access to the capital markets. 

33

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

Our corporate campus is located on approximately 16.5 acres in Mobile, Alabama and includes approximately 135,500 

square feet of office space. Our main campus headquarters building consists of approximately 66,000 square feet of office and 
warehouse space. We also have eleven additional smaller campus buildings consisting of approximately 6,000 square feet of 
office space each and an additional campus building consisting of approximately 3,500 square feet. The Company also owns 
11.3 acres of undeveloped real property adjacent to our corporate campus.

We lease the remainder of our facilities in various locations in the United States, including: Fairhope, Alabama; Pottsville, 

Pennsylvania; Lanett, Alabama; Mobile, Alabama; Monroe, Louisiana; Denver, Colorado; Glenwood, Minnesota; Marshall, 
Minnesota; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Ridgeland, Mississippi. The terms of these leases generally range in length from one 
to twelve years, and all of the leases contain options to incrementally extend the lease period. Two of our leases are set to expire 
in 2018 in the normal course. We do not expect difficulties in locating comparable facilities should we chose not to, or be 
otherwise unable to, extend one or more of our existing leases.

We do not anticipate the need to lease additional office space in 2018, as we expect that our existing facilities will be 

sufficient to meet our needs until the end of 2018 and beyond.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in routine litigation that arises in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently 

involved in any claims outside the ordinary course of business that are material to our financial condition or results of 
operations.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

34

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market for CPSI Common Stock

As of March 12, 2018, there were approximately 100 registered holders of our common stock, as provided to us by our 

transfer agent. This number does not include the number of beneficial owners whose shares are held in "street" names by 
broker-dealers and other institutions who hold shares on behalf of their clients. As of March 12, 2018, there were 14,085,989 
shares of common stock outstanding.

CPSI’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "CPSI." The following table sets 

forth, for the calendar quarters indicated, the high and low sales prices per share for CPSI’s common stock on the NASDAQ 
Global Select Market, and the cash dividends declared per share in each such quarter:

2017
First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Second Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2016
First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Second Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

High

Low

Dividends
Declared
Per Share

$

$

29.00
36.15
32.85
31.70

59.16
54.09
42.02
26.71

$

$

21.60
26.05
27.60
27.75

47.14
37.10
24.18
18.25

0.25   
0.20   
0.30   
0.10

0.64   
0.64   
0.34   
0.24

The last reported sales price of CPSI’s common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on March 12, 

2018 was $30.60.

Dividends

On November 2, 2017, the Company announced that our Board of Directors adopted a fixed dividend policy for the 
payment of quarterly dividends. The policy provides for dividends to be paid quarterly in an amount of $0.10 per share. During 
2017, we paid quarterly dividends in the amount of $0.25. $0.20, $0.30, and $0.10, compared to 2016, when we paid quarterly 
dividends in the amount of $0.64. $0.64, $0.34, and $0.24. We believe that paying dividends is an effective way of providing an 
investment return to our stockholders and a beneficial use of our cash. However, the declaration of dividends by CPSI is subject 
to the discretion of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors will take into account such matters as general business 
conditions, capital needs, our financial results, available liquidity and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem 
relevant.  Additionally, the terms of our Credit Agreement restrict our ability to pay dividends.  See Item 7, Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “Liquidity and Capital Resources-Credit 
Agreement” included herein.

35

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

(In thousands, except for per share data)
INCOME DATA:
Total sales revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Total costs of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses* . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income (loss)* . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before taxes* . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Income (loss)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net income (loss) per share - basic* . . . . $
Net income (loss) per share - diluted* . . . $
Weighted average shares outstanding:

$

276,927
125,630
151,297
156,111
(4,814)
(8,669)
(13,483)
3,933
(17,416) $
(1.27) $
(1.27) $

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13,419
13,419

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Year Ended December 31,

$

$
$
$

267,272
130,012
137,260
122,885
14,375
(6,389)
7,986
4,053
3,933
0.29
0.29

13,255
13,255

$

$
$
$

182,174
87,716
94,458
69,372
25,086
405
25,491
7,148
18,343
1.62
1.62

11,083
11,083

$

$
$
$

204,742
90,795
113,947
64,360
49,587
152
49,739
16,819
32,920
2.94
2.94

11,026
11,026

200,863
89,534
111,329
61,085
50,244
466
50,710
17,967
32,743
2.95
2.95

10,998
10,998

Cash dividends declared per common
share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

0.85

$

1.86

$

2.56

$

2.28

$

2.04

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

As of December 31,

BALANCE SHEET DATA
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Working capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

520
17,028
318,216
40,849
136,086

$

2,220
13,604
339,150
30,945
157,970

$

24,951
57,136
92,788
17,421
75,366

$

23,792
63,355
99,325
18,161
80,781

11,729
51,301
92,535
21,451
69,083

* Year ended December 31, 2017 is inclusive of a $28.0 million ($2.09 per share) non-cash goodwill impairment expense.

36

 
 
 
ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the 
"Selected Financial Data" and our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This 
discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual 
results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including 
but not limited to those set forth under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Background

CPSI is a leading provider of healthcare solutions and services for community hospitals and other healthcare systems and 

post-acute care facilities. Founded in 1979, CPSI offers its products and services through four companies - Evident, LLC 
("Evident"), TruBridge, LLC ("TruBridge"), Healthland Inc. ("Healthland"), and American HealthTech, Inc. ("AHT"). These 
combined companies are focused on helping improve the health of the communities we serve, connecting communities for a 
better patient care experience, and improving the financial operations of our customers. The individual contributions of each of 
these companies towards this combined focus are as follows:

•  Evident, formed in April 2015, provides a comprehensive acute care electronic health record ("EHR") solution, Thrive, 

and related services for community hospitals and their physician clinics.

•  Healthland provides a comprehensive acute care EHR solution, Centriq, and related services for community hospitals 

and their physician clinics. 

•  TruBridge focuses on providing business management, consulting, and managed IT services along with its complete 
revenue cycle management ("RCM") solution for all care settings, regardless of their primary healthcare information 
solutions provider.

•  AHT provides a comprehensive post-acute care EHR solution and related services for skilled nursing and assisted 

living facilities.

Our companies currently support approximately 1,100 acute care facilities and approximately 3,500 post-acute care 

facilities with a geographically diverse customer mix within the domestic community healthcare market. Our customers 
primarily consist of community hospitals with 200 or fewer acute care beds, with hospitals having 100 or fewer beds 
comprising approximately 94% of our hospital EHR customer base. 

We operate in three reportable segments: (1) Acute Care EHR, (2) Post-acute Care EHR and (3) TruBridge. See Note 17 

to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information on our segment reporting.

Acute Care EHR

Our Acute Care EHR segment consists of acute care software solutions and support sales generated by Evident and 

Healthand.

Post-acute Care EHR

Our Post-acute Care EHR segment consists of post-acute care software solutions and support sales generated by AHT.

TruBridge

Our TruBridge segment primarily consists of business management, consulting and managed IT services sales 

generated by TruBridge and the sale of Rycan's revenue cycle management workflow and automation software.

Management Overview

Historically, we have primarily sought revenue growth through sales of healthcare IT systems and related services to 
existing and new customers within our target market, a strategy that has resulted in a ten-year compounded annual growth rate 
in legacy revenues (i.e., revenues related to our legacy Evident and TruBridge operations) of approximately 5.9% as of the end 
of our most recently completed fiscal year. Important to our potential for continued long-term revenue growth is our ability to 
sell new and additional products and services to our existing customer base, including cross-selling opportunities presented with 

37

 
 
 
the acquisition of HHI. We believe that as our combined customer base grows, the demand for additional products and services, 
including business management, consulting and managed IT services, will also continue to grow, supporting further increases in 
recurring revenues. We also expect to drive revenue growth from new product development that we may generate from our 
research and development activities.

January 2016 marked an important milestone for CPSI, as we announced the completion of our acquisition of Healthland 
Holding Inc. ("HHI"), the first major acquisition in the Company's history. This acquisition expanded our footprint for servicing 
acute care facilities and introduced us to the post-acute care segment, adding significantly to our already substantial recurring 
revenue base and further expanding our ability to generate organic recurring revenue growth through additional cross-selling 
opportunities now available within the combined company. We believe that the addition of HHI and its clients and products has 
enhanced and will continue to enhance our ability to grow our business and compete in the markets that we serve.

Our business model is designed such that, as revenue growth materializes, earnings and profitability growth are naturally 

bolstered through increased future margin realization. Once a hospital has installed our solutions, we continue to provide 
support services to the customer on an ongoing basis and make available to the customer our broad portfolio of business 
management, consulting, and managed IT services. The provision of these services typically requires fewer resources than the 
initial system installation, resulting in increased overall gross margins.  

We also look to increase margins through cost containment measures where appropriate. For example, during 2016 we 

instituted several changes related to our employee benefits offerings, including a spousal carve-out for healthcare benefits. 
Additionally, during the first quarter of 2017 we instituted a limited-time, voluntary severance program offering those 
employees meeting certain predetermined criteria severance packages involving continuing periodic cash payments and 
healthcare benefits for varying periods, depending upon the individual's years of service with the Company. Lastly, the 
acquisition of HHI in January 2016 presented us with additional opportunities to leverage the greater operating efficiencies of 
the combined entity in order to drive further earnings and profitability growth in the future.

Turbulence in the U.S. and worldwide economies and financial markets impacts almost all industries. While the 

healthcare industry is not immune to economic cycles, we believe it is more significantly affected by U.S. regulatory and 
national health projects than by the economic cycles of our economy. Additionally, healthcare organizations with a large 
dependency on Medicare and Medicaid populations, such as community hospitals, have been affected by the challenging 
financial condition of the federal government and many state governments and government programs. Accordingly, we 
recognize that prospective hospital customers often do not have the necessary capital to make investments in information 
technology. Additionally, in response to these challenges, hospitals have become more selective regarding where they invest 
capital, resulting in a focus on strategic spending that generates a return on their investment. Despite these challenges, we 
believe healthcare information technology is often viewed as more strategically beneficial to hospitals than other possible 
purchases because the technology offers the possibility of a quick return on investment. Information technology also plays an 
important role in healthcare by improving safety and efficiency and reducing costs. Additionally, we believe most hospitals 
recognize that they must invest in healthcare information technology to meet current and future regulatory, compliance and 
government reimbursement requirements.

In recent years, there have been significant changes to provider reimbursement by the U.S. federal government, followed 

by commercial payers and state governments. There is increasing pressure on healthcare organizations to reduce costs and 
increase quality while replacing fee-for-service in part by enrolling in an advanced payment model. This pressure could further 
encourage adoption of healthcare IT and increase demand for business management, consulting, and managed IT services as the 
future success of these healthcare providers is greatly dependent upon their ability to engage patient populations and to 
coordinate patient care across a multitude of settings, while optimizing operating efficiency along the way.

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

While ongoing financial challenges facing healthcare organizations have impacted and are expected to continue to impact 

the community hospitals that comprise our target market, we believe that the reduced reimbursement under the American 
Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the "ARRA") for those providers failing to adopt qualifying EHRs will continue to 
support demand for healthcare information technology and will have a positive impact on our business prospects through at 
least 2018. 

While we believe that the expanded requirements for continued compliance with meaningful use rules have resulted in an 

expanded replacement market for EHRs, it is uncertain whether revenues generated from this replacement market will be 
sufficient to offset the impacts of the overall accelerated adoption and increased penetration of EHRs within our target market. 
As a result, our system sales revenues and profitability may be materially and adversely affected during the short-term. 

38

Similarly, compliance with the meaningful use rules has accelerated the purchases of incremental applications by our 

existing customers. Consequently, our penetration rates within our existing customer base for our current menu of applications 
have increased significantly under the ARRA, thereby significantly narrowing the market for add-on sales to existing 
customers. On August 2, 2017, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) announced a final rule that effectively 
delayed the requirement for stage three compliance from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2019. While we believe that the stage 
three requirements provide a significant opportunity for add-on sales revenues through 2018, the delay by CMS is expected to 
delay some of the contract revenues we previously anticipated and there is a risk of further delays or reductions in the 
regulatory requirements imposed on hospitals, which could have an adverse effect on our revenues.

Although we are pursuing other strategic initiatives designed to result in system sales revenue growth in the future in the 
form of selective expansion into English-speaking international markets, selective expansion within the 100 to 200 bed hospital 
market, and continued development of new software applications such as our Business Intelligence solution which provides  
community hospital leaders valuable insight into financial, operational, and clinical data, there can be no guarantee that such 
initiatives will prove successful or will benefit the Company in a sufficiently timely fashion to offset the short-term effects of 
the aforementioned narrowing markets.

2017 Financial Overview

We generated revenues of $276.9 million from the sale of our products and services during 2017, compared to $267.3 

million during 2016, an increase of 3.6% that is primarily attributed to TruBridge customer growth and meaningful use stage 3 
implementations. We view sales of TruBridge solutions within our existing EHR client base as our leading performance 
indicator. Our net income (loss) decreased to a loss of $17.4 million from income of $3.9 million in 2016 primarily due to a 
$28.0 million goodwill impairment charge for our post-acute care EHR reporting unit. Our operating income (loss) decreased 
by 133.5%, from income of $14.4 million in 2016 to a loss of $4.8 million, primarily due to the aforementioned goodwill 
impairment partially offset by realized synergies resulting from the 2016 acquisition of HHI. Net cash provided by operating 
activities increased $21.5 million, from $2.1 million provided by operations for 2016 to $23.6 million provided by operations 
for 2017. This increase is primarily due to a $6.7 million increase in net income, exclusive of the non-cash goodwill impairment 
charge, and cash-advantageous changes in working capital.

We did not identify any events or circumstances that would require interim goodwill impairment testing prior to October 

1, 2017. Based on our assessment as of October 1, 2017, we determined that there was no impairment of goodwill for our Acute 
Care EHR and TruBridge reporting units. We also determined as of October 1, 2017, that it was more likely than not that we did 
not have an impairment of our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the cumulation of events, 
including anticipated attrition of significant customer accounts and a product development acceleration investment plan in our 
Post-acute Care EHR software, triggered management to re-assess future discounted cash flow projections for the Post-acute 
Care EHR reporting unit. The result of our fair value assessment, with the assistance a third-party valuation expert, resulted in a 
preliminary conclusion on January 12, 2018. The valuation assessment, which applied a combination of the income and market 
valuation approach, measured the reporting unit's fair value less than the reporting unit's carrying value and a goodwill 
impairment of $28.0 million was recorded against our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit as of December 31, 2017.

We have historically made financing arrangements available to customers on a case-by-case basis depending upon the 

various aspects of the proposed contract and customer attributes. These financing arrangements include other short-term 
payment plans and longer-term lease financing through us or third-party financing companies. For those customers not seeking 
a financing arrangement, the payment schedule of the typical contract is structured to provide for a scheduling deposit due at 
contract signing, with the remainder of the contracted fees due at various stages of the installation process (delivery of 
hardware, installation of software and commencement of training, and satisfactory completion of a monthly accounting cycle or 
end-of-month operation by and as applicable for each respective application). 

During 2017, total financing receivables increased by $15.5 million, which had a significant impact on operating cash 
flow. The increase in financing arrangements is primarily due to two reasons. First, meaningful use stage 3 installations are 
primarily financed through short-term payment plans. Second, competitor financing options, primarily through accounts 
receivables management collections and cloud EHR arrangements, have applied pressure to reduce initial customer capital 
investment requirements for new EHR installations, leading to the offering of long-term lease options.  

We have also historically made our software applications available to customers through "Software as a Service" or 
"SaaS" configurations, including our Cloud Electronic Health Record ("Cloud EHR") offering. These offerings are attractive to 
some customers because this configuration allows them to obtain access to advanced software products without a significant 
initial capital outlay. We have experienced a substantial increase in the prevalence of such SaaS arrangements for new system 
installations and add-on sales to existing customers since 2015, a trend we expect to continue for the foreseeable future. Unlike 

39

our historical perpetual license arrangements under which the related revenue is recognized effectively upon installation, the 
SaaS arrangements result in revenue being recognized monthly as the services are provided over the term of the arrangement. 
As a result, the effect of this trend on the Company's financial statements is reduced system sales revenues during the period of 
installation in exchange for increased recurring periodic revenues (reflected in system sales and support revenues) over the term 
of the SaaS arrangement.

Revenues

The Company allocates revenue to its multiple element arrangements, including software and software-related services, 

based on a hierarchy of evidence to support selling prices in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Revenue from general support 
agreements for post-contract support services (support and maintenance) and business management, information technology 
management and consulting services are recognized by the Company ratably over the term of the agreement. 

System sales and support. Revenues from system sales and support are derived from the sale of information systems and 
the provision of related support services, including perpetual software licenses, conversion, installation and training services, 
hardware and peripherals, SaaS services, forms and supplies, software application support, hardware maintenance, and 
continuing education. We do not recognize revenue upon the execution of a sales contract. Revenue from the sale of the 
perpetual software license, conversion, and installation and training services is recognized on a module-by-module basis after 
the installation and training have been completed and the system is functioning as designed for each individual module.  
Revenue from the sale of hardware is recognized upon shipment of the hardware to the customer. Support services are provided 
pursuant to a support agreement under which we provide comprehensive system support and related services in exchange for a 
monthly fee based on the services provided. The initial term of these contracts typically ranges from three to five years, after 
which these contracts renew automatically on a year-to-year basis thereafter until terminated. Revenues from support services 
are recognized in the month when these services are performed. Our SaaS services, which include our Cloud EHR service, are 
provided on a remote basis by storing and maintaining servers at our headquarters or other third-party facilities that contain 
customers’ patient and administrative data. Revenues from our SaaS services are recognized in the month when these services 
are performed.

