Constellation Brands
Annual Report 2017

Plain-text annual report

FISCAL YEAR 2017 ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL 2017 HIGHLIGHTS $1.7B Record Operating Cash Flow $7.3B Record Net Sales 24% Record Comparable Basis EPS Growth (1) KNOW YOUR CONSUMERS. BE BOLD & INNOVATIVE. LIVE YOUR VALUES. EXECUTE FLAWLESSLY. SUSTAIN PROFITABLE GROWTH. BUILD SHAREHOLDER VALUE. Dear Fellow Shareholders, REPEAT. The good thing about a winning strategy Our strategy is the framework for our is that it never gets old. We are pleased success, but it takes much more than to share that fiscal 2017 was yet another just a sound plan to consistently deliver year of record-breaking performance and exceptional results year after year. It unsurpassed Total Beverage Alcohol (TBA) takes a great team, “spot on” consumer leadership – thanks to a fierce commitment insights, top-to-bottom innovation, to stay true to what works. And what high-margin brands, the resources and works at Constellation Brands is a expertise to leverage TBA scope and dynamic, yet disciplined, approach to scale, and a culture that makes it fun sustaining profitable growth and building and rewarding to make a difference shareholder value. In fiscal 2017, we achieved impressive double-digit growth in sales and operating cash flow. Constellation was the #1 provider of retail dollar sales growth in TBA, propelled by our beer, wine and spirits brands that are top industry performers.(2) Our powerhouse portfolio was responsible for over 25% of TBA growth in the U.S. – at work and in our communities. At Constellation, we’re proud and privileged to have all of this and more. We have a great story to tell, and you can read all about it in our new company profile available at www.cbrands.com. This is a digital version of the printed Summary Annual Report that we have provided to shareholders in the past. market last year.(2) This top-line growth Thank you for your unwavering support was matched by equally impressive of our company and our brands. Our profitability driven by commercial and business has never been stronger, and operational excellence realized across our the prospects across our beer, wine businesses. This best-in-class combination and spirits portfolio are robust and enabled us to achieve double-digit growth compelling. It’s a great time to be a part in our stock price in fiscal 2017. Most of Constellation Brands, and we’re glad importantly we, once again, achieved you’ve joined us on our journey to elevate outstanding total shareholder returns for life with every glass raised. you, our valued investors – marking a half- decade of truly extraordinary results. In fact, if you’ve had stock in Constellation since 2012, your investments have grown by more than 700%.(3) Sincerely, Richard Sands Chairman of the Board Rob Sands President & CEO (1) EPS growth on a reported basis is up 45% over fiscal 2016. The comparable basis EPS growth amount contained in this letter is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure in a table following the Form 10-K incorporated in this Annual Report. (2) IRI and NABCA Channels, 2016 (3)Yahoo Finance; price appreciation based on closing price as of 4/23/2012 to 4/20/2017, not assuming reinvestment of dividends UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017 or TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 001-08495 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization 207 High Point Drive, Building 100 Victor, New York (Address of principal executive offices) 16-0716709 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 14564 (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (585) 678-7100 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Class A Common Stock (par value $.01 per share) Class B Common Stock (par value $.01 per share) Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the closing sales prices of the registrant’s Class A and Class B Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $28,045,135,841. The number of shares outstanding with respect to each of the classes of common stock of Constellation Brands, Inc., as of April 21, 2017, is set forth below: Class Class A Common Stock, par value $.01 per share Class B Common Stock, par value $.01 per share Class 1 Common Stock, par value $.01 per share Number of Shares Outstanding 171,447,198 23,345,727 7,720 DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE The Proxy Statement of Constellation Brands, Inc. to be issued for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders which is expected to be held July 18, 2017 is incorporated by reference in Part III to the extent described therein. TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures PART II Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation PART III Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Form 10-K Summary PART IV Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Item 15. Item 16. Page 1 10 21 21 23 23 24 26 27 49 51 105 105 106 106 106 106 107 107 108 108 This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in, or implied by, such forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including without limitation (I) the statements under Item 1 “Business” and Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding (i) our business strategy, future operations, future financial position, expected effective tax rates and anticipated tax liabilities, prospects, plans and objectives of management, including the duration of reinvestment of earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries, (ii) information concerning expected or potential actions of third parties, including potential changes to international trade agreements, tariffs, taxes and other governmental rules and regulations, (iii) information concerning the future expected balance of supply and demand for our products, (iv) timing and source of funds for operating activities, (v) the manner, timing and duration of the share repurchase program and source of funds for share repurchases, and (vi) the amount and timing of future dividends, (II) the statements regarding our beer operations expansion activities, including Mexicali Brewery construction, Obregon Brewery optimization, and the expansions of the Nava Brewery and glass plant, including anticipated costs and timeframes for completion and (III) the projections regarding the Canadian Divestiture and the Obregon Brewery acquisition are forward-looking statements. When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the words “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward- looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. In addition to the risks and uncertainties of ordinary business operations and conditions in the general economy and markets in which we compete, our forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are also subject to the risk and uncertainty that (i) the actual balance of supply and demand for our products will vary from current expectations due to, among other reasons, actual raw material supply, actual shipments to distributors and actual consumer demand, (ii) the actual demand for our products will vary from current expectations due to, among other reasons, actual shipments to distributors and actual consumer demand, (iii) the amount and timing of and source of funds for any share repurchases may vary due to market conditions, our cash and debt position, the impact of the beer operations expansion activities, and other factors as determined by management from time to time, (iv) the amount and timing of future dividends may differ from our current expectations if our ability to use cash flow to fund dividends is affected by unanticipated increases in total net debt, we are unable to generate cash flow at anticipated levels, or we fail to generate expected earnings, (v) the timeframe and actual costs associated with the beer operations expansion activities may vary from management’s current expectations due to market conditions, our cash and debt position, receipt of all required regulatory approvals by the expected dates and on the expected terms and other factors as determined by management, and (vi) the actual net gain realized and income taxes paid in connection with the Canadian Divestiture may vary from management’s estimates. Additional important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in or implied by our forward- looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are those described in Item 1A “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Company,” “CBI,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Constellation Brands, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All references to “net sales” refer to gross sales less promotions, returns and allowances, and excise taxes consistent with the Company’s method of classification. All references to “Fiscal 2017,” “Fiscal 2016” and “Fiscal 2015” refer to the Company’s fiscal year ended the last day of February of the indicated year. All references to “Fiscal 2018” refer to our fiscal year ending February 28, 2018. All references to “$” are to U.S. dollars and all references to “C$” are to Canadian dollars. Unless otherwise defined herein, refer to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the definition of capitalized terms used herein. Market positions and industry data discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are as of calendar 2016 and have been obtained or derived from industry and government publications and our estimates. The industry and government publications include: Beer Marketers Insights; Beverage Information Group; Impact Databank Review and Forecast; International Wine and Spirits Research (IWSR); IRI; and National Alcohol Beverage Control Association. We have not independently verified the data from the industry and government publications. Unless otherwise noted, all references to market positions are based on equivalent unit volume. Item 1. Business. Introduction PART I We are an international producer and marketer of beer, wine and spirits with operations in the U.S., Mexico, New Zealand, Italy and Canada and more than 100 brands in our portfolio. In the U.S., we are the largest multi- category supplier (beer, wine and spirits) (“Multi-category Supplier”) of beverage alcohol. We are the third-largest beer company in the U.S. market and the world’s leading premium wine company. Many of our products are recognized as leaders in their respective categories. This, combined with our strong market positions, makes us a supplier of choice to many of our customers, who include wholesale distributors, retailers and on-premise locations. Our vision is to elevate life with every glass raised and our mission is to build brands that people love. We are committed to brand building, our trade partners, the environment, our investors and to consumers around the world who choose our products when celebrating big moments or enjoying quiet ones. Our key values are: • • • • • people; customer focus; entrepreneurship; quality; and integrity. The Company is a Delaware corporation incorporated on December 4, 1972, as the successor to a business founded in 1945. We have approximately 8,700 employees located primarily in the U.S. and Mexico, with our corporate headquarters located in Victor, New York. We conduct our business through entities we wholly own as well as through a variety of joint ventures and other entities. Strategy Our overall strategy is to sustain profitable growth and build shareholder value. We position our portfolio to benefit from industry premiumization trends, which we believe will continue to result in faster growth rates in the high-end of the beer, wine and spirits categories. Certain key U.S. industry trends include: • • • high-end beer (led by imported and craft) growing faster than total beer; growth in U.S. per capita consumption of wine and spirits and volume of premium and above wine and spirits growing faster than value-priced wine and spirits; and consolidation of suppliers, wholesalers and retailers. To capitalize on these trends, become more competitive and grow our business, we have generally employed a strategy focused on a combination of organic growth and acquisitions, with an increasing focus on the higher-growth, higher-margin premium and above categories of the beverage alcohol industry. Key elements of our strategy include: • • • • • • leveraging our leading position in total beverage alcohol and our scale with wholesalers and retailers to expand distribution of our product portfolio and cross promotional opportunities; strengthening relationships with wholesalers and retailers by providing consumer and beverage alcohol insights; investing in brand building activities; positioning ourselves for success with consumer-led innovation capabilities; realizing operating efficiencies through expanding and enhancing production capabilities and maximizing asset utilization; and developing employees to enhance performance in the marketplace. 1 In the beer business, we completed the Beer Business Acquisition in June 2013, which solidified our position in the U.S. beer market over the long-term; diversified our profit base and enhanced our margins, results of operations and operating cash flow; and provided new avenues for growth. Since completing this transformational acquisition, we have made capital investments and acquisitions to increase beer production capacity to secure independence from a supply standpoint and to support the growth of the business. We enhanced our position in the high-end beer segment with the acquisition of Ballast Point, a highly-awarded craft brewer, which provided us with a high-growth premium platform to compete in the growing, emerging national craft beer category. In our wine and spirits business, we have acquired higher-growth, higher-margin premium and above wine brands including Meiomi, Prisoner and Charles Smith wine brands, and divested the lower-margin Canadian wine business, as part of our efforts to increase our mix of premium and above brands, improve margins and create operating efficiencies. In addition, we have added high-growth, high-end brands to our spirits portfolio through the acquisitions of Casa Noble and High West. For further information on our strategy, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“MD&A”). Acquisitions, Investments and Divestitures As part of our strategy to improve margins, enhance production capabilities and keep an increased focus on the higher-growth, higher-margin premium and above categories of the beverage alcohol industry, we have completed the following acquisitions, investments and divestitures: Transaction Beer Segment Obregon Brewery acquisition Ballast Point acquisition Glass production plant acquisition through joint venture with Owens-Illinois Date December 2016 December 2015 December 2014 Beer Business Acquisition June 2013 Strategic Contribution Provided immediate functioning brewery capacity to support our fast- growing, high-end Mexican beer portfolio and flexibility for future innovation initiatives; enabled us to become fully independent from an interim supply agreement with Modelo. Provided a high-growth premium platform to compete in the growing, emerging national craft beer category; further strengthened our position in the high-end of the U.S. beer market. State-of-the-art glass production plant located adjacent to our Nava Brewery in Mexico; solidified our long-term glass sourcing strategy under favorable terms. Provided complete, independent control of our U.S. commercial beer business, the state-of-the-art Nava Brewery and the exclusive perpetual brand rights to import, market and sell Corona and certain other Mexican beer brands in the U.S. market; solidified our position in the U.S. beer market for the long term; made us the third-largest brewer and seller of beer for the U.S. market; combined with our strong position in wine and spirits, solidified us as the largest Multi-category Supplier of beverage alcohol in the U.S. Wine and Spirits Segment Canadian Divestiture Charles Smith acquisition High West acquisition Prisoner acquisition Meiomi acquisition Casa Noble acquisition December 2016 October 2016 October 2016 April 2016 August 2015 September 2014 Divestiture of the lower-margin Canadian wine business. Collection of five fast-growing, high-quality super and ultra-premium Washington State wine brands; strong consumer affinity and demand. Portfolio of distinctive, award-winning, fast-growing and high-end craft whiskeys and other select spirits. Portfolio of five fast-growing, higher-margin, super-luxury wine brands; strengthened our position in the super-luxury wine category. Higher-margin, luxury growth brand; further strengthened our position in the U.S. pinot noir category. Fast-growing, higher-margin, super-premium tequila business; complements our Mexican beer portfolio; further strengthened both our on and off-premise presence as tequila and Mexican beer share similar target consumers and drinking occasions. 2 For further information about our Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015 transactions, refer to (i) MD&A and (ii) Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Notes to the Financial Statements”). Business Segments We report our operating results in three segments: (i) Beer, (ii) Wine and Spirits, and (iii) Corporate Operations and Other. The business segments reflect how our operations are managed, how resources are allocated, how operating performance is evaluated by senior management and the structure of our internal financial reporting. We report net sales in two reportable segments, as follows: For the Year Ended February 28, 2017 % of Net Sales For the Year Ended February 29, 2016 % of Net Sales For the Year Ended February 28, 2015 % of Net Sales $ 4,229.3 57.7% $ 3,622.6 55.3% $ 3,188.6 52.9% 2,739.3 362.9 3,102.2 7,331.5 37.4% 4.9% 42.3% $ 2,591.4 334.4 2,925.8 6,548.4 39.6% 5.1% 44.7% $ 2,523.4 316.0 2,839.4 6,028.0 41.9% 5.2% 47.1% (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits: Wine Spirits Total Wine and Spirits Consolidated Net Sales $ Beer Segment We are the leader in the high-end segment of the U.S. beer market. We sell a number of brands in the import and craft beer categories. Within the imported beer category, we have the exclusive right to import, market and sell these Mexican beer brands in all 50 states of the U.S.: • Corona Extra • Corona Light • Modelo Especial • Modelo Negra • Modelo Chelada • Pacifico • Victoria In the U.S., we are the leading imported beer company and have six of the 15 top-selling imported beer brands. Corona Extra is the best-selling imported beer and the fifth best-selling beer overall in the U.S.; Corona Light is the leading imported light beer; and Modelo Especial is the second-largest and the fastest-growing major imported beer brand. During Fiscal 2017, we unified the Modelo brands under the Casa Modelo brand family as part of our effort to drive more effective cross promotion and establish a platform for future product innovation. Additionally, we are continuing efforts focused on increasing sales penetration of products in can and draft package formats. Our craft beer products are primarily sold under the Ballast Point brand, which is one of the fastest-growing major craft brands in the U.S. beer market. Ballast Point produces more than 40 different styles of beer, led by its popular Sculpin IPA. Since the Beer Business Acquisition, we have expanded our Nava Brewery from 10 million to 25 million hectoliters production capacity, with additional production capacity expansion activities underway. In addition, we are constructing a new, state-of-the-art brewery in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico (the “Mexicali Brewery”), 3 located near California, which is our largest beer market in the U.S., and we are investing in optimization to increase the output from our Obregon Brewery, which we acquired in December 2016. Expansion, construction and optimization efforts continue under our Mexico Beer Expansion Projects to align with our anticipated future growth expectations. Total spend related to the Mexico Beer Expansion Projects is estimated to be approximately $3.9 billion through fiscal 2021. In total, we have invested approximately $2.1 billion for the Mexico Beer Expansion Projects, with approximately $700 million during Fiscal 2017. The majority of the remaining investment is expected to occur primarily during the next three fiscal year periods. Prior to the Beer Business Acquisition, we and Modelo, indirectly, each had an equal interest in Crown Imports, which had the exclusive right to import, market and sell the Mexican Beer Brands. Wine and Spirits Segment We are the world’s leading premium wine company. We sell a large number of wine brands across all categories - table wine, sparkling wine and dessert wine - and across all price points - popular, premium and luxury categories, primarily within the $5 to $25 price range at U.S. retail - and we have a leading market position in the U.S. Our wine portfolio is supported by grapes purchased from independent growers, primarily in the U.S. and New Zealand, and vineyard holdings in the U.S., New Zealand and Italy. Our wine produced in the U.S., New Zealand and Italy is primarily marketed in the U.S. In addition, we export our wine products to Canada and other major world markets. In our spirits business, SVEDKA Vodka is imported from Sweden and is the largest imported vodka brand in the U.S. Black Velvet Canadian Whisky is the second-largest Canadian whisky brand in the U.S. Our high-end spirits brands include Casa Noble tequila and High West craft whiskeys. In the U.S., we sell 18 of the 100 top-selling table wine brands and are the leading premium wine company. Some of our well-known wine and spirits brands sold in the U.S., which comprised our Fiscal 2017 U.S. Focus Brands (“Focus Brands”), included: Black Box Clos du Bois Estancia Wine Brands Mark West Meiomi Saved Simi Mount Veeder The Dreaming Tree Franciscan Estate Inniskillin Nobilo Robert Mondavi The Prisoner Wild Horse Kim Crawford Ruffino Spirits Brands SVEDKA Vodka We dedicate a large share of sales and marketing resources to our Focus Brands as they represent a majority of our U.S. wine and spirits revenue and profitability, and generally have strong positions in their respective price categories. We have been increasing resources in support of product innovation as we believe this is one of the key drivers of overall beverage alcohol category growth. In wine, we have launched varietal line extensions behind many of our Focus Brands and introduced newer brands like Ravage, 7 Moons and Cooper & Thief. In spirits, we have been introducing flavor extensions for SVEDKA Vodka and Paul Masson Brandy. Corporate Operations and Other The Corporate Operations and Other segment includes traditional corporate-related items including executive management, corporate development, corporate finance, human resources, internal audit, investor relations, legal, public relations and information technology. 4 Further information regarding net sales, operating income and total assets of each of our business segments and information regarding geographic areas is set forth in Note 20 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. Marketing and Distribution To focus on their respective product categories, build brand equity and increase sales, our segments employ full-time, in-house marketing, sales and customer service functions. These functions engage in a range of marketing activities and strategies, including market research, consumer and trade advertising, price promotions, point-of-sale materials, event sponsorship, on-premise promotions and public relations. Where opportunities exist, particularly with national accounts in the U.S., we leverage our sales and marketing skills across the organization. In the U.S., our products are primarily distributed by wholesale distributors, with separate distribution networks utilized for (i) our beer portfolio and (ii) our wine and spirits portfolio, as well as state alcohol beverage control agencies. As is the case with all other beverage alcohol companies, products sold through these agencies are subject to obtaining and maintaining listings to sell our products in that agency’s state. State governments can affect prices paid by consumers of our products through the imposition of taxes or, in states in which the government acts as the distributor of our products through an alcohol beverage control agency, by directly setting the retail prices. Trademarks and Distribution Agreements Trademarks are an important aspect of our business. We sell products under a number of trademarks, which we own or use under license. Throughout our segments, we also have various licenses and distribution agreements for the sale, or the production and sale, of our products and products of third parties. These licenses and distribution agreements have varying terms and durations. Within the Beer segment, we have an exclusive sub-license to use trademarks related to our Mexican beer brands in the U.S. This sub-license agreement is perpetual. Prior to the Beer Business Acquisition, Crown Imports had exclusive importation agreements with the suppliers of certain imported beer products and had an exclusive renewable sub-license to use certain trademarks related to the imported beer brands in the U.S. Competition The beverage alcohol industry is highly competitive. We compete on the basis of quality, price, brand recognition and distribution strength. Our beverage alcohol products compete with other alcoholic and non- alcoholic beverages for consumer purchases, as well as shelf space in retail stores, restaurant presence and wholesaler attention. We compete with numerous multinational producers and distributors of beverage alcohol products, some of which have greater resources than we do. Our principal competitors include: Beer Wine Anheuser-Busch InBev, Molson Coors, Heineken, Pabst Brewing Company, The Boston Beer Company E&J Gallo Winery, The Wine Group, Trinchero Family Estates, Treasury Wine Estates, Ste. Michelle Wine Estates, Deutsch Family Wine & Spirits, Jackson Family Wines Spirits Diageo, Beam Suntory, Brown-Forman, Sazerac Company, Pernod Ricard Production For Fiscal 2017, approximately 80% of our Mexican Beer Brands requirements were produced by our Nava Brewery, which is located in Mexico, approximately 10 miles from the Texas border. The current capacity of the Nava Brewery is 25 million hectoliters. We intend to expand the Nava Brewery’s capacity to 27.5 million hectoliters production capacity. Additionally, the construction of the Mexicali Brewery, which will also be located in Mexico, approximately 10 miles from the California border, will initially be built to provide 5 million hectoliters production capacity with the ability to scale to 20 million hectoliters production capacity in the future. 5 Previously, to meet our beer supply requirements above the original 10 million hectoliter Nava Brewery production capacity, we entered into a three-year interim supply agreement with Modelo in June 2013. This agreement was initially extended for one additional year to June 2017. However, the purchase of the Obregon Brewery enabled us to become fully independent from this interim supply agreement, which was terminated at the time of this acquisition. We currently operate five facilities in the greater San Diego, California area for the production of our Ballast Point brand, including Miramar, which serves as the primary production site for the brand. This facility was built in 2014 and may be expanded to accommodate future growth. Additionally, we are building a Ballast Point brewery in Daleville, Virginia. In the U.S., we operate 18 wineries using many varieties of grapes grown principally in the Napa, Sonoma, Monterey and San Joaquin regions of California. We also operate four wineries in New Zealand and five wineries in Italy. Grapes are crushed at most of our wineries and stored as wine until packaged for sale under our brand names or sold in bulk. The inventories of wine are usually at their highest levels during and after the crush of each year’s grape harvest, and are reduced prior to the subsequent year’s crush. Wine inventories are usually at their highest levels in September through November in the U.S. and Italy, and in March through May in New Zealand. Our Canadian whisky requirements are produced and aged at our Canadian distillery in Lethbridge, Alberta. We currently operate two facilities in the U.S. for the production of our High West whiskey brand. The requirements for grains and bulk spirits used in the production of our spirits are purchased from various suppliers. Certain of our wines and spirits must be aged for more than one year up to multiple years. Therefore, our inventories of wines and spirits may be larger in relation to sales and total assets than in many other businesses. Sources and Availability of Production Materials The principal components in the production of our craft and Mexican beer brands include water; agricultural products, such as yeast and grains; and packaging materials, which include glass, aluminum and cardboard. For our Mexican beer brands, packaging materials represent the largest cost component of production, with glass bottles representing the largest cost component of our packaging materials. In Fiscal 2017, the package format mix of our Mexican beer volume sold in the U.S. was 72% glass bottles, 26% aluminum cans and 2% in stainless steel kegs. The Nava Brewery and the Obregon Brewery receive water originating from aquifers. We believe we have adequate access to water to support the breweries’ on-going requirements, as well as future requirements after the completion of planned expansion and optimization activities. As part of our efforts to solidify our beer glass sourcing strategy over the long-term, we formed an equally- owned joint venture with Owens-Illinois, the world’s largest glass container manufacturer. The joint venture acquired a state-of-the-art glass production plant that is located adjacent to our Nava Brewery in Mexico, in December 2014. The glass plant currently has two operational glass furnaces and the joint venture intends to increase it to four furnaces by early calendar 2018. When fully operational with four furnaces, the glass plant is expected to supply approximately 50% of our glass requirements for the Nava Brewery. We also have long-term glass supply agreements with other glass producers. The principal components in the production of our wine and spirits products are agricultural products, such as grapes and grain, and packaging materials (primarily glass). Most of our annual grape requirements are satisfied by purchases from each year’s harvest which normally begins in August and runs through October in the U.S. and Italy, and begins in February and runs through May in New Zealand. We receive grapes from approximately 950 independent growers in the U.S. and approximately 125 6 independent growers located primarily in New Zealand. We enter into purchase agreements with a majority of these growers with pricing that generally varies year-to-year and is generally based on then-current market prices. As of February 28, 2017, we owned or leased approximately 20,900 acres of land and vineyards, either fully bearing or under development, primarily in the U.S., New Zealand and Italy. This acreage supplies only a small percentage of our overall total grape needs for wine production. However, most of this acreage is used to supply a large portion of the grapes used for the production of certain of our higher-end wines. We continue to consider the purchase or lease of additional vineyards, and additional land for vineyard plantings, to supplement our grape supply. We believe that we have adequate sources of grape supplies to meet our sales expectations. However, when demand for certain wine products exceeds expectations, we look to source the extra requirements from the bulk wine markets around the world. The distilled spirits manufactured and imported by us require various agricultural products, neutral grain spirits and bulk spirits which we fulfill through purchases from various sources by contractual arrangement and through purchases on the open market. We believe that adequate supplies of the aforementioned products are available at the present time. We utilize glass and polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”) bottles and other materials such as caps, corks, capsules, labels, wine bags and cardboard cartons in the bottling and packaging of our wine and spirits products. After grape purchases, glass bottle costs are the largest component of our cost of product sold. In the U.S., the glass bottle industry is highly concentrated with only a small number of producers. We have traditionally obtained, and continue to obtain, our glass requirements from a limited number of producers under long-term supply arrangements. Currently, one producer supplies most of our glass container requirements for our U.S. operations. We have been able to satisfy our requirements with respect to the foregoing and consider our sources of supply to be adequate at this time. Government Regulation We are subject to a range of laws and regulations in the countries in which we operate. Where we produce products, we are subject to environmental laws and regulations, and may be required to obtain environmental and alcohol beverage permits and licenses to operate our facilities. Where we market and sell products, we may be subject to laws and regulations on brand registration, packaging and labeling, distribution methods and relationships, pricing and price changes, sales promotions, advertising and public relations. We are also subject to rules and regulations relating to changes in officers or directors, ownership or control. We believe we are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable governmental laws and regulations in the countries in which we operate. We also believe that the cost of administration and compliance with, and liability under, such laws and regulations does not have, and is not expected to have, a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Seasonality The beverage alcohol industry is subject to seasonality in each major category. As a result, in response to wholesaler and retailer demand which precedes consumer purchases, our beer sales are typically highest during the first and second quarters of our fiscal year, which correspond to the Spring and Summer periods in the U.S. Our wine and spirits sales are typically highest during the third quarter of our fiscal year, primarily due to seasonal holiday buying. Employees As of February 28, 2017, we had approximately 8,700 employees. Approximately 4,600 employees were in the U.S. and approximately 4,100 employees were outside of the U.S., primarily in Mexico. We may employ additional workers during the grape crushing seasons. Approximately 22% of our employees are covered by 7 collective bargaining agreements. Collective bargaining agreements expiring within one year cover approximately 3% of our employees. We consider our employee relations generally to be good. Executive Officers of the Company Information with respect to our current executive officers is as follows: NAME Richard Sands Robert Sands William F. Hackett F. Paul Hetterich Thomas M. Kane David Klein Thomas J. Mullin William A. Newlands Christopher Stenzel AGE 66 58 65 54 56 53 65 58 49 OFFICE OR POSITION HELD Chairman of the Board President and Chief Executive Officer Executive Vice President and Chairman, Beer Division Executive Vice President and President, Beer Division Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Executive Vice President and General Counsel Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Executive Vice President and President, Wine & Spirits Division Richard Sands, Ph.D., is the Chairman of the Board of the Company. He has been employed by the Company in various capacities since 1979. He has served as a director since 1982. In September 1999, Mr. Sands was elected Chairman of the Board. He served as Chief Executive Officer from October 1993 to July 2007, as Executive Vice President from 1982 to May 1986, as President from May 1986 to December 2002 and as Chief Operating Officer from May 1986 to October 1993. He is the brother of Robert Sands. Robert Sands is President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. He was appointed Chief Executive Officer in July 2007 and appointed as President in December 2002. He has served as a director since January 1990. Mr. Sands also served as Chief Operating Officer from December 2002 to July 2007, as Group President from April 2000 through December 2002, as Chief Executive Officer, International from December 1998 through April 2000, as Executive Vice President from October 1993 through April 2000, as General Counsel from June 1986 through May 2000 and as Vice President from June 1990 through October 1993. He is the brother of Richard Sands. William F. Hackett has served as an Executive Vice President of the Company since June 2013. Since January 2016 he has performed the role of Chairman, Beer Division and from June 2013 through January 2016 he performed the role of President, Beer Division. Crown Imports LLC was previously owned 50% by the Company, and as a result of the Beer Business Acquisition, it is now a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company. Mr. Hackett is also Chairman of Crown Imports LLC since January 2016 and before that he served as President of Crown Imports LLC from January 2007 through January 2016. Prior to that, he was President of Barton Beers, Ltd. (a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company now known as Constellation Beers Ltd.) having served in that role from 1993 until January 2007. Prior to that, Mr. Hackett held several increasingly senior positions in Barton Beers, Ltd., having joined that company in 1984. F. Paul Hetterich has been an Executive Vice President of the Company since June 2003. Since January 2016 Mr. Hetterich has performed the role of President, Beer Division and President of Crown Imports LLC, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company. From January 2015 through January 2016 he performed the role of Executive Vice President, Corporate Development & Beer Operations. From June 2011 until January 2015 he served as Executive Vice President, Business Development and Corporate Strategy, from July 2009 until June 2011 he served as Executive Vice President, Business Development, Corporate Strategy and International and from June 2003 until July 2009 he served as Executive Vice President, Business Development and Corporate Strategy. From April 2001 to June 2003 Mr. Hetterich served as the Company’s Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. Prior to that, Mr. Hetterich held several increasingly senior positions in the Company’s marketing and business development groups. Mr. Hetterich has been with the Company since 1986. 8 Thomas M. Kane joined the Company in May 2013 as Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. Mr. Kane previously served as Senior Vice President, Human Resources and Government Relations of Armstrong World Industries, Inc., a global producer of flooring products and ceiling systems, from February 2012 to May 2013, he served as its Senior Vice President, Human Resources from August 2010 to February 2012 and served as its Chief Compliance Officer from February 2011 to February 2012. Prior to that, Mr. Kane served as Global Vice President, Human Resources for Black & Decker Power Tools, a manufacturer of power and hand tools, from 2002 to 2010. From 1999 to 2002 Mr. Kane served as Global HR leader of GE Specialty Materials, a large manufacturer of silicone products. David Klein has been the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since June 2015. Prior to that, Mr. Klein served as the Company’s Senior Vice President Finance, Beer Division, having held that position from May 2014 until June 2015. He served as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Treasurer from April 2009 to July 2014 and assumed the additional responsibilities of Controller in October 2013, also serving in that role to July 2014. From March 2007 to March 2009 Mr. Klein served as chief financial officer for the Company’s former United Kingdom operations. Mr. Klein joined the Company in 2004 as Vice President of Business Development. Thomas J. Mullin joined the Company as Executive Vice President and General Counsel in May 2000. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Mullin served as President and Chief Executive Officer of TD Waterhouse Bank, NA, a national banking association, since February 2000, of CT USA, F.S.B. since September 1998 and of CT USA, Inc. since March 1997. He also served as Executive Vice President, Business Development and Corporate Strategy of C.T. Financial Services, Inc. from March 1997 through February 2000. From 1985 through 1997 Mr. Mullin served as Vice Chairman and Senior Executive Vice President of First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Rochester, New York and from 1982 through 1985 he was a partner in the law firm of Phillips Lytle LLP. William A. Newlands has been an Executive Vice President of the Company since he joined in January 2015 and has been the Company’s Chief Operating Officer since January 2017. From January 2016 to January 2017 he performed the role of President, Wine & Spirits Division and from January 2015 through January 2016 he performed the role of Chief Growth Officer. Mr. Newlands served from October 2011 until August 2014 as Senior Vice President and President, North America of Beam Inc., as Senior Vice President and President, North America of Beam Global Spirits & Wine, Inc. from December 2010 to October 2011 and as Senior Vice President and President, USA of Beam Global Spirits & Wine, Inc. from February 2008 to December 2010. Beam Inc., a producer and seller of branded distilled spirits products, merged with a subsidiary of Suntory Holding Limited, a Japanese company, in 2014. Prior to October 2011, Beam Global Spirits & Wine, Inc. was the spirits operating segment of Fortune Brands, Inc., which was a leading consumer products company that made and sold branded consumer products worldwide in the distilled spirits, home and security, and golf markets. Christopher Stenzel has been the Company’s Executive Vice President and President, Wine & Spirits Division since January 2017. Prior to that, Mr. Stenzel was Senior Vice President of Finance in the Company’s Beer Division, having performed that role from July 2015 through January 2017, and was the Company’s Senior Vice President, Treasurer and Controller from July 2014 through July 2015. Mr. Stenzel joined the Company with the Company’s acquisition of Beam Wine Estates, Inc. in December 2007, serving as a Senior Vice President of Finance in the Company’s Wine Division until July 2014. Before that, he held various financial positions of increasing responsibility with other beverage alcohol companies. Executive officers of the Company are generally chosen or elected to their positions annually and hold office until the earlier of their removal or resignation or until their successors are chosen and qualified. Company Information Our Internet website is http://www.cbrands.com. Our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports, filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are accessible free of charge at http://www.cbrands.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains 9 reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, such as ourselves, that file electronically with the SEC. The Internet address of the SEC’s site is http://www.sec.gov. Also, the public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330. We have adopted a Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics that specifically applies to our chief executive officer, our principal financial officer and our controller, and is available on our Internet site. This Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics meets the requirements as set forth in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Item 406 of Regulation S-K. We also have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all employees, directors and officers, including each person who is subject to the Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our Internet website, together with our Global Code of Responsible Practices for Beverage Alcohol Advertising and Marketing, our Board of Directors Corporate Governance Guidelines and the Charters of the Board’s Audit Committee, Human Resources Committee (which serves as the Board’s compensation committee) and Corporate Governance Committee (which serves as the Board’s nominating committee). All of these materials are accessible on our Internet website at http://www.cbrands.com/ investors/corporate-governance. Amendments to, and waivers granted to our directors and executive officers under our codes of ethics, if any, will be posted in this area of our website. Copies of these materials are available in print to any shareholder who requests them. Shareholders should direct such requests in writing to Investor Relations Department, Constellation Brands, Inc., 207 High Point Drive, Building 100, Victor, New York 14564, or by telephoning our Investor Center at 1-888-922-2150. The information regarding our website and its content is for your convenience only. The content of our website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this report or filed with the SEC. Item 1A. Risk Factors. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the following factors which could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. The risks described below are not the only risks we face. Additional factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, cash flows, financial condition or results of operations in future periods. International operations, currency rate fluctuations, interest rate fluctuations and geopolitical uncertainty Our products are produced and sold in numerous countries throughout the world, we have employees in various countries throughout the world and we have production facilities currently in the U.S., Mexico, New Zealand, Italy and Canada. Risks associated with international operations, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations, include: • • • • • • • • changes in local political, economic, social and labor conditions; potential disruption from socio-economic violence, including terrorism and drug-related violence; restrictions on foreign ownership and investments or on repatriation of cash earned in countries outside the U.S.; changes in laws, governmental regulations and policies in the U.S. and in many countries outside the U.S., including changes in tax laws and regulations; import and export requirements; currency exchange rate fluctuations; a less developed and less certain legal and regulatory environment in some countries, which among other things can create uncertainty with regard to liability issues; laws regarding the enforcement of contract and intellectual property rights; 10 • • inadequate levels of compliance with applicable anti-bribery laws, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; and other challenges caused by distance, language and cultural differences. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to overcome the challenges we encounter with respect to these factors and other matters generally affecting U.S. companies with international operations. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including anti-corruption and privacy laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our employees, business partners or agents will not violate our policies or take action determined to be in violation of the law. Any determination that our operations or activities did not comply with applicable U.S. or foreign laws or regulations could result in the imposition of fines and penalties, interruptions of business, terminations of necessary licenses and permits, and other legal and equitable sanctions. We are also exposed to risks associated with currency fluctuations and risks associated with interest rate fluctuations. Currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies in the markets in which we do business have fluctuated in recent years and are likely to continue to do so in the future. We manage our exposure to foreign currency and interest rate risks utilizing derivative instruments and other means to reduce those risks. We could experience changes in our ability to hedge against or manage fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or interest rates and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in reducing those risks. We could also be affected by nationalization of our international operations, unstable governments, unfamiliar or biased legal systems or intergovernmental disputes. These currency, economic and political uncertainties may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition, especially to the extent these matters, or the decisions, policies or economic strength of our suppliers and distributors, affect our international operations. Competition We are in a highly competitive industry and the dollar amount and unit volume of our sales could be negatively affected by numerous factors including: • • • • our inability to maintain or increase prices, particularly in our beer business; new entrants in our market or categories; a general decline in beverage alcohol consumption; or the decision of wholesalers, retailers or consumers to purchase a competitor’s product instead of ours. Unit volume and dollar amount of sales could also be affected by pricing, purchasing, financing, operational, advertising or promotional decisions made by wholesalers, state and provincial agencies, and retailers which could affect their supply of, or consumer demand for, our products. We could also experience higher than expected selling, general and administrative expenses if we find it necessary to increase the number of our personnel or our advertising or marketing expenditures to maintain our competitive position or for other reasons. Worldwide and domestic economic trends and financial market conditions We are subject to risks associated with adverse economic conditions, including economic slowdown, inflation, and the disruption, volatility and tightening of credit and capital markets. Unfavorable global or regional economic conditions could adversely impact our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations. Unemployment, tax increases, governmental spending cuts or a return of high levels of inflation could affect consumer spending patterns and purchases of our products. These could also create or exacerbate credit issues, cash flow issues and other financial hardships for us and our suppliers, distributors, retailers and consumers. The inability of suppliers, distributors and retailers to access liquidity could impact our ability to produce and distribute our products. We have a committed credit facility and additional liquidity facilities available to us. While to date we have not experienced problems with accessing these facilities, to the extent that the financial institutions that participate in these facilities were to default on their obligation to fund, those funds would not be available to us. 11 Dependence on sales of our Mexican beer brands Sales of our Mexican beer brands in the U.S. are a significant portion of our business. Accordingly, a decline in the growth rate, amount or profitability of our sales of the Mexican beer brands in the U.S. could adversely affect our business. Further, consumer preferences and tastes may shift away from the Mexican beer brands, the categories in which they compete, or beer generally due to, among other reasons, changing taste preferences, demographics or perceived value. Consequently, any material shift in consumer preferences and taste away from the Mexican beer brands, or from the categories in which they compete, could have a material adverse effect on our business, our financial condition and results of operations. Supply of Mexican beer brands In order to fulfill our current and projected Mexican beer brands product requirements, we are currently dependent on our Nava Brewery located in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico and our Obregon Brewery located in Obregon, Sonora, Mexico. Although we are in the process of optimizing our Obregon Brewery and constructing an additional brewery in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, our Nava Brewery and our Obregon Brewery are currently our sole source of supply for our Mexican beer brands. The Nava Brewery currently has the capacity to fill approximately 80% of our current product requirements with the balance able to be filled by our Obregon Brewery. Our supply of Mexican beer brands is also dependent upon an adequate supply of glass bottles. We formed the Mexican glass plant joint venture which acquired and is expanding the glass plant adjacent to our Nava Brewery in order to increase bottle output to support increased production at our Nava Brewery. We may not be able to satisfy all of our product supply requirements for the Mexican beer brands in the event of a significant partial destruction or the total destruction of the Nava Brewery or the Obregon Brewery. Also, if the contemplated Nava Brewery and glass plant expansions, Obregon Brewery optimization and Mexicali Brewery construction activities are not completed by their targeted completion dates, we may not be able to produce sufficient Mexican beer brands to satisfy our needs. Under such circumstances, we may be unable to obtain Mexican beer brands at a reasonable price from another source, if at all. A significant disruption at our Nava Brewery or our Obregon Brewery, even on a short-term basis, could impair our ability to produce and ship products to market on a timely basis. Alternative facilities with sufficient capacity or capabilities may not readily be available, may cost substantially more or may take a significant time to start production, any of which could negatively affect our business and financial performance. Similarly, although we have additional sources of supply of glass bottles, a significant partial destruction or the total destruction of the Mexican glass plant or the failure of the joint venture to complete the glass plant expansion could impair our ability to bottle and ship our Mexican beer products to market. Additionally, our general insurance policies may not cover certain types of catastrophes that might affect our supply of the Mexican beer brands. A major uninsured catastrophe could result in significant unrecoverable losses. Expansion issues, construction issues and operational disruptions We are currently expanding our Nava Brewery, optimizing our Obregon Brewery and constructing our Mexicali Brewery and our joint venture with Owens-Illinois is expanding the glass plant. While these multi-million dollar expansion and construction activities are progressing consistent with our plans, there is always the potential risk of completion delays and cost overruns. Expansion and optimization of current production facilities and construction of new production facilities are subject to various regulatory and developmental risks, including but not limited to: (i) our ability to obtain timely certificate authorizations, necessary approvals and permits from regulatory agencies and on terms that are acceptable to us; (ii) potential changes in federal, state and local statutes and regulations, including environmental requirements, that prevent a project from proceeding or increase the anticipated cost of the project; (iii) inability to acquire rights-of-way or land or water rights on a timely basis on terms that are acceptable to us; and (iv) inability to acquire the necessary energy supplies, including electricity, natural gas and diesel fuel. Any of these events could delay the expansion, construction or optimization of our production facilities. 12 Many of our production facilities, such as our breweries, wineries, distilleries and the glass plant are asset intensive. Our profitability could be affected by operational disruption of any of our production or bottling lines or the glass furnace. In such event we may experience an adverse effect to our business operations and profitability due to higher maintenance charges, unexpected capital spending or product supply constraints. Supply of quality water, agricultural and other raw materials, certain raw materials and packaging materials purchased under short-term supply contracts, limited group of suppliers of glass bottles The quality and quantity of water available for use is important to the supply of our agricultural raw materials and our ability to operate our business. Water is a limited resource in many parts of the world and if climate patterns change and droughts become more severe, there may be a scarcity of water or poor water quality which may affect our production costs or impose capacity constraints. We are dependent on sufficient amounts of quality water for operation of our breweries, our wineries and our distilleries, as well as to irrigate our vineyards and conduct our other operations. The suppliers of the agricultural raw materials we purchase are also dependent upon sufficient supplies of quality water for their vineyards and fields. We have substantial wine operations in the state of California. Although certain areas in California have recently experienced flooding, the state had endured an extended period of drought and instituted restrictions on water usage. While we have undertaken a number of water saving initiatives and we currently believe we have sufficient water available for our California vineyards and wineries, a recurrence of severe drought conditions in California could have an adverse effect upon those operations, which effect could become more significant depending upon actual future drought conditions. Our Nava Brewery and the glass plant receive water originating from a mountain aquifer. Our Obregon Brewery receives its allocation of water originating from an aquifer and we expect our Mexicali Brewery will receive an allocation of water originating from an aquifer. Although we anticipate our breweries and the glass plant will receive water adequate to support their on-going requirements, including as a result of the anticipated optimization and expansions, there is no guarantee that the water available to them, our expectations as to the source of water, methods of water delivery, or their water requirements will not change materially in the future. Growing agricultural raw materials also requires adequate water supplies. If water available to our operations or the operations of our suppliers becomes scarcer or the quality of that water deteriorates, we may incur increased production costs or face manufacturing constraints which could negatively affect our business and financial performance. Even if quality water is widely available, including to our breweries, our wineries, our distilleries and our vineyards, water purification and waste treatment infrastructure limitations could increase costs or constrain operation of our production facilities and vineyards. A substantial reduction in water supplies could result in material losses of grape crops and vines or other crops, which could lead to a shortage of our product supply. Any of these factors could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Our breweries, the glass plant, our wineries and our distilleries also use a large volume of agricultural and other raw materials to produce their products. As to the Nava Brewery and the Obregon Brewery, these include corn starch, malt, hops and water; the glass plant uses large amounts of soda ash and silica sand; the Ballast Point breweries use large amounts of malt, hops, yeast and water, as well as corn sugars, spices and fruits; the wineries use large amounts of grapes and water; and the distilleries use large amounts of grain and water. Our breweries, our wineries and our distilleries all use large amounts of various packaging materials, including glass, aluminum, cardboard and other paper products. Our production facilities, including the glass plant, also use a significant amount of energy in their operations, including electricity, natural gas and diesel fuel. Certain raw materials and packaging materials are purchased under contracts of varying maturities. The supply and price of raw materials, packaging materials and energy can be affected by a number of factors beyond our control, including market demand, global geopolitical events (especially as to their impact on crude oil prices), droughts and other weather conditions, economic factors affecting growth decisions, inflation, plant diseases and theft. To the extent any of the foregoing factors, including supply of goods and energy, affect the prices of ingredients or packaging or we do not effectively or completely hedge changes in commodity price risks, or are unable to recoup costs through increases in the price of our finished products, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted. 13 Glass bottle costs are one of our largest components of cost of product sold. We currently have a small number of suppliers of glass bottles for our Mexican beer brands. In the U.S., glass bottles have only a small number of producers. Currently, one producer supplies most of our glass container requirements for our U.S. wine and spirits operations and a different supplier supplies our glass bottles for our craft beer. The inability of any of our glass bottle suppliers to satisfy our requirements could adversely affect our business. Catastrophic loss to wineries, production facilities or distribution systems Throughout the years, we have consolidated several of our winery and production facility operations. Approximately 80% of our total annual wine and spirits product volume is produced in the U.S., and three of our largest wineries are the Woodbridge Winery in Acampo, CA, the Canandaigua Winery in Canandaigua, NY, and the Mission Bell Winery in Madera, CA. These three facilities produce approximately 40.6 million cases (or approximately 75% of our U.S. production) which is approximately 60% of the total annual Constellation wine and spirits product volume globally. Currently, our entire Mexican beer brands product supply is produced at our breweries in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico and Obregon, Sonora, Mexico. Additionally, many of our vineyards and production and distribution facilities, such as our California wineries, our Lodi Distribution Center in Lodi, CA, certain of our Ballast Point operations, and our planned Mexicali Brewery are located in areas which are prone to seismic activity. If any of these vineyards and facilities were to experience a catastrophic loss, it could disrupt our operations, delay production, shipments and revenue, and result in potentially significant expenses to repair or replace the vineyard or facility. If such a disruption were to occur, we could breach agreements, our reputation could be harmed, and our business and operating results could be adversely affected. In addition, since we have consolidated certain of our operations and various production and distribution facilities, we are more likely to experience an interruption of our operations in the event of a catastrophic event in any one location, such as through acts of war or terrorism, fires, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes or other natural or man-made disasters. Although we carry insurance for property damage and business interruption, certain catastrophes are not covered by our insurance policies as we believe this to be a prudent financial decision. Economic conditions and uncertainties in global markets may adversely affect the cost and other terms upon which we are able to obtain insurance. If our insurance coverage is adversely affected, or to the extent we have elected to self-insure, we may be at greater risk that we may experience an adverse impact to our financial results. We take steps to minimize the damage that would be caused by a catastrophic event, but there is no certainty that our efforts would prove successful. If one or more significant uninsured events occur, we could suffer a major financial loss. Changes to international trade agreements and tariffs, changes to accounting standards, elections or assertions, changes to tax laws, changes to import and excise duties or other taxes or other governmental rules and regulations, including significant additional labeling or warning requirements or limitations in the marketing or sale of our products, and accounting for tax positions and the resolution of tax disputes The U.S. and other countries in which we operate impose import and excise duties, tariffs, and other taxes on beverage alcohol products in varying amounts which are subject to change. Significant increases in import and excise duties or other taxes on beverage alcohol products could materially and adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. The U.S. federal budget and individual state, provincial or local municipal budget deficits could result in increased taxes on our products, business, customers or consumers. Various proposals to increase taxes on beverage alcohol products have been made at the federal and state or provincial level in recent years. Many U.S. states have considered proposals to increase, and some of these states have increased, state alcohol excise taxes. There may be further consideration by federal, state, provincial, local and foreign governmental entities to increase taxes upon beverage alcohol products as governmental entities explore available alternatives for raising funds during the current macroeconomic climate. Comments made during the course of the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign and subsequent to the election indicate that the U.S. federal government may propose changes to international trade agreements, tariffs, taxes and other government rules and regulations. The current U.S. administration has indicated that tax reform is among its top priorities and the U.S. Congress is reviewing and may, in the future, review tax legislation proposals. While we 14 cannot predict what changes will actually occur with respect to any of these items, such changes could affect our business and results of operations. In addition, federal, state, provincial, local and foreign governmental agencies extensively regulate the beverage alcohol products industry concerning such matters as licensing, warehousing, trade and pricing practices, permitted and required labeling, advertising and relations with wholesalers and retailers. Certain federal, state or provincial regulations also require warning labels and signage. New or revised regulations or increased licensing fees, requirements or taxes could also have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Additionally, various jurisdictions may seek to adopt significant additional product labeling or warning requirements or limitations on the marketing or sale of our products as a result of what they contain or allegations that they cause adverse health effects. If these types of requirements become applicable to one or more of our major products under current or future environmental or health laws or regulations, they may inhibit sales of such products. We may also make various accounting elections or assertions or change accounting elections or assertions that we have previously made. Our accounting elections or assertions or changes to our accounting elections or assertions are affected by various business factors which, collectively, may have an impact on our financial results or our effective tax rate. Additionally, significant judgment is required to determine our effective tax rate and evaluate our tax positions. We provide for uncertain tax positions when such tax positions do not meet the recognition thresholds or measurement criteria prescribed by applicable accounting standards. Fluctuations in federal, state, local and foreign taxes or a change to uncertain tax positions, including related interest and penalties, may impact our effective tax rate and our financial results. When tax matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited and finally resolved. Unfavorable resolution of any tax matter could increase the effective tax rate, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results. Any resolution of a tax issue may require the use of cash in the year of resolution. Indebtedness In recent years, we have incurred substantial indebtedness to finance acquisitions such as our acquisition of Ballast Point, The Prisoner Wine Company brand portfolio, the Charles Smith wines collection, High West, and the Obregon Brewery, fund the Beer Business Acquisition, expand our Nava Brewery and begin construction of our Mexicali Brewery, expand the glass plant, and repurchase shares of our common stock. In the future, we may continue to incur substantial additional indebtedness to finance acquisitions, repurchase shares of our stock and fund other general corporate purposes, including the Nava Brewery and glass plant expansions, Obregon Brewery optimization and Mexicali Brewery construction. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meet all our debt service requirements, to pay dividends, to repurchase shares of our common stock, and to fund our general corporate and capital requirements. Our ability to satisfy our debt obligations will depend upon our future operating performance. We do not have complete control over our future operating performance because it is subject to prevailing economic conditions, levels of interest rates and financial, business and other factors. Our current and future debt service obligations and covenants could have important consequences. These consequences include, or may include, the following: • • • • our ability to obtain financing for future working capital needs or acquisitions or other purposes may be limited; our funds available for operations, expansions, dividends or other distributions, or stock repurchases may be reduced because we dedicate a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness; our ability to conduct our business could be limited by restrictive covenants; and our vulnerability to adverse economic conditions may be greater than less leveraged competitors and, thus, our ability to withstand competitive pressures may be limited. 15 Restrictive covenants in our senior credit facility and in our indentures place limits on our ability to conduct our business. Covenants in our senior credit facility include those that restrict our ability to make acquisitions, incur debt, encumber or sell assets, pay dividends, engage in mergers and consolidations, enter into transactions with affiliates, make investments and permit our subsidiaries to enter into certain restrictive agreements. It additionally contains certain financial covenants, including a net debt coverage ratio test and an interest coverage ratio test. Covenants in our indentures are generally less restrictive than those in our senior credit facility but nevertheless, among other things, limit our ability under certain circumstances to create liens or enter into sale-leaseback transactions and impose conditions on our ability to engage in mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of our assets. These agreements also contain certain change of control provisions which, if triggered, may result in an acceleration of our obligation to repay the debt. If we fail to comply with the obligations contained in the senior credit facility, our existing or future indentures or other loan agreements, we could be in default under such agreements, which could require us to immediately repay the related debt and also debt under other agreements that may contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions. Potential decline in the consumption of products we sell We rely on consumers’ demand for our products. Consumer preferences may shift due to a variety of factors, including changes in demographic or social trends, public health policies, and changes in leisure, dining and beverage consumption patterns. Our continued success will require us to anticipate and respond effectively to shifts in consumer behavior and drinking tastes. If consumer preferences were to move away from our premium brands, including our Mexican beer brands, in any of our major markets, our financial results might be adversely affected. While over the past several years there have been modest increases in the overall consumption of beverage alcohol and fluctuations in per capita consumption within categories of beverage alcohol, there have been periods in the past in which there were sequential declines in the overall per capita consumption of certain beverage alcohol product categories in the U.S. and other markets in which we participate. A limited or general decline in consumption in one or more of our product categories could occur in the future due to a variety of factors, including: • • • • • • • • a general decline in economic or geopolitical conditions; concern about the health consequences of consuming beverage alcohol products and about drinking and driving; a general decline in the consumption of beverage alcohol products in on-premise establishments, such as may result from smoking bans and stricter laws relating to driving while under the influence of alcohol; a decline in the consumption of beverage alcohol products as a result of consumers substituting legalized marijuana or other similar products in lieu of our products; consumer dietary preferences favoring lighter, lower calorie beverages such as diet soft drinks, sports drinks and water products; the increased activity of anti-alcohol groups; increased federal, state, provincial and foreign excise or other taxes on beverage alcohol products and possible restrictions on beverage alcohol advertising and marketing; increased regulation placing restrictions on the purchase or consumption of beverage alcohol products or increasing prices due to the imposition of duties or excise tax or changes to international trade agreements or tariffs; inflation; and • • wars, pandemics, weather and natural or man-made disasters. In addition, our continued success depends, in part, on our ability to develop new products. The launch and ongoing success of new products are inherently uncertain especially with regard to their appeal to consumers. The launch of a new product can give rise to a variety of costs and an unsuccessful launch, among other things, can affect consumer perception of existing brands and our reputation. Unsuccessful implementation or short-lived popularity of our product innovations may result in inventory write-offs and other costs. 16 Acquisition, divestiture and joint venture strategy We have made a number of acquisitions and divestitures and may, from time to time, acquire additional businesses, assets or securities of companies that we believe would provide a strategic fit with our business. Recently, these have included the Meiomi wine brand, the Ballast Point craft beer business, The Prisoner Wine Company brand portfolio, the Charles Smith Wines collection, High West, and the Obregon Brewery, as well as various minority investments by our Constellation Ventures function. We will need to integrate acquired businesses with our existing operations; our overall internal control over financial reporting processes; and our financial, operations and information systems. If the financial performance of our business, as supplemented by the assets and businesses acquired, does not meet our expectations, it may make it more difficult for us to service our debt obligations and our results of operations may fail to meet market expectations. We may also divest ourselves of businesses, assets or securities of companies that we believe no longer provide a strategic fit with our business. For example, we recently sold our Canadian wine business. We may be obligated to provide certain services on a transitional basis to divested operations. We cannot assure you that we will realize the expected benefits of divestitures. We cannot assure you that we will realize the expected benefits of acquisitions or joint ventures, such as revenue, earnings or operating efficiency, and we may not effectively assimilate the business or product offerings of acquired companies into our business successfully or within the anticipated costs or timeframes. Complications with on-going integration of any acquisition or joint venture, including our Obregon Brewery acquisition or the glass plant joint venture, could result from the following circumstances, among others: • • • • • • • • • • failure to implement our business plan for the combined business; unanticipated issues in integrating, migrating or changing manufacturing, logistics, information, communications, financial, internal control and other systems; failure to retain key customers and suppliers; unanticipated changes in applicable laws and regulations; failure to retain key employees; operating risks inherent in the acquired businesses and assets and our business; dependency upon the operational experience of employees who are relatively new to our organization; unanticipated issues, expenses and liabilities; failure to realize fully anticipated cost savings, growth opportunities and other potential synergies; and unfamiliarity with operating new locations. Our joint venture to operate a glass plant adjacent to our Nava Brewery is fully consolidated into our financial results and the entire output of that facility is being utilized to support our Mexican beer business and the production at our Nava Brewery. The integration of the Mexican glass plant can be further impacted by the following circumstances: • we share control of the joint venture with Owens-Illinois and while Owens-Illinois has deep experience • running glass plants, we are not as experienced in that particular business; and the ability of the joint venture to expand the glass plant capacity as planned in order to support the future growth of our beer business. If any of these circumstances were to occur with respect to any of our acquisitions, including our Beer Business Acquisition or the joint venture’s acquisition of the glass plant, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be negatively impacted. We may provide various indemnifications in connection with the sale of assets or portions of our business. Additionally, our final determinations and appraisals of the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in our acquisitions may vary materially from earlier estimates. We cannot assure you that the fair value of acquired businesses will remain constant. We have entered into various joint ventures and we may enter into additional joint ventures for other purposes and with other parties. We share control of our joint ventures. We have also acquired or retained 17 ownership interests in companies which we do not control, such as investments recently made through our Constellation Ventures function, such as our minority interests in Nelson’s Green Brier Tennessee Whiskey, The Bardstown Bourbon Company, Catoctin Creek Distilling Company, and Crafthouse Cocktails. Our joint venture partners or the other parties that hold the remaining ownership interests in companies which we do not control may at any time have economic, business or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with our goals or the goals of the joint ventures or those companies. Our joint venture arrangements and the arrangements through which we acquired or hold our other equity or membership interests may require us, among other matters, to pay certain costs, to make capital investments, to fulfill alone our joint venture partners’ obligations, or to purchase other parties’ interests. Even though we share control of our glass plant joint venture, that joint venture’s financial results are consolidated into our financial results. Our failure to adequately manage the risks associated with any acquisition, or the failure of an entity in which we have an equity or membership interest, could adversely affect our financial condition or our valuation of these types of investments. We cannot assure you that any of our acquisitions, investments or joint ventures will be profitable or that forecasts regarding acquisition, divestiture, joint venture or investment activities will be accurate. Reliance on wholesale distributors, major retailers and government agencies Local market structures and distribution channels vary worldwide. Within our primary market in the U.S., we offer a range of beverage alcohol products across the imported beer, craft beer, branded wine and spirits categories, with separate distribution networks utilized for our imported and craft beer portfolios and our wine and spirits portfolio. In the U.S., we sell our products principally to wholesalers for resale to retail outlets including grocery stores, club and discount stores, package liquor stores and restaurants and also directly to government agencies and we have entered into exclusive arrangements with certain wholesalers that generate a large portion of our U.S. wine and spirits sales. The replacement or poor performance of our major wholesalers, retailers or government agencies could result in temporary or longer-term sales disruptions or could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition for a particular period. Our inability to collect accounts receivable from our major wholesalers, retailers or government agencies could also materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Our industry is being affected by the trend toward consolidation in the wholesale and retail distribution channels, particularly in the U.S. If we are unable to adapt successfully to this changing environment, our net income, market share and volume growth could be negatively affected. In addition, wholesalers and retailers of our products offer products which compete directly with our products for retail shelf space, promotional support and consumer purchases. Accordingly, wholesalers or retailers may give higher priority to products of our competitors. Reliance upon complex information systems and third party global networks We depend on information technology to enable us to operate efficiently and interface with customers and suppliers, as well as maintain financial accuracy and efficiency. If we do not allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build and sustain the proper technology infrastructure, we could be subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, the loss of customers, business disruptions, or the loss of or damage to intellectual property through security breach. We recognize that many groups on a world-wide basis have experienced increases in cyber attacks and other hacking activity. We have dedicated internal and external resources to review and address such threats. However, as with all large information technology systems, our systems could be penetrated by outside parties intent on extracting confidential or proprietary information, corrupting our information, disrupting our business processes, or engaging in the unauthorized use of strategic information about us or our employees, customers or consumers. Such unauthorized access could disrupt our business operations and could result in the loss of assets or revenues, litigation, remediation costs, damage to our reputation, or the failure by us to retain or attract customers following such an event. Such events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We have outsourced various functions to third-party service providers and may outsource other functions in the future. We rely on those third-party service providers to provide services on a timely and effective basis. Although we believe we have robust service level agreements with such third parties, closely monitor their 18 performance and maintain contingency plans in case they are unable to perform as agreed, we do not ultimately control their performance. Their failure to perform as expected or as required by contract could result in significant disruptions and costs to our operations, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flow, and could impair our ability to make required filings with various reporting agencies on a timely or accurate basis. Damage to our reputation Maintaining a good reputation is critical to selling our branded products. Product contamination or tampering or the failure to maintain our standards for product quality, safety and integrity, including with respect to raw materials, naturally occurring compounds, packaging materials or product components obtained from suppliers, may reduce demand for our products or cause production and delivery disruptions. Although we maintain standards for the materials and product components we receive from our suppliers, and we also audit our suppliers’ compliance with our standards, it is possible that a supplier may not provide materials or product components which meet our required standards or may falsify documentation associated with the fulfillment of those requirements. If any of our products becomes unsafe or unfit for consumption, is misbranded or causes injury, we may have to engage in a product recall and/or be subject to liability and incur additional costs. A widespread product recall, multiple product recalls, or a significant product liability judgment could cause our products to be unavailable for a period of time, which could further reduce consumer demand and brand equity. Our reputation could be impacted negatively by public perception, adverse publicity (whether or not valid), negative comments in social media, or our responses relating to: • • • • a perceived failure to maintain high ethical, social and environmental standards for all of our operations and activities; a perceived failure to address concerns relating to the quality, safety or integrity of our products; our environmental impact, including use of agricultural materials, packaging, water and energy use, and waste management; or effects that are perceived as insufficient to promote the responsible use of alcohol. Failure to comply with local laws and regulations, to maintain an effective system of internal controls, to provide accurate and timely financial statement information, or to protect our information systems against service interruptions, misappropriation of data or breaches of security, could also hurt our reputation. Damage to our reputation or loss of consumer confidence in our products for any of these or other reasons could result in decreased demand for our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as require additional resources to rebuild our reputation, competitive position and brand equity. Contamination The success of our brands depends upon the positive image that consumers have of those brands. Contamination, whether arising accidentally or through deliberate third-party action, or other events that harm the integrity or consumer support for our brands, could adversely affect their sales. Contaminants in raw materials, packaging materials or product components purchased from third parties and used in the production of our beer, wine or spirits products or defects in the fermentation or distillation process could lead to low beverage quality as well as illness among, or injury to, consumers of our products and may result in reduced sales of the affected brand or all of our brands. Dependence upon trademarks and proprietary rights, failure to protect our intellectual property rights Our future success depends significantly on our ability to protect our current and future brands and products and to defend our intellectual property rights. We have been granted numerous trademark registrations covering our brands and products and have filed, and expect to continue to file, trademark applications seeking to protect newly- developed brands and products. We cannot be sure that trademark registrations will be issued with respect to any of our trademark applications. There is also a risk that we could, by omission, fail to timely renew or protect a trademark or that our competitors will challenge, invalidate or circumvent any existing or future trademarks issued to, or licensed by, us. 19 Intangible assets, such as goodwill and trademarks We continue to have a significant amount of intangible assets such as goodwill and trademarks and may acquire more intangible assets in the future. Intangible assets are subject to a periodic impairment evaluation under applicable accounting standards. The write-down of any of these intangible assets could materially and adversely affect our net income. Climate change, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change Our business depends upon agricultural activity and natural resources. There has been much public discussion related to concerns that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may have an adverse impact on global temperatures, weather patterns and the frequency and severity of extreme weather and natural disasters. Severe weather events, such as drought or flooding in California or a prolonged cold winter in New York, and climate change may negatively affect agricultural productivity in the regions from which we presently source our various agricultural raw materials. Decreased availability of our raw materials may increase the cost of goods for our products. Severe weather events or changes in the frequency or intensity of weather events can also disrupt our supply chain, which may affect production operations, insurance cost and coverage, as well as delivery of our products to wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Various diseases, pests and certain weather conditions Various diseases, pests, fungi, viruses, drought, frosts and certain other weather conditions could affect the quality and quantity of barley, hops, grapes and other agricultural raw materials available, decreasing the supply of our products and negatively impacting profitability. We cannot guarantee that our grape suppliers or our suppliers of other agricultural raw materials will succeed in preventing contamination in existing vineyards or fields or that we will succeed in preventing contamination in our existing vineyards or future vineyards we may acquire. Future government restrictions regarding the use of certain materials used in growing grapes or other agricultural raw materials may increase vineyard costs and/or reduce production of grapes or other crops. Cost of energy or environmental regulatory compliance We have experienced increases in energy costs in the past, and energy costs could rise in the future, which would result in higher transportation, freight and other operating costs. We may experience significant future increases in the costs associated with environmental regulatory compliance, including fees, licenses, and the cost of capital improvements to our operating facilities in order to meet environmental regulatory requirements. Our future operating expenses and margins will be dependent on our ability to manage the impact of cost increases. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to pass along increased energy costs or increased costs associated with environmental regulatory compliance to our customers through increased prices. In addition, we may be party to various environmental remediation obligations arising in the normal course of our business or in connection with historical activities of businesses we acquire. Due to regulatory complexities, uncertainties inherent in litigation and the risk of unidentified contaminants in our current and former properties, the potential exists for remediation, liability and indemnification costs to differ materially from the costs that we have estimated. We may incur cost associated with environmental compliance arising from events we cannot control, such as unusually severe floods, hurricanes or earthquakes. We cannot assure you that our costs in relation to these matters will not exceed our projections or otherwise have an adverse effect upon our business reputation, financial condition or results of operations. Control by the Sands Family Our Class B Common Stock is principally held by members of the Sands family, either directly or through entities controlled by members of the Sands family. Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to 10 votes per share. Holders of Class 1 Common Stock generally do not have voting rights. The stock ownership of the Sands family and entities controlled by members of 20 the Sands family represents a majority of the combined voting power of all classes of our common stock as of April 21, 2017, voting as a single class. Consequently, the Sands family has the power to elect a majority of our directors and approve actions requiring the approval of the stockholders of the Company voting as a single class. Benefit cost increases and labor relations Our profitability is affected by employee medical costs and other employee benefits. In recent years, employee medical costs have increased due to factors such as the increase in health care costs in the U.S. These factors are expected to continue to put pressure on our business and financial performance due to higher employee benefit costs. Although we actively seek to control increases in employee benefit costs and encourage employees to maintain healthy lifestyles to reduce future potential medical costs, there can be no assurance that we will succeed in limiting future cost increases. Continued employee benefit cost increases could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. We believe our subsidiaries have good working relations with their employees. However, if their employees were to engage in a strike or other work stoppage, they could experience an operational disruption and/or experience higher on-going labor costs which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Class action or other litigation relating to alcohol abuse, the misuse of alcohol, product liability, or marketing or sales practices There has been public attention directed at the beverage alcohol industry, which we believe is due to concern over problems related to harmful use of alcohol, including drinking and driving, underage drinking and health consequences from the misuse of alcohol. We also could be exposed to lawsuits relating to product liability or marketing or sales practices. Adverse developments in lawsuits concerning these types of matters or a significant decline in the social acceptability of beverage alcohol products that may result from lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on our business. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. Not Applicable. Item 2. Properties. We operate breweries, wineries, distilling plants and bottling plants, many of which include warehousing and distribution facilities on the premises, and through a joint venture, we operate a glass production plant. In addition to our properties described below, certain of our businesses maintain office space for sales and similar activities and offsite warehouse and distribution facilities in a variety of geographic locations. Our corporate headquarters are located in leased offices in Victor, New York. Our segments also maintain leased office spaces in other locations in the U.S. and internationally. We believe that our facilities, taken as a whole, are in good condition and working order. Within the Wine and Spirits segment, we have adequate capacity to meet our needs for the foreseeable future. Within the Beer segment, we have adequate capacity to meet our current needs and we have undertaken activities to increase our production capacity to address our anticipated future needs. As of February 28, 2017, our properties include the following: 21 Beer Segment Breweries U.S. Mexico Total breweries Glass production plant (1) Mexico Warehouse, distribution and other production facilities U.S. Mexico Total warehouse, distribution and other production facilities Total Beer Segment Wine and Spirits Segment Wineries U.S. California New York Washington New Zealand Italy Total wineries Distilleries U.S. Canada Total distilleries Warehouse, distribution and other production facilities U.S. Italy Total warehouse, distribution and other production facilities Total Wine and Spirits Segment Owned Leased 2 2 1 1 1 4 15 1 1 3 20 1 1 2 1 1 23 5 5 29 29 34 1 1 5 7 1 1 6 8 14 22 (1) The glass production plant in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico is owned and operated by an equally-owned joint venture with Owens-Illinois and is located adjacent to our Nava Brewery. Within our Wine and Spirits segment, as of February 28, 2017, we owned, leased or had interests in approximately 13,600 acres of vineyards in California (U.S.), 6,400 acres of vineyards in New Zealand and 900 acres of vineyards in Italy. As of February 28, 2017, our principal facilities, all of which are owned, consist of: • • • • • • the Nava Brewery in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico; the Obregon Brewery in Obregon, Sonora, Mexico; the glass production plant in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico; two wineries in California: the Woodbridge Winery in Acampo and the Mission Bell winery in Madera; the Canandaigua winery in Canandaigua, New York; and the distillery in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. 22 Item 3. Legal Proceedings. In the ordinary course of their business, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to lawsuits, arbitrations, claims and other legal proceedings in connection with their business. Some of the legal actions include claims for substantial or unspecified compensatory and/or punitive damages. A substantial adverse judgment or other unfavorable resolution of these matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Management believes that the Company has adequate legal defenses with respect to the legal proceedings to which it is a defendant or respondent and that the outcome of these pending proceedings is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. However, the Company is unable to predict the outcome of these matters. Regulatory Matters – The Company and its subsidiaries are in discussions with various governmental agencies concerning matters raised during regulatory examinations or otherwise subject to such agencies’ inquiry. These matters could result in censures, fines or other sanctions. Management believes the outcome of any pending regulatory matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, the Company is unable to predict the outcome of these matters. As previously reported in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2014, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (“District Court”) signed the Stipulation and Order filed by the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”), permitting the Company and Anheuser- Busch InBev SA/NV (“ABI”) to consummate the Beer Business Acquisition. After expiration of the 60-day public comment period as required under the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act, the DOJ moved the District Court for entry of the Final Judgment. The Final Judgment was signed on October 21, 2013, and entered into the District Court’s docket on October 24, 2013, without modification to the terms included in the Proposed Final Judgment. The Company is operating in accordance with the requirements of the Final Judgment. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. Not Applicable. 23 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. Our Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock trade on the New York Stock Exchange® (“NYSE”) under the symbols STZ and STZ.B, respectively. There is no public trading market for our Class 1 Common Stock. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock as reported on the NYSE, and cash dividends declared for those classes of common stock. For all periods presented, the cash dividends declared for our Class 1 Common Stock are the same as those declared for our Class B Common Stock. Class A Common Stock 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Class B Common Stock 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 High Low Dividends High Low Dividends $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 165.81 168.68 173.55 162.48 162.68 171.00 175.50 161.91 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 137.85 149.26 146.90 144.00 140.00 151.60 150.91 147.95 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 121.92 130.42 144.60 155.68 121.57 129.84 144.36 156.00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 110.45 114.49 122.35 130.23 109.24 116.22 126.32 134.76 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 At April 21, 2017, the number of holders of record of our Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock and Class 1 Common Stock were 582, 105 and 3, respectively. In April 2015, our Board of Directors approved the initiation of a dividend program under which we paid quarterly cash dividends during Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016. Prior to Fiscal 2016, we had not paid any cash dividends on our common stock since our initial public offering in 1973 as we had retained all earning to finance the development and expansion of our business. On April 5, 2017, we declared an increased regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.52 per share of Class A Common Stock, $0.47 per share of Class B Convertible Common Stock and $0.47 per share of Class 1 Common Stock payable on May 24, 2017, to stockholders of record of each class on May 10, 2017. We currently expect to continue to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend to stockholders of our common stock in the future, but such payments are subject to approval of our Board of Directors and are dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors, including those set forth under Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, the terms of our 2016 Credit Agreement may restrict the payment of cash dividends on our common stock under certain circumstances. Any indentures for debt securities issued in the future, the terms of any preferred stock issued in the future and any credit agreements entered into in the future may also restrict or prohibit the payment of cash dividends on our common stock. 24 ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid Per Share 2,982,453 2,012,405 $ $ — $ 150.88 149.08 — Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Program 2,982,453 2,012,405 Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (1) (2) $ 846,879,288 (3) $ 546,879,397 — $ 546,879,397 4,994,858 $ 150.15 4,994,858 In April 2012, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate amount of $1.0 billion of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock under the 2013 Authorization. The Board of Directors did not specify a date upon which the 2013 Authorization would expire. In December 2016, we utilized the remaining $296.9 million available under the 2013 Authorization to repurchase 1,988,311 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average cost of $149.31 per share, through open market transactions, thereby completing the 2013 Authorization. (3) In November 2016, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate amount of $1.0 billion of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock under the 2017 Authorization. The Board of Directors did not specify a date upon which the 2017 Authorization would expire. Period December 1 – 31, 2016 January 1 – 31, 2017 February 1 – 28, 2017 Total (1) (2) (3) Repurchases were made pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. 25 Item 6. Selected Financial Data. The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with MD&A and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Financial Statements”). February 28, 2017 (1) February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 February 28, 2014 (2) February 28, 2013 For the Years Ended (in millions, except per share data) Sales Less – excise taxes Net sales Cost of product sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses (3) Gain on sale of business Gain on remeasurement to fair value of equity method investment Operating income Earnings from unconsolidated investments Interest expense Loss on write-off of debt issuance costs Income before income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to CBI Net income per common share attributable to CBI: Basic – Class A Common Stock Basic – Class B Convertible Common Stock Diluted – Class A Common Stock Diluted – Class B Convertible Common Stock Cash dividends declared per common share: Class A Common Stock Class B Convertible Common Stock Total assets Long-term debt, including current maturities $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,061.6 $ (730.1) 7,331.5 (3,802.1) 3,529.4 (1,392.4) 262.4 — 2,399.4 27.3 (333.3) — 2,093.4 (554.2) 1,539.2 (4.1) 1,535.1 7.79 7.07 7.52 6.93 1.60 1.44 18,602.4 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7,223.8 (675.4) 6,548.4 (3,606.1) 2,942.3 (1,177.2) — — 1,765.1 51.1 (313.9) (1.1) 1,501.2 (440.6) 1,060.6 (5.7) 1,054.9 5.42 4.92 5.18 4.79 1.24 1.12 16,965.0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6,672.1 (644.1) 6,028.0 (3,449.4) 2,578.6 (1,078.4) — — 1,500.2 21.5 (337.7) (4.4) 1,179.6 (343.4) 836.2 3.1 839.3 4.40 4.00 4.17 3.83 $ $ $ $ $ $ 5,411.0 (543.3) 4,867.7 (2,876.0) 1,991.7 (1,196.0) — 1,642.0 2,437.7 87.8 (323.2) — 2,202.3 (259.2) 1,943.1 — 1,943.1 10.45 9.50 9.83 9.04 $ $ $ $ $ $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3,171.4 (375.3) 2,796.1 (1,687.8) 1,108.3 (585.4) — — 522.9 233.1 (227.1) (12.5) 516.4 (128.6) 387.8 — 387.8 2.15 1.96 2.04 1.87 — — 15,093.0 $ 14,302.1 $ 7,638.1 8,631.6 $ 7,672.9 $ 7,244.1 $ 6,963.3 $ 3,305.4 (1) In December 2016, we completed the Canadian Divestiture. For a detailed discussion of this transaction, including the gain on sale of business, refer to Note 2 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. 26 (2) (3) In June 2013, we completed the Beer Business Acquisition. In connection with this acquisition, our preexisting 50% equity interest in Crown Imports was remeasured to its estimated fair value based upon the estimated fair value of the acquired 50% equity interest, and a gain was recognized. Includes impairment of intangible assets of $46.0 million for the year ended February 28, 2017, and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets of $300.9 million for the year ended February 28, 2014. For a detailed discussion of impairment of intangible assets for the year ended February 28, 2017, refer to Note 7 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. For the year ended February 28, 2014, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets represents impairment losses recorded for certain goodwill and trademarks associated with our Wine and Spirits segment. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Introduction This MD&A, which should be read in conjunction with our Financial Statements, provides additional information on our businesses, current developments, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. It is organized as follows: • Overview. This section provides a general description of our business, which we believe is important in understanding the results of our operations, financial condition and potential future trends. • Strategy. This section provides a description of our strategy and a discussion of acquisitions and divestitures. • Results of operations. This section provides an analysis of our results of operations presented on a business segment basis. In addition, a brief description of transactions and other items that affect the comparability of the results is provided. • Financial liquidity and capital resources. This section provides an analysis of our cash flows and our outstanding debt and commitments. Included in the analysis of outstanding debt is a discussion of the amount of financial capacity available to fund our ongoing operations and future commitments, as well as a discussion of other financing arrangements. • Critical accounting estimates. This section identifies those accounting policies that are considered important to our results of operations and financial condition, require significant judgment and involve significant management estimates. Our significant accounting policies, including those considered to be critical accounting policies, are summarized in Note 1 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. Overview We are an international beverage alcohol company with a broad portfolio of consumer-preferred high-end imported and craft beer brands, and premium wine and spirits brands. We are the third-largest producer and marketer of beer for the U.S. market and the world’s leading premium wine company. We are the largest multi- category supplier (beer, wine and spirits) of beverage alcohol in the U.S., and a leading supplier of wine from New Zealand and Italy to North America. Our internal management financial reporting consists of two business divisions: (i) Beer and (ii) Wine and Spirits, and we report our operating results in three segments: (i) Beer, (ii) Wine and Spirits, and (iii) Corporate Operations and Other. In the Beer segment, our portfolio consists of high-end imported and craft beer brands. We have an exclusive perpetual brand license to import, market and sell in the U.S. our Mexican beer portfolio. In the Wine and Spirits segment, we sell a large number of wine brands across all categories – table wine, sparkling wine and dessert wine – and across all price points – popular, premium and luxury categories, primarily within the $5 to $25 price range at U.S. retail – complemented by certain premium spirits brands. Amounts included in the Corporate Operations and Other segment consist of costs of executive management, corporate development, 27 corporate finance, human resources, internal audit, investor relations, legal, public relations and information technology. The amounts included in the Corporate Operations and Other segment are general costs that are applicable to the consolidated group and are therefore not allocated to the other reportable segments. All costs reported within the Corporate Operations and Other segment are not included in our chief operating decision maker’s evaluation of the operating income performance of the other reportable segments. The business segments reflect how our operations are managed, how resources are allocated, how operating performance is evaluated by senior management and the structure of our internal financial reporting. Strategy Our overall strategy is to sustain profitable growth and build shareholder value. We position our portfolio to benefit from industry premiumization trends, which we believe will continue to result in faster growth rates in the high-end of the beer, wine and spirits categories. We focus on developing our expertise in consumer insights and category management as well as our strong distributor network, which provides an effective route-to-market. Additionally, we leverage our scale across the total beverage alcohol market and our level of diversification hedges our portfolio risk. In addition to growing our existing business, we seek targeted acquisitions of businesses that are premium, growing, high-margin, consumer-led, have a low integration risk and/or fill a gap in our portfolio. We strive to strengthen our portfolio of premium beer, wine and spirits brands and differentiate ourselves through: • • • • • • leveraging our leading position in total beverage alcohol and our scale with wholesalers and retailers to expand distribution of our product portfolio and cross promotional opportunities; strengthening relationships with wholesalers and retailers by providing consumer and beverage alcohol insights; investing in brand building activities; positioning ourselves for success with consumer-led innovation capabilities; realizing operating efficiencies through expanding and enhancing production capabilities and maximizing asset utilization; and developing employees to enhance performance in the marketplace. Our business strategy in the Beer segment focuses on leading the high-end of the U.S. beer market and includes continued focus on growing our beer portfolio in the U.S. through expanding distribution for key brands, as well as new product development and innovation within the existing portfolio of brands, and continued construction, expansion and optimization activities for our Mexico beer operations. In connection with this strategy, we have expanded our Nava Brewery from 10 million to 25 million hectoliters production capacity since the acquisition of the Nava Brewery. Expansion, construction and optimization efforts continue under our Mexico Beer Expansion Projects to align with our anticipated future growth expectations. See “Capital Expenditures” below for additional discussion. Our business strategy in the Wine and Spirits segment is to be the leader in the premium wine category and build a portfolio of premium spirits brands. We are investing to meet the evolving needs of consumers and building brands through consumer insights, sensory expertise, innovation and refreshing existing brands. In this segment, we continue to focus on the premiumization of our branded wine and spirits portfolio. We dedicate a large share of our sales and marketing resources to our U.S. Focus Brands as they represent a majority of our U.S. wine and spirits revenue and profitability, and generally have strong positions in their respective price categories. In markets where it is feasible, we have a consolidated U.S. distribution network in order to obtain dedicated distributor selling resources which focus on our U.S. wine and spirits portfolio to drive organic growth. This consolidated U.S. distribution network currently represents about 70% of our branded wine and spirits volume in the U.S. Throughout the terms of these contracts, we generally expect shipments on an annual basis to these distributors to essentially equal the distributors’ shipments to retailers. 28 Marketing, sales and distribution of our products are managed on a geographic basis in order to fully leverage leading market positions. In addition, market dynamics and consumer trends vary across each of our markets. Within our primary market in the U.S., we offer a range of beverage alcohol products across the imported beer, craft beer, branded wine and spirits categories, with separate distribution networks utilized for (i) our beer portfolio and (ii) our wine and spirits portfolio. The environment for our products is competitive in each of our markets. We remain committed to our long-term financial model of growing sales, expanding margins and increasing cash flow in order to achieve earnings per share growth, reduce borrowings and pay quarterly cash dividends. Acquisitions and Divestitures Beer Segment Obregon Brewery In December 2016, we acquired the Obregon Brewery for cash paid of $568.7 million, net of cash acquired, subject to estimated working capital adjustments due to seller of $3.1 million. The transaction primarily included the acquisition of operations; goodwill; property, plant and equipment; and inventories. This acquisition provided us with immediate functioning brewery capacity to support our fast-growing, high-end Mexican beer portfolio and flexibility for future innovation initiatives. It also enabled us to become fully independent from an interim supply agreement with Modelo, which was terminated at the time of this acquisition. The results of operations of the Obregon Brewery are reported in the Beer segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Ballast Point Acquisition In December 2015, we acquired Ballast Point for $998.5 million, net of cash acquired. The transaction primarily included the acquisition of operations, goodwill, trademarks and property, plant and equipment. This acquisition provided us with a high-growth premium platform that enables us to compete in the growing, emerging national craft beer category and further strengthened our position in the high-end U.S. beer market. The results of operations of Ballast Point are reported in the Beer segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Wine and Spirits Segment Canadian Divestiture In December 2016, we sold our Canadian wine business, which included Canadian wine brands such as Jackson-Triggs and Inniskillin, wineries, vineyards, offices, facilities and Wine Rack retail stores, at a transaction value of C$1.03 billion, or $775.2 million. Accordingly, our consolidated results of operations include the results of operations of our Canadian wine business through the date of divestiture. We received cash proceeds of $575.3 million, net of outstanding debt and direct costs to sell, subject to working capital adjustments. We will continue to export certain of our brands into the Canadian market, which remains our largest export market. This transaction is consistent with our strategic focus on premium, high-margin and high-growth brands. We recognized a net gain on the sale of the business in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 of $262.4 million. Additionally, our current estimate of the income taxes we expect to pay is approximately $77 million in total during Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2018 in connection with the Canadian Divestiture. 29 The following table presents selected financial information included in our historical consolidated financial statements that will no longer be part of our consolidated results after the Canadian Divestiture. (in millions) Net sales Gross profit Depreciation and amortization Operating income Income before income taxes Cash flow from operating activities Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 $ $ $ $ $ $ 311.2 131.2 9.1 49.8 46.6 47.2 $ $ $ $ $ $ 365.1 152.9 11.1 62.5 61.9 80.0 Additionally, the impact on our historical wine and spirits segment results are the same as the impact on the historical consolidated results for net sales, gross profit, and depreciation and amortization. However, as segment results do not include the impact of Comparable Adjustments, amounts reported for our historical wine and spirits segment operating income that will no longer be part of the segment’s results after the Canadian Divestiture are $50.1 million and $63.3 million for Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016, respectively. High West Acquisition In October 2016, we acquired High West, which primarily included the acquisition of operations, goodwill, trademarks, inventories and property, plant and equipment. This acquisition included a portfolio of distinctive, award-winning, fast-growing and high-end craft whiskeys and other select spirits. The results of operations of High West are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Charles Smith Acquisition In October 2016, we acquired Charles Smith, which primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, trademarks, inventories and certain grape supply contracts. This acquisition included a collection of five super and ultra-premium wine brands and solidified our position as the second leading supplier of Washington State wines with this collection of fast-growing, high quality wines that have strong consumer affinity and demand. The results of operations of Charles Smith are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Prisoner Acquisition In April 2016, we acquired Prisoner, which primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, inventories, trademarks and certain grape supply contracts. This acquisition, which included a portfolio of five fast-growing, higher-margin, super-luxury wine brands, aligned with our portfolio premiumization strategy and strengthened our position in the super-luxury wine category. The results of operations of Prisoner are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Meiomi Acquisition In August 2015, we acquired Meiomi, which primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, inventories, the trademark and certain grape supply contracts. The acquisition of this higher-margin, luxury growth brand has complemented our existing portfolio and further strengthened our position in the U.S. pinot noir category. The results of operations of Meiomi are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. For additional information on these acquisitions, refer to Note 2 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. 30 Results of Operations Financial Highlights References to organic throughout the following discussion exclude the impact of acquired brand activity in connection with the acquisitions of Meiomi, Prisoner, High West and Charles Smith (wine and spirits), and the acquisition of Ballast Point (beer), and divested brand activity in connection with the Canadian Divestiture, as appropriate. Financial Highlights for Fiscal 2017: • Our results of operations benefited from improvements in both the Beer and Wine and Spirits segments. • Net sales increased 12% primarily due to strong consumer demand across both segments and net sales from the acquired Ballast Point, Meiomi and Prisoner brands. • Operating income increased 36% primarily due to a gain on sale of business recognized in connection with the Canadian Divestiture, the strong consumer demand and the benefits from the acquired brands. • Net income attributable to CBI and diluted net income per common share attributable to CBI increased 46% and 45%, respectively, primarily due to the items discussed above and an income tax benefit driven largely by a change in our assertion regarding the indefinite reinvestment of certain foreign earnings in the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Comparable Adjustments Management excludes items that affect comparability from its evaluation of the results of each operating segment as these Comparable Adjustments are not reflective of core operations of the segments. Segment operating performance and segment management compensation are evaluated based on core segment operating income (loss). As such, the performance measures for incentive compensation purposes for segment management do not include the impact of these Comparable Adjustments. As more fully described herein and in the related Notes to the Financial Statements, the Comparable Adjustments that impacted comparability in our results for each period are as follows: Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 (in millions) Cost of product sold Settlements of undesignated commodity derivative contracts Net gain (loss) on undesignated commodity derivative contracts Flow through of inventory step-up Amortization of favorable interim supply agreement Other losses Total cost of product sold $ $ 23.4 16.3 (20.1) (2.2) — 17.4 $ 29.5 (48.1) (18.4) (31.7) — (68.7) 4.4 (32.7) — (28.4) (2.8) (59.5) 31 (in millions) Selling, general and administrative expenses Impairment of intangible assets Costs associated with the Canadian Divestiture and related activities Transaction, integration and other acquisition-related costs Restructuring and related charges Other gains (losses) Total selling, general and administrative expenses Gain on sale of business Earnings (losses) from unconsolidated investments Loss on write-off of debt issuance costs Comparable Adjustments Cost of Product Sold Undesignated Commodity Derivative Contracts Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 (37.6) (20.4) (14.2) (0.9) (2.6) (75.7) 262.4 (1.7) — $ 202.4 $ — — (15.4) (16.4) — (31.8) — 24.5 (1.1) (77.1) $ — — (30.5) — 7.2 (23.3) — — (4.4) (87.2) Net gain (loss) on undesignated commodity derivative contracts represents a net gain (loss) from the changes in fair value of undesignated commodity derivative contracts. The net gain (loss) is reported outside of segment operating results until such time that the underlying exposure is recognized in the segment operating results. At settlement, the net gain (loss) from the changes in fair value of the undesignated commodity derivative contracts is reported in the appropriate operating segment, allowing the results of our operating segments to reflect the economic effects of the commodity derivative contracts without the resulting unrealized mark to fair value volatility. Inventory Step-Up In connection with acquisitions, the allocation of purchase price in excess of book value for certain inventories on hand at the date of acquisition is referred to as inventory step-up. Inventory step-up represents an assumed manufacturing profit attributable to the acquired business prior to acquisition. Flow through of inventory step-up was primarily associated with the Prisoner acquisition (Fiscal 2017) and Meiomi acquisition (Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016). Favorable Interim Supply Agreement In connection with the Beer Business Acquisition, a temporary supply agreement was negotiated under a favorable pricing arrangement for the required volume of beer needed to fulfill expected U.S. demand in excess of the Nava Brewery’s capacity. Amortization of favorable interim supply agreement reflects amounts associated with non-Nava Brewery product purchased from the date of acquisition which has been sold to our U.S. customers during the respective period. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Impairment of Intangible Assets In connection with our continued focus on the premiumization of our branded wine and spirits portfolio, a decision was made to discontinue certain small-scale, low-margin U.S. brands within our Wine and Spirits’ portfolio. As a result, trademarks with a carrying value of $37.6 million were written down to their estimated fair value, resulting in an impairment of $37.6 million. In addition, see “Costs Associated With The Canadian 32 Divestiture and Related Activities” below for information about an additional impairment of intangible assets recognized in connection with the Canadian Divestiture. Costs Associated With The Canadian Divestiture and Related Activities Costs associated with the Canadian Divestiture and related activities represent costs incurred in connection with the evaluation of the merits of executing an initial public offering for a portion of our Canadian wine business and net other costs incurred in connection with the sale of the Canadian wine business. In addition, in connection with the Canadian Divestiture, trademarks with a carrying value of $8.4 million were written down to their estimated fair value, resulting in an impairment of $8.4 million. These trademarks were associated with certain U.S. brands within our Wine and Spirits’ portfolio sold exclusively through the Canadian wine business, for which we expect future sales of these brands to be minimal subsequent to the Canadian Divestiture. Transaction, Integration and Other Acquisition-Related Costs Transaction, integration and other acquisition-related costs consist of costs associated with our acquisitions. Restructuring and Related Charges Restructuring and related charges consist primarily of employee termination benefit costs recognized in connection with our plan initiated in May 2015 to streamline and simplify processes, and shift resources and investment to long-term, profitable growth opportunities across the business. Other Gains (Losses) Other gains (losses) consist primarily of a gain from an adjustment to a certain guarantee originally recorded in connection with a prior divestiture (Fiscal 2015) and a net gain on the sale of and the write-down of certain property, plant and equipment (Fiscal 2015). Gain on Sale of Business Gain on sale of business consists of the net gain recognized in connection with the Canadian Divestiture. Earnings (Losses) from Unconsolidated Investments Earnings (losses) from unconsolidated investments consist primarily of dividend income from a retained interest in a previously divested business (Fiscal 2016). 33 Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016 Net Sales (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits: Wine Spirits Total Wine and Spirits Consolidated net sales Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase $ 4,229.3 $ 3,622.6 2,739.3 362.9 3,102.2 $ 7,331.5 $ 2,591.4 334.4 2,925.8 6,548.4 17% 6% 9% 6% 12% Net sales increased $783.1 million due to increases in Beer’s net sales of $606.7 million driven predominately by volume growth within our Mexican beer portfolio, and Wine and Spirits’ net sales of $176.4 million due largely to net sales from acquired brands and organic volume growth, partially offset by a decrease in net sales due to the Canadian Divestiture. Beer Segment (in millions, branded product, 24-pack, 12-ounce case equivalents) Net sales $ 4,229.3 $ 3,622.6 17% Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase Shipment volume (1) Total Organic Depletion volume (1) (2) 246.4 242.3 218.0 218.0 13.0% 11.1% 10.4% (1) Previously reported Beer shipment and depletion volumes were restated in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 for an immaterial error associated with the conversion of 7-ounce Coronita case equivalents to 12-ounce case equivalents. (2) Depletions represent distributor shipments of our respective branded products to retail customers, based on third- party data, including acquired brands from the date of acquisition and for the comparable prior year period. The increase in Beer’s net sales is primarily due to (i) the volume growth within our Mexican beer portfolio of $404.4 million, which benefited from continued consumer demand and increased marketing spend; (ii) net sales from the acquired Ballast Point brand of $124.9 million and (iii) a favorable impact from pricing in select markets within our Mexican beer portfolio of $92.2 million. 34 Wine and Spirits Segment (in millions, branded product, 9-liter case equivalents) Net sales Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase $ 3,102.2 $ 2,925.8 6% Shipment volume Total Organic U.S. Domestic Organic U.S. Domestic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands Organic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands Depletion volume (2) U.S. Domestic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands 69.2 68.4 55.0 54.2 32.0 31.4 68.2 66.2 51.9 51.9 28.4 28.4 1.5% 3.3% 6.0% 4.4% 12.7% 10.6% 2.9% 8.9% The increase in Wine and Spirits’ net sales is primarily due to net sales from acquired brands, primarily the Meiomi and Prisoner brands, of $124.0 million and organic branded wine and spirits volume growth of $95.9 million, partially offset by a decrease in net sales due to the Canadian Divestiture of $62.6 million. Gross Profit (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Comparable Adjustments Consolidated gross profit NM = Not meaningful Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase $ $ 2,151.3 $ 1,360.7 17.4 3,529.4 $ 1,776.0 1,235.0 (68.7) 2,942.3 21% 10% NM 20% Gross profit increased $587.1 million primarily due to increases in Beer of $375.3 million and Wine and Spirits of $125.7 million. In addition, the change in Comparable Adjustments resulted in an increase in gross profit of $86.1 million. The increase in Beer is primarily due to (i) the volume growth and the favorable impact from pricing in select markets within our Mexican beer portfolio of $192.9 million and $92.2 million, respectively; (ii) gross profit from the acquired Ballast Point brand of $53.4 million and (iii) lower cost of product sold for our Mexican beer business of $41.7 million. The lower cost of product sold is primarily due to foreign currency transactional benefits within our Mexican beer portfolio of $54.6 million and brewery sourcing benefits of $35.3 million, partially offset by higher depreciation expense of $46.9 million. The increase in Wine and Spirits is primarily due to gross profit from the acquired brands of $69.4 million and growth from the organic wine and spirits business driven primarily by branded wine and spirits volume growth and favorable product mix shift of $48.8 million and $33.1 million, respectively; partially offset by a decrease in gross profit due to the Canadian Divestiture of $27.2 million. Gross profit as a percent of net sales increased to 48.1% for Fiscal 2017 compared with 44.9% for Fiscal 2016 primarily due to (i) a favorable impact from the change in Comparable Adjustments of approximately 120 35 basis points, (ii) lower cost of product sold across both segments which contributed approximately 75 basis points, (iii) the favorable impact from Beer pricing in select markets of approximately 65 basis points and (iv) the favorable impact from the acquired higher-margin wine and spirits brands and divestiture of the lower-margin Canadian wine business of approximately 25 basis points. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Corporate Operations and Other Comparable Adjustments $ 616.9 $ 559.9 139.9 75.7 511.9 508.0 125.5 31.8 Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses $ 1,392.4 $ 1,177.2 21% 10% 11% 138% 18% Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $215.2 million due to increases in Beer of $105.0 million, Wine and Spirits of $51.9 million, Comparable Adjustments of $43.9 million and Corporate Operations and Other of $14.4 million. The increase in Beer is due to increases in marketing spend of $58.8 million and general and administrative expenses of $46.2 million. The increase in marketing spend is due largely to planned investment to support the growth of our Mexican beer portfolio. The increase in general and administrative expenses is predominantly driven by higher compensation and benefits supporting the organic growth of the business of $22.2 million and general and administrative expenses associated with the acquired Ballast Point business of $19.7 million. The increase in Wine and Spirits is primarily due to an increase in marketing spend of $25.7 million and general and administrative expenses of $25.0 million. The increase in marketing spend is due largely to planned investment to support the growth of our branded wine and spirits portfolio. The increase in general and administrative expenses is predominantly driven by (i) higher compensation and benefits of $24.5 million and higher consulting expenses supporting the growth of the business and (ii) an unfavorable overlap of prior year foreign currency transaction gains with current year foreign currency transaction losses, partially offset by a decrease in general and administrative expenses due to the Canadian Divestiture of $16.4 million. The increase in Corporate Operations and Other is due to higher general and administrative expenses primarily attributable to (i) higher consulting and information technology expenses, (ii) higher travel and entertainment expenses and (iii) an unfavorable overlap of prior year foreign currency transaction gains with current year foreign currency transaction losses. The increases in consulting, information technology and travel and entertainment expenses are all largely attributable to supporting the growth of the business. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales increased to 19.0% for Fiscal 2017 as compared with 18.0% for Fiscal 2016. The increase is primarily attributable to the growth in Comparable Adjustments and Corporate Operations and Other selling, general and administrative expenses, which resulted in approximately 70 basis points of rate growth. Additionally, the growth in Wine and Spirits selling, general and administrative expenses having exceeded the growth in Wine and Spirits net sales resulted in approximately 25 basis points to the rate growth. 36 Operating Income (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Corporate Operations and Other Comparable Adjustments Consolidated operating income Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 % Increase (Decrease) $ 1,534.4 $ 800.8 (139.9) 204.1 $ 2,399.4 $ 1,264.1 727.0 (125.5) (100.5) 1,765.1 21% 10% (11%) NM 36% Operating income increased $634.3 million primarily due to a favorable impact from the change in Comparable Adjustments of $304.6 million and increases in Beer and Wine and Spirits of $270.3 million and $73.8 million, respectively. The increase for Beer is primarily attributable to growth in the Mexican beer business of $238.9 million driven largely by the factors discussed above. The increase for Wine and Spirits is due to operating income from the acquired brands of $63.0 million and growth from the organic wine and spirits business driven primarily by the factors discussed above. Earnings from Unconsolidated Investments Earnings from unconsolidated investments decreased to $27.3 million for Fiscal 2017 from $51.1 million for Fiscal 2016, a decrease of $23.8 million. This decrease is primarily attributable to an unfavorable impact from the change in Comparable Adjustments for Fiscal 2017. Interest Expense Interest expense increased to $333.3 million for Fiscal 2017 from $313.9 million for Fiscal 2016, an increase of $19.4 million, or 6%. This increase is primarily due to higher average borrowings of $1.0 billion and lower average interest rates of 25 basis points, both driven largely by the $1.1 billion in new term loan facilities under our senior credit facility for Fiscal 2017 and issuance of the December 2015 Senior Notes and December 2016 Senior Notes, partially offset by the repayment of the August 2006 Senior Notes. Provision for Income Taxes Our effective tax rate for Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016 was 26.5% and 29.3%, respectively. For Fiscal 2017, our effective tax rate was lower than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to lower effective tax rates applicable to our foreign businesses, including a change in our assertion regarding indefinitely reinvesting earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries and the tax effects of the Canadian Divestiture. For Fiscal 2016, our effective tax rate was lower than the federal statutory rate primarily due to a decrease in uncertain tax positions and lower effective tax rates applicable to our foreign businesses. We have historically provided deferred income taxes for the repatriation to the U.S. of earnings from our foreign subsidiaries. During the third quarter of fiscal 2017, in connection with the agreement to divest the Canadian wine business and the ongoing Beer capacity expansion activities in Mexico, including the agreement to acquire the Obregon Brewery, we changed our assertion regarding our ability and intent to indefinitely reinvest undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries. Approximately $420 million of our Fiscal 2017 earnings and all future earnings for these foreign subsidiaries are expected to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, no deferred income taxes have been provided or will be provided, respectively, on the applicable undistributed earnings. Because we intend to use our historical unremitted earnings generated from our existing foreign subsidiaries to continue to support our U.S. investments in the future, our intent to repatriate those historical 37 foreign earnings remains unchanged and accordingly, we continue to provide for anticipated tax liabilities on these amounts that are expected to be repatriated. For additional information, refer to Note 12 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. We expect our effective tax rate for the next fiscal year to be in the range of 21% to 23%. This includes the assertion of our intent for certain foreign earnings to be indefinitely reinvested and a favorable benefit from our March 1, 2017, adoption of the FASB’s amended guidance requiring the recognition of the income tax effect of stock based compensation awards in the income statement when the awards vest or are settled. Through February 28, 2017, this amount was recognized in additional paid-in capital at the time of vesting or settlement. For Fiscal 2017, Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015, we recognized excess tax benefits of $131.4 million, $203.4 million and $78.0 million, respectively, in additional paid-in capital. These amounts may not necessarily be indicative of future amounts that may be recognized subsequent to the adoption of this new standard, as any excess tax benefits recognized will be dependent upon future stock prices, employee exercise behavior and applicable tax rates. Our current range for next year’s effective tax rate includes an estimated 3% benefit related to the adoption of this guidance. Since this new standard requires recognition of these excess tax benefits in the income statement on a discrete basis, we anticipate that our effective tax rate will vary from quarter to quarter depending upon the amount of excess tax benefits realized. Net Income Attributable to CBI As a result of the above factors, net income attributable to CBI increased to $1,535.1 million for Fiscal 2017 from $1,054.9 million for Fiscal 2016, an increase of $480.2 million, or 46%. Fiscal 2016 Compared to Fiscal 2015 Net Sales (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits: Wine Spirits Total Wine and Spirits Consolidated net sales Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase $ 3,622.6 $ 3,188.6 14% 2,591.4 334.4 2,925.8 $ 6,548.4 $ 2,523.4 316.0 2,839.4 6,028.0 3% 6% 3% 9% Net sales increased $520.4 million due to increases in Beer’s net sales of $434.0 million (driven predominately by volume growth within our Mexican beer portfolio) and Wine and Spirits’ net sales of $86.4 million (due largely to net sales from the acquired Meiomi brand). Beer Segment (in millions, branded product, 24-pack, 12-ounce case equivalents) Net sales $ 3,622.6 $ 3,188.6 14% Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase Shipment volume (1) Total Organic Depletion volume (1) (2) 218.0 217.1 195.8 195.8 11.3% 10.9% 12.3% 38 (1) Previously reported Beer shipment and depletion volumes were restated in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 for an immaterial error associated with the conversion of 7-ounce Coronita case equivalents to 12-ounce case equivalents. (2) Depletions represent distributor shipments of our respective branded products to retail customers, based on third- party data, including acquired brands from the date of acquisition and for the comparable prior year period. The increase in Beer’s net sales is primarily due to (i) the volume growth within our Mexican beer portfolio, which benefited from continued consumer demand and increased marketing spend; (ii) a favorable impact from pricing in select markets and (iii) net sales from the acquired Ballast Point brand of $27.2 million. Wine and Spirits Segment (in millions, branded product, 9-liter case equivalents) Net sales Shipment volume Total Organic U.S. Domestic Organic U.S. Domestic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands Organic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands Depletion volume (2) U.S. Domestic U.S. Domestic Focus Brands Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase $ 2,925.8 $ 2,839.4 3% 68.2 67.6 51.9 51.3 27.8 27.2 66.0 66.0 50.5 50.5 25.6 25.6 3.3% 2.4% 2.8% 1.6% 8.6% 6.3% 1.1% 5.0% The increase in Wine and Spirits’ net sales is primarily due to (i) net sales from the acquired Meiomi brand of $73.8 million, (ii) organic branded wine and spirits volume growth (due partly to the overlap of a planned reduction in inventory levels by one of our exclusive distributors in the U.S. for Fiscal 2015); and (iii) favorable product mix shift (predominantly within the U.S. organic branded wine portfolio); partially offset by (i) an unfavorable year-over-year foreign currency translation impact and (ii) the unfavorable overlap of the recognition of a contractually required payment for Fiscal 2015 from the distributor noted above equal to the approximate profit lost on the reduced sales associated with the inventory reduction. Gross Profit (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Comparable Adjustments Consolidated gross profit Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase (Decrease) $ $ 1,776.0 1,235.0 (68.7) 2,942.3 $ $ 1,465.8 1,172.3 (59.5) 2,578.6 21% 5% (15%) 14% Gross profit increased $363.7 million primarily due to increases in Beer of $310.2 million and Wine and Spirits of $62.7 million. The increase in Beer is primarily due to (i) the volume growth within our Mexican beer portfolio, (ii) the favorable impact from pricing in select markets and (iii) lower organic cost of product sold. The increase in Wine and Spirits is primarily due to (i) gross profit from the acquired Meiomi brand, (ii) lower organic cost of product sold and (iii) higher organic branded wine volume; partially offset by the unfavorable year-over- year foreign currency translation impact. 39 Gross profit as a percent of net sales increased to 44.9% for Fiscal 2016 compared with 42.8% for Fiscal 2015 primarily due to (i) lower Beer and Wine and Spirits’ cost of product sold, (ii) the favorable impact from Beer pricing in select markets and (iii) the acquisitions of Meiomi and Ballast Point. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Corporate Operations and Other Comparable Adjustments $ 511.9 $ 508.0 125.5 31.8 448.0 498.0 109.1 23.3 Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses $ 1,177.2 $ 1,078.4 14% 2% 15% 36% 9% Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $98.8 million primarily due to increases in Beer of $63.9 million, Corporate Operations and Other of $16.4 million and Wine and Spirits of $10.0 million. The increases in Beer and Wine and Spirits are both primarily attributable to an increase in marketing spend due largely to planned investment behind our Mexican beer and branded wine and spirits portfolios. The increase in Corporate Operations and Other is due to higher general and administrative expenses primarily attributable to (i) an increase in compensation and benefits driven primarily by higher annual management incentive compensation expense and an increase in employer payroll taxes related to employee equity award exercise activity during Fiscal 2016, and (ii) higher consulting and information technology expenses supporting the growth of the business. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales remained relatively flat at 18.0% for Fiscal 2016 as compared to 17.9% for Fiscal 2015. Operating Income (in millions) Beer Wine and Spirits Corporate Operations and Other Comparable Adjustments Consolidated operating income Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 % Increase (Decrease) $ 1,264.1 $ 727.0 (125.5) (100.5) 1,765.1 $ $ 1,017.8 674.3 (109.1) (82.8) 1,500.2 24% 8% (15%) (21%) 18% Operating income increased $264.9 million primarily due to increases in Beer and Wine and Spirits of $246.3 million and $52.7 million, respectively. The increases for both segments are primarily attributable to (i) organic volume growth and lower cost of product sold and (ii) benefits from the acquisitions of Meiomi (Wine and Spirits) and Ballast Point (Beer), partially offset by increased marketing spend supporting the growth of the businesses. Earnings from Unconsolidated Investments Earnings from unconsolidated investments increased to $51.1 million for Fiscal 2016 from $21.5 million for Fiscal 2015, an increase of $29.6 million. This increase is primarily attributable to a favorable impact from the change in Comparable Adjustments for Fiscal 2016. 40 Interest Expense Interest expense decreased to $313.9 million for Fiscal 2016 from $337.7 million for Fiscal 2015, a decrease of $23.8 million, or (7%). This decrease was primarily due to lower average interest rates. Provision for Income Taxes Our effective tax rate for Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015 was 29.3% and 29.1%, respectively. For Fiscal 2016, our effective tax rate was lower than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a decrease in uncertain tax positions and lower effective tax rates applicable to our foreign businesses. For Fiscal 2015, our effective tax rate was lower than the federal statutory rate primarily due to lower effective tax rates applicable to our foreign businesses. Net Income Attributable to CBI As a result of the above factors, net income attributable to CBI increased to $1,054.9 million for Fiscal 2016 from $839.3 million for Fiscal 2015, an increase of $215.6 million, or 26%. Financial Liquidity and Capital Resources General Our ability to consistently generate cash flow from operating activities is one of our most significant financial strengths. Our strong cash flows enable us to invest in our people and our brands, make appropriate capital investments, provide a quarterly cash dividend program, and from time-to-time, repurchase shares of our common stock and make strategic acquisitions that we believe will enhance shareholder value. Our primary source of liquidity has been cash flow from operating activities. Our principal use of cash in our operating activities is for purchasing and carrying inventories and carrying seasonal accounts receivable. Historically, we have used cash flow from operating activities to repay our short-term borrowings and fund capital expenditures. We will continue to use our short-term borrowings, including our accounts receivable securitization facilities, to support our working capital requirements and capital expenditures. We have maintained adequate liquidity to meet working capital requirements, fund capital expenditures and repay scheduled principal and interest payments on debt. Absent deterioration of market conditions, we believe that cash flows from operating activities and financing activities, primarily short-term borrowings, will provide adequate resources to satisfy our working capital, scheduled principal and interest payments on debt, anticipated dividend payments and anticipated capital expenditure requirements for both our short-term and long-term capital needs, including (i) our Nava Brewery and glass production plant expansions, (ii) our Mexicali Brewery construction and (iii) our Obregon Brewery optimization (collectively, the “Mexico Beer Expansion Projects”). Cash Flows (in millions) Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016 Fiscal 2015 $ $ 1,696.0 (1,461.8) (134.8) (5.1) 94.3 $ $ $ 1,413.7 (2,207.4) 776.0 (9.3) (27.0) $ 1,081.0 (1,015.9) (16.4) (2.5) 46.2 41 Operating Activities Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016 Net cash provided by operating activities increased $282.3 million for Fiscal 2017 driven largely by strong cash flow from the Beer and Wine and Spirits segments. The increase in Beer was primarily due to the strong volume growth and the favorable pricing in the Mexican beer portfolio, partially offset by (i) the timing of collections for recoverable value-added taxes and (ii) an increase in beer inventory levels to support the continuing growth within the Mexican beer portfolio. The increase in Wine and Spirits resulted primarily from (i) cash collections from strong net sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, (ii) a benefit from accounts payable due largely to timing of payments and (iii) a benefit from the timing of receipt of distributor payments for Fiscal 2017; partially offset by an increase in wine and spirits’ inventory levels due predominantly to a larger calendar year grape harvest for Fiscal 2017 compared with Fiscal 2016. Fiscal 2016 Compared to Fiscal 2015 Net cash provided by operating activities increased $332.7 million for Fiscal 2016. This increase resulted primarily from (i) higher cash provided by Beer (largely due to strong volume growth in the Mexican beer portfolio as well as a reduction in prepaid value-added taxes predominantly attributable to timing) and (ii) lower income tax payments. The lower income tax payments within cash flows from operating activities are primarily due to an increase in tax benefits on employee equity award exercise and vesting activity, partially offset by an increase in income taxes payable largely attributable to higher taxable income driven by Beer. Investing Activities Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016 Net cash used in investing activities decreased $745.6 million for Fiscal 2017. This decrease resulted primarily from proceeds from the sale of the Canadian wine business in December 2016 of $575.3 million and lower payments for purchases of businesses for Fiscal 2017 of $205.4 million. Fiscal 2017 acquisitions consist of Prisoner (April 2016), High West and Charles Smith (October 2016), and the Obregon Brewery (December 2016) compared with Fiscal 2016 acquisitions of Meiomi (August 2015) and Ballast Point (December 2015). Fiscal 2016 Compared to Fiscal 2015 Net cash used in investing activities increased $1,191.5 million for Fiscal 2016, primarily due to the Fiscal 2016 acquisitions of Meiomi and Ballast Point. Financing Activities Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016 Net cash used in financing activities increased $910.8 million for Fiscal 2017, primarily from the following: • Fiscal 2017 share repurchases under the 2013 Authorization and 2017 Authorization of $1,122.7 million; • Fiscal 2017 principal payments of long-term debt driven largely by the repayment of the August 2006 Senior Notes of $700.0 million; • Lower net proceeds from notes payable of $163.5 million for Fiscal 2017 compared with Fiscal 2016; • Higher cash dividend payments of $73.5 million for Fiscal 2017 compared with Fiscal 2016; and • Lower excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards of $72.0 million for Fiscal 2017 compared with Fiscal 2016 due to decreased Fiscal 2017 employee equity award exercise activity; 42 partially offset by: • Fiscal 2017 proceeds from issuance of long-term debt of $1,965.6 million, including (i) term loan borrowings under our senior credit facility of $700.0 million in March 2016 (used to refinance borrowings under our then-existing senior credit facility and accounts receivable securitization facilities, and for other general corporate purposes) and $400.0 million in October 2016 (used to finance the purchase price for the acquisitions of High West and Charles Smith, and for other general corporate purposes); (ii) proceeds from issuance of the December 2016 Senior Notes of $600.0 million (used for general corporate purposes) and (iii) term loan borrowings under the Canadian Credit Agreement of C$275.0 million ($214.1 million at issuance) (used for general corporate purposes); compared with • Fiscal 2016 proceeds from issuance of long-term debt of $610.0 million primarily from the issuance of the December 2015 Senior Notes of $400.0 million (used to fund a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Ballast Point) and from term loan borrowings under our senior credit facility of $200.0 million (used to fund a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Meiomi). Fiscal 2016 Compared to Fiscal 2015 Net cash provided by financing activities increased $792.4 million for Fiscal 2016, primarily from the following: • Higher net proceeds from notes payable of $347.5 million for Fiscal 2016 compared with Fiscal 2015; • Higher excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards of $125.4 million for Fiscal 2016 compared with Fiscal 2015 due to increased Fiscal 2016 employee equity award exercise and vesting activity; • Fiscal 2015 payment of delayed purchase price arrangement of $543.3 million in connection with the June 2013 Beer Business Acquisition; and • Fiscal 2015 principal payments of long-term debt for the repayment of our December 2007 senior notes of $500.0 million; partially offset by: • Fiscal 2016 proceeds from issuance of long-term debt of $610.0 million primarily from the issuance of the December 2015 Senior Notes of $400.0 million (used to fund a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Ballast Point) and from term loan borrowings under the 2015 Credit Agreement of $200.0 million (used to fund a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of Meiomi) compared with Fiscal 2015 proceeds from issuance of long-term debt of $905.0 million primarily from the issuance of the November 2014 Senior Notes (used primarily to redeem our December 2007 senior notes); and • Payment of quarterly cash dividends. Debt Total debt outstanding as of February 28, 2017, amounted to $9,238.1 million, an increase of $1,156.9 million from February 29, 2016. This increase was largely due to proceeds from the issuance of the European Term A-1 and European Term A-2 term loan borrowings under our senior credit facility and the December 2016 Senior Notes, partially offset by the repayment of the August 2006 Senior Notes. Senior Credit Facility In October 2016, we entered into the 2016 Restatement Agreement that amended and restated our March 2016 Credit Agreement. Among other things, the 2016 Restatement Agreement created a new $400.0 million European Term A-2 loan facility maturing on March 10, 2021. Proceeds from the October 2016 borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement were primarily used to finance the purchase price for the acquisitions of High West and Charles Smith, and for other general corporate purposes. In March 2016, we entered into the March 2016 Restatement Agreement that amended and restated our then-existing senior credit facility. Among other things, the March 2016 Restatement Agreement created a new 43 $700.0 million European Term A-1 loan facility maturing on March 10, 2021. Proceeds from the March 2016 borrowings under the March 2016 Credit Agreement were used to refinance outstanding obligations under our then- existing senior credit facility and short-term borrowings under our accounts receivable securitization facilities, and for other general corporate purposes. Senior Notes In December 2016, we issued the December 2016 Senior Notes. Proceeds from this offering, net of discount and debt issuance costs, of $594.4 million were used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of short-term borrowings and the repurchase of shares of our Class A Common Stock. In August 2016, we repaid the August 2006 Senior Notes primarily with cash flows from operating activities. General The majority of our outstanding borrowings as of February 28, 2017, consisted of fixed-rate senior unsecured notes, with maturities ranging from calendar 2017 to calendar 2026, and variable-rate senior unsecured term loan facilities under our 2016 Credit Agreement, with maturities ranging from calendar 2020 to calendar 2021. We had the following borrowing capacity available under our 2016 Credit Agreement and our accounts receivable securitization facilities: (in millions) Revolving Credit Facility CBI Facility Crown Facility Remaining Borrowing Capacity February 28, 2017 April 21, 2017 $ $ $ 902.3 88.9 13.0 $ $ $ 1,032.5 89.7 70.4 The financial institutions participating in our 2016 Credit Agreement and our accounts receivable securitization facilities have complied with prior funding requests and we believe such financial institutions will comply with any future funding requests. However, there can be no assurances that any particular financial institution will continue to do so. As of February 28, 2017, we also have additional credit arrangements totaling $442.8 million, with $269.5 million outstanding under these arrangements. These arrangements primarily support the financing needs of our domestic and foreign subsidiary operations, as well as our glass production plant joint venture. We have entered into various interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to the volatility of the interest rates associated with our variable-rate senior unsecured term loan facilities. As a result of these hedges, we have fixed our interest rates on $250.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt at an average rate of 1.1% (exclusive of borrowing margins) from September 1, 2016, through July 1, 2020. We and our subsidiaries are subject to covenants that are contained in the 2016 Credit Agreement, including those restricting the incurrence of additional indebtedness (including guarantees of indebtedness), additional liens, mergers and consolidations, the payment of dividends, the making of certain investments, prepayments of certain debt, transactions with affiliates, agreements that restrict our non-guarantor subsidiaries from paying dividends, and dispositions of property, in each case subject to numerous conditions, exceptions and thresholds. The financial covenants are limited to a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum net debt coverage ratio, both as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement. As of February 28, 2017, the minimum interest coverage ratio was 2.5x and the maximum net debt coverage ratio was 4.0x. 44 Our indentures relating to our outstanding senior notes contain certain covenants, including, but not limited to: (i) a limitation on liens on certain assets, (ii) a limitation on certain sale and leaseback transactions and (iii) restrictions on mergers, consolidations and the transfer of all or substantially all of our assets to another person. As of February 28, 2017, we were in compliance with all of our covenants under both our 2016 Credit Agreement and our indentures, and have met all debt payment obligations. For a complete discussion and presentation of all borrowings and available sources of borrowing, refer to Note 11 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. Common Stock Dividends On April 5, 2017, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.52 per share of Class A Common Stock, $0.47 per share of Class B Convertible Common Stock and $0.47 per share of Class 1 Common Stock payable on May 24, 2017, to stockholders of record of each class on May 10, 2017. We expect to return approximately $400 million to stockholders in Fiscal 2018 through cash dividends. We currently expect to continue to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend to stockholders of our common stock in the future, but such payments are subject to approval of our Board of Directors and are dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors, including those set forth under Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Share Repurchase Program Our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock under the 2017 Authorization. Shares repurchased under this authorization have become treasury shares. As of February 28, 2017, total shares repurchased under this authorization are as follows: (in millions, except share data) 2017 Authorization Class A Common Shares Dollar Value of Shares Repurchased Number of Shares Repurchased Repurchase Authorization $ 1,000.0 $ 453.1 3,006,547 Share repurchases under the 2017 Authorization may be accomplished at management’s discretion from time to time based on market conditions, our cash and debt position, and other factors as determined by management. Shares may be repurchased through open market or privately negotiated transactions. We may fund future share repurchases with cash generated from operations and/or proceeds from borrowings. Any repurchased shares will become treasury shares. For additional information, refer to Note 14 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. Contractual Obligations and Commitments The following table sets forth information about our contractual obligations outstanding at February 28, 2017. It brings together data for easy reference from our balance sheet and Notes to the Financial Statements. For a detailed discussion of the items noted in the following table, refer to Notes 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. 45 PAYMENTS DUE BY PERIOD Total Less than 1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years After 5 years (in millions) Notes payable to banks $ 606.5 $ 606.5 $ — $ — $ — Long-term debt (excluding unamortized debt issuance costs and unamortized discount) Interest payments on long-term debt (1) Operating leases Other long-term liabilities (2) Purchase obligations (3) Total contractual obligations 8,683.2 1,423.3 497.7 200.8 6,443.4 911.0 271.1 41.6 58.6 807.3 499.8 92.0 94.7 3,731.4 364.5 78.6 12.5 1,624.6 2,458.3 1,360.4 $ 17,854.9 $ 3,513.4 $ 3,952.1 $ 5,547.4 $ 3,233.5 287.9 285.5 35.0 1,000.1 4,842.0 (1) Interest rates on long-term debt obligations range from 2.3% to 7.3% as of February 28, 2017. Interest payments on long-term debt obligations include amounts associated with our outstanding interest rate swap agreements to fix LIBOR interest rates on $250.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt. Interest payments on long-term debt do not include interest related to capital lease obligations or certain foreign credit arrangements, which represent approximately 2.6% of our total long-term debt, as amounts are not material. (2) Other long-term liabilities include $32.8 million associated with expected payments for unrecognized tax benefit liabilities as of February 28, 2017, $0.5 million of which is expected to be paid in the less than one year period. The payments are reflected in the period in which we believe they will ultimately be settled based on our experience in these matters. Other long-term liabilities do not include payments for unrecognized tax benefit liabilities of $6.7 million due to the uncertainty of the timing of future cash flows associated with these unrecognized tax benefit liabilities. In addition, other long-term liabilities do not include expected payments for interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefit liabilities as amounts are not material. For a detailed discussion of these items, refer to Note 12 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. (3) Total purchase obligations consist primarily of $5,508.1 million for contracts to purchase certain raw materials and supplies over the next thirteen fiscal years and $610.1 million for contracts to purchase equipment and services over the next three fiscal years. For a detailed discussion of our purchase obligations, refer to Note 13 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that either have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors. Capital Expenditures During Fiscal 2017, we incurred $907.4 million for capital expenditures, including $759.2 million for the Beer segment primarily for the Mexico Beer Expansion Projects. Management reviews the capital expenditure program periodically and modifies it as required to meet current business needs. We plan to spend from $1.2 billion to $1.3 billion for capital expenditures for Fiscal 2018, including from $1.0 billion to $1.1 billion for the Beer segment associated primarily with the Mexico Beer Expansion Projects. The remaining Fiscal 2018 capital expenditures consist of improvements of existing operating facilities and replacements of existing equipment and/or buildings. We expect to spend the remaining amounts under the previously announced Mexico Beer Expansion Projects primarily during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2020. Upon completion, the total spend from fiscal 2014 through fiscal 2021 for the Mexico Beer Expansion Projects is estimated to approximate $3.9 billion. Effects of Inflation and Changing Prices Our results of operations and financial condition have not been significantly affected by inflation and changing prices. We intend to pass along rising costs through increased selling prices, subject to normal 46 competitive conditions. There can be no assurances, however, that we will be able to pass along rising costs through increased selling prices. In addition, we continue to identify on-going cost savings initiatives. Critical Accounting Estimates Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of our Notes to the Financial Statements. However, certain of our accounting policies are particularly important to the portrayal of our financial position and results of operations and require the application of significant judgment by management; as a result, they are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. In applying those policies, management uses its judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to be used in the determination of certain estimates. Those estimates are based on our historical experience, our observance of trends in the industry, information provided by our customers and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. On an ongoing basis, we review our estimates to ensure that they appropriately reflect changes in our business. Our critical accounting estimates include: • Goodwill and other intangible assets. We account for goodwill and other intangible assets by classifying intangible assets into three categories: (i) intangible assets with definite lives subject to amortization, (ii) intangible assets with indefinite lives not subject to amortization and (iii) goodwill. For intangible assets with definite lives, impairment testing is required if conditions exist that indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. For intangible assets with indefinite lives and for goodwill, impairment testing is required at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that these assets might be impaired. We perform annual impairment tests and re-evaluate the useful lives of other intangible assets with indefinite lives at the annual impairment test measurement date of January 1 or when circumstances arise that indicate a possible impairment or change in useful life might exist. The guidance for goodwill impairment testing allows an entity to assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or to proceed directly to performing the two-step impairment test. In the first step, the estimated fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill. The estimate of fair value of the reporting unit is generally calculated based on an income approach using the discounted cash flow method supplemented by the market approach. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value of the reporting unit, a second step is performed to determine the amount of goodwill impairment we should record. In the second step, an implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill is determined by allocating the reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities other than goodwill (including any unrecognized intangible assets). The resulting implied fair value of the goodwill is compared to the carrying value of the goodwill. The amount of impairment charge for goodwill is equal to the excess of the carrying value of the goodwill over the implied fair value of the goodwill. Our reporting units include the Beer segment and U.S., New Zealand and Italy for the Wine and Spirits segment. In estimating the fair value of the reporting units, management must make assumptions and projections regarding such items as future cash flows, future revenues, future earnings and other factors. The assumptions used in the estimate of fair value are based on historical trends and the projections and assumptions that are used in current strategic operating plans. These assumptions reflect management’s estimates of future economic and competitive conditions and are, therefore, subject to change as a result of changing market conditions. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets. The recording of any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial statements. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, we performed our annual goodwill impairment analysis. No indication of impairment was noted for any of our reporting units, as the estimated fair value of each of our reporting units with goodwill exceeded their carrying value. Based on this analysis, of all of our reporting units, the reporting unit with the lowest amount of estimated fair value in excess of its carrying value was the Wine and Spirits’ U.S. reporting unit with approximately 81% excess fair value. In Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2015, as a result of our annual goodwill impairment analyses, we concluded that there were no indications of impairment for any of our reporting units. 47 The most significant assumptions used in the discounted cash flows calculation to determine the estimated fair value of our reporting units in connection with impairment testing are: (i) the discount rate, (ii) the expected long-term growth rate and (iii) the annual cash flow projections. As of January 1, 2017, if we used a discount rate that was 50 basis points higher or used an expected long- term growth rate that was 50 basis points lower or used annual cash flow projections that were 100 basis points lower in our impairment testing of goodwill, then the changes individually would not have resulted in the carrying value of the respective reporting unit’s net assets, including its goodwill, exceeding its estimated fair value, which would indicate the potential for impairment and the requirement to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Our other intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships and trademarks obtained through business acquisitions. Customer relationships are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The trademarks that were determined to have indefinite useful lives are not amortized. The guidance for indefinite lived intangible asset impairment testing allows an entity to assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances indicates that it is more likely than not that the indefinite lived intangible asset is impaired or to proceed directly to performing the quantitative impairment test. Our trademarks are evaluated for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the trademarks to their estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of trademarks is calculated based on an income approach using the relief from royalty method. The estimate of fair value is then compared to the carrying value of each trademark. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value of the trademark, then an impairment charge is recorded by us to reduce the carrying value of the trademark to its estimated fair value. In estimating the fair value of the trademarks, management must make assumptions and projections regarding future cash flows based upon future revenues and other factors. The assumptions used in the estimate of fair value are consistent with historical trends and the projections and assumptions that are used in current strategic operating plans. These assumptions reflect management’s estimates of future economic and competitive conditions and are, therefore, subject to change as a result of changing market conditions. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets. The recording of any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial statements. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Wine and Spirits’ U.S. business recognized a trademark impairment loss of $37.6 million in connection with our decision to discontinue certain small-scale, low-margin U.S. brands. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Wine and Spirits’ U.S. business recognized a trademark impairment loss of $8.4 million in connection with certain U.S. brands sold exclusively through the Canadian wine business, for which we expect future sales of these brands to be minimal subsequent to the Canadian Divestiture. No indication of impairment was noted for any of our indefinite lived intangible assets for Fiscal 2016 or Fiscal 2015. The most significant assumptions used in the relief from royalty method to determine the estimated fair value of intangible assets with indefinite lives in connection with impairment testing are: (i) the estimated royalty rate, (ii) the discount rate, (iii) the expected long-term growth rate and (iv) the annual revenue projections. As of January 1, 2017, if we used a royalty rate that was 50 basis points lower or used a discount rate that was 50 basis points higher or used an expected long-term growth rate that was 50 basis points lower or used annual revenue projections that were 100 basis points lower in our impairment testing of intangible assets with indefinite lives, then each change individually would not have resulted in any unit of accounting’s carrying value exceeding its estimated fair value. • Accounting for promotional activities. Sales reflect reductions attributable to consideration given to customers in various customer incentive programs, including pricing discounts on single transactions, volume discounts, promotional and advertising allowances, coupons and rebates. Certain customer incentive programs require management to estimate the cost of those programs. The accrued liability for these programs is determined through analysis of programs offered, historical trends, expectations regarding customer and consumer participation, sales and payment trends, and experience with payment 48 patterns associated with similar programs that have been offered previously. If assumptions included in our estimates were to change or market conditions were to change, then material incremental reductions to revenue could be required, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial statements. • Accounting for income taxes. We estimate our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits based upon various factors including, but not limited to, historical pretax operating income, future estimates of pretax operating income, differences between book and tax treatment of items of income and expense, and tax planning strategies. We are subject to income taxes in Canada, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, the U.S. and other jurisdictions. We recognize our deferred tax assets and liabilities based upon the expected future tax outcome of amounts recognized in our results of operations. If necessary, we record a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. We believe that all tax positions are fully supported; however, we record tax liabilities in accordance with the FASB’s guidance for income tax accounting. We recognize a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination. Due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. In addition, changes in existing tax laws or rates could significantly change our current estimate of our tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which they are determined. Changes in current estimates, if significant, could have a material adverse impact on our financial statements. Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted Accounting guidance adopted for Fiscal 2017 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. For further information on accounting guidance not yet adopted, refer to Note 21 in our Notes to the Financial Statements. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. As a result of our global operating, acquisition and financing activities, we are exposed to market risk associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates. To manage the volatility relating to these risks, we periodically purchase and/or sell derivative instruments including foreign currency forward and option contracts, commodity swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements. We use derivative instruments to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility resulting from shifts in market rates, as well as to hedge economic exposures. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Foreign Currency and Commodity Price Risk Foreign currency derivative instruments are or may be used to hedge existing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, forecasted foreign currency denominated sales/purchases to/from third parties as well as intercompany sales/purchases, intercompany principal and interest payments, and in connection with acquisitions, divestitures or joint venture investments outside the U.S. As of February 28, 2017, we had exposures to foreign currency risk primarily related to the Mexican peso, euro, New Zealand dollar and Canadian dollar. Approximately 54% of our balance sheet exposures and forecasted transactional exposures for the year ending February 28, 2018, were hedged as of February 28, 2017. Commodity derivative instruments are or may be used to hedge forecasted commodity purchases from third parties as either economic hedges or accounting hedges. As of February 28, 2017, exposures to commodity price risk which we are currently hedging primarily include heating oil, diesel fuel, aluminum, natural gas and corn prices. Approximately 56% of our forecasted transactional exposures for the year ending February 28, 2018, were hedged as of February 28, 2017. We have performed a sensitivity analysis to estimate our exposure to market risk of foreign exchange rates and commodity prices reflecting the impact of a hypothetical 10% adverse change in the applicable market. The 49 volatility of the applicable rates and prices is dependent on many factors which cannot be forecasted with reliable accuracy. Losses or gains from the revaluation or settlement of the related underlying positions would substantially offset such gains or losses on the derivative instruments. The aggregate notional value, estimated fair value and sensitivity analysis for our open foreign currency and commodity derivative instruments are summarized as follows: Aggregate Notional Value Fair Value, Net Liability Increase in Fair Value – Hypothetical 10% Adverse Change February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 (in millions) Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts $ $ 1,371.6 153.2 $ $ 1,707.2 198.7 $ $ 57.2 5.8 $ $ 57.5 45.2 $ $ 88.6 13.1 $ $ 73.5 13.7 Interest Rate Risk The estimated fair value of our fixed interest rate debt is subject to interest rate risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk. In addition, we also have variable interest rate debt outstanding (primarily LIBOR-based), certain of which includes a fixed margin subject to the same risks identified for our fixed interest rate debt. As of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, we had outstanding cash flow designated interest rate swap agreements which fixed LIBOR interest rates (to minimize interest rate volatility) on $250.0 million and $600.0 million, respectively, of our floating LIBOR rate debt. In addition, as of February 29, 2016, we had outstanding offsetting undesignated interest rate swap agreements. There were no undesignated interest rate swap agreements outstanding as of February 28, 2017. We have performed a sensitivity analysis to estimate our exposure to market risk of interest rates reflecting the impact of a hypothetical 1% increase in the prevailing interest rates. The volatility of the applicable rates is dependent on many factors which cannot be forecasted with reliable accuracy. The aggregate notional value, estimated fair value and sensitivity analysis for our outstanding fixed and variable interest rate debt, including current maturities, and open interest rate derivative instruments are summarized as follows: Aggregate Notional Value Fair Value, Net Asset (Liability) Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value – Hypothetical 1% Rate Increase February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 (in millions) Fixed interest rate debt Variable interest rate debt Interest rate swap contracts $ $ $ 4,693.6 4,596.1 250.0 $ $ $ 4,796.1 3,336.8 1,600.0 $ $ $ (4,933.8) $ (4,515.6) $ $ 4.4 (5,016.6) $ (2,643.7) $ (6.6) $ (234.8) $ (124.4) $ $ 7.7 (218.1) (81.5) (5.1) For additional discussion on our market risk, refer to Notes 6 and 7 of the Notes to the Financial Statements. 50 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FEBRUARY 28, 2017 The following information is presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K: Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP Consolidated Balance Sheets - February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Selected Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited) Page 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 60 104 51 Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management of Constellation Brands, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting. This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Further, because of changes in conditions, effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting may vary over time. Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the system of internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of February 28, 2017. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein. 52 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Stockholders Constellation Brands, Inc.: We have audited Constellation Brands, Inc.’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of February 28, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Constellation Brands, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Constellation Brands, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of February 28, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Constellation Brands, Inc. and subsidiaries as of February 28, 2017 and February 29, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended February 28, 2017, and our report dated April 27, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. Rochester, New York April 27, 2017 /s/ KPMG LLP 53 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Stockholders Constellation Brands, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Constellation Brands, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of February 28, 2017 and February 29, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended February 28, 2017. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Constellation Brands, Inc. and subsidiaries as of February 28, 2017 and February 29, 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended February 28, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Constellation Brands, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of February 28, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated April 27, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of Constellation Brands, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting. Rochester, New York April 27, 2017 /s/ KPMG LLP 54 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in millions, except share and per share data) ASSETS February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other Total current assets Property, plant and equipment Goodwill Intangible assets Other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Notes payable to banks Current maturities of long-term debt Accounts payable Accrued excise taxes Other accrued expenses and liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term debt, less current maturities Deferred income taxes Other liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) CBI stockholders’ equity: Preferred Stock, $.01 par value – Authorized, 1,000,000 shares; Issued, none Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value – Authorized, 322,000,000 shares; Issued, 257,506,184 shares and 255,558,026 shares, respectively Class B Convertible Common Stock, $.01 par value – Authorized, 30,000,000 shares; Issued, 28,358,527 shares and 28,358,529 shares, respectively Class 1 Common Stock, $.01 par value – Authorized, 25,000,000 shares; Issued, 2,080 shares and 2,000 shares, respectively Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Less: Treasury stock – Class A Common Stock, at cost, 86,262,971 shares and 79,454,011 shares, respectively Class B Convertible Common Stock, at cost, 5,005,800 shares Total CBI stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ $ $ $ 177.4 737.0 1,955.1 360.5 3,230.0 3,932.8 7,920.5 3,377.7 141.4 18,602.4 606.5 910.9 559.8 44.6 575.8 2,697.6 7,720.7 1,133.6 165.7 11,717.6 — 2.6 0.3 — 2,755.8 7,310.0 (399.8) 9,668.9 (2,775.5) (2.2) (2,777.7) 6,891.2 (6.4) 6,884.8 18,602.4 $ $ $ $ 83.1 732.5 1,851.6 310.4 2,977.6 3,333.4 7,138.6 3,403.8 111.6 16,965.0 408.3 856.7 429.3 33.6 544.4 2,272.3 6,816.2 1,022.2 162.5 10,273.2 — 2.6 0.3 — 2,589.0 6,090.5 (452.5) 8,229.9 (1,668.1) (2.2) (1,670.3) 6,559.6 132.2 6,691.8 16,965.0 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 55 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in millions, except per share data) Sales Less – excise taxes Net sales Cost of product sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Gain on sale of business Operating income Earnings from unconsolidated investments Interest expense Loss on write-off of debt issuance costs Income before income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to CBI Net income per common share attributable to CBI: Basic – Class A Common Stock Basic – Class B Convertible Common Stock Diluted – Class A Common Stock Diluted – Class B Convertible Common Stock Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic – Class A Common Stock Basic – Class B Convertible Common Stock Diluted – Class A Common Stock Diluted – Class B Convertible Common Stock Cash dividends declared per common share: Class A Common Stock Class B Convertible Common Stock Comprehensive income: Net income Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax effect: Foreign currency translation adjustments Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities Pension/postretirement adjustments Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax effect Comprehensive income Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests Comprehensive income attributable to CBI February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8,061.6 (730.1) 7,331.5 (3,802.1) 3,529.4 (1,392.4) 262.4 2,399.4 27.3 (333.3) — 2,093.4 (554.2) 1,539.2 (4.1) 1,535.1 7.79 7.07 7.52 6.93 175.934 23.353 204.099 23.353 $ $ $ $ $ $ 7,223.8 (675.4) 6,548.4 (3,606.1) 2,942.3 (1,177.2) — 1,765.1 51.1 (313.9) (1.1) 1,501.2 (440.6) 1,060.6 (5.7) 1,054.9 5.42 4.92 5.18 4.79 173.383 23.363 203.821 23.363 6,672.1 (644.1) 6,028.0 (3,449.4) 2,578.6 (1,078.4) — 1,500.2 21.5 (337.7) (4.4) 1,179.6 (343.4) 836.2 3.1 839.3 4.40 4.00 4.17 3.83 169.325 23.397 201.224 23.397 1.60 1.44 $ $ 1.24 1.12 $ $ — — 1,539.2 $ 1,060.6 $ 836.2 22.1 7.8 0.5 11.6 42.0 1,581.2 6.6 1,587.8 $ (323.3) (17.2) (0.3) 0.1 (340.7) 719.9 13.4 733.3 $ (191.0) (20.2) (1.0) (6.0) (218.2) 618.0 4.4 622.4 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 56 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (in millions) Common Stock Class A Class B Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Balance at February 28, 2014 $ 2.5 $ 0.3 $ 2,116.6 $ 4,438.2 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 86.0 $ Treasury Stock Non- controlling Interests Total $ (1,662.3) $ — $ 4,981.3 Comprehensive income: Net income (loss) Other comprehensive loss, net of income tax effect Comprehensive income Contributions from noncontrolling interests Shares issued under equity compensation plans Stock-based compensation Tax benefit on stock-based compensation Balance at February 28, 2015 Comprehensive income: Net income Other comprehensive loss, net of income tax effect Comprehensive income Repurchase of shares Dividends declared Contributions from noncontrolling interests Shares issued under equity compensation plans Stock-based compensation Tax benefit on stock-based compensation Balance at February 29, 2016 Comprehensive income: Net income Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax effect Comprehensive income Repurchase of shares Dividends declared Conversion of noncontrolling equity interest to long-term debt Shares issued under equity compensation plans Stock-based compensation Tax benefit on stock-based compensation Balance at February 28, 2017 $ — — — — — — 2.5 — — — — — 0.1 — — 2.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.3 — — — — — — — — 0.3 — — — — — — — — 2.6 $ — 0.3 — — — 21.5 54.3 77.4 839.3 — — — — — — (216.9) — — — — — — — 13.8 — — (3.1) (1.3) 836.2 (218.2) 618.0 115.0 115.0 — — — 35.3 54.3 77.4 2,269.8 5,277.5 (130.9) (1,648.5) 110.6 5,881.3 — — — — — 62.3 53.5 203.4 1,054.9 — — — (241.9) — — — — (321.6) — — — — — — — — (33.8) — — 12.0 — — 5.7 1,060.6 (19.1) — — 35.0 — — — (340.7) 719.9 (33.8) (241.9) 35.0 74.4 53.5 203.4 6,691.8 2,589.0 6,090.5 (452.5) (1,670.3) 132.2 — — — — — (20.1) 55.5 131.4 1,535.1 — — (315.6) — — — — — 52.7 — — — (1,122.7) — — — — — — — 15.3 — — 4.1 1,539.2 (10.7) 42.0 1,581.2 (1,122.7) (315.6) — — (132.0) (132.0) — — — (4.8) 55.5 131.4 $ 2,755.8 $ 7,310.0 $ (399.8) $ (2,777.7) $ (6.4) $ 6,884.8 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 57 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in millions) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation Deferred tax provision Amortization and impairment of intangible assets Stock-based compensation Amortization of debt issuance costs Gain on sale of business Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from purchases of businesses: Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Accounts payable Accrued excise taxes Other accrued expenses and liabilities Other Total adjustments February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ 1,539.2 $ 1,060.6 $ 836.2 237.5 128.7 56.4 56.1 12.7 (262.4) (49.4) (151.0) (71.6) 115.9 16.2 106.0 (38.3) 156.8 180.3 251.0 40.7 54.0 12.0 — (129.8) 10.1 45.9 24.7 5.1 (116.8) (24.1) 353.1 162.0 79.3 40.0 55.0 12.2 — 16.1 (132.5) (71.2) (0.8) 1.6 44.7 38.4 244.8 Net cash provided by operating activities 1,696.0 1,413.7 1,081.0 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of businesses, net of cash acquired Purchases of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of business Other investing activities Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Purchases of treasury stock Principal payments of long-term debt Dividends paid Payments of minimum tax withholdings on stock-based payment awards Payments of debt issuance and other financing costs Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt Net proceeds from notes payable Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards Proceeds from shares issued under equity compensation plans Proceeds from noncontrolling interests Payment of delayed purchase price arrangement Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,111.0) (907.4) 575.3 (18.7) (1,461.8) (1,122.7) (971.8) (315.1) (64.9) (14.1) 1,965.6 197.1 131.4 59.7 — — (134.8) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year (5.1) 94.3 83.1 177.4 $ $ 58 (1,316.4) (891.3) — 0.3 (2,207.4) (310.3) (719.4) — 13.8 (1,015.9) (33.8) (208.7) (241.6) (38.6) (13.3) 610.0 360.6 203.4 113.0 25.0 — 776.0 (9.3) (27.0) 110.1 83.1 $ — (605.7) — (28.4) (13.8) 905.0 13.1 78.0 63.7 115.0 (543.3) (16.4) (2.5) 46.2 63.9 110.1 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in millions) Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid during the year: Interest Income taxes, net of refunds received February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 300.4 219.6 $ $ 310.4 80.2 $ $ 325.4 169.5 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 59 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FEBRUARY 28, 2017 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Description of business – Constellation Brands, Inc. and its subsidiaries operate primarily in the beverage alcohol industry. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Company,” “CBI,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Constellation Brands, Inc. and its subsidiaries. We are an international beverage alcohol company with a broad portfolio of consumer- preferred high-end imported and craft beer brands, and premium wine and spirits brands. Basis of presentation – Principles of consolidation: Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and our majority-owned and controlled domestic and foreign subsidiaries, as well as a certain variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which we are the primary beneficiary (see Note 2). All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. Equity method investments: If we are not required to consolidate our investment in another entity, we use the equity method when we (i) can exercise significant influence over the other entity and (ii) hold common stock and/or in-substance common stock of the other entity. Under the equity method, investments are carried at cost, plus or minus our equity in the increases and decreases in the investee’s net assets after the date of acquisition. Dividends received from the investee reduce the carrying amount of the investment. Management’s use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Summary of significant accounting policies – Revenue recognition: We record revenue (referred to in our financial statements as “sales”) when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Delivery is not considered to have occurred until risk of loss passes to the customer according to the terms of the contract between us and our customer. Risk of loss is usually transferred upon shipment to or receipt at our customers’ locations, as determined by the specific sales terms of the transactions. Our sales terms do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to any manufacturing defects on our part. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are included in sales. Sales reflect reductions attributable to consideration given to customers in various customer incentive programs, including pricing discounts on single transactions, volume discounts, promotional and advertising allowances, coupons and rebates. Excise taxes remitted to governmental tax authorities are shown on a separate line item as a reduction of sales. Excise taxes are recognized in our results of operations when the related sale is recorded. Cost of product sold: The types of costs included in cost of product sold are raw materials, packaging materials, manufacturing costs, plant administrative support and overheads, and freight and warehouse costs (including distribution network costs). Distribution network costs include inbound freight charges and outbound shipping and handling costs, purchasing and receiving costs, inspection costs, warehousing and internal transfer costs. 60 Selling, general and administrative expenses: The types of costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses consist predominately of advertising and non-manufacturing administrative and overhead costs. Distribution network costs are included in cost of product sold. We expense advertising costs as incurred, shown or distributed. Advertising expense for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, was $552.8 million, $468.3 million and $406.1 million, respectively. Foreign currency translation: The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is generally the respective local currency. The translation from the applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”). Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency denominated transactions are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Cash and cash equivalents: Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity when purchased of three months or less and are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Fair value of financial instruments: We calculate the estimated fair value of financial instruments using quoted market prices whenever available. When quoted market prices are not available, we use standard pricing models for various types of financial instruments (such as forwards, options and swaps) which take into account the present value of estimated future cash flows (see Note 7). Derivative instruments: We enter into derivative instruments to manage our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates. We enter into derivatives for risk management purposes only, including derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships as well as those derivatives utilized as economic hedges. We do not enter into derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. We recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities and measure those instruments at estimated fair value (see Note 6, Note 7). We present our derivative positions gross on our balance sheets. Changes in fair values (to the extent of hedge effectiveness) of outstanding cash flow hedges are deferred in stockholders’ equity as a component of AOCI. These deferred gains or losses are recognized in our results of operations in the same period in which the hedged items are recognized and on the same financial statement line item as the hedged items. Any ineffectiveness associated with these derivative instruments is recognized immediately in our results of operations. Changes in fair values for derivative instruments not designated in a hedge accounting relationship are recognized directly in our results of operations each period and on the same financial statement line item as the hedged item. For purposes of measuring segment operating performance, the net gain (loss) from the changes in fair value of our undesignated commodity derivative contracts, prior to settlement, is reported outside of segment operating results until such time that the underlying exposure is recognized in the segment operating results. Upon settlement, the net gain (loss) from the changes in fair value of the undesignated commodity derivative contracts is reported in the appropriate operating segment, allowing our operating segment results to reflect the economic effects of the commodity derivative contracts without the resulting unrealized mark to fair value volatility. Cash flows from the settlement of derivatives, including both economic hedges and those designated in hedge accounting relationships, appear on our statements of cash flows in the same categories as the cash flows of the hedged items. Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (primarily computed in accordance with the first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Elements of cost include materials, labor and overhead. 61 Bulk wine inventories are included as in-process inventories within current assets, in accordance with the general practices of the wine industry, although a portion of such inventories may be aged for periods greater than one year. A substantial portion of barreled whiskey and brandy will not be sold within one year because of the duration of the aging process. All barreled whiskey and brandy are classified as in-process inventories and are included in current assets, in accordance with industry practice. Warehousing, insurance, ad valorem taxes and other carrying charges applicable to barreled whiskey and brandy held for aging are included in inventory costs. We assess the valuation of our inventories and reduce the carrying value of those inventories that are obsolete or in excess of our forecasted usage to their estimated net realizable value based on analyses and assumptions including, but not limited to, historical usage, future demand and market requirements. Property, plant and equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Major additions and improvements are recorded as an increase to the property accounts, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost of properties sold or otherwise disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the balance sheet accounts at the time of disposal and resulting gains and losses are included as a component of operating income. Depreciation: Depreciation is computed primarily using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: Land improvements Vineyards Buildings and improvements Machinery and equipment Motor vehicles Years 15 to 32 16 to 26 10 to 50 3 to 35 3 to 7 Goodwill and other intangible assets: Goodwill is allocated to the reporting unit in which the business that created the goodwill resides. A reporting unit is an operating segment, or a business unit one level below that operating segment, for which discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management. We review our goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets annually for impairment, or sooner, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We use January 1 as our annual impairment test measurement date. Indefinite lived intangible assets consist principally of trademarks. Intangible assets determined to have a finite life, primarily customer relationships, are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are subject to review for impairment in accordance with authoritative guidance for long-lived assets. Note 9 provides a summary of intangible assets segregated between amortizable and nonamortizable amounts. Indemnification liabilities: We have indemnified respective parties against certain liabilities that may arise in connection with certain acquisitions and divestitures. Indemnification liabilities are recognized when probable and estimable and included in other liabilities (see Note 13). Income taxes: We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method accounts for deferred income taxes by applying statutory rates in effect at the balance sheet date to the difference between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. We provide for taxes that may be payable if undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries were to be remitted to the U.S., except for those earnings that we consider to be indefinitely reinvested. Interest and penalties are recognized as a component of provision for income taxes. Net income per common share attributable to CBI: We have two classes of common stock with a material number of shares outstanding: Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock (see Note 14). In addition, we have another class of common stock 62 with an immaterial number of shares outstanding: Class 1 Common Stock (See Note 14). If we pay a cash dividend on Class B Convertible Common Stock, each share of Class A Common Stock will receive an amount at least ten percent greater than the amount of the cash dividend per share paid on Class B Convertible Common Stock. Class B Convertible Common Stock shares are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis at any time at the option of the holder. We use the two-class method for the computation and presentation of net income per common share attributable to CBI (hereafter referred to as “net income per common share”) (see Note 16). The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that calculates basic and diluted net income per common share for each class of common stock separately based on dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings as if all such earnings had been distributed during the period. Under the two-class method, Class A Common Stock is assumed to receive a ten percent greater participation in undistributed earnings than Class B Convertible Common Stock, in accordance with the respective minimum dividend rights of each class of stock. Net income per common share – basic excludes the effect of common stock equivalents and is computed using the two-class method. Net income per common share – diluted for Class A Common Stock reflects the potential dilution that could result if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Net income per common share – diluted for Class A Common Stock is computed using the more dilutive of the if-converted or two-class method. Net income per common share – diluted for Class A Common Stock is computed using the if-converted method and assumes the exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method and the conversion of Class B Convertible Common Stock as this method is more dilutive than the two-class method. Net income per common share – diluted for Class B Convertible Common Stock is computed using the two-class method and does not assume conversion of Class B Convertible Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock. Stock-based employee compensation: We have two stock-based employee compensation plans (see Note 15). We apply a grant date fair-value- based measurement method in accounting for our stock-based payment arrangements and record all costs resulting from stock-based payment transactions ratably over the requisite service period. Stock-based awards are subject to specific vesting conditions, generally time vesting, or upon retirement, disability or death of the employee (as defined by the plan), if earlier. For awards granted to retirement-eligible employees, we recognize compensation expense ratably over the period from the date of grant to the date of retirement-eligibility. 2. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURE: Acquisitions – Obregon Brewery: In December 2016, we acquired a brewery operation business in Obregon, Sonora, Mexico from Grupo Modelo, S. de R.L. de C.V., formerly known as Grupo Modelo, S.A.B. de C.V., (“Modelo”), a subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV for cash paid of $568.7 million, net of cash acquired, subject to estimated working capital adjustments due to seller of $3.1 million (the “Obregon Brewery”). The transaction primarily included the acquisition of operations; goodwill; property, plant and equipment; and inventories. The purchase accounting has not yet been finalized due primarily to an incomplete valuation of property, plant and equipment as a result of the recency of the date of the transaction. Further changes to the preliminary purchase price allocation will be recognized as valuations are finalized. This acquisition provided us with immediate functioning brewery capacity to support our fast-growing, high-end Mexican beer portfolio and flexibility for future innovation initiatives. It also enabled us to become fully independent from an interim supply agreement with Modelo, which was terminated at the time of this acquisition. The results of operations of the Obregon Brewery are reported in the Beer segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. High West: In October 2016, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding common and preferred membership interests of High West Holdings, LLC for $136.6 million, net of cash acquired (“High West”). This transaction primarily included the acquisition of operations, goodwill, trademarks, inventories and property, plant and equipment. This acquisition included a portfolio of craft whiskeys and other select spirits. The results of operations of High West are 63 reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Charles Smith: In October 2016, we acquired the Charles Smith Wines, LLC business, a collection of five super and ultra- premium wine brands, for $120.8 million (“Charles Smith”). This transaction primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, trademarks, inventories and certain grape supply contracts, plus an earn-out over three years based on the performance of the brands. The results of operations of Charles Smith are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Prisoner: In April 2016, we acquired The Prisoner Wine Company business, including a portfolio of five super-luxury wine brands, for $284.9 million (“Prisoner”). This transaction primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, inventories, trademarks and certain grape supply contracts. The results of operations of Prisoner are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Ballast Point: In December 2015, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding common and preferred stock of Home Brew Mart, Inc. d/b/a/ Ballast Point Brewing & Spirits (“Ballast Point”). The following table summarizes the allocation of the estimated fair value for the significant assets acquired: (in millions) Goodwill Trademarks Other Total estimated fair value Less – cash acquired Purchase price $ $ 763.2 222.8 14.0 1,000.0 (1.5) 998.5 Goodwill associated with the acquisition is primarily attributable to the future growth opportunities associated with the acquisition of a high-growth premium platform that enables us to compete in the growing craft beer category and further strengthened our position in the high-end U.S. beer market. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The results of operations of Ballast Point are reported in the Beer segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Meiomi: In August 2015, we acquired the Meiomi wine business, including the acquisition of a higher-margin, luxury growth pinot noir brand, for $316.2 million (“Meiomi”). This transaction primarily included the acquisition of goodwill, inventories, the trademark and certain grape supply contracts. The results of operations of Meiomi are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Glass production plant: In December 2014, we completed the formation of an equally-owned joint venture with Owens-Illinois and the acquisition of a state-of-the-art glass production plant that is located adjacent to our brewery located in Nava, Coahuila, Mexico (the “Nava Brewery”). The joint venture owns and operates the glass production plant which provides bottles exclusively for our Nava Brewery. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of this VIE and accordingly, the results of operations of the joint venture are reported in the Beer segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. In addition, we also purchased a high-density warehouse, land and rail infrastructure at the same site. The aggregate purchase price for all of these assets was $290.6 million, net of cash acquired, consisting primarily of property, plant and equipment and goodwill. 64 Casa Noble: In September 2014, we acquired the Casa Noble super-premium tequila business, consisting primarily of goodwill and the trademark, plus an earn-out over five years based on the performance of the brands (“Casa Noble”). The results of operations of Casa Noble are reported in the Wine and Spirits segment and have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. Other: In June 2013, we acquired (i) the remaining 50% equity interest in Crown Imports LLC (“Crown Imports”) that we did not previously own (the “Crown Acquisition”); and (ii)(a) all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of a company which owns and operates the Nava Brewery, (ii)(b) all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of a company which provides personnel and services for the operation and maintenance of the Nava Brewery, and (ii)(c) an irrevocable, fully-paid license to produce in Mexico (or worldwide under certain circumstances) and exclusively import, market and sell primarily Modelo’s Mexican beer portfolio sold in the U.S. and Guam as of the date of acquisition (the “Mexican Beer Brands”), and certain extensions (all collectively referred to as the “Brewery Purchase”). The Crown Acquisition and the Brewery Purchase are collectively referred to as the “Beer Business Acquisition.” For the year ended February 28, 2015, we made a final payment of $558.0 million, consisting of an additional purchase price payment of $543.3 million plus imputed interest of $14.7 million, in connection with the Beer Business Acquisition. We used $150.0 million of proceeds from borrowings under the revolving credit facility under our then-existing senior credit facility, $100.0 million of proceeds from borrowings under our then-existing accounts receivable securitization facilities and $308.0 million of cash on hand. Divestiture – Canadian Divestiture: In December 2016, we sold the Wine and Spirits’ Canadian wine business, which included Canadian wine brands such as Jackson-Triggs and Inniskillin, wineries, vineyards, offices, facilities and Wine Rack retail stores, at a transaction value of C$1.03 billion, or $775.2 million, (the “Canadian Divestiture”). We received cash proceeds of $575.3 million, net of outstanding debt and direct costs to sell of $194.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively, subject to estimated working capital adjustments due to buyer of $4.9 million. The following table summarizes the net gain recognized in connection with this divestiture for the year ended February 28, 2017: (in millions) Cash received from buyer Net assets sold AOCI reclassification adjustments, primarily foreign currency translation Direct costs to sell Estimated working capital adjustments to be paid Other Gain on sale of business $ $ 585.2 (175.4) (122.5) (9.9) (4.9) (10.1) 262.4 Additionally, our Wine and Spirits’ U.S. business recognized an impairment of $8.4 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 for trademarks associated with certain U.S. brands sold exclusively through the Canadian wine business for which we expect future sales of these brands to be minimal subsequent to the Canadian Divestiture. We also recognized $12.0 million of other costs associated with the Canadian Divestiture for the year ended February 28, 2017, primarily in connection with the evaluation of the merits of executing an initial public offering for a portion of our Canadian wine business. These amounts are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. In total, for the year ended February 28, 2017, we recognized a net gain associated with the Canadian Divestiture as follows: (in millions) Gain on sale of business Impairment of trademarks Other net costs Net gain associated with the Canadian Divestiture and related activities 65 $ $ 262.4 (8.4) (12.0) 242.0 3. INVENTORIES: The components of inventories are as follows: (in millions) Raw materials and supplies In-process inventories Finished case goods 4. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER: The major components of prepaid expenses and other are as follows: (in millions) Prepaid excise, sales and value added taxes Income taxes receivable Other 5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT: The major components of property, plant and equipment are as follows: (in millions) Land and land improvements Vineyards Buildings and improvements Machinery and equipment Motor vehicles Construction in progress Less – Accumulated depreciation February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ $ 149.7 1,260.1 545.3 1,955.1 $ $ 107.2 1,218.7 525.7 1,851.6 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ $ 136.1 100.4 124.0 360.5 $ $ 82.6 124.5 103.3 310.4 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ 400.4 $ 232.6 736.1 3,079.6 124.2 636.9 5,209.8 (1,277.0) 3,932.8 $ $ 338.7 244.4 809.1 2,253.8 74.3 792.4 4,512.7 (1,179.3) 3,333.4 For the years ended February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, we had noncash additions of $190.3 million and $158.0 million, respectively, to property, plant and equipment associated primarily with the expansion projects for our Nava Brewery. These amounts are recorded primarily in accounts payable as of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016. 6. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS: Overview – We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates that could affect our results of operations and financial condition. The impact on our results and financial position and the amounts reported in our financial statements will vary based upon the currency, 66 commodity and interest rate market movements during the period, the effectiveness and level of derivative instruments outstanding and whether they are designated and qualify for hedge accounting. The estimated fair values of our derivative instruments change with fluctuations in currency rates, commodity prices and/or interest rates and are expected to offset changes in the values of the underlying exposures. Our derivative instruments are held solely to manage our exposures to the aforementioned market risks as part of our normal business operations. We follow strict policies to manage these risks and do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The aggregate notional value of outstanding derivative instruments is as follows: (in millions) Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts Derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts Interest rate swap contracts (see Note 11) February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ $ $ $ $ 981.7 250.0 389.9 153.2 $ $ $ $ 731.6 600.0 975.6 198.7 — $ 1,000.0 Cash flow hedges – Our derivative instruments designated in hedge accounting relationships are designated as cash flow hedges. We are exposed to foreign denominated cash flow fluctuations primarily in connection with third party and intercompany sales and purchases. We primarily use foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of these risks. In addition, we utilize interest rate swap contracts to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates. Derivatives managing our cash flow exposures generally mature within three years or less, with a maximum maturity of five years. To qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the details of the hedging relationship must be formally documented at inception of the arrangement, including the risk management objective, hedging strategy, hedged item, specific risk that is being hedged, the derivative instrument, how effectiveness is being assessed and how ineffectiveness will be measured. The derivative must be highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the risk being hedged. Throughout the term of the designated cash flow hedge relationship on at least a quarterly basis, a retrospective evaluation and prospective assessment of hedge effectiveness is performed based on quantitative and qualitative measures. All components of our derivative instruments’ gains or losses are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Resulting ineffectiveness, if any, is recognized immediately in our results of operations. When we determine that a derivative instrument which qualified for hedge accounting treatment has ceased to be highly effective as a hedge, we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively. In the event the relationship is no longer effective, we recognize the change in the fair value of the hedging derivative instrument from the date the hedging derivative instrument became no longer effective immediately in our results of operations. We also discontinue hedge accounting prospectively when (i) a derivative expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised; (ii) it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will occur; or (iii) we determine that designating the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate. When we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively, but the original forecasted transaction continues to be probable of occurring, the existing gain or loss of the derivative instrument remains in AOCI and is reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction occurs. When it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur, any remaining gain or loss in AOCI is recognized immediately in our results of operations. We expect $17.1 million of net losses, net of income tax effect, to be reclassified from AOCI to our results of operations within the next 12 months. 