TruBridge. Our business management services include electronic billing, insurance services, statement processing, 
accounts receivable management, payroll processing, and contract management. Most of these business management services 
are sold pursuant to one-year customer agreements, with automatic one-year renewals until terminated. Additional services 
include hosting, backup recovery, medical coding, IT and business improvement consulting and other consulting and managed 
IT services if needed. Revenues from business management, consulting and managed IT services are recognized when these 
services are performed.

Reference is made to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included herein for additional discussion of our 

revenue recognition policies.

Costs of Sales

System Sales and Support. The principal costs associated with the sale and implementation of and training related to our 

Acute Care and Post-acute Care EHR software systems and related support services are employee salaries, travel expenses, 
third-party software costs and certain other overhead expenses. These costs are expensed as incurred. For the sale of equipment, 
we incur costs to acquire these products from the respective distributors or manufacturers. The costs related to the acquisition of 
equipment are capitalized into inventory and expensed upon the sale of the equipment utilizing the average cost method. The 
principal costs associated with our system support and maintenance services are employee salaries, benefits, procurement costs 
related to forms and supplies, and certain other overhead expenses. These costs are expensed as incurred.

TruBridge. The principal cost related to our statement processing services is third party processing costs. The principal 
costs related to our other business management, consulting and managed IT services are employee-related expenses, such as 
salaries and benefits, and telecommunication fees.

40

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain items included in our results of operations for each of the three years in the period ended 
December 31, 2017, expressed as a percentage of our total revenues for these periods:

(In thousands)
INCOME DATA:
Sales revenues:

System sales and support:

Acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Post-acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . .
Total system sales and support. . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total sales revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Costs of sales:

System sales and support:

Acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . .
Total system sales and support. . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total costs of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses:

Product development . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquisition-related
intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expense):

Other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on extinguishment of debt . . . .
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other income (expense) . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before taxes . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2017

Year ended December 31,
2016

2015

Amount

% Sales

Amount

% Sales

Amount

% Sales

164,228
24,033
188,261
88,666
276,927

68,513
7,481
75,994
49,636
125,630
151,297

37,761
33,021
46,923

10,406
28,000
156,111
(4,814)

407
(1,340)
(7,736)
(8,669)
(13,483)
3,933
(17,416)

59.3 % $
8.7 %
68.0 %
32.0 %
100.0 %

159,146
26,519
185,665
81,607
267,272

59.5 % $
9.9 %
69.5 %
30.5 %
100.0 %

118,385
—
118,385
63,789
182,174

65.0%
—%
65.0%
35.0%
100.0%

24.7 %
2.7 %
27.4 %
17.9 %
45.4 %
54.6 %

13.6 %
11.9 %
16.9 %

3.8 %
10.1 %
56.4 %
(1.7)%

74,746
9,610
84,356
45,656
130,012
137,260

32,621
27,194
52,888

10,182
—
122,885
14,375

28.0 %
3.6 %
31.6 %
17.1 %
48.6 %
51.4 %

12.2 %
10.2 %
19.8 %

3.8 %
— %
46.0 %
5.4 %

0.1 %
(0.5)%
(2.8)%
(3.1)%
(4.9)%
1.4 %
(6.3)% $

220
—
(6,609)
(6,389)
7,986
4,053
3,933

0.1 %
— %
(2.5)%
(2.4)%
3.0 %
1.5 %
1.5 % $

52,500
—
52,500
35,216
87,716
94,458

14,229
18,333
36,810

—
—
69,372
25,086

405
—
—
405
25,491
7,148
18,343

28.8%
—%
28.8%
19.3%
48.1%
51.9%

7.8%
10.1%
20.2%

—%
—%
38.1%
13.8%

0.2%
—%
—%
0.2%
14.0%
3.9%
10.1%

41

 
 
2017 Compared to 2016

Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased 3.6%, or $9.7 million, compared to the year 

ended December 31, 2016. 

          System sales and support revenues, consisting of the Acute Care EHR and Post-acute Care EHR segments, increased by 
1.4%, or $2.6 million, from the year ended December 31, 2016. System sales and support revenues were comprised of the 
following for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

(In thousands)
Recurring system sales and support revenues (1)

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total recurring system sales and support revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-recurring system sales and support revenues (2)

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total non-recurring system sales and support revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total system sales and support revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

113,056
20,122
133,178

51,172
3,911
55,083
188,261

$

$

117,482
20,082
137,564

41,665
6,436
48,101
185,665

(1) Mostly comprised of support and maintenance, third-party subscriptions, and SaaS 
revenues.

(2) Mostly comprised of installation revenues from the sale of our acute and post-acute care 
EHR solutions and related applications under a perpetual (non-subscription) licensing 
model.

          Nonrecurring Acute Care EHR system sales and support revenues increased $9.5 million, or 22.8%, primarily as 
Evident's new installations and add-on volumes increased by $10.5 million, or 33.6%, partially offset by a $1.0 million decrease 
in Healthland's nonrecurring revenue. Related to Evident's new system installation volumes, we went live with our Thrive EHR 
solution at 29 new hospital clients during 2017 (three of which were under a Cloud EHR arrangement, under which the related 
costs are all captured in the period of the installation with the resulting revenue recognized ratably over the contractual term as 
the services are provided) compared to 21 new hospital clients during 2016 (five of which were under a Cloud EHR 
arrangement), with a resulting revenue increase of $2.4 million. Evident's add-on sales increased $8.1 million due to 
installations related to meaningful use stage three compliance. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in 
nonrecurring Post-acute Care EHR revenues of $2.5 million, or 39.2%, compared with 2016, as a result of slowing new 
installation bookings due to aggressive competition and the need for technological improvement in the AHT products.

          Recurring Acute Care EHR system sales and support revenues decreased $4.4 million, or 3.8%. Our recently acquired 
Healthland customer base contains a heavy concentration of calendar year-end support and maintenance renewal terms. As a 
result, the majority of the revenue impact related to Healthland attrition through 2016 customer support terminations did not 
materialize until 2017. Post-acute Care EHR recurring revenues remained relatively flat compared to 2016.

          TruBridge revenues increased 8.6%, or $7.1 million, from 2016. Our hospital customers operate in an environment 
typified by rising costs and increased complexity and are increasingly seeking to alleviate themselves of the ever-increasing 
administrative burden of operating their own business office functions, resulting in an expanded customer base for our accounts 
receivable management services (increasing 11.1%, or $2.6 million). Our insurance services revenues increased 8.7%, or $1.6 
million, as our 2016 acquisition of HHI exposed Rycan’s solutions to a broader and more robust sales channel. Our IT managed 
services revenues have increased 14.2%, or $1.3 million, as we continue to see increasing demand for remote hosting for our 
acute and post-acute care EHR solutions. Our medical coding services have increased 59.6%, or $2.3 million, as new key 
customers have been added. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in nonrecurring consulting services of $0.6 
million, or 14.8%.

Costs of Sales. Total costs of sales decreased by 3.4%, or $4.4 million, from 2016. As a percentage of total revenues, costs 

of sales decreased from 48.6% in 2016 to 45.4% in 2017. 

42

 
Costs of Acute Care EHR system sales and support decreased by 8.3%, or $6.2 million, from 2016 primarily due to the 

realization of planned HHI acquisition synergies over the past two years, coupled with expected declining Healthland 
installation volumes. As a result, the gross margin on Acute Care EHR system sales and support increased to 58.3% 2017 from 
53.0% 2016. 

Costs of Post-acute Care EHR system sales and support decreased by 22.2%, or $2.1 million, from 2016, primarily due to 

decreased payroll costs of $1.2 million, or 22.3%, as the realization of HHI acquisition synergies over the trailing twelve 
months have resulted in a decrease in associated headcount. Third party software costs, hardware costs, and travel costs 
decreased by a total of $0.9 million due to the decreased installation volume mentioned above. The gross margin on Post-acute 
Care EHR systems sales and support increased to 68.9% in 2017, from 63.8% in 2016.

Our costs of sales associated with TruBridge increased 8.7%, or $4.0 million, in 2017 with the largest contributing factor 

being an increase in payroll and related costs of 14.0%, or $4.0 million, as a result of adding more employees during the trailing 
twelve months in order to support and develop our growing customer base and increase capacity in advance of anticipated 
future increases in demand. The gross margin on these services decreased slightly to 44.0% in 2017 from 44.1% in 2016 as a 
result of the aforementioned headcount increases to support a growing customer base.

Product Development Costs. Product development costs consist primarily of compensation and other employee-related 

costs (including stock-based compensation) and infrastructure costs incurred, but not capitalized, for new product development 
and product enhancements. Product development costs increased 15.8%, or $5.1 million, from 2016, as a result of increased 
headcount dedicated to functionality additions and enhancements across the product lines, as well as integration across product 
lines. 

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expense increased 21.4%, or $5.8 million, from 2016, with the 
largest contributing factor being a $4.9 million increase in commission expense resulting from the aforementioned increase in 
Evident’s new system implementation and add-on volumes, including Cloud EHR arrangements and related revenues and 
continued bookings growth for TruBridge. 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased 11.3%, or $6.0 million, from 2016, 

primarily due to $8.2 million in HHI transaction costs during 2016 with none in 2017. This decrease was partially offset by an 
increase of $0.4 million in employee health claims, a $0.6 million increase in stock compensation, and a $1.2 million increase 
in bad debt expense, as our exposure to financially distressed clients increased during 2017, resulting in increased customer-
specific reserves. The proliferation of customer financing has greatly increased our balance sheet risk, necessitating an increase 
in related general reserves.

Amortization of Acquisition-Related Intangibles. Amortization expense associated with acquisition-related intangible 
assets increased $0.2 million due to the HHI acquisition taking place in January 2016; therefore, a full year of amortization did 
not occur during 2016. 

Goodwill Impairment. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the cumulation of events, including anticipated attrition of 

significant customer accounts and a product development acceleration investment plan in our Post-acute Care EHR software, 
triggered management to re-assess future discounted cash flow projections for the Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. A 
goodwill impairment of $28.0 million was recorded against our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit as of December 31, 2017. 
There was not an impairment during 2016.

 Total Operating Expenses. As a percentage of total revenues, total operating expenses increased to 56.4% in 2017 

compared to 46.0% in 2016. Excluding the aforementioned non-cash $28.0 million goodwill impairment expense, as a 
percentage of total revenues, total operating expenses increased to 46.3% in 2017 compared to 46.0% in 2016. 

Total Other Income (Expense). Total other expense increased from an expense of $6.4 million during 2016 to an expense 

of $8.7 million during 2017, as we recognized a $1.3 million loss on extinguishment of debt. We partially expensed the 
capitalized loan fees associated with our Credit Facilities, which were refinanced during 2017. In addition, market conditions in 
2017 have resulted in increased interest rates paid on our variable-rate debt obligations.

Income (loss) Before Taxes. As a result of the foregoing factors, income before taxes decreased by 268.8%, or $21.5 

million, from 2016.

Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective income tax rates for 2017 and 2016 were (29.2)% and 50.8%, respectively. Our 

effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2017 was significantly impacted by tax shortfalls related to stock-based 
compensation resulting from our adoption of ASU 2016-09, the non-deductible nature of our goodwill impairment charges, and 

43

the effect of recent tax reform legislation. These three factors combined for a net $8.8 million expense during 2017, impacting 
the period's effective tax rate by approximately 65.2%. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2016 was 
uncharacteristically high, primarily due to permanent non-deductible acquisition transaction costs of $3.8 million.

Net Income (loss). Net income (loss) for 2017 decreased by $21.3 million to a net loss of $17.4 million, or $1.27 loss per 

basic and diluted share, compared with net income of $3.9 million, or $0.29 per basic and diluted share, for 2016. Net loss 
represented 6.3% of revenue for 2017, compared to net income representing 1.5% of revenue for 2016.

2016 Compared to 2015

Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 increased 46.7%, or $85.1 million, compared to the year 
ended December 31, 2015. This was largely attributable to $86.6 million of revenue contributions from the acquisition of HHI.

          System sales and support revenues, consisting of the Acute Care EHR and Post-acute Care EHR segments, increased by 
56.8%, or $67.3 million, from the year ended December 31, 2015. This increase was largely attributable to $73.1 million of 
revenue contributions from the acquisition of HHI. System sales and support revenues were comprised of the following for the 
year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015: 

(In thousands)
Recurring system sales and support revenues (1)

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total recurring system sales and support revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-recurring system sales and support revenues (2)

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total non-recurring system sales and support revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total system sales and support revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

117,482
20,082
137,564

41,665
6,436
48,101
185,665

$

$

79,477
—
79,477

38,908
—
38,908
118,385

(1) Mostly comprised of support and maintenance, third-party subscriptions, and SaaS 
revenues.

(2) Mostly comprised of installation revenues from the sale of our acute and post-acute care 
EHR solutions and related applications under a perpetual (non-subscription) licensing 
model.

Nonrecurring Acute Care EHR system sales and support revenues increased $2.8 million, or 7.1%, primarily due to 

$10.4 million of revenue contribution from the acquisition of HHI. The contribution of Healthland was partially offset as 
Evident’s new installation and add-on revenues decreased $7.6 million, or 19.5%, as add-on sales to existing customers for the 
Company's Emergency Department and Thrive Provider EHR solutions experienced a decline due to lower installation volumes 
during 2016. Related to the market for new system installations, Evident completed financial and patient accounting system 
installations at 21 new hospital clients in 2016 (five of which were under Cloud EHR or other SaaS arrangements) compared to 
16 during 2015 (eight of which were under Cloud EHR or other SaaS arrangements). Despite the increase in non-Cloud EHR 
new system installation activity, the related revenues remained relatively unchanged as the average installation value decreased 
from 2015. Post-acute Care EHR nonrecurring revenue, all attributable to the HHI acquisition, contributed $6.4 million of 
revenue during 2016.

          Recurring Acute Care EHR system sales and support revenues increased $38.0 million, or 47.8%. The acquisition of HHI 
contributed $36.3 million of recurring revenues. The remainder of the increase came from the Evident customer base, resulting 
in a $1.7 million, or 2.2% increase, primarily due to newly installed and add-on software support fees. Recurring Post-acute 
Care EHR system sales and support revenues contributed $20.1 million in 2016 as a result of the acquisition of HHI.

44

 
 
          TruBridge revenues increased 27.9%, or $17.8 million, primarily due to $13.4 million of revenues attributable to the HHI 
acquisition, mostly generated through the Rycan RCM solution ($8.0 million) and hosting services ($4.2 million). TruBridge-
legacy increased 6.9%, or $4.4 million. Our hospital clients operate in an environment typified by rising costs and increased 
complexity and are increasingly seeking to alleviate themselves of the ever increasing administrative burden of operating their 
own business office functions, resulting in an expanded customer base for our private pay services (increasing 5.9%, or $0.8 
million) and accounts receivable management services (increasing 11.9%, or $2.5 million). Additionally, the added complexity 
of the medical coding environment facing healthcare providers since ICD-10 became effective on October 1, 2015 has resulted 
in a substantial increase in demand for our medical coding services, resulting in an increase in these revenues of 79.4%, or $1.7 
million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of 59.0%, or $0.5 million, in health management consulting 
reflecting the 2015 ICD-10 compliance deadline. 

Costs of Sales. Total costs of sales increased by 48.2%, or $42.3 million. The increase was mostly attributable to $42.4 
million of cost of sales contributions from the acquisition of HHI. As a percentage of total revenues, costs of sales increased 
from 48.1% to 48.6%. 

Costs of Acute Care EHR system sales and support increased by 42.4%, or $22.2 million due mostly to $26.3 million of 

costs of sales contributions from Healthland, partially offset by a 7.6%, or $4.0 million, decrease in costs related to Evident 
operations, mostly the result of decreased payroll and related costs due to managed attrition in the trailing twelve months and 
decreased travel costs associated with the aforementioned decrease in add-on sales for Evident. The gross margin for Acute 
Care EHR system sales and support decreased to 53.0% from 55.7%, primarily due to the margin profile associated with the 
Healthland system sales and support revenues. The gross margin on system sales and support generated by Healthland 
operations was 43.7% in 2016. Comparably, the gross margin on system sales and support generated by Evident operations was 
56.9% during 2016, increasing slightly from 55.7% in 2015. The difference between the system sales and support gross margins 
of Healthland operations and Evident operations is the byproduct of a decreased support customer base for Healthland 
compared to Evident, resulting in a sales mix for Healthland that is more heavily weighted towards the more cost-intensive 
system sales revenues.

Costs of Post-acute Care EHR system sales and support were $9.6 million in 2016, all attributable to the HHI acquisition. 

Gross margin on Post-acute Care EHR systems sales and support was 63.8% in 2016. 