67 Undesignated hedges – Certain of our derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment; for others, we choose not to maintain the required documentation to apply hedge accounting treatment. These undesignated instruments are primarily used to economically hedge our exposure to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency denominated receivables and payables; foreign currency investments, primarily consisting of loans to subsidiaries, and cash flows related primarily to the repatriation of those loans or investments; and commodity prices, primarily consisting of heating oil, diesel fuel, aluminum, natural gas and corn prices. We primarily use foreign currency forward and option contracts, generally less than 12 months in duration, and commodity derivative contracts, generally less than 36 months in duration, with a maximum maturity of five years, to hedge some of these risks. Our derivative policy permits the use of undesignated derivatives as approved by senior management. Credit risk – We are exposed to credit-related losses if the counterparties to our derivative contracts default. This credit risk is limited to the fair value of the derivative contracts. To manage this risk, we contract only with major financial institutions that have earned investment-grade credit ratings and with whom we have standard International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreements which allow for net settlement of the derivative contracts. We have also established counterparty credit guidelines that are regularly monitored. Because of these safeguards, we believe the risk of loss from counterparty default to be immaterial. In addition, our derivative instruments are not subject to credit rating contingencies or collateral requirements. As of February 28, 2017, the estimated fair value of derivative instruments in a net liability position due to counterparties was $61.4 million. If we were required to settle the net liability position under these derivative instruments on February 28, 2017, we would have had sufficient availability under our available liquidity on hand to satisfy this obligation. Results of period derivative activity – The estimated fair value and location of our derivative instruments on our balance sheets are as follows (see Note 7): Assets February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 Liabilities February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 (in millions) Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency contracts: Prepaid expenses and other Other assets 5.2 6.0 $ $ $ $ Interest rate swap contracts: Prepaid expenses and other Other assets $ $ 0.3 4.4 $ $ 5.5 1.2 — 0.3 Other accrued expenses and liabilities Other liabilities Other accrued expenses and liabilities Other liabilities Derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency contracts: Prepaid expenses and other 2.0 $ 4.8 $ Commodity derivative contracts: Prepaid expenses and other Other assets Interest rate swap contracts: Prepaid expenses and other $ $ $ 4.3 1.5 $ $ — $ 0.6 0.3 0.7 68 Other accrued expenses and liabilities Other accrued expenses and liabilities Other liabilities Other accrued expenses and liabilities $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 30.4 37.4 $ $ 0.3 $ — $ 33.0 26.2 1.5 0.4 2.6 $ 9.8 6.9 4.7 $ $ 29.3 16.8 — $ 5.7 The principal effect of our derivative instruments designated in cash flow hedging relationships on our results of operations, as well as Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”), net of income tax effect, is as follows: Derivative Instruments in Designated Cash Flow Hedging Relationships (in millions) For the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts For the Year Ended February 29, 2016 Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts For the Year Ended February 28, 2015 Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts Net Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI (Effective portion) Location of Net Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI to Income (Effective portion) Net Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI to Income (Effective portion) $ $ $ $ $ $ (25.8) Sales Cost of product sold 2.8 Interest expense (23.0) (41.7) Sales Cost of product sold (1.6) Interest expense (43.3) (22.9) Sales Cost of product sold Interest expense (1.1) (24.0) $ $ $ $ $ $ 1.1 (28.3) (4.0) (31.2) 2.1 (20.0) (8.1) (26.0) 1.8 2.6 (8.3) (3.9) The effect of our undesignated derivative instruments on our results of operations is as follows: Derivative Instruments not Designated as Hedging Instruments (in millions) For the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Commodity derivative contracts Foreign currency contracts For the Year Ended February 29, 2016 Commodity derivative contracts Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts For the Year Ended February 28, 2015 Commodity derivative contracts Foreign currency contracts Interest rate swap contracts Location of Net Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income Net Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income Cost of product sold Selling, general and administrative expenses Cost of product sold Selling, general and administrative expenses Interest expense Cost of product sold Selling, general and administrative expenses Interest expense $ $ $ $ $ $ 16.3 (26.1) (9.8) (48.1) (21.1) (0.1) (69.3) (32.7) (2.5) (0.1) (35.3) 69 7. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: Authoritative guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements for financial instruments. This guidance emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and states that a fair value measurement should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. It establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. The hierarchy includes three levels: • Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; • Level 2 inputs include data points that are observable such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable for the asset and liability, either directly or indirectly; and • Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Fair value methodology and assumptions – The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value for each class of our financial instruments: Foreign currency and commodity derivative contracts: Our foreign currency contracts consist of foreign currency forward and option contracts and our commodity derivative contracts consist of swap contracts. The fair value is estimated using market-based inputs, obtained from independent pricing services, into valuation models. These valuation models require various inputs, including contractual terms, market foreign exchange prices, market commodity prices, interest-rate yield curves and currency volatilities, as applicable (Level 2 fair value measurement). Interest rate swap contracts: The fair value is estimated based on quoted market prices from respective counterparties. Quotes are corroborated by using discounted cash flow calculations based upon forward interest- rate yield curves, which are obtained from independent pricing services (Level 2 fair value measurement). Available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities: The fair value is estimated by discounting cash flows using market-based inputs (Level 3 fair value measurement). Notes payable to banks: The revolving credit facility under our senior credit facility is a variable interest rate bearing note which includes a fixed margin which is adjustable based upon our debt ratio (as defined in our senior credit facility). Its fair value is estimated by discounting cash flows using LIBOR plus a margin reflecting current market conditions obtained from participating member financial institutions (Level 2 fair value measurement). The remaining instruments are variable interest rate bearing notes for which the carrying value approximates the fair value. Long-term debt: The term loans under our senior credit facility are variable interest rate bearing notes which include a fixed margin which is adjustable based upon our debt ratio. The fair value of the term loans is estimated by discounting cash flows using LIBOR plus a margin reflecting current market conditions obtained from participating member financial institutions (Level 2 fair value measurement). The fair value of the remaining long- term debt, which is primarily fixed interest rate, is estimated by discounting cash flows using interest rates currently available for debt with similar terms and maturities (Level 2 fair value measurement). The carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable to banks, approximate fair value as of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments. As of February 28, 2017, the carrying amount of long-term debt, including the current portion, was $8,631.6 million, compared with an estimated fair value of $8,845.5 million. As of February 29, 2016, the carrying amount of long-term debt, including the current portion, was $7,672.9 million, compared with an estimated fair value of $7,252.0 million. 70 Recurring basis measurements – The following table presents our financial assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis: (in millions) February 28, 2017 Assets: Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts Interest rate swap contracts AFS debt securities Liabilities: Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts Interest rate swap contracts February 29, 2016 Assets: Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts Interest rate swap contracts AFS debt securities Liabilities: Foreign currency contracts Commodity derivative contracts Interest rate swap contracts Fair Value Measurements Using Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 13.2 5.8 4.7 $ $ $ — $ 70.4 11.6 0.3 11.5 0.9 1.0 $ $ $ $ $ $ — $ 69.0 46.1 7.6 $ $ $ — $ — $ — $ 9.5 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4.6 $ — $ — $ — $ 13.2 5.8 4.7 9.5 70.4 11.6 0.3 11.5 0.9 1.0 4.6 69.0 46.1 7.6 Nonrecurring basis measurements – The following table presents our assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis for which an impairment assessment was performed for the period presented: Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Losses (in millions) For the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Trademarks $ — $ — $ — $ 46.0 Trademarks: For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, in connection with our continued focus on the premiumization of our branded wine and spirits portfolio, a decision was made to discontinue certain small-scale, low-margin U.S. brands within our Wine and Spirits’ portfolio. As a result, trademarks with a carrying value of $37.6 million were written down to their estimated fair value, resulting in an impairment of $37.6 million. 71 In addition, in connection with the Canadian Divestiture in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, trademarks with a carrying value of $8.4 million were written down to their estimated fair value, resulting in an impairment of $8.4 million. These trademarks were associated with certain U.S. brands within our Wine and Spirits’ portfolio sold exclusively through the Canadian wine business, for which we expect future sales of these brands to be minimal subsequent to the Canadian Divestiture. We measured the amount of impairment by calculating the amount by which the carrying value of these assets exceeded their estimated fair values. The estimated fair value was determined based on an income approach using the relief from royalty method, which assumes that, in lieu of ownership, a third party would be willing to pay a royalty in order to exploit the related benefits of trademark assets. The cash flow projections we use to estimate the fair values of our trademarks involve several assumptions, including (i) projected revenue growth rates, (ii) estimated royalty rates, (iii) after-tax royalty savings expected from ownership of the trademarks and (iv) discount rates used to derive the estimated fair value of the trademarks. 8. GOODWILL: The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows: (in millions) Balance, February 28, 2015 Purchase accounting allocations (1) Foreign currency translation adjustments Balance, February 29, 2016 Purchase accounting allocations (2) Canadian Divestiture (3) Foreign currency translation adjustments Balance, February 28, 2017 Beer Wine and Spirits Consolidated $ 3,776.2 $ 2,432.0 $ 761.8 (7.9) 4,530.1 510.8 — 12.1 203.3 (26.8) 2,608.5 373.7 (126.1) 11.4 6,208.2 965.1 (34.7) 7,138.6 884.5 (126.1) 23.5 $ 5,053.0 $ 2,867.5 $ 7,920.5 (1) Purchase accounting allocations associated with the acquisitions of Ballast Point (Beer) and Meiomi (Wine and Spirits) (see Note 2). (2) Preliminary purchase accounting allocations primarily associated with the acquisitions of the Obregon Brewery (Beer), and Prisoner, High West and Charles Smith (Wine and Spirits) (see Note 2). (3) Includes accumulated impairment losses associated with goodwill assigned to our Wine and Spirits’ Canadian reporting unit of C$289.1 million, or $216.8 million (see Note 2). 72 9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS: The major components of intangible assets are as follows: (in millions) Amortizable intangible assets Customer relationships Favorable interim supply agreement Other Total Nonamortizable intangible assets Trademarks Other Total Total intangible assets February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 Gross Carrying Amount Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Net Carrying Amount $ $ 89.1 $ 48.6 $ 102.5 $ — 19.9 109.0 — 1.7 50.3 $ 68.3 22.3 193.1 3,327.4 — 3,327.4 3,377.7 $ $ 60.2 2.2 3.5 65.9 3,333.8 4.1 3,337.9 3,403.8 We did not incur costs to renew or extend the term of acquired intangible assets for the years ended February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016. Net carrying amount represents the gross carrying value net of accumulated amortization. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $10.4 million, $40.7 million and $40.0 million for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter is as follows: (in millions) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter $ $ $ $ $ $ 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.2 4.9 23.3 10. OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES AND LIABILITIES: The major components of other accrued expenses and liabilities are as follows: (in millions) Salaries, commissions, and payroll benefits and withholdings Promotions and advertising Accrued interest Income taxes payable Derivative liabilities Other 73 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ $ 148.5 116.9 87.5 60.2 40.2 122.5 575.8 $ $ 142.3 109.4 64.1 25.0 79.3 124.3 544.4 11. BORROWINGS: Borrowings consist of the following: (in millions) Notes payable to banks Senior Credit Facility – Revolving Credit Loans Other Long-term debt Senior Credit Facility – Term Loans Senior Notes Other Current February 28, 2017 Long-term Total February 29, 2016 Total $ $ $ $ 231.0 375.5 606.5 192.5 699.9 18.5 910.9 $ $ $ $ — $ — — $ 3,595.0 3,917.1 208.6 7,720.7 $ $ 231.0 375.5 606.5 3,787.5 4,617.0 227.1 8,631.6 $ $ $ $ 92.0 316.3 408.3 2,856.8 4,716.3 99.8 7,672.9 Senior credit facility – In July 2015, the Company, CIH International S.à r.l., a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of ours (“CIH”), Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), and certain other lenders entered into an Amendment (“Amendment”) that amended our then existing senior credit facility (as amended, the “2015 Credit Agreement”). The principal changes effected by the Amendment were: • The creation of a new $1.27 billion U.S. Term A loan facility into which the existing U.S. Term A and Term A-2 loan facilities were combined and increased by $200.0 million; • The refinance of the existing U.S. Term A-1 loan facility and extension of its maturity to July 16, 2021; • The creation of a new $1.43 billion European Term A loan facility into which the existing European Term A and Term B-1 loan facilities were combined; • The extension of the maturity date of all tranches, other than the new U.S. Term A-1 loan facility, to July 16, 2020; and • The increase of the revolving credit facility by $300.0 million to $1.15 billion. In March 2016, the Company, CIH, CIH Holdings S.à r.l., a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of ours (“CIHH”), the Administrative Agent, and certain other lenders entered into a Restatement Agreement (the “March 2016 Restatement Agreement”) that amended and restated the 2015 Credit Agreement (as amended and restated by the March 2016 Restatement Agreement, the “March 2016 Credit Agreement”). The principal changes effected by the March 2016 Restatement Agreement were: • The creation of a new $700.0 million European Term A-1 loan facility maturing on March 10, 2021; • An increase of the European revolving commitment under the revolving credit facility by $425.0 million to $1.0 billion; • The addition of CIHH as a new borrower under the new European Term A-1 loan facility and the European revolving commitment; and • The entry into a cross-guarantee agreement by CIH and CIHH whereby each guarantees the other’s obligations under the March 2016 Credit Agreement. In October 2016, the Company, CIH, CIHH, CB International Finance S.à r.l., a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of ours (“CB International” and together with CIH and CIHH, the “European Borrowers”), the Administrative Agent, and certain other lenders entered into a Restatement Agreement (the “2016 Restatement Agreement”) that amended and restated the March 2016 Credit Agreement (as amended and restated by the 2016 Restatement Agreement, the “2016 Credit Agreement”). The principal changes effected by the 2016 Restatement Agreement were: • The creation of a new $400.0 million European Term A-2 loan facility with CIH as the borrower, maturing on March 10, 2021; 74 • An adjustment of the Incremental Facilities (as defined below) from a fixed amount to a flexible amount; • The addition of CB International as a new borrower under the European revolving commitment; and • The entry into an amended and restated cross-guarantee agreement by the European Borrowers whereby each guarantees the others’ obligations under the 2016 Credit Agreement. The 2016 Credit Agreement provides for aggregate credit facilities of $5,004.2 million, consisting of the following: (in millions) Revolving Credit Facility (1) (2) U.S. Term A Facility (1) (3) U.S. Term A-1 Facility (1) (3) European Term A Facility (1) (3) European Term A-1 Facility (1) (3) European Term A-2 Facility (1) (3) Amount Maturity $ 1,150.0 1,192.1 July 16, 2020 July 16, 2020 238.9 July 16, 2021 1,340.7 July 16, 2020 682.5 March 10, 2021 400.0 March 10, 2021 $ 5,004.2 (1) Contractual interest rate varies based on our debt ratio (as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement) and is a function of LIBOR plus a margin, or the base rate plus a margin. (2) Provides for credit facilities consisting of a $150.0 million U.S. Revolving Credit Facility and a $1,000.0 million European Revolving Credit Facility. Includes two sub-facilities for letters of credit of up to $200.0 million in the aggregate. We are the borrower under the U.S. Revolving Credit Facility and we and/or CIH and/or CIHH and/or CB International are the borrowers under the European Revolving Credit Facility. (3) We are the borrower under the U.S. Term A and the U.S. Term A-1 loan facilities. CIH is the borrower under the European Term A and the European Term A-2 loan facilities. CIHH is the borrower under the European Term A-1 loan facility. The 2016 Credit Agreement also permits us to elect, subject to the willingness of existing or new lenders to fund such increase or term loans and other customary conditions, to increase the revolving credit commitments or add one or more tranches of additional term loans (the “Incremental Facilities”). The Incremental Facilities may be an unlimited amount so long as our leverage ratio, as defined and computed pursuant to the 2016 Credit Agreement, is no greater than 4.00 to 1.00 for the period defined pursuant to the 2016 Credit Agreement. The U.S. obligations under the 2016 Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our U.S. subsidiaries. The European obligations under the 2016 Credit Agreement are guaranteed by us and certain of our U.S. subsidiaries. In addition, the European obligations are cross-guaranteed by the European Borrowers whereby each guarantees the others’ obligations. We and our subsidiaries are subject to covenants that are contained in the 2016 Credit Agreement, including those restricting the incurrence of additional indebtedness (including guarantees of indebtedness), additional liens, mergers and consolidations, the payment of dividends, the making of certain investments, prepayments of certain debt, transactions with affiliates, agreements that restrict our non-guarantor subsidiaries from paying dividends, and dispositions of property, in each case subject to numerous conditions, exceptions and thresholds. The financial covenants are limited to a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum net debt coverage ratio. 75 As of February 28, 2017, information with respect to borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement is as follows: (in millions) Outstanding borrowings Interest rate LIBOR margin Outstanding letters of credit $ $ Remaining borrowing capacity $ Revolving Credit Facility U.S. Term A Facility (1) U.S. Term A-1 Facility (1) European Term A Facility (1) European Term A-1 Facility (1) European Term A-2 Facility (1) 231.0 $ 1,169.1 $ 237.9 $ 1,316.7 $ 671.0 $ 392.8 2.3% 1.5% 2.5% 1.75% 2.3% 1.5% 2.3% 1.5% 2.3% 1.5% 2.3% 1.5% 16.7 902.3 (1) Outstanding term loan facility borrowings are net of unamortized debt issuance costs. As of February 28, 2017, the required principal repayments of the term loans under the 2016 Credit Agreement (excluding unamortized debt issuance costs of $18.6 million) for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter are as follows: (in millions) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter U.S. Term A Facility U.S. Term A-1 Facility European Term A Facility European Term A-1 Facility European Term A-2 Facility Total $ $ 63.6 63.6 63.6 985.4 — — 1,176.2 $ $ 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 228.7 — 238.3 $ $ 71.5 71.5 71.5 1,108.3 — — 1,322.8 $ $ 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 533.8 — 673.8 $ $ 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 315.0 — 395.0 $ $ 192.5 192.5 192.5 2,151.1 1,077.5 — 3,806.1 Interest rate swap contracts – In April 2012, we transitioned our then existing interest rate swap agreement to a one-month LIBOR base rate versus the existing three-month LIBOR base rate by entering into a new interest rate swap agreement which was designated as a cash flow hedge for $500.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt. In addition, our existing interest rate swap agreement was dedesignated as a hedge. We also entered into an additional interest rate swap agreement for $500.0 million that was not designated as a hedge to offset the prospective impact of the newly undesignated interest rate swap agreement. As a result of these hedges, we fixed our interest rates on $500.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt at an average rate of 2.8% (exclusive of borrowing margins) through September 1, 2016. The losses in AOCI related to the dedesignated interest rate swap agreement have been reclassified from AOCI ratably into earnings in the same period in which the original hedged item was recorded in our results of operations. We have entered into additional interest rate swap agreements, which are designated as cash flow hedges for $250.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt. As a result of these hedges, we have fixed our interest rates on $250.0 million of our floating LIBOR rate debt at an average rate of 1.1% (exclusive of borrowing margins) from September 1, 2016, through July 1, 2020. For the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, we reclassified net losses of $4.0 million, $8.1 million and $8.3 million, net of income tax effect, respectively, from AOCI to interest expense. 76 Senior notes – Our outstanding senior notes are as follows: Date of Outstanding Balance (1) Issuance Maturity Interest Payments Principal February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 May 2017 April 2012 August 2006 January 2008 September 2016 Mar/Sept (in millions) 7.25% Senior Notes (2) (3) 7.25% Senior Notes (2) (3) (4) 6% Senior Notes (2) (3) 3.75% Senior Notes (2) (3) 4.25% Senior Notes (2) (3) May/Nov 3.875% Senior Notes (2) (3) November 2014 November 2019 May/Nov 4.75% Senior Notes (2) (3) November 2014 November 2024 May/Nov 4.75% Senior Notes (2) (3) 3.70% Senior Notes (2) (5) December 2015 December 2025 December 2016 December 2026 May 2023 May 2022 May 2021 May 2013 May 2013 May/Nov May/Nov May/Nov June/Dec June/Dec $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 700.0 700.0 600.0 500.0 1,050.0 400.0 400.0 400.0 600.0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — $ 699.9 594.9 497.4 1,043.4 396.8 395.4 394.8 594.4 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 699.0 699.0 594.1 496.8 1,042.5 395.7 394.9 394.3 — (1) Amounts are net of unamortized discounts, where applicable, and debt issuance costs. (2) Senior unsecured obligations which rank equally in right of payment to all of our existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. Guaranteed by certain of our U.S. subsidiaries on a senior unsecured basis. (3) Redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount plus a make whole payment based on the present value of the future payments at the adjusted Treasury Rate plus 50 basis points. (4) Issued in exchange for notes originally issued in May 2007. (5) Redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time prior to September 6, 2026, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a make-whole payment based on the present value of the future payments at the adjusted Treasury Rate plus 25 basis points. On or after September 6, 2026, redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Indentures – Our Indentures relating to our outstanding senior notes contain certain covenants, including, but not limited to: (i) a limitation on liens on certain assets, (ii) a limitation on certain sale and leaseback transactions, and (iii) restrictions on mergers, consolidations and the transfer of all or substantially all of our assets to another person. Subsidiary credit facilities – General: We have additional credit arrangements totaling $442.8 million and $424.1 million as of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, respectively. As of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, amounts outstanding under these arrangements were $269.5 million and $157.1 million, respectively, the majority of which is classified as long-term as of the respective date. These arrangements primarily support the financing needs of our domestic and foreign subsidiary operations, as well as our glass production plant joint venture (see “other long-term debt” below). Interest rates and other terms of these borrowings vary from country to country, depending on local market conditions. Canadian credit agreement: In June 2016, through a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of ours, we entered into a new secured Canadian credit agreement which provided for a C$275.0 million term loan facility ($214.1 million at issuance) and a C$50.0 million revolving credit facility which was undrawn at issuance (the “Canadian Credit Agreement”). In connection with the Canadian Divestiture in December 2016, our obligations associated with the Canadian Credit Agreement terminated. 77 Other long-term debt: During the year ended February 28, 2017, we recorded an immaterial adjustment related to the prior period for the noncash conversion of $132.0 million from noncontrolling equity interests to long-term debt associated with our glass production plant joint venture partner, Owens-Illinois. Additionally, we had incremental borrowings from Owens-Illinois under the contractual agreement for the year ended February 28, 2017. As of February 28, 2017, amounts outstanding under the contractual agreement are included in our consolidated balance sheet in accordance with our consolidation of this VIE. These borrowings have a maturity date of December 2064 with both a fixed and variable interest rate component. The variable interest rate is based upon certain performance measures as defined in the contractual agreement. As of February 28, 2017, amounts outstanding under the contractual agreement were $183.5 million with a weighted average interest rate of 5.1%. Debt payments – As of February 28, 2017, the required principal repayments under long-term debt obligations (excluding unamortized debt issuance costs and unamortized discount of $51.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively) for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter are as follows: (in millions) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter $ $ 911.0 207.6 599.7 2,153.9 1,577.5 3,233.5 8,683.2 Accounts receivable securitization facilities – On September 28, 2015, we entered into an amended 364-day revolving trade accounts receivable securitization facility (the “2015 CBI Facility”). Under the 2015 CBI Facility, trade accounts receivable generated by us and certain of our subsidiaries are sold by us to our wholly-owned bankruptcy remote single purpose subsidiary (the “CBI SPV”), which is consolidated by us for financial reporting purposes. Such receivables have been pledged by the CBI SPV to secure borrowings under the 2015 CBI Facility. We service the receivables for the 2015 CBI Facility. The receivable balances related to the 2015 CBI Facility are reported as accounts receivable on our balance sheets, but the receivables are at all times owned by the CBI SPV and are included on our financial statements as required by generally accepted accounting principles. On September 27, 2016, we and the CBI SPV amended the 2015 CBI Facility (as amended, the “CBI Facility”) for an additional 364-day term. Under the CBI Facility, there are two lenders, one holding 60% of the aggregate facility and the other holding 40% of the aggregate facility. Any borrowings under the CBI Facility are recorded as secured borrowings and bear interest as follows: (i) 60% of the borrowings are charged at that lender’s cost of funds plus a margin of 80 basis points and (ii) 40% of the borrowings are charged at one-month LIBOR plus a margin of 80 basis points. The CBI Facility provides borrowing capacity of $235.0 million up to $340.0 million structured to account for the seasonality of our business, subject to further limitations based upon various pre-agreed formulas. Also, on September 28, 2015, Crown Imports, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of ours, entered into an amended 364-day revolving trade accounts receivable securitization facility (the “2015 Crown Facility”). Under the 2015 Crown Facility, trade accounts receivable generated by Crown Imports are sold by Crown Imports to its wholly-owned bankruptcy remote single purpose subsidiary (the “Crown SPV”), which is consolidated by us for financial reporting purposes. Such receivables have been pledged by the Crown SPV to secure borrowings under the 2015 Crown Facility. Crown Imports services the receivables for the 2015 Crown Facility. The receivable balances related to the 2015 Crown Facility are reported as accounts receivable on our balance sheets, but the receivables are at all times owned by the Crown SPV and are included on our financial statements to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. On September 27, 2016, Crown Imports and the Crown SPV amended the 2015 Crown Facility (as amended, the “Crown Facility”) for an additional 364-day term. Under the Crown Facility, there are two lenders, one holding 60% of the aggregate facility and the other holding 40% of the aggregate facility. Any borrowings under the Crown Facility are recorded as secured borrowings and bear interest as follows: 78 (i) 60% of the borrowings are charged at that lender’s cost of funds plus a margin of 80 basis points and (ii) 40% of the borrowings are charged at one-month LIBOR plus a margin of 80 basis points. The Crown Facility provides borrowing capacity of $120.0 million up to $210.0 million structured to account for the seasonality of Crown Imports’ business. As of February 28, 2017, our accounts receivable securitization facilities are as follows: (in millions) CBI Facility Crown Facility 12. INCOME TAXES: Income before income taxes was generated as follows: (in millions) Domestic Foreign The income tax provision consisted of the following: (in millions) Current Federal State Foreign Total current Deferred Federal State Foreign Total deferred Income tax provision Outstanding Borrowings Weighted Average Interest Rate Remaining Borrowing Capacity $ $ 206.1 127.0 1.7% $ 1.7% $ 88.9 13.0 February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 788.0 1,305.4 2,093.4 $ $ 599.3 901.9 1,501.2 $ $ 481.6 698.0 1,179.6 February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 270.8 28.5 126.2 425.5 113.4 7.5 7.8 128.7 554.2 $ $ 126.2 19.9 43.5 189.6 232.4 15.6 3.0 251.0 440.6 $ $ 195.0 20.1 49.0 264.1 84.6 4.8 (10.1) 79.3 343.4 The foreign provision (benefit) for income taxes is based on foreign pretax earnings. Earnings of foreign subsidiaries would be subject to U.S. income taxation on repatriation to the U.S. We provide for taxes that may be payable if undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries were to be remitted to the U.S., except for those earnings that we consider to be indefinitely reinvested. During the third quarter of fiscal 2017, in connection with the agreement to divest the Canadian wine business and the ongoing Beer capacity expansion activities in Mexico, including the agreement to acquire the Obregon Brewery, we changed our assertion regarding our ability and intent to indefinitely reinvest undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries. Approximately $420 million of our earnings for the year ended February 28, 2017, and all future earnings for these foreign subsidiaries are expected to be indefinitely reinvested. 79 Our current U.S. cash flow estimates and available borrowing capacity are expected to be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs. Because we intend to use our historical unremitted earnings generated from our existing foreign subsidiaries to continue to support our U.S. investments in the future, our intent to repatriate those historical foreign earnings remains unchanged. Therefore, we continue to provide for anticipated tax liabilities on these amounts that are expected to be repatriated. We have not provided for incremental U.S. income taxes on the indefinitely reinvested earnings. If at some future date these earnings cease to be indefinitely reinvested and are repatriated, we may be subject to additional U.S. income and other taxes on such amounts of approximately $110 million. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the future income tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and are measured using enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income. Significant components of deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following: (in millions) Deferred tax assets Loss carryforwards Stock-based compensation Inventory Derivative instruments Insurance accruals Employee benefits Unrealized foreign exchange Other accruals Gross deferred tax assets Valuation allowances Deferred tax assets, net Deferred tax liabilities Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Provision for unremitted earnings Investments in equity method investees Unrealized foreign exchange Derivative instruments Total deferred tax liabilities Deferred tax liabilities, net February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ 144.0 $ 43.2 12.5 — 5.2 2.5 — 28.4 235.8 (134.1) 101.7 74.2 50.1 14.1 5.1 3.8 2.8 1.3 39.4 190.8 (35.7) 155.1 (720.6) (255.0) (229.3) (24.2) (4.1) (0.9) (1,234.1) (1,132.4) $ (688.1) (264.2) (199.9) (24.3) — — (1,176.5) (1,021.4) $ In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making this assessment, we consider the projected reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income. Based upon this assessment, we believe it is more likely than not that we will realize the benefits of these deductible differences, net of any valuation allowances. As of February 28, 2017, operating loss carryforwards totaling $321.2 million are being carried forward in a number of jurisdictions where we are permitted to use tax operating losses from prior periods to reduce future taxable income. Of these operating loss carryforwards, $301.6 million will expire in fiscal 2018 through fiscal 2037 and $19.6 million of operating losses in certain jurisdictions may be carried forward indefinitely. Additionally, as of February 28, 2017, federal capital losses totaling $262.9 million are being carried forward and will expire in fiscal 2022. 80 We have recognized valuation allowances for operating loss carryforwards, capital loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets when we believe it is more likely than not that these items will not be realized. The increase in our valuation allowances as of February 28, 2017, primarily relates to the recognition of a full valuation allowance for the federal capital losses generated for the year ended February 28, 2017. A reconciliation of the total tax provision (benefit) to the amount computed by applying the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate to income before provision for (benefit from) income taxes is as follows: For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 % of Pretax Income Amount % of Pretax Income Amount % of Pretax Income Amount (in millions, except % of pretax income data) Income tax provision at statutory rate $ 732.7 35.0% $ 525.4 35.0% $ 412.8 35.0% State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit Earnings of subsidiaries taxed at other than U.S. statutory rate Canadian Divestiture Miscellaneous items, net Income tax provision at effective rate $ 23.4 1.1% 23.1 1.5% 16.1 1.4% (160.4) (25.5) (16.0) 554.2 (7.6%) (1.2%) (0.8%) 26.5% $ (101.2) — (6.7) 440.6 (6.7%) —% (0.5%) 29.3% $ (75.3) — (10.2) 343.4 (6.4%) —% (0.9%) 29.1% For the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, the state and local income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit, includes benefits resulting from adjustments to the current and deferred state effective tax rates. These benefits include the recognition of prior period income tax refunds, decreases in uncertain tax positions and adjustments to the current and deferred state effective tax rates. The effect of earnings of foreign subsidiaries includes the difference between the U.S. statutory rate and local jurisdiction tax rates, as well as the provision for incremental U.S. taxes on unremitted earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries offset by foreign tax credits and other foreign adjustments. The liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions, excluding interest and penalties, and a reconciliation of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefit liabilities is as follows: (in millions) Balance as of March 1 Increases as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period Decreases as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period Increases as a result of tax positions taken during the current period Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities Decreases related to lapse of applicable statute of limitations Balance as of last day of February February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 30.4 — (11.5) 21.3 — (0.7) 39.5 $ $ 85.5 0.1 (1.2) 3.7 (54.7) (3.0) 30.4 $ $ 101.5 0.1 (4.0) 7.7 (13.9) (5.9) 85.5 As of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, we had $42.7 million and $32.3 million, respectively, of non-current unrecognized tax benefit liabilities, including interest and penalties, recorded on our balance sheets. These liabilities are recorded as non-current as payment of cash is not anticipated within one year of the balance sheet date. As of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, we had $39.5 million and $30.4 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefit liabilities that, if recognized, would decrease the effective tax rate. 81 We file U.S. Federal income tax returns and various state, local and foreign income tax returns. Major tax jurisdictions where we are subject to examination by tax authorities include Canada, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand and the U.S. Various U.S. Federal, state and foreign income tax examinations are currently in progress. It is reasonably possible that the liability associated with our unrecognized tax benefit liabilities will increase or decrease within the next twelve months as a result of these examinations or the expiration of statutes of limitation. As of February 28, 2017, we estimate that unrecognized tax benefit liabilities could change by a range of $1 million to $20 million. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. Federal, state, local or foreign income tax examinations for fiscal years prior to February 28, 2009. We provide for additional tax expense based on probable outcomes of ongoing tax examinations and assessments in various jurisdictions. While it is often difficult to predict the outcome or the timing of resolution of any tax matter, we believe the reserves reflect the probable outcome of known tax contingencies. Unfavorable settlement of any particular issue would require the use of cash. Favorable resolution would be recognized as a reduction to the effective tax rate in the year of resolution. The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) concluded its examination of our fiscal years ended February 28, 2010, and February 28, 2011. We received a Revenue Agent’s Report (“RAR”) from the IRS proposing tax assessments for those years. We disagree with certain assessments in this report and are continuing to address these matters through the IRS Appeals process. We believe that our position will be successfully sustained. For other items that were effectively settled, we reduced our liability for uncertain tax positions and recorded a tax benefit of $31.9 million for the year ended February 29, 2016. In addition, during the year ended February 29, 2016, various U.S. state and international examinations were finalized. In total, tax benefits of $51.0 million were recorded for the year ended February 29, 2016, related to the resolution of certain tax positions in connection with those examinations and the expiration of statutes of limitation. 13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES: Operating leases – The minimum lease payments for our operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the minimum lease term. Step rent provisions, escalation clauses, capital improvement funding and other lease concessions, when present in our leases, are taken into account in computing the minimum lease payments. Future payments under noncancelable operating leases having initial or remaining terms of one year or more are as follows for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter: (in millions) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter $ $ 41.6 46.8 45.2 43.2 35.4 285.5 497.7 Rental expense was $59.2 million, $56.1 million and $58.9 million for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively. 82 Purchase commitments and contingencies – We have entered into various long-term contracts in the normal course of business for the purchase of (i) certain inventory components, (ii) property, plant and equipment and related contractor and manufacturing services, (iii) processing and warehousing services and (iv) certain energy requirements. As of February 28, 2017, the estimated aggregate minimum purchase obligations under these contracts are as follows: Type Length of Commitment Amount (in millions) Raw materials and supplies (1) In-process inventories Capital expenditures (2) Packaging, grapes and other raw materials through December 2029 $ 5,508.1 Bulk wine through February 2022 Property, plant and equipment, and contractor and manufacturing services through February 2020 57.6 610.1 Other Processing and warehousing services, energy contracts through May 2029 267.6 6,443.4 $ (1) Grape purchase contracts require the purchase of grape production yielded from a specified number of acres. The actual tonnage and price of grapes that we must purchase will vary each year depending on certain factors, including weather, time of harvest, overall market conditions and the agricultural practices and location of the growers and suppliers under contract. (2) Consists of purchase commitments entered into primarily in connection with the construction of a brewery located in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, and the expansion projects for the Nava Brewery and the adjacent glass production plant. Indemnification liabilities – In connection with a prior divestiture as well as with the Canadian Divestiture, we have indemnified respective parties against certain liabilities that may arise, including those related to certain income tax matters, certain contracts with certain investees of one of the divested businesses and a certain facility in the U.K. During the year ended February 28, 2015, we were released from one of our guarantees, resulting in a gain of $7.5 million. This gain is included in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, the carrying amount of these indemnification liabilities was $9.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively, and is included in other liabilities. If the indemnified party were to incur a liability, pursuant to the terms of the indemnification, we would be required to reimburse the indemnified party. As of February 28, 2017, we estimate that these indemnifications could require us to make potential future payments of up to $81.2 million under these indemnifications with $57.6 million of this amount able to be recovered by us from third parties under recourse provisions. We do not expect to be required to make material payments under the indemnifications and we believe that the likelihood is remote that the indemnifications could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity. Legal matters – In the course of our business, we are subject to litigation from time to time. Although the amount of any liability with respect to such litigation cannot be determined, in the opinion of management, such liability will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. 14. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: Common stock – We have two classes of common stock with a material number of shares outstanding: Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock. Class B Convertible Common Stock shares are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis at any time at the option of the holder. Holders of Class B Convertible Common Stock are entitled to ten votes per share. Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share and a cash dividend premium. If we pay a cash dividend on Class B Convertible Common Stock, each share of Class A Common Stock will receive an amount at least ten percent greater than the amount of the cash dividend per share paid on Class B Convertible Common Stock. In addition, the Board of Directors may declare and pay a dividend on Class A Common Stock without paying any dividend on Class B Convertible Common 83 Stock. However, our senior credit facility limits the cash dividends that we can pay on our common stock to a fixed amount per quarter but the fixed amount may be exceeded subject to various conditions set forth in the senior credit facility. In addition, we have a class of common stock with an immaterial number of shares outstanding: Class 1 Common Stock. Shares of Class 1 Common Stock generally have no voting rights. Class 1 Common Stock shares are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis at any time at the option of the holder, provided that the holder immediately sells the Class A Common Stock acquired upon conversion. Because shares of Class 1 Common Stock are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock, for each share of Class 1 Common Stock issued, we must reserve one share of Class A Common Stock for issuance upon the conversion of the share of Class 1 Common Stock. Holders of Class 1 Common Stock do not have any preference as to dividends, but may participate in any dividend if and when declared by the Board of Directors. If we pay a cash dividend on Class 1 Common Stock, each share of Class A Common Stock will receive an amount at least ten percent greater than the amount of cash dividend per share paid on Class 1 Common Stock. In addition, the Board of Directors may declare and pay a dividend on Class A Common Stock without paying a dividend on Class 1 Common Stock. The cash dividends declared and paid on Class B Convertible Common Stock and Class 1 Common Stock must always be the same. The number of shares of common stock issued and treasury stock, and associated share activity, are as follows: Balance at February 28, 2014 Conversion of shares Exercise of stock options Employee stock purchases Grant of restricted stock awards Vesting of restricted stock units (1) Vesting of performance share units (2) Cancellation of restricted shares Balance at February 28, 2015 Share repurchases Conversion of shares Exercise of stock options Employee stock purchases Grant of restricted stock awards Vesting of restricted stock units (1) Vesting of performance share units (2) Cancellation of restricted shares Balance at February 29, 2016 Share repurchases Conversion of shares Exercise of stock options Employee stock purchases Grant of restricted stock awards Vesting of restricted stock units (1) Vesting of performance share units (2) Balance at February 28, 2017 Class A 248,264,944 46,957 2,527,458 Common Stock Class B 28,436,565 (46,957) — — — — — — 250,839,359 — 31,079 4,687,588 — — — — — 255,558,026 — 2 1,948,156 — — — — — — — — — 28,389,608 — (31,079) — — — — — — 28,358,529 — (2) — — — — — 257,506,184 28,358,527 Treasury Stock Class 1 Class A Class B — — — — — — — — — — — 2,000 — — — — — 2,000 — — 80 — — — — 2,080 80,225,575 5,005,800 — — (117,301) (6,424) (140,396) (288,021) 8,426 79,681,859 246,143 — — (89,155) (4,984) (157,052) (223,044) 244 79,454,011 7,407,051 — — (77,671) (4,088) (325,773) (190,559) 86,262,971 — — — — — — — 5,005,800 — — — — — — — — 5,005,800 — — — — — — — 5,005,800 (1) Net of 241,870 shares, 112,851 shares and 101,499 shares withheld for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively, to satisfy tax withholding requirements. 84 (2) Net of 168,811 shares, 216,396 shares and 248,499 shares withheld for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively, to satisfy tax withholding requirements. Stock repurchases – In April 2012, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock (the “2013 Authorization”), which was fully utilized during the year ended February 28, 2017. Shares repurchased under the 2013 Authorization have become treasury shares. Additionally, in November 2016, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock (the “2017 Authorization”). The Board of Directors did not specify a date upon which this authorization would expire. Shares repurchased under the 2017 Authorization have become treasury shares. For the year ended February 28, 2017, we repurchased 4,400,504 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the 2013 Authorization at an aggregate cost of $669.6 million and 3,006,547 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the 2017 Authorization at an aggregate cost of $453.1 million through open market transactions. As of February 28, 2017, total shares repurchased under these authorizations are as follows: (in millions, except share data) 2013 Authorization 2017 Authorization Class A Common Shares Dollar Value of Shares Repurchased Number of Shares Repurchased Repurchase Authorization $ $ 1,000.0 1,000.0 $ $ 1,000.0 453.1 18,670,632 3,006,547 Common stock dividends – In April 2017, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.52 per share of Class A Common Stock, $0.47 per share of Class B Convertible Common Stock and $0.47 per share of Class 1 Common Stock payable in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. 15. STOCK-BASED EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION: We have two stock-based employee compensation plans (as further discussed below). Total compensation cost and income tax benefits recognized for our stock-based awards are as follows: (in millions) Total compensation cost recognized in our results of operations Total income tax benefit recognized in our results of operations February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 56.1 18.5 $ $ 54.0 17.8 $ $ 55.0 18.7 Long-term stock incentive plan – Under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance share units and other stock-based awards may be granted to our employees, officers and directors. The aggregate number of shares of our Class A Common Stock and Class 1 Common Stock available for awards under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan is 108,000,000 shares. The exercise price, vesting period and term of nonqualified stock options granted are established by the committee administering the plan (the “Committee”). The exercise price of any nonqualified stock option may not be less than the fair market value of our Class A Common Stock on the date of grant. Nonqualified stock options generally vest and become exercisable over a four-year period from the date of grant and expire as established by the Committee, but not later than ten years after the grant date. 85 Grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance share units and other stock-based awards may contain such vesting periods, terms, conditions and other requirements as the Committee may establish. Restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards are based on service and generally vest over one to four years from the date of grant. Performance share unit awards are based on service and the satisfaction of certain performance conditions, and vest over a required employee service period, generally from one to three years from the date of grant, which closely matches the performance period. The performance conditions include the achievement of specified financial or operational performance metrics, or market conditions which require the achievement of specified levels of shareholder return relative to other companies as defined in the applicable performance share unit agreement. The actual number of shares to be awarded upon vesting of a performance share unit award will range between 0% and 200% of the target award, based upon the measure of performance as certified by the Committee. A summary of stock option activity, primarily under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, is as follows: February 28, 2017 Number of Options 9,541,393 648,147 $ $ (1,948,236) $ (170,711) $ (338) $ 8,070,255 6,456,382 $ $ Weighted Average Exercise Price 34.03 157.01 25.79 109.23 31.92 44.31 26.66 Outstanding as of March 1 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Outstanding as of last day of February Exercisable For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 Number of Options 13,613,615 $ 838,996 $ (4,689,588) $ (220,433) $ (1,197) $ Weighted Average Exercise Price 25.46 117.17 22.25 71.75 21.02 February 28, 2015 Number of Options 15,314,074 $ $ 881,584 (2,527,458) $ (52,779) $ (1,806) $ Weighted Average Exercise Price 21.82 79.86 22.02 42.79 19.55 25.46 19.45 9,541,393 7,348,309 $ $ 34.03 21.37 13,613,615 10,499,030 $ $ As of February 28, 2017, the aggregate intrinsic value of our options outstanding and exercisable was $924.1 million and $853.3 million, respectively. In addition, the weighted average remaining contractual life for our options outstanding and exercisable was 4.7 years and 3.8 years, respectively. The fair value of stock options vested, and the intrinsic value of and tax benefit realized from the exercise of stock options, are as follows: (in millions) Fair value of stock options vested Intrinsic value of stock options exercised Tax benefit realized from stock options exercised For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ $ 20.3 260.4 106.0 $ $ $ 20.1 514.9 193.5 $ $ $ 19.6 185.8 62.2 86 The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted and the weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows: Grant-date fair value Expected life (1) Expected volatility (2) Risk-free interest rate (3) Expected dividend yield (4) For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ 40.09 $ 31.14 $ 27.77 5.9 years 5.9 years 5.9 years 27.1% 1.6% 1.0% 28.5% 1.6% 1.1% 32.4% 2.1% 0.0% (1) Based on historical experience of employees’ exercise behavior for similar type awards. (2) Based primarily on historical volatility levels of our Class A Common Stock. (3) Based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life. (4) Based on the calculated yield on our Class A Common Stock at date of grant using the current fiscal year projected annualized dividend distribution rate. A summary of restricted Class A Common Stock activity under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan is as follows: February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number 4,984 4,088 $ $ (4,984) $ — $ 119.37 166.34 119.37 — 117,054 $ 4,984 $ (116,810) $ (244) $ 25.15 119.37 25.16 20.60 408,744 $ 6,424 $ (289,688) $ (8,426) $ 20.18 87.13 20.90 20.43 4,088 $ 166.34 4,984 $ 119.37 117,054 $ 25.15 $ 917,009 $ 174,187 (567,643) $ (67,854) $ 70.23 156.74 54.29 108.56 $ 1,063,726 $ 230,742 (269,903) $ (107,556) $ 51.16 122.60 44.48 58.65 $ 1,104,580 $ 250,923 (241,895) $ (49,882) $ 39.87 80.72 32.34 41.05 455,699 $ 117.44 917,009 $ 70.23 1,063,726 $ 51.16 Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding balance as of March 1, Nonvested Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding balance as of last day of February, Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Outstanding balance as of March 1, Nonvested Granted Vested Forfeited Outstanding balance as of last day of February, Nonvested 87 February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Number 501,261 75,765 105,330 $ $ $ (359,370) $ 92.41 190.33 66.50 60.50 (72,653) $ 144.26 617,684 155,671 $ $ $ 219,720 (439,440) $ (52,374) $ 58.21 146.25 38.47 38.47 75.42 798,600 108,290 $ $ $ 268,260 (536,520) $ (20,946) $ 39.67 99.64 21.65 21.65 47.21 250,333 $ 141.91 501,261 $ 92.41 617,684 $ 58.21 Performance Share Units Outstanding balance as of March 1, Nonvested Granted Performance achievement (1) Vested Forfeited Outstanding balance as of last day of February, Nonvested (1) Reflects the number of awards achieved above target levels based on actual performance measured at the end of the performance period. The fair value of shares vested for our restricted Class A Common Stock awards is as follows: (in millions) Restricted stock awards Restricted stock units Performance share units For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ $ 0.8 89.4 57.2 $ $ $ 13.7 31.7 51.5 $ $ $ 23.6 19.7 43.6 The weighted average grant-date fair value of performance share units granted with a market condition and the weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value on the date of grant using the Monte Carlo Simulation model are as follows: Grant-date fair value Grant-date price Performance period Expected volatility (1) Risk-free interest rate (2) Expected dividend yield (3) For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 204.53 157.33 $ $ 153.64 117.08 $ $ 101.05 79.61 2.8 years 20.6% 1.0% 0.0% 3.0 years 33.5% 0.9% 0.0% 3.0 years 38.2% 0.8% 0.0% (1) Based primarily on historical volatility levels of our Class A Common Stock. (2) Based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the performance period. (3) No expected dividend yield for the years ended February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, as units granted earn dividend equivalents. Employee stock purchase plan – We have a stock purchase plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”) under which 9,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock may be issued. Under the terms of the plan, eligible employees may purchase shares of our Class A Common Stock through payroll deductions. The purchase price is the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the stock on the first or last day of the purchase period. For the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 88 2016, and February 28, 2015, employees purchased 77,671 shares, 89,155 shares and 117,301 shares, respectively, under this plan. Other – As of February 28, 2017, there was $76.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under our stock-based employee compensation plans. This cost is expected to be recognized in our results of operations over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. With respect to the issuance of shares under any of our stock-based compensation plans, we have the option to issue authorized but unissued shares or treasury shares. 16. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CBI: The computation of basic and diluted net income per common share is as follows: For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 Common Stock Common Stock Common Stock Class A Class B Class A Class B Class A Class B $ 1,370.1 $ 165.0 $ 940.0 $ 114.9 $ 745.6 $ 93.7 165.0 — 114.9 — (3.1) — — (3.1) 93.7 — — (4.0) $ 1,535.1 $ 161.9 $ 1,054.9 $ 111.8 $ 839.3 $ 89.7 175.934 23.353 173.383 23.363 169.325 23.397 23.353 4.812 — — 23.363 7.075 — — 23.397 8.502 — — 204.099 23.353 203.821 23.363 201.224 23.397 $ $ 7.79 7.52 $ $ 7.07 6.93 $ $ 5.42 5.18 $ $ 4.92 4.79 $ $ 4.40 4.17 $ $ 4.00 3.83 (in millions, except per share data) Net income attributable to CBI allocated – basic Conversion of Class B common shares into Class A common shares Effect of stock-based awards on allocated net income Net income attributable to CBI allocated – diluted Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic Conversion of Class B common shares into Class A common shares Stock-based awards, primarily stock options Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted Net income per common share attributable to CBI – basic Net income per common share attributable to CBI – diluted 89 17. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS: Other comprehensive loss attributable to CBI includes the following components: Before Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit Net of Tax Amount $ $ $ $ (203.3) $ — (203.3) 13.6 $ — 13.6 (33.6) 6.8 (26.8) (1.0) — (1.0) (8.1) — (8.1) (239.2) $ (310.7) $ — (310.7) (59.8) 37.3 (22.5) (0.4) 0.1 (0.3) 9.6 (3.0) 6.6 — — — 2.1 — 2.1 22.3 6.3 — 6.3 16.5 (11.0) 5.5 — — — $ $ (0.1) 0.5 0.4 (333.1) $ — (0.3) (0.3) 11.5 $ (189.7) — (189.7) (24.0) 3.8 (20.2) (1.0) — (1.0) (6.0) — (6.0) (216.9) (304.4) — (304.4) (43.3) 26.3 (17.0) (0.4) 0.1 (0.3) (0.1) 0.2 0.1 (321.6) (in millions) For the Year Ended February 28, 2015 Other comprehensive loss attributable to CBI: Foreign currency translation adjustments: Net losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges: Net derivative losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Unrealized loss on AFS debt securities: Net AFS debt securities losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Pension/postretirement adjustments: Net actuarial losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Other comprehensive loss attributable to CBI For the Year Ended February 29, 2016 Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to CBI: Foreign currency translation adjustments: Net losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges: Net derivative losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Unrealized loss on AFS debt securities: Net AFS debt securities losses Reclassification adjustments Net loss recognized in other comprehensive loss Pension/postretirement adjustments: Net actuarial losses Reclassification adjustments Net gain recognized in other comprehensive loss Other comprehensive loss attributable to CBI 90 (in millions) For the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Other comprehensive income attributable to CBI: Foreign currency translation adjustments: Net losses Reclassification adjustments Net gain recognized in other comprehensive income Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges: Net derivative losses Reclassification adjustments Net gain recognized in other comprehensive income Unrealized gain on AFS debt securities: Net AFS debt securities gains Reclassification adjustments Net gain recognized in other comprehensive income Pension/postretirement adjustments: Net actuarial gains Reclassification adjustments Net gain recognized in other comprehensive income Other comprehensive income attributable to CBI Before Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit Net of Tax Amount $ $ (78.3) $ 111.5 33.2 (0.7) $ — (0.7) (34.7) 45.2 10.5 0.4 — 0.4 0.3 11.5 11.8 55.9 $ 11.7 (14.1) (2.4) 0.1 — 0.1 (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (3.2) $ (79.0) 111.5 32.5 (23.0) 31.1 8.1 0.5 — 0.5 0.2 11.4 11.6 52.7 Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax effect, includes the following components: Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments Net Unrealized Losses on Derivative Instruments Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on AFS Debt Securities Pension/ Postretirement Adjustments Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss $ (390.5) $ (46.1) $ (2.8) $ (13.1) $ (452.5) (in millions) Balance, February 29, 2016 Other comprehensive income: Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification adjustments Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income Other comprehensive income Balance, February 28, 2017 $ (79.0) (23.0) 0.5 0.2 (101.3) 111.5 32.5 (358.0) $ 31.1 8.1 (38.0) $ — 0.5 (2.3) $ 11.4 11.6 (1.5) $ 154.0 52.7 (399.8) 91 18. SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK: Net sales to our five largest customers represented 32.6%, 31.7% and 33.7% of our net sales for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively. Net sales to our five largest customers are expected to continue to represent a significant portion of our revenues. Net sales to an individual customer which amount to 10% or more of our net sales, and the associated amounts receivable from this customer as a percentage of our accounts receivable, are as follows: Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits Net sales Accounts receivable For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 14.1% 32.1% 13.4% 32.0% 15.4% 24.4% Net sales for the above customer are primarily reported within the Wine and Spirits segment. Our arrangements with certain of our customers may, generally, be terminated by either party with prior notice. The majority of our accounts receivable balance is generated from sales to independent distributors with whom we have a predetermined collection date arranged through electronic funds transfer. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial position, and management is of the opinion that any risk of significant loss is reduced due to the diversity of our customers and geographic sales area. 19. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION: The following information sets forth the condensed consolidating balance sheets as of February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016, the condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive income for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, and the condensed consolidating statements of cash flows for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, for the parent company, our combined subsidiaries which guarantee our senior notes (“Subsidiary Guarantors”), our combined subsidiaries which are not Subsidiary Guarantors (primarily foreign subsidiaries) (“Subsidiary Nonguarantors”) and the Company. The Subsidiary Guarantors are 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by the parent company and the guarantees are joint and several obligations of each of the Subsidiary Guarantors. The guarantees are full and unconditional, as those terms are used in Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X, except that a Subsidiary Guarantor can be automatically released and relieved of its obligations under certain customary circumstances contained in the indentures governing our senior notes. These customary circumstances include, so long as other applicable provisions of the indentures are adhered to, the termination or release of a Subsidiary Guarantor’s guarantee of other indebtedness or upon the legal defeasance or covenant defeasance or satisfaction and discharge of our senior notes. Separate financial statements for our Subsidiary Guarantors are not presented because we have determined that such financial statements would not be material to investors. The accounting policies of the parent company, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Subsidiary Nonguarantors are the same as those described for the Company in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Note 1. There are no restrictions on the ability of the Subsidiary Guarantors to transfer funds to us in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances. 92 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet at February 28, 2017 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ Accounts receivable Inventories Intercompany receivable Prepaid expenses and other Total current assets Property, plant and equipment Investments in subsidiaries Goodwill Intangible assets Intercompany notes receivable Other assets Total assets Current liabilities: Notes payable to banks $ $ 5.8 $ 162.0 $ — $ $ 9.6 2.4 162.3 21,927.8 40.4 18.5 1,628.5 28,384.7 74.8 22,142.5 30,112.3 69.5 13,884.2 — — 5,074.5 17.9 951.1 125.0 6,589.9 955.1 188.3 77.2 716.1 330.9 12,410.6 169.0 13,788.6 2,912.2 — 1,330.6 2,422.6 100.6 46.3 — (166.6) (62,723.1) 76.3 (62,813.4) — (14,009.2) — — (5,363.4) — 41,188.6 $ 38,998.9 $ 20,600.9 $ (82,186.0) $ 18,602.4 231.0 $ — $ 375.5 $ — $ Current maturities of long-term debt Accounts payable Accrued excise taxes Intercompany payable Other accrued expenses and liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term debt, less current maturities Deferred income taxes Intercompany notes payable Other liabilities Total liabilities Total CBI stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests 767.9 47.6 17.8 27,675.4 252.4 28,992.1 5,260.2 13.3 — 31.8 34,297.4 6,891.2 — 16.3 146.2 26.0 22,786.3 138.8 23,113.6 23.0 823.2 5,334.0 18.9 29,312.7 9,686.2 — Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 6,891.2 41,188.6 $ 9,686.2 38,998.9 $ 126.7 366.0 0.8 12,261.4 153.0 13,283.4 2,437.5 297.1 29.4 115.0 16,162.4 4,444.9 (6.4) 4,438.5 20,600.9 $ — — — (62,723.1) 31.6 (62,691.5) — — (5,363.4) — (68,054.9) (14,131.1) — (14,131.1) (82,186.0) $ 93 177.4 737.0 1,955.1 — 360.5 3,230.0 3,932.8 — 7,920.5 3,377.7 — 141.4 606.5 910.9 559.8 44.6 — 575.8 2,697.6 7,720.7 1,133.6 — 165.7 11,717.6 6,891.2 (6.4) 6,884.8 18,602.4 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet at February 29, 2016 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ Accounts receivable Inventories Intercompany receivable Prepaid expenses and other Total current assets Property, plant and equipment Investments in subsidiaries Goodwill Intangible assets Intercompany notes receivable Other assets Total assets Current liabilities: Notes payable to banks Current maturities of long-term debt Accounts payable Accrued excise taxes Intercompany payable Other accrued expenses and liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term debt, less current maturities Deferred income taxes Intercompany notes payable Other liabilities Total liabilities Total CBI stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests $ $ 4.2 $ 72.9 $ — $ $ 6.0 0.4 151.6 17,459.3 29.6 22.3 1,483.5 23,758.9 67.8 17,646.9 25,336.7 63.2 13,047.2 — — 4,705.9 20.0 879.8 19.0 6,376.4 970.9 86.6 69.6 709.8 344.0 9,393.5 281.1 10,801.3 2,390.4 — 762.2 2,430.8 — 22.0 — (127.5) (50,611.7) (68.1) (50,807.3) — (13,066.2) — 2.1 (4,792.5) — 83.1 732.5 1,851.6 — 310.4 2,977.6 3,333.4 — 7,138.6 3,403.8 — 111.6 35,483.2 $ 33,739.0 $ 16,406.7 $ (68,663.9) $ 16,965.0 — $ — $ 765.6 37.7 14.7 22,293.3 349.1 23,460.4 5,421.4 11.9 — 29.9 28,923.6 6,559.6 — 18.0 100.7 14.7 19,018.6 185.1 19,337.1 26.3 734.8 4,776.6 39.1 24,913.9 8,825.1 — $ 408.3 73.1 290.9 4.2 9,299.8 119.4 10,195.7 1,368.5 275.5 15.9 93.5 11,949.1 4,325.4 132.2 4,457.6 16,406.7 $ — $ — — — (50,611.7) (109.2) (50,720.9) — — (4,792.5) — (55,513.4) (13,150.5) — (13,150.5) (68,663.9) $ 408.3 856.7 429.3 33.6 — 544.4 2,272.3 6,816.2 1,022.2 — 162.5 10,273.2 6,559.6 132.2 6,691.8 16,965.0 Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 6,559.6 35,483.2 $ 8,825.1 33,739.0 $ 94 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income for the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated Sales Less – excise taxes Net sales Cost of product sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Gain on sale of business Operating income Equity in earnings (losses) of equity method investees and subsidiaries Interest income Intercompany interest income Interest expense Intercompany interest expense Income before income taxes (Provision for) benefit from income taxes Net income Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to CBI Comprehensive income attributable to CBI $ $ $ 2,832.6 $ (351.9) 2,480.7 (1,974.5) 506.2 (417.2) (23.4) 65.6 1,657.4 0.4 227.1 (280.0) (311.1) 1,359.4 175.7 1,535.1 $ 6,453.2 (321.1) 6,132.1 (4,433.1) 1,699.0 $ 3,125.0 (57.1) 3,067.9 (1,653.8) 1,414.1 (4,349.2) $ — (4,349.2) 4,259.3 (89.9) (800.8) (4.3) 893.9 33.3 — 311.5 (1.5) (226.7) 1,010.5 (396.2) 614.3 (222.8) 290.1 1,481.4 (0.8) 1.4 — (53.6) (0.8) 1,427.6 (337.2) 1,090.4 48.4 — (41.5) (1,662.6) — (538.6) — 538.6 (1,704.1) 3.5 (1,700.6) — 1,535.1 $ — 614.3 $ (4.1) 1,086.3 $ — (1,700.6) $ 8,061.6 (730.1) 7,331.5 (3,802.1) 3,529.4 (1,392.4) 262.4 2,399.4 27.3 1.8 — (335.1) — 2,093.4 (554.2) 1,539.2 (4.1) 1,535.1 1,587.8 $ 614.1 $ 1,108.7 $ (1,722.8) $ 1,587.8 95 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income for the Year Ended February 29, 2016 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated $ 2,522.8 $ Sales Less – excise taxes Net sales Cost of product sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Equity in earnings of equity method investees and subsidiaries Dividend income Interest income Intercompany interest income Interest expense Intercompany interest expense Loss on write-off of debt issuance costs Income before income taxes (Provision for) benefit from income taxes Net income Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to CBI Comprehensive income attributable to CBI $ $ (332.6) 2,190.2 (1,759.6) 430.6 (378.4) 52.2 1,224.2 — 0.2 191.4 (290.1) (267.4) (0.4) 910.1 144.8 1,054.9 $ 5,614.9 (281.1) 5,333.8 (3,906.2) 1,427.6 (652.6) 775.0 31.2 — — 268.0 (0.2) (191.3) — 882.7 (346.3) 536.4 $ 3,024.5 (61.7) 2,962.8 (1,823.8) 1,139.0 (176.5) 962.5 0.5 24.5 0.6 0.1 (24.4) (0.8) (0.7) 962.3 (247.4) 714.9 (3,938.4) $ — (3,938.4) 3,883.5 (54.9) 30.3 (24.6) (1,229.3) — — (459.5) — 459.5 — (1,253.9) 8.3 (1,245.6) — — 1,054.9 $ 536.4 $ (5.7) 709.2 $ — (1,245.6) $ 7,223.8 (675.4) 6,548.4 (3,606.1) 2,942.3 (1,177.2) 1,765.1 26.6 24.5 0.8 — (314.7) — (1.1) 1,501.2 (440.6) 1,060.6 (5.7) 1,054.9 733.3 $ 531.9 $ 383.7 $ (915.6) $ 733.3 96 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income for the Year Ended February 28, 2015 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated $ 2,406.4 $ Sales Less – excise taxes Net sales Cost of product sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Equity in earnings of equity method investees and subsidiaries Interest income Intercompany interest income Interest expense Intercompany interest expense Loss on write-off of debt issuance costs Income before income taxes (Provision for) benefit from income taxes Net income Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to CBI Comprehensive income attributable to CBI $ $ (324.8) 2,081.6 (1,678.4) 403.2 (388.2) 15.0 828.0 0.1 177.8 (296.4) (222.0) — 502.5 336.8 839.3 — $ 5,078.3 (251.6) 4,826.7 (3,629.0) 1,197.7 (470.1) 727.6 24.6 — 222.7 (1.4) (177.6) — 795.9 (295.5) 500.4 $ 3,004.1 (67.7) 2,936.4 (1,870.3) 1,066.1 (273.4) 792.7 1.2 1.3 — (41.3) (0.9) (4.4) 748.6 (395.7) 352.9 — 3.1 (3,816.7) $ — (3,816.7) 3,728.3 (88.4) 53.3 (35.1) (832.3) — (400.5) — 400.5 — (867.4) 11.0 (856.4) — (856.4) $ 6,672.1 (644.1) 6,028.0 (3,449.4) 2,578.6 (1,078.4) 1,500.2 21.5 1.4 — (339.1) — (4.4) 1,179.6 (343.4) 836.2 3.1 839.3 839.3 $ 500.4 $ 356.0 $ 622.4 $ 503.7 $ 132.2 $ (635.9) $ 622.4 97 (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended February 28, 2017 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated $ 171.9 $ 1,152.1 $ 1,027.4 $ (655.4) $ 1,696.0 Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of businesses, net of cash acquired Purchases of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of business Net proceeds from intercompany notes Net returns of capital from equity affiliates Other investing activities Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Dividends paid to parent company Net returns of capital to equity affiliates Net proceeds from (repayments of) intercompany notes Purchases of treasury stock Principal payments of long-term debt Dividends paid Payments of minimum tax withholdings on stock-based payment awards Payments of debt issuance costs and other financing costs Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt Net proceeds from (repayments of) notes payable Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards Proceeds from shares issued under equity compensation plans — (284.9) (826.1) (12.8) (9.9) 430.1 470.7 0.7 878.8 — — 141.2 (1,122.7) (767.6) (315.1) — (5.0) 600.0 231.0 131.4 59.7 — — — (733.8) 585.2 — (447.8) — (19.3) (470.7) — (1,111.0) (907.4) 575.3 — — (18.7) (160.8) — 17.7 — (0.1) (428.1) (994.0) (918.5) (1,461.8) — (868.7) (31.2) (226.2) (608.7) — (20.6) — (61.9) — — — — — 19.7 — (183.6) — (3.0) (9.1) 1,365.6 (33.9) — — 868.7 257.4 447.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,122.7) (971.8) (315.1) (64.9) (14.1) 1,965.6 197.1 131.4 59.7 Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ (1,047.1) (722.4) 60.8 1,573.9 (134.8) (5.1) 89.1 72.9 — — — $ 162.0 $ — $ (5.1) 94.3 83.1 177.4 — 1.6 4.2 5.8 — 3.6 6.0 9.6 $ 98 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended February 29, 2016 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ (476.2) $ 1,249.6 $ 667.8 $ (27.5) $ 1,413.7 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of businesses, net of cash acquired Purchases of property, plant and equipment Net proceeds from intercompany notes Net investments in equity affiliates Other investing activities Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Dividends paid to parent company Net contributions from equity affiliates Net proceeds from (repayments of) intercompany notes Purchases of treasury stock Principal payments of long-term debt Dividends paid Payments of minimum tax withholdings on stock-based payment awards Payments of debt issuance costs and other financing costs Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt Net proceeds from notes payable Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards Proceeds from shares issued under equity compensation plans Proceeds from noncontrolling interests Net cash provided by financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ — (1,314.7) (1.7) (14.1) (61.6) (815.6) — — (188.8) 550.1 — 361.3 (1,316.4) (891.3) — — 0.3 (2,207.4) — — (3.4) (820.7) 143.9 (550.1) 3.5 (416.8) — 60.9 250.4 (33.8) (64.5) (241.6) 44.9 — 0.2 (1,331.2) — 266.8 (106.4) — (39.4) — — (35.9) — — — — — — 85.1 — 3.5 0.7 4.2 (13.3) 600.0 — 203.4 113.0 — 874.5 — (18.5) 24.5 6.0 $ 99 (88.8) 88.8 283.7 (611.4) (332.8) — (104.8) — (2.7) — 10.0 360.6 — — 25.0 150.2 (9.3) (12.0) 84.9 72.9 $ $ 188.8 — — — — — — — — — — (333.8) — — — — $ — — — (33.8) (208.7) (241.6) (38.6) (13.3) 610.0 360.6 203.4 113.0 25.0 776.0 (9.3) (27.0) 110.1 83.1 Parent Company Subsidiary Guarantors Subsidiary Nonguarantors Eliminations Consolidated (in millions) Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended February 28, 2015 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ (553.6) $ 784.5 $ 850.1 $ — $ 1,081.0 — (310.3) (83.7) (612.6) — — (5.6) — — 19.5 — — (485.4) 2.6 — (310.3) (719.4) — — 13.8 (89.3) (903.4) (482.8) (1,015.9) — (23.1) 485.4 (2.6) (0.1) 459.6 — — (262.8) (549.2) — (31.5) (618.1) (19.6) — (26.1) (11.7) 800.0 — 78.0 63.7 — — — — — — — — — Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired Purchases of property, plant and equipment Net proceeds from intercompany notes Net investments in equity affiliates Other investing activities Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Dividends paid to parent company Net contributions from (returns of capital to) equity affiliates Net proceeds from (repayments of) intercompany notes Principal payments of long-term debt Payments of minimum tax withholdings on stock-based payment awards Payments of debt issuance costs and other financing costs Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt Net proceeds from notes payable Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment awards Proceeds from shares issued under equity compensation plans Proceeds from noncontrolling interests Payment of delayed purchase price arrangement Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ (38.8) 72.9 395.5 (36.9) (2.3) (2.1) 105.0 13.1 — — 115.0 (543.3) 38.8 (41.4) 485.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — (605.7) (28.4) (13.8) 905.0 13.1 78.0 63.7 115.0 (543.3) (16.4) (2.5) 46.2 63.9 110.1 118.0 (695.3) 78.1 482.8 — 24.0 0.5 24.5 $ — (0.1) 0.8 0.7 $ (2.5) 22.3 62.6 84.9 $ — — — — $ 100 20. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION: Our internal management financial reporting consists of two business divisions: (i) Beer and (ii) Wine and Spirits, and we report our operating results in three segments: (i) Beer, (ii) Wine and Spirits, and (iii) Corporate Operations and Other. In the Beer segment, our portfolio consists of high-end imported and craft beer brands. We have an exclusive perpetual brand license to import, market and sell in the U.S. our Mexican beer portfolio. In the Wine and Spirits segment, we sell a large number of wine brands across all categories – table wine, sparkling wine and dessert wine – and across all price points – popular, premium and luxury categories, primarily within the $5 to $25 price range at U.S. retail – complemented by certain premium spirits brands. Amounts included in the Corporate Operations and Other segment consist of costs of executive management, corporate development, corporate finance, human resources, internal audit, investor relations, legal, public relations and information technology. The amounts included in the Corporate Operations and Other segment are general costs that are applicable to the consolidated group and are therefore not allocated to the other reportable segments. All costs reported within the Corporate Operations and Other segment are not included in our chief operating decision maker’s evaluation of the operating income performance of the other reportable segments. The business segments reflect how our operations are managed, how resources are allocated, how operating performance is evaluated by senior management and the structure of our internal financial reporting. In addition, management excludes items that affect comparability (“Comparable Adjustments”) from its evaluation of the results of each operating segment as these Comparable Adjustments are not reflective of core operations of the segments. Segment operating performance and segment management compensation are evaluated based upon core segment operating income (loss). As such, the performance measures for incentive compensation purposes for segment management do not include the impact of these Comparable Adjustments. We evaluate segment operating performance based on operating income (loss) of the respective business units. Comparable Adjustments that impacted comparability in our segment operating income (loss) for each period are as follows: February 28, 2017 For the Years Ended February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 (in millions) Cost of product sold Settlements of undesignated commodity derivative contracts $ 23.4 $ Net gain (loss) on undesignated commodity derivative contracts Flow through of inventory step-up Amortization of favorable interim supply agreement Other losses Total cost of product sold Selling, general and administrative expenses Impairment of intangible assets Costs associated with the Canadian Divestiture and related activities Transaction, integration and other acquisition-related costs Restructuring and related charges Other gains (losses) Total selling, general and administrative expenses Gain on sale of business 16.3 (20.1) (2.2) — 17.4 (37.6) (20.4) (14.2) (0.9) (2.6) (75.7) 262.4 $ 29.5 (48.1) (18.4) (31.7) — (68.7) — — (15.4) (16.4) — (31.8) — 4.4 (32.7) — (28.4) (2.8) (59.5) — — (30.5) — 7.2 (23.3) — Comparable Adjustments, Operating income (loss) $ 204.1 $ (100.5) $ (82.8) 101 The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described for the Company in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Note 1. Segment information is as follows: (in millions) Beer Net sales Segment operating income Long-lived tangible assets Total assets Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Wine and Spirits Net sales: Wine Spirits Net sales Segment operating income Earnings from unconsolidated investments Long-lived tangible assets Investments in equity method investees Total assets Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Corporate Operations and Other Segment operating loss Losses from unconsolidated investments Long-lived tangible assets Investments in equity method investees Total assets Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Comparable Adjustments Operating income (loss) Earnings (losses) from unconsolidated investments Depreciation and amortization Consolidated Net sales Operating income Earnings from unconsolidated investments Long-lived tangible assets Investments in equity method investees Total assets Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 4,229.3 1,534.4 2,810.0 11,325.3 759.2 114.9 2,739.3 362.9 3,102.2 800.8 29.2 992.9 77.6 6,976.6 100.0 99.4 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,622.6 1,264.1 2,187.8 9,900.7 800.3 61.5 2,591.4 334.4 2,925.8 727.0 26.6 1,039.8 76.2 6,770.4 81.7 100.2 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ (139.9) $ (0.2) $ $ 129.9 21.1 300.5 48.2 31.4 $ $ $ $ (125.5) $ — $ $ 105.8 6.0 293.9 9.3 27.6 $ $ $ $ 204.1 $ (1.7) $ $ 2.2 (100.5) $ $ 24.5 $ 31.7 3,188.6 1,017.8 1,485.6 8,281.0 587.3 45.4 2,523.4 316.0 2,839.4 674.3 21.5 1,071.8 73.5 6,508.2 96.8 100.0 (109.1) — 124.2 — 303.8 35.3 28.2 (82.8) — 28.4 7,331.5 2,399.4 27.3 3,932.8 98.7 18,602.4 907.4 247.9 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6,548.4 1,765.1 51.1 3,333.4 82.2 16,965.0 891.3 221.0 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6,028.0 1,500.2 21.5 2,681.6 73.5 15,093.0 719.4 202.0 102 Earnings from unconsolidated investments consist of equity in earnings from equity method investees of $27.3 million, $26.6 million and $21.5 million for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, respectively, and dividend income from a retained interest in a previously divested business of $24.5 million for the year ended February 29, 2016. Our principal area of operation is in the U.S. Current operations outside the U.S. are in Mexico for the Beer segment and primarily in New Zealand, Italy and Canada for the Wine and Spirits segment. Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. Geographic data is as follows: (in millions) Net sales U.S. Non-U.S. (primarily Canada) (in millions) Long-lived tangible assets U.S. Non-U.S. (primarily Mexico) For the Years Ended February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 February 28, 2015 $ $ 6,807.7 523.8 7,331.5 $ $ 5,960.9 587.5 6,548.4 $ $ 5,360.0 668.0 6,028.0 February 28, 2017 February 29, 2016 $ $ 1,037.6 2,895.2 3,932.8 $ $ 933.3 2,400.1 3,333.4 21. ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE NOT YET ADOPTED: Revenue recognition – In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. Under this guidance, an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. A five step process will be utilized to recognize revenue, as follows: (i) identify the contract with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Additionally, this guidance requires improved disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We are required to adopt this guidance for our annual and interim periods beginning March 1, 2018, utilizing one of two methods: retrospective restatement for each reporting period presented at time of adoption, or a modified retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially applying this guidance recognized at the date of initial application. We intend to implement this guidance under the retrospective approach. Based on our preliminary review, we expect that the broad definition of variable consideration under this guidance will require us to estimate and record certain variable payments resulting from various sales incentives earlier than we currently record them. We do not expect this change to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We are currently preparing to implement changes to our accounting policies, systems and controls to support the new revenue recognition and disclosure requirements. 103 Leases – In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance for the accounting for leases. Under this guidance, a lessee will recognize assets and liabilities for most leases, but will recognize expense similar to current lease accounting guidance. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. We are required to adopt this guidance for our annual and interim periods beginning March 1, 2019, using a modified retrospective approach. We are currently assessing the financial impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements. Stock compensation – In March 2016, the FASB issued guidance which amends, among other items, the accounting for income taxes related to share-based compensation and the related classification in the statement of cash flows. This guidance requires the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies (resulting from an increase or decrease in the fair value of an award from grant date to the vesting or settlement date) in the provision for income taxes as a discrete item in the quarterly period in which they occur. Through February 28, 2017, these amounts were recognized in additional paid-in capital at the time of vesting or settlement. In addition, these amounts will be classified as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows instead of as a financing activity where they are currently recorded. This guidance will also impact our calculation of diluted earnings per share under the treasury stock method, as excess tax benefits and deficiencies resulting from share-based compensation are no longer included in the assumed proceeds calculation. For the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015, we recognized excess tax benefits of $131.4 million, $203.4 million and $78.0 million, respectively, in additional paid-in capital. These amounts may not necessarily be indicative of future amounts that may be recognized subsequent to the adoption of the amended standard, as any excess tax benefits recognized will be dependent upon future stock prices, employee exercise behavior and applicable tax rates. We adopted this guidance on March 1, 2017, on a prospective basis. 22. SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): A summary of selected quarterly financial information is as follows: QUARTER ENDED May 31, 2016 August 31, 2016 November 30, 2016 February 28, 2017 Full Year (in millions, except per share data) Fiscal 2017 Net sales Gross profit Net income attributable to CBI (1) Net income per common share attributable to CBI (1) (2): Basic – Class A Common Stock Basic – Class B Convertible Common Stock Diluted – Class A Common Stock Diluted – Class B Convertible Common Stock $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,871.8 881.3 318.3 1.61 1.46 1.55 1.43 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,021.2 969.0 358.9 1.81 1.64 1.75 1.61 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,810.5 891.4 405.9 2.04 1.85 1.98 1.82 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,628.0 787.7 452.0 2.34 2.12 2.26 2.09 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 7,331.5 3,529.4 1,535.1 7.79 7.07 7.52 6.93 104 QUARTER ENDED May 31, 2015 August 31, 2015 November 30, 2015 February 29, 2016 Full Year (in millions, except per share data) Fiscal 2016 Net sales Gross profit Net income attributable to CBI Net income per common share attributable to CBI (2): Basic – Class A Common Stock Basic – Class B Convertible Common Stock Diluted – Class A Common Stock Diluted – Class B Convertible Common Stock $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,631.3 737.1 238.6 1.24 1.12 1.18 1.09 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,733.4 775.6 302.4 1.56 1.42 1.49 1.38 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,640.5 733.5 270.5 1.39 1.26 1.33 1.22 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,543.2 696.1 243.4 1.23 1.12 1.19 1.10 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 6,548.4 2,942.3 1,054.9 5.42 4.92 5.18 4.79 (1) Includes gain on sale of business, net of income tax effect, of $196.1 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 in connection with the Canadian Divestiture. (2) The sum of the quarterly net income per common share for Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016 may not equal the total computed for the respective years as the net income per common share is computed independently for each of the quarters presented and for the full year. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. Not Applicable. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded, based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Internal Control over Financial Reporting (a) See page 52 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, which is incorporated herein by reference. (b) See page 53 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the attestation report of KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, which is incorporated herein by reference. (c) In connection with management’s quarterly evaluation of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), no changes were identified in our internal control over financial reporting during our fiscal quarter ended February 28, 2017 (our fourth 105 fiscal quarter) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other Information. Not Applicable. Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. PART III The information required by this Item (except for the information regarding executive officers required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K which is included in Part I hereof in accordance with General Instruction G(3)) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be issued in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of our Company which is expected to be held on July 18, 2017, under those sections of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Director Nominees,” “The Board of Directors and Committees of the Board” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.” That Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. We have adopted the Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics which is a code of ethics that applies to our chief executive officer and our senior financial officers. The Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics is located on our Internet website at http:// www.cbrands.com/investors/corporate-governance. Amendments to, and waivers granted under, our Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Executive Code of Ethics, if any, will be posted to our website as well. We will provide to anyone, without charge, upon request, a copy of such Code of Ethics. Such requests should be directed in writing to Investor Relations Department, Constellation Brands, Inc., 207 High Point Drive, Building 100, Victor, New York 14564 or by telephoning our Investor Center at 1-888-922-2150. Item 11. Executive Compensation. The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be issued in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of our Company which is expected to be held on July 18, 2017, under those sections of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Executive Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Director Compensation.” That Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compensation Committee Report included within the section of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Executive Compensation” is only being “furnished” hereunder and shall not be deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be issued in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of our Company which is expected to be held on July 18, 2017, under that section of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Beneficial Ownership.” That Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. Additional information required by this item is as follows: 106 Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans The following table sets forth information with respect to our compensation plans under which our equity securities may be issued, as of February 28, 2017. The equity compensation plans approved by security holders include our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan and our 1989 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Equity Compensation Plan Information (a) (b) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (c) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) 8,973,565 (1) — 8,973,565 $ $ $ 44.31 (2) 14,901,443 (3) — 44.31 — 14,901,443 Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders Total (1) (2) (3) Includes 447,611 shares of unvested performance share units and 455,699 shares of unvested restricted stock units under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan. The unvested performance share units represent the maximum number of shares to be awarded, which ranges from 100% to 200% of the target shares granted. We currently estimate that 113,740 of the target shares granted will be awarded at 200% of target; 95,057 of the target shares granted will be awarded at 100% of target and 41,536 of the target shares granted will be awarded at less than 100% of target based upon our expectations as of February 28, 2017, regarding the achievement of specified performance targets. Excludes unvested performance share units and unvested restricted stock units under our Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan that can be exercised for no consideration. Includes 1,574,880 shares of Class A Common Stock under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan remaining available for purchase, of which approximately 42,500 shares are subject to purchase during the current offering period. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be issued in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of our Company which is expected to be held on July 18, 2017, under those sections of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Director Nominees,” “The Board of Directors and Committees of the Board” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.” That Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services. The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement to be issued in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of our Company which is expected to be held on July 18, 2017, under that section of the Proxy Statement to be titled “Proposal 2 – Ratification of the Selection of KPMG LLP as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.” That Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year. 107 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. 1. Financial Statements The following consolidated financial statements of the Company are submitted herewith: Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP Consolidated Balance Sheets – February 28, 2017, and February 29, 2016 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016, and February 28, 2015 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Financial Statement Schedules Schedules are not submitted because they are not applicable or not required under Regulation S-X or because the required information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto. 3. Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulations S-K For the exhibits that are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference, see the Index to Exhibits located on page 110 of this Report. The Index to Exhibits is incorporated herein by reference. Item 16. Form 10-K Summary. None. 108 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES April 27, 2017 CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC. By: /s/ Robert Sands Robert Sands, President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. /s/ Robert Sands Robert Sands, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) April 27, 2017 /s/ Richard Sands Richard Sands, Director and Chairman of the Board April 27, 2017 /s/ Jerry Fowden Jerry Fowden, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Robert L. Hanson Robert L. Hanson, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ James A. Locke III James A. Locke III, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Judy A. Schmeling Judy A. Schmeling, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ David Klein David Klein, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) April 27, 2017 /s/ Frederic Cumenal Frederic Cumenal, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Barry Fromberg Barry Fromberg, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Ernesto M. Hernández Ernesto M. Hernández, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Daniel J. McCarthy Daniel J. McCarthy, Director April 27, 2017 /s/ Keith E. Wandell Keith E. Wandell, Director April 27, 2017 109 Exhibit No. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 INDEX TO EXHIBITS Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 28, 2012, among Constellation Beers Ltd., Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Constellation Brands, Inc. and Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated June 28, 2012, filed November 9, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). +# Amended and Restated Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 13, 2013, among Constellation Beers Ltd., Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Constellation Brands, Inc. and Anheuser- Busch InBev SA/NV (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated February 13, 2013, filed February 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). + First Amendment dated as of April 19, 2013, to the Amended and Restated Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 13, 2013, among Constellation Beers Ltd., Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Constellation Brands, Inc. and Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 19, 2013, filed April 19, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). + Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of February 13, 2013, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Constellation Brands, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated February 13, 2013, filed February 25, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). + First Amendment dated as of April 19, 2013, to the Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of February 13, 2013, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Constellation Brands, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 19, 2013, filed April 19, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). + Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference). # Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference). # Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, amended as of October 4, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2006, by and among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors and BNY Midwest Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated August 15, 2006, filed August 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 1, with respect to 7.25% Senior Notes due 2016 (no longer outstanding), dated as of August 15, 2006, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and BNY Midwest Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 15, 2006, filed August 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 2, dated as of November 30, 2006, by and among the Company, Vincor International Partnership, Vincor International II, LLC, Vincor Holdings, Inc., R.H. Phillips, Inc., The Hogue Cellars, Ltd., Vincor Finance, LLC, and BNY Midwest Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.28 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 3, dated as of May 4, 2007, by and among the Company, Barton SMO Holdings LLC, ALCOFI INC., and Spirits Marque One LLC, and BNY Midwest Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.32 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 4, with respect to 8 3/8% Senior Notes due 2014 (no longer outstanding), dated as of December 5, 2007, by and among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., (as successor to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 5, 2007, filed December 11, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 5, dated as of January 22, 2008, by and among the Company, BWE, Inc., Atlas Peak Vineyards, Inc., Buena Vista Winery, Inc., Clos du Bois Wines, Inc., Gary Farrell Wines, Inc., Peak Wines International, Inc., and Planet 10 Spirits, LLC, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference). # 110 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 Supplemental Indenture No. 6, dated as of February 27, 2009, by and among the Company, Constellation Services LLC, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company National Association (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 7, dated as of June 7, 2013, among the Company, Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Crown Imports LLC, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 8, dated as of May 28, 2014, among the Company, Constellation Marketing Services, Inc., and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.9 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 9, dated as of January 15, 2016, among the Company, Home Brew Mart, Inc., and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Indenture, with respect to 7.25% Senior Notes due May 2017, dated May 14, 2007, by and among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 9, 2007, filed May 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 1, dated as of January 22, 2008, by and among the Company, BWE, Inc., Atlas Peak Vineyards, Inc., Buena Vista Winery, Inc., Clos du Bois Wines, Inc., Gary Farrell Wines, Inc., Peak Wines International, Inc., and Planet 10 Spirits, LLC, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A. (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.39 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 2, dated as of February 27, 2009, by and among the Company, Constellation Services LLC, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company National Association (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.34 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 3, dated as of June 7, 2013, among the Company, Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Crown Imports LLC, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 4, dated as of May 28, 2014, among the Company, Constellation Marketing Services, Inc., and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.14 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 5, dated as of January 15, 2016, among the Company, Home Brew Mart, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (successor trustee to BNY Midwest Trust Company), as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.16 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Indenture, dated as of April 17, 2012, by and among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 17, 2012, filed April 23, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 1, with respect to 6.0% Senior Notes due May 2022, dated as of April 17, 2012, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 17, 2012, filed April 23, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). # Supplemental Indenture No. 3, with respect to 3.75% Senior Notes due May 2021, dated as of May 14, 2013, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2013, filed May 16, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 4, with respect to 4.25% Senior Notes due May 2023, dated as of May 14, 2013, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2013, filed May 16, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 5, dated as of June 7, 2013, among the Company, Constellation Brands Beach Holdings, Inc., Crown Imports LLC, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). 111 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Supplemental Indenture No. 6 dated as of May 28, 2014, among the Company, Constellation Marketing Services, Inc., and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.21 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 7, with respect to 3.875% Senior Notes due 2019, dated as of November 3, 2014, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 3, 2014, filed November 7, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 8, with respect to 4.750% Senior Notes due 2024, dated as of November 3, 2014, among the Company as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on form 8-K dated November 3, 2014, filed November 7, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 9, with respect to 4.750% Senior Notes due 2025, dated December 4, 2015, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors, and Manufacturer’s and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K, dated December 4, 2015, filed December 8, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 10, dated as of January 15, 2016, among the Company, Home Brew Mart, Inc., and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4.26 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2016 and incorporated by reference). Supplemental Indenture No. 11 with respect to 3.700% Senior Notes due 2026, dated as of December 6, 2016, among the Company, as Issuer, certain subsidiaries, as Guarantors and Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, as Trustee, (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2016, filed December 6, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Restatement Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2016, by and among the Company, CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., CI Cerveza S.à r.l., the Guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the Lenders party thereto, including the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 10, 2016, by and among the Company, CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the Lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 10, 2016, filed March 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Restatement Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2016, by and among the Company, CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., CB International Finance S.à r.l., CI Cerveza S.à r.l., the Guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the Lenders thereto, including the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of October 13, 2016, by and among the Company, CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., CB International Finance S.à r.l., Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the Lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 2016, filed October 18, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Joinder Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2013, between CIH International S.à r.l., and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and lender (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Constellation Brands, Inc. Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of July 27, 2012 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 27, 2012, filed July 31, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Stock Option Amendment pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2007, filed December 12, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 26, 2007, filed July 31, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants before July 26, 2007) (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2007, filed December 12, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 26, 2007 and before April 1, 2008) (filed as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2007, filed December 12, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# 112 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 1, 2008 and before April 6, 2009) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 6, 2009 and before April 5, 2010) (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2009, filed April 9, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 5, 2010 and before April 3, 2012) (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated April 5, 2010, filed April 9, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 3, 2012 and before April 28, 2014) (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 3, 2012, filed April 5, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 28, 2014 and before April 25, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 2014, filed May 1, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 25, 2016 and before April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 25, 2016, filed April 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Employees with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 21, 2017, filed April 25, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 26, 2013 and before April 28, 2014) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 26, 2013, filed May 1, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after April 28, 2014 and before April 28, 2015) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 2014, filed May 1, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 28, 2015 and before April 25, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 2015, filed May 1, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 25, 2016 and before April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 25, 2016, filed April 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 21, 2017, filed April 25, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (relating to cliff vested awards) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 24, 2013, filed July 26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (providing for ratable vesting over three years) (filed as Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement for Executives with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 28, 2014 and before April 28, 2015) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 2014, filed May 1, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement for Executives with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 28, 2015 and before April 25, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 2015, filed May 1, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * 113 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 10.29 10.30 10.31 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.35 10.36 Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement for Non-Executive Employees with respect to the Company’s Long- Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 28, 2014 and before April 28, 2015) (filed as Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement for Non-Executive Employees with respect to the Company’s Long- Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 28, 2015 and before April 25, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 25, 2016 and before April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 25, 2016, filed April 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after April 21, 2017) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 21, 2017, filed April 25, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement with respect to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (relating to specified performance criteria) (filed as Exhibit 10.28 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to options to purchase Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 26, 2007, filed July 31, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants before July 17, 2008) (filed as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2007, filed December 12, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 17, 2008 and before July 22, 2010) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to a pro rata grant of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 20, 2010, filed April 22, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 22, 2010 and before July 27, 2012) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 27, 2012 and before July 23, 2014) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 27, 2012, filed July 31, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to grants of options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 23, 2014 and before July 20, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 23, 2014, filed July 25, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Terms and Conditions Memorandum for Directors with respect to options to purchase Class 1 Stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (grants on or after July 20, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2016, filed July 22, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Directors with respect to awards of restricted stock pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after July 20, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2016, filed July 22, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Directors with respect to awards of restricted stock units pursuant to the Company’s Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (awards on or after July 20, 2016) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 20, 2016, filed July 22, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * 114 10.37 10.38 10.39 10.40 10.41 10.42 10.43 10.44 10.45 10.46 10.47 10.48 10.49 10.50 10.51 10.52 10.53 10.54 10.55 Constellation Brands, Inc. Annual Management Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of July 27, 2012 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 27, 2012, filed July 31, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan of the Company (filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference). *# First Amendment to the Company’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed as Exhibit 10 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Second Amendment to the Company’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Third Amendment to the Company’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 7, 2005, filed April 13, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference). *# 2005 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan of the Company (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 7, 2005, filed April 13, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference). *# First Amendment to the Company’s 2005 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Second Amendment to the Company’s 2005 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * Amended and Restated Guarantee Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2013, made by the subsidiaries of the Company from time to time party thereto and Constellation Brands, Inc., in favor of Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Lenders party to the Credit Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Cross-Guarantee Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2016, by and among CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 10, 2016, filed March 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Amended and Restated Cross-Guarantee Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2016, by and among CIH International S.à r.l., CIH Holdings S.à r.l., CB International Finance S.à r.l., and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 13, 2016, filed October 18, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of U.S. Pledge Agreement (filed as Exhibit D-1 to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2013, filed May 7, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of Luxembourg Equity Pledge Agreement (filed as Exhibit D-2 to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2013, filed May 7, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of Luxembourg PEC Pledge Agreement (filed as Exhibit D-3 to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2013, filed May 7, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of Barbados Charge Over Shares (filed as Exhibit D-4 to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 2, 2013, filed May 7, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of Mexican Pledge Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.60 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). Form of Executive Employment Agreement between Constellation Brands, Inc. and its Chairman of the Board and its President and Chief Executive Officer (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated and filed May 21, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference). *# Form of Executive Employment Agreement between Constellation Brands, Inc. and its Other Executive Officers (other than Messrs. Wright, Hackett, Kane, Newlands and Klein) (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed May 21, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference). *# Executive Employment Agreement dated November 19, 2010, between Constellation Brands, Inc. and John Ashforth Wright (filed as Exhibit 10.54 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference). *# 115 10.56 10.57 10.58 10.59 10.60 10.61 10.62 10.63 12.1 21.1 23.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 99.1 99.2 99.3 99.4 101.1 Executive Employment Agreement effective as of August 1, 2016, between Constellation Brands Canada, Inc. and John A. Wright (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 14, 2016, filed June 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Retention Bonus Agreement dated November 24, 2016 between Constellation Brands Canada, Inc. and John A. (Jay) Wright (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 24, 2016, filed November 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Executive Employment Agreement made as of June 17, 2013, among Crown Imports LLC, Constellation Brands, Inc., and William F. Hackett (filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * Executive Employment Agreement dated February 27, 2017, among Crown Imports LLC, Constellation Brands, Inc., and William F. Hackett (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 25, 2017, filed February 28, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference). * Executive Employment Agreement made as of June 17, 2013, between Constellation Brands, Inc. and Thomas M. Kane (filed as Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * Executive Employment Agreement made as of January 26, 2015, between Constellation Brands, Inc. and William A. Newlands (filed as Exhibit 10.57 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Executive Employment Agreement made as of June 29, 2015, between Constellation Brands, Inc. and David Klein (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 29, 2015, filed July 2, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). * Amended and Restated Sub-license Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2013, between Marcas Modelo, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Constellation Beers Ltd. (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2013, filed June 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). + Statements re computation of ratios (filed herewith). Subsidiaries of Company (filed herewith). Consent of KPMG LLP (filed herewith). Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith). Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith). Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (filed herewith). Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (filed herewith). Constellation Brands, Inc. 1989 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (amended and restated as of July 24, 2013) (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 24, 2013, filed July 26, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). * First Amendment, dated and effective April 25, 2016, to the Company’s 1989 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 25, 2016, filed April 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference). * Stipulation and Order dated April 19, 2013, among Constellation Brands, Inc. Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, Grupo Modelo, S.A.B. de C.V., and the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 19, 2013, filed April 19, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). Final Judgment filed with the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on October 24, 2013, together with Exhibits B and C (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference). The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of February 28, 2017 and February 29, 2016; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016 and February 28, 2015; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016 and February 28, 2015; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended February 28, 2017, February 29, 2016 and February 28, 2015; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 116 * Designates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. # Company’s Commission File No. 001-08495. For filings prior to October 4, 1999, use Commission File No. 000-07570. + Portions of this exhibit were redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment request filed with and approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We agree, upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission, to furnish copies of each instrument that defines the rights of holders of long-term debt of the Company or its subsidiaries that is not filed herewith pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) because the total amount of long-term debt authorized under such instrument does not exceed 10% of the total assets of the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. 117 Performance Graph Set forth below is a line graph comparing, for the fiscal years ended the last day of February 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017, the cumulative total stockholder return of the Company’s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock with the cumulative total return of the S&P 500® Index, the S&P 500 Food & Beverage Index and a peer group index.(1) We have selected the S&P 500 Food & Beverage Index to replace the peer group index that we used last year because we believe the diversified companies in this index provides a more relevant comparison. The Peer Group Index consists of the publicly traded companies which comprised the Company’s executive compensation peer group for compensation decisions effective for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017. The graph assumes the investment of $100.00 on February 29, 2012 in the Company’s Class A Common Stock, the Company’s Class B Common Stock, the S&P 500® Index, the S&P 500® Food & Beverage Index and the Peer Group Index, and also assumes the reinvestment of all dividends. Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. The Company neither makes nor endorses any predictions as to future stock performance. $800 $700 $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $0 2/12 2/13 2/14 2/15 2/16 2/17 Constellation Brands, Inc. Class A Constellation Brands, Inc. Class B S&P 500® S&P 500® Food & Beverage Index Peer Group(1) 2/12 2/13 2/14 2/15 2/16 2/17 Constellation Brands, Inc. Class A $ 100.00 $ 202.56 $ 371.02 $ 525.27 $ 653.93 $ 741.73 Constellation Brands, Inc. Class B 100.00 203.11 373.28 528.82 659.09 735.57 S&P 500® 100.00 113.46 142.25 164.30 154.13 192.63 S&P 500® Food & Beverage Index 100.00 118.37 132.42 160.02 170.21 187.11 Peer Group(1) 100.00 115.09 129.57 150.42 157.49 175.51 (1) The Peer Group Index is weighted according to the respective issuer’s stock market capitalization and is comprised of the following companies: Brown- Forman Corporation (Class B Shares); Campbell Soup Company; Clorox Company (The); Coach, Inc.; Diageo plc; Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.; Estée Lauder Companies Inc. (The); General Mills, Inc.; Harley-Davidson, Inc.; Hershey Company (The); J. M. Smucker Company (The); Kellogg Company; Keurig Green Mountain, Inc.; McCormick & Company, Inc.; Mead Johnson Nutrition Company; Molson Coors Brewing Company (Class B Shares); Monster Beverage Corporation; Ralph Lauren Corporation; Reynolds American Inc. Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measure Directors and Executive Officers (As of May 1, 2017) For the Years Ended 2/28/17 2/29/16 Growth EPS, reported basis $ 7.52 $ 5.18 45% Acquisitions, divestitures and related costs Restructuring and related charges Other EPS, comparable basis (1) (0.77) 0.22 – 0.05 0.01 (0.01) 6.76 5.43 24% (1)May not sum due to rounding as each item is computed independently Diluted earnings per share (EPS) growth on a comparable basis is provided because we believe this information provides investors better insight into underlying business trends and results in order to evaluate year-over- year financial performance. Management uses this information in evaluating the results of our core operations and internal goal setting. Comparable basis EPS reflects the exclusion of the following items: • Acquisitions, divestitures and related costs, consisting primarily of gain on sale of the Canadian wine business and transaction and associated costs in connection with completed acquisitions and divestitures, including flow through of inventory step-up, amortization of favorable interim supply agreement, and impairment of certain intangible assets; • Restructuring and related charges, consisting primarily of employee termination benefit costs; and • Other, consisting primarily of settlements of undesignated commodity derivative contracts, net gain (loss) on the mark to fair value of undesignated commodity derivative contracts, impairment of certain intangible and other assets, certain other selling, general and administrative costs, dividend income from a retained interest in a previously divested business and loss on write-off of financing costs. Directors Richard Sands Chairman of the Board, Constellation Brands, Inc. Robert Sands President and Chief Executive Officer, Constellation Brands, Inc. Frederic Cumenal (2) Former Chief Executive Officer, Tiffany & Co. Jerry Fowden (1) (3) Chief Executive Officer, Cott Corporation Barry A. Fromberg (2) (3) Chief Financial Officer, HNI Healthcare Robert L. Hanson (1) Chief Executive Officer, John Hardy Global Limited Executive Officers Richard Sands Chairman of the Board, Constellation Brands, Inc. Robert Sands President and Chief Executive Officer, Constellation Brands, Inc. William F. Hackett Executive Vice President and Chairman, Beer Division, Constellation Brands, Inc. F. Paul Hetterich Executive Vice President and President, Beer Division, Constellation Brands, Inc. Thomas M. Kane Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, Constellation Brands, Inc. Ernesto M. Hernández (1) President and Managing Director, General Motors de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. David Klein Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Constellation Brands, Inc. Thomas J. Mullin Executive Vice President and General Counsel, Constellation Brands, Inc. William A. Newlands Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Constellation Brands, Inc. Christopher Stenzel Executive Vice President and President, Wine & Spirits Division, Constellation Brands, Inc. James A. Locke III (3) Senior Counsel to the law firm of Nixon Peabody LLP Daniel J. McCarthy (2) President and Chief Executive Officer, Frontier Communications Corporation Judy A. Schmeling (2) President of Cornerstone Brands and Chief Operating Officer, HSN, Inc. Keith E. Wandell (1) Retired Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, Harley-Davidson, Inc. (1) Member of Human Resources Committee (2) Member of Audit Committee (3) Member of Corporate Governance Committee Additional biographical information about the Directors is included in the Proxy Statement relating to the Company’s 2017 annual meeting distributed with this Fiscal Year 2017 Annual Report and posted on www.cbrands.com/investors. Investor Information Headquarters Common Stock Trading Copies of Form 10-K The Company’s Class A and Class B Common Stock trade on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbols STZ and STZ.B, respectively. There is no public market for the Company’s Class 1 Common Stock. As of April 30, 2017, there were 582 and 105 holders of record of Class A and Class B Common Stock, respectively, and three holders of record of Class 1 Common Stock. Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements The statements set forth in this report, which are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. For risk factors associated with the Company and its business, please refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017. A copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2017, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, will be furnished without charge to any stockholder upon written request to Constellation Brands, Inc.’s Investor Relations department at our corporate headquarters address provided on this page. Alternatively, a copy is available on our Constellation Brands website at www.cbrands. com, as well as on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s internet site at www.sec.gov. Annual Stockholders’ Meeting The annual meeting is scheduled to be held at 11:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on Tuesday, July 18, 2017, at the Callahan Theater at the Nazareth College Arts Center, 4245 East Avenue, Rochester, New York. The Nazareth College Arts Center is located in the Town of Pittsford, New York. Constellation Brands, Inc. 207 High Point Drive Building 100 Victor, New York 14564 585.678.7100 888.724.2169 www.cbrands.com Investor Center: 888.922.2150 Stock Transfer Agent and Registrar Computershare 877.810.2237 (toll free, U.S. and Canada) 201.680.6578 (outside U.S. and Canada) Stockholder Website www.computershare.com/investor Stockholder Online Inquiries https://www-us.computershare.com/ investor/Contact Regular Delivery Computershare P.O. Box 505000 Louisville, KY 40233 Overnight Delivery Computershare 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600 Louisville, KY 40202 

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