Our costs associated with TruBridge increased 29.6%, or $10.4 million, with the acquisition of HHI contributing $7.1 

million in 2016. The largest contributing factor for the increase in cost of sales to TruBridge-legacy was an increase in payroll 
and related costs of 23.6%, or $4.9 million, as a result of adding more employees during the trailing twelve months in order to 
support and develop our growing customer base and increase capacity in advance of anticipated future increases in demand. 
The increase in payroll costs was partially offset by a decrease of 61.5%, or $1.7 million, in temporary labor costs during 2016 
due to intentional efforts to fulfill our incremental labor needs through direct hiring as opposed to contract or temporary labor.  
The gross margin on these services decreased to 44.1% in 2016, from 44.8% in 2015. This margin compression is primarily due 
to headcount growth related to our accounts receivable management services outpacing the related revenue growth, as recent 
bookings had not fully converted into revenues as of December 31, 2016, but nevertheless required immediate investment in 
capacity.

Product Development Costs. Product development costs consist primarily of compensation and other employee-related 

costs (including stock-based compensation) and infrastructure costs incurred, but not capitalized, for new product development 
and product enhancements. Product development costs increased 129.3%, or $18.4 million, with nearly all of this increase 
related to contributions from the acquisition of HHI.

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expense increased 48.3%, or $8.9 million, with the largest 

contributing factor being $7.1 million of contributions from the acquisition of HHI. Additionally, payroll and related costs and 
travel costs associated with our CPSI-legacy operations increased a combined $1.8 million due to the expansion of our sales 
force.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased 43.7%, or $16.1 million, with the 
largest contributing factor being $8.2 million of transaction costs in 2016 associated with our acquisition of HHI compared to 
$3.0 million in 2015. Other contributing factors were $1.8 million increase in payroll expenses, a $3.5 million increase in 
employee health expenses, a $0.8 million increase in legal and accounting expenses, a $0.7 million increase in retirement plan 
benefits, a $1.7 million increase in rent expenses, a $1.2 million increase in utilities, and a $0.5 million increase due to an added 
user group conference, all related to the HHI acquisition. In addition, despite $1.9 million in bad debt recoveries related to HHI 
pre-acquisition receivables, bad debt increased $1.3 million in 2016 primarily due to increased accounts receivable from the 
inclusion of HHI and severe collectability determinations related to two customers filing bankruptcy.

45

Amortization of Acquisition-Related Intangibles. Amortization expense associated with acquisition-related intangible 

assets were new to the Company during 2016 as a result of the HHI acquisition, resulting in $10.2 million of expenses.

 Total Operating Expense. As a percentage of total revenues, total operating expenses increased to 46.0% in 2016 

compared to 38.1% in 2015. 

Total Other Income (Expense). Total other income (expense) decreased from income of $0.4 million during 2015 to 
expense of $6.4 million during 2016, as the debt obligations entered into to facilitate the acquisition of HHI resulted in interest 
expense of $6.6 million during 2016, with no such expense during 2015, as the Company had no outstanding debt obligations 
during the 2015 period.

Income (loss) Before Taxes. As a result of the foregoing factors, income before taxes decreased by 68.7%, or $17.5 

million, from 2015.

Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate for 2016 and 2015 were 50.8% and 28.0%, respectively. During 2015, 

we recorded beneficial adjustments related to our reserves for uncertain tax positions due to then-recent developments in the 
examination by the Internal Revenue Service of our federal returns for tax years 2004 through 2009, primarily in relation to 
research credits claimed on those returns. These beneficial adjustments reduced the effective tax rate for 2015 by 4.8%. 
Comparatively, during 2016, the identification of nondeductible facilitative transaction costs has resulted in combined 
additional income tax expense of $1.4 million, increasing the period's effective tax rate by 17.7%.

Net Income (loss). Net income for 2016 decreased by 78.5%, or $14.4 million, to net income of $3.9 million, or $0.29 per 
basic and diluted share, compared with net income of $18.3 million, or $1.62 per basic and diluted share, for 2015. Net income 
represented 1.5% of revenue for 2016, compared to 10.1% of revenue for 2015.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

As of December 31, 2017, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 million and 
our remaining borrowing capacity under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) compared to $2.2 million 
of cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2016. As noted previously, we completed our acquisition of HHI in January 
2016. In conjunction with the acquisition, we entered into a syndicated credit agreement (the "Previous Credit Agreement"), 
described further below, with Regions Bank ("Regions") serving as administrative agent, which provided for a $125 million 
term loan facility (the "Previous Term Loan Facility") and a $50 million revolving credit facility (the "Previous Revolving 
Credit Facility" and, together with the Previous Term Loan Facility, the "Previous Credit Facilities"). The cash portion of the 
purchase price for our acquisition of HHI was primarily funded by the $125 million Previous Term Loan Facility and $25 
million borrowed under the Previous Revolving Credit Facility. 

On October 13, 2017, we entered into a Second Amendment (the "Second Amendment") to the Previous Credit 

Agreement (the "Amended Credit Agreement"), dated as of January 8, 2016, to refinance and decrease the aggregate committed 
size of the credit facilities from $175 million to $162 million, which included a $117 million term loan facility (the "Amended 
Term Loan Facility") and a $45 million revolving credit facility (the "Amended Revolving Credit Facility" and, together with 
the Amended Term Loan Facility, the "Amended Credit Facilities"). On February 8, 2018 we entered into a Third Amendment 
(the "Third Amendment") to the Amended Credit Agreement to increase the aggregate principle amount of the Amended Credit 
Facilities from $162 million to $167 million, which includes the $117 million Amended Term Loan Facility and a $50 million 
Amended Revolving Credit Facility.

As of December 31, 2017, we had $143.5 million in principle amount of indebtedness outstanding under the Amended 
Credit Facilities. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 million as of December 31, 2017, our future operating 
cash flows and our remaining borrowing capacity under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility of $17.0 million as of 
December 31, 2017, taken together, provide adequate resources to fund ongoing cash requirements for the next twelve months. 
We cannot provide assurance that our actual cash requirements will not be greater than we expect as of the date of filing of this 
Form 10-K. If sources of liquidity are not available or if we cannot generate sufficient cash flow from operations during the 
next twelve months, we may be required to obtain additional sources of funds through additional operational improvements, 
capital market transactions, asset sales or financing from third parties, a combination thereof or otherwise. We cannot provide 
assurance that these additional sources of funds will be available or, if available, would have reasonable terms.

46

Operating Cash Flow Activities

2017 Compared to 2016. Net cash provided by operating activities increased $21.5 million, from $2.1 million provided 

by operations for 2016 to $23.6 million provided by operations for 2017. This increase is primarily due to net income, exclusive 
of non-cash goodwill impairment charges, which increased $6.7 million, and cash-advantageous changes in working capital. 
During 2016, we invested heavily in improving the working capital of the HHI entities post-acquisition in order to normalize 
the aging of vendor payables and improve acquired vendor relationships, resulting in a combined cash outflow related to 
changes in accounts payable and other liabilities of $12.8 million during 2016. Comparatively, the timing of vendor payments 
during 2017 resulted in expansion of these liabilities and a resulting benefit to cash flows of $6.8 million, for a total beneficial 
swing in cash flows from these working capital components of $19.7 million.

Additionally, our acquisition of HHI in January 2016 included significant deferred revenue balances, the amortization of 
which benefited revenues during 2016 with no corresponding cash benefit. Conversely, deferred revenue balances grew during 
2017 due to a high volume of advance billings for third party subscriptions, providing cash benefits with no related revenue 
impact. These deferred revenue dynamics alone resulted in a $16.5 million improvement in cash flows as displayed in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows.

These cash flow improvements have been partially offset by an increasing level of customer financing arrangements for 

the purchase of our EHR systems. The increase in financing arrangements is primarily due to two reasons. First, meaningful use 
stage 3 installations are primarily financed through short-term payment plans. Second, competitor financing options, primarily 
accounts receivables management collections and cloud EHR arrangements, have applied pressure to reduce initial customer 
capital investment requirements for new EHR installations, leading to the offering of long-term lease options. During 2017 
financing receivables expanded by $17.3 million compared to a $1.5 million contraction during 2016.

2016 Compared to 2015. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased 93.3%, or $28.8 million, from $30.9 million 

provided by operations for 2015 to $2.1 million provided by operations for 2016, primarily due to the impact of the HHI 
acquisition. During 2016, we invested heavily in improving the working capital of the HHI entities post-acquisition in order to 
normalize the aging of vendor payables and improve acquired vendor relationships, resulting in a combined cash outflow 
related to changes in accounts payable and other liabilities of $12.8 million in 2016, whereas the movement of these working 
capital components improved operating cash flows by $1.3 million in 2015. Additionally, the acquisition of HHI included 
significant deferred revenue balances at the date of acquisition, for which the subsequent revenue recognition had no benefit to 
our operating cash flows. Consequently, our operating cash flows were negatively affected by the net impact of deferred 
revenue balances in the amount of $13.7 million, compared to this impact during 2015 of $2.1 million. Lastly, the Company 
incurred $8.2 million of transaction costs, the vast majority of which were in cash, associated with the HHI acquisition during 
2016, with only $3.0 million of such costs during 2015.

Investing Cash Flow Activities

2017 Compared to 2016. Net cash used in investing activities decreased to $0.7 million in 2017 from $151.8 million used 

during 2016. We utilized cash (net of cash acquired) of $162.6 million for the acquisition of HHI during 2016, partially offset 
by sales of investments in available-for-sale securities of $10.9 million during this period. 

2016 Compared to 2015. Net cash used in investing activities increased to $151.8 million in 2016 from only $0.6 million 

in 2015. We utilized cash (net of cash acquired) of $162.6 million for the acquisition of HHI during 2016, partially offset by 
sales of investments in available-for-sale securities of $10.9 million in this period. Investing cash flow activities in 2015 were 
primarily limited to $0.4 million of capital expenditures. 

Financing Cash Flow Activities

2017 Compared to 2016. During 2017, our financing activities used net cash of $24.6 million, as we paid $12.8 million in 

long term debt principal and we declared and paid dividends in the amount of $11.6 million. Financing cash flow activities 
provided $127.0 million during 2016, primarily due to the proceeds of the aforementioned credit facility of $156.4 million 
partially offset by $25.1 million cash paid in dividends.

We believe that paying dividends is an effective way of providing an investment return to our stockholders and a 

beneficial use of our cash. However, the declaration of dividends by CPSI is subject to compliance with the terms of our 
Amended Credit Agreement and the discretion of our Board of Directors which may decide to change or terminate the 
Company's dividend policy at any time. The fixed dividend declared on November 2, 2017, which decreased the dividend to 
$0.10 per share, marks a change from the Company's previous variable dividend policy, announced on August 4, 2016. The 
revised dividend policy, along with improved pricing under the Amended Credit Facilities, are consistent with our goal of 

47

achieving a target leverage ratio of 2.5x in 2018. Our Board of Directors will continue to take into account such matters as 
general business conditions, capital needs, our financial results and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem 
relevant.

2016 Compared to 2015. During 2016, our financing activities provided net cash of $127.0 million, as net proceeds of 

$146.6 million from our Credit Agreement were used to fund a portion of the HHI purchase price. We withdrew an additional 
$10.0 million from the Revolving Credit Facility to fund the aforementioned investments in HHI working capital. We declared 
and paid dividends in the amount of $25.1 million in 2016. Financing cash flow activities in 2015 were primarily limited to the 
payment of $28.9 million in dividends. 

Credit Agreement

As noted above, in conjunction with our acquisition of HHI in January 2016, we entered into the Previous Credit 
Agreement which provided for the $125 million Previous Term Loan Facility and the $50 million Previous Revolving Credit 
Facility. On October 13, 2017, the Company entered into the second Amendment to refinance and decrease the aggregate 
committed size of the credit facilities from $175 million to $162 million, which included the $117 million Amended Term Loan 
Facility and the $45 million Amended Revolving Credit Facility. On February 8, 2018, the Company entered into the Third 
Amendment to increase the aggregate principle amount of the credit facilities from $162 million to $167 million, which 
includes the $117 million Amended Term Loan Facility and a $50 million Amended Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 
31, 2017, we had $115.5 million in principal amount outstanding under the Amended Term Loan Facility and $28.0 million 
outstanding under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility. In addition to decreasing the aggregate size of the credit facilities, 
and as described in more detail below, the Second Amendment:

increased the maximum consolidated leverage ratio with which CPSI must comply;

•  extended the maturity date of the credit facilities to October 13, 2022;
• 
•  decreased the interest rates for LIBOR rate loans and base rate loans and the letter of credit fee;
•  decreased the commitment fee; and 
• 

temporarily increased the percentage of excess cash flow (minus certain specified other payments) that must   
be used to prepay the credit facilities.   

Each of the Previous Credit Facilities bore interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, 

either (1) the Adjusted LIBOR rate for the relevant interest period, (2) an alternate base rate determined by reference to the 
greater of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant interest period plus one half of one 
percent per annum and (c) the one month LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum, or (3) a combination of (1) and (2). The 
applicable margin ranged from 2.25% to 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 1.25% to 2.50% for base rate loans, in each case based on 
our consolidated leverage ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). Interest on the outstanding principal of the 
Previous Term Loan Facility and interest on borrowings under the Previous Revolving Credit Facility was payable on the last 
day of each month, in the case of each base rate loan, and on the last day of each interest period (but no less frequently than 
every three months), in the case of LIBOR loans. Principal payments on the Previous Term Loan Facility were due on the last 
day of each fiscal quarter beginning March 31, 2016, with quarterly principal payments of approximately $0.8 million in 2016, 
approximately $1.6 million in 2017, approximately $2.3 million in 2018, approximately $3.1 million in 2019 and approximately 
$3.9 million in 2020, with the remainder due at maturity on January 8, 2021 or such earlier date as the obligations under the 
Previous Credit Agreement become due and payable pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement (the “Previous Maturity 
Date”).

The Previous Revolving Credit Facility included a $5 million swingline sublimit, with swingline loans bearing interest at 
the alternate base rate plus the applicable margin. Any principal outstanding under the Previous Revolving Credit Facility was 
due and payable on the Previous Maturity Date.

Each of the Amended Credit Facilities continues to bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at 
our option, either (1) the Adjusted LIBOR rate for the relevant interest period, (2) an alternate base rate determined by reference 
to the greater of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant interest period plus one half of 
one percent per annum and (c) the one month LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum, or (3) a combination of (1) and (2). The 
applicable margin range for LIBOR loans and the letter of credit fee ranges from 2.00% to 3.50%. The applicable margin range 
for base rate loans ranges from 1.00% to 2.50%, in each case based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio. 

Principal payments with respect to the Amended Term Loan Facility are due on the last day of each fiscal quarter 
beginning December 31, 2017, with quarterly principal payments of approximately $1.46 million through September 30, 2019, 
approximately $2.19 million through September 30, 2021 and approximately $2.93 million through September 30. 2022, with 
the maturity on October 13, 2022 or such earlier date as the obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement become due and 

48

payable pursuant to the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement (the "Amended Maturity Date"). Any principal outstanding 
under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility is due and payable on the Amended Maturity Date.

Both the Previous Credit Facilities and Amended Credit Facilities are secured pursuant to a Pledge and Security 

Agreement, dated January 8, 2016, among the parties identified as obligors therein and Regions, as collateral agent (the 
“Security Agreement”), on a first priority basis by a security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets 
(subject to certain exceptions) of the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as guarantors (collectively, the 
“Subsidiary Guarantors”), including certain registered intellectual property and the capital stock of certain of the Company’s 
direct and indirect subsidiaries. Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are also guaranteed by the Subsidiary 
Guarantors.

The Previous Credit Agreement provided incremental facility capacity of $50 million, subject to certain conditions. The 
Amended Credit Agreement, as amended by the Third Amendment, also provides incremental facility capacity of $50 million, 
subject to certain conditions. Both the Previous and Amended Credit Agreements include a number of restrictive covenants that, 
among other things and in each case subject to certain exceptions and baskets, impose operating and financial restrictions on the 
Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, including the ability to incur additional debt; incur liens and encumbrances; make 
certain restricted payments, including paying dividends on the Company's equity securities or payments to redeem, repurchase 
or retire the Company's equity securities (which are subject to our compliance, on a pro forma basis to give effect to the 
restricted payment, with the fixed charge coverage ratio and consolidated leverage ratio described below); enter into certain 
restrictive agreements; make investments, loans and acquisitions; merge or consolidate with any other person; dispose of assets; 
enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with affiliates; and materially alter the business we conduct. 
Both the Previous and Amended Credit Agreements require the Company to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 
1.25:1.00 throughout the duration of such agreement. Under the Previous Credit Agreement, the Company was required to 
comply with a maximum consolidated leverage ratio of 3.50:1.00 through September 30, 2017, 3.00:1.00 from October 1, 2017 
through September 30, 2018, and 2.50:1.00 thereafter. The Amended Credit Agreement increased the maximum consolidated 
leverage ratio with which the Company must comply to 3.95:1.00 through December 31, 2017 and 3.50:1.00 from January 1, 
2018 and thereafter. The Previous and Amended Credit Agreements also contain customary representations and warranties, 
affirmative covenants and events of default. We believe that we were in compliance with the covenants contained in the 
Amended Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2017.

The Previous Credit Agreement required the Company to mandatorily prepay the Previous Credit Facilities with (i) 100% 

of net cash proceeds from certain sales and dispositions, subject to certain reinvestment rights, (ii) 100% of net cash proceeds 
from certain issuances or incurrences of additional debt, (iii) 50% of net cash proceeds from certain issuances or sales of equity 
securities, subject to a step down to 0% if the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio was no greater than 2.50:1.0, and 
(iv) beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, 50% of excess cash flow (minus certain specified other 
payments), subject to a step down to 0% of excess cash flow if the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio was no greater than 
2.50:1.0. The mandatory prepayment requirements remain the same under the Amended Credit Agreement, except that the 
Company must prepay the Amended Credit Facilities with (i) 75% of excess cash flow (minus certain specified other payments) 
during each of the fiscal years ending December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2018 and (ii) 50% of excess cash flow (minus 
certain specified other payments) during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019 and thereafter. The Company was permitted 
to voluntarily prepay the Previous Credit Facilities and is permitted to voluntarily prepay the Amended Credit Facilities at any 
time without penalty, subject to customary “breakage” costs with respect to prepayments of LIBOR rate loans made on a day 
other than the last day of any applicable interest period.

49

Bookings

Bookings is a key operational metric used by management to assess the relative success of our sales generation efforts, 

and were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

(in thousands)
System sales and support (1)

2017

2016

Acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total system sales and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TruBridge (2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

72,673 $

4,809

77,482

31,435

Total bookings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

108,917 $

66,222

10,084

76,306

22,299

98,605

(1) Generally calculated as the total contract price (for system sales) and annualized contract value (for support).
(2) Generally calculated as the total contract price (for non-recurring, project-related amounts) and annualized contract value 
(for recurring amounts).

 Acute Care EHR bookings increased $6.5 million, or 9.7%, from 2016, primarily resulting from customer demand related 

to our meaningful use stage 3 applications boosting our add-on sales.

Post-acute Care EHR bookings decreased $5.3 million, or 52.5%, from 2016. New business opportunities for this 
segment, which consists solely of the operations of AHT, have suffered as a result of increased competition and recent 
underinvestment in AHT's product offerings (particularly prior to our acquisition of AHT as part of the January 2016 acquisition 
of HHI) make functionality and usability comparisons less favorable for AHT. Although management has formulated a strategy 
and enacted steps to improve the related product functionality and usability and is confident that such measures will translate 
into improved future bookings performance (and, eventually, revenue growth), there can be no guarantee that this strategy will 
be successful.

TruBridge bookings increased $9.1 million, or 41.0%, from 2016 as we continue to see increasing demand for 

TruBridge's products and services that alleviate administrative burden on our customers and allow them to take advantage of 
our specialized capabilities. Particularly strong demand exists for TruBridge's accounts receivable management and medical 
coding services.

Bookings for 2015 have not been included, as our acquisition of HHI in January 2016 severely impairs the comparability 

of such amounts.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined by Item 303(a)(4) of SEC Regulation S-K, as of December 31, 

2017.

The Company has other lease rights and obligations that it accounts for as operating leases that may be reclassified as 

balance sheet arrangements under accounting pronouncements recently finalized by the FASB.

Contractual Obligations

As of December 31, 2017, our material obligations requiring payments in the future are set forth below to reflect (i) our 

real estate lease obligations (ii) our capital lease obligations, and (iii) the Company’s debt obligations under the Amended 
Credit Facilities in connection with the Company’s acquisition of HHI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and related interest 
payments as follows:

50

(In thousands)

Payment due by period

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 Years

3-5 Years

More than
5 Years

Operating lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Capital lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Debt obligations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest on debt obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29,762
Total contractual obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 181,354

143,521

7,506

565

$

1,959

$

2,136

$

1,489

$

1,922

315

5,850

7,007

250

15,356

13,009

—

122,315

9,746

—

—

—

$

15,131

$

30,751

$ 133,550

$

1,922

Interest on debt obligations for floating rate instruments, as calculated above, assumes rates in effect at December 31, 

2017 remain constant.

Critical Accounting Policies

General. Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial 
statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of 
America. We are required to make some estimates and judgments that affect the preparation of these financial statements. We 
base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the 
circumstances, but actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Revenue Recognition. We generate revenue from the following sources:

•  The sale of information systems and the provision of related support services, including perpetual software licenses, 
conversion, installation and training services, hardware and peripherals, SaaS services, forms and supplies, software 
application support, hardware maintenance, and continuing education.

•  The provision of business management services, which includes electronic billing, statement processing, payroll 

processing, accounts receivable management, contract management and insurance services, as well as Internet service 
provider ("ISP") services and consulting and managed IT services (collectively, "other professional IT services").

We recognize revenue in accordance with the accounting principles required by the Software topic and Revenue 
Recognition subtopic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (the 
"Codification") and those prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as the accounting principles relevant 
to multiple-element arrangements in the Revenue Recognition topic and Multiple-Element Arrangements subtopic of the 
Codification. These standards require that four basic criteria must be met before revenues can be recognized: (1) persuasive 
evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and 
determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The recognition of revenue pursuant to these criteria involves 
estimates and judgments regarding:

1)  The allocation of total arrangement consideration to the various elements of our multiple-element arrangements, 

including, for certain elements, estimates and judgments regarding vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") of 
fair value, which we base on either the price charged when the same element is sold separately or the price established 
by management having the relevant authority to do so, for an element not yet sold separately. VSOE calculations are 
updated and reviewed regularly depending on the nature of the product or service. We base VSOE for the related 
undelivered elements on either renewals or stand-alone sales as appropriate.

2)  Our determination that total fees for our products and services are fixed or determinable, which we base on signed 

contracts and orders.

3)  Our assessment that collection of amounts due is reasonably assured, which we base on our standard payment terms 

and collection history.

Risks associated with these estimates and judgments and the effects thereof include: (1) if VSOE of fair value of any 
undelivered element does not exist, all revenue is deferred until VSOE of fair value of the undelivered element is established or 
the element has been delivered and (2) if the fees are not fixed or determinable, or if collection is not reasonably assured, then 
the revenue recognized in various periods will be less than amounts that would have been otherwise recognizable using the 
residual method provided under the Codification. See Note 2 to the financial statements for further discussion of our revenue 
recognition policies.

51

Although we believe that our approach to estimates and judgments regarding revenue recognition is reasonable, actual 

results could differ and we may be exposed to increases or decreases in revenue that could be material.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect and 
do not bear interest. The collectability of trade receivable balances is regularly evaluated based on a combination of factors such 
as customer credit-worthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic industry trends and changes in 
customer payment patterns, resulting in the establishment of general reserves. Additionally, if it is determined that a customer 
will be unable to fully meet its financial obligation, such as in the case of a bankruptcy filing or other material event impacting 
its business, a specific allowance for doubtful accounts may be recorded to reduce the related receivable to the amount expected 
to be recovered.

Although we believe that our approach to estimates and judgments regarding our allowance for doubtful accounts is 

reasonable, actual results could differ and we may be exposed to increases or decreases in required allowances that could be 
material.

Allowance for Credit Losses. The Company has sold information and patient care systems to certain healthcare providers 

under short-term payment plans and sales-type leases. The Company establishes an allowance for credit losses for these 
financing receivables based on the historical level of customer defaults under such financing arrangements. Additionally, if it is 
determined that a customer will be unable to meet its financial obligation, such as in the case of a bankruptcy filing or other 
material event impacting its business, a specific allowances may be recorded to reduce the related receivable to the amount 
expected to be recovered. Reference is made to Note 10 to the financial statements for further information about our financing 
receivables.

Although we believe that that our approach to estimates and judgments regarding our allowance for credit losses is 

reasonable, actual results could differ and we may be exposed to increases or decreases in required allowances that could be 
material.

Estimates. The Company uses estimates to record certain transactions and liabilities. These estimates are generally based 

on management’s best judgment, past experience, and utilization of third party services such as actuarial and other expert 
services. Because these estimates are subjective and variable, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. 
Significant estimates included in our financial statements include those for self-insurance reserves under our health insurance 
plan, reserves for uncertain tax positions, bad debt and credit allowances, legal liability exposure or lack thereof, and accrued 
expenses.

          Business combinations, including purchased intangible assets. The Company accounts for business combinations at fair 
value. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expenses. Measurement period 
adjustments relate to adjustments to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on information that we 
should have known at the time of acquisition. All changes to purchase accounting that do not qualify as measurement period 
adjustments are included in current period earnings.

        The fair value amount assigned to an intangible asset is based on an exit price from a market participant’s viewpoint, and 
utilizes data such as discounted cash flow analysis and replacement cost models. We review acquired intangible assets for 
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be 
recoverable.

        Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair 
value of the identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is evaluated for impairment 
annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may 
exist. We test annually for impairment as of October 1. 

         As part of our annual goodwill impairment test, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely 
than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that 
the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment. 
The first step of the quantitative goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, 
including goodwill. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-04 on January 1, 2017, which eliminates the second step of the 
goodwill impairment analysis. Therefore, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value in the first step of 
the goodwill impairment test, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the 
total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the 
goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered to be impaired. 

52

        Critical estimates in valuing certain intangible assets and the fair value of the reporting unit during goodwill impairment 
tests include, but are not limited to, identifying reporting units, historical and projected customer retention rates, anticipated 
growth in revenue from the acquired customers, expected future cash outflows, the allocation of those cash flows to identifiable 
intangible assets, estimated useful lives of these intangible assets, and a probability-weighted income approach based on 
scenarios in estimating achievement of operating results.

        Significant judgments in testing goodwill for impairment also include assigning assets and liabilities to the reporting unit 
and determining the fair value of each reporting unit based on management’s best estimates and assumptions, as well as other 
information compiled by management, including valuations that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques.

        Management’s best estimates and assumptions are employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of 
the acquisition date and for each subsequent period.

        Future business and economic conditions, as well as differences actually related to any of the assumptions, could 
materially affect the financial statements through impairment of goodwill or intangible assets, and acceleration of the 
amortization period of the purchased intangible assets, which are finite-lived assets.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market and Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risk relates primarily to the potential change in the British Bankers Association London Interbank 
Offered Rate ("LIBOR"). We had $143.5 million of outstanding borrowings under our Amended Credit Facilities with Regions 
Bank at December 31, 2017. The Amended Term Loan Facility and Amended Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate 
per annum equal to an applicable margin plus (1) the Adjusted LIBOR rate for the relevant interest period, (2) an alternate base 
rate determined by reference to the greatest of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant 
interest period plus one half of one percent per annum and (c) the one month LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum, or (3) a 
combination of (1) and (2). Accordingly, we are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings under the Amended 
Credit Facilities. A one hundred basis point change in interest rate on our borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2017 
would result in a change in interest expense of approximately $1.4 million annually.

We did not have investments as of December 31, 2017. We do not utilize derivative financial instruments to manage our 

interest rate risks.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Reference is made to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of accounting pronouncements that 

have been recently issued which we have not yet adopted.

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information required by this Item is contained in Item 7 herein under the heading "Quantitative and Qualitative 

Disclosures about Market and Interest Rate Risk."

53

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Financial Statements

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, on Internal Control 
Over Financial Reporting

Report of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets — December 31, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Operations — Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 
and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity — Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Index to Financial Statement Schedules

Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules to the financial statements required by Article 9 of Regulation S-X are not
applicable and therefore have been omitted.

Page

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

64

89

54

 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined 
in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.’s ("CPSI") internal control 
over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. CPSI’s 
internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 

dispositions of the assets of CPSI;

(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 

statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of CPSI are being 
made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of CPSI; and

(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or 

disposition of CPSI’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 

Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed the effectiveness of CPSI’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. In 

making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).

As previously disclosed under "Item 9A - Controls and Procedures" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2016, the Company identified a material weakness related to the Company's business combination 
process. The Company identified deficiencies in its internal controls related to the review of third-party valuations and properly 
establishing and accounting for opening balance sheet amounts. The Company has taken actions to remediate the material 
weakness related to our internal control over financial reporting. We have made improvements to the design of the related 
controls, including standardized review procedures over third-party valuations. We have supplemented our in-house accounting 
and financial reporting functions with third-party consultants with extensive experience in accounting for complex non-routine 
transactions. Based on our assessment and those criteria, management believes that CPSI maintained effective internal control 
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017.

The independent registered public accounting firm, Grant Thornton LLP, has audited the consolidated financial 

statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, and has also issued its report on the effectiveness 
of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting included in this report on page 56.

55

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER 
FINANCIAL REPORTING

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.:

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Computer Programs and Systems, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) 
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the 
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based 
on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, and our report 
dated March 14, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal 
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Atlanta, Georgia
March 14, 2018

56

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.:

Opinion on the financial statements 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Computer Programs and Systems, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) 
and  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations, 
comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, 
and the related notes and schedule (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements 
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results 
of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in 
the  2013  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated March 14, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for opinion 
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error 
or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether 
due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004.

Atlanta, Georgia
March 14, 2018

57

COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share data)

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,654 and $2,370,
respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Financing receivables, current portion, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid expenses and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing receivables, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Current portion of long-term debt
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued vacation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other accrued liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term debt, less current portion
Deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 30,000 shares authorized; 13,760 and 13,533
shares issued and outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

14
155,078
(19,006)
136,086
318,216

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

58

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

520

$

2,220

38,061
15,055
1,417
—
2,824
57,877
11,692
11,485
96,713
140,449
318,216

7,620
5,820
8,707
3,794
810
14,098
40,849
136,614
4,667
182,130

$

$

31,812
5,459
1,697
567
2,794
44,549
13,439
5,595
107,118
168,449
339,150

6,841
5,817
5,840
3,650
—
8,797
30,945
146,989
3,246
181,180

13
147,911
10,046
157,970
339,150

COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)

Sales revenues:

System sales and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total sales revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Costs of sales (exclusive of amortization shown separately below):

System sales and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total costs of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses:

Product development
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expense):

Other income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net income (loss) per share - basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net income (loss) per share - diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Weighted average shares outstanding used in per common share
computations:

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

188,261
88,666
276,927

$

185,665
81,607
267,272

118,385
63,789
182,174

75,994
49,636
125,630
151,297

37,761
33,021
46,923
10,406
28,000
156,111
(4,814)

407
(1,340)
(7,736)
(8,669)
(13,483)
3,933
(17,416) $
(1.27) $
(1.27) $

84,356
45,656
130,012
137,260

32,621
27,194
52,888
10,182
—
122,885
14,375

220
—
(6,609)
(6,389)
7,986
4,053
3,933
0.29
0.29

$
$
$

52,500
35,216
87,716
94,458

14,229
18,333
36,810
—
—
69,372
25,086

405
—
—
405
25,491
7,148
18,343
1.62
1.62

11,083
11,083

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13,419
13,419

13,255
13,255

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

59

 
 
 
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)

Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Change in unrealized income with realized income on the Statements 
of Operations

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

(17,416) $

3,933

$

18,343

—

—
(17,416) $

38

38
3,971

$

(18)
(18)
18,325

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

60

 
 
 
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In thousands)

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
$

Retained
Earnings 
(Accumulated 
Deficit)

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

(20) $
—

$

41,806
18,343

80,780
18,343

(18)
—
—
—
—

—

—
—
—
—
(28,943)

—

(38) $
—

$

31,206
3,933

—

—

—

—

—
—
(25,093)

38

—

—

—

—
—
—

—

(18)
—
—
5,380
(28,943)

(176)

75,366
3,933

38

89,803

7,213

1,134

—
5,366
(25,093)

$

147,911

$

— $

—

1

—

7,166

—

155,078

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

210

$

10,046
(17,416)

157,970
(17,416)

—

—

—
(11,636)
(19,006)

1

1

7,166
(11,636)
136,086

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

$

38,983
—

—
—
—
5,380
—

$

(176)

$

44,187
—

—

89,801

7,213

1,134

—
5,366
—

210

Balance at December 31, 2014 .

Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized loss on investments
held for sale, net of tax. . . . . . . .

Issuance of restricted stock . . . .
Forfeiture of common stock. . . .
Stock-based compensation. . . . .
Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess (deficit) tax benefit from
share-based compensation . . . . .

Balance at December 31, 2015 .

Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in unrealized income
with realized income on the
Statements of Operations . . . . . .

Common stock issued as
consideration for acquisition of
HHI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fair value of options issued as
consideration for acquisition of
HHI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Common stock issued upon
exercise of stock options . . . . . .

Issuance of restricted stock . . . .

Stock-based compensation. . . . .
Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess (deficit) tax benefit from
share-based compensation . . . . .

Common
Shares

Common
Stock

$

11,209
—

—
107
(13)
—
—

—

$

11,303
—

—

1,974

—

169

87
—
—

—

Balance at December 31, 2016 .

13,533

$

Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common stock issued upon
exercise of stock options . . . . . .

Issuance of restricted stock . . . .

Stock-based compensation. . . . .

Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

1

226

—

—

Balance at December 31, 2017 .

13,760

11
—

—
—
—
—
—

—

11
—

—

2

—

—

—
—
—

—

13

—

—

1

—

—

14

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

61

COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

Operating Activities
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Adjustments to net income (loss):

Provision for bad debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Excess) deficit tax benefit from shared-based compensation
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles
Amortization of deferred finance costs
Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Changes in operating assets and liabilities (net of acquired assets and
liabilities):

Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid expenses and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid income taxes/income taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investing Activities
Purchases of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of business, net of cash received. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchases of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sale of investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing Activities
Dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments of long-term debt principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments on capital lease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments of contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess (deficit) tax benefit from stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Continued on following page.

62

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

(17,416) $

3,933

$

18,343

3,421
1,421
7,166
—
2,473
10,406
645
28,000
1,340

(7,847)
(17,308)
280
(30)
779
2,867
6,069
1,377
23,643

(726)
—
—
—
(726)

(11,636)
777
(12,838)
(296)
(625)
1
—
(24,617)
(1,700)
2,220
520

$

2,259
3,672
5,366
(210)
3,062
10,182
673
—
—

(3,927)
1,514
14
1,787
(5,588)
(13,662)
(7,250)
280
2,105

(39)
(162,611)
—
10,861
(151,789)

(25,092)
156,397
(5,196)
—
(500)
1,134
210
126,953
(22,731)
24,951
2,220

$

910
(2,698)
5,380
176
3,174
—
—
—
—

(166)
6,500
(102)
(419)
600
(2,070)
730
518
30,876

(448)
—
(150)
—
(598)

(28,943)
—
—
—
—
—
(176)
(29,119)
1,159
23,792
24,951

 
 
 
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - (Continued)
(In thousands)

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refund
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash flow information:
Fair value of common stock and options issued as consideration for
acquisition of HHI
Reclassification of inventory to property and equipment
Write-off of fully depreciated assets
Capital lease obligation

$
$

$
$
$
$

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

6,953
1,134

$
$

5,876
110

$
$

—
9,231

— $
— $
$
— $

6,049

97,017

$
— $
$
$

2,769
933

—
39
—
—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

63

 
 
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

1.   NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Computer Programs and Systems, Inc. ("CPSI" or the "Company") is a healthcare information technology solutions 
provider which was formed and commenced operations in 1979. The Company provides, on an integrated basis, enterprise-
wide clinical management, access management, patient financial management, health information management, strategic 
decision support, resource planning management and enterprise application integration solutions to healthcare 
organizations throughout the United States. Additionally, CPSI provides other information technology solutions, including 
business management services, remote hosting, networking technologies and other related services. 

2. 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of CPSI include the accounts of TruBridge, LLC ("TruBridge"), Evident, LLC 
("Evident"), and Healthland Holding Inc. ("HHI"), all of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of CPSI. The accounts of 
HHI include those of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Healthland Inc. ("Healthland"), Rycan Technologies, Inc. ("Rycan"), 
and American HealthTech, Inc. ("AHT"). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Presentation 

Effective January 1, 2017, we adopted a revised presentation of sales revenues and the associated costs of sales in our 
consolidated statements of operations, which we believe is better aligned with and representative of the amount and 
profitability of our revenue streams, as well as the way we manage our business, review our operating performance and 
market our products. Specifically:

•  The Company's sales revenues and costs of sales amounts formerly included within the caption "Business 

management, consulting, and managed IT services" are now included within the caption "TruBridge" within the 
consolidated statements of operations;

•  Rycan's sales revenues and costs of sales amounts formerly included within the caption "Systems sales and 
support" are now included within the caption "TruBridge" within the consolidated statements of operations;

•  Healthland's and AHT's sales revenues and costs of sales related to hosting services formerly included within the 
caption "Systems sales and support" are now included within the caption "TruBridge" within the consolidated 
statements of operations; and

•  Certain Rycan expenses formerly included within the caption "General and administrative" are now included 

within the caption "TruBridge" within the "Costs of sales" section of the consolidated statements of operations.

These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported total sales revenues, operating income, income before taxes or 
net income for the year ended December 31, 2016 and no effect on any previously reported totals for the year ended 
December 31, 2015.

64

Amounts presented for the year ended December 31, 2016, have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.   
The following table provides the amounts reclassified for the year ended December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)

Sales revenues:

As previously
reported

Reclassifications

As reclassified

System sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

197,874

$

69,398

(12,209) $
12,209

185,665

81,607

Costs of sales:

System sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

89,543

39,715

(5,187)
5,941

84,356

45,656

Operating expenses:

General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

53,642

(754)

52,888

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents can include time deposits and certificates of deposit with original maturities of three months or 
less that are highly liquid and readily convertible to a known amount of cash. These assets are stated at cost, which 
approximates market value, due to their short duration or liquid nature.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect and do not bear interest. The Company 
establishes a general allowance for doubtful accounts based on collections history. In the case of a bankruptcy filing or 
other similar event indicating the collectability of specific customer accounts is no longer probable, a specific allowance 
for doubtful accounts may be recorded to reduce the related receivable to the amount expected to be recovered.

Financing Receivables

Financing receivables are comprised of short-term payment plans and sales-type leases. Short-term payment plans are 
stated at the amount the Company expects to collect and do not bear interest. Sales-type leases are initially recorded at the 
present value of the related minimum lease payments, computed at the interest rate implicit in the lease, and are presented 
net of unearned income. Unearned income is amortized over the lease term to produce a constant periodic rate of return on 
the net investment in the lease (the interest method). 

An allowance for credit losses has been established for our financing receivables based on the historical level of customer 
defaults under such arrangements. In the case of a bankruptcy filing or other similar event indicating the collectability of 
specific customer accounts is no longer probable, a specific reserve may be recorded to reduce the related receivable to the 
amount expected to be recovered. Customer payments are considered past due if a scheduled payment is not received 
within contractually agreed upon terms, with amounts reclassified to accounts receivable when they become due. As a 
result, we evaluate the credit quality of our financing receivables on an ongoing basis utilizing an aging of receivables and 
write-offs, customer collection experience, the customer’s financial condition and known risk characteristics impacting the 
respective customer base, as well as existing economic conditions, to determine if any further allowance is necessary. 
Amounts are specifically charged off once all available means of collection have been exhausted.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market using the average cost method. The Company’s inventories are comprised 
of computer equipment, forms and supplies. For cash flow presentation, inventory used by the Company and capitalized as 
property and equipment is shown as a change in inventory.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Additions and improvements to property and 
equipment that materially increase productive capacity or extend the life of an asset are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs 
and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. Upon retirement or other disposition of such assets, the related costs and 
accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results 
of operations.

65

Depreciation expense is computed using the straight-line method over the asset’s useful life, which is generally 5 years for 
computer equipment, furniture, and fixtures and 30 years for buildings. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the 
shorter of the asset’s useful life or the remaining lease term. The Company reviews for the possible impairment of long-
lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be 
recoverable. Depreciation expense is reported in the consolidated statements of operations as a component of costs of sales 
and operating expenses.

Business Combinations

We apply business combination accounting when we acquire a business. Business combinations are accounted for at fair 
value. The associated acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expenses; 
restructuring costs associated with a business combination are expenses; contingent consideration is measured at fair value 
at the acquisition date, with changes in fair value after the acquisition date affecting earnings; changes in deferred tax asset 
valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the measurement period affect income tax expense; and goodwill is 
determined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed in the acquisition over the fair value of the net 
assets acquired. The accounting for business combinations requires estimates and judgments as to expectations for future 
cash flows of the acquired business, and the allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets, in determining 
the estimated fair value for assets and liabilities acquired. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed, are based on management's estimates and assumptions, including valuations that utilize 
customary valuation procedures and techniques. If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments used in these 
estimates, the amounts recorded in the financial statements could result in a possible impairment of the intangible assets 
and goodwill, or require acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets. The results of the 
acquired businesses' operations are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations of the combined entity 
beginning on the date of the acquisition. We have applied this acquisition method to the transactions described in Note 3 - 
Business Combination.

Goodwill

Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair 
value of the identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is evaluated for 
impairment annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment are present or changes in circumstances suggest that 
impairment may exist. We test annually for impairment as of October 1. 

As part of our annual goodwill impairment test, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely 
than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not 
that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a quantitative goodwill impairment 
assessment. The first step of the quantitative goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its 
carrying amount, including goodwill. The Company early adopted Accounting Standards Update 2017-04 on January 1, 
2017, which eliminates the second step of the goodwill impairment analysis. Therefore, if the carrying amount of the 
reporting unit exceeds its fair value in the first step of the goodwill impairment test, an impairment charge is recognized for 
the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. If the fair 
value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered to be impaired. 

We did not identify any events or circumstances that would require interim goodwill impairment testing prior to October 1, 
2017. Based on our assessment as of October 1, 2017, we determined that there was no impairment of goodwill for our 
Acute Care EHR and TruBridge reporting units. We also determined as of October 1, 2017, that it was more likely than not 
that we did not have an impairment of our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the 
cumulation of events, including anticipated attrition of significant post-acute customer accounts and a product development 
acceleration plan for our post-acute EHR software, triggered management to re-assess future discounted cash flow 
projections incorporated in the October 1, 2017 annual assessment to include updated assumptions for the aforementioned 
fourth quarter events impacting the Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. The result of our fair value assessment, which 
applied a combination of the income and market valuation approach, measured the reporting units fair value less than the 
reporting units carrying value. A goodwill impairment of $28.0 million was recorded against our Post-acute Care EHR 
reporting unit as of December 31, 2017. We determined there was no impairment to goodwill as of December 31, 2016.

Purchased Intangible Assets

Purchased intangible assets are acquired in connection with a business acquisition, and are amortized over their estimated 
useful lives based on the pattern of economic benefit expected from each asset. We concluded for certain purchased 
intangible assets that the pattern of economic benefit approximated the straight-line method, and therefore, the use of the 

66

straight-line method was appropriate, as the majority of the cash flows will be recognized ratably over the estimated useful 
lives and there is no degradation of the cash flows over time. 

We assess the recoverability of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount is not recoverable if it exceeds the undiscounted sum of 
cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If the asset is not recoverable, the 
impairment loss is measured by the excess of the asset's carrying amount over its fair value. 

During the fourth quarter of 2017, the cumulation of events, including anticipated attrition of significant post-acute 
customer accounts and a product development acceleration investment plan in our Post-acute Care EHR software, triggered 
management to assess the recoverability of purchased intangible assets related to our Post-acute Care EHR asset group. We 
determined there was no impairment to purchased intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 or 2016.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue represents amounts received from customers under licensing agreements and implementation fees for 
which the revenue recognition process has not been completed.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the requirements of the Software topic and Revenue 
Recognition subtopic of the FASB Codification, and the requirements of the SEC.

The Company's revenue is generated from two sources:

• 

• 

System Sales and Support – the sale of information systems and the provision of system support services.  The 
sale of information systems includes perpetual software licenses, conversion, installation and training services, 
hardware and peripherals, "Software as a Service" (or "SaaS") services, and forms and supplies.  System support 
services include software application support, hardware maintenance, and continuing education.

TruBridge – the provision of business management services, which includes electronic billing, statement 
processing, payroll processing, accounts receivable management, contract management, and insurance services, as 
well as Internet service provider ("ISP") services and consulting and managed IT services (collectively, "other 
professional IT services").

System Sales and Support

The Company enters into contractual obligations to sell perpetual software licenses, conversion, installation and training 
services, hardware and software application support and hardware maintenance services. The methods employed by the 
Company to recognize revenue, which are discussed by element below, achieve results materially consistent with the 
provisions of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2009-13, Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements, due to the 
relatively short period during which there are multiple undelivered elements, the relatively small amount of non-software 
related elements in the system sale arrangements, and the limited number of contracts in-process at the end of each 
reporting period. The Company recognizes revenue on the elements noted above as follows:

• 

Perpetual software licenses and conversion, installation and training services – The selling price of perpetual 
software licenses and conversion, installation and training services is based on management’s best estimate of 
selling price. In determining management’s best estimate of selling price, we consider the following: (1) 
competitor pricing, (2) supply and demand of installation staff, (3) overall economic conditions, and (4) our 
pricing practices as they relate to discounts. The method of recognizing revenue for the perpetual licenses of the 
associated modules included in the arrangement, and the related conversion, installation and training services over 
the term the services are performed, is on a module-by-module basis as the related perpetual licenses are delivered 
and the respective conversion, installation and training services for each specific module are completed, as this is 
representative of the pattern of provision of these services.

•  Hardware – We recognize revenue for hardware upon shipment. The selling price of hardware is based on 

management’s best estimate of selling price, which consists of cost plus a targeted margin.

• 

Software application support and hardware maintenance – We have established vendor-specific objective evidence 
("VSOE") of the fair value of our software application support and hardware maintenance services by reference to 
the price our customers are required to pay for the services when sold separately via renewals. Support and 

67

maintenance revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance contract, which is 
generally three to five years.

• 

SaaS services – The Company accounts for SaaS arrangements in accordance with the requirements of the 
Hosting Arrangement section under the Software topic and Revenue Recognition subtopic of the FASB 
Codification. The FASB Codification states that the software elements of SaaS services should not be accounted 
for as a hosting arrangement "if the customer has the contractual right to take possession of the software at any 
time during the hosting period without significant penalty and it is feasible for the customer to either run the 
software on its own hardware or contract with another party unrelated to the vendor to host the software." Each 
SaaS contract entered into by the Company includes a system purchase and buyout clause, and this clause 
specifies the total amount of the system buyout. In addition, a clause is included in the contract which states that 
should the system be bought out by the customer, the customer would be required to enter into a general support 
agreement (for post-contract support services) for the remainder of the original SaaS term. Accordingly, the 
Company has concluded that SaaS customers do not have the right to take possession of the system without 
significant penalty (i.e., the purchase price of the system), resulting in the determination that these contracts are 
service contracts for which revenue is recognized when the services are performed.

TruBridge

TruBridge consists of electronic billing, statement processing, payroll processing, accounts receivable management,  
contract management, and insurance services. While TruBridge arrangements are contracts separate from the system sale 
and support contracts, these contracts are often executed within a short time frame of each other. The amount of the total 
arrangement consideration allocated to these services is based on VSOE of fair value by reference to the rate at which our 
customers renew, as well as the rate at which the services are sold to customers when the TruBridge agreement is not 
executed within a short time frame of the system sale and support contracts. If VSOE of fair value does not exist for these 
services, we allocate the arrangement consideration based on third-party evidence ("TPE") of selling price or, if neither 
VSOE nor TPE is available, estimated selling price. Because the pricing is transaction-based (per unit pricing), customers 
are billed and revenue is recognized as services are performed.

The Company will occasionally provide ISP and other professional IT services. Depending on the nature of the services 
provided, these services may be considered software elements or non-software elements. The selling price of services 
considered to be software elements is based on VSOE of the fair value of the services by reference to the price our 
customers are required to pay for the services when sold separately. The selling price of services considered to be non-
software elements is based on TPE of the selling price of similar services. Revenue from these elements is recognized as 
the services are performed.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation according to the provisions of FASB Codification topic, 
Compensation – Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards exchanged for employee 
services. Accordingly, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award, 
and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s or non-employee director’s requisite service period.

Product Development Costs

Product development costs are expensed as incurred. Product development costs totaled approximately $37.8 million, 
$32.6 million, and $14.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was approximately $0.3 million, $0.2 million, and $0.2 
million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and is recorded in sales and marketing 
expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and included in general and administrative expenses and costs of 
TruBridge. Shipping and handling costs totaled approximately $0.5 million, $0.4 million, and $0.4 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

68

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with FASB Codification topic, Income Taxes. Under this topic, deferred income 
taxes are determined utilizing the asset and liability approach. This method gives consideration to the future tax 
consequences associated with differences between financial accounting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The effect on 
the deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the 
enactment date. We recognize interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in the consolidated 
statements of operations as a component of the provision for income taxes.

We also make a provision for uncertain income tax positions in accordance with the Income Taxes Codification topic. 
These provisions require that a tax position taken in a tax return be recognized in the financial statements when it is more 
likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than fifty percent) that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax 
authorities. A recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent 
likely of being realized upon settlement. The topic also requires that changes in judgment that result in subsequent 
recognition, derecognition, or change in a measurement date of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any 
related interest and penalties) be recognized as a discrete item in the interim period in which the change occurs.

Valuation allowances are recorded when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the 
deferred tax assets will not be realized. These valuation allowances can be impacted by changes in tax laws, changes to 
statutory tax rates, and future taxable income, and are based on our judgment, estimates, and assumptions. See Note 7 for 
the impact of H.R. 1, commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was signed into law on December 22, 2017. 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires that management make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at 
the date of the financial statements, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results 
could differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is 
evaluated by the chief operating decision maker, which we refer to as the CODM, or decision-making group in assessing 
performance and making decisions regarding resource allocation. The Company has prepared operating segment 
information based on the manner in which management disaggregates the Company's operations for making internal 
operating decisions. See Note 17.

New Accounting Standards Adopted in 2017

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.  The amended guidance requires 
entities to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  Net realizable value is the estimated selling price 
in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation.  The 
requirement replaces the current lower of cost or market evaluation.  Accounting guidance is unchanged for inventory 
measured using last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) or the retail method.  The amended guidance was effective for fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. The 
amended guidance is to be applied prospectively and early adoption was permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-11 did not 
have a material effect on our financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which 
simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of 
awards as either equity or liabilities, and the classification of awards on the statement of cash flows. This guidance was 
effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2016, which was effective 
for the Company as of the first quarter of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 had a 
material effect on our financial statements in the period of adoption and is disclosed in Note 7 of the financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, that removes step two of 
the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the new guidance, a goodwill 
impairment is now the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying 
amount of goodwill. All other goodwill impairment guidance remains largely unchanged. Entities continue to have the 
option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. The guidance is 

69

effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted 
for any goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The guidance is to be applied prospectively. 

We elected to early adopt ASU 2017-04 and the guidance has been applied for all goodwill impairment tests performed 
after January 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 had a material impact on our financial statements, as one of our 
reporting unit's carrying value exceeded its fair value at the time of impairment assessment. 

New Accounting Standards Yet to be Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to clarify the principles for 
recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting 
Standards. The standard outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from 
contracts with customers and supersedes the most current revenue recognition guidance. This guidance will be effective for 
fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2017, which is effective for the Company 
as of the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018. We will adopt this standard using the modified 
retrospective method, in which the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance will be recognized as an adjustment 
to retained earnings and impacted balance sheet line items as of January 1, 2018, the date of adoption.

We have fully completed the assessment of our systems, data, and processes that will be affected by the implementation of 
this standard and have concluded that this standard will not significantly alter revenue recognition practices for our system 
sales and support and TruBridge revenue streams. The impact on our revenue recognition is limited to deferring and 
amortizing implementation fees over the contract life related to our Rycan revenue cycle management product, in which we 
currently recognize revenue as implementation is completed. Rycan implementation fees totaled $1.6 million in 2017, less 
than 1% of our 2017 revenues. The balance sheet impact of the deferred revenue related to these fees will be an increase of 
$1.8 million as of the date of adoption. Also impacting deferred revenue is a decrease of $0.6 million related to previous 
billings which no longer require deferred recognition as of the date of adoption.

In addition to revenue recognition, the new standard will impact on our consolidated financial statements with respect to 
the capitalization of certain commissions and contract fulfillment costs which are currently expensed as incurred. 
Commissions and contract fulfillment costs related to the implementation of software as a service arrangements will be 
capitalized and amortized over the expected life of the customer. TruBridge commissions, which are paid up to twelve 
months in advance, will be capitalized and amortized over the prepayment period. The balance sheet impact of the prepaid 
assets will be an increase of $3.8 million as of the date of adoption. 

In total, the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will result in a net increase in retained earnings of $2.6 million on the date of 
adoption. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations 
by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing 
arrangements. The new guidance will require the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases 
classified as operating leases under U.S. GAAP. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods within 
those years beginning after December 15, 2018, which is effective for the Company as of the first quarter of our fiscal year 
ending December 31, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the implementation of this standard will 
have on its financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classifications of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which 
clarifies cash flow classification for eight specific issues, including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, contingent 
consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and 
proceeds from settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years and 
interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2017, which is effective for the Company as of the first 
quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the 
implementation of this standard will have on its financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, to assist an entity in evaluating 
when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods 
within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and should be applied prospectively to any transactions 
occurring within the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted, including for interim or annual periods in which the 
financial statements have not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact 
that the implementation of this standard will have on its financial statements.

70

We do not believe that any other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if adopted, would have a 
material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3.     BUSINESS COMBINATION

Acquisition of HHI

On January 8, 2016, we acquired all of the assets and liabilities of HHI, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, 
Healthland, AHT and Rycan. Healthland is a provider of electronic health records ("EHR") and clinical information 
management in the acute care market. AHT is a provider of clinical and financial solutions in the post-acute care market. 
Rycan offers SaaS-based revenue cycle management workflow and automation software to hospitals.

We believe the acquisition of HHI:

• 

• 

• 

strengthened our position in providing healthcare information systems to community healthcare organizations by 
combining hospital customers;

introduced CPSI to the post-acute care market; and

expanded the products offered by and capabilities of TruBridge with the addition of Rycan and its suite of revenue 
cycle management software products.

These factors, combined with the synergies and economies of scale expected from combining the operations of CPSI and 
HHI, were the basis for the acquisition.

Consideration for the acquisition included cash (net of cash of the acquired entities) of $162.6 million (inclusive of seller's 
transaction expenses), 1,973,880 shares of common stock of CPSI ("CPSI Common Stock"), and the assumption by CPSI 
of stock options that became exercisable for 174,972 shares of CPSI Common Stock. During 2015, we incurred 
approximately $3.0 million of pre-tax costs in connection with the acquisition of HHI. During the year ended December 
31, 2016, we incurred approximately $8.2 million, of pre-tax acquisition costs in connection with the acquisition of HHI. 
We incurred no such costs during the year ended December 31, 2017. Acquisition costs are included in general and 
administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

(In thousands)

Purchase Price

Cash consideration, net of acquired cash received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Fair value of common stock and options issued as consideration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

162,611

97,017

259,628

Our acquisition of HHI was treated as a purchase in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (the 
"Codification") 805, Business Combinations, of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), which requires 
allocation of the purchase price to the estimated fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in the transaction. Our 
allocation of the purchase price was based on management's judgment after evaluating several factors, including a 
valuation assessment. 

71

The allocation of the purchase price paid for HHI was as follows:

(In thousands)
Acquired cash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing receivables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Purchase Price
Allocation

5,371

5,789

2,184

216

3,228

1,263

117,300

168,449
(17,490)
(4,010)
(1,620)
(15,681)
264,999

The intangible assets in the table above are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The 
amortization is included in amortization of acquisition-related intangibles in our consolidated statements of operations. Of 
the goodwill acquired, $23.3 million was expected to be tax deductible. 

The fair value measurements of tangible and intangible assets and liabilities were based on significant inputs not 
observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements within the fair value measurement hierarchy (see Note 
16). Level 3 inputs included, among others, discount rates that we estimated would be used by a market participant in 
valuing these assets and liabilities, projections of revenues and cash flows, client attrition rates and market comparables.

The gross contractual amount of accounts receivable of HHI at the date of acquisition was $9.4 million.

The following unaudited pro forma revenue, net income and earnings per share amounts for the years ended December 31, 
2016 and 2015 give effect to the HHI acquisition as if it had been completed on January 1, 2015. The pro forma financial 
information is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of what the operating results 
actually would have been during the periods presented had the HHI acquisition been completed during the periods 
presented. In addition, the unaudited pro forma financial information does not purport to project future operating results. 
The pro forma information does not fully reflect: (1) any anticipated synergies (or costs to achieve synergies) or (2) the 
impact of non-recurring items directly related to the HHI acquisition.

Years Ended
December 31,

(In thousands, except per share data, unaudited)
Pro forma revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Pro forma net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Pro forma diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2016

270,974

8,538

0.64

2015

290,071

3,484

0.26

$

$

$

Pro forma net income was calculated by adjusting the results for the applicable period to reflect (i) the additional 
amortization that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments to intangible assets had been applied on 
January 1, 2015 and (ii) adjustments to amortized revenue during fiscal 2016 and 2015 as a result of the acquisition date 
valuation of assumed deferred revenue. The pro forma results for each period also reflect the pro forma adjustment to 
interest expense as a result of the incurrence of new debt to finance the acquisition and elimination of Healthland debt in 
conjunction with the acquisition.

The Company incurred $5.5 million in 2016 acquisition-related costs, which are included in general and administrative 
expense in the Company’s statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2016, that is reflected in pro forma net 

72

income for the year ended December 31, 2015. Severance and integration costs of $2.7 million were not included in the 
acquisition costs for the purpose of calculating the pro forma results.

4.   PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment were comprised of the following at December 31, 2017 and 2016:

(In thousands)
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Buildings and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less: accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

5.   OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Other accrued liabilities were comprised of the following at December 31, 2017 and 2016:

(In thousands)
Salaries and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Severance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-insurance reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2017

2016

2,848
8,240
—
3,245
5,001
2,462
70
21,866
(10,174)
11,692

2017

8,432
1,139
2,416
1,024
586
501
14,098

$

$

$

$

2,848
9,432
802
5,174
5,007
3,591
335
27,189
(13,750)
13,439

2016

5,397
337
518
887
1,120
538
8,797

The accrued contingent consideration depicted above represents the potential earnout incentive for former Rycan 
shareholders. We have estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration based on the amount of revenue we expect 
to be earned by Rycan through the year ending December 31, 2018.

6.   NET INCOME PER SHARE

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") data for its common stock. Basic EPS is calculated by 
dividing the net income attributable to stockholders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of common 
stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the net income attributable to stockholders of 
the Company and the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period for the effects of 
all dilutive potential common shares, including awards under stock-based compensation arrangements.

The Company's unvested restricted stock awards (see Note 8) are considered participating securities under FASB 
Codification topic, Earnings Per Share, because they entitle holders to non-forfeitable rights to dividends until the awards 
vest or are forfeited. When a company has a security that qualifies as a "participating security," the Codification requires 
the use of the two-class method when computing basic EPS. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that 
determines EPS for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or 
accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. In determining the amount of net income to allocate to 
common stockholders, income is allocated to both common stock and participating securities based on their respective 
weighted average shares outstanding for the period, with net income attributable to common stockholders ultimately 
equaling net income less net income attributable to participating securities. Diluted EPS for the Company's common stock 
is computed using the more dilutive of the two-class method or the treasury stock method.

73

The following is a calculation of the basic and diluted EPS for the Company's common stock, including a reconciliation 
between net income (loss) and net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 
2017, 2016, and 2015:

(In thousands, except for per share data)

2017

2016

2015

Basic EPS

Numerator

Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to participating securities . . . .
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders . . . . . . . . . $

(17,416) $
316
(17,100) $

3,933
(38)
3,895

$

$

18,343
(373)
17,970

Denominator

Weighted average shares outstanding used in basic per common
share computations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13,419

13,255

11,083

Basic EPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

(1.27) $

0.29

$

1.62

Diluted EPS

Numerator

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders . . . . . . . . . $
Reallocation of net income (loss) attributable to participating
securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for diluted
EPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

(17,100) $

3,895

$

17,970

—

—

—

(17,100) $

3,895

$

17,970

Denominator

Weighted average shares outstanding used in basic per common
share computations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:

Performance share awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding used in diluted per common
share computations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13,419

13,255

11,083

—

—

—

13,419

13,255

11,083

Diluted EPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

(1.27) $

0.29

$

1.62

7.   INCOME TAXES

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the FASB’s Codification topic, Income Taxes. These 
provisions require a company to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon 
examination based on the technical merits of the position. If the more-likely-than-not threshold is met, a company must 
measure the tax position to determine the amount to recognize in the financial statements. The Company did not have any 
unrecognized tax positions as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The federal returns for tax years 2013 through 2016 remain open to examination, and the tax years 2013 through 2016 
remain open to examination by certain other taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject. Additional years may be 
open to the extent attributes are being carried forward to an open year.

Deferred income taxes arise from the temporary differences in the recognition of income and expenses for tax purposes. A 
valuation allowance is established when the Company believes that it is more likely than not that some portion of its 
deferred tax assets will not be realized. 

On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act"), was signed into law. Among 
other things, the Act reduces our corporate federal tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. As a result we are 

74

required to re-measure, through income tax expense, our deferred tax assets and liabilities using the enacted rate at which 
we expect them to be recovered or settled. The re-measurement of our net deferred tax liability resulted in an additional tax 
benefit of $1.9 million for the period ended December 31, 2017.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities were comprised of the following at December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:

2017

2016

Accounts receivable and financing receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Accrued vacation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued severance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued liabilities and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net operating loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Deferred tax liabilities:

1,395
519
1,416
132
207
884
172
—
13,261
17,986
1,605
16,381

$

$

Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Total net deferred tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

$

21,048
—
21,048
$
(4,667) $

1,392
1,022
1,678
894
75
1,025
—
349
26,689
33,124
1,624
31,500

34,696
50
34,746
(3,246)

Significant components of the income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as 
follows:

(In thousands)
Current provision:

2017

2016

2015

Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deferred provision:

Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total income tax provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

1,535
977

1,070
351
3,933

$

$

(72) $
453

4,144
(472)
4,053

$

8,576
1,270

(2,421)
(277)
7,148

75

The difference between income taxes at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 35% and those reported in the 
consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

(In thousands)
Income taxes at U.S. federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Provision-to-return adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State income tax, net of federal tax effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic production activities deduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transaction costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill impairment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred impact of tax reform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total income tax provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2017

2016

2015

(4,584) $
433
458
(280)
(393)
—
—
9,520
1,155
(1,890)
(304)
(182)
3,933

$

2,795
325
5
—
(349)
—
1,312
—
—
—
—
(35)
4,053

$

$

8,922
(293)
944
(670)
(414)
(1,219)
—
—
—
—
—
(122)
7,148

Our effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were (29.17)%, 50.75% and 28.04%, 
respectively. Our effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2017 was significantly impacted by tax shortfalls 
related to stock-based compensation resulting from our adoption of ASU 2016-09, the non-deductible nature of our 
goodwill impairment charges, and the effect of recent tax reform legislation. These three factors combined for a net $8.8 
million tax expense impact during 2017, affecting the period's effective tax rate by approximately 65.2%. Our effective tax 
rate for the year ended December 31, 2016 was uncharacteristically high, primarily due to permanent non-deductible 
acquisition transaction costs of $3.8 million. The significantly reduced effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 
2015 is mostly due to beneficial adjustments recorded during 2015 related to our reserves for uncertain tax positions. The 
federal returns for tax years 2004 through 2009 had previously been under examination by the IRS, primarily in relation to 
research credits claimed on those returns. The IRS completed these examinations during 2015, consequently resulting in 
enhanced clarity regarding the sustainability of our uncertain tax positions for all years.  The completion of these 
examinations prompted a change in our measurement of reserves for uncertain tax positions that benefited our effective tax 
rate by approximately 4.8% during 2015.

We have federal net operating loss carryfowards related to the acquisition of HHI of $82.9 million, $70.5 million, and 
$53.9 million at January 8, 2016, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2017, respectively, which expire at various dates 
from 2028 to 2035. We have state net operating loss carryforwards related to the acquisition of HHI of $47.6 million, $46.5 
million, and $37.1 million at January 8, 2016, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2017, respectively, which expire at 
various dates from 2018 to 2035.

Realization of deferred tax assets associated with the state net operating loss carryforward is dependent upon generating 
sufficient taxable income prior to their expiration. We believe it is more likely than not that the benefit from certain state 
NOL carryforwards will not be realized. In recognition of this risk, we have provided a valuation allowance on the deferred 
tax assets related to these state NOL carryforwards of $1.6 million at January 8, 2016 and December 31, 2016 and $1.6 
million as of December 31, 2017.

8.   STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

The Company's stock-based compensation awards are in the form of restricted stock and performance share awards made 
pursuant to the Company's 2005 Restricted Stock Plan, 2012 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, and 2014 
Incentive Plan (the "Plans"). Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the 
award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s or non-employee director’s requisite service period. As of 
December 31, 2017, there were a total of 946,183 shares of common stock reserved under the Plans for issuance under 
future share-based payment arrangements.

76

The following table details total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015, included in the consolidated statements of operations:

(In thousands)
Costs of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: income tax effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net (after tax) stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2017

2016

2015

1,750
5,416
7,166
(2,795)
4,371

$

$

1,396
3,970
5,366
(2,093)
3,273

$

$

1,447
3,933
5,380
(2,098)
3,282

As of December 31, 2017, there was $11.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based 
compensation arrangements granted under the Plans, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 
2.08 years.

       Restricted Stock

The Company grants restricted stock to executive officers, certain key employees and non-employee directors under the 
Plans with the fair value of the awards representing the fair value of the common stock on the date the restricted stock is 
granted. Shares of restricted stock generally vest in equal annual installments over the applicable vesting period, which 
ranges from one to five years. The Company records expenses for these grants on a straight-line basis over the applicable 
vesting periods. 

A summary of restricted stock activity under the Plans during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as 
follows:

Nonvested stock outstanding at January 1, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance share awards converted to restricted stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nonvested stock outstanding at December 31, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nonvested stock outstanding at December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nonvested stock outstanding at December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance Share Awards

Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

59.14

51.85

60.28

59.30

58.06

57.12

52.21

57.48

54.63
32.79

55.58

38.36

Shares

160,216

$

60,850

45,844
(62,628)
(12,885)
191,397

86,984
(93,496)
184,885
225,954
(101,644)
309,195

$

$

$

In 2014, the Company began to grant performance share awards to executive officers and certain key employees under the 
2014 Incentive Plan. The number of shares of common stock earned and issuable under the award is determined at the end 
of each performance period, based on the Company's achievement of performance goals predetermined by the 
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors at the time of grant. If certain levels of the performance criteria are 
met, the award results in the issuance of shares of restricted stock corresponding to such level, which shares are then 
subject to time-based vesting pursuant to which the shares of restricted stock vest in equal annual installments over the 
applicable vesting period, which is generally three years for restricted stock issued pursuant to performance share awards.

77

In the event that the Company's financial performance meets the predetermined target for the performance criteria, the 
Company will issue each award recipient the number of restricted shares equal to the target award specified in the 
individual's underlying performance share award agreement. In the event the financial results of the Company exceed the 
predetermined target, additional shares up to the maximum award may be issued. In the event the financial results of the 
Company fall below the predetermined target, a reduced number of shares may be issued. If the financial results of the 
Company fall below the threshold performance level, no shares will be issued.

The recipients of performance share awards do not receive dividends or possess voting rights during the performance 
period and, accordingly, the fair value of the performance share awards is the quoted market value of the Company stock 
on the grant date less the present value of the expected dividends not received during the relevant period. Expense is 
recognized using the accelerated attribution (graded vesting) method over the period beginning on the date the Company 
determines that it is probable that the performance criteria will be achieved and ending on the last day of the vesting period 
for the restricted stock issued in satisfaction of such awards. In the event the Company determines it is no longer probable 
that the minimum performance level will be achieved, all previously recognized compensation expense related to the 
applicable awards is reversed in the period such a determination is made.

A summary of performance share award activity under the 2014 Incentive Plan for the years ended December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015, is as follows, based on the target award amounts set forth in the performance share award agreements:

Performance share awards outstanding at January 1, 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Forfeited or unearned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance share awards converted to restricted stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance share awards outstanding at December 31, 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Forfeited or unearned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance share awards converted to restricted stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Shares

46,541

$

52,364
(3,590)
(45,844)
49,471

77,594
(49,471)
—

$

Performance share awards outstanding at December 31, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

77,594

$

Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Forfeited or unearned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performance share awards converted to restricted stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

189,325
(77,594)
—

Performance share awards outstanding at December 31, 2017. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

189,325

$

Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

60.28

49.29

51.42

60.28

49.29

49.64

49.29

—

49.64

29.94

49.64

—

29.94

9.   CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist principally of 
temporary cash investments and trade receivables (including financing receivables). The Company places its temporary 
cash investments with credit-worthy, high-quality financial institutions.

The Company’s customer base is concentrated in the healthcare industry. Customers are located throughout the United 
States. The Company requires no collateral or other security to support customer trade receivables. An allowance for 
doubtful accounts and allowance for credit losses has been established for potential credit losses based on historical 
collection experience.

The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts, which, at times, may exceed federally 
insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and does not believe it is exposed to any 
significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

10.  FINANCING RECEIVABLES

During 2017, total financing receivables increased by $15.4 million to $26.5 million as of December 31, 2017, compared 
with $11.1 million as of December 31, 2016. The increase in financing arrangements is primarily due to two reasons; 
meaningful use stage 3 installations are primarily financed through short-term payment plans, and competitor financing 

78

options through accounts receivables management collections and cloud EHR arrangements apply pressure to reduce initial 
customer capital investment requirements for new EHR installations leading to the offering of long-term lease options. 

Short-Term Payment Plans

The Company has sold information and patient care systems to certain healthcare providers under Second Generation 
Meaningful Use Installment Plans (see below) with maximum contractual terms of three years and expected terms of less 
than one year and other arrangements requiring fixed monthly payments over terms ranging from 3 to 12 months ("Fixed 
Periodic Payment Plans"). These receivables, collectively referred to as short-term payment plans and included in the 
current portion of financing receivables, were comprised of the following on December 31, 2017 and 2016:

(In thousands)
Second Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans, gross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Fixed Periodic Payment Plans, gross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Short-term payment plans, gross. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less: allowance for losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: unearned income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Short-term payment plans, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2017

2016

96
8,985
9,081

(638)
—
8,443

$

$

3,080
1,988
5,068

(1,796)
—
3,272

Sales-Type Leases

Additionally, the Company leases its information and patient care systems to certain healthcare providers under sales-type 
leases expiring in various years through 2024. These receivables typically have terms from two to seven years, bear interest 
at various rates, and are usually collateralized by a security interest in the underlying assets. Since the Company has a 
history of successfully collecting amounts due under the original payment terms of these extended payment arrangements 
without making any concessions to its customers, the Company satisfies the requirement for revenue recognition. The 
Company’s history with these types of extended payment term arrangements supports management’s assertion that 
revenues are fixed and determinable and collection is probable.

The components of these lease receivables were as follows on December 31:

(In thousands)
Sales-type leases, gross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Less: allowance for losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: unearned income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales-type leases, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2017

2016

22,968
(2,606)
(2,265)
18,097

$

$

8,981
(402)
(797)
7,782

Future minimum lease payments to be received subsequent to December 31, 2017 are as follows:

(In thousands)
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total minimum lease payments to be received. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less allowance for losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less unearned income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net lease receivables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

6,905
5,619
4,540
3,337
1,770
797
22,968
(2,606)
(2,265)
18,097

79

Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table is a roll-forward of the allowance for financing credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2017 
and 2016:

(In thousands)
December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . $
December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Beginning
Balance

Provision

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Ending
Balance

2,198
654

$
$

1,823
1,762

$
$

(777) $
(218) $

— $
— $

3,244
2,198

The Company’s financing receivables are comprised of a single portfolio segment, as the balances are all derived from 
short-term payment plan arrangements and sales-type leasing arrangements within our target market of community 
hospitals. The Company evaluates the credit quality of its financing receivables based on a combination of factors, 
including, but not limited to, customer collection experience, economic conditions, the customer’s financial condition, and 
known risk characteristics impacting the respective customer base of community hospitals, the most notable of which relate 
to enacted and potential changes in Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rates as community hospitals typically generate 
a significant portion of their revenues and related cash flows from beneficiaries of these programs. In addition to specific 
account identification, the Company utilizes historical collection experience to establish the allowance for credit losses. 
Financing receivables are written off only after the Company has exhausted all collection efforts. The Company has been 
successful in collecting its financing receivables and considers the credit quality of such arrangements to be good, 
especially as the underlying assets act as collateral for the receivables.

Customer payments are considered past due if a scheduled payment is not received within contractually agreed upon terms. 
To facilitate customer collection and credit monitoring efforts, financing receivable amounts are invoiced and reclassified 
to trade accounts receivable when they become due, with all invoiced amounts placed on nonaccrual status. As a result, all 
past due amounts related to the Company’s financing receivables are included in trade accounts receivable in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The following is an analysis of the age of financing receivables amounts 
(excluding short-term payment plans) that have been reclassified to trade accounts receivable and were past due as of 
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)
December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

1 to 90 Days
Past Due

91 to 180 Days
Past Due

181 + Days
Past Due

Total
Past Due

980
228

$
$

171
31

$
$

— $
$
34

1,151
293

For the year ended December 31, 2017, amounts considered past due increased by $0.9 million compared with the year 
ended December 31, 2016. In addition, during 2017 our exposure to financially distressed clients, as reflected in the total 
past due, prompted an increase in client-specific allowance for bad debt reserves related to financing receivables.

From time to time, the Company may agree to alternative payment terms outside of the terms of the original financing 
receivable agreement due to customer difficulties in achieving the original terms. In general, such alternative payment 
arrangements do not result in a re-aging of the related receivables. Rather, payments pursuant to any alternative payment 
arrangements are applied to the already outstanding invoices beginning with the oldest outstanding invoices as the 
payments are received.

Because amounts are reclassified to trade accounts receivable when they become due, there are no past due amounts 
included within the financing receivables or the financing receivables, current portion, net amounts in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets.

80

 
The Company utilizes an aging of trade accounts receivable as the primary credit quality indicator for its financing 
receivables, which is facilitated by the reclassification of customer payment amounts to trade accounts receivable when 
they become due. The table below categorizes customer financing receivable balances (excluding short term payment 
plans), none of which are considered past due, based on the age of the oldest payment outstanding that has been reclassified 
to trade accounts receivable:

(In thousands)
Stratification of uninvoiced customer financing receivables based on aging of related
trade accounts receivable:

1 to 90 Days Past Due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
91 to 180 Days Past Due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

181+ Days Past Due. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total uninvoiced customer financing receivables balances of customers with a trade
accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Total uninvoiced customer financing receivables of customers with no related trade
accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total financing receivables with contractual maturities of one year or less . . . . . . . . . . .
Less allowance for losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total financing receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

11,300

$

3,727

967

6,167

550

273

15,994

$

6,990

4,709

9,081
(3,244)
26,540

$

1,194

5,068
(2,198)
11,054

Second Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans

During 2012, the Company entered into multiple customer license agreements with payment terms requiring the customer 
to remit to the Company incentive payments (not to exceed the remaining balance of the contract price) received under the 
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the "ARRA") for adoption of qualifying electronic health records 
("EHRs"), with only nominal payment amounts required until the customer’s receipt of such incentive payments ("First 
Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans"). If no such incentive payments are received by the customer or if such 
payments are not sufficient to pay the remaining balance under the arrangement, payments continue at contracted nominal 
amounts until the balance of the contract price is paid in full. Because of the significant difference in the underlying 
economics of these arrangements compared to our historical financing receivables, management determined that these 
arrangements were not comparable to historical arrangements. In accordance with the Software topic and Revenue 
Recognition subtopic of the Codification, the Company recognized revenue related to these arrangements as the amounts 
become due. Cash flows from these First Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans are excluded from the Company’s 
financing receivables and deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of the year ended 
December 31, 2016 and 2017, all anticipated cash flows from these First Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans 
have been collected.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2012, we ceased offering First Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans to our 
customers, opting instead for license agreements with payment terms that provide us with greater visibility into and control 
over the customer’s meaningful use attestation process and significantly reducing the maximum timeframe over which 
customers must satisfy their full payment obligations in purchasing our system (“Second Generation Meaningful Use 
Installment Plans”). As the overall payment period durations of the Second Generation Meaningful Use Installment Plans 
are consistent with that of our historical system sale financing arrangements, revenues under the Second Generation 
Meaningful Use Installment Plans are recognized upon installation of our EHR solution. Although these arrangements 
provide for a maximum payment term of three years, management has determined the expected term for these 
arrangements to be less than one year due to (a) historical collection patterns of required EHR incentive payment amounts 
and (b) the estimated significance of those amounts, the receipt of which is expected to result in minimal or no remaining 
balance for the related arrangements. As a result, all related amounts are included as a component of financing receivables, 
current portion, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and as a component of short-term payment plans 
within this Note 10.

81

11.   INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Our purchased definite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows:

(In thousands)

Gross carrying amount. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Accumulated amortization for year ended December
31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net intangible assets as of December 31, 2016. . . . . . .

Customer
Relationships
82,300

Trademark

$

10,900

Developed
Technology
24,100
$

Total

$

117,300

(6,398)
75,902

(832)
10,068

(2,952)
21,148

Accumulated amortization for year ended December
31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net intangible assets as of December 31, 2017. . . . . . . $

(6,539)
69,363

$

(850)
9,218

$

(3,016)
18,132

$

Weighted average remaining years of useful life. . . . . . .

11

13

6

(10,182)
107,118

(10,405)
96,713

11

The following table represents the remaining amortization of definite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2017:

(In thousands)

For the year ended December 31,
2018. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2019. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Due thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

10,406

10,112

10,106

10,066

10,066

45,957

96,713

The following table sets forth the change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 
2017 and 2016:

(In thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Goodwill acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance as of December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Goodwill impairment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance as of December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Acute Care
EHR

Post-acute
Care EHR

TruBridge

Total

— $

97,095

97,095 $

—

97,095 $

— $

57,570

57,570 $
(28,000)
29,570 $

— $

13,784

13,784 $

—

13,784 $

—

168,449

168,449
(28,000)
140,449

We did not identify any events or circumstances that would require interim goodwill impairment testing prior to October 1, 
2017. Based on our assessment as of October 1, 2017, we determined that there was no impairment of goodwill for our 
Acute Care EHR and TruBridge reporting units. We also determined as of October 1, 2017, that it was more likely than not 
that we did not have an impairment of our Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. During the fourth quarter of 2017, the 
cumulation of events, including anticipated attrition of significant post-acute customer accounts and a product development 
acceleration plan for our post-acute EHR software, triggered management to re-assess future discounted cash flow 
projections incorporated in the October 1, 2017 annual assessment to include updated assumptions for the aforementioned 
fourth quarter events impacting the Post-acute Care EHR reporting unit. The result of our fair value assessment, which 
applied a combination of the income and market valuation approach, measured the reporting unit's fair value less than the 
reporting unit's carrying value. A goodwill impairment of $28.0 million was recorded against our Post-acute Care EHR 
reporting unit as of December 31, 2017. We determined there was no impairment to goodwill as of December 31, 2016.

82

12.  LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt was comprised of the following at December 31, 2017 and 2016:

(In thousands)

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Term loan facility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Revolving credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital lease obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Debt obligations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: debt issuance costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Debt obligation, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

115,538

27,983

565

144,086
(1,652)
142,434
(5,820)
136,614

$

121,875

33,000

861

155,736
(2,930)
152,806
(5,817)
146,989

As of December 31, 2017, the carrying value of debt approximates the fair value due to the variable interest rate which 
reflects market rates.

Credit Agreement

In conjunction with our acquisition of HHI in January 2016, we entered into the Previous Credit Agreement which 
provided for the $125 million Previous Term Loan Facility and the $50 million Previous Revolving Credit Facility. On 
October 13, 2017, the Company entered into the Second Amendment to refinance and decrease the aggregate committed 
size of the credit facilities from $175 million to $162 million, which included the $117 million Amended Term Loan 
Facility and the $45 million Amended Revolving Credit Facility. On February 8, 2018, the Company entered into the Third 
Amendment to increase the aggregate principle amount of the credit facilities from $162 million to $167 million, which 
includes the $117 million Amended Term Loan Facility and a $50 million Amended Revolving Credit Facility.

Each of the Previous Credit Facilities bore interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, 
either (1) the Adjusted LIBOR rate for the relevant interest period, (2) an alternate base rate determined by reference to the 
greater of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant interest period plus one half of 
one percent per annum and (c) the one month LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum, or (3) a combination of (1) and (2). 
The applicable margin ranged from 2.25% to 3.50% for LIBOR loans and 1.25% to 2.50% for base rate loans, in each case 
based on our consolidated leverage ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). Interest on the outstanding 
principal of the Previous Term Loan Facility and interest on borrowings under the Previous Revolving Credit Facility was 
payable on the last day of each month, in the case of each base rate loan, and on the last day of each interest period (but no 
less frequently than every three months), in the case of LIBOR loans. Principal payments on the Previous Term Loan 
Facility were due on the last day of each fiscal quarter beginning March 31, 2016, with quarterly principal payments of 
approximately $0.8 million in 2016, approximately $1.6 million in 2017, approximately $2.3 million in 2018, 
approximately $3.1 million in 2019 and approximately $3.9 million in 2020, with the remainder due at maturity on 
January 8, 2021 or such earlier date as the obligations under the Previous Credit Agreement become due and payable 
pursuant to the terms of the Previous Credit Agreement (the “Previous Maturity Date”). 

The Previous Revolving Credit Facility included a $5 million swingline sublimit, with swingline loans bearing interest at 
the alternate base rate plus the applicable margin. Any principal outstanding under the Previous Revolving Credit Facility 
was due and payable on the Previous Maturity Date.

Each of the Amended Credit Facilities continues to bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin plus, at 
our option, either (1) the Adjusted LIBOR rate for the relevant interest period, (2) an alternate base rate determined by 
reference to the greater of (a) the prime lending rate of Regions, (b) the federal funds rate for the relevant interest period 
plus one half of one percent per annum and (c) the one month LIBOR rate plus one percent per annum, or (3) a 
combination of (1) and (2). The applicable margin range for LIBOR loans and the letter of credit fee ranges from 2.00% to 
3.50%. The applicable margin range for base rate loans ranges from 1.00% to 2.50%, in each case based on the Company's 
consolidated leverage ratio. 

Principal payments with respect to the Amended Term Loan Facility are due on the last day of each fiscal quarter beginning 
December 31, 2017, with quarterly principal payments of approximately $1.46 million through September 30, 2019, 
approximately $2.19 million through September 30, 2021 and approximately $2.93 million through September 30. 2022, 

83

with the maturity on October 13, 2022 or such earlier date as the obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement become 
due and payable pursuant to the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement (the "Amended Maturity Date"). Any principal 
outstanding under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility is due and payable on the Amended Maturity Date.

Anticipated annual future maturities of the Term Loan Facility, Revolving Credit Facility, and capital lease obligation are 
as follows as of December 31, 2017:

(In thousands)
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,166

6,831

8,775

9,506

112,808

—

$

144,086

Both the Previous Credit Facilities and Amended Credit Facilities are secured pursuant to a Pledge and Security 
Agreement, dated January 8, 2016, among the parties identified as obligors therein and Regions, as collateral agent (the 
“Security Agreement”), on a first priority basis by a security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets 
(subject to certain exceptions) of the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as guarantors (collectively, the 
“Subsidiary Guarantors”), including certain registered intellectual property and the capital stock of certain of the 
Company’s direct and indirect subsidiaries. Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are also guaranteed by 
the Subsidiary Guarantors.

The Previous Credit Agreement provided incremental facility capacity of $50 million, subject to certain conditions. The 
Amended Credit Agreement, as amended by the Third Amendment, also provides incremental facility capacity of $50 
million, subject to certain conditions. Both the Previous and Amended Credit Agreements include a number of restrictive 
covenants that, among other things and in each case subject to certain exceptions and baskets, impose operating and 
financial restrictions on the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, including the ability to incur additional debt; incur 
liens and encumbrances; make certain restricted payments, including paying dividends on the Company's equity securities 
or payments to redeem, repurchase or retire the Company's equity securities (which are subject to our compliance, on a pro 
forma basis to give effect to the restricted payment, with the fixed charge coverage ratio and consolidated leverage ratio 
described below); enter into certain restrictive agreements; make investments, loans and acquisitions; merge or consolidate 
with any other person; dispose of assets; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with affiliates; 
and materially alter the business we conduct. Both the Previous and Amended Credit Agreements require the Company to 
maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25:1.00 throughout the duration of such agreement. Under the 
Previous Credit Agreement, the Company was required to comply with a maximum consolidated leverage ratio of 
3.50:1.00 through September 30, 2017, 3.00:1.00 from October 1, 2017 through September 30, 2018, and 2.50:1.00 
thereafter. The Amended Credit Agreement increased the maximum consolidated leverage ratio with which the Company 
must comply to 3.95:1.00 through December 31, 2017 and 3.50:1.00 from January 1, 2018 and thereafter. The Previous and 
Amended Credit Agreements also contain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of 
default. We believe that we were in compliance with the covenants contained in the Amended Credit Agreement as of 
December 31, 2017.

The Previous Credit Agreement required the Company to mandatorily prepay the Previous Credit Facilities with (i) 100% 
of net cash proceeds from certain sales and dispositions, subject to certain reinvestment rights, (ii) 100% of net cash 
proceeds from certain issuances or incurrences of additional debt, (iii) 50% of net cash proceeds from certain issuances or 
sales of equity securities, subject to a step down to 0% if the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio was no greater than 
2.50:1.0, and (iv) beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, 50% of excess cash flow (minus certain 
specified other payments), subject to a step down to 0% of excess cash flow if the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio 
was no greater than 2.50:1.0. The mandatory prepayment requirements remain the same under the Amended Credit 
Agreement, except that the Company must prepay the Amended Credit Facilities with (i) 75% of excess cash flow (minus 
certain specified other payments) during each of the fiscal years ending December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2018 and 
(ii) 50% of excess cash flow (minus certain specified other payments) during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019 and 
thereafter. The Company was permitted to voluntarily prepay the Previous Credit Facilities and is permitted to voluntarily 

84

prepay the Amended Credit Facilities at any time without penalty, subject to customary “breakage” costs with respect to 
prepayments of LIBOR rate loans made on a day other than the last day of any applicable interest period.

13.  BENEFIT PLANS

In January 1994, the Company adopted the CPSI 401(k) Retirement Plan that covers all eligible employees of the 
Company who have completed one year of service. The plan allows eligible employees to contribute up to 60% of their 
pre-tax earnings up to the statutory limit prescribed by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company matches a discretionary 
amount determined by the Board of Directors. The Company contributed approximately $2.6 million, $2.8 million, and 
$2.2 million to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company provides certain health and medical benefits to eligible employees, their spouses and dependents pursuant to 
a benefit plan funded by the Company. Each participating employee contributes to the Company’s costs associated with 
such benefit plan. The Company’s obligation to fund this benefit plan and pay for these benefits is limited through the 
Company’s purchase of an insurance policy from a third-party insurer. The amount established as a reserve is intended to 
recognize the Company’s estimated obligations with respect to its payment of claims and claims incurred but not yet 
reported under the benefit plan. Management believes that the recorded liability for medical self-insurance at December 31, 
2017 and 2016 is adequate to cover the losses and claims incurred, but these reserves are based on estimates and the 
amount ultimately paid may be more or less than such estimates.

14.  OPERATING LEASES

The Company leased office space during 2017 in various locations in Alabama, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, 
Colorado, and Mississippi. These leases have terms expiring from 2018 through 2027 but do contain optional extension 
terms.

The future minimum lease payments payable under these operating leases subsequent to December 31, 2017 are as follows:

(In thousands)
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,959
1,288
847
784
706
1,922
7,506

Total rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $2.6 million, $2.7 million, $1.0 million, 
respectively.

15.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company is involved in routine litigation that arises in the ordinary course of business. Management 
does not believe it is reasonably possible that such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial 
statements.

16.  FAIR VALUE

FASB Codification topic, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and 
expands financial statement disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell 
an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in 
an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Codification topic does not require any 
new fair value measurements, but rather applies to all other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value 
measurements. The Codification topic requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in 
one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

85

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

The accrued contingent consideration depicted below represents the remaining potential earnout incentive for former Rycan 
shareholders, relating to the purchase of Rycan by HHI in 2015. As a result of 2017 Rycan performance, a payout of 
$625,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017, was paid prior to December 31, 2017. We have estimated the fair value of 
the remaining contingent consideration based on the amount of revenue we expect to be earned by Rycan for the year 
ending December 31, 2018 in accordance with the agreement. 

(In thousands)
Description
Contingent consideration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Fair Value at December 31, 2017 Using

Quoted Prices in

Carrying

Amount at

12/31/2017

Active Markets for

Significant Other

Significant

Identical Assets

Observable Inputs

Unobservable Inputs

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

586

586

$

$

— $

— $

— $

— $

586

586

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and fair values of certain assets at December 31, 2016:

(In thousands)
Description
Contingent consideration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Fair Value at December 31, 2016 Using

Quoted Prices in

Carrying

Amount at

12/31/2016

Active Markets for

Significant Other

Significant

Identical Assets

Observable Inputs

Unobservable Inputs

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

1,120

1,120

$

$

— $

— $

— $

— $

1,120

1,120

The carrying amount of other financial instruments reported in the consolidated balance sheets for current assets and 
current liabilities approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

86

 
 
 
 
17.     SEGMENT REPORTING

Our chief operating decision makers ("CODM") utilize three operating segments, "Acute Care EHR", "Post-acute Care 
EHR" and "TruBridge", based on our three distinct business units with unique market dynamics and opportunities. 
Revenues and costs of sales are primarily derived from the provision of services and sales of our proprietary software, and 
our CODM assess the performance of these three segments at the gross profit level. Operating expenses and items such as 
interest, income tax, capital expenditures and total assets are managed at a consolidated level and thus are not included in 
our operating segment disclosures. Our CODM group is comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Growth Officer, 
Chief Operating Officer, and Chief Financial Officer. Accounting policies for each of the reportable segments are the same 
as those used on a consolidated basis. 

As of January 1, 2017, the operating segment formerly identified as "TruBridge, Rycan, and Other Outsourcing" is now 
identified as "TruBridge".

The following table presents a summary of the revenues, cost of sales, and gross profit of our three operating segments for 
the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

164,228

$

159,146

$

118,385

(In thousands)

Revenues:

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cost of sales:

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24,033

88,666

276,927

68,513

7,481

49,636

26,519

81,607

267,272

74,746

9,610

45,656

125,630

130,012

Gross profit:

Acute Care EHR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-acute Care EHR . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TruBridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95,715

16,552

39,030

84,400

16,909

35,951

151,297

137,260

Corporate operating expenses . . . . . . . . . .
Other income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . .
Interest expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . $

(156,111)

407

(1,340)

(7,736)

(13,483) $

(122,885)
220

—
(6,609)
7,986

87

—

63,789

182,174

52,500

—

35,216

87,716

65,885

—

28,573

94,458

(69,372)
405

—

—

$

25,491

18.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Credit Agreement Amendment

On February 8, 2018, the Company entered into a Third Amendment (the "Amendment") to CPSI's existing Credit 
Agreement, to increase the aggregate principle amount of the revolving credit facility (the "Amended Revolving Credit 
Facility") from $45 million to $50 million. This Amendment increases the aggregate principle amount of the credit 
facilities from $162 million to$167 million, which includes a $117 million term loan facility and the $50 million Amended 
Revolving Credit Facility.

Declaration of Dividends

On February 8, 2018, the Company announced a dividend for the first quarter of 2018 in the amount of $0.10 per share. 
The dividend was paid on March 9, 2018 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on February 22, 2018.

19.  QUARTERLY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The following table presents a summary of our results of operations for our eight most recent quarters ended December 31, 
2017. The information for each of these quarters is unaudited and has been prepared on a basis consistent with the audited 
financial statements. This information includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, we 
consider necessary for fair presentation of this information when read in conjunction with the audited financial statements 
and related notes. Our operating results have varied on a quarterly basis and may fluctuate significantly in the future.

1st Quarter

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

$

$

$

$

67,677
36,885
4,448
1,587

0.11
0.11

68,415
34,913
5,263
1,996

0.15
0.15

$

$

$

$

67,113
35,475
5,622
2,288

0.17
0.17

64,663
32,767
4,244
1,599

0.12
0.12

78,062
45,380
(18,118)
(21,537)

(1.57)
(1.57)

64,551
33,491
4,092
2,001

0.15
0.15

(In thousands, except for per share data)
Year Ended December 31, 2017

Sales revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) per share

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Year Ended December 31, 2016

Sales revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) per share

$

$

$

64,075
33,557
3,234
246

0.02
0.02

69,643
36,089
776
(1,663)

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(0.13) $
(0.13)

88

 
SCHEDULE II
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(In thousands)

Description
Allowance for doubtful accounts
deducted from accounts receivable in
the balance sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balance at
beginning of
period

Additions
charged to cost
and expenses (1)

Deductions (2)

Balance at end
of period

2015
2016
2017

$
$
$

1,253
1,216
2,370

$
$
$

674
497
1,598

$
$
$

(711) $
$
657
(1,314) $

1,216
2,370
2,654

(1)  Adjustments to allowance for change in estimates.
(2)  Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries.

Description
Allowance for credit losses deducted
from financing receivables in the
balance sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balance at
beginning of
period

Additions
charged to cost
and expenses (1)

Deductions (2)

Balance at end
of period

2015
2016
2017

$
$
$

1,001
654
2,198

$
$
$

236
1,762
1,823

$
$
$

(583) $
(218) $
(777) $

654
2,198
3,244

(1)  Adjustments to allowance for change in estimates.
(2)  Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries.

ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information 

required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 
"Exchange Act"), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms 
promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our 
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions 
regarding required disclosure. Because of the inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and 
procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and 
instances of fraud, if any, with a company have been prevented or detected on a timely basis. Even disclosure controls and 
procedures determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance that their objectives are achieved.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the 
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the 
design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) pursuant to Rule 
13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded 
that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.

89

 
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

          As previously disclosed under "Item 9A - Controls and Procedures" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2016, the Company identified a material weakness related to the Company's business combination 
process. The Company identified deficiencies in its internal controls over review of third-party valuations and properly 
establishing and accounting for opening balance sheet amounts. The Company took actions in 2017 to remediate the material 
weakness related to our internal control over financial reporting. We have made improvements to the design of the related 
controls, including standardized review procedures over third-party valuations. We supplemented our in-house accounting and 
financial reporting functions with third-party consultants with extensive experience in accounting for complex non-routine 
transactions. Testing of these remedial actions was completed as of the end of the period covered by this report and 
management has concluded that this material weakness has been remediated.

          Except as noted in the preceding paragraphs, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) during the quarter ended December 31, 2017 that have materially 
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

This report is included in Item 8 on page 55 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

This report is included in Item 8 on page 56 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION.

None. 

90

 
PART III

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all of our directors, officers (including our Chief 
Executive Officer and senior financial officers) and employees. We have also adopted a separate code of ethics with additional 
guidelines and responsibilities applicable to our Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers, known as the Code of 
Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers. Copies of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and the Code of Ethics for 
CEO and Senior Financial Officers are available on CPSI’s web site at www.cpsi.com in the "Corporate Information" section 
under "Corporate Governance."

Other information required by this Item regarding executive officers is included in Part I of this Form 10-K under the 

caption "Executive Officers" in accordance with Instruction 3 of the Instructions to Paragraph (b) of Item 401 of Regulation S-
K.

Other information required by this Item is incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K 
from CPSI’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "2018 Proxy Statement") to be filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K 

from the 2018 Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K 

from the 2018 Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

Information regarding securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference 
to the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company (the "2018 Proxy Statement") to be filed 
by the Company with the SEC under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K 

from the 2018 Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K 

from the 2018 Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

91

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) and (2) and (c) – Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules.

Financial Statements: The Financial Statements and related Financial Statements Schedule of CPSI are included 

herein in Part II, Item 8.

(a)(3) and (b) – Exhibits.

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index beginning on page 94 of this Form 10-K are filed herewith or are 

incorporated herein by reference.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this the 14th day of March, 2018. 

COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC.

By:

/s/ J. Boyd Douglas
J. Boyd Douglas
President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

92

 
 
 
Name

/s/ J. Boyd Douglas
J. Boyd Douglas

/s/ Matt J. Chambless
Matt J. Chambless

/s/ David A. Dye
David A. Dye

/s/ James B. Britain
James B. Britain

/s/ Charles P. Huffman
Charles P. Huffman

/s/ William R. Seifert, II
William R. Seifert, II

/s/ John C. Johnson
John C. Johnson

/s/ W. Austin Mulherin, III
W. Austin Mulherin, III

/s/ A. Robert Outlaw, Jr.
A. Robert Outlaw, Jr.

/s/ Regina M. Benjamin
Regina M. Benjamin

/s/ Denise W. Warren
Denise W. Warren

/s/ Glenn P. Tobin
Glenn P. Tobin

   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

March 14, 2018

Title

Date

(principal executive officer)

   Chief Financial Officer

(principal financial officer)

   Chairman of the Board and Director,

Chief Growth Officer

   Vice President – Finance and Controller

(principal accounting officer)

   Lead Director

   Director

   Director

   Director

   Director

Director

Director

Director

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

March 14, 2018

93

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS, INC. 
Unaudited Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP  
  Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) 

Net income (loss), as reported 

Pre-tax adjustments for Non-GAAP EPS: 

Deferred revenue and other  
  acquisition-related adjustments 
Amortization of acquisition-related 

intangible assets 

Stock-based compensation 
Transaction-related costs 
Non-recurring severance 
Non-cash interest expense 
Loss on extinguishment of debt 
Goodwill impairment charges 

After-tax adjustments for Non-GAAP EPS: 

Tax-effect of pre-tax adjustments, at 35% 
Tax-effect of non-deductible transaction-

related costs 

Tax shortfall from stock-based 

compensation 
Tax reform effects 
Valuation allowance for state NOLs 

Non-GAAP net income  
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 
Non-GAAP EPS 

$ 

$ 

Twelve Months Ended  
December 31, 

2017 
(17,416)  $ 

$ 

2016 

3,933 

- 

2,226 

10,406 
7,166 
27 
2,353 
645 
1,340 
28,000 

10,182 
5,366 
8,164 
- 
673 
- 
- 

(7,678) 

(9,314) 

- 

1,410 

1,155 
(1,890) 
(304) 
23,804  $ 
13,419 

1.77  $ 

- 
- 

22,640 
13,255 
1.71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Board of Directors

David A. Dye
Chairman and Chief  
Growth Officer
Computer Programs and  
Systems, Inc.

J. Boyd Douglas, Jr.
President and Chief  
Executive Officer
Computer Programs  
and Systems, Inc.

Regina Benjamin, MD 
Chief Executive Officer
Bayou La Batre Rural Health 
Clinic

Charles P. Huffman
Retired Executive Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer
EnergySouth, Inc.

John C. Johnson
Retired Real Estate Appraiser
Courtney & Morris  
Appraisals, Inc.

W. Austin Mulherin, III
Attorney
Frazer, Greene, Upchurch  
& Baker, LLC

A. Robert Outlaw, Jr.
Chief Executive Officer
China Doll Rice and Beans, Inc.

Officers

William R. Seifert, II
Retired Executive Vice President
Regions Bank
Chairman
South Alabama Advisory Board 
of Regions Bank

J. Boyd Douglas, Jr.
President and  
Chief Executive Officer

David A. Dye
Chief Growth Officer

Glenn Tobin, Ph.D.
Retired Executive Vice President 
The Advisory Board Company

Denise Warren
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Operating Officer
WakeMed Health & Hospitals

Matt J. Chambless
Chief Financial Officer

Chris L. Fowler
Chief Operating Officer

Stock Performance Graph
The following graph sets forth the cumulative total return (assuming reinvestment of dividends) to our stockholders during the period 
beginning December 31, 2012, and ending on December 31, 2017, compared to an overall stock market index (S&P 500 Index), and the 
NASDAQ Computer and Data Processing Group.

$325

$300

$275

$250

$225

$200

$175

$150

$125

$100

$75

$50

$25

$0

12/12 

12/13 

12/14 

12/15 

12/16 

12/17 

Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.

S&P 500

NASDAQ Computer and Data Processing

Computer Programs and Systems, Inc. 
S&P 500 
NASDAQ Computer and Data Processing 

$  100.00 
$  100.00 
$  100.00 

$  127.57 
$  132.39 
$  151.54 

$  129.96 
$  150.51 
$  173.50 

$  112.31 
$  152.59 
$  208.25 

55.83  $ 

$ 
73.20
$  170.84  $  208.14
$  224.83  $  315.58

12/12 

12/13 

12/14 

12/15 

12/16 

12/17

 
CORPORATE DATA

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Grant Thornton LLP
1100 Peachtree Street, Suite 1200
Atlanta, GA  30309 

Transfer Agent
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, NY  11219
Toll free: (800) 937-5449
Local & international: (718) 921-8124
Email: info@amstock.com
Web site: www.amstock.com

Legal Counsel
Maynard, Cooper & Gale, P.C.
2400 Regions/Harbert Plaza
1901 Sixth Avenue North
Birmingham, AL  35203-2618
(205) 254-1000
www.maynardcooper.com

Corporate Headquarters
Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.
6600 Wall Street
Mobile, AL  36695
(251) 639-8100
www.cpsi.com

Common Stock
Computer Programs and Systems, Inc.’s common stock 
is traded on The NASDAQ Stock Market’s Global Select 
Market under the symbol “CPSI.”

6600 Wall Street   |   Mobile, Alabama 36695